A DICTIONARY
of
BIBLICAL
LANGUAGES

ARAMAIC
Old Testament

James Swanson

Copyright © 1997, Logos Research Systems, Inc.

All rights reserved.

Second edition, 2001

TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS

Symbols

† Not found in BHS in this exact inflected form
+ More references in BHS
* Following a Louw-Nida number, pops up domain/sub-domain titles
2xs, 3xs, etc. The word defined occurs n times in a particular Bible verse
General Abbreviations

ANE Ancient Near East
BA Biblical Aramaic
BH Biblical Hebrew
ca. circa, about
cj. conjecture
coll. collective
comm. commentaries
EB English Bible versification
K/Q Kethibh/Qere (what is written, what is read)
K Kethibh (what is written in the text)
MS manuscript
MSS manuscripts
MT Masoretic Text
oth. others, other sources
passim here and there (scattered about)
poss. possibly
q.v. quod vide, which see
Q Qere (what is read)
sic “intentionally so written”
terr. territory
v.r. variant reading in a manuscript
w/o without
Parts of Speech and Semantic Functions

1cp first person, common, plural
1cs first person, common, singular
1p first person
2mp second person, masculine, plural
2ms second person, masculine, singular
3fp third person, feminine, plural
3fs third person, feminine, singular
3mp third person, masculine, plural
3ms third person, masculine, singular
3p third person
3pl third person, plural
a adjective
abs absolute
acc accusative (the case of the direct object)
act active
adj adjective, or adjectival
adv adverb, or adverbially
alt alternate
c conjunction
cs construct
det determinative, or determination
diff difference
ety etymology, etymological(ly)
f, fem feminine
ftn footnote
g, gent gentilic
ident identify
impf, imperf imperfect
imv imperative
indecl undeclinable
inf infinitive
inj interjection
interp interpretation
intrans intransitive
l.f., L.F., LF Lexical Form
loc locative, i.e., in a location
m masculine
mp masculine plural
ms masculine singular
n noun, or nouns
num numeric
obj objective
p pronoun
pass passive
pers personal/person
pf, perf perfect
pl plural
pr proper (i.e., not common, but very limited in scope)
prep preposition
pt particle
ptc participle
ref reference
s, sg singular
subj subjective
subst substantival
suff suffix
v verb
Bible Translations

ASV American Standard Version (1901)
BDB Brown, Driver, Briggs, Hebrew and English Lexicon
BHS Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (i.e., an edition of the Hebrew/Aramaic Bible)
CEV Contemperary English Version
KJV King James Version
LXX Septuagint
NAB New American Bible
NASB New American Standard Bible
NCV New Century Version
NEB New English Bible
NIV New International Version
NJB New Jerusalem Bible
NKJV New King James Version
NLT New Living Translation
NRSV New Revised Standard Version
REB Revised English Bible
RSV Revised Standard Version
TLB The Living Bible
VG, Vulg. Vulgate
Reference Works

Jos. Ant. Josephus’ Antiquities of the Jews
DSS Dead Sea Scrolls
Gesenius Gesenius’ Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament
GK Goodrick/Kohlenberger numbering system of the NIV Exhaustive Condordance
Holladay Holladay, A Concise Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament
KB Koehler/Baumgartner Lexicon In Veteris Testamenti Libros (1958)
KB3 The Hebrew & Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament Volume 1, The New Koehler-Baumgartner in English, E.J. Brill, revised by Baumgartner and J.J. Stamm, 1994
LN Louw-Nida Greek-English Lexicon
Lisowsky Konkordanz zum Hebräischen Alten Testament, by Gerhard Lisowsky (Concordance to the Hebrew Old Testament)
Rosenthal Rosenthal, F. A Grammar of Biblical Aramaic
Strong Strong’s Concordance and back indexes
Tanakh Tanakh, the Holy Scriptures
WBC Word Biblical Commentary
AUTHOR’S PREFACE

Why does the Hebrew analysis of domains take a Greek domain number?

ONE OBSERVES that both the Hebrew and Aramaic volumes of The Dictionary of Biblical Languages have a connecting number to The Greek-English Lexicon by Louw & Nida.
This number is not here to state, suggest, or infer that Dr. Louw has approved or edited this number as an actual connector to the languages of the Old Testament; nor did Logos Research Systems authorize a connection between these two works. This number was assigned by myself, James A. Swanson, alone. Dr. Louw has no involvement with these individual decisions. I take full responsibility for the connection to the domain structure of Louw & Nida.
First let me state the purpose of the connection to the LN domains in the negative. The purpose was not to suggest that Hebrew/Aramaic and Greek thought structures are of the same. There is no suggestion that a lexeme in the OT language mathematically equals (univocal) the Greek lexemes in meaning. There is also no suggestion that a Greek language domain structure should be imposed on a Hebrew culture domain structure. But the connections of the LN domains are not completely dissimilar (equivocal) either. There is at least an analogical connection between the domains of meaning in the Greek New Testament and Hebrew/Aramaic culture. Many of these domains could relate to nearly any culture of the world; which is why Louw & Nida was designated by its editors as a lexicon for translators.
First, the Louw Nida domain numbers (LN) for the Hebrew domains are used primarily as an organizational principle to keep track of the tens of thousands of meanings of OT lexemes. It was a matrix or “hook” upon which to hang the thousands of different meanings of the Hebrew lexemes. I felt it was appropriate to use, since it was a completely developed system by a top translator theorist and semantics expert. By my experience, I also found it very functional in regards to the general areas of experiences of a culture.
Second, I felt there is an advantage to have (so-called) neutral domains of meaning with all the Hebrew and Greek terms. Commonality of systems allows a person to find information efficiently. That is why we alphabetize so many of our reference books; so we can find common or similar information. To find all the animals and plants of both testaments is a useful thing, etc. The user must ultimately judge if there is any usefulness connecting similar areas of experience represented by the Greek and Hebrew cultures and language.
A modern linguistic domain structure has been imposed on the Greek language domain structure by Louw and Nida. It was right to do so, for there was no other place to start this kind of analysis. If one could snap their fingers and an ancient person come alive to give the Greek domain structure, that would be the better structure; and the same for the Hebrew/Aramaic endeavor. Whatever strengths or failings are in the Louw-Nida domain system will be the same as in the Swanson analysis.
As I worked through the thousands of lexemes and their meanings, I was pleased that the breadth and range of modern semantic categories fit quite well. Dr. Louw did an excellent job of creating domains and categories that fit the general areas of experience for any culture and its corresponding language. Rarely was I uncomfortable with LN categories.
Occasionally, I found minor inconsistencies in the structure of LN, but they were minor enough to make them still useful.
As stated before, I found the domains for the OT quite functional.
Do we need a different domain for the elements of the earth (domain 2); for plants and animals (domain 3–4)? Are OT words for food a completely different area of experience from Greek words for food (domain 5)? Is linear movement something different in Hebrew than Greek (domain 15)? And so I could go through each of the domains and argue that the area of experiences in the OT are not equivocally different, but rather analogically different. Refinements could be made to improve the work.
Admittedly, certain domains in the Hebrew have to be more carefully studied and debated as to their cultural mindset; domains involving the internal thinking (domains 26–32); domains of reality and mode (domains 68–73); and domains we’ll roughly call grammatical (domains 89–92).
This is a work in the Hebrew/Aramaic which has never been done. I readily acknowledge that there will be errors or misjudgments in the work. And there should be healthy debate about creating better domain categories for both future Greek and Hebrew/Aramaic semantic domain lexicons. But for now, I stand by the OT analysis as a competent first step. I have spent thousands of hours in Louw & Nida’s lexicon, and have the highest regard for it. But I could cite a hundred examples in which LN could arguably change its domain of an individual lexeme. Give this OT analysis the same grace.
Also, if a meaning within a lexeme is not well served in a domain that I assigned it, I invite your comments for further editions. This kind of inductive book is always a work in progress, and context should be the determiner of meaning, not some editor. I can be persuaded by contextual arguments.
We credit to Dr. Eugene Botha of UNISA (December 3, 1997) this observation in an electronic personal message to Jim Swanson. Modestly stated, he is familiar with the issues of semantics and meaning. We take all responsibility for any distortion, if any, concerning this view. Here is an edit of Dr. Botha’s lucid response to the question of the competency of the categories for LN and future works in other biblical material:

“It is indeed true that meaning, and the way meanings are ascribed are governed by culture and culturally conditioned perceptions of reality. The categories used by Louw and Nida are for the most part semantic domains westerners would use, and an ancient Mediterranean would probably construct semantic domains somewhat different. The problem is that we do not have ancient Mediterraneans or Jews around to do this, and very little research in this regard is available to guide us.
“I think Louw and Nida just sat down and from THEIR [emphasis Dr. Botha’s] perspective decided on domains, which is of course somewhat problematic, but not to be sneered at given the lack of any other model of this kind.… it is true that a Hebrew semantic domain dictionary should be somewhat different from a Greek one, if both are based on mother tongue speakers from the ancient world [emphasis mine]. However, we do not have enough research available on the way in which these different categories of ancients constructed their meanings, and I suspect your work will still be OK and a breakthrough in scholarship, if in introduction you addressed this problem and openly say that you choose for the Louw & Nida categories because they are general enough and comprehensive enough for a start!”

Dr. James A. Swanson
January, 1998

א

10001 א (ʾ): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 1—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit, note: Da 2:39 אֲרַעא (ʾǎrǎʿ(ʾ)) the aleph is either not to be read, or is a variant form of 10002 (q.v.)

10002 ־ָא (ā-(ʾ)): suffixal marker or definite article; ≡ DBLHebr 2021—LN 92.24 the, or not translated; a marker of the emphatic state, which always denotes determination (det.) in BA This state corresponds to the BH n. in absolute with the definite article הַ־ (hǎ-), note some grammarians refer to this as a post-positive definite article. Used about 830xs in BA (Ezr 4:8).

10003 אַב (ʾǎḇ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3 Str 2; TWOT 2553—1. LN 10.14 father, male parent (Da 5:2, 11,13, 18+); 2. LN 10.20 predecessor, ancestor, forefather (Ezr 4:15; 5:12; Da 2:23+)

10004 אֵב (ʾēḇ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4 Str 4; TWOT 2554—LN 3.33 fruit, i.e., produce from a tree or plant (Da 4:9[EB 4:12],11[EB 4:14],18[EB 4:21]+)

אָב (ʾāḇ): see 10003

אבב (ʾbb): see 10004

אבד (ʾbd): see 10005

10005 אֲבַד (ʾǎḇǎḏ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6 Str 7; TWOT 2555—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (peal) perish, be ruined (Jer 10:11+); (hofal) be destroyed (Da 7:11+); 2. LN 20.61–20.88 (hafel) execute, slay, kill (Da 2:12, 18, 24; 7:26+)

10006 אֶבֶן (ʾě·ḇěn): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 74 Str 69; TWOT 2556—1. LN 2.21–2.28 (single) stones, for walls, or coverings (Ezr 5:8; 6:4; Da 6:18[EB 17]); hewn rock piece, from bedrock (Da 2:34, 35, 45+); 2. LN 2.23–2.25 a rock material (for building images), (5:4, 23+)

אִגְּרָהא (ʾig·gerāh(ʾ)): see 10007 (alternate lexical form)

10007 אִגְּרָה (ʾig·gerā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 115 Str 104; TWOT 2557—LN 6.63 and LN 33.46–33.52 letter, a document of written communication, on an unknown substance, likely vellum or papyrus, though other materials were in use at this time (Ezr 4:8, 11; 5:6+)

10008 אֱדַיִן (ʾěḏǎ·yin): adv.; ≡ DBLHebr 255 Str 116; TWOT 2558—1. LN 91.1–91.15 then, thus, so then; a marker of transition, with some emphasis, often with בְּא־ (bʾ) nearly always at the beginning of the transitional passage (Ezr 4:9); 2. LN 67.17–67.64 (with) מִן־ (min-) from that time on (Ezr 5:16+)

10009 אֲדָר (ʾǎḏār): n.pr.; ≡ DBLHebr 160 Str 144; TWOT 2559—not referenced to Adar, the twelfth month of the Hebrew calendar, approximated with the modern months of February/March (Ezr 6:15+)

10010 אִדַּר (ʾid·dǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 147; TWOT 2560—LN 7.65 threshing floor, i.e., an outdoor floor of stone or packed dirt, for beating or trampling grain (Da 2:35+)

10011 אֲדַרְגָּזַר (ʾǎḏǎr·gā·zǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 148; TWOT 2561—1. LN 37.48–37.95 minister of information, i.e., an adviser or counselor whose job was to keep the king informed on the affairs of the kingdom, to be the eyes and ears for the king (Da 3:2, 3+), for another interp, see below; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 military commander, general (Da 3:2, 3+); 3. LN 56.36–56.37 head of legal arbitration; judge (ASV, KJV), a chief justice over disputes (Da 3:2, 3+); 4. LN 33.294–33.298 (most versions) counselor; advisor (NIV), one who speaks advice (Da 3:2, 3+), note: the first entry is the more likely, since it argues from analogous contexts and not merely ety. from Persian and Hebrew

10012 אַדְרַזְדָּא (ʾǎḏ·rǎz·dā(ʾ)): adv.; ≡ Str 149; TWOT 2562—1. LN 25.68–25.79 (most versions:) with diligence, zealously (Ezr 7:23+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 72.12–72.22 correctly, exactly (ASV, NAB), (Ezr 7:23+ BDB)

10013 אֶדְרָע (ʾěḏ·rāʿ): n.[fem.]; ≡ DBLHebr 274, 2432 Str 153; TWOT 2682b—1. LN 8.28–8.35 arm, i.e., a body part; see next; 2. LN 76.10–76.12 (with) בְּ־ (b) (by) force, with power; a figurative extension of prior entry (Ezr 4:23+), see also 10185

אֲזָא (ʾǎzā(ʾ)): see 10015

אזד (ʾzd): see 10014

10014 אַזְדָּא (ʾǎz·dā(ʾ)): adj.fem. [modifying מִלְּתָא (mil·leṯā(ʾ))] or n. (with det.); ≡ Str 230; TWOT 2564—1. LN 74.19 (most versions) firm, assured, sure (Da 2:5, 8+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.218–33.223 (as n.) a proclamation (of a command, i.e., a promulgation), (NRSV, NEB), (Da 2:5, 8+); 3. LN 13.36–13.47 a going away (ASV, KJV), for another interp, see prior

אזה (ʾzh): see 10015

10015 אֲזָה (ʾǎzā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 228; TWOT 2563—1. LN 79.70–79.77 (peal) heat, make hot (Da 3:19+); 2. LN 79.70–79.77 (peil ptcp.) be hot, be searing and consuming with heat (Da 3:22+)

אזל (ʾzl): see 10016

10016 אֲזַל (ʾǎzǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 261 Str 236; TWOT 2565—1. LN 15.1–15.17 (peal) go, go off, i.e., a general movement from one place to another (Ezr 4:23; 5:8, 15(imv.); Da 2:24; 6:20[EB 19]+); 2. LN 15.88–15.92 return, go back to a place (Da 2:17; 6:19[EB 18]+)

10017 אַח (ʾǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 278 Str 252; TWOT 2566—LN 11.25 K pl.; Q sing. + 2ms. suff. אֶחָךְ (ʾě·ḥāḵ), fellow Jew, formally, brother (Ezr 7:18+)

אחד (ʾḥd): see 10019

10018 אַחֲוָיָה (ʾǎ·ḥǎwā·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 2555 Str 263; TWOT 2722a—LN 33.218–33.223 a declaring, a telling or explaining (Da 5:12a BDB+, note: other sources give analysis as the active causative afel stem of a v., see 10252)

אַחֲוָיַת (ʾǎ·ḥǎwā·yǎṯ): see 10018

10019 אֲחִידָה (ʾǎḥî·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 2648 Str 280; TWOT 2567—LN 32.19–32.23 riddle (NIV, NRSV, RSV, REB, NEB); enigma (NAB, NJB, NASB, NKJV), (Da 5:12+)

10020 אַחְמְתָא (ʾǎḥ·meṯā(ʾ)): n.pr.loc.—LN 93-place (most versions) Ecbatana, Ecbat’ana (RSV); Achmetha (KJV, NKJV, ASV), (Ezr 6:2+)

אחר (ʾḥr): see 10021

10021 אַחַר (ʾǎ·ḥǎr): prep.; ≡ DBLHebr 339 Str 311; TWOT 2568—1. LN 67.17–67.64 after (this), in the future, hereafter (Da 2:29, 45+); 2. LN 61.1–61.19 after, i.e., next in a succession (Da 7:24+)

10022 אַחֲרִי (ʾǎ·ḥǎrî): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 344 Str 320; TWOT 2568b—1. LN 67.66 (in cs.) the end (of days) (NRSV, REB, NEB, final days NJB); the latter (days) (ASV, NASB, KJV, NKJV, RSV), (Da 2:28+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 67.17–67.64 the days to come (NIV, NAB) (Da 2:28+)

10023 אָחֳרִי (ʾā·ḥǒrî): adj.fem. [see also 10025]; ≡ Str 317; TWOT 2568a—1. LN 58.31–58.35 another, other, usually of the same class or kind (Da 2:39; 7:5, 6, 8, 20+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 58.36–58.46 other, another of a different kind (Da 2:39; 7:5, 6, 8, 20+), note these two entries reflect the choice of DBLGrk 257 and DBLGrk 2283 in the two versions of the LXX in Daniel

אחרין (ʾḥryn): see 10024

10024 אָחֳרֵין (ʾā·ḥǒrên): adv. or adj.masc.; ≡ Str 318; TWOT 2568c—1. LN 61.13–61.18 (most versions) (with) עַד (ʿǎḏ) finally, at last (Da 4:5[EB 4:8]+); 2. LN 58.36–58.46 Q אָחֳרָן (ʾā·ḥǒrān) (or some such with or without the yodh); another, other (NEB), (Da 4:5[EB 4:8]+), see also 10025

אחרן (ʾḥrn): see 10024 (Da 4:5[EB 4:8]+)

10025 אָחֳרָן (ʾā·ḥǒrān): adj.masc. [see also 10023]; ≡ Str 321; TWOT 2568c—LN 58.36–58.46 another, other, someone else (Da 2:11, 44; 3:29; 5:17; 7:24+); see also 10024 last entry

אַחֲרִית (ʾǎ·ḥǎrîṯ): see 10022

10026 אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפַּן (ʾǎḥǎš·dǎr·pǎn): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 346 Str 324; TWOT 2569—LN 37.48–37.95 satrap, a viceroy or governor, having considerable power (Da 3:2, 3, 27; 6:2[EB 1],3[EB 2],4[EB 3],5[EB 4],7[EB 6],8[EB 7]+)

אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנִין (ʾǎḥǎš·dǎr·penîn): see 10026

אֲחֵת (ʾǎḥēṯ): see 10474 (afel imv. masc.sing.)

10027 אִילָן (ʾî·lān): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 461, 471 Str 363; TWOT 2570—LN 3.2–3.12 tree (Da 4:7[EB 10],8[EB 11],11[EB 14],17[EB 20],20[EB 23],23[EB 26]+)

אים (ʾym): see 10028

10028 אֵימְתָן (ʾê·meṯān): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 399 Str 574; TWOT 2571—LN 25.251–25.269 frightful, terrible, causing horror (Da 7:7+)

10029 אִיתַי (ʾî·ṯǎy): pt.; ≡ DBLHebr 3780 Str 383; TWOT 2572—LN 13.69–13.103 there is, there are; a marker of existence (Ezr 4:16; Da 2:10; 3:12; 4:32[EB 35]; 5:11)

אכל (ʾkl): see 10030

10030 אֲכַל (ʾǎḵǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 430 Str 399; TWOT 2573—1. LN 23.1 (peal) eat, general consumption of food (Da 4:30[EB 33]; 7:5+); 2. LN 20.44–20.45 devour, devastate, figurative extension of consumption with the focus on destruction (Da 7:7, 19, 23+); 3. LN 33.426–33.434 אֲכַל קְרַץ (ʾǎḵǎl qerǎṣ) denounce, accuse, formally, to chew to pieces, implying a formal legal charge (Da 3:8; 6:25[EB 24]+), see also 10642

10031 אַל (ʾǎl): adv.; ≡ DBLHebr 440 Str 409; TWOT 2574—LN 69.2–69.16 not; a marker of negation and prohibition (Da 2:24; 4:16[EB 19]; 5:10+)

10032 אֵל (ʾēl): p. (demonstrative pl.); ≡ DBLHebr 447 Str 412; TWOT 2575—LN 92.29–92.36 K אֵלֶּה (ʾēl·lě(h)), see 10034; Q אֵל (ʾēl) these (Ezr 5:15+)

10033 אֱלָהּ (ʾělāh): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 468 Str 426; TWOT 2576—1. LN 12.1 (sing.) God, the true God (Ezr 5:5; Da 3:26, 28b, 29a, 32; 5:18), note: the singular can also refer to a pagan god, context determines who is the referent as in Da 3:29b; 2. LN 12.22–12.27 אֱלָהִין (ʾělā·hîn) (pl.) gods, real or perceived supernatural beings that are not the true God (Jer 10:11; Da 2:11)

10034 אֵלֶּה (ʾēl·lě(h)): p. (demonstrative pl.) [see also 10180]; ≡ DBLHebr 465 Str 429; TWOT 2577—LN 92.29–92.36 these (Ezr 5:15 K; Jer 10:11+)

10035 אֲלוּ (ʾǎlû): inj. [see also parallel form 10067]; ≡ Str 431; TWOT 2578—LN 91.1–91.13 there!, behold!; a discourse marker to introduce description of a vision, implying transition, emphasis, or attention (Da 2:31; 4:7[EB 10],10[EB 13]; 7:8+)

10036 אִלֵּין (ʾil·lên): p. (demonstrative pl.) [see also 10180]; ≡ Str 459; TWOT 2579—LN 92.29–92.36 these (Da 2:40, 44; 6:3[EB 2],7[EB 6]; 7:17+)

10037 אִלֵּךְ (ʾil·lēḵ): p. (demonstrative pl.) [see also 10180]; ≡ Str 479; TWOT 2580—LN 92.29–92.36 these (Ezr 4:21; 5:9; 6:8; Da 3:12, 13, 21, 22, 23, 27; 6:6[EB 5],12[EB 11],16[EB 15],25[EB 24]+)

אִלֵּן (ʾil·lēn): see 10036

10038 אֲלַף (ʾǎlǎp̄): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 547 Str 506; TWOT 2581—1. LN 60.39 (as a cardinal number) a thousand (Da 5:1+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 60.6–60.9 a very, very large number, i.e., a number so large it is practically uncountable (Da 5:1); אֶלֶף אַלְפִין (ʾě·lěp̄ ʾǎl·p̄în) an enormous number, virtually uncountable; formally, thousands upon thousands (Da 7:10+)

10039 אַמָּה (ʾǎm·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 564 Str 521; TWOT 2582—LN 81.25 (pl.) אַמִּין (ʾǎm·mîn) cubit, i.e., a measurement of the distance from the elbow to the end of the fingers of the same hand, usually rendered at about 18 inches or possibly as much as 22 inches, (Ezr 6:3; Da 3:1+), note: most versions render the distance formally as 6 or 60 “cubits;” the NIV renders as ninety or nine “feet.”

10040 אֻמָּה (ʾǔm·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 569 Str 524; TWOT 2583—LN 11.55 nation, a people; a social or ethnic group, divided on the basis of constituting a unique entity (Ezr 4:10; Da 3:4, 7, 29, 31[EB 4:1]; 5:19; 6:26[EB 25]; 7:14+)

אמן (ʾmn): see 10041

10041 אֲמַן (ʾǎmǎn): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 586 Str 540; TWOT 2584—LN 31.82–31.101 (hafel) trust, believe in, depend on (Da 6:24[EB 23]+); (hafel pass. ptcp.) be trustworthy, reliable, dependable (Da 2:45; 6:5[EB 4],+)

אמר (ʾmr): see 10042

10042 אֲמַר (ʾǎmǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 606 Str 560; TWOT 2585—1. LN 33.69 (peal) say, tell; usually with the semantic focus on the content which follows (Ezr 5:3; Da 3:29), note: in some contexts this word may only be the marker of the discourse to follow, without semantic content (Ezr 5:11), sometimes redundant to English style (Da 2:5, 7, 8); 2. LN 33.323–33.332 command, order, authorize (Da 2:12, 46; 3:4; 5:29; 6:17a[EB 16a],24[EB 23], 25[EB 24]+)

10043 אִמַּר (ʾim·mǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 563; TWOT 2585?—LN 4.19–4.28 (pl.) ־ִין (i-yn) male lamb, young ram; of great value for future procreation in the flock, used for sacrifice (Ezr 6:9, 17; 7:17+)

אֶמְתָנִי (ʾěm·ṯā·nî): see 10028

אֲנָא (ʾǎnā(ʾ)): see 10044 an alternate spelling in some Hebrew editions, noted in BDB (Da 2:8; Ezr 6:12; 7:21)

אִנְבֵּהּ (ʾin·bēh): see 10004 + 10192

אִנְדַּע (ʾin·dǎʿ): see 10313 (peal impf. 1cs., Da 2:9+)

10044 אֲנָה (ʾǎnā(h)): p. (1cs.); ≡ DBLHebr 638 Str 576; TWOT 2586—LN 92.1 I (Ezr 6:12; 7:21; Da 2:8, 23, 30; 3:25; 4:1[EB 4],4[EB 7],6[EB 9],15[EB 18],27[EB 30],31[EB 34],34[EB 37]; 5:16; 7:15, 28+)

10045 אִנּוּן (ʾin·nûn): p. (3mp.); ≡ Str 581; TWOT 2587—1. LN 92.11–92.25 (personal) they, an informal marker to join words or clauses (Ezr 5:4; Da 7:17 אִנִּין (ʾin·nîn)) note: the translator can use the English copulative “is” or “are” or some such unit of connection; 2. LN 92.30 (demonstrative) those (Da 2:44+); 3. LN 92.27–92.28 those, i.e., those men referenced above; a marker of relative reference to an entity, note: called acc. in Holladay, BDB, KB (Da 6:25[EB 24]+)

10046 אֱנוֹשׁ (ʾěnôš): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 632—see 10050 K of (Da 4:13[EB 16],14a[EB 17]+)

10047 אֲנַחְנָא (ʾǎnǎḥ·nā(ʾ)): p. (personal 1cp.); ≡ DBLHebr 636 Str 586; TWOT 2588—LN 92.4 (as subject) we (Ezr 4:16; 5:11; Da 3:16, 17+), with some emphasis when appended to a v.

אֲנַחְנָה (ʾǎnǎḥ·nā(h)): p. (1cp.)—see 10047 (Ezr 4:16; Da 3:16+)

אִנִּין (ʾin·nîn): p.fem.—see 10045 (Da 7:17)

אנס (ʾns): see 10048

10048 אֲנַס (ʾǎnǎs): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 646 Str 598; TWOT 2589—LN 33.145–33.155 (peal ptcp.) be (too) difficult to interpret (NIV, RSV, NRSV, NAB), trouble (ASV, KJV, NKJV) to put at a loss (NJB), baffle (NASB, REB, NEB), (Da 4:6[EB 9]+), note: formally, oppress, distress

10049 אֲנַף (ʾǎnǎp̄): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 647, 678 Str 600; TWOT 2590—1. LN 8.18 face, a body part (Da 2:46+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 17.21–17.22 prostration, formally, to fall on the face, as an act. of respect or honor (Da 2:46+); 3. LN 88.160–88.166 צְלֵם אֲנַף (ṣelēm ʾǎnǎp̄) hostile attitude, formally, the image of the face, with the focus on anger (Da 3:19+), for another interp, see next; 4. LN 30 opinion, attitude, with the focus on the thought process (Da 3:19+)

10050 אֱנָשׁ (ʾěnāš): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 632 Str 606; TWOT 2591—1. LN 9.1–9.23 humankind, man, as contrasted with animal or god (Da 4:14[EB 17]; 4:22, 29; 5:5, 21a; 6:13[EB 12]); 2. LN 11.55 a people, nation; an ethnic or social group (Ezr 4:11); 3. LN 92.12 כָל־אֱנָשׁ (ḵāl-·ʾěnāš) anyone, everyone, a certain one, someone; functioning as an indefinite p. (Ezr 6:11; Da 3:10; 5:7; 6:13a[EB 12]+); 4. LN 9.1 a person, an individual; without reference to male or female (Da 7:4,8, 13+); 5. LN 9.2 בְּנֵי־אֲנָשׁ (benê-·ʾǎnāš) people, formally, sons of men (Da 3:28; 5:21+); 6. LN 9.3–9.4 son of man (RSV, NIV, ASV, NAB with ftn., NJB, ); possibly a title with messianic implications (Da 7:13+), note: human being (NRSV, REB), man (NEB); the Son of Man (NASB, KJV, NKJV)

10051 אַנְתְּ (ʾǎnt): p. (personal 2ms.); ≡ DBLHebr 911—LN 92.6 Q you (Ezr 7:25; Da 2:29; 3:10; 4:15; 5:13; 6:17[EB 16])

אנתה (ʾnth): see 10052

10052 אַנְתָּה (ʾǎn·tā(h)): p. (personal 2ms.); ≡ DBLHebr 911—see 10051 K sing. you

10053 אַנְתּוּן (ʾǎn·tûn): p. (personal 2mp.); ≡ DBLHebr 917 Str 608; TWOT 2593—LN 92.7 you (all), (Da 2:8+)

10054 אֱסוּר (ʾěsûr): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 657 Str 613; TWOT 2595a—1. LN 6.14–6.22 band, hoop of metal around a tree base for constriction (Da 4:12[EB 15],20[EB 23]+), related in some way as the figurative extension of the restoration of the kingdom, note: the metal bands are variously interpreted; 2. LN 37.114–37.118 (pl.) imprisonment, formally, bonds or fetters (Ezr 7:26+)

10055 אָסְנַפַּר (ʾās·nǎp·pǎr): n.pr.masc.—LN 93-person Ashurbanipal (NIV, NAB, NJB), (most versions) Osnappar; Osnapper (NKJV); Asnappar (KJV, NEB, REB), (Ezr 4:10+)

10056 אָסְפַּרְנָא (ʾās·pǎr·nā(ʾ)): adv.; ≡ Str 629; TWOT 2594—1. LN 68.11–68.21 with diligence, eagerly (Ezr 5:8; 6:,12, 13; 7:17, 21+); 2. LN 78.44–78.50 fully, completely, with an exact amount (Ezr 6:8+); 3. LN 70 surely, really, with certainty (Ezr 7:26+)

אסר (ʾsr): see 10054, 10057

10057 אֱסָר (ʾěsār): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 674 Str 633; TWOT 2595b—LN 33.333–33.342 decree, a law with sanctions; a legally binding prohibition, i.e., an interdict; apparently either spoken or written (Da 6:8[EB 7],9[EB 8],10[EB 9],13[EB 12],14[EB 13],16[EB 15]+)

10058 אָע (ʾāʿ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 6770 Str 636; TWOT 2596—1. LN 3.60–3.67 wood, one of many substances of which images are made (Da 5:4, 23+); 2. LN 7.77–7.79 timber, beam of wood for construction (Ezr 5:8; 6:4, 11+); 3. LN 6.26–6.28 execution pole, beam of wood for impaling (most versions); or some kind crucifixion by fastening (KJV, NKJV, ASV, NEB, REB), (Ezr 6:11+)

10059 אַף (ʾǎp̄): c.; ≡ DBLHebr 677 Str 638; TWOT 2597—LN 89.92–89.104 also, even also, and also, furthermore; a marker of a coordinate with an additive relation (Ezr 5:10, 14; 6:5; Da 6:23[EB 22]+)

אַף (ʾǎp̄): n.masc.—see 10049

10060 אֲפָרְסָי (ʾǎp̄ār·sāy): n.pr.pl.g or title; ≡ DBLHebr 7273, 7275 Str 670; TWOT 2598—1. LN 93-place a Persian, one from Persia (NIV, RSV, NRSV, NKJV, NAB, NJB); the Apharsites (KJV, ASV); (Ezr 4:9+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 chief officer, a high official secretary (NEB, REB, NASB), note: see note c. of BHS, (Ezr 4:9+)

אֲפָרְסָיֵא (ʾǎp̄ār·sā·yē(ʾ)): see 10060

10061 אֲפַרְסְכָי (ʾǎp̄ǎr·seḵāy): n.pr.pl.g or title [see also 10062]—1. LN 93-place Apharsachites (ASV, KJV); the Persians (NKJV), (Ezr 5:6; 6:6+); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 officials as a title (NIV, NASB, NJB, NAB); inspectors (NEB, REB), (Ezr 5:6; 6:6+)

אֲפָרְסְכָיֵא (ʾǎp̄ār·seḵā·yē(ʾ)): see 10061

10062 אֲפַרְסַתְכָי (ʾǎp̄ǎr·sǎṯ·ḵāy): n.pr.pl.g or title [see also 10061]—1. LN 93-place Apharsathchites (KJV, NKJV, ASV), (Ezr 4:9+); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 (most versions:) officials; a title of some sort, variously interpreted: legate (NJB), commissioners (NEB, REB), envoys (NRSV), governors (RSV), (Ezr 4:9+)

אֲפָרְסַתְּכָיֵא (ʾǎp̄ār·sǎt·teḵā·yē(ʾ)): n.pl. + det.—see 10062

אַפְּתוֹם (ʾǎp·peṯôm): see 10063

10063 אַפְּתֹם (ʾǎp·peṯōm): n.[masc.?] or adv.; ≡ Str 674; TWOT 2601—1. LN 57.36 (royal) revenue, i.e., the treasury of the king (Ezr 4:13+), for another interp, see next two entries; 2. LN 61.13–61.14 (adv.) in the end, eventually, finally; the last in a series (Ezr 4:13+); 3. LN 71.14–71.20 for sure, positively, without a doubt (Ezr 4:13+)

10064 אֶצְבַּע (ʾěṣ·bǎʿ): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 720 Str 677; TWOT 2602—1. LN 8.49 toe, a digit of the human foot (Da 2:41, 42+); 2. LN 8.34 finger, a digit of the human hand (Da 5:5)

10065 אַרְבַּע (ʾǎr·bǎʿ): n.masc. and fem. [Da 3:25; 7:6, 17+]; ≡ DBLHebr 752 Str 703; TWOT 2986a—LN 60.13 four, (Ezr 6:17; Da 3:25; 7:2, 3, 6,17+), note: the gender is not in concord with the associated words

אַרְבְּעָה (ʾǎr·beʿā(h)): see 10065

10066 אַרְגְּוָן (ʾǎr·gewān): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 763 Str 711; TWOT 2603—1. LN 6.169 purple cloth; of a deep reddish-purple color (Da 5:7, 16, 29+), for another focus, see next; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 הַלְבִּישׁוּ (לְ־) אַרְגְּוָן (hǎl·bî·šû (l-) ʾǎr·gewān) rule as a high official (Da 5:7, 16, 29+)

10067 אֲרוּ (ʾǎrû): inj. [see also 10035]; ≡ Str 718; TWOT 2604—LN 91.1–91.13 there!, behold!; a discourse marker to introduce description of a vision, implying transition, emphasis, or attention (Da 7:2, 5, 6, 7, 13+)

10068 אֲרַח (ʾǎrǎḥ): n.[fem.?]; ≡ DBLHebr 784 Str 735; TWOT 2605—1. LN 1.99–1.105 path, way, for another interp, see next; 2. LN 41.29–41.43 conduct of life, way of living, or existing, or conducting affairs; a figurative extension prior entry (Da 4:34[EB 37]; 5:23+)

אֹרַח (ʾō·rǎḥ): see 10068

10069 אַרְיֵה (ʾǎr·yē(h)): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 793—LN 4.14 lion, a fierce, powerful animal (Da 6:8[EB 7],13[EB 12],17[EB 16],20[EB 19],21[EB 20],23[EB 22],25[EB 24],28[EB 27]; 7:4+)

10070 אַרְיוֹךְ (ʾǎr·yôḵ): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 796—LN 93-person Arioch (Da 2:14, 15,24, 25+)

10071 אֲרִיךְ (ʾǎrîḵ): adj.; ≡ Str 749; TWOT 2607—LN 66.1–66.12 proper, fitting, becoming (Ezr 4:14+)

אַרִיךְ (ʾǎ·rîḵ): see 10071

ארךְ (ʾrk): see 10071, 10073

10072 אַרְכֻבָּה (ʾǎr·ḵǔb·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 1386 Str 755; TWOT 2608—1. LN 8.47 knee, a part of the human body (Da 5:6+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 25.251–25.269 fright, formally, the knocking together of the knees (Da 5:6+)

אַרְכֻבָּתֵהּ (ʾǎr·ḵǔb·bā·ṯēh): see 10072

10073 אַרְכָה (ʾǎr·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 799 Str 754; TWOT 2609—LN 67.118–67.135 continuing, prolongation of time (Da 4:24[EB 27]; 7:12+)

10074 אַרְכְּוָי (ʾǎr·kewāy): n.pr.g; ≡ DBLHebr 804—LN 93-place (most versions) people of Erech, Archevites (ASV, KJV); people of Uruk (NAB, NJB the Babylonian name), near the modern city of Warks, Iraq, south of Baghdad (Ezr 4:9+)

אַרְכְּוָיֵ (ʾǎr·kewā·yē): see 10074

אַרְכְּוָיֵא (ʾǎr·kewā·yē(ʾ)): see 10074 the Q of Ezr 4:9+

10075 אֲרַע (ʾǎrǎʿ): n.[fem.]; ≡ DBLHebr 824 Str 772; TWOT 2610—1. LN 1.39 earth, the world; the dwelling place of humankind Jer 10:11; Da 2:35, 39b; 3:31[EB 4:1]; 4:7[EB 10],8[EB 11],19[EB 22],; 2. LN 2.14 ground, dirt, soil, land (Da 4:12a[EB 15],20[EB 23; 7:4]+); 3. LN 1.79 nation, land of a socio-political group (Da 6:26[EB 25]+); 4. LN 1.3 the universe, all creation (Ezr 5:11; Da 6:28[EB 27]+); 5. LN 87.1–87.75 inferior, i.e., lower in power or status (Da 2:39+)

10076 אַרְעִי (ʾǎr·ʿî): n.fem.; ≡ Str 773; TWOT 2611—LN 7 floor, bottom of a pit or den holding lions (Da 6:25[EB 24]+)

ארק (ʾrq): see 10077

10077 אֲרַק (ʾǎrǎq): n.[fem.]; ≡ DBLHebr 824 Str 778; TWOT 2612—see 10075 the earth (Jer 10:11+)

אַרְתַּחְשַׁסְתְּא (ʾǎr·tǎḥ·šǎste(ʾ)): see 10078 (Ezr 4:23; 7:12, 21+)

10078 אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּ (ʾǎr·tǎḥ·šǎśt): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 831—LN 93-person Artaxerxes (the Q in Ezr 4:8, 11, 23; 6:14; 7:12, 21+)

אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא (ʾǎr·tǎḥ·šǎśte(ʾ)): see 10078 (Ezr 4:8, 11; 6:14+)

10079 אֹשׁ (ʾōš): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 9268 Str 787; TWOT 2613—LN 7.41 foundation, that upon which a structure is built (Ezr 4:12; 5:16; 6:3+), note: possibly repoint 6:3 to 10080, as per LXX, see also 10080, 10308, 10443, 10502

10080 אֶשָּׁא (ʾěš·šā(ʾ)): n.[fem.]; ≡ DBLHebr 836, 852 Str 785; TWOT 2614—1. LN 2.3–2.6 fire, a heap of burning material (Da 7:11+); 2. LN 53.16–53.27 offering by fire (Ezr 6:3cj.+), see also 10079, 10308, 10351, 10443, 10502

אֻשּׁהִי (ʾǔš·šhî): n.masc. + 3ms.suff.—see 10079 + 10204 (Ezr 6:3+)

אֻשַּׁיָּא (ʾǔš·šǎy·yā(ʾ)): n.masc. + det.—see 10079 + 10002 (Ezr 4:12; 5:16+)

10081 אָשַׁף (ʾā·šǎp̄): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 879 Str 826; TWOT 2615—LN 53.96–53.101 enchanter, conjurer, sorcerer, exorcist (NEB, REB); as a class people (Da 2:10, 27; 4:4[EB 7]; 5:7, 11, 15+)

אשׁרן (ʾšrn): see 10082 an alternate lexical form in Holladay, KB

10082 אֻשַּׁרְנָא (ʾǔš·šǎr·nā(ʾ)): n.masc. + det.?; ≡ Str 846; TWOT 2616—1. LN 7.1–7.25 (wooden) structure (Ezr 5:3, 9+), note: for another interp, see below; 2. LN 7.59–7.62 wall; 3. LN 7.77–7.79 timber beams; 4. LN 7.26–7.53 paneling of a wall; 5. LN 7.51 roof scaffolding

10083 אֶשְׁתַּדּוּר (ʾěš·tǎd·dûr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 849; TWOT 3021a—LN 39.34–39.41 rebellion, sedition, revolt of a political or military sort (Ezr 4:15, 19+)

אִשְׁתִּיו (ʾiš·tîw): (peal pf.3mp.), with IalephD prefix—see 10748

10084 אָת (ʾāṯ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 253 Str 852; TWOT 2617—LN 33.477 miraculous sign (Da 3:32[EB 4:2],33[EB 4:3]; 6:28[EB 27]+), see also 10763

אֲתָא (ʾǎṯā(ʾ)): see 10085

אתה (ʾth): see 10085

10085 אֲתָה (ʾǎṯā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 910 Str 858; TWOT 2618—1. LN 15.1–15.17 (peal) come/go (Ezr 5:3; 5:16; Da 3:2, 26+); 2. LN 15.18–15.26 (peal) travel, go on a journey (Ezr 4:12+); 3. LN 15.81–15.87 come, arrive; with eschatological implications (Da 7:13, 22+); 4. LN 15.187–15.211 (hafel) bring, carry things or persons (Da 3:13; 5:2, 3, 13, 23; 6:17[EB 16], 25[EB 24]+ (hafel pass.) be brought (Da 3:13; 6:18[EB 17]+)

10086 אַתּוּן (ʾǎt·tûn): n.masc. [BDB: possibly fem. at Da 3:26]; ≡ Str 861; TWOT 2619—LN 7.73 (large) furnace (Da 3:6, 11, 15, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 26+)

אִתַי (ʾi·ṯǎy): see 10029

10087 אֲתַר (ʾǎṯǎr): n.masc. [see also 10092]; ≡ DBLHebr 889—1. LN 80.1–80.4 site, place (Ezr 5:15; 6:3, 5, 7+); 2. not referenced to a trace (Da 2:35+)

אַתַּרוּ (ʾǎt·tǎ·rû): see 10499 (afel imv. masc.pl.)

