Hebrew dictionary- by ArchBishop Uwe AE.Rosenkranz

A DICTIONARY
of
BIBLICAL
LANGUAGES

HEBREW
Old Testament
James Swanson
Copyright © 1997, Logos Research Systems, Inc.

All rights reserved.

Second edition, 2001

TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS

Symbols

† Not found in BHS in this exact inflected form
+ More references in BHS
* Following a Louw-Nida number, pops up domain/sub-domain titles
2xs, 3xs, etc. The word defined occurs n times in a particular Bible verse
General Abbreviations

ANE Ancient Near East
BA Biblical Aramaic
BH Biblical Hebrew
ca. circa, about
cj. conjecture
coll. collective
comm. commentaries
EB English Bible versification
K/Q Kethibh/Qere (what is written, what is read)
K Kethibh (what is written in the text)
MS manuscript
MSS manuscripts
MT Masoretic Text
oth. others, other sources
passim here and there (scattered about)
poss. possibly
q.v. quod vide, which see
Q Qere (what is read)
sic “intentionally so written”
terr. territory
v.r. variant reading in a manuscript
w/o without
Parts of Speech and Semantic Functions

1cp first person, common, plural
1cs first person, common, singular
1p first person
2mp second person, masculine, plural
2ms second person, masculine, singular
3fp third person, feminine, plural
3fs third person, feminine, singular
3mp third person, masculine, plural
3ms third person, masculine, singular
3p third person
3pl third person, plural
a adjective
abs absolute
acc accusative (the case of the direct object)
act active
adj adjective, or adjectival
adv adverb, or adverbially
alt alternate
c conjunction
cs construct
det determinative, or determination
diff difference
ety etymology, etymological(ly)
f, fem feminine
ftn footnote
g, gent gentilic
ident identify
impf, imperf imperfect
imv imperative
indecl undeclinable
inf infinitive
inj interjection
interp interpretation
intrans intransitive
l.f., L.F., LF Lexical Form
loc locative, i.e., in a location
m masculine
mp masculine plural
ms masculine singular
n noun, or nouns
num numeric
obj objective
p pronoun
pass passive
pers personal/person
pf, perf perfect
pl plural
pr proper (i.e., not common, but very limited in scope)
prep preposition
pt particle
ptc participle
ref reference
s, sg singular
subj subjective
subst substantival
suff suffix
v verb
Bible Translations

ASV American Standard Version (1901)
BDB Brown, Driver, Briggs, Hebrew and English Lexicon
BHS Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (i.e., an edition of the Hebrew/Aramaic Bible)
CEV Contemperary English Version
KJV King James Version
LXX Septuagint
NAB New American Bible
NASB New American Standard Bible
NCV New Century Version
NEB New English Bible
NIV New International Version
NJB New Jerusalem Bible
NKJV New King James Version
NLT New Living Translation
NRSV New Revised Standard Version
REB Revised English Bible
RSV Revised Standard Version
TLB The Living Bible
VG, Vulg. Vulgate
Reference Works

Jos. Ant. Josephus’ Antiquities of the Jews
DSS Dead Sea Scrolls
Gesenius Gesenius’ Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament
GK Goodrick/Kohlenberger numbering system of the NIV Exhaustive Condordance
Holladay Holladay, A Concise Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament
KB Koehler/Baumgartner Lexicon In Veteris Testamenti Libros (1958)
KB3 The Hebrew & Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament Volume 1, The New Koehler-Baumgartner in English, E.J. Brill, revised by Baumgartner and J.J. Stamm, 1994
LN Louw-Nida Greek-English Lexicon
Lisowsky Konkordanz zum Hebräischen Alten Testament, by Gerhard Lisowsky (Concordance to the Hebrew Old Testament)
Rosenthal Rosenthal, F. A Grammar of Biblical Aramaic
Strong Strong’s Concordance and back indexes
Tanakh Tanakh, the Holy Scriptures
WBC Word Biblical Commentary
AUTHOR’S PREFACE

Why does the Hebrew analysis of domains take a Greek domain number?

ONE OBSERVES that both the Hebrew and Aramaic volumes of The Dictionary of Biblical Languages have a connecting number to The Greek-English Lexicon by Louw & Nida.
This number is not here to state, suggest, or infer that Dr. Louw has approved or edited this number as an actual connector to the languages of the Old Testament; nor did Logos Research Systems authorize a connection between these two works. This number was assigned by myself, James A. Swanson, alone. Dr. Louw has no involvement with these individual decisions. I take full responsibility for the connection to the domain structure of Louw & Nida.
First let me state the purpose of the connection to the LN domains in the negative. The purpose was not to suggest that Hebrew/Aramaic and Greek thought structures are of the same. There is no suggestion that a lexeme in the OT language mathematically equals (univocal) the Greek lexemes in meaning. There is also no suggestion that a Greek language domain structure should be imposed on a Hebrew culture domain structure. But the connections of the LN domains are not completely dissimilar (equivocal) either. There is at least an analogical connection between the domains of meaning in the Greek New Testament and Hebrew/Aramaic culture. Many of these domains could relate to nearly any culture of the world; which is why Louw & Nida was designated by its editors as a lexicon for translators.
First, the Louw Nida domain numbers (LN) for the Hebrew domains are used primarily as an organizational principle to keep track of the tens of thousands of meanings of OT lexemes. It was a matrix or “hook” upon which to hang the thousands of different meanings of the Hebrew lexemes. I felt it was appropriate to use, since it was a completely developed system by a top translator theorist and semantics expert. By my experience, I also found it very functional in regards to the general areas of experiences of a culture.
Second, I felt there is an advantage to have (so-called) neutral domains of meaning with all the Hebrew and Greek terms. Commonality of systems allows a person to find information efficiently. That is why we alphabetize so many of our reference books; so we can find common or similar information. To find all the animals and plants of both testaments is a useful thing, etc. The user must ultimately judge if there is any usefulness connecting similar areas of experience represented by the Greek and Hebrew cultures and language.
A modern linguistic domain structure has been imposed on the Greek language domain structure by Louw and Nida. It was right to do so, for there was no other place to start this kind of analysis. If one could snap their fingers and an ancient person come alive to give the Greek domain structure, that would be the better structure; and the same for the Hebrew/Aramaic endeavor. Whatever strengths or failings are in the Louw-Nida domain system will be the same as in the Swanson analysis.
As I worked through the thousands of lexemes and their meanings, I was pleased that the breadth and range of modern semantic categories fit quite well. Dr. Louw did an excellent job of creating domains and categories that fit the general areas of experience for any culture and its corresponding language. Rarely was I uncomfortable with LN categories.
Occasionally, I found minor inconsistencies in the structure of LN, but they were minor enough to make them still useful.
As stated before, I found the domains for the OT quite functional.
Do we need a different domain for the elements of the earth (domain 2); for plants and animals (domain 3–4)? Are OT words for food a completely different area of experience from Greek words for food (domain 5)? Is linear movement something different in Hebrew than Greek (domain 15)? And so I could go through each of the domains and argue that the area of experiences in the OT are not equivocally different, but rather analogically different. Refinements could be made to improve the work.
Admittedly, certain domains in the Hebrew have to be more carefully studied and debated as to their cultural mindset; domains involving the internal thinking (domains 26–32); domains of reality and mode (domains 68–73); and domains we’ll roughly call grammatical (domains 89–92).
This is a work in the Hebrew/Aramaic which has never been done. I readily acknowledge that there will be errors or misjudgments in the work. And there should be healthy debate about creating better domain categories for both future Greek and Hebrew/Aramaic semantic domain lexicons. But for now, I stand by the OT analysis as a competent first step. I have spent thousands of hours in Louw & Nida’s lexicon, and have the highest regard for it. But I could cite a hundred examples in which LN could arguably change its domain of an individual lexeme. Give this OT analysis the same grace.
Also, if a meaning within a lexeme is not well served in a domain that I assigned it, I invite your comments for further editions. This kind of inductive book is always a work in progress, and context should be the determiner of meaning, not some editor. I can be persuaded by contextual arguments.
We credit to Dr. Eugene Botha of UNISA (December 3, 1997) this observation in an electronic personal message to Jim Swanson. Modestly stated, he is familiar with the issues of semantics and meaning. We take all responsibility for any distortion, if any, concerning this view. Here is an edit of Dr. Botha’s lucid response to the question of the competency of the categories for LN and future works in other biblical material:

“It is indeed true that meaning, and the way meanings are ascribed are governed by culture and culturally conditioned perceptions of reality. The categories used by Louw and Nida are for the most part semantic domains westerners would use, and an ancient Mediterranean would probably construct semantic domains somewhat different. The problem is that we do not have ancient Mediterraneans or Jews around to do this, and very little research in this regard is available to guide us.
“I think Louw and Nida just sat down and from THEIR [emphasis Dr. Botha’s] perspective decided on domains, which is of course somewhat problematic, but not to be sneered at given the lack of any other model of this kind.… it is true that a Hebrew semantic domain dictionary should be somewhat different from a Greek one, if both are based on mother tongue speakers from the ancient world [emphasis mine]. However, we do not have enough research available on the way in which these different categories of ancients constructed their meanings, and I suspect your work will still be OK and a breakthrough in scholarship, if in introduction you addressed this problem and openly say that you choose for the Louw & Nida categories because they are general enough and comprehensive enough for a start!”

Dr. James A. Swanson
January, 1998

א

1 א (ʾ): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 Aleph not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

2 ־ָא (ā-(ʾ)): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.)—LN 92.11–92.25 her, i.e., 3fs. suffix (Jer 46:20 K), see 2023; him, i.e., 3ms. suffix (Eze 36:5), see 2024; note: this is not an article

אַב (ʾǎḇ) Holladay: see 4

3 אָב (ʾāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1; TWOT 4a—1. LN 10.14 father, i.e., the male progenitor of an offspring, or male adoptive parent (Ge 2:24); 2. LN 10.14–10.48 grandfather, i.e., the male progenitor of a child’s parent (2Sa 9:7; 16:3; 19:29[EB 28]); 3. LN 10.14–10.48 ancestor, forefather, i.e., a person many generations removed from a current generation (Ge 10:21); 4. LN 68.1–68.10 founder, originator, i.e., one who causes something to begin (Ge 4:20, 21; 1Ch 2:24, 42), note: including profession, or cities; 5. LN 35.36–35.46 caregiver, formally, father, i.e., one who cares for persons in need, as a figurative extension of a father caring for a child’s needs (Job 29:16; Isa 9:5); 6. LN 87.19–87.57 sir, formally, father, i.e., a title of respect of a lesser to a greater in authority, implying relationship and respect (2Ki 5:13); 7. LN 12.1–12.42 Father, i.e., a title of God or a false god, as the progenitor and creator of persons he has relationship with (Dt 32:6; Ps 89:27[EB 26]; Jer 2:27); 8. LN 10.1–10.13 unit: בַּיִת אָב (bǎ·yiṯ ʾāḇ) clan, formally, house of the fathers, i.e., a subgroup of a main clan/tribe division (Ex 6:14); 9. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: אָב אָב (ʾāḇ ʾāḇ) ancestor, forefather, formally, fathers of fathers, i.e., a person many generations removed from a current generation (Ex 10:6)

4 אֵב (ʾēḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3; TWOT 1a—LN 3.47–3.59 new shoot, i.e., the shoot of a plant while in a green and tender state (Job 8:12; SS 6:11+)

אֹב (ʾōḇ) Holladay: see 199, 200

אֲבִגַיִל (ʾǎḇi·ḡǎ·yil): see 28 (1Sa 25:3)

5 אֲבַגְתָא (ʾǎḇǎḡ·ṯā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abagtha: eunuch official of King Xerxes (Est 1:10+)

אבד (ʾbd) Lisowsky: see 6

6 אָבַד (ʾā·ḇǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 6; TWOT 2—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroyed, ruined, be lost, i.e., be in a state of ruin and destruction pertaining to an object, including the death of a person (Ex 10:7); (piel) destroy, annihilate, exterminate, wipe out, i.e., cause to destroy an object (Nu 33:52); (hif) destroy (Dt 7:10); 2. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) not exist, i.e., have a state no longer existing (Eze 19:5); 3. LN 28.1–28.16 (qal) be lost, i.e., be in a state of wandering, in which the whereabouts of an object is unknown, so in a state lacking knowledge about an object (1Sa 19:3); 4. LN 15.18–15.26 (qal) wandering, act. as a nomad, i.e., to go from place to place with no particular plan, as a lifestyle of some groups of people (Dt 26:5); 5. LN 57.146–57.151 (piel) squander, waste, i.e., showing a total lack of value for the object wasted (Pr 29:3), see also domain LN 65.1–65.16; 6. LN 15.160–15.164 (piel) expel, i.e., to drive one by force from an area (Eze 28:16); 7. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: (qal) אָבַד לֵב (ʾā·ḇǎḏ lēḇ) lose courage, formally, ruin of heart, i.e., be in a state of hopelessness, lacking confidence in a future situation (Jer 4:9); 8. LN 88.262–88.270 unit: (qal) אָבַד אֵת לֵב (ʾā·ḇǎḏ ʾēṯ lēḇ) internal corruption, formally, ruin the heart, i.e., engage in a behavior which is a moral deviation from what is right (Ecc 7:7)

7 אֹבֵד (ʾō·ḇēḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8; TWOT 2a—LN 20.31–20.60 ruin, destruction, i.e., a state of being destroyed utterly (Nu 24:20, 24+), note: Holladay translates “duration, forever”

8 אֲבֵדָה (ʾǎḇē·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 9; TWOT 2b—LN 28.1–28.16 lost property, what is not found, i.e., a thing which has been lost, so lacking knowledge about an object (Ex 22:8[EB 9]; Lev 5:22[EB 6:3],23[EB 6:4]; Dt 22:3+), note: see also 9, 10, 11

9 אֲבַדֹּה (ʾǎḇǎd·dō(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 10; TWOT 2b—LN 1.17–1.25 Destruction, Place of Decay, i.e., the nether world of the dead, under the earth, likely with a focus that dead bodies corrupt and decay (Pr 27:20 K+), see also 8, 11, note: for Q, see 10

10 אֲבַדּוֹ (ʾǎḇǎd·dô): n.fem.; ≡ Str 11; TWOT 2d—LN 1.17–1.25 Destruction, Place of Decay, i.e., the nether world of the dead, under the earth, likely with a focus that dead bodies corrupt and decay (Pr 27:20 Q+), note: for K, see 9

11 אֲבַדּוֹן (ʾǎḇǎd·dôn): n.fem. [BDB: n.pr.]; ≡ Str 11; TWOT 2d—1. LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, i.e., the destroying or ruining of an object so as to be unusable, hence worthless (Job 31:12+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 1.19 Destruction: (some versions) Abaddon, i.e., the place or abode of the dead, a region below the surface of the Earth (Job 26:6; 28:22; Ps 88:12[EB 11]; Pr 15:11+), see also 9, 10, note: also Pr 27:20 as a variant, see BHS ftn

12 אַבְדָן (ʾǎḇ·ḏān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 12; TWOT 2c—LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, i.e., the act. of causing ruin to another object, even to the point of killing it (Est 9:5+), see also 13

13 אָבְדָן (ʾāḇ·ḏān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 13; TWOT 2c—LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, i.e., the act. of causing ruin to another object, even to the point of killing it (Est 8:6+), see also 12

אבה (ʾbh): see 14

14 אָבָה (ʾā·ḇā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 14; TWOT 3—1. LN 25.65–25.67 (qal) be willing, consent, yield, agree to demands, i.e., be voluntarily accepting and consenting to a situation, implying obedience or submission (Job 39:9; Isa 1:19), see also domain LN 36.12–36.30; 2. LN 25.65–25.67 unit: לֹא אָבָה (lō(ʾ) ʾā·ḇā(h)) unwilling, not be voluntarily accepting and consenting to a situation, implying disobedience or nonsubmission (Ge 24:5), see also domain LN 36.12–36.30

15 אֵבֶה (ʾē·ḇě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 16; TWOT 3c—1. LN 3.13–3.32 reed plant, a kind of river or marsh plant needing much water in its environment, having the attribute of floating on water, hence good for making floating vessels (Job 9:26+), note: many sources specifically identify this reed plant as the papyrus, Cyperus papyrus; 2. LN 6.41–6.51 unit: אֳנִיָּה אֵבֶה (ʾǒniy·yā(h) ʾē·ḇě(h)) small boat, skiff, formally, reed boat, i.e., a small water vessel, apparently swift on the water, on a small body of water (Job 9:26+)

אבוגיל (ʾbwgyl) BDB: see 28 (1Sa 25:18 K)

16 אֲבוֹי (ʾǎḇôy): n.[masc.] [BDB interj]; ≡ Str 17; TWOT 3d—LN 25.270–25.287 (most versions) sorrow, i.e., a feeling or attitude of sadness over a situation (Pr 23:29+), note: NEB, “remorse,” note: for another interp, see 16.5

אֲבוֹי (ʾǎḇôy): inj. [served by 16]; ≡ Str 17; TWOT 3d—LN 25.270–25.287 (BDB, Tanakh) Oh!, Ouch!; an exclamation of pain or sorrow (Pr 23:29+), note: NAB, “shriek.”

17 אֵבוּס (ʾē·ḇûs): n.masc.; ≡ Str 18; TWOT 10a—LN 6.4–6.9 manger, feed-trough, feed-crib, i.e., a feed box for caring for domestic animals (Job 39:9; Pr 14:4; Isa 1:3+)

אָבוּס (ʾā·ḇûs): adj.; ≡ Str 18; TWOT 10a—80 (1Ki 5:3[EB 4:23]; Pr 15:17+)

18 אִבְחָה (ʾiḇ·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 19; TWOT 786b—LN 20.72 slaughter, i.e., to kill, implying violence and mercilessness (Eze 21:20[EB 15]+), note: this is considered a difficult form, and some suggest (with the LXX) to possibly read as 3186

19 אֲבַטִּיחַ (ʾǎḇǎṭ·ṭîaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 20; TWOT 234a—LN 3.33–3.46 (most versions) melon, i.e., the fruit of various gourds such as muskmelon, Cucumis melo, and watermelon, Citrullus vulgaris, or possibly others (Nu 11:5+), note: NEB, REB, Holladay, BDB specifically identify “watermelon,” but a more generic term is contextually more appropriate

אֲבַטּחִים (ʾǎḇǎṭ·ṭḥîm) Lisowsky: see 19

אֲבַטִּחִים (ʾǎḇǎṭ·ṭi·ḥîm) BDB: see 19

אָבֶה (ʾā·ḇě(h)): n.fem.—see 20 (KJV, S) (Job 34:36+), note: Strong’s relates to 14 + 1cs. suffix

אָבִי (ʾā·ḇî): see 995 hif 1cs. of בּוֹא (bô(ʾ))

20 I. אָבִי (ʾā·ḇî): inj. [BDB: v.]; ≡ Str 15; TWOT 3—LN 71.21–71.33 Oh!, Oh that!; Would that!, Let!, i.e., a particle to introduce a wish which may or may not be attainable (Job 34:36+), note: some parse as a verb of 995 or 1066

21 II. אָבִי (ʾā·ḇî): n.pr.—LN 93-pers. (male) Abi: part of a compound name Huram-Abi, see 2587

22 III. אָבִי (ʾā·ḇî): v.—see 995 (1Ki 21:29 K+) hif impf. 1cs., minus a normal aleph ending

23 אֲבִי (ʾǎḇî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 21;—LN 93-pers. (female) Abi: mother of King Hezekiah (2Ki 18:2+), also called 31(6.); also, a part of a compound name, Abiezrite, see 49

24 אֲבִיאֵל (ʾǎḇî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 22;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abiel: 1. grandfather of King Saul (1Sa 9:1; 14:51+) 2. one of the Thirty (1Ch 11:32+), see also 50

25 אֲבִיאָסָף (ʾǎḇî·ʾā·sāp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 23;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abiasaph: of Korah (Ex 6:24+), see also 47, 666

26 אָבִיב (ʾā·ḇîḇ): n.masc. [see also 26.5, 26.6]; ≡ Str 24; TWOT 1b—LN 3.33–3.46 head of cereal grain, ear of new grain, i.e., a ripe head of grain from any cereal plant, not yet fully dried or shriveled in its head, and so still soft (Ex 9:31; Lev 2:14+), note: in one context it refers to barley grain

אָבִיב (ʾā·ḇîḇ): n.pr. [served by 26]; ≡ Str 24; TWOT 1b—LN 67.163–67.200 (month of calendar) Abib: the 1st month of the Canaanite calendar, equal to Nisan, now known as March-April (Ex 13:4; 23:15; 34:18; Dt 16:1+)

אָבִיב (ʾā·ḇîḇ): n.pr. [served by 26]; ≡ Str 24; TWOT 1b—LN 93-place (loc.) Abib: part of a compound name, Tel Abib, (Eze 3:15+), see 9425

27 אֲבִיבַעַל (ʾǎḇî·ḇǎ·ʿǎl): n.pr.—LN 93-pers. (male) Abi-Baal: one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:31+), note: some sources 2Sa 23:31 cj for 50; note: the NAB, NJB have apparently used this cj

28 אֲבִיגַיִל (ʾǎḇî·ḡǎ·yil): n.pr.; ≡ Str 26;—LN 93-pers. (female) Abigail: 1. former wife of Nabal (1Sa 25:3–42 passim; 27:3; 30:5; 2Sa 2:2; 3:3; 1Ch 3:1+) 2. One of David’s sisters or half sisters (2Sa 17:25; 1Ch 2:16, 17+)

29 אֲבִידָן (ʾǎḇî·ḏān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 27;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abidan: of Benjamin (Nu 1:11; 2:22; 7:60, 65; 10:24+)

30 אֲבִידָע (ʾǎḇî·ḏāʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 28;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abida: grandson of Abraham-Keturah (Ge 25:4; 1Ch 1:33+)

31 אֲבִיָּה (ʾǎḇiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 29;—LN 93-pers. (male/female) Abijah: 1. son of Beker (1Ch 7:8) 2. a judge in Beersheba (1Sa 8:2) 3. son of Jeroboam I (1Ki 14:1), see also 32 4. of Aaron (1Ch 24:10) 5. son of King Rehoboam (1Ch 3:10), see also 41 6. mother of King Hezekiah (2Ch 29:1), cf. also 23 7. signers of the community document (Ne 10:8[EB 7]) 8. a priest who returned with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:4) 9. wife of Hezron (1Ch 2:24)

32 אֲבִיָּהוּ (ʾǎḇiy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 29;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abijahu (Abijah NIV): king (2Ch 13:20, 21+), see also 31(3.)

33 אֲבִיהוּא (ʾǎḇî·hû(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 30;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abihu: son of Aaron Ex 6:23; Lev 10:1; Nu 3:2; 1Ch 5:29[EB 6:3]

34 אֲבִיהוּד (ʾǎḇî·hûḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 31;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abihud: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:3+)

35 אֲבִיהַיִל (ʾǎḇî·hǎ·yil): n.pr.; ≡ Str 32;—LN 93-pers. (female) Abihail: 1. The wife of Abishur (1Ch 2:29+) 2. mother-in-law of King Rehoboam (2Ch 11:18+)

אֲבִי הָעֶזְרִי (ʾǎḇî hā·ʿěz·rî) BDB: see 49

36 אֶבְיוֹן (ʾěḇ·yôn): adj.; ≡ Str 34; TWOT 3a—LN 57.49–57.54 poor, needy, i.e., pertaining to persons in want (usually physical needs), who must live sparingly, and so also a class of low-status and little political power (Ex 23:6)

37 אֲבִיוֹנָה (ʾǎḇî·wō·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 35; TWOT 3b—1. LN 3.33–3.46 caper-bud, i.e., the fruit of the caper-berry plant, a low prickly shrub, which was possibly believed to stimulate sexual desire Capparis spinosa (Ecc 12:5+); 2. LN 23.61–23.65 unit: פָּרַר אֲבִיוֹנָה (pā·rǎr ʾǎḇî·wō·nā(h)) loss of virility, become impotent, formally, thwarting of the caperberry, i.e., to no longer have sexual desire or potency as an extension of the caper-bud, no longer able to do a job of sexual stimulation (Ecc 12:5+)

38 אֲבִיחַיִל (ʾǎḇî·ḥǎ·yil): n.pr.; ≡ Str 32;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abihail: 1. of Merari (Nu 3:35+) 2. of Gad (1Ch 5:14+) 3. father of Esther (Est 2:15; 9:29+)

39 אֲבִיטוּב (ʾǎḇî·ṭûḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 36;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abitub: son of Shaharaim (1Ch 8:11+)

40 אֲבִיטָל (ʾǎḇî·ṭāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 37;—LN 93-pers. (female) Abital: wife of David (2Sa 3:4; 1Ch 3:3+)

41 אֲבִיָּם (ʾǎḇiy·yām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 38;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abijam: son of Rehoboam, king of Judah (1Ki 14:31; 15:1, 7,8+), see also 31(5.)

42 אֲבִימָאֵל (ʾǎḇî·mā·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 39;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abimael: of Joktan (Ge 10:28; 1Ch 1:22+)

43 אֲבִימֶלֶךְ (ʾǎḇî·mě·lěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 40;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abimelech: 1. a royal title or king of Gerar (Ge 20:2) 2. of Gideon (Jdg 9:1) 3. of Abiathar, a priest (1Ch 18:16), note: for NIV text, see 316(3.) 4. Achish, king of Gath (Ps 34:1[EB title]+), see 429

44 אֲבִינָדָב (ʾǎḇî·nā·ḏāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 41;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abinadab: 1. of Kiriath Jearim, entrusted with the Ark of the Covenant (1Sa 7:1; 2Sa 6:3,4; 1Ch 13:7+) 2. The second oldest of Jesse (1Sa 16:8; 17:13; 1Ch 2:13+), note: 1Ch 2:13, see BHS ftn for other suggested name 3. son of Saul (1Sa 31:2; 1Ch 8:33; 9:39; 10:2+); also part of a compound name, Ben-Abinadab, see 1203

45 אֲבִינֹעַם (ʾǎḇî·nō·ʿǎm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 42;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abinoam: father of Barak (Jdg 4:6, 12; 5:1, 12+)

46 אֲבִינֵר (ʾǎḇî·nēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 74;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abner: commander of Saul’s army (1Sa 14:50+), see also 79

47 אֶבְיָסָף (ʾěḇ·yā·sāp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 43;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ebiasaph: of Korah (1Ch 6:8[EB 23], 22[EB 37]; 9:19+), see also 25

48 אֲבִיעֶזֶר (ʾǎḇî·ʿě·zěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 44;—LN 93-pers. Abiezer: (gent.) 1. the clan of Abiezer (Jos 17:2; Jdg 6:34; 8:2+), note: Jdg 6:11, 24; 8:32 see 49 2. (male) of David’s mighty men (2Sa 23:27; 1Ch 11:28; 27:12+) 3. (male) of Manasseh (1Ch 7:18+), see also 404

49 אֲבִי עֶזְרִי (ʾǎḇî ʿěz·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 33;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Abiezrite: pertaining to Abiezer (Jdg 6:11, 24; 8:32+), see also 48

50 אֲבִי־עַלְבוֹן (ʾǎḇî-·ʿǎl·ḇôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 45;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abi-Albon, one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:31+), see also 24; note: some relate to 27

51 אָבִיר (ʾā·ḇîr): n.pr. [BDB adj.]; ≡ Str 46; TWOT 13c—LN 12.1–12.42 (pers.) the Mighty One, the Strong One, or the Powerful One, i.e., a title of the true God, with a focus on the strength and ability of God (Ge 49:24; Ps 132:2, 5; Isa 1:24; 49:26; 60:16+)

52 אַבִּיר (ʾǎb·bîr): n.masc. [adj.]; ≡ Str 47; TWOT 13d—1. LN 4.29 stallion, i.e., a male horse which is vigorous, strong, and aggressive (Jdg 5:22; Jer 8:16; 47:3; 50:11 Q+); 2. LN 4.16 bull, i.e., a male bovine, with the associative meaning of strength or power (Ps 22:13[EB 12]; 50:13; 68:31[EB 30]; Isa 34:7+); 3. LN 74 mighty ones, i.e., a strong person, capable of defending or attacking, but not necessarily a soldier (Job 24:22; 34:20; Ps 76:6[EB 5]; Isa 10:13+); 4. LN 55.14–55.22 warriors, fighting soldiers, i.e., capable male fighting unit in an army (Jer 46:15; La 1:15+); 5. LN 12.28 angel, i.e., a supernatural being which is a servant of the LORD, with a focus that this is a powerful creature (Ps 78:25+); 6. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: לֵב אַבִּיר (lēḇ ʾǎb·bîr) stubborn-hearted one, obstinate one, stubborn, formally, strong of heart, i.e., one who refuses to change attitude or action (Isa 46:12+), note: in context, this is a refusal to change to a right behavior or attitude; 7. LN 44 unit: אַבִּיר הַ־ רָעָה (ʾǎb·bîr hǎ- rā·ʿā(h))1 chief of shepherds, i.e., one who is in charge of other shepherds (1Sa 21:8[EB 7]+)

53 אֲבִירָם (ʾǎḇî·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 48;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abiram: 1. of Reuben, son of Eliab (Nu 16:1–27 passim; 26:9; Dt 11:6; Ps 106:17+) 2. son of Hiel (1Ki 16:34+)

54 אֲבִישַׁג (ʾǎḇî·šǎḡ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 49;—LN 93-pers. (female) Abishag: royal nurse from Shunem (1Ki 1:3, 15; 2:17, 21, 22+)

55 אֲבִישׁוּעַ (ʾǎḇî·šûaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 50;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abishua: 1. of Benjamin, son of Bela (2.) (1Ch 8:4+) 2. son of Phinehas (1Ch 5:30[EB 6:4], 31[EB 6:5], 35[EB 50]; Ezr 7:5+)

56 אֲבִישׁוּר (ʾǎḇî·šûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 51;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abishur: son of Shammai (1Ch 2:28, 29+)

57 אֲבִישַׁי (ʾǎḇî·šǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 52;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abishai: son of Zeruiah (1Sa 26:6; 2Sa 2:18), see also 93

58 אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (ʾǎḇî·šā·lôm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 53;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abishalom: same as Absalom (1Ki 15:2, 10+), see also 94

59 אֶבְיָתָר (ʾěḇ·yā·ṯār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 54;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abiathar: priest (1Sa 22:20)

אבךְ (ʾbk) or אבך (ʾbk): see 60

60 אָבַךְ (ʾā·ḇǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 55; TWOT 5—LN 15.101–15.106 (hitp impf.) roll upward, whirl up, i.e., ascending of hot air and fine carbon particles from a fire (Isa 9:17[EB 18]+)

I. אבל (ʾbl): see 61

61 I. אָבַל (ʾā·ḇǎl): v.; ≡ Str 56; TWOT 6—LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) mourn, i.e., an emotional reaction of sorrow to a sad situation (Job 14:22; Isa 3:26; 19:8; 33:9; Jer 4:28; 14:2; Hos 4:3; 10:5; Joel 1:9; Am 8:8; 9:5+); (hif) (La 2:8; Eze 31:15+), note: some translate Eze 31:15 as “to close with a cover”; (hitp) mourn, lament, grieve (Ge 37:34; Ex 33:4; Nu 14:39; 1Sa 6:19; 15:35; 16:1; 2Sa 13:37; 14:2; 19:2[EB 1]; 1Ch 7:22; 2Ch 35:24; Ezr 10:6; Ne 1:4; 8:9; Isa 66:10; Eze 7:12, 27; Da 10:2+), note: often the sad situation is the death of a precious one, and is the ritual part of the burial process, see also domain LN 52; see also 62

62 II. אָבַל (ʾā·ḇǎl): v.; ≡ Str 56; TWOT 6—LN 79.78–79.83 (qal) dry up, lie parched, i.e., be in a state where there is a lack of moisture in an area, either as a drought or as a normal state of waterlessness (Isa 24:4, 7; Jer 12:4, 11; 23:10; Joel 1:10; Am 1:2+), note: some parse and translate as 61; note: as a weather state of a drought, see also domain LN 14.10–14.14

63 I. אָבֵל (ʾā·ḇēl): adj. [see also 63.5]; ≡ Str 57, 59; TWOT 6b—LN 25.135–25.145 as mourning, in grieving, weeping, i.e., pertaining to being in grief, often with certain ritual actions to signal the mourning (Ge 37:35; Est 6:12; La 1:4+), see also domain LN 52

אָבֵל (ʾā·ḇēl): n.masc. [served by 63]; ≡ Str 57, 59;—LN 25.135–25.145 mourner, griever, i.e., one observing mourning rites, or in a state of sorrow and grief (Job 29:25; Ps 35:14; Isa 57:19; 61:2, 3+), see also 63; see also domain LN 52

64 II. אָבֵל (ʾā·ḇēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 58, 59; TWOT 7a—LN 93-place (loc.) Abel: fortified town near Dan on the border with Lebanon, (2Sa 20:18+), see also 68, note: for MT text in 1Sa 6:18, see 74; also, a part of a compound name, Abel …, see 68–73; note: Holladay translates “brook, watercourse”

65 אֵבֶל (ʾē·ḇěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 60; TWOT 6a—LN 52 mourning ceremony, i.e., distinctive rituals for burying the dead, including elements of clothing, music, appearance, definite time periods, and other behaviors unique to a period of mourning for the dead (Ge 27:41; 50:10, 11; Dt 34:8; 2Sa 11:27; 14:2; 19:3[EB 2]; Est 4:3; 9:22; Job 30:31; Ecc 7:2, 4; Isa 60:20; 61:3; Jer 6:26; 16:7; 31:13; La 5:15; Eze 24:17; Am 5:16; 8:10; Mic 1:8+), see also domain LN 25.135–25.145

66 אֲבָל (ʾǎḇāl): adv.; ≡ Str 61; TWOT 8—1. LN 91.6–91.12 surely, indeed, verily, truly, i.e., a marker of emphasis with an affirming or asseverative force (Ge 42:21; 2Sa 14:5; 1Ki 1:43; 2Ki 4:14+); 2. LN 89.124–89.138 but, however, yet, i.e., a marker of contrast, usually with a strong adversative force (Ge 17:19; 2Ch 1:4; 19:3; 33:17; Ezr 10:13; Da 10:7, 21+)

67 אֻבָל (ʾǔ·ḇāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 180; TWOT 835g—1. LN 1.69–1.78 (NIV, REB, NASB) canal, watercourse, i.e., a gated body of water (Da 8:2, 3, 6+), see also domain LN 7.57–7.58; note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 1.69–1.78 (most versions) stream, river, i.e., a body of water not a canal (Da 8:2, 3, 6+); 3. LN 7.48 (NJB, WBC) gate, i.e., the opening to a city area (Da 8:2, 3, 6+), note: Ulai would then be the name of a city

68 אָבֵל בֵּית מַעֲכָה (ʾā·ḇēl bêṯ mǎ·ʿǎḵā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 62;—LN 93-place (loc.) Abel Beth Maacah: fortified town near Dan on the border with Lebanon, (2Sa 20:14, 15; 1Ki 15:20, 29+) note: in 2Sa 20:18+, see also 64; note: in 2Ch 16:4, see also 72

69 אָבֵל הַשִּׁטִּים (ʾā·ḇēl hǎš·šiṭ·ṭîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 63;—LN 93-place (loc.) Abel Shittim: campsite of Israel in Moab, E of the Jordan, (Nu 33:49+), see also 8850

70 אָבֵל כְּרָמִים (ʾā·ḇēl kerā·mîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 64;—LN 93-place (loc.) Abel Keramim, i.e., a place in Ammon, not far from modern Amman in Jordan (Jdg 11:33+)

71 אָבֵל מְחוֹלָה (ʾā·ḇēl meḥô·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 65;—LN 93-place (loc.) Abel Meholah: town on the boundary of King Solomon’s fifth district in the Jordan Valley, (Jdg 7:22; 1Ki 4:12; 19:16+), note: possibly related to 4716

72 אָבֵל מַיִם (ʾā·ḇēl mǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 66;—LN 93-place (loc.) Abel Maim (2Ch 16:4+), see also 68

אֵבֶל מִצְרַיִם (ʾē·ḇěl miṣ·rǎ·yim) BDB: see 73

73 אָבֵל מִצְרַיִם (ʾā·ḇēl miṣ·rǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 67;—LN 93-place (loc.) Abel Mizraim, a meadow E of the Jordan River (Ge 50:11+)

74 אֶבֶן (ʾě·ḇěn): n.fem. [see also 74.5]; ≡ Str 68; TWOT 9—1. LN 2.14–2.28 stone, i.e., a piece of rock, whether shaped or natural, precious or common, usually dense and hard (1Sa 17:40), note: this can refer to a stone of any size from a large rock mass to a pebble, though in many contexts the piece of rock can be handled or moved; note: for MT text in 1Sa 6:18, see 64; note: for 1Sa 20:19 cj, see 757; 1Ki 1:9, see 2325; 2. LN 2.14–2.28 stone, i.e., stone as a substance in contrast to other materials (Ge 11:3; Dt 4:28); 3. LN 6.26–6.28 stone, i.e., an instrument used for execution when thrown at a person in anger or justice (2Ch 10:18); 4. LN 6.29–6.40 slingstone, i.e., a stone slightly smaller than a fist, hurled at an enemy as a weapon (2Ch 26:14); 5. LN 6.96–6.101 stone idol, i.e., a piece of rock, fashioned or not, worshiped as an idol (Jer 3:9); 6. LN 2.29–2.48 gem, jewel, i.e., a precious stone (Ex 25:7b; Zec 9:16; Eze 28:14, 16); 7. LN 7.77–7.79 building stone, i.e., a piece of rock as a building material (Lev 14:43); 8. LN 2.14–2.28 ore, i.e., unprocessed earth and rocks which contain precious metal (Job 28:2, 3); 9. LN 6.213–6.214 exact weights, i.e., a stone used as the counter-balance on a scale, as a unit of weight which is the standard (Lev 19:36; Dt 25:13,15; 2Sa 14:26; Pr 16:11; 20:10,23; Mic 6:11); 10. LN 2.7–2.13 hailstone, (Jos 10:11); 11. LN 6.213–6.214 plumb line, plummet, i.e., a ball of tin or lead for weighing down a plumb line, for making straight and vertically true walls, which includes the line that holds the plummet (Isa 34:11; Zec 4:10); 12. LN 6.118–6.151 cover, lid, formally, stone, i.e., an object which is placed over a container, usually to protect the contents or to keep the contents in the container (Zec 5:8+); 13. LN 12.1–12.42 Rock, i.e., a title of God (Ge 49:24); 14. LN 2.14–2.28 unit: אֶבֶן שָׁלֵם (ʾě·ḇěn šā·lēm)2 fieldstones, i.e., uncut stones which are whole and not shaved or chipped (Dt 27:6; Jos 8:31; Pr 11:1); 15. LN 45 unit: חָרָשׁ אֶבֶן קִיר (ḥā·rāš ʾě·ḇěn qîr)1 stonemason, formally, craftsman of stone wall (2Sa 5:11+); 16. LN 2.13 unit: אֶבֶן הַ־ בָּרָד (ʾě·ḇěn hǎ- bā·rāḏ) hailstones (Jos 10:11+); 17. LN 2.7–2.13 unit: אֶבֶן אֶלְגָּבִישׁ (ʾě·ḇěn ʾěl·gā·ḇîš) hail, ice-crystals, formally, stones of ice, i.e., naturally occurring event of weather, with the associative meaning of destructive storms, cf. also 1486 (Eze 13:11, 13; 38:22+); 18. LN 6.96–6.101 unit: אֶבֶן חֵן (ʾě·ḇěn ḥēn)1 charm, lucky stone, formally, stone of grace, i.e., an artifact whose possession brings favorable circumstance (Pr 17:8), note: some translate as “lovely gem.”

אֶבֶן בֹּהַן (ʾě·ḇěn bō·hǎn): n.pr. [served by LN 74]; ≡ Str 68; TWOT 9—LN 93-place (loc.) Stone of Bohan: a definite place on the border of Reuben, with a marker stone, currently unknown (Jos 15:6; 18:17+), see also 992

אֹבֶן (ʾō·ḇěn) Lisowsky, BDB: n.[masc.]—see 78

75 אֶבֶן הָעֵזֶר (ʾě·ḇěn hā·ʿē·zěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 72;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ebenezer: 1. town near Aphek (1Sa 4:1; 5:1+); 2. a memorial place (1Sa 7:12+)

אבנה (ʾbnh) BDB: see 76

76 אֲבָנָה (ʾǎḇā·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 71;—LN 93-place (River) Abana (2Ki 5:12 K+), note: for Q, see 592, see also BHS ftn

77 אַבְנֵט (ʾǎḇ·nēṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 73; TWOT 256a—LN 6.178 sash, fine linen girdle worn around waist (Ex 28:4, 39, 40; 29:9; 39:29; Lev 8:7, 13; 16:4; Isa 22:21+), note: in context always a part of the adornment of priestly garments, see also domain LN 6.188–6.196

78 אָבְנַיִם (ʾāḇ·nǎ·yim): n.[masc.] dual; ≡ Str 70; TWOT 9a—1. LN 6.215–6.225 pair of potter’s wheels, i.e., an upperstone, flat on top, which holds the clay, and a pivot bulge on the bottom which inserts into the lower stone, thus making the ability to turn the top stone with the feet more easily and relatively quickly, and so form the pot as it turns (Jer 18:3+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 (WBC, NJB) pair of testicles, formally, stone, i.e., a part of the infant male sex organ, to identify the gender (Ex 1:16+); 3. LN 6.106–6.117 (most versions) delivery stool, bearing-stool, midwife’s stool, i.e., a piece of furniture formed to make natural childbirth easier, using gravity (Ex 1:16+), note: for another interp, see next; 4. LN 6.215–6.225 stones, i.e., the support stones that a stool sits upon (Ex 1:16+); 5. LN 8.9–8.69 female pudenda, i.e., the visible external sexual organs of a female (Ex 1:16+), note: context and the dual form are best explained as “testicles”

79 אַבְנֵר (ʾǎḇ·nēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 74;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abner: commander of Saul’s army (1Sa 14:51; 2Sa 2:8; 1Ki 2:5; 1Ch 26:28; 27:21), see also 46

אבס (ʾbs): see 80

80 אָבַס (ʾā·ḇǎs): v.; ≡ Str 75; TWOT 10—LN 44 (qal pass. ptcp.) fattened, well fed, i.e., pertaining to animals well fed for slaughter and feasting (1Ki 5:3[EB 4:23]; Pr 15:17+), note: this lexical form might be parsed as 17.5

81 אֲבַעְבֻּעֹת (ʾǎḇǎʿ·bǔ·ʿōṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 76; TWOT 217a—LN 23.142–23.184 festers, blisters, boils, i.e., skin ulcers that are pustule sores (Ex 9:9, 10+)

אָבֶץ (ʾā·ḇěṣ) Holladay: see 82

82 אֶבֶץ (ʾě·ḇěṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 77;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ebez: town in Issachar (Jos 19:20+)

83 אִבְצָן (ʾiḇ·ṣān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 78;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ibzan: delivering judge (Jdg 12:8, 10+)

אבק (ʾbq)[1] KB, Lisowsky: see 86

אבק (ʾbq)[2] KB, Lisowsky: see 84

84 אָבַק (ʾā·ḇǎq): v.; ≡ Str 79; TWOT 12—LN 50 (nif) wrestle, struggle, i.e., have a physical engagement (by grabbing and holding) with an opponent, possibly hostile, which is characterized by physical contact, and gaining advantage through leverage holds and moves, and so control the opponent by manipulations as contrasted with striking and hitting as in boxing (Ge 32:25[EB 24],26[EB 25]+)

85 אָבָק (ʾā·ḇāq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 80; TWOT 11a—1. LN 14.73 soot, fine dust, i.e., a soot-like substance from a furnace, a product of burning (Ex 9:9+); 2. LN 2.15 fine dust, i.e., a kind of earth (Dt 28:24; Isa 5:24; 29:5; Eze 26:10; Na 1:3+), note: dust can have different associative meanings

אַבְקָה (ʾǎḇ·qā(h)) BDB: n.fem.—see 86

86 אֲבָקָה (ʾǎḇā·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 81; TWOT 11b—LN 6.205–6.212 powdered spice, i.e., aromatic, scented powders made from any of various roots, plant leaves, bark, etc. (SS 3:6+)

אבר (ʾbr): see 87

87 אָבַר (ʾā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 82; TWOT 13b—LN 15.245 (hif impf.) take flight, soar upward, i.e., make a linear flying motion which is ascending, possibly with a focus on the flapping of the wings as contrasted with a fixed wing “soaring” (Job 39:26+)

88 אֵבֶר (ʾē·ḇěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 83; TWOT 13a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 wing, i.e., pinion, a specific wing-body part of a bird, the strong joint area attached to the body, with the associative meaning of freedom and or strength (Ps 55:7[EB 6]; Isa 40:31+), see also 89; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 feather, i.e., the epidermal body part of a bird that covers it (Eze 17:3+)

89 אֶבְרָה (ʾěḇ·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 84; TWOT 13a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 pinion, a wing-body part of a bird, assumedly toward the joint to the bird’s body (Dt 32:11; Job 39:13+), see also 88; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 feather, i.e., the epidermal body part of a bird that covers it, in some contexts it may have the associative meaning of protection (Ps 68:14[EB 13]; Ps 91:4+)

90 אַבְרָהָם (ʾǎḇ·rā·hām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 85; TWOT 4b—LN 93-pers. (male) Abraham: son of Terah (Ge 17:5), see also 92

91 אַבְרֵךְ (ʾǎḇ·rēḵ): inj. [oth n.masc. or possibly hif inf.]; ≡ Str 86; TWOT 14—LN 33.354–33.364 Bow Down!, Make way!, i.e., a public acclamation of high status, used as a command or interjection (Ge 41:43+), note: apparently an Egyptian word which is a Semitic loan word, so related to 1384, 1386

92 אַבְרָם (ʾǎḇ·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 87;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abram: son of Terah (Ge 11:26; 12:1; 15:1; 17:1; 1Ch 1:27; Ne 9:7), see also 90

93 אַבְשַׁי (ʾǎḇ·šǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 52;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abishai: son of Zeruiah (2Sa 10:10; 1Ch 2:16; 11:20; 18:12; 19:11, 15+), see also 57

94 אַבְשָׁלוֹם (ʾǎḇ·šā·lôm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 53;—LN 93-pers. (male) Absalom: beloved son of David (2Sa 3:3; 19:1; 1Ki 1:6; 1Ch 3:2; 2Ch 11:20; Ps 3:1[EB title]), see also 58

אַבְשָׁלֹם (ʾǎḇ·šā·lōm) BDB: n.pr.—see 94

95 אֹבֹת (ʾō·ḇōṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 88;—LN 93-place (loc.) Oboth: stopping place in Moab (Nu 21:10, 11; 33:43, 44+)

96 אָגֵא (ʾā·ḡē(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 89;—LN 93-pers. (male) Agee: great warrior for King David (2Sa 23:11+)

97 אֲגַג (ʾǎḡǎḡ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 90;—LN 93-pers. (male) Agag: 1. of Balaam’s oracle (Nu 24:7+) 2. an Amalekite king (1Sa 15:8, 9, 20, 32,33+) possibly cf. also 98

אֲגָג (ʾǎḡāḡ) Holladay, BDB: n.pr.—see 97 (1Sa 15:9, 32, 33+)

98 אֲגָגִי (ʾǎḡā·ḡî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 91;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Agagite: pertaining to Haman (Est 3:1, 10; 8:3, 5; 9:24+), possibly cf. also 97

99 אֲגֻדָּה (ʾǎḡǔd·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 92; TWOT 15a—1. LN 18.12–18.23 bunch, bundle, i.e., collection of stems and leaves bound together (Ex 12:22+), note: in context used as a ceremonial sprinkling brush; 2. LN 55.7–55.13 fighting group, band, i.e., a military troop with apparently minimum organization (2Sa 2:25+); 3. LN 6.14–6.22 cord, band, i.e., that which is used in binding or fastening, either as a leather band or as a woven cord of plant fibers (Isa 58:6+), note: in context, harness cords of a yoke, see also domain LN 6.4–6.9; 4. LN 7.26–7.53 foundation, base structure, i.e., that which is the very bottom of a structure upon which the walls and ceiling of a building are built (Am 9:6+), note: in context this “foundation,” may refer to the firmament or vault of the sky as the space of air above the earth, considered solid in some ancient cosmologies

100 אֱגוֹז (ʾěḡôz): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 93; TWOT 16—LN 3.2–3.12 (coll.) walnut-tree, i.e., a tree of the common Persian walnut tree having round, sticky fruit, with an edible nut in the center of the fruit, which grow about thirty feet high; of the genus Juglans (SS 6:11+), note: (most versions) nut trees; some specifically identify as the species Juglans regia

101 אָגוּר (ʾā·ḡûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 94;—LN 93-pers. (male) Agur: son of Jakeh, a sage (Pr 30:1+)

102 אֲגוֹרָה (ʾǎḡô·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 95; TWOT 23a—LN 6.68–6.82 monetary unit, i.e., a piece of precious metal used in monetary exchange as a fee or payment for service (1Sa 2:36+), note: this does not refer to a minted or stamped “coin.”

103 אֵגֶל (ʾē·ḡěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 96; TWOT 17a—LN 2.7–2.13 drop, i.e., a very small unit of liquid that falls in one spherical mass (Job 38:28+), note: context is best served by “drops,” and not “collection, stores, reserve-supply” as BDB suggests

104 אֶגְלַיִם (ʾěḡ·lǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 97;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eglaim: border town of Moab (Isa 15:8+)

אגם (ʾgm) Holladay, Lisowsky: see 105

105 אָגַם (ʾā·ḡǎm): v.—LN 79.70–79.77 (qal ptcp. masc.sing.) hot, glowing, i.e., pertaining to being physically of a high degree of heat (Job 41:12[EB 20] cj+), note: for MT text, see 109

106 I. אֲגַם (ʾǎḡǎm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 98; TWOT 18a—1. LN 1.69–1.78 pool, pond, lake, lagoon, i.e., a body of water generally still or very slow moving, that is characterized by marsh plants and reeds growing around it (Ex 7:19; 8:1[EB 5]; Ps 107:35; 114:8; Isa 35:7; 41:18; 42:15+); 2. LN 1.69–1.78 swampland, i.e., a tract of soft, wet, water-logged land, often with wetland or lowland plants, and generally not inhabitable (Isa 14:23+), see also domain LN 1.51–1.59; 3. LN 3.13–3.32 (NIV, most versions) marsh reed, i.e., a water plant which grows in marshes, swamps, riverbanks, and backwater areas (Jer 51:32+), note: for another interp, see also 107

107 II. אֲגַם (ʾǎḡǎm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 98; TWOT 18a—LN 7.2–7.25 (Holladay) outwork, i.e., a minor defensive structure as a position outside of a main fort or defensive area (Jer 51:32+), note: NJB, “bastion;” RSV, “bulwark;” NAB, “fortress;” NEB, REB, “guard-towers;” for another interp, see 106

108 אָגֵם (ʾā·ḡēm): adj.; ≡ Str 99; TWOT 18b—LN 25.223–25.250 grieved, sad, distressed, i.e., pertaining to being in a state of worry and anxiety, with a loss of hope (Isa 19:10+)

109 אַגְמוֹן (ʾǎḡ·môn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 100; TWOT 19—1. LN 3.47–3.59 reed stalk, i.e., the part of the reed plant from just above the root to the tip (Job 41:12[EB 20]; Isa 9:13[EB 14]; 19:15; 58:5+), note: in some contexts it refers to this plant of relatively little value (and so is insignificant), and has a focus that the reed stalk is pliable and bendable (easily subjugated), note: for Job 41:12[EB 20] cj, see 105; 2. LN 6.14–6.22 reed cord, i.e., a woven band of pliable, reed-plant material used to bind or fasten an object (Job 40:26[EB 2]+), note: other sources translate “reed.”

אַגְמֹן (ʾǎḡ·mōn) BDB: see 109

110 אַגָּן (ʾǎg·gān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 101; TWOT 20a—1. LN 6.118–6.151 bowl, basin, i.e., a container to hold liquid (Ex 24:6; Isa 22:24+); 2. LN 6.118–6.151 goblet, i.e., a curved drinking bowl or drinking cup as a container to hold, of course, liquid (SS 7:3[EB 2]+)

111 אֲגַף (ʾǎḡǎp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 102; TWOT 21a—LN 55.7–55.13 (pl.) troops, i.e., an army or military group of soldiers (Eze 12:14; 17:21; 38:6,9, 22; 39:4+)

אגר (ʾgr): see 112

112 אָגַר (ʾā·ḡǎr): v.; ≡ Str 103; TWOT 22—LN 43 (qal) gather crops, harvest, i.e., collect or harvest the produce of the field (Dt 28:39; Pr 6:8; 10:5+)

113 אֲגַרְטָל (ʾǎḡǎr·ṭāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 105; TWOT 380a—LN 6.118–6.151 metal dish, bowl, basin, i.e., a container of unknown shape and size (Ezr 1:9+), note: a flexible container such as a “basket” or “leather bag” would contextually fit only if the gold and silver were the contents of the flexible container

114 אֶגְרֹף (ʾěḡ·rōp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 106; TWOT 385a—1. LN 8.35 fist, i.e., a tightly clenched hand, with the focus on the ability to strike or hit with it (Ex 21:18; Isa 58:4+); 2. LN 19.1–19.13 unit: נָכָה בְּ־ אֶגְרֹף רֶשַׁע (nā·ḵā(h) b- ʾěḡ·rōp̄ rě·šǎʿ) (NJB, NEB, REB) vicious blow, formally, strike with fist of wickedness, i.e., strike very hard (Isa 58:4+)

115 אִגֶּרֶת (ʾig·gě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 107; TWOT 23b—LN 33.35–33.68 letter, i.e., a written document usually sent to another, often with a focus on the content of the letter (2Ch 30:1, 6; Ne 2:7, 8, 9; 6:5, 17, 19; Est 9:26, 29+)

116 אֵד (ʾēḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 108; TWOT 38d—1. LN 1.69–1.78 stream, brook, i.e., a body of fresh water which moves water from a higher to lower area (Job 36:27+); 2. LN 1.69–1.78 (NIV, NJB, NAB, NEB, Tanakh) water spring, flow, i.e., a source of water which comes up from the earth, i.e., an artesian spring (Ge 2:6+), note: for another interp, see next; 3. LN 2.7–2.13 (KJV, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, NASB, NEB ftn, REB) mist, steam, moisture, i.e., a dew or dew-like process for watering (Ge 2:6+), see also domain LN 14.17–14.35

אדב (ʾdb) Holladay: see 117

117 אָדַב (ʾā·ḏǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 109; TWOT 24—LN 25.223–25.250 (hif inf.) grieve, formally, cause to faint, i.e., cause a state of emotional sorrow or distress (1Sa 2:33+), note: some sources change text to 1853

118 אַדְבְּאֵל (ʾǎḏ·beʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 110;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adbeel: son of Ishmael (Ge 25:13; 1Ch 1:29+)

119 אֲדַד (ʾǎḏǎḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 111;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adad (NIV Hadad): prince of Edom (1Ki 11:17+), see also 2060

אֶדַּדֵּם (ʾěd·dǎd·dēm): see 1844 (Ps 42:5[EB 4]+)

120 אִדּוֹ (ʾid·dô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 112; TWOT 26e—LN 93-pers. (male) Iddo: leader of temple servants from Casiphia (Ezr 8:17+)

אָ (ʾā): adj.—see 137 SS 5:10+

121 אֱדוֹם (ʾěḏôm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 123; TWOT 26e—LN 93-pers. Edom: 1. (male) son of Jacob also known as Esau (Ge 25:30; 36:1) 2. (gent.) the clan of Edom 1 (Nu 20:18), see also 122, note: for MT text in 2Sa 8:12, 13; Eze 16:57, see 806

אֱדוֹם (ʾěḏôm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 123; TWOT 26e—LN 93-place (loc.) Edom: region S of the Dead Sea, N of the Red Sea, E of the Rift Valley, sometimes expanding west into the Negev (Ge 32:4; Jdg 5:4), note: for MT text in 2Ch 20:2, see 806.5

122 אֲדוֹמִי (ʾǎḏô·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 130;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Edomite: pertaining to a clan descended from Esau, twin brother of Jacob (Dt 23:8[EB 7]; 1Sa 21:8[EB 7]; 22:9, 18, 22; 1Ki 11:1, 14, 17; 2Ki 16:6; 2Ch 25:14; 28:17; Ps 52:2[EB title]+), see also 121(2.), note: for K in 1Ki 16:6, see 812

123 אָדוֹן (ʾā·ḏôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 113; TWOT 27b—1. LN 12.1–12.42 lord, i.e., one who is the supernatural master over all, a title of the true God (Ps 114:7); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 master, lord, i.e., one who exercises control or authority over another, or others (1Sa 20:38); 3. LN 87.19–87.57 lord, master, sir, i.e., the naming of a superior to an inferior as a title of respect (1Sa 1:26) note: for the divine title, see also 151; 4. LN 10.53–10.61 husband, formally, master, i.e., one who is the male partner of a marriage, with a focus on a position of authority in the relationship (Jdg 19:26, 27; Am 4:1); 5. LN 57.1–57.21 owner, i.e., one who is a possessor of goods, persons, or lands (1Ki 16:24); 6. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: אָדוֹן (ʾā·ḏôn) highest lord, formally, lord of lords, i.e., a title of God with a focus on the very high status and power of the true God (Dt 10:17+), see also 151

124 אַדּוֹן (ʾǎd·dôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 114;—LN 93-place (loc.) Addon: place in Babylonia (Ne 7:61+), see also 150

125 אֲדוֹנִיָּה (ʾǎḏô·niy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 138;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adonijah: part of a compound name, Tob-Adonijah, see 3207, also the name of another person, see 153, 154

126 אֲדוֹרַיִם (ʾǎḏô·rǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 115;—LN 93-place (loc.) Adoraim: town of Judah, (2Ch 11:9+)

127 אֲדוֹרָם (ʾǎḏô·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 151;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adoram: superintendent of forced, vassal labor (2Sa 20:24; 1Ki 12:18+), note: same person as 157, 2067 (2Ch 10:18), note: see BHS ftn, see also NIV ftn

128 אֹדוֹת (ʾō·ḏôṯ): prep. and c. [BDB: n.fem.]; ≡ Str 182; TWOT 38b—LN 89.15–89.38 because of, account of, reason that, i.e., a marker of the cause or reason of a situation or event with a focus on the object that is the cause (Ge 21:11, 25; 26:32; Ex 18:8; Nu 12:1; 13:24; Jos 14:6; Jdg 6:7; 2Sa 13:16; Jer 3:8+)

אֲדֹיִּנָה (ʾǎḏōy·yi·nā(h)) BDB [sic]: see 153

129 אַדִּיר (ʾǎd·dîr): adj. [see also 129.5]; ≡ Str 117; TWOT 28b—1. LN 76 mighty, strong, i.e., pertaining to actions that show great physical power, either natural or supernatural (Ex 15:10; 1Sa 4:8; Ps 93:4; 136:18; Eze 32:18+); 2. LN 79.123–79.128 large, mighty, i.e., pertaining to a large size and so fit for a purpose, implying to have a stately or awesome appearance (Isa 33:21b+); 3. LN 87.19–87.57 majestic, awesome, i.e., pertaining to a state of grandeur and high status (Ps 8:2[EB 1],10[EB 9]; 76:5[EB 4]+); 4. LN 79.9–79.17 beautiful, splendid, i.e., pertaining to that which has a lovely, desireable appearance (Eze 17:23+)

אַדִּיר (ʾǎd·dîr): n.masc. [served by 129]; ≡ Str 117; TWOT 28b—1. LN 37.48–37.95 nobles, leaders, i.e., persons of a ruling class, possibly implying respect and recognition by others (Jdg 5:13, 25; 2Ch 23:20; Ne 3:5; 10:30[EB 29]; Jer 14:3; 25:34, 35, 36; 30:21; Na 3:18+); 2. LN 11.12–11.54 (NIV, most versions) believers, formally, glorious ones, i.e., persons who are in the covenant of faith, in good relationship to God, with a focus on the high status of the opinion of the subject (Ps 16:3+), note: many sources take this to refer to idols or pagan gods, or persons who worship pagan gods; 3. LN 55.14–55.22 elite soldiers, picked troops, i.e., military persons of renown and might (Na 2:6[EB 5]+); 4. LN 3.2–3.12 large tree, i.e., a tree which is big and awesome to view, so considered stately and beautiful (Zec 11:2+); 5. LN 12.1–12.42 Mighty One, i.e., a title of the true God (Isa 10:34; 33:21a+)

130 אֲדַלְיָא (ʾǎḏǎl·yā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 118;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adalia: son of Haman (Est 9:8+)

אֲדַלְיָה (ʾǎḏǎl·yā(h)) Holladay: see 130

אדם (ʾdm): see 131

131 אָדֵם (ʾā·ḏēm): v.; ≡ Str 119; TWOT 26b—LN 79.26–79.38 (qal) be ruddy, be in a state of red as a color (La 4:7+), note: in context, a healthy tone color of the skin; (pual) be dyed red, have the color red imposed on an object (Ex 25:5; 26:14; 35:7, 23; 36:19; 39:34; Na 2:4[EB 3]+); (hif) be red (Isa 1:18+); (hitp) be red (Pr 23:31+)

132 I. אָדָם (ʾā·ḏām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 120; TWOT 25a—1. LN 9.1–9.23 person, human, i.e., a single human being of either sex (Ps 49:21[EB 20]), see also 134; 2. LN 9.1–9.23 humankind, mankind, a class of being created by God without regard to sex, with a focus as a class of creature, distinct from animals, plants, or even spiritual beings (Ge 1:26); 3. LN 87.58–87.75 unit: בֵּן אָדָם (bēn ʾā·ḏām)1 low class person, formally, son of man, i.e., a person of low status, implying poverty (Ps 49:3[EB 2]); 4. LN 9.1–9.23 unit: בֵּן אָדָם (bēn ʾā·ḏām)1 human, formally, son of man, i.e., a person who is in the class of humanity, as contrasted to other classes of supernatural beings (Eze 2:1)

133 II. אָדָם (ʾā·ḏām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 120; TWOT 25a—LN 6.152–6.187 leather, i.e., processed animal skins (Hos 11:4); note: in context, strips of leather used as binders; note: oth, see 132

134 III. אָדָם (ʾā·ḏām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 121; TWOT 25a—LN 93-pers. (male) Adam: first human (Ge 4:25; 5:1a, 3, 5; 1Ch 1:1), see also 132; note: Hos 6:7 some place as a n.pr.loc., see 136

135 IV. אָדָם (ʾā·ḏām): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 120; TWOT 25a—LN 1.60–1.68 earth, i.e., the surface of the ground (Ge 16:12; Job 11:12; 36:28; Pr 30:14; Jer 32:20; Zec 9:1; 13:5), note: most place these verses as 132; see also 141

136 V. אָדָם (ʾā·ḏām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 121; TWOT 25a—LN 93-place (loc.) Adam: town near the mouth of the Jabbok River, (Jos 3:16+), note: Hos 6:7 some place as 134

137 אָדֹם (ʾā·ḏōm): adj.; ≡ Str 122; TWOT 26b—LN 79.26–79.38 red, i.e., pertaining to the color which varies from deep wine-grape juice to a more brownish red dirt color, varying according to the object described (Ge 25:30; Nu 19:2; 2Ki 3:22; Isa 63:2; Zec 1:8; 6:2+); ruddy, i.e., a tone of the skin considered attractive and healthy (SS 5:10+)

אָדֹם (ʾā·ḏōm) BDB: see 131

138 אֹדֶם (ʾō·ḏěm): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 124; TWOT 26c—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: (NIV, NASB) ruby; (KJV, NKJV, ASV, RSV) sardius; (NJB) sard; (NEB, REB) sardin, (NRSV, NAB, Tanakh) carnelian (Ex 28:17; 39:10; Eze 28:13+), note: exact identification not certain, note: ety. may suggest a red color

אֱדֹם (ʾěḏōm) BDB: n.[masc.]—see 137 (Ge 25:30+)

139 אֱדֹם (ʾěḏōm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 123; TWOT 26e—LN 93-pers. (male) Edom: part of a compound name, Obed-Edom, see 6273

אֲדַמְדַּם (ʾǎḏǎm·dǎm) Lisowsky: adj.—see 140 alternate lexical form

140 אֲדַמְדָּם (ʾǎḏǎm·dām): adj.; ≡ Str 125; TWOT 26g—1. LN 79.26–79.38 red, reddish, i.e., pertaining to the color red which varies from deep wine-grape juice to a more brownish red dirt color, varying according to the object described (Lev 13:49; 14:37+); 2. LN 79.26–79.38 unit: אֲדַמְדָּם לָבָן (ʾǎḏǎm·dām lā·ḇān)1 pinkish, formally, reddish-white, i.e., the color of inflamed skin tissue (Lev 13:19, 24, 42, 43+)

141 I. אֲדָמָה (ʾǎḏā·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 127; TWOT 25b—1. LN 2.14–2.28 soil, dust, i.e., dirt either as clods, clay, or fine particles (1Sa 4:12; Isa 28:24); 2. LN 1.39–1.45 earth, world, i.e., the entire surface of the land on which mankind dwells (Ge 12:3); 3. LN 1.79–1.81 land, i.e., a geo-political area as a land region (Isa 19:17); 4. LN 1.17–1.25 regions below the ground, i.e., the realm of the dead (Ge 4:10; Da 12:2); 5. LN 43 unit: אִישׁ הַ־ אֲדָמָה (ʾîš hǎ- ʾǎḏā·mā(h))1 farmer, formally, man of the soil (Ge 9:20+); 6. LN 43 unit: אִישׁ עָבַד אֲדָמָה (ʾîš ʿā·ḇǎḏ ʾǎḏā·mā(h))1 farmer, formally, man working soil (Zec 13:5+)

142 II. אֲדָמָה (ʾǎḏā·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 128;—LN 93-place (loc.) Adamah: town of Naphatli (Jos 19:36+); note: some place 1Ki 7:46; 2Ch 4:17; Ps 83:11[EB 10] as n.pr.loc.

143 III. אֲדָמָה (ʾǎḏā·mā(h)): n.fem.—see 141 (Dt 32:43+)

144 אַדְמָה (ʾǎḏ·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 126;—LN 93-place (loc.) Admah: town of the Jordan Valley (Ge 10:19; 14:2, 8; Dt 29:22[EB 23]; Hos 11:8+)

145 אַדְמוֹנִי (ʾǎḏ·mô·nî): adj.; ≡ Str 132, 726; TWOT 26h—LN 79.26–79.38 ruddy, red, reddish, i.e., pertaining to a color of the skin or hair (Ge 25:25; 1Sa 16:12; 17:42+)

אֲדֹמִי (ʾǎḏō·mî) Holladay, BDB: see 122

146 אֲדָמִי הַנֶּקֶב (ʾǎḏā·mî hǎn·ně·qěḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 129, 5346; TWOT 26f—LN 93-place (loc.) Adami Nekeb: town of Naphtali, (Jos 19:33+)

147 אֲדֻמִּים (ʾǎḏǔm·mîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 131;—LN 93-place (loc.) Adummim: pass. which went from Jericho to Jerusalem (Jos 15:7; 18:17+)

אַדְמֹנִי (ʾǎḏ·mō·nî) Holladay: see 145

148 אַדְמָתָא (ʾǎḏ·mā·ṯā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 133;—LN 93-pers. (male) Admatha: close advisor of King Xerxes (Est 1:14+)

149 אֶדֶן (ʾě·ḏěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 134; TWOT 27a—LN 7.26–7.53 base, pedestal, footing, foundation, i.e., the very bottom part of a structure of a building or pillar as a foundation (Ex 26:19–40:18 passim; Nu 3:36, 37; 4:31, 32; Job 38:6; SS 5:15+)

150 אַדָּן (ʾǎd·dān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 135;—LN 93-place (loc.) Addon: place in Babylonia (Ezr 2:59+), see also 124

151 אֲדֹנָי (ʾǎḏō·nāy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 136; TWOT 27b—1. LN 12.1–12.42 (masc.) Lord, Master, i.e., a title of the true God with a focus on the authority and majesty of a ruler (Ge 18:27), see also 123; 2. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: אֲדֹנָי יהוה (ʾǎḏō·nāy yhw(h)), יְהוִה (yhwh) Sovereign LORD, formally, Majestic Lord Yahweh, i.e., a title of the true God with a focus on the authority and majesty of a ruler, yet also implying a relationship based in promise, covenant, or other relational factors (Ge 15:2)

152 אֲדֹנִי בֶזֶק (ʾǎḏō·nî ḇě·zěq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 137;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adoni-Bezek: Canaanite king (Jdg 1:5, 6, 7+)

אֲדֹנִי־בֶזֶק (ʾǎḏō·nî-·ḇě·zěq) BDB: see 152

153 אֲדֹנִיָּה (ʾǎḏō·niy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 138;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adonijah: 1. a possible heir to David’s throne (2Sa 3:4; 1Ki 1:5, 7, 18; 2:28; 1Ch 3:2+), see also 154(1.) 2. see 154(2.) 3. a family head (Ne 10:17[EB 16]+), see also 156

154 אֲדֹנִיָּהוּ (ʾǎḏō·niy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 138;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adonijahu (Adonijah NIV): 1. a possible heir to David’s throne (1Ki 1–2) 2. a Levite (2Ch 17:8+), see also 153

155 אֲדֹנִי־צֶדֶק (ʾǎḏō·nî-·ṣě·ḏěq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 139;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adoni-Zedek: pre-Hebrew king of Jerusalem (Jos 10:1, 3+)

156 אֲדֹנִיקָם (ʾǎḏō·nî·qām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 140;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adonikam: family head (Ezr 2:13; 8:13; Ne 7:18+), see also 125(3.)

157 אֲדֹנִירָם (ʾǎḏō·nî·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 141;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adoniram: superintendent of forced, vassal labor (1Ki 4:6; 5:28[EB 14]+), see also 2067, note: for MT text at 2Sa 20:24; 1Ki 12:18, see 164; see also 2067(3.)

אדר (ʾdr): see 158

158 אָדַר (ʾā·ḏǎr): v.; ≡ Str 142; TWOT 28—LN 79.18–79.23 (nif ptcp. as an a) (Ex 15:6, 11+), see 5532.5; (hif impf.) make glorious, cause an object to be obviously great and splendid (Isa 42:21+), see also domain LN 87.4–87.18

159 אֶדֶר (ʾě·ḏěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 145; TWOT 28a—1. LN 79.18–79.23 splendor, handsomeness, richness, i.e., a state or condition of obvious quality and an appearance which causes admiration or appreciation of the object (Mic 2:8+), note: in context pertaining to a garment; 2. LN 59.11–59.22 handsome, noble, large, i.e., a large amount of a collection which is impressive (Zec 11:13+), note: in context a large amount of money for a comparatively lesser-valued item

160 אֲדָר (ʾǎḏār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 143;—LN 67.163–67.200 (month of calendar) Adar: the 12th month of the Babylonian calendar, now known as February-March (Est 3:7, 13; 8:12; 9:1, 15, 17, 19, 21+)

161 I. אַדָּר (ʾǎd·dār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 146;—LN 93-pers. (male) Addar: son of Bela (2.) (1Ch 8:3+), note: possibly see also 764

162 II. אַדָּר (ʾǎd·dār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 146;—LN 93-place (loc.) Addar: town on the South border of Judah (Jos 15:3+), note: same as 2960; also part of a compound name Ataroth Addar, see 6501; Hazar Addar, see 2960

אֲדַרְכּוֹן (ʾǎḏǎr·kôn): n.masc.—see 163 alternate lex. form in [Lisowsky]

163 אֲדַרְכֹנִים (ʾǎḏǎr·ḵō·nîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 150; TWOT 28.1—LN 6.68–6.82 darics, i.e., a Persian coin of a certain monetary value (1Ch 29:7; Ezr 8:27+)

164 אֲדֹרָם (ʾǎḏō·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 151;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adoram: superintendent of forced, vassal labor (2Sa 20:24; 1Ki 12:18+) note: for NIV text, see 157, 2067(2.)

165 I. אַדְרַמֶּלֶךְ (ʾǎḏ·rǎm·mě·lěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 152;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Adrammelech (2Ki 17:31+)

166 II. אַדְרַמֶּלֶךְ (ʾǎḏ·rǎm·mě·lěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 152;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adrammelech: son of King Sennacherib (2Ki 19:37; Isa 37:38+)

167 אֶדְרֶעִי (ʾěḏ·rě·ʿî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 154;—LN 93-place (loc.) Edrei: 1. royal city of Bashan, (Nu 21:33; Dt 1:4; 3:1, 10; Jos 12:4; 13:12, 31+) 2. town of Naphtali, near Kedesh (Jos 19:37+), note: some say same as 1.

168 אַדֶּרֶת (ʾǎd·dě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 155; TWOT 28c—1. LN 6.152–6.187 cloak, outerwear, coat, i.e., a covering garment for basic daily functions and needs (Ge 25:25; 1Ki 19:13, 19; 2Ki 2:8, 13, 14; Zec 13:4+); 2. LN 6.152–6.187 rich robe, i.e., a very beautiful garment, implying splendor and richness in its appearance (Jos 7:21, 24; Jnh 3:6+); 3. LN 79.9–79.17 splendor, beauty, i.e., a state or condition of an object as having a lovely, desireable appearance (Eze 17:8+); 4. LN 1.95–1.98 rich pasture, i.e., a tract of open land very suitable for grazing, with abundant grass for sheep and goats (Zec 11:3+)

אדשׁ (ʾdš): see 169

אָדֹשׁ (ʾā·ḏōš) BDB: see 169, 1889

169 אָדַשׁ (ʾā·ḏǎš): v.; ≡ Str 156; TWOT 419—LN 43 (qal inf. abs.) tread, thresh, i.e., trample with hooves or implements, so grain stalks and heads separate from the fruit parts of grain (Isa 28:28a+), note: some sources change text to 1889, q.v.

אהב (ʾhb): see 170

170 אָהַב (ʾā·hǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 157; TWOT 29—1. LN 25.33–25.58 (qal) love, i.e., have an affection based on a close relationship, sometimes in comparison to other persons with a lesser relationship (Ge 22:2; 24:67; 25:28; Est 2:17), note: this relationship can be familial, proper romance, or attraction; (qal pass.) be loved (Dt 21:15,16; Ne 13:26; Hos 3:1+); 2. LN 25.1–25.11 (qal) like, i.e., have a desire for an object based in desirability, with a focus on a preference of one thing over another (Ge 27:4), note: qal ptcp. as noun, see 170.5; nif ptcp. as a 2Sa 1:23+, see 5533.5; piel ptcp. as a noun, see 4396.5; for another noun, see also 173

אָהֵב (ʾā·hēḇ) BDB: see 170

אֹהֵב (ʾō·hēḇ): n.[masc.] [oth qal act.ptcp. of 170]; ≡ Str 157; TWOT 29—1. LN 34.1–34.21 friend, i.e., a person who is in an association of affection and personal regard (1Ki 5:15[EB 1]; 2Ch 20:7; Est 5:10, 14; 6:13; Ps 38:12[EB 11]; 88:19[EB 18]; Pr 14:20; 18:24; 27:6; Isa 41:8; Jer 20:4, 6+); 2. LN 34.1–34.21 one who loves, i.e., one who actively seeks association, relationship, and friendship, in covenant relationship, which may include feelings of affection (Ex 20:6; Dt 5:10; 7:9; Jdg 5:31; 2Sa 19:7b[EB 6b]; Ne 1:5; Ps 5:12[EB 11]; Ps 40:17[EB 16]; 69:37[EB 36]; 70:5[EB 4]; 97:10; 119:132, 165; 122:6; 145:20; Pr 8:17b, 21; Isa 66:10; Da 9:4+), see also domain LN 25.33–25.58; 3. LN 25.12–25.32 one who desires, i.e., a person who has an affection for an object (2Ch 26:10; Ps 11:5; Pr 18:21+); 4. LN 88.271–88.282 lover, i.e., one who has an intimate relationship, by bedding with a partner, esp. at night (La 1:2+), note: possibly translate “friend.”

171 אֹהַב (ʾō·hǎḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 159; TWOT 29b—1. LN 23.61–23.65 love making, i.e., the physical sexual act. (Pr 7:18+), note: in context, an immoral sexual contact, see also domain LN 88.271–88.282; 2. LN 25.33–25.58 lover, i.e., an object which is loved or desired (Hos 9:10+), note: in context an object of illicit worship

172 אַהַב (ʾǎ·hǎḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 158; TWOT 29a—1. LN 23.61–23.65 (pl.) lover, i.e., a person who has illicit sex with a partner, cf. a “John” as one who pays for sex (Hos 8:9+), note: Holladay translates “gifts of love.”; note: see also domain LN 88.271–88.282; 2. LN 79.9–79.17 (pl.) lovable, charming, i.e., that object which is beautiful, and so attractive and desireable (Pr 5:19+)

173 I. אַהֲבָה (ʾǎ·hǎḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 160; TWOT 29c—LN 25.33–25.58 love, i.e., a state or condition of strong affection for another based on relationship (Ge 29:20; 1Sa 20:17; 2Sa 1:26; 13:15; 1Ki 10:9; 11:2; Ps 109:4, 5; Pr 5:19; 10:12; 15:17; 17:9; 27:5; Ecc 9:1, 6; SS 2:4, 5, 7; 3:5, 10; 5:8; 7:7[EB 6]; 8:4, 6, 7; Isa 63:9; Jer 2:2, 33; 31:3; Hos 11:4; Zep 3:17+), note: this relationship can be familial, as a friend, properly romantic, or based in covenant; see also domain LN 34.1–34.21; note: this form may also be the inf. form of 170, for another interp in Hos 11:4; SS 3:10+, see 174

174 II. אַהֲבָה (ʾǎ·hǎḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 160; TWOT 29c—LN 6.152–6.187 (NEB ftn) leather, i.e., the processed skin of animals (Hos 11:4; SS 3:10+), note: context is better served by 173 as the meaning

175 אֲהַבְהָבַי (ʾǎhǎḇ·hā·ḇǎy): n.masc.—LN 25.33–25.58 ardor of love, i.e., a zealous, warm love (Hos 8:13 cj+), note: for MT text, see 2037

176 אֹהַד (ʾō·hǎḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 161;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ohad: of Simeon (Ge 46:10; Ex 6:15+)

177 אֲהָהּ (ʾǎhāh): inj.; ≡ Str 162; TWOT 30—1. LN 91.6–91.12 Ah!, Oh!, Alas!, i.e., a marker which signals an emphasis and cry of alarm (Jos 7:7; Jdg 6:22; 11:35; 2Ki 3:10; 6:5, 15; Jer 1:6; 4:10; 14:13; 32:17; Eze 9:8; 11:13; 21:5[EB 20:49]; Joel 1:15+); 2. LN 89.124–89.138 Not so!, i.e., a marker of an emphatic adversative (Eze 4:14+)

178 אַהֲוָא (ʾǎ·hǎwā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 163;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ahava: 1. a town in Babylonia (Ezr 8:15+), note: for another interp, see next 2. a river or canal named for its city (Ezr 8:15, 21, 31+)

179 אֵהוּד (ʾē·hûḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 164;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ehud: of Benjamin, a delivering judge of Israel (Jdg 3:15–4:1 passim; 1Ch 7:10+), see also 287, note: BDB questions if 1Ch is a reference to another person

180 אֱהִי (ʾěhî): adv.; ≡ Str 165; TWOT 31—LN 92.27–92.28 Where?, i.e., an interrogative marker of a set of circumstances (Hos 13:10, 14+), note: some sources change text to 372

181 אֶהְיֶה (ʾěh·yě(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1961; TWOT 491—LN 12.1–12.42 אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה (ʾěh·yě(h) ʾǎšěr ʾěh·yě(h)) I AM WHO I AM, i.e., a title of God with a focus on presence, care, concern, and relationship (Ex 3:14), note: God also speaks “I will be,” in the following verses (Ge 26:3; 31:3; Ex 3:12; 4:12, 15; Dt 31:23; 1Ch 17:13; Jer 31:1; Zec 2:9[EB 5])

אהל (ʾhl)1 Lisowsky: see 183

אהל (ʾhl)2 Lisowsky: see 182

אהל (ʾhl)3 BDB: see 193

182 I. אָהַל (ʾā·hǎl): v.; ≡ Str 167; TWOT 32—LN 45 (qal) pitch a tent, i.e., move a tent and put it up in another place as a moveable residence (Ge 13:12, 18+); (piel) (Isa 13:20+), note: Holladay translates, “obtain pasturing rights.”

183 II. אָהַל (ʾā·hǎl): v.; ≡ Str 166; TWOT 33—LN 14.36–14.52 (hif) be bright, shine, i.e., to have the reflective light of the moon appear relatively shining (Job 25:5+)

184 אָהָל (ʾā·hāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 174; TWOT 34—see 189, 193 alt. form in BDB

185 I. אֹהֶל (ʾō·hěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 168; TWOT 32a—1. LN 7.2–7.25 tent, tent-dwelling, i.e., a portable construction made of animal hair or leather, varying in size, which may include curtained rooms in the tent (Jos 7:21); 2. LN 10.1–10.13 tent-dwellers, i.e., families that dwell in tents (Jdg 6:5); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 home, dwelling place, house, i.e., a place in which one lives, including a permanent, unmoveable house (1Ki 8:66; Ps 132:3); 4. LN 10.1–10.13 household, i.e., a group of persons, including children and servants, that live in close proximity (Job 31:31); 5. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד (ʾō·hěl mô·ʿēḏ) worship tent, Tent of Meeting, i.e., a tabernacle construction used for worship prior to the Temple building (1Sa 2:22); 6. LN 11.90–11.95 unit: שָׁכַן בְּ־ אֹהֶל (šā·ḵǎn b- ʾō·hěl)1 nomad, i.e., a group of persons who have a life-style of living and moving in tents, often pasturage for flocks and herds (Jdg 8:11)

186 II. אֹהֶל (ʾō·hěl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 169;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ohel: son of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:20+)

187 אֵהֶל (ʾē·hěl): p. (demonstrative masc. and fem.pl.); ≡ Str 428; TWOT 92—LN 92.29–92.36 (1Ki 7:45 K+), note: for Q, see 465; note: see BHS ftn, is K 185?