ב

10088 ב (b): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 927—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

10089 בְּ־ (b): prep.; ≡ DBLHebr 928; TWOT 2621—1. LN 83.13 (used ca 225xs) in, inside, within; a marker of a location, usually without any connoting of motion (Ezr 4:10, 16, 17, 24; 5:1; Da 2:28, 38; 3:1, 30, 31; 4:1[EB 4],5[EB 8]); 2. LN 83.9 among; a marker showing location among other persons or objects (Da 4:12b); 3. LN 83.47 on, upon; a marker to show the location on the surface of an area (Ezr 6:2; Da 3:1; 5:27; 7:20 ); 4. LN 13.8 in, with; a marker to show a state or condition (Ezr 6:16; Da 3:13b, 24; 4:34[EB 37]); 5. LN 84.22 into; a marker to show extension toward an object or goal (Ezr 5:15a; Da 6:11); 6. LN 89.123 with; a marker to show a combinative relation (Da 2:41, 43); 7. LN 90.10 with, by; a marker to show an instrument (Da 4:12a, 20; 6:18a, b); 8. LN 89.84 with; a manner in which an event occurs (Da 3:4; 6:17); 9. LN 89.5 with regard to, in the case of, in, about; a marker of an area of activity that has a relation to something else, showing specificity (Ezr 7:14); 10. LN 89.76 by, by means of, through; a marker of means (Ezr 4:23; Da 2:34, 45; 4:24[EB 27],27[EB 30]); 11. LN 89.26 because; a marker of cause or reason (Da 2:30)

10090 בִּאישׁ (bi(ʾ)yš): adj.; ≡ Str 873; TWOT 2622a—LN 88.289–88.318 wicked, evil, bad (Ezr 4:12+)

באשׁ (bʾš) or בּאשׁ (bʾš): see 10091

10091 בְּאֵשׁ (beʾēš): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 944, 8317 Str 888; TWOT 2622—1. LN 25.223–25.250 (peal pf. 3ms.) be distressed (NIV, RSV, NRSV, NASB, NEB, REB, NJB), grieved (NAB), (Da 6:15[EB 14]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 88.171–88.191 (peal) be displeased, formally, it was bad to him, implying some degree of anger or indignation (ASV, KJV, NKJV, BDB, KB (English), Holladay) (Da 6:15[EB 14]+)

10092 בָּאתַר (bā(ʾ)·ṯǎr): prep. [BDB: בְּ־ (b) + אתַר ( ʾṯǎr) prep. + n.masc.] [see also 10087]—LN 67.17–67.64 after; a marker of one point in time related to another (Da 2:39; 7:6, 7+)

10093 בָּבֶל (bā·ḇěl): n.pr.loc.; ≡ DBLHebr 951 Str 895; TWOT 197—LN 93-place Babylon (Ezr 5:12; 6:1; 7:16; Da 2:12; 3:1; 4:3; 5:7; 7:1)

10094 בָּבְלִי (bāḇ·lî): a.pr.g—LN 93-place Babylonian, one from Babylon (Ezr 4:9+)

בָּבְלַי (bāḇ·lǎy): see 10094

בדר (bdr) or בּדר (bdr): see 10095

10095 בְּדַר (beḏǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1029, 7061 Str 921; TWOT 2623—LN 15.135–15.140 (pael imv. pl.) scatter disperse the fruit (Da 4:11[EB 14]+)

10096 בְּהִילוּ (behî·lû): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 988 Str 924; TWOT 2624a—1. LN 68.79–68.82 (with) בְּ־ (b), (most versions) in a hurry, in haste, implying energy and vigor, (Ezr 4:23+); 2. LN 67.53 at once, (REB), immediately (NIV), with the semantic focus on the relational point in time (Ezr 4:23+)

בהל (bhl) or בּהל (bhl): see 10097

10097 בְּהַל (behǎl): v. [see also 10218]; ≡ DBLHebr 987—1. LN 25.251–25.269 (pael) frighten, trouble; in context to various degrees, from alarm to terror (Da 4:2[EB 5],16[EB 19]; 5:6, 10; 7:15, 28+); (hitpeel) Da 3:24+; 2. LN 68.79–68.82 (hitpeel inf.) with בְּ־ (b) hurry, with the semantic focus on haste with vigor and energy (Da 2:25; 6:20[EB 19]+), for another interp, see next; 3. LN 67.53 immediately, at once; with the semantic focus on the relational point in time (Da 2:25; 6:20[EB 19]+); 4. LN 25.251–25.269 (hitpaal ptcp.) be frightened, be terrified (Da 5:9+)

בטל (bṭl) or בּטל (bṭl): see 10098

10098 בְּטַל (beṭǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1060 Str 989; TWOT 2625—1. LN 68.34–68.57 (peal) stop, cease (intrans.) come to a standstill, be discontinued (Ezr 4:24+); 2. LN 13.104–13.163 (pael) stop, cease, implying a hinderance to others (Ezr 4:21, 23; 5:5; 6:8+)

בְּטֵל (beṭēl): see 10098

בין (byn): see 10099, 10100

10099 בֵּין (bên): prep.; ≡ DBLHebr 1068 Str 997; TWOT 2626—1. LN 83.9–83.17 between two spatial objects, i.e., in the grip of teeth (Da 7:5+); 2. LN 83.10 among, in the midst; in the middle of an area (Da 7:8+)

10100 בִּינָה (bî·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 1069 Str 999; TWOT 2627—LN 32.24–32.41 discernment, insight, understanding (Da 2:21+)

10101 בִּירָה (bî·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 1072 Str 1001; TWOT 2628—LN 7.21 citadel, fortress (Ezr 6:2+)

בִּירְתָא (bî·reṯā(ʾ)): n.fem. + det.—see 10101

בית (byt) or בּית (byt): see 10102, see also 10103

10102 בִּית (bîṯ): v.; ≡ Str 956; TWOT 2629—LN 67.191–67.194 (peal) spend the night, pass. the evening in one’s house (Da 6:19[EB 18]+)

10103 בַּיִת (bǎ·yiṯ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1074 Str 1005; TWOT 2629a—1. LN 7.2–7.3 house, home, residence (Ezr 6:11; Da 2:5, 17; 3:29; 6:11[EB 10]+); 2. LN 7.15–7.19 temple, of the true God (Ezr 4:24); or pagan god (Da 5:23); 3. LN 7.5 royal house, palace, treasury (Da 4:1[EB 4],27[EB 30]; Ezr 6:4+); 4. LN 7 banquet hall, place for feasts (Da 5:10+); 5. LN 7.2–7.3 בֵּית־ (bêṯ-) the building of …, the place of … (Ezr 5:17; 6:1; 7:20)

10104 בָּל (bāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1079; TWOT 2630—1. LN 26 heart, mind; the psychological faculty with emphasis on thought (Da 6:15[EB 14]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 30.75–30.85 determine, make up the mind, formally, to place upon the heart (Da 6:15[EB 14]+)

10105 בֵּלְאשַׁצַּר (bēle(ʾ)šǎṣ·ṣǎr): n.pr.masc. [see also 10109]; ≡ DBLHebr 1157—LN 93-person Belshazzar (Da 5:30; 7:1+)

בּלא (blʾ) or בְּלָא (belā(ʾ)): see 10106 (Da 7:25+)

בלה (blh) or בּלה (blh): see 10106

10106 בְּלָה (belā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1162 Str 1080; TWOT 2631—1. LN 25.288–25.296 (pael) wear down, wear out, cause a wasting away (most versions), (Da 7:25+), with the focus on the object, for another interp, see next; 2. LN 39.45–39.46 (pael) oppress (NIV, NAB), persecute (NASB), torment (NJB), (Da 7:25+)

10107 בְּלוֹ (belô): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1093; TWOT 2632—LN 57.178–57.185 tribute, duty, tax (Ezr 4:13, 20; 7:24+)

10108 בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר (bēl·ṭešǎ(ʾ)ṣ·ṣǎr): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1171—LN 93-person Belteshazzar (Da 2:26; 4:5[EB 8],6[EB 9],15[EB 18],16[EB 19]; 5:12+)

10109 בֵּלְשַׁאצַּר (bē·lešǎ(ʾ)ṣ·ṣǎr): n.pr.masc. [see also 10105]; ≡ DBLHebr 1157—LN 93-person Belshazzar (Da 5:1, 2, 9, 22, 29+)

בֵּלְשׁאַצַּר (bēleš·ʾǎṣ·ṣǎr): see 10109

10110 בֵּן (bēn): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1201 Str 1123; TWOT 2639—see 10120 a possible lexical form based on the inflected form in the pl. (Ezr 6:9, 10, 16, 16; 7:23; Da 2:25, 38; 5:13, 21; 6:14[EB 13],25[EB 24]+)

בְּנָא (benā(ʾ)): see 10111

בנה (bnh) or בּנה (bnh): see 10111

10111 בְּנָה (benā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1215 Str 1124; TWOT 2633—LN 45.1–45.12 (peal) build, construct, rebuild, always of material buildings (Ezr 4:12); (peal pass.) be built (Ezr 5:11+); (hitpeel) be built, be constructed, be rebuilt (Ezr 4:13, 16, 21; 5:8, 15, 16; 6:3+)

10112 בִּנְיָן (bin·yān): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 1230 Str 1147; TWOT 2633a—LN 7.2–7.25 a building (Ezr 5:4+)

בְּנִין (benîn): n.masc.pl.—see 10120

בנס (bns) or בּנס (bns): see 10113

10113 בְּנַס (benǎs): v.; ≡ Str 1149; TWOT 2634—LN 88.171–88.191 (peal pf.) become or be angry (Da 2:12+), see also 10633

בְּעָא (beʿā(ʾ)): see 10114

בעה (bʿh) or בּעה (bʿh): see 10114

10114 בְּעָה (beʿā(h)): v. usually peal; ≡ DBLHebr 1239 Str 1156; TWOT 2635—1. LN 33.161–33.177 ask for, request (Da 2:16; 2:49; 7:16+); 2. LN 27.34–27.47 seek, look for, try to find (Da 2:13; 4:33 (pael)+), for another interp, see next; 3. LN 21 run the risk of, be close to the point of (death), (Da 2:13+); 4. LN 68.58–68.62 attempt, try to do (Da 6:5[EB 4]); 5. LN 33.178–33.179 pray for, plead for, request of God or gods (Da 2:18, 23; 6:8[EB 7],12[EB 11],13[EB 12],14[EB 13]+)

10115 בָּעוּ (bā·ʿû): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1159; TWOT 2635a—1. LN 33.178–33.179 prayer, petition, request to deity (Da 6:8[EB 7],14[EB 13]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.161–33.177 request to a human (Da 6:8[EB 7]+)

בעל (bʿl): see 10116

10116 בְּעֵל (beʿēl): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1251 Str 1169; TWOT 2636—LN 37.48–37.95 בְּעֵל־טְעֵם (beʿēl-·ṭeʿēm) commanding civil officer, a high government official; with the focus on the authority and position, formally, lord of the decree (Ezr 4:8, 9, 17+)

בקע (bqʿ): see 10117

בִּקְעָא (biq·ʿā(ʾ)): see 10117

10117 בִּקְעָה (biq·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 1326 Str 1236; TWOT 2637—LN 1.51–1.59 plain, a broad valley (Da 3:1+)

בקר (bqr) or בּקר (bqr): see 10118

10118 בְּקַר (beqǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1329 Str 1240; TWOT 2638—LN 27.34–27.47 (pael) make a search, do research, make an inquiry (Ezr 4:15, 19; 6:1; 7:14+); (hitpaal) let a search be made (Ezr 5:17+)

בַּר (bǎr)[1] KB, Holladay: see 10119

בַּר (bǎr)[2] KB, Holladay: see 10120

10119 בַּר (bǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 1340 Str 1251; TWOT 2640—1. LN 1.95–1.98 open field, not in the populated areas (Da 4:12, 20a[EB 23a]+); 2. LN 4.3 wild, not domesticated animals (Da 2:38; 4:9[EB 12],18[EB 21],20b[EB 23b],22[EB 25],29[EB 32]+)

10120 בַּר (bǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1201, 1337 Str 1247; TWOT 2639—1. LN 10.42 son, one’s own male child (Ezr 5:2; 6:10; 7:23+); 2. LN 10.30 descendant (Ezr 5:1; 6:14+); 3. LN 9.46–9.48 child, a term of intimacy and personal knowledge (Da 5:22+); 4. LN 10.36 child, offspring; either male or female (Da 6:25+); 5. LN 9.3–9.4 son of man or Son of Man (Da 7:13+), see 10050; 6. LN 9.4 person of …, formally, son of …; this is an idiom referring to a class or kind (Ezr 6:16b; Da 2:25, 38; 5:13, 21; 6:14[EB 13]+); 7. LN 11.58 the people of Israel (Ezr 6:16a+); 8. LN 12.28 a son of the gods, an angel of God (Da 3:25+); 9. LN 67 of the age of, formally, a son of (62 years), (Da 6:1+); 10. LN 4 immature animal, the young (Ezr 6:9+)

בּרךְ (brk)[1] KB, Holladay: see 10121

10121 בְּרַךְ (berǎḵ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1384—1. LN 17.19 (peal) kneel down (Da 6:11[EB 10]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 53.53–53.64 בְּרַךְ עַל־בְּרֵךְ (berǎḵ ʿǎl-·berēḵ) worship, formally, to kneel on the knees (Da 6:11[EB 10]+)

בּרךְ (brk)[2] KB, Holladay: see 10122

10122 בְּרַךְ (berǎḵ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1385—LN 33.354–33.364 (peal pass. ptcp.) be praised (Da 3:28+); (pael) praise (Da 2:19; 4:31[EB 34]+); (pael pass. ptcp.) be praised (Da 2:20+)

בְּרַךְ (berǎḵ): n.[fem.]—see 10123

10123 בְּרֵךְ (berēḵ): n.[fem.]; ≡ DBLHebr 1386 Str 1291; TWOT 2641a—1. LN 8.47 pl. + 3ms. suff. knees, the part of the human body (Da 6:11[EB 10]+); 2. LN 53.53–53.64 worship, see 10121 last

10124 בְּרַם (berǎm): adv.; ≡ Str 1297; TWOT 2642—LN 89.124–89.138 but, yet, however, nevertheless; a marker with adversative or contrastive force (Ezr 5:13; Da 2:28; 4:12[EB 15],20[EB 23]; 5:17+)

10125 בְּשַׂר (beśǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1414 Str 1321; TWOT 2643—1. LN 5.14 meat, food consisting of flesh (Da 7:5+); 2. LN 9.8–9.15 humans, people with corporeality, as opposed to ethereal gods (Da 2:11+); 3. LN 4.1–4.37 כָּל־בְּשַׂר (kāl-·beśǎr) (every) creature, in context, every animal (Da 4:9[EB 12]+)

10126 בַּת (bǎṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 1427 Str 1325; TWOT 2644—LN 81.20 bath (a liquid measure of volume) (Ezr 7:22+)

בָּת (bāṯ): see 10102 (peal pf. 3ms.)

בָּתַר (bā·ṯǎr): see 10092 (Da 3:29+)

ג

10127 ג (g): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 1446—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

גאה (gʾh): see 10136

10128 גַּב (gǎḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 1461 Str 1355; TWOT 2645—1. LN 8.40 the back in context, a body part of an animal (Da 7:6+); 2. LN 8.41 the side, of an animal (Da 7:6+), note: Q, delete the yodh in the K

10129 גֹּב (gōḇ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1463—LN 1.51–1.59 (lion) pit, excavated hole, den (Da 6:8[EB 7],13[EB 12],17[EB 16],18[EB 17],20[EB 19],21[EB 20],24[EB 23],25[EB 24]+)

10130 גְּבוּרָה (geḇû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 1476 Str 1370; TWOT 2647b—LN 74 power, might, strength (Da 2:20, 23+)

גבר (gbr): see 10130, 10131, 10132

10131 גְּבַר (geḇǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1505 Str 1400; TWOT 2647a—1. LN 9.24–9.33 man, human adult male (pl.) גֻּבְרִין (gǔḇ·rîn) men, group of men (Da 2:25; 3:24; 5:11); 2. LN 92.11–92.25 certain ones, some; functioning as an indefinite p. (Da 3:8, 12, 20)

10132 גִּבַּר (gib·bǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1475 Str 1401; TWOT 2647b—LN 55.14–55.22 strong man, mighty or brave warrior, i.e., an elite military soldier (Da 3:20+)

גִּבָּר (gib·bār): see 10132

10133 גְּדָבַר (geḏā·ḇǎr): n.masc. (always with pl.det.); ≡ DBLHebr 1601 Str 1411; TWOT 2653—LN 37.48–37.95 treasurer, one in charge of the finances (Da 3:2, 3+), see also 10139

גְּדָבְרַיָּא (geḏāḇ·rǎy·yā(ʾ)): n.masc.pl. + det.—see 10133

גדד (gdd) or גּדד (gdd): see 10134

10134 גְּדַד (geḏǎḏ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1517 Str 1414; TWOT 2649—LN 19.14–19.26 (peal) cut down a tree (Da 4:11[EB 14],20[EB 23]+)

גדף (gdp): see 10149

10135 גַּו (gǎw): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1569 Str 1459; TWOT 2650—1. LN 83.9 with בְּ־ (b) middle, in, in the midst of, inside (Ezr 4:15; 5:7; Da 3:25; 4:7[EB 10]; 7:15+); 2. LN 83.46–83.47 with בְּ־ (b) on, upon; a position on the surface of an area (Ezr 5:7; 6:2+); 3. LN 84.16–84.28 with לְ־ (l) into; a marker of an extension to a goal (Da 3:6, 11, 15, 21, 23, 24+); 4. LN 84.1–84.15 with מִן־ (min-) out of; extension from a source (Da 3:26+)

גּוֹ (gô) or גּוֹא (gô(ʾ)): see 10135 an alternate lexical form based in the inflected form

גּוֹב (gôḇ): see 10129

10136 גֵּוָה (gē·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 1575—LN 88.206–88.222 pride, arrogance (Da 4:34[EB 37]+)

גוח (gwḥ) or גּוח (gwḥ): see 10137

10137 גּוּחַ (gûaḥ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1631 Str 1519; TWOT 345—LN 14.4–14.9 (hafel ptcp. pl.fem.) churn up, stir up the sea in a wind storm (Da 7:2+)

10138 גּוֹן (gôn): prep.—LN 89.15–89.38 בְּגִין דְּנָה (beḡîn denā(h)) on account of (this) (Da 7:15cj+), see also 10464

10139 גִּזְבַּר (giz·bǎr): n.masc. [see 10133]; ≡ DBLHebr 1601 Str 1490; TWOT 2653—LN 37.48–37.95 treasurer (Ezr 7:21+)

גִּזְבָּר (giz·bār): see 10139

גזר (gzr) or גּזר (gzr): see 10140

10140 גְּזַר (gezǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1615 Str 1505; TWOT 2654—1. LN 33.281–33.285 (peal pl. ptcp. as subst.) diviner, one who practices instrumental divination, i.e., one who determines future events through omens, such as the movement of the stars (astrologer), or through interpreting a liver’s fissures and orifices (Da 2:27; 4:4[EB 7]; 5:7, 11+); 2. LN 19.14–19.26 (hitpeel pf. 3fs.) hew rock, cut out or quarry rock (Da 2:34+); (itpeel) (Da 2:45+)

10141 גְּזֵרָה (gezē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 1615, 1620 Str 1510; TWOT 2654a—LN 33.323–33.332 decree, an authoritative, announced unilateral decision (Da 4:14[EB 17],21[EB 24]+)

גִּיחַ (gîaḥ): see 10137

גין (gyn) or גִּין (gîn): see 10138

גיר (gyr): see 10142

10142 גִּיר (gîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 1732 Str 1528; TWOT 2655—LN 45 plaster, quicklime, used as finish on an interior wall (Da 5:5+)

גְּלָא (gelā(ʾ)): v.—see 10144

10143 גַּלְגַּל (gǎl·gǎl): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1649, 1651 Str 1535; TWOT 2657a—1. LN 79.18–79.23 wheel, a spinning instrument for scattering fire over the earth (Da 7:9+) note: here the focus is on the wheel spinning throwing fire on the earth, as an extension of glory, influence, and power of God, for another interp, see next; 2. LN 15 movement, a figurative extension of wheel (Da 7:9+), note: here the focus is on the movement of the throne itself, hence translate, the throne was a moving flame of fire

גלה (glh) or גּלה (glh): see 10144

10144 גְּלָה (gelā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1655 Str 1541; TWOT 2656—1. LN 28.28–28.56 (peal) reveal mysteries, disclose hidden things (Da 2:22, 28, 29, 47+); (peal pass.) have mysteries revealed (Da 2:19, 30+); 2. LN 85.83 (hafel) deport, put into exile (Ezr 4:10; 5:12+)

10145 גָּלוּ (gā·lû): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 1583, 1661 Str 1547; TWOT 2656a—LN 85.67–85.85 an exile, deportee (Ezr 6:16; Da 2:25; 5:13; 6:14[EB 13]+), for the idiom see 10120

10146 גְּלָל (gelāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 1670 Str 1560; TWOT 2657—LN 7.26–7.53 (coll.) stone blocks too large for carrying (Ezr 5:8; 6:4+)

גלל (gll): see 10143, 10146, 10399

גמר (gmr) or גּמר (gmr): see 10147

10147 גְּמַר (gemǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1698 Str 1585; TWOT 2658—1. LN 88.36–88.38 (peal ptcp. pass.) be complete, perfected, finished; as an a modifying God (Ezr 7:12+), for another interp, see below; 2. LN 33.20–33.24 Greetings (NJB, NIV, NRSV, NAB); as an introduction in a letter, with the implication of peace and well being (Ezr 7:12+), note: this may be under 91.001-LN 91.5; 3. LN 30.75–30.85 be firmly decided (NEB, REB), (Ezr 7:12+)

גנז (gnz): see 10148

10148 גְּנַז (genǎz): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1709 Str 1596; TWOT 2659—LN 7.1–7.25 place of treasure and archived documents (Ezr 5:17; 6:1; 7:20+)

10149 גַּף (gǎp̄): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 111 Str 1611; TWOT 2660—LN 8.29 wing of a bird (Da 7:4,6+), note: 7:4b Q as 7:4a in BHS ftn.

גרם (grm): see 10150

10150 גְּרַם (gerǎm): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 1752 Str 1635; TWOT 2661—1. LN 8.61 (pl.) bones (Da 6:25[EB 24]+); 2. LN 20.61–20.88 kill, formally, crush the bones (Da 6:25[EB 24]+)

גְּרֵם (gerēm): see 10150

גשׁם (gšm): see 10151

10151 גְּשֵׁם (gešēm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1655; TWOT 2662—1. LN 8.1 body (Da 3:27; 4:30[EB 33]; 5:21; 7:11+); 2. LN 23.98–23.128 die, formally, give up one’s life (i.e., body), the figurative extension of the prior entry (Da 3:28+)

ד

10152 ד (d): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 1789—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

דִּהוּא (di·hû(ʾ)): see 10153 or 10168 and 10200 (Ezr 4:9)

10153 דְּ־ (d): pt. (of relation)—see 10168 an alternate lexical form Ezr 4:9

10154 דָּא (dā(ʾ)): p. (demonstrative fem.); ≡ DBLHebr 2297 Str 1668; TWOT 2663—1. LN 92.29–92.36 this, this one (Da 4:27[EB 30]; 7:8+); 2. LN 92 דָּא מִן־ דָּא (dā(ʾ) min- dā(ʾ)) this one … from … that one (7:3+); 3. LN 92 דָּא לְ־ דָּא (dā(ʾ) l- dā(ʾ)) (knock) together, i.e., one against another (5:6)

10155 דֹּב (dōḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 1800 Str 1678; TWOT 2664—LN 4.12 bear (Da 7:5+)

דבח (dbḥ) or דּבח (dbḥ): see 10156, 10157, 10401

10156 דְּבַח (deḇǎḥ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2284 Str 1684; TWOT 2665—1. LN 15.187–15.211 (peal) present, bring, an animal sacrifice (Ezr 6:3+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 53.16–53.27 worship by sacrifice, by obedient ritual animal sacrifice (Ezr 6:3+)

10157 דְּבַח (deḇǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 2285 Str 1685; TWOT 2665a—LN 53.16–53.27 sacrificial animal (Ezr 6:3+)

דבק (dbq) or דּבק (dbq): see 10158

10158 דְּבַק (deḇǎq): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1815 Str 1693; TWOT 2666—1. LN 63.9–63.12 stick together, mix and combine as one element (Da 2:43+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 34.22–34.30 be united, the figurative extension of prior (Da 2:43+)

דְּבֵק (deḇēq): see 10158

דבר (dbr): see 10159

10159 דִּבְרָה (diḇ·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 1826 Str 1701; TWOT 2667—1. LN 13.115 affair, matter, situation (Da 2:30; 4:14[EB 17]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 89.15–89.38 עַד־ (ʿǎḏ-)/עַל־דִּבְרַת דִּי (ʿǎl-·diḇ·rǎṯ dî) so that, for the reason that, for the cause that (Da 2:30; 4:14[EB 17]+)

10160 דְּהַב (dehǎḇ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2298 Str 1722; TWOT 2668—1. LN 2.49 gold; related to various articles (Ezr 5:14; Da 2:32; 3:1; 5:2, 4, 7); 2. LN 6.68–6.82 gold money (Ezr 7:15, 16, 18+)

דהוא (dhwʾ): see 10161

10161 דְּהוּא (dehû(ʾ)): n.pr.g—1. LN 93-place (taken as a proper name) Dehaites (ASV,KJV, NKJV) (Ezr 4:9+); 2. LN 89 (repoint to) דִּי־הִיא (dî-·hî(ʾ)) that is, of, in; a marker to show relation to (NASB, RSV, NRSV, NIV, NAB, NJB, NEB, REB)

דֵּהָיֵא (dē·hā·yē(ʾ)): see 10162

10162 דֶּהָיֵא (dě·hā·yē(ʾ)): n.pr.g [others: particles]—see 10161 Q spelling of K

דוק (dwq): see 10182

דור (dwr) or דּור (dwr): see 10163

10163 דּוּר (dûr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1884 Str 1753; TWOT 2669—1. LN 85.67–85.85 (peal) live, dwell (Da 2:38; 3:31[EB 4:1]; 4:9[EB 12],18[EB 21],32[EB 35]; 6:26[EB 25]+); 2. LN 9.1–9.23 humans, people of the earth, i.e., earth dwellers (Da 4:32+); 3. LN 11.55–11.89 subjects of a kingdom (Da 6:26+)

10164 דּוּרָא (dû·rā(ʾ)): n.pr.loc.—LN 93-place Dura (Da 3:1+)

דושׁ (dwš) or דּושׁ (dwš): see 10165

10165 דּוּשׁ (dûš): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1889 Str 1759; TWOT 2670—1. LN 19.43–19.54 (peal) trample, as a dangerous stampeding animal (Da 7:23+); 2. LN 20 destruction, ruin; the figurative extension of trampling ((Da 7:23+))

דחוה (dḥwh): see 10166

10166 דַּחֲוָה (dǎ·ḥǎwā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1761; TWOT 2671—LN 88.252–88.255 entertainment (NIV, NASB, NAB), diversions (RSV), music (ASV, KJV, NKJV) food (NRSV) women (NEB, REB, NJB), (Da 6:19[EB 18]+), note: Holladay, KB, BDB, all comment as dubious and uncertain, though other suggestions are given. The NIV and RSV may be the best general contextual rendering

דחל (dḥl) or דּחל (dḥl): see 10167

10167 דְּחַל (deḥǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2324 Str 1763; TWOT 2672—1. LN 25.251–25.269 (peal ptcp. pl.) reverence, fear (Da 5:19; 6:27[EB 26]+); (peal pass.) be terrified (Da 7:7, 19+); 2. LN 79.7–79.17 (peal pass.) awesome, dazzlingly beautiful (Da 2:31+); 3. LN 25.251–25.269 (pael) make afraid, cause terror

10168 דִּי (dî): pt. and c.; ≡ DBLHebr 2296, 2306 Str 1768; TWOT 2673—1. LN 92.27–92.28 (relative) who, which (Jer 10:11; Da 2:11c; 5:2); 2. LN 90.21–90.28 that; a marker of discourse, with the focus on the content to follow (Da 2:8); 3. LN 89.55–89.64 so that, in order that; a marker showing purpose (Da 4:3[EB 6]); 4. LN 89.39–89.54 so that; a marker of result (Ezr 5:10); 5. LN 89.15–89.38 for, because; a marker of causation (Da 6:24[EB 23]), note: this particle is often not translated, because it is merely a marker to show the relationship of the parts of the sentence, especially the genitive (known by position in the sentence), the case which shows the relation of one n. to another (cf. Ezr 4:10 “city of (דִּי (dî)) Samaria.”); 6. LN 67.33 ךּ־ דִּי (k- dî) when, as soon as; a marker relating points of time (Da 2:43; 3:7; 5:20; 6:11[EB 10], 15[EB 14])

דין (dyn) or דּין (dyn): see 10169, 10170, 10171, 10406

10169 דִּין (dîn): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1906 Str 1778; TWOT 2674—LN 56.20–56.34 (peal ptcp. pl.) administer justice, judge (Ezr 7:25+), note: for K/Q see BHS ftn.

10170 דִּין (dîn): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1907 Str 1780; TWOT 2674?—1. LN 56.20–56.34 judgment, either for punishment or acquittal (Ezr 7:26; Da 7:22+); 2. LN 88.12–88.23 justice (Da 4:34[EB 37]); 3. LN 11.79–11.80 council of judges, the court panel (Da 7:10, 26+)

10171 דַּיָּן (dǎy·yān): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1908 Str 1782; TWOT 2674a—LN 56.20–56.34 judge, i.e., one who administers justice (Ezr 4:9cj. BHS, 7:25+), note: in 4:9 most versions render the cj, for an alternate rendering, see 10172

10172 דִּינָיֵא (dî·nā·yē(ʾ)): n.pr.g—LN 93-place Dinaites (KJV, NKJV, ASV), so a transliteration of the MT in Ezr 4:9+ note: for an alternate cj based in the LXX, see 10171

10173 דֵּךְ (dēḵ): p. (demonstrative masc., always adj.) דָּךְ (dāḵ) fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 2296 Str 1791; TWOT 2675—LN 92.29–92.36 this or that, (depending on the relation of the object and the speaker), (Ezr 4:13, 15,16, 19, 21; 5:8, 16, 17; 6:7,8, 12+)

דָּךְ (dāḵ): p.fem.—see 10173

10174 דִּכֵּן (dik·kēn): p. (demonstrative masc. and fem.); ≡ Str 1797; TWOT 2676—LN 92.29–92.36 that or this (depending on the relation of the object and the speaker), (Da 2:31; 7:20, 21+)

דכר (dkr)[1] KB: see 10176, 10177

דכר (dkr)[2] KB: see 10175

10175 דְּכַר (deḵǎr): n.masc. (pl. ־ִין (i-yn)); ≡ DBLHebr 2351 Str 1798; TWOT 2677a—LN 4.19 young ram male goat (Ezr 6:9, 17; 7:17+), note: governed by בַּר (bǎr) in a cs. chain, confirmed by the conjunctive accents, see 10120 last

10176 דִּכְרוֹן (diḵ·rôn): n.[masc.] [see also 10177]; ≡ DBLHebr 2355—LN 33.35–33.68 record, official minutes, a protocol of the king (Ezr 6:2+)

10177 דָּכְרָן (dāḵ·rān): n.[masc.] [see also 10176]—LN 33.35–33.68 סְפַר־דָּכְרָן (sep̄ǎr-·dāḵ·rān) archived record, formally, book of memorandum (Ezr 4:15+)

דלק (dlq) or דּלק (dlq): see 10178

10178 דְּלַק (delǎq): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1944 Str 1815; TWOT 2678—1. LN 14.63–14.73 (peal act. ptcp.) burn, be ablaze (Da 7:9+), see also 10143, for another interp, see below; 2. LN 79.18–79.23 being glorious, the figurative extension of burning (Da 7:9+); 3. LN 38.1–38.13 punishment, the figurative extension of burning (Da 7:9+), note: though this semantic domain is possible, the above figurative extension is to be preferred

דמה (dmh) or דּמה (dmh): see 10179

10179 דְּמָה (demā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1948 Str 1821; TWOT 2679—LN 64 (peal act. ptcp.) look like, resemble, appear similarly as (Da 3:25; 7:5+)

10180 דְּנָה (denā(h)): p. (demonstrative c.) [adj. Ezr 5:4; Da 6:4[EB 6:3] +]; ≡ Str 1836; TWOT 2680—1. LN 92.29 this, that; a reference that shows or points out an entity as a part of the discourse (Ezr 4:11; 5:3; 6:11; 7:17; Da 2:18; 4:15; 5:7; 6:4, 6, 29); 2. LN 67.17–67.64 מִן קַדְמָה דְּנָה (min qǎḏ·mā(h) denā(h)) before, i.e., a reference to a time period prior to the events in discourse (Ezr 6:11; Da 6:11+); 3. LN 67.17–67.64 בָּאתַר דְּנָה (bā(ʾ)·ṯǎr denā(h)) after that (Da 7:6, 7+); 4. LN 90.23 עַל־דְּנָה (ʿǎl-·denā(h)) concerning this matter, i.e., with a focus on the content of a particular referent (Ezr 4:22; 5:5, 17; 6:11; Da 3:16; 7:16+); 5. LN 89.15–89.38 עַל־דְּנָה (ʿǎl-·denā(h)) therefore, that is why; a marker of cause or reason (Ezr 4:14, 15+)

10181 דָּנִיֵּאל (dā·niy·yē(ʾ)l): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1975—LN 93-person Daniel (Da 2:13; 4:5[EB 8]; 5:12; 6:3[EB 2]; 7:1)

דקק (dqq) or דּקק (dqq): see 10182

10182 דְּקַק (deqǎq): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 1990 Str 1855; TWOT 2681—LN 19.43–19.54 (peal pf. 3mp.) be crushed, be in state of being broken to pieces (BDB); or transitive they crush (Holladay, KB) (Da 2:35+); (hafel) crush, smash, pulverize (Da 2:34, 40,44, 45; 6:25[EB 24]; 7:7, 19, 23+)

10183 דָּר (dār): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 1887 Str 1859; TWOT 2669a—1. LN 10.28 generation, a successive posterity (Da 3:33; 4:31[EB 34]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 67.78–67.117 עִם־דָּר וְ־ דָר (ʿim-·dār w- ḏār) eternal, forever, formally, from generation to generation (Da 3:33; 4:31[EB 34]+)

10184 דָּרְיָוֶשׁ (dār·yā·wěš): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2003—LN 93-person Darius (Ezr 4:24; 5:5, 6, 7; 6:1, 12, 13, 14, 15; Da 6:1[EB 5:31],2[EB 1],7[EB 6],10[EB 9],26[EB 25],29[EB 28]+)

10185 דְּרָע (derāʿ): n.[fem.]; ≡ DBLHebr 2432 Str 1872; TWOT 2682a—LN 8 (pl. + 3ms. suff.) arm, a part of the human body (Da 2:32+), see also 10013

10186 דָּת (dāṯ): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 2017 Str 1882; TWOT 2683—1. LN 33.35–33.68 Law (of God), i.e., likely the body of writing known today as Torah, the first five books of the Christian/Jewish Scripture (Ezr 7:12, 14, 21+), note: the exact canon referenced is debated; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 Secretary of Jewish Affairs, i.e., a civil title, formally, “the teacher of the Law of the God of heaven” (Ezr 7:12, 21+), for another interp, see prior; 3. LN 33.35–33.68 law, a written, codified prescription, with the force of penalty, of either state or deity (Ezr 7:25, 26; Da 6:6[EB 5],9[EB 8],13[EB 12],16[EB 15]; 7:25+); 4. LN 56.20–56.34 decree, implying a judgment, penalty, verdict (Da 2:9, 13, 15+)

10187 דֶּתֶא (dě·ṯě(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 2013 Str 1883; TWOT 2684—LN 3.13–3.32 grass of the open country, wild grass (Da 4:12[EB 15],20[EB 23]+)

10188 דְּתָבַר (deṯā·ḇǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1884; TWOT 2685—LN 56.20–56.34 judge, an official of prominence (Da 3:2, 3+)

דְּתָבָר (deṯā·ḇār): see 10188

ה

10189 ה (h): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 2020—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

10190 הֲ־ (hǎ-): pt. (interrogative); ≡ DBLHebr 2022—LN 92 a marker of a question, usually not directly translated (Da 2:26; 3:14, 24; 4:27[EB 30]; 6:13[EB 12],21[EB 20]+), compare 10408

הַ־ (hǎ-): see 10190

10191 ־ָה (ā-(h)): suffixal det. marker or definite article [see also 10002]—LN 92.24 a marker of det. (Ezr 4:13, a suffix of שׁוּרַיּ ־ָה (šû·rǎy ā-(h)))

10192 ־ֵהּ (ē-h): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3ms.) with masc.n. in the singular—LN 92 his note: sometimes translated by the English neuter “its” (Ezr 5:3 first word)

10193 ־ַהּ (ǎ-h): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3fs.) with masc.n. in the singular—LN 92 her note: sometimes translated by the English neuter “its” (Ezr 4:15 בְּגַוּ ־ַהּ (beḡǎw ǎ-h))

10194 הָא (hā(ʾ)): pt.; ≡ DBLHebr 2026—1. LN 91 (as an intj.) Look!, There!, Wow! Yet! (Da 3:25+); 2. LN 91.13 as a discourse marker to show enliven the narrative, but not translated (RSV, NRSV)

10195 הֵא (hē(ʾ)): pt.; ≡ DBLHebr 2026—1. LN 64 as, just as; a marker for comparison (Da 2:43+); 2. LN 64 (as an inj.) הֵא־כְדִי (hē(ʾ)-·ḵeḏî), behold as (Da 2:43+)

10196 הַדָּבַר (hǎd·dā·ḇǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1907; TWOT 2689—1. LN 37.48–37.95 (high) royal official (the exact nature of duty not known) (NASB, NEB, REB), (Da 3:24, 27; 4:33[EB 36]; 6:8[EB 7]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.294–33.298 adviser, counselor, minister (BDB, ASV, RSV, NRSV, KJV, NKJV, NIV), note: the prior entry is preferred

10197 הַדָּם (hǎd·dām): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1917; TWOT 2690—1. LN 8 pieces, members, limbs of the human body (Da 2:5; 3:29+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 20.61–20.88 execution, formally, made into pieces, i.e., execution by hacking to pieces (Da 2:5; 3:29+)

הדר (hdr): see 10198, 10199

10198 הֲדַר (hǎḏǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2075 Str 1922; TWOT 2691—1. LN 33.354–33.364 (pael) glorify, honor, ascribe majesty (Da 4:31[EB 34],34[EB 37]; 5:23+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 87.4–87.18 honor by attributing a higher status than other gods (Da 5:23+)

10199 הֲדַר (hǎḏǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 2077, 2078 Str 1923; TWOT 2691a—LN 87.4–87.18 majesty, splendor, honor from a very high status (Da 4:27[EB 30],33[EB 36]; 5:18+)

10200 הוּא (hû(ʾ)): p. (3ms.) and adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 2085—1. LN 92.11–92.25 he (Da 2:21, 22; 6:5); 2. LN 92.29–92.36 (demonstrative a) that (Da 2:32, 38); 3. LN 89 there is; a marker to join clauses, not necessarily translated; Holladay: pseudo-copula (Da 2:28, 47)

הֲוָא (hǎwā(ʾ)): see 10201 (peal pf. 3ms.)

הוה (hwh): see 10201

10201 הֲוָה (hǎwā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2093, 2118 Str 1934; TWOT 2692—1. LN 13.69–13.103 (peal) come to be, come into being (Ezr 7:23; Da 5:29); 2. LN 13.48–13.68 become, i.e., have a change of state (Da 2:35); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 be, i.e., exist in a certain state and possess certain characteristics (Da 2:42); 4. LN 13.104 happen, take place, come to pass. (Da 2:28, 29,45); 5. LN 85.1–85.31 be in a place (Ezr 6:6; Da 4:1[EB 4],22[EB 25]; 7:23); 6. LN 58.67 belong to a particular class (Da 5:29)

הֲווֹ (hǎwô): see 10201 (peal pf. 3mp.)

הֱווֹ (hěwô): see 10201 (peal imv. masc.pl.)

הֲוֵית (hǎwêṯ): see 10201 (peal pf. 1cs.)

הֲוַיְתָ (hǎwǎy·ṯā): see 10201 (peal pf. 2ms.)

הוך (hwk): see 10202

10202 הוּךְ (hûḵ): v.; ≡ Str 1946; TWOT 2695—1. LN 15.1–15.17 go/come (Ezr 6:5; 7:13, see 10207); 2. LN 15.165–15.186 bring, take (Ezr 5:5+), for another rendering of the lexical form see 10207

10203 ־הוֹן (hôn): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3mp.) with masc.n. in the singular—LN 92 their or them (Ezr 4:9), note: a K in Da 2:33,41,42; 7:8, 19, see 10214

הֲוָת (hǎwāṯ): see 10201 (peal pf. 3fs.)

10204 ־הִי (hî): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3ms.) with masc.n. in the plural—LN 92 his or he/him (Ezr 4:11; 6:10), note: “its” may be the proper translation in some contexts as rendered in normal English style

10205 הִיא (hî(ʾ)): P. (personal 3fs.); c.; ≡ DBLHebr 2085, 2115—1. LN 92.11 she (Da 2:44; 4:21[EB 24] 7:7+); 2. LN 89 there is; a marker to join clauses, not necessarily translated; Holladay: pseudo-copula (Ezr 6:15; Da 2:9, 20; 4:27[EB 30]+)

10206 הֵיכַל (hê·ḵǎl): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2121 Str 1965; TWOT 2694—1. LN 7 palace, a dwelling of a king (Ezr 4:14; Da 4:1[EB 4], 26[EB 29]; 5:5; 6:19[EB 18]+); 2. LN 7 temple, a dwelling of God or (perceived) gods (Ezr 5:14,15; 6:5; Da 5:2, 3+)

היך (hyk): see 10202

־הֵין (hên): see 10214

הלך (hlk): see 10207

10207 הֲלַךְ (hǎlǎḵ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2143 Str 1981; TWOT 2695—1. LN 15.1–15.17 (peal) go/come (Ezr 6:5; 7:13+); 2. LN 15.224–15.229 (pael) walk about (Da 4:26[EB 29]); (hafel) walk around, step back and forth (Da 3:25+); 3. LN 15.165–15.186 (peal) bring, take, carry (Ezr 5:5+); 4. LN 41.1–41.24 behave, live, conduct one’s life in a certain way (Da 4:34[EB 37]+), for another rendering of the lexical form in some verses, see also 10202

10208 הֲלָךְ (hǎlāḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1983; TWOT 2695a—LN 57.178–57.185 a duty, toll, i.e., a tax of some kind; the exact nature not able to be further defined from the context or history of the word (Ezr 4:13, 20; 7:24+)

10209 ־הֹם (hōm): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3mp.) with masc.n. in the singular—LN 92 their or them (Ezr 5:3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10; 6:9; 7:16, 24; Jer 10:11+), note:

10210 הִמּוֹ (him·mô): p. (3mp.); ≡ DBLHebr 2156, 2160 Str 1994; TWOT 2696—1. LN 92 they, them (Ezr 4:10, 23; 5:5, 12, 14,15; 7:17; Da 2:34, 35; 3:22+), note: the p. is often redundant to English style, functioning as a marker of relative reference; 2. LN 89 there is; a marker to join clauses, not necessarily translated; Holladay: pseudo-copula (Ezr 5:11+)

הִמּוֹן (him·môn): see 10210 (Da 2:34, 35; 3:22+)

המוניכא (hmwnykʾ): see 10212

10211 המונך (hmwnk): n.[masc.]—see 10212 K (Da 5:7, 16, 29+)

המונכא (hmwnkʾ): see 10212

10212 הַמְיָנַךְ (hǎm·yā·nǎḵ): n.[masc.]—1. LN 6.188–6.196 Q (most versions) chain, necklace (Da 5:7, 16, 29+), for another interp, see below; 2. LN 6.152–6.187 collar of a garment (NAB); 3. LN 6.188–6.196 bracelet; a possible interpretation of the LXX, which does not explicitly include “neck” in its translation

הַמְיָנָכא (hǎm·yā·nāḵ(ʾ)): n.[masc.] + det.—see 10212

הַמְנִיכָא (hǎm·nî·ḵā(ʾ)): see 10212

10213 הֵן (hēn): c.; ≡ DBLHebr 2176 Str 2006; TWOT 2698—1. LN 71 if; a marker to show a mode of certainty or probability (Ezr 4:13; Da 2:5, 6), “if” (such and such happens) then (such and such will happen); the “then” part of the sentence may have a waw as a marker, or only a logical connector with no marker; 2. LN 90.26 whether; a marker of an indirect question (Ezr 5:17b; Da 4:24[EB 27]); 3. LN 89.69 הֵן (hēn) … הֵן (hēn) … הֵן (hēn) whether … or … or … (Ezr 7:26+)

10214 ־הֵן (hēn): pronominal suffix (poss.3fp.) with n.fem. in the singular—LN 92 their (Da 2:33,41,42; 7:8, 19+), note: for the K in the above verses, see 10203

10215 הַנְזָקָה (hǎn·zā·qā(h)): n.fem. [see also 10472]—LN 57.55–57.70 detriment, disadvantage, injury, i.e., the loss or transfer of political power (Ezr 4:22+), note: BDB parses as hafel inf. cs. of 10472

הַנְסָקָה (hǎn·sā·qā(h)): see 10513 (hafel inf.)

הַנְעֵל (hǎn·ʿēl): see 10549 (hafel pf. 3ms.)

הַנְעָלָה (hǎn·ʿā·lā(h)): see 10549 hafel inf.

הֻסַּק (hǔs·sǎq): see 10513 (hofal pf. 3ms.)

הַסִּקוּ (hǎs·si·qû): see 10513 (hafel pf. 3mp.)

10216 הַצְדָּא (hǎṣ·dā(ʾ)): interrogative ה( h) + n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 7402—see 10190, 10609 (Da 3:14+)

10217 הַרְהֹר (hǎr·hōr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2031; TWOT 2700—1. LN 30 mental image in a dream-like state, hence unreal thought, i.e., a fantasy (Da 4:2[EB 5]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.476–33.489 revelation, non-verbal phantasms or images that come in a revelational dream (Da 4:2[EB 5]+), for another focus, see next; 3. LN 28.28–28.56 revelation, what is made clear (Da 4:2[EB 5]+)

הרר (hrr): see 10217

10218 הִתְבְּהָלָה (hiṯ·behā·lā(h)): n. [see also 10097]; ≡ DBLHebr 987—1. LN 68.79–68.82 (with) בְּ־ (b) (in) a hurry, with the semantic focus on haste with vigor and energy (Da 2:25; 6:20[EB 19]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 67.53 immediately, at once; with the semantic focus on the relational point in time (Da 2:25; 6:20[EB 19]+); 3. LN 25.251–25.269 (with) בְּ־ (b) in alarm, with a focus on personal amazement or troubled state (Da 3:24+)

10219 הִתְנַדָּבוּ (hiṯ·nǎd·dā·ḇû): n.; ≡ DBLHebr 5605—LN 57.71–57.124 gift, contribution, votive offering (Ezr 7:16a+), note: BDB inf. cs. of 10461

ו

10220 ו (w): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 2255—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

10221 וְ־ (w): c.; ≡ DBLHebr 2256—1. LN 89.92 and; a marker to join or connect words or phrases (Ezr 4:8); 2. LN 89.87 and then, and also then; a marker to join and continue (Da 2:4; Ezr 6:11); 3. LN 91 moreover, yet also; a marker to intensify (Ezr 6:8); 4. LN 89.124–89.138 but; a marker that shows contrast, or an adversative relation (Da 3:15, 18); 5. LN 89.55–89.64 so that; a marker of purpose (Da 5:2b); 6. LN 91.15 that is; a marker for explanation (Da 4:22[EB 25]), note: a connector with many uses and nuances, see BDB pg. 251 and pg. 1090

וְ (w) or וּ־ (û-): see 10221

ז

10222 ז (z): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 2268—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

זָאֲעִין (zā·ʾǎʿîn): see 10227 K (peal ptcp. pl.)

זבן (zbn): see 10223

10223 זְבַן (zeḇǎn): v.; ≡ Str 2084; TWOT 2702—LN 33.294–33.298 (peal) stall, evade a directive, formally, try to gain (a specific amount of time) to answer (Da 2:8+), see also DBLGrk 1973

10224 זְהִיר (zehîr): adj. [BDB: v. (ptcp.pass.)]; ≡ DBLHebr 2302 Str 2095; TWOT 2703—1. LN 27.55–27.60 careful, cautious, (Ezr 4:22+); 2. LN 33.294–33.298 advised, tell someone what to do, implying a warning (Ezr 4:22+)

זהר (zhr): see 10224

זְהַר (zehǎr): see 10224 (peal ptcp. pl.)

זוד (zwd): see 10225

10225 זוּד (zûḏ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2326 Str 2103; TWOT 2704—LN 88.206–88.222 (with) לְ־ (l) (hafel) act. proudly, act. haughtily, with insolence (Da 5:20+)

זון (zwn): see 10226

10226 זוּן (zûn): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2315 Str 2110; TWOT 2705—LN 23.1–23.11 (hitpeel) be fed, live on, receive sustenance (Da 4:9[EB 12]+)

זוע (zwʿ): see 10227

10227 זוּעַ (zûaʿ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2316 Str 2112; TWOT 2706—1. LN 16.6–16.7 (peal ptcp. pl.) tremble, shake, quiver (Da 5:19; 6:27[EB 26]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 25.251–25.269 (peal ptcp. pl.) dread, great fear, implying a physical response associated with fear (Da 5:19; 6:27[EB 26]+)

זיד (zyd) or זִיד (zîḏ): see 10225

10228 זִיו (zîw): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2304 Str 2122; TWOT 2707—1. LN 14.36–14.52 dazzlingness, brightness, reflective shining appearance of a physical object (Da 2:31); 2. LN 87.4–87.18 splendor, with the focus on status and giving of honor (Da 4:33[EB 36]); 3. LN 25.251–25.269 panic, formally, the complexion turned color (assumed to be the pale of fright), (Da 5:6, 9, 10; 7:28+)

זָיְעִין (zāy·ʿîn): see 10227 (peal ptcp. pl.)

זכה (zkh): see 10229

10229 זָכוּ (zā·ḵû): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 2342 Str 2136; TWOT 2708—1. LN 88.12–88.23 righteousness, just according to a standard (Da 6:23[EB 22]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 88.316 innocence, not guilty of wrong (Da 6:23[EB 22]+)

10230 זְכַרְיָה (zeḵǎr·yā(h)): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2357—LN 93-person Zechariah (Ezr 5:1; 6:14+)

זמן (zmn): see 10231

10231 זְמַן (zemǎn): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2374 Str 2164; TWOT 2709—LN 30.74 Q (hitpeel) conspire, agree to (Da 2:9+); K (hitpaal) הִזַּמְנְתוּן (hiz·zǎm·neṯûn) or הַזְמִנְתּוּן (hǎz·min·tûn) (hafel) decide (Da 2:9+)

10232 זְמַן (zemǎn): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2375 Str 2166; TWOT 2709a—1. LN 67 time, a relatively indefinite duration of time in a certain time frame (Ezr 5:3; Da 2:16; 3:8; 4:33[EB 36]; 7:22+); 2. LN 67.78 season, period of time (Da 2:21; 7:12+); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 an occurrence, something that happens (Da 6:11[EB 10],14[EB 13]+); 4. LN 67 בֵּהּ־זִמְנָא כְּדִי (bēh-·zim·nā(ʾ) keḏî) as soon as (Da 3:7+); 5. LN 67.2 set time, a point of time selected in advance (Da 7:25+)

זמר (zmr): see 10233, 10234

10233 זְמָר (zemār): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 2376 Str 2170; TWOT 2710a—1. LN 14.74–14.86 music, the sound of a wind and string ensemble (Da 3:5, 7, 10, 15+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.83–6.95 musical instrument, not specified (Da 3:5, 7, 10, 15+), note: the definition in KB of; 3. LN 6.83–6.95 a stringed instrument, i.e., another kind of lyre or zither (Da 3:5, 7, 10, 15+), note: this is based on the assumed rendering of Saitenspiel, KB 1072

10234 זַמָּר (zǎm·mār): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2376 Str 2171; TWOT 2710b—1. LN 33.109–33.116 singer, with the focus on the sound communicated (Ezr 7:24+); 2. LN 6.83–6.95 the instrument of voice, a singer (Ezr 7:24+); 3. LN 53.66–53.95 worship leaders (Ezr 7:24+)

10235 זַן (zǎn): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 2385 Str 2178; TWOT 2711—LN 58.21–58.30 genus, kind, sort (Da 3:5, 7, 10, 15+)

10236 זְעֵיר (zeʿêr): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 2402 Str 2192; TWOT 2712—1. LN 79.125 little, small in relative size to another thing (Da 7:8+); 2. LN 87.58–87.75 insignificant, relatively low in status or rank, implying a slighting of; the figurative extension of the prior entry (Da 7:8+)

זעק (zʿq): see 10237

10237 זְעִק (zeʿiq): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2410, 7590 Str 2200; TWOT 2712—LN 33.69–33.108 (peal pf. 3ms.) shout loud, yell, shriek (Da 6:21[EB 20]+)

זער (zʿr): see 10236

זקף (zqp): see 10238

10238 זְקַף (zeqǎp̄): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2422 Str 2211; TWOT 2714—1. LN 15.105–15.106 (peal ptcp. pass.) lift up, to begin a motion that will end in impaling or be tied to a pole (Ezr 6:11+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 20.61–20.88 זְקַף מְחָא (zeqǎp̄ meḥā(ʾ)) be executed (Ezr 6:11+)

10239 זְרֻבָּבֶל (zerǔb·bā·ḇěl): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2428—LN 93-person Zerubbabel (Ezr 5:2+)

10240 זְרַע (zerǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 2445, 2446 Str 2234; TWOT 2715—LN 10.29 descendant, offspring, progeny, formally, זְרַע אֲנָשָׁא (zerǎʿ ʾǎnā·šā(ʾ)), the seed of a person (Da 2:43+)

ח

10241 ח (ḥ): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 2459—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

חֲבוּלָא (ḥǎḇû·lā(ʾ)): see 10242

10242 חֲבוּלָה (ḥǎḇû·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2248; TWOT 2716b—1. LN 88.12–88.23 a wrong, unjust deed (Da 6:23[EB 22]+); 2. LN 88.315 a crime, a legal infraction incurring guilt (Da 6:23[EB 22]+)

חבל (ḥbl): see 10243

10243 חֲבַל (ḥǎḇǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2472 Str 2255; TWOT 2716—1. LN 20.12–20.30 (pael) hurt, injure (Da 6:23[EB 22]); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (pael) destroy (Ezr 6:12; Da 4:20[EB 23]+); 3. LN 13 (hitpaal) be destroyed, perish, cease to exist in the same state (Da 2:44; 6:27[EB 26]; 7:14+)

10244 חֲבָל (ḥǎḇāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2257; TWOT 2716a—1. LN 20.12–20.30 a wound, any physical hurt or harm, such as a puncture wound, bite, or a burn (Da 3:25; 6:24[EB 23]+); 2. LN 87.58–87.75 damage i.e., a lowering of the status or prestige of a kingdom (Ezr 4:22+)

חבר (ḥbr): see 10245, 10246

10245 חֲבַר (ḥǎḇǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2492 Str 2269; TWOT 2717—1. LN 11.12–11.54 (most versions) associate, companion, with the focus on their association as compatriots (Da 2:13, 17, 18+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 34.11 friend (NIV, NASB, , one associated with personal regard or affection (Da 2:13, 17, 18+)

10246 חַבְרָה (ḥǎḇ·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 2492 Str 2273; TWOT 2717b—1. LN 64 companion (horn) of a comparable similarity (Da 7:20+); 2. LN 58.31–58.35 the other, i.e., horns of a similar class or kind

10247 חַגַּי (ḥǎg·gǎy): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2516—LN 93-person Haggai (Ezr 5:1; 6:14+)

10248 חַד (ḥǎḏ): adj. (and various subst. uses); ≡ DBLHebr 285 Str 2298; TWOT 2718—1. LN 92.22 a, a certain one; a marker of an indefinite article (Ezr 4:8; 6:2; Da 2:31; 4:16[EB 19]; 6:18[EB 17]+); 2. LN 60.46 first in a series of time (Ezr 5:13; 6:3; Da 7:1); 3. LN 60.10 one and only one (Da 2:9; Ezr 6:4{BHS, LXX; Da 6:3; 7:5, 16); 4. LN 67.34 כַחֲדָה (ḵǎ·ḥǎḏā(h)) at the same time, together (Da 2:35); 5. LN 78.44–78.50 חַד־שִׁבְעָה (ḥǎḏ-·šiḇ·ʿā(h)) (hot) to the very extreme limits, formally, seven times hotter than usual (Da 3:19+), for another interp, see next; 6. LN 60.75–60.78 (seven) times, i.e., a multiple of seven (Da 3:19+), better taken here as a figurative extension of the prior entry

חַד (ḥǎḏ) or חֲדִי (ḥǎḏî): see 10249

חדה (ḥdh): see 10250

10249 חֲדֵה (ḥǎḏē(h)): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2601 Str 2306; TWOT 2720—LN 8.36–8.39 chest, area of a male image (Da 2:32+)

חֲדָה (ḥǎḏā(h)): (adj.fem.sing.)—see 10248

10250 חֶדְוָה (ḥěḏ·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 2530 Str 2305; TWOT 2719—LN 25.116–25.134 (most versions) joy, delight, gladness; rejoicing (NEB, REB), (Ezr 6:16+)

חדת (ḥdt): see 10251

10251 חֲדַת (ḥǎḏǎṯ): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 2543 Str 2323; TWOT 2721—LN 58.70–58.75 new (KJV, ASV, MT, (Ezr 6:4+), note: most versions, BHS, LXX amend to 10248 “one.”

חוה (ḥwh): see 10252

10252 חֲוָה (ḥǎwā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2555 Str 2324; TWOT 2722—1. LN 33.134–33.155 (pael) tell, proclaim, make known (Da 2:4, 11, 24; 5:7+); 2. LN 33.134–33.155 (hafel) tell, explain, make known (an interpretation of a vision) (Da 2:6,7, 9, 10, 16, 27; 3:32; 5:12b, 15+); 3. LN 33.145 (afel) interpret, explain a riddle (Da 5:12a+)

חוט (ḥwṭ): see 10253

10253 חוּט (ḥûṭ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2562 Str 2338; TWOT 2723—1. LN 45 (most versions), (hafel) repair (Ezr 4:12+), for another interp, see below; 2. LN 45 lay a foundation (NAB, NJB, see BHS ftn.), (Ezr 4:12+), note: for yet another cj of the root, see; 3. LN 24.1–24.51 inspect survey (NEB) a wall (Ezr 4:12+)

חור (ḥwr): see 10254

10254 חִוָּר (ḥiw·wār): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 2578 Str 2358; TWOT 2724—1. LN 79.27 white, the color of snow (Da 7:9+), see also 10758; 2. LN 14.50 brilliant, radiant, a figurative extension of prior entry (Da 7:9+); 3. LN 88.24–88.35 pure, holy, without any defilement, a figurative extension of the prior entries (Da 7:9+), note: the hoary head for wisdom, the white, dazzling clothing for purity or holiness

חזה (ḥzh): see 10255

10255 חֲזָה (ḥǎzā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2600 Str 2370; TWOT 2725—1. LN 24.1–24.51 (peal) see, look, watch; the normal function of sight as a sensory event (Da 3:25, 27; 5:5, 23+); 2. LN 32.11–32.18 (peal) realize, perceive as a function of understanding (Ezr 4:14; Da 2:8+); 3. LN 33.476–33.489 (peal) be revealed, have a revelatory vision or dream that communicated truth, but is not necessarily a function of the eye as a sensory event (Da 2:26); 4. LN 13.48–13.68 (peal pass.) be usual, be customary, beyond what is normal as a change of state (Da 3:19+)

חֵזוּ (ḥē·zû): see 10256

10256 חֱזוּ (ḥězû): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2376; TWOT 2725a—1. LN 33.476–33.489 (conceived as a whole), a vision, appearance of something in the mind as a supernatural revelation to communicate a truth, not seen as a sensory perception (Da 2:19, 28; 4:2[EB 5],6[EB 9],7[EB 10],10[EB 13]; 7:1, 2, 7, 13, 15+); 2. LN 33.476–33.489 an appearance of something that distinguishes from other objects note: this distinguishing is still in the context of a vision in the mind (Da 7:20+)

10257 חֲזוֹת (ḥǎzôṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2379; TWOT 2725b—LN 33.476–33.489 a visible sight (Da 4:8[EB 11],17[EB 20]+), note: in the context of a supernatural revelation

חטא (ḥṭʾ): see 10258, 10259, 10260

חֲטָאָה (ḥǎṭā·ʾā(h)): see 10258

10258 חַטָּאָה (ḥǎṭ·ṭā·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 2633 Str 2402; TWOT 2726b—LN 53.16–53.27 Q sin offering (Ezr 6:17+)

חֲטָאָךְ (ḥǎṭā·ʾāḵ): see 10259 Q n.masc. + suff. 2ms.

10259 חֲטָי (ḥǎṭāy): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 2628 Str 2408; TWOT 2726a—LN 88.289–88.318 sin (Da 4:24[EB 27]+)

10260 חַטָּיָא (ḥǎṭ·ṭā·yā(ʾ)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 2633 Str 2409; TWOT 2726b—LN 53.16–53.27 sin offering (Ezr 6:17 BHS+)

10261 חַי (ḥǎy): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 2644, 2645 Str 2417; TWOT 2727a—1. LN 23.88–23.128 (pertaining to) living, being alive and active in affairs, yet not mere physical life; as an attribute of God (Da 4:31[EB 34]; 6:21[EB 20],27[EB 26]+), note: see also חַי (ḥǎy) just below; 2. LN 23.88–23.128 living people, as a class of persons (Da 2:30; 4:14[EB 17]), note: for n., see next entry

חַי (ḥǎy): n.[masc.] [served by 10261]; ≡ DBLHebr 2644, 2645—1. LN 23.88–23.128 life (Ezr 6:10; Da 7:12+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 23.129–23.141 health, well-being (Ezr 6:10+)

חֲיָא (ḥǎyā(ʾ)): see 10262

חיה (ḥyh): see 10262

10262 חֲיָה (ḥǎyā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2649 Str 2418; TWOT 2727—1. LN 23.88–23.128 (peal imv.) live, be alive; for another interp and verses, see next; 2. LN 33.20–33.24 Greetings, formally, long live the king!, implying great respect or fear (Da 2:4; 3:9; 5:10; 6:7[EB 6],22[EB 21]+); 3. LN 23.88–23.128 (hafel) spare, let live, with the focus on the retaining of animate life (Da 5:19+), for another interp, see next; 4. LN 13.48–13.68 (hafel) restore, let live, with the focus on the restoration to a prior status or position (Da 5:19+)

חֵיוָא (ḥê·wā(ʾ)): see 10263

10263 חֵיוָה (ḥê·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 2651 Str 2423; TWOT 2727b—1. LN 4 wild animal, quadruped animal that lives on land in the wild (Da 2:38; 4:9[EB 12],11[EB 14],12[EB 15],13[EB 16],18[EB 21],20[EB 23],22[EB 25],29[EB 32]; 5:21+); 2. LN 4.2 monsters, animal-like composites that are awesome and terrifying (Da 7:3(9xs) passim)

חיט (ḥyṭ) or חִיט (ḥîṭ): see 10253

חיל (ḥyl): see 10264

10264 חַיִל (ḥǎ·yil): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2657 Str 2429; TWOT 2728—1. LN 76 strength, power (Ezr 4:23+), see also 10013 last; 2. LN 55.7–55.13 army (Da 3:20; 4:32[EB 35]+); 3. LN 33.80–33.84 loud voice, a crying out, forceful shout (Da 3:4; 4:11[EB 14]; 5:7+)

10265 חַכִּים (ḥǎk·kîm): adj. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 2682 Str 2445; TWOT 2729a—LN 32.24–32.41 wise men, sages; usually pertaining to a high social/religious class that would help interpret various omens (Da 2:12, 13, 14, 18, 24,48; 4:3[EB 6],15[EB 18]; 5:7, 8, 15+), in with a singular reference in Da 2:21, 27+

חכם (ḥkm): see 10265, 10266

10266 חָכְמָה (ḥāḵ·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 2683 Str 2452; TWOT 2729b—LN 32.24–32.41 wisdom, prudence, discretionary understanding (Ezr 7:25; Da 2:20, 21, 23, 30; 5:11,14+)

חלם (ḥlm): see 10267

10267 חֵלֶם (ḥē·lěm): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2706 Str 2493; TWOT 2730—LN 33.476–33.489 dream, a visionary revelation from God as an omen of the future (Da 2:4; 4:2[EB 5]; 5:12; 7:1)

חלף (ḥlp): see 10268

10268 חֲלַף (ḥǎlǎp̄): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2736 Str 2499; TWOT 2731—LN 67.73–67.77 (peal impf.) passing of time, pass. by (Da 4:13[EB 16],20[EB 23],22[EB 25],29[EB 32]+), see also 10530

חלק (ḥlq): see 10269, 10412

10269 חֲלָק (ḥǎlāq): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 2750 Str 2508; TWOT 2732a—1. LN 1.82–1.85 province, an administrative lot, a portion of a kingdom, i.e., the Syrian province (Ezr 4:16+); 2. LN 85.67–85.85 dwell (among), reside in a certain place or physical lot, with the focus on where he will live (Da 4:12[EB 15],20[EB 23]+); 3. LN 41.1–41.24 behave, live (like), with the focus on the behavior that would be his lot in life (Da 4:12[EB 15],20[EB 23]+)

חֱמָא (ḥěmā(ʾ)): see 10270

10270 חֲמָה (ḥǎmā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 2779 Str 2528; TWOT 2733—LN 88.171–88.191 fury, rage; בִּרְגַז וַחֲמָה (bir·ḡǎz wǎ·ḥǎmā(h)) extremely angry, in an utter rage, formally, in anger and fury (Da 3:13, 19+)

חמר (ḥmr): see 10271

10271 חֲמַר (ḥǎmǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2815 Str 2562; TWOT 2734—LN 6.197–6.202 wine, a fermented beverage made of grape juice (Ezr 6:9; 7:22; Da 5:1, 2, 4, 23+)

10272 חִנְטָה (ḥin·ṭā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 2636 Str 2591; TWOT 2735—LN 3.33–3.46 wheat, wheat seed; a genus of cereal grain (Ezr 6:9; 7:22+)

חנהךְ (ḥnhk): see 10273

10273 חֲנֻכָּה (ḥǎnǔk·kā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 2853 Str 2597; TWOT 2736—1. LN 53.28–53.32 (ceremonial religious) dedication, an act. of cleansing for community sin, and purification of the building for God (Ezr 6:16, 17+), for another focus, see next; 2. LN 51 dedication, with the focus on celebration and joy (Ezr 6:16, 17+); 3. LN 53.1–53.15 a worship event, of a graven image (Da 3:2, 3+)

חנן (ḥnn): see 10274

10274 חֲנַן (ḥǎnǎn): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2858 Str 2604; TWOT 2737—1. LN 88.66–88.74 (peal inf.) be kind, show mercy (Da 4:24[EB 27]); 2. LN 33.161–33.177 (hitpaal ptcp.) ask for help, implore, entreat, beseech (Da 6:12[EB 11]+)

10275 חֲנַנְיָה (ḥǎnǎn·yā(h)): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2863—LN 93-person Hananiah (Da 2:17+), note: see also 10701

10276 חַסִּיר (ḥǎs·sîr): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 2894—1. LN 57.38–57.48 wanting, lacking, not enough of something (Da 5:27+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 86 light, not heavy (Da 5:27+); 3. LN 58.1–58.13 deficient, defective, of inferior quality (Da 5:27+)

חסן (ḥsn): see 10277

10277 חֲסַן (ḥǎsǎn): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2889 Str 2631; TWOT 2738—1. LN 57.1–57.21 (hafel) take possession of, own, possess, have a transfer of ownership (Da 7:18, 22+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 have royal authority, rule, reign, formally, possess a kingdom (Da 7:18, 22+)

10278 חֱסֵן (ḥěsēn): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2890 Str 2632; TWOT 2738a—1. LN 37 royal power, i.e., might or forceful to rule or control (Da 2:37; 4:27[EB 30]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 65 wealth (Da 2:37; 4:27[EB 30]+)

חֵסֶן (ḥē·sěn): see 10278

10279 חֲסַף (ḥǎsǎp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2635; TWOT 2739—LN 2.14–2.28 clay, a natural substance that can be formed into various objects (Da 2:33, 34, 35, 41,42, 43,45+), note: in certain contexts, this is clay formed into an image, and likely kilned or baked so as to shatter; other contexts wet clay, see 10298

חסר (ḥsr) or חַסִּר (ḥǎs·sir): see 10276

חצף (ḥṣp): see 10280

10280 חֲצַף (ḥǎṣǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2685; TWOT 2740—1. LN 88.135–88.138 (hafel fem. ptcp.) show harshness, be extreme, be severe, be strict (Da 2:15; 3:22+), for another interp, see below; 2. LN 37.33–37.34 (most versions) be urgent, compelling, implying punishment for failure to comply (Da 3:22+); 3. LN 88.206–88.222 be insolent, overbearing, implying hubris or arrogance (from Daniel’s point of view), (Da 2:15+)

חרב (ḥrb): see 10281

10281 חֲרַב (ḥǎrǎḇ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 2990 Str 2718; TWOT 2741—LN 20.31–20.60 (hofal pf. 3fs.) be destroyed, be devastated, be laid waste (Ezr 4:15+)

10282 חַרְטֹם (ḥǎr·ṭōm): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3033 Str 2749; TWOT 2742—LN 53.96–53.101 diviner, an interpreter of mysterious dream omens, as a class people; (most versions) magician (Da 2:10, 27; 4:4[EB 7],6[EB 9]; 5:11+)

חרך (ḥrk): see 10283

10283 חֲרַךְ (ḥǎrǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 2761; TWOT 2743—1. LN 14.63–14.73 (hitpaal pf.) be singed, be scorched, i.e., the hair be burned on the edges, (Da 3:27+); 2. LN 21.9–21.13 be unharmed, the figurative extension of prior entry (Da 3:27+)

10284 חֲרַץ (ḥǎrǎṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 2743 Str 2783; TWOT 2744—1. LN 8.9–8.69 hips, קְטַר חֲרַץ (qeṭǎr ḥǎrǎṣ), formally, (joint of) the hip (Da 5:6+), note: this phrase is rendered: legs (NIV, REB), limbs (RSV, NRSV, NEB) (Da 5:6+); 2. LN 74.22–74.28 lose strength, become weak; formally, the hip joints become loose; this is the figurative extension of the prior entry (Da 5:6+)

חשׁב (ḥšb): see 10285

10285 חֲשַׁב (ḥǎšǎḇ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3108 Str 2804; TWOT 2745—LN 31.1–31.7 (peal pass. ptcp.) be regarded, have an opinion about, have a certain thought for (Da 4:32[EB 35]+)

10286 חֲשׁוֹךְ (ḥǎšôḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 3125 Str 2816; TWOT 2747—1. LN 14.53–14.62 darkness, lack of light (Da 2:22+); 2. LN 28.68–28.83 what is unknown, secret things; the figurative extension of prior entry (Da 2:22+)

חשׁח (ḥšḥ): see 10287

10287 חֲשַׁח (ḥǎšǎḥ): v.—LN 71.21–71.33 (peal ptcp. pl.) need to, be necessary (Da 3:16+)

10288 חַשְׁחָה (ḥǎš·ḥā(h)): n.fem.—LN 71.21–71.33 (with) מָה (mā(h)) what is needed, a need, implying what is necessary (Ezr 6:9+)

10289 חַשְׁחוּ (ḥǎš·ḥû): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2819; TWOT 2746b—LN 71.21–71.33 what is needed, a need, implying what is necessary (Ezr 7:20+)

חשׁךְ (ḥšk): see 10286

חשׁל (ḥšl): see 10290

10290 חֲשַׁל (ḥǎšǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2827; TWOT 2748—LN 19.43–19.54 (peal) pulverize, crush, smash (Da 2:40+)

חתם (ḥtm): see 10291

10291 חֲתַם (ḥǎṯǎm): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3159 Str 2857; TWOT 2749—LN 6.55 (peal) affix a seal with a signet ring (Da 6:18[EB 17]+)

ט

10292 ט (ṭ): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 3172—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

טאב (ṭʾb): see 10293

10293 טְאֵב (ṭeʾēḇ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3201, 3512, 10320 Str 2868; TWOT 2750—LN 25.116–25.134 (peal pf.) be pleased, be glad (most versions), formally, be good to שַׂגִּיא טְאֵב (śǎg·gî(ʾ) ṭeʾēḇ) be very glad, have sheer joy, be delighted (Da 6:24[EB 23]+)

10294 טָב (ṭāḇ): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 3202 Str 2869; TWOT 2750a—1. LN 25.85–25.98 pleasing, happy (Ezr 5:17+); 2. LN 79.97–79.99 pure, unalloyed, unmixed (Da 2:32+), for another interp, see next; 3. LN 73 genuine, true, the real thing (Da 2:32+)

טבח (ṭbḥ): see 10295

10295 טַבָּח (ṭǎb·bāḥ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3184 Str 2877; TWOT 2751—1. LN 37.48–37.95 (most versions,) רַב־טַבָּח (rǎḇ-·ṭǎb·bāḥ) the royal chief of police, i.e., head of the elite body-guard unit of the king; of which one of his functions is executioner (Da 2:14+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 20.61–20.88 executioner (NRSV, NJB), one whose sole function is to put enemies of the kingdom to death (Da 2:14+)