אֳהָלָה (ʾǒhā·lā(h)) Holladay: see 188

188 אָהֳלָה (ʾā·hǒlā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 170; TWOT 32b—LN 93-pers. (female) Oholah: symbolic name of Samaria (Eze 23:4,5, 36, 44+), see also 9076

189 אֲהָלוֹת (ʾǎhā·lôṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 174; TWOT 34—LN 3.2–3.12 aloes, an aromatic wood, a tree that can grow 120 feet high, and native to northern India, the decaying wood used for perfumes, fragrances, incense, and fumigation Aquilaria agallocha commonly called eaglewood (Ps 45:9[EB 8]; SS 4:14+) see also 193; see also domain LN 6.205–6.212; note: some sources question this identification; still others suggest Aloexyllon agallochum (aloewood), and Santalum album (white sandalwood)

190 אָהֳלִיאָב (ʾā·hǒlî·ʾāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 171;—LN 93-pers. (male) Oholiab: of Dan, assistant of Bezalel the craftsman (Ex 31:6; 35:34; 36:1, 2; 38:23+)

191 אָהֳלִיבָה (ʾā·hǒlî·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 172; TWOT 32c—LN 93-pers. (female) Oholibah: symbolic name of Judah (Eze 23:4,11, 22, 36, 44+)

192 אָהֳלִיבָמָה (ʾā·hǒlî·ḇā·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 173;—LN 93-pers. Oholibamah: 1. (female) wife of Esau (Ge 36:2, 5, 14, 18,25+) 2. (male) of Esau, chief of Edom (Ge 36:41; 1Ch 1:52+)

193 I. אֲהָלִים (ʾǎhā·lîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 174; TWOT 34—LN 3.2–3.12 (most versions) aloes, an aromatic wood, a tree that can grow 120 feet high, and native to northern India, the decaying wood used for perfumes, fragrances, incense, and fumigation Aquilaria agallocha commonly called eaglewood (Nu 24:6; Pr 7:17+), note: KJV, ASV, NEB, “lign-aloes;” REB, “aloe trees;” note: see also 189; note: some sources question this identification; still others suggest Aloexyllon agallochum (aloewood), and Santalum album (white sandalwood); see also domain LN 6.205–6.212; note: Holladay in Numbers 24:6 identifies as a different plant (native to the land), see 194

194 II. אֲהָלִים (ʾǎhā·lîm): n.[masc.]—LN 3.13–3.32 (KB, Holladay) ice plant, i.e., a plant with fleshy foliage and water pockets in the leaves, native to warm regions, including Bible lands, Mesembrianthemum nodiflorum (Nu 24:6+), note: for another identification, see 193

195 אַהֲרוֹן (ʾǎ·hǎrôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 175; TWOT 35—LN 93-pers. (male) Aaron: of Levi, brother of Moses (Ex 4:14)

196 אוֹ (ʾô): c. or pt.; ≡ Str 176; TWOT 36—1. LN 89.139–89.140 or, a marker of alternative relation (Lev 5:2); 2. LN 89.139–89.140 either … or, whether … or, a marker of double alternative relation (Lev 5:2); 3. LN 89.65–89.70 if, i.e., a marker of a condition (Ex 21:31); 4. LN 89.139–89.140 unit: אוֹ (ʾô) … וְ־ (w) either … or, whether … or, i.e., a marker of double alternative relation (Nu 9:22); 5. LN 89.124–89.138 except, or else, i.e., a marker of contrast (Isa 27:5)

197 אַו (ʾǎw): n.masc.; ≡ Str 176; TWOT 36—LN 25.12–25.32 (NIV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, NEB, REB, NJB) craving, desire, “love of,” i.e., a strong desire for something (Pr 31:4 v.r.+), note: for Q, see 361; an alt. K form is 196; note: in this context it is possible that this is a physiological desire, see also domain LN 23; note: some sources parse as piel inf. of 203

אֵו (ʾēw): see 196 or 197 (Pr 31:4 K+)

198 אוּאֵל (ʾû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 177;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uel: divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:34+)

אוב (ʾwb) Lisowsky: see 199 and 200

199 I. אוֹב (ʾôḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 178; TWOT 37a—LN 6.132 wineskin, i.e., a bag or bottle made of leather (Job 32:19+), note: according to Holladay, the hair is still on the outside of the leather bottle

200 II. אוֹב (ʾôḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 178; TWOT 37a—1. LN 12.1–12.42 ghost, spirit of the dead, i.e., a spirit which can communicate with human mediums, called from the Underworld of the dead (Lev 19:31; 20:6; 1Sa 28:8; Isa 29:4+); 2. LN 33.281–33.285 medium, i.e., a spiritist or necromancer that conjures and communicates with ghosts (Lev 20:27; Dt 18:11; 1Sa 28:3, 9; 2Ki 21:6; 23:24; 1Ch 10:13; 2Ch 33:6; Isa 8:19; 19:3+), note: there may be overlap between the two entries; 3. LN 33.281–33.285 unit: בַּעֲלַת־אוֹב (bǎ·ʿǎlǎṯ-·ʾôḇ) medium, formally, lady-master of a ghost spirit, i.e., a spiritist or necromancer that conjures and communicates with ghosts (1Sa 28:7+)

201 אוֹבִיל (ʾô·ḇîl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 179;—LN 93-pers. (male) Obil: of Ishmael, royal herdsman of camels (1Ch 27:30+)

אוּבָל (ʾû·ḇāl): n.[masc.]—see 67 (Da 8:2+)

202 אוּד (ʾûḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 181; TWOT 38a—LN 3.60–3.67 stick, log, (pl.) firewood, i.e., a piece of wood used for burning in a fire (Isa 7:4; Am 4:11; Zec 3:2+), note: for focus on burning, see LN 14.63–14.73

אוֹדָה (ʾô·ḏā(h)) BDB: n.fem.—see 128

אוֹדוֹת (ʾô·ḏôṯ): prep. and c.—see 128 Ge 21:11; Ex 18:8; 2Sa 13:16+

אוה (ʾwh) Holladay: see 203

203 I. אָוָה (ʾā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 183; TWOT 40—LN 25.12–25.32 (piel) crave, desire, want, i.e., to have a strong yearning or desire (Dt 12:20; 14:26; 1Sa 2:16; 2Sa 3:21; 1Ki 11:37; Job 23:13; Ps 132:13, 14; Pr 21:10; Isa 26:9; Mic 7:1+), note: in contexts of physical craving, see also domain LN 23; (hitp) crave, desire, yearn for, long for, be enthralled, i.e., have a strong internalized desire (Nu 11:4, 34; Dt 5:21[MT 18]; 2Sa 23:15; 1Ch 11:17; Ps 45:12[EB 11]; 106:14; Pr 13:4; 21:26; 23:3, 6; 24:1; Ecc 6:2; Jer 17:16; Am 5:18+), note: for another interp in Nu 34:10+, see 204; note: for another parsing in Pr 31:4, see 197; note: for (nif) Ps 93:5; SS 1:10, Isa 52:7, see 5533 (qal, piel)

204 II. אָוָה (ʾā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 184; TWOT 41—LN 81.1–81.2 (hitp) mark out, measure, i.e., delineate the boundary area of a space or territory (Nu 34:10+), note: NIV “run a line;” note: for another interp, see 203, 9292; in Pr 31:4 see 197; see also domain LN 80.5–80.7

205 אַוָּה (ʾǎw·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 185; TWOT 40b—LN 25.12–25.32 wanting, craving, pleasure, i.e., a desire, which can have a focus on the object of desire, and brings pleasure and fondness for the object (Dt 12:15, 20, 21; 18:6; 1Sa 23:20; Jer 2:24; Hos 10:10+)

206 אוּזַי (ʾû·zǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 186;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uzai: father of Palal, a wall builder (Ne 3:25+)

207 אוּזָל (ʾû·zāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 187;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uzal: of Shem, the son of Noah (Ge 10:27; 1Ch 1:21+)

אוּזָל (ʾû·zāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 187;—LN 93-place (loc.) Uzal: place (currently unknown) mentioned in connection with Danites and Greeks (Eze 27:19+)

208 אוֹי (ʾôy): n.[masc.] [oth inj.]; ≡ Str 188; TWOT 42—LN 22.1–22.14 woe, sorrow, i.e., a state of intense hardship and distress (Nu 21:29; 24:23; 1Sa 4:7, 8; Pr 23:29; Isa 3:9, 11; 6:5; 24:16; Jer 4:13, 31; 6:4; 10:19; 13:27; 15:10; 45:3; 48:46; La 5:16; Eze 16:23; 24:6, 9; Hos 7:13; 9:12+), note: often translated “Woe!, Ah!, Alas!, Trouble!” stressing the intensity and personal engagement in the state of sorrow

209 אֱוִי (ʾěwî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 189;—LN 93-pers. (male) Evi: king of Midian (Nu 31:8; Jos 13:21+)

אוֹיֵב (ʾô·yēḇ) BDB, Holladay: see 367

אוֹיֶבֶת (ʾô·yě·ḇěṯ): n.fem.—see 367 Mic 7:8, 10+

210 אוֹיָה (ʾô·yā(h)): n.[fem.] [oth inj.]; ≡ Str 190;—LN 22.1–22.14 woe, sorrow, i.e., a state of intense hardship and distress (Ps 120:5+), note: often translated “Woe!, Ah!, Alas!, Trouble!” stressing the intensity and personal engagement in the state of sorrow

211 I. אֱוִיל (ʾěwîl): adj. [see also 211.5]; ≡ Str 191; TWOT 44a—1. LN 32.42–32.61 foolish, i.e., pertaining to being without understanding, and so not using one’s capacity for understanding (Pr 29:9; Jer 4:22; Hos 9:7+); 2. LN 32.42–32.61 unit: אִישׁ אֱוִיל (ʾîš ʾěwîl)1 fool, simpleton, i.e., a person without understanding, often by stubborn will (Pr 29:9+)

אֱוִיל (ʾěwîl): n.masc. [served by 211]; ≡ Str 191; TWOT 44a—LN 32.42–32.61 fool, simpleton, i.e., a person without understanding, often by stubborn will and stupid behavior (Job 5:2, 3; Ps 107:17; Pr 1:7; 7:22; 10:8, 10, 14, 21; 11:29; 12:15, 16; 14:3, 9; 15:5; 16:22; 17:28; 20:3; 24:7; 27:3, 22; Isa 19:11; 35:8+), note: for NIV text at Pr 7:22, see 385

212 II. אֱוִיל (ʾěwîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 193; TWOT 45a—LN 11.55–11.89 citizenry, i.e., the whole body of citizens of a kingdom with full status in that governmental system (2Ki 24:15+), for another interp, “leaders,” see 380, 383

213 אֱוִיל מְרֹדַךְ (ʾěwîl merō·ḏǎḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 192;—LN 93-pers. (male) Evil-Merodach: son of Nebuchadnezzar, a king of Babylon (2Ki 25:27; Jer 52:31+)

214 I. אוּל (ʾûl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 193; TWOT 45a—LN 8.9–8.69 belly, i.e., the front soft, prominent part of a body (containing the viscera) which when not concave is a sign of health (Ps 73:4+), note: NIV translates “body,” referring to the whole of the physical body, which is to what the “belly” may refer

215 II. אוּל (ʾûl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 193; TWOT 45a—LN 37.48–37.95 leader, noble, i.e., a person who, by position or acts, is a ruler of a society (2Ki 24:15 K+), note: for Q see also 212 or NIV 380, 383

216 אֱוִלִי (ʾěwi·lî): adj.; ≡ Str 196; TWOT 44b—LN 32.42–32.61 foolish, i.e., pertaining to being without understanding, and so not using one’s capacity for understanding (Zec 11:15+)

אֵולֵי (ʾēw·lê) Holladay: see 212, 215

217 I. אוּלַי (ʾû·lǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 195;—LN 93-place (River) Ulai: river or canal in Elam that flowed through Susa (Da 8:2, 16+), note: some identify as a city

218 II. אוּלַי (ʾû·lǎy): adv.; ≡ Str 194; TWOT 46—1. LN 71.14–71.20 perhaps, maybe, i.e., a marker showing uncertainty, but usually an expectancy that a positive will happen (Ge 16:2; 32:21[EB 20]; 43:12; Ex 32:30; Nu 22:6, 11; 23:3, 27; Jos 9:7; 1Sa 6:5; 9:6; 14:6; 2Sa 14:15; 16:12; 1Ki 18:5, 27; 20:31; 2Ki 19:4; Job 1:5; Isa 37:4; 47:12; Jer 20:10; 21:2; 26:3; 36:3, 7; 51:8; La 3:29; Eze 12:3; Am 5:15; Jnh 1:6; Zep 2:3+); 2. LN 89.65–89.70 if, what if, i.e., a marker showing a condition, real or hypothetical, actual or contrary to fact (Ge 18:24, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32; 24:5, 39; 27:12; Nu 22:33; Jos 14:12; Hos 8:7+)

219 I. אוּלָם (ʾû·lām): adv.; ≡ Str 199; TWOT 47—LN 89.124–89.138 but, however, on the other hand, nevertheless, i.e., a marker showing contrast (Ge 28:19; 48:19; Ex 9:16; Nu 14:21; Jdg 18:29; 1Sa 20:3; 25:34; 1Ki 20:23; Job 1:11; 2:5; 5:8; 11:5; 12:7; 13:3, 4; 14:18; 17:10; 33:1; Mic 3:8+)

220 II. אוּלָם (ʾû·lām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 198;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ulam: 1. of Manasseh (1Ch 7:16, 17+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:39, 40+)

221 III. אוּלָם (ʾû·lām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 197; TWOT 45c—see 395 an alternate lex. form, e.g, 1Ki 6:3

222 אִוֶּלֶת (ʾiw·wě·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 200; TWOT 44c—LN 32.42–32.61 foolishness, folly, i.e., a state of being devoid of wisdom and understanding, with a focus on the evil behaviors which occur in this state (Ps 38:6[EB 5]; 69:6[EB 5]; Pr 5:23; 12:23; 13:16; 14:1, 8, 17, 18, 24,29; 15:2, 14, 21; 16:22; 17:12; 18:13; 19:3; 22:15; 24:9; 26:4, 5, 11; 27:22+)

223 אוֹמָר (ʾô·mār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 201;—LN 93-pers. (male) Omar: grandson of Esau (Ge 36:11, 15; 1Ch 1:36+)

אוֹמֶר (ʾô·měr) Holladay: see 608

224 I. אָוֶן (ʾā·wěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 205; TWOT 48a—1. LN 88.105–88.125 evil, wickedness, iniquity, i.e., an act. (of many kinds) which is morally evil and corrupt, and damaging to one’s relationship to God and others, according to a standard (1Sa 15:23), note: another interp of Job 18:7 and Pr 11:7 as 226; note: for Eze 30:17 as n.pr., see 225; 2. LN 22.1–22.14 calamity, trouble, misfortune, suffering, i.e., an unfavorable circumstance which causes hardship (Nu 23:21; Job 5:6; 18:12; 21:19; Ps 55:4[EB 3]; 56:8[EB 7]; 90:10; Pr 12:21; 22:8; Jer 4:15; Am 5:5; Hab 3:7+), note: in some contexts this may be a punishment; 3. LN 33.251–33.255 deceit, false words, i.e., that which is spoken which is untrue and so evil (Ps 41:7[EB 6]; 55:11[EB 10]; Zec 10:2); 4. LN 6.96–6.101 idol, formally, wickedness, i.e., an artifact which is worshiped as deity or a representation of a deity, with a focus that this is a wicked thing (Isa 66:3); 5. LN 88.105–88.125 unit: פָּעַל אָוֶן (pā·ʿǎl ʾā·wěn)1 evildoer, i.e., a person who does morally evil and bad things (Job 31:3; 34:8, 22; Ps 5:6[EB 5]; 6:9[EB 8]; 14:4; 28:3; 36:13[EB 12]; 53:5[EB 4]; 59:3[EB 2]; 64:3[EB 2]; 92:8[EB 7],10[EB 9]; 94:4, 16; 101:8; 125:5; 141:4, 9; Pr 10:29; 21:15; Isa 31:2; Hos 6:8+); 6. LN 88.105–88.125 unit: אִישׁ אָוֶן (ʾîš ʾā·wěn)1 evildoer, villain, scoundrel, i.e., a person who does morally evil and bad things (Pr 6:12+)

225 II. אָוֶן (ʾā·wěn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 206;—LN 93-place (loc.) 1. Aven (Heliopolis NIV): Egyptian religious center, 10 mi. NNE of modern Cairo (Eze 30:17+), see also 228, 2239; note: others interp as 224 2. (Valley of) Aven (Am 1:5+); also part of a compound name, Beth Aven, see 1077

226 I. אוֹן (ʾôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 202; TWOT 49a—1. LN 76 power, strength, vigor, i.e., energy exerted to a degree that it controls its environment and/or those around it (Job 18:7; 40:16; Pr 11:7; Isa 40:26, 29+); 2. LN 76 manhood, vigor, strength, i.e., the virility of a male related to siring children (Ge 49:3; Dt 21:17; Ps 78:51; 105:36+); 3. LN 57.25–57.35 wealth, possessions, i.e., an abundance of possessions relative to the society making one rich (Job 20:10; Hos 12:9[EB 8]+); 4. LN 9.24–9.33 man, formally, strength, i.e., a male that is fully mature and healthy (Hos 12:4[EB 3]+), note: another interp of Job 18:7 and Pr 11:7 as 224

227 II. אוֹן (ʾôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 203;—LN 93-pers. (male) On: of Reuben (Nu 16:1+), see also 228

228 III. אוֹן (ʾôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 204; TWOT 121—LN 93-place (loc.) On: Egyptian religious center, 10 mi. NNE of modern Cairo (Ge 41:45, 50; 46:20+), note: in Eze 30:17, see also 225, 2239

229 אוֹנוֹ (ʾô·nô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 207;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ono: coastal-plain town in Benjamin (1Ch 8:12; Ezr 2:33; Ne 6:2; 7:37; 11:35+)

230 אוֹנִי (ʾô·nî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 205; TWOT 48a—LN 52 mourner, i.e., a person who performs mourning rituals for the burial of the dead, ceremonially unclean when they come in contact with the dead (Hos 9:4+), note: Dt 26:14, see 627 (qal)

אוֹנִי (ʾô·nî): n.pr. [served by 230 and 1204]; ≡ Str 205; TWOT 48a—LN 93-pers. (male) Oni: part of a compound name, Ben-Oni, see 1204, see also 230

אוניות (ʾwnywt) BDB: see 641 (2Ch 8:18)

אוֹנִיּוֹת (ʾô·niy·yôṯ) Holladay: see 641 (2Ch 8:18)

אוֹנִים (ʾô·nîm) Holladay: see 224, 226, 230

231 אוֹנָם (ʾô·nām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 208;—LN 93-pers. (male) Onam: 1. of Esau, grandson of Seir (Ge 36:23; 1Ch 1:40+) 2. of Judah, a Jerahmeelite (1Ch 2:26, 28+)

232 אוֹנָן (ʾô·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 209;—LN 93-pers. (male) Onan: son of Judah (Ge 38:4, 8, 9; 46:12; Nu 26:19; 1Ch 2:3+)

233 אוּפָז (ʾû·p̄āz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 210;—LN 93-place (loc.) Uphaz: place known for its fine gold (Jer 10:9; Da 10:5+)

234 I. אוֹפִיר (ʾô·p̄îr): n.pr. [see also 234.5]; ≡ Str 211; TWOT 50—LN 93-place (loc.) Ophir: land occupied by the descendants of Ophir (1Ki 9:28; 10:11; 22:49[EB 48]; 1Ch 29:4; 2Ch 8:18; 9:10; Job 28:16; Ps 45:10[EB 9]; Isa 13:12+), see also 235

אוֹפִיר (ʾô·p̄îr): n.[masc.] [served by 234]; ≡ Str 211; TWOT 50—LN 2.49–2.62 gold of Ophir, i.e., a precious metal, possibly with a focus on being very good quality (Job 22:24+)

235 II. אוֹפִיר (ʾô·p̄îr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 211; TWOT 50—LN 93-pers. (male) Ophir: of Shem (Ge 10:29; 1Ch 1:23+), see also 234

236 אוֹפַן (ʾô·p̄ǎn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 212; TWOT 146a—1. LN 6.52–6.53 wheel of vehicle, i.e., the essential circular, spinning hoops that make a military chariot or a transport cart go (Ex 14:25; Na 3:2+); 2. LN 6.215–6.225 decorative wheel, i.e., that which looks similar to a wheel of a vehicle, but for decoration only (1Ki 7:30–33 passim+); 3. LN 6.4–6.9 threshing wheel, i.e., a farming device for removing chaff from the grain (Pr 20:26; Isa 28:27+); 4. LN 15.1–15.17 wheels in a vision, i.e., implying linear movement (Eze 1:15–21 passim; 3:13; 10:6–19 passim; 11:22+)

אוֹפָן (ʾô·p̄ān) BDB: see 236

אוץ (ʾwṣ): see 237

237 אוּץ (ʾûṣ): v.; ≡ Str 213; TWOT 51—1. LN 88.93–88.99 (qal) be in haste, i.e., behave or react to circumstance in a way that is senseless as an extension of the meaning or hurrying or running without purpose (Pr 19:2; 21:5; 29:20+); 2. LN 25.68–25.79 (qal) be eager, energetic, willing, engage in an activity with prudent vigor and excitement (Pr 28:20; Jer 17:16+); 3. LN 33.319–33.322 (qal) insist, i.e., speak in a forceful, even stern way (Ex 5:13+); 4. LN 33.299–33.306 (hif) urge, insist upon, i.e., speak in a pressing, urgent, insistent way that encourages better or right behavior (Ge 19:15; Isa 22:4+); 5. LN 79.123–79.128 (qal) be small, narrow, i.e., be of a small geographical size (Jos 17:15+); 6. LN 67.118–67.135 unit: (qal) לֹא אוּץ (lō(ʾ) ʾûṣ) delay, i.e., to extend a period of time which normally passes at a certain rate (Jos 10:13+)

238 אוֹצָר (ʾô·ṣār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 214; TWOT 154a—1. LN 7.26–7.53 treasury room, storeroom, i.e., a storage vault which holds valuables, a building or part of a larger building (Jos 6:19); 2. LN 88.66–88.74 storehouse, i.e., the figurative extension of blessing and prosperity (Dt 28:12); 3. LN 5.1–5.22 food supplies (1Ch 27:28; 2Ch 11:11; Pr 21:20); 4. LN 7.63–7.76 vat for wine (1Ch 27:27); 5. LN 7.26–7.53 storeroom for food (Ne 13:12); 6. LN 55.1 arsenal room, magazine room (Jer 50:25); 7. LN 65.1–65.16 riches, treasures, wealth (1Ki 14:26; Pr 10:2; 15:16; 21:6; Jer 48:7; 49:4); 8. LN 1.5–1.16 storehouse of common elements, regions above the earth (Job 38:22); 9. LN 65.1–65.16 unit: אוֹצָר חֹשֶׁךְ (ʾô·ṣār ḥō·šěḵ) treasures of darkness, i.e., a figurative extension for the wealth of Babylon (Isa 45:3)

I. אוֹר (ʾôr): see 239

239 I. אוֹר (ʾôr): v.; ≡ Str 215; TWOT 52—1. LN 14.36–14.52 (qal) shine (Jer 31:35); (nif) shine, i.e., be in a state of light (Job 33:30); (hif) give light, shine, light up, i.e., shine forth light rays from a source or a reflective source, sufficient to see and heat (Ge 1:15), note: Ps 76:5[EB 4], see 5534.5, note: Ge 44:3; Jer 31:35; 1Sa 29:10, see also 240; 2. LN 24.42 (hif) give sight, i.e., cause the eyes to see (Pr 29:13); 3. LN 58.14–58.18 (qal) be bright (1Sa 14:27, 29); (hif) brighten, i.e., cause the countenance of a face or eyes which beams health, joy, peace, etc. (Ecc 8:1); 4. LN 14.63–14.73 (hif) build a fire, i.e., cause wood to burn, with a possible focus on the light it exudes (Isa 27:11; Mal 1:10); 5. LN 22.42–22.47 unit: אוֹר פָּנֶה (ʾôr pā·ně(h)) look with favor, formally, make face shine, i.e., a request for favorable circumstances, and relief from trouble and danger (Nu 6:25; Ps 31:17[EB 16]; 67:2[EB 1]; 80:4[EB 3],8[EB 7],20[EB 19]; 119:135; Da 9:17+)

240 II. אוֹר (ʾôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 216; TWOT 52a—1. LN 14.36–14.52 light, i.e., that which is contrasted to darkness (Ge 1:3), note: in some contexts with the associative meaning of guidance, health, life, prosperity, enlightened judgment, and other positive things; 2. LN 1.26–1.33 sun, i.e., the orb in the daytime sky giving bright light and heat (Job 37:21); 3. LN 14.36–14.52 sunshine, light of day, i.e., daylight in contrast to the dark of night (2Ki 7:9); 4. LN 14.15–14.16 lightning, i.e., the bright, destructive spikes that precede thunder (Hos 6:5); 5. LN 67.73–67.77 unit: אוֹר הַ־ בֹּקֶר (ʾôr hǎ- bō·qěr)2 dawn, i.e., the time when light of day first appears (Jdg 16:2), note: Ge 44:3; Jer 31:35; 1Sa 29:10 may be interp as 239, q.v.; 6. LN 58.14–58.18 unit: אוֹר פָּנֶה (ʾôr pā·ně(h)) bright countenance, formally, light of the face, i.e., an appearance of the face that shows positive, happy attitude (Job 29:24; Pr 16:15); 7. LN 22.42–22.47 unit: אוֹר פָּנֶה (ʾôr pā·ně(h)) favor, formally, light of the face, i.e., favorable circumstances, and relief from trouble and danger (Ps 4:7[EB 6]; 44:4[EB 3])

241 I. אוּר (ʾûr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 217; TWOT 52d—1. LN 2.3–2.6 fire, i.e., a heap of burning material (Isa 31:9; 47:14; Eze 5:2+); 2. LN 14.36–14.52 firelight, i.e., light at nighttime from the source of a fire (Isa 44:16; 50:11+); 3. LN 82.1–82.6 east, formally, the region of light, i.e., the direction of the rising sun (Isa 24:15+), see 797 for alt. lex. form

242 II. אוּר (ʾûr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 224; TWOT 52e—LN 6.215–6.225 the Urim, i.e., a device to make known God’s decisions (Ex 28:30; Lev 8:8; Nu 27:21; Dt 33:8; 1Sa 28:6; Ezr 2:63; Ne 7:65+), note: it was attached to the breastpiece of the priest, attached to the area over the heart. The etymological information of “lights and perfections” may suggest shining precious stones. One observes as well that Urim in 1Sa 28:6 is mentioned between two verbal and detailed forms of revelation by God. So it is at least possible that the Urim did not exclusively give a “yes” or “no” answer

243 III. אוּר (ʾûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 218;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ur: home of Abram in southern Mesopotamia (Ge 11:28, 31; 15:7; Ne 9:7+)

244 IV. אוּר (ʾûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 218;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ur: father of a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:35+)

245 I. אוֹרָה (ʾô·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 219; TWOT 52b—1. LN 14.36–14.52 (NIV, NASB) morning light, i.e., light compared to the darkness of night, which can make dew sparkle (Ps 139:12; Isa 26:19+), note: RSV, NRSV, NEB, REB, NJB, NAB translate Isa 26:19 as “radiance” or “sparkling light;” for another interp see 246; 2. LN 22.42–22.47 happiness, formally, morning light, i.e., a time of serenity, cheerfulness, prosperity and other favorable circumstance compared to times of trouble (Est 8:16+)

246 II. אוֹרָה (ʾô·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 219; TWOT 52b—LN 3.13–3.32 (Holladay, KJV, NKJV, ASV, Tanakh) herb, a plant which is edible and tasty (2Ki 4:39; Isa 26:19+), for another interp in Isa., see 245; note: Holladay identifies in 2Ki 4:39 as a “light plant” Malva rotundifolia

אֲוֵרָה (ʾǎwē·rā(h)): see 246.5

אֲוֵרוֹת (ʾǎwē·rôṯ): n.fem.pl. [served by 774]; ≡ Str 219; TWOT 52b—LN 7.63–7.76 animal stalls, stable, i.e., holding and feeding pen for small mammals (2Ch 32:28b+), note: for NIV text, see 774

247 אוּרִי (ʾû·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 221;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uri: 1. father of artisan Bezalel (Ex 31:2; 35:30; 38:22; 1Ch 2:20; 2Ch 1:5+) 2. see also 788 3. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:24+)

248 אוּרִיאֵל (ʾû·rî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 222;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uriel: 1. of Levi by Kohath (1Ch 6:9[EB 24]; 15:5, 11+) 2. father of King Abijah’s mother (2Ch 13:2+)

249 אוּרִיָּה (ʾû·riy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 223;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uriah: 1. Hittite husband of Bathsheba (2Sa 11:3–12:15 passim; 23:39; 1Ki 15:5; 1Ch 11:41+) 2. a priest in Isaiah’s day (Isa 8:2+) 3. head priest in Ahaz’sing. time (2Ki 16:10, 11,15, 16+), note: some say same as 3. 4. see also 250 5. father of Meremoth (Ezr 8:33; Ne 3:4, 21+) 6. one who stood with Ezra (Ne 8:4+), note: some say same as 5., see also 250

250 אוּרִיָּהוּ (ʾû·riy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 223;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uriahu (Uriah NIV): prophet, son of Shemaiah (Jer 26:20, 21, 23+), see also 249

251 אוּרִים (ʾû·rîm): n.masc.—see 242

אַוַרְנָה (ʾǎ·wǎr·nā(h)) Holladay: see 779

אֲוַרְנָה (ʾǎwǎr·nā(h)) BDB: see 779

אות (ʾwt): see 252

252 אוּת (ʾûṯ): v.; ≡ Str 225; TWOT 53—LN 33.278–33.280 (nif) consent, give assent, i.e., agree to something, with or without a condition (quid pro quo) as its basis (Ge 34:15, 22, 23; 2Ki 12:9[EB 8]+)

253 I. אוֹת (ʾôṯ): n.masc. and fem. [see also 254]; ≡ Str 226; TWOT 41a—1. LN 33.476–33.489 sign, mark, i.e., a non-verbal symbol or signal which has meaning, either as a crafted, or natural object (Ge 1:14; 4:15); 2. LN 6.54–6.67 banner, standard, flag, i.e., an ornamental piece of cloth on the end of a staff or pole as a leader’s signal for it’sing. followers (Nu 2:2; Ps 74:4+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489; note: possibly this is a figurine on a pole as a signal and not a cloth signal; 3. LN 33.476–33.489 miracle, wonder, sign, i.e., a mighty act. of God which gives a message of wonder or terror (Ex 4:8, 9, 17, 28, 30; 7:3; 8:19[EB 23]; 10:1, 2; Nu 14:11, 22; Dt 4:34; 6:22; 7:19; 11:3; 13:2[EB 1],3[EB 2]; 26:8; 28:46; 29:2[EB 3]; 34:11; Jos 24:17; Jdg 6:17; Ne 9:10; 2Ki 20:8, 9; Ps 65:9[EB 8]; 74:9; 78:43; 105:27; 135:9; Isa 38:7; Jer 32:20, 21+), note: a false wonder in Isa 44:25; 4. LN 28.28–28.56 example, illustration, formally, sign, i.e., an object which makes something clearly known (Eze 14:8); 5. LN 38.14–38.20 account, formally, sign, i.e., a record of moral debits and credits for evaluating reward or recompense (Job 21:29), see also domain LN 57.226–57.231

254 II. אוֹת (ʾôṯ): pt. objective marker; ≡ Str 853; TWOT 186—see 906 not translated

255 אָז (ʾāz): adv.; ≡ Str 227; TWOT 54—1. LN 67.17–67.64 (as a temporal marker) at that time, meanwhile, i.e., a marker of time roughly proximate or simultaneous to another point in time (Ge 4:26), note: sometimes slight emphasis in poetry Ge 49:4; Ex 15:15; 2. LN 67.17–67.64 (as a temporal marker) then, after, i.e., a marker of time roughly after another point in time (Ex 12:44); 3. LN 89.39–89.54 (as a logical marker) then, therefore, i.e., a marker of the result of a prior “if” clause, often with emphasis (Isa 58:14); 4. LN 67.118–67.135 מִן אַז (min ʾǎz) since, from that time, from the past, already, i.e., a marker of the extent of time from a point of time in the past (Ex 4:10), note: in some contexts this entry is parsed as a preposition and conjunction

256 אֶזְבָּי (ʾěz·bāy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 229;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ezbai: father of a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:37+)

257 אֵזוֹב (ʾē·zôḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 231; TWOT 55—LN 3.26 hyssop, i.e., a plant, likely from the mint family, likely from the genus Origanum, with the associative meaning of cleansing and purging when used (Ex 12:22; Lev 14:4, 6, 49, 51, 52; Nu 19:6, 18; 1Ki 5:13[EB 4:33]; Ps 51:9[EB 7]+), note: not the European Hyssopus officinalis, but likely identified as Origanum maru, or another similar species of the oregano herb plant

258 אֵזוֹר (ʾē·zôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 232; TWOT 59a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 belt, sash, i.e., a band around the waist, made of either animal skin or cloth, assumedly with the robe, or covering underneath the belt or sash (2Ki 1:8; Isa 5:27; 11:5; Jer 13:1, 2, 4, 6, 7,10, 11; Eze 23:15+), note: some of these verses may also go under next entry; 2. LN 6.152–6.187 loincloth, i.e., a band of cloth around the waist, assumedly with no other cloth or dress underneath the sash or belt possibly with the associative meaning of being of low social status (Job 12:18+)

259 אֲזַי (ʾǎzǎy): adv.; ≡ Str 233; TWOT 54—LN 89.39–89.54 then, i.e., a marker of transition, a marker of the main clause in a conditional sentence (Ps 124:3, 4, 5+), note: not translated in NIV, but gives result to the “when” (בְּ־ (b)) clause

260 אַזְכָּרָה (ʾǎz·kā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 234; TWOT 551d—LN 53.16–53.27 memorial offering, i.e., the burned portion of the meal offering or bread offering as a memorial token of honor to the LORD (Lev 2:2, 9, 16; 5:12; 6:8[EB 15]; 24:7; Nu 5:26+)

אזל (ʾzl): see 261, 207.5, 6461.5

261 אָזַל (ʾā·zǎl): v.; ≡ Str 235; TWOT 56—1. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) go about, go away, i.e., to leave an area (Pr 20:14+); 2. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) be gone, disappear, i.e., to have a physical mass completely depleted and so no longer exists (1Sa 9:7; Job 14:11+); 3. LN 41.1–41.24 (qal) go about, i.e., have certain life conduct (Jer 2:36+), note: some parse this as 2361 “treat lightly”; note: for cj (pual) in Eze 27:19+, see 6466; 4. LN 23.78–23.87 (qal) אָזַל יָד (ʾā·zǎl yāḏ) be weak, formally, hand is gone, i.e., have strength leave a person and so be in a tired condition (Dt 32:36+)

262 אֶזֶל (ʾě·zěl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 237;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ezel: memorial place (1Sa 20:19+), note: for cj, see 4208

I. אזן (ʾzn): see 263

263 I. אָזַן (ʾā·zǎn): v.; ≡ Str 238; TWOT 57—1. LN 24.52–24.70 (hif) hear, perceive, respond, i.e., to have the normal faculty of hearing, with a focus that understanding is the result (Ps 135:17); 2. LN 32.1–32.10 (hif) listen, pay attention, give ear, i.e., understand what is said by another, with an implication that proper response will occur (Ge 4:23; Ps 5:2[EB 1]); 3. LN 36.12–36.30 (hif) obey, listen and respond, i.e., hear and respond appropriately to a communication (Ex 15:26; Dt 1:45); 4. LN 33.189–33.217 (hif) listen, i.e., to hear news, implying a response to the message (Isa 32:9); 5. LN 56.12–56.19 unit: (hif) אָזַן קוֹל ־ִי (ʾā·zǎn qôl i-y) a hearing, formally, he hears my voice, i.e., make a legal appeal (Job 9:16)

II. אזן (ʾzn): see 264

264 II. אָזַן (ʾā·zǎn): v.; ≡ Str 239; TWOT 58—LN 30.1–30.38 (piel) ponder, consider carefully, formally, weigh and test, i.e., to give serious thought to a subject with a focus that a structured, rational body of thought is the result as a figurative extension of weighing and testing the mass and quality of materials on scales, and giving other tests (Ecc 12:9+)

265 אֹזֶן (ʾō·zěn): n.fem.; ≡ Str 241; TWOT 57a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 ear, earlobe, i.e., a part of the body, external on the sides of the face (including the pinna and the earlobe) (Ex 32:3; Lev 8:23); 2. LN 24.52–24.70 hearing, formally, ear, i.e., the activity of hearing sounds, usually as meaningful sounds (Ge 23:10); 3. LN 36.12–36.30 listening, hearing, obedience, i.e., hear sounds with a special focus on responding appropriately to a situation, usually in obedience (Pr 4:20); 4. LN 33.189–33.217 unit: דָּבַר בְּ־ אֹזֶן (dā·ḇǎr b- ʾō·zěn) tell, speak, formally, speak in the ear, i.e., give information or announce to others a communication (Ex 11:2); 5. LN 83.23–83.32 unit: בְּ־ אֹזֶן (b- ʾō·zěn) before, to, near, in person, formally, in the ear, i.e., to be in proximity to another object, as in front of another (Jos 20:4; 1Sa 8:21; 2Sa 3:19); 6. LN 33.189–33.217 unit: גָּלָה אֵת אֹזֶן (gā·lā(h) ʾēṯ ʾō·zěn) tell, declare, formally, reveal to the ear, i.e., give information to another (1Sa 20:2); 7. LN 28.28–28.56 unit: גָּלָה אֵת אֹזֶן (gā·lā(h) ʾēṯ ʾō·zěn) reveal, inform, reveal to the ear, i.e., make something clear and known (1Sa 9:15); 8. LN 24.52–24.70 unit: בְּ־ אֹזֶן שָׁמַע (b- ʾō·zěn šā·mǎʿ) listen carefully, formally, hear in the ear, i.e., to use the faculty of hearing with great concentration (Eze 44:5)

266 אָזֵן (ʾā·zēn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 240; TWOT 57b—LN 6.4–6.9 digging tool, i.e., equipment or implement similar in function to a shovel or spade dirt (Dt 23:14[EB 13]+), note: though a digging tool, this may or may not be strictly an agricultural tool

267 אֻזֵּן שֶׁאֱרָה (ʾǔz·zēn šě·ʾěrā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 242;—LN 93-place (loc.) Uzzen Sheerah: town founded by daughter of Ephraim, possibly in area of Upper Beth Horon (1Ch 7:24+), see also 8641

268 אַזְנוֹת תָּבוֹר (ʾǎz·nôṯ tā·ḇôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 243;—LN 93-place (loc.) Aznoth Tabor: town of Naphtali (Jos 19:34+)

269 I. אָזְנִי (ʾāz·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 244;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ozni: of Gad (Nu 26:16a+), see also 270, see also 719(1.)

270 II. אָזְנִי (ʾāz·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 244;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Oznite: pertaining to Ozni (Nu 26:16b+), see also 269

271 אֲזַנְיָה (ʾǎzǎn·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 245;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azaniah: of Levi, signer of covenant (Ne 10:10[EB 9]+)

אֲזֵק (ʾǎzēq): see 272

272 אֲזִקִּים (ʾǎziq·qîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 246; TWOT 577b—LN 6.14–6.22 manacles, handcuffs, i.e., chains that bind the hands (Jer 40:1, 4+), see also 2414

אזר (ʾzr): see 273

273 אָזַר (ʾā·zǎr): v.; ≡ Str 247; TWOT 59—1. LN 49 (qal) bind, gird, i.e., place a belt or sash around a narrower part of the body (Job 30:18+), note: in Job, a bound sash around neck is potentially harmful or lethal; (qal pass.) be belted, be bound, i.e., have a belt or sash on as a part of the clothing activity (2Ki 1:8+); 2. LN 76 (qal) make strong, formally, arm or gird oneself, i.e., make another have strength as a figurative extension of having put on a warrior’s belt in preparation for battle (1Sa 2:4+); (piel) make strong (2Sa 22:40; Isa 45:5+); (niph) be strong, i.e., be in a state of strength (Ps 65:7[EB 6]+); (hitp) be strong (Ps 93:1+); 3. LN 55.2–55.6 (piel) cause to arm, i.e., help with war preparations, and so make necessary preparations for offensive or defensive battle (for oneself or another), as a figurative extension of putting on a leather belt that holds weapons (Ps 18:33[EB 32],40[EB 39]+); (hitp) prepare for war, formally, gird oneself (Isa 8:9+); 4. LN 13.69–13.103 (piel) state of being, formally, gird, clothe, i.e., be in a certain state or condition, as a figurative extension of putting on a belt or sash as part of the clothing process (Ps 30:12[EB 11]+), see also domain LN 49; 5. LN 57.71–57.124 (piel) provide oneself, formally, gird, i.e., place something at one’s own disposal (Isa 50:11+); 6. LN 27.55–27.60 unit: (qal) אָזַר (ʾā·zǎr) … חֲלָצַיִם (ḥǎlā·ṣǎ·yim) be mentally prepared, formally, gird the loins (Job 38:3; 40:7+), note: NIV translates “brace yourself”; 7. LN 49 unit: (qal) אָזַר מָתְנַיִם (ʾā·zǎr māṯ·nǎ·yim) prepare for movement, formally, bind the loins, i.e., tuck the end of a tunic into the belt and so be prepared to walk, run, or work (Jer 1:17+), note: for MT text in 2Sa 22:33, see 5057

274 אֶזְרוֹעַ (ʾěz·rôaʿ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 248; TWOT 583b—1. LN 8.9–8.69 arm, i.e., a part of the body from the shoulder joint to the end of the hand (Job 31:22+); 2. LN 76 strength, power, formally, arm, i.e., that which has potency to do something, as a figurative extension of the arm of the body (Jer 32:21+), see also 2432; note: see also domain LN 74

275 אֶזְרָח (ʾěz·rāḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 249; TWOT 580b—1. LN 11.55–11.89 native, native-born person, i.e., one who is not of the class of an alien or foreigner, and so a citizen with more social rights (Ex 12:19, 48, 49; Lev 16:29; 17:15; 18:26; 19:34; 23:42; 24:16, 22; Nu 9:14; 15:13, 29, 30; Jos 8:33; Eze 47:22+); 2. LN 2.14–2.28 native soil, i.e., what is a proper soil for a certain species of plant or tree (Ps 37:35)

276 אֶזְרָחִי (ʾěz·rā·ḥî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 250;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ezrahite: pertaining to Ethan and Heman (1Ki 5:11[EB 4:31]; Ps 88:1[EB title]; 89:1[EB title]+)

277 I. אָח (ʾāḥ): inj. [BDB: see also 332]; ≡ Str 253; TWOT 60—LN 91.6–91.12 (discourse markers) Alas!, Oh!, i.e., a marker of emphasis, pertaining to pain, despondency, or grief (Eze 6:11; 21:20[EB 15]+)

278 II. אָח (ʾāḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 251; TWOT 62a—1. LN 10.49–10.52 brother, i.e., a full male sibling with the same mother and father (Ge 4:2); 2. LN 10.49–10.52 half-brother, i.e., a brother with the same father, different mothers (Ge 37:4); 3. LN 10.49–10.52 blood relative, i.e., a person of the same close clan family, such as an uncle or aunt, or offspring of same (Ge 9:25; 14:14); 4. LN 10.1–10.13 relative, i.e., a person in close clan association, who is not necessarily a direct blood relation (Ge 31:32); 5. LN 34.1–34.21 friend, associate, formally, brother, i.e., one in a very close association to another (Ge 29:4; 2Sa 1:26); 6. LN 11.55–11.89 countryman, fellow-kinsman, fellow, one’s own people, i.e., a member of the same race or nation (Ex 2:11; Lev 25:46); 7. LN 34.1–34.21 other things, formally, brother, i.e., an associated thing related to another (Eze 18:10), note: oth as 277; note: for another interp in Hos 13:15, see 286; 8. LN 64 like, formally, brother, i.e., that which is comparable or resembling to another (Job 30:29); 9. LN 92.26 unit: אִישׁ אֶל אָח ־ו (ʾîš ʾěl ʾāḥ w) to each other, to one another, among yourselves, formally, each to his brother, i.e., a marker of reciprocal reference (Ge 37:19; 42:21, 28; Ex 16:15; 25:20; 37:9; Nu 14:4; 2Ki 7:6; Jer 13:14; 23:35; 25:26; Eze 24:23+); 10. LN 58.31–58.35 unit: אִישׁ ךְּ־ אָח ־ו (ʾîš k- ʾāḥ w) equally, formally, each as his brother, i.e., pertaining to that which is the same in amount or kind (Lev 7:10; Eze 47:14+), note: see also 288, 295, note: 1Ch 7:34, common noun as proper name, see 306; note: for common noun as proper in MT in 1Ch 26:20, see 308

אָח (ʾāḥ) BDB: see 279

279 אַח (ʾǎḥ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 254; TWOT 66a—LN 6.118–6.151 firepot, brazier, pot, pan, i.e., a container which holds a fire or burning coals (Jer 36:22, 23+), note: made of either clay or metals

280 אֹחַ (ʾōaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 255; TWOT 65a—LN 4.1–4.37 howling creature, i.e., an animal that inhabits deserted, uninhabited places, likely a dog-like creature that howls (Isa 13:21+), note: very widely interpreted: doleful creature (KJV, ASV), howling creature (RSV, NRSV); (eagle) owl (NASB, NKJV, NJB, NAB, KB); porcupine (NEB, REB); wild dog (NCV), jackal (NIV, BDB), Hyena (Holladay). note: ety. suggests a howling creature of some type, context may best suggest a creature similar to a jackal or wild dog

281 אַחְאָב (ʾǎḥ·ʾāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 256;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahab: 1. a king of Israel (1Ki 16:28–22:52[EB 51] passim; 2Ki 1:1–10:30 passim; 2Ch 18:1ff passim; 2Ch 21:6–22:8 passim; Mic 6:16) 2. son of Kolaiah, a false prophet (Jer 29:21+), see also 282

282 אֶחָב (ʾě·ḥāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 256;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahab: son of Kolaiah, a false prophet (Jer 29:22+), see also 281(2.)

283 אַחְבָּן (ʾǎḥ·bān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 257;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahban: of Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:29+)

אחד (ʾḥd): see 284

284 אָחַד (ʾā·ḥǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 258; TWOT 605—LN 15.123–15.134 (hitp) (KJV) gather together, formally, unite oneself to an area (Eze 21:21[EB 16]+), note: in context, for a military maneuver, for another interp, see 2523

285 אֶחָד (ʾě·ḥāḏ): number [BDB: adj.num.]; ≡ Str 259; TWOT 61—1. LN 60.10 one, a, an, i.e., a cardinal number in contrast to more than one (Ge 2:21); 2. LN 60.46 first, i.e., an ordinal number, as the first in a series involving time, space, or set (Ge 2:11); 3. LN 60.67–60.74 one time, once, i.e., a single occurrence, possibly in some contexts to the exclusion of all other occurrences (Nu 14:15; Job 9:3; Ps 89:36[EB 35]); 4. LN 63.1–63.4 one, i.e., that which is united as one in contrast to separate parts (Ge 2:24; Dt 6:4); 5. LN 59.23–59.34 each, every, i.e., one as a part of a totality (Ex 36:30); 6. LN 92.11–92.25 certain one, i.e., a reference to a person which is not explicit, but only one reference (1Sa 1:1); 7. LN 58.47–58.53 only, i.e., one of a unique class or kind, and so distinctive (Jos 22:20; 1Ki 4:19; SS 6:9; Zec 14:9); 8. LN 61 unit: אֶחָד לְ־ אֶחָד (ʾě·ḥāḏ l- ʾě·ḥāḏ) one by one, i.e., a sequence of single units (Isa 27:12), note: cf. also 2522; note: the NIV text in Eze 42:4, see 4395; 9. LN 63.5–63.8 unit: שְׁכֶם אֶחָד (šeḵěm ʾě·ḥāḏ) in unity, formally, one shoulder, i.e., pertaining to serving in a unified or unanimous manner (Zep 3:9+), note: NIV translates “shoulder to shoulder,” see also domain LN 31.14–31.25

286 אָחוּ (ʾā·ḥû): n.masc.; ≡ Str 260; TWOT 63—LN 3.13–3.32 (coll.) reeds, i.e., a kind of river or marsh grass, apparently eatable for cows, needing much water in its environment (Ge 41:2, 18; Job 8:11+), note: in Hos 13:15 BDB, NASB, RSV, NRSV, NEB, Tanakh, translates “reed;” other versions translate as 278

287 אֵחוּד (ʾē·ḥûḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 261;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ehud: of Benjamin, a delivering judge of Israel (1Ch 8:6+), see also 179

אַחְוָה (ʾǎḥ·wā(h)) BDB, Lisowsky: n.fem.—see 289 alt. lex. form

288 I. אַחֲוָה (ʾǎ·ḥǎwā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 264; TWOT 62b—LN 11.1–11.11 close association, formally, brotherhood, i.e., a close association or group based on common factors, including social, religious, political, or racial (Zec 11:14+), see also 278, 295; note: see also domain LN 34.31–34.39

289 II. אַחֲוָה (ʾǎ·ḥǎwā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 262; TWOT 618a—LN 33.189–33.217 declaration, what is said, i.e., speaking forth something with a focus on the content of what is said (Job 13:17+)

290 אָחוּז (ʾā·ḥûz): n.[masc.] [oth qal ptcp.pass. of 296]; ≡ Str 270; TWOT 64—LN 7.26–7.53 support, springer, i.e., the base or foundation of a wall or arch as a part of building (Eze 41:6+)

291 אֲחוֹחַ (ʾǎḥôaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 265;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahoah: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:4+)

292 אֲחוֹחִי (ʾǎḥô·ḥî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 266;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) 1. Ahohi (2Sa 23:9+), note: in this verse “son of Ahohi” equal “Ahohite,” see next; note: oth make all references gentilic. 2. Ahohite: pertaining to Ahohi, a designation of Dodai (2Sa 23:28; 1Ch 11:12, 29; 27:4+)

293 אֲחוּמַי (ʾǎḥû·mǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 267;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahumai: of Judah (1Ch 4:2+)

294 אָחוֹר (ʾā·ḥôr): n.[masc.] [see also 294.5]; ≡ Str 268; TWOT 68d—1. LN 8.9–8.69 back, i.e., a part of the body in contrast to the front side of a body with a face, and so have an associative meaning of a lesser association (Ex 33:23; Isa 1:4; Eze 8:16+), note: some parse Isa 1:4; Eze 8:16 as adv. of 294.5; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 hindquarter, i.e., the back part of a four-legged animal (1Ki 7:25; 2Ch 4:4+); 3. LN 82.1–82.6 west, i.e., a compass direction opposite to the rising of the sun (Job 23:8; Isa 9:11[EB 12]+), note: some parse Job 23:8 as adv. of 294.5; 4. LN 83.33–83.41 the rear, i.e., an area of a space, contrasted to the front of a space (Ex 26:12+); 5. LN 88.83–88.92 unit: בְּ־ אָחוֹר (b- ʾā·ḥôr) under control, formally, from behind, i.e., pertaining to not acting out any negative emotion or anger, as a figurative extension of being in the rear (defensive?) area of a space (Pr 29:11+); 6. LN 67.118–67.135 unit: לְ־ אָחוֹר (l- ʾā·ḥôr) future, i.e., an indefinite duration of time in the forward time (Isa 41:23; 42:23+)

אָחוֹר (ʾā·ḥôr): adv. [served by 294]; ≡ Str 268; TWOT 68d—1. see 294 ; 2. LN 83.33–83.41 back, backward, behind, i.e., pertaining to a position which is “behind,” relative to another position (Ge 49:17); 3. LN 34.22–34.30 backsliding, formally, back, i.e., pertaining to a state of little or no association compared to a prior association, as a figurative extension of being in a back location and not a forward location (Jer 15:6); 4. LN 84.1–84.15 unit: מִן אָחוֹר (min ʾā·ḥôr) from behind, i.e., pertaining to an extension from a source to a rear area (2Sa 10:9)

295 אָחוֹת (ʾā·ḥôṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 269; TWOT 62c—1. LN 10.49–10.52 sister, i.e., a full female sibling with the same father and mother (Ge 4:22); 2. LN 10.49–10.52 half-sister, i.e., a female sibling with one parent in common (Ge 20:12; Lev 18:9); 3. LN 10.49–10.52 blood-relative, i.e., a female relative in the same close clan-family (Ge 24:60); 4. LN 25.33–25.58 beloved, formally, sister, i.e., a person for whom one has affection (SS 4:12; Jer 22:18); 5. LN 92.26 unit: אִשָּׁה אֶל אָחוֹת ־ָה (ʾiš·šā(h) ʾěl ʾā·ḥôṯ ā-(h)) to each other, to one another, together, formally, each to his sister, i.e., a marker of reciprocal reference, with a focus on close proximity (Ex 26:3,5, 6, 17; Eze 1:9, 23; 3:13+), note: see also 278, 288

I. אחז (ʾḥz): see 296

296 I. אָחַז (ʾā·ḥǎz): v.; ≡ Str 270; TWOT 64—1. LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) grasp, seize, hold, take hold of an object (Ge 25:26); (qal pass.) be seized (Ecc 9:12); (nif) be caught (Ge 22:13); 2. LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) fasten, i.e., place an object securely to another object (1Ki 6:6); (qal pass.) be fastened (Est 1:6); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) be in a state, hold to, be in, embrace, formally, seized by, i.e., be in a certain state as a figurative extension of being grasped as an object by a greater force (2Sa 1:9; Job 17:9; Ecc 2:3); 4. LN 15.156–15.157 (qal) closely follow, formally, seize, i.e., follow a person in (Job 23:11), note: in context this refers a pattern of obedient behavior, see also domain LN 41.29–41.43; 5. LN 57.55–57.70 (nif) acquire, possess, i.e., to obtain a possession by purchase or inheritance (Ge 34:10); 6. LN 30.86–30.107 (qal pass.) be drawn by lot, i.e., have a choice made by lot (Nu 31:30, 47; 1Ch 24:6), note: SS 3:8, see also 298.5; note: some sources overlap definitions with 297 in some contexts; note: Eze 41:6, see also 290

II. אחז (ʾḥz): see 297

297 II. אָחַז (ʾā·ḥǎz): v.; ≡ Str 270; TWOT 64—1. LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) attach, i.e., fasten one object to another (1Ki 6:10+); (hof) be attached (2Ch 9:18+), note: other sources translate as “cover, panel,” see also domain LN 79.114–79.117; 2. LN 79.114–79.117 (piel) cover, i.e., place one object over another, to hide, cover, or protect (Job 26:9+), note: see also 296

298 אָחָז (ʾā·ḥāz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 271;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahaz: 1. king of Judah (2Ki 15:38–16:20; 2Ch 28:1–27; Isa 1:1; 7:1; 14:28; 38:8; Hos 1:1; Mic 1:1) 2. son of Micah (1Ch 8:35, 36; 1Ch 9:42+, note: 1Ch 9:41 NIV adds “Ahaz.”)

אָחֻז (ʾā·ḥǔz) Lisowsky: adj. [oth qal pass.]—see 296 (SS 3:8+)

299 אֲחֻזָּה (ʾǎḥǔz·zā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 272; TWOT 64a—1. LN 57.1–57.21 property, possession, i.e., land, persons, or objects which is owned by another through purchase, gift, or inheritance (Ge 47:11; Lev 25:45), note: for focus on the status of a slave, see LN 87.76–87.86; 2. LN 80.1–80.4 site, place, i.e., an area of any size, with a focus that this area belongs to a certain one (Ge 50:13)

300 אַחְזַי (ʾǎḥ·zǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 273;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahzai: priest (Ne 11:13+)

301 אֲחַזְיָה (ʾǎḥǎz·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 274;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahaziah: 1. a king of Judah (2Ki 9:16, 23, 27, 29; 11:2+), see also 302 2. king of northern kingdom of Israel, son of Ahab (2Ki 1:2; 2Ch 20:35+); see also 3370

302 אֲחַזְיָהוּ (ʾǎḥǎz·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 274;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahaziahu (Ahaziah NIV): 1. a king of Judah (2Ch 22:1–11 passim), see also 301(1.); see also 3370 2. king of northern kingdom of Israel, son of Ahab (1Ki 22:40), see also (2.), note: for MT text in 2Ch 22:6, see 6482

303 אֲחֻזָּם (ʾǎḥǔz·zām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 275;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahuzzam: of Judah (1Ch 4:6+)

304 אֲחֻזַּת (ʾǎḥǔz·zǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 276;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahuzzath: of Gerar (Ge 26:26+)

אֲחֹחִי (ʾǎḥō·ḥî) Holladay, BDB: see 292 (2Sa 23:9, 28)

305 אֵחִי (ʾē·ḥî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 278;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ehi: of Benjamin (Ge 46:21+)

306 אֲחִי (ʾǎḥî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 277;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahi: 1. of Gad (1Ch 5:15+) 2. (KJV, NIV) of Shomer (or Shemer) (1Ch 7:34+), note: some translate as “his brother,” see 278

307 אֲחִיאָם (ʾǎḥî·ʾām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 279;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahiam: great warrior for King David (2Sa 23:33; 1Ch 11:35+)

308 אֲחִיָּה (ʾǎḥiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 281;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahijah: 1. of Judah (1Ch 2:25) 2. a great warrior for King David (1Ch 11:36) 3. treasury keeper (1Ch 26:20), note: for NIV text, see 278 4. a prophet (1Ki 11:29, 30; 14:2, 4), see also 309 5. father of Baasha (1Ki 15:27) 6. a leader under Nehemiah, spelled Ahiah in NIV (Ne 10:27[EB 26]+)

309 אֲחִיָּהוּ (ʾǎḥiy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 281;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahijahu (Ahijah NIV): prophet (1Ki 14:4, 5, 6, 18; 2Ch 10:15+), see also 308(4.)

310 אֲחִיהוּד (ʾǎḥî·hûḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 282;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahihud: of Benjamin (Nu 34:27+)

311 אַחְיוֹ (ʾǎḥ·yô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 283;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahio: 1. son of Abinadab (2Sa 6:3, 4; 1Ch 13:7+) 2. uncle of Saul (1Ch 8:31; 9:37+) 3. another of Benjamin (1Ch 8:14+), note: the LXX translates this n.pr. as 278, see BHS ftn

אָחְיוֹ (ʾāḥ·yô) Holladay: see 311

312 אֲחִיחֻד (ʾǎḥî·ḥǔḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 284;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahihud: another of Benjamin (1Ch 8:7+)

313 אֲחִיטוּב (ʾǎḥî·ṭûḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 285;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahitub: 1. of Phineas (1Sa 14:3) 2. of Ahimelech (1Sa 22:9), note: possibly same as 1 3. father of Zadok, David’s priest (2Sa 8:17), note: possibly same as 4 4. The grandfather of Zadok, the priest of David (1Ch 9:11), note: the delineation of these persons is obscure in some verses

314 אֲחִילוּד (ʾǎḥî·lûḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 286;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahilud: 1. father of a recorder Jehoshaphat (2Sa 8:16; 20:24; 1Ki 4:3; 1Ch 18:15+) 2. father of Baana (1Ki 4:12+)

315 אֲחִימוֹת (ʾǎḥî·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 287;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahimoth: of Levi, of Kohath (1Ch 6:10[EB 25]+), cf. also 4744(1.)

316 אֲחִימֶלֶךְ (ʾǎḥî·mě·lěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 288;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahimelech: 1. priest at Nob (1Sa 21:2) 2. a Hittite soldier (1Sa 26:6) 3. son of the Abiathar (2Sa 8:17; 1Ch 24:3, 6, 31), note: for MT text in 1Ch 18:16 see 43(3.)

317 אֲחִימַן (ʾǎḥî·mǎn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 289;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahiman: 1. son of Anak (Nu 13:22; Jos 15:14; Jdg 1:10+) 2. a gatekeeper (1Ch 9:17+)

318 אֲחִימַעַץ (ʾǎḥî·mǎ·ʿǎṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 290;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahimaaz: 1. father-in-law of King Saul (1Sa 14:50+) 2. informant for David, son of Zadok (2Sa 15:27, 36) 3. son-in-law of King Solomon (1Ki 4:15+), note: some relate to 1.

אֲחִימָעַץ (ʾǎḥî·mā·ʿǎṣ) Holladay: see 318

319 אַחְיָן (ʾǎḥ·yān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 291;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahian: of Manasseh (1Ch 7:19+)

320 אֲחִינָדָב (ʾǎḥî·nā·ḏāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 292;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahinadab: Solomon’s food officer (1Ki 4:14+)

321 אֲחִינֹעַם (ʾǎḥî·nō·ʿǎm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 293;—LN 93-pers. (female) Ahinoam: 1. wife of Saul (1Sa 14:50+) 2. wife of David (1Sa 25:43; 27:3; 30:5; 2Sa 2:2; 3:2; 1Ch 3:1+)

322 אֲחִיסָמָךְ (ʾǎḥî·sā·māḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 294;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahisamach: of Dan (Ex 31:6; 35:34; 38:23+)

323 אֲחִיעֶזֶר (ʾǎḥî·ʿě·zěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 295;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahiezer: 1. of Dan (Nu 1:12; 2:25; 7:66, 71; 10:25+) 2. a great warrior for King David (1Ch 12:3+)

324 אֲחִיקָם (ʾǎḥî·qām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 296;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahikam: minister of King Josiah (2Ki 22:12, 14; 25:22; 2Ch 34:20; Jer 26:24; 39:14; 40:5–41:18 passim; 43:6+)

325 אֲחִירָם (ʾǎḥî·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 297;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahiram: of Benjamin (Nu 26:38+), see also 326; note: also cf. 341

326 אֲחִירָמִי (ʾǎḥî·rā·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 298;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ahiramite: pertaining to a clan of Benjamin (Nu 26:38+), see also 325; note: some relate 1Ch 8:1 to 341

327 אֲחִירַע (ʾǎḥî·rǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 299;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahira: of Naphtali (Nu 1:15; 2:29; 7:78, 83; 10:27+)

328 אֲחִישָׁחַר (ʾǎḥî·šā·ḥǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 300;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahishahar: of Benjamin (1Ch 7:10+)

329 אֲחִישָׁר (ʾǎḥî·šār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 301;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahishar: palace official of Solomon (1Ki 4:6+)

330 אֲחִיתֹפֶל (ʾǎḥî·ṯō·p̄ěl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 302;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahithophel: traitorous counselor of David (2Sa 15:12–17:23 passim; 23:34; 1Ch 27:33, 34+)

331 אַחְלָב (ʾǎḥ·lāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 303;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ahlab: (of Asher, N of Tyre (Jdg 1:31+), see also 4699

אַחְלַי (ʾǎḥ·lǎy) Lisowsky: inj.—see 332

332 אַחֲלַי (ʾǎ·ḥǎlǎy): inj. [BDB: subst. + ֲ + 1cs.suff.; see also 277]; ≡ Str 305; TWOT 67a—LN 91 Oh that!; If only! (2Ki 5:3; Ps 119:5+), note: BDB notes that some treated the word like a noun “my wish”

333 אַחְלָי (ʾǎḥ·lāy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 304;—LN 93-pers. Ahlai: 1. (female) of Judah, daughter of Sheshan (1Ch 2:31+ cf. vs. 34) 2. (male) progenitor of Zabad, a great warrior for King David (1Ch 11:41+)

334 אַחְלָמָה (ʾǎḥ·lā·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 306; TWOT 67b—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: variously identified, (KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASB, NIV, RSV, NRSV, NJB, NAB) amethyst; (Lisowsky, NEB, REB, Holladay) (red or brown) jasper; (Tanakh) a crystal (Ex 28:19; 39:12+), note: exact identification not certain

335 אֲחַסְבַּי (ʾǎḥǎs·bǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 308;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahasbai: father of a great warrior for King David (2Sa 23:34+)

אחר (ʾḥr): see 336

336 אָחַר (ʾā·ḥǎr): v.; ≡ Str 309; TWOT 68—LN 67.118–67.135 (qal impf. 1cs.) remain, stay on, i.e., live in a certain place, implying a delay in leaving a place (Ge 32:5[EB 4]+), note: some sources repoint to hif; note: see also LN 85.67–85.85; (hif) take longer (2Sa 20:5 Q), note: for 2Sa 20:5 K, see 3508; (piel) delay, slow down, detain, linger, i.e., to extend a period of time, and so delay or hold back on an action (Ge 24:56; 34:19; Ex 22:28[EB 29]; Dt 7:10; 23:22[EB 21]; Jdg 5:28; Ps 40:18[EB 17]; 70:6[EB 5]; 127:2; Pr 23:30; Ecc 5:3[EB 4]; Isa 5:11; 46:13; Da 9:19; Hab 2:3+)

337 I. אַחֵר (ʾǎ·ḥēr): adj.; ≡ Str 312; TWOT 68a—1. LN 58.36–58.46 other, another, different, i.e., pertaining to one of the same kind or class of object, but distinct within that class (Ge 4:25; Ne 7:34); 2. LN 59.11–59.22 additional, more, extra, i.e., pertaining to a quantity of a collection or mass (Ge 8:10; 43:22); 3. LN 92.11–92.25 another, someone else, i.e., a referential to whom or what is spoken about (1Sa 17:30); 4. LN 67.17–67.64 next, following, i.e., pertaining to a point in time, subsequent to another point in time, but clearly implying an order (Ge 17:21; 2Ki 6:29; Ps 109:13; Joel 1:3)

338 II. אַחֵר (ʾǎ·ḥēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 313;—LN 93-pers. (male) Aher: of Benjamin (1Ch 7:12+)

אַחֵר (ʾǎ·ḥēr): p.—see 337

339 אַחַר (ʾǎ·ḥǎr): adv. [see also 339.3, 339.4, 339.5]; ≡ Str 310; TWOT 68b—1. LN 67.17–67.64 after, then, afterward, later, some time later, i.e., pertaining to a time subsequent to another time (Ge 18:5); 2. LN 83.33–83.41 back, behind, i.e., pertaining to a position which is “behind,” relative to another position (Ge 19:6); 3. LN 82.1–82.6 to the west, western, i.e., pertaining to a direction on the compass, opposing the direction of the rising sun (Jdg 18:12); 4. LN 15.156–15.157 unit: הָיָה אַחַר (hā·yā(h) ʾǎ·ḥǎr) follow, formally, be after, i.e., go after another person or group in a linear motion (1Sa 12:14)

אַחַר (ʾǎ·ḥǎr): prep. [served by 339]—see 339

אַחַר (ʾǎ·ḥǎr): c. [served by 339]—see 339

אַחַר (ʾǎ·ḥǎr): n.masc. [served by 339]; ≡ Str 310; TWOT 68b—LN 80.5–80.7 butt, end, i.e., the blunt end of a stick or pole as the end limit of a space (2Sa 2:23)

340 אַחֲרוֹן (ʾǎ·ḥǎrôn): adj.; ≡ Str 314; TWOT 68e—1. LN 83.33–83.41 back, behind, last, i.e., pertaining to a position which is “behind,” relative to another position, even the last position (Ge 33:2b); 2. LN 61 last, i.e., pertaining to being the last of a series of objects or events (Isa 48:12); 3. LN 67.65–67.72 end, i.e., pertaining to the last point of a period of time (1Ch 29:29); 4. LN 67.17–67.64 next, then, second, following, i.e., pertaining to a point in time, subsequent to another point in time, but clearly implying an order (Ex 4:8; Ps 78:4); 5. LN 82.1–82.6 western, to the west, i.e., pertaining to a direction on the compass, where the sun sets, and so the last place seen for the day (Dt 11:24; 34:2; Job 18:20; Joel 2:20)

אַחֲרוֹן (ʾǎ·ḥǎrôn): adv.—see 340

אַחֲרוֹנָה (ʾǎ·ḥǎrô·nā(h)): see 340

341 אַחְרַח (ʾǎḥ·rǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 315;—LN 93-pers. (male) Aharah: son of Benjamin (1Ch 8:1+), note: some relate to 325, 326

אַחְרַח (ʾǎḥ·rǎḥ) Holladay: see 341

אַחֲרַח (ʾǎ·ḥǎrǎḥ) BDB: see 341

342 אֲחַרְחֵל (ʾǎḥǎr·ḥēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 316;—LN 93-pers. (male) Aharhel: of Judah, son of Harum (1Ch 4:8+)

343 אַחֲרַי (ʾǎ·ḥǎrǎy): adv. [BDB: adj.]; ≡ Str 310; TWOT 68b—LN 67.17–67.64 in the end, afterward, i.e., pertaining to a period of time after another point of time (Pr 28:23+), note: BDB translates as an adjective “a backward man,” though most versions do not seem to support.

אַחֲרֵי (ʾǎ·ḥǎrê) Holladay: see 339

אַחֲרֵיכֵן (ʾǎ·ḥǎrê·ḵēn): see 339 + 4027

344 אַחֲרִית (ʾǎ·ḥǎrîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 319; TWOT 68f—1. LN 67.65–67.72 last, end, i.e., the last point of a period of time (Dt 11:12); 2. LN 67.118–67.135 future, i.e., a point in time future to the time of the discourse (Ge 49:1); 3. LN 10.14–10.48 descendant, i.e., one of a future generation (Ps 109:13; Da 11:4); 4. LN 65.52–65.57 least, i.e., an object of little importance (Jer 50:12); 5. LN 63.21–63.22 remainder, the rest, remnant, i.e., ones who are left over from a whole (Eze 23:25); 6. LN 80.5–80.7 far side, the other side, as a limit point of a space (Ps 139:9)

אַחֲרִית (ʾǎ·ḥǎrîṯ): adv.—see 344

345 אֲחֹרַנִּית (ʾǎḥō·rǎn·nîṯ): adv.; ≡ Str 322; TWOT 68d—1. LN 83.33–83.41 backwardly, i.e., pertaining to a motion in which one goes further from the front of an object or area (Ge 9:23; 1Sa 4:18; 2Ki 20:10, 11; Isa 38:8+); 2. LN 13.48–13.68 back again, i.e., pertaining to a return to a prior state of relationship as a figurative extension of returning to an original space or position (1Ki 18:37+)

346 אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפָּן (ʾǎḥǎš·dǎr·pān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 323; TWOT 69—LN 37.48–37.95 pl. satraps, governor, i.e., an administrative ruler over a province of the Persian Empire (Ezr 8:36; Est 3:12; 8:9; 9:3+)

אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנִים (ʾǎḥǎš·dǎr·penîm) Lisowsky, BDB: see 346

347 אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ (ʾǎḥǎš·wē·rôš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 325;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahasuerus (Xerxes NIV): king of Persia, also known as Xerxes I (Ezr 4:6; Est 1:1–10:3 passim; Da 9:1+)

348 אֲחַשֵׁרֹשׁ (ʾǎḥǎ·šē·rōš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 325;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ahasuerus: king of Persia (Est 10:1 K+), note: for Q, see 347

אֲחַשְׁרֵשׁ (ʾǎḥǎš·rēš) KB: see 348

349 אֲחַשְׁתָּרִי (ʾǎḥǎš·tā·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 326;—LN 93-pers. Ahashtari: part of a compound name Haahashtari, see 2028

350 אֲחַשְׁתְּרָן (ʾǎḥǎš·terān): adj.; ≡ Str 327; TWOT 70—LN 37.48–37.95 royal, i.e., pertaining to belonging to the king and his realm (Est 8:10, 14+)

אֲחַשְׁתְּרָנִים (ʾǎḥǎš·terā·nîm) Lisowsky: see 350

אַחַת (ʾǎ·ḥǎṯ) or אֶחָת (ʾě·ḥāṯ): see 285 number fem.

351 I. אַט (ʾǎṭ): adv.; ≡ Str 328; TWOT 72b—1. LN 88.66–88.74 gently, i.e., pertaining to acting mercifully and kindly in a potentially violent situation (2Sa 18:5+); 2. LN 25.146–25.155 gently, softly, i.e., pertaining to speaking words in a low tone and comforting manner (Job 15:11+); 3. LN 88.51–88.58 meekly, i.e., pertaining to acting in a way that convinces one of a subject’s humility and penitence, and also a depressed mood (1Ki 21:27+); 4. LN 67.118–67.135 slowly, i.e., pertaining to a pace of a mass or collections that is not comparably fast in consideration of its class or kind, and so extend a period of time (Ge 33:14; Isa 8:6+)

352 II. אַט (ʾǎṭ): v.—see 5742 hif impf. 1cs. (Job 23:11; Jer 15:6+)

אֵט (ʾēṭ) Lisowsky: see 351 alternate lexical form for Ge 33:14+

353 I. אָטָד (ʾā·ṭāḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 329; TWOT 71a—LN 3.13–3.32 thornbush, i.e., a bramble bush that does not produce a fruit or product, but was used for fire as brushwood (Jdg 9:14, 15; Ps 58:10[EB 9]+), note: Holladay specifically identifies as a boxthorn, Lycium europaeum

354 II. אָטָד (ʾā·ṭāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 329; TWOT 71a—LN 93-place (loc.) Atad: unknown place near Jordan (Ge 50:10, 11+)

אָטֻם (ʾā·ṭǔm): adj.; ≡ Str 329; TWOT 71a—LN 81.15–81.19 narrow, i.e., pertaining to being restricted in a space compared to a wide, broad space (1Ki 6:4; Eze 40:16; 41:16, 26+), note: for a parsing as a qal pass., see 357; note: some translate “framed.”

355 אֵטוּן (ʾē·ṭûn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 330; TWOT 73b—LN 6.152–6.187 linen, i.e., a fine cloth made from the processed fibers of the flax plant (Pr 7:16+)

356 אִטִּים (ʾiṭ·ṭîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 328; TWOT 72b—1. LN 12.1–12.42 (NASB, NIV, NRSV, Tanakh) spirits, ghosts, shades, i.e., disembodied dead persons consulted by the occult (Isa 19:3+); 2. LN 53.96–53.101 (most versions) necromancer, charmers, mutterers, wizards, i.e., ventriloquists or whisperers of charms, with a focus as one of a class of sorcerers consulting the occult and dead spirits (Isa 19:3+), note: context more likely associates the contextual meaning with “idol,” and so slightly favors the meaning “spirits.”

אטם (ʾṭm) BDB: see 357

357 אָטַם (ʾā·ṭǎm): v.; ≡ Str 331; TWOT 73—1. LN 24.52–24.70 unit: אָטַם אֹזֶן ־ֹו (ʾā·ṭǎm ʾō·zěn ō-w) (qal) ignore, not respond, formally, stop up one’s ears, i.e., to not listen and respond to a visual or audible situation (Ps 58:5[EB 4]; Pr 21:13; Isa 33:15+), note: some parse Ps 58:5[EB 4] as hif; 2. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: אָטַם שָׂפָה ־ו (ʾā·ṭǎm śā·p̄ā(h) w) (qal) keep silent, formally, hold one’s lip, i.e., to not speak or make a noise (Pr 17:28+); 3. LN 81.15–81.19 (qal pass.) be narrow (1Ki 6:4; Eze 40:16; 41:16, 26+), note: for qal pass. as an a, see 354.5

אטר (ʾṭr): see 358

358 אָטַר (ʾā·ṭǎr): v.; ≡ Str 332; TWOT 74—LN 79.110–79.113 (qal) close, i.e., shut off one area from another by means of a cover (Ps 69:16[EB 15]+)

359 אָטֵר (ʾā·ṭēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 333;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ater: 1. a clan head (Ezr 2:16; Ne 7:21+) 2. a gatekeeper (Ezr 2:42; Ne 7:45+) 3. a signer of covenant (Ne 10:18[EB 17]+), note: some note three as only one referent

360 אִטֵּר (ʾiṭ·ṭēr): adj.; ≡ Str 334; TWOT 74a—1. LN 18.12–18.23 bound, hindered, i.e., pertaining to being tied up or bound in some manner so as to restrict movement (Jdg 3:15; 20:16+); 2. LN 82.7–82.12 unit: אִטֵּר יָד יָמִין (ʾiṭ·ṭēr yāḏ yā·mîn)1 left-handed, formally, bound of the right, i.e., pertaining to using the left hand as a dominate hand for physical skills, as a spatial orientation (Jdg 3:15; 20:16+)

אַי (ʾǎy) BDB: see 361

361 אֵי (ʾê): adv. interrogative; ≡ Str 335; TWOT 75—1. LN 83.5–83.8 Where?, Which way?, i.e., an interrogative reference to a position (Ge 3:9); 2. LN 89.15–89.38 Why?, to what purpose, i.e., an interrogative of cause or reason (Jer 5:7)

362 I. אִי (ʾî): n.masc. [BDB: fem. in Isa 23:2+!]; ≡ Str 339; TWOT 39a—1. LN 1.60–1.68 island, i.e., a relatively small piece of land, surrounded by water (Isa 11:11), note: this land formation can be in a near or far position relative to the speaker; 2. LN 1.60–1.68 coastland, shores, i.e., a strip of land immediately between land and a body of water (Isa 20:6), note: dwellers on the coasts or islands refers to the Phoenician people

363 II. אִי (ʾî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 338; TWOT 43a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 carnivorous nocturnal mammal that howls, two are suggested, the hyena and the jackal (Isa 13:22; 34:14; Jer 50:39+), note: in Isa 13:22 if the parallelism is synonymous, then jackal is preferred; if synthetic, then hyena, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 12.1–12.42 spirit, ghost, goblin, i.e., a night demon or dead spirit (Isa 13:22; 34:14; Jer 50:39+), note: this would be one from the distant lands, i.e., referring to the nether worlds, see 362; note: context favors a howling creature of the animal kingdom

364 III. אִי (ʾî): adv.; ≡ Str 336; TWOT 77—LN 69.2–69.6 not, i.e., a marker that negates a statement (Job 22:30+)

365 IV. אִי (ʾî): inj.; ≡ Str 337; TWOT 76—LN 22.1–22.14 Woe!, Alas!, Sorrow!, Pity!, i.e., a marker of intense hardship and distress (Ecc 4:10; 10:16+), note: some parse Ecc 4:10 as 361

איב (ʾyb): see 366

366 אָיַב (ʾā·yǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 340; TWOT 78—LN 39.1–39.12 (qal) be an enemy, be a foe, i.e., be openly hostile towards another (Ex 23:22+), note: 1Sa 18:29 may be interp as n. 367; note: for the qal ptcp. as subst., see 367

367 אֹיֵב (ʾō·yēḇ): n.masc. [oth subst.ptcp. of 366]; ≡ Str 341; TWOT 78—LN 39.1–39.12 enemy, foe, i.e., one in open opposition and hostility to another (Ge 22:17), note: 1Sa 18:29 may be interp as v. 366

368 אֵיבָה (ʾê·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 342; TWOT 78a—LN 39.1–39.12 hostility, animosity, i.e., enmity or rancor between two parties or even classes of beings (Ge 3:15; Nu 35:21, 22; Eze 25:15; 35:5+)

אֹיֶבֶת (ʾō·yě·ḇěṯ) Lisowsky: n.fem.—see 367 (Mic 7:8, 10+)

369 אֵיד (ʾêḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 343; TWOT 38c—1. LN 20.31–20.60 disaster, calamity, destruction, i.e., an act. which causes ruin, harm, and violence to people and property (Dt 32:35; 2Sa 22:19; Job 18:12; 21:17, 30; 31:3, 23; Ps 18:19[EB 18]; Pr 1:26, 27; 6:15; 17:5; 24:22; 27:10; Jer 18:17; 46:21; 48:16; 49:8, 32; Eze 35:5; Ob 13+); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 unit: אֹרַח אֵיד (ʾō·rǎḥ ʾêḏ) siege ramp, formally, way of destruction, i.e., an area built up against a wall to attack a city, as an offensive weapon in siege warfare (Job 30:12+)

370 I. אַיָּה (ʾǎy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 344; TWOT 43b—LN 4.38–4.46 bird of prey, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; likely a predatory hunter, either black kite, or some species of falcon (Lev 11:14; Dt 14:13; Job 28:7+), note: a specific species is meant, though “falcon” is generic; note: Job 15:23 in MT is pointed as 372; note: Holladay specifically identifies as black kite, Milvus migrans

371 II. אַיָּה (ʾǎy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 345;—LN 93-pers. (male) Aiah: 1. Horite (Ge 36:24; 1Ch 1:40+) 2. father of Rizpah (2Sa 3:7; 21:8, 10, 11+)

372 אַיֵּה (ʾǎy·yē(h)): adv. interrogative; ≡ Str 346; TWOT 75a—1. LN 83.5–83.8 Where?, i.e., an interrogative marker with reference to a position (Ge 18:9), note: NIV repoints Job 15:23 to 370; 2. LN 92.27–92.28 Where?, i.e., a relative marker of a circumstance (Isa 51:13; Mal 1:6)

373 אִיּוֹב (ʾiy·yôḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 347; TWOT 78b—LN 93-pers. (male) Job: an upright man from the land of Uz (Job 1:1–42:17 passim; Eze 14:14, 20+)

אִיזָבֶל (ʾî·zā·ḇěl): see 374

374 אִיזֶבֶל (ʾî·zě·ḇěl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 348;—LN 93-pers. (female) Jezebel: daughter of the king of Sidon, queen of King Ahab (1Ki 16:31–21:25 passim; 2Ki 9:7–37 passim+)

אִיִּים (ʾiy·yîm) BDB: see 362, 363

375 אֵיךְ (ʾêḵ): adv.; ≡ Str 349; TWOT 75—1. LN 92.11–92.25 How?, i.e., an interrogative reference marker of means or manner (Ge 44:34); 2. LN 89.15–89.38 Why?, i.e., an interrogative reference marker of cause or reason (Ge 26:9), note: see also 2120; 3. LN 78.1–78.27 How!, Also!, i.e., a marker showing a very great, intense degree of a circumstance (Jer 48:39)

אִי כָבוֹד (ʾî ḵā·ḇôḏ) or אִי־כָבוֹד (ʾî-·ḵā·ḇôḏ) BDB: see 376

376 אִיכָבוֹד (ʾî·ḵā·ḇôḏ) or אִי־כָבוֹד (ʾî-·ḵā·ḇôḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 350;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ichabod: grandson of Eli (1Sa 14:3, 21+)

377 אֵיכָה (ʾê·ḵā(h)): adv.; ≡ Str 349; TWOT 75—1. LN 83.5–83.8 Where?, i.e., an interrogative marker with reference to a position (SS 1:7+); 2. LN 92.11–92.25 How?, what way, i.e., an interrogative reference marker of means or manner (Dt 1:12; 7:17; 12:30; 18:21; 32:30; Jdg 20:3; 2Ki 6:15; Ps 73:11; Jer 8:8+); 3. LN 78.1–78.27 How!, See!, i.e., a marker showing a very great, intense degree of a circumstance (Isa 1:21; Jer 48:17; La 1:1; 2:1; 4:1, 2+)

378 אֵיכֹה (ʾê·ḵō(h)): adv. interrogative; ≡ Str 351; TWOT 75d—LN 83.5–83.8 Where?, i.e., an interrogative marker with reference to a position (2Ki 6:13+), note: NIV does not translate as an interrogative

אֵיכוֹ (ʾê·ḵô) BDB: see 378 (2Ki 6:13+)

379 אֵיכָכָה (ʾê·ḵā·ḵā(h)): adv. interrogative; ≡ Str 349; TWOT 75—1. LN 92.11–92.25 How?, what way, i.e., an interrogative reference marker of means or manner (Est 8:6+); 2. LN 89.15–89.38 Why?, i.e., an interrogative reference marker of cause or reason (SS 5:3+), note: not translated in the NIV

אֵיכָכָה (ʾê·ḵā·ḵā(h)) BDB: see 379

380 I. אַיִל (ʾǎ·yil): n.masc.; ≡ Str 352; TWOT 45d—1. LN 4.1–4.37 ram, i.e., a ceremonially clean animal, hence eatable: smaller four-footed mammal, male sheep, i.e., a ram, generally more aggressive and protective, and valuable to the flock (Ge 22:13); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 leader, ruler, i.e., one who governs as a figurative extension of a ram as a leader of a flock (Ex 15:15; 2Ki 24:15; Eze 17:13; 31:11+), note: for alternate parsings and texts in 2Ki 24:15 Q+, see 212; Ps 58:2[EB 1], MT reads as 521; Job 41:17; Eze 32:21, see 446; note: Eze 31:14, see 448

381 II. אַיִל (ʾǎ·yil): n.masc.; ≡ Str 352; TWOT 45d—LN 3.2–3.12 large tree: a species of tree, (most versions) oak; or, (BDB, NKJV, NJB, NAB, Tanakh) translate “terebinth” (Isa 1:29; 57:5; 61:3+) note: oth do not think it is a specific species of tree, but a designation of how large or “mighty.”; note: Eze 31:14 oth parse as prep. 448; note: Ps 29:9 MT reads as 387; note: for MT in Ps 56:1[EB title] see 521

382 III. אַיִל (ʾǎ·yil): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 352; TWOT 45d—1. LN 7.26–7.53 projecting wall, i.e., a specialized outer wall (Eze 40:10), note: some sources translate not as a wall but a “column” or “post;” note: for MT text in Eze 40:48, see 444; note: other sources translate all references as a “jamb.”; 2. LN 7.63–7.76 jamb, door post, i.e., a framework or post, for door or gate to anchor to the house wall (1Ki 6:31)

383 IV. אַיִל (ʾǎ·yil): n.masc.—see 380

384 אֱיָל (ʾěyāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 353; TWOT 79—LN 23.129–23.141 strength, i.e., a state of physical vigor and robust health (Ps 88:5[EB 4]+), note: BDB translates “help,” see also domain LN 35.1–35.18; note: context favors “strength,” with a reference to a state of death in which one has no physical abilities

385 אַיָּל (ʾǎy·yāl): n.[masc.] occasionally fem.; ≡ Str 354; TWOT 45k—1. LN 4.1–4.37 young stag, fallow-buck, i.e., a ceremonially clean animal, hence eatable: ruminate mammal of the deer family, a male deer, i.e., young stag or fallow-buck (Dt 12:15, 22; 14:5; 15:22; 1Ki 5:3[EB 4:23]; SS 2:9, 17; 8:14; Isa 35:6; La 1:6+), note: Holladay specifically identifies as a fallow deer, Cervus capreolus; 2. LN 4.1–4.37 fallow-doe, female deer, i.e., a ceremonially clean animal, hence eatable: ruminate mammal of the deer family, a female deer (Ps 42:2[EB 1]+), note: for MT text at Pr 7:22, see 211.5

386 אֵיל פָּארָן (ʾêl pā(ʾ)·rān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 364;—LN 93-place (loc.) El Paran: possibly alternate name of Elath (Ge 14:6+), cf. 393, 397, note: some relate to 396, 462(1.)

387 אַיָּלָה (ʾǎy·yā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 355, 365; TWOT 45l—LN 4.1–4.37 doe deer, hind, i.e., a ceremonially clean animal, hence eatable: ruminate female mammal of the deer family (Ge 49:21; 2Sa 22:34; Job 39:1; Ps 18:34[EB 33]; 22:1[EB title]; 29:9; Pr 5:19; SS 2:7; 3:5; Jer 14:5; Hab 3:19+), see also 385, note: Ps 29:9 NIV reads as 381

388 אִילוֹ (ʾî·lô): inj.; ≡ Str 337; TWOT 76—LN 22.1–22.14 Woe!, Alas!, Sorrow!, Pity!, i.e., a marker of intense hardship and distress (Ecc 4:10+) note: some sources repoint to 467; note: for NIV text, see 365 + 4200 + 2257

389 אַיָּלוֹן (ʾǎy·yā·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 357;—LN 93-place (loc.) Aijalon: 1. a valley 12 miles WNW from Jerusalem (Jos 10:12+) 2. town in that valley, (Jos 19:42; 21:24; Jdg 1:35; 1Sa 14:31; 1Ch 6:54[EB 69]; 8:13; 2Ch 11:10; 28:18+) 3. town of Zebulun (Jdg 12:12+)

390 I. אֵילוֹן (ʾê·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 356;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elon: 1. see also 533 2. Hittite father Basemath, Esau’s wife (Ge 26:34; 36:2+) 3. minor judge from Zebulun (Jdg 12:11, 12+)

391 II. אֵילוֹן (ʾê·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 356;—LN 93-place (loc.) Elon: village of Dan, near Timnah (Jos 19:43+); also part of a compound name, Elon Bethhanan, see 392

392 אֵילוֹן בֵּית חָנָן (ʾê·lôn bêṯ ḥā·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 358;—LN 93-place (loc.) Elon Bethhanan: village of Dan (1Ki 4:9+)

393 אֵילוֹת (ʾê·lôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 359;—LN 93-place (loc.) Elath: seaport town, near Ezion Geber (1Ki 9:26; 2Ki 16:6; 2Ch 8:17; 26:2+), see also 393, possibly cf. with 386

394 אֱיָלוּת (ʾěyā·lûṯ): n.pr. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 360; TWOT 79a—LN 12.1–12.42 (as a title) (NIV, NKJV) Strength, Power, i.e., a title of God, with a focus on his potency to help and give aid (Ps 22:20[EB 19]+), note: some translate as a common noun, but context better suggests a title

אֵילִים (ʾê·lîm) BDB: ; ≡ Str 360; TWOT 79a—LN 93-place Elim: part of a compound name, Beer Elim, see 935

395 אֵילָם (ʾê·lām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 361; TWOT 45j—1. LN 7.26–7.53 portico, porch, vestibule, i.e., an entrance way into a building, of various specific designs (1Ki 6:3; 7:6b), note: the difference in some contexts between a porch and colonnade is difficult to determine; 2. LN 7.26–7.53 colonnade, an area just after a porch, with columns or pillars, a wide, long area (1Ki 7:6a); 3. LN 7.26–7.53 hall, i.e., a building in a larger palace complex (1Ki 7:8)

אֵילָם (ʾê·lām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 361; TWOT 45j—LN 93-place the Hall of Justice, i.e., a particular building in the palace area of Solomon (1Ki 7:7)

396 אֵילִם (ʾê·lim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 362;—LN 93-place (loc.) Elim: twelve-fresh-water-spring oasis; stopping place on route from Egypt (Ex 15:27; 16:1; Nu 33:9,10+), note: some relate to 386

397 אֵילַת (ʾê·lǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 359;—LN 93-place (loc.) Elath: seaport town, near Ezion Geber (Dt 2:8; 2Ki 14:22; 16:6+), note: possibly cf. with 386

אַיֶּלֶת (ʾǎy·yě·lěṯ): see 387

398 אָיֹם (ʾā·yōm): adj.; ≡ Str 366; TWOT 80a—1. LN 25.251–25.269 fearful, i.e., pertaining to that which causes dread and apprehension or even terror (Hab 1:7+); 2. LN 79.18–79.23 majestic, i.e., pertaining to that beauty which is awe-inspiring, self-evident as wonderful (SS 6:4, 10+), see also domain LN 87.4–87.18

399 אֵימָה (ʾê·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 367; TWOT 80b—LN 25.251–25.269 terror, fear, dread, i.e., a state of great emotional distress (Ge 15:12; Ex 15:16; 23:27; Dt 32:25; Jos 2:9; Ezr 3:3; Job 9:34; 13:21; 20:25; 33:7; 39:20; 41:6[EB 14]; Ps 55:5[EB 4]; 88:16[EB 15]; Pr 20:2; Isa 33:18; Jer 50:38+), note: in Jer 50:38, BDB says it means or refers to idols; see also domain LN 6.96–6.101

400 אֵימִים (ʾê·mîm): n.pr. [BDB: n.pr.masc.pl.]; ≡ Str 368;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Emites (Emim BDB): powerful inhabitants of Moab, their name possibly having the associative meaning of instilling fear in their enemies (Ge 14:5; Dt 2:10, 11+)

401 I. אַיִן (ʾǎ·yin): adv. [oth pt. of negation ] [see also 401.5]; ≡ Str 369; TWOT 81—LN 69.2–69.6 not, there is no, without, i.e., a marker of negation in a declaration or proposition (Ge 2:5)

אַיִן (ʾǎ·yin): n.[masc.] [served by 401]; ≡ Str 369; TWOT 81—LN 92.11–92.25 nothing, none, naught, i.e., a negative reference to an entity, event, or state (Isa 40:17)

402 II. אַיִן (ʾǎ·yin): adv. interrogative; ≡ Str 370; TWOT 75f—LN 83.5–83.8 Where?, i.e., an interrogative marker with reference to a position (Ge 29:4; 42:7; Nu 11:13; Jos 2:4; 9:8; Jdg 17:9; 19:17; 2Ki 5:25; 6:27; 20:14; Job 1:7; 28:12, 20; Ps 121:1; Isa 39:3; Jnh 1:8; Na 3:7+), note: Jos 2:4, in an indirect question

אָיִן (ʾā·yin) BDB: see 401

403 אִין (ʾîn): pt. of negation, interrogative; ≡ Str 371; TWOT 81—LN 69.14–69.16 Don’t?, Not?, i.e., a marker of a negative response to a question (1Sa 21:9[EB 8]+), note: some change text to 361; others relate to 561; see also BHS ftn

404 אִיעֶזֶר (ʾî·ʿě·zěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 372;—LN 93-pers. (male) Iezer: of Manasseh (Nu 26:30+), see also 405; cf. also 48

405 אִיעֶזְרִי (ʾî·ʿěz·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 373;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Iezerite: pertaining to Iezer (Nu 26:30+), see also 404

406 אֵיפָה (ʾê·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 374; TWOT 82—1. LN 81.20–81.24 ephah, i.e., a dry grain measurement, variously reckoned, but usually about 22 liters of volume (Ex 16:36; Lev 5:11; 6:13[EB 20]; 19:36; Nu 5:15; 28:5; Dt 25:14,15; Jdg 6:19; Ru 2:17; 1Sa 1:24; 17:17; Pr 20:10; Isa 5:10; Eze 45:10–46:14 passim; Am 8:5; Mic 6:10); 2. LN 6.118–6.151 basket, i.e., a large basket which could contain a large volume (Zec 5:6, 7, 8, 9, 10+), note: apparently in these contexts the precise standardized unit is not meant; 3. LN 81.20–81.24 אֵיפָה וְ־ אֵיפָה (ʾê·p̄ā(h) w- ʾê·p̄ā(h)) two differing measures, formally, ephah and ephah, i.e., a measure which is not standardized and has a weight or volume which favors one party over another (Dt 25:14; Pr 20:10+)

407 אֵיפֹה (ʾê·p̄ō(h)): adv. interrogative; ≡ Str 375; TWOT 75h—1. LN 83.5–83.8 Where?, i.e., an interrogative marker with reference to a position, usually in an indirect question (Ge 37:16; Ru 2:19; 1Sa 19:22; 2Sa 9:4; Job 4:7; 38:4; Isa 49:21; Jer 3:2; 36:19+); 2. LN 58.21–58.30 Of what kind?, i.e., an interrogative marker of class or kind (Jdg 8:18+)

408 I. אִישׁ (ʾîš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 376, 381;—1. LN 9.1–9.23 man, i.e., a male or female human as a class or kind in contrast to other classes of created beings (Ex 19:13), note: see also 632, 851; 2. LN 9.24–9.33 man, i.e., a mature, adult male of a species (Ge 2:24; 7:2), note: usually referring to a human male; 3. LN 10.53–10.61 husband, i.e., a male spouse in a marriage (Ge 16:3); 4. LN 59.23–59.34 each, every, i.e., each one of a totality in a distributive sense (Ge 40:5); 5. LN 92.11–92.25 anyone, whoever, someone, a certain one, i.e., a reference to whom or what is spoken about which is not explicit (Lev 15:5); 6. LN 20.31–20.60 unit: אִישׁ מַשְׁחִית (ʾîš mǎš·ḥîṯ) destroyer, formally, man of destruction, i.e., one who causes destruction and death (Pr 28:24+), note: 1Sa 13:17; 14:15, as hif ptcp. of 8845 “raiding parties.”; 7. LN 37.119–37.126 unit: אִישׁ הַ־ מִשְׁמָר (ʾîš hǎ- miš·mār)1 guard, formally, man of the custody, i.e., one who watches over, for confinement or protection (Ne 4:17[EB 23]+); 8. LN 59.35–59.43 unit: מַעַר־אִישׁ (mǎ·ʿǎr-·ʾîš)1 empty space, formally, each of nakedness, i.e., a space on a panel or board with no engraving or painting (1Ki 7:36+), note: NIV translates “available space,” note also some sources consider the text corrupt; 9. LN 39.1–39.12 unit: אִישׁ מַצּוּת (ʾîš mǎṣ·ṣûṯ) enemy, formally, man of strife, i.e., one who is in hostility or strife (Isa 41:12+); 10. LN 55.7–55.13 unit: אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה (ʾîš mil·ḥā·mā(h)) pl. army, formally, men of battle (1Sa 18:5); 11. LN 55.2–55.6 unit: אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה הָיָה (ʾîš mil·ḥā·mā(h) hā·yā(h)) be at war, formally, be a man of battle, i.e., to make hostile military actions toward an enemy (2Sa 8:10); 12. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה (ʾîš mil·ḥā·mā(h)) warrior, formally, man of battle, i.e., a military soldier (Ex 15:3); 13. LN 34.66–34.78 unit: עָגַן לְ־ בִּלְתִּי הָיָה לְ־ אִישׁ (ʿā·ḡǎn l- bil·tî hā·yā(h) l- ʾîš)1 remain unmarried, formally, be withdrawn as not to belong to a man, i.e., remain in an unmarried state (Ru 1:13+), note: in context as a widow; 14. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: מוֹרֶה אִישׁ בְּ־ הַ־ קֶשֶׁת (mô·rě(h) ʾîš b- hǎ- qě·šěṯ) archer, bowman, i.e., a soldier who shoots arrows with a bow (1Sa 31:3+); 15. LN 9.34–9.40 unit: לֹא יָדַע אִישׁ (lō(ʾ) yā·ḏǎʿ ʾîš)1 be a virgin, formally, not know a man (Jdg 11:39); 16. LN 9.41–9.45 unit: זֶרַע אִישׁ (zě·rǎʿ ʾîš)1 offspring, formally, seed of man, i.e., a child of a parent (1Sa 1:11); 17. LN 46 unit: אִישׁ הַ־ בַּיִת (ʾîš hǎ- bǎ·yiṯ)1 household servants, attendants, formally, man of the house, i.e., persons of lower status that serve the master or mistress of a household (Ge 39:11); 18. LN 22.21–22.28 unit: אִישׁ תֹּךְ (ʾîš tōḵ) oppressor, extortioner, formally, man of oppression, i.e., one who creates hardship, distress, and unfavorable circumstance (Pr 29:13+); 19. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: אִישׁ שָׂפָה (ʾîš śā·p̄ā(h)) talker, formally, man of lips, i.e., one who speaks (Ge 11:7; Job 11:2+); 20. LN 28.28–28.56 unit: אִישׁ שֵׁם (ʾîš šēm)1 well-known person, i.e., a person known in the community, with a generally favorable view, and so has high status (Nu 16:2), see also domain LN 87.4–87.18; 21. LN 79.123–79.128 unit: אִישׁ מִדָּה (ʾîš mid·dā(h))1 tall people, formally, men of size, i.e., pertaining to persons relatively large in height (Isa 45:14); 22. LN 33.387–33.403 unit: אִישׁ לָשׁוֹן (ʾîš lā·šôn) slanderer, formally, man of the tongue, i.e., one who speaks insulting words to another (Ps 140:12[EB 11]); 23. LN 43 unit: אִישׁ עָבַד אֲדָמָה (ʾîš ʿā·ḇǎḏ ʾǎḏā·mā(h))1 farmer, formally, man working soil (Zec 13:5+); 24. LN 32.42–32.61 unit: אִישׁ אֱוִיל (ʾîš ʾěwîl)1 fool, simpleton, i.e., a person without understanding, often by stubborn will (Pr 29:9+); 25. LN 43 unit: אִישׁ הַ־ אֲדָמָה (ʾîš hǎ- ʾǎḏā·mā(h))1 farmer, formally, man of the soil (Ge 9:20+); 26. LN 58.31–58.35 unit: אִישׁ ךְּ־ אָח ־ו (ʾîš k- ʾāḥ w) equally, formally, each as his brother, i.e., pertaining to that which is the same in amount or kind (Lev 7:10; Eze 47:14+); 27. LN 87.19–87.57 unit: בֵּן אִֵישׁ (bēn ʾêš)1 nobility, formally, son of man, i.e., one of high social status and means (Ps 49:3[EB 2]; 62:10[EB 9]); 28. LN 92.26 unit: אִישׁ אֶל אָח ־ו (ʾîš ʾěl ʾāḥ w) to each other, to one another, among yourselves, formally, each to his brother, i.e., a marker of reciprocal reference (Ge 37:19; 42:21, 28; Ex 16:15; 25:20; 37:9; Nu 14:4; 2Ki 7:6; Jer 13:14; 23:35; 25:26; Eze 24:23+); 29. LN 88.105–88.125 unit: אִישׁ אָוֶן (ʾîš ʾā·wěn)1 evildoer, villain, scoundrel, i.e., a person who does morally evil and bad things (Pr 6:12+); 30. LN 53.66–53.95 unit: אִישׁ אֱלֹהִים (ʾîš ʾělō·hîm) prophet, formally, son of God, i.e., one who speaks words from deity (Dt 33:1; 1Sa 9:6; 1Ki 13:1–31 passim); 31. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: אִישׁ הַ־ בֵּנַיִם (ʾîš hǎ- bē·nǎ·yim)champion, very mighty soldier, formally, a man of the space between, i.e., single fighter who stands in the gap of the lines of opposing armies (1Sa 17:4, 23+); 32. LN 33.406–33.411 unit: אִישׁ לָצוֹן (ʾîš lā·ṣôn) mocker, scoffer, i.e., a class of person who speaks words of ridicule and derision, who act. foolish (Pr 29:8; Isa 28:14+); 33. LN 39.34–39.41 unit: אִישׁ בְּלִיַּעַל (ʾîš beliy·yǎ·ʿǎl) scoundrel (2Sa 16:7; Pr 16:27); 34. LN 88.139–88.143 unit: אִישׁ בְּלִיַּעַל (ʾîš beliy·yǎ·ʿǎl) wicked person (2Sa 20:1; 1Ki 21:13b; 1Sa 25:25); 35. LN 54.30 unit: אִישׁ אֳנִיָּה (ʾîš ʾǒniy·yā(h)), formally, man of a ship, i.e., a sailor (1Ki 9:27); 36. LN 92.11–92.25 unit: לֹא אִישׁ (lō(ʾ) ʾîš)1 none, not anyone, i.e., a negative reference to an entity, event, or state (Ge 23:6)

409 II. אִישׁ (ʾîš): pt. of affirmation—see 838 an alternate form

אִישׁ־בֹשֶׁת (ʾîš-·ḇō·šěṯ) BDB: see 410

410 אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (ʾîš-·bō·šěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 378;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ish-Bosheth: son of King Saul (2Sa 2:8–4:12 passim+), see also 843

411 אִישׁ־טוֹב (ʾîš-·ṭôḇ): n.pr. [oth n.masc. (408) + adj. (3202)]; ≡ Str 382;—LN 93-place (loc.) (KJV, NKJV) Ish-Tob: place in Palestine (2Sa 10:6, 8; 2Sa 18:27+), note: some sources may give reference as a person; note: most versions see this as not a proper name but 408 + 3202 “good man/men;” (NJB) prince

אִישׁ הוֹד (ʾîš hôḏ) BDB: see 412

412 אִישְׁהוֹד (ʾî·šehôḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 379;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ishhod: of Manasseh (1Ch 7:18+)

413 אִישׁוֹן (ʾî·šôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 380; TWOT 83b—1. LN 8.9–8.69 pupil, i.e., the black center of the eyeball, tender and important part of sight (Dt 32:10; Ps 17:8; Pr 20:20+), note: NIV translates as “apple (of the eye)” not as a reference to fruit, but the English idiom of what is precious and cherished; 2. LN 14.53–14.62 unit: אִישׁוֹן לַיְלָה (ʾî·šôn lǎy·lā(h)) darkness, formally, pupil of night, i.e., a full lack of light as a figurative extension of the pupil as the center of the eye (so middle of night), or as a black pupil which is very dark (Pr 7:9+); 3. LN 14.53–14.62 unit: אִישׁוֹן חֹשֶׁךְ (ʾî·šôn ḥō·šěḵ) darkness, formally, pupil of darkness, i.e., a full lack of light as a figurative extension of the pupil as the center of the eye (so middle of night), or as a black pupil is very dark (Pr 20:20 K+), note: for Pr 20:20 Q, see 854

414 אִישַׁי (ʾî·šǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3448; TWOT 926—LN 93-pers. (male) Jesse: father of David (1Ch 2:13+), see also 3805

415 אִיתוֹן (ʾî·ṯôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2978; TWOT 188a—LN 7.37 entrance, i.e., entryway to a gate area (Eze 40:15+), note: see WBC29:221 15b אתיון (ʾtywn) for variant text to both K and Q in the MT

416 אִיתַי (ʾî·ṯǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 863;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ithai: great warrior for David (1Ch 11:31+), see also 915

417 אִיתִיאֵל (ʾî·ṯî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 384;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ithiel: 1. one addressed (Pr 30:1+) 2. of Benjamin (Ne 11:7+)

418 אִיתָמָר (ʾî·ṯā·mār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 385;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ithamar: son of Aaron-Elisheba (Ex 6:23; 28:1; 38:21; Lev 10:6, 12, 16; Nu 3:2, 4; 4:28, 33; 7:8; 26:60; 1Ch 5:29[EB 6:3]; 24:1–6 passim; Ezr 8:2+)

419 I. אֵיתָן (ʾê·ṯān): adj.; ≡ Str 386; TWOT 935a—1. LN 47 ever-flowing, steady-flowing, i.e., pertaining to a flow that is continuous, sometimes with the associative meaning of high productivity (Ex 14:27; Dt 21:4; Ps 74:15; Jer 49:19; 50:44; Am 5:24+); 2. LN 16 steady, i.e., pertaining to a non-linear holding motion (Ge 49:24+); 3. LN 87.19–87.57 long established, i.e., pertaining to having high status (Job 12:19+), note: 1Ki 8:2 “the established month,” see n.pr. 923; 4. LN 67.78–67.117 eternal, everlasting, i.e., pertaining to being permanent as a duration of time (Jer 5:15; Mic 6:2+); 5. LN 21.9–21.13 secure, formally, everlasting, i.e., pertaining to being free from danger (Nu 24:21); 6. LN 68.34–68.57 constant, i.e., pertaining to not stopping (Job 33:19+); 7. LN 88.126–88.134 coarse, ungracious, i.e., pertaining to manners that are rough (Pr 13:15+)

420 II. אֵיתָן (ʾê·ṯān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 387; TWOT 935b—LN 93-pers. (male) Ethan: 1. the wise Ezrahite (1Ki 5:11[EB 4:31]; Ps 89:1[EB title]+) 2. descendant of Judah (1Ch 2:6, 8+) 3. temple musician (1Ch 6:27[EB 42]+) 4. another temple musician (1Ch 6:29[EB 44]; 1Ch 15:17+) 5. yet another temple musician (1Ch 15:19+), note: possibly 3 or 4.

421 אַךְ (ʾǎḵ): adv. [Holladay: pt.]; ≡ Str 389; TWOT 84—1. LN 91.6–91.12 surely, indeed, i.e., a marker of emphasis (1Ki 22:32); 2. LN 89.124–89.138 only, but, yet, except, i.e., a marker of contrast either just prior in context, or more generally (Ge 7:23); 3. LN 67.17–67.64 scarcely, barely, just after, i.e., pertaining to a time immediately following another time (Ge 27:30; Jdg 7:19)

422 אַכַּד (ʾǎk·kǎḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 390;—LN 93-place (loc.) Akkad: area of northern Babylon (Ge 10:10+)

423 אַכְזָב (ʾǎḵ·zāḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 391; TWOT 970b—1. LN 79.78–79.83 intermittent, occasional, formally, deceitful, i.e., pertaining to a stream or brook that does not flow constantly or reliably, wet for a time then dry for a time and so a disappointment to the user, as an extension of a stream that is not what it might seem (Jer 15:18+); 2. LN 31.82–31.101 unreliable, i.e., pertaining to not being trustworthy, as a misplaced confidence (Mic 1:14+)

424 אַכְזִיב (ʾǎḵ·zîḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 392;—LN 93-place (loc.) Aczib: 1. a seaport of Asher, (Jos 19:29; Jdg 1:31+) 2. town of Judah in the Shephelah (Jos 15:44; Mic 1:14+), note: possibly see also 3945

425 אַכְזָר (ʾǎḵ·zār): adj.; ≡ Str 393; TWOT 971a—1. LN 23.88–23.128 deadly, i.e., pertaining to that which takes a life (Dt 32:33+); 2. LN 88.135–88.138 ruthless, fierce, i.e., pertaining to being cruel in behavior toward another (Job 30:21; 41:2[EB 10]+); 3. LN 30.39–30.52 heartless, i.e., pertaining to being neglectful in the care of another, and so not respond properly to a situation (La 4:3+), see also 426, 427

426 אַכְזָרִי (ʾǎḵ·zā·rî): adj.; ≡ Str 394; TWOT 971b—LN 88.135–88.138 cruel, merciless, i.e., pertaining to ruthless behavior toward another (Pr 5:9; 11:17; 12:10; 17:11; Isa 13:9; Jer 6:23; 30:14; 50:42+) see also 425, 427; see also domain LN 88.75–88.82

427 אַכְזְרִיּוּת (ʾǎḵ·zeriy·yûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 395; TWOT 971c—LN 88.105–88.125 cruelty, i.e., that action which is evil, with a focus on the damage that the cruelty brings (Pr 27:4+), see also 425, 426

428 אֲכִילָה (ʾǎḵî·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 396; TWOT 85c—LN 23.1–23.39 meal, formally, food, i.e., eating of food and consumption of nourishing drink as an event (1Ki 19:8+)

429 אָכִישׁ (ʾā·ḵîš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 397;—LN 93-pers. (male) Achish: Philistine ruler of Gath (1Sa 21:11[EB 10]-15[EB 14] passim; 27:2–12 passim; 28:1, 2; 29:2–9 passim; 1Ki 2:39, 40+), note: in Ps 34:1[EB title], see also 43

אכל (ʾkl): see 430

430 אָכַל (ʾā·ḵǎl): v.; ≡ Str 398; TWOT 85—1. LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) eat, i.e., consume food, usually solids of any eatable kind (Ge 2:16); (nif) be eaten (Ge 6:21); (hif) feed, give to eat, i.e., cause conditions where one may eat (Ex 16:32), note: qal pf. 3fs., see also 433; note: Pr 30:20 refers to sexual behaviors; 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroy, ruin, consume, formally, eat, i.e., cause destruction of objects, even take biological life as a figurative extension of eating as a consuming process (Dt 7:16); (nif) consumed, destroyed, formally, eaten away (Nu 12:12; Jer 30:16; Zep 1:18; 3:8; 9:4); (pual) be consumed, be destroyed, formally, be eaten, i.e., be in a state of destruction as a figurative extension of eating or consuming food (Ex 3:2; Ne 2:3, 13; Isa 1:20; Na 1:10+); 3. LN 57.146–57.151 spend valuables, formally, eat up wealth, i.e., pay out money for items, with a focus that the collection of money is consumed (Ge 31:15); 4. LN 80.1–80.4 take space, formally, eat up, i.e., consume or take up a certain amount of space (Eze 42:5); 5. LN 24.71 taste, formally, eat, i.e., the sensation of taste as an extension of the eating process (Dt 4:28), note: NIV translates “eat.”

431 אֹכֶל (ʾō·ḵěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 400; TWOT 85a—1. LN 5.1–5.22 food, i.e., a general word for what is eatable for humans and hence consumed by them (Ge 14:11; 41:35–47:24 passim; Lev 11:34; 25:37; Dt 2:6, 28; 23:20[EB 19]; Job 12:11; 36:31; Ps 78:18, 30; 107:18; 145:15; Pr 13:23; La 1:11, 19; Joel 1:16; Hab 3:17; Mal 1:12+), note: in these contexts grain is usually meant; 2. LN 5.1–5.22 prey, animal game, i.e., animate life killed for consumption by predators, implying a violent death (Job 9:26; 38:41; 39:29; Ps 104:21, 27+), note: in these contexts apparently flesh meat is meant; 3. LN 23.1–23.39 עֵת הַ־ אֹכֶל (ʿēṯ hǎ- ʾō·ḵěl) mealtime, i.e., the time to eat food (Ru 2:14+), note: in context, a daytime meal break, similar to lunchtime, see also domain LN 67.73–67.77

432 אֻכָל (ʾǔ·ḵāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 401;—LN 93-pers. (male) (most versions) Ucal: man who was addressed by Agur (Pr 30:1+), note: possibly taken as a verb of: (NRSV, NAB) 3523, “prevail;” or (REB, NEB, NJB ftn) 3983 “finished, worn;” or 3920

433 אָכְלָה (ʾāḵ·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 402; TWOT 85b—1. LN 5.1–5.22 food, i.e., what is eatable and hence consumed by humans (Ge 1:29, 30; 6:21; 9:3; Ex 16:15; Lev 11:39; 25:6; Eze 39:4+); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 prey, animal game, i.e., animate life killed for consumption by predators, implying a violent death (Eze 29:5; 34:5, 8, 10+); 3. LN 2.3–2.6 fuel, i.e., wood or brush that feeds a fire (Eze 15:4, 6; 21:37[EB 32]+), note: Jer 12:9, this form is possibly parsed as qal pf. 3fs. of 430; 4. LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, formally, devouring, i.e., a state of being ruined (Eze 35:12+); 5. LN 53.16–53.27 meat, i.e., flesh for a sacrificial offering (Eze 23:37+)

434 I. אָכֵן (ʾā·ḵēn): adv.; ≡ Str 403; TWOT 86—1. LN 91.6–91.12 Surely! Truly!, Indeed!, i.e., a marker of emphasis (Ge 28:16; Ex 2:14; 1Sa 15:32; 1Ki 11:2; Isa 40:7; 45:15; 53:4; Jer 3:23; 8:8; 4:10+), note: shows the unexpected; 2. LN 89.124–89.138 only, but, yet, except, i.e., a marker of contrast (Job 32:8; Ps 31:23[EB 22]; 66:19; 82:7; Isa 49:4; Jer 3:20; Zep 3:7+), note: can be a strong contrastive; note: stronger in contrast than 421; note: there may be overlap in the verses and entries in different sources

435 II. אָכֵן (ʾā·ḵēn): adv.; ≡ Str 403; TWOT 86—LN 89.39–89.54 so that, i.e., a marker of result or outcome (1Ki 11:2+), note: NIV see 434

אכף (ʾkp): see 436

436 אָכַף (ʾā·ḵǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 404; TWOT 87—LN 25.1–25.11 (qal) drive, impel, press hard, i.e., get high motivation to do something, and so desire something based on a physical need (Pr 16:26+)

437 אֶכֶף (ʾě·ḵěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 405; TWOT 87a—LN 8.9–8.69 hand, i.e., a part of the body that can apply force or pressure (Job 33:7+)

438 אִכָּר (ʾik·kār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 406; TWOT 88a—LN 43 farmer, serf, i.e., people who work in fields and vineyards doing the work of a husbandman (2Ch 26:10; Isa 61:5; Jer 14:4; 31:24; 51:23; Joel 1:11; Am 5:16+), note: ety. may suggest, with context, the act. of ploughing in Jer 14:4

439 אַכְשָׁף (ʾǎḵ·šāp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 407;—LN 93-place (loc.) Acshaph: city of Asher (Jos 11:1; 12:20; 19:25+)

440 I. אַל (ʾǎl): adv. of negation [see also 440.5]; ≡ Str 408; TWOT 90—LN 69.2–69.6 not, i.e., a marker that negates a statement (Ge 13:8), note: for NIV text in 1Sa 27:10, see 625; note: for NIV text in Job 13:20, see 446

אַל (ʾǎl): p. [served by 440]; ≡ Str 408; TWOT 90—LN 92.11–92.25 nothing, none, i.e., a negative reference to an entity, event, or state (Job 24:25; Jer 50:2)

441 II. אַל (ʾǎl): definite article (in Arabic)—LN 92.11–92.25 a reference to an entity, event, or state clearly identified either as a structural component or some other linguistic component (Ge 10:26; 1Ch 1:20; Pr 30:31), note: a conjectured separation of parts of 525 or 554, q.v.

442 I. אֵל (ʾēl): n.masc.—see 380

443 II. אֵל (ʾēl): n.masc.—see 381

444 III. אֵל (ʾēl): n.[masc.]—see 382

445 IV. אֵל (ʾēl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 410; TWOT 93a—LN 76 power, i.e., the ability to do a certain physical event, whether to harm or defend (Ge 31:29; Dt 28:32; Ne 5:5; Pr 3:27 Q; Mic 2:1+), see also 446

446 V. אֵל (ʾēl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 410; TWOT 93a—1. LN 12.1–12.42 God, i.e., a title of the true God, with a focus on the might and power of God (Jos 22:22); 2. LN 12.1–12.42 god, gods, i.e., beings believed to exist that are worshiped, that are not the true God (Ex 15:11; 34:14; Dt 3:24; 32:12, 21; Ps 44:21[EB 20]; 77:14[EB 13]; 81:10[EB 9]; Isa 43:10; 44:10, 15, 17, 17; 45:20; 46:6; Eze 28:2,9; Da 11:36, 36; Mal 2:11+); 3. LN 79.18–79.23 mighty, majestic things, i.e., things of nature that are awesome and large (Ps 36:7[EB 6]; 80:11[EB 10]), see also domain LN 87.4–87.18; 4. LN 37.48–37.95 mighty one, i.e., a person who is strong and capable, and so a leader or prominent (Eze 32:21; Job 41:17[EB 25], note: oth parse as 380); 5. LN 87.19–87.57 greatness, largeness, i.e., a state of a high status (Ps 82:1), see also 445; 6. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: אֵל עֶלְיוֹן (ʾēl ʿěl·yôn)2 God Most High, i.e., a title of God, stressing his power and high status (Ge 14:18, 19, 20, 22; Ps 78:35+); 7. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: בֵּן אֵל (bēn ʾēl)5 heavenly being, angel, formally, son of God, i.e., a supernatural being, created, with a special focus of being in a unique class (Ps 29:3; 89:7[EB 6]; Hos 2:1+), note: Ps 29:1 may refer to a class of human leaders who are mighty; note: for MT text in Job 13:20, see 440; also, a part of a compound name, Migdal El, (and many other places) see 4466; see also Immanuel, see 6672

447 VI. אֵל (ʾēl): p. (demonstrative pl.masc. and fem.); ≡ Str 411; TWOT 92—LN 92.29–92.36 these, or those, i.e., a referential of demonstrative or deictic use (Ge 19:8, 25; 26:3, 4; Lev 18:27; Dt 4:42; 7:22; 19:11; 1Ch 20:8+)

448 אֶל (ʾěl): prep.; ≡ Str 413; TWOT 91—1. LN 84.16–84.28 to, toward, as far as, in the direction of, i.e., a marker of extension to a special goal (Ge 12:1); 2. LN 84.16–84.28 into, i.e., a marker of an extension toward a goal which is inside of an area (Ge 6:19); 3. LN 83.46–83.47 on, at, i.e., a marker of a position on the surface of an area (Lev 2:12); 4. LN 83.9–83.17 inside, i.e., a marker of a position defined as being within certain limits (Ne 6:10); 5. LN 83.23–83.32 by, at, near, up to, i.e., a marker of a position defined as being in proximity to other objects (Ge 38:16); 6. LN 83.9–83.17 among, i.e., a marker of a position of an area within an area determined by other objects (1Sa 10:22); 7. LN 90.21–90.28 about, concerning, i.e., a marker of reference to content (Ex 6:13); 8. LN 90.56–90.84 for, to, toward, i.e., a marker of an involved experiencer (Ge 3:16); 9. LN 90.36–90.42 for, in behalf, for benefit, i.e., a marker of persons benefited by an event (2Ki 4:13), note: Eze 31:14 oth parse as n.masc. 381

449 אֵל אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל (ʾēl ʾělō·hê yiś·rā·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 415;—LN 93-place (loc.) El Elohe Israel: altar near Shechem (Ge 33:20+)

450 אֵל בֵּית־אֵל (ʾēl bêṯ-·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 416;—LN 93-place (loc.) El Bethel: place of Jacob’s vision (Ge 35:7+)

451 אֵל בְּרִית (ʾēl berîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1286;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) El-Berith: local god at Shechem (Jdg 9:46+), note: some identify as n.pr.loc., see 451.5

אֵל בְּרִית (ʾēl berîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1286;—LN 93-place (loc.)El-Berith: a place (Jdg 9:46+), see also 451

452 אֵלָא (ʾē·lā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 414;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ela: father of Shimei (1Ki 4:18+)

453 אֶלְגָּבִישׁ (ʾěl·gā·ḇîš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 417; TWOT 89a—LN 2.7–2.13 unit: אֶבֶן אֶלְגָּבִישׁ (ʾě·ḇěn ʾěl·gā·ḇîš) hail, ice-crystals, formally, stones of ice, i.e., naturally occurring event of weather, with the associative meaning of destructive storms, cf. also 1486 (Eze 13:11, 13; 38:22+)

454 אַלְגּוּמִּים (ʾǎl·gûm·mîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 418; TWOT 89b—LN 3.2–3.12 a species of valued tree, transliterated as algumwood, traditionally sandal-wood but some suggest a species of Juniper, see also 523 (2Ch 2:7[EB 8]; 9:10, 11+)

455 אֶלְדָּד (ʾěl·dāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 419;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eldad: prophetic elder and surrogate of Moses (Nu 11:26, 27+)

456 אֶלְדָּעָה (ʾěl·dā·ʿā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 420;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eldaah: of Abraham-Keturah, son of Midian (Ge 25:4; 1Ch 1:33+)

I. אלה (ʾlh): see 457

457 I. אָלָה (ʾā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 422; TWOT 94—1. LN 33.470–33.475 (qal) utter a curse, i.e., to utter words of divine harm (Jdg 17:2; Hos 4:2+); 2. LN 33.463–33.469 (qal) take an oath, i.e., to affirm the truth of something and invoking divine sanctions against one breaking that truth (Hos 10:4+); (hif) bind under oath (1Sa 14:24; 1Ki 8:31; 2Ch 6:22+)

II. אלה (ʾlh): see 458

458 II. אָלָה (ʾā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 421; TWOT 95—LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) mourn, lament, wail, howl, shriek, i.e., make sounds of sorrow and grief as part of the burial ceremonies (Joel 1:8+), see also domain LN 52

III. אלה (ʾlh): see 459

459 III. אָלָה (ʾā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 428; TWOT 92—LN 74 (qal impf. 3ms.) be unable, be unfit to, i.e., not be capable of properly doing a task (1Sa 17:39+), note: others parse as hif of 3283

460 IV. אָלָה (ʾā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 423; TWOT 91a—1. LN 33.470–33.475 curse, i.e., the invoking of divine harm as a retribution (Nu 5:23); 2. LN 33.470–33.475 cursed, accursed, i.e., that which has been cursed (Nu 5:27; Jer 29:18; 42:18; 44:12); 3. LN 33.463–33.469 oath, sworn agreement, public charge, i.e., a binding agreement that has divine sanctions for breaking (Ge 24:41)

461 I. אֵלָה (ʾē·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 424; TWOT 45h—LN 3.2–3.12 large tree: a species of tree; oak and terebinth are two suggested (Ge 35:4; Jdg 6:11, 19; 2Sa 18:9,10, 14; 1Ki 13:14; 1Ch 10:12; Isa 1:30; 6:13; Eze 6:13; Hos 4:13+), see also 464, note: some translate 1Sa 17:2, 19; 21:10+ as proper noun of 463, note: in some contexts, Isa 6:13 and Hos 4:13 this species is listed with another species, in the other contexts there is a slight emphasis on prominence in appearance or largeness for a function

462 II. אֵלָה (ʾē·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 425;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elah: 1. of Esau, an Edom chief (Ge 36:41; 1Ch 1:52+), note: some relate Ge 36:41 to 386 2. Baasha’s son and 4th king of Israel (1Ki 16:6, 8, 13, 14+) 3. son of Caleb (1Ch 4:15+) 4. Benjamite residing in post-exilic Jerusalem (1Ch 9:8+) 5. father of King Hoshea, the last king of northern kingdom of Israel (2Ki 15:30; 17:1; 18:1, 9+)

463 III. אֵלָה (ʾē·lā(h)): n.pr. [BDB: n.fem., see 461]; ≡ Str 425;—LN 93-place (loc.) Elah: valley, about 15 miles W-SW of Bethlehem (1Sa 17:2, 19; 21:10[EB 9]+), note: some translate as a common noun 461

464 אַלָּה (ʾǎl·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 427; TWOT 100a—LN 3.2–3.12 large tree: a species of tree; oak or terebinth are two suggested (Jos 24:26+), see also 461, note: oth do not think it is a specific species of tree, but a designation of how large or “mighty.”

465 אֵלֶּה (ʾēl·lě(h)): p. (demonstrative pl.masc. and fem.); ≡ Str 428; TWOT 92—1. LN 92.29–92.36 these, i.e., a referential of demonstrative or deictic use relatively close in perspective to the subject (Ge 39:17); 2. LN 92.29–92.36 those, i.e., a referential of demonstrative or deictic use relatively close in perspective to the subject (Nu 3:3); 3. LN 92.26 unit: אֵלֶּה נֹכַח אֵלֶּה (ʾēl·lě(h) nō·ḵǎḥ ʾēl·lě(h)) opposite each other, i.e., a position across from another position, with some space between (1Ki 20:29+)

אֱלֹהַּ (ʾělōah) BDB: see 468 (Dt 32:17; 2Ki 17:31 K; Da 11:38; Hab 1:11+)

466 אֱלֹהִים (ʾělō·hîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 430; TWOT 93c—1. LN 12.22 God, i.e., the true God, note: though the form is a grammatical plural, the meaning is singular and many sources think implies a majesty or stateliness (Ge 1:1); 2. LN 12.1–12.42 (pl.) gods, i.e., deities other than the true God, which are falsely worshiped (Dt 5:7; 1Ki 11:5, 33); 3. LN 6.96–6.101 idol, i.e., a worship object made of various materials (Ex 20:23; 34:17; Dt 4:28; 28:36; Da 11:8); 4. LN 37.48–37.95 mighty one, i.e., a person who is strong and capable, and so a leader or prominent one (Ge 23:6); 5. LN 56.20–56.34 judge, i.e., one who presides over a court session, or deals in arbitration (Ex 21:6, 7, 8); 6. LN 78.1–78.27 great, i.e., conflict which is intense and possibly on going in length, and so of a high degree of intensity (Ge 30:8); 7. LN 12.1–12.42 ghost, phantasm, spirit, i.e., a human spirit that makes an appearance from the Abode of the Dead (1Sa 28:13); 8. LN 12.1–12.42 heavenly beings, angels, i.e., a supernatural being, created, with a special focus on their power or nobility (Ps 8:6[EB 5]); 9. LN 87.19–87.57 majestic one, i.e., a person of high social status (Ps 36:8[EB 7]); 10. LN 79.18–79.23 mighty, majestic things, i.e., things of nature that are awesome and large, majestic, and so awe-inspiring (Ps 68:16[EB 15]), see also domain LN 87.4–87.18; 11. LN 53.66–53.95 unit: אִישׁ אֱלֹהִים (ʾîš ʾělō·hîm) prophet, i.e., a person who proclaims inspired utterances on behalf of God (Dt 33:1; 1Sa 9:6; 1Ki 13:1–31 passim), see also 468; 12. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: בֵּן הַ־ אֱלֹהִים (bēn hǎ- ʾělō·hîm) heavenly being, angel, formally, son of God, i.e., a supernatural being, created, with a special focus of being in a unique class (Job 1:6); 13. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת אֱלֹהִים (bǎ·yiṯ ʾělō·hîm) shrine, i.e., a construction for worship (Jdg 17:5)

467 אִלּוּ (ʾil·lû): c.; ≡ Str 432; TWOT 96—LN 89.65–89.70 if, i.e., a marker of a condition, here contrary to fact (Est 7:4; Ecc 6:6+)

אִלּוּי (ʾil·lûy) Lisowsky: see 467

468 אֱלוֹהַּ (ʾělôah): n.masc.; ≡ Str 433; TWOT 93b—1. LN 12.22 God, i.e., the true God (Dt 32:15); 2. LN 12.22 pagan god (2Ch 32:15; Da 11:37, 38,39; Hab 1:11+), see also 466; 3. LN 6.96–6.101 idol, i.e., an artifact that is worshiped (Job 12:6+)

469 I. אֱלוּל (ʾělûl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 435; TWOT 97—LN 67.163–67.200 (month of calendar) Elul: the 6th month of the Babylonian calendar, known now as August-September (Ne 6:15+), see also 470

470 II. אֱלוּל (ʾělûl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 434; TWOT 99a—LN 53.53–53.64 idolatry, i.e., an exhortation to worship and reverence another god, with possibly a contextual emphasis on revelation from this god (Jer 14:14 K+) note: there may be an implied associative meaning of something of little value, or worthlessness, for Q, see 496

471 I. אֵלוֹן (ʾē·lôn): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 436; TWOT 45i—LN 3.2–3.12 a large tree, i.e., a very prominent tree, of an unknown species, though oak and terebinth are suggested by some versions and lexicons (Ge 12:6; 13:18; 14:13; 18:1; Dt 11:30; Jos 19:33; Jdg 4:11; 9:6, 37; 1Sa 10:3+), note: the emphasis in theses contexts seems is on the largeness or prominence and not on the species; note: for Jos 19:33 as n.pr.loc. see 472

472 II. אֵלוֹן (ʾē·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 356;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elon: son of Zebulun (Ge 46:14; Nu 26:26+), see also 533, note: KJV, NEB (Elon-bezaanannim) in Jos 19:33 for 169oak170 or 169large tree170 in Zaanannim, see 471

473 I. אַלּוֹן (ʾǎl·lôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 437; TWOT 100b—LN 3.2–3.12 a large tree, i.e., a species or variety of oak, of the genus DQuercusD, which can grow very large (Ge 35:8; Isa 2:13; 6:13; 44:14; Eze 27:6; Hos 4:13; Am 2:9; Zec 11:2+), note: the sources consulted seem uniform that this is a specific species; also, a part of a compound name, Allon Bacuth, see 475

474 II. אַלּוֹן (ʾǎl·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 438;—LN 93-pers. (male) Allon: of Simeon (1Ch 4:37+)

475 אַלּוֹן בָּכוּת (ʾǎl·lôn bā·ḵûṯ): n.pr. [BDB: 473 + 1139]; ≡ Str 439;—LN 93-place (loc.) Allon Bacuth: burial site, possibly near Bethel (Ge 35:8+)

476 I. אַלּוּף (ʾǎl·lûp̄): n.masc. [see also 476.5]; ≡ Str 441; TWOT 109b—1. LN 25.33–25.58 close friend, i.e., a special confidant and companion, implying a loving, familial relationship (Ps 55:14[EB 13]; Pr 16:28; 17:9; Jer 3:4; Mic 7:5+); 2. LN 4.1–4.37 ox, large mammal, i.e., a castrated male domestic of the bovine family, for manageability and work (Ps 144:14+); 3. LN 10.53–10.61 husband, i.e., one’s longtime partner based in marriage (Pr 2:17+); 4. LN 34.42–34.49 special allies, i.e., two parties associated in political relationship (Jer 13:21+)

אַלּוּף (ʾǎl·lûp̄): adj. [served by 476]; ≡ Str 441; TWOT 109b—LN 37.1–37.32 gentle, tame, i.e., pertaining to what is not wild but manageable and able to be subdued (Jer 11:19+)

477 II. אַלּוּף (ʾǎl·lûp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 441; TWOT 109b—1. LN 37.48–37.95 leader, i.e., a local ruler over an area (Zec 9:7; 12:5, 6+); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 chief, i.e., a main clan leader over a family, a leader over very many, the exact number not known (Ge 36:15–43 passim; Ex 15:15; 1Ch 1:51–54 passim+)

478 אָלוּשׁ (ʾā·lûš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 442;—LN 93-place (loc.) Alush: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:13, 14+)

אֵלוֹת (ʾē·lôṯ) Holladay: see 393

479 אֶלְזָבָד (ʾěl·zā·ḇāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 443;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elzabad: 1. of Gad, a warrior who defected to David (1Ch 12:13[EB 12]+) 2. of Korah, a doorkeeper (1Ch 26:7+)

אלח (ʾlḥ): see 480

480 אָלַח (ʾā·lǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 444; TWOT 98—LN 88.262–88.270 (nif) corrupt, i.e., pertaining to being morally depraved and perverse (Job 15:16; Ps 14:3; 53:4[EB 3]+), note: for nif ptcp. as a, see 5534.8

481 אֶלְחָנָן (ʾěl·ḥā·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 445;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elhanan: 1. son of Jair (2Sa 21:19; 1Ch 20:5+) 2. one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:24; 1Ch 11:26+)

אֻלַי (ʾǔ·lǎy) BDB: see 218 (Ge 24:39+)

482 אֱלִיאָב (ʾělî·ʾāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 446;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliab: 1. of Zebulun, son of Helon (Nu 1:9; 2:7; 7:24, 29; 10:16+) 2. of Reuben (Nu 16:1, 12; 26:8, 9; Dt 11:6+) 3. of Samuel (1Ch 6:12[EB 27]+), see also 491(1.), 483(3.) 4. of Jesse, David’s brother (1Sa 16:6; 17:13, 28; 1Ch 2:13; 2Ch 11:18+), see also 490(2.) 5. Levitical musician (1Ch 15:18, 20; 16:5+) 6. Gadite warrior for David’sing. army (1Ch 12:10[EB 9]+)

483 אֱלִיאֵל (ʾělî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 447;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliel: 1. of Manasseh, E of Jordan (1Ch 5:24+) 2. Levitical musician in the temple (1Ch 6:19[EB 34]+) see also 482(3.) 3. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:20+) 4. a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:46+) 5. Levite bearer of ark (1Ch 15:9, 11+) 6. Levite of the time of Hezekiah (2Ch 31:13+) 7. another of Benjamin (1Ch 8:22+) 8. another great warrior for David (1Ch 11:47+) 9. yet another great warrior for David (1Ch 12:12[EB 11]+)

484 אֱלִיאָתָה (ʾělî·ʾā·ṯā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 448;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliathah: of Heman, grandson of Asaph (1Ch 25:4+), see also 517

485 אֱלִידָד (ʾělî·ḏāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 419, 449;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elidad: of Benjamin (Nu 34:21+)

486 אֶלְיָדָע (ʾěl·yā·ḏāʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 450;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliada: 1. son of David (2Sa 5:16; 1Ch 3:8+), see also 1269 2. father of Rezon (1Ki 11:23+) 3. a military commander (2Ch 17:17+)

487 אַלְיָה (ʾǎl·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 451; TWOT 95a—LN 8.44 fat tail, i.e., a specific animal body part of a sheep (Ex 29:22; Lev 3:9; 7:3; 8:25; 9:19+), note: for 1Sa 9:24 cj (BDB, Tanakh ftn, NJB), for in NIV and most versions, see 6584

488 אֵלִיָּה (ʾē·liy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 452;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elijah: 1. powerful prophet (2Ki 1:3, 4, 8, 12; Mal 3:23[EB 4:5]+), see also 489(1.) 2. of Jeroham (1Ch 8:27+) 3. a divorcee priest who married a foreign wife (Ezr 10:21+) 4. of Elam, divorcee priest who married a foreign wife (Ezr 10:26), see also 489

489 אֵלִיָּהוּ (ʾē·liy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 452;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elijahu (Elijah NIV): powerful prophet (1Ki 17:1–21:28; 2Ki 1:10–10:17 passim; 2Ch 21:12+), see also 488(1.)

490 אֱלִיהוּ (ʾělî·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 453;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elihu: 1. gatekeeper (1Ch 26:7+) 2. of Jesse, David’s brother (1Ch 27:18+), see also 482(4.) 3. youngest of Job’sing. friends (Job 32:4; 35:1+), see also 491(5.)

491 אֱלִיהוּא (ʾělî·hû(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 453;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elihu: 1. great-grandfather of Samuel (1Sa 1:1+), see also 482(3.) 2. of Manassah (1Ch 12:21[EB 20]+) 3. see 490(1.) 4. see 490(2.) 5. The youngest of Job’s friends (Job 32:2, 5, 6; 34:1; 36:1+), see also 490(3.)

אֱלִיהוֹעֵינַי (ʾělî·hô·ʿê·nǎy) Holladay: see 492, 501

492 אֶלְיְהוֹעֵינַי (ʾěl·yehô·ʿê·nǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 454;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliehoenai: 1. of Korah, son of gatekeeper (1Ch 26:3+) 2. returnee from captivity (Ezr 8:4+)

493 אֶלְיוֹעֵינַי (ʾěl·yô·ʿê·nǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 454;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elioenai: 1. of David (1Ch 3:23, 24+) 2. of Simeon (1Ch 4:36+) 3. of Benjamin (1Ch 7:8+) 4. son of Pashhur, a divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:22+) 5. son of Zattu, a divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:27+) 6. priest in a choir (Ne 12:41+)

494 אֶלְיַחְבָּא (ʾěl·yǎḥ·bā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 455;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliahba: one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:32; 1Ch 11:33+)

495 אֱלִיחֹרֶף (ʾělî·ḥō·rěp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 456;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elihoreph: son of Shisha, chief official for Solomon (1Ki 4:3+)

496 אֱלִיל (ʾělîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 457; TWOT 99a—1. LN 6.96–6.101 idols, i.e., crafted images which are artifacts of worship (Lev 19:4; 26:1; 1Ch 16:26; Ps 96:5; 97:7; Isa 2:8, 18, 20; 10:10, 11; 19:1, 3; 31:7; Eze 30:13; Hab 2:18+), note: there may be an implied associative meaning of worthlessness; 2. LN 53.63 idolatries, i.e., an exhortation to worship and reverence another god (Jer 14:14 Q+), for another interp, see prior; 3. LN 65.1–65.16 worthless, i.e., a person who performs a job poorly, and so considered ineffectual and useless (Job 13:4; Zec 11:17+)

497 אֱלִימֶלֶךְ (ʾělî·mě·lěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 458;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elimelech: Ephrathite from Bethlehem, husband of Naomi (Ru 1:2, 3; 2:1, 3; 4:3, 9+)

498 אֶלְיָסָף (ʾěl·yā·sāp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 460;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliasaph: 1. of Gad, son of Deuel (Nu 1:14; 2:14; 7:42, 47; 10:20+) 2. of Gershon, son of Lael (Nu 3:24+)

499 אֱלִיעֶזֶר (ʾělî·ʿě·zěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 461;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliezer: 1. Abraham’s servant (Ge 15:2+) 2. son of Moses-Zipporah (Ex 18:4; 1Ch 23:15, 17; 26:25+) 3. grandson of Benjamin (1Ch 7:8+) 4. trumpet blowing priest (1Ch 15:24+) 5. of Reuben (1Ch 27:16+) 6. prophet who rebuked Jehoshaphat (2Ch 20:37+) 7. encouraging leader with Ezra (Ezr 8:16+) 8. a divorcee priest who married a foreign wife (Ezr 10:18+) 9. a divorcee Levite who married a foreign wife (Ezr 10:23+) 10. of Harim, a divorcee who married a foreign wife (Ezr 10:31+) 11. Lk 3:29, see DBLGrk 1808

500 אֱלִיעָם (ʾělî·ʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 463;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliam: 1. father-in-law of Uriah, then David (2Sa 11:3+), see also 6653(2.) 2. one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:34+)

501 אֱלִיעֵנַי (ʾělî·ʿē·nǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 462;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elienai: of Benjamin, of Shimhi (1Ch 8:20+)

502 אֱלִיפַז (ʾělî·p̄ǎz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 464;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliphaz: 1. son of Esau-Adah (Ge 36:4–16 passim; 1Ch 1:35, 36+) 2. friend of Job (Job 2:11; 4:1; 15:1; 22:1; 42:7, 9+)

אֱלִיפָז (ʾělî·p̄āz) Holladay: see 502

503 אֱלִיפַל (ʾělî·p̄ǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 465;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliphal: great warrior for David (1Ch 11:35+)

אֱלִיפָל (ʾělî·p̄āl) BDB: see 503

504 אֱלִיפְלֵהוּ (ʾělî·p̄elē·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 466;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliphelehu: Levite harp player (1Ch 15:18, 21+)

505 אֱלִיפֶלֶט (ʾělî·p̄ě·lěṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 467;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliphelet: 1. son of David (2Sa 5:16; 1Ch 3:6, 8; 14:7+), see also 550 2. one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:34+) 3. of Benjamin, of Saul (1Ch 8:39+) 4. a returnee with Ezra (Ezr 8:13+) 5. son of Hashum, divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:33+)

506 אֱלִיצוּר (ʾělî·ṣûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 468;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elizur: of Reuben, assistant in census of Israel (Nu 1:5; 2:10; 7:30, 35; 10:18+)

507 אֱלִיצָפָן (ʾělî·ṣā·p̄ān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 469;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elizaphan: 1. head of the Kohath clan (Nu 3:30; 1Ch 15:8; 2Ch 29:13+), see also 553 2. of Zebulun, who helped assign the land of Canaan (Nu 34:25+)

508 אֱלִיקָא (ʾělî·qā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 470;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elika: one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:25+)

509 אֶלְיָקִים (ʾěl·yā·qîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 471;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliakim: 1. son of Hilkiah (2Ki 18:18, 26, 37; 19:2; Isa 22:20; 36:3, 11, 22; 37:2+) 2. of Josiah, puppet king of Judah (2Ki 23:34; 2Ch 36:4+), note: some relate to 3383 3. a priest dedicating rebuilt walls (Ne 12:41+) 4. Mt 1:13, see DBLGrk 1806(1.) 5. Lk 3:30, see DBLGrk 1806(2.)

510 אֱלִישֶׁבַע (ʾělî·šě·ḇǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 472;—LN 93-pers. (female) Elisheba: wife of Aaron (Ex 6:23+)

511 אֱלִישָׁה (ʾělî·šā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 473;—LN 93-pers. Elishah: (male) of Javan (Ge 10:4; 1Ch 1:7+), note: some relate to 511.5

אֱלִישָׁה (ʾělî·šā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 473;—LN 93-place (loc.) Elishah: coastal region and its inhabitants, likely part of Cyprus (Eze 27:7+), note: some relate to 511

512 אֱלִישׁוּעַ (ʾělî·šûaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 474;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elishua: son of David (2Sa 5:15; 14:5+), note: for MT text in 1Ch 3:6, see 514

513 אֶלְיָשִׁיב (ʾěl·yā·šîḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 475;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliashib: 1. priest in the time of David (1Ch 24:12+) 2. of David, of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:24+) 3. high priest in the time of Nehemiah (Ne 3:1, 20, 21; 12:10; 12:22; 13:4; 7, 28+), note: some say same as 7. 4. divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:24+) 5. another divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:27+) 6. yet another divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:36+) 7. father of Johanan (Ezr 10:6; Ne 12:23+), note: some say same as 3.

514 אֱלִישָׁמָע (ʾělî·šā·māʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 476;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elishama: 1. of Ephraim, grandfather of Joshua (Nu 1:10; 2:18; 7:48, 53; 10:22; 1Ch 7:26+) 2. son of David (2Sa 5:16; 1Ch 3:6, 8; 14:7+) 3. grandfather of Ishmael (2Ki 25:25; Jer 41:1+) 4. of Judah (1Ch 2:41+) 5. priest (2Ch 17:8+) 6. secretary at Jehoiakim’s court (Jer 36:12, 20, 21+), note: for NIV text in 1Ch 3:6, see 512

515 אֱלִישָׁע (ʾělî·šāʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 477;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elisha: successor of prophet Elijah (1Ki 19:16, 17, 19; 2Ki 2:1–13:21 passim+)

516 אֱלִישָׁפָט (ʾělî·šā·p̄āṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 478;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elishaphat: of Judah, commander in a revolt (2Ch 23:1+)

517 אֱלִיָּתָה (ʾěliy·yā·ṯā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 448;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eliathah: of Heman, grandson of Asaph (1Ch 25:27+), see also 484

אֱלִל (ʾělil): see 496 (Job 13:4; Isa 10:10+)

518 אַלְלַי (ʾǎl·lǎy): inj.; ≡ Str 480; TWOT 101—LN 22.69 Woe!, What misery!, Alas!, i.e., an expression of misery or trouble on someone (Job 10:15; Mic 7:1+)

אלם (ʾlm) Lisowsky: see 519, 520

519 I. אָלַם (ʾā·lǎm): v.; ≡ Str 481; TWOT 102—LN 33.69–33.108 (nif) be silenced, be speechless, i.e., to be unable to speak or talk (Ps 31:19[EB 18]; 39:3[EB 2],10[EB 9]; Isa 53:7; Eze 3:26; 24:27; 33:22; Da 10:15+), note: there may be the associative meaning of being humbled, or piousness

520 II. אָלַם (ʾā·lǎm): v.; ≡ Str 481; TWOT 102—LN 18.13 (piel) bind, i.e., to tie up a bundle; here stalks into a grain-sheaf on a farm (Ge 37:7+)

521 אֵלֶם (ʾē·lěm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 482; TWOT 102b—LN 14.74–14.86 silence, i.e., the condition or state of having no sound (Ps 56:1[EB title] K; 58:2[EB 1] K+), note: Ps 58:2[EB 1] in the NIV read as 380; note: in Ps 56:1[EB title] NIV text is 381; for other text solutions, see BHS ftn

522 אִלֵּם (ʾil·lēm): adj.; ≡ Str 483; TWOT 102c—LN 33.69–33.108 mute, i.e., pertaining to being unable to speak (Ex 4:11; Isa 56:10; Hab 2:18+)

אֵלָם (ʾē·lām): see 395

אִלֵּם (ʾil·lēm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 483; TWOT 102c—LN 33.69–33.108 a mute, i.e., a person that cannot speak (Ps 38:14[EB 13]; Pr 31:8; Isa 35:6+)

אֻלָּם (ʾǔl·lām) or אֻלָם (ʾǔ·lām) BDB: see 219, 220

523 אַלְמֻגִּים (ʾǎl·mǔg·gîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 484; TWOT 89c—LN 3.2–3.12 valued tree, transliterated as almugwood (1Ki 10:11, 12+), note: traditionally sandal-wood, but some suggest a species of Juniper, Juniperus phoenicea, see also 454

524 אֲלֻמָּה (ʾǎlǔm·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 485; TWOT 102a—1. LN 18.16 sheaf, i.e., a bundle of things tied together; here stalks of grain for transport (Ge 37:7); 2. LN 68.22–68.33 sheaf, i.e., the figurative extension of something that is completed and has a positive resolution (Ps 126:6+)

525 אַלְמוֹדָד (ʾǎl·mô·ḏāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 486;—LN 93-pers. (male) Almodad: progeny of Joktan, which came to refer to a south Arabic people (Ge 10:26; 1Ch 1:20+)

אֶלְמוֹדָד (ʾěl·mô·ḏāḏ) BDB: see 525

526 אַלַּמֶּלֶךְ (ʾǎl·lǎm·mě·lěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 487;—LN 93-place (loc.) Allammelech: town in Asher (Jos 19:26+)

527 I. אַלְמָן (ʾǎl·mān): adj. [see also 527.5]; ≡ Str 488; TWOT 103—LN 10.53–10.61 widowed, i.e., pertaining to being forsaken by a marital partner because of death (Jer 51:5+), note: this is a figurative extension for not having a relationship to the Lord, for another interp, see 527.5

אַלְמָן (ʾǎl·mān): n.masc. [served by 527]; ≡ Str 488; TWOT 103—LN 10.53–10.61 widower, i.e., one whose spouse has died (Jer 51:5+), for another interp, see 527

528 II. אַלְמָן (ʾǎl·mān): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 488; TWOT 103—LN 7.2–7.25 stronghold, palace, i.e., a structure which is in a population center for either military or government (Isa 13:22+), note: oth read as 810; Eze 19:7, oth read as 530

529 אַלְמֹן (ʾǎl·mōn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 489; TWOT 104—LN 10.53–10.61 widowhood, i.e., in the state of being without a spouse because of death (Isa 47:9+), note: here it is a figurative extension of a state of abandonment

530 אַלְמָנָה (ʾǎl·mā·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 490; TWOT 105—LN 10.53–10.61 widow, i.e., one whose spouse has died (Ge 38:11; Zec 7:10; Mal 3:5), note: often there is an associative meaning of a class of persons, low in status, meager in resources, and so pitiable that society was to take special effort to help them

531 אַלְמָנוּת (ʾǎl·mā·nûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 491; TWOT 106—LN 10.53–10.61 widowhood, i.e., the state of being without a spouse because of death of that person (Ge 38:14, 19; 2Sa 20:3; Isa 54:4+), note: the state of widowhood had certain social traditions to show mourning

אַלְמְנוֹתָיו (ʾǎl·menô·ṯāyw): see 528 (Isa 13:22+), note: see BHS ftn, read as 810

532 אַלְמֹנִי (ʾǎl·mō·nî): adj.; ≡ Str 492; TWOT 107—1. LN 92.11–92.25 unit: פְּלֹנִי אַלְמֹנִי (pelō·nî ʾǎl·mō·nî) a certain one, a so-and-so, i.e., describing a non-descriptive person (Ru 4:1+), note: there does not seem to be any disrespect in this expression, but simply that the person’s name is not important; 2. LN 92.11–92.25 unit: פְּלֹנִי אַלְמֹנִי מָקוֹם (pelō·nî ʾǎl·mō·nî mā·qôm) a certain such-and-such a place, wherever, i.e., describing a non-descriptive place (1Sa 21:3[EB 2]; 2Ki 6:8+), note: the use of this term implies that the exact name of the place is not important to the story

533 אֵלֹנִי (ʾē·lō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 440;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Elonite: pertaining to the son of Zebulun (Nu 26:26+), see also 472

534 אֶלְנָעַם (ʾěl·nā·ʿǎm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 493;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elnaam: father of Jeribai and Joshaviah (1Ch 11:46+)

535 אֶלְנָתָן (ʾěl·nā·ṯān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 494;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elnathan: 1. father of Nehushta, Jehoiachin’s mother (2Ki 24:8; Jer 26:22; 36:12, 25+) 2. one summoned to the Ahava canal (Ezr 8:16a+) 3. another summoned to the Ahava canal (Ezr 8:16b+) 4. another summoned to the Ahava canal (Ezr 8:16c+)

536 אֶלָּסָר (ʾěl·lā·sār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 495;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ellasar: some identify with the southern Babylonian kingdom of Larsa (Ge 14:1, 9+)

537 אֶלְעָד (ʾěl·ʿāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 496;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elead: of Ephraim (1Ch 7:21+)

538 אֶלְעָדָה (ʾěl·ʿā·ḏā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 497;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eleadah: of Ephraim (1Ch 7:20+)

539 אֶלְעוּזַי (ʾěl·ʿû·zǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 498;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eluzai: Benjamite warrior (1Ch 12:6[EB 5]+)

540 אֶלְעָזָר (ʾěl·ʿā·zār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 499;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eleazar: 1. son of Aaron-Elisheba (Ex 6:23; Nu 3:2) 2. son of Abinadab (1Sa 7:1+) 3. son of Dodai (2Sa 23:9; 1Ch 11:12+) 4. Levite, son of Mahli (1Ch 23:21, 22; 24:28+) 5. Levite, custodian of the temple treasures (Ezr 8:33+) 6. divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:25+) 7. Levite musician (Ne 12:42+) 8. for NT, see DBLGrk 1789

541 אֶלְעָלֵא (ʾěl·ʿā·lē(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 500;—LN 93-place (loc.) Elealeh: town W of the Jordan, about two miles N-NE of Heshbon, (Nu 32:37+), see also 542

542 אֶלְעָלֵה (ʾěl·ʿā·lē(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 500;—LN 93-place (loc.) Elealeh: town W of the Jordan, about two miles N-NE of Heshbon, (Nu 32:3; Isa 15:4; 16:9; Jer 48:34+), see also 541

543 אֶלְעָשָׂה (ʾěl·ʿā·śā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 501;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eleasah: 1. of Judah, of the Jerahmeelites (1Ch 2:39, 40+) 2. of Benjamin, of Saul (1Ch 8:37; 9:43+) 3. royal letter courier (Jer 29:3+), note: called Elasah in NIV 4. divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:22+), note: called Elasah in NIV

I. אלף (ʾlp): see 544

544 I. אָלַף (ʾā·lǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 502; TWOT 108—1. LN 27.1–27.26 (qal) learn, i.e., become familiar with and so adopt as one’s own (Pr 22:25+); 2. LN 33.224–33.250 (piel) teach, instruct (Job 33:33; 35:11+), note: the contexts imply the imparting of wisdom; 3. LN 33.299–33.306 prompt, i.e., to urge another to a certain speech (Job 15:5+)

II. אלף (ʾlp): see 545

545 II. אָלַף (ʾā·lǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 503; TWOT 109—LN 60.75–60.78 (hif) increase by thousandfold, i.e., produce a very great abundance as a multiple of one thousand (Ps 144:13+), see also domain LN 59.48–59.61; note: this is likely a figurative extension of a very large number

546 I. אֶלֶף (ʾě·lěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 504; TWOT 108a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 cattle herd, i.e., a group of large ruminating, grazing mammals of the domestic bovine family (Dt 7:13; 28:4, 18, 51; Ps 8:8[EB 7]+), note: Ps 50:10 some read as 547; 2. LN 4.1–4.37 oxen, large mammal, i.e., a castrated male domestic of the bovine family, for manageability and work (Pr 14:4; Isa 30:24+)

547 II. אֶלֶף (ʾě·lěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 505; TWOT 109a—LN 60.10–60.45 thousand, i.e., a cardinal number, a very large number, assumed to be an actual mathematical cardinal, but in some contexts may mean a very great, countless number (Ge 20:16), note: usually used in compound with other numbers greater than one thousand; note: Ps 50:10 some read as 546; note: Nu 10:36, Isa 60:22 some place under 548

548 III. אֶלֶף (ʾě·lěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 505; TWOT 109a—1. LN 10.1–10.13 clan, i.e., a subgroup of a main clan/tribe division as an extended family unit (Jdg 6:15), see also 547; 2. LN 55.7–55.13 military unit, i.e., a group of soldiers as a subgroup of an army (Nu 31:48), see also 547; 3. LN 1.82–1.85 district, formally, clan, i.e., an administrative geographical area (1Sa 23:23)

549 IV. אֶלֶף (ʾě·lěp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 507;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eleph: part of a compound name, Haeleph, see 2030

אֶלְפָּלֶט (ʾěl·pā·lěṭ) Holladay: see 550

550 אֶלְפֶּלֶט (ʾěl·pě·lěṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 467;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elpelet: son of David (1Ch 14:5+), see 505(1.)

551 אֶלְפַּעַל (ʾěl·pǎ·ʿǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 508;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elpaal: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:11, 12, 18+)

אֶלְפָּעַל (ʾěl·pā·ʿǎl) BDB: see 551

אלץ (ʾlṣ): see 552

552 אָלַץ (ʾā·lǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 509; TWOT 110—LN 33.319–33.322 (piel) prod, urge, i.e., speak with insistent words, with a clear implication of incessant harassment (Jdg 16:16+)

553 אֶלְצָפָן (ʾěl·ṣā·p̄ān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 469;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elzaphan: of Kohath, a Levite (Ex 6:22; Lev 10:4+), see also 507

554 אַלְקוּם (ʾǎl·qûm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 510; TWOT 90—LN 55.7–55.13 army, forces, i.e., a band of soldiers (Pr 30:31+), note: sources give several different translations for this word, and questions about the text; see also BHS ftn

555 אֶלְקָנָה (ʾěl·qā·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 511;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elkanah: 1. son of Korah (Ex 6:24; 1Ch 6:10[EB 25]+), note: some see 1Ch as referring to a separate person 2. father of Samuel (1Sa 1:1, 4, 8, 19, 21, 23; 2:11, 20; 1Ch 6:19[EB 34]+) 3. ambidextrous Benjamite warrior (1Ch 12:7[EB 6]+) 4. official of the court of Ahaz (2Ch 28:7+) 5. of Kohath (1Ch 6:8[EB 23])+ 6. another of Kohath (1Ch 6:11[EB 26]+) 7. another of Kohath, musician (1Ch 6:12[EB 27]+) 8. another of Kohath, musician (1Ch 6:20[EB 35]+) 9. another of Kohath, musician (1Ch 6:21[EB 36]+) 10. another of Kohath, among the Netophathites (1Ch 9:16+) 11. another of Kohath, doorkeeper (1Ch 5:23+)

556 אֶלְקֹשִׁי (ʾěl·qō·šî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 512;—LN 93-place (gent. of a place) Elkoshite: often identified as a south Judean town (Na 1:1+)

557 אֶלְתּוֹלַד (ʾěl·tô·lǎḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 513;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eltolad: town of Simeon, in the S of Judah (Jos 15:30; 19:4+), see also 9351

558 אֶלְתְּקֵא (ʾěl·teqē(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 514;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eltekeh: town of Dan, assigned to the Levites (Jos 21:23+), see also 559

559 אֶלְתְּקֵה (ʾěl·teqē(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 514;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eltekeh: town of Dan, assigned to the Levites (Jos 19:44+), see also 558

560 אֶלְתְּקוֹן (ʾěl·teqôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 515;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eltekon: town of Judah, in the district of Beth-zur (Jos 15:59+)

561 אִם (ʾim): pt.; ≡ Str 518; TWOT 111—1. LN 89.65–89.70 if, i.e., a marker of a condition, real or unreal, with or contrary to fact (Ge 4:7); 2. LN 67.17–67.64 whenever, as often as, i.e., a marker of indefinite and multiple points of time (Ge 38:9); 3. LN 89.65–89.70 whether, i.e., a marker of an indirect condition (Ecc 12:14); 4. LN 89.71–89.75 even though, although, i.e., a marker of a concession (Jdg 13:16); 5. LN 91.6–91.12 unit: אִם לֹא (ʾim lō(ʾ)) surely, formally, if not, i.e., a marker of emphasis in a discourse (1Ki 20:23); 6. LN 89.65–89.70 unit: אִם (ʾim) … אִם (ʾim) whether … or, i.e., a multiple marker of condition (Ex 19:13); 7. LN 89.65–89.70 If?, i.e., a marker of a question, introducing a condition, real or unreal (Ge 38:17), note: these categories are likely incomplete; see grammars and lexicons, esp. BDB

562 אֵם (ʾēm): n.fem.; ≡ Str 517; TWOT 115a—1. LN 10.14–10.48 mother, i.e., biological or adoptive female parent of any creature (Ge 2:24; Ex 22:29[EB 30]); 2. LN 10.14–10.48 grandmother, i.e., the mother of a child’s parents (1Ki 15:10, 13; 2Ch 15:16); 3. LN 35.36–35.46 caregiver, provider, formally, mother, i.e., one who cares, helps, and protects an object as a figurative extension of a biological mother (Jdg 5:7; 2Sa 20:19); 4. LN 1.99–1.105 fork of the road, i.e., an intersecting point in two different paths, as a particular place on a path or road (Eze 21:26[EB 21]); 5. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: אָח אֵם (ʾāḥ ʾēm) uncle, formally, brother of mother, i.e., a sibling of one’s mother (Ge 29:10); 6. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: מִן בֶּטֶן אֵם (min bě·ṭěn ʾēm) birth, formally, from womb of mother, i.e., the time of one’s coming into the world from the womb (Jdg 16:17; Job 31:18); 7. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: מֵעֶה אֵם (mē·ʿě(h) ʾēm) birth, formally, loins of mother, i.e., the time of one’s coming into the world from the womb (Isa 49:1)

563 אָמָה (ʾā·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 519; TWOT 112—1. LN 87.76–87.86 slave woman, female servant, maidservant, i.e., one owned as property, with a low social status implied (Ge 20:17); 2. LN 35.19–35.30 servant, i.e., the figurative extension of being a slave or property, implying a relationship of humility and service to a superior (Ru 3:9)

564 I. אַמָּה (ʾǎm·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 520; TWOT 115c—1. LN 81.25–81.29 cubit, i.e., a measurement of length, the length of a forearm, from the tip of the hand to the elbow on the same arm (Ge 6:16), note: the NIV renders its at about 18 inches; note: NIV text in Eze 42:16, see 564; 2. LN 67.142–67.162 unit of time, i.e., a certain specific measure of time, not currently known (Jer 51:13); 3. LN 81.25–81.29 unit: אַמָּה אִישׁ (ʾǎm·mā(h) ʾîš)1 regular cubit, formally, certain cubit, i.e., the normal reckoning of a cubit, in contrast to a royal cubit, or some other cubit measure (Dt 3:11), note: Isa 6:4, see 567

565 II. אַמָּה (ʾǎm·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 522;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ammah: hill near Gibeon (2Sa 2:24+), note: some ancient versions translate as “aqueduct,” or “canal.”

566 III. אַמָּה (ʾǎm·mā(h)): n.pr. [oth n.fem.]; ≡ Str 4965;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ammah: part of a compound name, Metheg-Ammah, see 5497, note: BDB, et. al., translate this as a common noun, “metropolis.”

567 IV. אַמָּה (ʾǎm·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 520; TWOT 115c—LN 6.215–6.225 doorpost, pivot, i.e., a pivot of a door, set in a threshold, for vertical turning of a door (Isa 6:4+), see also 564

568 אֵמָה (ʾē·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 367; TWOT 80b—LN 81.25–81.29 cubit, i.e., a measure of length of the forearm from the tip of the hand to the elbow on the same arm (Eze 42:16 K+), note: read as 565, note: for Q, see 399; note: see BHS ftn for text solutions

569 אֻמָּה (ʾǔm·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 523; TWOT 115e—1. LN 10.2 tribe, family clan based on a relatively close kinship (Ge 25:16; Nu 25:15+), note: for another interp of text in Ps 44:15[EB 14]; 57:10[EB 9]; 108:4[EB 3]; 149:7, see 4211; 2. LN 11.1–11.11 peoples, i.e., a national group, larger than mere clan (Ps 117:1+)

570 I. אָמוֹן (ʾā·môn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 525, 527, 539;—LN 45 craftsman, i.e., one who fashions artifacts as a master of the craft (Pr 8:30; Jer 52:15+)

571 II. אָמוֹן (ʾā·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 526; TWOT 113—LN 93-pers. (male) Amon: 1. governor of Samaria (1Ki 22:26; 2Ch 18:25+) 2. ancestor of one of Solomon’s servants (Ne 7:59+), see also 577 3. king of Judah (2Ki 21:18–25 passim; 1Ch 3:14; 2Ch 33:20–25 passim; (Jer 1:2; 25:3; Zep 1:1+)

572 III. אָמוֹן (ʾā·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 527, 528;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Amon: an Egyptian deity of Thebes (Jer 46:25+); also, a part of a compound name, No Amon, (Thebes in NIV) see 5531

573 I. אֵמוּן (ʾē·mûn): adj.; ≡ Str 529; TWOT 116d—LN 31.82–31.101 faithful, reliable, trustworthy, i.e., pertaining to that which is relied or depended on (2Sa 20:19+), note: Ps 12:2[EB 1] see also 574; note: Holladay translates “true, reliable;” see also domain LN 73

574 II. אֵמוּן (ʾē·mûn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 529; TWOT 116d—1. LN 31.82–31.101 faithfulness, reliability, trustworthiness, i.e., a state or condition of being dependable and loyal to a person or standard (Dt 32:20; Pr 13:17; 14:5; 20:6; Isa 26:2+); 2. LN 31.82–31.101 the faithful, trustworthy one, i.e., a person that is dependable to a person or standard (Ps 12:2[EB 1]; 31:24[EB 23]+), note: in some contexts there may be a focus on faithful behavior; note: see also 573, 575; note: for La 4:5+, see 587 qal pass.

575 אֱמוּנָה (ʾěmû·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 530; TWOT 116e—1. LN 31.82–31.101 faithfulness, trustworthiness, steadiness, entrusted, i.e., a state or condition of being dependable to a person or standard (Dt 32:4; 1Sa 26:23; 2Ki 22:7; 1Ch 9:22, 26, 31; 2Ch 19:9; 31:12, 15, 18; 34:12; Ps 33:4; 36:6[EB 5]; 40:11[EB 10]; 88:12[EB 11]; 89:2[EB 1],3[EB 2],6[EB 5],9[EB 8],25[EB 24],34[EB 33],50[EB 49]; 92:3[EB 2]; 98:3; 100:5; 119:75, 86, 90,138; 143:1; Pr 28:20; Isa 11:5; 25:1; 33:6; La 3:23; Hos 2:22[EB 20]; Hab 2:4+); 2. LN 17 steadiness, i.e., pertaining to a state which has no linear or non-linear movement (Ex 17:12+); 3. LN 88.39–88.45 honesty, i.e., a state of being completely truthful (2Ki 12:16[EB 15]; Pr 12:17, 22; Isa 59:4+); 4. LN 21.9–21.13 security, safety, i.e., a state which is free from danger (Ps 37:3+); 5. LN 70 truth, i.e., that which conforms to reality, and the standard it represents (Ps 96:13; 119:30; Jer 5:1, 3; 7:28; 9:2[EB 3]+), see also domain LN 72

576 אָמוֹץ (ʾā·môṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 531;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amoz: father of Isaiah (2Ki 19:2, 20; 20:1; 2Ch 26:22; 32:20, 32; Isa 1:1; 2:1; 13:1; 20:2; 37:2, 21; 38:1+)

אֵמוֹת (ʾē·môṯ) Holladay: see 568 (Eze 42:16 K+)

577 אָמִי (ʾā·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 532;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ami: royal servant’s son (Ezr 2:57+), see also 571

אֲמִילַם (ʾǎmî·lǎm) Holladay: see 4577 hif + 4392 (Ps 118:10, 11, 12+)

אֵמִים (ʾē·mîm): see 400 (Dt 2:10, 11+)

578 אֲמִינוֹן (ʾǎmî·nôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 550;—LN 93-pers. (male) Aminon (Amnon NIV): David’s first son (2Sa 13:20+), see also 596(1.)

579 אַמִּיץ (ʾǎm·mîṣ): adj.; ≡ Str 533; TWOT 117d—1. LN 34.22–34.30 strong, i.e., pertaining to being widespread and having acceptance (2Sa 15:12+); 2. LN 74 mighty, i.e., pertaining to having ability or being capable (Job 9:4, 19; Isa 28:2; 40:26; Am 2:16+)

580 אָמִיר (ʾā·mîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 534; TWOT 118d—1. LN 3.47–3.59 treetop branch, i.e., a part of a tree which includes limbs of a tree at or nearly at the very top; in context an olive tree (Isa 17:6+), note: an area perceived to be difficult to reach, note: some (KJV, NKJV, NASB) also place verse 9 here, others see next entries; note: BDB also places Ge 49:21, but see 611; 2. LN 1.46–1.50 (BDB) summit of a mountain (Isa 17:9+), note: for another interp, see next; 3. LN 3.13–3.32 (NIV) underbrush, i.e., a general term for briars and thick brush area (Isa 17:9+), note: in context, the growth of these plants in a cultivated area is a sign of neglect and desolation, note: for different text as n.pr. “Amorites and Hivites” (RSV, NRSV, NEB, REB, NAB, BHS ftn), also the Tanakh keeps the MT text and transliterates “Horesh and Amir.” note: this editor believes NIV to be the most contextually determined meaning of MT text

אמל (ʾml) Lisowsky: see 581

581 I. אָמַל (ʾā·mǎl): v.; ≡ Str 535; TWOT 114—1. LN 30.86–30.107 (qal pass.) be weak-willed, i.e., pertaining to not being decisive in choosing a right standard (Eze 16:30+), see also domain LN 26; 2. LN 25.270–25.287 (pulal) languish, pine away, i.e., be in a state of sorrow and mourning, which may cause physical weakness (1Sa 2:5; Isa 19:8; 24:4b; Jer 14:2; La 2:8+); 3. LN 79.78–79.83 (pulal) withered, shriveled, i.e., pertaining to a dry state where moisture leaves an object (Isa 16:8; 24:4a, 7; 33:9; Joel 1:10, 12; Na 1:4+); 4. LN 23.142–23.184 (pulal) be faint, i.e., be in weakened physical state of animate life (Jer 15:9; Hos 4:3+)

582 II. אָמַל (ʾā·mǎl): v.; ≡ Str 535; TWOT 114—LN 23.61–23.65 (qal pass.) hot, feverish, i.e., pertaining to being sexually passionate, so having great sexual desire (Eze 16:30+), note: for NIV, see 581

אָמֻל (ʾā·mǔl): adj. [oth qal pass.]—see 581 (Eze 16:30+)

אֲמֻלָה (ʾǎmǔ·lā(h)): adj. [oth qal pass.fem.]—see 582 (Eze 16:30+)

583 אֻמְלַל (ʾǔm·lǎl): adj.; ≡ Str 536; TWOT 114b—LN 23.142–23.184 faint, feeble, formally, fading away, i.e., pertaining to being physically weak and sick (Ps 6:3[EB 2]+)

אֻמְלָל (ʾǔm·lāl) Lisowsky: see 583

584 אֲמֵלָל (ʾǎmē·lāl): adj.; ≡ Str 537; TWOT 114a—LN 74 feeble, frail, i.e., pertaining to not being capable to accomplish a task (Ne 3:34[EB 4:2]+), note: in context the task is the overwhelming wall building; note: some may translate as a pejorative term of slander, cf. “those lousy guys,” “those miserable guys,” but context does not demand this

585 אֲמָם (ʾǎmām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 538;—LN 93-place (loc.) Amam: town of southern Judah (Jos 15:26+)

אמן (ʾmn) Lisowsky: see 586

586 I. אָמַן (ʾā·mǎn): v.; ≡ Str 539; TWOT 116—1. (qal pass.) La 4:5, note: other sources as 574; 2. LN 31.82–31.101 (nif) be faithful, be trustworthy, loyal, i.e., pertaining to reliability, so a state or condition of being dependable and loyal to a person or standard, and so not fail (Nu 12:7); trust, rely (Jdg 11:20); 3. LN 70 (nif) be true, verified, i.e., be in a state that conforms to a real situation, and so is certain and reliable (1Ki 8:26), see also domain LN 72; 4. IFLN 34.42–34.49 (nif) be established, i.e., confirm a relationship with another (1Ch 17:24); 5. LN 79.7–79.8 (nif) firm, i.e., pertaining to a surface that is not soft, or loose dirt (Isa 22:23); 6. LN 59.44–59.47 (nif) have enough, i.e., pertaining to having enough of a supply (Isa 33:16); 7. LN 67.78–67.117 (nif) lasting, enduring, i.e., pertaining to a duration of time, without reference to other points of time (2Sa 7:16); 8. LN 31.102–31.107 (hif) believe, put faith, trust, have confidence, i.e., have faith as a believer in what God has revealed (Ge 15:6; Ex 4:5; Jnh 3:5); 9. LN 31.35–31.49 (hif) believe to be true, be confident of (Ge 45:26; Dt 28:66)

587 II. אָמַן (ʾā·mǎn): v.; ≡ Str 539, 541; TWOT 872—LN 35.51–35.52 (qal) nurture, care for, foster, i.e., raise a child (Est 2:7); (qal pass.) be nurtured (La 4:5+); (nif) be kept, be attended to (Isa 60:4+), note: NIV translates “carried” as one of the many acts of care of a child; note: for qal ptcp. as n.masc., see 590.5

588 אָמָּן (ʾām·mān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 542; TWOT 116c—LN 45 craftsman, artificer, i.e., one who fashions artifacts (SS 7:2[EB 1]+)

589 אָמֵן (ʾā·mēn): adv.; ≡ Str 543; TWOT 116b—LN 72.1–72.11 Amen!, “surely it is true!,” i.e., a strong affirmation of what is declared, acceptance clearly implied, sometimes doubled for emphasis (Nu 5:22; Dt 27:15–26 passim; 1Ki 1:36; 1Ch 16:36; Ne 5:13; 8:6; Ps 41:14[EB 13]; 72:19; 89:53[EB 52]; 106:48; Jer 11:5; 28:6+), note: a title of God, Isa 65:16

590 אֹמֶן (ʾō·měn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 544; TWOT 116a—1. LN 31.82–31.101 faithfulness, reliability, trustworthy, i.e., a state or condition of being dependable and loyal to a person or standard(Isa 25:1+); 2. LN 31.82–31.101 unit: אֹמֶן אֱמוּנָה (ʾō·měn ʾěmû·nā(h)) perfect faithfulness, formally, reliability of faithfulness, i.e., a state of being dependable and loyal to a person or standardto a heightened, perfected state (Isa 25:1+)

אֹמֶן (ʾō·měn): adv.—see 590 (Isa 25:1+)

אֹמֵן (ʾō·mēn): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 587]; ≡ Str 544; TWOT 116a—LN 35.51–35.52 child-care person, i.e., a nurse, tutor, foster-father, mentor; so, a male or female that cares for and rears children (Nu 11:12; Ru 4:16; 2Sa 4:4; 2Ki 10:1, 5; Isa 49:23+)

אֵמֻן (ʾē·mǔn) BDB: see 573, 574

אֹמֶנֶת (ʾō·mě·něṯ): see 590.5

591 I. אֲמָנָה (ʾǎmā·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 548; TWOT 116h—1. LN 76 binding written agreement, i.e., a covenant which has validation or enforcement power (Ne 10:1[EB 9:38]+), see also domain LN 33.35–33.68; 2. LN 33.323–33.332 regulation, prescription, i.e., what is a command or order by an authority (Ne 11:23+), note: BDB translates “supported, fixed provision”

592 II. אֲמָנָה (ʾǎmā·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 549;—LN 93-place (loc.) Amana: 1. (River) (2Ki 5:12+), note: for MT text, see 76; note: some identify as the Chrysorrhoas River, one of two rivers flowing through Damascus 2. (a mountain) (SS 4:8+), note: some relate this area to 1.; note: some identify as the Ante-Lebanon mountains

593 I. אָמְנָה (ʾām·nā(h)): adv. [oth n.fem.]; ≡ Str 546; TWOT 116g—LN 72.1–72.11 really, truly, indeed, i.e., affirming what is true (Ge 20:12; Jos 7:20+)

594 II. אָמְנָה (ʾām·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 545; TWOT 116f—LN 35.51–35.52 bringing up, i.e., care, tend, foster a child, in all the ways a parent raises a child (Est 2:20+)

595 אֹמְנָה (ʾō·menā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 547; TWOT 116—LN 6.215–6.225 doorpost, i.e., that which secures a door to the frame of the house, allowing it to turn securely on its pivot (2Ki 18:16+), note: some sources translate “overlay.”

אֱמֻנָה (ʾěmǔ·nā(h)): n.fem.—see 575 1Sa 26:23; 2Ki 12:16[EB 15]; Ps 143:1+

596 אַמְנוֹן (ʾǎm·nôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 550;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amnon: 1. first son of David (2Sa 3:2; 13:1–39 passim; 1Ch 3:1+) 2. of Judah, of Shimon (1Ch 4:20+), see also 578

597 אָמְנָם (ʾām·nām): adv.; ≡ Str 551; TWOT 116j—LN 72.1–72.11 truly, indeed, assuredly, surely, i.e., a strong assertion of what is true or real (Ru 3:12; 2Ki 19:17; Job 9:2; 12:2; 19:4, 5; 34:12; 36:4; Isa 37:18+)

598 אֻמְנָם (ʾǔm·nām): adv.; ≡ Str 552; TWOT 116i—LN 72.1–72.11 really, i.e., what is real or true (Ge 18:13; Nu 22:37; 1Ki 8:27; 2Ch 6:18; Ps 58:2[EB 1]+), note: in each of these contexts it is in the form of a question, but it is uncertain if this aspect of the context changes or alters the meaning

אַמְנֹן (ʾǎm·nōn) Holladay: see 596 (1Ch 3:1+)

אמץ (ʾmṣ): see 599

אַמִּץ (ʾǎm·miṣ) Holladay: see 579 (2Sa 15:12; Isa 28:2)

599 אָמֵץ (ʾā·mēṣ): v.; ≡ Str 553; TWOT 117—1. LN 87.19–87.57 (qal) be strong, i.e., have high status (Ge 25:23); 2. LN 39.52–39.61 (qal) be victorious, have a victory, i.e., conquer another (2Ch 13:18); 3. LN 88.223–88.226 (piel) harden, be obstinate, i.e., have a stubborn, self-willed heart that will not change behavior or belief (Dt 2:30; 15:7; 2Ch 36:13+); 4. LN 23.188–23.196 (piel) let grow, i.e., have a plant grow and increase (Isa 44:14); 5. LN 76 (qal) be strong; (piel) marshal force, muster strength, strengthen, i.e., focus one’s strength for a great exertion (Am 2:14); 6. LN 25.156–25.166 (qal) be courageous (Dt 31:6); (piel) strengthen, support, make bold, i.e., cause one to have or show courage (Dt 3:28); (hif) strengthen (Ps 27:14); 7. LN 45 (piel) reinforce, strengthen, i.e., make a wall strong (2Ch 24:13); 8. LN 23.129–23.141 (piel) strengthen, steady, i.e., support a physically weak object (Job 4:4); 9. LN 85.32–85.54 (piel) establish, i.e., place or put in a certain place (Pr 8:28); 10. LN 68.63–68.78 (hitp) determine, persist, i.e., do something extensively or intensely (Ru 1:18; 1Ki 12:18; 2Ch 10:18+); 11. LN 39.1–39.12 unit: (hitp) אָמֵץ עַל (ʾā·mēṣ ʿǎl)2 oppose, formally, persist against, i.e., show hostility towards a person (2Ch 13:7)

600 אָמֹץ (ʾā·mōṣ): adj.; ≡ Str 554; TWOT 117c—1. LN 79.62–79.69 (most versions) powerful, strong, i.e., pertaining to being physically robust and vigorous (Zec 6:3, 7+), note: in verse 3 MT phrasing makes it a summary statement “all of them powerful,” as in NIV Note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 79.26–79.38 (KB, Holladay, RSV?, NRSV?) piebald, flesh-colored, i.e., pertaining to a color (Zec 6:3, 7+), note: see BHS ftn for deletion of word

601 אֹמֶץ (ʾō·měṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 555; TWOT 117a—LN 74 strength, i.e., the ability to sustain and increase in inner strength to continue a course of life (Job 17:9+)

602 אַמְצָה (ʾǎm·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 556; TWOT 117b—LN 74 strength, i.e., the state of being capable to accomplish a task (Zec 12:5+), note: in context, fight fiercely

603 אַמְצִי (ʾǎm·ṣî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 557;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amzi: 1. of Levi (1Ch 6:31[EB 46]+) 2. a priest of the second temple (Ne 11:12+)

604 אֲמַצְיָה (ʾǎmǎṣ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 558;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amaziah: 1. a king of Judah (2Ki 12:22[EB 21]; 13:12; 14:8; 15:1+), see also 605(1.) 2. of Simeon (1Ch 4:34+) 3. of Merari (1Ch 6:30[EB 45]+) 4. priest at Bethel (Am 7:10, 12, 14+)

605 אֲמַצְיָהוּ (ʾǎmǎṣ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 558;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amaziahu (Amaziah NIV): king of Judah (2Ki 14:1; 2Ch 25:1), see also 604(1.)