טוה (ṭwh): see 10297

10296 טוּר (ṭûr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7446 Str 2906; TWOT 2752—1. LN 1.46–1.50 (most versions) mountain, an elevated land formation (Da 2:35, 45+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 1.46–1.50 crag, a large, steep rock formation (Da 2:35, 45+)

10297 טְוָת (ṭewāṯ): adv.; ≡ Str 2908; TWOT 2753—LN 23.29–23.31 in hunger, in fasting, without eating, implying the affecting or altering of the sensory state with the effects of fasting: dryness of mouth, slight stupor, a dull feeling, etc. (Da 6:19[EB 18]+)

טין (ṭyn): see 10298

10298 טִין (ṭîn): n.[masc.] [see also 10279]; ≡ DBLHebr 3226 Str 2917; TWOT 2754—LN 2.14–2.28 wet clay (Da 2:41, 43+)

10299 טַל (ṭǎl): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 3228 Str 2920; TWOT 2755—1. LN 14.10–14.14 dew as a product of weather conditions, i.e., droplets of moisture caused normally by condensation, esp. at night (Da 4:12[EB 15],20[EB 23],22[EB 25],30[EB 33]; 5:21+), note: animals can be partially watered by grazing on dew-covered grass in the morning, see also 10607; 2. LN 2.7–2.13 water drop, dew as a natural substance, see above for verses

טלל (ṭll)[1] KB: see 10299

טלל (ṭll)[2] KB: see 10300

10300 טְלַל (ṭelǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7511 Str 2927; TWOT 2756—1. LN 14.60 (hafel) seek shade (most versions) (Da 4:9[EB 12]+); 2. LN 85.67–85.85 (hafel) find shelter, dwell, reside (NIV, NJB, NEB, REB), (Da 4:9[EB 12]+); 3. LN 6.147 nest, make a nest for birds (Da 4:9[EB 12]+), note: apparently this definition depends on reconstruction of the phrasing of the Hebrew text, KB, Holladay, cf. Da 4:18[EB 21]

טעם (ṭʿm): see 10301, 10302

10301 טְעֵם (ṭeʿēm): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3247 Str 2939, 2941; TWOT 2757, 2757a—LN 23.9–23.10 (pael) give to eat, cause to graze, feed someone by putting out to graze (Da 4:22[EB 25],29[EB 32]; 5:21+)

10302 טְעֵם (ṭeʿēm): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3248 Str 2942; TWOT 2757a—1. LN 33.323–33.332 a command, a decree, an order, written prescription (Ezr 4:19; 5:3; 6:1; 7:13; Da 3:10; 4:3[EB 6]; 6:27[EB 26]); 2. LN 88.283–88.288 intoxication, with בְּ־ (b) under the influence (formally, command) of wine (Da 5:2+), for another interp, see next; 3. LN 90.78 tasting, the drinking of wine, focusing on the experience of pleasure of the event (Da 5:2+); 4. LN 32.24–32.41 understanding, good sense, tact (Da 2:14+); 5. LN 36.12–36.30 obedience, i.e., to pay attention to someone and then obey (Da 3:12; 6:14[EB 13]+); 6. LN 33.35–33.68 report, a written memo, implying an advisory purpose (Ezr 5:5+); 7. LN 33.69–33.108 account, reporting that implying subordination to another (Da 6:3+); 8. LN 37.48–37.95 officer (Ezr 4:8) see 10116

10303 טְפַר (ṭep̄ǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7632 Str 2953; TWOT 2758—1. LN 8 human nails of the hand or foot, i.e., a body part (Da 4:30[EB 33]+); 2. LN 8 claws, of a monster, appearing apparently as some sort of mammal (Da 7:19+), for another interp, see next; 3. LN 20 instrument of destruction, formally, bronze claws; a figurative extension of the prior entry (Da 7:19+)

טרד (ṭrd): see 10304

10304 טְרַד (ṭerǎḏ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3265 Str 2957; TWOT 2759—LN 38.1–38.13 (peal ptcp. pl.) drive away; (as n.) one expelled, banished person, be chased away (like an animal) as a form of punishment (Da 4:22[EB 25],29[EB 32]+); (peal pass.) be led away, be banished (Da 4:30[EB 33]; 5:21+)

10305 טַרְפְּלָי (ṭǎr·pelāy): n.pr.g or n.—1. LN 93-place Tarpelite (ASV, KJV, NKJV), from Tripolis (NIV), (Ezr 4:9+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 37.35–37.47 officer, as a class of people, chief officer, Persian officer (NASB, RSV, NRSV, NAB, NEB, REB, NJB), (Ezr 4:9+)

טַרְפְּלָיֵא (ṭǎr·pelā·yē(ʾ)): n.pl. + det.—see 10305

י

10306 י (y): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 3275—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

10307 ־ִי (i-y): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.1cs.) with masc.n. in the singular—LN 92.1–92.3 I, me (Ezr 4:18; 7:13; Da 3:14)

יבל (ybl): see 10308

10308 יְבַל (yeḇǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3297 Str 2987; TWOT 2760—1. LN 15.187–15.211 (hafel) bring, take by carrying (Ezr 5:14; 6:3, 5; 7:15+); see also 10351, 10502; 2. LN 53.16–53.27 (safel) offer a burnt offering (Ezr 6:3cj.+, see also 10079, 10080, 10351, 10443, 10502), note: this is a possible emendation to the phrase, “lay a foundation,” to “offer a fire offering” (RSV, NRSV, NEB, REB), most versions, see prior entry for this verse

יבשׁ (ybš): see 10309

10309 יַבְּשָׁה (yǎb·bešā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 3317 Str 3007; TWOT 2761—1. LN 1.39–1.45 (most versions) earth, anywhere in the world (Da 2:10+), for another focus, see next; 2. LN 1.60–1.68 dry land, as opposed to the bodies of water (Da 2:10+), note: though this is a possible meaning, which the ety. favors, the meaning from context suggests the prior entry

יַבֶּשֶׁת (yǎb·bě·šěṯ): see 10309

10310 יְגַר (yeḡǎr): n.pr.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 1681, 3337—1. LN 93-place Jegar (Sahadutha), i.e., the place of an agreement is made (Ge 31:47+); 2. LN 80.5–80.7 boundary marker, a pile of stones as a monument of an agreement (Ge 31:47+)

10311 יַד (yǎḏ): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 3338 Str 3028; TWOT 2763—1. LN 8.30 hand a part of the human body (Ezr 7:14; Da 2:34, 45; 5:5,24+); 2. LN 4 paw, part of an animal body (Da 6:28[EB 27]+), for another interp, see next; 3. LN 76.3 power, might, strength (Da 3:15, 17; 4:32[EB 35]; 6:28[EB 27+]); a figurative extension of the first entry; 4. LN 37.14 control, direction, possession (Ezr 5:8, 12; 7:25; Da 2:38; 5:23; 7:25+); 5. LN 68.58–68.62 try, attempt, formally, stretch forth the hand (Ezr 6:12+)

יְדָא (yeḏā(ʾ)): see 10312

ידה (ydh): see 10312

10312 יְדָה (yeḏā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3344 Str 3029; TWOT 2764—1. LN 33.349–33.353 (hafel ptcp.) give thanks express gratitude (most versions) (Da 2:23; 6:11[EB 10]+); 2. LN 33.354–33.364 give praise, express excellence and attributes of someone (NJB, NEB, REB), note: the difference in meaning between these two entries is subtle and sometimes clouded, but in common, they both have the element of spoken, verbal, rational propositions

ידע (ydʿ): see 10313

10313 יְדַע (yeḏǎʿ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3359 Str 3046; TWOT 2765—1. LN 32.11–32.18 (peal) know, come to understand, recognize, implying personal knowledge (Da 4:6); 2. LN 33.274 acknowledge, make confession, publicly admit, implying allegiance (Da 4:22[EB 25],23[EB 26],29[EB 32]; 5:21); 3. LN 28.1–28.16 (peal pass.) know, have knowledge, with the focus on the information given or received (Ezr 4:12); 4. LN 28.28–28.56 (hafel) make known, tell, inform (Ezr 4:14); 5. LN 33.134–33.155 explain, interpret, tell the meaning (Da 2:15; 7:16)

יהב (yhb): see 10314

10314 יְהַב (yehǎḇ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3364 Str 3052; TWOT 2766—1. LN 57.152 (peal & peal pass.) give or be given, i.e., impart an object to another (Da 2:21, 48; 5:28), note: the object may be a material or abstract object; (hitpeel) be given as payment, pay out money or valuables (Ezr 4:20; 6:4, 8); 2. LN 45 יְהַב אֹשׁ (yehǎḇ ʾōš) lay a building foundation (Ezr 5:16+); 3. LN 35.47–35.50 entrust to the care of something (Ezr 7:19+); 4. LN 13.138 (peal pass.) be allowed (Da 7:12+); 5. LN 37 יְהַב בְּ־ יַד (yehǎḇ b- yǎḏ) place in authority over, control, rule over, formally, give into the hand (Ezr 5:12; Da 2:38; 7:25+)

10315 יְהוּד (yehûḏ): n.pr.loc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3373—LN 93-place Judah, Judea, a district or territory (Ezr 5:1, 8; 7:14; Da 2:25; 5:13; 6:14[EB 13]+)

יְהוּדַי (yehû·ḏǎy): see 10316

10316 יְהוּדָי (yehû·ḏāy): n.pr.gpl.; ≡ DBLHebr 3374—LN 93.172 Jews (Ezr 4:12, 23; 5:1, 5; 6:7,8, 14; Da 3:8, 12+)

10317 יוֹם (yôm): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3427 Str 3118; TWOT 2767—1. LN 67.142–67.162 period of time, an actual period of time, indefinite in scope, from either the past or future (Ezr 4:15, 19; Da 2:28, 44); 2. LN 67.136–67.141 duration of time in reference to another period of time (Da 4:31[EB 34]; 5:11); 3. LN 67.178 יוֹם בְּ־ יוֹם (yôm b- yôm) daily, formally, day by day (Ezr 6:9+); 4. LN 67.178 day, definite period of time usually reckoned from sunrise to its setting (Ezr 6:15; Da 6:8[EB 7], 11[EB 10], 13[EB 12], 14[EB 13]+); 5. LN 12.1–12.42 עַתִּיק יוֹמִין (ʿǎt·tîq yô·mîn) Ancient of Days (Da 7:9, 13, 22+), see 10578

10318 יוֹצָדָק (yô·ṣā·ḏāq): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3392—LN 93-person Jozadak (Ezr 5:2+)

יזב (yzb): see 10706

יזן (yzn): see 10396

יחם (yḥm): see 10270

10319 יְחַת (yeḥǎṯ): v.—LN 45 (pael pf. 3mp.) build a wall (on a foundation), (Ezr 4:12cj Rosenthal+), see also 10253

יטב (yṭb): see 10320

10320 יְטַב (yeṭǎḇ): v. [see also 10293]; ≡ DBLHebr 3201, 3512 Str 3191; TWOT 2768—1. LN 30 (peal impf.) seem best, to consider or think the right course (Ezr 7:18+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 25.85–25.98 be pleased, have an attitude of acceptability (Ezr 7:18+)

יכל (ykl): see 10321

10321 יְכִל (yeḵil): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3523 Str 3202; TWOT 2769—1. LN 74 (peal) be able, be capable, have the potency to accomplish something (Da 2:10, 27, 47; 3:17, 29; 4:15[EB 18],34[EB 37]; 5:16; 6:5[EB 4],21[EB 20]+); 2. LN 39.52–39.61 overpower, overwhelm, subdue (Da 7:21+)

10322 יַם (yǎm): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3542 Str 3221; TWOT 2770—1. LN 1.69–1.78 sea, ocean, a body of water (Da 7:2, 3+); 2. LN 1.17–1.25 nether regions, underworld, a place below the surface of the earth, a place of chaos, monsters, and mystery; a figurative extension of the prior entry (Da 7:2, 3+)

יסף (ysp): see 10323

10323 יְסַף (yesǎp̄): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3578 Str 3255; TWOT 2771—1. LN 13.48–13.68 (hofal pf. 3fs.) be added, have an addition in one’s status, glory, or power (Da 4:33[EB 36]+); 2. LN 87.19–87.57 רְבוּ יַתִּירָה יְסַף לִי (reḇû yǎt·tî·rā(h) yesǎp̄ lî) I have a very high status and power

יעט (yʿṭ): see 10324

10324 יְעַט (yeʿǎṭ): v. [see also 10325]; ≡ DBLHebr 3619—LN 30.56–30.74 (itpaal) take counsel together, deliberate and come to agreement, conspire (Da 6:8[EB 7]+)

10325 יָעֵט (yā·ʿēṭ): n.masc. [Holladay, KB: peal ptcp. (used subst.)] [see also 10324]; ≡ DBLHebr 3619—LN 33.294–33.298 adviser, counselor (Ezr 7:14, 15+)

יצא (yṣʾ): see 10707

יצב (yṣb): see 10326

10326 יְצַב (yeṣǎḇ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3656 Str 3321; TWOT 2773—LN 70 (pael inf.) make certain of, i.e., have a degree of certainty such that the meaning is then considered true (Da 7:19+)

יצד (yṣd): see 10609

10327 יַצִּיב (yǎṣ·ṣîḇ): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 586 Str 3330; TWOT 2773a—1. LN 31.35–31.49 (with) מִן־ (min-) (adv.) certainly (know), (believe) to be true (Da 2:8+); 2. LN 69.1 (adv.) certainly so, yes!; a marker of strong affirmation (Da 3:24+); 3. LN 70 (n.fem.) true meaning (Da 7:16+); 4. LN 70 true (Da 2:45+); 5. LN 13.69–13.103 prevails, remains as is (Da 6:13[EB 12]+)

יקד (yqd): see 10328

10328 יְקַד (yeqǎḏ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3678 Str 3345; TWOT 2774—LN 14.63–14.73 (peal ptcp. fem.) נוּר יְקַד (nûr yeqǎḏ) a red hot fire, i.e., a blazing fire which produces a relatively very high degree of heat (Da 3:6, 11, 15, 17, 20, 21, 23, 26+)

10329 יְקֵדָה (yeqē·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 3678, 3679, 3683 Str 3346; TWOT 2774a—LN 14.66 אֶשָּׁא יְקֵדָה (ʾěš·šā(ʾ) yeqē·ḏā(h)) a consuming (fire), a blazing fire which produces a relatively very high degree of heat to devour a corpse (Da 7:11+)

10330 יַקִּיר (yǎq·qîr): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 3692 Str 3358; TWOT 2775a—1. LN 37.48–37.95 the honorable, the noble; a title of a king (Ezr 4:10+); 2. LN 22.29–22.34 difficult, hard (Da 2:11+), for another interp, see next; 3. LN 71 improbable, not likely, i.e., a difficulty verging on impossibility (Da 2:11+)

יקר (yqr): see 10331

10331 יְקָר (yeqār): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3702 Str 3367; TWOT 2775a—LN 87.19–87.57 glory, honor, have a relatively high status (Da 2:6, 37; 4:27[EB 30],33[EB 36]; 5:18, 20; 7:14+)

יְרוּשְׁלֵם (yerû·šelēm): see 10332

10332 יְרוּשְׁלֶם (yerû·šelěm): n.pr.loc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3731—1. LN 93.480 Jerusalem (Ezr 4:12; Da 5:2; 6:11[EB 10); 2. LN 93.481 Jerusalemite, the people of Jerusalem, i.e., the Jews (Ezr 4:8, 20+]

10333 יְרַח (yerǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3732 Str 3393; TWOT 2776—LN 67.174 month, a definite unit of time based on the lunar cycle (Ezr 6:15; Da 4:26[EB 29]+)

ירך (yrk): see 10334

10334 יַרְכָה (yǎr·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 3751 Str 3410; TWOT 2777—1. LN 8.48 (upper) thigh, a part of the human body (Da 2:32+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 8 loin, lower back, the soft areas between the lower ribs and hip joints, a part of the human body (Da 2:32+)

10335 יִשְׂרָאֵל (yiś·rā·ʾēl): n.pr.g; ≡ DBLHebr 3776—LN 11.58 Israel, the nation as a whole ethnic group (Ezr 5:1, 11; 6:14, 16, 17; 7:13, 15+)

10336 יֵשׁוּעַ (yē·šûaʿ): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3800—LN 93-person Jeshua (Ezr 5:2+)

ישׁן (yšn): see 10733

10337 יָת (yāṯ): pt.; ≡ DBLHebr 906 Str 3487; TWOT 2779—LN 92 untranslated marker of the direct object to which it is joined, “you have set them …” (Da 3:12+)

יתב (ytb): see 10338

10338 יְתִב (yeṯiḇ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3782 Str 3488; TWOT 2780—1. LN 17.12–17.18 (peal) sit, be seated, implying authority as of a king or council (Da 7:9, 10, 26+); 2. LN 85.67–85.85 (peal) live in, dwell (Ezr 4:17+); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 (hafel) cause to settle, cause to dwell in (Ezr 4:10+)

10339 יַתִּיר (yǎt·tîr): adj. and adv.; ≡ DBLHebr 3855 Str 3493; TWOT 2781—1. LN 58.54–58.57 (a) exceptional, outstanding, extraordinary, pre-eminent (Da 2:31; 4:33[EB 4:36]; 5:12, 14; 6:4+); 2. LN 78.1–78.27 (adv.) exceedingly, extremely, so very, i.e., to a very great degree (Da 3:22; 7:7, 19+)

יתר (ytr): see 10339

‍כ‍, ך

10340 כ‍ (k): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 3868—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

10341 כְּ‍־ (k): pt. (of comparison); ≡ DBLHebr 3869—1. LN 64 like, as, corresponding to, a particle to compare (Da 2:35b, 40; 4:30[EB 33]); 2. LN 89.8–89.11 in accordance with; a marker showing correspondence (Ezr 6:18; 7:18, 25; Da 4:5; 6:9[EB 8], 13[EB 12]); 3. LN 67.17–67.64 when, as soon as; a marker of a point in time with reference to other points of time (Da 3:7; 5:20; 6:1[EB 5:31], 11[EB 10], 15[EB 14], 21[EB 20]); 4. LN 67.142–67.162 about, approximate; a marker of an indeterminate unit of time (Da 4:16); 5. LN 78.13 ךְּ־ מָה (k- mā(h)) how great, how much (Da 3:33)

10342 ־ךְ (k): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.pers.2ms.) with n.fem. in the singular—LN 92.6 you, your (Ezr 4:11; 5:10; 7:13; Da 2:4; 3:12; 4:6[EB 9]; 5:10; 6:8[EB 7])

כדב (kdb): see 10343 or 10344

10343 כְּדַב (keḏǎḇ): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 3942 Str 3538; TWOT 2783—LN 33.251–33.255 misleading, false (thing), pertaining to what is told that is untrue (Da 2:9+)

10344 כִּדְבָה (kiḏ·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 3942—see 10343 מִלָּה כִדְבָה (mil·lā(h) ḵiḏ·ḇā(h)) a lie (Da 2:9+), note: formally, the thing of the lie, the first word of the phrase is redundant in English style

כְּדִי (keḏî): see 10341 + 10168 (Da 2:43; 3:7; 5:20; 6:11[EB 10], 15[EB 14]+)

10345 כָּה (kā(h)): adv.; ≡ DBLHebr 3907 Str 3542; TWOT 2784—LN 67.17–67.64 here, עַד־כָּה (ʿǎḏ-·kā(h)) to this point (is the end of the account), (Da 7:28+)

כהל (khl) or כּהל (khl): see 10346

10346 כְּהַל (kehǎl): v.; ≡ Str 3546; TWOT 2785—LN 74 (peal) be able (Da 2:26; 4:15[EB 18]; 5:8, 15+), note: often translated with the words “can” or “could.”

10347 כָּהֵן (kā·hēn): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3913 Str 3549; TWOT 2786—LN 53.87 priest, a class of people for temple service (Ezr 6:9, 16, 18; 7:12, 13, 16, 21, 24+)

10348 כַּוָּה (kǎw·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3551;—LN 7.26–7.53 (pl.) window, a normally rectangular opening in a wall of a residence, with shutters or lattice, some were recessed in the wall (Da 6:11[EB 10]+)

כול (kwl): see 10351

10349 ־כוֹן (ḵôn): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.2mp.) with masc.n. in the singular—LN 92 you, your (Ezr 7:21; Da 2:5, 9, 47; 3:4, 14, 15,31; 6:26[EB 25]+)

כּוֹר (kôr): see 10367

10350 כּוֹרֶשׁ (kô·rěš): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3931—LN 93-person Cyrus (Ezr 5:13,14, 17; 6:3,14; Da 6:29[EB 28]+)

כיל (kyl) or כּיל (kyl): see 10351

10351 כִּיל (kîl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 3920—not referenced to (itpeel ptcp. pl.) be fixed (Ezr 6:3cj)+, note: this would replace וְאֻשּׁוֹהִי מְסוֹבְלִין (weʾǔš·šô·hî mesô·ḇelîn) (17th word in BHS) “foundations be laid” with וּמִשְׁחוֹהִי מִתְּכִלִין (û·miš·ḥô·hî mit·teḵi·lîn) “measurements be fixed;” other reconstructions are suggested, see commentaries; see also 10079, 10080, 10308, 10443, 10502

כִּכַּר (kik·kǎr) or כִּכְּרִין (kik·kerîn): see 10352

10352 כַּכַּר (kǎk·kǎr): n.[fem.]; ≡ DBLHebr 3971 Str 3604; TWOT 2804a—LN 6.68–6.82 talent (a unit of weight which had value varying according to the metal weighed, variously reckoned, probably about 75lbs.), (Ezr 7:22+)

כָּל־ (kāl-): see 10353

10353 כֹּל (kōl): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 3972 Str 3606; TWOT 2789—1. LN 59.23–59.34 all, whole, the totality of any object or community (Ezr 4:20; Da 2:12), note: usually in cs., before the n. either singular or plural; 2. LN 59.23–59.34 any, any one of a totality (Ezr 6:12; 7:13; Da 2:10; 3:29); 3. LN 78.44–78.50 complete, to a degree of totality (Ezr 5:7); 4. LN 63.1–63.4 (with the det.) everything, whole, focusing on the totality (Da 2:40; 4:9[EB 12], 18[EB 21], 25[EB 28]+); 5. LN 58.21–58.30 כֹל־זַן (ḵōl-·zǎn) all kinds (Da 3:5); 6. LN 89.47 כָּל־קֳבֵל דְּנָה (kāl-·qǒḇēl denā(h)) so then, as a result (Ezr 7:17; Da 2:12; 2:24; 3:7, 8, 22; 6:10[EB 9]+); 7. LN 89.15–89.38 כָּל־קֳבֵל דִּי (kāl-·qǒḇēl dî) because, since; a marker of cause or reason (Ezr 4:14; 7:14; Da 2:8, 40; 3:29; 6:4[EB 3])

כלל (kll) or כּלל (kll): see 10354

10354 כְּלַל (kelǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 4005 Str 3635; TWOT 2788—1. LN 68.22–68.33 (shafel) finish, complete, succeed in an endeavor (Ezr 5:11; 6:14+); 2. LN 45.4 (shafel) rebuild, i.e., reconstruct a building (Ezr 4:12; 5:3, 9+); (hishtafel) be rebuilt (Ezr 4:13, 16+), for another focus, see next; 3. LN 13.67 (shafel) restore, i.e., change back to a previous state (Ezr 4:12; 5:3, 9+); (hishtafel) be restored (Ezr 4:13, 16+)

10355 ־כֹם (ḵōm): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.2mp.) with masc.n. in the singular—LN 92 you, your (Ezr 5:3, 9; 7:17, 18, 24+)

10356 כְּמָה (kemā(h)): adv. [prep. + p. interrogative] [see also 10408]; ≡ DBLHebr 4015 + 3869 + 4537—LN 78.13 (adv.) How!; a marker of a high degree on a relative scale (Da 3:33 [EB 4:3+])

10357 כֵּן (kēn): adv.; ≡ DBLHebr 4027 Str 3652; TWOT 2790—1. LN 91.1–91.15 thusly (says); a discourse marker introducing the statement to follow (Ezr 5:3; Da 2:24, 25; 4:11[EB 14]; 6:7[EB 6]; 7:5, 23+), note: sometimes redundant to English style, so not translated, or represented by the quotation mark; 2. LN 92.11–92.25 כֵּן־כְּתַב (kēn-·keṯǎḇ) this is the writing; a marker referring to what is written (Ezr 6:2+)

10358 כְּנֵמָא (kenē·mā(ʾ)): adv.; ≡ Str 3660; TWOT 2791—1. LN 91.1–91.15 thusly (says); a discourse marker introducing the statement to follow (Ezr 5:4, 9+), see note at 10357; 2. LN 61 thus, in this manner; focusing on what follows (Ezr 6:13+); 3. LN 92.11–92.25 כְּנֵמָא כְּתַב (kenē·mā(ʾ) keṯǎḇ) this is the writing; a marker referring to what is written (Ezr 4:8+); 4. LN 92.11–92.25 this, a marker of reference to what follows (Ezr 5:11+)

כנשׂ (knś): see 10359

כנשׁ (knš) or כּנשׁ (knš): see 10359

10359 כְּנַשׁ (kenǎš): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 4043 Str 3673; TWOT 2792—LN 15.123–15.134 (peal inf.) assemble cause to come together, bring together (Da 3:2+); (hitpaal ptcp. pl.) be assembled (Da 3:3, 27+), note: while possible in Da 3:2 to emend the text to a conjectured (or some such similar), לְמִכְנַשׂ מִן־ (lemiḵ·nǎś min-) (from cj כנשׂ (knś) “to gather gold from,”) the meaning of the text stands well without such reconstruction

10360 כְּנָת (kenāṯ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4056 Str 3675; TWOT 2793—1. LN 34.1–34.21 colleague, associate, one of the same class or kind (Ezr 4:9, 17, 23; 5:3, 6; 6:6, 13+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 87.81 fellow-servants, those of a status lower than a king, yet of the same class relatively high to the rest of society (Ezr 4:9, 17, 23; 5:3, 6; 6:6, 13+)

כסדי (ksdy): see 10373

10361 כַּסְדָּי (kǎs·dāy): n.pr.g; ≡ DBLHebr 4169—see 10373 an alternate spelling (Ezr 5:12 K+)

כסף (ksp): see 10362

10362 כְּסַף (kesǎp̄): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4084 Str 3702; TWOT 2794—1. LN 2.51 silver, a metal of which precious objects are made (Ezr 5:14; 6:5; Da 2:32, 35, 45; 5:2, 4, 23+); 2. LN 6.73 silver money (Ezr 7:15, 16, 17, 18, 22+), note: there may be overlap in verses and entries

10363 כְּעַן (keʿǎn): adv. (always at the beginning of a. clause); ≡ Str 3705; TWOT 2795—1. LN 67.39 now, at this time, to the present; a marker of a time in reference to other points of time (Ezr 4:14, 21; 5:16, 17; 6:6; Da 2:23; 3:15; 4:34[EB 37]; 5:12, 15, 16; 6:9[EB 8]+); 2. LN 91 now; a discourse marker to enliven the narrative, and give slight emphasis or continuation (Ezr 4:13; Da 5:15+), note: there may be overlap of the verses and entries

10364 כְּעֶנֶת (keʿě·něṯ): pt. [see also 10365]—LN 89 now and now; a marker to connect what follows (Ezr 4:10, 11; 7:13+)

10365 כְּעֶת (keʿěṯ): adv. [see also 10364]—LN 33.20–33.24 שְׁלָם וּכְּעֶת (šelām û·keʿěṯ) Greetings, formally, Peace and now, i.e., this is the proper form for an ancient letter translated in most versions; possibly as a marker to show a transition, focusing on the content to follow, redundant in English style and so left untranslated (NIV), or as indirect discourse (NJB, NAB, NEB, REB), (Ezr 4:17+), note: this may be under 91.001-LN 91.5

כפת (kpt) or כּפת (kpt): see 10366

10366 כְּפַת (kep̄ǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 3729; TWOT 2798—LN 18.12–18.23 (peal pass.) be bound (Da 3:21+); (pael inf.) tie up (Da 3:20+); (pael pass. ptcp. pl.) be tied (Da 3:23, 24+)

10367 כֹּר (kōr): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 4123—LN 81.21 cor or kor, a dry measure of volume (possibly liquids too), in OT time variously reckoned between 200 to 400 liters (ca 45 to 90 dry gallons, 53 to 106 liquid gallons), (Ezr 7:22+)

כְּרָא (kerā(ʾ)): see 10369

כַּרְבְּלָא (kǎr·belā(ʾ)): see 10368

10368 כַּרְבְּלָה (kǎr·belā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 4124 Str 3737; TWOT 2800—1. LN 6.152–6.187 headdress (REB) headgear (NJB), cap (KB, Holladay, NASB, ), turban (NIV, NKJV), mantle (ASV), hat (RSV, NRSV, KJV, NEB, NAB), (Da 3:21+), note: the ety. suggests something wrapped (around the head); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 helmet, a protective cap (BDB), note: this meaning is only appropriate if the referent is the soldiers, requiring a change in the voice of the v. in the text (Da 3:21+)

כרה (krh) or כּרה (krh): see 10369

10369 כְּרָה (kerā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3735; TWOT 2799—LN 25.223–25.250 (itpeel pf. 3fs.) be troubled, be distressed, be anxious (Da 7:15+)

10370 כָּרוֹז (kā·rôz): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3744; TWOT 2802—LN 33.256–33.261 herald, announcer, public proclaimer of the command of the king (Da 3:4+)

כרז (krz) or כּרז (krz): see 10370, 10371

10371 כְּרַז (kerǎz): v.; ≡ Str 3745; TWOT 2801—LN 33.256–33.261 (hafel pf. 3pl.) publicly proclaim, announced to the kingdom (Da 5:29+)

כֻּרְסֵא (kǔr·sē(ʾ)): see 10372

10372 כָּרְסֵא (kār·sē(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4058 Str 3764; TWOT 2803—1. LN 6.112 throne a piece of furniture for a king (Da 5:20; 7:9ab+), for another interp, see below; 2. LN 6.106–6.117 seat, a chair for a commoner (Da 7:9a+), for another interp, see prior; 3. LN 37.71 (lose) position of power, formally, be deposed from the throne (Da 5:20+), for another interp, see first entry

10373 כַּשְׂדָּי (kǎś·dāy): n.pr.g or n.; ≡ DBLHebr 4169—1. LN 93-place Chaldean (Ezr 5:12; Da 3:8 (most versions); Babylonian (NIV) 5:30+); note: in Da 3:8 because the reference is to the socio-political unit of the Jews, the context favors this as a proper n. note: the relationship between a Chaldean and Babylonian vacillated during Biblical times, at times very similar, other times quite distinct; 2. LN 32.40 astrologers, one who studies the omens in the change of the stars (Da 2:5, 10; 3:8 (NIV); 4:4[EB 7]; 5:7, 11+), note: many versions translate this group as a pr. gentilic

כתב (ktb) or כּתב (ktb): see 10374

10374 כְּתַב (keṯǎḇ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 4180 Str 3790; TWOT 2805—LN 33.61–33.67 (peal) write, inscribe a communication on a material (Ezr 4:8; 5:10; Da 5:5; 6:26[EB 25]; 7:1+); (peal pass.) be written (Ezr 5:7; 6:2+)

10375 כְּתָב (keṯāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4181 Str 3792; TWOT 2805a—1. LN 33.35–33.68 writing, inscription, i.e., any kind of written document (Ezr 6:18; Da 5:7, 8, 15, 16, 17, 24, 25+); 2. LN 57.37–57.48 לָא כְּתָב (lā(ʾ) keṯāḇ) no limit, i.e., as much as needed, formally, not prescribed (Ezr 7:22+); 3. LN 33.35–33.68 document, with the focus on its contents (Da 6:9–11[EB 8–10]+)

10376 כְּתַל (keṯǎl): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 4185 Str 3797; TWOT 2806—LN 7.46 wall (Ezr 5:8; Da 5:5+)

ל

10377 ל (l): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 4199—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

10378 לְ־ (l): prep.; ≡ DBLHebr 4200; TWOT 2807—1. LN 84.16–84.28 to, toward; a marker of extension to a spatial goal (Ezr 4:12; 5:8, 12); 2. LN 83.13 in, into; a marker of extension toward a goal which is inside an area (Ezr 4:23); 3. LN 91.6–91.12 indeed; a marker of emphasis, focusing on the totality of a number (Ezr 7:25); 4. LN 89 of; a marker of relationship (Da 7:1); 5. LN 57 have, possess (Da 7:6); 6. LN 89.55–89.64 as, for; a marker of purpose (Da 4:28b), note: often this word has little or no semantic value, but is the marker of sentence structure, as well as the marker of the infinitive

10379 לָא (lā(ʾ)): adv. [see also 10384]; ≡ DBLHebr 4202—LN 69.2–69.6 no, not; a marker of negation of a word or clause (Jer 10:11; Da 2:5, 27)

לאךְ (lʾk): see 10417

10380 לֵב (lēḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 4213 Str 3821; TWOT 2809a—see 10381 heart, mind (Da 7:28+)

לבב (lbb): see 10380, 10381

10381 לְבַב (leḇǎḇ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4222 Str 3825; TWOT 2809b—1. LN 8.9–8.69 heart, the central organ of the human body (Da 7:4+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 26.3 mind, the faculty of reasoning, thought, and understanding (Da 2:30; 4:13[EB 16]; 5:21, 22; 7:4, 28+); 3. LN 30.5 thought, with an emphasis on volitional elements (Da 5:20+); 4. LN 92.6–92.10 yourself, formally, your heart; a marker of the receptor of a message (Da 5:20, 22+), note: in English style, the לְבַב (leḇǎḇ) is tautological for the personal p., i.e., “his heart” = “him,” for another interp, see above

10382 לְבוּשׁ (leḇûš): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4230 Str 3831; TWOT 2810a—LN 6.152–6.187 clothing, garments or apparel of a general kind (Da 3:21; 7:9+)

לבשׁ (lbš): see 10382, 10383

10383 לְבַשׁ (leḇǎš): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 4252 Str 3848; TWOT 2810—LN 49 (peal impf.) wear clothing (Da 5:7, 16+); (hafel pf. 3mp.) clothe (another) (Da 5:29+)

10384 לָה (lā(h)): adv. [see also 10379]; ≡ DBLHebr 4202—LN 87.58–87.75 כְּלָה (kelā(h)) insignificant, formally, as nothing, i.e., so low in status as to not be a factor to respond to (Da 4:32+)

לֶהֱוֵא (lě·hěwē(ʾ)), לֶהֱוֵה (lě·hěwē(h)): see 10201 (peal impf. 3ms.)

לֶהֱוֹן (lě·hěwōn), לֶהֶוְיָן (lě·hěw·yān): see 10201 (peal impf. 3mp., 3fp.)

לָהֵן (lā·hēn)[1] KB: see 10385

לָהֵן (lā·hēn)[2] KB: see 10386

10385 לָהֵן (lā·hēn): c.; ≡ DBLHebr 4270—LN 89.39–89.54 so then, therefore; a marker of result (Da 2:6, 9; 4:24[EB 27]+)

10386 לָהֵן (lā·hēn): c. and pt.—1. LN 89.138 except, unless; a marker of contrastive conjunction (Da 2:11; 3:28; 6:6[EB 5],8[EB 7],13[EB 12]+); 2. LN 89.124–89.138 but, but rather; marker of an adversative particle, showing contrast (Da 2:30; Ezr 5:12+)

10387 לֵוָי (lē·wāy): n.pr.masc.g; ≡ DBLHebr 4290, 4291—1. LN 53.91 Levite, a group of workers in the temple ministry (Ezr 6:16, 18; 7:13, 24+); 2. LN 93-person Levite, the ethnic name of person belonging to the clan of Levi (Ezr 6:16, 18; 7:13, 24+)

10388 לְוָת (lewāṯ): prep.; ≡ Str 3890; TWOT 2813—LN 83.23–83.32 מִן־לְוָת (min-·lewāṯ) from, formally, from near (you); a position relatively close to another position (Ezr 4:12+)

לחם (lḥm): see 10389

10389 לְחֶם (leḥěm): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4312 Str 3900; TWOT 2814—LN 23.22 banquet meal, a festive occasion with religious inferences (Da 5:1+)

לְחֵם (leḥēm): see 10389

10390 לְחֵנָה (leḥē·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3904; TWOT 2815—1. LN 10.53–10.61 concubine, a wife of lower status in a polygamous society (Da 5:2, 3, 23+), see also 10699; 2. LN 53.66–53.95 temple servant, which may or may not have relations with the king (Da 5:2, 3, 23+), for another interp, see next; 3. LN 10.53–10.61 שֵׁגַל וּלְחֵנָה (šē·ḡǎl û·leḥē·nā(h)) two classes of lower status women related to the king, for (sexual) pleasure, the exact relationship is variously interpreted, 1. two classes of wives: wives and concubines (ASV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, NIV, KJV, NKJV); 2. a class of wife, and a temple worker: wives and entertainers (NAB), concubines and courtesans (NEB, REB), wives and women who sang (NJB); 3. a class of spouse, and a class of a woman for pleasure: consorts and mistresses (Goldingay), consorts and concubines (Collins)

לֵילָא (lê·lā(ʾ)): see 10391

10391 לֵילֵי (lê·lê): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 4325, 4326 Str 3916; TWOT 2816—LN 67.192 night, the period of time between sunset and sunrise (Da 2:19; 5:30; 7:2, 7, 13+)

לְמָא (lemā(ʾ)): see 10394 (Ezr 6:8+)

לְמָה (lemā(h)): see 10408 (Ezr 4:22; 7:23+)

לִמְהָךְ (lim·hāḵ): prep. + peal inf.—see 10378 + 10207

לְמֵזֵא (lemē·zē(ʾ)): prep. + peal inf.—see 10378 + 10015

לְמֵתֵא (lemē·ṯē(ʾ)): prep. + peal inf.—see 10378 + 10085

לשׁן (lšn): see 10392

10392 לִשָּׁן (liš·šān): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4383 Str 3961; TWOT 2817—LN 33.2 language, a distinct, rational form of communication unique to a socio-linguistic group, i.e., a national people or group (Da 3:4, 7, 29, 31[EB 4:1]; 5:19; 6:26[EB 25]; 7:14+)

‍מ‍, ם

10393 מ‍ (m): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 4391—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

10394 מָא (mā(ʾ)): p. (relative); ≡ DBLHebr 4537 Str 3964; TWOT 2822—see 10408 (Ezr 6:8+)

10395 מְאָה (meʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 4395 Str 3969; TWOT 2818—1. LN 60.33 a hundred, a cardinal number (Ezr 6:17ac 7:22; Da 6:2[EB 1]+); 2. LN 60.34 (dual) two hundred, a cardinal number (Ezr 6:17b+)

10396 מֹאזְנֵא (mō(ʾ)·zenē(ʾ)): n.masc. (with det. in the L.F.); ≡ DBLHebr 4404 Str 3977; TWOT 2819—1. LN 6.214 balance scale, an instrument for weighing objects relative to a standardized system of weights (Da 5:27+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 30.108–30.122 תְּקִילְתָּה בְמֹאזַנְיָא (teqîlet·tā(h) ḇemō(ʾ)·zǎn·yā(ʾ)) objective evaluation, a figurative extension of the prior entry; formally, you (i.e., your actions) are weighed on scales (Da 5:27+)

מֹאזַנְיָא (mō(ʾ)·zǎn·yā(ʾ)): see 10396

10397 מֵאמַר (mē(ʾ)·mǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 4411 Str 3983; TWOT 2585a—1. LN 33.161–33.177 ךְּ־ מֵאמַר (k- mē(ʾ)·mǎr) request, what is asked for, implying administrative authority, formally, according to the word of (Ezr 6:9+); 2. LN 30.75–30.85 determination, a judgment, implying authority (Da 4:14[EB 17]+), for another interp, see next; 3. LN 33.69–33.108 a declaration, utterance (Da 4:14[EB 17]+)

10398 מָאן (mā(ʾ)n): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 639, 641, 6700 Str 3984; TWOT 2820—LN 6.118–6.151 receptacle, vessel, an article which holds or contains something such as a cup or goblet (Ezr 5:14, 15; 6:5; 7:19; Da 5:2, 3, 23+)

10399 מְגִלָּה (meḡil·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 4479 Str 4040; TWOT 2657c—LN 6.54–6.67 scroll, a book or document in a rolled up form, made of vellum or possibly papyrus (Ezr 6:2+)

מגר (mgr): see 10400

10400 מְגַר (meḡǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 4489 Str 4049; TWOT 2821—1. LN 13.48–13.68 (pael impf. 3ms.) overthrow, depose, bring down another so as to cause a change of state (Ezr 6:12+), for another focus, see next; 2. LN 87.58–87.75 humble, cause one to become low or lower in status (Ezr 6:12+)

מָדָאָה (mā·ḏā·ʾā(h)): see 10404 Q (Da 6:1)

10401 מַדְבַּח (mǎḏ·bǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 4640 Str 4056; TWOT 2665b—LN 6.106–6.117 altar of the temple in Jerusalem (Ezr 7:17+)

10402 מִדָּה (mid·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 4501—LN 57.178–57.185 tax, tribute, a governmental revenue, the exact nature is not yet determined (Ezr 4:13, 20; 6:8; 7:24+)

10403 מְדוֹר (meḏôr): n.[masc.] [see also 10407]; ≡ Str 4070; TWOT 2669b—LN 85.67–85.85 dwelling area, a locality in which one lives (Da 4:22[EB 25],29[EB 32]; 5:21+)

10404 מָדַי (mā·ḏǎy): n.pr.g and loc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4512—1. LN 93.531 (people) a Mede (Da 5:28; 6:1[EB 5:31],9[EB 8],13[EB 12],16[EB 15]+); 2. LN 93.531 (place) Media (Ezr 6:2+)

מדיא (mdyʾ): see 10404

10405 מָדָיָא (mā·ḏā·yā(ʾ)): n.pr.g; ≡ DBLHebr 4512—see 10404 K (Da 6:1)

10406 מְדִינָה (meḏî·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 4519 Str 4083; TWOT 2674c—1. LN 1.82–1.85 (most versions) province, a governmental administrative district (Ezr 4:15; 5:8; 6:2; 7:16; Da 2:48, 49; 3:1, 2, 3, 12, 30+), for another interp, see next; 2. city, a population center, in this case, very large (Ezr 7:16; Da 2:48, 49; 3:1, 12, 30+), note: the prior entry is preferred

מַדֲּקָה (mǎd·dǎqā(h)), מַדֱּקָה (mǎd·děqā(h)): see 10182 (hafel act. ptcp. fem.sing.)