I. אמר (ʾmr): see 606

606 I. אָמַר (ʾā·mǎr): v.; ≡ Str 559; TWOT 118—1. LN 33.69–33.108 (qal) say, tell, claim, i.e., speak or talk, usually with a focus on the content to follow (Ge 3:1); (qal pass.) be said (Mic 2:7); (nif) be said, be told, be spoken to (Ge 10:9; Da 8:26); 2. LN 33.126–33.133 (qal) call, i.e., have a name or title designated to an object (Isa 5:20); (nif) be called (Ge 32:29[EB 28]; Isa 4:3); 3. LN 33.161–33.177 (qal) ask, i.e., to request information (Ge 27:32); 4. LN 33.180–33.188 (qal) answer, i.e., respond to a question (Ge 16:8); 5. LN 33.286–33.290 (qal) promise, i.e., speak words with a certainty that they will happen (Ex 3:17); (hif) declare, promise (Dt 26:17, 18+); 6. LN 30.56–30.74 (qal) intend, formally, say, i.e., to think with a purpose and planning (Ex 2:14); 7. LN 33.323–33.332 (qal) command, i.e., give an order which is to be obeyed (Est 1:17); 8. LN 30.1–30.38 unit: אָמַר בְּ־ לֵב (ʾā·mǎr b- lēḇ) think, formally, say in the heart, i.e., to think or have a thought (Ge 17:17)

607 II. אָמַר (ʾā·mǎr): v.; ≡ Str 559; TWOT 118—LN 33.368–33.373 (hitp) boast, i.e., speak words of improper self-praise about oneself or an improper object (Ps 94:4; Isa 61:6+, note: others parse Isa. as 3558 or 4614)

608 אֹמֶר (ʾō·měr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 562; TWOT 118a—1. LN 33.69–33.108 saying, speech, i.e., what is spoken (Ps 19:3[EB 2],4[EB 3]+) note: Hab 3:9 is parsed by NIV as qal of 606; 2. LN 13.104–13.163 thing, i.e., anything which occurs or happens (Job 22:28+); 3. LN 33.286–33.290 promise (Ps 77:9[EB 8]+); 4. LN 33.218–33.223 declaration, proclamation, i.e., a word declared or asserted, with an implication of it being a command (Ps 68:12[EB 11]+)

609 I. אֵמֶר (ʾē·měr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 561; TWOT 118a—LN 33.9–33.10 word, saying, i.e., a minimal unit of discourse, usually found in the plural, so referring to (meaningful) sentences of discourse (Job 6:25)

610 II. אֵמֶר (ʾē·měr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 561; TWOT 118a—1. LN 3.47–3.59 (NEB, REB) bough, branch, i.e., an extension from the trunk of a tree or bush (Ge 49:21+), note: KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASB see 609; NIV, RSV, NRSV, NAB, NJB, Tanakh see 611; some sources translate “lamb,” see also domain LN 4.1–4.37; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: אֵמֶר שֶׁפֶר (ʾē·měr šě·p̄ěr)1 (Holladay) branched antlers, i.e., the branched horns of an animal, like a deer (Ge 49:21+), note: “doe” in MT stands, so context prefers meaning here as “fawns,” see 611

611 I. אִמֵּר (ʾim·mēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 561; TWOT 118a—LN 4.1–4.37 (NIV) fawn, offspring of a doe deer (see 387) (Ge 49:21+), note: for another interp, see 610 or for BDB, see 580

612 II. אִמֵּר (ʾim·mēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 564;—LN 93-pers. (male) Immer: 1. leader of priestly division (1Ch 9:12; 24:14+), note: BDB suggests these are two different priests 2. priest (Ezr 2:37; Ne 7:40+) 3. divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:20+) 4. wall builder (Ne 3:29+) 5. still another priest (Ne 11:13+) 6. father of the priest who punished Jeremiah (Jer 20:1+), note: some sources combine many of these different persons

613 III. אִמֵּר (ʾim·mēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 564;—LN 93-place (loc.) Immer: town in Babylonia (Ezr 2:59; Ne 7:61+)

614 אִמְרָה (ʾim·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 565; TWOT 118b—1. LN 33.69–33.108 word, saying, i.e., what is communicated (Ge 4:23); 2. LN 33.224–33.250 instruction, i.e., words that teach (Dt 32:2); 3. LN 33.178–33.179 a prayer, what is spoken to the Lord (Ps 17:6); 4. LN 33.286–33.290 a promise (Ps 119:41); 5. LN 33.323–33.332 a command (Ps 119:133), note: see also 615

615 אֶמְרָה (ʾěm·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 565; TWOT 118b—LN 33.286–33.290 a promise, i.e., a spoken word that is fulfilled and completed (La 2:17+), note: see also 614

616 אֱמֹרִי (ʾěmō·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 567; TWOT 119—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Amorite, i.e., a people of the lineage of Canaan, the exact relationship is debated (Ge 10:16; 14:13; Ex 3:8; Nu 21:13)

617 אִמְרִי (ʾim·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 566;—LN 93-pers. (male) Imri: 1. of Judah, returnee from captivity (1Ch 9:4+) 2. father of wall builder (Ne 3:2+)

618 אֲמַרְיָה (ʾǎmǎr·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 568;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amariah: 1. of Levi (1Ch 5:33[EB 6:7],5:37[EB 6:11],6:37[EB 52]; 23:19; Ezr 7:3; Ne 12:13+), see also 619(1.) 2. chief priest, see 619(2.) 3. a Levite in days of King Hezekiah, see 619(3.) 4. of Judah, ancestor of Zephaniah (Zep 1:1+) 5. with foreign wife (Ezr 10:42+) 6. of Judah, in Nehemiah’s days (Ne 11:4+) 7. a signer of the covenant (Ne. 10:4[EB 3]; 12:2+)

619 אֲמַרְיָהוּ (ʾǎmǎr·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 568;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amariahu (Amariah NIV): 1. of Levi (1Ch 24:23+), see also 618(1.) 2. a chief priest (2Ch 19:11+) 3. a Levite in days of King Hezekiah (2Ch 31:15+)

620 אַמְרָפֶל (ʾǎm·rā·p̄ěl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 569;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amraphel: king of Shinar (Ge 14:1, 9+)

621 אֶמֶשׁ (ʾě·měš): adv.; ≡ Str 570; TWOT 120—1. LN 67.201–67.208 last night, yesterday evening, i.e., pertaining to a recent time at night just prior to today (Ge 19:34; 31:29, 42; Job 30:3+); 2. LN 67.201–67.208 yesterday, i.e., a time of day just prior to today (2Ki 9:26+), note: this may be a less definite prior time period, “recently.”

622 אֱמֶת (ʾěměṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 571; TWOT 116k—1. LN 31.82–31.101 faithfulness, reliability, trustworthiness, i.e., a state or condition of being dependable and loyal to a person or standard (Ge 24:27); 2. LN 72.1–72.11 true, certain, sure, i.e., that which conforms to reality, and is so certain not to be false (Dt 13:15), see also domain LN 70; 3. LN 88.39–88.45 honesty, integrity, i.e., be in a state or condition of telling the truth, and living according to a moral standard (Ne 7:2); 4. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: כְּתָב אֱמֶת (keṯāḇ ʾěměṯ) a reliable book, formally, Book of Truth, i.e., a writing in a heavenly scroll giving details of future things, with a focus on both certainty and reliability (Da 10:21+); 5. LN 67.78–67.117 lasting, enduring, i.e., a duration of time, without reference to other points of time (Jer 14:13)

623 אַמְתַּחַת (ʾǎm·tǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 572; TWOT 1265a—LN 6.118–6.151 sack, travel bag for personal items, likely made of cloth (Ge 42:27–44:12 passim+), note: in some contexts there is also a focus on the contents of the sack as well as the container itself

624 אֲמִתַּי (ʾǎmit·tǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 573;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amittai: father of Jonah (2Ki 14:25; Jnh 1:1+)

625 אָן (ʾān): adv. interrogative and indefinite; ≡ Str 575; TWOT 75g—1. LN 67.17–67.64 How long?, When?, i.e., an interrogative marker of a period of time, roughly simultaneous or overlapping with another period of time (Ex 16:28); 2. LN 83.5–83.8 Where?, Which Way?, i.e., an interrogative marker with reference to a position, usually in an indirect question (Ge 16:8); 3. LN 83.5–83.8 unit: אָן ־ָה וְ־ אָן ־ָה (ʾān ā-(h) w- ʾān ā-(h))2 anywhere else, formally, to where? and to where?, i.e., a reference to an indefinite position in space (1Ki 2:36, 42; 2Ki 5:25+), note: for MT text in 1Sa 27:10, see 440

אֹן (ʾōn) BDB: see 228

626 אָנָּא (ʾān·nā(ʾ)): inj.; ≡ Str 577; TWOT 122—LN 91.6–91.12 (a marker of emphasis of either a request or a statement) O!, Oh!, I ask you! (Ge 50:17; Ex 32:31; Ne 1:5, 11; Ps 118:25; Da 9:4+), see also 629

I. אנה (ʾnh): see 627

627 I. אָנָה (ʾā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 578; TWOT 124—1. LN 53.1–53.15 (qal) mourn, lament, i.e., to be in ritual mourning, with a small emphasis on emotional distress (Dt 26:14+); 2. LN 25.135–25.145 mourn, lament, groan, i.e., to be in sorrow, with emphasis on emotional distress (Isa 3:26; 19:8+), note: there may or may not be elements of ritual still involved; note: in Dt 26:14 some parse as 230

II. אנה (ʾnh): see 628

628 II. אָנָה (ʾā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 579; TWOT 126—LN 13.104–13.163 (piel) let happen, i.e., an event occurs (Ex 21:13+); (pual) befall, have happen to (Ps 91:10; Pr 12:21+); (hitp) seek an opportunity, try to make happen (2Ki 5:7+), note: NIV translates “try to pick a quarrel,” with the focus on “try” and “pick” a quarrel as necessary contextual component

אָנָה (ʾā·nā(h)): inj. + suff. (2025)—see 625

629 אָנָּה (ʾān·nā(h)): inj.; ≡ Str 577; TWOT 122—LN 91.6–91.12 (a marker of emphasis of either a request or a statement) O!, Oh!, I ask you! (2Ki 20:3; Ps 116:4, 16; Isa 38:3; Jnh 1:14; 4:2+), see also 626

אָנָה (ʾā·nā(h)) or אָנֶה (ʾā·ně(h)) BDB: see 625

אֹנֶה (ʾō·ně(h)) Lisowsky: see 230 and 627 (Dt 26:14; Hos 9:4+)

אנו (ʾnw) Holladay: see 630

630 אֲנוּ (ʾǎnû): p. (personal 1cp.); ≡ Str 580; TWOT 128—LN 92.1–92.3 we, a discourse reference from the speaker’s and associate’sing. view (Jer 42:6 K+), see also 636, 5721

631 אָנוּשׁ (ʾā·nûš): adj. [BDB: qal pass.ptcp. of 653]; ≡ Str 605; TWOT 135—1. LN 23.142–23.184 incurable, beyond cure, i.e., pertaining to a wound or illness that cannot be healed (Job 34:6; Isa 17:11; Jer 15:18; 17:9; 30:12, 15; Mic 1:9+); 2. LN 25.223–25.250 despairing, i.e., pertaining to that which causes worries, anxiety or lack of peace (Jer 17:16+)

632 I. אֱנוֹשׁ (ʾěnôš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 582; TWOT 136a—1. LN 9.1–9.23 humankind, mankind, i.e., all mankind seen as a collective whole, as a class of mortal, non-deity (Job 36:25); 2. LN 9.1–9.23 human, mortal, i.e., an individual human being, with a focus on one of a class of animate life that dies, and is non-deity (Job 32:8; Isa 51:12); 3. LN 58.31–58.35 ordinary, usual, common, formally, of man, i.e., what is not of a special class or kind (Isa 8:1), note: for further discussion of translation options, see WBC 24:111; 4. LN 34.1–34.21 unit: אֱנוֹשׁ שָׁלוֹם (ʾěnôš šā·lôm) friend, formally, man of peace, i.e., one in close association and having regard and personal affection (Jer 20:10+), see also 408, 851

633 II. אֱנוֹשׁ (ʾěnôš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 583;—LN 93-pers. (male) Enosh: grandson of Adam, son of Seth (Ge 4:26; 5:6, 7, 9, 10, 11; 1Ch 1:1+)

אנח (ʾnḥ): see 634

634 אָנַח (ʾā·nǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 584; TWOT 127—LN 25.135–25.145 (nif) groan, moan, sigh, i.e., to give sounds that express grief or pain (Ex 2:23; Pr 29:2; Isa 24:7; Jer 22:23; La 1:4, 8, 11, 21; Eze 9:4; 21:11[EB 6],12[EB 7]; Joel 1:18+), note: human or animal; note: it may be either physical or emotional pain

635 אֲנָחָה (ʾǎnā·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 585; TWOT 127a—LN 25.135–25.145 groaning, sighing, moaning, i.e., sounds or expressions of emotional or physical pain (Job 3:24; 23:2; Ps 6:7[EB 6]; 31:11[EB 10]; 38:10[EB 9]; 102:6[EB 5]; Isa 21:2; 35:10; 51:11; Jer 45:3; La 1:22+)

636 אֲנַחְנוּ (ʾǎnǎḥ·nû): p. (personal 1cp.); ≡ Str 587; TWOT 128—LN 92.1–92.3 (subjective) we, (obj.) us, i.e., a discourse reference to the speaker and associates (Ge 13:8), see also 630, 5721

אֲנָחְנוּ (ʾǎnāḥ·nû) BDB: see 636

637 אֲנָחֲרַת (ʾǎnā·ḥǎrǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 588;—LN 93-place (loc.) Anaharath: town of Issachar SE of Mt. Tabor (Jos 19:19+)

אֲנָחֲרָת (ʾǎnā·ḥǎrāṯ): see 637

638 אֲנִי (ʾǎnî): p. (personal 1cs.); ≡ Str 589; TWOT 129—1. LN 92.1–92.3 (subjective) I, (obj.) me, i.e., a discourse reference to the speaker (Ge 6:17), note: in some contexts a grammatical singular “I” should be plural “we” (Jdg 1:3); 2. LN 85.1–85.31 I am here, i.e., an affirmation that one is present (1Ki 18:8); 3. LN 69.1 Yes, i.e., a marker of affirmation (Jdg 13:11)

אֳנִי (ʾǒnî) BDB: see 638

אָנִי (ʾā·nî) Holladay: see 638

639 אֳנִי (ʾǒnî): n.masc. and fem. [see also 641]; ≡ Str 590; TWOT 125a—1. LN 6.41–6.51 fleet of trading ships, i.e., a group of ocean-going, open-water vessels for transport of goods, still very small by today’s standards (1Ki 9:26, 27; 10:11, 22+); 2. LN 6.41–6.51 galley ship, i.e., one ocean-going vessel, relatively large boat by ancient standards, for transport of goods, powered solely or chiefly with oars (Isa 33:21+)

640 אֲנִיָּה (ʾǎniy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 592; TWOT 124a—LN 25.135–25.145 lamentation, mourning, sorrowful groaning, i.e., to be in sadness, with emphasis on emotional distress (Isa 29:2; La 2:5+)

641 אֳנִיָּה (ʾǒniy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 591; TWOT 125b—1. LN 6.41–6.51 (pl.) fleet of trading ships, i.e., a group ocean-going, open-water vessels for transport of goods, still very small by today’s standards, which may or may not have oars (1Ki 22:49[EB 48]; 2Ch 9:21; 20:36; Jnh 1:3, 4, 5); 2. LN 6.41–6.51 small boat, i.e., a small water vessel, apparently relatively swift on the water, on a small body of water (Job 9:26); 3. LN 54.30 unit: אִישׁ אֳנִיָּה (ʾîš ʾǒniy·yā(h)), formally, man of a ship, i.e., a sailor (1Ki 9:27); 4. LN 55 military navy fleet (Da 11:40), note: this possibly could be located in LN 54, q.v., see also 639

642 אֲנִיעָם (ʾǎnî·ʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 593;—LN 93-pers. (male) Aniam: of Manasseh (1Ch 7:19+)

אֲנִיָעם (ʾǎni·yāʿm) BDB: see 642

643 אֲנָךְ (ʾǎnāḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 594; TWOT 129.1—LN 6.213–6.214 plummet, a builder’s implement, i.e., a ball of tin or lead for weighing down a plumb line, for making straight and vertically true walls (Am 7:7,8+)

644 אָנֹכִי (ʾā·nō·ḵî): p. (personal 1cs.); ≡ Str 595; TWOT 130—LN 92.1–92.3 (sub.) I, (obj.) me, i.e., a discourse reference to the speaker (Ge 3:10)

אָנֹכִי (ʾā·nō·ḵî) BDB: see 644

אנן (ʾnn): see 645

645 אָנַן (ʾā·nǎn): v.; ≡ Str 596; TWOT 131—LN 33.382–33.386 (hitpolel) complain, murmur, mutter, i.e., to speak grumbling words (Nu 11:1; La 3:39+)

אנס (ʾns): see 646

646 אָנַס (ʾā·nǎs): v.; ≡ Str 597; TWOT 132—1. LN 37.33–37.34 (qal) compel, i.e., to make another one do something (Est 1:8+), note: see also next; 2. LN 13.104–13.163 unit: אַיִן אָנַס (ʾǎ·yin ʾā·nǎs) allow, i.e., permit something to occur or happen in a certain way (Est 1:8+)

אנף (ʾnp): see 647

647 אָנַף (ʾā·nǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 599; TWOT 133—LN 88.171–88.191 (qal) be, become angry, be indignant, without implying necessarily an emotional response (2Ch 6:36; Ezr 9:14; Ps 2:12; 60:3[EB 1]; 79:5; 85:6[EB 5]; Isa 12:1+); (hitp) feel angry (Dt 1:37; 4:21; 9:8, 20; 1Ki 8:46; 11:9; 2Ki 17:18+), note: the hitp may have a slight emphasis on the interpersonal response; note: the potential response to this kind of anger is an outburst of destruction or punishment

אָנֵף (ʾā·nēp̄) BDB: see 647

648 אָנָף (ʾā·nāp̄): n.[masc.]—LN 23.88–23.128 life, formally, face, i.e., the animate life of a person, as an extension of the face as a vital part of the body (Ecc 8:2 cj+), note: MT text has 638 + 7023

649 אֲנָפָה (ʾǎnā·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 601; TWOT 133a—LN 4.38–4.46 water bird, i.e., a ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature, usually identified as a water bird of some kind (most versions) heron (any of the family Ardeidae); (NEB, REB) cormorant (any of the family Phalacrocoracidae) (Lev 11:19; Dt 14:18+), note: Holladay plover (like a sandpiper) or cormorant

650 אָנַק (ʾā·nǎq): v.; ≡ Str 602; TWOT 134—1. LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) groan, sigh, sounds or expressions of physical pain (Jer 51:52; Eze 26:15+); 2. LN 25.135–25.145 (nif) lament, mourn, i.e., express grief possibly in a ritualized form (Eze 9:4; 24:17+), note: the stem may reflect a slight more emphasis on internal grief rather than an outward expression

651 I. אֲנָקָה (ʾǎnā·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 603; TWOT 134a—LN 25.135–25.145 groaning, sighing, wailing, i.e., the sounds of persons in grief or physical distress (Ps 12:6[EB 5]; 79:11; 102:21[EB 20]; Mal 2:13+)

652 II. אֲנָקָה (ʾǎnā·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 604; TWOT 134b—LN 4.51–4.57 lizard, i.e., a ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: that which moves about on the ground, i.e., fanfoot (most versions) gecko, Hemidactylus turcicus (Lev 11:30+), note: Torah’s taxonomy might put this under “Animals” subdomain, note: BDB has “ferret” or “shrew mouse;” (KJV) ferret

653 אָנַשׁ (ʾā·nǎš): v.; ≡ Str 605; TWOT 135—LN 23.142–23.184 (nif) be ill, be sickly (2Sa 12:15+), note: see also 631

אֲנָשִׁים (ʾǎnā·šîm): see 408

אָנֻשׁ (ʾā·nǔš): see 631

654 אָסָא (ʾā·sā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 609;—LN 93-pers. (male) Asa: 1. a Levite son of Elkanah (1Ch 9:16+) 2. a king of Judah (1Ki 15:8–16:29 passim; 1Ki 22:41, 43, 47; 1Ch 3:10; 2Ch 13:23[EB 14:1]-17:2 passim; 20:32; 21:12; Jer 41:9+)

655 אָסוּךְ (ʾā·sûḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 610; TWOT 1474a—LN 6.118–6.151 flask, small jar, i.e., a container for holding and pouring valuable liquid (2Ki 4:2+)

656 אָסון (ʾāswn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 611; TWOT 138a—1. LN 20.12–20.30 bodily injury, i.e., a serious accidental physical injury (Ex 21:22, 23+); 2. LN 20.12–20.30 harm, i.e., a general trauma or injury which may or may not be bodily harm (Ge 42:4, 38; 44:29+), note: cf. domain LN 22

657 אֵסוּר (ʾē·sûr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 612; TWOT 141a—1. LN 6.14–6.22 bindings, chains, fetters, shackles, i.e., that which confines or restricts the hands or feet (Jdg 15:14; Ecc 7:26+); 2. LN 7.24 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ אֵסוּר (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- ʾē·sûr) prison, i.e., a place of confinement or detention (Jer 37:15+)

658 אָסִיף (ʾā·sîp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 614; TWOT 140b—1. LN 43 gathering of harvest (Jer 8:13 NIV), note: for MT text, see 6066; 2. LN 51 unit: חַג אָסִיף (ḥǎḡ ʾā·sîp̄) Feast of Ingathering, i.e., festival at the time of gathering in the harvest (Ex 23:16; 34:22+)

659 אָסִיר (ʾā·sîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 615; TWOT 141b—1. LN 37.114–37.118 prisoner, captive, i.e., one held in detention (Ge 39:20, 22; Jdg 16:21 K,25 K; Job 3:18; Ps 68:7[EB 6]; 69:34[EB 33]; 79:11; 102:21[EB 20]; 107:10; Isa 14:17; La 3:34; Zec 9:11, 12+), see also 660; 2. LN 37.127–37.138 unit: אָסִיר הַ־ תִּקְוָה (ʾā·sîr hǎ- tiq·wā(h))2 prisoner of hope, i.e., one sure to be freed or saved because of covenant redemption (Zec 9:12+)

660 I. אַסִּיר (ʾǎs·sîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 616; TWOT 141c—LN 37.114–37.118 captive, prisoner, i.e., one held in detention (1Ch 3:17; Isa 10:4; 24:22; 42:7+), note: as a n.pr., see 661(3.), see also 659

661 II. אַסִּיר (ʾǎs·sîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 617;—LN 93-pers. (male) Assir: 1. of Korah (Ex 6:24; 1Ch 6:7[EB 22]+) 2. of Ebiasaph (1Ch 6:8[EB 23],22[EB 37]+) 3. (KJV, NKJV) of Jehoiachin (1Ch 3:17), (most versions) see 660

662 אָסָם (ʾā·sām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 618; TWOT 139a—LN 7.25 (pl.) barns, storage place for agricultural crops or products, with a focus on the contents of the storage area (Dt 28:8; Pr 3:10+)

663 אַסְנָה (ʾǎs·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 619;—LN 93-pers. (male) Asnah: father of temple servants (Ezr 2:50+)

664 אָסְנַת (ʾās·nǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 621;—LN 93-pers. (female) Asenath: wife of Joseph (Ge 41:45, 50; 46:20+)

665 אָסַף (ʾā·sǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 622; TWOT 140—1. LN 15.123–15.134 (qal) gather, harvest,, i.e., pertaining to a collection or mass moving to one place (Lev 25:3), see also domain LN 43; (nif) be gathered, be assembled, be joined, be banded (Ge 49:5); (piel) gather, harvest (Isa 62:9; Jer 9:21[EB 22]+); (pual) be gathered together (Isa 24:22; 33:4; Eze 38:12; Hos 10:10; Zec 14:14+); (hif) bring together (2Sa 6:1+), note: some parse 2Sa 6:1 as 3578 qal; (hitp) assembled together (Dt 33:5+); 2. LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) be a rear guard, i.e., be a defensive position for fighting (Isa 58:8), note: here referring to protection; (piel) form a rear guard, i.e., gather together to the rear of an area as part of a military unit (Nu 10:25; Jos 6:9, 13+); 3. LN 15.165–15.186 (qal) take, bring, i.e., guide one to an area by linear movement (2Sa 11:27); (piel) take, bring, escort (Jdg 19:15, 18+); 4. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) not exist, formally, withdraw, i.e., to have something no longer existing, as a figurative extension of departing from an area (Jer 16:5); 5. LN 16 (qal) draw up, formally, gather, i.e., a non-linear movement of apparently assuming the fetal position (Ge 49:33); 6. LN 16 (qal) withdraw, i.e., a non-linear movement of moving the hand to another position (1Sa 14:19); 7. LN 20.12–20.30 (qal pass.) be a victim, formally, be exterminated, i.e., one harmed or hurt by an event (Eze 34:29+)

666 אָסָף (ʾā·sāp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 623;—LN 93-pers. (male) Asaph: 1. a descendant of Levi, a musician, (1Ch 15:17; 16:5; Ezr 2:41; 3:10; Ps 50[EB title], Ps 73–83 verse 1 [usually, EB title]) 2. father of Joah, a recorder (2Ki 18:18) 3. a royal forester (Ne 2:8) 4. forefather of a gatekeeper (1Ch 26:1), see also 25

אָסִף (ʾā·sip̄) Lisowsky: n.[masc.]—see 658 Ex 23:16+

667 אָסֹף (ʾā·sōp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 624; TWOT 140c—1. LN 7.26–7.53 storeroom, i.e., an area for storage within a larger building structure (Ne 12:25+); 2. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת אָסֹף (bǎ·yiṯ ʾā·sōp̄) storehouse, i.e., a building for storage, with a focus on the goods in the storage area (1Ch 26:15, 17+)

668 אֹסֶף (ʾō·sěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 625; TWOT 140a—1. LN 43 harvest, i.e., the act. of gathering of harvest produce from the fields (Isa 32:10; Mic 7:1+); 2. LN 57.232–57.248 unit: אָסַף אֹסֶף (ʾā·sǎp̄ ʾō·sěp̄) to plunder, formally, “a harvest to be harvested,” i.e., the figurative extension of gathering a harvest by invaders, with a strong implication of destruction (Isa 33:4+)

669 אֲסֵפָה (ʾǎsē·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 626; TWOT 140d—1. LN 11.1 gathering, a collection of persons (Isa 24:22+), see also next; 2. LN 37.114–37.118 אָסַף אֲסֵפָה אַסִּיר (ʾā·sǎp̄ ʾǎsē·p̄ā(h) ʾǎs·sîr) the act. of imprisonment (Isa 24:22+)

670 אֲסֻפָּה (ʾǎsǔp·pā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 627; TWOT 140e—1. LN 57.55–57.70 collection, i.e., something obtained and so gained possession (Ecc 12:11+); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: בַּעַל אֲסֻפּוֹת (bǎ·ʿǎl ʾǎsǔp·pôṯ) a collection of sayings (Ecc 12:11+)

671 אֲסַפְסֻף (ʾǎsǎp̄·sǔp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 628; TWOT 140f—1. LN 33.382–33.386 rabble, riff-raff, i.e., a collection of grumblers, with the focus being on their complaint (Nu 11:4+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 11.90–11.95 a foreign group, i.e., a people among the Israelites who were not of Jacob’s descent, i.e., one of the peoples of N or NE Africa (Nu 11:4+)

672 אַסְפָּתָא (ʾǎs·pā·ṯā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 630;—LN 93-pers. (male) Aspatha: son of Haman (Est 9:7+)

אֶסַּק (ʾěs·sǎq): see 6158 (Ps 139:8)

אסר (ʾsr): see 673

673 אָסַר (ʾā·sǎr): v.; ≡ Str 631; TWOT 141—1. LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) bind, tie up, i.e., bind objects together, and so be in a confined position (Ge 42:24); (qal pass.) be tied up, be bound (2Sa 3:34; 2Ki 7:10); (nif) be tied up (Jdg 16:6, 10, 13+); 2. LN 37.108–37.110 (qal) take prisoner, capture, i.e., be taken into custody (Jdg 15:10); (qal pass.) be confined (Ge 39:20); (nif) be kept in prison (Ge 42:16, 19+); (pual) be captured, be taken prisoner (Isa 22:3+); 3. LN 33.463–33.469 (qal) obligate, swear, vow, formally, bind, i.e., make a promise to do something, with sanctions for not doing so (Nu 30:3–12 passim); 4. LN 33.224–33.250 (qal) teach, formally, bind, i.e., provide instruction in an informal, or formal setting, as a figurative extension of a binding of objects together (Ps 105:22), note: some change text to 3579; 5. LN 15.156–15.157 (qal) join in, formally, bind, i.e., follow or accompany others in linear movement (Ps 118:27)

674 אִסָּר (ʾis·sār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 632; TWOT 141d—LN 33.463–33.469 pledge, i.e., a vow which should not be broken, and so binding (Nu 30:3[EB 2]-15[EB 14] passim+)

אַסִּר (ʾǎs·sir): n.masc.—see 660 (1Ch 3:17+)

675 אֵסַר־חַדֹּן (ʾē·sǎr-·ḥǎd·dōn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 634;—LN 93-pers. (male) Esarhaddon: son of Assyrian King Sennacherib (2Ki 19:37; Ezr 4:2; Isa 37:38+)

אֵסַרְחַדֹּן (ʾē·sǎr·ḥǎd·dōn) BDB: see 675

676 אֶסְתֵּר (ʾěs·tēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 635;—LN 93-pers. (female) Esther: Jewess orphan who became Queen of Persia (Est 2:7–9:32+), see also 2073

677 I. אַף (ʾǎp̄): c.; ≡ Str 637; TWOT 142—1. LN 89.92–89.104 too, also, even more, and, i.e., a marker of a coordinate relation, often with an additive relation (Lev 26:39); 2. LN 91.6–91.12 surely, indeed, really, how much!, i.e., a marker of emphasis (Ge 3:1); 3. LN 89.124–89.138 but, yet, however, on the other hand, nevertheless, i.e., a marker showing contrast (Lev 26:44); 4. LN 89.65–89.70 if, i.e., a marker of a condition, real or unreal (Job 19:4)

678 II. אַף (ʾǎp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 639; TWOT 133a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 nostril, i.e., the breathing passage of the nose, as a particular part of the nose (Ge 2:7); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 nose, i.e., any part of the nose, internal cartilage or external protuberance of any creature (Ge 3:19; 24:47; Pr 11:22); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 face, formally, nose, i.e., the entire front of the head, including eyes, nose, mouth, chin, etc. (Ge 19:1); 4. LN 23.185–23.187 breath, i.e., the vapor and air which comes out of the lungs through the mouth or nostrils (SS 7:9[EB 8]); 5. LN 88.171–88.191 anger, wrath, resentment, formally, nose, i.e., have a strong feeling of displeasure over a person or a situation, as a figurative extension of the nose as an area that can change color when blood rushes to it while one is angry (Ge 27:45); 6. LN 83.33–83.41 before, formally, face, i.e., a spatial position in front of another object (1Sa 25:23); 7. LN 60.75–60.78 unit: אֶחָד אַף (ʾě·ḥāḏ ʾǎp̄)2 a double portion, formally, one pair, i.e., an amount which is a multiple as twice as much, as a figurative extension of a pair of nostrils (1Sa 1:5); 8. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: חָרָה אַף (ḥā·rā(h) ʾǎp̄) anger, formally, hot of nose, i.e., have a strong feeling of displeasure over a person or a situation, as a figurative extension of the nose as an area that can change color when blood rushes to it while one is angry (Ge 30:2); 9. LN 25.167–25.178 unit: אָרֵךְ אַף (ʾā·rēḵ ʾǎp̄)2 patient, slow to anger, tolerant, enduring, formally, long of nose, i.e., pertaining to not being easily angered in a potentially hostile situation, as an extension of a nose not changing color (getting “hot) when one is angry (Pr 16:32); 10. LN 88.206–88.222 unit: גֹּבַה אַף (gō·ḇǎ(h) ʾǎp̄)2 pride, arrogance, formally, high of nose, i.e., an improper haughtiness and self-confidence as a moral failure (Ps 10:4); 11. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: קָצֵר אַף (qā·ṣēr ʾǎp̄)2 quick-tempered, hot-tempered, i.e., pertaining to being angry with relatively little provocation (Pr 14:17+), note: for NIV text in Hos 7:6, see 685

אפד (ʾpd): see 679

679 אָפַד (ʾā·p̄ǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 640; TWOT 142a—LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) fasten, i.e., to attach a garment to a person by tying it to him (Ex 29:5; Lev 8:7+)

680 I. אֵפֹד (ʾē·p̄ōḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 646; TWOT 142.1—LN 6.188–6.196 ephod, i.e., a coat of a priest, as a garment to aid priestly service and adorn the priest (Ex 25:7; 28:4–31 passim; 29:5; 35:9, 27; 39:2–22 passim; Lev 8:7; Jdg 8:27; 17:5; 18:14, 17, 18, 20; 1Sa 2:18, 28; 14:3; 21:10[EB 9]; 22:18; 23:6, 9; 30:7; 2Sa 6:14; 1Ch 15:27; Hos 3:4+)

681 II. אֵפֹד (ʾē·p̄ōḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 641;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ephod: of Manasseh (Nu 34:23+)

682 אֲפֻדָּה (ʾǎp̄ǔd·dā(h)): adj. [BDB, KB n.fem.]; ≡ Str 642; TWOT 142.1b—1. LN 6.152–6.187 skillfully woven, pertaining to a beautiful weave as a covering, as a garment pertaining to the Ephod (Ex 28:8; 39:5+), note: oth as an Ephod itself, or the beautiful cloth itself; 2. LN 79.114–79.117 gilded, i.e., pertaining to an object overlaid or covered with gold (Isa 30:22+)

683 אַפֶּדֶן (ʾǎp·pě·ḏěn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 643; TWOT 142.2—1. LN 7.2–7.25 palace, i.e., the residence of royalty (Da 11:45+); 2. LN 7.9 unit: אֹהֶל אַפֶּדֶן (ʾō·hěl ʾǎp·pě·ḏěn) palace tent, i.e., royal tent which is semi-permanent, but not a building with foundations (Da 11:45+)

אפה (ʾph): see 684

684 אָפָה (ʾā·p̄ā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 644; TWOT 143—LN 46 (qal) bake, cook in an oven, as a household activity, in most contexts grain products (Ge 19:3; Ex 12:39; 16:23; 24:5; 26:26; 1Sa 28:24; Isa 44:15, 19; Eze 46:20+); (nif) be baked (Lev 6:9[EB 17]; 7:9; 23:17+)

685 אֹפֶה (ʾō·p̄ě(h)): n.masc. and fem. [oth ptcp. of 684]; ≡ Str 644; TWOT 143—1. LN 46 baker, i.e., one who bakes bread for sale (1Sa 8:13; Jer 37:21; Hos 7:4, 6+); note: for NIV text in Hos 7:6, see 678; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: שַׂר הַ־ אֹפֶה (śǎr hǎ- ʾō·p̄ě(h)) royal baker, formally, ruler of bakers, i.e., chief or head of the king’s meals, apparently of high status (Ge 40:2, 16, 20, 22; 41:10; cf. 40:1, 5, 17, +), see also domain LN 46

אֵפָה (ʾē·p̄ā(h)) BDB: n.fem.—see 406 Lev 5:11; 6:13+

אֵפוֹ (ʾē·p̄ô): pt.—see 686 (Job 17:15; 19:6, 23; 24:25+)

686 אֵפוֹא (ʾē·p̄ô(ʾ)): pt.; ≡ Str 645; TWOT 144—LN 89.87–89.89 then, so then, so now, i.e., a marker of a sequential addition, with an emphasis of a logical sequential thought being expressed (Ge 27:33, 37; 43:11; Ex 33:16; Jdg 9:38; 2Ki 10:10; Job 9:24; 17:15; 19:6, 23; 24:25; Pr 6:3; Isa 19:12; 22:1; Hos 13:10+)

אֵפוֹד (ʾē·p̄ôḏ): n.masc.—see 680

687 אָפוּנָה (ʾā·p̄û·nā(h)): adv.; ≡ Str 6323; TWOT 1744—LN 78.1–78.27 very much, i.e., pertaining to a quite high degree on a relative scale (Ps 88:16[EB 15]+), note: this BDB definition is questioned, better qal impf. of 7041

אָפוּנָה (ʾā·p̄û·nā(h)) BDB: see 687

688 אֲפִיחַ (ʾǎp̄îaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 647;—LN 93-pers. (male) Aphiah: of Benjamin (1Sa 9:1+)

689 אָפִיל (ʾā·p̄îl): adj.; ≡ Str 648; TWOT 145d—LN 67.201–67.208 late-ripening, pertaining to grain produce that ripens later than other grain crops (Ex 9:32+)

690 I. אַפַּיִם (ʾǎp·pǎ·yim): n.masc. dual—see 678

691 II. אַפַּיִם (ʾǎp·pǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 649;—LN 93-pers. (male) Appaim: of Judah (1Ch 2:30, 31+)

692 I. אָפִיק (ʾā·p̄îq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 650; TWOT 149a—1. LN 1.51–1.59 valley, ravine, a low area of the earth on dry land (Eze 6:3; 31:12; 32:6; 34:13; 35:8; 36:4; 36:6; Joel 4:18[EB 3:18]+); 2. LN 1.51–1.59 very deep place in the sea, i.e., place where the foundations of the earth are (2Sa 22:16; Ps 18:16[EB 15]+); 3. LN 1.69–1.78 stream of water, i.e., a body of water of relatively small size (Job 6:15; Ps 42:2[EB 1; 126:4]; SS 5:12; Joel 1:20+); 4. LN 1.69–1.78 river channel, i.e., a backwater or possibly a smaller tributary of large river (Isa 8:7+); 5. LN 79.62–79.69 unit: אָפִיק נְחוּשָׁה (ʾā·p̄îq neḥû·šā(h)) tube of bronze, i.e., a shaft of strong metal as the figurative extension of the physical strength of an animal (Job 40:18+); 6. LN 6.29–6.40 unit: אָפִיק מָגֵן (ʾā·p̄îq mā·ḡēn)1 scales, formally, row of shields, i.e., scales on a tough-skinned animal, like a crocodile (Job 41:7[EB 15]+), note: this refers to a very capable or very powerful defense

693 II. אָפִיק (ʾā·p̄îq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 650; TWOT 149a—LN 87.19–87.57 the mighty, the strong, i.e., a class of people that have high social status (Job 12:21+)

אֲפִיק (ʾǎp̄îq) BDB: see 707

אֹפִיר (ʾō·p̄îr): see 234 (1Ki 10:11b+)

694 אֹפֶל (ʾō·p̄ěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 652; TWOT 145a—1. LN 14.53–14.62 darkness, i.e., a physical state of lacking light, so as to be unable to see or function, often with an associative meaning of gloom, depression, or terror (Job 3:6; 10:22; 23:17; 28:3; 30:26; Ps 91:6; Isa 29:18+); 2. LN 14.53–14.62 shadow, a physical state of less light but not total darkness (Ps 11:2+)

695 אָפֵל (ʾā·p̄ēl): adj.; ≡ Str 651; TWOT 145b—LN 14.53–14.62 pitch-dark, i.e., pertaining to being very dark, with the associative meaning of gloom and despair (Am 5:20+), note: see also domain LN 25.223–25.250

696 אֲפֵלָה (ʾǎp̄ē·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 653; TWOT 145c—1. LN 14.53–14.62 the dark, darkness, i.e., a physical state of lacking light so as to be unable to see or function, often with an associative meaning of gloom or depression or terror (Ex 10:22; Dt 28:29; Pr 4:19; 7:9; Isa 8:22; 59:9; Jer 23:12; Joel 2:2; Zep 1:15+); 2. LN 67.193 night, i.e., the time of darkness between sunset and its rise, context may suggest the middle time of the night (Isa 58:10+)

697 אֶפְלָל (ʾěp̄·lāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 654;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ephlal: of Judah (1Ch 2:37+)

698 אֹפֶן (ʾō·p̄ěn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 655; TWOT 146b—LN 66 proper time, right time, an apt circumstance or appropriate condition, i.e., what is proper response to a life setting (Pr 25:11+)

אפס (ʾps): see 699

699 אָפֵס (ʾā·p̄ēs): v.; ≡ Str 656; TWOT 147—1. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) come to an end, cease, stop an activity (Isa 16:4+); 2. LN 42.7–42.28 use up, consume something until it is gone (Ge 47:15, 16+); 3. LN 13.98 vanish, i.e., to no longer exist (Ps 77:9[EB 8]+); 4. LN 24.27 vanish, i.e., to no longer be seen (Isa 29:20+)

700 אֶפֶס (ʾě·p̄ěs): n.masc. [see also 700.5]; ≡ Str 657; TWOT 147a—1. LN 80.5–80.7 end, i.e., the extreme boundary of a place (Dt 33:17); 2. LN 11.90–11.95 unit: אֶפֶס אֶרֶץ (ʾě·p̄ěs ʾě·rěṣ) very distant place, formally, ends of the earth, i.e., a very distant place, with a strong implication of peoples both physically and culturally distant (Dt 33:17; 1Sa 2:10; Ps 2:8; 22:28[EB 27]; 59:14[EB 13]; 67:8[EB 7]; 72:8; 98:3; Pr 30:4; Isa 45:22; Mic 5:3[EB 4]; Zec 9:10+); 3. LN 92.23 nothing (Isa 40:17; 41:29); 4. LN 92.23 none, no one (Isa 45:6; 47:10; Zep 2:15); also part of a compound name, Ephes Dammim, see 702

אֶפֶס (ʾě·p̄ěs): adv./c.[served by 700]; ≡ Str 657; TWOT 147a—1. LN 89.124–89.138 but, yet, however, on the other hand, nevertheless, i.e., a marker showing contrast (Nu 13:28); 2. LN 69.2–69.6 no, not, without, i.e., a marker that negates a proposition (Pr 26:20; Am 6:10); 3. LN 58.47–58.53 only, i.e., a marker of what is distinctive and unique, thus limiting (Nu 22:35); 4. LN 89.65–89.70 unit: אֶפֶס (ʾě·p̄ěs) … אֶפֶס (ʾě·p̄ěs) whether … or, i.e., a multiple marker of condition (2Ki 14:26+)

701 אֹפֶס (ʾō·p̄ěs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 657; TWOT 147a—LN 8.51 (dual) ankles, i.e., a part of the body at the extreme of the legs (Eze 47:3+), note: it is possible that “soles of the feet” is meant but most sources do not acknowledge this meaning, nor on the whole context favor this meaning

702 אֶפֶס דַּמִּים (ʾě·p̄ěs dǎm·mîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 658;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ephes Dammim: place between Azekah and Socoh (1Sa 17:1+), see also 7169

אָפְסַיִם (ʾāp̄·sǎ·yim) Lisowsky: see 701

703 אֶפַע (ʾě·p̄ǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 659; TWOT 1791a—LN 65.30–65.39 Holladay: worthlessness, i.e., being useless pertaining to function (Isa 41:24+), note: KB, BDB, BHS (ftn) all cj 700 “nothing;” context favors this conjecture, cf. 401

אָפַע (ʾā·p̄ǎʿ) Lisowsky: see 703 or 700 (Isa 41:24+)

704 אֶפְעֶה (ʾěp̄·ʿě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 660; TWOT 1791b—LN 4.51–4.57 serpent, reptile snake, i.e., many have been suggested, two of the most common mentioned are an adder or viper, both of the family Viperidae (Job 20:16; Isa 30:6; 59:5+)

אפף (ʾpp): see 705

705 אָפַף (ʾā·p̄ǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 661; TWOT 148—1. LN 23.88–23.128 (qal) entangling motion of cords, i.e., a figurative extension of becoming trapped, so in extreme danger and dying (Ps 18:5[EB 4]; 116:3+); 2. LN 22.21–22.28 (qal) swirling motion of waves, causing to be engulfed, i.e., the figurative extension of drowning, causing great trouble and dire consequences (2Sa 22:5; Jnh 2:6[EB 5]+); 3. LN 24.77–24.94 surround, i.e., the figurative extension of being overwhelmed with the feeling of suffering (Ps 40:13[EB 12]+)

אפק (ʾpq): see 706

706 אָפַק (ʾā·p̄ǎq): v.; ≡ Str 662; TWOT 149—1. LN 88.83–88.92 (hitp) control oneself, restrain oneself, i.e., be self-controlled over actions or emotions (Ge 43:31; 45:1; Est 5:10; Isa 42:14; 64:11[EB 12]+); 2. LN 30.39–30.52 (hitp) decided, formally, force oneself, i.e., to think about with the purpose of responding appropriately, with a focus on the reluctance of the decision, and implying no other course is possible (1Sa 13:12), note: NIV translates “feel compelled”; 3. LN 13.48–13.68 (hitp) be withheld, to have a change of state by no longer having a condition or object present (Isa 63:15+)

707 אֲפֵק (ʾǎp̄ēq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 663;—LN 93-place (loc.) Aphek: 1. town of Sharon area, (Jos 12:18; 1Sa 4:1; 29:1+) 2. town of Asher, (Jos 19:30; Jdg 1:31+) 3. town of Galilee, (1Ki 20:26, 30; 2Ki 13:17+) 4. town of N of Canaan (Jos 13:4+)

708 אֲפֵקָה (ʾǎp̄ē·qā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 664;—LN 93-place (loc.) Aphekah: town of Judah (Jos 15:53+), note: some relate to 707

709 אֵפֶר (ʾē·p̄ěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 665; TWOT 150a—1. LN 14.63–14.73 ashes, i.e., the carbon by-product of fire and burning material (Nu 19:9); 2. LN 87.58–87.75 ashes, as a figurative extension of insignificance or loathsomeness (Ge 18:27; Eze 28:18); 3. LN 25.135–25.145 ashes, i.e., with a strong associative meaning of mourning (2Sa 13:19); 4. LN 79.48–79.56 ashes, i.e., with the associative meaning of something dirty (Job 30:19)

710 אֲפֵר (ʾǎp̄ēr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 666; TWOT 151a—LN 6.152–6.187 headband, i.e., a band of cloth that is usually an adornment wrapped on the upper forehead and above, but could be loosened and placed lower on the face and used as a mask, or simulate a bandage (1Ki 20:38, 41+)

711 אֶפְרֹחַ (ʾěp̄·rōaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 667; TWOT 1813c—LN 4.38–4.46 young one of a fowl, i.e., a bird-chick (Dt 22:6; Job 39:30; Ps 84:4[EB 3]+)

712 אַפִּרְיוֹן (ʾǎp·pir·yôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 668; TWOT 151b—LN 6.52–6.53 litter, palanquin, carriage, sedan-chair, i.e., a traveling device without wheels, and carried on porter’s shoulders with poles (SS 3:9+)

713 אֶפְרַיִם (ʾěp̄·rǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 669; TWOT 151c—LN 93-pers. (male) Ephraim: 1. son of Joseph (Ge 41:52), see also 718, DBLGrk 2394, 713.5 2. clan named after 1 (Jos 16:8; Jdg 12:4) 3. (gent.) another name for the people of the northern kingdom (Hos 4:17)

אֶפְרַיִם (ʾěp̄·rǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 669;—1. LN 93-place (loc.) Ephraim: 1. (land) rugged hill country S of Manasseh, N of Benjamin (Dt 34:2; 2Ch 13:4), note: some interp this with הַר (hǎr) as a specific mountain, most translate as “hill country.” 2. a city near Baal Hazor (2Sa 13:23), note: oth same as 1.; 2. LN 93-place Ephraim Forest: region E of the Jordan River (2Sa 17:26; 18:6); 3. LN 93-place Ephraim Gate (2Ki 14:13; 2Ch 25:23; Ne 8:16; 12:39+)

714 I. אֶפְרָת (ʾěp̄·rāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 672;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ephrath: former name for Bethlehem (Ge 35:16, 19; 48:7+), see also 1107

715 II. אֶפְרָת (ʾěp̄·rāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 672;—LN 93-pers. (female) Ephrath: wife of Caleb (1Ch 2:19+), see also 717

716 I. אֶפְרָתָה (ʾěp̄·rā·ṯā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 672;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ephrathah: 1. former name for Bethlehem (Ru 4:11; Mic 5:1[EB 2]+), see also 714 2. a district of Kiriath Jearim (Ps 132:6), note: oth same as 1.; 3. also part of a compound name, Caleb Ephrathah, see 3980

717 II. אֶפְרָתָה (ʾěp̄·rā·ṯā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 672;—LN 93-pers. (female) Ephrathah: wife of Caleb (1Ch 2:50; 4:4+), see also 715

718 אֶפְרָתִי (ʾěp̄·rā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 673;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ephraimite: 1. pertaining to Ephraim (Jdg 12:5; 1Sa 1:1; 1Ki 11:26+), see also 713 2. pertaining to Ephrath (Ru 1:2; 1Sa 17:12+), see also 714, 716

אֶצְבּוֹן (ʾěṣ·bôn) BDB: see 719

719 אֶצְבֹּן (ʾěṣ·bōn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 675;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ezbon: 1. of Gad (Ge 46:16+), see also 269 2. grandson of Benjamin (1Ch 7:7+)

720 אֶצְבַּע (ʾěṣ·bǎʿ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 676; TWOT 1873a—1. LN 8.34 finger, one of the digits of the hand (Ex 29:12; 2Sa 21:20a; Ps 144:1; SS 5:5; Isa 59:3); 2. LN 8.34 forefinger, i.e., the first digit on the hand; in context the right hand (Lev 14:16, 27); 3. LN 42 finger, i.e., the figurative extension of that part of a person which does or performs things (Ex 8:15[EB 19]; 31:18; Dt 9:10; Ps 8:4[EB 3]; Pr 6:13; Isa 2:8; 17:8; 58:9); 4. LN 8.9–8.69 toe, i.e., one of digits on the foot (2Sa 21:20b); 5. LN 81.25–81.29 unit: אַרְבַּע אֶצְבַּע (ʾǎr·bǎʿ ʾěṣ·bǎʿ)four fingers, i.e., a measurement of width or thickness (Jer 52:21)

721 I. אָצִיל (ʾā·ṣîl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 678; TWOT 153b—LN 92.23 far corner of the earth, most distant parts, the outer-most border of the earth, i.e., a figurative extension of a very far away place (Isa 41:9+)

722 II. אָצִיל (ʾā·ṣîl): adj. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 678; TWOT 153b—LN 53.66–53.95 leader, ruler, formally, eminent, i.e., apparently a general term for one of high social status, in this context, in the religious-social community (Ex 24:11+), note: see also domain LN 37.48–37.95

723 אַצִּיל (ʾǎṣ·ṣîl): n.fem. and masc.; ≡ Str 679; TWOT 153c—1. LN 8.59 joint, i.e., the point of connection on the body of the shoulder or wrist to bones above and below it (Jer 38:12); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: אַצִּיל יָד (ʾǎṣ·ṣîl yāḏ) the underarm shoulder joint, i.e., a part of the body (Jer 38:12+); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: אַצִּיל יָד (ʾǎṣ·ṣîl yāḏ) wrist, i.e., the joint connecting the hand to the forearm (Eze 13:18+); 4. LN 81.25–81.29 unit: אַמָּה אַצִּיל (ʾǎm·mā(h) ʾǎṣ·ṣîl) long cubit, i.e., a unit of measure of a cubit, longer than a normal cubit (Eze 41:8+), note: possibly 21–22 inches or the width of seven palms

אצל (ʾṣl): see 724

724 אָצַל (ʾā·ṣǎl): v.; ≡ Str 680; TWOT 153—1. LN 57.37–57.48 (qal) hold back, deny, i.e., keep something from another or even oneself, not currently in possession (Ge 27:36; Ecc 2:10+); 2. LN 85.32–85.54 (qal) take away, i.e., to remove something someone already has (Nu 11:17, 25+), note: see also domain LN 57.37–57.48; note: BDB parses Nu 11:25 as hif; 3. LN 81.15–81.19 (nif) be smaller, i.e., to be physically narrower (Eze 42:6+)

725 I. אֵצֶל (ʾē·ṣěl): prep.; ≡ Str 681; TWOT 153a—LN 83.23–83.32 beside, near, nearby, close by, at the side, at, next to, i.e., be in a position relatively close to another position (1Ki 13:25)

726 II. אֵצֶל (ʾē·ṣěl): n.pr. [BDB: n.pr.masc.]; ≡ Str 1018;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ezel: part of a compound name, Beth Ezel, see 1089

727 I. אָצֵל (ʾā·ṣēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 682;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azel: of Saul and Jonathan (1Ch 8:37, 38; 9:43, 44+)

728 II. אָצֵל (ʾā·ṣēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 682;—LN 93-place (loc.) Azel: place not currently known (Zec 14:5+)

729 אֲצַלְיָהוּ (ʾǎṣǎl·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 683;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azaliahu (Azaliah NIV): scribe of Josiah (2Ki 22:3; 2Ch 34:8+)

730 אֹצֶם (ʾō·ṣěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 684;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ozem: 1. brother of David (1Ch 2:15+) 2. of Caleb, a Jerahmeelite (1Ch 2:25+)

731 אֶצְעָדָה (ʾěṣ·ʿā·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 685; TWOT 1943e—1. LN 6.188–6.196 bangle, i.e., an ornamental chain worn on a limb of the body (Nu 31:50+); note: context favors either the upper arm or wrist chain as a bracelet; note: some sources give the meaning as an ornamental “pace-chain” which connects two ankle chains; 2. LN 6.188–6.196 armlet, i.e., an ornamental band or chain around the forearm (2Sa 1:10+); note: possibly this was a wrist bracelet

אצר (ʾṣr): see 732

732 אָצַר (ʾā·ṣǎr): v.; ≡ Str 686; TWOT 154—1. LN 59.62–59.71 (qal) store up, hoard, i.e., accumulate things (2Ki 20:17; Isa 39:6; Am 3:10+); (nif) be stored (Isa 23:18+); 2. LN 37.96–37.107 (hif) place someone in charge of a storeroom, so, a treasurer (Ne 13:13+)

733 אֵצֶר (ʾē·ṣěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 687;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ezer: of Esau, son of Seir (Ge 36:21, 27, 30; 1Ch 1:38, 42+)

734 אֶקְדָּח (ʾěq·dāḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 688; TWOT 1987b—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: NIV, “sparkling jewel,” i.e., a precious stone, some suggest a kind of (KB, Holladay) beryl; or (BDB, WBC25:235) carbuncle; (LXX) crystal (Isa 54:12+), note: ety. suggests the stone is related to the concept of fire, but that link is variously interpreted, and hence not definitive

735 אַקּוֹ (ʾǎq·qô): n.masc.; ≡ Str 689; TWOT 155—LN 4.1–4.37 wild goat, i.e., ceremonially clean animal, hence eatable: cud-chewing mammal, of the Capra of the field species, i.e., (NIV, BDB) wild goat (Dt 14:5+), note: other sources identify other animals

אֹר (ʾōr): see 3284 (Am 8:8+)

736 אֲרָא (ʾǎrā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 690;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ara: of Asher (1Ch 7:38+)

אֲרִאֵיל (ʾǎri·ʾêl) BDB: see 789 (Eze 43:15, 16+)

737 אֶרְאֵל (ʾěr·ʾēl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 691; TWOT 159a—LN 55.14–55.22 brave man, hero, a military champion, with an implication of bravery and fierceness (Isa 33:7+)

738 אֲרִאֵל (ʾǎri·ʾēl): n.pr. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 739; TWOT 159a—1. LN 93-pers. 1. (male) Ariel: (ASV, NASB, RSV?, NRSV, Tanakh) warrior from Moab (2Sa 23:20; 1Ch 11:22+); note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 55.14–55.22 (common noun) (KJV, NKJV) lion-like person, i.e., a very great ferocious warrior (2Sa 23:20; 1Ch 11:22+), note: the ety. suggested would be 787 as in NAB; (NIV, NEB, REB, NJB, Tanakh ftn) brave formidable soldier, i.e., the best, champion warriors (2Sa 23:20; 1Ch 11:22+), note: ety. suggested is 737

739 I. אַרְאֵלִי (ʾǎr·ʾē·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 692;—LN 93-pers. (male) Areli: son of Gad (Ge 46:16; Nu 26:17a+), see also 740

740 II. אַרְאֵלִי (ʾǎr·ʾē·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 692;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Arelite: pertaining to Areli (Nu 26:17b+), see also 739

אֶרְאֶלָּם (ʾěr·ʾěl·lām): see 737 (Isa 33:7+), note: oth 740 as a name for Jerusalem

ארב (ʾrb): see 741

741 אָרַב (ʾā·rǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 693; TWOT 156—1. LN 39.51 (qal) ambush, humans lay in wait against, hide and attack to harm others (Dt 19:11), note: for qal act. ptcp. as n.masc., see 744.5; (piel) note: for piel ptcp. as noun, see 4422.5; (hif) set an ambush (1Sa 15:5+); 2. LN 85.1–85.31 (qal) lurk, i.e., to remain or hang around in an area in secret or semi-secret (Job 31:9; Pr 7:12); 3. LN 20.61–20.88 (qal) hunt an animal by being hidden and surprising another, and so kill or maim (Ps 10:9; La 3:10)

742 אֲרָב (ʾǎrāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 694;—LN 93-place (loc.) Arab: town of Judah (Jos 15:52+)

אָרֶב (ʾā·rěḇ) BDB: see 743

743 אֶרֶב (ʾě·rěḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 695; TWOT 156a—1. LN 85.67–85.85 hiding place, i.e., a lair for hiding or protection from elements (Job 37:8+); 2. LN 20.61–20.88 the act. of lying-in-wait to hunt and kill another (Job 38:40+), see also domain LN 39.51

744 אֹרֶב (ʾō·rěḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 696; TWOT 156b—LN 31.8–31.13 ambush, i.e., a deceptive trap of intrigue which will harm by deception (Jer 9:7[EB 8]; Hos 7:6+), note: WBC31:116 suggests to emend the text

אֹרֵב (ʾō·rēḇ) Lisowsky: n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc. of 741]; ≡ Str 696; TWOT 156b—LN 39.51 ambush, i.e., the act. of lying in wait for harming others, often acting as bandits or kidnappers (Jos 8:7)

745 אַרְבֵאל (ʾǎr·ḇē(ʾ)l): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1009;—LN 93-place (loc.) Arbel: part of a compound name, Beth Arbel, see 1079

746 אַרְבֶּה (ʾǎr·bě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 697; TWOT 2103a—LN 4.47–4.50 locust, i.e., a ceremonially clean insect, so eatable; a swarming insect, desert migratory locust, in the mature wing stage (Ex 10:4–19 passim; Lev 11:22; Dt 28:38; Jdg 6:5; 7:12; 1Ki 8:37; 2Ch 6:28; Job 39:20; Ps 78:46; 105:34; 109:23; Pr 30:27; Jer 46:23; Joel 1:4; 2:25; Na 3:15, 17+), note: Holladay identifies specifically as Schistocera gregaria

747 אָרְבָּה (ʾār·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 698; TWOT 156c—1. LN 74 unit: אָרְבָּה ־ו יָד (ʾār·bā(h) w yāḏ) athletic skill, i.e., an ability sufficient for a task (Isa 25:11+), note: in context it seems to be the ability to make swimming-like motions to keep the head above the mire and hence able to survive, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 42.29–42.40 unit: אָרְבָּה ־ו יָד (ʾār·bā(h) w yāḏ) craftsmanship skill, i.e., the ability to craft things, assumably like idols and such (Isa 25:11+)

748 אֲרֻבָּה (ʾǎrǔb·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 699; TWOT 156d—1. LN 14.10–14.14 unit: אֲרֻבָּה שָׁמַיִם (ʾǎrǔb·bā(h) šā·mǎ·yim) or אֲרֻבָּה מָרוֹם (ʾǎrǔb·bā(h) mā·rôm) very heavy rain, formally, floodgate of the sky, i.e., with the LORD perceived as the keeper of that floodgate, perceived as a negative experience of destructive power (Ge 7:11; 8:2; 2Ki 7:2, 19; Isa 24:18+); 2. LN 7.47 window (Ecc 12:3; Isa 60:8; Hos 13:3+), note: for another interp in Isa., see next; 3. LN 6.146 nesting hole of a pigeon, possibly made by human hands (Isa 60:8+), note: oth translate as a “window”; 4. LN 7.26–7.53 floodgate, i.e., figurative extension of that which holds God’s blessing in heaven from pouring out (Mal 3:10+)

749 אֲרֻבּוֹת (ʾǎrǔb·bôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 700;—LN 93-place (loc.) Arubboth: site possibly in the Plain of Sharon near Socoh (1Ki 4:10+)

750 אַרְבִּי (ʾǎr·bî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 701;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Arbite, i.e., of the town Arba (2Sa 23:35+)

751 ארנבן (ʾrnbn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1835, 3120;—LN 93-place (loc.) (BDB cj) Aranabam: place conjectured by BDB (Eze 27:29+), note: WBC29:19 changes text to “casks of wine from Izal;” see also BHS ftn for other solutions

752 I. אַרְבַּע (ʾǎr·bǎʿ): number; ≡ Str 702, 706; TWOT 2106a—1. LN 60.13 four, i.e., pertaining to a cardinal number for things or time periods, in absolute or in combination (Ge 2:10), see also 754; 2. LN 60.51 fourth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number as the fourth in a set of time, space, or series (1Ki 22:41); 3. LN 60.76 fourfold, i.e., four times as much in quantity (2Sa 12:6); 4. LN 60.22 unit: אַרְבַּע עֶשְׂרֵה (ʾǎr·bǎʿ ʿěś·rē(h)) fourteen, i.e., a cardinal number (Ge 31:41); 5. LN 60.60 unit: אַרְבַּע עֶשְׂרֵה (ʾǎr·bǎʿ ʿěś·rē(h)) fourteenth in a series of time, space, or set as an ordinal number (Ge 14:5); 6. LN 8.9–8.69 four-footed, i.e., pertaining to an animal that walks on four paws, hooves, or feet (Lev 11:20); 7. LN 60.67–60.74 unit: אַרְבַּע פַּעַם (ʾǎr·bǎʿ pǎ·ʿǎm) four times, i.e., four occurrences of an event (Ne 6:4); 8. LN 60.62–60.66 unit: אַרְבַּע הַ־ יָד (ʾǎr·bǎʿ hǎ- yāḏ) four-fifths, i.e., a fractional part of a whole number or mass (Ge 47:24)

753 II. אַרְבַּע (ʾǎr·bǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 704;—LN 93-pers. (male) Arba: part of a compound name, Kiriath Arba, see 7957

אַרְבָּעָה (ʾǎr·bā·ʿā(h)) BDB: see 752

754 אַרְבָּעִים (ʾǎr·bā·ʿîm): number; ≡ Str 705; TWOT 2106b—1. LN 60.27 forty, i.e., pertaining to a cardinal number, either in absolute or combination with other numbers (Ge 7:4), see also 752; note: in some contexts, “forty” in a time context may mean an indefinite long time, or an approximate time, see also domain LN 67.94; 2. LN 60.46–60.61 fortieth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number as the 40th in a series of space, time, or set (Nu 33:38)

אַרְבַּעַת (ʾǎr·bǎ·ʿǎṯ) BDB: see 752

ארג (ʾrg): see 755

755 אָרַג (ʾā·rǎḡ): v. [see also 755.5]; ≡ Str 707; TWOT 157—1. LN 49 (qal) weave, i.e., interweave thread or yarn in a certain pattern and density (Jdg 16:13; 2Ki 23:7+); 2. LN 42.29–42.40 spin a spider’s web (Isa 59:5+)

אֹרֵג (ʾō·rēḡ): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 755]; ≡ Str 707; TWOT 157—1. LN 42.51–42.53 weaver, i.e., one engaged in the craft of making cloth on a loom (Ex 35:35; 39:22, 27; 1Sa 17:7; 2Sa 21:19; 1Ch 11:23; 20:5; Isa 19:9; 38:12+); 2. LN 48 unit: מַעֲשֶׂה אֹרֵג (mǎ·ʿǎśě(h) ʾō·rēḡ) what is woven, i.e., the same kind as a weaver’s edge (Ex 28:32+)

756 אֶרֶג (ʾě·rěḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 708; TWOT 157a—1. LN 6.14–6.22 weaver’s loom, i.e., the frame or machine as a whole used for weaving, but not including the cloth or other implements attached to the frame (Jdg 16:14+); 2. LN 6.14–6.22 weaver’s shuttle, a specific device used in weaving, which passes the thread of the weft between the threads of the warp (Job 7:6+), note: the shuttle moves back and forth quickly and repetitively

757 אַרְגָּב (ʾǎr·gāḇ): n.masc.—LN 1.46–1.50 heap, mound, i.e., a slightly elevated land formation (1Sa 20:19 cj in BDB, see also BHS ftn, apparently adopted by NAB, NEB, REB, NJB), note: for MT text, see 74

758 I. אַרְגֹּב (ʾǎr·gōḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 709;—LN 93-place (loc.) Argob: region or district of Manasseh, in Bashan (Dt 3:4, 13, 14; 1Ki 4:13+)

759 II. אַרְגֹּב (ʾǎr·gōḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 709;—LN 93-pers. (male) Argob: man killed by Pekah (2Ki 15:25+), note: some versions change the text, see BHS ftn

760 אַרְגְּוָן (ʾǎr·gewān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 710; TWOT 157b—LN 6.188–6.196 purple wool yarn, i.e., what is used to make adorning cloth (2Ch 2:6[EB 7]+), see also 763

761 אַרְגַּז (ʾǎr·gǎz): n.masc.; ≡ Str 712; TWOT 2112d—LN 6.118–6.151 container for holding objects, several kinds are suggested by sources: NIV, “chest;” oth sack, bag, or saddle bag (1Sa 6:8, 11, 15+)

762 אֹרְגִים (ʾō·reḡîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3296;—LN 93-pers. (male) Oregim: part of a compound name, Jaare-Oregim, see 3629

763 אַרְגָּמָן (ʾǎr·gā·mān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 713; TWOT 157b—1. LN 6.188–6.196 purple wool yarn, i.e., what is used to make adorning cloth (2Ch 2:6[EB 7]+), see also 760; 2. LN 6.188–6.196 purple cloth (Est 1:6); 3. LN 79.26–79.38 purple, i.e., a color (Nu 4:13)

764 אַרְדְּ (ʾǎrd): n.pr.; ≡ Str 714;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ard: grandson of Benjamin (Ge 46:21; Nu 26:40+, note: NIV text adds “Ard” a second time in the verse), see also 766, note: Nu 26:40, see also 161

765 אַרְדּוֹן (ʾǎr·dôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 715;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ardon: of Judah and Caleb (1Ch 2:18+)

766 אַרְדִּי (ʾǎr·dî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 716;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ardite: pertaining to Ard (Nu 26:40+), see also 764

767 אֲרִדַי (ʾǎri·ḏǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 742;—LN 93-pers. (male) Aridai: son of Haman (Est 9:9+)

ארה (ʾrh): see 768

768 אָרָה (ʾā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 717; TWOT 158—LN 18.9 (qal) pick, i.e., pluck produce from plants (Ps 80:13[EB 12]; SS 5:1+), note: in context, plucking or picking a relatively small amount of grape clusters or fragrant spice

769 אֲרוֹד (ʾǎrôḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 720;—LN 93-pers. (male) Arod: son of Gad (Nu 26:17+), note: for NIV text, see 771

770 אַרְוָד (ʾǎr·wāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 719;—LN 93-place (loc.) Arvad: an important maritime center, N of Byblos, (Eze 27:8, 11+), see also 773

771 I. אֲרוֹדִי (ʾǎrô·ḏî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 722;—LN 93-pers. (male) Arodi: son of Gad (Ge 46:16; Nu 26:17+), note: for MT text in Numbers, see 769, see also 772

772 II. אֲרוֹדִי (ʾǎrô·ḏî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 722;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Arodite: pertaining to Arod or Arodi (Nu 26:17+), see also 769, 771

773 אַרְוָדִי (ʾǎr·wā·ḏî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 721;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Arvadite: pertaining to Arvad (Ge 10:18; 1Ch 1:16+), see also 770

774 אֻרְוָה (ʾǔr·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 220, 723; TWOT 158b—LN 7.63–7.76 animal stall, stable, i.e., holding and feeding pen for large or smaller mammals, in context, likely an elaborate building (1Ki 5:6[EB 4:26]; 2Ch 32:28ab NIV, note: for MT text in 2Ch 32:28b, see also 246.5; see also 795

775 אָרוּז (ʾā·rûz): adj.; ≡ Str 729; TWOT 160c—LN 79.62–79.69 knotted tight, i.e., pertaining to cords that are relatively strong because of the way they are produced, implying fine quality product (Eze 27:24+), note: Holladay translates “tightly twisted.”

776 אֲרוּכָה (ʾǎrû·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 724; TWOT 162d—1. LN 23.129–23.141 (of people) healing, physical health restored from an unhealthy state (Jer 30:17+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 40 restoration of relationship, i.e., the figurative extension of physical healing (Isa 58:8; Jer 8:22; 33:6+); 3. LN 45 repair, i.e., mend a construction to an original state of good quality (2Ch 24:13; Ne 4:1[EB 7]+)

777 אֲרוּמָה (ʾǎrû·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 725;—LN 93-place (loc.) Arumah: town near Shechem, (Jdg 9:41+), note: Jdg 9:31 cj+, for MT rendering, see also 9564

778 אֲרוֹן (ʾǎrôn): n.masc. and fem. [1Sa 4:17; 2Ch 8:11; Ps 132:6+]; ≡ Str 727; TWOT 166a—1. LN 6.139 ark, a chest, i.e., ornate box containing sacred artifacts of worship (Ex 25:10–40:21 passim; 1Sa 3:3–7:2 passim); 2. LN 6.118–6.151 chest, box, i.e., container for common things, in context silver pieces (2Ki 12:10[EB 9],11[EB 10]; 2Ch 24:8, 10, 11); 3. LN 6.118–6.151 coffin, i.e., a container for an embalmed dead body (Ge 50:26+)

779 אֲרַוְנָה (ʾǎrǎw·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 728;—LN 93-pers. (male) Araunah: Jebusite, owner of a site (2Sa 24:16–24 passim), see also 821

780 אֶרֶז (ʾě·rěz): n.masc.; ≡ Str 730; TWOT 160a—1. LN 3.2–3.12 large tree for construction: a tall, large, scented species of tree (Isa 44:14) (NIV, most versions) cedar tree, Cedrus libani barrel (Isa 44:14), oth fir Abies Cilicica, but probably cedar the best identification, see also 781; 2. LN 7.77–7.79 boards, i.e., finished or planked wood of a specific species, usually identified as cedar (1Ki 6:9, 16); 3. LN 7.2–7.25 cedar building, i.e., a construction made of a specific wood (Jer 22:23); 4. LN 53.16–53.27 stick of cedar, used as a religious implement for ceremony (Lev 14:4)

781 אַרְזָה (ʾǎr·zā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 731; TWOT 160b—LN 7.77–7.79 (coll.) finished cedar for construction, i.e., the cedar paneling or wainscot (Zep 2:14+), note: (NIV) apparently a basic post or beam for framing in construction; note: KB firwood paneling, see also 780

I. ארח (ʾrḥ): see 782

782 I. אָרַח (ʾā·rǎḥ): v. [see also 784.5]; ≡ Str 732; TWOT 161—LN 15.18–15.26 (qal) go, travel, wander, i.e., the act. of moving from one place to another (Job 34:8; Ps 139:3+)

783 II. אָרַח (ʾā·rǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 733;—LN 93-pers. (male) Arah: of Asher (1Ch 7:39; Ezr 2:5; Ne 6:18; 7:10+)

784 אֹרַח (ʾō·rǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 734; TWOT 161a—1. LN 1.99–1.105 road, way, path, i.e., a thoroughfare (Ge 49:17; Jdg 5:6; Isa 33:8) note: of various sizes according to context; note: Job 31:32 in NIV is repointed to 784.5; also Job 6:18 is 785; 2. LN 41.1–41.24 manner, conduct, i.e., a way of life in a person (Job 34:11; Ps 16:11; 17:4; 25:4; 119:9); 3. LN 1.99–1.105 route on water (Ps 8:9[EB 8]); 4. LN 67.65–67.72 destiny in a life, i.e., an end point of a life (Job 8:13); 5. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: אֹרַח ךְּ־ הַ־ אִשָּׁה (ʾō·rǎḥ k- hǎ- ʾiš·šā(h)) childbearing (Ge 18:11)

אֹרֵחַ (ʾō·rēaḥ): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 782]; ≡ Str 734; TWOT 161a—1. LN 15.18–15.26 traveler, wanderer, i.e., one who goes from one place to another (Jdg 19:17; 2Sa 12:4; Jer 9:1[EB 2]; 14:8+), note: Job 31:32 in MT is 784; 2. LN 15.18–15.26 (pl.) caravans, i.e., a merchant group that travels from one place to another, according to routes (Job 6:18, 19+), see also 785

785 אֹרְחָה (ʾō·reḥā(h)): n.fem. [oth ptcp.fem. of 782]; ≡ Str 736; TWOT 161c—LN 15.18–15.26 caravan, i.e., a merchant group that travels from one place to another, according to routes (Ge 37:25; Isa 21:13+)

786 אֲרֻחָה (ʾǎrǔ·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 737; TWOT 161b—1. LN 5.1–5.22 allowance of provisions, a regular portion of food and possibly other needs to one needy (2Ki 25:30; Jer 40:5; 52:34+); 2. LN 23.22 a meal, i.e., an individual partaking of food at a particular time and place (Pr 15:17+)

787 אֲרִי (ʾǎrî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 738; TWOT 158a—1. LN 4.14 lion, i.e., a large, strong mammal that hunts its prey, with the associative meanings of strength and fierceness (Nu 23:24) see also 793, note: for NIV et. al. text in Ps 22:17, see 4125; for a cj of the same verse, see 4128; 2. LN 4.14 unit: כְּפִיר אֲרִי (kep̄îr ʾǎrî) a young lion (Jdg 14:5); 3. LN 6.96–6.101 lion figure, i.e., a crafted adornment on a wall or as a statue (1Ki 7:29, 36; 10:19, 20; 2Ch 9:18, 19), though these are indeed likenesses of something, they are not false worship images or idols, rather seem to be art objects for beauty; 4. LN 20.31–20.60 people who devour, i.e., the figurative extension of a lion (Jer 50:17; Zep 3:3)

788 אֻרִי (ʾǔ·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 221;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uri: of Gilead, father of the officer of Solomon (1Ki 4:19+)

אֲרִיאֵיל (ʾǎrî·ʾêl) BDB: see 789

789 I. אֲרִיאֵל (ʾǎrî·ʾēl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 741; TWOT 159a—LN 6.106–6.117 altar hearth, the top, mostly flat, fire-holding area of an altar (Isa 29:2; Eze 43:15, 16+), note: Isa 29:2b interp as 790 or 787 + 446; see also 2219

790 II. אֲרִיאֵל (ʾǎrî·ʾēl): n.pr. [BDB: n.pr.fem.]; ≡ Str 740;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ariel: symbolic name of Jerusalem, relating to the altar hearth (Isa 29:1,2a, 7+), see also 3731

791 III. אֲרִיאֵל (ʾǎrî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 740;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ariel: man in Babylon (Ezr 8:16+)

792 אֲרִידָתָא (ʾǎrî·ḏā·ṯā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 743;—LN 93-pers. (male) Aridatha: son of Haman (Est 9:8+)

אֲרִידַי (ʾǎrî·ḏǎy) BDB: see 767

793 I. אַרְיֵה (ʾǎr·yē(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 744; TWOT 2606—1. LN 4.14 lion, i.e., a large, strong mammal that hunts its prey, with the associative meanings of strength and fierceness (Jdg 14:8), see also 787; 2. LN 76 unit: פָּנֶה אַרְיֵה (pā·ně(h) ʾǎr·yē(h))1 strength, formally, face of a lion, i.e., the figurative extension of a lion’s power; 3. LN 20.31–20.60 destroyer, i.e., the figurative extension of a lion (Ps 22:22[EB 21])note: for NIV text in Isa 21:8, see 8011

794 II. אַרְיֵה (ʾǎr·yē(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 745;—LN 93-pers. (male) Arieh: one involved in an assassination (2Ki 15:25+), note: some interp as place names; note: NEB, REB, NAB, RSV, NJB delete the two names as additions to the Heb text, see BHS ftn

795 אֻרְיָה (ʾǔr·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 723; TWOT 158b—LN 7.63–7.76 animal stall, stable, i.e., holding and feeding pen for large mammal, in context, likely an elaborate building (2Ch 9:25+)

796 אַרְיוֹךְ (ʾǎr·yôḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 746;—LN 93-pers. (male) Arioch: 1. a king of the confederacy (Ge 14:1, 9+) 2. see 10070 in Aramaic

797 אֻרִים (ʾǔ·rîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 224;—LN 82.1–82.6 region of light, i.e., East, the direction of orientation, as the direction of the sunrise (Isa 24:15+), note: for NIV, see 241; oth GES, BHS, cj 362 + 2021 + 3542

798 אֲרִיסַי (ʾǎrî·sǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 747;—LN 93-pers. (male) Arisai: son of Haman (Est 9:9+)

ארךְ (ʾrk): see 799

799 אָרַךְ (ʾā·rǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 748; TWOT 162—1. LN 81.12–81.14 (qal) become long, i.e., pertaining to the length of a physical object (Eze 31:5); (hif) be long, i.e., pertaining to the length of a physical object (1Ki 8:8), see also domain LN 79.123–79.128; 2. LN 67.78–67.117 (qal) be long, i.e., pertaining to a long length of time (Ge 26:8; Eze 12:22+); (hif) lengthen, remain, stay, prolong, maintain, delay, i.e., have a long time pass. (Ex 20:12), note: this can refer to passage of time for an object or of a life; 3. LN 25.167–25.178 (hif) be patient, formally, be long, i.e., be in a state of calm in the midst of a trying, upsetting experience (Job 6:11), note: for MT text in Ps 72:5, see 3707 + 3870

800 אָרֵךְ (ʾā·rēḵ): adj.; ≡ Str 750; TWOT 162b—1. LN 25.167–25.178 unit: אָרֵךְ אַף (ʾā·rēḵ ʾǎp̄)2 patient, formally, slow to anger, i.e., long-suffering before getting angry (Ex 34:6; Nu 14:18; Ne 9:17; Ps 86:15; 103:8; 145:8; Pr 14:29; 15:18; 16:32; Jer 15:15; Joel 2:13; Jnh 4:2; Na 1:3+); 2. LN 81.12–81.14 long, pertaining to the length of a feather (Eze 17:3+); 3. LN 25.167–25.178 unit: אָרֵךְ רוּחַ (ʾā·rēḵ rûaḥ) patience (Ecc 7:8+)

801 אָרֹךְ (ʾā·rōḵ): adj.; ≡ Str 752; TWOT 162c—1. LN 81.12–81.14 long, i.e., pertaining to a measurement of length (Job 11:9+); 2. LN 67.78–67.117 long time, pertaining to a duration without reference to other points of time (2Sa 3:1; Jer 29:28+)

802 אֹרֶךְ (ʾō·rěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 753; TWOT 162a—1. LN 81.12–81.14 long, i.e., a measurement of length (Ge 6:15); 2. LN 25.167–25.178 unit: אֹרֶךְ אַף (ʾō·rěḵ ʾǎp̄)2 patience; 3. LN 67.78–67.117 unit: אֹרֶךְ יוֹם (ʾō·rěḵ yôm)1 a long time (Dt 30:20; Ps 21:5; 91:16; Pr 3:2; Pr 3:16; La 5:20); 4. LN 67.95 unit: אֹרֶךְ יוֹם (ʾō·rěḵ yôm)1 forever (Ps 23:6; 93:5)

803 I. אֶרֶךְ (ʾě·rěḵ): adj.—see 800 alt. lexical form

804 II. אֶרֶךְ (ʾě·rěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 751;—LN 93-place (loc.) Erech: an early Babylonian city, N of Ur and S of Baghdad (Ge 10:10+)

אֲרֻכָה (ʾǎrǔ·ḵā(h)): n.fem.—see 776

805 אַרְכִּי (ʾǎr·kî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 757;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Arkite: pertaining to a border town between Ephraim and Benjamin (Jos 16:2; 2Sa 15:32; 16:16; 17:5, 14; 1Ch 27:33+)

806 אֲרָם (ʾǎrām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 758; TWOT 163—LN 93-pers. Aram: 1. (male) son of Shem (Ge 10:22, 23; 1Ch 1:17) 2. (male) grandson of Nahor (Ge 22:21) 3. of Asher (1Ch 7:34) 4. (gent.) Arameans: peoples that lived in areas around Damascus, Syria, upper Tigris/Euphrates valleys (1Ch 18:5), see also 812, note: for NIV text in 2Sa 8:12, 13; Eze 16:57, see 121

אֲרָם (ʾǎrām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 758; TWOT 163—LN 93-place (loc.) Aram: 1. an area of Damascus (1Ki 15:18) 2. an area of Geshur (2Sa 15:8; 1Ch 2:23) 3. an area of Beth Rehob (2Sa 10:6) 4. an area of Zobah (2Sa 10:6) 5. see also 807 6. see also 808 7. see also 809 8. an area beyond the Euphrates (2Sa 10:16) note: in many references it is not clear which of the territories or kingdoms is meant; note: for NIV text in 2Ch 20:2, see 121.5; also, a part of a compound name, Paddan Aram, see 7020

807 אֲרַם מַעֲכָה (ʾǎrǎm mǎ·ʿǎḵā(h)): n.pr. [BDB: GENT.]; ≡ Str 4601, 758;—LN 93-place (terr) Aram Maacah: small Syrian kingdom on the western border of Bashan N of Gilead (1Ch 19:6+), see also 5081

808 אֲרַם נַהֲרַיִם (ʾǎrǎm nǎ·hǎrǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 763;—LN 93-place (terr) Aram Naharaim: region between the Upper Euphrates and Habur Rivers (Ge 24:10; Dt 23:5[EB 4]; Jdg 3:8; 1Ch 19:6; Ps 60:2[EB title]+)

809 אֲרַם צוֹבָה (ʾǎrǎm ṣô·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 760;—LN 93-place (terr) Aram Zobah: Aramean city state N of Israel (Ps 60:2[EB title]+)

810 אַרְמוֹן (ʾǎr·môn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 759; TWOT 164a—1. LN 7.2–7.25 citadel fortress, i.e., a military stronghold defensive building, small-based and relatively tall (Ps 122:7), note: Isa 13:22, MT, read as 528, q.v.; 2. LN 7.26–7.53 citadel fortress, i.e., a military defensive building, small based and relatively tall, a part of a palace area (1Ki 16:18), note: Holladay translates “fortified palace.”