10407 מְדָר (meḏār): n.masc.—see 10403 place to live, dwelling (Da 2:11+)

10408 מָה (mā(h)): p. (interrogative); p. (relative); ≡ DBLHebr 4537 Str 4101; TWOT 2822—1. LN 92.15 Why? What?; a marker of an interrogative of reason (Ezr 4:22; 7:23; Da 2:15; 4:32[EB 35]+), compare 10190, see also 10356, 10394; 2. LN 92.27–92.28 what, whatever, that which, a relative reference to any entity, event or state (Ezr 6:8, 9; 7:18; Da 2:22, 28, 29,45; 4:32[EB 35]+); 3. LN 78.13 how!, very, to a great degree; a relatively high point on a scale involving exclamation (Da 3:33+)

מְהַחֲתִין (mehǎ·ḥǎṯîn): see 10474 hafel pass. ptcp. masc.pl. (Ezr 6:1+)

מְהֵימַן (mehê·mǎn): see 10041 (hafel pass. ptcp.)

מְהָךְ (mehāḵ): see 10207 peal inf. (Ezr 7:13+)

מות (mwt): see 10409

10409 מוֹת (môṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 4638 Str 4193; TWOT 2823—LN 23.88–23.128 death as a penalty for disobedience (Ezr 7:26+)

מֵזֵא (mē·zē(ʾ)): see 10015 peal inf.

10410 מָזוֹן (mā·zôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 2315 Str 4203; TWOT 2705a—LN 5.1–5.22 food, used generally, that which provides sustenance (Da 4:9[EB 12],18[EB 21]+)

מחא (mḥʾ): see 10411

10411 מְחָא (meḥā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 4673, 4682, 4730 Str 4223; TWOT 2824—1. LN 19.1–19.13 (peal) strike, i.e., hit a physical object (Da 2:34, 35+); 2. LN 13.143–13.163 (pael impf.) hold back, prevent, hinder, impede (Da 4:32[EB 35]+); 3. LN 20.61–20.88 (hitpeel impf.) be impaled (NASB, RSV, NRSV, NIV, NJB, NAB), i.e., to execute in a painful manner by fastening to a sharped stick or pole (Ezr 6:11+); 4. LN 18.12–18.23 fasten (ASV), with the focus on attachment; nail (BDB), hanged (KJV, NKJV), fastened and flogged (NEB, REB), (Ezr 6:11+)

מַחֵא (mǎ·ḥē(ʾ)): see 10262 (hafel ptcp.)

10412 מַחְלְקָה (mǎḥ·leqā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 4713 Str 4255; TWOT 2732b—LN 11.47 work group, subjnct.-division of Levites organized for temple service, usually along clan family lines (Ezr 6:18+)

מִחַן (mi·ḥǎn): see 10274 (peal inf.)

מטא (mṭʾ): see 10413

10413 מְטָא (meṭā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 4750 Str 4291; TWOT 2825—1. LN 84 (peal) reach out, extend from a source towards the sky or down towards a floor (Da 4:8[EB 11],17[EB 20],19[EB 22]; 6:25[EB 24]+); 2. LN 13.104–13.163 issue, have decree come to someone, have something happen (Da 4:21[EB 24],25[EB 28+]); 3. LN 15.75–15.80 approach, come into one’s presence, with an implication of association or relationship (Da 7:13+); 4. LN 13.104–13.163 happened, to have a state occur in a certain non-definite time frame (Da 7:22+)

מְטָה (meṭā(h)): see 10413

10414 מִישָׁאֵל (mî·šā·ʾēl): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4792—LN 93-person Mishael (Da 2:17+), note:same person as 10415

10415 מֵישַׁךְ (mê·šǎḵ): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4794—LN 93-person Meshach (Da 2:49; 3:12, 13, 14, 16, 19, 20, 22, 23, 26,28, 29, 30+), note:same person as 10414

מלא (mlʾ): see 10416

10416 מְלָא (melā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 4848 Str 4391; TWOT 2826—1. LN 59.35–59.43 (peal pf. 3fs.) fill, to fill up a space in total (Da 2:35+); 2. LN 78.44–78.50 (hitpeel pf. 3ms.) be filled, be angry to a complete degree, i.e., be in a complete rage (Da 3:19+)

10417 מַלְאַךְ (mǎl·ʾǎḵ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4855 Str 4398; TWOT 2827—LN 12.28 angel, a class of supernatural being, sent as messengers to do God’s biding; here, bring protection from imminent danger (Da 3:28; 6:23[EB 22]+)

10418 מִלָּה (mil·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 4863 Str 4406; TWOT 2831a—1. LN 13.104–13.163 thing, affair, matter, a general word for something that happens (Da 2:9, 10b, 11, 15, 17, 23; 5:15; 6:15[EB 14]; 7:1, 16, 28+); 2. LN 33.323–33.332 decision, decree, command; with the focus on the communication of it (Da 2:5, 8, 10; 3:22, 28; 6:13[EB 12]+); 3. LN 33.69–33.108 word, a rational spoken communication using language (Da 4:28[EB 31], 30[EB 33], 5:10, 26; 7:11, 25+)

מלח (mlḥ): see 10419, 10420

10419 מְלַח (melǎḥ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 4873, 4875 Str 4415; TWOT 2828—LN 33.463–33.469 מְלַח הֵיכַל מְלַחְנָא (melǎḥ hê·ḵǎl melǎḥ·nā(ʾ)) (peal 1p. pl.) be under obligation, formally, eat salt of the palace, implying solemn oath of loyalty to the interests of the kings, since they are on the king’s payroll (Ezr 4:14+)

10420 מְלַח (melǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4875 Str 4416; TWOT 2828a—1. LN 5.23–5.28 salt, a common, natural spice (Ezr 6:9; 7:22+); 2. LN 33.463–33.469 make a solemn pledge (Ezr 4:14+), see 10419

מלךְ (mlk)[1] KB: see 10421

מלךְ (mlk)[2] KB: see 10422

10421 מֶלֶךְ (mě·lěḵ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4889 Str 4430; TWOT 2829a—LN 37.67 king, highest royal ruler in an area which is ruled, controlling virtually all branches of government (Ezr 4:8; 5:6, 13; 6:14; Da 2:21, 28; 5:1; 6:7[EB 6]; 7:1)

10422 מְלַךְ (melǎḵ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 4888 Str 4431; TWOT 2830a—LN 33.294–33.298 advice, counsel, guidance (Da 4:24[EB 27]+)

מְלֵךְ (melēḵ): see 10422

10423 מַלְכָּה (mǎl·kā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 4893 Str 4433; TWOT 2829b—1. LN 37.48–37.95 queen, a wife of the king with high status, not likely of equal status to the king, in context, showing herself more informed about the court of the kingdom (Da 5:10+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 10.16 queen-mother, i.e., the mother of the king (Da 5:10+), note: this meaning is inferred from the context, since the queen knew more historical information about the time of the king’s father than the others in the king’sing. court.

10424 מַלְכוּ (mǎl·ḵû): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 4895 Str 4437; TWOT 2829c—1. LN 37.48–37.95 kingship, dominion, sovereign power (Da 2:37; 5:18; 7:14a, 27); 2. LN 1.82–1.85 kingdom, a spatial area that is ruled by a king, of varying sizes (Ezr 7:13); 3. LN 37.48–37.95 time of reigning, Ezr 4:24; 6:15; Da 5:26; 6:29[EB 28]+

מַלְכִים (mǎl·ḵîm): see 10421 K n.masc.pl. (hebrew) Q ־ן (n) (Ezr 4:13+)

מלל (mll): see 10425

10425 מְלַל (melǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 4910 Str 4449; TWOT 2831—LN 33.69–33.108 (pael) speak, talk, converse; with the focus on the content of what is said (Da 6:22[EB 21]; 7:8, 11, 20, 25+)

10426 מַן (mǎn): p. (interrogative); p. (relative); ≡ DBLHebr 4943 Str 4479; TWOT 2832—1. LN 92.11–92.25 Who? What?; a marker of a question, with reference to a person or thing (Ezr 5:3, 4, 9; Da 3:15+); 2. LN 92.11–92.25 מַן־דִּי (mǎn-·dî) anyone, whoever; a marker of an indefinite reference (Da 3:6, 11; 4:14[EB 17],22[EB 25],29[EB 32]; 5:21+)

10427 מִן (min): prep.; ≡ DBLHebr 4946 Str 4481; TWOT 2833—1. LN 84.1–84.15 from, out of, i.e., extension away from a spatial source (Ezr 4:12; Ezr 6:11); 2. LN 67.131 from, since (Ezr 4:15; 5:16); 3. LN 90.14–90.16 from; as the source of an event or activity (Ezr 7:20; Da 2:6); 4. LN 64 from, than; a marker of comparison, stressing difference (Da 2:30; 7:3a, 20); 5. LN 63.13–63.20 one of, partly; a marker of the relation of a part to the whole (Da 2:25, 33, 41, 42; 5:13; 6:14); 6. LN 89.4–89.7 according to; a marker of specification (Ezr 6:14); 7. LN 31.35–31.49 certainly (Da 2:8), see 10327; 8. LN 70 surely, in fact (Da 2:47+), see 10643

מִן־ (min-): see 10427

10428 מְנֵא (menē(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 4949 Str 4484; TWOT 2835a—1. LN 6.68–6.82 Mene Mina, or Maneh; a unit of weight related to silver and gold, about 1¬ lbs. (Da 5:25,26+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 60.1–60.9 numbered, counted; implying a duration of time, note: MENE MENE TEKEL and PARSIN can be understood in at least two ways: 1. (the first word as a ptcp.) NUMBERED: A MINA, SHEKEL, and a HALF SHEKEL or, 2. (the first MENE is considered a duplicate, then) NUMBERED WEIGHED DIVIDED

מִנְדַּה (min·dǎ(h)): see 10429

10429 מִנְדָּה (min·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 4501—see 10402 (Ezr 4:13; Ezr 7:24+)

10430 מַנְדַּע (mǎn·dǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 4529 Str 4486; TWOT 2765a—1. LN 32.6 understanding, comprehension; with the focus on what is understood (Da 2:21; 4:31[EB 34],33[EB 36]; 5:12+), for another interp, see below; 2. LN 32.26 understanding, discernment; with the focus on capacity for understanding, which may be esoteric (Da 2:21; 5:12+); 3. LN 30.1–30.38 sanity, understanding which focuses on proper thought processes (Da 4:31[EB 34],33[EB 36]+)

מנה (mnh): see 10431

10431 מְנָה (menā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 4948 Str 4483; TWOT 2835—1. LN 57.92 (peal ptcp. pass.) be measured, to be given an apportionment of something; here a unit of time (Da 5:26+); 2. LN 60.1–60.9 (peal ptcp. pass.) be counted, with the focus on a definite number (Da 5:26+); 3. LN 37.96–37.107 (pael) appoint, set someone over another for administration or for a task (Ezr 7:25; Da 2:24, 49; 3:12+)

10432 מִנְחָה (min·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 4966 Str 4504; TWOT 2836—1. LN 53.16–53.27 offering, gift; a votive offering to God, apparently of a general kind (Da 2:46+); 2. LN 53.16–53.27 grain offering, cereal offering prescribed in the Torah (Ezr 7:17+)

10433 מִנְיָן (min·yān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4510; TWOT 2835b—LN 60.1 (cardinal) number (Ezr 6:17+)

מַעֲבַד (mǎ·ʿǎḇǎḏ): see 10434

10434 מַעֲבָד (mǎ·ʿǎḇāḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 5042 Str 4567; TWOT 2896c—LN 42.11 work, what one does; with the focus on the actuality and certainty of result from his activity (Da 4:34[EB 37]+)

מְעָא (meʿā(ʾ)): see 10435

10435 מְעֵה (meʿē(h)): n.[masc.]pl.; ≡ DBLHebr 5055 Str 4577; TWOT 2837—LN 8.67 belly, i.e., the frontal outer area of the human body approximately from bottom of the ribs to sexual organs (Da 2:32+)

מְעוֹהִי (meʿô·hî): see 10435 + 10204 n.[masc.] + 3ms. suff.

10436 מֶעָל (mě·ʿāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4606; TWOT 2911a—1. LN 15.107–15.117 go down, i.e., movement of an object perceived as downward (Da 6:15[EB 14]+); 2. LN 67.163–67.200 מֶעָל שְׁמַשׁ (mě·ʿāl šemǎš) sundown, evening; formally, the going down of the sun, referring to a definite time period (Da 6:15[EB 14]+), for another possible suggested interp, see next; 3. LN 67.163–67.200 high noon, the time of the day when the sun is at the apex in the daytime sky and then begins its descent (Da 6:15[EB 14]+), note: this a possible interpretation so as to give enough time for the events that follow to occur

10437 מָרֵא (mā·rē(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4756; TWOT 2839—1. LN 37.51 lord, master, i.e., one who has authority to rule over others, the scope of that power is determined by context (Da 4:16[EB 19],21[EB 24]+), note: in the vocative a title of honor or respect; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 highest authority מָרֵא מַלְכִין (mā·rē(ʾ) mǎl·ḵîn), formally, lord of kings, implying the right to govern (Da 2:47+); 3. LN 12 מָרֵא־שְׁמַיִן (mā·rē(ʾ)-·šemǎ·yin) highest of all supernatural powers, formally, lord of heaven, i.e., one having authority over all gods and supernatural powers (Da 5:23+)

מרד (mrd): see 10438, 10439

10438 מְרַד (merǎḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 5278 Str 4776; TWOT 2840a—LN 39.34–39.41 rebellion, revolt, insurrection of a political or military sort (Ezr 4:19+)

10439 מָרָד (mā·rāḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 4779; TWOT 2840b—LN 39.34–39.41 rebellious, i.e., pertaining to insurrection and sedition of a political or military kind, considered morally repugnant to the status quo (Ezr 4:12[EB 15],15[EB 18]+)

מָרֵה (mā·rē(h)): see 10437

מרט (mrṭ): see 10440

10440 מְרַט (merǎṭ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5307 Str 4804; TWOT 2841—1. LN 19.27–19.33 (peal pf. pass. pl.) be torn off, plucked off (NIV, RSV, NJB, NRSV, NKJV, NEB, REB) i.e., have the structure of the wing attached to the body torn off (Da 7:4+), note: this interpretation would make way for the transformation to a human form; 2. LN 19.27–19.33 (peal pf. pass. pl.) plucked out (feathers on a wing), (apparently, ASV, KJV, NASB, NAB), here the focus would be the removal of the feathers but have the structure of the wing be intact (Da 7:4+), note: this interpretation makes way for the arms of the human form in the transformation

10441 מֹשֶׁה (mō·šě(h)): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 5407—LN 93-person Moses (Ezr 6:18+)

משׁח (mšḥ)[1] KB: see 10442

משׁח (mšḥ)[2] KB: see 10443

10442 מְשַׁח (mešǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 5418 Str 4887; TWOT 2842—1. LN 6.197–6.202 olive oil normally a food, organic oil for lamps, or used in ceremonial ritual and sacrifice (Ezr 6:9; 7:22+), for another focus, see next; 2. LN 53.16–53.27 sacrificial oil, made of olives, used for ceremonial anointing, mixed with perfumes that it may be a pleasant sacrificial aroma to the true God (Ezr 6:9; 7:22+)

10443 מְשַׁח (mešǎḥ): n.—LN 81.1–81.2 a measure (Ezr 6:3cj), note: this would replace אֻשּׁוֹהִי (ʾǔš·šô·hî) (17th word in BHS), see also 10079, 10080, 10308, 10351, 10502

10444 מִשְׁכַּב (miš·kǎḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 5435 Str 4903; TWOT 3029a—LN 6.106–6.117 bed, the place for lying in repose and sleeping, as simple as a mat or even merely a wrapping with an outer poncho-like garment; with the rich or royalty the bed could be a piece of furniture (as in these contexts), off the floor, with elaborate tapestry (Da 2:28, 29; 4:2[EB 5],7[EB 10],10[EB 13]; 7:1+)

10445 מִשְׁכַּן (miš·kǎn): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 5438 Str 4907; TWOT 3031a—LN 85.67–85.85 dwelling, abode, residence, i.e., where someone lives (Ezr 7:15+)

10446 מַשְׁרוֹקִי (mǎš·rô·qî): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4953; TWOT 3049a—LN 6.88 flute, musical wind instrument with a tube-like cylinder shape, made of wood, reed, or even bone which produced a coarse, shrill, whistling sound (Da 3:5, 7, 10, 15+)

10447 מִשְׁתֵּא (miš·tē(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 5492 Str 4961; TWOT 3051a—LN 7.26–7.53 banquet hall, place of feasting and celebration, often associated with imbibition of wine (Da 5:10+), note: though “drinking hall” is suggested by the ety., a better rendering is words associated with gala and merry-making

מִשְׁתֶּה (miš·tě(h)): see 10447

מִשְׁתֵּי (miš·tê): see 10447

מֵתֵא (mē·ṯē(ʾ)): see 10085 peal inf. (Da 3:2+)

מַתְּנָא (mǎt·tenā(ʾ)): see 10448

10448 מַתְּנָה (mǎt·tenā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 5508 Str 4978; TWOT 2880a—LN 57.71–57.124 gift, something of value given to another, implying gratitude for a service rendered (Da 2:6, 48; 5:17+)

‍נ‍, ן

10449 נ‍ (n): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 5526—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

10450 ־נָא (nā(ʾ)): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.1cp.)—LN 92 us, our (Ezr 4:12, 14, 18; 5:11, 12, 17; Da 2:23; 3:17,18+)

נבא (nbʾ): see 10451, 10455

10451 נְבָא (neḇā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5547 Str 5013; TWOT 2843a—LN 33.459–33.462 (hitpaal pf. 3ms.) prophesy, speak as a prophet, giving divine sanction and confirmation to once again begin the construction of the temple (Ezr 5:1+)

10452 נְבוּאָה (neḇû·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 5553 Str 5017; TWOT 2843b—1. LN 33.460 (most versions) prophesying with the focus on direct revelation from the one true God, implying direct instruction of the rebuilding the temple; the message of the prophets (REB, NAB), prophetic activity (NJB), (Ezr 6:14+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.256–33.261 preaching (NIV), i.e., the public proclamation of religious truths, principles, promises of Torah, without direct revelational implications (Ezr 6:14+)

10453 נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר (neḇû·ḵǎḏ·něṣ·ṣǎr): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 5556, 5557—LN 93-person Nebuchadnezzar (Ezr 5:12; 6:5; Da 2:28; 3:1; 4:1[EB 4]; 5:2)

10454 נְבִזְבָּה (neḇiz·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5023; TWOT 2844—1. LN 57.71–57.124 present, a gift given in grateful response for a proper service (Da 2:6; 5:17+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 38.14–38.20 reward, what is given as a just recompense for a proper service, with the focus on what is deserved compensation for the service (Da 2:6; 5:17+)

10455 נְבִיא (neḇî(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 5566 Str 5029; TWOT 2843a—LN 53.79 prophet, one who has the role of speaking for God in revelation or preaching inspired application (Ezr 5:1,2; 6:14+), note: see also 10451, 10452

נְבֻכַדְנֶצַּר (neḇǔ·ḵǎḏ·něṣ·ṣǎr): see 10453 (Da 3:14; 5:11, 18+)

10456 נֶבְרְשָׁה (něḇ·rešā(h)): n.fem. (with det.); ≡ Str 5043; TWOT 2845—LN 6.102–6.105 lampstand, an ancient candelabra for (a) lamp(sing.), used as a light source at night (Da 5:5+), note: “candlestick” is not an appropriate word substitute, as it may distort the meaning of this word

נֶבְרַשְׁתָּא (něḇ·rǎš·tā(ʾ)): see 10456 n.fem. + det.

נגד (ngd): see 10457

10457 נְגַד (neḡǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 5047; TWOT 2846—LN 15.1–15.17 (peal ptcp.) flow, issue forth; the spatial movement of a mass of some quantity (Da 7:10+)

10458 נֶגֶד (ně·ḡěḏ): prep.; ≡ DBLHebr 5584 Str 5049; TWOT 2846a—LN 84.16–84.28 toward, facing to, i.e., in the direction of (Da 6:11[EB 10]+)

נגהּ (ngh): see 10459

10459 נְגַהּ (neḡǎh): n.[fem.]; ≡ DBLHebr 5586 Str 5053; TWOT 2847—1. LN 14.36–14.52 bright light, apparently perceived to be very bright until the eyes adjust to the sunlight, hence “first light” (NIV, REB) (Da 6:20[EB 19]+); 2. LN 67.187–67.188 בְּ־ נְגַהּ ־ָא שְׁפַרְפָּר (b- neḡǎh ā-(ʾ) šep̄ǎr·pār) early morning, the time of the dawn, i.e., a definite daytime period (Da 6:20[EB 19]+)

נֹגַהּ (nō·ḡǎh): see 10459

10460 נְגוֹ (neḡô): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 6284—LN 93-person Nego or Nebo, the name of a Babylonian god, used as second part (in BH or BA) of the proper name of a person, “Abed-nego,” (minister of Nebo) see 10524

נְגוֹא (neḡô(ʾ)): see 10460, 10524 (Da 3:29+)

נדב (ndb): see 10461

10461 נְדַב (neḏǎḇ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5605—1. LN 25.65–25.67 (hitpaal inf.) be willing, be inclined or disposed to do something as a volunteer, with the focus on a volitional choice (Ezr 7:13+); 2. LN 57.71–57.124 (hitpaal pf. pl. and ptcp.) freely offer something, give as a gift without coercion or compulsion (Ezr 7:15, 16b); 3. LN 53.16–53.27 (hitpaal inf. cs.) freewill offering, a kind of sacrifice (Ezr 7:16a), note: for another rendering of Ezr 7:16, see 10219

10462 נִדְבָּךְ (niḏ·bāḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5073; TWOT 2849—LN 7.59–7.62 a layer of a wall, i.e., a row or course of timber or stone in building, built layer on layer, resulting in a wall (Ezr 6:4+)

נדד (ndd): see 10463

10463 נְדַד (neḏǎḏ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5610 Str 5075; TWOT 2850—1. LN 13.104–13.163 (peal pf. 3fs.) flee, have a state of avoidance of a condition or event, i.e., to not have something happen (Da 6:19[EB 18]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 23.66–23.77 שְׁנָה נְדַד עַל (šenā(h) neḏǎḏ ʿǎl) have insomnia, formally, have sleep flee from (Da 6:19[EB 18]+)

10464 נִדְנֶה (niḏ·ně(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 5620 Str 5085; TWOT 2851—1. LN 6.119 sheath, scabbard, i.e, a container for a sword (Da 7:15+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 26.1–26.16 בְּ־ גַּו נִדְנֶה (b- gǎw niḏ·ně(h)) the inside of a person, the heart of someone; formally, the middle of the sheath (of the body); focusing on the attitudes and emotions (Da 7:15+), note: the NJB omits these words as not comprehensible; 3. LN 90.43–90.44 בְּ־ גּוֹן דְּנָה (b- gôn denā(h)) on account of this (Da 7:15cj LXX+), note: see commentaries for other conjectures

נִדְנֵה (niḏ·nē(h)): see 10464

10465 נְהוֹר (nehôr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 5644—1. LN 14.36 light, in contrast to darkness (Da 2:22+); 2. LN 32.24–32.41 illumination, insight, understanding, the figurative extension of the prior entry (Da 2:22+)

10466 נְהִיר (nehîr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 5644—see 10465 (Da 2:22+ K)

10467 נַהִירוּ (nǎ·hî·rû): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 5644—LN 32.24–32.41 insight, enlightenment or illumination of the mind, i.e., a capacity for understanding (Da 5:11, 14+)

נהר (nhr)[1] KB: see 10465, 10466, 10467

נהר (nhr)[2] KB: see 10468

10468 נְהַר (nehǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 5643 Str 5103; TWOT 2852—1. LN 1.76 river, stream that moves a mass of some kind, here, fire or molten mass (Da 7:10+); 2. LN 93.468-place Euphrates River, a flowing body of water, for verses see 10526

נוד (nwd): see 10469

10469 נוּד (nûḏ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5653 Str 5111; TWOT 2854—LN 15.34–15.74 (peal impf. 3fs.) flee, depart or leave from something, with a slight implication of danger (Da 4:11[EB 14]+)

נוח (nwḥ): see 10478

10470 נְוָלוּ (newā·lû): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5122; TWOT 2855—1. LN 20.31–20.60 pile of rubble, a ruin (NIV, NAB), a razed place (REB), (Ezr 6:11; Da 2:5; 3:29+); 2. LN 1 (most versions) distasteful area, i.e., a garbage-heap or public latrine area (Ezr 6:11; Da 2:5; 3:29+); 3. LN 57.232–57.248 confiscation (NEB), forfeiture of a house or property, taken by force of decree (Ezr 6:11; Da 2:5; 3:29+)

נְוָלִי (newā·lî): see 10470

נור (nwr): see 10471, 10465, 10466, 10467

10471 נוּר (nûr): n.fem. [Da 3:6ff IpassimD and M. [Da 7:9, 10+]; ≡ DBLHebr 5775, 5944 Str 5135; TWOT 2856—1. LN 2.3–2.6 fire, a pile of burning material here, in a furnace (Da 3:22), note: was this the smelting furnace the image was produced in, hence a kind of sacrifice to the pagan image?; 2. LN 20.61–20.88 kill by fire, as a method of execution (Da 3:6, 11, 15, 20, 21); 3. LN 88.24–88.35 נְהַר דִּי־נור (nehǎr dî-nwr) purity, formally, a river of fire, a figurative extension of prior entry (Da 7:10+)

נזק (nzq): see 10472

10472 נְזַק (nezǎq): v. [see also 10215]; ≡ DBLHebr 5691 Str 5142; TWOT 2857—1. LN 57.55–57.70 (peal ptcp.) suffer loss (Da 6:3[EB 2]); 2. LN 22.21–22.28 (hafel) cause to suffer loss, cause injury or damage to someone or something(Ezr 4:13, 15, 22+)

10473 נְחָשׁ (neḥāš): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 5703, 5733 Str 5174; TWOT 2858—LN 2.54 (most versions) bronze metal or possibly copper material (Da 2:32, 35, 39, 45; 4:12[EB 15],20[EB 23]; 5:4, 23; 7:19+) note: brass (ASV, KJV), is not a technically accurate term in modern usage for bronze as a composite metal

נחת (nḥt): see 10474

10474 נְחַת (neḥǎṯ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5737 Str 5182; TWOT 2859—1. LN 15.107–15.117 (peal ptcp.) come down, linear movement downward (Da 4:10[EB 13],20[EB 23]+); 2. LN 85.32–85.54 (hafel, afel) deposit, store in an area (Ezr 5:15; 6:1, 5+); 3. LN 13 (hofal) be deposed, be dethroned, to cease from a certain state; the figurative extension of the first entry (Ezr 6:5cj BHS; Da 5:20+)

נְחֵת (neḥēṯ): see 10474

נטל (nṭl): see 10475

10475 נְטַל (neṭǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5747 Str 5191; TWOT 2860—1. LN 24.1–24.51 (peal pf. 1cs.) look up, formally, raise up or lift up (the eyes), (Da 4:31[EB 34]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 31.58–31.81 repent, formally, raise the eyes to heaven, the figurative extension of the prior entry (Da 4:31[EB 34]+); 3. LN 81.3–81.11 (peal pass.) be lifted up in a spatial sense (Da 7:4+), for another interp, see next; 4. LN 15.101–15.106 ascend, move upward (Da 7:4+)

נטר (nṭr): see 10476

10476 נְטַר (neṭǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5915 Str 5202; TWOT 2861—LN 29.1–29.5 (peal pf. 1cs.) keep, preserve information in one’s mind or heart, implying a circumstance that is a quandary (Da 7:28+)

10477 ־נִי (nî): pronominal suffix (obj.1cs.)—LN 92 me (Da 2:5; 4:2; 5:7; 6:23; 7:15)

10478 נִיחוֹחַ (nî·ḥôaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 5767 Str 5208; TWOT 2862—1. LN 53.16–53.27 incense offering, i.e., a smoke offering with a pleasing, soothing scent to God (Ezr 6:10; Da 2:46+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 79.45–79.47 a fragrance, that which soothes or is pleasant (Ezr 6:10; Da 2:46+)

נכס (nks): see 10479

10479 נְכַס (neḵǎs): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 5794 Str 5232; TWOT 2863—1. LN 57.25–57.35 riches, property; treasury (NASB, NIV), goods (ASV, KJV), revenue (RSV, NRSV, NAB, NJB), funds (REB, NEB), (Ezr 6:8; 7:26+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 57.152–57.171 עֲנָשׁ נְכַס (ʿǎnāš neḵǎs) monetary fine, penance by giving money (or possibly goods), (Ezr 7:26+), see also 10562

10480 נְמַר (nemǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 5807 Str 5245; TWOT 2864—LN 4.13 (most versions, BDB) leopard, panther, a fierce animal noted for its speed (Holladay, KB), (Da 7:6+)

נסח (nsḥ): see 10481

10481 נְסַח (nesǎḥ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5815 Str 5256; TWOT 2865—LN 15.212–15.214 (hitpeel impf. 3ms.) be pulled out, be dragged out (Ezr 6:11+)

נסךְ (nsk): see 10482, 10483

10482 נְסַךְ (nesǎḵ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5818 Str 5260; TWOT 2866—LN 53.16–53.27 (pael inf.) present a sacrificial offering (Da 2:46+)

10483 נְסַךְ (nesǎḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 5821 Str 5261; TWOT 2866a—LN 53.16–53.27 libation, a drink offering (Ezr 7:17+)

נְסֵךְ (nesēḵ): see 10483

נסק (nsq): see 10513

נפל (npl): see 10484

10484 נְפַל (nep̄ǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5877 Str 5308; TWOT 2867—1. LN 15.118–15.122 (peal) fall, come down, i.e., downward linear movement (Da 3:23; 4:28+); 2. LN 17.21–17.22 be reverent toward, be prostrate before someone as an act. of submission, the figurative extension of the prior entry (Da 2:46; 3:5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 15; 7:20+), for another interp, see next; 3. LN 37.33–37.34 need to, be obligated or compelling upon (NEB, REB, NAB, NJB) (Ezr 7:20+), for another interp, see next; 4. LN 67.1–67.77 occasion, an occurrence in a point of time (Ezr 7:20+)

נפק (npq): see 10485

10485 נְפַק (nep̄ǎq): v.; ≡ Str 5312; TWOT 2868—1. LN 15.1–15.7 (peal) go out, come out, i.e., in linear movement (Da 2:14; 3:26; 7:10+); 2. LN 15.187–15.211 (hafel) take out, remove, carry out and move to another place (Ezr 5:14; 6:5; Da 5:2, 3+); 3. LN 24.1–24.51 (peal) appear, formally, come out (Da 5:5+); 4. LN 33.35–33.68 issue a decree (Da 2:13+)

10486 נִפְקָה (nip̄·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5313; TWOT 2868a—LN 57.152–57.171 expense, cost that is incurred, i.e., the outlay of money (Ezr 6:4, 8+)

נצב (nṣb): see 10487

10487 נִצְבָּה (niṣ·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5326; TWOT 2869—LN 79.62–79.69 hardness, firmness, i.e., the quality of compressive strength or toughness of a metal relative to other metals (Da 2:41+)

נצח (nṣḥ): see 10488

10488 נְצַח (neṣǎḥ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5904 Str 5330; TWOT 2870—LN 75 (hitpaal ptcp.) distinguish oneself as qualified, implying a reputation of excellence among a peer group (Da 6:4[EB 3]+)

נצל (nṣl): see 10489

10489 נְצַל (neṣǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5911 Str 5338; TWOT 2871—LN 21.17–21.24 (hafel) save, rescue, deliver from an imminent physical danger (Da 3:29; 6:15[EB 14],28[EB 27]+)

10490 נְקֵא (neqē(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 5929 Str 5343; TWOT 2872—LN 79.48–79.56 (most versions) pure; clean (NEB), white (NIV, NAB) like lamb’s wool (REB), (Da 7:9+)

נקה (nqh): see 10490

נקשׁ (nqš): see 10491

10491 נְקַשׁ (neqǎš): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5943 Str 5368; TWOT 2873—1. LN 19.1–19.13 (peal act. ptcp. pl. fem.) knock together, i.e., one knee impacting another (Da 5:6+); 2. LN 25.251–25.269 fright, the figurative extension of the phrase “the knees knock together,” (Da 5:6+) see 10072

נשׂא (nśʾ): see 10492

10492 נְשָׂא (neśā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5951 Str 5376; TWOT 2874—1. LN 15.187–15.211 (peal) take away, pick up and carry away (Ezr 5:15; Da 2:35+); 2. LN 39.34–39.41 (hitpaal) revolt, rebellion; rise up against a government (Ezr 4:19+)

נְשֵׁיהוֹן (nešê·hôn): n.fem.pl. + suff.3mp.—see 10493 + 10203

10493 נְשִׁין (nešîn): n.fem.pl.; ≡ DBLHebr 851 Str 5389; TWOT 2875—LN 10.54 wives, women married to a man in a polygamous society (Da 6:25[EB 24]+)

נשׁם (nšm): see 10494

10494 נִשְׁמָה (niš·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 5972 Str 5396; TWOT 2876—1. LN 23.185–23.187 breath, a function of the lungs that transfers oxygen to the body (Da 5:23+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 23.88–23.128 life, formally, breath; the figurative extension of the act. of breathing, i.e., if a human does not breathe, one is not alive (Da 5:23+)

10495 נְשַׁר (nešǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 5979 Str 5403; TWOT 2877—1. LN 4.38 (most versions, KB, Holladay, BDB) eagle (Da 4:30[EB 33]; 7:4+); 2. LN 4.38–4.46 vulture (Da 4:30[EB 33]; 7:4+), note: the BH/BA word may be a broader word that encompasses both of these birds BDB pg 677

10496 נִשְׁתְּוָן (niš·tewān): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 5981 Str 5407; TWOT 2878—LN 33.35–33.68 official letter, a written decree, implying authority to demand an action (Ezr 4:18, 23; 5:5+)

10497 נְתִין (neṯîn): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 5987 Str 5412; TWOT 2879—LN 53.66–53.95 (pl.) temple servants a class of ministers in the temple, of relatively low status, who function as workers in the temple of God doing the menial tasks for daily life in the temple (Ezr 7:24+)

נְתִינִין (neṯî·nîn): see 10497

נתן (ntn): see 10498

10498 נְתַן (neṯǎn): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 5989 Str 5415; TWOT 2880—1. LN 57.178–57.185 (peal) pay a tax (Ezr 4:13+); 2. LN 57.71–57.124 (peal) distributes, give out in a manner consistent with a choice (Da 4:14[EB 17],22[EB 25],29[EB 32]+); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 (peal) allow to happen, formally, give time (Da 2:16+); 4. LN 35.31–35.35 (peal) supply, provide (Ezr 7:20+)

נתר (ntr): see 10499

10499 נְתַר (neṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5426; TWOT 2881—1. LN 19.27–19.33 (afel imv. masc.pl.) (most versions, BDB) strip off, a picking motion that directly tears off leaves from a tree (Da 4:11[EB 14]+); 2. LN 16 shake off, a motion that indirectly takes leaves off the tree by back and forth movement of the limbs, and have the leaves fall off (ASV, KJV, Holladay, KB)

ס

10500 ס (s): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 6005—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

10501 סַבְּכָא (sǎb·beḵā(ʾ)): n.[fem.]—see 10676 an alternate lexical form based on the inflected form (Da 3:5+)

סבל (sbl): see 10502

10502 סְבַל (seḇǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6022 Str 5446; TWOT 2882—1. LN 15.187–15.211 (poel ptcp. pass. pl.) be raised, be lifted up, in reference burnt offerings being carried (Ezr 6:3+), note: for this meaning repoint אֹשׁ (ʾōš) to אֶשָּׁא (ʾěš·šā(ʾ)) see also 10079, 10080, 10308, 10351, 10443; 2. LN 7.42 (poel ptcp. pass. pl.) be laid, in reference to a foundation of a building (Ezr 6:3+)

סבר (sbr): see 10503

10503 סְבַר (seḇǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8432 Str 5452; TWOT 2883—1. LN 68.58–68.62 (peal impf.) strive, intend, aspire, attempt or try to do (NASB, NRSV, NIV, NKJV, NAB), (Da 7:25+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 30.56–30.74 think (ASV, RSV, KJV, plan (NJB, NEB), have in mind (REB), with the focus on cognitive mental process (Da 7:25+)

סגא (sgʾ): see 10677

סגד (sgd): see 10504

10504 סְגִד (seḡiḏ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6032 Str 5457; TWOT 2884—1. LN 53.53–53.64 (peal) worship, show reverence to deity or perceived deity (Da 2:46; 3:5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15,18, 28+); 2. LN 87.4–87.18 (peal) honor, show respect in relation to status (Da 2:46), note: the homage shown has many elements of worship of deity, therefore Daniel may have been the mere representative of God as he received the acts of worship, cf. the homage paid to an angel (Nu 22:31), see prior entry.