811 אֲרָמִי (ʾǎrā·mî): adv.fem.; ≡ Str 7421, 762;—LN 33.1–33.8 in Aramaic, Aramaean, i.e., pertaining to the Aramaic language (2Ki 18:26; Ezr 4:7; Isa 36:11; Da 2:4+)

812 אֲרַמִּי (ʾǎrǎm·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 761;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Aramean: pertaining to a people related to Aram, various regions N of Israel (Ge 25:20; 28:5; 31:20, 24; Dt 26:5; 2Ki 5:20; 8:28, 29; 9:15; 1Ch 7:14+), see also 806(4.), note: for Q in 1Ki 16:6, see 122; note: for MT text in 2Ch 22:5, see 8246

אֲרָמִית (ʾǎrā·mîṯ) BDB: see 811

813 אַרְמֹנִי (ʾǎr·mō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 764;—LN 93-pers. (male) Armoni: son of Saul (2Sa 21:8+)

814 אֲרָן (ʾǎrān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 765;—LN 93-pers. (male) Aran: of Esau (Ge 36:28; 1Ch 1:42+)

815 I. אֹרֶן (ʾō·rěn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 766; TWOT 165a—LN 3.2–3.12 species of tree, several species are suggested: (NIV, NKJV, NJB) pine tree; (KB, Holladay) (bay or sweet) laurel, Laurus nobilis; (RSV, NRSV) cedar; (BDB) fir or cedar; (ASV, NASB, Tanakh) fir; (KJV) ash tree (Isa 44:14+), note: see BHS ftn for a textual variation, also supported by WBC25:142, see 780

816 II. אֹרֶן (ʾō·rěn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 767;—LN 93-pers. (male) Oren: of Judah, a Jerahmeelite (1Ch 2:25+)

817 אַרְנֶבֶת (ʾǎr·ně·ḇěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 768; TWOT 123a—LN 4.1–4.37 hare, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: cud-chewing mammal, i.e., (most versions) a hare, or rabbit (NIV, NASB) (Lev 11:6; Dt 14:7+), note: “hare” is probably a better technical rendering of Middle Eastern Lepus family of animal

818 אַרְנוֹן (ʾǎr·nôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 769;—LN 93-place (River) Arnon: river marking the border of Reuben and Gad (Nu 21:13,14, 24, 26, 28; 22:36; Dt 2:24, 36; 3:8, 12, 16; 4:48; Jos 12:1, 2; 13:9, 16; Jdg 11:13, 18,22, 26; 2Ki 10:33; Isa 16:2; Jer 48:20+)

ארניה (ʾrnyh) BDB: see 819

819 אֲרַנְיָה (ʾǎrǎn·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 728;—LN 93-pers. (male) Araniah: owner of a threshing floor (2Sa 24:18 K+), note: for Q, see 779

820 אַרְנָן (ʾǎr·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 770;—LN 93-pers. (male) Arnan: of David (1Ch 3:21+)

821 אָרְנָן (ʾār·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 771;—LN 93-pers. (male) Arnan (Araunah NIV): Jebusite, owner of a site (1Ch 21:15–28 passim; 2Ch 3:1+), see also 779

אַרְנֹן (ʾǎr·nōn) BDB: see 818

אַרְפַּד (ʾǎr·pǎḏ) BDB: see 822

822 אַרְפָּד (ʾǎr·pāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 774;—LN 93-place (loc.) Arpad: city of Syria (2Ki 18:34; 19:13; Isa 10:9; 36:19; 37:13; Jer 49:23+)

823 אַרְפַּכְשַׁד (ʾǎr·pǎḵ·šǎḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 775;—LN 93-pers. (male) Arphaxad: son of Shem (Ge 10:22, 24; 11:10, 11, 12, 13; 1Ch 1:17, 18, 24+)

824 אֶרֶץ (ʾě·rěṣ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 776; TWOT 167—1. LN 1.39–1.45 world, earth, i.e., the surface of the earth, where humankind lives (Ge 1:28); 2. LN 1.60–1.68 land, ground, i.e., a dry surface in contrast to bodies of water (Ge 1:10); 3. LN 2.14–2.28 soil, dirt, i.e., the natural material of which the earth is made, some of which is suitable for planting (Lev 26:20); 4. LN 1.79–1.81 country, region, territory, i.e., specific large areas of the earth where distinct cultures or kingdoms dwell (Ge 12:1); 5. LN 9.1–9.23 people, i.e., a group or groups that live on the earth (Isa 37:18); 6. LN 80.1–80.4 space, i.e., an area of any size, inside or outside (Eze 42:6); 7. LN 1.1–1.4 unit: שָׁמַיִם וְ־ אֶרֶץ (šā·mǎ·yim w- ʾě·rěṣ) total creation, formally, heaven and earth, i.e., the whole or totality of what God created (Ge 14:19); 8. LN 11.90–11.95 unit: אֶפֶס אֶרֶץ (ʾě·p̄ěs ʾě·rěṣ) very distant place, formally, ends of the earth, i.e., a very distant place, with a strong implication of peoples both physically and culturally distant (Dt 33:17; 1Sa 2:10; Ps 2:8; 22:28[EB 27]; 59:14[EB 13]; 67:8[EB 7]; 72:8; 98:3; Pr 30:4; Isa 45:22; Mic 5:3[EB 4]; Zec 9:10+); 9. LN 1.86–1.87 unit: אֶרֶץ גְּזֵרָה (ʾě·rěṣ gezē·rā(h)) desert, formally, a solitary place, i.e., an infertile uninhabited land (Lev 16:22+); 10. LN 85.1–85.31 unit: יְרֵכָה אֶרֶץ (yerē·ḵā(h) ʾě·rěṣ) very far place, formally, ends of the earth (Jer 6:22); 11. LN 81.25–81.29 unit: כְּבָרָה הַ־ אֶרֶץ (keḇā·rā(h) hǎ- ʾě·rěṣ) certain distance, i.e., a particular measurement of length, according to cognate analogies, about seven miles (12k.) (Ge 35:16; 48:7; 2Ki 5:19+), see WBC2:326; 12. LN 11.90–11.95 unit: כָּנָף הַ־ אֶרֶץ (kā·nāp̄ hǎ- ʾě·rěṣ) very distant place, formally, ends of the earth, i.e., a very distant place, with a strong implication of peoples both physically and culturally distant (Job 37:3; Isa 11:2; 24:16); 13. LN 80.5–80.7 unit: כָּנָף הַ־ אֶרֶץ (kā·nāp̄ hǎ- ʾě·rěṣ) border, formally, ends of the land, i.e., the extreme limits of a space (Eze 7:2); 14. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: אֶרֶץ נְשִׁיָּה (ʾě·rěṣ nešiy·yā(h)) Oblivion, Underworld, formally, land of forgetfulness, i.e., the nether world conceived as far from the LORD’s* presence (Ps 88:13[EB 12]+); 15. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: אֶרֶץ (ʾě·rěṣ) … לֹא סֵדֶר (lō(ʾ) sē·ḏěr) the Netherworld, the Underworld, formally, land of disorder, i.e., a region below the earth where the dead reside (Job 10:22+); 16. LN 1.39–1.45 unit: עַיִן הַ־ אֶרֶץ (ʿǎ·yin hǎ- ʾě·rěṣ) ground surface, formally, eye of the earth, i.e., a relatively large area of ground surface (Ex 10:5); 17. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: אֶרֶץ עֵיפָה (ʾě·rěṣ ʿê·p̄ā(h))1 death, formally, land of darkness, i.e., the state of death as a figurative extension of the dark underworld (Job 10:22+); 18. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: אֶרֶץ (ʾě·rěṣ) … צַלְמָוֶת (ṣǎl·mā·wěṯ) place of death, formally, land of shadow, i.e., a place under the earth where the dead reside (Job 10:21); 19. LN 43 unit: שַׁבָּת הַ־ אֶרֶץ (šǎb·bāṯ hǎ- ʾě·rěṣ) volunteer produce, i.e., harvestable crops of all kinds that are grown as a result of natural processes and not intentional agricultural practices (Lev 25:6+); 20. LN 1.5–1.16 unit: בַּיִן הַ־ שָׁמַיִם וְ־ בַּיִן הַ־ אֶרֶץ (bǎ·yin hǎ- šā·mǎ·yim w- bǎ·yin hǎ- ʾě·rěṣ) midair, formally, between the heavens and between the earth, i.e., an area of space just above the earth which has no base or support to set the feet (2Sa 18:9); 21. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: תְּהוֹם הַ־ אֶרֶץ (tehôm hǎ- ʾě·rěṣ) Sheol, formally, depths of the earth, i.e., the place where the dead reside (Ps 71:20+); 22. LN 2.14–2.28 unit: עָפָר אֶרֶץ (ʿā·p̄ār ʾě·rěṣ) soil, formally, dust of the land, i.e., material of the earth, suitable for farming (Job 14:19); note: for NIV text in 2Sa 7:23, see 1763

825 אַרְצָא (ʾǎr·ṣā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 777;—LN 93-pers. (male) Arza: palace official (1Ki 16:9+)

ארר (ʾrr): see 826

826 אָרַר (ʾā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 779; TWOT 168—LN 33.470–33.475 (qal) curse, place a curse, i.e., invoke harm or injury by means of a statement, by means of the power of a deity (Ge 12:3); (qal pass.) be cursed, be under a curse (Ge 3:14); (nif) be cursed (Mal 3:9+); (piel) bring a curse (Ge 5:29; Nu 5:18, 19, 22, 24,27+); (hof) bring a curse upon one (Nu 22:6+), note: some parse as qal pass.

827 אֲרָרַט (ʾǎrā·rǎṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 780; TWOT 169—LN 93-place Ararat: 1. mountains (Ge 8:4+) 2. kingdom or territory (2Ki 19:37; Isa 37:38; Jer 51:27+)

828 אֲרָרִי (ʾǎrā·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2043;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ararite: part of a compound name, Hararite, see 2240

ארשׂ (ʾrś): see 829

829 אָרַשׂ (ʾā·rǎś): v.; ≡ Str 781; TWOT 170—LN 34.66–34.78 (piel) betroth, pledge to marriage, i.e., the act. of attaching a young woman for marriage to a man, with a financial exchange occurring between the parties’ families (piel Dt 20:7; 28:30; 2Sa 3:14; Hos 2:21[EB 19]{[EB 19], 22[EB 20]+); (pual) be pledged to be married (pual Ex 22:15[EB 16]; 22:23, 25, 27, 28+)

830 אֲרֶשֶׁת (ʾǎrě·šěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 782; TWOT 171a—LN 33.161–33.177 request, i.e., a spoken desire, with a strong implication of an inner desire being expressed (Ps 21:3[EB 2]+)

אֹרֹת (ʾō·rōṯ): see 246 2Ki 4:39+

831 אַרְתַּחְשַׁסְתְּא (ʾǎr·tǎḥ·šǎste(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 783;—LN 93-pers. (male) Artaxerxes (Ezr 7:1, 7, 11; 8:1; Ne 2:1; 5:14; 13:6+), see also 831.5, 831.6; see also 10078

אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּ (ʾǎr·tǎḥ·šǎśt): n.pr.; ≡ Str 783;—LN 93-pers. (male) Artaxerxes (Ezr 4:7b+), see also 831

אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא (ʾǎr·tǎḥ·šǎś·tā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 783;—LN 93-pers. (male) Artaxerxes (Ezr 4:7a+), see also 831

832 אֲשַׂרְאֵל (ʾǎśǎr·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 840;—LN 93-pers. (male) Asarel: of Judah (1Ch 4:16+)

833 אֲשַׂרְאֵלָה (ʾǎśǎr·ʾē·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 841;—LN 93-pers. (male) Asarelah: temple musician (1Ch 25:2+), see also 3777

834 אַשְׂרִאֵלִי (ʾǎś·ri·ʾē·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 845;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Asrielite: pertaining to Asriel (Nu 26:31+), see also 835

835 אַשְׂרִיאֵל (ʾǎś·rî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 844;—LN 93-pers. (male) Asriel: of Manasseh (Nu 26:31; Jos 17:2; 1Ch 7:14+), see also 834

836 I. אֵשׁ (ʾēš): n.fem.; ≡ Str 784, 800; TWOT 172—1. LN 2.3 fire, i.e., that which burns combustible material (Ex 22:5[EB 6]); 2. LN 2.4 flame of a fire (Jdg 16:9); 3. LN 14.16 lightning (Ex 9:23); 4. LN 2.3–2.6 live coal as fire starter (Ge 22:6); 5. LN 14.36–14.52 unit: עַמּוּד אֵשׁ (ʿǎm·mûḏ ʾēš)1 pillar of fire (Ex 13:21), note: a fire for light so possibly translate “torch” referring to theophany; 6. LN 6.52–6.53 unit: רֶכֶב אֵשׁ (rě·ḵěḇ ʾēš)1 chariot of fire, i.e., apparently a bright, glowing, supernatural transport vehicle, with an associative implication of a military vehicle (2Ki 2:11), note: just as fire of heaven consumed in prior chapter, now a fire of heaven transports the man of God; 7. LN 2.3–2.6 unit: לָשׁוֹן אֵשׁ (lā·šôn ʾēš)1 flame of fire (Isa 5:24), see also 852; 8. LN 88.171–88.191 fire, with the strong associative meaning of anger (Isa 66:16); 9. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: אֵשׁ עֶבְרָה (ʾēš ʿěḇ·rā(h)) burning anger, i.e., anger with a strong implication of destruction based on actions from that anger (Eze 21:36[EB 31]; 22:21, 31; 38:19); 10. LN 88.160–88.166 unit: אֵשׁ קִנְאָה (ʾēš qin·ʾā(h)) burning zeal, i.e., jealousy with a strong implication of destruction (Eze 36:5; Zep 1:18; 3:8)

837 II. אֵשׁ (ʾēš): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 748; TWOT 162—LN 65.17–65.19 בְּדֵי־אֵשׁ (beḏê-·ʾēš) trifle, little bit, i.e., what is of little value or worthless (Jer 51:58b; Hab 2:13+), note: for NIV parsing, see 836

838 אִשׁ (ʾiš): pt. of affirmation; ≡ Str 786; TWOT 173—LN 13.69–13.103 there is, i.e., to exist with respect to a particular circumstance (2Sa 14:19; Mic 6:10+), see also 409, 3780, note: for NIV text in Mic 6:10, see 5960, Pr 18:24, see 408; see also 3780

839 אַשְׁבֵּל (ʾǎš·bēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 788;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ashbel: son of Benjamin (Ge 46:21; Nu 26:38; 1Ch 8:1+), see also 840

840 אַשְׁבֵּלִי (ʾǎš·bē·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 789;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ashbelite: pertaining to Ashbel (Nu 26:38+), see also 839

841 אֶשְׁבָּן (ʾěš·bān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 790;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eshban: of Esau, from Edom (Ge 36:26; 1Ch 1:41+)

842 אַשְׁבֵּעַ (ʾǎš·bēaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 791;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ashbea: part of a compound name, Beth Ashbea, see 1080

843 אֶשְׁבַּעַל (ʾěš·bǎ·ʿǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 792;—LN 93-pers. (male) Esh-Baal: son of King Saul (1Ch 8:33; 9:39+), see also 410

844 אָשֵׁד (ʾā·šēḏ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 794; TWOT 174b—LN 1.46–1.50 mountain slopes, i.e., the lower part of an elevated area, possibly foothills (Dt 3:17; 4:49; Jos 10:40; 12:3, 8; 13:20+), see also 845, 850

845 אֶשֶׁד (ʾě·šěḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 793; TWOT 174a—1. LN 1.51–1.59 (most versions) slope, lower part of a ravine, possibly the very bottom of the ravine or wadi area (Nu 21:15+), see also 844, 850, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 1.60–1.68 (NEB, REB) watershed, i.e., an area of divide of flow direction (Nu 21:15+)

אַשְׁדֳּוִיּוֹת (ʾǎš·dǒwiy·yôṯ) BDB: see 847 (Ne 13:23 K)

אֲשֵׁדָה (ʾǎšē·ḏā(h)) BDB: see 844, 845

846 אַשְׁדּוֹד (ʾǎš·dôḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 795;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ashdod: town on the Philistine Plain, 22 mi. S of Joppa (Jos 11:22; 15:46, 47; 1Sa 5:1, 5, 6, 7; 6:17; 2Ch 26:6; Isa 20:1; Jer 25:20; Am 1:8; 3:9; Zep 2:4; Zec 9:6+)

847 אַשְׁדּוֹדִי (ʾǎš·dô·ḏî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 796;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ashdodite: pertaining to a people from the town of Ashdod (Jos 13:3; 1Sa 5:3, 6; Ne 4:1[EB 7]; 13:23+)

848 אַשְׁדּוֹדִית (ʾǎš·dô·ḏîṯ): adv.; ≡ Str 797;—LN 11.90–11.95 pertaining to a manner or form of speaking, i.e., in the language of Ashdod (Ne 13:24+), note: reasoning suggests this may have been a type of language from the Philistine origins

849 אַשְׁדּוֹת הַפִּסְגָּה (ʾǎš·dôṯ hǎp·pis·gā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 798;—LN 93-place (a mountain) Ashdoth Pisgah: mountain or range of hills N of Dead Sea (Dt 3:17; 4:49; Jos 12:3; 13:20+), note: most versions translate as 844 + proper name 7171

אשׁדת (ʾšdt) Lisowsky: see 850

850 אֵשְׁדָּת (ʾēšed·dāṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 799; TWOT 174b—LN 1.46–1.50 mountain slopes, i.e., the lower part of an elevated area, possibly foothills (Dt 33:2 K+), see also 844, 845; note: Dt 33:2 Q, see 836 + 2017; Holladay suggests 836 + 3678 or 836 + 1944; see BHS ftn for other text evidence

אֶשָּׁה (ʾěš·šā(h)) Lisowsky, BDB: [n.fem.]; ≡ Str 799; TWOT 174b—LN 2.3 fire, i.e., that which burns combustible material (Jer 6:29 K+, note: for Q, see 836 + 9462

851 אִשָּׁה (ʾiš·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 802; TWOT 137a—1. LN 9.34–9.40 woman, female, i.e., the biological female of a species in creation, counter-part of the male (Ge 2:23; 7:2), note: the biological female also had varying unique societal roles; see also 408, 632; 2. LN 10.53–10.61 wife, i.e., female spouse in a marriage union (Ex 4:20); 3. LN 59.23–59.34 each, every, i.e., each one of a totality in a distributive sense (Ex 26:5, 17; Ru 1:8); 4. LN 10.53–10.61 (pl.) harem, i.e., a group of wives or concubines to one husband (Est 2:8); 5. LN 37.48–37.95 queen, i.e., the wife of a king, usually with limited political power (Jer 44:9); 6. LN 10.53–10.61 unit: אִשָּׁה אָב (ʾiš·šā(h) ʾāḇ) stepmother, i.e., one who is a mother by marriage, and not biological (Lev 18:11); 7. LN 88.271–88.282 unit: אִשָּׁה זְנוּנִים (ʾiš·šā(h) zenû·nîm) prostitute, formally, woman of prostitution (Hos 1:2a+); 8. LN 10.53–10.61 unit: אִשָּׁה חָדָשׁ (ʾiš·šā(h) ḥā·ḏāš) bride, formally, new woman, i.e., a woman recently married (Dt 24:5a+); 9. LN 6.96–6.101 unit: חֶמְדָּה אִשָּׁה (ḥěm·dā(h) ʾiš·šā(h)) idol object, i.e., a fashioned worship artifact representing a god (Da 11:37+); 10. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: אֹרַח ךְּ־ הַ־ אִשָּׁה (ʾō·rǎḥ k- hǎ- ʾiš·šā(h)) childbearing, formally, way of the woman, i.e., the condition of being fertile and so give birth (Ge 18:11+); 11. LN 92.26 unit: אִשָּׁה אֶל אָחוֹת ־ָה (ʾiš·šā(h) ʾěl ʾā·ḥôṯ ā-(h)) to each other, to one another, together, formally, each to his sister, i.e., a marker of reciprocal reference, with a focus on close proximity (Ex 26:3,5, 6, 17; Eze 1:9, 23; 3:13+), note: see also 278, 288; 12. LN 92.26 unit: אִשָּׁה רְעוּת ־ָה (ʾiš·šā(h) reʿûṯ ā-(h)) one another, each other, i.e., a pronoun which marks reciprocation between two (female) groups or persons (Jer 9:19[EB 20]; Zec 11:9+); 13. LN 7.26–7.53 unit: בַּיִת אִשָּׁה (bǎ·yiṯ ʾiš·šā(h)) place where harem lives, formally, house of women, i.e., a secure area of the palace where the women of the king reside (Est 2:3, 9, 11, 13, 14+); 14. LN 10.53–10.61 unit: אִשָּׁה אַלְמָנָה (ʾiš·šā(h) ʾǎl·mā·nā(h)) widow, formally, woman of widowhood, i.e., a person whose husband has died (1Ki 11:26; 17:10); 15. LN 10.53–10.61 unit: אִשָּׁה מוּת (ʾiš·šā(h) mûṯ) widow, formally, wife of the dead one, i.e., a person whose husband has died (Dt 25:5a; Ru 4:5); 16. LN 23.182 unit: דֶּרֶךְ אִשָּׁה (dě·rěḵ ʾiš·šā(h)) menstrual period, formally, way of a woman, i.e., have a female cyclical vaginal egg discharge (Ge 31:35); 17. LN 34.66–34.78 unit: הָיָה לְ־ אִשָּׁה (hā·yā(h) l- ʾiš·šā(h)) marry, i.e., enter into a marital relation (Nu 36:3); 18. LN 34.66–34.78 unit: נָתַן לְ־ אִשָּׁה (nā·ṯǎn l- ʾiš·šā(h)) give in marriage, give as a wife, i.e., negotiate the bride for marriage, including financial transactions (Jdg 1:12); 19. LN 34.66–34.78 unit: לָקַח אִשָּׁה (lā·qǎḥ ʾiš·šā(h)) married, formally, take a wife, i.e., enter into a marital relation (Ge 11:29)

852 אִשֶּׁה (ʾiš·šě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 801; TWOT 172a—LN 53.16–53.27 an offering made by fire, burnt offering, likely a general term for sacrifice, though it may be, in some contexts, a more technical term for a kind of sacrifice (Ex 29:18, 25, 41; Ex 30:20; Lev 1:9–24:9 passim; Nu 15:3, 10, 13, 14, 25; 18:17; 28:2–29:36 passim; Dt 18:1; Jos 13:14; 1Sa 2:28+), see also 836, note: see also WBC4:13(ftn 9g)

אשׁויה (ʾšwyh) Lisowsky: see 859 (Jer 50:15 K+)

853 אֲשׁוּיָה (ʾǎšû·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 803; TWOT 175a—see 859 (Jer 50:15 K+)

אשׁויתיה (ʾšwytyh) BDB: see 859

854 אֱשׁוּן (ʾěšûn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 380; TWOT 83b—1. LN 67.73–67.77 a fixed time, in reference to another time (Pr 20:20 Q+), note: oth read K, see 413; 2. LN 14.53–14.62 unit: אֱשׁוּן חֹשֶׁךְ (ʾěšûn ḥō·šěḵ) pitch dark, i.e., nighttime, with the focus on darkness (Pr 20:20 Q+)

אָשׁוּר (ʾā·šûr), אֲשׁוּר (ʾǎšûr) BDB: see 892

855 אַשּׁוּר (ʾǎš·šûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 804; TWOT 176—1. LN 93-place (terr) Assyria: land located on the Upper Tigris River in modern Iraq (Ge 10:11), see also 855.5; 2. LN 93-place Asshur: capital city of Assyria (Eze 27:23), see also 855.5

אַשּׁוּר (ʾǎš·šûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 804; TWOT 176—LN 93-pers. (male) Asshur: 1. son of Shem (Ge 10:22; 1Ch 1:17), see also 855; (gent.) 2. Assyrians: people of the land or clan of Asshur (2Ki 15:29), see also 855 3. another desert tribe, see also 857, note: oth see 2.

856 אֲשׁוּרִי (ʾǎšû·rî): n.pr. [Holladay: terr]; ≡ Str 805;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ashuri: the people of Asher (2Sa 2:9+) note: some sources say this refers to an Assyrian (NJB ftn), oth uncertain (Tanakh); oth Holladay, KB, BDB, BHS ftn question as corrupt, with differing solutions

857 אַשּׁוּרִם (ʾǎš·šû·rim): n.pr. [Holladay: n.pr.masc.]; ≡ Str 805;—LN 93-pers. (gent. pl.) Asshurites: people of Dedan, grandson of Abraham-Keturah (Ge 25:3+), see also 855.5 3

858 אַשְׁחוּר (ʾǎš·ḥûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 806;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ashhur: son of Caleb (1Ch 2:24; 4:5+)

859 אָשְׁיָה (ʾāš·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 803; TWOT 175a—1. LN 7.23 tower, i.e., a tall defensive building (Jer 50:15 Q+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 7.26–7.53 pillar, columns, buttresses, i.e., a part of a building (Jer 50:15 Q+), note: some ancient versions translate as “foundations.”

860 אֲשִׁימָא (ʾǎšî·mā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 807;—LN 12.23 Ashima: pagan god (2Ki 17:30+)

אֲשִׁימָה (ʾǎšî·mā(h)) Holladay: see 860

אֲשֵׁירָה (ʾǎšê·rā(h)) BDB: see 895

861 אָשִׁישׁ (ʾā·šîš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 808; TWOT 185a—LN 9.1–9.23 (pl.) people, formally, men, i.e., persons who live in proximity to one another as an identifiable group (Isa 16:7+), see also 408; note: some sources relate to 862, and so translate “raisin-cakes.”

862 אֲשִׁישָׁה (ʾǎšî·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 809; TWOT 185a—1. LN 5.1–5.22 cake of raisins, i.e., a brick of dried, compressed grapes, as an energizing and valued food (2Sa 6:19; 1Ch 16:3; SS 2:5+); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 sacred raisin cakes, i.e., a food offering to pagan gods (Hos 3:1+)

863 אֶשֶׁךְ (ʾě·šěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 810; TWOT 177—LN 8.43 testicle, i.e., part of the male sex organ (Lev 21:20+)

864 I. אֶשְׁכּוֹל (ʾěš·kôl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 811; TWOT 178—1. LN 3.38 cluster of grapes, i.e., the fruit of a grapevine (Ge 40:10; Nu 13:23, 24; Dt 32:32; SS 7:9[EB 8]; Isa 65:8; Mic 7:1+), cf. also 865; 2. LN 3.33–3.46 cluster of palm fruit (SS 7:8[EB 7]+); 3. LN 3.33–3.46 cluster of henna blossoms (SS 1:14+)

865 II. אֶשְׁכּוֹל (ʾěš·kôl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 812;—LN 93-place (loc.) (valley of) Eshcol: valley in the Judean hill country (Nu 13:23, 24; 32:9; Dt 1:24+), cf. also 864

866 III. אֶשְׁכֹּל (ʾěš·kōl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 812;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eshcol: an ally of Abram in battle (Ge 14:13, 24+)

אֶשְׁכֹּל (ʾěš·kōl) BDB: see 864 (SS 1:14)

867 אַשְׁכְּנַז (ʾǎš·kenǎz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 813;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ashkenaz: 1. son of Gomer (Ge 10:3; 1Ch 1:6+) 2. country near Armenia, on the Upper Euphrates (Jer 51:27+)

אַשְׁכְּנָז (ʾǎš·kenāz) Holladay: see 867

868 אֶשְׁכָּר (ʾěš·kār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 814; TWOT 2389a—1. LN 57.178–57.185 gift, tribute, i.e., a gift obligatory as diplomatic protocol, implying obeisance to a superior (Ps 72:10+); 2. LN 57.186–57.188 barter exchange, i.e., a medium of payment for goods (Eze 27:15+)

869 אֵשֶׁל (ʾē·šěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 815; TWOT 179a—LN 3.2–3.12 species of tree, (most versions) tamarisk tree, identified as Tamarix syriaca boissier (Ge 21:33; 1Sa 22:6; 31:13+), note: NEB translates as “a strip of ground,” apparently based on LXX and ancient versions

אשׁם (ʾšm): see 870

870 אָשַׁם (ʾā·šǎm): v.; ≡ Str 816; TWOT 180—1. LN 88.289–88.318 (qal) be guilty, sin, i.e., be liable for a wrongdoing and sin against a standard, and so possibly suffer punishment or recompense (Lev 4:13); (hif) declare guilty (Ps 5:11[EB 10]+), note: in NIV Jdg 21:22, “are innocent” as a statement of fact is different in form from “would be guilty,” but are dynamically similar because of the change in grammatical mood; 2. LN 24.77–24.94 (nif) be suffering, i.e., to be in pain or distress, with no particular focus on punishment (Joel 1:18+); 3. LN 38.1–38.13 (qal) suffer punishment, i.e., have an event which inflicts pain and possibly destruction, based on guilt or liability for wrongdoing (Eze 6:6+), note: NIV translates the result of punishment, “devastated”

871 אָשָׁם (ʾā·šām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 817; TWOT 180b—1. LN 53.16–53.27 guilt offering, i.e., an atoning sacrifice (Lev 5:15b); 2. LN 88.289–88.318 guilt, i.e., liability to a standard, with some implication of punishing consequences (Ge 26:10); 3. LN 38.1–38.13 penalty, i.e., a thing which must be forfeited in a judicial decision (Lev 5:6, 7, 15; 5:25[EB 6:6]); 4. LN 57.152–57.171 damage, i.e., the result of a wrong that is committed against another (Nu 5:7, 8), note: Ezr 10:19 in MT see 872

872 אָשֵׁם (ʾā·šēm): adj.; ≡ Str 818; TWOT 180a—LN 88.289–88.318 guilty, culpable, i.e., pertaining to bearing guilt, with a strong implication of punishing consequences to the guilty (Ge 42:21; 2Sa 14:13; Ezr 10:19+), note: the NIV repoints Ezr 10:19 to 871

873 אַשְׁמָה (ʾǎš·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 819; TWOT 180c—1. LN 88.289–88.318 guilt, guiltiness, trespass, i.e., liability to a standard (Lev 4:3; Lev 5:26[EB 6:7]; 1Ch 21:3; 2Ch 24:18; 28:10, 13; 33:23; Ezr 9:6, 7, 13, 15; 10:10, 19; Ps 69:6[EB 5]+); 2. LN 53.16–53.27 a guilt offering, i.e., an atoning sacrifice (Lev 5:24[EB 6:5]; 22:16+); 3. LN 6.96–6.101 unit: אַשְׁמָה שֹׁמְרוֹן (ʾǎš·mā(h) šō·merôn) shame of Samaria, i.e., a figurative extension for the name of an idol artifact residing in Samaria (Am 8:14+), note: a golden calf at Bethel or the other Baals of Samaria

874 אַשְׁמוּרָה (ʾǎš·mû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 821; TWOT 2414e—1. LN 67.163–67.200 watch of the night, a divisible time period unit of the night, not specified (Ps 63:7[EB 6]; 90:4; 119:148; La 2:19+), note: plural, all the watches of the night; 2. LN 67.198 unit: אַשְׁמוּרָה בֹּקֶר (ʾǎš·mû·rā(h) bō·qěr)2 last night watch before morning (Ex 14:24; 1Sa 11:11+); 3. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: אַשְׁמוּרָה תִּיכוֹן (ʾǎš·mû·rā(h) tî·ḵôn) middle watch of the night (Jdg 7:19+)

875 אַשְׁמָן (ʾǎš·mān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 820; TWOT 2410d—LN 23.129–23.141 (pl.) strong, formally, fat, i.e., a class of vigorous, robust, healthy persons (Isa 59:10+), see also domain LN 76

אַשְׁמַנִּים (ʾǎš·mǎn·nîm) BDB: see 875

אַשְׁמֹרֶת (ʾǎš·mō·rěṯ) BDB: see 874 Ex 14:24; Jdg 7:19; 1Sa 11:11+

876 אֶשְׁנָב (ʾěš·nāḇ): ; ≡ Str 822; TWOT 2418a—LN 7.47 latticed window, i.e., an air hole in a wall with strips covering the hole, possibly in decorative pattern, which could be seen through with some effort (Jdg 5:28; Pr 7:6+), note: some focus the meaning on the lattice itself and not the window, but parallelism favors interp as both

877 אַשְׁנָה (ʾǎš·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 823;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ashnah: 1. town of Judah (Jos 15:33+) 2. another town of Judah (Jos 15:43+)

878 אֶשְׁעָן (ʾěš·ʿān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 824;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eshan: town in the Judean hill country (Jos 15:52+)

879 אַשָּׁף (ʾǎš·šāp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 825; TWOT 181—LN 53.96–53.101 chanter, enchanter, conjurer, i.e., a class of persons in the profession of sorcery and magic arts, possibly necromancy and communication with the dead (Da 1:20; 2:2+)

880 אַשְׁפָּה (ʾǎš·pā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 827; TWOT 182a—1. LN 6.29–6.40 arrow quiver, i.e., a container to hold arrows (Job 39:23; Isa 22:6; 49:2; Jer 5:16; La 3:13+), see also domain LN 6.118–6.151; 2. LN 21.9–21.13 unit: מָלֵא אַשְׁפָּה (mā·lē(ʾ) ʾǎš·pā(h)) full quiver, i.e., the figurative extension of safety and security, with resources (Ps 127:5+)

881 אַשְׁפְּנַז (ʾǎš·penǎz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 828;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ashpenaz: high official of Babylon (Da 1:3+)

882 אֶשְׁפָּר (ʾěš·pār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 829; TWOT 182.1—LN 5.1–5.22 cake of dates, i.e., a pressed cake of dates and grain flour (2Sa 6:19; 1Ch 16:3+)

883 אַשְׁפֹּת (ʾǎš·pōṯ): n.fem.pl. [oth n.masc.] [see also 883.5]; ≡ Str 830; TWOT 2441b—LN 79.48–79.56 pile of trash, i.e., a dumping place of worthless garbage and refuse, i.e., an ash and dung pile, with the associative meaning of worthlessness and low status (1Sa 2:8; Ps 113:7; La 4:5+), note: ety. suggests “ash” heap, but some sources mention both ash and dung in this pile, though it is possible the versions use a more generic use of “dung” as anything repulsive

אַשְׁפֹּת (ʾǎš·pōṯ): n.pr. [served by 883]; ≡ Str 830; TWOT 2441b—LN 93-place (loc.) Dung Gate: an entrance area (Ne 2:13; 3:13, 14; 12:31+), see also 883

אַשְׁפַּתּוֹת (ʾǎš·pǎt·tôṯ) BDB: see 883

884 אַשְׁקְלוֹן (ʾǎš·qelôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 831;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ashkelon: town on the Philistine Plain, 32 mi. S of Joppa, (Jdg 1:18; 14:19; 1Sa 6:17; 2Sa 1:20; Jer 25:20; 47:5, 7; Am 1:8; Zep 2:4, 7; Zec 9:5+), see also 885

885 אֶשְׁקְלוֹנִי (ʾěš·qelô·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 832;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ashkelonite: pertaining to Ashkelon (Jos 13:3+), see also 884

I. אשׁר (ʾšr): see 886

886 I. אָשַׁר (ʾā·šǎr): v.; ≡ Str 833; TWOT 183—1. LN 41.1–41.24 (qal) live an upright life, formally walk straight in the way (Pr 9:6+); (piel) (Pr 4:14; 23:19+); 2. LN 88.262–88.270 (piel) lead, guide (Isa 3:12; 9:15a), note: Isa 1:17 some place under 887; (pual) be guided (Isa 9:15b[EB 16]+)

887 II. אָשַׁר (ʾā·šǎr): v.; ≡ Str 833; TWOT 183—1. LN 33.470–33.475 (piel) call blessed, pronounce happy, i.e., speak well of someone (Ge 30:13; Job 29:11; Ps 72:17; Pr 31:28; SS 6:9; Isa 1:17; Mal 3:12, 15+), note: in some contexts this speaking well of is elevated to a blessing and invocation of the LORD’S prosperity; (pual) (Ps 41:3[EB 2]; Pr 3:18+), in the passive the recipient changes but same meaning. Note: some place Isa 1:17 under 886, for another interp of Isa 1:17, see next; 2. LN 33.224–33.250 encourage, i.e., to speak well of another with the focus on a changed behavior, or a continuation of a behavior, as a kind of teaching situation (Isa 1:17+)

אָשָׁר (ʾā·šār) BDB: see 890, 891, 897

888 אָשֵׁר (ʾā·šēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 836; TWOT 183e—LN 93-pers. (male/gent.) Asher: 1. son of Jacob (Ge 30:13) 2. tribe (Dt 27:13), see also 896

אָשֵׁר (ʾā·šēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 836;—LN 93-place (loc.) Asher: 1. territory in W Galilee, on the Acco Plain (Jos 17:10; Eze 48:3) 2. (BDB) a city E of Shechem (Jos 17:7+), note: oth same as 1.

889 אֲשֶׁר (ʾǎšěr): pt. and c.; ≡ Str 834; TWOT 184—1. LN 92.27–92.28 which, what, who, i.e., a marker of a relative reference to an entity, event, or state (Ge 3:17); 2. LN 92.11–92.25 whoever, whichever, whatever, i.e., a marker of reference to an indefinite entity, event, or state (Ge 34:11); 3. LN 83.5–83.8 where, at, here, there, i.e., a marker of reference to a position (Ge 19:29); 4. LN 89.105 with, by means of, i.e., a marker of linkage between two objects, but without specification (Ge 1:11); 5. LN 90.21–90.28 that, i.e., a marker of discourse content, whether direct or indirect (1Sa 15:20); 6. LN 89.15–89.38 because, for, i.e., a marker of cause or reason (Ge 31:49); 7. LN 64 as, just as, i.e., a marker of comparison (Ge 41:28); 8. LN 89.65–89.70 if, i.e., a marker of a condition, real or unreal (Lev 5:2); 9. LN 89.39–89.54 so, so that, i.e., a marker of result (Ge 11:8); 10. LN 67.17–67.64 when, i.e., a marker of a point in time roughly simultaneous to or overlapping another point in time (Ge 6:4), note: NIV repoints Ps 10:6 as 890, see also 8611, see also 948, 3876, 4424; note: see full lexicons and grammars for a full accounting of meanings and use; note: for NIV text in 1Ki 11:25, see 6913

אֲשֶׁר (ʾǎšěr): p.—see 889

אֲשֶׁר (ʾǎšěr): c.—see 889

890 אֶשֶׁר (ʾě·šěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 835; TWOT 183a—LN 25.116–25.134 blessedness, happiness, good fortune, i.e., a state of joyful mind (Pr 29:18+), see also 897, note: Ps 10:6 MT form reads 889

891 אֹשֶׁר (ʾō·šěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 837; TWOT 183b—LN 25.116–25.134 blessedness, good fortune, i.e., a state of happiness or joy (Ge 30:13+), see also 897

892 אָשֻׁר (ʾā·šǔr): n.fem.; ≡ Str 838; TWOT 183d—1. LN 41.44–41.49 steps, i.e., the figurative extension of walking on a path, meaning to live life in a certain, restrictive but correct way (Job 23:11; Ps 17:5; 37:31; 44:19[EB 18]; Pr 14:15+), note: many versions in Eze 27:6 reconfigure Hebrew letters to 928 + 9309, see also 893, note: see BHS ftn Ps 17:11 for diff. text solutions; 2. LN 21.9–21.13 a place to stand, i.e., a figurative extension of security, safety, and stability, free from danger (Ps 40:3[EB 2]; 73:2+)

אַשֻּׁר (ʾǎš·šǔr) Lisowsky, BDB: see 893 or 855

893 I. אַשֻּׁר (ʾǎš·šǔr): n.fem.; ≡ Str 838; TWOT 183d—1. LN 41.44–41.49 step, i.e., the figurative extension of walking on a path, meaning to live life in a certain, restrictive but correct way (Job 31:7); 2. LN 15.158–15.159 tracking, hunting down, i.e., taking steps and pursuing someone like prey (Ps 17:11+), see also 892

894 II. אַשֻּׁר (ʾǎš·šǔr): n.pr.—see 855, 855.5 (terr or gent.) (1Ch 5:6+)

895 אֲשֵׁרָה (ʾǎšē·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 842; TWOT 183h—1. LN 12.23 (pagan goddess) Asherah: pagan goddess (1Ki 18:19; 2Ki 23:4, 7); 2. LN 6.96–6.101 pole of Asherah worship (Ex 34:13); 3. LN 6.96–6.101 an Asherah image for worship (Jdg 3:7)

896 אָשֵׁרִי (ʾā·šē·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 843;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Asherite: pertaining to people of Asher (Jdg 1:32+), see also 888(2.)

897 אַשְׁרֵי (ʾǎš·rê): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 835; TWOT 183a—LN 25.116–25.134 blessed!, how happy!, i.e., a heightened state of happiness and joy, implying very favorable circumstance and enjoyment (Dt 33:29; 1Ki 10:8; 2Ch 9:7; Job 5:17; Ps 1:1; 2:12; 32:1, 2; 33:12; 34:9[EB 8]; 40:5[EB 4]; 41:2[EB 1]; 65:5[EB 4]; 84:5[EB 4],6[EB 5],13[EB 12]; 89:16[EB 15]; 94:12; 106:3; 112:1; 119:1, 2; 127:5; 128:1, 2; 137:8, 9; 144:15; 146:5; Pr 3:13; 8:32, 34; 14:21; 16:20; 20:7; 28:14; Ecc 10:17; Isa 30:18; 32:20; 56:2; Da 12:12+), see also 890, 891

898 אֲשֻׁרִים (ʾǎšǔ·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 843; TWOT 183f—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) בַּת־אֲשֻׁרִים (bǎṯ-·ʾǎšǔ·rîm) daughters of the Ashurites (KJV, NKJV) (Eze 27:6+), identifying who made the planks or benches, note: BDB, KB, Holladay, most versions, reseparate into בְּ־ (b) and תְּאַשּׁוּר (teʾǎš·šûr) 928 + 9309

אשׁשׁ (ʾšš): see 899

899 אָשַׁשׁ (ʾā·šǎš): v.; ≡ Str 377; TWOT 83a—LN 25.156–25.166 (hitp imv.) be strong of courage, i.e., be encouraged or emboldened (Isa 46:8+); (Isa 46:8+), note: other option is: NIV, “fix in one’s mind;” note: see WBC25:165 8b for a survey of other text options; note: BHS ftn recommends deletion which is not a contextual imperative

אֵשֶׁת (ʾē·šěṯ): see 851

900 אֶשְׁתָּאוֹל (ʾěš·tā·ʾôl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 847;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eshtaol: town in the N Shephalah of Judah, (Jos 15:33; 19:41; Jdg 13:25; 16:31; 18:2, 8, 11+)

אֶשְׁתָּאֹל (ʾěš·tā·ʾōl) BDB: see 900

901 אֶשְׁתָּאֻלִי (ʾěš·tā·ʾǔ·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 848;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Eshtaolite: pertaining to Eshtaol (1Ch 2:53+)

902 אֶשְׁתּוֹן (ʾěš·tôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 850;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eshton: of Judah (1Ch 4:11, 12+)

אֵשׁתַּם (ʾēš·tǎm): see 836 + 9447 (Jer 6:29 K+)

903 אֶשְׁתְּמֹה (ʾěš·temō(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 851;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eshtemoh: town of Judah, a city of refuge, (Jos 15:50+), see also 904.5

אֶשְׁתְּמוֹעַ (ʾěš·temôaʿ): see 904, 904.5

904 אֶשְׁתְּמֹעַ (ʾěš·temōaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 851;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eshtemoa: 1. descendant of Judah (1Ch 4:17+) 2. another descendant of Judah (1Ch 4:19+)

אֶשְׁתְּמֹעַ (ʾěš·temōaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 851;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eshtemoa: town of Judah, a city of refuge, (Jos 21:14; 1Sa 30:28; 1Ch 6:42[EB 57]+), see also 903

905 אַתְּ (ʾǎt): p. (personal 2fs); ≡ Str 859; TWOT 189—LN 92.6–92.10 you, a referential of the receptor (Ge 12:11), see also 911

אַתָּ (ʾǎt·tā) BDB: see 911

אָתְּ (ʾāt) BDB: see 905

906 I. אֵת (ʾēṯ): pt.; ≡ Str 853; TWOT 186—LN 91 not translated, i.e., a structural marker of the case of the direct object, its meaning is conveyed in English by equivalent syntax, not usually a distinct semantic unit (Ge 1:1); grammatical note: to Hebrew students; usually the form is אֶת־ (ʾěṯ-) (note maqqeph), then possibly אֵת (ʾēṯ); the remainder of the time look for an o-class vowel, holem, -ֹ (ō); see also domains LN 84, LN 89

907 II. אֵת (ʾēṯ): prep.; ≡ Str 854; TWOT 187—1. LN 89.107–89.119 with, accompanied, i.e., a marker of association (Ge 4:1); 2. LN 89.92–89.104 and, also with, both and, along with, i.e., a marker of coordinate additional relation (Ge 6:13); 3. LN 90.31–90.35 against, i.e., a marker of opposition, usually implying antagonism (Ge 14:9); 4. LN 83.9–83.17 among, in, i.e., a marker of a space within a certain area (Ge 34:10); 5. LN 83.23–83.32 near, by, i.e., a marker of being in close proximity to a space (1Sa 25:15); 6. LN 89.76–89.78 through, i.e., a marker of means (1Ki 6:12); 7. LN 89.8–89.11 according to, i.e., a marker of correspondence (2Ki 22:16); 8. LN 84.1–84.15 unit: מִן אֵת (min ʾēṯ)2 from, i.e., a marker of an extension away from a source (Ge 49:30); 9. LN 90.14–90.16 unit: מִן אֵת (min ʾēṯ)2 from, i.e., a marker of a source from an implied event (Ge 17:27); grammatical note: to Hebrew students; when parsing in an inflected form, look for segol -ֶ (ě), tsere -ֵ (ē), or hirek -ִ (i), as the vowels in inflection; only occasionally (a couple dozen times) an o-class vowel, holem -ֹ (ō) is used; then use context to see if it is a relational marker, “with” or “against.”

908 III. אֵת (ʾēṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 855; TWOT 192a—LN 6.4–6.9 cutting tool of iron: plowshare, mattock, adze, i.e., a digging implement (1Sa 13:20, 21; Isa 2:4; Joel 4:10[EB 3:10]; Mic 4:3+), note: BDB reads 2Ki 6:5 אֶת־ בַּרְזֶל (ʾěṯ- bǎr·zěl) mattock, i.e., adze-head of iron

אֹת (ʾōṯ): see 254, 906

אתא (ʾtʾ): see 910 Dt 33:21+

909 אֶתְבַּעַל (ʾěṯ·bǎ·ʿǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 856;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ethbaal: king of Sidon, father of Jezebel (1Ki 16:31+)

אתה (ʾth): see 910

910 אָתָה (ʾā·ṯā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 857; TWOT 188—1. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) come/go, i.e., linear motion from one place to another (Dt 33:2; Job 30:14; 37:22; Ps 68:32[EB 31]; Pr 1:27; Isa 41:5, 25; 56:9, 12+); 2. LN 15.165–15.186 (hif) bring, i.e., cause to move an object to another place by linear motion (Isa 21:14; Jer 12:9+); 3. LN 15.123–15.134 (qal) assemble (Dt 33:21+); 4. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) happen, come upon, i.e., have a state or event happen as a figurative extension of linear movement toward an object (Job 3:25+); 5. LN 67.78–67.117 (qal) pass. time, i.e., have a duration of time happen (Job 16:22; Isa 21:12a+); 6. LN 13.48–13.68 (qal) change of state, i.e., return to a former state as a figurative extension of returning as a linear motion (Jer 3:22; Mic 4:8+); 7. LN 15.88–15.92 unit: שׁוּב אָתָה (šûḇ ʾā·ṯā(h)) (qal) return, come back, i.e., move back to a point previously departed from (Isa 21:12b+), note: for fem. ptcp. as n.fem., see also 915.5

911 אַתָּה (ʾǎt·tā(h)): p. (personal 2ms.); ≡ Str 859; TWOT 189—1. LN 92.6–92.10 you, your, yourself, a referential of the receptor (Ge 3:11), see also 905; 2. LN 92.6–92.10 unit: אַתָּה (ʾǎt·tā(h)) … אַתָּה (ʾǎt·tā(h)) you alone (Ps 76:8[EB 7])

אָתָּה (ʾāt·tā(h)) BDB: see 911

912 אָתוֹן (ʾā·ṯôn): n.fem.; ≡ Str 860; TWOT 190a—1. LN 4.31 female donkey, she-ass, i.e., a domestic beast for travel or burden bearing (Ge 12:16; 32:16[EB 15]; 45:23; 49:11; Nu 22:21–33 passim; Jdg 5:10; 1Sa 9:3,5, 20; 10:2,14, 16; 2Ki 4:22, 24; 1Ch 27:30; Job 1:3, 14; 42:12; Zec 9:9+); 2. LN 4.33 unit: בֵּן אָתוֹן (bēn ʾā·ṯôn) foal, i.e., the offspring of a female donkey (Ge 49:11; Zec 9:9+)

אתוק (ʾtwq) BDB: see 913

913 אַתּוּק (ʾǎt·tûq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 862; TWOT 191a—LN 7.26–7.53 gallery, porch, i.e., a part of a building (Eze 41:15 K+), note: for Q, see 916

אתוקיהו (ʾtwqyhw) Holladay: see 913 + 2023 (Eze 41:15 K+)

אתי (ʾty) BDB: see 914

אַתְּי (ʾǎtey): see 905

914 אַתִּי (ʾǎt·tî): p. (personal 2fs); ≡ Str 859; TWOT 189—LN 92.6–92.10 you, a referential of the receptor, the K in all the following (Jdg 17:2; 1Ki 14:2; 2Ki 4:16, 23; 8:1; Jer 4:30; Eze 36:13+), note: for Q, see 905

915 אִתַּי (ʾit·tǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 863;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ittai: 1. from Gath, a high commander for David (2Sa 15:19, 21, 22; 18:2, 5, 12+) 2. a great warrior for David (2Sa 23:29+), see also 416

אֹתִיּוֹת (ʾō·ṯiy·yôṯ): n.fem. [oth qal fem.ptcp. of 910]; ≡ Str 863;—1. LN 67.135 (pl.) future things, i.e., what is to come (Isa 44:7; 45:11+); 2. LN 67.135 unit: אֹתִיּוֹת לְ־ אָחוֹר (ʾō·ṯiy·yôṯ l- ʾā·ḥôr) the last things (Isa 41:23; 44:7; 45:11+)

916 אַתִּיק (ʾǎt·tîq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 862; TWOT 191a—LN 7.26–7.53 gallery, porch, i.e., a part of a building (Eze 41:15 Q,16; 42:3,5+), note: for K, see 913

917 אַתֶּם (ʾǎt·těm): p. (personal 2mp.); ≡ Str 859; TWOT 189—LN 92.6–92.10 you all, yours, yourselves, a referential of the receptor (Ge 9:7; 1Sa 8:17), see also 920

918 אֵתָם (ʾē·ṯām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 864;—LN 93-place (loc.) Etham: stopping place on route from Egypt (Ex 13:20; Nu 33:6, 7, 8+)

919 אֶתְמוֹל (ʾěṯ·môl): adv.; ≡ Str 865; TWOT 2521—1. LN 67.201–67.208 yesterday, i.e., the day before today (Ps 90:4+), see also 9453; 2. LN 67.17–67.64 lately, before, heretofore, i.e., a period of time prior to another time, either short or long (Isa 30:33; Mic 2:8+); 3. LN 67.17–67.64 unit: אֶתְמוֹל שִׁלְשׁוֹם (ʾěṯ·môl šil·šôm) formerly, before, in the past, i.e., formally, yesterday and day before, i.e., pertaining to a point in time prior to another time (1Sa 4:7; 10:11; 14:21; 19:7+); 4. LN 67.17–67.64 unit: גַּם אֶתְמוֹל גַּם שִׁלְשׁוֹם (gǎm ʾěṯ·môl gǎm šil·šôm) formerly, before, in the past, i.e., formally, yesterday and day before, i.e., pertaining to a point in time prior to another time (2Sa 5:2+)

אֶתְמוּל (ʾěṯ·mûl) BDB: see 919 (Isa 30:33; Mic 2:8+)

אִתְמוֹל (ʾiṯ·môl): see 919 1Sa 10:11+

920 אַתֵּן (ʾǎt·tēn): p. (personal 2fp); ≡ Str 859; TWOT 189—LN 92.6–92.10 you all, a referential of the receptor (Ge 31:6; Eze 13:20; 34:17, 31+), see also 917, note: for another parsing of Eze 13:11, see 5989

אֵתָן (ʾē·ṯān): see 419 (Job 12:19; 33:19; Mic 6:2+)

אַתֵּנָה (ʾǎt·tē·nā(h)) BDB: see 920, or HBFTADE, see 5989 (Eze 34:17)

921 אֶתְנָה (ʾěṯ·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 866; TWOT 2524a—LN 57.172–57.177 payment of a prostitute, i.e., a gift which is given as a quid pro quo and so an act. of hiring the service of another (Hos 2:14[EB 12]+), see also domain LN 88.271–88.282

922 אֶתְנִי (ʾěṯ·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 867;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ethni: musician (1Ch 6:26[EB 41]+), possibly see also 3290

923 אֵתָנִים (ʾē·ṯā·nîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 388;—LN 67.163–67.200 (most versions) (month of calendar) Ethanim: the 7th month of Canaanite calendar equal to Babylonian Tishri, now known as September-October (1Ki 8:2+), note: for another interp as a, see 419

924 אֶתְנַן (ʾěṯ·nǎn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 869;—1. LN 57.172–57.177 harlot’s wages, payment to a prostitute, i.e., a gift which is given as a quid pro quo for the hiring the service of another for sex, with a focus on the object or money which is the payment (Dt 23:19[EB 18]; Isa 23:18; Eze 16:31, 34,41; Hos 9:1; Mic 1:7+), see also domain LN 88.271–88.282; 2. LN 88.271–88.282 profession of prostitution, formally, hire of a harlot, i.e., harlotry as a line of work or a job (Isa 23:17+)

925 אֶתְנָן (ʾěṯ·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 868; TWOT 2529a—LN 93-pers. (male) Ethnan: of Judah (1Ch 4:7+)

926 אֲתָרִים (ʾǎṯā·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 871;—LN 93-place (loc.) Atharim: Negev trade route (Nu 21:1+)

ב

927 ב (b): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

928 בְּ־ (b): prep.; ≡ TWOT 193—1. LN 83.9–83.17 in, i.e., a marker of position within certain limits, contrasted with being outside an area, even in a three dimensional area (Ge 1:22), cf. also 1198; 2. LN 83.9–83.17 among, i.e., a marker of a position within an area, defined by the objects around it (Ge 41:3); 3. LN 83.46–83.47 on, over, i.e., a marker of a position upon the surface of an object (Ge 9:7b); 4. LN 83.23–83.32 at, by, i.e., a marker of a position in proximity or near vicinity to another object (Ge 38:14b); 5. LN 13.1–13.47 in, i.e., a marker of a state or condition (Isa 16:5); 6. LN 84.16–84.28 into, i.e., a marker of an extension toward a goal, which is inside an area (Ge 10:6a); 7. LN 89.107–89.119 in, i.e., a marker of association (Nu 14:11a); 8. LN 89.79–89.80 with, i.e., a marker of attendant circumstances, implying means (Ge 3:16a); 9. LN 90.8–90.13 with, by what means, i.e., a marker of an immediate instrument (1Ki 22:21); 10. LN 89.81–89.86 with, i.e., a marker of the manner in which an event occurs (2Sa 6:12); 11. LN 89.4–89.7 with, in, about, in regard to, in the case of, i.e., a marker of specification (Pr 22:19); 12. LN 89.141–89.142 of, consisting of, i.e., a marker of substance (Ge 9:15); 13. LN 90.56–90.84 to, with respect to, in relation to, i.e., a marker of an experiencer of an event (Nu 5:12); 14. LN 90.1–90.7 by, from, i.e., a marker of agency (Pr 8:15); 15. LN 90.29–90.30 by, i.e., a marker of guarantor participant with oaths (Ex 32:13); 16. LN 89.15–89.38 because, i.e., a marker of cause or reason (Ex 6:1); 17. LN 67.17–67.64 when, i.e., a marker of a time when it is simultaneous or overlapping another period of time (Ge 2:5b); 18. LN 67.136–67.141 during, through, i.e., a marker of an extent of time within a larger unit of time (Ge 30:14); 19. LN 90.21–90.28 concerning, with regard to, i.e., a marker of content as a means of specifying a particular referent (Isa 21:13); 20. LN 90.31–90.35 against, i.e., a marker of opposition (Ge 16:12), note: see fuller lexicons and grammars for more study on this lexeme

929 בִּאָה (bi·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 872; TWOT 212a—LN 7.37 entrance, i.e., entryway to a gate area (Eze 8:5+)

בּאר (bʾr) or באר (bʾr): see 930

930 בָּאַר (bā·ʾǎr): v.; ≡ Str 874; TWOT 194—1. LN 33.224–33.250 (piel) expound, i.e., proclaim a reiteration of a recent history and teach its significance (Dt 1:5+); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 (piel) make distinct letters (Dt 27:8; Hab 2:2+)

931 I. בְּאֵר (beʾēr): n.fem.; ≡ Str 875; TWOT 194a—1. LN 1.69–1.78 water well, i.e., a shaft sunk into the ground (sometimes a dry stream bed) for extraction of underground, internal, water (Ge 21:25, 30; 26:18), note: the size of the wells generally were large enough for public use, though there were wells for private use, though disputes over digging and water rights between parties could happen; note: possibly a n.pr. in Dt 10:6, see 940; see also 1071, 1014; 2. LN 1.51–1.59 pit, i.e., a depression in the earth (Ge 14:10); 3. LN 20.31–20.60 unit: בְּאֵר שַׁחַת (beʾēr šǎ·ḥǎṯ) pit of corruption, i.e., the figurative extension of destruction, or possibly the nether world of the grave, cf. also domain LN 1.17–1.25 (Ps 55:24[EB 23]+); 4. LN 20.31–20.60 unit: אָטַר בְּאֵר פֶּה ־הָ (ʾā·ṭǎr beʾēr pě(h) hā) the pit closes its mouth, i.e., a figurative extension for death or destruction (Ps 69:16[EB 15]+); 5. LN 22.29–22.34 unit: צַר בְּאֵר (ṣǎr beʾēr)1 narrow well, i.e., the figurative extension for difficulty or trouble to save another (Pr 23:27+)

932 II. בְּאֵר (beʾēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 876;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beer: 1. a site on the border of Moab (Nu 21:16+) 2. a place, possibly Gibeah (Jdg 9:21+), possibly see 940

933 III. בְּאֵר (beʾēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 884;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beer: part of a compound name, Beer Elim, see 935; Beer Lahai Roi 936; Beersheba, see 937; Baalath Beer see 1273

934 בֹּאר (bō(ʾ)r): n.masc.; ≡ Str 877; TWOT 194d—see 1014 2Sa 23:15, 16, 20+

935 בְּאֵר אֵילִים (beʾēr ʾê·lîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 879;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beer Elim: town of Moab (Isa 15:8+), note: possibly 932(1.)

936 בְּאֵר לַחַי רֹאִי (beʾēr lǎ·ḥǎy rō·ʾî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 883; TWOT 194b—LN 93-place (loc.) Beer Lahai Roi: site in the Negev (Ge 16:14; 24:62; 25:11+)

937 בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע (beʾēr šě·ḇǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 884; TWOT 194c—LN 93-place (loc.) Beersheba: town eventually assigned to Simeon, in the Negev, (Ge 21:14)

938 בְּאֵרָא (beʾē·rā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 878;—LN 93-pers. (male) Beera: of Asher (1Ch 7:37+)

939 בְּאֵרָה (beʾē·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 880;—LN 93-pers. (male) Beerah: of Reuben (1Ch 5:6+)

940 בְּאֵרוֹת (beʾē·rôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 881;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beeroth: town of Gibeon, later Benjamin, (Jos 9:17; 18:25; 2Sa 4:2; Ezr 2:25; Ne 7:29+), note: possibly a n.pr. in Dt 10:6, oth 931, note: possibly see also 932; see also 943

941 בְּאֵרִי (beʾē·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 882;—LN 93-pers. (male) Beeri: 1. a Hittite, father-in-law of Esau (Ge 26:34+) 2. father of Hosea (Hos 1:1+)

942 בְּאֵרֹת בְּנֵי־יַעֲקָן (beʾē·rōṯ benê-·yǎ·ʿǎqān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 885;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beeroth Bene Jaakan: place in the Sinai/Negev desert (Dt 10:6+), see also 1223, note: NIV translates as “wells of the Jaakanites.”

943 בְּאֵרֹתִי (beʾē·rō·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 886;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Beerothite: pertaining to Beeroth (2Sa 4:2, 3, 5, 9; 23:37+), see 940, 1409

בֹּאר (bō(ʾ)r) BDB: n.masc.—see 1014 (2Sa 23:15, 16, 20; Jer 2:13+)

בּאשׁ (bʾš) or באשׁ (bʾš): see 944

944 בָּאַשׁ (bā·ʾǎš): v.; ≡ Str 887; TWOT 195—1. LN 79.45–79.47 (qal) stink, smell, be odious, i.e., have a bad odor and so the object is loathsome and difficult to be around (Ex 7:18, 21; 8:10[EB 14]; 16:20; Isa 50:2+), note: usually by organic material decomposing or rotting, see also LN 23.205; (nif) become a stench (1Sa 13:4; 2Sa 10:6; 16:21+); (hif) make a stench, to cause a bad smell (Ge 34:30; Ex 5:21; 16:24; 1Sa 27:12; Ps 38:6[EB 5]; Ecc 10:1+); (hitp) make oneself a stench (1Ch 19:6+); 2. LN 88.149–88.151 (hif) bring shame, formally, cause a stink, i.e., to act. in a manner that is in defiance to a proper standard and is an embarrassment and disgraceful thing (Pr 13:5+)

945 בְּאֹשׁ (beʾōš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 889; TWOT 195a—LN 79.45–79.47 stench, i.e., a stink or bad odor (Isa 34:3; Joel 2:20; Am 4:10+)

946 בְּאֻשׁ (beʾǔš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 891; TWOT 195c—LN 65.20–65.29 (pl.) (NIV) bad grapes, grapes that are the opposite of good and palatable (Isa 5:2, 4+), note: three associative meanings to this “badness” with support 1. (Holladay, KB) sour, hard, unripe grapes 2. (BDB) rotten and so stinking grapes 3. (Lisowsky) a worthless, i.e., wild grape vine

947 בָּאְשָׁה (bāʾ·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 890; TWOT 195b—LN 3.30 weeds, darnel, cockle, i.e., a plant of no value (Job 31:40+), note: BDB translates “stinking weeds;” Holladay specifically identifies as Lolium tenulentum

בְּאֻשִׁים (beʾǔ·šîm): see 946

948 בַּאֲשֶׁר (bǎ·ʾǎšěr): pt. and c.—see 889 + 928

949 בָּבָה (bā·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 892; TWOT 196—1. LN 9.48 little child, i.e., a human child below age of full maturity (Zec 2:12[EB 8]+), note: this is according to Arabic etymology; 2. LN 8.23 unit: בָּבָה עַיִן (bā·ḇā(h) ʿǎ·yin)1 pupil of the eye, i.e., the center part of the eyeball, or the entire eyeball (Zec 2:12[EB 8]+), note: the English idiom “apple of the eye” is an appropriate equivalent because it adequately reflects the associative meanings of tenderness and preciousness

950 בֵּבַי (bē·ḇǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 893;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bebai: father of returnees of the captivity (Ezr 2:11; 8:11; 10:28; Ne 7:16; 10:16[EB 15]+)

בֵּבָי (bē·ḇāy): see 950

951 בָּבֶל (bā·ḇěl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 894; TWOT 197—LN 93-place (loc.) 1. Babel: tower (Ge 11:9+) 2. (land of) Babylonia : land in Shinar, of Chaldeans and/or Babylonians (Ge 10:10; Eze 12:13)

בָּבֶל (bā·ḇěl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 894; TWOT 197—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Babylonian: pertaining to a people of Babylon (2Ki 17:24), see also 9114

952 בַּג (bǎḡ): see 7329 a lexical unit with no meaning apart from the word bound to it (Eze 25:7 K+), note: for Q see 1020; (Da 1:5; 11:26+)

בּגד (bgd) or בגד (bgd): see 953

953 בָּגַד (bā·ḡǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 898; TWOT 198—1. LN 31.82–31.101 (qal) be unfaithful, be faithless, break faith, i.e., not trustworthy or reliable to a person or standard (1Sa 14:33); 2. LN 88.271–88.282 (qal) commit adultery, be unfaithful, i.e., have sex with partner that is not one’s married spouse (Jer 3:9), note: this refers to a spiritual unfaithfulness to other gods; 3. LN 37.111–37.113 (qal) betray, act. treacherously, i.e., to be faithless to a principle, person or group, often with a result of handing someone into control of another, with justification (Isa 21:2)

954 I. בֶּגֶד (bě·ḡěḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 899; TWOT 198a—1. LN 88.152–88.159 treachery, i.e., trickery or deceit (Isa 24:16+); 2. LN 88.12–88.23 faithlessness, i.e., not in accordance with a righteous standard (Jer 12:1+)

955 II. בֶּגֶד (bě·ḡěḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 899; TWOT 198a—1. LN 6.162 garment, apparel, i.e., any clothing of a general kind (Ge 24:53; 27:27), note: context will determine if a specific kind of clothing is in mind, of a widow (Ge 38:14), sacred garments (Ex 28:2), note: for MT text in 2Ch 20:25, see 7007; 2. LN 6.172 cloak, robe, i.e., a specific outer piece of clothing (2Ki 22:11); 3. LN 6.106–6.117 ornate cloth as a piece of furniture in the tabernacle (Nu 4:6–13 passim); 4. LN 6.152–6.187 bed sheet, i.e., a cover on a bed (1Sa 19:13)

956 בֹּגְדוֹת (bō·ḡeḏôṯ): adj. [see also 956.5]; ≡ Str 900; TWOT 198b—LN 88.152–88.159 treacherous, i.e., pertaining to deceit and trickery (Zep 3:4+), note: some parse as 956.5

בֹּגְדוֹת (bō·ḡeḏôṯ): n.[fem.] [served by 956]; ≡ Str 900; TWOT 198b—LN 88.152–88.159 treachery, i.e., a state or condition of deceit or trickery (Zep 3:4+), note: some parse as 956

957 בָּגוֹד (bā·ḡôḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 901; TWOT 198c—LN 31.101 unfaithful, pertaining to adultery, i.e., the figurative extension of religious immorality, with a strong implication of one’s actions being a lie (Jer 3:7, 10+)

958 בִּגְוַי (biḡ·wǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 902;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bigvai: 1. returnee from captivity (Ezr 2:2, 14; 8:14; Ne 7:7, 19+) 2. signer of covenant (Ne 10:17[EB 16]+)

959 בִּגְלַל (biḡ·lǎl): prep. [BDB n.(masc.)]—see 928 + 1673

960 בִּגְתָא (biḡ·ṯā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 903;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bigtha: eunuch official of King Xerxes (Est 1:10+)

961 בִּגְתָן (biḡ·ṯān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 904;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bigthana: officer of Persian King Xerxes (Est 2:21+), see also 962

962 בִּגְתָנָא (biḡ·ṯā·nā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 904;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bigthana: officer of Persian King Xerxes (Est 6:2+), see also 961

963 I. בַּד (bǎḏ): adv.; ≡ Str 905; TWOT 201a—1. LN 58.47–58.53 alone, by one’s self, apart, i.e., a marker of the only item of a class in a place (Ge 32:25); 2. LN 58.47–58.53 alone, only, i.e., the only entity in a class, with no focus on a place (Dt 8:3); 3. LN 59.72–59.76 besides, in addition to, apart from, i.e., pertaining to a state of something being in an addition to what already exists (Lev 9:17), see also domain LN 89.92–89.104

בַּד (bǎḏ): n.masc. [served by 963]; ≡ Str 905; TWOT 201a—1. LN 63.13–63.20 part, unit, i.e., an amount or unit of a quantity as a part or share of a whole (Ex 30:34; Job 18:13a+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 member, limb, i.e., a part of the body which is an extension from the trunk of the body (Job 18:13b+), note: possibly Job 41:4[EB 12], see 963, oth 966

964 II. בַּד (bǎḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 905; TWOT 201a—1. LN 6.52–6.53 pole, stave, carrying-pole, i.e., a relatively long and slim piece of wood (Ex 25:13, 14, 15, 27, 28; 27:6,7; 30:4, 5; 35:12, 13, 15, 16; 37:4, 5, 14, 15, 27, 28; 38:5, 6, 7; 39:35, 39; 40:20; Nu 4:6, 8, 11, 14; 1Ki 8:7, 8; 2Ch 5:8, 9+), note: usually in context a strong wood of significant diameter to transport heavy objects; 2. LN 6.14–6.22 bar, cross-bar, lock, i.e., a cross-piece of wood or metal across a gate or door which acts as a lock or barrier to entrance (Hos 11:6+); 3. LN 3.47–3.59 branch, i.e., an extension of a limb from the trunk or main body of a tree or larger shrub (Eze 17:6; 19:14+); 4. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: בַּד שְׁאוֹל (bǎḏ šeʾôl) Underworld, formally, bars of Sheol, i.e., the place where the dead reside as a figurative extension of the bars of a gate to Sheol (Job 17:16+); 5. LN 3.47–3.59 unit: מַטֶּה בַּד (mǎṭ·ṭě(h) bǎḏ)2 thick branch, formally, staff of a pole, i.e., one of the main thick branches of a tree (Eze 19:14+)

965 III. בַּד (bǎḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 906; TWOT 199—1. LN 6.158 linen, i.e., a kind of cloth, relatively rough flax cloth (Lev 6:3[EB 10]); 2. LN 6.152–6.187 linen garments, i.e., clothing made of relatively rough flax cloth (Eze 9:2)

966 IV. בַּד (bǎḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 907; TWOT 202a—LN 33.368–33.373 boasting, idle talk, i.e., confident, even prideful speech not warranted by actual facts (Job 11:3; Isa 16:6; Jer 48:30+), note: Job 41:4[EB 12], oth 963.5, see also 967

967 V. בַּד (bǎḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 907; TWOT 202a—LN 53.81 false prophet, i.e., one who acts in the name of a false god, possibly as an extension of one who speaks of things that do not come true, i.e., empty talk (Isa 44:25; Jer 50:36+), note: oth see 966

בָּד (bāḏ) BDB: see 963 or 965

בּדא (bdʾ) or בדא (bdʾ): see 968

968 בָּדָא (bā·ḏā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 908; TWOT 200—1. LN 30.86–30.107 (qal) unit: בָּדָא מִן לֵב ־ֹו (bā·ḏā(ʾ) min lēḇ ō-w) choose, formally, devise in his hearty, i.e., choose between several options (1Ki 12:33 K+); 2. LN 30.69 (qal) make up, invent a story, i.e., a kind of plan that is devised (Ne 6:8+)

בּדד (bdd) or בדד (bdd): see 969

969 בָּדַד (bā·ḏǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 909; TWOT 201—LN 58.51 (qal) be alone, be isolated, i.e., being unique in a class because you are the only one in it (Ps 102:8[EB 7]; Isa 14:31; Hos 8:9+), note: in each of these contexts is a spatial orientation, see also domain LN 83

970 בָּדָד (bā·ḏāḏ): adv. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 910; TWOT 201b—1. LN 58.51 alone, by itself, apart, i.e., pertaining to being unique in a class because you are the only one in a space (Lev 13:46; Nu 23:9; Dt 33:28; Jer 15:17; 49:31; Lam 3:28; Mic 7:14+), see also domain LN 83; 2. LN 58.47–58.53 alone, only, i.e., the only entity in a class, with no focus on a place (Dt 32:12; Ps 4:9[EB 8]+); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 desolate, uninhabited, formally, alone, i.e., pertaining to being abandoned and not having inhabitants, as a figurative extension of being isolated (Isa 27:10; La 1:1+)

971 בְּדַד (beḏǎḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 911;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bedad: father of a king of Moab (Ge 36:35; 1Ch 1:46+)

972 בְּדֵי (beḏê): ; ≡ Str 1767; TWOT 425—see 928 + 1896

973 בֵּדְיָה (bē·ḏeyā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 912;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bedeiah: divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:35+)

974 בְּדִיל (beḏîl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 913; TWOT 203c—1. LN 2.49–2.62 tin, i.e., a precious metal (Nu 31:22; Eze 22:18, 20+); 2. LN 6.68–6.82 tin, as a monetary medium for exchange or barter (Eze 27:12+); 3. LN 6.213–6.214 unit: אֶֶן הַ־ בְּדִיל (ʾěn hǎ- beḏîl) plummet, and by extension the entire plumb and line, formally, a stone of tin, i.e., a tool for construction (Zec 4:10+), note: some sources question what the meaning is in this verse

975 בָּדִיל (bā·ḏîl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 913; TWOT 203c—LN 2.49–2.62 dross, impurities, i.e., what is separated and worthless in metal before the dross process is removed in liquid metal (Isa 1:25+)

בּדל (bdl) or בדל (bdl): see 976

976 בָּדַל (bā·ḏǎl): v.; ≡ Str 914; TWOT 203—1. LN 15.34–15.74 (nif) separate oneself, leave, i.e., make linear motion away from a space (Nu 16:21+); (hif) dismiss, i.e., cause another to leave an area (2Ch 25:10); 2. LN 34.22–34.30 (nif) defect, abandon an association, i.e., leave a space, with a focus that the new place occupied brings with it the loyalty of the one who defected (1Ch 12:9+); 3. LN 15.34–15.74 (nif) be expelled, i.e., leave an area under threat of harm (Ezr 10:8+); (hif) exclude, i.e., cause one to be disassociated (Ne 13:3; Isa 59:2); 4. LN 30.86–30.107 (nif) be selected, chosen, formally, separate, i.e., be chosen or set apart, usually for a job or function, as an extension of moving a person from one place to another particular place (1Ch 23:13; Ezr 10:16+); (hif) set apart (Lev 20:24); 5. LN 34.22–34.30 (nif) separate oneself, i.e., abandon an association of a foreign culture, but with no focus that the association was proper in the first place (Ezr 6:21; 9:1; 10:11; Ne 9:2; 10:29+); (hif) cause to separate (Nu 16:9); 6. LN 63.13–63.20 (hif) separate, divide, i.e., move an object or state from one to another, with a result that distinction can occur, and so place into parts (Ex 26:33); 7. LN 30.108–30.122 (hif) distinguish, differentiate, evaluate, i.e., to make a judgment that there is a difference between two or more objects or states (Lev 10:10); 8. LN 19.14–19.26 (hif) sever, cleave, dismember, detach, i.e., cut an object into two or more parts (Lev 1:17; Lev 5:8)

977 בָּדָל (bā·ḏāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 915; TWOT 203a—LN 8.9 member, i.e., a piece of a body part (Am 3:12+), note: in context a piece of an ear, torn off in violence

978 בְּדֹלַח (beḏō·lǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 916; TWOT 203d—LN 6.205–6.212 (most versions) bdellium-gum, i.e., an aromatic, transparent, yellowish resin from a tree of the S Arabian peninsula (Ge 2:12; Nu 11:7+), note: the LXX sees this as a kind of precious stone, a crystal or a dark red stone

979 בְּדָן (beḏān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 917;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bedan: 1. of Manasseh (1Ch 7:17+) 2. a judge in Israel (1Sa 12:11+), note: for NIV text in 1Sa 12:11, see 1399

בּדק (bdq) or בדק (bdq): see 980

980 בָּדַק (bā·ḏǎq): v.; ≡ Str 918; TWOT 204—LN 75 (qal inf. cs.) repair, mend, i.e., fix something in disrepair, strongly implying a renewed adequateness (2Ch 34:10+)

981 בֶּדֶק (bě·ḏěq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 919; TWOT 204a—1. LN 19.27–19.33 breach, chink, crack, i.e., a damaged area of a temple or a ship (2Ki 12:6[EB 5],7[EB 6],8[EB 7],9[EB 8],13[EB 12]; 22:5+), note: though the ety. may limit the type of damage to a “split or tear,” the nature of the kinds of damage may be broader; 2. LN 6.41–6.51 seam of a boat, i.e., an area of a ship which will leak when neglected or hit (Eze 27:9, 27+); 3. LN 54 unit: חָזַק בֶּדֶק (ḥā·zǎq bě·ḏěq) shipwright, i.e., a repairer of boats and ships (Eze 27:27+)

982 בִּדְקַר (biḏ·qǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 920;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bidkar: military aide of Jehu (2Ki 9:25+)

983 בֹּהוּ (bō·hû): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 922; TWOT 205a—1. LN 14 emptiness, the void, i.e., an emptiness that shows lack of order (Ge 1:2; Jer 4:23+), note: some interp this as a void from a prior creation, see WBC1:5; 2. LN 14 unit: תֹּהו וְ־ בֹּהוּ (tōhw w- bō·hû) total chaos, i.e., a physical state of total lack of order (Ge 1:2; Jer 4:23+), note: some give the associative meaning of this chaos as a contest of deities, see WBC1 for discussion; 3. LN 20.31–20.60 unit: אֶבֶן בֹּהוּ (ʾě·ḇěn bō·hû) plumb line of desolation, i.e., a figurative and ironic meaning of destruction (Isa 34:11+), note: the irony is, of course, that a plummet line is normally used for construction not destruction and the chaos that is associated with destruction

984 בְּהוֹן (behôn): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 931; TWOT 209a—LN 8.9–8.69 digit, i.e., the fingers and toes on the extremities of the body’s limbs (Jdg 1:6, 7+)

985 בַּהַט (bǎ·hǎṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 923; TWOT 206—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone variously interp: (BDB, NIV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, NAB, NJB) (purple) porphyry; (NEB, REB) (green) malachite (Est 1:6+), note: the LXX suggests a greenish stone, note: KB, Holladay unidentified stone

986 בָּהִיר (bā·hîr): adj.; ≡ Str 925; TWOT 211b—1. LN 14.36–14.52 (BDB, most versions) brilliant, bright, i.e., pertaining to a very bright light (Job 37:21+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 14.53–14.62 (KB, Holladay, NJB, NEB, REB, NAB) dusky, darkened, i.e., pertaining to an overcast sunlight, covered by clouds (Job 37:21+), note: apparently the differences between “light” and “dark” in the meanings is driven by different ety. appeals. The waw after שַׁחַק (šǎ·ḥǎq) if interpreted as “after” then would favor “bright,” if the same waw is translated as “then” a different movement is pictured and “overcast” is the better contextual meaning; the editor believes the reading of the larger context favors “overcast” as the meaning

בּהל (bhl) or בהל (bhl): see 987

987 בָּהַל (bā·hǎl): v.; ≡ Str 926; TWOT 207—1. LN 25.251–25.269 (nif) be terrified, alarmed, i.e., pertaining to being in a state of great fear, even causing trembling (Ge 45:3); (piel) make afraid, terrify (2Ch 32:18); (hif) cause to terrify (Job 23:16+); 2. LN 25.288–25.296 (nif) be dismayed, i.e., be in a state of anguish, and despondency (Job 4:5; Ps 6:4[EB 3], 11[EB 10]; 30:8[EB 7]; 83:18[EB 17]+); 3. LN 30.1–30.38 (nif) bewildered, i.e., be in a state in which one cannot think clearly since one is overwhelmed by a situation (Isa 21:3+); 4. LN 24.77–24.94 (nif) be in agony, i.e., be in physical pain (Ps 6:3[EB 2]+); 5. LN 25.68–25.79 (nif) be eager, i.e., engage in an activity with zeal and intensity, so showing commitment or devotion (Pr 28:22+); 6. LN 27.1–27.26 (piel) alarm, alert, i.e., learn information and so respond (Da 11:44+); 7. LN 68.79–68.82 (nif) be in a hurry, i.e., do something in swift manner, with an implication of associated energy (Ecc 8:3); (piel) make haste, hurry (2Ch 35:21); (pual) be hastened, made to hurry, race along (Est 8:14+); (hif) cause to hurry (2Ch 26:20; Est 6:14+); 8. LN 68.79–68.82 (nif) be sudden, i.e., have a relatively brief amount of time pass. (Zep 1:18); (piel) be immediate (Est 2:9); (pual) be sudden (Pr 20:21+), note: Pr 20:21 K, see 1042; Ezr 4:4 K, see 1164

988 בֶּהָלָה (bě·hā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 928; TWOT 207a—LN 25.251–25.269 terror, fear, with a focus on the swiftness and suddenness of the fright (Lev 26:16; Ps 78:33; Isa 65:23; Jer 15:8+)

989 בְּהֵמָה (behē·mā(h)): n.fem.(usually coll.); ≡ Str 929; TWOT 208a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 beast, animal, i.e., a class of living being (not flying, creeping, or swarming) that is not human (Ge 6:7; Ex 8:13); 2. LN 4.1–4.37 domestic animal, livestock, herds, cattle (Ge 47:18), cf. also 990; 3. LN 4.1–4.37 wild animal (Mic 5:7; Dt 28:26; Isa 18:6)

990 בְּהֵמוֹת (behē·môṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 930; TWOT 208b—LN 4.1–4.37 (most versions) behemoth, i.e., a very large, strong grass eater: (NAB ftn) hippopotamus, or (NEB?, REB?) crocodile (Job 40:15+), (NJB ftn) elephant, or (RSV, NRSV, NJB) Behemoth, capitalized, possibly implying a special class of animal, possibly fictional monster, cf. also 989; note: Ps 73:22 is translated as a singular in the NIV, hence the L.F. would be here as well

991 בֹּהֶן (bō·hěn): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 931; TWOT 209a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 thumb, i.e., part of the hand (Ex 29:20a; Lev 8:23a, 24a; 14:14a, 17a, 25a, 28a); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 big toe, i.e., a part of the foot (Ex 29:20b; Lev 8:23b, 24b; 14:14b, 17b, 25b, 28b)

992 בֹּהַן (bō·hǎn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 932;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bohan: 1. son of Reuben (Jos 15:6; 18:17+), 2. note: for (loc.) Stone of Bohan (Jos 15:6; 18:17+), see also 74.5

993 בֹּהַק (bō·hǎq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 933; TWOT 210a—LN 23.142–23.184 skin rash, i.e., an eruption of the skin which does not lead to pronouncement of uncleanness, so considered harmless (Lev 13:39+)

994 בַּהֶרֶת (bǎ·hě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 934; TWOT 211a—LN 23.142–23.184 spot, blotch, i.e., a readily observable, potentially infectious eruption on the skin (Lev 13:2–39 passim; 14:56+), note: Holladay translates, “white patch of skin.”

בּוא (bwʾ) or בוא (bwʾ): see 995

995 בּוֹא (bô(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 935; TWOT 212—1. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) come/go, i.e., make linear movement of a general kind (Ge 20:13), note: often another Hebrew word in context will make clear a direction, goal, or source of this movement; 2. LN 15.81–15.87 (qal) arrive, come, i.e., make linear movement to a particular reference point (Ne 2:7); 3. LN 34.1–34.21 (qal) be included, i.e., be in an association with others in a limited group (2Sa 23:19); 4. LN 15.88–15.92 (qal) return, i.e., come back to a prior point from which one previously departed (1Ki 22:27); 5. LN 15.158–15.159 (qal) pursue, i.e., follow after in haste and intensity (Ex 14:17); 6. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) happens, formally, come, i.e., have an event or state happen (Ps 44:18[EB 17]; Pr 18:3); 7. LN 15.187–15.211 (hif) bear, carry, i.e., transport an object from one place to another (Lev 4:5); 8. LN 15.165–15.186 (hif) bring, take, i.e., guide or direct an object to a place (Ge 6:19); (hof) be brought (Ge 33:11); 9. LN 43 (hif) harvest, formally, bring, i.e., gather crops from the field (2Sa 9:10); 10. LN 13.104–13.163 (hif) cause to happen, bring to pass., i.e., make an event happen (Isa 37:26); 11. LN 27.1–27.26 (hif) apply, formally, bring, i.e., learn information and correlate to other ideas or facts, with a possible focus on energy and diligence (Pr 23:12); 12. LN 85.32–85.54 (hof) put, place, i.e., set an object in a particular location (Lev 11:32); 13. LN 15.113 unit: בּוֹא חֶרֶס (bô(ʾ) ḥě·rěs)2 sunset, i.e., motion of sun going down (Jdg 14:18); 14. LN 20.31–20.60 unit: בּוֹא שֶׁבֶר (bô(ʾ) šě·ḇěr)1 collapse, formally, go into destruction or crushing, i.e., have a high solid object fall into a heap of rubble (Isa 30:13+), see also domain LN 15.118–15.122; 15. LN 20.12–20.30 unit: בּוֹא בְּ־ (bô(ʾ) b-) wound, pierce, formally, go in, i.e., have a cut or pieced spot on the body which needs healing (2Ki 18:21); 16. LN 34.1–34.21 unit: בּוֹא בְּ־ (bô(ʾ) b-) associate, formally, go with, i.e., be in affiliation with another, or a group (Jos 23:7); 17. LN 23.61–23.65 unit: בּוֹא אֶל (bô(ʾ) ʾěl) have sexual relations, sleep with, formally, go into, i.e., have sexual intercourse (Ge 16:2); 18. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: בּוֹא מִן (bô(ʾ) min) be descended from, formally, come from, i.e., have a particular geological lineage (1Ch 2:55), note: there are possibly more domains of meaning in this lexeme

בּוז (bwz) or בוז (bwz): see 996

996 I. בּוּז (bûz): v.; ≡ Str 936; TWOT 213—LN 88.192–88.197 (qal) despise, scorn, deride, i.e., have contempt for another, which may manifest itself as an act., but only possibly a verbal remark (2Ki 19:21; Pr 6:30; 11:12; 13:13; 14:21; 23:9, 22; 30:17; SS 8:1, 7; Isa 37:22; Zec 4:10+)

997 II. בּוּז (bûz): n.masc.; ≡ Str 937; TWOT 213a—LN 88.192–88.197 contempt, disrespect, with a possibly implication of a verbal mocking, though action seems to be more the focus (Ge 38:23; Job 12:5, 21; 31:34; Ps 31:19[EB 18]; 107:40; 119:22; 123:3, 4; Pr 12:8; 18:3+)

998 III. בּוּז (bûz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 938;—LN 93-pers. (male) Buz: 1. nephew of Abraham (Ge 22:21+) 2. of Dan (1Ch 5:14+), see also 998.5

בּוּז (bûz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 938;—LN 93-place (loc.) a place, possibly in the desert E of Palestine (Jer 25:23+), see 1000; see also 998

בּוֹזֶה (bô·zě(h)): see 996 or 1023.5

999 בּוּזָה (bû·zā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 939; TWOT 213b—LN 88.192–88.197 contempt, i.e., a disrespect with an implication of verbal mockery (Ne 3:36[EB 4:4]+)

1000 I. בּוּזִי (bû·zî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 940;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Buzite: pertaining to a place called Buz (Job 32:2, 6+), see also 998.5

1001 II. בּוּזִי (bû·zî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 941;—LN 93-pers. (male) Buzi: father of Ezekiel (Eze 1:3+)

1002 בַּוַּי (bǎw·wǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 942;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bavvai: wall builder (Ne 3:18+), note: for NIV text, see 1218(2.)

בּוךְ (bwk) or בוךְ (bwk): see 1003

1003 בּוּךְ (bûḵ): v.; ≡ Str 943; TWOT 214—1. LN 15.18–15.26 (nif) wander around, mill about, i.e., linear movement that seems to have no destination, with a strong implication of a confused or unplanned movement (Ex 14:3; Joel 1:18+); 2. LN 32.1–32.10 (nif) be bewildered, i.e., to be not understanding or have a comprehension of a course or plan, with an implication of not agreeing with the plan (Est 3:15+)

1004 I. בּוּל (bûl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 945; TWOT 215—LN 67.163–67.200 (month of calendar) Bul: the 8th month of the Canaanite calendar, equal to Babylonian Tishri, now known as October-November (1Ki 6:38+)

1005 II. בּוּל (bûl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 944; TWOT 835d—1. LN 3.47–3.59 outgrowth, i.e., the non-fruit part of a tree (Isa 44:19+); 2. LN 6.96–6.101 unit: בּוּל עֵץ (bûl ʿēṣ) block of wood, formally, produce of the tree, i.e., a fashioned piece of wood as an idol (Isa 44:19+), note: Job 40:20 oth as 1006

1006 III. בּוּל (bûl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 944; TWOT 835d—1. LN 3.33–3.46 produce, yield, i.e., what is produced from fruit bearing plants (Job 40:20+) note: oth as 1005, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 4.1–4.37 offspring, i.e., the yield of an animal (Job 40:20+); 3. LN 57.178–57.185 tribute, i.e., a figurative extension of the produce of the land being given to a greater power (Job 40:20+), note: the first entry fits the context the best

1007 בּוּנָה (bû·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 946;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bunah: of Judah (1Ch 2:25+)

בּוּנִּי (bûn·nî) BDB: see 1221

בּוס (bws) or בוס (bws): see 1008

1008 בּוּס (bûs): v.; ≡ Str 947; TWOT 216—1. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) trample down, i.e., make a downward pressure on an object, implying dominance over that object (Ps 44:6[EB 5]; 60:14[EB 12]; 108:14[EB 13]; Isa 14:25; 63:6; Zec 10:5+); (polel) trample down (Isa 63:18; Jer 12:10+); (hof) be trodden down (Isa 14:19+), note: in some contexts this can refer to military dominance and destruction over an enemy; 2. LN 25.1–25.11 (qal) loathe, have no desire, formally, trample, i.e., have no desire for an object as a figurative extension walking on or over an object, not needing or wishing to engage it (Pr 27:7+); 3. LN 16 (hitpolel) kick about, i.e., make more or less random movement of the legs kicking either while the body is suspended in air, or when lying on the back (Eze 16:6, 22+)

1009 בּוּץ (bûṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 948; TWOT 219—LN 6.166 byssus, i.e., a fine, white cloth, likely linen (1Ch 4:21; 15:27; 2Ch 2:13[EB 14]; 3:14; 5:12; Est 1:6; 8:15; Eze 27:16+)

1010 בּוֹצֵץ (bô·ṣēṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 949;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bozez: steep cliff, a landmark near Michmash (1Sa 14:4+), see also 6175

1011 בּוּקָה (bû·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 950; TWOT 220a—LN 57.232–57.248 emptiness, void, waste, i.e., the result of the act. of theft that pillages and strips a city bare (Na 2:11[EB 10]+)

1012 בּוֹקֵר (bô·qēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 951; TWOT 274b—LN 44 sheepherder, herdsman of sheep, i.e., one who cares for animals that wander and graze in open pastures (Am 7:14+), note: though etymological inclinations try to connect to larger mammal herds, in context flocks of small mammals, i.e., sheep and/or goats.