סַגִּיא (sǎg·gî(ʾ)): see 10678

10505 סְגַן (seḡǎn): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 6036 Str 5460; TWOT 2885—LN 37.48–37.95 prefect, governor or senior officer over an area, similar to a satrap in the governance of the kingdom (Da 2:48; 3:2, 3, 27; 6:8[EB 7]+)

סגר (sgr): see 10506

10506 סְגַר (seḡǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6037 Str 5463; TWOT 2886—LN 20.30 סְגַר פֻּם (seḡǎr pǔm) (peal pf.) shut, close up, formally, stop the mouth, i.e., not harm (Da 6:23[EB 22]+)

סוּמְפֹּנְיָא (sûmep·pō·neyā(ʾ)): see 10507

10507 סוּמְפֹּנְיָה (sûmep·pō·neyā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5481; TWOT 2887—1. LN 6.83–6.95 musical instrument usually a wind instrument; pipe (NIV), bagpipe (RSV, NASB, NAB, NJB), double flute (Goldingay), double pipe (BDB); dulcimer (KJV, ASV stringed instrument); drum (NRSV percussion) (Da 3:5, 10, 15+), note: other instruments are suggested in other sources, for another interp, see next; 2. LN 14.74–14.86 harmony, i.e., a concord of sounds; in symphony (NKJV), music (NEB, REB), (Da 3:5, 10, 15+), note: omitted in verse seven, it makes this meaning more likely, in that the omission of an instrument less likely

סוף (swp): see 10508

10508 סוּף (sûp̄): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6066 Str 5487; TWOT 2888—1. LN 13.104–13.163 (peal pf. 3fs.) be fulfilled, i.e., it happened (Da 4:30[EB 33]+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (hafel impf. 3fs.) bring to an end, cause destruction, destroy, annihilate (Da 2:44+)

10509 סוֹף (sôp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 6067 Str 5491; TWOT 2888a—1. LN 80.5–80.7 end of a spatial boundary (Da 4:8[EB 11],19[EB 22]+); 2. LN 67.78–67.141 עַד־סוֹף ־ָא (ʿǎḏ-·sôp̄ ā-(ʾ)) forever, formally, until the end, i.e., a duration that does not end (Da 6:27[EB 26]; 7:26+); 3. LN 67.65–67.72 end, a marker of a point of time related to a duration of time (Da 7:28+)

10510 סוּפֹּנְיָא (sûp·pō·neyā(ʾ)): n.fem.—see 10507 (Da 3:10+)

סוּפֹּנְיָה (sûp·pō·neyā(h)): see 10507

10511 סְטַר (seṭǎr): n.masc.—see 10680 a spelling in the Targum (an Aramaic version, rabbinically authorized, and therefore orthodox (Da 7:5+)

10512 סִיפֹּנְיָא (sîp·pō·neyā(ʾ)): n.fem.—see 10507 (Da 3:10+)

סיפניה (sypnyh): see 10507

סִיפֹּנְיָה (sîp·pō·neyā(h)): n.fem.—see 10507 K (Da 3:10+)

סלק (slq): see 10513

10513 סְלַק (selǎq): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6158 Str 5267, 5559; TWOT 2889—1. LN 15.101–15.106 (peal) come up, go up, linear movement (Ezr 4:12; Da 7:3+); 2. LN 23.188–23.196 grow, have horns grow ascend out of the head (Da 7:8, 20+); 3. LN 30.17 begin to think certain thoughts (Da 2:29+); 4. LN 15.187–15.211 (hafel) lift up, pick up, cause to be carried (Da 3:22; 6:24a[EB 23]+); (hofal pf. 3ms.) be lifted up (Da 6:24b[EB 23]+)

סְלֵק (selēq): see 10513

סעד (sʿd): see 10514

10514 סְעַד (seʿǎḏ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6184 Str 5583; TWOT 2890—LN 35.1–35.18 (pael ptcp. pl.) help, aid, assist, support an endeavor, implying authorization of an endeavor (Ezr 5:2+)

ספר (spr): see 10515, 10516

10515 סְפַר (sep̄ǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 6219 Str 5609; TWOT 2891a—1. LN 33.35–33.68 record, archive, scroll; information which can be stored, likely written on vellum or papyrus, though other materials were in use at this time (Ezr 4:15; 6:1; Da 7:10+), note: this was not a “book” in the sense of a codex; 2. LN 33.52–33.60 סְפַר מֹשֶׁה (sep̄ǎr mō·šě(h)) Torah, the Pentateuch, the first five books of the Christian/Jewish Scripture (6:18+)

10516 סָפַר (sā·p̄ǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 6221 Str 5613; TWOT 2891b—1. LN 27.22 teacher, one who instructs and communicates information (Ezr 7:12, 21+), for another focus, see next; 2. LN 53.94 Scribe, expert teacher of the Law, one who has the special function in religious community to bring the authoritative instruction of God (Ezr 7:12, 21+); 3. LN 37.35–37.47 royal secretary, governmental clerk, a high official of the king in charge of written documents, records, and archives (Ezr 4:8, 9, 17, 23+)

10517 סַרְבָּל (sǎr·bāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5622; TWOT 2892—LN 6.152–6.187 garment (NKJV, NAB), the exact article of clothing is variously interpreted: robe (NIV), hosen (ASV), trousers (NASB, NEB, REB) tunic (NRSV), mantle (RSV), coat (KJV), cloak (NJB), (Da 3:21, 27+)

10518 סָרַךְ (sā·rǎḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5632; TWOT 2893—LN 37.35–37.47 administrator, high official, public officer, apparently not a technical term (Da 6:3[EB 2],4[EB 3],5[EB 4],7[EB 6],8[EB 7]+)

סתר (str)[1] KB, Holladay: see 10519

10519 סְתַר (seṯǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6259—LN 28.68–28.83 (pael pass. pl. fem. + det.) hidden things, secret things, something not normally able to be known (Da 2:22+)

סתר (str)[2] KB, Holladay: see 10520

10520 סְתַר (seṯǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8609—LN 20.31–20.60 (peal pf. 3ms.) destroy, demolish, tear down a building (Ezr 5:12+)

ע

10521 ע (ʿ): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 6263—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

עבד (ʿbd): see 10522

10522 עֲבַד (ʿǎḇǎḏ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6268 Str 5648; TWOT 2896—1. LN 42.7–42.28 do, carry out, execute Ezr 6:13; 7:18; Da 3:32; 6:28[EB 27]; 7:21+; (hitpeel) Ezr 5:8; 6:12; 7:23+; 2. LN 41.7 do, acts, behaves (Ezr 4:15; Da 4:32[EB 35]; Da 6:11[EB 10], 23[EB 22]+); 3. LN 35.1–35.18 do, provide financial help (Ezr 6:8); (hitpeel), (Ezr 7:21+); 4. LN 36.12–36.30 obey, do the law of God (Ezr 7:26a+); 5. LN 51.1 celebrate, hold a festival (Ezr 6:16; Da 5:1+); 6. LN 42.29–42.40 make, create (Jer 10:11+); 7. LN 42.29–42.40 make, i.e., craft or form an idol (Da 3:1, 15+); 8. LN 13.48–13.68 (hitpeel) be turned into, be made into, i.e., have a state or condition altered (Ezr 6:11; Da 2:5; 3:29+); 9. LN 90.45–90.50 do; a marker to convert an object to a v., hence semantically empty in and of itself (Ezr 4:22; 7:26b+); 10. LN 13.104–13.163 happen, occur (Ezr 4:19+)

עֲבַד (ʿǎḇǎḏ): n.masc.—see 10523

10523 עֲבֵד (ʿǎḇēḏ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 6269 Str 5649; TWOT 2896a—LN 87.76–87.86 servant, slave, one owned or in service to another higher in status (Ezr 4:11; 5:11; Da 2:4, 7; 3:26, 28; 6:21[EB 20]+), note: in a compound proper name, see 10524

10524 עֲבֵד נְגוֹ (ʿǎḇēḏ neḡô): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 6284—LN 93-person Abednego (Da 2:49; 3:12, 13, 14, 16, 19, 20, 22, 23, 26,28, 29, 30+)

10525 עֲבִידָה (ʿǎḇî·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 6275 Str 5673; TWOT 2896b—1. LN 42.41–42.50 work, the expenditure of energy with a goal (Ezr 4:24; 5:8; 6:7+); 2. LN 53.1–53.15 ministry, general temple service to God (Ezr 6:18+); 3. LN 37.48–37.95 עַל־עֲבִידָה (ʿǎl-·ʿǎḇî·ḏā(h)) administrator, of a governmental region, not a technical term (Da 2:49; 3:12+)

עבר (ʿbr): see 10526

10526 עֲבַר (ʿǎḇǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 6298 Str 5675; TWOT 2897—1. LN 82 עֲבַר־נְהַר (ʿǎḇǎr-·nehǎr) west, formally, the opposite bank of the Euphrates, for the verses and another interp, see next; 2. LN 93-place Trans-Euphrates province, formally, the Beyond the River province, a wide geo-political area west of the Euphrates to the Mediterranean, the area of Greater Syria and Judea (Ezr 4:10, 11, 16, 17, 20; 5:3, 6; 6:6,8, 13; 7:21, 25+) see also 10468

10527 עַד (ʿǎḏ): prep. and c.; ≡ DBLHebr 6330 Str 5705; TWOT 2899—1. LN 89.124–89.138 until, unless; a marker of a relatively mild contrast, implying contingency (Ezr 4:21; 5:5; Da 2:9; 4:20, 22, 29; 5:21; 7:11+); 2. LN 61 עַד אָחֳרֵין (ʿǎḏ ʾā·ḥǒrên) finally, the last in a series (Da 4:5[EB 8]+); 3. LN 89.80 While, as, at the same time; a marker of attendant circumstance עַד דִּי (ʿǎḏ dî) (Da 2:34; 6:25; 7:9+); 4. LN 67.118–67.135 until, up to, upon, during; a marker of a duration of time, with reference to another point of time (Ezr 4:24; 5:16; 6:15; Da 4:5[EB 8], 30[EB 33]; 6:8, 13, 15; 7:4, 11, 12, 25+); 5. LN 84 עַד־כָּה (ʿǎḏ-·kā(h)) thus far, even to [the end of something] (Da 7:28+); 6. LN 84.16–84.28 to, toward; marker of extension to a spatial (Da 7:13+); 7. LN 59.21 up to, as much as; a marker of the extent of a quantity, implying a limit (Ezr 7:22(4xs+)); 8. LN 67.95 forever, eternal, i.e., a duration of time without reference to points of time (Da 2:20; 6:27[EB 26]; 7:18, 18, 26+); 9. LN 89.55–89.64 עַד דִּבְרָה דִּי (ʿǎḏ diḇ·rā(h) dî) so that; a marker of purpose or result (Da 4:14[EB 17+])

עֲדָא (ʿǎḏā(ʾ)): see 10528

עדה (ʿdh): see 10528

10528 עֲדָה (ʿǎḏā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6334 Str 5709; TWOT 2898—1. LN 13.104–13.163 (peal pf. 3fs.) be, occur, happen (Da 3:27); 2. LN 68.34–68.57 (peal) cease, stop, no longer occur any longer (Da 4:28[EB 31]; 7:14+); 3. LN 13 (hafel) be deposed from rule (Da 2:21); 4. LN 13.1–13.47 (hafel) take away, remove, i.e., cause a state to cease (Da 5:20; 7:12, 26+); 5. LN 76 annulment, repealing of a document’s authority or power (Da 6:9[EB 8],13[EB 12]+)

10529 עִדּוֹא (ʿid·dô(ʾ)): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 6341, 6342—LN 93-person Iddo (Ezr 5:1; 6:14+)

10530 עִדָּן (ʿid·dān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5732; TWOT 2900—1. LN 67.1–67.77 time, occasion in a general sense, without reference to other points of time (Da 2:8, 9, 21; 7:12+); 2. LN 67.163–67.200 (most versions) time, a period of time, as a definite unit: year (Holladay, KB, BDB, NAB, Hermeneia (Collins)), (seven) years (Da 4:13[EB 16],20[EB 23],22[EB 25],29[EB 32]+); three and a half years (NAB) Da 7:25+, formally, time, times and a half time (= 1 + 2 + 1/2), note: other commentaries suggest that this may not be a definite unit of time, or possibly a month, or a six-month period (season) of time; the versions tend to keep the exact unit of time ambiguous; 3. LN 67.38 בְּ־ עִדָּן ־ָא דִּי (b- ʿid·dān ā-(ʾ) dî) as soon as, when; a marker of a point of time roughly simultaneous with another point of time (Da 3:5, 15+)

עדריא (ʿdryʾ): see 10570 a variant reading flock, herd

עוד (ʿwd): see 10531

10531 עוֹד (ʿôḏ): adv.; ≡ DBLHebr 6388 Str 5751; TWOT 2901—LN 67.128 still, yet; a marker of time up to and beyond a point (Da 4:28[EB 31]+)

עוה (ʿwh): see 10532

10532 עֲוָיָה (ʿǎwā·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 6411 Str 5758; TWOT 2902—LN 88.12–88.23 (most versions) iniquity; wickedness (NIV), wrong-doing (REB), misdeeds (NAB), crimes (NJB), errors (Goldingay); that which is an offense against a standard (Da 4:24[EB 27]+)

עוף (ʿwp): see 10533

10533 עוֹף (ʿôp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 6416 Str 5776; TWOT 2903—1. LN 4.38 bird, winged fowl of a general kind (Da 7:6+); 2. LN 4.41 עוֹף שְׁמַיִן ־ָא (ʿôp̄ šemǎ·yin ā-(ʾ)) wild bird, formally, birds of the heaven (Da 2:38+)

10534 עוּר (ʿûr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5784; TWOT 2904—LN 3.57 chaff, husks of the grain stalk, separated from the kernel by threshing, considered worthless and allowed to be blown away by the afternoon wind (Da 2:35+)

10535 עֵז (ʿēz): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 6436 Str 5796; TWOT 2920a—1. LN 4.19–4.28 (she-)goat (BDB, KB); 2. LN 4.19–4.28 צְפִיר עֵז (ṣep̄îr ʿēz) male goat, formally, male goats of the she-goats (NIV, NASB, NRSV, NKJV); (most versions) he-goat (Ezr 6:17+), note: the phrase has grammatical concord, though the ין (yn) is out of concord with the intrinsic gender of this word; though anomalous, is grammatically acceptable

עִזִּין (ʿiz·zîn): n.fem.pl.—see 10535

עזק (ʿzq): see 10536

10536 עִזְקָה (ʿiz·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5824; TWOT 2905—1. LN 6.54–6.67 signet-ring a ring worn on the finger that personally seals and validates official business of the kingdom (NASB, NIV, NKJV, NAB, NJB, BDB, KB, Holladay, LXX), (Da 6:18[EB 17]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.54–6.67 signet, a stamp or cylinder used in the same fashion as the prior entry (ASV, NRSV, RSV, KJV, NEB, REB), note: normally a string or strip of cloth was sealed with clay on each end to validate that the tomb is not to be opened, without governmental approval

10537 עֶזְרָא (ʿěz·rā(ʾ)): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 6474—LN 93-person Ezra (Ezr 7:12, 21, 25+)

10538 עֲזַרְיָה (ʿǎzǎr·yā(h)): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 6481—LN 93-person Azariah (Da 2:17+)

עֵטָא (ʿē·ṭā(ʾ)): see 10539

10539 עֵטָה (ʿē·ṭā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 3619, 6783 Str 5843; TWOT 2772b—LN 33.294–33.297 counsel, i.e., inquiry in a careful, guarded way, yet without being necessarily deferential (ASV, KJV, NKJV) wisdom (NIV), discretion (NASB), prudence (RSV, NRSV), shrewdness (NJB), discreetness (REB), (Da 2:14+), note: the pair of words here is synonymous

10540 עַיִן (ʿǎ·yin): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 6524 Str 5870; TWOT 2906—1. LN 8.23 eye, an organ of sight (Da 7:8,20+); 2. LN 24.1–24.51 look up (Da 4:31[EB 34]+), see 10475; 3. LN 35.36–35.46 עֵין אֱלָהּ (ʿên ʾělāh) providential care implying protection, formally, the eye of God (Ezr 5:5+)

עיר (ʿyr): see 10541

10541 עִיר (ʿîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5894; TWOT 2907—1. LN 12.28 messenger (NIV), i.e., an angel that delivers a communication from God (Da 4:10[EB 13],14[EB 17],20[EB 23]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 12.1–12.42 (most versions) watcher, sentinel, one who is awake and so acts as a guard and protector, i.e., a class of supernatural being with similar functions as an angel, but also distinct from them (Da 4:10[EB 13],14[EB 17],20[EB 23]+)

10542 עַל (ʿǎl): prep.; ≡ DBLHebr 6584 Str 5922; TWOT 2908—1. LN 83.46–83.47 on, upon the surface of an object (Ezr 5:15; 7:17; Da 6:18[EB 17]); 2. LN 37.9 over; a marker of care and authority (Ezr 5:1, 5; Da 2:48; 3:12; 5:21; 6:4[EB 3]); 3. LN 90.31–90.35 against, in opposition to (Ezr 4:8, 19; 7:23; Da 3:29; 4:21[EB 24]; 5:23); 4. LN 84.16–84.28 to, toward, i.e., extension to a goal (Ezr 4:11, 23; Da 2:24); 5. LN 90.23 concerning, in reference to (Da 2:18); 6. LN 64 than, more than; a marker of comparison (Da 3:19), note: often this word is not translated, because it is a structural marker in the sentence

10543 עֵלָּא (ʿēl·lā(ʾ)): adv.; ≡ DBLHebr 6584 Str 5924; TWOT 2909a—LN 87.30–87.31 over, above; a marker of a higher authority or status (Da 6:3[EB 2]+)

עלה (ʿlh): see 10542, 10543, 10545, 10546, 10547, 10548

10544 עִלָּה (ʿil·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 6618 Str 5931; TWOT 2910—LN 56.4–56.11 pretext, grounds or basis for legal charges (Da 6:5[EB 4],6[EB 5]+)

עלוה (ʿlwh): see 10545

10545 עֲלָוָה (ʿǎlā·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 6592 Str 5928; TWOT 2909e—LN 53.16–53.27 whole burnt offering, a sacrifice wholly burned (Ezr 6:9+)

10546 עִלָּי (ʿil·lāy): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 6583, 6604, 6610 Str 5943; TWOT 2909d—LN 12.4 (as a title) the Most High (God), the one true God with the very highest status and power (Da 3:26, 32[EB 4:2]; 4:14[EB 17],21[EB 24],22[EB 25],29[EB 32],31[EB 34]; 5:18, 21; 7:25+), note: see BHS for K and Q spellings, see also 10548

10547 עִלִּי (ʿil·lî): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 6606, 6608—LN 7.27 upstairs room, upper room, a room on the roof area (Da 6:11[EB 10]+)

10548 עֶלְיוֹן (ʿěl·yôn): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 6609, 6610 Str 5946; TWOT 2909c—LN 12.4 (as a title) the Most High (God) (Da 7:18, 22, 25, 27+), see also 10546

עלל (ʿll) or עלל (ʿll) [1] Holladay, KB: see 10549

עלל (ʿll)[2] KB: see 10544

10549 עֲלַל (ʿǎlǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6619 Str 5954; TWOT 2911—1. LN 15.93–15.96 (peal) go in, enter, i.e., spatial linear movement (Da 2:16, 24; 4:4[EB 7], 5[EB 8]; 5:8, 10; 6:11[EB 10]); 2. LN 15.165–15.186 (hafel) take in, bring before, lead into a space, implying a presentation to or introduction with someone (Da 2:24, 25; 4:3[EB 6]; 5:7; 6:19[EB 18]+); (hofal) be brought in (Da 5:13, 15+)

10550 עָלַם (ʿā·lǎm): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 6409 Str 5957; TWOT 2912—1. LN 67.78–67.141 forever, eternal, a duration never ending (Da 2:4, 20); 2. LN 33.20–33.24 לְ־ עָלַם חֲיָה (l- ʿā·lǎm ḥǎyā(h)) live forever!, long live! (the king); a formal greeting to give respect and good wishes to the king (Da 2:4; 3:9; 5:10; 6:7[EB 6], 22[EB 21]+); 3. LN 67.78–67.117 ancient history, a time long ago, a duration of time in the far past (Ezr 4:15, 19+)

10551 עֵלְמָי (ʿē·lemāy): n.pr.gpl. (with det.); ≡ DBLHebr 6520, 6521—LN 93.465 Elamites, a people of geographical area known today as Khuzistan (Ezr 4:9+)

עֵלְמָיֵא (ʿē·lemā·yē(ʾ)): n.pr.pl. + det.—see 10551

10552 עֲלַע (ʿǎlǎʿ): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 7521 Str 5967; TWOT 2913—1. LN 8.9–8.69 (most versions, Holladay, KB, BDB, LXX) rib, a stiff, bony part of a body that covers the viscera (Da 7:5+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 tooth, fang; tusk (NRSV, NAB, Vg?) a part of the body for cutting or chewing food (Da 7:5+)

עֲלָת (ʿǎlāṯ): n.fem.—see 10545 (Ezr 6:9+)

10553 עַם (ʿǎm): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 6638, 6639 Str 5972; TWOT 2914—LN 11.1–11.11 a people, a nation, i.e., a large group based on various cultural, physical, and geographical ties (Ezr 5:12; 6:12; 7:13, 16, 25; Da 2:44; 3:4, 7,29, 31; 5:19; 6:26[EB 25]; 7:14, 27+)

10554 עִם (ʿim): prep.; ≡ DBLHebr 6640 Str 5974; TWOT 2915—1. LN 35.1–35.18 with, for, i.e., to come to the aid or benefit of someone (Ezr 5:2; 6:8; Da 3:32+); 2. LN 15.156–15.157 accompany with another, i.e., a marker of relation (Ezr 7:13+); 3. LN 89.107–89.119 along with in association to another group (Da 2:18; 3:33; 4:31[EB 34]+); 4. LN 89.107–89.119 as well as, in addition to, together with (Ezr 7:16); 5. LN 83.9–83.17 with, among, of; a marker of relation, but implying being in the same location (Da 2:11, 22; 4:12[EB 15], 20[EB 23], 22[EB 25], 29[EB 32]; 5:21; Da 7:13); 6. LN 63.5–63.8 with, unite, i.e., as when two substances mix (Da 2:43+); 7. LN 67.160 at, during, i.e., a marker of a unit of time (Da 7:2+); 8. LN 90.31–90.35 against, in opposition to, i.e., a marker of antagonism (Da 7:21+)

עֲמִּיק (ʿǎmîq): see 10555

10555 עַמִּיק (ʿǎm·mîq): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 6678 Str 5994; TWOT 2916—1. LN 81.7–81.11 deep, a spatial area that is low and dark, not used in BA, for another interp, see next; 2. LN 28.68–28.83 secret (things), mysterious information not normally attainable and implied to be profound or valuable; this is the figurative extension of the prior entry (Da 2:22+)

עמק (ʿmq): see 10555

10556 עֲמַר (ʿǎmǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7547 Str 6015; TWOT 2917—LN 8.12–8.15 wool, hair of a fleece of sheep or goats (Da 7:9+), note: see 10490 for the quality or description of the wool

10557 עַן (ʿǎn): adv.—see 10363

ענה (ʿnh)[1] KB: see 10558

ענה (ʿnh)[2] KB: see 10559

10558 עֲנָה (ʿǎnā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6699 Str 6032; TWOT 2918—LN 33.28 עָנֵה וְ־ אָמַר (ʿā·nē(h) w- ʾā·mǎr) respond, formally, answer and say; to react to a question or statement or even a situation by speaking, with the focus on the content to follow (Da 2:5, 15; 3:14, 19; 5:17; 7:2)

10559 עֲנֵה (ʿǎnē(h)): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 6705, 6714 Str 6033; TWOT 2919a—1. LN 57.49–57.54 (most versions) poor, oppressed (RSV, NRSV, NIV), pertaining to a class of people with little or no resources and of low status (Da 4:24[EB 27]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 22.15–22.20 miserable; wretched (NEB) with the focus on the trouble and hardship of the needy and poor (Da 4:24[EB 27]+)

עֲנֵא (ʿǎnē(ʾ)): see 10559

עֲנָי (ʿǎnāy): see 10559

עֲנָיִן (ʿǎnā·yin): pl.—see 10559

10560 עֲנָן (ʿǎnān): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 6727 Str 6050; TWOT 2921—1. LN 1.34 cloud of the sky (Da 7:13+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 1.5–1.16 עִם־עֲנָן שְׁמַיִן (ʿim-·ʿǎnān šemǎ·yin) from heaven the abode of God (hence, order and revelation), as opposed to the monsters from the sea (the abode of chaos and mystery), (Da 7:13+)

10561 עֲנַף (ʿǎnǎp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 6733 Str 6056; TWOT 2922—LN 3.47–3.59 branch, bough of a tree (Da 4:9[EB 12],11[EB 14],18[EB 21]+)

ענשׁ (ʿnš): see 10562

10562 עֲנָשׁ (ʿǎnāš): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 6711, 6740, 6741 Str 6065; TWOT 2923—1. LN 57.232–57.248 (most versions) confiscation, i.e., impounding of goods or property by force (Ezr 7:26+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 57.152–57.171 monetary fine (NJB, NAB), (Ezr 7:26+), see also 10479

10563 עֶנֶת (ʿě·něṯ): adv.—see 10364

עפה (ʿph): see 10564

10564 עֳפִי (ʿǒp̄î): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 6751 Str 6074; TWOT 2924—LN 3.47–3.59 foliage, leaves of a fruit tree (Da 4:9[EB 12],11[EB 14],18[EB 21]+)

עצב (ʿṣb): see 10565

עֲצַב (ʿǎṣǎḇ): see 10565

10565 עֲצִיב (ʿǎṣîḇ): adj. [BDB: v. (ptcp.pass.)]; ≡ DBLHebr 6772 Str 6088; TWOT 2925—1. LN 25.223–25.250 distressed; anguished (NIV, RSV, NJB), lamenting (KJV, NKJV, ASV), troubled (NASB), anxious (NRSV, NEB, REB), (Da 6:21[EB 20]+); 2. LN 25.270–25.287 grieving, sorrowfully (NAB), with a possible implication of regret (Da 6:21[EB 20]+)

עקר (ʿqr): see 10566, 10567

10566 עֲקַר (ʿǎqǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6827 Str 6132; TWOT 2926—1. LN 44 ( K itpeel impf. 3mp. Q 3fs.) be de-horned, i.e., to deprive an animal of horns by pulling out by the roots or tearing off at the base (Da 7:8+), note: this form of de-horning is possible when an animal is relatively young, before ossification requires the cutting off of the horn; 2. LN 20.31–20.60 destroyed, formally, be uprooted, a figurative extension of the prior entry (Da 7:8+)

10567 עִקַּר (ʿiq·qǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 6827 Str 6136; TWOT 2926a—1. LN 3.47–3.59 stump of a tree, above the ground (Da 4:12[EB 15],20[EB 23],23[EB 26]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 3.47–3.59 root, tap-root or root-stock, at or below the ground (Da 4:12[EB 15],20[EB 23],23[EB 26]+), see 10743

10568 עָר (ʿār): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7640 Str 6146; TWOT 2930a—LN 39.1–39.12 adversary, foe, a political or military enemy (Da 4:16[EB 19]+), note: see BHS for K/Q spellings

עריךְ (ʿryk): see 10568 K

ערב (ʿrb): see 10569

10569 עֲרַב (ʿǎrǎḇ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6843 Str 6151; TWOT 2927—LN 63.9–63.12 (pael ptcp. pass.) be mixed (Da 2:41, 43a+); (hitpaal ptcp.) a mixture (Da 2:43bc+)

10570 עֲרָד (ʿǎrāḏ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 6871 Str 6167; TWOT 2928—LN 4.1–4.37 wild donkey, an animal living farther out from the domestic grazing lands (Da 5:21+), note: by reversing the resh and dalet read “flocks” in a few MSS

ערה (ʿrh): see 10571

10571 עַרְוָה (ʿǎr·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 6872 Str 6173; TWOT 2929—LN 87.58–87.75 (most versions) dishonor, an affront (NJB); a situation that causes shame, disgrace, or insult, and thereby lower one’s status or prestige (Ezr 4:14+)

ערר (ʿrr): see 10568

10572 עֲשַׂב (ʿǎśǎḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 6912 Str 6211; TWOT 1715a—LN 3.13–3.32 verdant vegetation, grass or small sprouting plants that are not trees (Da 4:12[EB 15],22[EB 25],29[EB 32],30[EB 33]; 5:21+)

10573 עֲשַׂר (ʿǎśǎr): n.masc. and fem. [Da 7:7, 20, 24a+]; ≡ DBLHebr 6917, 6920, 6924–6930 Str 6236; TWOT 2932—LN 60.19 ten as a cardinal number (Ezr 6:17; Da 4:26[EB 29]+), note: in Ezr 6:17; Da 4:26[EB 29] used in a compound number, 10 + 2 = 12

עַשְׂרָה (ʿǎś·rā(h)): see 10573

10574 עֶשְׂרִין (ʿěś·rîn): n.[masc.?]pl. BDB: indecl.; ≡ DBLHebr 6929 Str 6243; TWOT 2932a—LN 60.25 twenty as a cardinal number (Da 6:2[EB 1]+), note: in a compound number, 20 + 100 = 120

עֲשִׁית (ʿǎšîṯ): adj.—see 10575

עשׁת (ʿšt): see 10575

10575 עֲשַׁת (ʿǎšǎṯ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 6951 Str 6246; TWOT 2933—1. LN 30.56–30.74 (peal pf. 3ms. intransitive) plan, think with intention and purpose, implying a certainty to be carried out (Da 6:4[EB 3]+); 2. LN 31.1–31.7 (peal ptcp. pass. with act. meaning) (Holladay, KB, BDB) be inclined, have an opinion or view (Da 6:4[EB 3]+)

עֲשִׁת (ʿǎšiṯ): see 10575

10576 עֶת (ʿěṯ): adv.—see 10365

עתד (ʿtd): see 10577

10577 עֲתִיד (ʿǎṯîḏ): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 6969 Str 6263; TWOT 2934—LN 77 ready, prepared, i.e., be disposed to do something (Da 3:15+)

10578 עַתִּיק (ʿǎt·tîq): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 6972, 6980 Str 6268; TWOT 2935—1. LN 67.96–67.105 old, aged, pertaining to a long time, implying respect (ASV, RSV, NEB, NJB), (Da 7:9+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 12.1–12.42 (as a title of God in most versions) עַתִּיק יוֹם (ʿǎt·tîq yôm) the Ancient of Days; Ancient One (NRSV, NAB), Ancient in Years (REB), One most venerable (NJB), i.e., a title of respect, honor and veneration (Da 7:9, 13, 22+)

עתק (ʿtq): see 10578

‍פ‍, ‍ף

10579 פ (p): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 6989—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

פּוּם (pûm): see 10588

פּוּקוּ (pû·qû): see 10485 peal imv. masc.pl. (Da 3:26+)

10580 פֶּחָה (pě·ḥā(h)): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7068 Str 6347; TWOT 2936—LN 37.48–37.95 governor, political ruler and administrator appointed by a king (Ezr 5:3, 6, 14; 6:6, 7, 13; Da 3:2, 3, 27; 6:8[EB 7]+), note: in Daniel the exact hierarchical relationship to other rulers is unclear

10581 פֶּחָר (pě·ḥār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6353; TWOT 2937—1. LN 6.129 (most versions) potter, one who makes vessels of the clay of the earth (Da 2:41+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 2.14–2.28 clay, a natural substance that can be formed into various objects (Da 2:41+), note: this meaning would be a repetition of חֲסַף (ḥǎsǎp̄), and so formally translated as “partly of clay of clay,” emphasizing the weakness of the material

פטישׁ (pṭyš): see 10582

10582 פַּטִּישׁ (pǎṭ·ṭîš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6361; TWOT 2938—LN 6.152–6.187 garment, variously interpreted in the versions: coat (NASB), tunic (ASV, RSV), shirt (NEB, REB), trousers (NIV, NRSV, NKJV, NJB), hosen (KJV), leggings (BDB), hat (NAB), Q פַּטְּשֵׁי ־הוֹן (pǎṭ·ṭešê hôn) (Da 3:21+)

פְּטַשׁ (peṭǎš): see 10582

פלג (plg) or פּלג (plg): see 10583

10583 פְּלַג (pelǎḡ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7103 Str 6386; TWOT 2939—LN 63.23–63.27 (peal ptcp. pass. fem.) be divided, to not be united in a socio-political oneness (Da 2:41+)

10584 פְּלַג (pelǎḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 7103 Str 6387; TWOT 2939a—LN 60.62 a half of a unit of time (Da 7:25+), see also 10530

10585 פְּלֻגָּה (pelǔg·gā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 7107 Str 6392; TWOT 2939b—LN 11.12–11.54 departmental section, a work group of priests for temple service; (most versions) division; class (NAB), group (REB, NEB), order (NJB), (Ezr 6:18+)

פלח (plḥ) or פּלח (plḥ): see 10586

10586 פְּלַח (pelǎḥ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7114 Str 6399; TWOT 2940—1. LN 53.53–53.64 (peal) serve deity, implying submission and so giving honor and worship (Da 3:12, 14, 17, 18, 28; 6:17[EB 16],21[EB 20]; 7:14, 27+); 2. LN 53.66–53.95 (peal act. ptcp. masc.pl. cs.) temple worker, a class of temple servant (Ezr 7:24+)

10587 פָּלְחָן (pāl·ḥān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6402; TWOT 2940a—LN 53.1–53.15 service as a religious activity in temple worship of God (Ezr 7:19+)

10588 פֻּם (pǔm): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7023 Str 6433; TWOT 2941—1. LN 8.19 mouth a body part (Da 6:23[EB 22]; 7:5+); 2. LN 33.74–33.75 speech, talk (Da 4:28[EB 31]; 7:8, 20); 3. LN 7.26–7.53 entrance of a cave or pit (Da 6:18[EB 17])

10589 פַּס (pǎs): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7168 Str 6447; TWOT 2942—1. LN 8.9–8.69 palm of the hand (Da 5:5, 24+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 hand, from the wrist to the tip of the fingers, with the focus being that this was only a hand and not forearm with a hand (Da 5:5, 24+), note: the motion described in the context makes clear it is the back of the hand or some portion of the back of the hand which was observed

פְּסַנְטֵרִין (pesǎn·ṭē·rîn): see 10590 (Da 3:7+)

10590 פְּסַנְתֵּרִין (pesǎn·tē·rîn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6460; TWOT 2943—LN 6.83–6.95 harp (RSV, NRSV, NIV, NJB), i.e., a triangular-shaped stringed instrument with a resonator or sounding board above or possibly below the strings which were plucked or struck; psaltery (ASV, NASB, KJV, NKJV, NAB), dulcimer (NEB, REB), (Da 3:5, 7, 10, 15+)

10591 פַּרְזֶל (pǎr·zěl): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 1366 Str 6523; TWOT 2944—LN 2.58–2.59 iron, a metal substance, with the focus on strength or perceived invincibility (Da 2:33–45 passim; 4:12, 20; 5:4, 23; 7:7, 19+)

פרס (prs) or פּרס (prs): see 10592

10592 פְּרַס (perǎs): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7271—1. LN 39.13–39.17 (peal pf. pass. 3fs.) be divided into two parts, i.e., split apart in hostility (Da 5:28+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 13.1–13.47 פְּרַס מַלְכוּ (perǎs mǎl·ḵû) end, cease to have a state of ruling, formally, kingdom be divided (Da 5:28+)

10593 פְּרֵס (perēs): n.[masc.]—1. LN 6.68–6.82 parsin or peres (a unit of measure & weight), half of a shekel, though some suggest the form is a dual, hence “two halves.” (Da 5:28+) note: traditionally rendered as half a mina, see 10428, 10770, for another interp, see next; 2. LN 19.27–19.33 (peal ptcp. act. masc.pl.) divided (Da 5:25+)

10594 פָּרַס (pā·rǎs): n.pr.g and loc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7273—1. LN 93-place a Persian (Da 5:28; 6:9[EB 8],13[EB 12],16[EB 15]+); 2. LN 93-place Persia, as a territory or land area (Ezr 4:24; 6:14), note: there may be overlap in the verse and entries

פַּרְסַי (pǎr·sǎy): see 10595

10595 פַּרְסָי (pǎr·sāy): a.pr.g K; n.pr.g Q; ≡ DBLHebr 7273, 7275—LN 93-place the Persian Q (Da 6:29[EB 28]+), note: the K might translate “the persian Cyrus,” with the focus of describing and limiting, and the Q is appositional, “Cyrus = the Persian.”

פרק (prq) or פּרק (prq): see 10596

10596 פְּרַק (perǎq): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7293 Str 6562; TWOT 2946—1. LN 13.1–13.47 (peal imv. 2ms.) stop, break off, cease, with the focus on the ending of a state (ASV, RSV, NASB, NKJV, KJV, NJB), renounce by action (NIV), (Da 4:24[EB 27]+), for another less likely interp, see below; 2. LN 37.127–37.138 redeem, unloose, set oneself free from sins (NEB), (Da 4:24[EB 27]+); 3. LN 40.8–40.13 atone for sins, abolish, find forgiveness (NRSV, NAB), (Da 4:24[EB 27]+)

פרשׁ (prš) or פּרשׁ (prš): see 10597

10597 פְּרַשׁ (perǎš): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7300 Str 6568; TWOT 2947—1. LN 33.134–33.155 (pael ptcp. pass.) be translated, be made plain or clear by putting into another language, with the implication that each section of the letter was fully read (NIV, NJB, NASB, NRSV), (Ezr 4:18+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.69–33.108 be enunciated clearly and distinctly, i.e., articulate by reading before an audience something in a manner clear to the listener

10598 פַּרְשֶׁגֶן (pǎr·šě·ḡěn): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7306, 7358 Str 6573; TWOT 2948—1. LN 6.54–6.67 copy of a writing, i.e., a duplicate of a transcript (Ezr 4:11, 23; 5:6+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.35–33.68 a written communication, with the focus on the content of the copy and not the object itself (Ezr 4:11, 23; 5:6+)

פשׁר (pšr) or פּשׁר (pšr): see 10599, 10600

10599 פְּשַׁר (pešǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7323, 7354 Str 6590; TWOT 2949—1. LN 33.134–33.155 (peal inf.) give an interpretation, explain something that is an omen or supernatural mystery (Da 5:16+); 2. LN 33.134–33.155 (pael act. ptcp.) interpreter, of omens and hidden information (Da 5:12+)

10600 פְּשַׁר (pešǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7323, 7354, 7355 Str 6591; TWOT 2949a—LN 33.134–33.155 interpretation, explanation, i.e., what something means; always in reference to dream omens or baffling apparitional revelations (Da 2:4–45 passim, 4:3–21 passim, 5:7–26 passim, 7:16+)

10601 פִּתְגָם (piṯ·ḡām): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7330 Str 6600; TWOT 2950—1. LN 33.35–33.68 decree, edict, formal decision (Ezr 6:11; Da 4:14[EB 17]+); 2. LN 33.189–33.217 an accounting, a report, implying a response to a prior situation (Ezr 4:17; 5:7, 11; Da 3:16+)

פתה (pth): see 10603

פתח (ptḥ) or פּתח (ptḥ): see 10602

10602 פְּתַח (peṯǎḥ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7337 Str 6606; TWOT 2951—1. LN 16 (peal pf. pass. pl.) be swung open, i.e., non-linear movement of a window shutter outward, implying a public display (Da 6:11[EB 10]+); 2. LN 16 (peal pass. ptcp. pl. fem.) open a scroll, likely an unrolling movement (Da 7:10+), for another interp, see next; 3. LN 79.110–79.113 open, with the focus on the feature of an object (Da 7:10+)

10603 פְּתָי (peṯāy): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6613; TWOT 2952—LN 81.15–81.19 width, breadth, as a spatial dimensions (Ezr 6:3; Da 3:1+)

‍צ‍, ץ

10604 צ‍ (ṣ): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 7360—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

צְבָא (ṣeḇā(ʾ)): see 10605

צבה (ṣbh): see 10605

10605 צְבָה (ṣeḇā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7382 Str 6634; TWOT 2953—1. LN 30.56–30.74 (peal) want, intend, plan a course of action based on the thought process, implying a choice (Da 4:14[EB 17],22[EB 25],29[EB 32],32[EB 35]; 5:19,21; 7:19+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 25.1–25.11 desire, want, wish for, with the focus on the emotion or attitude (Da 7:19+)

10606 צְבוּ (ṣeḇû): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6640; TWOT 2953a—1. LN 13.115 situation, matter, affair, i.e., an event that happens (Da 6:18[EB 17]+), note: “situation may not be changed” means “no rescue may be effected.”; 2. LN 92.11–92.25 לָא (lā(ʾ)) … צְבוּ (ṣeḇû) nothing, a negative discourse referential (Da 6:18[EB 17]+), for another interp, see prior entry

צבע (ṣbʿ): see 10607

10607 צְבַע (ṣeḇǎʿ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7388, 7389 Str 6647; TWOT 2954—1. LN 44 (hitpaal) consume water, be nurtured by consuming water, by grazing on dew-covered plants (Da 4:12[EB 15],20[EB 23],30[EB 33]; 5:21+); (pael ptcp. pl.) be watered (Da 4:22[EB 25]), see also 10299, for another interp, see next; 2. LN 85 צְבַע בְּ־ (מִן־) טַל (ṣeḇǎʿ b- (min-) ṭǎl) be exposed, bared to the elements as an animal, with the focus of wetness on the skin of a person, implying a harsh existence; see above for verses

10608 צַד (ṣǎḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 7396 Str 6655; TWOT 2955—1. LN 39.1–39.12 לְ־ צַד (l- ṣǎḏ) against, in conflict with; a marker to show opposition; formally, “to the side” (Da 7:25+); 2. LN 89.4–89.7 מִן־ צַד (min- ṣǎḏ) in regard to, in reference to; a marker to show a specific relationship, formally, “from the side” (Da 6:5[EB 4]+)

10609 צְדָא (ṣeḏā(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6656; TWOT 2956—1. LN 72.1–72.11 (with the interrogative marker) הֲ־ צְדָא (hǎ- ṣeḏā(ʾ)) Is it true?, Is this the real situation? (Da 3:14+), note: so translated without emendation in most versions, for another interp, see next; 2. LN 30.56–30.74 (with the interrogative marker) הֲ־ צְדָא (hǎ- ṣeḏā(ʾ)) is it deliberate?, is this on purpose? (ASV, BDB), (Da 3:14+), note: apparently, an emendation to הֲ־ אַזְדָּא (hǎ- ʾǎz·dā(ʾ))

צדד (ṣdd): see 10608

צדק (ṣdq): see 10609?, 10610

10610 צִדְקָה (ṣiḏ·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 7407 Str 6665; TWOT 2957—1. LN 88.12–88.23 what is right, proper action as related to moral and ethical considerations (Da 4:24[EB 27]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 53.1–53.15 righteous behavior, i.e., in conformity to Torah, as a religious observance (Da 4:24[EB 27]+), note: the context suggests but does not demand this entry as the meaning, based on the parallel thought that follows, namely, kindness to the oppressed

10611 צַוַּאר (ṣǎw·wǎ(ʾ)r): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7418 Str 6676; TWOT 2958—LN 8.25 neck, the area of the human body (Da 5:7, 16, 29+)

צור (ṣwr): see 10611

צְלָא (ṣelā(ʾ)): see 10612

צלה (ṣlh): see 10612

10612 צְלָה (ṣelā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6739; TWOT 2959—LN 33.347–33.348 with לְ־ (l) or קֳדָם (qǒḏām) (pael ptcp. pl. and masc.sing.) pray in intercession, pray for (Ezr 6:10; Da 6:11[EB 10]+), note: in Daniel 6:12[EB 11] parallel to בְּעָה (beʿā(h))

צלח (ṣlḥ): see 10613

10613 צְלַח (ṣelǎḥ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7503 Str 6744; TWOT 2960—1. LN 87.19–87.57 (hafel) promote, elevate in position in the government; formally, cause to prosper (Da 3:30+); 2. LN 13.48–13.68 make progress, have an advancement in the construction of a building, related to a change of state (Ezr 5:8; 6:14+); 3. LN 68.22–68.33 prosper, have success, implying a proper relationship to God, hence wise and in a state of success (Da 6:29[EB 28]+)

צלם (ṣlm): see 10614

10614 צְלֵם (ṣelēm): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7512, 7513 Str 6755; TWOT 2961—1. LN 6.96–6.101 sculptured image, statue; awesome but not necessarily worshipped as a deity (Da 2:31–35 passim+); 2. LN 6.96–6.101 idol, a sculptured image to be worshipped as deity (Da 3:1–18 passim+); 3. LN 88.160–88.166 hostile attitude (Da 3:19+), see 10049; 4. LN 30 opinion, see 10049 (Da 3:19+)

10615 צְפִיר (ṣep̄îr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7618 Str 6841; TWOT 2963—LN 4 male goat, he-goat, ram (Ezr 6:17+), see also 10535

צפר (ṣpr): see 10616

10616 צִפַּר (ṣip·pǎr): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 7607 Str 6853; TWOT 2962—LN 4.38–4.46 bird, of a general kind (Da 4:9[EB 12],11[EB 14],18[EB 21],30[EB 33]+), note: for the phrase “birds of the air,” see 10533

ק

10617 ק (q): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 7682—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

קָאֵם (qā·ʾēm): see 10624 peal act. ptcp. masc.sing. (Da 2:31+)

קבל (qbl): see 10618, 10619

קַבֵּל (qǎb·bēl): see 10618

10618 קְבַל (qeḇǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7691 Str 6902; TWOT 2964—1. LN 57.125–57.141 (pael) receive, gifts or honor (Da 2:6+); 2. LN 37.65 begin to rule as a king, formally, receive a kingdom (Da 6:1[EB 5:31]; 7:18+)

10619 קֳבֵל (qǒḇēl): prep. and c.; ≡ Str 6903; TWOT 2965—1. LN 83.33–83.41 before, in front of, in a space (Da 2:31; 3:3; 5:1, 5+); 2. LN 89.15–89.38 since, because; a marker of cause or reason for something (Ezr 4:14; 6:13; Da 2:8); 3. LN 89.39–89.54 then, therefore, so then; a marker of a logical connector of two ideas (Ezr 4:16; 7:14; Da 2:12, 24); 4. LN 64 as just as, i.e., the same in comparison to something else (Da 2:41; 6:11[EB 10])

10620 קַדִּישׁ (qǎd·dîš): adj. and n.; ≡ DBLHebr 7705 Str 6922; TWOT 2967—1. LN 88.24–88.35 (a) holy, uniquely pure in morality (Da 4:5[EB 8],6[EB 9],15[EB 18]; 5:11+); 2. LN 11.27 (n.) saint, holy one, i.e., one who is a member of a socio-religious group that belongs to the true God (Da 7:18, 21, 22,25, 27+); 3. LN 12.28 (n.) angel, holy messenger, with the semantic focus on the its uniqueness and moral purity (Da 4:10[EB 13],14[EB 17], 20[EB 23]+)

קדם (qdm): see 10621, 10622, 10623

10621 קֳדָם (qǒḏām): prep.; ≡ DBLHebr 7709–7720 Str 6925; TWOT 2966a—1. LN 83.33–83.41 before, in the presence of; a marker of a spatial relationship (Ezr 4:18; 7:19; Da 2:24, 25; 3:13; 4:3[EB 6]; 6:23[EB 22]; 7:10, 13), note: often the context implies the going before a superior; 2. LN 67.17–67.64 before, former, prior time; 3. LN 90.59 to, toward, for; a marker of an involved experiencer (Ezr 4:23; Da 2:9, 10, 11; 3:32; 4:4[EB 7]; 5:17; 6:2[EB 1]); 4. LN 90.14–90.16 מִן קֳדָם (min qǒḏām) from, out from the presence of, with the focus on the source or origination of something (Ezr 7:14; Da 2:6)

קֳדָם־ (qǒḏām-): see 10621

10622 קַדְמָה (qǎḏ·mā(h)): n.fem. and adv.; ≡ DBLHebr 7712 Str 6928; TWOT 2966b—1. LN 67.17–67.64 (n.) the former times (Da 6:11[EB 10]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 67.17–67.64 (adv.) מִקַּדְמַת (miq·qǎḏ·mǎṯ) or מִן־קַדְמַת (min-·qǎḏ·mǎṯ), formerly (Ezr 5:11; Da 6:11[EB 10]+)

10623 קַדְמָי (qǎḏ·māy): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 7704, 7708–7720 Str 6933; TWOT 2966c—1. LN 60.46 first in a series (Da 7:4, 8+); 2. LN 61 earlier, pertaining to a former person in a sequence (Da 7:24+)

קדשׁ (qdš): see 10620

קום (qwm): see 10624, 10629

10624 קוּם (qûm): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7756 Str 6966; TWOT 2968—1. LN 17.1–17.11 (peal) stand, rise up (Ezr 5:2; Da 2:31; 3:3, 24; 6:20[EB 19]; 7:5, 10, 16); (hafel) set up, cause to stand (Da 3:1–18 passim); 2. LN 13.83 (peal) arise, cause to come into existence (Da 2:39; 7:17, 24); 3. LN 67.78–67.117 קוּם לְ־ עָלַם (qûm l- ʿā·lǎm) perpetually endure, never end (Da 2:44+); 4. LN 76.21 (pael) issue, set forth a binding decree (Da 6:8[EB 7]); (hafel) 6:9, 16; 5. LN 37.96–37.107 (hafel, afel) set up, establish, i.e., assign to a role or function (Ezr 6:18; Da 2:21; 4:14[EB 17]; 5:11, 21; 6:2[EB 1], 4[EB 3]); 6. LN 17.1–17.11 (hofal) be raised up (Da 7:4, 5+); 7. LN 13.1–13.47 (hafel, afel) cause to be, make come into existence (Da 2:44)

קטל (qṭl): see 10625

10625 קְטַל (qeṭǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7779 Str 6992; TWOT 2969—1. LN 20.61–20.88 (peal) put to death, execute, kill (Da 5:19+); (hitpeel inf.) be put to death (Da 2:13b); (pael) kill (Da 2:14; 3:22+); (hitpaal ptcp. pl.) be put to death (Da 2:13a); 2. LN 23.88–23.128 (peal pass.) be slain, die (Da 5:30; 7:11+)

קטר (qṭr): see 10626

10626 קְטַר (qeṭǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7001; TWOT 2970—1. LN 32.19–32.23 difficult problem, an enigma, implying a supernatural and obscure or hidden difficulty; שְׁרָה קְטַר (šerā(h) qeṭǎr), explain an enigma, formally, loosen a (supernatural?) knot (Da 5:12, 16+); 2. LN 8.59–8.60 joint (of the hip), a body part (Da 5:6+), see also 10284

10627 קַיִט (qǎ·yiṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 7811 Str 7007; TWOT 2971—LN 67.163 summer, the hot season of harvest (Da 2:35+)

10628 קְיָם (qeyām): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7010; TWOT 2968a—LN 33.333–33.342 edict, statute, decree with the binding force of law (Da 6:8[EB 7],16[EB 15]+)

10629 קַיָּם (qǎy·yām): adj.; ≡ Str 7011; TWOT 2968b—1. LN 13.69–13.103 enduring, abiding; pertaining to continuing to exist and so remain in a (sure) state (Da 4:23[EB 26]; 6:27[EB 26]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 13.48–13.68 restore (NIV), re-establish (NRSV); pertaining to a resumption of a prior state (Da 4:23[EB 26]+)

קיתרוס (qytrws), קיתרס (qytrs): see 10630

10630 קִיתְרֹס (qî·ṯerōs): n.[masc.]—LN 6.83–6.95 stringed instrument, likely plucked to make music, the exact variety is variously interpreted: kithara (Holladay), zither (NIV, NEB, KB, REB), harp (ASV, RSV, KJV, NKJV), lyre (NASB, NRSV, NAB, NJB), (Da 3:5, 7, 10, 15+), note: see 10644 and BHS for Q spelling

10631 קָל (qāl): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 7754 Str 7032; TWOT 2973—1. LN 14.74–14.86 musical sound (Da 3:5, 7, 10, 15+); 2. LN 14.74–14.86 sound of words (Da 7:11+); 3. LN 33.69–33.108 audible voice, communication by speaking or talking (4:28[EB 31]; 6:21[EB 20]+)

קְנָא (qenā(ʾ)): see 10632

קנה (qnh): see 10632

10632 קְנָה (qenā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7864 Str 7066; TWOT 2974—1. LN 57.186–57.188 (peal impf. 2ms.) buy, purchase, with the focus on the act. of acquisition (Ezr 7:17+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 57.55–57.70 acquire, gain possession of something, with the focus on possession of something (Ezr 7:17+)

קצה (qṣh): see 10636

קצף (qṣp): see 10633, 10634

10633 קְצַף (qeṣǎp̄): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7911 Str 7108; TWOT 2975—1. LN 88.171–88.191 (peal pf. 3ms.) become furious, be enraged (Da 2:12+), see also 10113; see also below; 2. LN 88.171–88.191 בְּנַס וְ קְצַף (benǎs w qeṣǎp̄) be in a violent rage (NRSV, NAB), be in a furious rage, implying anger to a very great degree (Da 2:12+)

10634 קְצַף (qeṣǎp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 7912 Str 7109; TWOT 2975a—LN 88.171–88.191 wrath, anger, fury, implying a response (Ezr 7:23+)

קצץ (qṣṣ): see 10635

10635 קְצַץ (qeṣǎṣ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7915—LN 19.14–19.26 (pael imv. 2mp.) cut off, chop off; trim off (NIV), lop off (NEB, REB, NAB, NJB), (Da 4:11[EB 14]+)

10636 קְצָת (qeṣāṯ): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 7921 Str 7118; TWOT 2976—1. LN 67.66 לְ־ קְצָת (l- qeṣāṯ) the end, of a portion of time marking the end of a duration (Da 4:26[EB 29],31[EB 34]+); 2. LN 63.13–63.20 מִן־קְצָת (min-·qeṣāṯ) partly, a portion of a whole composition (Da 2:42+)

קרא (qrʾ): see 10637

10637 קְרָא (qerā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7924 Str 7123; TWOT 2977—1. LN 33.68 (peal & peal pass.) read out loud, verbally speak a written communication (Ezr 4:18, 23; Da 5:7b, 8, 15, 16, 17+); 2. LN 33.256–33.261 call out loud, proclaim publicly, herald (Da 3:4; 4:11[EB 14]+); 3. LN 33.307–33.314 (hitpeel impf.) be called, be summoned (Da 5:12+); (peal pf. 3ms.) Da 5:7a+

קרב (qrb): see 10638, 10639

10638 קְרֵב (qerēḇ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 7928 Str 7127; TWOT 2978—1. LN 15.75–15.80 (peal) come near, approach, linear movement (Da 3:26; Da 6:13[EB 12],21[EB 20]; 7:16+); 2. LN 53.16–53.27 (pael impf.) offer a sacrifice (Ezr 7:17+); 3. LN 53.16–53.27 (hafel) offer a sacrifice (Ezr 6:10, 17+); 4. LN 15.165–15.186 (hafel pf. 3mp.) bring near (Da 7:13+); 5. LN 33.218–33.223 assert, put forward a proposition, with the focus on the communication to follow, as contrasted with linear movement (Da 3:8+)

10639 קְרָב (qerāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 7930 Str 7129; TWOT 2978a—LN 55.2–55.6 war (Da 7:21+)

קִרְיָא (qir·yā(ʾ)): see 10640 (Ezr 4:15)

10640 קִרְיָה (qir·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 7953 Str 7149; TWOT 2979—LN 1.88–1.94 city, inhabited metropolis with a fortification wall; in our BA contexts relatively large, referring to Samaria or Jerusalem (Ezr 4:10, 12, 13, 15,16, 19, 21+)

10641 קֶרֶן (qě·rěn): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 7967 Str 7162; TWOT 2980—1. LN 8.17 horn, i.e., bony growth on the head of some animals (Da 7:7, 8,11, 20,21, 24+); 2. LN 6.83–6.95 horn, a wind musical instrument made of an animal horn, or horn-shaped wood or metal. It could be smaller or tuba sized, the size and specific form are unknown in these contexts (Da 3:5, 7, 10, 15+)

קרץ (qrṣ): see 10642

10642 קְרַץ (qerǎṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7170; TWOT 2981—LN 63 a piece of something (Da 3:8; 6:25[EB 24]+), note: for the phrase אֲכַל קְרַץ (ʾǎḵǎl qerǎṣ), see 10030

קשׁט (qšṭ): see 10643

10643 קְשֹׁט (qešōṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 7999 Str 7187; TWOT 2982—1. LN 70 truth, what really is (Da 4:34[EB 37]+), for another interp, see below; 2. LN 70 מִן־ קְשֹׁט דִּי (min- qešōṭ dî) truly, surely, really (Da 2:47+), note: this entry may be under domain 72, with the focus on certainty and affirmation; 3. LN 88.12–88.23 right, just, in accord with a standard (RSV, NIV, NEB, NAB, REB), (Da 4:34[EB 37]+)

10644 קַתְרוֹס (qǎṯ·rôs): n.[masc.]—see 10630 Q

קַתְרֹס (qǎṯ·rōs): see 10630

ר

10645 ר (r): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 8010—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

ראה (rʾh): see 10067?, 10657

10646 רֵאשׁ (rē(ʾ)š): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8031 Str 7217; TWOT 2983—1. LN 8.10 head, a part of the body (Da 2:32, 38; 3:27; 7:6, 9, 20+); 2. LN 36.1–36.9 leader, the head of a group (Ezr 5:10+); 3. LN 26 the mind, the facility of thought, contemplation, and perception (Da 2:28; 4:2[EB 5],7[EB 10],10[EB 13]; 7:1a, 15+); 4. LN 33.11–33.25 רֵאשׁ מִלָּה (rē(ʾ)š mil·lā(h)) the substance, the essence, i.e., most important thing (Da 7:1b+), for another interp, see next; 5. LN 67.65–67.72 the beginning, i.e., the first part of a written account (Da 7:1b+)

10647 רַב (rǎḇ): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 8041 Str 7229, 7260; TWOT 2984a—1. LN 87.19–87.57 great, of high status (Ezr 4:10; 5:8, 11; Da 2:10, 45; 4:27[EB 30]+); 2. LN 79.123–79.128 large, spatially great in size (Da 2:31, 35; 5:1; 7:2, 3, 7, 17, 20a+); 3. LN 59.11–59.22 many, a number or quantity of something (Da 2:48a+); 4. LN 78 powerful, great in might, high on a scale of extent (Da 3:33+); 5. LN 37.48–37.95 (as a title) Rab, i.e., the chief or commander over a group (Da 2:14, 48b; 4:6[EB 9]; 5:11+); 6. LN 33.368–33.373 מְלַל רַב (melǎl rǎḇ) or מִלָּה רַב (mil·lā(h) rǎḇ) boast, brag, implying arrogance or contempt (Da 7:8, 11, 20+)

רבב (rbb): see 10647, 10652 see also 10648

רבה (rbh): see 10648, 10650

10648 רְבָה (reḇā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8049 Str 7236; TWOT 2985—1. LN 87.19–87.57 (pael pf.) place in a high position, make great in position, honor, and status (Da 2:48+); 2. LN 87.19–87.57 (peal) be great, be of a high status and honored (Da 4:19[EB 22]+); 3. LN 79.123–79.128 (peal) become large, massive, or tall, spatially great in size (Da 4:8[EB 11],17[EB 20]+); 4. LN 81.12–81.14 (peal pf. 3ms.) grow long, have long hair (Da 4:30[EB 33]+)

10649 רִבּוֹ (rib·bô): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 8052 Str 7240; TWOT 2984b—1. LN 60.45 (as a calculated number) ten thousand, (Da 7:10+), for another interp, see next, note: see BHS for the K and Q forms; 2. LN 60.7 (as a non-calculated virtually countless number) very, very, many (Da 7:10+); 3. LN 60.10–60.45 רִבּוֹ רִבְבָן (rib·bô riḇ·ḇān) (as a calculated number) 10,000 × 10,000 = 100 million (ASV, RSV, NRSV, NIV, KJV, NKJV, NJB), (Da 7:10+); 4. LN 60.1–60.9 (as a non-calculated virtually countless number) myriads upon myriads (NASB, NEB, REB, NAB), note: compare the English idiom “zillions”

10650 רְבוּ (reḇû): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7238; TWOT 2985a—LN 87.19–87.57 greatness, high position, of great status (Da 4:19[EB 22],33[EB 36]; 5:18, 19; 7:27+)

10651 רְבִיעָי (reḇî·ʿāy): adj. (ordinal number); ≡ DBLHebr 8055 Str 7244; TWOT 2986b—LN 60.51 fourth in a series (Da 2:40; 3:25; 7:7, 19, 23+), note: see BHS for the K and Q forms

רְבִיעִי (reḇî·ʿî): see 10651

רַבְרְבִין (rǎḇ·reḇîn): see 10647

רַבְרְבָן (rǎḇ·reḇān): see 10652 or 10647

10652 רַבְרְבָנִין (rǎḇ·reḇā·nîn): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8042 Str 7261; TWOT 2984c—LN 87.19–87.57 nobles, the aristocratic social class that had high status and access to the king (Da 4:33[EB 36]; 5:1, 2, 3, 9, 10, 23; 6:18[EB 17]+)

רגז (rgz): see 10653, 10654

10653 רְגַז (reḡǎz): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8074 Str 7265; TWOT 2987—LN 88.171–88.191 (hafel pf. 3mp.) cause anger, enrage another (Ezr 5:12+), see also 10270

10654 רְגַז (reḡǎz): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8075 Str 7266; TWOT 2987a—LN 88.171–88.191 anger, rage, wrath (Da 3:13+)

רגל (rgl): see 10655

10655 רְגַל (reḡǎl): n.[fem.]; ≡ DBLHebr 8079 Str 7271; TWOT 2988—1. LN 8.49 (always dual) pair of feet, a part of the human body (Da 2:33, 34, 41, 42; 7:4, 7, 19+), note: see BHS at Da 7:7 for the K and Q forms; 2. LN 8 (always dual) pair of paws on an animal or beast (Da 7:7, 19+), for another interp, see prior entry

רְגֵל (reḡēl): see 10655

רגשׁ (rgš): see 10656

10656 רְגַשׁ (reḡǎš): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8093 Str 7284; TWOT 2989—LN 15.123–15.134 (hafel pf. pl.) go as a group, throng as a mob, i.e., linear movement with the focus on the bustle of a crowd moving together, implying collusion (Da 6:7[EB 6],12[EB 11],16[EB 15]+), note: see commentaries for a fuller discussion on the interpretations of this v.

10657 רֵו (rēw): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8024 Str 7299; TWOT 2990—LN 24.1–24.51 appearance, manifestation, i.e., what something looks like as a sensory perception or memory (Da 2:31; 3:25+)

רֵוֵהּ (rē·wēh): n.masc. + suff.3ms.—see 10657 + 10192

רוח (rwḥ): see 10658, 10666

10658 רוּחַ (rûaḥ): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 8120 Str 7308; TWOT 2991a—1. LN 14.4–14.9 wind (Da 2:35; 7:2+); 2. LN 12.33 spirit, a supernatural non-material being (Da 4:5[EB 8],6[EB 9],15[EB 18]; 5:11, 14+); 3. LN 26.9 mind, heart, spirit, i.e., a non-material part of a person, with the focus on the faculty of reasoning (Da 5:12, 20; 6:4[EB 3]; 7:15+), note: there may be overlap in the verses and entries

רום (rwm): see 10659, 10660

10659 רוּם (rûm): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8123 Str 7313; TWOT 2992—1. LN 88.206–88.222 (peal) become arrogant, be haughty of mind (Da 5:20+); 2. LN 33.354–33.364 (polel) exalt, verbal praise speaking of greatness (Da 4:34[EB 37]+); 3. LN 87.4–87.18 (hafel) promote, cause to rise in rank, implying honor and power (Da 5:19+); 4. LN 39.34–39.41 (hitpolel) רוּם עַל (rûm ʿǎl) oppose, formally, rise up against, implying rebellion to a superior authority (Da 5:23+)

10660 רוּם (rûm): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8124 Str 7314; TWOT 2992a—LN 81.3–81.11 height, i.e., tallness of a spatial object (Ezr 6:3; Da 3:1; 4:7[EB 10],8[EB 11],17[EB 20]+)

10661 רָז (rāz): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7328; TWOT 2993—LN 28.77 mystery, secret, i.e., information or omens so enigmatic or baffling that only revelation from God can make it understandable (Da 2:18, 19, 27, 28, 29, 30, 47; 4:6[EB 9]+)

10662 רְחוּם (reḥûm): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8156—LN 93-person Rehum (Ezr 4:8, 9, 17, 23+)

רְחִיק (reḥîq): see 10663

10663 רַחִיק (rǎ·ḥîq): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 8158 Str 7352; TWOT 2994—1. LN 81.12–81.14 far, far away, distant, i.e., be spatially absent from a point of reference (Ezr 6:6+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 13.150–13.163 aloof, detached, i.e., dispassionate in stopping an event, without implication of spatial movement (Ezr 6:6+)

רחם (rḥm): see 10664

10664 רַחֲמִין (rǎ·ḥǎmîn): n.[masc.]pl.; ≡ DBLHebr 8171 Str 7359; TWOT 2995—LN 88.75–88.82 mercy, compassion, i.e., kindness or concern which results in a favorable action (Da 2:18+)

רחץ (rḥṣ): see 10665

10665 רְחַץ (reḥǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 7365; TWOT 2996—LN 31.82–31.101 (hitpeel pf. 3mp.) put one’s trust in, rely on, have active, operative faith in (Da 3:28+)

רחק (rḥq): see 10663

10666 רֵיחַ (rêaḥ): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 8194 Str 7382; TWOT 2991b—1. LN 79.45–79.47 odor, scent, i.e., distinctive smell as the feature of an object, with the focus on the clothing and skin (Da 3:27+), for another focus, see next; 2. LN 24.71 sense of smell, with the focus on the capacity to sense odor (Da 3:27+)

רכב (rkb): see 10072

רְמָא (remā(ʾ)): see 10667

רמה (rmh): see 10667

10667 רְמָה (remā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8227 Str 7412; TWOT 2997—1. LN 85.32–85.54 (peal) place, formally, thrown, in a linear movement (Da 3:20, 24+); (peal pass.) be placed (Da 3:21; Da 7:9+); (hitpeel) be placed (Da 3:6, 11, 15+), note: though linear movement is understood, it is not the hurling of the object, but the placing of the person or object in a rough or hurried manner; 2. LN 15.118–15.122 (peal) drop, cause to fall into (Da 6:17, 25+); (hitpeel) be dropped (Da 6:8, 13+), note: this definition is dependant upon the lion’s den being a pit in the ground, otherwise these verses go under prior entry; 3. LN 13.14 (peal) impose, i.e., cause a state or condition, implying authority over (Ezr 7:24+)

רעה (rʿh): see 10668, 10669

10668 רְעוּ (reʿû): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 8296 Str 7470; TWOT 2998a—1. LN 30.56–30.74 will, decision, i.e., a rational act. of thought, implying volition and purpose (Ezr 5:17; 7:18+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 25.1–25.11 a desire, a want or wish, with the focus on the attitude or emotion of the subject (Ezr 5:17; 7:18+)

10669 רַעְיוֹן (rǎʿ·yôn): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8301 Str 7476; TWOT 2998b—LN 30 thought, i.e., contemplation or reasoning, with the focus on the content of the thought (Da 2:29, 30; 4:16[EB 19]; 5:6, 10; 7:28+)

רען (rʿn): see 10670

10670 רַעֲנַן (rǎ·ʿǎnǎn): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 8315, 8316 Str 7487; TWOT 2999—LN 75 prosperous, flourishing, pertaining to thriving, with the focus on contentment and adequacy of life; this adequacy implies a life of luxury, riches, good health or other such ideas (Da 4:1[EB 4]+)

רעע (rʿʿ): see 10671

10671 רְעַע (reʿǎʿ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8368 Str 7490; TWOT 3000—LN 19.34–19.42 (peal impf. 3fs.) shatter, break, crush (Da 2:40b+); (pael ptcp.) shatter, dash to pieces (Da 2:40a+)

רפס (rps): see 10672

10672 רְפַס (rep̄ǎs): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8346 Str 7512; TWOT 3001—LN 19.43–19.54 (peal) trample down, crush or violently press upon with vertical pressure, implying complete destruction and ruin (Da 7:7, 19+)

רשׁם (ršm): see 10673

10673 רְשַׁם (rešǎm): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8398 Str 7560; TWOT 3002—LN 33.61 (peal) put in writing, communicate through written language (Da 6:9[EB 8],10[EB 9],11[EB 10],13[EB 12],14[EB 13]+); (peal pass.) be written, be published (Da 5:24, 25+)

שׂ

10674 שׂ (ś): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 8418—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

10675 שָׂב (śāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 2418—LN 53.77 Jewish community leader, elder; a man wise and active in socio-religious concerns of that community (Ezr 5:5, 9; 6:7, 8, 14+), note: the person was assumed to be truly grown up and mature, capable of growing a beard

שׂבךְ (śbk): see 10676

10676 שַׂבְּכָא (śǎb·beḵā(ʾ)): n.[fem.]; ≡ DBLHebr 8422—LN 6.83–6.95 (triangular) stringed musical instrument, variously translated: lyre (NIV, NKJV), sackbut (ASV, KJV), trigon (NASB, RSV, NRSV), triangle (NEB, REB), (Da 3:5, 7, 10, 15+)

שׂגא (śgʾ): see 10677, 10678

10677 שְׂגָא (śeḡā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8434 Str 7680; TWOT 3004—1. LN 78.5 (peal impf. 3ms.) grow, i.e., increase in the degree of a state (Ezr 4:22+); 2. LN 33.11–33.25 שְׁלָם שְׂגָא (šelām śeḡā(ʾ)) Greetings!, Hello; a transitional discourse marker to introduce a written communication, with the focus on the content to follow, formally, “may peace increase” (Da 3:31[EB 4:1]; 6:26[EB 25]+), note: this may be under 91.001-LN 91.5

10678 שַׂגִּיא (śǎg·gî(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 8438 Str 7690; TWOT 3004a—1. LN 59.1–59.10 abundant, many of a great quantity or amount of something (Ezr 5:11; Da 2:6, 48; 4:9[EB 12],18[EB 21]; 7:5+); 2. LN 78.1–78.27 (adv.) very, so much, to a very great degree on a scale (Da 2:12; 5:9; 6:15[EB 14],24[EB 23]; 7:28+); 3. LN 79.123–79.128 large, of a great spatial size (Da 2:31; 4:7[EB 10]+)

שׂהד (śhd): see 10679

10679 שָׂהֲדוּ (śā·hǎḏû): n.pr.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 3337, 8446, 8447—1. LN 93-place (Jegar) Sahadutha (Ge 31:47+); 2. LN 80.5–80.7 boundary marker (Ge 31:47+), see 10310

שׂוּם (śûm): see 10682

שׂטר (śṭr): see 10680

10680 שְׂטַר (śeṭǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7859; TWOT 3007—LN 8 שְׂטַר חַד (śeṭǎr ḥǎḏ) side, flank of an animal’s body (Da 7:5+)

שׂיב (śyb): see 10675, 10681

10681 שִׂיב (śîḇ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8482—LN 67.78–67.141 (peal ptcp.) be gray-haired, i.e., to be elderly, with a further implication of being wise, see 10675. Note: though this is ety. connected to “elder,” and therefore may be historically illustrative, it is not necessarily related to the meaning of שָׂב (śāḇ).

שׂים (śym): see 10682

10682 שִׂים (śîm): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8492 Str 7761; TWOT 3006—1. LN 76 (peal) issue forth a decree, implying authorization or authority (Ezr 4:21; 6:1; Da 3:10); (peal pass.) be issued (Ezr 4:19; 5:17; 6:8, 11; 7:13, 21; Da 3:29; 4:3[EB 6]; 6:27); (hitpeel) Ezr 4:21; 2. LN 37.96–37.107 (peal) appoint, place in authority (Ezr 5:14+); 3. LN 33.126–33.133 (peal), שִׂים שֻׁם (śîm šǔm) name someone (Da 5:12+); 4. LN 30.75–30.85 (peal), שִׂים בָּל (śîm bāl) decide, choose, i.e., be determined to a course of action (Da 6:15[EB 14]+), see also 10104, last; 5. LN 36.12–36.30 (peal), שִׂים לָא (śîm lā(ʾ)) … טְעֵם (ṭeʿēm) disregard, pay no attention, disobey (Da 3:12; 6:14[EB 13]+); 6. LN 85.32–85.54 (peal pass.) put, place an item on something (Da 6:18[EB 17]+); (hitpeel) Ezr 5:8; 7. LN 13.48–13.68 (hitpeel) be turned into, i.e., be laid to (rubble), (Da 2:5+)

שׂכל (śkl): see 10683, 10684

10683 שְׂכַל (śeḵǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8505 Str 7920; TWOT 3009—LN 30.1–30.38 (hitpaal ptcp.) think about, contemplate, i.e., consider with reflection (Da 7:8+)

10684 שָׂכְלְתָנוּ (śāḵ·leṯā·nû): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 8507 Str 7924; TWOT 3009a—LN 32.1–32.10 insight, ability to understand, i.e., intelligence related to sapient knowledge (Da 5:11, 12, 14+)

10685 שִׂלָּה (śil·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 6136—LN 39.34–39.41 insolence, rebellion (Da 3:29cj. KB+), see 10690, 10711, 10712

שׂנא (śnʾ): see 10686

10686 שְׂנָא (śenā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8533 Str 8131; TWOT 3010—LN 39.1–39.12 (peal ptcp. pl. as n.) enemy, one in a state of enmity with another, implying intense hostility and hate toward (Da 4:16[EB 19]+), note: see BHS for the Q spelling

שׂער (śʿr): see 10687

10687 שְׂעַר (śeʿǎr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8552 Str 8177; TWOT 3011—LN 8.12 (head or body) hair (Da 3:27; 4:30[EB 33]; 7:9+)

שׁ

10688 שׁ (š): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 8610—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

שׁאל (šʾl): see 10689, 10690

10689 שְׁאֵל (šeʾēl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8626 Str 7593; TWOT 3012—1. LN 33.180–33.188 (peal) interrogate, question, with an implication of hostility (Ezr 5:9+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.180–33.188 ask for information, inquire (Ezr 5:9, 10; Da 2:27+); 3. LN 33.323–33.332 require, command, i.e., a request or ask with a strong implication that a positive response must be given, or a consequence will follow (Ezr 7:21; Da 2:10, 11+)

10690 שְׁאֵלָה (šeʾē·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 8629 Str 7595; TWOT 3012a—1. LN 31.35–31.49 a question, implying unbelief in what is questioned (Da 3:29cj.+), see also 10685, 10711, 10712; 2. LN 13.115 affair, matter (KJV), thing (Da 4:14[EB 17]+), for another interp, see below; 3. LN 33.161–33.177 demand (ASV), order (NAB); 4. LN 56.20–56.34 verdict (NIV, NJB), decision (NASB, RSV, NRSV), sentence (NEB, REB, NKJV)

10691 שְׁאַלְתִּיאֵל (šeʾǎl·tî·ʾēl): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8630—LN 93-person Shealtiel (Ezr 5:2+)

שׁאר (šʾr): see 10692

10692 שְׁאָר (šeʾār): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8636, 8637 Str 7606; TWOT 3013—1. LN 63.21–63.22 the rest, remainder, whatever is left as a part of a whole (Ezr 4:9, 10a, 17a; 6:16; 7:18; Da 2:18; 7:7, 12, 19+); 2. LN 83.1–83.4 there, elsewhere; a point relatively far from the point of the speaker (Ezr 4:10b, 17b); 3. LN 59.72–59.76 something added, in addition to the whole of something (Ezr 7:20+)

שׁבב (šbb): see 10695

שׁבח (šbḥ): see 10693

10693 שְׁבַח (šeḇǎḥ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8655 Str 7624; TWOT 3014—LN 33.354–33.364 (pael) praise, laud, i.e., acclaim one’s excellence, implying the acknowledgment of high status to the recipient (Da 2:23; 4:31[EB 34],34[EB 37]; 5:4, 23+)

שׁבט (šbṭ): see 10694

10694 שְׁבַט (šeḇǎṭ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8657 Str 7625; TWOT 3015—LN 10.2 tribe, a subgroup of a nation, here it is the progeny of the 12 sons of Jacob (Israel), (Ezr 6:17+)

שְׁבֵט (šeḇēṭ): see 10694 an alternate lexical form

10695 שְׁבִיב (šeḇîḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 8663 Str 7631; TWOT 3016—LN 2.3–2.6 flame of a fire, i.e., the part above the coals or base of a fire which flash brightly (Da 3:22; 7:9+)

10696 שְׁבַע (šeḇǎʿ): adj. [BDB: n.fem.]; ≡ DBLHebr 8679 Str 7655; TWOT 3017—1. LN 60.16 seven (Ezr 7:14; Da 4:13[EB 16],20[EB 23],22[EB 25],29[EB 32]+); 2. LN 60.75–60.78 חַד־שְׁבַע (ḥǎḏ-·šeḇǎʿ) seven times (Da 3:19+), note: though one could interpret this as merely a multiple of the number seven, this is likely an idiom “hot to a perfective degree,” i.e., the fire couldn’t have been any hotter, possibly translate, “heated to the nth degree.”