בַּוִר (bǎ·wir) Holladay: see 1071 (Jer 6:7 K)

1013 בּוּר (bûr): v.; ≡ Str 952; TWOT 221—LN 30.75–30.85 (qal) conclude, i.e., to come to a decision about a matter, with a possibly implication that a matter is now clear and understood (Ecc 9:1+) see also 1405

1014 בּוֹר (bôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 953; TWOT 194e—1. LN 1.69–1.78 cistern, i.e., a shaft in the ground (plastered and so holding water), bottle-shaped with a narrow top (with a stone cap), hewn out of generally soft stone, which collects water and holds it (Ge 37:20–29 passim); 2. LN 1.59 prison, dungeon, i.e., a pit in the ground for prisoners (Ge 40:15; 41:14; Ex 12:29; Isa 24:22), note: cf. also domain LN 7.24; 3. LN 1.51–1.59 pit, i.e., a hole or depression in the earth made by a human digging (Ex 21:33); 4. LN 1.69–1.78 well, i.e., a human made shaft in the ground, which contains underground water (2Sa 23:15, 16; 2Ki 10:14), see also 931; 5. LN 23.88–23.128 death, i.e., the figurative extension of a pit as a place of corruption (Ps 28:1; Pr 28:17); 6. LN 1.51–1.59 unit: מַקֶּבֶת בּוֹר (mǎq·qě·ḇěṯ bôr) rock quarry, i.e., a man-made depression to extract building stones (Isa 51:1)

1015 בּוֹר הַסִּרָה (bôr hǎs·si·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5626, 953;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bor Hassirah: an unknown place (2Sa 3:26+) note: most versions בּוֹר (bôr) translates as “the well (or cistern, storage-well, pool) of Sirah,” see also 6241

1016 בּוֹר־עָשָׁן (bôr-·ʿā·šān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6228, 953;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bor Ashan: place S of Judah (1Sa 30:30+), note: see BHS ftn; for v.r., see also 3930

בּושׁ (bwš) or בושׁ (bwš): see 1017

1017 I. בּוֹשׁ (bôš): v.; ≡ Str 954; TWOT 222—LN 25.189–25.202 (qal) be ashamed, i.e., to have a painful feeling and emotional distress (sometimes to the point of despair), by having done something wrong, with an associative meaning of having the disapproval of those around them (Jdg 3:25; Jer 14:4), note: this wrong can refer to a social mistake, or a serious sin; (hif) humiliate, bring shame, cause disgrace, with an associative meaning of causing frustration, and loss of hope to the object one is shaming (2Sa 19:6); (hitpolal) to feel ashamed (Ge 2:25+), note: for NIV text in Ps 37:19; Hos 13:15, see 3312

1018 II. בּוֹשׁ (bôš): v.; ≡ Str 954; TWOT 222—LN 67.118–67.135 (polel) be delayed, be long, i.e., extend a period of time, implying more than an appropriate amount of time has gone by (Ex 32:1; Jdg 5:28+), note: some also parse Ezr 8:22 qal here also

1019 בּוּשָׁה (bû·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 955; TWOT 222a—LN 87.58–87.75 shame, i.e., the state of disgrace and low status (Ps 89:46[EB 45]; Eze 7:18; Ob 10; Mic 7:10+)

1020 בַּז (bǎz): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 957; TWOT 225a—LN 57.232–57.248 plunder, spoil, loot, i.e., what is stolen or robbed (items, animals, or persons) especially in a military conflict (Nu 31:32)

בּזא (bzʾ) or בזא (bzʾ): see 1021

1021 בָּזָא (bā·zā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 958; TWOT 223—1. LN 19.27–19.33 (most versions) (qal) divide, i.e., cut something into two or more parts (Isa 18:2, 7+), note: the editor has a slight preference for this meaning, but for another interp, see next; 2. LN 19.55 (KB, Holladay, NEB, REB, NAB) wash away, scour, i.e., to dig into the earth by means of streams of water, wadis and ruts (Isa 18:2, 7+), note: the differences in semantic domain in the sources is based on differing ety. arguments

בּזה (bzh) or בזה (bzh): see 1022

1022 בָּזָה (bā·zā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5240, 959, 960; TWOT 224—LN 88.192–88.197 (qal) despise, show contempt for, think lightly, i.e., pertaining to feeling of contempt for an object, because it is regarded to be bad, or of little value, often with behaviors toward the object (including speaking scorn and ridicule) which correspond to that contempt (Ge 25:34); (qal pass.) be despised (Ps 22:7); (nif) be despised, be contemptible (1Sa 15:9); (hif) cause to despise (Est 1:17+)

1023 בִּזָּה (biz·zā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 961; TWOT 225—LN 57.232–57.248 plunder, pillage, booty, i.e., what is stolen or robbed in a military conflict as the spoils of war, usually from the civilian population (2Ch 14:13[EB 14]; 25:13; 28:14; Ezr 9:7; Ne 3:36[EB 4:4]; Est 9:10, 15, 16; Da 11:24, 33+)

בֹּזֶה (bō·zě(h)): n.masc. [qal act.ptcp.masc. of 1022]; ≡ Str 961; TWOT 225—LN 88.192–88.197 despiser, i.e., one who has contempt for another, which may manifest itself as an act. or verbal remark (1Sa 2:30+)

בּזז (bzz) or בזז (bzz): see 1024

1024 בָּזַז (bā·zǎz): v.; ≡ Str 962; TWOT 225—LN 57.232–57.248 (qal) plunder, loot, carry off spoils, i.e., carry off goods from a conquered people by force, after a battle (Ge 34:27); (qal pass.) be plundered (Isa 42:22); (nif) be plundered (Am 3:11); (pual) be plundered (Jer 50:37+), note: some parse as qal pass.

1025 בִּזָּיוֹן (biz·zāy·wōn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 963; TWOT 224a—LN 88.126–88.134 disrespect, contempt, i.e., to treat badly with insolence (Est 1:18+)

1026 בִּזְיוֹתְיָה (biz·yô·ṯeyā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 964;—LN 93-place (loc.) (most versions) Biziothiah: town of S Judah (Jos 15:28+), note: (BDB, KB, Holladay, LXX, NEB, REB, NJB, BHS ftn) emend text, translate as “and her surrounding villages,” and so not a n.pr.

1027 בָּזָק (bā·zāq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 965; TWOT 226a—LN 14.15–14.16 flashes of lightning, with a focus on the speed it travels (Eze 1:14+)

1028 בֶּזֶק (bě·zěq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 966;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bezek: town in Manasseh (Jdg 1:4, 5; 1Sa 11:8+); also part of a compound name, Adoni-Bezek, see 152

בּזר (bzr) or בזר (bzr): see 1029

1029 בָּזַר (bā·zǎr): v.; ≡ Str 967; TWOT 227—1. LN 57.71–57.124 (qal) distribute, i.e., to give something out, implying in an orderly manner (Da 11:24+); 2. LN 15.135–15.140 (piel) scatter, disperse, fling about, i.e., strew about items as a figurative extension for destruction or loss of power (Ps 68:31[EB 30]+)

1030 בִּזְּתָא (biz·zeṯā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 968;—LN 93-pers. (male) Biztha: eunuch official of King Xerxes (Est 1:10+)

1031 בָּחוֹן (bā·ḥôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 969; TWOT 230d—1. LN 2.29–2.48 assayer, i.e., one who tests metals for value and purity according to a standard (Jer 6:27+); 2. LN 56.20–56.34 judge, i.e., a figurative extension of a metals tester, capable of discerning moral worth or purity of people (Jer 6:27+)

1032 בַּחוּן (bǎ·ḥûn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 971; TWOT 230c—LN 6.29–6.40 siege tower, i.e., tall, somewhat moveable, offensive weapon of warfare to attack the top of an ancient city wall (Isa 23:13 Q+), note: though some sources translate “watch-tower,” an offensive and not defensive weapon is expounded in the context, see also 1044

1033 I. בָּחוּר (bā·ḥûr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 970; TWOT 231a—1. LN 9.24–9.33 young man, an adult human male youth as a class of persons, at an age of maximum strength and some kinds of ability (Dt 32:25; 1Sa 9:2; Ps 148:12; Jer 9:20[EB 21]; Joel 3:1[EB 2:28]), note: for NIV text in 1Sa 8:16, see 1330; 2. LN 55.14–55.22 a soldier, i.e., an able fighting man, often with a focus on the strength and ability of the male soldier (2Ch 11:1); 3. LN 10.53–10.61 bridegroom, i.e., a male who marries a female (Jdg 14:10; Isa 62:5)

1034 II. בָּחוּר (bā·ḥûr): adj. [oth qal ptcp.pass. of 1047]; ≡ Str 977; TWOT 231—LN 65.20–65.29 best, finest, choice, i.e., pertaining to that which is the best of a class or kind (Ex 14:7; Jdg 20:15, 16, 34; 1Sa 24:3[EB 2]; 26:2; 2Sa 6:1; 10:9; 1Ch 19:10; SS 5:15; Jer 49:19; 50:44+), note: for 1Ki 12:21; 2Ch 13:3, 3, 17; 25:5; Ps 89:20[EB 19]+, see 1033

1035 בְּחוּרוֹת (beḥû·rôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 979; TWOT 231b—LN 67.154 period of youth, i.e., a time or age in one’s life, not a definite period of time (Ecc 11:9; 12:1+), see also 1036

1036 בְּחוּרִים (beḥû·rîm): n.masc.pl. [BDB: n.fem.abstract pl.]; ≡ Str 980;—LN 67.154 period of youth, i.e., a time or age in one’s life, not a definite period of time (Nu 11:28+), see also 1035

1037 I. בַּחוּרִים (bǎ·ḥû·rîm): n.masc.pl.—see 1033

1038 II. בַּחוּרִים (bǎ·ḥû·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 980;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bahurim: currently unknown town between Jerusalem and Jericho (2Sa 3:16; 16:5; 17:18; 19:17[EB 16]; 1Ki 2:8+), note: for gentilic, see 1049, 1372

1039 בַּחִין (bǎ·ḥîn): n.masc.—see 1032 (Isa 23:13 K+)

בחיניו (bḥynyw) BDB: see 1032 (Isa 23:13+)

1040 בָּחִיר (bā·ḥîr): n.masc. [oth adj.]; ≡ Str 972; TWOT 231c—LN 30.86–30.107 chosen one, one preferred or selected, with the implication of the favor of a special relationship based in affection (2Sa 21:6; 1Ch 16:13; Ps 89:4[EB 3]; 105:6, 43; 106:5, 23; Isa 42:1; 43:20; 45:4; 65:9, 15, 22+) note: though choice between two items may in some contexts be in mind, relationship appears to be the focus; see also domain LN 25.45

בּחל (bḥl) or בחל (bḥl): see 1041

1041 I. בָּחַל (bā·ḥǎl): v.; ≡ Str 973; TWOT 229—LN 88.171–88.191 (qal) detest, disdain, i.e., become tired of someone so that one feels a loathing or disgust, implying anger or indignation (Zec 11:8+)

1042 II. בָּחַל (bā·ḥǎl): v.; ≡ Str 973; TWOT 229—LN 57.55–57.70 (pual ptcp.) (BDB) be gotten by greed, obtain something by actions motivated by greed (Pr 20:21 K+), note: all versions and LXX surveyed by editor apparently translate the Q (“hurry” domain), see 987; note: the context may allow for this meaning, but the weight of evidence favors the Q

בָּחֵל (bā·ḥēl)[1] BDB: see 1041

בָּחֵל (bā·ḥēl)[2] BDB: see 1042

בּחן (bḥn) or בחן (bḥn): see 1043

1043 בָּחַן (bā·ḥǎn): v.; ≡ Str 974; TWOT 230—LN 27.34–27.47 (qal) test, try, probe, examine, assay, i.e., to try and learn the genuineness of an object by examination, and observing reaction to a standard (1Ch 29:17; Job 7:18; 12:11; 23:10; 34:3; Ps 7:10[EB 9]; 11:4, 5; 17:3; 26:2; 66:10; 81:8[EB 7]; 95:9; 139:23; Pr 17:3; Jer 6:27; 9:6[EB 7]; 11:20; 12:3; 17:10; 20:12; Zec 13:9; Mal 3:10, 15+); (nif) be tested (Ge 42:15, 16; Job 34:36+); (pual) be tested (Eze 21:18[EB 13]+), note: for pual pf. as n.masc., see 1045; note: some parse as qal pass.

1044 בַּחַן (bǎ·ḥǎn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 975; TWOT 230b—LN 7.2–7.25 watchtower, i.e., a tall building for defensive warfare, often located on a city wall, this in context may be a part of another building or possibly an independent standing building (Isa 32:14+), see also 1032, note: see also domain LN 7.26–7.53

1045 I. בֹּחַן (bō·ḥǎn): v.—LN 88.289–88.318 (pual) testing, trial, examination, apparently with the motivation of ascribing guilt (Eze 21:18[EB 13]+), note: BHS ftn, Tanakh ftn, and WBC29:20 considers the phrase here as possibly a textual corruption, q.v.

1046 II. בֹּחַן (bō·ḥǎn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 976; TWOT 230a—1. LN 27.34–27.47 something examined, i.e., something tested and found to conform to an acceptable standard (Isa 28:16+), see also next; 2. LN 7.77–7.79 unit: אֶבֶן בֹּחַן (ʾě·ḇěn bō·ḥǎn)2 something tested, i.e., a very valuable stone basic to a building foundation (Isa 28:16+), note: NEB, NJB “granite” cf. Holladay “schist gneiss;” note: Tanakh ftn as Heb uncertain meaning; note: KB possibly “touchstone” for gold assaying, not contextually warranted

בּחר (bḥr)[1] or I. בחר (bḥr): see 1047

בּחר (bḥr)[2] or II. בחר (bḥr): see 1048

1047 I. בָּחַר (bā·ḥǎr): v.; ≡ Str 977; TWOT 231—1. LN 30.86–30.107 (qal) choose, select, desire, prefer, i.e., make a selection between two or more options (Ge 6:2); (nif) preferred, chosen, i.e., pertaining to a preference between two or more options (Jer 8:3+); 2. LN 30.86–30.107 (qal) choose, select, desire, prefer, i.e., choose for the purpose of showing special concern for (Dt 7:6); 3. LN 27.34–27.47 (qal) test try, probe, examine, assay, i.e., to try and learn the genuineness of an object by examination, and observing reaction to a standard (Isa 48:10), note: others sources translate “choose.”; 4. LN 65.20–65.29 (nif) choice, best, i.e., pertaining to what is the best of a kind or class, implying desirability and acceptance of the object (Pr 8:10, 19; 10:20; 16:16; 21:3; 22:1; Ecc 9:4 v.r.+), note: 2Ch 34:6 v.r., for text, BHS ftn; note: qal pass., see 1034

1048 II. בָּחַר (bā·ḥǎr): v.; ≡ Str 977; TWOT 231—LN 34.42–34.49 (qal) enter into a covenant (1Sa 20:30+), note: NIV text, see 1047; (pual) be joined (Ecc 9:4 K+), note: for NIV Q, see 2489

1049 בַּחֲרוּמִי (bǎ·ḥǎrû·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 978;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Baharumite: pertaining to one of Bahurim (1Ch 11:33+), see also 1038, 1372, note: for textual resolutions, see BHS ftn; for cj see 1050

בַּחֻרִים (bǎ·ḥǔ·rîm) BDB: see 1038

1050 בַּחֻרִמִי (bǎ·ḥǔ·ri·mî): n.pr.—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Bahurimite: pertaining to Bahurim (2Sa 23:31 cj; 1Ch 11:33 cj), note: for MT text, see 1372 and 1049

בּטא (bṭʾ) or בטא (bṭʾ): see 1051

1051 בָּטָא (bā·ṭā(ʾ)): v. [see also 1051.5]; ≡ Str 981; TWOT 232—LN 33.374–33.381 speak thoughtlessly, speak rashly, i.e., to use words in a reckless manner showing little or no wisdom or discipline, as a kind of foolish talk (qal ptcp.) (Pr 12:18+); (piel) (Lev 5:4; Ps 106:33+)

בּטה (bṭh) or בטה (bṭh): see 1051

בָּטָה (bā·ṭā(h)): v. [served by 1051]—see 1051 Pr 12:18+

1052 בָּטוּחַ (bā·ṭûaḥ): adj. [BDB: qal ptcp.pass.masc. of 1053]; ≡ Str 982; TWOT 233—LN 31.82–31.101 confident, trusting, i.e., pertaining to placing reliance or belief in a person or object (Ps 112:7; Isa 26:3+)

בּטח (bṭḥ)[1] or I. בטח (bṭḥ): see 1053

בּטח (bṭḥ)[2] or II. בטח (bṭḥ): see 1054

1053 I. בָּטַח (bā·ṭǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 982; TWOT 233—LN 31.82–31.101 (qal) trust, rely on, put confidence in, i.e., believe in a person or object to the point of reliance upon (2Ki 18:5); (hif) lead to believe, make trust (2Ki 18:30; Ps 22:10[EB 9]; Isa 36:15; Jer 28:15; 29:31+), note: (qal pass.) (Ps 112:7; Isa 26:3+), see 1052

1054 II. בָּטַח (bā·ṭǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 982; TWOT 233—LN 15.224–15.229 (qal) stumble, fall, trip, i.e., take a misstep and so then either stay in a vertical stance but out of bodily control, or actually fall to the ground (Jer 12:5+)

בָּטֻחַ (bā·ṭǔaḥ) Holladay: see 1052 (Ps 112:7+)

1055 I. בֶּטַח (bě·ṭǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 983; TWOT 233a—1. LN 25.156–25.166 confidence, i.e., a belief or feeling of safety and security (Isa 32:17; Job 24:23; Mic 2:8); 2. LN 31.82–31.101 unsuspecting, naive, and in a trusting, unsecured, i.e., undefended condition, so implying vulnerability (Ge 34:25; Jdg 8:11; Pr 3:29; Eze 38:11); 3. LN 21.9–21.13 unit: לְ־ בֶּטַח (l- bě·ṭǎḥ)1 safely, in safety (Lev 25:18); 4. LN 21.9–21.13 unit: הָלַךְ בֶּטַח (hā·lǎḵ bě·ṭǎḥ)1 walk in safety, i.e., a figurative extension for living a life free of danger

1056 II. בֶּטַח (bě·ṭǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 984;—LN 93-place (loc.) (most versions) Betah: Syrian town (2Sa 8:8+), note: for NIV, NAB text see 3183

1057 בִּטְחָה (biṭ·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 985; TWOT 233b—LN 31.35–31.49 trust, confidence, faith, i.e., belief in something as true and so trustworthy (Isa 30:15+)

1058 בַּטֻּחָה (bǎṭ·ṭǔ·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 987; TWOT 233d—LN 21.9–21.13 (pl.) security, safety, i.e., a state of being free from danger, implying as well a state of peace (Job 12:6+)

1059 בִּטָּחוֹן (biṭ·ṭā·ḥôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 986; TWOT 233c—1. LN 31.82–31.101 confidence, hope which has a component of a belief and trust in something (2Ki 18:19; Isa 36:4+); 2. LN 25.59–25.64 hope, i.e., a reason of confidence (Ecc 9:4+), note: the context does not seem to emphasize a belief system, “a chance for hope” might be an appropriate translation

בַּטֻּחוֹת (bǎṭ·ṭǔ·ḥôṯ) Lisowsky: see 1058

בּטל (bṭl) or בטל (bṭl): see 1060

1060 בָּטַל (bā·ṭǎl): v.; ≡ Str 988; TWOT 235—LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) cease, stop, i.e., desist from doing an action (Ecc 12:3+), note: as a change in existence, see also domain LN 13.48–13.68 or possibly LN 42.7–42.28

1061 I. בֶּטֶן (bě·ṭěn): n.fem.; ≡ Str 990; TWOT 236a—1. LN 8.69 womb, uterus, i.e., female reproductive organs (Ge 25:23); 2. LN 8.66 stomach, i.e., the part of the body that processes food, upper part of digestive tract (Job 15:2; 20:15; Pr 13:25; 18:20); 3. LN 8.67 abdomen, belly, i.e., the front outer part of the body, approximately from the ribs to the sex organs (Nu 5:21, 22; Jdg 3:21; SS 7:3); 4. LN 25.12–25.32 hunger, craving, i.e., a figurative extension of the stomach for desiring food or other desires (Job 20:20; Ps 17:14); 5. LN 26.4 heart, i.e., the inner most part as the essence which can invoke thinking and feeling (Ps 22:18); 6. LN 7.26–7.53 bowl-shaped part of a construction (1Ki 7:20); 7. LN 10.38 unit: פְּרִי בֶּטֶן (perî bě·ṭěn)1 a child, formally, fruit of the womb (Ge 30:2); 8. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: מִן־ הַ־ בֶּטֶן (min- hǎ- bě·ṭěn)1 from the time of birth or possibly conception (Jdg 13:5); 9. LN 10.49 unit: בֵּן בֶּטֶן ־ִי (bēn bě·ṭěn i-y) brother, formally, son of my womb (Job 19:17); 10. LN 26.4 unit: חֶדֶר בֶּטֶן (ḥě·ḏěr bě·ṭěn)1 heart, inner being, i.e., that is the inner core of a person (Pr 18:8; 20:27, 30); 11. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: בֶּטֶן שְׁאוֹל (bě·ṭěn šeʾôl) Netherworld’s Center, formally, womb of Sheol, i.e., the center of the place of death (Jnh 2:3[EB 2])

1062 II. בֶּטֶן (bě·ṭěn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 991;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beten: town of Asher, (Jos 19:25+)

1063 בָּטְנָה (bāṭ·nā(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 992; TWOT 237a—LN 5.1–5.22 pistachio nut, i.e., an oval-shaped food that is the fruit of the Pistacia terebinthus, with the associative meaning of a delicacy and hence desired or valuable food (Ge 43:11+)

בָּטְנִים (bāṭ·nîm) BDB: see 1063

1064 בְּטֹנִים (beṭō·nîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 993;—LN 93-place (loc.) Betonim: town of Gad, (Jos 13:26+)

בַּי (bǎy) BDB: see 1066

1065 בִּי (bî): pt. of entreaty; ≡ Str 994; TWOT 238a—LN 91.6–91.12 Please!, “Excuse me, sir!,” i.e., a marker of discourse for polite address to a superior, implying submission to that one (Ge 43:20; 44:18; Ex 4:10, 13; Nu 12:11; Jos 7:8; Jdg 6:13, 15; 13:8; 1Sa 1:26; 1Ki 3:17, 26+)

בִּי אֲדֹנִי (bî ʾǎḏō·nî), בִּי אֲדֹנָי (bî ʾǎḏō·nāy) Holladay: see 1065 + 123

1066 בָּיַי (bā·yǎy): v. [Holladay, KB: inj.]—see 20; see also 19.6 (qal? impf. 1cs.) (Job 34:36+)

בּין (byn) or בין (byn): see 1067

1067 בִּין (bîn): v.; ≡ Str 995; TWOT 239—1. LN 27.1–27.26 (qal) realize, i.e., hear and apprehend information (Ne 13:7); 2. LN 28.1–28.16 (hif) have skill, i.e., have a specialized knowledge that is effectively implemented (1Ch 15:22); 3. LN 33.224–33.250 (hif) teach, instruct, i.e., cause knowledge and wisdom to be imparted (Da 11:33), see also domain LN 28.1–28.16; 4. LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) perceive, see, i.e., receive information through the eye-gate (Job 9:11); (hitpolel) look closely, see with the eyes and have perception and judgment about what is seen (1Ki 3:21); 5. LN 32.1–32.10 (hitpolel) understand, i.e., comprehend information and be able to relate information (Job 26:14); 6. LN 32.24–32.41 (qal) understand, i.e., comprehend information and be able to make proper decisions, judgments, and actions based on the information (Job 32:9); (hitpolel) understand, have wisdom (Ps 119:100); 7. LN 30.1–30.38 (qal) think about, ponder, i.e., process information, and so respond in an appropriate manner (Dt 32:7); (hif) understand, distinguish, i.e., have knowledge and respond appropriately (1Ki 3:9); (hitpolel) consider with full attention, think about, ponder, i.e., process information, and so respond in an appropriate manner (Job 23:15); 8. LN 35.36–35.46 (polel) care for, take care of, i.e., show care and concern for another by taking care of needs of sustenance and protection (Dt 32:10+); 9. LN 32.24–32.41 (nif) be discerning, be understanding (Isa 10:13+), note: for ptcp. as a, see 5551.5; note: further study may yield more domains

1068 בַּיִן (bǎ·yin): prep. [see also 1075]; ≡ Str 996; TWOT 239a—1. LN 83.9–83.17 between, i.e., a position of space which is defined by the position of what is on each side (Ge 15:17); 2. LN 83.23–83.32 at, i.e., a position of space in the proximity of, or vicinity of an object or space (Jdg 5:11); 3. LN 83.9–83.17 within, i.e., a position of space defined within certain limits (Pr 26:13); 4. LN 83.9–83.17 among, i.e., a position of space defined by being in the middle space, not limited to two sides (Jdg 5:16); 5. LN 89.120–89.122 from, i.e., a marker of a distinction or disassociation, in contrast of two entities, events or states (Ge 1:14); 6. LN 67.142–67.162 interval, time between, i.e., a unit of time in the middle of a past and a prior time or event (Ne 5:18); 7. LN 89.65–89.70 unit: בַּיִן (bǎ·yin) … בַּיִן (bǎ·yin) whether … or, i.e., a multiple marker of condition (Lev 27:14; Dt 17:8)

1069 בִּינָה (bî·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 998; TWOT 239b—1. LN 32.24–32.41 understanding, insight, discernment, i.e., a good sense or wisdom to respond properly to the LORD and his Torah (Dt 4:6), note: see also domain LN 88.93–88.99; 2. LN 28.1–28.16 understand, i.e., to be given a revelation as well as its meaning (Da 10:1); 3. LN 32.24–32.41 unit: יָדַע בִּינָה (yā·ḏǎʿ bî·nā(h)) understand, i.e., skillfully react to life situations (1Ch 12:33[EB 32])

1070 בֵּיצָה (bê·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1000; TWOT 218a—1. LN 5.18 (pl.) bird eggs, i.e., used as food for humans or animals (Dt 22:6; Isa 10:14+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 23.46–23.60 eggs, i.e., the pre-hatched offspring of a flying or creeping creature (Dt 22:6; Job 39:14; Isa 10:14; 59:5+)

1071 בַּיִר (bǎ·yir): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 953; TWOT 194e—LN 1.69–1.78 water well (Jer 6:7 Q+), see BHS ftn, which read בְּאֵר (beʾēr) 931, note: the K could be repointed as בּוֹר (bôr), see 1014

1072 בִּירָה (bî·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1002; TWOT 240—1. LN 7.2–7.25 citadel, i.e., a fortified palace structure for a king (Ne 1:1; Est 1:2–9:12 passim; Da 8:2+), note: often this kind of structure would be built on natural high ground or artificial Tel; 2. LN 7.2–7.25 palatial structure, i.e., temple building (1Ch 29:1, 19); 3. LN 7.2–7.25 fort, i.e., a defensive building for protection of military aggression (2Ch 17:12; 27:4+); 4. LN 7.26–7.53 citadel, i.e., a defensive tower as a part of building (temple) complex (Ne 2:8; 7:2+)

1073 בִּירָנִיָּה (bî·rā·niy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1003; TWOT 240—see 1072 KB: (2Ch 17:12; 27:4+), note: others parse as plural of בִּירָה (bî·rā(h))

בִּירָנִיּוֹת (bî·rā·niy·yôṯ) Holladay: see 1072, 1073

בִּירָנִית (bî·rā·nîṯ) BDB: see 1072, 1073

1074 I. בַּיִת (bǎ·yiṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1004; TWOT 241—1. LN 7.2–7.25 house, temple, i.e., a building consisting of one or more rooms (Ge 19:10); 2. LN 7.26–7.53 room, quarters, i.e., a portion of a larger building (2Ki 23:7); 3. LN 10.1–10.13 family, household, i.e., a very small unit of a clan or tribe, consisting of parents, children, close relatives, including servants, living in relatively close proximity (Ge 7:1; 24:38); 4. LN 10.1–10.13 clan, i.e., an extended family unit, larger than one family, consisting of those related by lineage, usually living in roughly the same geographical area (Jdg 4:17); 5. LN 10.1–10.13 tribe, i.e., a major subjnct.-unit of a nation or race organized around a single ancestor (2Ch 19:11); 6. LN 10.14–10.48 lineage, family line, i.e., persons of a successive generation who are related by birth (1Sa 2:31); 7. LN 57.1–57.21 possession, goods, property, i.e., things or real estate which one owns and possesses (1Ki 13:8); 8. LN 80.1–80.4 place, formally, home, i.e., an area of space any size, though smaller than a region or geographical area (Job 30:23); 9. LN 6.118–6.151 receptacle, container, i.e., an object which can hold liquid (Isa 3:20); 10. LN 85.67–85.85 web, i.e., the threads configured by a spider, with a focus on the fragility of the construction (Job 8:14, 15); 11. LN 18.12–18.23 holder, fastener, formally, home, i.e., the act. or condition which attaches one object to another (Ex 25:27); 12. LN 14.36–14.52 unit: בַּיִת (bǎ·yiṯ) … סָבִיב (sā·ḇîḇ) halo, formally, house of surround, i.e., an arch of light (Eze 1:27); 13. LN 11.55–11.89 unit: בַּיִת יִשְׂרָאֵל (bǎ·yiṯ yiś·rā·ʾēl) Israelite, people of the nation of Israel (Hos 5:1); 14. LN 10.1–10.13 unit: בַּיִת אָב (bǎ·yiṯ ʾāḇ) clan, formally, house of the fathers, i.e., a subgroup of a main clan/tribe division (Ex 6:14); 15. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת אֱלֹהִים (bǎ·yiṯ ʾělō·hîm) shrine, i.e., a construction for worship (Jdg 17:5); 16. LN 46 unit: אִישׁ הַ־ בַּיִת (ʾîš hǎ- bǎ·yiṯ)1 household servants, attendants, formally, man of the house, i.e., persons of lower status that serve the master or mistress of a household (Ge 39:11); 17. LN 7.24 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ אֵסוּר (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- ʾē·sûr) prison, i.e., a place of confinement or detention (Jer 37:15+); 18. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת אָסֹף (bǎ·yiṯ ʾā·sōp̄) storehouse, i.e., a building for storage, with a focus on the goods in the storage area (1Ch 26:15, 17+); 19. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת כַּפֹּרֶת (bǎ·yiṯ kǎp·pō·rěṯ) temple, formally, house of atonement, i.e., that building which is separate from the porticoes and porches of the temple (1Ch 28:11+); 20. LN 7.26–7.53 unit: בַּיִת אִשָּׁה (bǎ·yiṯ ʾiš·šā(h)) place where harem lives, formally, house of women, i.e., a secure area of the palace where the women of the king reside (Est 2:3, 9, 11, 13, 14+); 21. LN 7.26–7.53 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ בָּשַׁל (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- bā·šǎl) (piel) kitchen, formally, house of the cooking (Eze 46:24), note: see also 4453; 22. LN 46 unit: בַּיִת מְבַשְּׁלִים (bǎ·yiṯ meḇǎš·šelîm) the cooking places (Eze 46:24+), note: other sources, articulated ptcp. of 1418, see also 4453; 23. LN 93-place unit: n.pr.loc. בַּיִת הַ־ גִּבּוֹר (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- gib·bôr) House of the Heroes, i.e., an unknown area of the barracks, or possibly a tomb area memorializing soldiers (Ne 3:16); 24. LN 11.47 unit: חֲלֻקָּה בַּיִת אָב (ḥǎlǔq·qā(h) bǎ·yiṯ ʾāḇ) working group, formally, portion of the house of father, based in a clan relationship (2Ch 35:5+), see also domain LN 53.66–53.95; 25. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ יַיִן (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- yǎ·yin) banquet hall, formally, house of wine, i.e., a construction to hold banquets (SS 2:4), note: some interp this as a vineyard area (though not as likely in the editor’s opinion), see domain LN 3.28; 26. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת (הַ־) כֶּלֶא (bǎ·yiṯ (hǎ-) kě·lě(ʾ)) prison building, formally, house of imprisonment (1Ki 22:27; 2Ki 17:4; 25:27; 2Ch 18:26; Isa 42:7, 22; Jer 37:15, 18+); 27. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ כְּלוּא (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- kelû(ʾ)) prison building, formally, house of imprisonment (Jer 37:4 Q; 52:31 Q+); 28. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ כְּלִיא (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- kelî(ʾ)) prison building, formally, house of imprisonment (Jer 37:4 K; 52:31 K+); 29. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת הַ־סֹּהַר (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ-s·sō·hǎr) prison, formally, house of the round, i.e., a construction where prisoners are confined (Ge 39:20,21, 22,23; 40:3, 5+); 30. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ פְּקֻדָּה (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- peqǔd·dā(h)) prison, formally, house of the punishment, i.e., a place of detention (Jer 52:11); 31. LN 37.119–37.126 unit: בַּיִת מִשְׁמָר (bǎ·yiṯ miš·mār)1 prison, formally, house of confinement, i.e., a structure where prisoners are kept (Ge 42:19+), see also domain LN 7.2–7.25; 32. LN 7.24 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ מַהְפֶּכֶת (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- mǎh·pě·ḵěṯ) prison, formally, house of stocks (2Ch 16:10+); 33. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת כְּלִי (bǎ·yiṯ kelî) armory, formally, house of vessels, i.e., the building where weapons are stored (2Ki 20:13); 34. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת מָגוֹר (bǎ·yiṯ mā·ḡôr)2 lodging place, formally, place of living (Ps 119:54+); 35. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת מוֹשָׁב (bǎ·yiṯ mô·šāḇ) house, formally, house of dwelling, i.e., a construction where one lives (Lev 25:29); 36. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ מֶלֶךְ (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- mě·lěḵ)1 palace, formally, house of the king, i.e., a building where the king dwells (2Sa 11:8), note: the palace grounds may be included in this palace area; cf. also 1131; 37. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת מַלְכוּת (bǎ·yiṯ mǎl·ḵûṯ) palace, formally, house of the reign, i.e., a residence of the king and governmental power (2Ch 2:11[EB 12]); 38. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: מַרְבִּית בַּיִת (mǎr·bîṯ bǎ·yiṯ) descendants, formally, abundance of your house, i.e., progeny of the very next generation (1Sa 2:33+); 39. LN 1.88–1.94 unit: נְוַת בַּיִת (newǎṯ bǎ·yiṯ)1 (NIV) camp, formally, house of the pastureland, i.e., a temporary dwelling place of a population of soldiers or other traveling groups (Ps 68:13[EB 12]+), note: for another interp, see next; 40. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת נְכֹת (bǎ·yiṯ neḵōṯ) treasure house, store house, i.e., a building where treasure is stored (2Ki 20:13; Isa 39:2 Q+); 41. LN 11.12–11.54 unit: בַּיִת חָלַץ הַ־ נַעַל (bǎ·yiṯ ḥā·lǎṣ hǎ- nǎ·ʿǎl) Family of the Unsandalled, i.e., one bare-footed as a sign of misery or disgrace, as a family group in Israel (Dt 25:10+); 42. LN 46 unit: רַב בַּיִת (rǎḇ bǎ·yiṯ)1 head waiter, i.e., a manager of royal festival food, drink, etc. (Est 1:8+); 43. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: בַּיִת עוֹלָם (bǎ·yiṯ ʿô·lām) death, formally, eternal home, i.e., a place where the dead reside in the nether world (Ecc 12:5)

1075 II. בַּיִת (bǎ·yiṯ): prep. [see also 1068]; ≡ Str 996; TWOT 239a—1. LN 83.9–83.17 among, i.e., a position of space defined by being in the middle space, not limited to two sides (Job 8:17+); 2. LN 83.9–83.17 between, i.e., a position of space which is defined by the position of what is on each side (Eze 41:9+); 3. LN 1.99–1.105 unit: בַּיִת נְתִיבָה (bǎ·yiṯ neṯî·ḇā(h)) crossroad, formally, between the paths, i.e., an intersection of two thoroughfares, and so a gathering area for travelers to meet (Pr 8:2+)

1076 III. בַּיִת (bǎ·yiṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1006;—LN 93-place (loc.) (ASV) Bayith: Bajith (KJV), a town in Moab (KJV) (Isa 15:2+), note: “temple” in NIV, and so most versions see 1074 as religious house or shrine

בֵּית (bêṯ) BDB: see 1075

1077 בֵּית אָוֶן (bêṯ ʾā·wěn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1007;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Aven: border town of Benjamin, near Ai and Michmash (Jos 7:2; 18:12; 1Sa 13:5; 14:23; Hos 4:15; 5:8; 10:5+)

1078 בֵּית־אֵל (bêṯ-·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1008; TWOT 241a—LN 93-place (loc.) Bethel: 1. town north of Jerusalem, about a dozen miles, (Ge 12:8), see also 1088, 4281; 2. see also 1433, 1434; also part of a compound name, El Bethel, see 450

בֵּיתאֵל (bêṯ·ʾēl) BDB: see 1078

1079 בֵּית אַרְבֵאל (bêṯ ʾǎr·ḇē(ʾ)l): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1009;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Arbel: town of Gilead, (Hos 10:14+)

1080 בֵּית אַשְׁבֵּעַ (bêṯ ʾǎš·bēaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1004, 791;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Ashbea: currently unknown town (1Ch 4:21+)

1081 בֵּית בַּעַל מְעוֹן (bêṯ bǎ·ʿǎl meʿôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1010;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Baal Meon: of Reuben, town in Transjordan (Jos 13:17+), note: also called 1260

בֵּית בַּעַל פְּעוֹר (bêṯ bǎ·ʿǎl peʿôr): see 1121

1082 בֵּית בִּרְאִי (bêṯ bir·ʾî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1011;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Biri: town of Simeon (1Ch 4:31+), see also 1106

1083 בֵּית בָּרָה (bêṯ bā·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1012;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Barah: near the Jordan River, currently unknown (Jdg 7:24+)

1084 בֵּית־גָּדֵר (bêṯ-·gā·ḏēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1013;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Gader: town of Judah (1Ch 2:51+), note: some relate to 1554

1085 בֵּית גָּמוּל (bêṯ gā·mûl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1014;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Gamul: town of Moab, (Jer 48:23+)

1086 בֵּית דִּבְלָתַיִם (bêṯ diḇ·lā·ṯǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1015;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Diblathaim: town in Moab, (Jer 48:22+), note: possibly related to 6627

בֵּית דִּבְלָתָיִם (bêṯ diḇ·lā·ṯā·yim): see 1086

1087 בֵּית־דָּגוֹן (bêṯ-·dā·ḡôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1016;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Dagon: 1. town in Asher, (Jos 19:27+) 2. town in the lowlands of Judah (Jos 15:41+)

1088 בֵּית הָאֱלִי (bêṯ hǒ·ʾělî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1017;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Bethelite : pertaining to Bethel (1Ki 16:34+, see also 1078)

1089 בֵּית הָאֵצֶל (bêṯ hā·ʾē·ṣěl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1018;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Ezel: town probably in Judah (Mic 1:11+)

1090 בֵּית הַגִּלְגָּל (bêṯ hǎg·gil·gāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1019;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Gilgal: town (Ne 12:29+), see also 1652

1091 בֵּית הַגָּן (bêṯ hǎg·gān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1004, 1588;—LN 93-place (loc.) (most versions) Beth Haggan: town of Manasseh, (2Ki 9:27+), note: KJV, ASV, NASB translates as common nouns 1074 + 1703

1092 בֵּית הַמֶּרְחָק (bêṯ hǎm·měr·ḥāq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1023;—LN 93-place (loc.) (ASV) Beth Merhak: the Far House (NEB, REB)(2Sa 15:17+), note: most other versions translate as two common nouns, “the last house,” or “far off place,” see 1074 + 5305

1093 בֵּית הַיְשִׁימוֹת (bêṯ hǎy·šî·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1020;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Jeshimoth: town of Reuben, later of Moab, (Nu 33:49; Jos 12:3; 13:20; Eze 25:9+)

1094 בֵּית־הַכֶּרֶם (bêṯ-·hǎk·kě·rěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1021;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Hakkerem: town of Judah, possibly about 3 miles S of Jerusalem, or (Ne 3:14; Jer 6:1+)

1095 בֵּית־הַלַּחְמִי (bêṯ-·hǎl·lǎḥ·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1022;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Bethlehemite: pertaining to Bethlehem (1Sa 16:1, 18; 17:58; 2Sa 21:19+), see also 1107

1096 בֵּית־הַמַּרְכָּבוֹת (bêṯ-·hǎm·mǎr·kā·ḇôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1024;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Marcaboth: town of Simeon (Jos 19:5+), see also 1112

1097 בֵּית הָעֵמֶק (bêṯ hā·ʿē·měq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1025;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Emek: town of Asher, (Jos 19:27+)

1098 בֵּית הָעֲרָבָה (bêṯ hā·ʿǎrā·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1026;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Arabah: border town near Jericho, between Judah and Benjamin (Jos 15:6, 61; 18:18, 22+), see also 6863

1099 בֵּית הָרָם (bêṯ hā·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1027;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Haram: town in the valley in area of Gad, E of Jordan, (Jos 13:27+), note: some relate to 1100

1100 בֵּית הָרָן (bêṯ hā·rān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1028;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Haran: valley of Gad, E of Jordan (Nu 32:36+), note: some relate to 1099

בֵּית הָרֹעִים (bêṯ hā·rō·ʿîm): see 1074 + 8286 (2Ki 10:12+)

1101 בֵּית הַשִּׁטָּה (bêṯ hǎš·šiṭ·ṭā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1029;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Shittah: town in the Valley of Jezreel (Jdg 7:22+)

בֵּית־הַשִּׁמְשִׁי (bêṯ-·hǎš·šim·šî) BDB: see 1128

1102 בֵּית־חָגְלָה (bêṯ-·ḥāḡ·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1031;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Hoglah: town of Benjamite, in Jordan Valley (Jos 15:6; 18:19, 21+)

1103 בֵּית־חוֹרוֹן (bêṯ-·ḥô·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1032;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Horon: twin cities near Ephraim-Benjamin border 1. Lower Beth Horon, (Jos 16:3; 18:13; 1Ki 9:17; 1Ch 7:24; 2Ch 8:5+) 2. Upper Beth Horon, (Jos 16:3), note: often not designated Upper and Lower, Jos 10:10

1104 בֵּית חָנָן (bêṯ ḥā·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 358;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bethhanan: part of a compound name, Elon Bethhanan, see 392

בֵּית יוֹאָב (bêṯ yô·ʾāḇ): see 1074 + 3405 (2Sa 3:29+)

1105 בֵּית כָּר (bêṯ kār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1033;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Car: town (1Sa 7:11+)

1106 בֵּית לְבָאוֹת (bêṯ leḇā·ʾôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1034;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Lebaoth: town of Judah-Simeon (Jos 19:6+), see also 1082, 4219

1107 בֵּית לֶחֶם (bêṯ lě·ḥěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1035; TWOT 241b—LN 93-place (loc.) Bethlehem: 1. town of Judah, 5 mi. S of Jerusalem, (Ge 35:19; Ru 1:1; Mic 5:1[EB 2]) 2. town of Zebulun, 7 mi. N of Nazareth, (Jos 19:15; Jdg 12:8, 10+), see also 1095

1108 בֵּית לְעַפְרָה (bêṯ leʿǎp̄·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1036;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Ophrah: currently unknown city for mourning (Mic 1:10+)

1109 בֵּית מִלּוֹא (bêṯ mil·lô(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1037;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Millo: 1. site near Shechem (Jdg 9:6, 20+) 2. site on the road down to Silla (2Ki 12:21[EB 20]+)

1110 בֵּית מְעוֹן (bêṯ meʿôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1010;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Meon: of Reuben, town in Transjordan (Jer 48:23+), note: also called 1081, 1260

1111 בֵּית מַעֲכָה (bêṯ mǎ·ʿǎḵā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1038;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Maacah: part of a compound name, Abel Beth Maacah, see 68

1112 בֵּית מַרְכָּבוֹת (bêṯ mǎr·kā·ḇôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1024;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Marcaboth: town of Simeon (1Ch 4:31+), see also 1096

1113 בֵּית נִמְרָה (bêṯ nim·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1039;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Nimrah: town of Sihon, on E side of the Jordan, (Nu 32:36; Jos 13:27+)

1114 בֵּית עֶדֶן (bêṯ ʿě·ḏěn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1040;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Eden: possibly a city-state near the Euphrates (Am 1:5+), see also 6361

1115 בֵּית־עַזְמָוֶת (bêṯ-·ʿǎz·mā·wěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1041;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Azmaveth: village, (Ne 7:28+), see also 6463

1116 בֵּית־עֲנוֹת (bêṯ-·ʿǎnôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1042;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Anoth: town of Judah, (Jos 15:59+)

1117 בֵּית־עֲנָת (bêṯ-·ʿǎnāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1043;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Anath: town of Naphtali (Jos 19:38; Jdg 1:33+)

1118 בֵּית־עֵקֶד (bêṯ-·ʿē·qěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1044;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Eked: place between Samaria and Jezreel (2Ki 10:12, 14+)

בֵּית־עֵקֶד הָרֹעִים (bêṯ-·ʿē·qěḏ hā·rō·ʿîm) BDB: see 1118

1119 בֵּית עַשְׁתָּרוֹת (bêṯ ʿǎš·tā·rôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1045;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Ashtaroth (temple of the Ashtoreths NIV): (1Sa 31:10+), see also 1074 + 6956

1120 בֵּית פֶּלֶט (bêṯ pě·lěṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1046;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Pelet: town of Judah, near Edom border (Jos 15:27; Ne 11:26+), see also 7121

1121 בֵּית פְּעוֹר (bêṯ peʿôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1047;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Peor: town of Reuben, E of the Jordan (Dt 3:29; 4:46; 34:6; Jos 13:20+)

1122 בֵּית פַּצֵּץ (bêṯ pǎṣ·ṣēṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1048;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Pazzez: town of Issachar (Jos 19:21+)

1123 בֵּית־צוּר (bêṯ-·ṣûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1049;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Zur: town of Judah, (Jos 15:58; 1Ch 2:45; 2Ch 11:7; Ne 3:16+)

בֵּית־רֵכָב (bêṯ-·rē·ḵāḇ): see 1074 + 8209

1124 בֵּית־רְחוֹב (bêṯ-·reḥôḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1050;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Rehob: town in the upper Jordan Valley (Jdg 18:28; 2Sa 10:6+)

1125 בֵּית רָפָא (bêṯ rā·p̄ā(ʾ)): n.pr. [BDB: possibly N.PR.M.?]; ≡ Str 1051;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Rapha: currently unknown site in Judah (1Ch 4:12+)

1126 בֵּית־שְׁאָן (bêṯ-·šeʾān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1052;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Shan: town allotted to Manasseh, 15 mi. SSW of Sea of Galilee, (Jos 17:11, 16; Jdg 1:27; 1Sa 31:10, 12; 2Sa 21:12; 1Ki 4:12; 1Ch 7:29+)

1127 בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ (bêṯ šě·měš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1053;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Shemesh: 1. town of Dan, at the northern end of the western foothills, (Jos 15:10; 1Sa 6:9) 2. town of Naphtali, (Jos 19:38; Jdg 1:33) 3. town of Issachar or (Jos 19:22) 4. Egyptian religious center, 10 mi. NNE of modern Cairo (Jer 43:13+), see also 225, 228, 2239; see also 1128

1128 בֵּית־שִׁמְשִׁי (bêṯ-·šim·šî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1030;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Beth-Shemeshite: pertaining to Beth Shemesh (1Sa 6:14, 18+), see also 1127

בֵּית שָׁן (bêṯ šān): see 1126

1129 בֵּית תּוֹגַרְמָה (bêṯ tô·ḡǎr·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1004, 8425;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Togarmah: place somewhere N of Palestine (Eze 27:14; 38:6+), see also 9328

1130 בֵּית־תַּפּוּחַ (bêṯ-·tǎp·pûaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1054;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beth Tappuah: town of Judah, (Jos 15:53+), see also 9516

1131 בִּיתָן (bî·ṯān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1055; TWOT 241c—LN 7.2–7.25 palace, i.e., a royal complex residence (Est 1:5; 7:7, 8+) cf. also 1074

1132 I. בָּכָא (bā·ḵā(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1057; TWOT 242—1. LN 3.13–3.32 species of plant, (Tanakh) baca-shrub, i.e., a large woody plant (2Sa 5:23, 24; 1Ch 14:14, 15+), note: Tanakh ftn, “meaning uncertain.”, note: oth translate as 1133; 2. LN 3.2–3.12 species of tree, (NIV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, NJB) balsam tree, i.e., an aromatic tree (2Sa 5:23, 24; 1Ch 14:14, 15+), note: translations variously identify as: (KJV, NKJV, ASV) mulberry tree; (NAB) mastic tree; (NEB, REB) aspens

1133 II. בָּכָא (bā·ḵā(ʾ)): n.pr. [Holladay: see 1132?]; ≡ Str 1056;—LN 93-place (loc.) Baca: possibly a valley of Upper Galilee (Ps 84:7[EB 6]+), note: oth translate as 1132, or possibly 1134

בּכה (bkh) or בכה (bkh): see 1134

1134 בָּכָה (bā·ḵā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1058; TWOT 243—LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) weep, wail, cry, sob, mourn, i.e., to well-up tears in the eyes and have mild convulsions or spasms of the diaphragm, and often make vocal sounds of soft groaning or loud wailing, as a sign of sorrow and mourning (Ge 21:16; 2Sa 3:32), note: in some contexts this is ritual mourning for the dead, see also domain LN 52; (piel) weep for, mourn for (Jer 31:15; Eze 8:14+)

1135 בֶּכֶה (bě·ḵě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1059; TWOT 243a—LN 25.135–25.145 weeping, i.e., the act. of making noises of sorrow, with the associative meaning of repentance and/or ritual mourning (Ezr 10:1+)

בְּכוֹר (beḵôr): see 1147

1136 בִּכּוּרָה (bik·kû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1063, 1073; TWOT 244f—LN 3.33–3.46 early ripened fruit, i.e., first of the fruit to mature, in each context, the fruit of the תְּאֵנָה (teʾē·nā(h)) tree (Isa 28:4; Jer 24:2; Hos 9:10; Mic 7:1+)

1137 בִּכּוּרִים (bik·kû·rîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 1061; TWOT 244e—LN 3.33–3.46 firstfruits, the early or first ripened produce of anything domestically grown in soil, i.e., vine, grain, fruits, etc. (Ex 23:16, 19; 34:22, 26; Lev 2:14; 23:17, 20; Nu 13:20; 18:13; 28:26; 2Ki 4:42; Ne 10:36[EB 35]; 13:31; Eze 44:30; Na 3:12+)

1138 בְּכוֹרַת (beḵô·rǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1064;—LN 93-pers. (male) Becorath: of Benjamin (1Sa 9:1+)

1139 בָּכוּת (bā·ḵûṯ): n.pr. [oth n.fem.]; ≡ Str 439; TWOT 243c—1. Bacuth: part of a compound name, Allon Bacuth, see 475, note: others translate as a common noun, see next; 2. LN 25.135–25.145 weeping, i.e., an out-loud expression of sorrow (Ge 35:8+), see 1134

1140 בְּכִי (beḵî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1065; TWOT 243b—1. LN 25.135–25.145 weeping, the act. of making expressions of sorrow, both noises and tears from the eyes (Ge 45:2; Dt 34:8; Ps 6:9[EB 8]; 30:6[EB 5]), note: the associative meaning can be either sorrow, repentance from sin, or a combination of both; 2. LN 1.69–1.78 trickling water, i.e., a very small flow of water, as occurs in mines or tunnels (Job 28:11+), note: NIV translates as 4441; 3. LN 8.70–8.77 a teardrop, i.e., the liquid that comes from the eye, often as a response to emotional or physical pain (Ps 102:10[EB 9])

1141 בֹּכִים (bō·ḵîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1066;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bokim: site near Gilgal, a place people wept (Jdg 2:1, 5+)

בְּכִיר (beḵîr) KB3, Holladay: adj.—see 1142

1142 בְּכִירָה (beḵî·rā(h)): n.fem. [oth adj.]; ≡ Str 1067; TWOT 244d—LN 10.43–10.44 first born daughter with some clan rights compared to younger sisters (Ge 19:31, 33, 34, 37; 29:26; 1Sa 14:49+), note: always in the context of two female siblings, so NIV translates as “older daughter.”, see also 1147

1143 בְּכִית (beḵîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1068; TWOT 243d—LN 52 weeping, bewailing, mourning, i.e., the act. of ritual mourning which includes the act. of crying or weeping (Ge 50:4+), see also domain LN 25.135–25.145

בּכר (bkr) or בכר (bkr): see 1144

1144 בָּכַר (bā·ḵǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1069; TWOT 244—1. LN 23.197–23.204 (piel) bear early fruit, i.e., produce fruit or seed from plants, with a special focus on good quality fruit or seed (Eze 47:12+); 2. LN 10.14–10.48 (piel) give the rights of the firstborn, i.e., give the favored inheritance rights to a firstborn child (Dt 21:16+); (pual) be made a firstborn, i.e., be treated as a firstborn and so dedicated to deity (Lev 27:26+); 3. LN 23.46–23.60 (hif) bear one’s first child, i.e., to have one’sing. first baby, with a focus on the act. of giving birth with its associated cries of pain (Jer 4:31+)

1145 בֵּכֶר (bē·ḵěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1070; TWOT 244b—LN 4.30 camel, i.e., a ceremonially unclean, large mammal, i.e., mature young-adult bull camel, a one-humped camel Camelus dromedarius (Isa 60:6+), see also 1149

1146 בֶּכֶר (bě·ḵěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1071;—LN 93-pers. (male) Beker: 1. of Benjamin (Ge 46:21; 1Ch 7:6, 8+) 2. of Ephraim (Nu 26:35+), cf. 1355; see also 1151

1147 בְּכֹר (beḵōr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1060; TWOT 244a—1. LN 10.43–10.44 firstborn, usually, the first male offspring, the oldest son, with the associative meaning of prominence in the clan and privileges pertaining to clan and inheritance (Ge 43:33; Ne 10:37), see also 1142; 2. LN 4.1–4.37 firstborn animal, i.e., the physical firstborn of a domestic animal, apparently either male or female, implying a choice or best product (Ge 4:4; Lev 27:26); 3. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: בְּכֹר מָוֶת (beḵōr mā·wěṯ) deadly disease, formally, firstborn of death, the figurative extension of a fatal sickness or condition (Job 18:13); 4. LN 57.49–57.54 unit: בְּכֹר דַּל (beḵōr dǎl)2 extremely poor, formally, firstborn of the poor (Isa 14:30)

1148 בְּכֹרָה (beḵō·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1062; TWOT 244c—LN 10.43–10.44 birthright, rights of the firstborn (Ge 25:31, 32, 33, 34; 27:36; 43:33; Dt 21:17; 1Ch 5:1,2+)

1149 בִּכְרָה (biḵ·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1072; TWOT 244b—LN 4.30 camel, i.e., a ceremonially unclean large mammal, a mature young-adult cow-camel, a one-humped camel Camelus dromedarius (Jer 2:23+), see also 1145

1150 בֹּכְרוּ (bō·ḵerû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1074;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bokeru: of Jonathan (1Ch 8:38; 9:44+), note: by repointing this becomes בְּכֹר ־ֹו (beḵōr ō-w), (1147 + 2257) “his firstborn,” as in the LXX πρωτότοκος αὐτοῡ, (DBLGrk 4758), see BHS ftn

1151 בַּכְרִי (bǎḵ·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1076;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Bekerite: pertaining to Beker (Nu 26:35+), see also 1146

1152 בִּכְרִי (biḵ·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1075;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bicri: father of Sheba (2Sa 20:1–22+ passim) note: BDB possibly suggests 1Sa 20:14 (gent.) “Berites,” respell to “Bicrites,” see BHS ftn

1153 I. בַּל (bǎl): adv.; ≡ Str 1077; TWOT 246d—LN 69.2–69.6 no, not, never, i.e., a marker that negates a statement (Ps 10:4)

1154 II. בַּל (bǎl): adv.—see 1153 surely (Ps 16:2; Pr 19:23+)

1155 בֵּל (bēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1078; TWOT 262c—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Bel: god of Babylon (Isa 46:1; Jer 50:2; 51:44+)

1156 בַּלְאֲדָן (bǎl·ʾǎḏān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1081;—LN 93-pers. (male) Baladan: father Babylonian king (2Ki 20:12; Isa 39:1+); also part of a compound name, Merodach-Baladan, see 5282; Berodach-Baladan, see 1347

1157 בֵּלְאשַׁצַּר (bēle(ʾ)šǎṣ·ṣǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1112;—LN 93-pers. (male) Belshazzar: the last Chaldean king to reign over Babylon (Da 8:1+), see also 10105

בּלג (blg) or בלג (blg): see 1158

1158 בָּלַג (bā·lǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 1082; TWOT 245—1. LN 25.116–25.134 (hif) rejoice (Job 10:20; Ps 39:14[EB 13]+); 2. LN 67.78–67.117 (hif) flash, i.e., figurative extension of the quickness of a flash of light, this is to take an action very quickly and suddenly (Am 5:9+); 3. LN 25.116–25.134 (hif) unit: gleam, beam, smile, i.e., have a radiant face, implying lack of worry or suffering (Job 9:27+)

1159 בִּלְגָּה (bil·gā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1083;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bilgah: 1. priest in David’s time (1Ch 24:14+) 2. returnee from captivity (Ne 12:5, 18+)

1160 בִּלְגַּי (bil·gǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1084;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bilgai: returnee from captivity (Ne 10:9[EB 8]+), see also 1159(2.)

1161 בִּלְדַּד (bil·dǎḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1085;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bildad: friend of Job (Job 2:11; 8:1; 18:1; 25:1; 42:9+)

בּלה (blh) or בלה (blh): see 1162

1162 I. בָּלָה (bā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1086; TWOT 246—1. LN 67.78–67.117 (qal) wear out, i.e., become old in relation to the normal time which occurs for an object or person, implying a useless or obsolete state (Ge 18:12; Dt 8:4; 29:4[EB 5 2xS]; Jos 9:13; Ne 9:21; Ps 102:27[EB 26]; Isa 50:9; 51:6+), note: when referring to a person, there is an implication of loss of vitality or fertility; (piel) grow old (La 3:4+); 2. LN 25.102–25.115 (piel) long enjoy, take pleasure, formally, use to the full, i.e., have a fondness and pleasure for something, as a figurative extension of using an object (favorite?) to the very end of its usability (Isa 65:22+), note: Job 21:13 K, for Q see 3983; 3. LN 23.205 (qal) decompose, rot, i.e., be in a state of physical decomposition (Job 13:28; Ps 32:3+); (piel) decay (Ps 49:15[EB 14]+); 4. LN 22.21–22.28 (piel) oppress, dominate, formally, wear out, i.e., cause trouble and hardship toward another as a figurative extension of wearing out an object (1Ch 17:9+)

1163 II. בָּלָה (bā·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1088;—LN 93-place (loc.) Balah: town of Simeon (Jos 19:3+), see also 1267

1164 III. בָּלַהּ (bā·lǎh): v.; ≡ Str 1089; TWOT 247—LN 25.251–25.269 (piel) make afraid, i.e., cause severe distress, with the implication that this fear caused will dishearten someone and cause an action to stop (Ezr 4:4 K+), note: for Q, see 987

1165 בָּלֶה (bā·lě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 1087; TWOT 246a—1. LN 67.104 old, pertaining to items that are worn-out, implying having no more use or value (Jos 9:4,5); 2. LN 23.46–23.60 infertile, i.e., pertaining to being old and past the ability for bearing children (Eze 23:43+), note: apparently the woman has been in adultery so long, she is post-menopausal and hence infertile; context appears to emphasize that the woman’s condition is now of low status and even contemptible, cf. the rough statement an “old worn out whore.”

1166 בַּלָּהָה (bǎl·lā·hā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1091; TWOT 247a—1. LN 25.251–25.269 terror, i.e., an emotion or attitude that causes great distress or fear, possibly with some implication of a startling or suddenness of terror (Job 18:11, 14; 24:17; 27:20; 30:15; Ps 73:19; Isa 17:14+); 2. LN 13.93 calamity, destruction, i.e., a destroying that results in a cessation of something (Eze 26:21; 27:36; 28:19+), note: see also domain LN 20.31–20.60

1167 I. בִּלְהָה (bil·hā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1090;—LN 93-pers. (female) Bilhah: mother of Dan and Naphtali (Ge 29:29; 30:3, 4, 5, 7; 35:22, 25; 37:2; 46:25; 1Ch 7:13+)

1168 II. בִּלְהָה (bil·hā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1090;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bilhah: town in northern Negev, i.e., southern Judah (1Ch 4:29+), see also 1267(3.) and 1163

1169 בִּלְהָן (bil·hān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1092;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bilhan: 1. Horite chief (Ge 36:27; 1Ch 1:42+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 7:10+)

בְּלוֹא (belô(ʾ)) BDB: see 1170 (Jer 38:12+)

1170 בְּלוֹי (belôy): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1094; TWOT 246b—LN 6.152–6.187 rags, worn-out clothing, i.e., clothes no longer good for the use they were made, but only for padding (Jer 38:11,12+)

1171 בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר (bēl·ṭešǎ(ʾ)ṣ·ṣǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1095;—LN 93-pers. (male) Belteshazzar: also known as Daniel (Da 1:7; 10:1+), see 1877(4.)

בֵּלְטֲשַׁאצַּר (bēleṭǎšǎ(ʾ)ṣ·ṣǎr) Holladay: see 1171

1172 בְּלִי (belî): adv. of negation [see also 1172.5, 1172.6]; ≡ Str 1097; TWOT 246e—LN 69.2–69.6 no, not, without, i.e., a marker that negates a statement or word (2Sa 1:21), note: often used in composition with other lexemes; note: for NIV text in Job 18:15, see 4442; see also 1174

בְּלִי (belî): n.[masc.] [served by 1172]; ≡ Str 1097; TWOT 246e—1. LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, corruption, i.e., possibly ruin by disintegration to nothingness(Isa 38:17+); 2. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: שַׁחַת בְּלִי (šǎ·ḥǎṯ belî) death, formally, pit of nothingness (Isa 38:17+), note: possibly related to domain LN 13

בְּלִי (belî): c. [served by 1172]—see 1172

1173 בְּלִיל (belîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1098; TWOT 248a—LN 5.1–5.22 fodder, i.e., mixed-mash feed for large domestic mammals (Job 6:5; 24:6; Isa 30:24+), note: possibly place in domain LN 3, but since this was a relatively processed food, this domain is likely appropriate, note: see also BHS ftn at Job 24:6 for other text options

1174 בְּלִימָה (belî·mā(h)): n.[masc.] [oth 1172 + 4537]; ≡ Str 1099; TWOT 246f—LN 13 nothingness, i.e., that which does not exist, a void of non-existence, implying it never existed (Job 26:7+)

1175 בְּלִיַּעַל (beliy·yǎ·ʿǎl): n.[masc.] [Holladay: as adj.]; ≡ Str 1100; TWOT 246g—1. LN 88.105–88.125 wickedness, i.e., what does not conform to a right standard, so of no worth (Dt 15:9; Na 1:11); 2. LN 88.139–88.143 evil person, trouble maker, i.e., a person who does evil, so is of little worth (1Sa 30:22; 2Sa 23:6; Na 2:1); 3. LN 25.186–25.188 vile thing, i.e., a thing abhorred or detested (Ps 101:3); 4. LN 88.139–88.143 unit: בֵּן בְּלִיַּעַל (bēn beliy·yǎ·ʿǎl) wicked men (Dt 13:14[EB 13]); 5. LN 39.34–39.41 unit: בֵּן בְּלִיַּעַל (bēn beliy·yǎ·ʿǎl) troublemakers, i.e., one who is a lawbreaker and unruly, and so rebellious (1Sa 10:27); 6. LN 88.139–88.143 unit: אִישׁ בְּלִיַּעַל (ʾîš beliy·yǎ·ʿǎl) wicked person (2Sa 20:1; 1Ki 21:13b; 1Sa 25:25); 7. LN 39.34–39.41 unit: אִישׁ בְּלִיַּעַל (ʾîš beliy·yǎ·ʿǎl) scoundrel (2Sa 16:7; Pr 16:27); 8. LN 39.34–39.41 unit: אָדָם בְּלִיַּעַל (ʾā·ḏām beliy·yǎ·ʿǎl) scoundrel (Pr 6:12); 9. LN 88.139–88.143 unit: בַּת בְּלִיַּעַל (bǎṯ beliy·yǎ·ʿǎl) wicked woman (1Sa 1:16)/LNN; 10. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: נַחַל בְּלִיַּעַל (nǎ·ḥǎl beliy·yǎ·ʿǎl) severe destruction, formally, torrents of destruction, i.e., destruction so great as to bring to the point of death (2Sa 22:5; Ps 18:5[EB 4])

בּלל (bll) or בלל (bll): see 1176, 1177

1176 I. בָּלַל (bā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1101; TWOT 248—1. LN 32.19–32.23 (qal) confuse, confound, i.e., cause difficulty for understanding (Ge 11:7, 9+); 2. LN 47.14–47.18 (qal) pour upon, i.e., take liquid out of a container, allowing gravity to place it upon another person or object (Ps 92:11[EB 10]+); 3. LN 63.9–63.12 (qal pass. ptcp.) be mixed with, i.e., combine two different elements and intertwine by a mixing motion (Ex 29:2); (hitpolal) (Hos 7:8+), note: in Hosea there is a strong implication that Ephraim is also confused, not realizing its true condition, note: BDB parses (hif impf.) נָבֶל (nā·ḇěl) in Isa 64:5[EB 6], see 5570

1177 II. בָּלַל (bā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1101; TWOT 248—LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) feed, i.e., throw mash or fodder to animals (Jdg 19:21+)

בּלם (blm) or בלם (blm): see 1178

1178 בָּלַם (bā·lǎm): v.; ≡ Str 1102; TWOT 249—LN 37.1–37.32 (qal) control, restrain, i.e., to hold in check with the implication of guidance (Ps 32:9+)

בּלס (bls) or בלס (bls): see 1179

1179 בָּלַס (bā·lǎs): v.; ≡ Str 1103; TWOT 250—1. LN 4 (qal act. ptcp.) scratch open the unripe fruit sycamore-fig, a motion made by orchard care taker, i.e., make a small cut in a fig early in the maturation process, and so produce a sweeter, more palatable fig (Am 7:14+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 27.23–27.26 country bumpkin, hay-seed, one not sophisticated, formally, “a fig-slitter,” i.e., the figurative extension of an act. of husbandry, with a special focus on the fact Amos was not a professional prophet (Am 7:14+)

בּלע (blʿ)[1] or I. בלע (blʿ): see 1180

בּלע (blʿ)[2] or II. בלע (blʿ): see 1181

1180 I. בָּלַע (bā·lǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 1104; TWOT 251—1. LN 23.45 (qal) swallow up, i.e., to have something pass. through the mouth into the stomach, with focus that what has been swallowed is consumed, no longer visible, or “destroyed” (Jnh 2:1[EB 1:17]); (piel) devour, swallow down (Pr 21:20); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (nif) be consumed, formally, be swallowed, i.e., pertaining to being in a state of ruin or destruction (Hos 8:8+); (piel) devour, consume, formally, swallow up, gulp down, i.e., cause destruction and ruin (2Sa 20:19); (pual) be devoured, formally, be swallowed up (2Sa 17:16; Job 37:20+), note: see also 1181; 3. LN 67.142–67.162 have a moment of time go by, be an instant, formally, swallow, i.e., have a brief unit of time go by possibly as a figurative extension of the time it takes to swallow (Nu 4:20; Job 7:19); 4. LN 34.22–34.30 embrace, accept, formally, swallow, i.e., join in an association as a figurative extension of swallowing an object and so making it part of the person (Pr 19:28)

1181 II. בָּלַע (bā·lǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 1104; TWOT 251—LN 33.69–33.108 (piel) communicate, spread information (Pr 19:28); (pual) be communicated, (2Sa 17:16; Job 37:20+), note: oth see 1180

בּלע (blʿ) or III. בלע (blʿ): see 1182

1182 III. בָּלַע (bā·lǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 1104; TWOT 251c—1. LN 32.19–32.23 (nif) be befuddled, confused, i.e., be in a state of not understanding or processing information, either by a startling situation, or by stimulants (Isa 28:7+); (piel) confuse, cause to not understand (Ps 55:10[EB 9]; Isa 19:3+); (hitp) be confused thoroughly (Ps 107:27+); 2. LN 31.58–31.81 (piel) deceive, formally, cause to go astray, i.e., mislead another about a prior belief as a figurative extension of turning off a proper path (Isa 3:12+); (pual) be led astray (Isa 9:15[EB 16]+)

1183 I. בֶּלַע (bě·lǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1105; TWOT 251a—1. LN 5.1–5.22 food or drink, formally, what is swallowed (Jer 51:44+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 39.52–39.61 what is consumed, i.e., the figurative extension of a nation that is conquered or subdued by another (Jer 51:44+)

1184 II. בֶּלַע (bě·lǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1105; TWOT 251a—1. LN 33.387–33.403 unit: דָּבָר בֶּלַע (dā·ḇār bě·lǎʿ)2 harmful word, i.e., evil destructive speech, with a focus on the destructiveness of the speech (Ps 52:6[EB 4]+); 2. LN 33.251–33.255 unit: דָּבָר בֶּלַע (dā·ḇār bě·lǎʿ)2 lies, i.e., untrue words that confuse (Ps 52:6[EB 4]+)

1185 III. בֶּלַע (bě·lǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1106;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bela: 1. king of Edom (Ge 36:32, 33; 1Ch 1:43, 44+) 2. son of Benjamin (Ge 46:21; Nu 26:38, 40; 1Ch 7:6, 7; 8:1, 3+), see also 1188 3. of Reuben (1Ch 5:8+)

1186 IV. בֶּלַע (bě·lǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1106;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bela: identical to the city of Zoar (Ge 14:2, 8+), see also 7593

1187 בַּלְעֲדֵי (bǎl·ʿǎḏê): prep.; ≡ Str 1107; TWOT 246h—1. LN 89.120–89.122 apart from, except for, not, i.e., a marker of dissociation (Isa 44:6); 2. LN 89.92–89.104 besides, i.e., a marker of an addition (Nu 5:20)

בִּלְעֲדֵי (bil·ʿǎḏê) BDB: see 1187

1188 בַּלְעִי (bǎl·ʿî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1108;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Belaite: pertaining to Bela (Nu 26:38+), see also 1185(2.)

1189 I. בִּלְעָם (bil·ʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1109; TWOT 251b—LN 93-pers. (male) Balaam: son of Beor, used to bless Israel (Nu 22:5–24:25 passim; Nu 31:8, 16; Dt 23:5[EB 4],6[EB 5]; Jos 13:22; 24:9, 10; Ne 13:2; Mic 6:5+)

1190 II. בִּלְעָם (bil·ʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1109; TWOT 251b—LN 93-place (loc.) Bileam: refuge town of Manasseh (1Ch 6:55[EB 70]+), note: some relate to 3300

1191 בָּלַק (bā·lǎq): v.; ≡ Str 1110; TWOT 252—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) devastate, make waste, destroy, make something a ruin (Isa 24:1); 2. LN 57.232–57.248 (pual) be stripped, be devastated by looting (Na 2:11[EB 10]+)

1192 בָּלָק (bā·lāq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1111;—LN 93-pers. (male) Balak: son of Zippor, king of Moab (Nu 22:2–24:25 passim; Jos 24:9; Jdg 11:25; Mic 6:5+

בֵּלְשַׁאצַּר (bē·lešǎ(ʾ)ṣ·ṣǎr) BDB: see 1157

1193 בִּלְשָׁן (bil·šān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1114;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bilshan: returnee from captivity (Ezr 2:2; Ne 7:7+)

בֵּלֶת (bē·lěṯ): see 1194

1194 בִּלְתִּי (bil·tî): pt. or adv.; ≡ Str 1115; TWOT 246i—1. LN 69.2–69.6 no, not, neither, fail, from, i.e., a marker that negates a statement or word (Ge 4:15); 2. LN 89.92–89.104 unless, except for, without, keep from, i.e., a marker of dissociation (Ge 43:3); 3. LN 89.92–89.104 besides, i.e., a marker of an addition (1Sa 2:2)

בִּלְתִּי (bil·tî): pt.—see 1194

בִּלְתִּי (bil·tî): n.masc.?—see 1194

1195 I. בָּמָה (bā·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1116, 1181; TWOT 253—1. LN 1.46–1.50 hill, height, i.e., an elevated place (Dt 32:13; 2Sa 1:19, 25; 22:34; Ps 18:34[EB 33]; Isa 58:14; Hab 3:19), note: in some contexts there are associative meanings of safety or nobility; 2. LN 53.16–53.27 high place, worship center, i.e., a place usually in an elevated land formation, usually associated as a pagan worship center with an altar for presenting gifts and sacrifices (Lev 26:30; Nu 33:52; 1Sa 9:12); 3. LN 6.96–6.101 shrine, i.e., a pagan worship site, suggesting a small sacred mound at the gate area (2Ki 23:8), note: see WBC13:330 for other explanations; 4. LN 14.17–14.35 wave crest, i.e., top part of a wave or open-water swell (Job 9:8); 5. LN 87.19–87.57 unit: עַל בָּמָה עָב (ʿǎl bā·mā(h) ʿāḇ)2 above the backs of the clouds, i.e., a figurative extension of a high position of power (Isa 14:14); 6. LN 8.40 back, i.e., a part of the body (Dt 33:29), note: oth as “high place” religious shrine; 7. LN 7.63–7.76 funeral mound, i.e., a burial place, possibly a monument construction of some kind (Eze 43:7), note: oth as “high place” religious shrine

1196 II. בָּמָה (bā·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1117;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bamah: currently unknown High Place (Eze 20:29+)

1197 בִּמְהָל (bim·hāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1118;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bimhal: of Asher (1Ch 7:33+)

1198 בְּמוֹ (bemô): prep.; ≡ Str 1119; TWOT 193—1. LN 84.1–84.15 from, i.e., a marker of an extension from a source (Ps 11:2; 68:18[EB 17] NIV; Job 37:8+); 2. LN 90.1–90.7 with, by means of, i.e., a marker of instrument by which something is done (Job 9:30; 16:4, 5; 19:16+); 3. LN 83.9–83.17 in, i.e., a marker of a position defined by other points around that position (Isa 25:10 Q; 44:16, 19+); 4. LN 84.29–84.33 through, i.e., a marker of an extension along a path or direction through a space (Isa 43:2+), cf. also 928; note: for MT text in Ps 68:18[EB 17], see 928 + 4392

1199 בָּמוֹת (bā·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1120;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bamoth: stopping place E of the Jordan, in wanderings (Nu 21:19, 20+), see also 1200

1200 בָּמוֹת בַּעַל (bā·môṯ bǎ·ʿǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1120;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bamoth Baal: stopping place E of the Jordan, in Reuben after taking the land (Nu 22:41; Jos 13:17+), see also 1199

1201 I. בֵּן (bēn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1121; TWOT 254—1. LN 10.14–10.48 child, i.e., the immediate offspring of a parent, either male or female (Ge 3:16), see also domain LN 9.41–9.45; 2. LN 10.14–10.48 son, i.e., the immediate male offspring of a parent (Ge 4:25); 3. LN 9.46–9.48 son, i.e., a term of endearment for persons with a relationship, as a figurative extension of the love of a parent for a child (Jos 7:19); 4. LN 4.1–4.37 offspring, foal, i.e., the male offspring of an animal (Zec 9:9); 5. LN 10.14–10.48 grandchild, i.e., the offspring of a parent’s child, of either sex, though usually male (Ge 31:28); 6. LN 10.14–10.48 descendant, progeny, i.e., the offspring of an ancestor, of any of a number of generations (Lev 6:11[EB 18]); 7. LN 9.1–9.23 person, formally, son, i.e., person which is of a class or kind, often used in combinations with other nouns (Lev 19:18), see also domain LN 58.21–58.30; 8. LN 87.58–87.75 unit: בֵּן אָדָם (bēn ʾā·ḏām)1 low class person, formally, son of man, i.e., a person of low status, implying poverty (Ps 49:3[EB 2]); 9. LN 9.1–9.23 unit: בֵּן אָדָם (bēn ʾā·ḏām)1 human, formally, son of man, i.e., a person who is in the class of humanity, as contrasted to other classes of supernatural beings (Eze 2:1); 10. LN 87.19–87.57 unit: בֵּן אִֵישׁ (bēn ʾêš)1 nobility, formally, son of man, i.e., one of high social status and means (Ps 49:3[EB 2]; 62:10[EB 9]); 11. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: בֵּן אֵל (bēn ʾēl)5 heavenly being, angel, formally, son of God, i.e., a supernatural being, created, with a special focus of being in a unique class (Ps 29:3; 89:7[EB 6]; Hos 2:1+); 12. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: בֵּן הַ־ אֱלֹהִים (bēn hǎ- ʾělō·hîm) heavenly being, angel, formally, son of God, i.e., a supernatural being, created, with a special focus of being in a unique class (Job 1:6); 13. LN 4.33 unit: בֵּן אָתוֹן (bēn ʾā·ṯôn) foal, i.e., the offspring of a female donkey (Ge 49:11; Zec 9:9+); 14. LN 10.49 unit: בֵּן בֶּטֶן ־ִי (bēn bě·ṭěn i-y) brother, formally, son of my womb (Job 19:17); 15. LN 88.139–88.143 unit: בֵּן בְּלִיַּעַל (bēn beliy·yǎ·ʿǎl) wicked men (Dt 13:14[EB 13]); 16. LN 39.34–39.41 unit: בֵּן בְּלִיַּעַל (bēn beliy·yǎ·ʿǎl) troublemakers, i.e., one who is a lawbreaker and unruly and so rebellious (1Sa 10:27); 17. LN 4.1–4.37 unit: בֵּן בָּקָר (bēn bā·qār) calf, i.e., the offspring of cattle (Ge 18:7); 18. LN 4.1–4.37 unit: פַּר בֵּן בָּקָר (pǎr bēn bā·qār) young bull (Nu 7:15); 19. LN 11.12–11.54 unit: בֵּן גּוֹלָה (bēn gô·lā(h)) exiled population, formally, son of exile, i.e., a socio-political group vanquished to live in another place (Ezr 4:1–10:16 passim); 20. LN 9.41–9.45 unit: בֵּן זְנוּנִים (bēn zenû·nîm) illegitimate child, formally, son of a prostitution (Hos 2:6+); 21. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: בֵּן חַיִל (bēn ḥǎ·yil) brave soldier, formally, son of strength, i.e., an elite fighting soldier (2Sa 17:10); 22. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: בֵּן חֹדֶשׁ (bēn ḥō·ḏěš)1 a month old, formally, son of a month (Nu 3:15); 23. LN 53.66–53.95 unit: בֵּן הַ־ יִצְהָר (bēn hǎ- yiṣ·hār)1 anointed leader, formally, son of olive oil, i.e., one who is called to special service and authority, possibly having a ceremony of a small amount of olive oil poured upon their head (Zec 4:14+); 24. LN 67.78–67.117 unit: בֵּן לַיְלָה הָיָה (bēn lǎy·lā(h) hā·yā(h)) grow and mature very fast, formally, son of night, i.e., become mature plant in a time period of overnight (Jnh 4:10); 25. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: בֵּן מֶלֶךְ (bēn mě·lěḵ)1 prince, formally, son of the king (Jdg 8:18); 26. LN 33.387–33.403 unit: בֵּן עָוָה הַ־ מַרְדּוּת (bēn ʿā·wā(h) hǎ- mǎr·dûṯ) (TLB) son of a bitch, (NLT) son of a whore, formally, son of a perverse and rebellious woman, i.e., a person of very low status, naming one as a class of person of insult and shame (1Sa 20:30+); 27. LN 39.34–39.41 unit: בֵּן מְרִי (bēn merî) rebel, formally, son of rebellion, i.e., one in a state of revolt, implying a guilty or sinful state (Nu 17:25[EB 10]+); 28. LN 57.125–57.141 unit: בֵּן מֶשֶׁק (bēn mě·šěq) inheritor, i.e., one who inherits (Ge 15:2+); 29. LN 11.55–11.89 unit: בֵּן נֵכָר (bēn nē·ḵār) foreigner, formally, son of a foreign land, i.e., one with no kinship ties (2Sa 22:45); 30. LN 88.105–88.125 unit: בֵּן עַלְוָה (bēn ʿǎl·wā(h))1 evil-doer, formally, son of wickedness, i.e., a person who does bad or evil (Hos 10:9+); 31. LN 22.15–22.20 unit: בֵּן עֳנִי (bēn ʿǒnî) the oppressed, i.e., a class of persons that experience hardship and trouble (Pr 31:5+); 32. LN 3.47–3.59 unit: בֵּן פָּרָה (bēn pā·rā(h))1 fruitful vine, formally, son of a fruit-bearer, i.e., a very productive vine or bough producing fruit (Ge 49:22); 33. LN 3.47–3.59 unit: בֵּן פֹּרָת (bēn pō·rāṯ) budding vine, fruitful vine, formally, son of being fruitful, i.e., a vine with plenteous buds or blossoms on it (Ge 49:22+); 34. LN 2.49–2.62 unit: בֵּן הַ־ צֹרְפִי (bēn hǎ- ṣō·rep̄î) member of goldsmiths guild, i.e., one who identifies completely with a group of gold-craftsmen (Ne 3:31+), note: for other groups and classes of persons, see LN 11; 35. LN 6.29–6.40 unit: בֵּן קֶשֶׁת (bēn qě·šěṯ) arrow, formally, son of the bow, i.e., the sharp-tipped projectile that a bow shoots (Job 41:20[EB 28]+); 36. LN 4.1–4.37 unit: בֵּן רְאֵם (bēn reʾēm) adolescent wild ox, i.e., a non-domestic ox likely under two years old (Ps 29:6+); 37. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: בֵּן רְבִיעִי (bēn reḇî·ʿî) fourth generation, formally, sons of the fourth, i.e., a successive generation after the third generation (2Ki 10:30; 15:12+); 38. LN 14.63–14.73 unit: בֵּן רֶשֶׁף (bēn rě·šěp̄)1 sparks, formally, sons of flame, i.e., very small particles of burning material, often floating upward off the hot-rising air of an open fire (Job 5:7+); 39. LN 4.1–4.37 unit: בֵּן שַׁחַץ (bēn šǎ·ḥǎṣ) dignified beast, i.e., an animal with a proud look as it walks (Job 28:8+), note: in context, a lion; 40. LN 39.42–39.44 unit: בֵּן שָׁאוֹן (bēn šā·ʾôn)2 noisy person, formally, son of uproar, i.e., a person who is loud and causes tumult (Jer 48:45+), note: this refers to the soldiers as noisy boasters, see also domain LN 55.14–55.22; 41. LN 88.206–88.222 unit: בֵּן שַׁחַץ (bēn šǎ·ḥǎṣ) the proud, i.e., a person who exhibits a self-confidence which is not warranted, and so exhibits haughtiness and arrogance (Job 41:26[EB 34]+); 42. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: בֵּן שַׁחַר (bēn šǎ·ḥǎr) Son of the Dawn, i.e., one who is an offspring of the pagan deity Shachar (Isa 14:12+); 43. LN 59.48–59.61 unit: בֵּן שֶׁמֶן (bēn šě·měn) fertility, formally, son of olive oil, i.e., a state of fertility which produces an abundance of a thing, so giving an ease of life, with a special focus on the land which produces the abundance (Isa 5:1; 28:1, 4); 44. LN 67.142–67.162 unit: בֵּן (bēn) … שָׁנָה (šā·nā(h)) 2 [certain age] old, formally, son of [certain age] years, i.e., a marker of a period of time as an age of a male (Ge 5:32); 45. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: בֵּן־שָׁנָה (bēn-·šā·nā(h))2 one-year-old male, i.e., pertaining to one complete year (Ex 12:5); 46. LN 37.114–37.118 unit: בֵּן תְּמוּתָה (bēn temû·ṯā(h)) death row inmates, formally, sons of death, i.e., those of a class of prisoner condemned to death (Ps 79:11; 102:21[EB 20]+); 47. LN 57.152–57.171 unit: בֵּן הַ־ תַּעֲרוּבוֹת (bēn hǎ- tǎ·ʿǎrû·ḇôṯ) hostage, formally, son of the pledge, i.e., a person that is held in pledge for the fulfillment of an obligation or a ransom payment, making them a commodity, much like a slave (2Ki 14:14; 2Ch 25:24+), see also domain LN 87.76–87.86; note: for MT text in as n.pr. 1Ch 15:18, see 1202; note: for MT text in 2Sa 23:36; Ezr 10:38, see 1220; note: further study may yield more domains

1202 II. בֵּן (bēn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1122;—LN 93-pers. (male) (KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASB, Tanakh) Ben: Levite musician (1Ch 15:18+), note: NIV (with most versions) considers it an addition to the text

1203 בֶּן־אֲבִינָדָב (běn-·ʾǎḇî·nā·ḏāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1125;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ben-Abinadab: son-in-law of Solomon (1Ki 4:11+)

1204 בֶּן־אוֹנִי (běn-·ʾô·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1126;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ben-Oni (Ge 35:18+), see also 1228(1.)

1205 בֶּן־גֶּבֶר (běn-·gě·ḇěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1127;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ben-Geber: an officer of provisions (1Ki 4:13+)

1206 בֶּן־דֶּקֶר (běn-·dě·qěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1128;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ben-Deker: officer of Solomon (1Ki 4:9+)

1207 בֶּן־הֲדַד (běn-·hǎḏǎḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1130;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ben-Hadad: 1. Ben-Hadad I (1Ki 15:18, 20) 2. Ben-Hadad II (1Ki 20:1–33) 3. Ben-Hadad III (2Ki 8:7, 9; 13:3, 24, 25)

1208 בֶּן־הִנֹּם (běn-·hin·nōm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2011;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ben Hinnom: valley to the W and S of Jerusalem (Jos 15:8; 18:16; 2Ki 23:10; 2Ch 28:3; 33:6; Jer 7:31, 32; 19:2, 6; 32:35+), see also 2183

1209 בֶּן־זוֹחֵת (běn-·zô·ḥēṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1132;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ben-Zoheth: of Judah (1Ch 4:20+)

1210 בֶּן־חוּר (běn-·ḥûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1133;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ben-Hur: an officer of provisions (1Ki 4:8+)

1211 בֶּן־חַיִל (běn-·ḥǎ·yil): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1134;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ben-Hail: teacher sent to Judah (2Ch 17:7+)

1212 בֶּן־חָנָן (běn-·ḥā·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1135;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ben-Hanan: of Judah (1Ch 4:20+)

1213 בֶּן־חֶסֶד (běn-·ḥě·sěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1136;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ben-Hesed: an officer of provisions (1Ki 4:10+)

1214 בֶּן־עַמִּי (běn-·ʿǎm·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1151;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ben-Ammi: of Lot, founder of the Ammonites (Ge 19:38+), see also 6648, 6649

בּנה (bnh) or בנה (bnh): see 1215, 1215.5

1215 בָּנָה (bā·nā(h)): v. [see also 1215.5]; ≡ Str 1129; TWOT 255—1. LN 45 (qal) make, build, rebuild, i.e., set up or erect, or a construction (Ge 8:20), note: this construction can be for any size, from a small object to a city; (qal pass.) be built (Jdg 6:28); (nif) be built (Nu 13:22); 2. LN 42.29–42.40 (qal) make, form, i.e., make something new, with a possible implication of using prior existing materials (Ge 2:22); 3. LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) procreate, make a family, formally, build up, i.e., have children through normal sexual behaviors (Ge 16:2; Dt 25:9); 4. LN 13.48–13.68 (nif) be restored, i.e., return to a prior existing state, as a change of state (Job 22:23); 5. LN 31.82–31.101 (nif) be established, i.e., establish a firm basis for a standard or practice (Ps 89:3[EB 2]); 6. LN 59.48–59.61 (nif) prosper, i.e., have an abundance (Mal 3:15)

בֹּנֶה (bō·ně(h)): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc. of 1215]; ≡ Str 1129; TWOT 255—LN 45 worker, craftsman, builder, i.e., one who builds and erects constructions (1Ki 5:32[EB 18]; 2Ki 12:12[EB 11]; 22:6; 2Ch 34:11; Ezr 3:10; Ps 118:22; 147:2; Eze 27:4+)

1216 בְּנֹב (benōḇ): n.pr.—LN 93-pers. (male) Benob: part of a compound name, Ishbi-Benob, see 3785, 3787

1217 בְּנוֹ (benô): n.pr. [KB, Holladay: apparently n.masc. + SUFF.]; ≡ Str 1121; TWOT 254—LN 93-pers. (male) Beno: of Aaron (1Ch 24:26, 27+), note: some versions read this as “his son” (1201 + 2257)

1218 בִּנּוּי (bin·nûy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1131;—LN 93-pers. (male) Binnui: 1. father of priest in Ezra’s temple (Ezr 8:33+) 2. wall builder (Ne 3:18, 24; 10:10[EB 9]+), note: for MT text in Ne 3:18, see 1002 3. returnee from the captivity (Ne 7:15+), see also 1220(6.) 4. father of a divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:38+) 5. divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:30+) 6. Levite who came back from the captivity (Ne 12:8+)

1219 בְּנוֹת (benôṯ): n.pr.—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Benoth: part of a compound name, Succoth Benoth, see 6112

1220 בָּנִי (bā·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1137;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bani: 1. one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:36+ MT) 2. of Judah, from Babylonian exile (1Ch 9:4+) 3. of Levi, ancestor of singer (1Ch 6:31[EB 46]+) 4. One or several Levites (Ne 3:17; 8:7; 10:13, 14[EB 14, 15]+) 5. father of a divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:29+) 6. a clan head (Ezr 2:10+), see also 1218(3.) 7. a divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:34+) 8. another levitical person or group (Ne 9:45+) 9. father of Uzzi (Ne 11:22+), note: for NIV text in 2Sa 23:36; Ezr 10:38, see 1201; note: Ezr 8:10 for NIV text, see NIV Study Bible ftn “u”, note: there may be overlap in the referents in these verses

1221 בֻּנִּי (bǔn·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1138;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bunni: 1. Levite with Ezra (Ne 9:4+) 2. sealer of covenant (Ne 10:16[EB 15]+) 3. Another leader (Ne 11:15+)

1222 בְּנֵי־בְרַק (benê-·ḇerǎq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1139;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bene Berak: town of Dan, (Jos 19:45+)

1223 בְּנֵי יַעֲקָן (benê yǎ·ʿǎqān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1142;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bene Jaakan: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:31, 32+), see also 942

1224 בִּנְיָה (bin·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1140; TWOT 255a—LN 7.2–7.25 a building, i.e., a construction (Eze 41:13+)

1225 בְּנָיָה (benā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1141;—LN 93-pers. (male) Benaiah: 1. a great warrior for David (2Sa 23:20+), see also 1226(1.) 2. another great warrior for David (1Ch 11:31; 27:14+) see 1226(2.) 3. of Simeon (1Ch 4:36+) 4. see 1226(3.) 5. see 1226(4.) 6. grandfather of Jahaziel (2Ch 20:14+) 7. see 1226(5.) 8. a divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:25+) 9. another divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:30+) 10. yet another divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:35+) 11. still another divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:43+) 12. father of Pelatiah (Eze 11:13+), see 1226(6.)

1226 בְּנָיָהוּ (benā·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1141;—LN 93-pers. (male) Benaiahu (Benaiah NIV): 1. a great warrior for David (2Sa 8:18), see 1225(1.) 2. another great warrior for David (2Sa 23:30), see 1225(2.) 3. Levite musician (1Ch 15:18, 20) 4. trumpet sounder (1Ch 15:24) 5. overseer for Hezekiah (2Ch 31:13) 6. father of Pelatiah (Eze 11:1+), see 1225(12.)

1227 בֵּנַיִם (bē·nǎ·yim): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1143; TWOT 239a—1. LN 83.9–83.17 space between two entities facing each other, as a spatial orientation (1Sa 17:4, 23+); 2. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: אִישׁ הַ־ בֵּנַיִם (ʾîš hǎ- bē·nǎ·yim)champion, very mighty soldier, formally, a man of the space between, i.e., single fighter who stands in the gap of two lines of opposing armies (1Sa 17:4, 23+)

1228 בִּנְיָמִין (bin·yā·mîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1144; TWOT 254a—LN 93-pers. Benjamin: 1. of Jacob-Rachel (Ge 35:18), see also 1204 2. a descendant of Benjamin (1Ch 7:10) 3. a divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:32) 4. a wall builder (Ne 3:23) 5. the tribe named after 1 (Nu 26:41)

בִּנְיָמִין (bin·yā·mîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1144; TWOT 254a—1. LN 93-place (loc.) Benjamin: area generally 10 miles, N, NE, and NW of Jerusalem (Jdg 21:21; 1Sa 9:16; Jer 1:1; Eze 48:24); 2. LN 93-place Benjamin Gate: an entrance area (Jer 20:2; 37:13; 38:7; Eze 48:32; Zec 14:10+)

1229 בֶּן־יְמִינִי (běn-·yemî·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1145;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Benjamite: pertaining to Benjamin (Jdg 3:15; 19:16; 1Sa 9:21; 22:7; 2Sa 16:11; 19:17[EB 16]; 1Ki 2:8; 1Ch 27:12; Ps 7:1[title]+), see also 1228, 3549

1230 בִּנְיָן (bin·yān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1146; TWOT 255a—1. LN 7.26–7.53 rear part of a building (Eze 41:12,15+), note: possibly the entire building; 2. LN 7.26–7.53 a strong, thick outer wall of a building (Eze 40:5+); 3. LN 7.2–7.25 a whole building (Eze 42:1, 5, 10+)

1231 בְּנִינוּ (benî·nû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1148;—LN 93-pers. (male) Beninu: signer of the covenant (Ne 10:14[EB 13]+)

1232 בִּנְעָא (bin·ʿā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1150;—LN 93-pers. (male) Binea: of Saul and Jonathan (1Ch 8:37; 9:43+)

1233 בְּסוֹדְיָה (besô·ḏeyā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1152;—LN 93-pers. (male) Besodeiah: father of gate repairer (Ne 3:6+)

1234 בֵּסַי (bē·sǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1153;—LN 93-pers. (male) Besai: father of temple servants (Ezr 2:49; Ne 7:52+)

בסס (bss) Holladay: see 1008

1235 בֹּסֶר (bō·sěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1154, 1155; TWOT 257a—1. LN 3.33–3.46 unripe fruit, sour fruit, i.e., grapes too early in maturity for pleasant consumption, green, hard, lacking natural sugars (Job 15:33; Jer 31:29, 30; Eze 18:2+), note: in each context grapes are the fruit; 2. LN 3.33–3.46 unit: בֹּסֶר גָּמַל (bō·sěr gā·mǎl) nearly ripe fruit, formally, a weaned sour grape, i.e., a grape cluster at, or very nearly at the mature state for harvest and consumption (Isa 18:5+)

1236 בַּעֲבוּר (bǎ·ʿǎḇûr): c.—see 928 + 6288

1237 I. בַּעַד (bǎ·ʿǎḏ): prep.; ≡ Str 1157; TWOT 258a—1. LN 83.33–83.41 behind, back of, i.e., a marker of a position which is anterior in relation to another position (Jdg 3:23); 2. LN 84.29–84.33 through, i.e., a marker of an extension along a path or direction to another point of space (Joel 2:9); 3. LN 83.48–83.54 over, i.e., a marker above another position, with or without contact (Jdg 3:22); 4. LN 83.18–83.22 around, i.e., a marker of a position or series of positions which create a perimeter; partial or a complete circle (Ps 3:4[EB 3]; Ps 139:11); 5. LN 84.1–84.15 from, i.e., a marker of an extension from a source (Ge 26:8); 6. LN 90.36–90.42 for benefit of, on behalf of, to, toward, i.e., a marker of a participant who is benefited by an event or on whose behalf an event takes place (1Sa 7:5, 9); 7. LN 57.142–57.145 unit: עוֹר בַּעַד עוֹר (ʿôr bǎ·ʿǎḏ ʿôr) fair exchange, formally, skin for skin, i.e., possessions and family in exchange for one’s life (Job 2:4); note: some suggest the object of reciprocation for taking away Job’sing. family and possessions will be the LORD, i.e., Job will attack and curse יהוה (yhwh) as the law of fair retribution Lex Talionis, note: there are many differing meanings proposed for this idiom, see WBC17:44

1238 II. בַּעַד (bǎ·ʿǎḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1157; TWOT 258a—LN 57.172–57.177 (RSV, NAB, NJB, NRSV, NEB, REB, Holladay) price, payment, fee, i.e., a gift which is given in a quid pro quo as an exchange for a service (Pr 6:26+), note: NIV, most versions, parse as 1237

בּעה (bʿh)[1] or בעה (bʿh) [1] KB, Holladay: see 1239

בּעה (bʿh)[2] or בעה (bʿh) [2] KB, Holladay: see 1240

1239 I. בָּעָה (bā·ʿā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1158; TWOT 259—1. LN 33.161–33.177 (qal) ask, inquire, i.e., speak inquisitive words (Isa 21:12+); 2. LN 57.232–57.248 (nif) be pillaged, be ransacked, i.e., be plundered as a large scale mob looting (Ob 6+)

1240 II. בָּעָה (bā·ʿā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1158; TWOT 259—1. LN 79.70–79.77 (qal) cause to boil, i.e., make liquid very hot (Isa 64:1[EB 2]+); 2. LN 16 (nif) bulge, be swelled out, i.e., pertaining to a bending action of a wall (a non-linear movement), implying a weak, defective wall, immanent of collapse (Isa 30:13+)

1241 בְּעוּלָה (beʿû·lā(h)): n.pr. [oth adj. of 1241.5 or v.fem.ptcp.pass. of 1249]; ≡ Str 1166; TWOT 262—LN 93-place (loc.) Beulah: symbolic name for Jerusalem (Isa 62:4+)

בְּעוּלָה (beʿû·lā(h)): adj. [served by 1249]; ≡ Str 1166; TWOT 262—LN 10.53–10.61 married, i.e., pertaining to a woman in a marriage relationship to a man (Ge 20:3; Dt 22:22; Isa 54:1+), note: for NIV parsing, see qal pass. 1249; see also 3731

1242 בְּעוֹר (beʿôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1160;—LN 93-pers. (male) Beor: 1. father of Balaam (Nu 22:5; 24:3, 15; 31:8; Dt 23:5[EB 4]; Jos 13:22; 24:9; Mic 6:5+) 2. Father of a king of Edom (Ge 36:32; 1Ch 1:43+)

1243 בִּעוּת (bi·ʿûṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1161; TWOT 265b—LN 38.1–38.13 (pl.) terrors, horrors, i.e., events that cause fear and destruction or death, with some focus on the wrath of the punisher (Job 6:4; Ps 88:17[EB 16]+)

בִּעוּתִים (bi·ʿû·ṯîm): see 1243

1244 I. בֹּעַז (bō·ʿǎz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1162;—LN 93-pers. (male) Boaz: of Bethlehem, second husband of Ruth (Ru 2:1–4:21 passim; 1Ch 2:11, 12+)

1245 II. בֹּעַז (bō·ʿǎz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1162; TWOT 260a—LN 93-place (loc.) Boaz: temple pillar (1Ki 7:21; 2Ch 3:17+), note: BDB offers several etymological explanations of what was the meaning of this now cryptic title

בּעט (bʿṭ) or בעט (bʿṭ): see 1246

1246 בָּעַט (bā·ʿǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 1163; TWOT 261—1. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal) kick up, make a motion with the legs, with a strong implication of stubbornness (Dt 32:15+), note: cf. also domain LN 39.18–39.20; 2. LN 88.192–88.197 (qal) despise, formally, kick in scorn, i.e., a figurative extension of the leg in a striking or hitting motion (1Sa 2:29+)

1247 בְּעִי (beʿî): see 928 + 6505 (Job 30:24+), see BHS ftn for alt. text suggestion

בַּעְיָם (bǎʿ·yām): see 928 + 6522 (Isa 11:15+)

1248 בְּעִיר (beʿîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1165; TWOT 264a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 grazingstock, livestock, animals that graze, i.e., likely cattle are in mind, but some contexts may include other large grazing mammals that are not sheep or goats (Ex 22:4; Nu 20:4, 8, 11; Ps 78:48+); 2. LN 4.1–4.37 donkey, i.e., a grazing beast of burden (Ge 45:17+)

בּעל (bʿl)[1] or I. בעל (bʿl): see 1249

בּעל (bʿl)[2] or II. בעל (bʿl): see 1250

1249 I. בָּעַל (bā·ʿǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1166; TWOT 262—1. LN 34.66–34.78 (qal) marry, i.e., to have a husband take a wife, or (as a wife) be taken by a husband in matrimony (Dt 21:13; 24:1; Isa 54:5; 62:5; Jer 3:14; 31:32; Mal 2:11+); (qal pass.) be married (Ge 20:3; Dt 22:22; Isa 54:1+), note: Isa 54:1 as afem. see also 1241; (nif) be married (Pr 30:23; Isa 62:4+); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 (qal) rule over, i.e., have rulership and governance (1Ch 4:22; Isa 26:13+), possibly Jer 3:14; 31:32 go here as well; note: Tanakh reads as 1041; also NEB, REB “patient” with an unknown alt. text

1250 II. בָּעַל (bā·ʿǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1167; TWOT 262a—LN 42.29–42.40 (qal ptcp.) create, make, i.e., pertaining to one who forms an object, presumably from already existing materials (Isa 54:5+), note: most versions parse as 1249, with which the editor concurs

1251 I. בַּעַל (bǎ·ʿǎl): n.masc. [see also 1251.5]; ≡ Str 1167; TWOT 262a—1. LN 57.1–57.21 owner, possessor, master, those who have, i.e., one who owns possessions, and controls the movement and/or activities of them, either inanimate or animate, including animals (Ex 12:28); 2. LN 10.53–10.61 husband, lord, i.e., the male marriage partner to a female, with a focus on the authoritative position of the male partner over the wife (Ex 12:22); 3. LN 11.55–11.89 citizen, i.e., one who is fully identified with political entity such as a kingdom or city (Nu 21:28); 4. LN 37.48–37.95 ruler, leader, i.e., one who has authority and control over a group of people (Isa 16:8); 5. LN 89.4–89.7 with, i.e., a marker of specification (2Ki 1:8; Isa 41:15); 6. LN 13.69–13.103 have, be filled with, i.e., be in a certain state of existence as a figurative extension of possessing an object (Pr 16:22; Na 1:2); 7. LN 92.11–92.25 one, somebody, a person, i.e., a marker of an indefinite pronoun (Ge 14:13; 37:19; 49:23; Dt 15:2; 2Sa 1:6; Ne 6:18; Pr 1:17; 18:9; 22:24; 23:2; 24:8; 29:22; Ecc 10:11; 10:20; Isa 50:8; Da 8:6, 20), note: often with a helper word; 8. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: בַּעַל אֲסֻפּוֹת (bǎ·ʿǎl ʾǎsǔp·pôṯ) a collection of sayings (Ecc 12:11+); 9. LN 53.66–53.95 unit: בַּעַל הַ־ חֲלוֹם (bǎ·ʿǎl hǎ- ḥǎlôm) interpreter of dreams, formally, lord of dreams, i.e., one who is of a prophetic class with a special ability to understand the meaning of dreams (Ge 37:19), note: though likely said sarcastically, Joseph manifests this ability in Ge 40:5ff, note: this may have a more common meaning of “dreamer,” i.e., one who dreams, see LN 33.476–33.489; 10. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: בַּעַל חֵץ (bǎ·ʿǎl ḥēṣ) archer, formally, lord of arrows, i.e., one who shoots arrows very well (Ge 49:23+); 11. LN 53.96–53.101 unit: בַּעַל הַ־ לָשׁוֹן (bǎ·ʿǎl hǎ- lā·šôn) charmer, formally, lord of the tongue, i.e., one who charms deadly snakes through soothing sounds of some kind, possibly music, or whispering, as a technical skill (Ecc 10:11); 12. LN 57.209–57.218 unit: בַּעַל מַשֶּׁה יָד ־ֹו (bǎ·ʿǎl mǎš·šě(h) yāḏ ō-w) creditor, formally, lord of a loan of his hand, i.e., one who gives credit and loans to debtors (Dt 15:2+); 13. LN 20.31–20.60 unit: בַּעַל מַשְׁחִית (bǎ·ʿǎl mǎš·ḥîṯ) destroyer, formally, lord of destruction, i.e., one who causes destruction and death (Pr 18:9+); 14. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: בַּעַל פְּקִדֻת (bǎ·ʿǎl peqi·ḏǔṯ) captain of the guard, formally, lord of the oversight, i.e., one in charge of soldiers who guard the city (Jer 37:13+); 15. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: בַּעַל הַ־ פָּרָשׁ (bǎ·ʿǎl hǎ- pā·rāš)1 horse rider, formally, lord of the horse, i.e., a cavalry rider in an army (2Sa 1:6); 16. LN 39.1–39.12 unit: מִי בַּעַל דָּבָר (mî bǎ·ʿǎl dā·ḇār) disputer, formally, whoever is master of the word, i.e., one in a hostile position to another (Ex 24:14+), note: in context, a civil dispute

בַּעַל (bǎ·ʿǎl): n.pr. [served by 1251]; ≡ Str 1167; TWOT 262a—LN 93-place Baal: (loc.) town of Dan (1Ch 4:33+), note: for NIV text see 1272, possibly related to 1273; also part of a compound name, see 1081, 1253-1265, 1200, 5311

1252 II. בַּעַל (bǎ·ʿǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1168, 1181;—LN 93-pers. Baal: 1. (loc.) see 1251.5(2.) 2. (male) of Reuben (1Ch 5:5+) 3. (male) of Benjamin (1Ch 8:30; 1Ch 9:36+) 4. for deity, see 1252.5

בַּעַל (bǎ·ʿǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1168, 1181;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) deity of Canaan (Jdg 2:13; 6:25, 28; 1Ki 16:30, 32)

1253 בַּעַל בְּרִית (bǎ·ʿǎl berîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1170;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Baal-Berith: a local god (Jdg 8:33; 9:4+), note: בַּעֲלֵי בְּרִית־ (bǎ·ʿǎlê berîṯ-) (Ge 14:13), see 1251 + 1382

1254 בַּעַל גָּד (bǎ·ʿǎl gāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1171;—LN 93-place (loc.) Baal Gad: town of Mt. Hermon (Jos 11:17; 12:7; 13:5+)

1255 בַּעַל הָמוֹן (bǎ·ʿǎl hā·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1174;—LN 93-place (loc.) Baal Hamon: currently unknown site (SS 8:11+)

1256 בַּעַל זְבוּב (bǎ·ʿǎl zeḇûḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1176;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Baal-Zebub: local god of Ekron (2Ki 1:2, 3, 6, 16+)

1257 בַּעַל חָנָן (bǎ·ʿǎl ḥā·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1177;—LN 93-pers. (male) Baal-Hanan: 1. King of Edom (Ge 36:38, 39; 1Ch 1:49, 50+) 2. official of royal orchards (1Ch 27:28+)

1258 בַּעַל חָצוֹר (bǎ·ʿǎl ḥā·ṣôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1178;—LN 93-place (loc.) Baal Hazor: place near Ephraim, 15 miles NNE of Jerusalem, (2Sa 13:23+), note: some relate to 2937(3.)

1259 בַּעַל חֶרְמוֹן (bǎ·ʿǎl ḥěr·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1179;—LN 93-place (loc.) Baal Hermon: site of Manasseh, E of the Jordan (Jdg 3:3; 1Ch 5:23+)

1260 בַּעַל מְעוֹן (bǎ·ʿǎl meʿôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1186;—LN 93-place (loc.) Baal Meon: of Reuben, town in Transjordan, note: also called 1274, 1081, and 1110 (Nu 32:38; 1Ch 5:8; Eze 25:9+)

1261 בַּעַל פְּעוֹר (bǎ·ʿǎl peʿôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1187;—LN 93-place (loc.) Baal Peor: high point in Moab in which Baal was worshiped, possibly near Mt. Nebo (Dt 4:3; Hos 9:10+), see also 7186

1262 בַּעַל־פְּרָצִים (bǎ·ʿǎl-·perā·ṣîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1188;—LN 93-place (loc.) Baal Perazim: place currently not known for certain, possibly Mt. Perazim (2Sa 5:20; 1Ch 14:11+), possibly cf. Isa 28:21, 7292

בַּעַל צְפוֹן (bǎ·ʿǎl ṣep̄ôn): see 1263

1263 בַּעַל צְפֹן (bǎ·ʿǎl ṣep̄ōn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1189;—LN 93-place (loc.) Baal Zephon: currently unknown place in Egypt, possibly in area of Bitter Lakes (Ex 14:2, 9; Nu 33:7+)

1264 בַּעַל שָׁלִשָׁה (bǎ·ʿǎl šā·li·šā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1190;—LN 93-place (loc.) Baal Shalishah: currently unknown place (2Ki 4:42+)

1265 בַּעַל תָּמָר (bǎ·ʿǎl tā·mār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1193;—LN 93-place (loc.) Baal Tamar: place of Gibeah in Benjamin (Jdg 20:33+)

1266 I. בַּעֲלָה (bǎ·ʿǎlā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1172, 1180; TWOT 262b—1. LN 37.48–37.95 mistress, ruler, i.e., one with authority over the magic arts and dead spirits (1Sa 28:7; Na 3:4+); 2. LN 57.1–57.21 female owner, i.e., one who has a possession (1Ki 17:17); 3. LN 33.281–33.285 unit: בַּעֲלָה אוֹב (bǎ·ʿǎlā(h) ʾôḇ)2 medium, i.e., one who tells the future and converses with spirits (1Sa 28:7+); 4. LN 33.281–33.285 unit: בַּעֲלָה כֶּשֶׁף (bǎ·ʿǎlā(h) kě·šěp̄) sorceress, i.e., one who uses ritual and other devices to tell the future (Na 3:4+)

1267 II. בַּעֲלָה (bǎ·ʿǎlā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1173;—LN 93-place (loc.) Baalah: 1. border town between Judah and Benjamin, (Jos 15:9; 2Sa 6:2; 1Ch 13:6+), see also 7958 and 7961, note: for MT text in 1Sa 6:2, see 1251 2. border area of Judah, called Mt. Baalah (Jos 15:11+) 3. a town in northern Negev, i.e., southern Judah (Jos 15:10, 29+), also called 1163, 1168

1268 בְּעָלוֹת (beʿā·lôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1175;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bealoth: 1. a town or district of Asher (1Ki 4:16+), note: some parse as 928 + 6599 2. a town in Judah (Jos 15:24+)

1269 בְּעֶלְיָדָע (beʿěl·yā·ḏāʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1182;—LN 93-pers. (male) Beeliada: son of David (1Ch 14:7+), see also 486

1270 בְּעַלְיָה (beʿǎl·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1183, 1184;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bealiah: of Benjamin (1Ch 12:6[EB 5]+)

בַּעַלְיָה (bǎ·ʿǎl·yā(h)) BDB: see 1270

1271 בַּעֲלִיס (bǎ·ʿǎlîs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1185;—LN 93-pers. (male) Baalis: king of Ammon (Jer 40:14+)

1272 בַּעֲלָת (bǎ·ʿǎlāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1191;—LN 93-place (loc.) Baalath: town of Dan, (Jos 19:44; 1Ki 9:18; 1Ch 4:33; 2Ch 8:6+), note: for MT text in 1Ch 4:33, see 1251.5

1273 בַּעֲלַת בְּאֵר (bǎ·ʿǎlǎṯ beʾēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1192;—LN 93-place (loc.) Baalath Beer: town of Simeon (Jos 19:8+), note: possibly related to 1251.5

1274 בְּעֹן (beʿōn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1194;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beon: place E of the Jordan, of Gad and Reuben (Nu 32:3+), note: also called 1260

1275 בַּעֲנָא (bǎ·ʿǎnā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1195;—LN 93-pers. (male) Baana: 1. a provision officer (1Ki 4:16+) 2. another provision officer (1Ki 4:12+) 3. father of a Zadok, see 7401(5.) (Ne 3:4+), note: some relate to 1274(3.)

1276 בַּעֲנָה (bǎ·ʿǎnā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1196;—LN 93-pers. (male) Baanah: 1. murderer of Ish-Bosheth (2Sa 4:2, 5, 6, 9+) 2. father of a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:30; 2Sa 23:29+) 3. one in the entourage of Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:2; Ne 7:7+), note: some relate to 1275(2.) 4. a chief of the people (Ne 10:28[EB 27]+), note: some relate to 3.

בּער (bʿr)[1] or I. בער (bʿr): see 1277

בּער (bʿr)[2] or II. בער (bʿr): see 1278

בּער (bʿr)[3] or III. בער (bʿr): see 1279

1277 I. בָּעַר (bā·ʿǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1197; TWOT 263—1. LN 14.63–14.73 (qal) burn, i.e., a state or action of placing fire to combustible material (Ex 3:2); (piel) light a fire, kindle, set ablaze, i.e., burn material (Ex 35:3); (pual) be burning (Jer 36:22+); (hif) cause to burn, start a fire (Ex 22:5[EB 6]; Jdg 15:5, 5; Eze 5:2; Na 2:14[EB 13]+); 2. LN 20.61–20.88 (qal) kill, destroy, consume, formally, burn, i.e., the state or action of destroying an entity into non-existence as a figurative extension of fire consuming an object (1Ki 20:21); (piel) kill, destroy, consume, formally, burn (1Ki 21:21); (hif) kill, destroy, consume, formally, cause burning, (1Ki 16:3+); 3. LN 2.3–2.6 (qal) blaze forth, i.e., the action or state of a flame being or making a bright light from fire (2Sa 22:13); 4. LN 53.16–53.27 (hif) make a burnt offering, i.e., make a sacrifice to a deity with an object which is burnable (2Ch 28:3+); 5. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: (qal) חֵמָה בָּעַר (ḥē·mā(h) bā·ʿǎr)1 be very angry, formally, burn with anger, i.e., be in an intense state of anger as a figurative extension of fire as both a hot and consuming action (Est 1:12)

1278 II. בָּעַר (bā·ʿǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1197; TWOT 263—1. LN 13.69–13.103 (piel) purge, remove, rid, i.e., have a condition or state no longer exist, with a focus on the action that cause the new state of non-existence, as a figurative extension of physically removing an object from one place to another (Jdg 20:13); 2. LN 23.1–23.39 (piel) graze, i.e., have animals eat plant material from the ground, trees, and shrubs, which would ruin a domesticated area such as a garden, orchard, or vineyard (Ex 22:4b); (hif) graze (Ex 22:4a); 3. LN 15.187–15.211 (piel) remove, take away, i.e., have an object be taken from one place to another (Dt 26:13); 4. LN 20.31–20.60 (piel) destroy, formally, graze, i.e., destroy an object as a figurative extension of having an animal graze in a domesticated area such as a garden, orchard, or vineyard (Isa 6:13)

1279 III. בָּעַר (bā·ʿǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1197; TWOT 263—1. LN 32.42–32.61 (qal) be senseless, i.e., to think and act. as a fool (Jer 10:8; Ps 94:8+), (nif) behave senseless (Isa 19:11; Jer 10:14, 21; 51:17+), note: in these contexts moral understanding based on obedience to the LORD, see also domain LN 88.206–88.222; 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal ptcp.) to be brutal, violent, i.e., to be destructive (Eze 21:36[EB 31]+)

1280 בַּעַר (bǎ·ʿǎr): n.masc. [see also 1280.5]; ≡ Str 1198; TWOT 264b—LN 32.42–32.61 senselessness, stupidity, folly, i.e., to lack understanding, implying arrogance or stubbornness (Ps 49:11[EB 10]; 92:7[EB 6]+)

בַּעַר (bǎ·ʿǎr): adj. [served by 1280]; ≡ Str 1198; TWOT 264b—LN 32.42–32.61 stupid, senseless, i.e., pertaining to lacking understanding, but implying other negative moral imperfections as well (Ps 73:22; Pr 12:1; 30:2+)

בְּעֹר (beʿōr) Holladay: see 1242 (Nu 24:3, 15+)

1281 בַּעֲרָא (bǎ·ʿǎrā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1199;—LN 93-pers. (female) Baara: divorced wife (1Ch 8:8+)

1282 בְּעֵרָה (beʿē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1200; TWOT 263a—LN 2.3–2.6 fire, i.e., the act. of burning things (Ex 22:5[EB 6]+), note: in context a brush fire or field fire; note: some translate as objective, and so “goods destroyed by fire.”

1283 בַּעֲשֵׂיָה (bǎ·ʿǎśē·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1202;—LN 93-pers. (male) Baaseiah: ancestor of Asaph, 666(1.) (1Ch 6:25[EB 40]+)

1284 בַּעְשָׁא (bǎʿ·šā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1201;—LN 93-pers. (male) Baasha: king of divided kingdom, i.e., Israel (1Ki 15:16–16:13 passim; 21:22; 2Ki 9:9; 2Ch 16:1–6 passim; Jer 41:9+)

1285 בְּעֶשְׁתְּרָה (beʿěš·terā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1203;—LN 93-place (loc.) Be Eshtarah: town of Manasseh E of the Jordan (Jos 21:27+), see also 6958

בּעת (bʿt) or בעת (bʿt): see 1286

1286 בָּעַת (bā·ʿǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 1204; TWOT 265—1. LN 25.251–25.269 (nif) be afraid, be terrified (1Ch 21:30; Est 7:6; Da 8:17+); (piel) torment, terrify, i.e., cause great fear (1Sa 16:14, 15; Job 7:14; 9:34; 13:11, 21; 15:24; 18:11; 33:7+), note: in the piel in some contexts there may be an implication of punishing another, possibly see domain LN 38.1–38.13; 2. LN 78.28–78.39 overwhelm, inundate, to completely cover over, a meaning of great degree (2Sa 22:5; Job 3:5; Ps 18:5[EB 4]); 3. LN 16 make tremble, i.e., a non-linear movement as a response to fear (Isa 21:4+)

1287 בְּעָתָה (beʿā·ṯā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1205; TWOT 265a—LN 25.251–25.269 terror, fear, i.e., a state that is not peaceful, so with a focus on the dismay or psychological elements of fear (Jer 8:15; 14:19+)

1288 בֹּץ (bōṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1206; TWOT 268a—1. LN 2.14–2.28 mud, silt, mire, i.e., wet dirt with a quality of immobilizing mobile creatures (Jer 38:22+); 2. LN 21.1–21.5 unit: רֶגֶל טָבַע בְּ־ הַ־ בֹץּ (rě·ḡěl ṭā·ḇǎʿ b- hǎ- ḇōṣ) be in trouble, formally, feet stuck in the mud, i.e., be in a circumstance of distress or danger that you cannot get out of by yourself (Jer 38:22+)

בֻּץ (bǔṣ) BDB: see 1009

בֵּצָה (bē·ṣā(h)) Holladay: see 1070 (Job 39:14+)

1289 בִּצָּה (biṣ·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1207; TWOT 268b—LN 1.69–1.78 marsh, swamp, i.e., a tract of soft, wet, water-logged land, often with wetland or lowland plants (Job 8:11; 40:21; Eze 47:11+), see also domain LN 1.51–1.59

1290 בָּצוּר (bā·ṣûr): adj. [BDB: qal ptcp.pass.masc.]; ≡ Str 1208; TWOT 270f—1. LN 7.2–7.25 fortified, strengthened, walled, impregnable, i.e., pertaining to an inaccessible area due to location and barriers that surround it (Nu 13:28; Dt 1:28; 3:5; 9:1; 28:52; Jos 14:12; 2Sa 20:6; 2Ki 18:13; 19:25; 2Ch 17:2; 19:5; 32:1; 33:14; Ne 9:25; Isa 2:15; 25:2; 27:10; 36:1; 37:26; Jer 15:20; Eze 21:25[EB 20]; 36:35; Hos 8:14; Zep 1:16; Zec 11:2 K+), note: Zec 11:2 Q see 1293; 2. LN 28.68–28.83 unsearchable, incomprehensible, i.e., pertaining to what is secret and not able to be known, as a figurative extension of a fortress as an inaccessible place (Jer 33:3+)

1291 בֵּצַי (bē·ṣǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1209;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bezai: 1. returnee from the Babylonian captivity (Ezr 2:17; Ne 7:23+) 2. signer of covenant (Ne 10:19[EB 18]+)

בֵּצָי (bē·ṣāy): see 1291

1292 I. בָּצִיר (bā·ṣîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1210; TWOT 270f—LN 43 grape harvest, the vintage, i.e., the produce yield from a vineyard (Lev 26:5; Jdg 8:2; Isa 24:13; 32:10; Jer 48:32; Mic 7:1+), note: see also LN 3.33–3.46

1293 II. בָּצִיר (bā·ṣîr): adj.; ≡ Str 1210; TWOT 270f—LN 79.7–79.8 dense, thick, lush, formally, fortified, i.e., pertaining to a high number of a collection or mass in an amount of space, which can have an effect of being difficult to access or go through (Zec 11:2 Q+), note: for K see 1290; note: Holladay translates as “inaccessible.”

1294 בָּצָל (bā·ṣāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1211; TWOT 266a—LN 3.33–3.46 (pl.) onions, i.e., an herb with a pungent bulb, used as a food, Asian Allium cepa or one of a similar family of tubers (Nu 11:5+)

1295 בְּצַלְאֵל (beṣǎl·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1212;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bezalel: 1. a chief temple master craftsman (Ex 31:2; 35:30; 36:1, 2; 37:1; 38:22; 1Ch 2:20; 2Ch 1:5+) 2. a divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:30+)

1296 בַּצְלוּת (bǎṣ·lûṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1213;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bazluth: temple servant returnee (Ezr 2:52+), note: for MT text in Ne 7:54, see 1297

1297 בַּצְלִית (bǎṣ·lîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1213;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bazlith: temple servant returnee (Ne 7:54+), note: for NIV text, see 1296

1298 בָּצַע (bā·ṣǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 1214; TWOT 267—1. LN 23.88–23.128 (qal) cut off, i.e., a figurative extension of to die or be dead (Job 27:8+); 2. LN 20.61–20.88 (piel) cut off, i.e., as a figurative extension of kill (Job 6:9; Isa 38:12+); 3. LN 25.12–25.32 (qal) be greedy, to have a strong desire to make unjust gain (Ps 10:3; Pr 1:19; 15:27; Jer 6:13; 8:10; Eze 22:27; Hab 2:9+); (piel) (Eze 22:12+), note: see also domain LN 88.144–88.148; 4. LN 68.22–68.33 (piel) finish, fulfill, complete (Isa 10:12; La 2:17; Zec 4:9+); 5. LN 15.118–15.122 (qal) make downward movement, i.e., a falling movement (Am 9:1+), note: see also domain LN 16; 6. LN 15.148–15.155 unit: (qal) לֹא בָּצַע (lō(ʾ) bā·ṣǎʿ) not break ranks, i.e., have a military formation stay as it is in battle, with a focus on a linear motion that is in unison (Joel 2:8+)

1299 בֶּצַע (bě·ṣǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1215; TWOT 267a—1. LN 57.232–57.248 ill-gotten gain, dishonest gain, valuable things obtained by theft, deception, or other immoral actions (Ex 18:21; Isa 33:15); 2. LN 57.232–57.248 plunder, i.e., things gained by robbery after a military victory (Jdg 5:19); 3. LN 23.88–23.128 severing, a cutting off, i.e., a figurative extension of cutting thread or material as a figure for dying (Jer 51:13+); 4. LN 65.40–65.51 gain, advantage, i.e., of benefit (Ge 37:26; Mal 3:14); 5. LN 25.12–25.32 greed, i.e., a strong desire for material things in various ways (Isa 57:17)

בצענים (bṣʿnym) BDB: see 1300

1300 בְּצַעֲנַנִּים (beṣǎ·ʿǎnǎn·nîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6815;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bezaanannim: place on S border of Naphtali (Jos 19:33; Jdg 4:11+), note: NIV, other versions, see 7588, note: NEB, REB, NJB, Tanakh make this part of a compound name, 471 + 1300

בּצק (bṣq) or בצק (bṣq): see 1301

1301 I. בָּצֵק (bā·ṣēq): v.; ≡ Str 1216; TWOT 269—LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) swell, be swollen, i.e., the addition of blood and fluid to a part of the body due to some kind of repetitive injury from walking on ground without adequate protection to the feet (Dt 8:4; Ne 9:21+), note: some suggest blisters on the skin of the feet

1302 II. בָּצֵק (bā·ṣēq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1217; TWOT 269a—LN 63.9–63.12 dough, i.e., grain flour mixed with water and/or other substances (Ex 12:34, 39; 2Sa 13:8; Jer 7:18; Hos 7:4+), note: see also domain LN 5.1–5.22

1303 בִּצְקָלוֹן (biṣ·qā·lôn): n.[masc.]—LN 3.33–3.46 ear of grain, i.e., the fruit, husk, and upper stem of a cereal grain plant (2Ki 4:42 cj), note: for MT text, see 928 + 7638 + 2257; note: NIV apparently does not translate, for stylistic reasons for the English reader

1304 בָּצְקַת (bāṣ·qǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1218;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bozkath: town in Shephelah in Judah (Jos 15:39; 2Ki 22:1+)

בּצר (bṣr)[1] or I. בצר (bṣr): see 1305, 1308

בּצר (bṣr)[2] or II. בצר (bṣr): see 1306

בּצר (bṣr)[3] or III. בצר (bṣr): see 1307

בּצר (bṣr)[4] Holladay: see 1308

בְּצָר (beṣār) Holladay: see 928 + 7639

1305 I. בָּצַר (bā·ṣǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1219; TWOT 270—LN 43 (qal) harvest fruit, i.e., gather fruit of plants by cutting off the clusters from the vines, when they are mature for picking (Lev 25:5, 11; Dt 24:21; Jdg 9:27; Jer 6:9; 49:9; Ob 5+), note: Jer 6:27 cj+, note: for another solution, see 1308

1306 II. בָּצַר (bā·ṣǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1219; TWOT 270—LN 88.51–88.58 (qal) unit: בָּצַר רוּחַ (bā·ṣǎr rûaḥ) humble, formally, cuts off the spirit, i.e., brings one of a high status to a low status (Ps 76:13[EB 12]+), see also domain LN 87.58–87.75

1307 III. בָּצַר (bā·ṣǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1219; TWOT 270—1. LN 71.1–71.10 (nif) be impossible, i.e., be thwarted from a successful solution (Ge 11:6; Job 42:2+); 2. LN 74 (piel) fortify, i.e., strengthen a defensive structure (Isa 22:10; Jer 51:53+)

1308 IV. בָּצַר (bā·ṣǎr): v.—LN 2.29–2.48 (piel ptcp.) gold-testing, i.e., assay metals (Jer 6:27 cj+), note: for another solution see 1305

1309 I. בֶּצֶר (bě·ṣěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1220, 1222; TWOT 270a—LN 2.49 unprocessed gold nuggets or ore(Job 22:24, 25; Jer 6:27+), note: for another interp in Jeremiah, see also 4450

1310 II. בֶּצֶר (bě·ṣěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1221;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bezer: of Asher (1Ch 7:37+)

1311 III. בֶּצֶר (bě·ṣěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1221;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bezer: town of Reuben, E of the Jordan (Dt 4:43; Jos 20:8; 21:36; 1Ch 6:63[EB 78]+), note: some say same as 1313(1.)

1312 I. בָּצְרָה (bāṣ·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1223; TWOT 270b—LN 7.56 (most versions) pen, sheep-fold, i.e., an enclosure for holding sheep or possibly goats (Mic 2:12+), note: KJV, ASV, Tanakh, MT as n.pr., see 1313, note: Tanakh ftn, BHS ftn, see 928 + 7652

1313 II. בָּצְרָה (bāṣ·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1224;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bozrah: 1. town in Moab, E of the Jordan, (Jer 48:24+), note: some say same as 1311 2. city of Edom, (Ge 36:33; 1Ch 1:44; Isa 34:6; 63:1; Jer 49:13, 22; Am 1:12+)

1314 בַּצָּרָה (bǎṣ·ṣā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1226; TWOT 270d—1. LN 14 drought, extended lack of rain as a weather condition (Jer 14:1+), note: see also 1316; 2. LN 22.15–22.20 unit: עֵת בַּצָּרָה (ʿēṯ bǎṣ·ṣā·rā(h)) time of great trouble and problems, i.e., the figurative extension of destitution because of a lacking of something, and so experiencing hardship (Ps 9:10[EB 9]; 10:1+), note: see also domain LN 67.78–67.141

1315 בִּצָּרוֹן (biṣ·ṣā·rôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1225; TWOT 270c—LN 7.26–7.53 fortress, stronghold, citadel, i.e., a defensive structure (Zec 9:12+) note: the Tanakh translates as “Bizzaron,” as a proper “nick-name” for Samaria; note: BHS ftn emend phrase, to “in Zion,” see 928 + 7482; KB emends text to לְצִבָּרוֹן (leṣib·bā·rôn), “in throngs,” 4200 + 7394. Apparently, these emendations are based contextually and not on suggestions by other MSS evidence or Ancient versions

1316 בַּצֹּרֶת (bǎṣ·ṣō·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1226; TWOT 270d—1. LN 57.37–57.48 a lack, deficit, as something not possessed (Jer 17:8+); 2. LN 14 unit: שָׁנָה בַּצֹּרֶת (šā·nā(h) bǎṣ·ṣō·rěṯ) drought, formally, year of lack, i.e., extended lack of rain as a state in the weather (Jer 17:8+), see also 1314

1317 בַּקְבּוּק (bǎq·bûq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1227;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bakbuk: ancestor of a temple servant (Ezr 2:51; Ne 7:53+)

1318 בַּקְבֻּק (bǎq·bǔq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1228; TWOT 273a—LN 6.118–6.151 jar, decanter, flask, i.e., a container of a general use, made of fashioned clay, likely with a relatively narrow neck (1Ki 14:3; Jer 19:1, 10+), note: the etymology may suggest a small-necked vessel, though context does not demand that it be strictly a narrow-necked jar

1319 בַּקְבֻּקְיָה (bǎq·bǔq·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1229;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bakbukiah: 1. a Levite (Ne 11:17; 12:9+) 2. a temple officer (Ne 12:25+), note: some ident. same as 1.

1320 בַּקְבַּקַּר (bǎq·bǎq·qǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1230;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bakbakkar: Levite (1Ch 9:15+)

1321 בֻּקִּי (bǔq·qî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1231;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bukki: 1. of Dan (Nu 34:22+) 2. of Aaron (1Ch 5:31[EB 6:5], 36[EB 51]; Ezr 7:4+)

1322 בֻּקִּיָּהוּ (bǔq·qiy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1232;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bukkiahu (Bukkiah NIV): leader of temple musician (1Ch 25:4, 13+)

1323 בָּקִיעַ (bā·qîaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1233; TWOT 271c—1. LN 7.59–7.62 an ineffective wall, breach in a defense, i.e., a gap or fissure in a defensive outer wall (Isa 22:9+); 2. LN 19.34–19.42 bits of debris, i.e., crumbled pieces of building material making a virtual ruins, caused by physical impact (Am 6:11+)

בְּקִיעַ (beqîaʿ) Lisowsky: see 1323

בּקע (bqʿ) or בקע (bqʿ): see 1324

1324 בָּקַע (bā·qǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 1234; TWOT 271—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) divide, split, i.e., cut an object into two or more parts (Ecc 10:9); (nif) be divided (Ex 14:21); (piel) divide, split open (Ge 22:3); (hif) divide (Isa 7:6); 2. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) split, tear, burst apart, i.e., a ripping or tearing motion of an object, usually implying a great pressure placed against the object (Ps 141:7); (nif) be burst open, gush forth (Ge 7:11); (piel) split open, tear apart, burst forth (2Ki 2:24; Eze 13:11); (pual) be split, be burst forth (Jos 9:4; Eze 26:10; Hos 14:1+); (hof) be broken through (Jer 39:2+); (hitp) be cracked, be split (Jos 9:13; Mic 1:4+); 3. LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) hatch, formally, break open, i.e., the process of a bird caring for eggs during the gestation period, anticipating the time the eggs will break open and new life comes forth (Isa 34:15); (nif) be hatched (Isa 59:5b); (piel) hatch (Isa 59:5a), see also domain LN 19.14–19.26; 4. LN 16 (nif) shake, formally, burst forth, i.e., a non-linear motion of the ground in vibration or quaking (1Ki 1:40); 5. LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) storm through, break a line, i.e., the fighting motion of an army in which one conquers other soldiers and territory by breaking through a barrier line of soldiers, implying dominance and conquering an enemy (2Sa 23:16; 1Ch 11:18; 2Ch 21:17; 32:1+); (nif) be broken through (Eze 30:16+); (hif) break through (2Ki 3:26+); 6. LN 19.55 unit: יְאֹר בָּקַע (yeʾōr bā·qǎʿ) make a tunnel, formally, split a canal, i.e., make an extended hole in the ground by digging (Job 28:10+)

1325 בֶּקַע (bě·qǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1235; TWOT 271a—LN 86.4–86.5 beka, a half-shekel, i.e., a unit a weight of about 5–6 grams, i.e., 1/5th to 1/4th of an ounce in a 16 oz. pound (Ge 24:22; Ex 38:26+), note: when used in these contexts with precious metals, a beka may function as a monetary unit, see also domain LN 6.68–6.82

1326 בִּקְעָה (biq·ʿā(h)): n.fem. [see also 1326.5]; ≡ Str 1237; TWOT 271b—1. LN 1.51–1.59 valley, a land formation that is a depression in the earth, in contrast to an elevated area (as a hill), its width generally narrower than a gorge or broad valley (Dt 8:7; 11:11; Ps 104:8; Isa 41:18+), note: there may be overlap in meaning and verses, see also next entry; 2. LN 1.51–1.59 plain: steppe-land, i.e., a geographical formation of earth, of relatively large, open, and flat area (Ge 11:2; 2Ch 35:22; Ne 6:2; Isa 40:4; 63:14; Eze 3:22, 23; 8:4; 37:1, 2; Zec 12:11+), note: a specific valley in Dt 34:3; Jos 11:8, 17; 12:7; Am 1:5, and so a proper specific place, q.v.

בִּקְעַת־אָוֶן (biq·ʿǎṯ-·ʾā·wěn): n.pr. [served by 1326]; ≡ Str 1237; TWOT 271b—LN 93-place (loc.) (NJB) Bikath-Aven: (most versions) Valley (or Vale) of Aven (Am 1:5+)

בּקק (bqq)[1] or I. בקק (bqq): see 1327

בּקק (bqq)[2] or II. בקק (bqq): see 1328

1327 I. בָּקַק (bā·qǎq): v.; ≡ Str 1238; TWOT 273—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) lay waste, ruin, destroy, i.e., be in a state or condition of destruction (Isa 24:1; Jer 19:7; Na 2:3[EB 2]+); (nif) be laid waste (Isa 24:3+); (polel) devastate (Jer 51:2+); 2. (qal) shriveling, degenerating, withering vine, i.e., the state or condition of lacking moisture in a plant, often indicating poor health, (Hos 10:1+), note: which the LORD then resuscitated; for another interp see 1328; 3. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: (nif) בָּקַק רוּחַ (bā·qǎq rûaḥ) lose heart, be discouraged, formally, ruined of spirit, i.e., to have a feeling or attitude of discouragement and loss of hope as a figurative extension of the destruction of an object (Isa 19:3+)

1328 II. בָּקַק (bā·qǎq): v.; ≡ Str 1238; TWOT 273—LN 59.62–59.71 (qal) grow as a healthy plant, i.e., grow profusely and so increase and be fruitful(Hos 10:1+), note: other versions see 1327

בּקר (bqr) or בקר (bqr): see 1329

1329 בָּקַר (bā·qǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1239; TWOT 274—1. LN 24.1–24.51 (piel) inspect, look for, i.e., use the eye-gate to perceive an object and make a judgment (Lev 13:36; 27:33+); 2. LN 35.36–35.46 (piel) look after, attend to, i.e., to care for an object as an extension of the sense perception of sight (Eze 34:11, 12+); 3. LN 30.39–30.52 (piel) consider, give thought, i.e., process information with focus on the implications of a course, and an appropriate response (Pr 20:25+); 4. LN 27.34–27.47 (piel) seek after, i.e., try to gain information about an object (2Ki 16:15; Ps 27:4+), note: some translate Ps 27:4 as “see with delight”

1330 בָּקָר (bā·qār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1241; TWOT 274a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 large mammal herds, i.e., esp. cattle but possibly in some contexts other large mammals such as camels, horses, donkeys et. al., often in contrast to the smaller mammals of sheep/goats (Ge 12:16; 13:5), note: for MT text in 1Sa 8:16, see 1033; 2. LN 4.1–4.37 cattle, i.e., large mammals of the bovine species, the female cow giving milk as human food (2Sa 17:29), or the valued male for sacrifice (1Ch 29:22), or the castrated oxen as more controllable for agricultural or carrying tasks (Nu 7:6), note: though grammatically masc. some contexts clearly require a fem. gender, see 2Sa 17:29; 3. LN 4.1–4.37 animal, i.e., a mammal that includes cattle, but does not exclude other mammals (Nu 7:87); 4. LN 6.96–6.101 cast metal image of a bull (1Ki 7:25, 29, 44); 5. LN 4.1–4.37 unit: בֵּן בָּקָר (bēn bā·qār) calf, i.e., the offspring of cattle (Ge 18:7); 6. LN 4.1–4.37 unit: פַּר בֵּן בָּקָר (pǎr bēn bā·qār) young bull (Nu 7:15); 7. LN 6.4–6.9 unit: כְּלִי הַ־ בָּקָר (kelî hǎ- bā·qār) ploughing equipment, formally, vessels of oxen (1Ki 19:21)

1331 I. בֹּקֶר (bō·qěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1242; TWOT 274c—LN 53.16–53.27 sacrifice for omens, i.e., a sacrifice given to a deity in order to gain information normally kept secret (Ps 5:4b[EB 3b]+), note: NEB, REB, translates “morning sacrifice;” most versions translates as 1332

1332 II. בֹּקֶר (bō·qěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1242; TWOT 274c—1. LN 67.163–67.200 morning, i.e., the early part of the daytime period, which can vary from early daybreak, to an undetermined time before midday when the sun is at its apex (1Sa 1:19), note: for another interp, of Ps 5:4b[EB 3b]+ see 1331; note: for MT text in Isa 26:9, see 7931; 2. LN 67.163–67.200 tomorrow morning, next morning, i.e., the early part of a next day (Ex 16:12; 1Sa 19:2); 3. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: עֶרֶב בֹּקֶר (ʿě·rěḇ bō·qěr)2 one day, i.e., a period of time, approximately 24 hour period (Da 8:14), note: cf. also Ge 1:5ff.

1333 בַּקָּרָה (bǎq·qā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1243; TWOT 274d—LN 44 care, a looking after, implying a search or seeking for something as a matter of prudent tending of an animal, implying rescue (Eze 34:12+), see also domain LN 21.17–21.24

1334 בִּקֹּרֶת (biq·qō·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1244; TWOT 274e—1. LN 38.1–38.13 due punishment, a reprimand along with other obligations for an offense or sin acted out (Lev 19:20+), see also LN 33.417–33.422, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 56.12–56.19 inquiry, i.e., a seeking out of a matter in a judicial inquiry (Lev 19:20+), note: see WBC4:306

בּקשׁ (bqš) or בקשׁ (bqš): see 1335

1335 בָּקַשׁ (bā·qǎš): v.; ≡ Str 1245; TWOT 276—1. LN 27.34–27.47 (piel) seek, search, look for, i.e., try to learn information about an object, implying a diligence in the procurement of the information (1Sa 9:3); (pual) be sought, be investigated, be searched (Est 2:23; Jer 50:20; Eze 26:21+); 2. LN 56 (piel) hold responsible, call to account, i.e., be held accountable to a certain standard, often with sanctions for not meeting the standard (Ge 43:9); 3. LN 33.161–33.177 (piel) inquire about, ask for, i.e., make a verbal request (Ezr 8:21); 4. LN 68.58–68.62 (piel) try to do, attempt, i.e., try with a certain amount of intensity, often implying lack of success (Ex 2:15); 5. LN 39.34–39.41 (piel) conspire, i.e., to make plans of rebellion against an authority (Est 2:21); 6. LN 34.1–34.21 unit: (piel) בָּקַשׁ פָּנֶה (bā·qǎš pā·ně(h)) associate, be in association, formally, seek the face, i.e., be in relation to another as a figurative extension of seeking to be in the presence of that person (1Ch 16:11); note: further study may yield more domains

1336 בַּקָּשָׁה (bǎq·qā·šā(h)): n.fem. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 1246; TWOT 276a—LN 33.161–33.177 a request, supplication, petition, i.e., the asking for something (Ezr 7:6; Est 5:3, 6, 7, 8; 7:2, 3; 9:12+)

1337 I. בַּר (bǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1248; TWOT 277—1. LN 10.42 son, i.e., the offspring of a female (Pr 31:2+); 2. LN 12.1–12.42 the Son, i.e., apparently a reference to a supernatural being (Ps 2:12+), note: so capitalized in the KJV, NKJV, NASB, NIV, note also: RSV, NRSV, NJB, NAB change text to “kiss the feet” 928 + 8079, see WBC19:64 for other textually driven solutions, note: for another interp, keeping the MT, see next; 3. LN 17.21–17.22 unit: נָשַׁק בַּר (nā·šǎq bǎr)1, formally, kiss the son, i.e., pay homage to the king of Israel in an act. of reverence (Ps 2:12+), note: see also domain LN 37.67 or LN 53.53–53.64, note: BDB, see also 1338

1338 II. בַּר (bǎr): adj.; ≡ Str 1249; TWOT 288a—1. LN 88.24–88.35 pure, i.e., pertaining to a moral condition (Job 11:4; Ps 24:4; 73:1+); 2. LN 32.1–32.10 radiant, i.e., giving light as a figurative extension of giving understanding (Ps 19:9[EB 8]+); 3. LN 59.35–59.43 empty, i.e., a clean manger with nothing in it (Pr 14:4+), for another interp, see 1339; 4. LN 30.86–30.107 favorite, i.e., one chosen as special in relationship (SS 6:9+); 5. LN 14.36–14.52 bright, i.e., pertaining to a reflective moonlight very bright light(SS 6:10+)

1339 III. בַּר (bǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1250; TWOT 288b—LN 3.33–3.46 grain, i.e., the fruit part of cereal plants (Ge 41:35, 49; 42:3, 25; 45:23; Ps 65:14[EB 13]; 72:16; Pr 11:26; Jer 23:28; Joel 2:24; Am 5:11; 8:5, 6+), note: though some identify as specifically wheat seed, other nutritious grains may also be the meaning, note: Pr 14:4, for another interp, see 1338

1340 IV. בַּר (bǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1250; TWOT 288b—LN 1.86–1.87 the wilds, i.e., open fields in the country, sparsely inhabited places (Job 39:4+)

בֹּר (bōr) Lisowsky: n.masc.—see 1014 Ge 37:24; Ex 21:33; Dt 6:11+

1341 I. בֹּר (bōr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1252; TWOT 288d—LN 88.24–88.35 cleanness, i.e., as a figurative extension of moral purity according to a standard (2Sa 22:21, 25; Job 22:30; Ps 18:21[EB 20],25[EB 24]+)

1342 II. בֹּר (bōr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1253; TWOT 288c—LN 2 natural laundering chemical, i.e., a soap made of either lye (alkaline leached from natural potash) or alkaline salt (or natural soda) extracted from the saltwort plants (Job 9:30+), or the same substance as a refiner’s smelting alkali (Isa 1:25+)

בּרא (brʾ)[1] or I. ברא (brʾ): see 1343

בּרא (brʾ)[2] or II. ברא (brʾ): see 1344

בּרא (brʾ)[3] or III. ברא (brʾ): see 1345

בּרא (brʾ)[4] Holladay: see 1346 or 1356

1343 I. בָּרָא (bā·rā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 1254; TWOT 278—1. LN 42.29–42.40 (qal) create, i.e., make something that has not been in existence before (Ge 1:1); (nif) be created (Ge 2:4); 2. LN 42.29–42.40 make, form or fashion something out of elements that exist (Ge 6:7; Isa 65:18; Jer 31:22); 3. LN 42.7–42.28 do, i.e., bring about, perform a task, with an emphasis on the uniqueness of the event (Ex 34:10; Nu 16:30; Isa 45:7); 4. LN 90.51–90.55 causes something to happen (Am 4:13); 5. LN 12.1–12.42 (qal act. ptcp.) the Creator, i.e., a title of a supernatural being (Ecc 12:1; Isa 40:28; 43:15+); 6. LN 13.67 unit: בָּרָא לְ־ ־ִי טָהוֹר לֵב (bā·rā(ʾ) l- i-y ṭā·hôr lēḇ) restore my purity, formally, make for me a pure heart, i.e., bring back to a prior state (PS 51:12[EB 10]+)

1344 II. בָּרָא (bā·rā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 1254; TWOT 278—LN 86.1–86.3 (hif) fatten to obesity, be overweight, i.e., gain weight or be in a heavy state by apparently greedily eating choice parts of meat meant for sacrifice (1Sa 2:29+)

1345 III. בָּרָא (bā·rā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 1254; TWOT 278—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (piel) cut down, i.e., make a hacking motion that results in the clearing of a forest (Jos 17:15, 18+); 2. LN 42.29–42.40 hew, cut, i.e., make a hacking motion that forms or fashions a wood object (Eze 21:24[EB 19]+); 3. LN 20.61–20.88 kill, formally, cut down, i.e., hew or hack someone to death by violence (Eze 23:47+)

1346 IV. בָּרָא (bā·rā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 1262; TWOT 281—LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) eat, i.e., consume food (2Sa 12:17+), see also 1356

בָּרִא (bā·ri(ʾ)) Holladay: see 1374 (1Ki 5:3[EB 4:23];NT Heb 1:16+)

1347 בְּרֹאדַךְ־בַּלְאֲדָן (berō(ʾ)·ḏǎḵ-·bǎl·ʾǎḏān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1255;—LN 93-pers. (male) Berodach-Baladan: king of Babylon (2Ki 20:12+), note: for NIV text, see 5282

1348 בִּרְאִי (bir·ʾî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1011;—LN 93-place (loc.) Biri: part of a compound name, Beth Biri, see 1082

1349 בְּרָאיָה (berā(ʾ)·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1256;—LN 93-pers. (male) Beraiah: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:21+)

1350 בַּרְבֻּר (bǎr·bǔr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1257; TWOT 288g—LN 4.38–4.46 eatable fowl: several species are suggested; goose, young chickens, lark-heeled cuckoo, et. al. (1Ki 5:3[EB 4:23]+), note: in context it is listed with wild animals, hence favoring the cuckoo or possibly some water-fowl

בַּרְבֻּרִים (bǎr·bǔ·rîm) BDB: see 1350

בּרד (brd) or ברד (brd): see 1351

1351 בָּרַד (bā·rǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 1258; TWOT 280—LN 2.13 (qal) rain down hail (Isa 32:19+)

1352 בָּרָד (bā·rāḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1259; TWOT 280a—1. LN 2.13 hailstorm, i.e., inordinate destructive water crystals raining down on an area (Ex 9:23); 2. LN 2.13 hail, hailstones (Ps 18:13[EB 12]); 3. LN 2.13 unit: אֶבֶן הַ־ בָּרָד (ʾě·ḇěn hǎ- bā·rāḏ) hailstones (Jos 10:11+); 4. LN 2.13 unit: זֶרֶם בָּרָד (zě·rěm bā·rāḏ) hailstorm (Isa 28:2+)

1353 בָּרֹד (bā·rōḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 1261; TWOT 280b—LN 79.26–79.38 dappled, speckled, i.e., pertaining to having a color pattern of splotches or spots of two or possibly more colors (Ge 31:10, 12; Zec 6:3, 6+)

1354 I. בֶּרֶד (bě·rěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1260;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bered: currently unknown place in the wilderness of Shur (Ge 16:14+)

1355 II. בֶּרֶד (bě·rěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1260;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bered: of Ephraim (1Ch 7:20+), see also 1146

בּרה (brh)[1] or I. ברה (brh): see 1356

בּרה (brh)[2] or II. ברה (brh): see 1357

1356 I. בָּרָה (bā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1262, 1274; TWOT 281—LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) eat (2Sa 12:17; 13:6, 10+); (hif) give to eat, possibly implying a non-verbal communication to urge to eat (2Sa 3:35; 13:5+), see also 1346; note: see also domain LN 33.476–33.489; note: (piel) (La 4:10+), see 1362

1357 II. בָּרָה (bā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1262, 1274;—LN 42.7–42.28 (qal) give a task, formally, enter into a covenant to represent, i.e., give someone a task or job to perform as a representative (1Sa 17:8+), note: for another parsing, see 1405

1358 בָּרוּךְ (bā·rûḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1263;—LN 93-pers. (male) Baruch: 1. secretary of Jeremiah (Jer 32:12–45:2 passim+) 2. wall builder (Ne 3:20+) 3. father of captivity returnee (Ne 11:5+) 4. Signer of covenant (Ne 10:7[EB 6]+), note: possibly same as 2.

1359 בָּרוּר (bā·rûr): adj. [BDB: v.ptcp.pass.masc. and fem.]; ≡ Str 1305; TWOT 288—1. LN 53.28–53.32 pure, clean, i.e., pertaining to being ceremonially clean for proper worship and relationship (Zep 3:9+); 2. LN 88.39–88.45 sincerely, honestly, formally, pure/clean, i.e., pertaining to being truthful as a moral quality (Job 33:3+)

1360 בְּרוֹשׁ (berôš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1265; TWOT 289a—1. LN 3.2–3.12 species of tree: several different are suggested; NIV, NEB, REB, “pine tree;” KB, Holladay, Lisowsky, NJB, “juniper” Juniperus Phoenicea; BDB, NASB, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, NAB, Tanakh, “cypress,” or BDB, KJV, ASV, “fir” (Zec 11:2), cf. also 1361, note: for NIV text in 2Sa 6:5, see 8877, note: some contexts may suggest an aromatic wood.; 2. LN 6.29–6.40 pine spear, i.e., a shaft of a javelin weapon, with a focus that it is made of pine (Na 2:4[EB 3]+), note: Na 2:4[EB 3], see BHS ftn for diff. text

1361 בְּרוֹת (berôṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1266; TWOT 289a—LN 3.2–3.12 species of tree: several different are suggested; KJV, NKJV, ASV, NIV, NEB, “fir tree;” NASB, NAB, Tanakh, “cypress;” RSV, NRSV, NJB, REB, “pine” (SS 1:17+), cf. also 1360; note: Holladay specifically identifies as Juniperus phoenicea

1362 בָּרוּת (bā·rûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1267; TWOT 281b—LN 5.1–5.22 food, i.e., what is consumed as eatable (Ps 69:22[EB 21]; La 4:10+), note: in La 4:10, some also parse as piel inf. of 1356

1363 בֵּרוֹתָה (bē·rô·ṯā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1268;—LN 93-place (loc.) Berothah: border town between Damascus and Hamath (Eze 47:16+), see also 1408

ברזות (brzwt) BDB: see 1364

1364 בִּרְזָוִת (bir·zā·wiṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1269;—LN 93-pers. Birzavith: of Asher (1Ch 7:31 K+), note: see BHS ftn q.v., see 1365; note: some sources interp as loc.

1365 בִּרְזָיִת (bir·zā·yiṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1269;—LN 93-pers. Birzaith: (female) of Asher (1Ch 7:31 Q+), note: see BHS ftn q.v., see 1364; note: some sources interp as loc.

1366 בַּרְזֶל (bǎr·zěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1270; TWOT 283a—1. LN 2.58–2.59 iron ore, i.e., unprocessed metal ore from the ground (Dt 8:9); 2. LN 2.58–2.59 smelted iron, i.e., as a strong, brittle, dense metal for making objects (Ge 4:22; 2Ki 6:6); 3. LN 6.4–6.9 iron implement, i.e., an axe head (Dt 19:5); 4. LN 6.215–6.225 hewing tool, i.e., an iron construction tool for cutting stone or wood (Dt 27:5; Ecc 10:10); 5. LN 79 hard ground, formally, iron, i.e., the figurative extension of very hard, dry ground, as the feature of an object (Dt 28:23); 6. LN 6.4–6.9 iron teeth of a sledge (Am 1:3); 7. LN 39.45–39.46 unit: כּוּר הַ־ בַּרְזֶל (kûr hǎ- bǎr·zěl) oppression, formally, furnace for iron-smelting (Dt 4:20); 8. LN 39.45–39.46 unit: מוֹטָה בַּרְזֶל (mô·ṭā(h) bǎr·zěl) unbreakable oppression, formally, yoke of iron (Jer 28:13); 9. LN 45 unit: חָרָשׁ בַּרְזֶל (ḥā·rāš bǎr·zěl) blacksmith, formally, a worker in iron (Isa 44:12)

1367 בַּרְזִלַּי (bǎr·zil·lǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1271;—LN 93-pers. (male) Barzillai: 1. of Gilead (2Sa 17:27; 19:32[EB 31],33[EB 32],34[EB 33],35[EB 34],40[EB 39]; 1Ki 2:7; Ezr 2:61b; Ne 7:63b+) 2. of Meholath (2Sa 21:8+) 3. a priest who married into family of 1. (Ezr 2:61a; Ne 7:63a+)

ברח (brḥ) KB, Lisowsky: see 1368, 1369, 1370

בּרח (brḥ)[1] Holladay: see 1368

בּרח (brḥ)[2] Holladay: see 1369

בּרח (brḥ)[3] Holladay: see 1370

1368 I. בָּרַח (bā·rǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 1272; TWOT 284—1. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) flee, run away, escape, i.e., make linear movement away from something, safety from danger (Ge 16:6, 8); 2. LN 15.158–15.159 (hif) chase away, drive out, make flee (Job 41:20[EB 28]), note: Pr 19:26, oth see 1369, 1370; 3. LN 16 (qal) extend, i.e., to go through an object to an intended end (Ex 36:33); (hif) (Ex 26:28)

1369 II. בָּרַח (bā·rǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 1272; TWOT 284—LN 20.12–20.30 (hif) injure, harm, wound, i.e., hurt another in some physical manner (Pr 19:26+), note: NIV translates as 1368

1370 III. בָּרַח (bā·rǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 1272; TWOT 284—LN 68.34–68.57 (hif) make impassable, formally, bar a door, i.e., put up a barrier or not allow movement from one place to another and so cease an activity as a figurative extension of placing a bar or lock on a door (1Ch 12:16[EB 15]+), others see 1368

1371 בָּרִחַ (bā·riaḥ): adj.; ≡ Str 1281; TWOT 284a—1. LN 15.248–15.249 gliding, snaking, i.e., pertaining to the gliding and smooth-slipping motion of a serpent on the ground (Job 26:13; Isa 27:1+); 2. LN 21.14–21.16 fleeing, fugitive, i.e., pertaining to one who leaves an area, with a focus on the safety of the one who flees (Isa 15:5 v.r.; 43:14+), note: for MT text in Isa 15:5, see 1378, see BHS ftn; see also domain LN 15.34–15.74

1372 בַּרְחֻמִי (bǎr·ḥǔ·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1273;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Barhumite: pertaining to one of Barhum (2Sa 23:31+), note: see also 1049; note: for textual resolutions, see BHS ftn; for cj see 1050

בְּרִי (berî) BDB, Holladay: see 928 + 8188

1373 בֵּרִי (bē·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1275;—LN 93-pers. (male) Beri: of Asher (1Ch 7:36+)

1374 בָּרִיא (bā·rî(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 1277; TWOT 279a—1. LN 23.129–23.141 healthy, formally, fat, i.e., pertaining to being physically healthy, implying a desirability for trade or consumption, whether human, plant, or animal (Ge 41:2, 4, 5, 7, 18, 20; Ps 73:4; Eze 34:3, 20; Da 1:15; Zec 11:16+), note: in some cultures fat has a negative implication, so use other positive adjectives; 2. LN 44 stall-fed, formally, fat, i.e., pertaining to being physically grain-fed and so heavier than a comparable animal that grazes (1Ki 5:3[EB 4:23]+); 3. LN 5 unit: מַאֲכָל בָּרִיא (mǎ·ʾǎḵāl bā·rî(ʾ)) the best food (Hab 1:16+); 4. LN 86.1–86.3 obese, i.e., have a relatively thick layer of fat on the body, and so be overweight on a relative scale (Jdg 3:17+)

1375 בְּרִיאָה (berî·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1278; TWOT 278a—LN 42.29–42.40 created thing, i.e., a thing made or produced, implied to be totally new or not paralleled by other similar events (Nu 16:30+)

1376 בִּרְיָה (bir·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1279; TWOT 281a—LN 5.1–5.22 food, i.e., what is consumed as eatable (2Sa 13:5, 7, 10+), note: Eze 34:20, see 1374

1377 בָּרִיחַ (bā·rîaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1282;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bariah: of David (1Ch 3:22+)

1378 בְּרִיחַ (berîaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1280; TWOT 284b—1. LN 6.14–6.22 crossbar, i.e., a finished piece of wood for joining a frame (Ex 26:26–40:18), note: Isa 15:5 read as 1371; 2. LN 6.14–6.22 bar, gate bar, i.e., a finished piece of wood or metal used as a lock on a door or gate (Dt 3:5; Na 3:13), note: used figuratively in some contexts to refer to entrance areas of large places or netherworlds

1379 בֵּרִים (bē·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1276;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Berites: pertaining to Beri (2Sa 20:14+), cf. also 1373; note: see BHS ftn, note: also see WBC11:241 for oth text solutions, see 1152

1380 בְּרִיעָה (berî·ʿā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1283;—LN 93-pers. (male) Beriah: 1. son of Asher (Ge 46:17; Nu 26:44, 45; 1Ch 7:30, 31+), see also 1381 2. son of Ephraim (1Ch 7:23+) 3. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:13, 16+) 4. of Levi (1Ch 23:10, 11+)

1381 בְּרִיעִי (berî·ʿî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1284;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Beriite: pertaining to Beri (Nu 26:44+), see 1380

1382 בְּרִית (berîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1285; TWOT 282a—1. LN 34.42–34.49 covenant, treaty, compact, i.e., an agreement between two parties (Ge 6:18; 14:13), note: the exact relationships of the two parties will vary according to context; 2. LN 34.42–34.49 pledge, a binding oath of promise (2Ki 11:4); 3. LN 34.66–34.78 marriage (Pr 2:17); 4. LN 34.43 unit: כָּרַת בְּרִית (kā·rǎṯ berîṯ) make an agreement, formally, cut a covenant (Ge 26:28), note: see also domain LN 42.7–42.28; 5. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: סֵפֶר בְּרִית (sē·p̄ěr berîṯ) Book of the Covenant, i.e., a body of literature (Ex 24:7); also part of a compound name El-Berith, see 451; Baal-Berith, see 1253

1383 בֹּרִית (bō·rîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1287; TWOT 288e—1. LN 2.29–2.48 alkali, detergent for laundering, i.e., a soap made of either lye (alkaline leached from natural potash), or alkaline salt (extracted from the iceplant) (Jer 2:22; Mal 3:2+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 2.29–2.48 refiners smelting alkali (Mal 3:2+)

בּרךְ (brk)[1] or I. ברךְ (brk): see 1384

בּרךְ (brk)[2] or II. ברךְ (brk): see 1385

1384 I. בָּרַךְ (bā·rǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 1288; TWOT 285—LN 17.19 (qal) kneel down, i.e., to be or go to a stance in which one is on the knees as contrasted with standing on the feet, with the back straight or bent (2Ch 6:13; Ps 95:6+), note: in context this position can be a position of worship or humility; (hif) make kneel, cause to take a kneeling stance (Ge 24:11+)

1385 II. בָּרַךְ (bā·rǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 1288; TWOT 285—1. LN 33.470–33.475 (piel) bless another, commend, i.e., speak words invoking divine favor, with the intent that the object will have favorable circumstances or state at a future time (Ge 1:22); (qal pass.) be blessed (Ge 9:26); (nif) be blessed (Ge 12:3; 18:18; Ge 28:14+); (pual) be blessed (Nu 22:6); (hitp) be blessed, invoke a blessing (Ge 22:18; 26:4; Dt 29:18[EB 19]; Ps 72:17; Isa 65:16, 16; Jer 4:2+), see also domain LN 22.42–22.47; 2. LN 33.354–33.364 (piel) praise, extol, thank for greatness/goodness, i.e., speak words of the excellence of an object (Ps 63:5[EB 4]), note: usually used as an act. of worship; (qal pass.) praise be (Ru 4:14); (pual) praise be (Job 1:21); 3. LN 33.11–33.25 (piel) greet, formally, bless, i.e., meet another with a positive verbal exchange, as a type of discourse (1Sa 13:10); 4. LN 33.470–33.475 (piel) curse, formally, bless, i.e., cause harm or injury by means of a statement, as a euphemism or ironic use with an opposite meaning of bless (1Ki 21:10, 13; Job 1:5, 11; 2:5, 9+)

1386 בֶּרֶךְ (bě·rěḵ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1290; TWOT 285a—1. LN 8.47 knee, i.e., a part of the body (Ge 48:12; Dt 28:35; Jdg 7:6; Job 4:4); 2. LN 8.39 lap, i.e., the part of the body from the waist to the knees in a sitting position (Jdg 16:19); 3. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: בֶּרֶךְ כָּשַׁל (bě·rěḵ kā·šǎl) be weak, formally, knees give way, i.e., be unable to stand (Ps 109:24), note: see also domain LN 74; 4. LN 53.53–53.64 unit: בֶּרֶךְ כָּרַע (bě·rěḵ kā·rǎʿ) worship, formally, bow the knee, i.e., show great reverence or respect for (1Ki 19:18; 2Ki 1:13); 5. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: יָלַד עַל בֶּרֶךְ (yā·lǎḏ ʿǎl bě·rěḵ) bear children, i.e., bear on the knee (Ge 30:3), note: some think the meaning is adoption, and not the physical bearing process, see also domain LN 35.53

1387 בַּרַכְאֵל (bǎ·rǎḵ·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1292;—LN 93-pers. (male) Barakel: father of friend of Job (Job 32:2, 6+)

בָּרַכְאֵל (bā·rǎḵ·ʾēl) BDB: see 1387

1388 I. בְּרָכָה (berā·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1293; TWOT 285b—1. LN 33.354–33.364 blessing, i.e., a speaking of the excellence of a person or thing (Ne 9:5); 2. LN 33.470–33.475 blessing, i.e., an oath or vow that results in prosperity, by humans or the LORD (Ge 27:36; Dt 11:26); 3. LN 22.42–22.47 treaty of peace, i.e., a covenant based in surrender or handing over, thereby creating a relatively better circumstance, since annihilation will not be immanent (2Ki 18:31; Isa 36:16+), note: see also domain LN 34.42–34.49; note: Ps 84:7[EB 6] NIV reads as 1391; 4. LN 57.25–57.35 wealth, prosperity (Pr 11:11); 5. LN 57.71–57.124 gift, present, i.e., something given or an action given (Ge 33:11)

1389 II. בְּרָכָה (berā·ḵā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1294;—LN 93-pers. (male) Beracah: of Benjamin (1Ch 12:3+)

1390 III. בְּרָכָה (berā·ḵā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1294;—LN 93-place (loc.) Beracah: valley near Bethlehem (2Ch 20:26+)

1391 בְּרֵכָה (berē·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1295; TWOT 285c—LN 7.58–7.59 pool, i.e., a rectangular (or possibly sometimes round) artificial reservoir which is a construction for holding water and conserving water. Large enough to serve a community, it was hewn from rock, or formed by building a wall across a dry river-bed. A conduit might bring water to it (2Sa 2:13; 4:12; 1Ki 22:38; 2Ki 18:17; 20:20; Ne 2:14; 3:15, 16; Ecc 2:6; SS 7:5[EB 4]; Isa 7:3; 22:9, 11; 36:2; Na 2:9[EB 8]+), note: Ps 84:7[EB 6] MT reads as 1388, note: often capitalized in the NIV, suggesting they are n.pr.loc.