שׁבק (šbq): see 10697

10697 שְׁבַק (šeḇǎq): v.; ≡ Str 7662; TWOT 3018—1. LN 13 (peal imv. pl.) leave alone, i.e., do not interfere with (Ezr 6:7+); 2. LN 13 (peal) leave, have remain in the same or similar state or condition (Da 4:12[EB 15],20[EB 23],23[EB 26]+); 3. LN 57.71–57.124 (hitpeel impf.) have control passed on to others, be left to (Da 2:44+)

שׁבשׁ (šbš): see 10698

10698 שְׁבַשׁ (šeḇǎš): v.; ≡ Str 7672; TWOT 3019—LN 32.1–32.10 (hitpaal) be bewildered, be baffled, be perplexed or not understanding (Da 5:9+), note: there may be an implication of fear

שׁגל (šgl): see 10699

10699 שֵׁגַל (šē·ḡǎl): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 8712 Str 7695; TWOT 3020—LN 10.53–10.61 concubine, consort, a lower status woman, with some kind of marital status, or possibly a mere “live-in” with no marital status (Da 5:2, 3, 23+), see also 10390

שֵׁגָל (šē·ḡāl): see 10699

שׁדר (šdr): see 10083, 10700

10700 שְׁדַר (šeḏǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7712; TWOT 3021—LN 68.63–68.78 (hitpaal ptcp.) make every effort, strive, take pains to do something, implying great intensity of effort (Da 6:15[EB 14]+)

10701 שַׁדְרַךְ (šǎḏ·rǎḵ): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8731—LN 93-person Shadrach (Da 2:49; 3:12–30 passim+), see also 10275

שׁוה (šwh): see 10702

10702 שְׁוָה (šewā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8750 Str 7739; TWOT 3023—1. LN 64 (with) עִם־ (ʿim-) (peal pf. pass.) be made like, be resembling something comparable (Da 5:21 K+); (pael pf. 3p. impersonal) make like, make comparable to (Da 5:21 Q+); 2. LN 13.48–13.68 (hitpaal impf.) be made into, change from one state to another (Da 3:29+)

שְׁוָה (šewā(h))[2] BDB: see 10702 (Da 3:29+)

10703 שׁוּר (šûr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8803 Str 7792; TWOT 3025—LN 7.59–7.62 wall of a city for fortified defense and status (Ezr 4:12, 13, 16+), note: see BHS for the Qs and editorial reconstructions of text

10704 שׁוּשַׁנְכָי (šû·šǎn·ḵāy): n.pr.g; ≡ DBLHebr 8809—LN 93-place (pl. with det.) the Susians, inhabitants of Susa (Ezr 4:9+)

שׁוּשַׁנְכָיֵא (šû·šǎn·ḵā·yē(ʾ)): see 10704

שׁחת (šḥt): see 10705

10705 שְׁחַת (šeḥǎṯ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8845 Str 7844; TWOT 3026—1. LN 33.251–33.255 (peal pass. fem.) be lying, be untrue, falsified (Da 2:9+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 88.105–88.125 (peal pass. fem.) be morally corrupt, be wicked (Da 2:9+); 3. LN 88.105–88.125 (as n.) a bad thing, a fault, moral imperfection (Da 6:5[EB 4]+)

10706 שֵׁיזִב (šê·ziḇ): v. (loanword); ≡ DBLHebr 6441 Str 7804; TWOT 3027—LN 21.17–21.24 (shafel) rescue, save, i.e., deliver from physical harm (Da 3:15, 17,28; 6:15[EB 14],17[EB 16],21[EB 20],28[EB 27]+), note: Da 6:28a[EB 27] may be a more general deliverance than physical rescue

שׁיציא (šyṣyʾ): see 10707

10707 שֵׁיצִיא (šê·ṣî(ʾ)): v. (loanword); ≡ Str 3319; TWOT 3028—LN 68.22–68.33 (shafel pf.) complete, finish, conclude successfully a building project (Ezr 6:15+)

שׁכב (škb): see 10444

שׁכח (škḥ): see 10708

10708 שְׁכַח (šeḵǎḥ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8894—1. LN 27.27–27.29 (hitpeel) find the location of something (Ezr 6:2+); 2. LN 27.1–27.26 (hafel) find, learn, discover information (Ezr 4:15, 19; Da 2:25; 6:12, 24+); (hitpeel) find, perceive (Da 2:35; Da 5:11, 12, 14, 27+); 3. LN 57.55–57.70 (hafel) obtain, gain, get from (Ezr 7:16+); 4. LN 56.4–56.11 (hafel) accuse, find legal basis for a charge (Da 6:5, 6+); 5. LN 56.20–56.34 be acquitted, i.e., be found innocent (Da 6:23+)

שַׁכְלִל (šǎḵ·lil): see 10354

שַׁכְלְלֵהּ (šǎḵ·lelēh): see 10354 + 10192 shafel pf. 3ms. + suff. 3ms.

שׁכן (škn): see 10445, 10709

10709 שְׁכַן (šeḵǎn): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8905 Str 7932; TWOT 3031—1. LN 85.67–85.85 (pael pf. 3ms.) cause to dwell, make reside or live in a certain place (Ezr 6:12+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.146 (peal impf. 3fp.) nest, live in a construction made by wild birds (Da 4:18[EB 21]+), note: this may merely mean “to perch on a branch,” and hence be under prior entry

שְׁכֵן (šeḵēn): see 10709

שׁלה (šlh): see 10710, 10712, 10713

10710 שְׁלֵה (šelē(h)): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 8929 Str 7954; TWOT 3032—LN 25.80–25.84 contented, at ease, implying a carefree and light-hearted attitude (Da 4:1[EB 4]+), see also 10670

10711 שָׁלֻה (šā·lǔ(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 8930—LN 13.115 thing, affair, i.e., a non-specified matter which has happened, further defined by the context (Da 3:29+) KB repoints the K to 10685 see 10685, 10690, 10712

10712 שָׁלוּ (šā·lû): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 8930—1. LN 30.39–30.52 rejection, i.e., to understand but respond inappropriately (Ezr 4:22+); 2. LN 29.13–29.15 negligence, i.e., failure to do something expected and proper, with the focus on memory and recall, implying carelessness in duty (Ezr 6:9; 6:5[EB 4]+); 3. LN 33.412–33.416 remissness אֲמַר שָׁלוּ (ʾǎmǎr šā·lû) (publicly) promote inattention (toward), implying criticism (Da 3:29 Q+) see also 10711

10713 שְׁלֵוָה (šelē·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 8932 Str 7963; TWOT 3032b—1. LN 59.48–59.61 (most versions) prosperity, with the focus on material abundance, implying an ease of life (Da 4:24[EB 27]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 25.80–25.84 contentment (REB), with the focus on the attitudes and emotions of a person tranquillity (KJV, ASV, RSV), peace of mind (NEB), peacefulness (NJB), (Da 4:24[EB 27]+)

שׁלח (šlḥ): see 10714

10714 שְׁלַח (šelǎḥ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8938 Str 7972; TWOT 3033—1. LN 15.66 (peal) send out a person, implying a particular purpose (Da 3:28; 6:23[EB 22]+); (peal pass.) be sent (Ezr 7:14; Da 5:24+); 2. LN 15.67 (peal) send a letter or message (Ezr 4:11, 14, 17, 18; 5:6, 7, 17; 6:13+); 3. LN 42.7–42.28 (peal) שְׁלַח יַד (šelǎḥ yǎḏ) do, exert, i.e., make an effectual effort (to change something), formally, stretch out the hand (Ezr 6:12+); 4. LN 33.307–33.314 (peal) summon, call for, send for (Da 3:2+)

שׁלט (šlṭ): see 10715, 10716, 10717, 10718

10715 שְׁלֵט (šelēṭ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8948 Str 7981; TWOT 3034—1. LN 37.48–37.95 (hafel pf.) make someone ruler, place another in power (Da 2:38, 48+); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 (peal) be a ruler over something (Da 2:39; 5:7, 16+); 3. LN 20.61–20.88 (peal pf. 3mp.) kill, overpower by force, obviously implying a complete subduing of the object attacked (Da 6:25[EB 24]+); 4. LN 20.12–20.30 (peal pf. 3ms.) harm, (Da 3:27+)

שִׁלְטוֹן (šil·ṭôn): see 10716

10716 שִׁלְטֹן (šil·ṭōn): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8950 Str 7984; TWOT 3034c—LN 37.48–37.95 official, ruler (ASV, NASB, KJV), authority (NJB); governor (NEB, REB), i.e., a high government administrator over a province of a kingdom, in service to the king (Da 3:2, 3+)

10717 שָׁלְטָן (šāl·ṭān): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8950 Str 7985; TWOT 3034a—1. LN 37.48–37.95 governmental dominion, mastery, i.e., the authority or power to rule (Da 3:33[EB 4:3]; 4:19[EB 22],31[EB 34]; 6:27[EB 26]; 7:6, 12, 14,26, 27b+); 2. LN 1.79–1.81 כֹּל שָׁלְטָן מַלְכוּ (kōl šāl·ṭān mǎl·ḵû) the whole realm, formally, all the dominion of my kingship, i.e., all the territory and people of the kingdom (Da 6:27a+)

10718 שַׁלִּיט (šǎl·lîṭ): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 8954 Str 7990; TWOT 3034b—1. LN 37.35–37.47 sovereign, governmental rule (Ezr 4:20; Da 4:14[EB 17],22[EB 25],29[EB 32]; 5:21; 4:23[EB 26]+); 2. LN 79.62–79.69 mighty, powerful (Da 2:10+); 3. LN 37.35–37.47 officer, ruler (Da 2:15; 5:29+); 4. LN 37.35–37.47 authorized, permitted (Ezr 7:24+)

שׁלם (šlm): see 10719, 10720

10719 שְׁלִם (šelim): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8966 Str 8000; TWOT 3035—1. LN 68.22–68.33 (peal pf. 3ms.) be finished (Ezr 5:16+); 2. LN 57.71–57.124 (hafel imv.) deliver, give to possess and use something, implying the whole or all of the items are to be given back (Ezr 7:19+); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 (hafel pf. 3ms. + 3fs. suff.) bring to an end, cease, stop a state of reigning (Da 5:26+), for another interp, see next; 4. LN 57.1–57.21 take possession, formally, settle accounts (Da 5:26+)

שְׁלֵם (šelēm): see 10719

10720 שְׁלָם (šelām): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8934, 8966 Str 8001; TWOT 3035a—1. LN 22.42–22.47 prosperity, well-being, good health (Ezr 4:17; 5:7+; Da 3:31[EB 4:1]; 6:26[EB 25]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.20–33.24 greetings, cordial greetings! (Ezr 4:17; 5:7+; Da 3:31[EB 4:1]; 6:26[EB 25]+), see 10677

10721 שֻׁם (šǔm): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 9005 Str 8036; TWOT 3036—1. LN 33.126–33.133 name, i.e., designation by which someone or something is called (Ezr 5:1, 4, 10,14; 6:12; Da 2:20, 26; 4:5[EB 8],16[EB 19]; 5:12+); 2. LN 12 the Name (NIV, NEB), i.e., a title of God, with the focus on the reputation of God (Ezr 6:12+), for another interp, see prior entry. Note: most versions do not capitalize, and infer that it is not a title in this context

שׁמד (šmd): see 10722

10722 שְׁמַד (šemǎḏ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 9012 Str 8046; TWOT 3037—LN 13.69–13.103 (hafel inf.) completely destroy, exterminate, eradicate, i.e., cause a state to cease (Da 7:26+)

10723 שְׁמַיִן (šemǎ·yin): n.masc.pl. (always with det.); ≡ DBLHebr 9028 Str 8065; TWOT 3038—1. LN 1.11 heaven, i.e., the realm of God (Ezr 5:11; Da 2:18; 5:23); 2. LN 1.5 sky, the area just above the earth where flying creatures are (Da 2:38; 4:9[EB 8]); 3. LN 12 (most versions) Heaven, a title or euphemism for the true God (Da 4:23[EB 26]+), note: the ASV, KJV, NAB, NEB do not capitalize, inferring it is not considered a title; 4. LN 1.3 שְׁמַיִן וְ־ אֲרַק (šemǎ·yin w- ʾǎrǎq) the universe, formally, the heavens and the earth (Ezr 5:11; Jer 10:11; Da 6:28[EB 27]+)

שׁמם (šmm): see 10724

10724 שְׁמַם (šemǎm): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 9037 Str 8075; TWOT 3039—1. LN 32.1–32.10 (itpoal pf. 3ms.) be greatly perplexed(NIV), be bewildered, i.e., not able to understand, with the focus on the mental confusion; appalled (NAB, NASB), confused (NJB), dumbfounded (NEB, REB), stricken dumb (ASV), astonished (KJV, NKJV), dismayed (RSV), severely distressed NRSV (Da 4:16[EB 19]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 25.251–25.269 be stiffened in fright, be in a state of horror, with the focus on fear or terror (Da 4:16[EB 19]+), note: the meaning of this v. is influenced by the pairing of the v. with בְּהַל (behǎl) in the very next phrase

שׁמע (šmʿ): see 10725

10725 שְׁמַע (šemǎʿ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 9048 Str 8086; TWOT 3040—1. LN 24.52 (peal) hear, i.e., the sense of hearing (Da 3:5, 7, 10, 15; 5:23+); 2. LN 32.1 understand, to hear and simultaneously comprehend (Da 5:14, 16; 6:15[EB 14]+); 3. LN 36.14 (hitpaal impf. pl.) obey, i.e., to hear and respond in conformity (Da 7:27+)

10726 שָׁמְרַיִן (šām·rǎ·yin): n.pr.loc.; ≡ DBLHebr 9076—LN 93-place Samaria 1. the city (Ezr 4:10+), 2. province (Ezr 4:17+)

שׁמשׁ (šmš): see 10727

10727 שְׁמַשׁ (šemǎš): v.; ≡ Str 8120; TWOT 3042—1. LN 87.76–87.86 (pael impf. 3mp.) serve, attend to, with the focus on the low status of the slave compared to the majesty of the master (Da 7:10+); 2. LN 53.1–53.15 minister unto, wait on, with the focus on reverence and worship of the true God (Da 7:10+)

10728 שְׁמַשׁ (šemǎš): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 9087 Str 8122; TWOT 3041—1. LN 1.28 sun (Da 6:15[EB 14]+); 2. LN 67.163–67.200 מֶעָל שְׁמַשׁ (mě·ʿāl šemǎš) sundown, see 10436

שְׁמֵשׁ (šemēš): see 10728

10729 שִׁמְשַׁי (šim·šǎy): n.pr.masc.—LN 93-person Shimshai (Ezr 4:8, 9, 17, 23+)

10730 שֵׁן (šēn): n.[fem.]; ≡ DBLHebr 9094 Str 8128; TWOT 3043—LN 8 (dual + suffix [vs 5, 19],) (two sets of) teeth, i.e., rows of teeth in the upper and lower jaws (Da 7:5, 7, 19+), note: see BHS at verse 5 and 19 for the K/Q spellings

שְׁנָא (šenā(ʾ)): see 10731

שׁנה (šnh): see 10731

10731 שְׁנָה (šenā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 9101—1. LN 58.36–58.46 (peal) be different, i.e., of another kind or class (Da 7:3, 19, 23, 24+); (pael ptcp. pass.) be different (Da 7:7+); 2. LN 13.48–13.68 (peal) be changed, turn into, i.e., have a state or condition be altered (Da 3:27; 5:6, 9; 6:18[EB 17]+); (pael) change, transform (Da 4:13[EB 16]); (itpaal) change (Da 2:9; 3:19; 5:10; 7:28+); 3. LN 36.12–36.30 (pael) defy, i.e., violate an order (Da 3:28); 4. LN 59.72–59.76 (hafel) change, i.e., alter a document by adding or subtracting from it (Ezr 6:11, 12; Da 6:9, 16+); 5. LN 62.3–62.9 (hafel) change, set or organize a new order (Da 2:21; 7:25+)

10732 שְׁנָה (šenā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 9102—1. LN 67.167 year, i.e., a definite unit of time involving a complete cycle of seasons; used here to give a relative time reference to an event or person (Ezr 4:24; 5:11, 13; 6:3, 15; 7:1+); 2. LN 67 בַּר שְׁנָה (bǎr šenā(h)) of the age of (Da 6:1[EB 5:31]+), see 10120

10733 שְׁנָה (šenā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 9104 Str 8139; TWOT 2778a—LN 23.66–23.77 sleep, slumber; i.e., in the alternate state of awareness, implying mental and physical rest (Da 6:19[EB 18]+)

שְׁנָה (šenā(h))[1] KB, Holladay: see 10732

שְׁנָה (šenā(h))[2] KB, Holladay: see 10733

שׁנן (šnn): see 10730

10734 שָׁעָה (šā·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8160; TWOT 3044—1. LN 67.17–67.64 (adv.,) בְּ־ ־ַהּ שָׁעָה (b- ǎ-h šā·ʿā(h)) immediately, suddenly, in the blink of an eye, i.e., a point of time immediately after a prior point of time, implying a virtually simultaneous action (Da 3:6, 15; 4:30[EB 33]; 5:5+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 67.17–67.64 as soon as, at the same moment, i.e., a point in time simultaneous with another point of time (Da 4:30[EB 33]; 5:5+); 3. LN 67.142–67.162 שָׁעָה חַד (šā·ʿā(h) ḥǎḏ) for a moment, i.e., a brief, indefinite interval of time (Da 4:16[EB 19]+)

שׁפט (špṭ): see 10735

10735 שְׁפַט (šep̄ǎṭ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 9149 Str 8200; TWOT 2045—LN 56.20–56.34 (peal ptcp. pl., as n.) judges; (most versions), magistrates; arbitrators (NEB, REB), i.e., a legal adjudicator synonymous with דַּיָּן (dǎy·yān), (Ezr 7:25+)

10736 שַׁפִּיר (šǎp·pîr): adj.; ≡ Str 8209; TWOT 3046a—LN 79.9–79.19 (most versions) beautiful, fair (ASV, RSV, KJV), lovely (NKJV, NEB), attractive in outward appearance, implying a healthy, flourishing, undiseased tree (Da 4:9[EB 12],18[EB 21]+)

שׁפל (špl): see 10737, 10738

10737 שְׁפַל (šep̄ǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 9164—1. LN 87.58–87.75 (hafel) humble, i.e., cause another’s status to be lowered in relation to the one causing the change or others (Da 4:34[EB 37]; 5:19+); 2. LN 88.51–88.58 (hafel pf. 2ms.) שְׁפַל לְבַב ־ךְ (šep̄ǎl leḇǎḇ ḵ) submit oneself, have humility, i.e., have the moral quality of lacking arrogance, formally, to humble your heart (Da 5:22+); 3. LN 39.52–39.61 subdue, conquer, implying violence and hostility (Da 7:24+)

10738 שְׁפַל (šep̄ǎl): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 9166—1. LN 87.58–87.75 שְׁפַל אֲנָשִׁים (šep̄ǎl ʾǎnā·šîm) ordinary people, i.e., ones not of noble or royal class, implying a class of persons lacking resource, formally, the lowliest of humankind (Da 4:14[EB 17]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 88.59–88.65 שְׁפַל אֲנָשִׁים (šep̄ǎl ʾǎnā·šîm) humble persons, i.e., people with the moral quality of gentleness and humility (Da 4:14[EB 17]+)

שְׁפֵל (šep̄ēl): see 10737

שׁפר (špr): see 10736, 10739, 10740

10739 שְׁפַר (šep̄ǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 9182 Str 8232; TWOT 3046—1. LN 25.85–25.98 (peal) be pleased, have pleasure, i.e., with the focus on the attitude and emotion of a situation, with a strong implication that something is acceptable and good, (Da 3:32[EB 4:2]; 4:24[EB 27]; 6:2[EB 1]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 30.86–30.107 prefer, choose one action over another, with the focus on distinguishing thought (Da 4:24[EB 27]; 6:2[EB 1]+)

10740 שְׁפַרְפָּר (šep̄ǎr·pār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8238; TWOT 3046b—LN 67.73–67.77 (with) בְּ־ (b), ־ָא (ā-(ʾ)) at the dawn, daybreak, i.e., first light of day (Da 6:20[EB 19]+)

10741 שָׁק (šāq): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 8797 Str 8243; TWOT 3047—1. LN 8.46 lower leg, shank, i.e., the part of the human body between the knee and ankle (Da 2:33+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 8 whole leg, i.e., from the hip joint to the ankle (Da 2:33+), see 10334

שְׁרָא (šerā(ʾ)): see 10742

שׁרה (šrh): see 10742

10742 שְׁרָה (šerā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 9223 Str 8271; TWOT 3048—1. LN 33.134–33.155 (peal) solve, resolve or unravel a difficult problem and speak the solution (Da 5:12, 16+), note: 5:12 see BHS note for repointing to peal; 2. LN 18.19 (peal pass.) be unbound from tied up hands (Da 3:25+); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 (peal pass.) dwell, live, abide, i.e., a figurative extension of light as a companion to reveal dark and hidden things (Da 2:22+), note: the semantic focus is on the existence of light in the same state as God is in and hence domain 13 may also be referenced; 4. LN 68.1–68.10 (pael) begin, start; with the focus on the beginning stages of an endeavor (Ezr 5:2+); 5. LN 23.142–23.184 (hitpaal) חֲרַץ שְׁרָה (ḥǎrǎṣ šerā(h)) feel faint, formally, be weak in the legs; a temporary condition caused by an utter fear response (Da 5:6+)

שׁרק (šrq): see 10446

שׁרשׁ (šrš): see 10743, 10744?

10743 שְׁרֹשׁ (šerōš): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 9247 Str 8330; TWOT 3050a—1. LN 3.47–3.59 root, the underground part of a plant, as distinct from a stump (Da 4:12[EB 15],20[EB 23],23[EB 26]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 3.47–3.59 עִקַּר שְׁרֹשׁ (ʿiq·qǎr šerōš) deepest root or possibly very deep root, i.e., the two synonyms combine for emphasis or superlative (Da 4:12[EB 15]+), see also 10567

שֹׁרֶשׁ (šō·rěš), שְׁרֵשׁ (šerēš), שְׁרַשׁ (šerǎš): see 10743

שׁרשׁו (šršw): see 10744

10744 שְׁרֹשׁוּ (šerō·šû): n.fem.—1. LN 38.1–38.13 (most versions) banishment, expulsion from the community, i.e., the state of exile as a punishment (Ezr 7:26+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 19.1–19.13 corporeal punishment (NAB), flog or hit in some manner (Ezr 7:26+), note: this interpretation may simply have the general meaning “punish” without any implication of striking or hitting, and would make the prior entry more likely in the context.

10745 שְׁרֹשִׁי (šerō·šî): n.fem.—see 10744 Q (Ezr 7:26+)

10746 שֵׁשְׁבַּצַּר (šēšeb·bǎṣ·ṣǎr): n.pr.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 9256—LN 93-person Sheshbazzar (Ezr 5:14, 16+)

10747 שֵׁת (šēṯ): n.masc. (always related to n.fem.); ≡ DBLHebr 9252 Str 8353; TWOT 3022a—1. LN 60.53 שְׁנָה שֵׁת (šenā(h) šēṯ) sixth (year), (Ezr 6:15+); 2. LN 60.15 אַמָּה שֵׁת (ʾǎm·mā(h) šēṯ) six (cubits) = nine feet (NIV), (Da 3:1+)

שׁתה (šth): see 10447, 10748

10748 שְׁתָה (šeṯā(h)): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 9272 Str 8355; TWOT 3051—1. LN 23.34–23.39 (peal) drink, i.e., consume liquids (Da 5:1, 2, 3, 4, 23+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 53.104–53.105 consume libation in worship of pagan gods, implying rude, blasphemous action against the true God, because of the vessels they drank it in (Da 5:2, 4, 23+)

10749 שִׁתִּין (šit·tîn): n.[masc.?] BDB: indecl.; ≡ DBLHebr 9262 Str 8361; TWOT 3022b—LN 60.29 sixty (Ezr 6:3; Da 3:1; 6:1[EB 5:31]+), note: 60 cubits = 90 feet (NIV), see also 10039

10750 שְׁתַר בּוֹזְנַי (šeṯǎr bô·zenǎy): n.pr.masc.—LN 93-person (most versions) Shethar-bozenai, Shethar-Bozenai (NIV, NJB), Shetharboznai (KJV), Shethar-Boznai (NKJV), (Ezr 5:3, 6; 6:6, 13+)

ת

10751 ת (t): letter of alphabet; ≡ DBLHebr 9287—not referenced to not used as a lexical unit in BA

תבר (tbr) or תּבר (tbr): see 10752

10752 תְּבַר (teḇǎr): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8689 Str 8406; TWOT 3052—1. LN 79.62–79.69 (peal ptcp. pass. fem.,) (most versions) be brittle, not have flexibility as in fired earthen pottery, so implying fragility (NKJV, NAB), (Da 2:42+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 19.34–19.42 (peal ptcp. pass. fem.) be broken in pieces, i.e., in a state of shatteredness (ASV, KJV, BDB), (Da 2:42+)

10753 תְּדִיר (teḏîr): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 1885 Str 8411; TWOT 2669d—1. LN 67.78–67.141 (as an adv. with) בְּ־ (b) continually, constantly (NASB, NAB), at all times (REB), i.e., a duration of time that is without limits (Da 6:17[EB 16],21[EB 20]+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 31.82–31.101 (as an adv. with) בְּ־ (b) faithfully (NRSV, NJB), with steadfast loyalty, i.e., the figurative extension of the prior entry (Da 6:17[EB 16],21[EB 20]+)

תְּדִירָא (teḏî·rā(ʾ)): n.fem. + det.—see 10753

תֶּהֱוֵא (tě·hěwē(ʾ)), תֶּהֱוֵה (tě·hěwē(h)): see 10201 (peal impf. 3fs.)

תוב (twb) or תּוב (twb): see 10754

10754 תּוּב (tûḇ): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 8740 Str 8421; TWOT 3053—1. LN 30.27–30.28 (peal) restore, return to a prior mental state (Da 4:31[EB 34], 33[EB 36] 2xs+); 2. LN 33.180–33.188 פִּתְגָם תּוּב (piṯ·ḡām tûḇ), (hafel) answer, reply, formally, return an accounting (Ezr 5:11; Da 3:16+); 3. LN 33.69–33.108 (hafel) speak, i.e., respond with words (Da 2:14+); 4. LN 15.88–15.92 return, i.e., place something in an original place (Ezr 6:5+); 5. LN 57.125–57.141 receive, accept, implying personal possession (Ezr 5:5+)

תוהּ (twh) or תּוהּ (twh): see 10755

10755 תְּוַהּ (tewǎh): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 9449 Str 8429; TWOT 3054—1. LN 25.251–25.269 (peal pf. 3ms.) be alarmed, be startled, i.e., an attitude or emotion implying a degree of fear (Da 3:24+), for another focus, see next; 2. LN 25.206–25.222 (peal pf. 3ms.) be amazed, be in wonder, i.e., an attitude or emotion with the focus on being in a state of awe, implying a marveling of the situation (Da 3:24+)

10756 תּוֹר (tôr): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8802 Str 8450; TWOT 3055—1. LN 4 young bull, immature bovine, beyond a calf but before full maturity (Ezr 6:9+); see 10120 last entry; 2. LN 4 bull cow, adult male bovine (Ezr 6:17; 7:17+); 3. LN 4 (most versions) ox, adult castrated male bovine (Da 4:22[EB 25],29[EB 32],30[EB 33]; 5:21+), note: cattle (NIV, NASB) may be the meaning here, with the focus on a generic domestic grazing animal, and not focused on the gender of the animal. Also note that these verses may be under the prior entry, though context favors here

10757 תְּחוֹת (teḥôṯ): prep.; ≡ DBLHebr 9393 Str 8460, 8479; TWOT 3056—1. LN 83.51 under, a position below another spatial position (Da 4:9[EB 12],11[EB 14],18[EB 21]+); 2. LN 1.43 תְּחוֹת שְׁמַיִן (teḥôṯ šemǎ·yin) the earth’s surface, formally, (from) under the heavens (Jer 10:11; Da 7:27+)

10758 תְּלַג (telǎḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 8920 Str 8517; TWOT 3057—LN 2.12 snow, i.e., a substance of a very white, bright color (Da 7:9+), note: one may translate “like white snow,” when the English Bible Versions translate, “as white as snow.”

תְּלִיתַי (telî·ṯǎy): see 10759

10759 תְּלִיתָי (telî·ṯāy): adj.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 8958 Str 8523; TWOT 3058c—LN 60.50 third, in a sequence (Da 2:39+), note: see BHS for Q fem. in concord with מַלְכוּ (mǎl·ḵû)

תלת (tlt): see 10760, 10761?

תְּלַת (telǎṯ): see 10761 (Da 5:16, 29+)

10760 תְּלָת (telāṯ): adj. [BDB: n.masc. and fem.]; ≡ DBLHebr 8993 Str 8531; TWOT 3058b—1. LN 60.12 three, a cardinal number (Ezr 6:4; Da 3:23, 24; 6:3[EB 2],11[EB 10],14[EB 13]; 7:5, 8, 20, 24+); 2. LN 60.50 עַד יוֹם תְּלָת (ʿǎḏ yôm telāṯ) (on) third (day), an ordinal number (Ezr 6:15+)

תְּלָתָא (telā·ṯā(ʾ)): see 10760

10761 תַּלְתָּא (tǎl·tā(ʾ)): a.pr. (title) [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 8957, 8958 Str 8532; TWOT 3058a—1. LN 60.63 a third part i.e., a fractional part of a kingdom (Da 5:7, 16, 29+), i.e., Daniel would rule a third of the kingdom, for other interpretations, see below; 2. LN 37.73–37.95 (as a title) Taltai, i.e., the title of a ruler, third highest over the kingdom (NIV, NRSV, NEB, REB, NAB) (Da 5:7, 16, 29+); 3. LN 37.73–37.95 one of an administrative triumvirate (NJB), (Da 5:7, 16, 29+); 4. LN 37.48–37.95 high official, i.e., a ruler in which the ety. meaning (“third”) has been lost entirely, whose exact rank is therefore unknown (Da 5:7, 16, 29+)

תְּלָתָה (telā·ṯā(h)): n.fem.—see 10760

תַּלְתִּי (tǎl·tî): see 10761 (Da 5:7+)

10762 תְּלָתִין (telā·ṯîn): adj. [BDB: n.indecl.]; ≡ DBLHebr 8993, 9001 Str 8533; TWOT 3058d—LN 60.26 thirty (Da 6:8[EB 7],13[EB 12]+)

תמהּ (tmh): see 10763

10763 תְּמַהּ (temǎh): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 9449 Str 8540; TWOT 3060—LN 33.480 portent, wonder, i.e., miracle to communicate to someone (Da 3:32[EB 4:2],33[EB 4:3]; 6:28[EB 27]+), see also 10084

10764 תַּמָּה (tǎm·mā(h)): adv.; ≡ DBLHebr 9004 Str 8536; TWOT 3059—LN 83.1–83.4 there, a reference to a spatial position relatively distant in the view of the speaker (Ezr 5:17; 6:1, 6, 12+)

תִּנְדַּע (tin·dǎʿ): see 10313 (peal impf. 2ms.)

תנה (tnh): see 10765, 10766, 10775

10765 תִּנְיָן (tin·yān): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 9108 Str 8578; TWOT 3061a—LN 60.49 second, in a series (Da 7:5+)

10766 תִּנְיָנוּת (tin·yā·nûṯ): adv.; ≡ DBLHebr 9108 Str 8579; TWOT 3061b—LN 61 once more, yet again, i.e., in the second occurrence of a sequence (Da 2:7+)

תִּפְתָּאֵי (tip̄·tā·ʾê): see 10767 n.masc.pl. + det. Q

10767 תִּפְתָּי (tip̄·tāy): n.masc. (always with det.); ≡ Str 8614; TWOT 3062—1. LN 37.48–37.95 legal official, variously translated: (most versions) magistrates; chief constable (NEB), sheriff (ASV, KJV), police officer (Holladay, KB), lawyers (NJB), (Da 3:2, 3+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 officer, official, authority (BDB, Goldingay), (Da 3:2, 3+), note: the exact nature of the officer is not known

תִּפְתָּיֵא (tip̄·tā·yē(ʾ)): see 10767 K

10768 תַּקִּיף (tǎq·qîp̄): adj.; ≡ DBLHebr 9544 Str 8624; TWOT 3065c—1. LN 79.62–79.69 strong, i.e, a metal with hardness or tensile strength (Da 2:40+); 2. LN 79.62–79.69 powerful, physically strong, implying the ability to destroy (Da 7:7+); 3. LN 76 powerful, i.e., having socio-political or military power (Ezr 4:20; Da 2:42+); 4. LN 78.1–78.27 mighty, powerful, i.e., on a high point of a scale of extent (Da 3:33[EB 4:3]+)

תקל (tql) or תּקל (tql): see 10769, 10770

10769 תְּקַל (teqǎl): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 9202—1. LN 86 (peal pass. 2ms.) be weighed, on a balance scale, in order to determine amount or value (Da 5:27+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 30.108–30.122 (peal pass. 2ms.) be judged, be evaluated according to a standard of moral or ethical behavior, i.e., the figurative extension of prior entry (Da 5:27+), note: cf., “the scales of justice.”

10770 תְּקֵל (teqēl): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 9203—LN 6.68–6.82 Tekel, i.e., a shekel of weight, usually related to a monetary value (Da 5:25, 27+) see 10428, for another interp, see next

תקן (tqn) or תּקן (tqn): see 10771

10771 תְּקַן (teqǎn): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 9419, 9545 Str 8627; TWOT 3064—LN 13.48–13.68 (hofal pf. 1cs.) be restored (NRSV, NIV, NEB), be returned (KJV, NKJV, RSV, NAB, REB, NJB), i.e., have a reestablishment of a previous state of having governmental power (Da 4:33[EB 36]+), note: the vowel pattern here is strictly hofal pf. 3fs., in concord with מַלְכוּ (mǎl·ḵû), formally, “to my kingship, she (i.e., the kingship) was restored,” but many sources repoint the v., or simply argue that this is an anomalous accenting of 1cs., “to my kingship I was restored,” see BHS and commentaries

תקף (tqp) or תּקף (tqp): see 10768, 10772, 10773, 10774

10772 תְּקִף (teqip̄): v.; ≡ DBLHebr 9548 Str 8631; TWOT 3065—1. LN 79.62–79.69 (peal) be become strong, be sturdy, i.e., have branches that are stout and hardy (Da 4:8[EB 11],17[EB 20]+); 2. LN 87.19–87.57 (peal pf. 2ms.) be powerful, i.e., have a high status or rank, implying honor by others (Da 4:19[EB 22]+); 3. LN 88.223–88.226 (peal pf. 3fs.) be hardened, stubborn, i.e., become willfully obstinate and unyielding to do right (Da 5:20+); 4. LN 76 (pael inf.,) (most versions) enforce; put into force (NAB, NEB, REB), i.e., invest an agreement with power of enforcement, implying the power to punish or impose societal sanction (Da 6:8[EB 7]+), note: make strong (ASV), make firm (KJV, NKJV)

תְּקֵף (teqēp̄): see 10772

10773 תְּקֹף (teqōp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 9549—LN 76 strength, might, i.e., force related to governmental dominion or power (Da 2:37+)

10774 תְּקָף (teqāp̄): n.[masc.]—LN 76 strength, might, i.e., force related to governmental dominion or power (Da 4:27[EB 30]+)

10775 תְּרֵין (terên): adj. [BDB n.masc. & fem.]; ≡ DBLHebr 9108, 9109—1. LN 60.11 two (Ezr 6:17; Da 4:26[EB v.29]; Da 6:2[EB v.1]+), note: found in the normal construct chain of numbers, i.e., 2 + 10 = 12; 60 + 2 = 62; 2. LN 60.49 second of a series (Ezr 4:24+)

תרע (trʿ): see 10776, 10777

10776 תְּרַע (terǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ DBLHebr 9133 Str 8651; TWOT 3066—1. LN 7.39 opening (NIV, NAB), mouth (ASV, KJV, NKJV, NJB), i.e., an entrance of a furnace, with no focus on a covering (i.e., a door) over the entrance which provides access to an area (Da 3:26+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 7.49 door, a barrier between two areas (NASB, RSV, NRSV, NEB, REB), (Da 3:26+), note: the prior context favors “opening” as the meaning; 3. LN 7.48–7.49 gate (ASV, KJV, NKJV), i.e., a barrier to keep in or out (Da 2:49+); 4. LN 11.55–11.89 (most versions) palace court, i.e., the figurative extension of “gate,” with the focus on the entourage of administrators in the service of the king and not necessarily, though possibly, a place (Da 2:49+), note: “in attendance toward” (NJB), note: possibly place under LN 7.6

10777 תָּרָע (tā·rāʿ): n.masc.; ≡ DBLHebr 8788 Str 8652; TWOT 3067—LN 53.66–53.95 gatekeeper, door-keeper, i.e., a class of servants in temple duties, employed as sentinels at the gates of the temple as well guarding temple rooms where valuables are kept (Ezr 7:24+)

10778 תַּרְתֵּין (tǎr·tên): n.fem.; ≡ DBLHebr 9580—see 10775

10779 תַּתְּנַי (tǎt·tenǎy): n.pr.masc.—LN 93-person (most versions) Tattenai; Tatnai (KJV), (Ezr 5:3, 6; 6:6, 13+)
Swanson, J. (1997). Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains: Aramaic (Old Testament) (electronic ed.). Oak Harbor: Logos Research Systems, Inc.

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