1392 בֶּרֶכְיָה (bě·rěḵ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1296;—LN 93-pers. (male) Berekiah: 1. son of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:20+) 2. see 1393(1.) 3. a Levite returnee (1Ch 9:16+) 4. a Levite doorkeeper (1Ch 15:23+) 5. see 1393(2.) 6. a wall builder (Ne 3:4; 3:30; 6:18+) 7. father of the prophet Zechariah (Zec 1:1+), see also 1393(3.), see also 1393, DBLGrk 974

1393 בֶּרֶכְיָהוּ (bě·rěḵ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1296;—LN 93-pers. (male) Berekiahu (Berekiah NIV): 1. father of Asaph (1Ch 6:24[EB 39]; 1Ch 15:17+) 2. prince in Ephraim (2Ch 28:12+) 3. father of the prophet Zechariah (Zec 1:7+), see also 1392(7.); see also 1392, DBLGrk 974

1394 בְּרֹמִים (berō·mîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1264; TWOT 286a—LN 6.152–6.187 variegated cloth, multicolored weavings, i.e., a cloth woven of threads of different colors, possibly two or more (Eze 27:24+), note: KB, Holladay, Lisowsky, a fabric of two colors

1395 בַּרְנֵעַ (bǎr·nēaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6947;—LN 93-place (loc.) Barnea: part of a compound name, Kadesh Barnea, see 7732

1396 בֶּרַע (bě·rǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1298;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bera: king of Sodom (Ge 14:2+)

בּרק (brq) or ברק (brq): see 1397

1397 בָּרַק (bā·rǎq): v.; ≡ Str 1299; TWOT 287—LN 14.36–14.52 (qal) flash lightning (Ps 144:6+)

1398 I. בָּרָק (bā·rāq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1300; TWOT 287a—1. LN 14.15–14.16 lightning, i.e., many flashes of lightning (Ex 19:16); 2. LN 14.15–14.16 lightning bolt, a single flash of lightning (2Sa 22:15; Ps 18:15[EB 14]); 3. LN 14.36–14.52 flashing, i.e., formally, lightning with a focus on the light it produces or reflects (Ps 77:19[EB 18]; Dt 32:41; Job 20:25; Na 3:3)

1399 II. בָּרָק (bā·rāq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1301; TWOT 287b—LN 93-pers. (male) Barak: judge in Israel (Jdg 4:6–5:15 passim+ ), note: for MT text in 1Sa 12:11, see 979

1400 בְּרַק (berǎq): n.pr. [Holladay: n.pr.masc. or tribe]; ≡ Str 1139;—LN 93-place (loc.) Berak: part of a compound name, Bene Berak, see 1222

1401 בַּרְקוֹס (bǎr·qôs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1302;—LN 93-pers. (male) Barkos: father of temple servant returnees (Ezr 2:53; Ne 7:55+)

1402 בַּרְקֹן (bǎr·qōn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1303; TWOT 287e—LN 3.13–3.32 (pl.) brier plant, thorny bush (Jdg 8:7, 16+)

בַּרְקֳנִים (bǎr·qǒnîm) BDB: see 1402

1403 בָּרֶקֶת (bā·rě·qěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1304; TWOT 287d—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: (NIV) beryl, i.e., possibly a dark-green beryl; (most versions) emerald; (NEB, REB) green feldspar; (KJV, ASV, RSV) carbuncle (Ex 28:17; 39:10+), note: exact identification not certain, see also 1404

1404 בָּרְקַת (bār·qǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1304; TWOT 287d—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone, (NIV) beryl, i.e., possibly a dark-green beryl (Eze 28:13+), (KJV, ASV) carbuncle; (NASB, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh, NAB, NJB) emerald; (NEB, REB) green feldspar; note: exact identification not certain, see also 1403

ברר (brr) KB: see 1405, 1406

בּרר (brr)[1] Holladay, Lisowsky: see 1405

בּרר (brr)[2] Holladay, Lisowsky: see 1406

1405 I. בָּרַר (bā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1305; TWOT 288—1. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) purge, purify, remove, rid, i.e., have a condition or state no longer exist, with a focus on the action that causes the new state of non-existence, as a figurative extension of physically cleansing an object, removing impurity (Eze 20:38+), note: see also 1013; (piel) purify (Da 11:35+); (hif) cleanse, cause to be clean (Jer 4:11+); 2. LN 88.24–88.35 (nif) be pure, be in a state of ceremonial and/or moral innocence or purity as a moral quality (2Sa 22:27a; Ps 18:27a[EB 26a]; Isa 52:11+); (hitp) show oneself pure (2Sa 22:27b; Ps 18:27b[EB 26b]; Da 12:10+); 3. LN 30.86–30.107 (qal) choose, select, make a volitional preference of one object over another (1Sa 17:8+), note: for another parsing in 1Sa 17:8, see 1357; (qal pass.) be chosen, be selected, implying that the object is choice and desireable (1Ch 7:40; 9:22; 16:41; Ne 5:18+); 4. LN 27.34–27.47 (qal) test, try, probe, examine, assay, formally, purge, i.e., try and learn the genuineness of an object by examination, and observing reaction to a standard, as a figurative extension of cleansing an object (Ecc 3:18+), note: Isa 48:10, see 1047

1406 II. בָּרַר (bā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1305; TWOT 288—1. LN 79.95–79.96 (qal pass.) be sharpened (Isa 49:2+), note: possibly this lexical form should be an adjective; 2. LN 19.43–19.54 (hif) sharpen, i.e., use physical impact to grind a dull instrument (Jer 51:11+), note: polishing is sometimes a part of the sharpening process, but not the central meaning of the lexeme

1407 בִּרְשַׁע (bir·šǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1306;—LN 93-pers. (male) Birsha: king of Gomorrah (Ge 14:2+)

1408 בֵּרֹתַי (bē·rō·ṯǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1268;—LN 93-place (loc.) Berothai: Syrian city captured by David, (2Sa 8:8+), see also 1363, 3923

1409 בֵּרֹתִי (bē·rō·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1307;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Berothite: pertaining to Beeroth (1Ch 11:39+), see also 940, 943

1410 בְּשׂוֹר (beśôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1308;—LN 93-place (River) Besor: Wadi Ravine that runs from near Beersheba to the Great Sea near Gaza (1Sa 30:9, 10, 21+)

בְּשׂוֹרָה (beśô·rā(h)): see 1415

בָּשָׂם (bā·śām) or בֶּשֶׂם (bě·śěm) Lisowsky, BDB: see 1411

1411 בֹּשֶׂם (bō·śěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1313, 1314; TWOT 290a—1. LN 3.2–3.12 balsam tree, i.e., an aromatic tree, identified by some as Balsamodendrium Opolbalsamum (Ex 30:23c; SS 8:14); 2. LN 6.197–6.202 spice, fragrant balsam-oil (Ex 25:6), note: this may be a dry, powdered spice as well; 3. LN 6.205–6.212 perfume (Ex 30:23), note: cf. also domain LN 5.23

1412 בָּשְׂמַת (bāś·mǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1315;—LN 93-pers. (female) Basemath: 1. a wife of Esau (Ge 26:34+) 2. another wife of Esau (Ge 36:3, 4, 10, 13, 17+), note: some relate to 1. 3. daughter of Solomon (1Ki 4:15+)

בּשׂר (bśr) or בשׂר (bśr): see 1413

1413 בָּשַׂר (bā·śǎr): v. [see also 4452.5, 4452.6]; ≡ Str 1319; TWOT 291—1. LN 33.189–33.217 (piel) proclaim, i.e., bring news (1Sa 4:17), note: often in context the proclamation is seen as positive by the hearers; 2. LN 33.189–33.217 (hitp) hear news (2Sa 18:31+)

1414 בָּשָׂר (bā·śār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1320; TWOT 291a—1. LN 4 creatures, living things, formally, flesh, i.e., any biological life, human or animal, with a focus on the substance of that life (Ge 6:17); 2. LN 8.1–8.8 flesh, i.e., all the soft-tissue component parts of the body (of any creature) that make up the total of the corporeal mass, including (but not limited to) skin, ligament, muscle, etc. (Ge 40:19); 3. LN 8.1–8.8 body, i.e., the whole of the human body, including bones, as an extension of the soft-tissue corporeal mass (Lev 15:16); 4. LN 5.1–5.22 meat, flesh, i.e., muscle and soft tissue of an animal used for food or sacrificial offering (Ex 12:8); 5. LN 9.1–9.23 human, i.e., a male or female person who is of the class of humanity, with a focus that this class of being is made of soft-tissue which can perish and decompose (Dt 5:26[EB 23]); 6. LN 8.9–8.69 genitalia, formally, flesh, i.e., the male or female sex organs as a soft-tissue area of the body (Lev 15:2, 19); 7. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: עֶצֶם וְ־ בָּשָׂר (ʿě·ṣěm w- bā·śār) near kin, close relation, flesh and blood, formally, bone and flesh, i.e., one who is a blood relative of a next generation, as a figurative extension that a person has the same corporeal mass that has been passed on through the seed of reproduction (Ge 2:23; 29:14; 37:27); note: Pr 3:8 see 9218; 8. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: בָּשָׂר עָרְלָה (bā·śār ʿār·lā(h)) foreskin, formally flesh of the penis, i.e., the surrounding flesh at the tip of the penis (Ge 17:11, 14, 23, 24, 25; Lev 12:3+); 9. LN 36.31–36.43 unit: לֵב בָּשָׂר (lēḇ bā·śār) responsive, formally, heart of flesh, i.e., have a response to God, with a focus on being alive, as a figurative extension of having a heart made of soft-tissue and alive; so it can be flexible, or penetrated (Eze 11:19; 36:26+); 10. LN 25.12–25.32 unit: גָּדֵל בָּשָׂר (gā·ḏēl bā·śār) lustful, formally, great of flesh, i.e., a strong sexual desire (Eze 16:26+), note: WBC28:229 translates as an explicit euphemism of a large male member; 11. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: מִחְיָה בָּשָׂר חַי (miḥ·yā(h) bā·śār ḥǎy)2 raw flesh, formally, very alive flesh (Lev 13:10+), see also domain LN 8; 12. LN 34.42–34.49 unit: עֶצֶם ־ִי וְ־ בָּשָׂר (ʿě·ṣěm i-y w- bā·śār) closely associated, formally, my bone and flesh, i.e., be in a family-like relationship, as a figurative extension of being a blood relative (Jdg 9:2; 2Sa 5:1; 19:13[EB 12],14[EB 13]; 1Ch 11:1+), note: some parse Ps 53:6[EB 5] as 6799; note: some parse Job 7:15; Ps 22:18[EB 17], as 6799; 13. LN 78.44–78.50 unit: מִן נֶפֶשׁ וְ־ עַד בָּשָׂר (min ně·p̄ěš w- ʿǎḏ bā·śār) completely, formally, from soul and to flesh, i.e., pertaining to a degree of totality (Isa 10:18+); 14. LN 21.6–21.8 unit: נָשָׂא בָּשָׂר בְּ־ שֵׁן ־ִי (nā·śā(ʾ) bā·śār b- šēn i-y) put in jeopardy, formally, place meat in my teeth, i.e., be in a state of danger as a figurative extension of an animal taking the prey in its mouth, or more likely, as a figurative extension of the very unstable (ridiculous) state of trying to hold up your own body by grabbing yourself with the teeth (Job 13:14)

1415 בְּשֹׂרָה (beśō·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1309; TWOT 291b—1. LN 33.189–33.217 news, i.e., a message that informs or announces, in some contexts the message is perceived as good (2Sa 18:20, 25, 27; 2Ki 7:9+); 2. LN 57.152–57.171 messenger’s fee (1Sa 18:22; 2Sa 4:10+)

1416 בַּשֶּׁבֶת (bǎš·šě·ḇěṯ): n.pr.—LN 93-pers. (male) Basshebeth: part of a compound name Josheb-Basshebeth, see 3783

1417 בְּשַׁגַּם (bešǎg·gǎm): pt.; ≡ Str 7683; TWOT 2324—see 928 + 8611 + 1685 (Ge 6:3+), note: some parse as prep. (928) and qal inf. of 8704 + 3mp. (4392)

בּשׁל (bšl) or בשׁל (bšl): see 1418

1418 בָּשַׁל (bā·šǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1310; TWOT 292—1. LN 46 (qal) boil, seethe, i.e., cook a food in water (Eze 24:5+); (piel) (2Ch 35:15b); (pual) (Lev 6:21[EB 28]); 2. LN 23.197–23.204 (qal) be ripe, i.e., to have fruit mature and be ready to harvest (Joel 4:13[EB 3:13]); (hif) ripen (Ge 40:10+); 3. LN 46 (piel) roast, spit-roast, i.e., cook an animal over an open fire (Dt 16:7; 2Ch 35:15a); 4. LN 46 bake, i.e., cook bread in an oven (2Sa 13:8); 5. LN 7.26–7.53 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ בָּשַׁל (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- bā·šǎl) (piel) kitchen, formally, house of the cooking (Eze 46:24), note: see also 4453

1419 בָּשֵׁל (bā·šēl): adj.; ≡ Str 1311; TWOT 292a—LN 79.70–79.77 boiled, i.e., pertaining to being cooked in water, as the feature of a food object (Ex 12:9; Nu 6:19+)

1420 בִּשְׁלָם (biš·lām): n.pr. [Holladay: unknown]; ≡ Str 1312;—LN 93-pers. (male) (most versions) Bishlam: officer of Persian king (Ezr 4:7+), note: NJB, reads text as 928 + 3731, NEB, REB, NAB, apparently reads texts 928 + 8967; note: for other text solutions, see WBC16:54, see also BHS ftn

1421 I. בָּשָׁן (bā·šān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1316; TWOT 293a—LN 93-place (terr) Bashan: an area E and NE of Lake Galilee (Dt 3:10, 13; 4:43)

1422 II. בָּשָׁן (bā·šān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1316;—LN 4.51–4.57 serpent, reptile snake, i.e., limbless scaled reptile (Dt 33:22; Ps 68:23[EB 22]+), note: for another interpretation, see 1421

1423 בָּשְׁנָה (bāš·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1317; TWOT 222b—LN 87.58–87.75 disgrace, shame, i.e., a state of low status (Hos 10:6+)

בּשׁס (bšs) or בשׁס (bšs): see 1424

1424 בָּשַׁס (bā·šǎs): v.; ≡ Str 1318; TWOT 294—LN 19.43–19.54 (poel) trample, i.e., to press by stepping down on (Am 5:11+), note: see also BHS ftn, WBC31:343, KB3 (165p) suggests switching consonants to שׁבס (šbs) “exact a grain tax,” which would fit the context well in synonymous parallelism, see 8677.5

1425 בֹּשֶׁת (bō·šěṯ): n.fem. [see also 1425.5]; ≡ Str 1322; TWOT 222b—1. LN 87.58–87.75 shame, disgrace, i.e., of low status (Ezr 9:7; Ps 69:20[EB 19]; Isa 61:7; Jer 2:26); 2. LN 25.189–25.202 humiliation, i.e., a shame with an emphasis on the attitude and emotion (1Sa 20:30; Zep 3:5)

בֹּשֶׁת (bō·šěṯ): n.pr. [served by 1425]; ≡ Str 1322; TWOT 222b—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Bosheth: pagan idol-god of shame (Jer 3:24; 11:13; Hos 9:10+), note: “shameful god(sing.)” or “shameful idol,” (NIV), this is a disparaging name for 1251.5; also part of a compound name, Ish-Bosheth, see also 410

1426 I. בַּת (bǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1323; TWOT 254b—1. LN 10.14–10.48 daughter, i.e., the female offspring of a parent (Ge 30:21); also part of a compound name, see Bath Rabbim, see 1442; 2. LN 9.34–9.40 women, formally, daughters, i.e., any woman of marriageable age (Ge 30:13; Jdg 12:9b), note: in some contexts this can refer to a young woman of marriageable age; 3. LN 1.88–1.94 environs, suburbs, surrounding outer settlement, i.e., a village or settlement which is in the perimeter of a larger (often walled), central city (Nu 21:25); 4. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: בַּת אָב (bǎṯ ʾāḇ) half-sister, formally, daughter of my father, a sibling with a different mother (Ge 20:12a); 5. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: בַּת אֵם (bǎṯ ʾēm) sister, formally, daughter of my mother, a fully related female sibling with the same mother (Ge 20:12b); 6. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: בַּת בֵּן (bǎṯ bēn)1 granddaughter, formally, daughter of son, i.e., a female offspring of one’s own offspring (Ge 46:7); 7. LN 88.139–88.143 unit: בַּת בְּלִיַּעַל (bǎṯ beliy·yǎ·ʿǎl) wicked woman (1Sa 1:16); 8. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: בַּת מֶלֶךְ (bǎṯ mě·lěḵ)1 princess, formally, daughter of the king (Ps 45:14[EB 13]); 9. LN 67.142–67.162 unit: בַּת (bǎṯ) … שָׁנָה (šā·nā(h)) 2 [certain age] old, formally, daughter of [certain age] years, i.e., a marker of a period of time as an age of a female (Ge 17:17); 10. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: בַּת־שָׁנָה (bǎṯ-·šā·nā(h))2 one-year-old female, i.e., pertaining to one complete year (Ge 17:17); 11. LN 10.1–10.13 unit: בַּת דּוֹד (bǎṯ dôḏ) cousin, formally, daughter of an uncle, a female relation based in blood or marriage (Est 2:7); 12. LN 11.1–11.11 unit: בַּת עַם (bǎṯ ʿǎm)2 people, formally, daughter of the people, i.e., persons who collectively related to one another, with a possible focus on having tender care for (Jer 8:21); 13. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: בַּת אִישׁוֹן (bǎṯ ʾî·šôn) pupil, formally, daughter of the eye, i.e., center of the eyeball, a tender and vulnerable spot of the body, as a precious part of the body (Ps 17:8+), note: NIV translates with the English idiom “apple of the eye,” see also domain LN 25.33–25.58; 14. LN 9.34–9.40 unit: בְּתוּלָה בַּת (beṯû·lā(h) bǎṯ)1 virgin daughter, i.e., a young woman who has not had sex, and is not married (Jdg 19:24); 15. LN 9.34–9.40 unit: בְּתוּלָה בַּת (beṯû·lā(h) bǎṯ)1 dear one, one cared for, loved one, formally, virgin daughter, a young woman who is loved by the father, with the associated meaning of being pure, innocent, and under the protection and care of the father (2Ki 19:21; Isa 23:12; 37:22, 22; 47:1, 1; Jer 46:11; La 1:15; 2:10, 13+); 16. LN 4.38–4.46 unit: בַּת ט יַעֲנָה (bǎṯ ṭ yǎ·ʿǎnā(h)) bird, formally, daughter of greed, or daughter of wilderness, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; (NIV, KJV, NJB) a kind of owl (Lev 11:16; Dt 14:15; Job 30:29; Isa 13:21; 34:13; 43:20; Jer 50:39; Mic 1:8+); (ASV, NASB, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, NAB, Tanakh) female ostrich Struthio camelus

1427 II. בַּת (bǎṯ): n.fem. or masc.; ≡ Str 1324; TWOT 298a—LN 81.20–81.24 bath, i.e., an OT liquid measure, about five and one half to six American gallons (22 liters) (1Ki 7:26, 38; 2Ch 2:9[EB 10]; 4:5; Isa 5:10; Eze 45:10, 11,14+), note: for MT text in 1Ki 5:25 see 4123; note: some sources (based on archaeological data) base both OT and NT as 5–6 gallon; some see both OT and NT as 8–9 gallons (based in Josephus Jos. Ant. 8:2:9); and yet others refer to the OT as smaller and the NT as larger. Editor thinks probably both are best understood as 5–6 gallons.

1428 III. בַּת (bǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1004; TWOT 241—LN 6.152–6.187 garment (2Ki 23:7+), note: in context, this is a woven garment; note: another parsing of this form could be 1074

1429 בָּתָה (bā·ṯā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1326; TWOT 298c—LN 1.86–1.87 wasteland, desolated land, i.e., an area where nothing cultivated grows (Isa 5:6+)

1430 בֹּתָה (bō·ṯā(h)): n.fem.—LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, i.e., the state of ruin and desolation (2Ch 34:6 K+), note: another parsing is 1074, MT Q translates, “he inspected the temples,” 1047 + 1074; NIV changes text to 1047 + 2999; still others change text to 928 + 8148 + 1074; WBC15:275 cj as 1277 + 1047; note: yet another option, in keeping more strictly with the Q, read as 1047 + 1430, “he chose destruction of them;” which of these solutions is right is not decided by this editor

1431 בַּתָּה (bǎt·tā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1327; TWOT 298b—LN 1.46–1.50 steep ravine, precipice, i.e., specifically the face of a steep cliff (Isa 7:19+)

1432 I. בְּתוּאֵל (beṯû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1328;—LN 93-pers. (male) Bethuel: father of Rebekah, nephew of Abraham (Ge 22:22, 23; 24:15, 24, 47, 50; 25:20; 28:2, 5+)

1433 II. בְּתוּאֵל (beṯû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1328;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bethuel: : town of Simeon (1Ch 4:30+), see also 1434

1434 בְּתוּל (beṯûl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1329;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bethul: town of Simeon (Jos 19:4+), see also 1433

1435 בְּתוּלָה (beṯû·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1330; TWOT 295a—1. LN 9.34–9.40 virgin, i.e., a mature young woman that has never had sexual intercourse, and under the authority and protection of the father (Ge 24:16; Ex 22:15[EB 16]; Est 2:2); 2. LN 9.34–9.40 young women, i.e., a class of young female, though the class may be virgins, the focus is on the youth group (Dt 32:25; Ps 148:12; Jer 31:13; Am 8:13), cf. also 1436; 3. LN 9.34–9.40 unit: בְּתוּלָה בַּת (beṯû·lā(h) bǎṯ)1 dear one, one cared for, loved one, formally, virgin daughter, a young woman who is loved by the father, with the associated meaning of being pure, innocent, and under the protection and care of the father (2Ki 19:21; Isa 23:12; 37:22, 22; 47:1, 1; Jer 46:11; La 1:15; 2:10, 13+)

1436 בְּתוּלִים (beṯû·lîm): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1331; TWOT 295b—1. LN 9.39 virginity, i.e., the state of being a female virgin (Lev 21:13; Jdg 11:37, 38; Eze 23:3+); 2. LN 33.476–33.489 proof of virginity, token, i.e., cloth with blood proving that a woman is in fact a virgin on the first marriage night (Dt 22:14, 15, 17,20+), cf. also 1435

1437 בִּתְיָה (biṯ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1332;—LN 93-pers. (female) Bithiah: daughter of a Pharaoh (1Ch 4:18+)

בָּתִּים (bāt·tîm): see 1074 2Ki 23:7 cj, see 1428

בּתק (btq) or בתק (btq): see 1438

1438 בָּתַק (bā·ṯǎq): v.; ≡ Str 1333; TWOT 296—LN 20.61–20.88 (piel) kill by cutting with a sword, i.e., slaughter by being hacked with a sword (Eze 16:40+)

בִתְקוֹמְמֶיךָ (ḇiṯ·qô·memê·ḵā) BDB: see 7756 or 9539

בּתר (btr) or בתר (btr): see 1439

1439 בָּתַר (bā·ṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1334; TWOT 297—LN 19.14–19.26 (qal pf.) Ge 15:10a+ (piel impf.) cut in pieces (Ge 15:10b+), note: in context the meat is cut in halves

1440 I. בֶּתֶר (bě·ṯěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1335; TWOT 297a—LN 63.13–63.20 piece, part, i.e., a portion of a whole (Ge 15:10; Jer 34:18, 19+), note: in context these are half pieces

1441 II. בֶּתֶר (bě·ṯěr): n.[masc.] [see also 1441.5]; ≡ Str 1336;—1. LN 1.51 gorge, ravine, steep valley (SS 2:17+) note: LXX pictures the steep, cavernous, pocked walls of a valley or mountain wall; for another interp, see next; 2. LN 79.84–79.87 ruggedness (SS 2:17+); 3. LN 79.45–79.47 fragrance (SS 2:17+), note: as a place, see 1441.5

בֶּתֶר (bě·ṯěr): n.pr. [Holladay: RIVER?] [served by 1441]; ≡ Str 1336;—LN 93-place (loc.) (KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASB, NEB ftn, NJB ftn, NAB) Bether: possibly a town west of Jerusalem (SS 2:17+), for another interp see 1441, note: others interpret this as a semi-mythical place of fragrant spices, and not an actual geographical location

1442 בַּת־רַבִּים (bǎṯ-·rǎb·bîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1337;—LN 93-place (loc.) Bath Rabbim: town E of the Jordan (SS 7:5[EB 4]+), note: some place this as an area in Heshbon

1443 בִּתְרוֹן (biṯ·rôn): n.pr. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 1338;—LN 93-place (terr) (NIV, KJV, NKJV, ASV, Tanakh) Bithron: place which is an approach to Mahanaim (2Sa 2:29+), note: others see this as a common place, or even a period of time, see 1443.5

בִּתְרוֹן (biṯ·rôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1338;—1. LN 1.51–1.59 gully, ravine, i.e., wadi area (2Sa 2:29+); 2. LN 67.163–67.200 a period of time: from the sunrise to midday (NASB, NAB, NJB, NEB, REB, NLT) all morning; (RSV, NRSV) forenoon (2Sa 2:29+), note: as a n.pr.loc., see 1443

בַּת־שָׁבַע (bǎṯ-·šā·ḇǎʿ): see 1444 (1Ki 1:28; Ps 51:1[EB title]+)

1444 בַּת־שֶׁבַע (bǎṯ-·šě·ḇǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1339;—LN 93-pers. (female) Bathsheba: wife of Uriah, and later David (2Sa 11:3; 12:24; 1Ki 1:11, 15, 16, 28, 31; 2:13, 18, 19; Ps 51:2[EB title]+), note: for MT text in 1Ch 3:5, see 1445

1445 בַּת־שׁוּעַ (bǎṯ-·šûaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1340;—LN 93-pers. (female) Bathshua: of Canaan, wife of Judah (Ge 38:12; 1Ch 2:3+), note: NIV translates as 1426 + 8781; note: for NIV text in 1Ch 3:5, see 1444

ג

1446 ג (g): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

1447 גֵּא (gē(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 1341; TWOT 299a—LN 88.206–88.222 proud, haughty, i.e., pertaining to being arrogant (Isa 16:6+)

גּאה (gʾh) or גאה (gʾh): see 1448

1448 גָּאָה (gā·ʾā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1342; TWOT 299—1. LN 87.4–87.18 (qal) be exalted, i.e., to be given honor in relation to status (Ex 15:1,21+); 2. LN 23.188–23.196 (qal) grow tall, i.e., grow to a greater height (Job 8:11+); 3. LN 17.29–17.33 (qal) stand tall, i.e., to straighten up one’s posture (Job 10:16+); 4. LN 15.101–15.106 ascend, i.e., raise a water level (Eze 47:5+), see also domain LN 14.17–14.35

1449 גֵּאָה (gē·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1344; TWOT 299c—LN 88.206–88.222 pride, haughtiness, arrogance, i.e., undue or unwarranted hubris (Pr 8:13+)

1450 גֵּאֶה (gē·ʾě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 1343; TWOT 299b—LN 88.206–88.222 proud, haughty, i.e., pertaining to an undue arrogance as a moral failure (Job 40:11, 12; Ps 94:2; 140:6[EB 5]; Pr 15:25; 16:19; Isa 2:12; Jer 48:29+)

1451 גְּאוּאֵל (geʾû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1345;—LN 93-pers. (male) Geuel: of Gad, an explorer (Nu 13:15+)

1452 גַּאֲוָה (gǎ·ʾǎwā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1346; TWOT 299d—1. LN 14.17–14.35 surging water, i.e., the violent agitating of a large body of water (Ps 46:4[EB 3]); 2. LN 87.19–87.57 majesty, glory, triumph, i.e., having high status or rank (Ps 68:35[EB 34]), note: in Job 41:7[EB 15] NIV reads as 1568; 3. LN 88.206–88.222 pride, arrogance, conceit, i.e., the undue warranting of high status, as a moral failure (Ps 31:19; Isa 16:6; Isa 25:11; Jer 48:29)

גְּאוּלָה (geʾû·lā(h)): see 1460 (Ru 4:7+)

1453 גְּאוּלִים (geʾû·lîm): n.[masc.] [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.pl. of 1457]; ≡ Str 1350; TWOT 300—1. LN 37.127–37.138 redemption, i.e., the act. of releasing or setting free (Isa 63:4+); 2. LN 67.142–67.162 unit: שָׁנָה גְּאוּלִים (šā·nā(h) geʾû·lîm) time of the “goel” blood revenge, i.e., a period of time that implies restoration to a previous state (Isa 63:4+)

1454 גָּאוֹן (gā·ʾôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1347; TWOT 299e—1. LN 87.19–87.57 majesty, splendor, glory, i.e., having high status or rank (Ex 15:7; Job 40:10; Isa 2:10); 2. LN 88.206–88.222 pride, arrogance, conceit, i.e., the undue warranting of high status, as a moral failure (Lev 26:19); 3. LN 3.13–3.32 lush high thickets (Jer 12:5; 49:19; 50:44; Zec 11:3)

1455 גֵּאוּת (gē·ʾûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1348; TWOT 299f—1. LN 87.19–87.57 majesty, glory, splendor, i.e., having high status or rank (Ps 93:1; Isa 12:5; 26:10+); 2. LN 88.206–88.222 pride, arrogance, conceit, i.e., the undue warranting of high status, as a moral failure (Ps 17:10; Isa 28:1, 3+); 3. LN 14.17–14.35 surging sea, i.e., the violent agitating of a large body of water which rises up and down (Ps 89:10[EB 9]+); 4. LN 1.37 column of smoke, i.e., small hot particles of carbon ascending because of the heat, in the shape of a funnel or column (Isa 9:17[EB 18]+)

גֵּאָיֹח (gē·ʾā·yōḥ), גֵּאָיוֹח (gē·ʾāy·wōḥ) Holladay: see 1628

1456 גַּאֲיוֹן (gǎ·ʾǎyôn): adj.; ≡ Str 1349; TWOT 299g—LN 88.206–88.222 arrogant, i.e., pertaining to being proud (Ps 123:4 K+), note: some parse Q as 4200 + 1450 + 3435, see also BHS ftn

גאייונים (gʾyywnym) BDB: see 1456

גֵּאָיוֹת (gē·ʾāy·wōṯ) BDB: see 1628

גּאל (gʾl)[1] or I. גאל (gʾl): see 1457

גּאל (gʾl)[2] or II. גאל (gʾl): see 1458

1457 I. גָּאַל (gā·ʾǎl): v. [see also 1459.5]; ≡ Str 1350; TWOT 300—1. LN 21.17–21.24 (qal) deliver, save, formally, redeem, i.e., remove an object from a dangerous situation as an extension of being redeemed from indenture or slavery (Ex 6:6); (qal pass.) redeemed, i.e., pertaining to an object or person who has been delivered from danger by being purchased from indenture or slavery, with a focus on the relationship to the new master (Ps 107:2; Isa 35:9; 51:10; 62:12+), note: often in context this is a relationship of salvation to the LORD, see also domain LN 21.25–21.32; 2. LN 57.186–57.188 (qal) buy back, redeem, i.e., purchase back an item or person, with money or goods, that had been sold at a prior time (Lev 25:25); (nif) bought, redeemed (Lev 25:30, 49, 54; 27:20, 27, 28, 33; Isa 52:3+)

1458 II. גָּאַל (gā·ʾǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1351; TWOT 301—1. LN 53.33–53.40 (nif) unclean, defiled, i.e., pertaining to being in a ceremonially unclean state and so not acceptable as covenantal behavior (La 4:14; Zep 3:1+); (piel) defile, i.e., cause to become ceremonially unclean (Mal 1:7b+); (pual) unclean, defiled (Ezr 2:62; Ne 7:64; Mal 1:7a, 12+); (hitp) defile himself (Da 1:8+); 2. LN 79.48–79.56 (nif) stained, i.e., pertaining to a discoloration on an object such as clothing or body, which is not warranted or on purpose, and so be in a dirty or spotted condition (Isa 59:3+); (aphel) stain (Isa 63:3+), note: aphel is a type of causative stem; note: some parse as nif

1459 גֹּאַל (gō·ʾǎl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1352; TWOT 301a—LN 53.33–53.40 defilement, ceremonial pollution, i.e., a state of ritual unacceptability (Ne 13:29+)

גֹּאֵל (gō·ʾēl): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc. of 1457]; ≡ Str 1352; TWOT 301a—1. LN 10.1–10.13 kinsman-redeemer, redemptor, i.e., a relative near of kin, who buys an object from indenture or slavery, or possession and control, as an obligation to help a widow (Ru 4:6), note: part of the obligation is to marry the widow, see also LN 57.186–57.188; 2. LN 57.186–57.188 kinsman-buyer, redeemer, i.e., one who purchases an object that had been previously sold (Lev 25:25b), see also LN 10.1–10.13; 3. LN 39.33 kinsman-avenger, formally, redeemer, i.e., a relative who will provide personal justice for the murder of a relative as a figurative extension of buying back the life of the victim (Nu 35:12; 2Sa 14:11); note: in some contexts, it may not be a near relative, see also LN 57.186–57.188; 4. LN 12.1–12.42 Redeemer, i.e., a title of God, with a focus that he has redeemed or bought back a person from an unfavorable circumstance, and so now has a protective relationship with the one redeemed (Job 19:25; Ps 19:15[EB 14]; 78:35; 103:4; Pr 23:11; Isa 41:14; 43:14; 44:6, 24; 47:4; 48:17; 49:7, 26; 54:5, 8; 59:20; 60:16; 63:16; Jer 50:34+)

גֹּאֶל (gō·ʾěl) BDB: see 1459

1460 גְּאֻלָּה (geʾǔl·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1353; TWOT 300b—1. LN 37.127–37.138 redemption, right of buying back, i.e., a state of being set free from a temporary ownership through purchase (Lev 25:24, 26, 29, 29, 31, 32, 48, 51, 52; Ru 4:6, 7; Jer 32:8+); 2. LN 10.1–10.13 kinsman-redemption, i.e., the state of a relative near of kin, who buys an object from indenture or slavery, or possession and control (Jer 32:7; Eze 11:15+), see also LN 57.186–57.188

1461 I. גַּב (gǎḇ): n.masc. occasionally fem.; ≡ Str 1354; TWOT 303a—1. LN 8 eyebrow, i.e., a part of the human body (Lev 14:9+); 2. LN 6.52–6.53 rim of a wheel, i.e., a part of a wheel for a vehicle (1Ki 7:33; Eze 1:18+); 3. LN 1.46–1.50 a mound (Ps 129:3; Eze 16:24, 31, 39; 43:13+), note: for NIV text in Eze 43:13, see 1470; 4. LN 8 back, i.e., a body part (Eze 10:12+); 5. LN 6.29–6.40 boss of a shield, i.e., the strong, convex projection of a shield (Job 15:26+)

1462 II. גַּב (gǎḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1354; TWOT 303a—LN 33.180–33.188 (most versions) defense, answer, rejoinder, retort, i.e., a verbal response to a proposition or accusation (Job 13:12+), note: oth read as 1461; note: (NJB, NEB, REB, Tanakh) translates “arguments, retorts”

גָּב (gāḇ) BDB: see 1463, 1464

1463 I. גֵּב (gēḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1356; TWOT 323a—1. LN 1.51–1.59 an excavation of earth, i.e., a ditch (2Ki 3:16+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 1.69–1.78 cistern, i.e., a shaft in ground to hold water (2Ki 3:16; Jer 14:3+), note: 2Ki 25:12; Jer 52:16 see also 3320; 3. LN 80 hollow, cavity, i.e., an empty space (1Ki 6:9+), for another interp, see 1464

1464 II. גֵּב (gēḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1356; TWOT 323a—LN 7.63–7.76 (pl.) architectural structure, i.e., variously interpreted as wooden beams or rafters or a stone structure, panelings, etc. (1Ki 6:9+), for another interp, see 1463, note: see also BHS ftn

גֵּב (gēḇ) Lisowsky: see 1466 Isa 33:4+

גֹּב (gōḇ) Lisowsky: see 1570, 1571

1465 גֶּבֶא (gě·ḇě(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1360; TWOT 302a—1. LN 1.69–1.78 cistern, a water-holding pit in the ground (Isa 30:14+), for another interp, see next; note: some translate this as a “puddle”; 2. LN 1.69–1.78 marsh, a low-land area with an open pool of water not potable (Isa 30:14; Eze 47:11+), see also domain LN 1.51–1.59

גּבהּ (gbh) or גבהּ (gbh): see 1467

1466 גֵּבָה (gē·ḇā(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1357; TWOT 304a—LN 4.47–4.50 unit: מַשָּׁק גֵּבָה (mǎš·šāq gē·ḇā(h)) swarm of locusts, formally, onslaught of swarm, i.e., insect group known for its swarming and destruction of vegetation (Isa 33:4+)

גֵּבֶה (gē·ḇě(h)): see 1466

1467 גָּבַהּ (gā·ḇǎh): v.; ≡ Str 1361; TWOT 305—1. LN 81.3–81.11 (qal) be tall, tower high, i.e., be in an elevated spatial position or dimension (1Sa 10:23; Job 35:5; Isa 55:9a; Eze 19:11; 31:5, 10, 14+); (hif) make high, grow tall, i.e., make an object be in an elevated position or dimension (2Ch 33:14; Job 5:7; 39:27; Ps 113:5; Pr 17:19; Isa 7:11; Jer 49:16; Eze 17:24; Ob 4+); 2. LN 87.19–87.57 (qal) exalt, i.e., to assign or give high status to an object as an extension of being spatially high in elevation (Job 36:7; Isa 5:16; 52:13+); (hif) exalt (Eze 21:31[EB 26]+), see also domain LN 33.354–33.364; 3. LN 88.206–88.222 (qal) be proud, haughty, arrogant, i.e., exaltation of self, as a moral failure (2Ch 26:16; 32:25; Ps 131:1; Pr 18:12; Isa 3:16; Jer 13:15; Eze 16:50; 28:2, 5, 17; Zep 3:11+); 4. LN 25.68–25.79 (qal) be devoted, formally, exalt, i.e., have a state of zeal and eagerness, with an implication of giving oneself to a behavior, as an extension of assigning high status to an object and so placing high value to it (2Ch 17:6+); 5. LN 32.19–32.23 (qal) hard to understand, formally, high, i.e., not be able to have a functional understanding of a principle or subject as a figurative extension of an object being in a high elevation and so not be able to be clearly seen (Isa 55:9b)

1468 גָּבֵהַּ (gā·ḇēah): adj.; ≡ Str 1362, 1364;—1. LN 88.206–88.222 proud, haughty, arrogant, i.e., pertaining to exaltation of self, as a moral failure (Ps 101:5; Pr 16:5; Ecc 7:8+); 2. LN 81.3–81.11 high, towered, i.e., pertaining to being in an elevated spatial position or dimension (Eze 31:3+), note: see also 1469

1469 גָּבֹהַּ (gā·ḇōah): adj.; ≡ Str 1364; TWOT 305a—1. LN 88.206–88.222 proud, haughty, i.e., pertaining to an exalted view of self that is improper and so a moral failure (1Sa 2:3; Job 41:26[EB 34]; Ps 138:6; Isa 5:15; Eze 21:31[EB 26]); 2. LN 81.3–81.11 high, tall, i.e., pertaining to be of a lofty spatial dimension (Ge 7:19; Dt 3:5; 1Sa 9:2; Est 7:9; Eze 41:22), see also 1468; 3. LN 37.48–37.95 high official, i.e., a person of power and status (Ecc 5:7a[EB 8a])

1470 גֹּבַהּ (gō·ḇǎh): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1363; TWOT 305b—1. LN 81.3–81.11 tallness, height, i.e., a lofty spatial dimension (1Sa 17:4; 2Ch 3:4; Eze 1:18); 2. LN 87.19–87.57 splendor, majesty, glory, i.e., be viewed as having high status (Job 40:10); 3. LN 88.206–88.222 pride, haughtiness, conceit, i.e., an exalted view of self that is improper and so a moral failure (2Ch 32:26; Ps 10:4; Pr 16:18; Jer 48:29), note: NIV in Eze 43:13 see 1463

1471 גַּבְהוּת (gǎḇ·hûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1365; TWOT 305c—LN 88.206–88.222 arrogance, haughtiness, conceit, as a negative moral attribute (Isa 2:11, 17+)

גבול (gbwl) BDB: see 1472

1472 גָּבוֹל (gā·ḇôl): ; ≡ Str 1419; TWOT 315d—see 1524 (Jos 15:47 K+), see also 1473

1473 גְּבוּל (geḇûl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1366; TWOT 307a—1. LN 1.82–1.85 territory, region, district, i.e., a land region as a governmental administrative area, as a smaller unit of the whole of a nation’s land (Jos 12:4); 2. LN 80.5–80.7 boundary, border, i.e., the outer limit of an area or space (Nu 22:36), see also 1474; 3. LN 7.59–7.62 wall, formally, boundary, i.e., a construction with a focus on this barrier as an outer limit of constructed area or space (Eze 40:12)

1474 גְּבוּלָה (geḇû·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1367; TWOT 307b—1. LN 80.5–80.7 boundary, i.e., a limit of a geographical space (Nu 32:33; 34:2, 12; Dt 32:8; Jos 18:20; 19:49; Ps 74:17; Isa 10:13+), see also 1473; note: this boundary refers to a coastland or a highland; 2. LN 6.54–6.67 boundary stone, i.e., a marker for setting limits for farming or grazing limits (Job 24:2+); 3. LN 1.60–1.68 border-strips of a field, i.e., a border strip of land (Isa 28:25+)

1475 גִּבּוֹר (gib·bôr): adj. [see also 1475.5]; ≡ Str 1368; TWOT 310b—1. LN 79.62–79.69 mighty, powerful, i.e., pertaining to being strong (Pr 30:30; Ps 112:2); 2. LN 76 mighty, i.e., pertaining to having political or military force (Da 11:3); 3. LN 9 unit: אֵל גִּבּוֹר (ʾēl gib·bôr) Mighty God, i.e., title of One on David’s throne (Isa 9:5; 10:21), note: the idiom may have a focus on the might or power of the individual and not the deity, based on the meaning of אֵל (ʾēl), though others see it as a crux for the deity of Messiah, see also domain LN 12; 4. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: אֵל גִּבּוֹר (ʾēl gib·bôr) mighty leader (Eze 32:21+)

גִּבּוֹר (gib·bôr): n.masc. [served by 1475]; ≡ Str 1368; TWOT 310b—1. LN 55.14–55.22 mighty warrior, valiant soldier, i.e., mighty hero who is very capable of defense or attack (1Sa 2:4; Ps 33:16), note: see also domain LN 74; 2. LN 87.19–87.57 unit: גִּבּוֹר חַיִל (gib·bôr ḥǎ·yil) prominence, one of standing, i.e., a community leader of influence (Ru 2:1; Ezr 7:28); 3. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: גִּבּוֹר חַיִל (gib·bôr ḥǎ·yil) the best of the fighting men (Jos 10:7); 4. LN 88.283–88.288 unit: גִּבּוֹר לְ־ שָׁתָה (gib·bôr l- šā·ṯā(h))2 mighty at drinking wine, i.e., drunkards able to hold their liquor (Isa 5:22)

גִּבּוֹר (gib·bôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1368; TWOT 310b—LN 93-place (loc.) unit: בַּיִת הַ־ גִּבּוֹר (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- gib·bôr) House of the Heroes, i.e., an unknown area of the barracks, or possibly a tomb area memorializing soldiers (Ne 3:16)

1476 גְּבוּרָה (geḇû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1369; TWOT 310c—1. LN 76 power, strength, might, i.e., the force or power in comparison to others, with the focus on the majestic awe ascribed to the one possessing this power (Job 39:19), see also LN 74, and LN 79.62–79.69; 2. LN 39.52–39.61 victory, formally, power, i.e., a state of the defeat of an enemy and so conquer them (Ex 32:18); 3. LN 55.14–55.22 warrior, strong man, formally, power, i.e., a soldier strong and capable to defeat an enemy (Isa 3:25); 4. LN 42.7–42.28 achievement, formally, ability, i.e., what has been accomplished or performed to a completion (1Ki 15:23), see also domain LN 68.22–68.33

1477 גִּבֵּחַ (gib·bēaḥ): adj.; ≡ Str 1371; TWOT 306a—LN 8.9–8.69 bald, i.e., pertaining to a forehead without hair, as a feature of an object (Lev 13:41+), see also 1478

1478 גַּבַּחַת (gǎb·bǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1372; TWOT 306b—1. LN 8 bald forehead, i.e., a part of the body on the head having a receding hairline (Lev 13:42,43+), see also 1477; 2. LN 6.152–6.187 bare spot on a cloth garment, apparently the front of the garment (Lev 13:55+)

1479 גֹּבַי (gō·ḇǎy): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1462; TWOT 304b—LN 4.47–4.50 (coll.) swarm of locust (Am 7:1; Na 3:17+)

1480 גַּבַּי (gǎb·bǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1373;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gabbai: of Benjamin (Ne 11:8+)

גַּבַּי סַלָּי (gǎb·bǎy sǎl·lāy): see 1480

גָּבִים (gā·ḇîm) BDB: see 1481

1481 גֵּבִים (gē·ḇîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1374;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gebim: town in Benjamin, on invasion route (Isa 10:31+)

1482 גְּבִינָה (geḇî·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1385; TWOT 308b—LN 5.1–5.22 cheese, yogurt, curds, i.e., milk food product processed by a curdling (Job 10:10+), note: the exact consistency is not known

1483 גָּבִיעַ (gā·ḇîaʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1375; TWOT 309b—1. LN 6.118–6.151 container for drinking, drinking cup, drinking bowl (Ge 44:2,12, 16, 17; Jer 35:5+); 2. LN 6.106–6.117 flower cup, i.e., a representation of a flower-cup for adorning a sacred object (Ex 25:31, 33,34; 37:17, 19,20+), note: though this item has a container shape, there is no focus on the function of a vessel in this word

1484 גְּבִיר (geḇîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1376; TWOT 310d—LN 37.48–37.95 lord, master, i.e., one who rules or has authority over others (Ge 27:29, 37+)

1485 גְּבִירָה (geḇî·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1377; TWOT 310d—1. LN 37.48–37.95 mistress, i.e., a female lord in authority or possession of another (Ge 16:4, 8, 9; 2Ki 5:3; Ps 123:2; Pr 30:23; Isa 24:2+); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 queen, a female ruler by marriage (1Ki 11:19+), note: often a queen was a figure-head ruler, with notable exceptions such as Jezebel, see also 1509; 3. LN 37.48–37.95 office of queen mother, i.e., a female in authority as mother of the king, having the highest status of the females in the royal household (1Ki 15:13; 2Ki 10:13; 2Ch 15:16; Jer 13:18; 29:2+)

1486 גָּבִישׁ (gā·ḇîš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1378; TWOT 311a—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: (Holladay, KJV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, NJB, Tanakh, LXX) rock-crystal; (NKJV) quartz; (NIV, NAB) jasper; (NEB, REB) alabaster (Job 28:18+), note: exact identification not certain; note: etymological arguments identify as similar in appearance to an ice crystal, cf. also 453

גּבל (gbl) Holladay: see 1487

גבל (gbl)[1] KB, Lisowsky: see 1487

1487 גָּבַל (gā·ḇǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1379; TWOT 307—LN 63.28–63.31 (qal) set up a boundary, i.e., arrange limits of a geographical area (Dt 19:14; Jos 18:20; Zec 9:2+); (hif) put limits around a geographical area (Ex 19:12, 23+)

1488 גְּבַל (geḇǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1380;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gebal: city between Tripoli and Beirut, ancient Byblos, (Eze 27:9+), see also 1490; note: also called Byblos

1489 גְּבָל (geḇāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1381;—LN 93-place (terr) Gebal: in Edom, of the Salt Sea (Ps 83:8[EB 7]+)

גְּבֻל (geḇǔl): see 1473

1490 גִּבְלִי (giḇ·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1382;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Gebalite: pertaining to Gebal (Jos 13:5; 1Ki 5:32[EB 18]+), see 1488

1491 גַּבְלֻת (gǎḇ·lǔṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1383; TWOT 307c—LN 47 braiding, i.e., a twisting and turning of threads of metal in a crafted way to produce gold chain (Ex 28:22; 39:15+), note: a process of pressure and heat may have been used to somewhat compress the metal, yet keep some flexibility

1492 גִּבֵּן (gib·bēn): adj.; ≡ Str 1384; TWOT 308a—LN 79.60–79.61 (most versions) hunched, hunchbacked, i.e., pertaining to having a crooked, deformed back (Lev 21:20+), note: the NEB, REB, translate as pertaining to deformed eyebrows based in traditional renderings

גְּבִנָּה (geḇin·nā(h)): see 1482

1493 גַּבְנוֹן (gǎḇ·nôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1386; TWOT 308c—1. LN 1.46–1.50 (most versions) many-peaked land formation, i.e., a mountain range with multiple summits and so has an appearance of (NIV, NAB) ruggedness or (Tanakh) jaggedness, i.e., with an appearance that suggests wonder and majesty to the observer (Ps 68:16[EB 15],17[EB 16]+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 80.5–80.7 (ASV, KJV) summit, peak, i.e., the highest place of a mountain (Ps 68:16[EB 15],17[EB 16]+), note: the NJB translates as “haughtiness” as a figurative extension of height or summit, note: though both definitions have different ety. and seem driven by it, the first meaning is contextually more likely

גַּבְנֹן (gǎḇ·nōn) Lisowsky: see 1493

1494 גֶּבַע (gě·ḇǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1387;—LN 93-place (loc.) Geba: 1. in Benjamin, (175–140) (Jos 18:24), see also 1497(3.) note: for NIV text in Jdg 20:10, 33; 1Sa 13:16, see 1497; note: for NIV text in 2Sa 5:25, see 1500 2. in North Benjamin, (174–158) (2Ki 23:8), note: same place as 1.

גָּבִעַ (gā·ḇiaʿ): see 1483

1495 גִּבְעָא (giḇ·ʿā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1388;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gibea: grandson of Caleb (1Ch 2:49+)

1496 I. גִּבְעָה (giḇ·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1389; TWOT 309a—1. LN 1.46–1.50 hill, knoll, i.e., an area generally lower than a הַר (hǎr) (Ex 17:9), note: there are seven occurrences in which a specific hill is in mind, and possibly should be an n.pr. (Jdg 7:1; 1Sa 23:19; 1Sa 26:1, 3; 2Sa 2:24; Isa 10:32; Jer 31:39), see also 1497; 2. LN 1.46–1.50 hilltop, i.e., the summit or highest point on a hill (2Ki 16:4); 3. LN 8 unit: גִּבְעָה לְבֹנָה (giḇ·ʿā(h) leḇō·nā(h)) breasts, formally, hill of incense, i.e., a figurative extension of a body part (SS 4:6)

1497 II. גִּבְעָה (giḇ·ʿā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1390;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gibeah: 1. town of Benjamin, (Jdg 19:12; 1Sa 11:4) 2. town in the hill country of Judah (Jos 15:57) 3. town in the hill country of Ephraim (Jos 24:33) 4. Gibeah of God: an unknown site of a Philistine outpost (1Sa 10:5), note: some contexts see 1496; note: for MT text in Jdg 20:10, 33; 1Sa 13:16, see 1494

1498 גִּבְעוֹנִי (giḇ·ʿô·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1393;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Gibeonite, pertaining to Gibeon (2Sa 21:1, 2,3, 4, 9; 1Ch 12:4; Ne 3:7+), see 1500

1499 גִּבְעֹל (giḇ·ʿōl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1392; TWOT 309d—1. LN 23.188–23.196 in bud, i.e., a plant in the state of bloom, as a state of growth and maturity in a plant (Ex 9:31+); 2. LN 67.163–67.200 Gibol, i.e., the name of a month on the calendar, otherwise unknown (Ex 9:31+), note: though context allows for this meaning since אָבִיב (ʾā·ḇîḇ) is a double entendre (i.e., pun) as a month (see 26, 26.5), the most natural contextual rendering is the first entry

1500 גִּבְעֹן (giḇ·ʿōn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1391;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gibeon: town of Benjamin,, (Jos 9:3), see also 1498; note: Ne 7:25, see also 1507; note: for MT text in 2Sa 5:25, see 1494

גִּבְעֹנִי (giḇ·ʿō·nî) BDB: see 1498

1501 גִּבְעַת (giḇ·ʿǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1394;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gibeath: part of a compound name, Gibeath Haaraloth, see 1502

1502 גִּבְעַת הָעֲרָלוֹת (giḇ·ʿǎṯ hā·ʿǎrā·lôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1394;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gibeath Haaraloth: hill (Jos 5:3+)

1503 גִּבְעָתִי (giḇ·ʿā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1395;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Gibeathite: pertaining to Gibeah (1Ch 12:3+), see also 1497(1.)

גּבר (gbr) or גבר (gbr): see 1504

גְּבַר (geḇǎr) BDB: see 1505

1504 גָּבַר (gā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1396, 1399; TWOT 310a—1. LN 88.206–88.222 (hitp) show oneself arrogant, vaunt oneself, be overbearing, i.e., have attitudes and actions showing hubris and pride (Job 15:25; 36:9+); 2. LN 34.22–34.30 (hif) confirm, i.e., to establish a relationship with a person or group (Da 9:27+); 3. LN 16 (qal) rise, flood, i.e., have a mass swell or rise higher (Ge 7:18, 19, 20, 24+), note: as a non-linear movement of water; 4. LN 21.1–21.5 (qal) overwhelmed, inundated, formally, flooded over, i.e., be in a state of danger, as a figurative extension of being flooded over by a mass of water (Ps 65:4[EB 3]+); 5. LN 78.28–78.39 (qal) be greater, be more, i.e., have a degree greater that is normal, compared to another point on a scale (Ge 49:26; 2Sa 1:23; Job 21:7; Ps 103:11; 117:2+); (piel) be greater, be more, (Ecc 10:10+); 6. LN 76 (qal) be strong, i.e., be in a state of strength and ability (1Ch 5:2+); (piel) strengthen, i.e., make an object mighty and forceful (Zec 10:6, 12+), note: in context, apparently military strength, see also domain LN 74; 7. LN 39.52–39.61 (qal) win over, have a victory over (Ex 17:11; 1Sa 2:9; 2Sa 11:23+); (hif) triumph over, i.e., make a conquest and so a victory over an enemy (Isa 42:13+); 8. LN 33.387–33.403 unit: (hif) לָשׁוֹן גָּבַר (lā·šôn gā·ḇǎr) slander, formally, be strong of tongue, i.e., speak in attacking ways such as slander and insult (Ps 12:5[EB 4]+)

1505 I. גֶּבֶר (gě·ḇěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1397; TWOT 310a—1. LN 9.24–9.33 man, i.e., the male of the human species, sometimes only slightly implying strength (Dt 22:5; Ps 88:5[EB 4]; Ps 127:5; Isa 22:17); also part of a compound name, see Ben-Geber, see 1205; Ezion Geber, see 6787; 2. LN 59.23–59.34 one, each, i.e., a marker functioning to identify an object as an individual of a larger whole (Joel 2:8); 3. LN 9.1–9.23 human being, person, individual, i.e., one who may be a male or female (Job 14:14; Ps 18:26[EB 25]; 37:23; Pr 20:24; 29:5; Jer 17:5; Mic 2:2), note: though of masc. gender, the context deals with issues related to humans not just males

1506 II. גֶּבֶר (gě·ḇěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1398;—LN 93-pers. (male) Geber: administrator for King Solomon (1Ki 4:19+)

1507 גִּבָּר (gib·bār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1402;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gibbar: father of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:20+), see 1500, for another interp, see 1507.5

גִּבָּר (gib·bār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1402;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gibbar: a place (Ezr 2:20+), see also 1507; note: or change text in Ne 7:25?

גִּבֹּר (gib·bōr): see 1475

1508 גַּבְרִיאֵל (gǎḇ·rî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1403;—LN 93-pers. (masc.) Gabriel: an angel (Da 8:16; 9:21+)

1509 גְּבֶרֶת (geḇě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1404; TWOT 310e—1. LN 37.68 queen, female ruler (Isa 47:5, 7+) see also 1485, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: גְּבֶרֶת מַמְלָכָה (geḇě·rěṯ mǎm·lā·ḵā(h)) highest ruler, formally, mistress of kingdoms, a title of very high authority (Isa 47:5+); 3. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: גְּבֶרֶת עַד (geḇě·rěṯ ʿǎḏ)1 eternal queen, i.e., a very great ruler (Isa 47:7), note: the MT verse divisions place עַד (ʿǎḏ)1 with the next clause

1510 גִּבְּתוֹן (gib·beṯôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1405;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gibbethon: town of Dan, a Levitical city (Jos 19:44; 21:23; 1Ki 15:27; 16:15, 17+)

1511 גָּג (gāḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1406; TWOT 312—1. LN 7.26–7.53 roof, i.e., the top part of a building construction, flat, and available for use by humans (Dt 22:8; Jos 2:6); 2. LN 80.5–80.7 top, i.e., the upper limit of something vertical (Eze 40:13); 3. LN 6.106–6.117 top, i.e., an area that is the horizontal uppermost part of a piece of furniture (Ex 30:3)

1512 I. גַּד (gǎḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1407; TWOT 313c—LN 3.13–3.32 coriander, i.e., coriander herb seed, the fruit of Coriandrum sativum (Ex 16:31; Nu 11:7+)

1513 II. גַּד (gǎḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1408, 1409; TWOT 313d—1. LN 25.116–25.134 good fortune, i.e., what brings about a joyful state (Ge 30:11 Q+), see also 1514; 2. LN 12.23 (pagan god) Fortune (Ge 30:11 K, Isa 65:11+), see also 1532; also part of a compound name, see Migdal Gad, see 4467

1514 גָּד (gāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1410; TWOT 313e—LN 93-pers. Gad: (male) 1. son of Jacob-Leah (Ge 30:11) 2. prophet to King David (1Sa 22:5; 1Ch 21:9) see also 1513 3. (tribe of 1.) (Nu 26:18)

גָּד (gāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1410;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gad: territory NE of Dead Sea, along E side of Jordan River to Lake Galilee (Jos 22:13; 1Sa 13:7; 2Ki 10:33; Eze 48:27+)

1515 גִּדְגָּד (giḏ·gāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2735;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gidgad: part of a compound name, Hor Haggidgad, see 2988

1516 גֻּדְגֹּדָה (gǔḏ·gō·ḏā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1412;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gudgodah: stopping place on route from Egypt, in the deep S of the Negev (Dt 10:7+), see 2988

גדד (gdd) KB, Lisowsky: see 1517, 1518

גּדד (gdd)[1] Holladay: see 1517

גּדד (gdd)[2] Holladay: see 1518

1517 I. גָּדַד (gā·ḏǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 1413; TWOT 313—LN 19.14–19.26 (hitpolel) cut oneself with a blade, cut or slash oneself, with the possible associative meanings of grief, mourning or possibly even worship (Dt 14:1; 1Ki 18:28; Jer 16:6; 41:5; 47:5+), note: some also place Jer 5:7; Mic 4:14[EB 5:1] here, for another interp, see 1518 hitp, (see also domain LN 53.1–53.15 or LN 52

1518 II. גָּדַד (gā·ḏǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 1413; TWOT 313—1. LN 30.56–30.74 (qal) band together, i.e., gather to plot and plan in conspiracy (Ps 94:21+), note: for textual considerations, see WBC20:485; 2. LN 15.223 (hitpolel) to throng to somewhere, i.e., press forward to a place as a goal (Jer 5:7+); 3. LN 33.307–33.314 (hitpolel) marshall, band together against by calling together persons for a task or event (Mic 4:14[EB 5:1]+), note: for another interp of theses, see 1517 hitp

1519 גָּדָה (gā·ḏā(h)): n.fem. [BDB]—see 1536 an alternate lex. form

1520 גַּדָּה (gǎd·dā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2693;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gaddah: part of a compound name, Hazar Gaddah, see 2961

1521 I. גְּדוּד (geḏûḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1417; TWOT 313b—1. LN 43 ridge of a dirt clod furrow (Ps 65:11[EB 10]+), note: some sources say it refers only to the dirt clods itself, in context something softened by rain; 2. LN 7.59–7.62 wall, i.e., a construction that stops advancement (2Sa 22:30; Ps 18:30[EB 29]+), note: for another interp, see 1522

1522 II. גְּדוּד (geḏûḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1416; TWOT 313a—1. LN 55.14–55.22 bandits, a band of raiders, i.e., a group of rebels or marauders that steal or plunder as a para-military group (Ge 49:19; 1Sa 30:8), see also domain LN 57.232–57.248; 2. LN 55.7–55.13 troop division, i.e., a segment of an army (1Ch 7:4; Job 19:12); 3. LN 57.232–57.248 a raid, i.e., an excursion in enemy territory to harass the enemy and get plunder (2Sa 3:22)

1523 גְּדוּדָה (geḏû·ḏā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 1418; TWOT 313b—LN 19.14–19.26 a slash, i.e., a cut of the skin, with the associative meaning of mourning (Jer 48:37+), note: see also domain LN 25.135–25.145

1524 גָּדוֹל (gā·ḏôl): adj.; ≡ Str 1419; TWOT 315d—1. LN 59.11–59.22 much, great, many, i.e., pertaining to a large quantity of a collection, mass, or extension (Eze 38:13); 2. LN 78.1–78.27 great, i.e., pertaining to the upper range of a scale of extent (Ex 32:11; Jdg 21:5); 3. LN 79.123–79.128 large, big, i.e., pertaining to a size of an object taking up great area or mass compared to a norm (Dt 25:14; 2Sa 18:17); 4. LN 87.19–87.57 important, i.e., pertaining to having high status by a consensus of other persons (Jnh 3:3); 5. LN 25.206–25.222 strange, i.e., pertaining to causing surprise and astonishment, in view of being important or unusual (Ex 3:3); 6. LN 67.102 older, i.e., pertaining to the older in comparison of two objects (Ge 10:21); 7. LN 81.3–81.11 high, formally, great, i.e., to be in a spatial dimension which is elevated compared to other positions (Ge 29:7); 8. LN 53.66–53.95 unit: הַ־ גָּדוֹל הַ־ כֹּהֵן (hǎ- gā·ḏôl hǎ- kō·hēn) high priest, i.e., principle priest with special ministry, duties, and restrictions (Lev 21:10)

גָּדוֹל (gā·ḏôl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1419; TWOT 315d—LN 76 greatness, power, strength, i.e., the state of exerting great force or ability (Ex 15:6), see also domain LN 74; note: others parse as 1524

גָּדוֹל (gā·ḏôl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1419; TWOT 315d—LN 93-place unit: יָם הַ־ גָּדוֹל (yām hǎ- gā·ḏôl) Great Sea, i.e., the western-most body of water in relation to Canaanland (Nu 34:6, 7; Jos 1:4; 9:1; 15:12, 47; 23:4; Eze 47:10, 15, 19, 20; 48:28+)

גְּדוּלָה (geḏû·lā(h)) Lisowsky: see 1525

1525 גְּדוּלָּה (geḏûl·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1420; TWOT 315e—1. LN 87.19–87.57 greatness, majesty, recognition, honor, i.e., be in a state of high status (1Ch 29:11; Est 1:4; 6:3; 10:2; Ps 71:21; 145:3+); 2. LN 87.19–87.57 great thing, i.e., pertaining to an object which is held in esteem and honor (2Sa 7:21, 23; 1Ch 17:19,21; Ps 145:6+)

1526 גִּדּוּף (gid·dûp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1421; TWOT 317b—LN 33.406–33.411 pl. taunts, revilings, i.e., words that scorn (Isa 43:28; Zep 2:8+), see also 1527, 1528

1527 גְּדוּפָה (geḏû·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1422; TWOT 317g—LN 33.406–33.411 taunting, scorning, i.e., a communication which abuses another (Eze 5:15+), see also 1526, 1528

1528 גִּדּוּפָה (gid·dû·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1421; TWOT 317b—LN 33.406–33.411 pl. taunts, revilings, i.e., words that insult and scorn (Isa 51:7+), see also 1526, 1527

גִּדּוּפִים (gid·dû·p̄îm) BDB: see 1526

1529 I. גְּדוֹר (geḏôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1446;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gedor: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:31; 9:37+)

1530 II. גְּדוֹר (geḏôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1446;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gedor: 1. town in the hill country of Judah near Hebron, (Jos 15:58; 1Ch 4:4+) 2. another town in Judah (1Ch 4:18+) 3. another town in Judah (1Ch 4:39+) 4. town in Benjamin (1Ch 12:8[EB 7]+) note: other sources identify individual verses differently

גְּדוֹת (geḏôṯ): see 1536

1531 גְּדִי (geḏî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1423; TWOT 314b—LN 4.1–4.37 male kid goat (Ge 27:9, 16; 38:17, 20, 23; Ex 23:19; 34:26; Dt 14:21; Jdg 6:19; 13:15, 19; 14:6; 15:1; 1Sa 10:3; 16:20; Isa 11:6+), note: some say the male of a sheep or a goat; note: for MT text in Isa 5:17, see 1731

גֶּדִי (gě·ḏî): n.pr.—see 6527 (loc.) part of a compound name, En Gedi,

1532 I. גָּדִי (gā·ḏî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1425;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Gadite: pertaining to Gad (Dt 3:12), see also 1514; note: for NIV text in 2Sa 23:36, see 2058

1533 II. גָּדִי (gā·ḏî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1424;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gadi: father of Menahem (2Ki 15:14, 17+)

1534 גַּדִּי (gǎd·dî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1426;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gaddi: of Manasseh, an explorer (Nu 13:11+)

1535 גַּדִּיאֵל (gǎd·dî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1427;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gaddiel: of Zebulun, an explorer (Nu 13:10+)

גדיה (gdyh) BDB: see 1536 1Ch 12:16[EB 15] K

1536 גִּדְיָה (giḏ·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1428; TWOT 314a—LN 1.60–1.68 river bank (Jos 3:15; 4:18; 1Ch 12:16[EB 15] Q; Isa 8:7+), see also 1519

1537 גְּדִיָּה (geḏiy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1429; TWOT 314c—LN 4.1–4.37 female kid goat (SS 1:8+)

1538 I. גָּדִישׁ (gā·ḏîš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1430; TWOT 319a—LN 43 stack of sheaves, piled shocks of grain, i.e., a stack of tied bundles of grain head and stalks, bundled for storage or transport (Ex 22:5[EB 6]; Jdg 15:5; Job 5:26+)

1539 II. גָּדִישׁ (gā·ḏîš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1430; TWOT 319a—LN 7.63–7.76 tomb, i.e., a burial place, likely a grave-mound and not an above ground tomb (Job 21:32+), note: the context of a synonymous parallelism of קֶבֶר (qě·ḇěr) favors “grave-mound,” see also domain LN 1.51–1.59

גּדל (gdl) or גדל (gdl): see 1540

1540 גָּדַל (gā·ḏǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1431; TWOT 315—1. LN 87.19–87.57 (qal) be great, exalted, i.e., be in a state of honor, glory, and so have high status (2Sa 7:22); (piel) make great, exalt, honor, glorify, make much of, i.e., cause one to have high status (Ge 12:2); (hif) make great (1Ch 22:5); (hitp) make oneself great, exalt oneself (Eze 38:23; Da 11:36, 37+); 2. LN 33.368–33.373 (piel) boast, i.e., make oneself great, and at the same time speak disparagingly of another’s trouble (Ob 12); (hif) boast, i.e., improperly speak of oneself favorably especially in contrast to another (Eze 35:13); (hitp) boast of oneself (Isa 10:15); 3. LN 81.12–81.14 (piel) grow long, i.e., cause the extension of a length as a spatial dimensions (Nu 6:5), note: for the Q in 2Sa 22:51 see 4460; for MT text in SS 5:13, see 4463; 4. LN 35.36–35.46 (qal) be reared, i.e., raise a child and care for them, in all respects, not mere room and board (Job 31:18); (piel) rear, nurture, train, formally, cause to grow tall (2Ki 10:6; Isa 1:2; 23:4; Da 1:5); 5. LN 23.188–23.196 (qal) grow up, i.e., be in a state of physically growing larger (Ge 21:8); (piel) make grow, i.e., cause another physical object to grow bigger (Isa 44:14; Eze 31:4; Jnh 4:10); (pual) well-nurtured, i.e., pertaining to being in a state that promotes growth (Ps 144:12); 6. (qal) be great, i.e., be of a high degree or extent on a relatively scale (Ge 19:13); 7. LN 78.28–78.39 (hif) show great (1Sa 12:24); 8. LN 57.25–57.35 (qal) be rich, be wealthy, i.e., be in a state which one has much more than what is normal (Ge 24:35; 26:13); 9. LN 39.52–39.61 (hif) triumph, formally, make great, i.e., conquer an enemy and so have victory (La 1:9); 10. LN 84.16–84.28 (hif) reach, stretch, extend up, i.e., an extension from a source to a goal (Ezr 9:6); 11. LN 81.3–81.11 (hif) lift up, i.e., make a non-linear movement causing an object to become higher (Ps 41:10[EB 9]; Eze 24:9); 12. LN 33.291–33.293 unit: גָּדַל עַל (gā·ḏǎl ʿǎl)2 threaten, formally, boast against, i.e., to make verbal statements of harm to another, with a possible focus of arrogance and excessive confidence on the part of the speaker (Zep 2:8); 13. LN 36.12–36.30 unit: גָּדַל עַל (gā·ḏǎl ʿǎl)2 defy, formally, boast against, i.e., refuse to obey or submit to a superior (Jer 48:26,42); 14. LN 78.28–78.39 unit: גָּדַל מִן (gā·ḏǎl min) greater, i.e., a degree which surpasses another point in degree or intensity (1Ki 1:37); 15. LN 65.17–65.19 unit: גָּדַל בְּ־ עַיִן (gā·ḏǎl b- ʿǎ·yin)1 esteem, value, formally, be great in the eye, i.e., consider something of a comparable merit or worth (1Sa 26:24); 16. LN 59.62–59.71 unit: גָּדַל שֶׁקֶל (gā·ḏǎl šě·qěl) increase cost, formally, raise up the shekel, i.e., increase the amount of a quantity of something (Am 8:5), see also domain LN 57.152–57.171

1541 גָּדֵל (gā·ḏēl): adj. [BDB: or qal ptcp.act.masc. of 1540]; ≡ Str 1432; TWOT 315a—1. LN 57.25–57.35 great, i.e., pertaining to wealth (Ge 26:13+); 2. LN 81.3–81.11 getting taller, i.e., pertaining to growing in height (1Sa 2:26+); 3. LN 37 pertaining to governmental power and control (2Ch 17:12+); 4. LN 25.12–25.32 unit: גָּדֵל בָּשָׂר (gā·ḏēl bā·śār) lustful, formally, great of flesh, i.e., a strong sexual desire (Eze 16:26+), note: WBC28:229 translates as an explicit euphemism of a large male member

גָּדֹל (gā·ḏōl): adj.—see 1524

1542 גֹּדֶל (gō·ḏěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1433; TWOT 315b—1. LN 78.1–78.27 much in degree (Nu 14:19+); 2. LN 76 majesty, glory, greatness of power (Dt 3:24; Dt 5:24[MT 21]; 9:26; 11:2; 32:3; Ps 150:2; Eze 31:2, 7, 18+); 3. LN 88.206–88.222 pride, arrogance, conceit, i.e., improper exaltation of self, as a moral failure (Isa 9:8[EB 9]; 10:12+); 4. LN 76 unit: גֹּדֶל זְרוֹעַ ־ךָ (gō·ḏěl zerôaʿ ḵā) great power, formally, strength of your arm (Ps 79:11+)

1543 גִּדֵּל (gid·dēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1435;—LN 93-pers. (male) Giddel: 1. returnee group from captivity (Ezr 2:47; Ne 7:49+) 2. another returnee group from captivity (Ezr 2:56; Ne 7:58+)

1544 גָּדִל (gā·ḏil): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1434; TWOT 315c—1. LN 6.194 (pl.) tassels, i.e., a dangling ornament made by taking parallel threads and tying them together at one end (Dt 22:12+); 2. LN 6.188–6.196 festoons, i.e., decorative chains hanging between two pillars (1Ki 7:17+)

גְּדֻלָּה (geḏǔl·lā(h)): see 1525

1545 גְּדַלְיָה (geḏǎl·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1436;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gedaliah: 1. last ruler of Judah (Jer 40:5, 6, 8, 16+) 2. see 1546(2.) 3. a divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:18+) 4. see 1546(4.) 5. grandfather of the prophet Zephaniah (Zep 1:1+)

1546 גְּדַלְיָהוּ (geḏǎl·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1436;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gedaliahu (Gedaliah NIV): 1. last ruler of Judah (2Ki 25:22, 23,24, 25; Jer 39:14), see also 1545(1.) 2. temple musician (1Ch 25:3, 9) 3. see 1545(3.) 4. One who urged the king to execute Jeremiah (Jer 38:1) 5. see 1545(5.)

1547 גִּדַּלְתִּי (gid·dǎl·tî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1437;—LN 93-pers. (male) Giddalti: temple musician (1Ch 25:4, 29+)

גּדע (gdʿ) or גדע (gdʿ): see 1548

1548 גָּדַע (gā·ḏǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 1438; TWOT 316—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal pass.) be felled, be cut down, i.e., sever a tree at the trunk with an implement (Isa 10:33+); (piel) cut down (Dt 7:5; 12:3; 2Ch 14:2[EB 3]; 31:1; Ps 75:11[EB 10]; 107:16; Isa 45:2+); (nif) be sheared, be cut off (Isa 22:25; Jer 48:25+); (pual) be felled (Isa 9:9[EB 10]+); 2. LN 19.34–19.42 (qal) break, sever, i.e., use pressure to divide an object into two or more parts (Zec 11:10, 14+); (nif) be broken (Jer 50:23; Eze 6:6; Am 3:14+); 3. LN 19.43–19.54 (piel) smash, break down, i.e., use pressure and ax motions to destroy an object (2Ch 34:4, 7+), note: for MT text in Eze 19:7, see 3359; 4. LN 34.40–34.41 (nif) disassociated, formally, cut off, i.e., be in a state of non-unity and so limit association, as a figurative extension of severing an object off the main trunk (Jdg 21:6+); 5. LN 15.107–15.117 (nif) cast down, fall, i.e., cause downward linear movement (Isa 14:12+); 6. LN 13.48–13.68 (qal) no longer exist, formally, cut short, i.e., cause a state or condition to no longer exist as a figurative extension of cutting an object of a main body of something (1Sa 2:31+); 7. LN 33.117–33.125 (qal) silence, formally, cut off, i.e., cause a signaling instrument to not make a sound (La 2:3+), note: this may also refer to a horn on an animal being cut off as a reference to being defenseless

1549 גִּדְעוֹן (giḏ·ʿôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1439; TWOT 316a—LN 93-pers. (male) Gideon: delivering judge of Israel (Jdg 6:11–8:35+ passim), see also 3715, 3717

1550 גִּדְעֹם (giḏ·ʿōm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1440;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gidom: site E of Gibeah (Jdg 20:45+)

1551 גִּדְעֹנִי (giḏ·ʿō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1441;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gideoni: of Benjamin, father of Abidan (Nu 1:11; 2:22; 7:60, 65; 10:24+), for another interp, see next, note: ־ִי (i-y) ending suggests this may be the gentilic of 1549 as per Holladay, “Abidan, son of a Gideonite” but none of the versions surveyed suggested this

גּדף (gdp) or גדף (gdp): see 1552

1552 גָּדַף (gā·ḏǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 1442; TWOT 317—LN 33.387–33.403 (piel) blaspheme, revile, speak evil, i.e., speak in a manner to harm another in some manner (Nu 15:30; 2Ki 19:6, 22; Ps 44:17[EB 16]; Isa 37:6, 23; Eze 20:27+)

גּדר (gdr) or גדר (gdr): see 1553

גְּדֹר (geḏōr) BDB: see 1529, 1530

1553 גָּדַר (gā·ḏǎr): v. [see also 1553.5]; ≡ Str 1443; TWOT 318—1. LN 45 (qal) build a stone wall, heap up stones for a wall, fence, or repair (Eze 13:5; 22:30+); 2. LN 13.146 block, stop progress, i.e., the figurative extension of building a wall in the path of a person (Job 19:8; La 3:9; Hos 2:8[EB 6]); 3. LN 25.223–25.250 imprison, be walled in, i.e., a figurative extension for despair (La 3:7); 4. LN 13.48–13.68 restore to a prior state, i.e., the figurative extension of repairing a wall (Am 9:11+)

גֹּדֵר (gō·ḏēr): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc. of 1553]; ≡ Str 1443; TWOT 318—LN 45 mason, i.e., construction worker making walls (2Ki 12:13[EB 12]; 22:6; Isa 58:12+)

1554 גֶּדֶר (gě·ḏěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1445;—LN 93-place (loc.) Geder: Canaanite town near Debir (Jos 12:13+), see also 1559; note: some relate to 1084

1555 גָּדֵר (gā·ḏēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1444, 1447; TWOT 318a—1. LN 7.59–7.62 wall, i.e., a part of a building construction (Mic 7:11); 2. LN 7.54–7.56 fence, i.e., a stone fence similar to a wall, but part of an open construction (Nu 22:24; Pr 24:31); also part of a compound name, Beth Gader, see 1084

1556 I. גְּדֵרָה (geḏē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1448; TWOT 318b—1. LN 7.59–7.62 wall, i.e., part of an open construction of a walled city (Ps 89:41[EB 40]; Jer 49:3; Na 3:17+), note: see also 1560; 2. LN 7.54–7.56 sheep pen, i.e., a stone-fenced area for holding livestock, such as sheep (Nu 32:16, 24, 36; 1Sa 24:4[EB 3]; Zep 2:6+)

1557 II. גְּדֵרָה (geḏē·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1449; TWOT 318b—LN 93-place (loc.) Gederah: town in the western foothills of Judah (Jos 15:36; 1Ch 4:23+), see also 1561; note: (BDB, KJV) in 1Ch translate this as a common noun, see 1555

1558 גְּדֵרוֹת (geḏē·rôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1450;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gederoth: town in Judah, Lachish region (Jos 15:41; 2Ch 28:18+)

1559 גְּדֵרִי (geḏē·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1451;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Gederite: pertaining to Geder (1Ch 27:28+), see also 1554

1560 גְּדֶרֶת (geḏě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1448; TWOT 318b—LN 7.59–7.62 stone wall, i.e., a construction of a building (Eze 42:12+), see also 1556

1561 גְּדֵרָתִי (geḏē·rā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1452;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Gederathite: possibly pertaining to Gederah (1Ch 12:5[EB 4]+), see also 1557

1562 גְּדֵרֹתַיִם (geḏē·rō·ṯǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1453;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gederothaim: village in Judah (Jos 15:36+), note: LXX reads as common noun, “sheep pens”

גְּדֵרֹתָיִם (geḏē·rō·ṯā·yim) BDB: see 1562

1563 גֵּה (gē(h)): see 2296 (Eze 47:13+), note: in most sources and most versions a text error and so without semantic value

גּהה (ghh) or גהה (ghh): see 1564

1564 גָּהָה (gā·hā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1455; TWOT 321—LN 23.129–23.141 (qal impf.) physically heal, i.e., bring to a state of health (Hos 5:13+), note: some cj to repoint as a hif

1565 גֵּהָה (gē·hā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1456; TWOT 321a—LN 23.129–23.141 healing, recuperation, i.e., a medicinal cure to restore health (Pr 17:22+)

גּהר (ghr) or גהר (ghr): see 1566

1566 גָּהַר (gā·hǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1457; TWOT 322—1. LN 17.29–17.33 (qal impf.) crouch, i.e., bend down and stretch out (2Ki 4:34, 35+); 2. LN 17.21–17.22 crouch, kneel prostrate as an act. of supplication, by placing head between knees (1Ki 18:42+)

1567 גַּו (gǎw): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1458; TWOT 326a—1. LN 8 back, i.e., a part of the body (1Ki 14:9; Ne 9:26; Eze 23:35+); 2. LN 34.42–34.49 unit: שָׁלַךְ אַחַר גַּו (šā·lǎḵ ʾǎ·ḥǎr gǎw) rejection, formally, thrust behind the back, i.e., no longer have a relationship as before (1Ki 14:9; Ne 9:26; Eze 23:35+)

1568 I. גֵּו (gēw): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1460; TWOT 326b—1. LN 8.9–8.69 back, i.e., a part of the body (Pr 10:13; 19:29; 26:3; Isa 50:6; 51:23+), note: when a back is walked upon it is a sign of defeat or submission; see also 1576; note: Job 41:7[EB 15] in MT, see 1452; 2. LN 40.8–40.13 unit: שָׁלַךְ אַחַר גַּו (šā·lǎḵ ʾǎ·ḥǎr gǎw) forgive, formally, place behind the back, i.e., a figurative extension of putting a wrong out of sight (Isa 38:17+)

1569 II. גֵּו (gēw): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1460; TWOT 326b—1. LN 11.1–11.11 fellow people, community, i.e., a group which one associates with (Job 30:5+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 83.9–83.17 the midst, middle, i.e., a position central to other places (Job 30:5)

1570 I. גּוֹב (gôḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1359;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gob: place where David fought Philistines (2Sa 21:18, 19+)

1571 II. גּוֹב (gôḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1462; TWOT 304b—LN 4.47–4.50 unit: גּוֹב גֹּבַי (gôḇ gō·ḇǎy) swarm of locust, formally, locusts of swarms of locusts (Na 3:17+), note: some sources reconstruct text, but cite no textual reasons for it, see BHS ftn

1572 גּוּב (gûḇ): v.; ≡ Str 1461; TWOT 323—LN 19.55 (qal ptcp. masc.pl.) digger or ploughman (2Ki 25:12), note: BDB marks this form as a K, for Q, see 3320

גּוֹבַי (gô·ḇǎy) Lisowsky, גּוֹבָי (gô·ḇāy) BDB: see 1479

1573 גּוֹג (gôḡ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1463; TWOT 324—LN 93-pers. (male) Gog: 1. of Reuben (1Ch 5:4+) 2. chief prince of Meshech and Tubal of the land of Magog (Eze 38:2–18 passim; 39:1,11+); also part of a compound name, Hamon Gog see 2163

גּוּד (gûḏ) or גוד (gwd): see 1574

1574 גּוּד (gûḏ): v.; ≡ Str 1464; TWOT 325—LN 55.2–55.6 (qal impf.) attack, assault, i.e., make a military strike or strikes into an area or people (Ge 49:19; Hab 3:16+)

1575 I. גֵּוָה (gē·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1467; TWOT 2651—1. LN 88.206–88.222 pride, haughtiness, i.e., pertaining to an undue arrogance as a moral failure (Job 33:17; Jer 13:17+); 2. LN 87.4–87.18 exalt, i.e., a lifting up with a focus on honor and deliverance (Job 22:29+)

1576 II. גֵּוָה (gē·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1465, 1466; TWOT 299h—LN 8 back, i.e., a part of the body (Job 20:25+), see also 1568

גּוז (gwz) or גוז (gwz): see 1577

1577 גּוּז (gûz): v.; ≡ Str 1468; TWOT 327—1. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) drive in, send, i.e., cause linear movement in a direction (Nu 11:31); 2. LN 67.78–67.117 pass., i.e., have events happen, as a figurative extension of movement (Ps 90:10+), note: see also domain LN 13.104–13.163; 3. LN 13.35 (qal act. ptcp. + suff.) my sustainer, i.e., one who bears me along (Ps 71:6 cj+), note: for another parsing, see 1602

1578 גּוֹזָל (gô·zāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1469; TWOT 337c—LN 4.38–4.46 young of a bird, i.e., an adolescent bird just coming to maturity, but before egg laying maturity, of apparently any species (Ge 15:9; Dt 32:11+), note: a pigeon in Genesis and eagle in Deuteronomy

1579 גּוֹזָן (gô·zān): n.pr. [Holladay: terr]; ≡ Str 1470;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gozan: city in NE Mesopotamia (2Ki 17:6; 18:11; 19:12; 1Ch 5:26; Isa 37:12+)

גוח (gwḥ) or גּוֹחַ (gôaḥ) or גּוּחַ (gûaḥ) BDB: see 1631

1580 גּוֹי (gôy): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1471; TWOT 326e—1. LN 11.55–11.89 people, nation, i.e., a large group based on various cultural, physical, geographical ties, often extended clan relationships (Ge 10:5; 25:23); 2. LN 4.1–4.37 a population of an animal (Joel 1:6; Zep 2:14+); 3. LN 11.12–11.54 the Gentiles, i.e., a national group or groups that are not Jewish, with the associative meaning of being uncultured, pagan and heathen (Ne 5:8)

1581 גְּוִיָּה (gewiy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1472; TWOT 326d—1. LN 8.1–8.8 dead body, corpse, i.e., a carcass of a dead being (Jdg 14:8, 9; 1Sa 31:10, 12; Ps 110:6; Na 3:3); 2. LN 8.1–8.8 a living human body, i.e., a physical being, with a possibly associative meaning of one being mere chattel or possessions in some contexts (Ge 47:18; Ne 9:37; Eze 1:11, 23; Da 10:6)

1582 גּוֹיִם (gô·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1471; TWOT 326e—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Goiim: people whose king was Tidal (Ge 14:1, 9+), note: also plural of “nations.” see 1580; see also 1582.5

גּוֹיִם (gô·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1471; TWOT 326e—LN 93-place (loc.) Goyim: place in Gilgal (Jos 12:23+), see also 1582

גול (gwl) BDB, Lisowsky: see 1635

1583 גּוֹלָה (gô·lā(h)): n.fem. [Holladay: or qal act.ptcp.fem.]; ≡ Str 1473; TWOT 350a—1. LN 85.83 an exile, i.e., a captive person who is forcibly deported to another land to remain there (Ezr 1:11; Zec 6:10); 2. LN 85.83 the exile, i.e., the event of deporting people by force to another land to live there (1Ch 5:22; Jer 46:19); 3. LN 11.12–11.54 unit: בֵּן גּוֹלָה (bēn gô·lā(h)) exiled population, formally, son of exile, i.e., a socio-political group vanquished to live in another place (Ezr 4:1–10:16 passim)

1584 גּוֹלָן (gô·lān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1474;—LN 93-place (loc.) Golan: of Manasseh E of the Jordan, town in Bashan in the tribal area, (Dt 4:43; Jos 20:8; 21:27; 1Ch 6:56[EB 71]+)

1585 גּוּמָּץ (gûm·māṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1475; TWOT 362a—LN 1.51–1.59 pit, i.e., depression in the earth (Ecc 10:8+)

1586 I. גּוּנִי (gû·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1476;—LN 93-pers. (male) Guni 1. of Naphtali (Ge 46:24; Nu 26:48; 1Ch 7:13+), see also 1587 2. of Gad (1Ch 5:15+)

1587 II. גּוּנִי (gû·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1477;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Gunite: pertaining to Guni (Nu 26:48+), see also 1586(1.)

גּוע (gwʿ) or גוע (gwʿ): see 1588

1588 גָּוַע (gā·wǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 1478; TWOT 328—1. LN 23.88–23.128 (qal) die, expire, i.e., breathe one’s last and so cease to live (Nu 17:27[EB 12],28[EB 13]); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 perish, i.e., die with an implication of this occurring by violence (Ge 6:17)

גּוף (gwp) or גוף (gwp): see 1589

1589 גּוּף (gûp̄): v.; ≡ Str 1479; TWOT 329—LN 79.110–79.113 (hif) shut, close off an area by securing a door (Ne 7:3+)

1590 גּוּפָה (gû·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1480; TWOT 329a—LN 8.1–8.8 dead body, corpse, i.e., a carcass of a dead being (1Ch 10:12+)

גּור (gwr)[1] or I. גור (gwr): see 1591

גּור (gwr)[2] or II. גור (gwr): see 1592

גּור (gwr)[3] or III. גור (gwr): see 1593

1591 I. גּוּר (gûr): v.; ≡ Str 1481; TWOT 330, 332—1. LN 85.67–85.85 (qal) dwell as alien, live as a stranger, be a guest, i.e., be in a place with a focus that one is living as a guest or stranger in a place, whether a territory, city, or house (Ge 12:20); (hitp) dwell together (1Ki 17:20+), note: Isa 54:15c in NIV under 1592; Jer 30:23, see 1760; 2. LN 15.123–15.134 (hitp) gather together, i.e., congregate into one place as a group (Hos 7:14+)

1592 II. גּוּר (gûr): v.; ≡ Str 1481; TWOT 330—1. LN 39.34–39.41 (qal) conspire, i.e., plan harm and rebellion (Ps 56:7[EB 6]; 59:4[EB 3]+), see also domain LN 30.56–30.74; 2. LN 39.42–39.44 (qal) incite, stir up, i.e., cause an uproar and riotous situation (Ps 140:3[EB 2]+); 3. LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) attack, i.e., cause or initiate a military fight (Isa 54:15+), note: Isa 54:15c some place under 1591

1593 III. גּוּר (gûr): v.; ≡ Str 1481; TWOT 330—1. LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) fear, be terrified, be afraid, have dread, i.e., be in a state or condition of dreaded anxiety and distress, both for the present, and implying the future (Nu 22:3; Dt 1:17; 18:22; 32:27; 1Sa 18:15; Job 19:29; 41:17[EB 25]+); 2. LN 53.53–53.64 revere, formally, fear, i.e., have a profound respect and reverence for another, with an implication of awe bordering on fear (Ps 22:24[EB 23]; 33:8; Hos 10:5+)

1594 IV. גּוּר (gûr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1482; TWOT 331b—1. LN 4.1–4.37 lion cub, i.e., the young of a lion (Ge 49:9; Dt 33:22; Eze 19:2, 3, 5; Na 2:12[EB 11]+), note: apparently an adolescent lion, though possibly unweaned; 2. LN 4.1–4.37 jackal cub, i.e., the young of a large-eared, fox-like animal of the dog family Canis aureus (La 4:3+), note: in context unweaned young, cf. also 1596

1595 V. גּוּר (gûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1483;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gur: elevated area N of Samaria (2Ki 9:27+); also part of a compound name, Gur Baal, see 1597

1596 גּוֹר (gôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1484; TWOT 331a—LN 4.1–4.37 lion cub, i.e., the young of a lion (Jer 51:38; Na 2:13[EB 12]+), note: in Nahum the context is apparently a weaned cub, cf. also 1594

1597 גּוּר־בָּעַל (gûr-·bā·ʿǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1485;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gur Baal: town somewhere in Edom or S Negev (2Ch 26:7+)

1598 גּוֹרָל (gô·rāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1486; TWOT 381a—1. LN 6.219 lot, i.e., pebbles, sticks, or pottery shard thrown or blindly pulled out of a container, for decision making based on what seems like chance, but was a communication of the LORD (Lev 16:8; Nu 26:55; Jos 14:2); 2. LN 1.79–1.81 allotment, i.e., a territory given to persons, decided by lot (Jos 15:1); 3. LN 38.14–38.20 portion, i.e., what is decided as retribution (Isa 17:14; Jer 13:25)

1599 גּוּשׁ (gûš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1487; TWOT 333a—1. LN 23.142–23.184 (NIV, NJB, NAB, NEB, REB) scab, crust, i.e., a skin disorder or possibly wounds (Job 7:5+); note: for K, see 1641, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 2.14–2.28 (ASV, KJV, NKJV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh) dirt clods, i.e., a crust of dirt (Job 7:5+), note: while this is the most natural reading of the text, the issue of meaning in this context hinges on whether or not the second clause of the sentence is synonymous or synthetic; context seems to favor “clods of dust” based on the prior verse of a man getting out of bed, so he is crawling from a grave; note: see WBC17:163 5b for extended note

גורן (gwrn) BDB: see 1755, for Q see 1744 (Jer 2:25)

1600 גֵּז (gēz): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1488; TWOT 336a—1. LN 8.15 fleece, i.e., the sheared wool of a sheep or possibly a goat (Dt 18:4; Job 31:20+), see also 1603; 2. LN 43 grass mowed, i.e., sheared plants that can re-grow into a second harvest after a first mowing (Ps 72:6; Am 7:1+), see also domain LN 3.47–3.59

1601 גִּזְבָּר (giz·bār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1489; TWOT 334—LN 37.48–37.95 treasurer, i.e., a royal official in charge of the finances and wealth inventory of a kingdom (Ezr 1:8+)

גּזה (gzh) or גזה (gzh): see 1602

1602 גָּזָה (gā·zā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1491; TWOT 335—LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) cut off the umbilical cord, bring forth at the very beginning of a new life (Ps 71:6+), note: see WBC20:209 and BHS ftn for other text solutions; oth ptcp. of 1577

1603 גִּזָּה (giz·zā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1492; TWOT 336b—LN 8.15 wool fleece, i.e., the unprocessed product of a sheared sheep or possibly goats (Jdg 6:37,38,39,40+), see also 1600

1604 גִּזוֹנִי (gi·zô·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1493;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Gizonite: pertaining to a currently unknown town of Gizon (1Ch 11:34+)

גּזז (gzz) or גזז (gzz): see 1605

1605 גָּזַז (gā·zǎz): v.; ≡ Str 1494; TWOT 336—1. LN 44 (qal) shear sheep, i.e., cut off the hair of a small mammal, i.e., shear a sheep or possibly goats (Ge 31:19; 38:12, 13; Dt 15:19; 1Sa 25:2, 4, 7, 11; 2Sa 13:23, 24; Job 1:20; Isa 53:7+); 2. LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) shear one’s head, i.e., to show grief by cutting hair short (possibly shave) in a mourning ceremony (Job 1:20; Jer 7:29; Mic 1:16+); 3. LN 23.88–23.128 (nif) die, formally, be cut off (Na 1:12+)

1606 גָּזֵז (gā·zēz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1495;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gazez: 1. son of Caleb-Ephah (1Ch 2:46a+) 2. grandson of Caleb (1Ch 2:46b+)

1607 גָּזִית (gā·zîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1496; TWOT 335a—1. LN 7.77–7.79 dressed stone, i.e., stone hewn or cut for masonry for construction (Ex 20:25; 1Ki 6:36; 7:9, 11, 12; Isa 9:9[EB 10]; La 3:9; Am 5:11+); 2. LN 7.77–7.79 unit: אֶבֶן גָּזִית (ʾě·ḇěn gā·zîṯ) dressed stone, formally, stone of hewing (1Ki 5:31[EB 17]; 1Ch 22:2; Eze 40:42+), same meaning as prior entry

גּזל (gzl) or גזל (gzl): see 1608

1608 גָּזַל (gā·zǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1497; TWOT 337—1. LN 57.55–57.70 (qal) seize, i.e., gain possession of an object without a proper agreement between parties (Ge 21:25; Jdg 21:23; Job 20:19; Pr 22:22; Mic 2:2+); 2. LN 57.186–57.188 (qal) kidnap, i.e., seize a person for sale or servitude (Ge 31:31; Job 24:9+); 3. LN 57.232–57.248 (qal) steal, i.e., to take something by stealth, but not necessarily by assault and battery (Lev 5:23[EB 6:4]; Job 24:2; Ps 69:5[EB 4]+); 4. LN 57.232–57.248 (qal) rob, commit robbery, i.e., to take by force, including assault and battery (Lev 19:13; Jdg 9:25; Ps 35:10; Pr 28:24; Eze 18:7, 12, 16, 18; 22:29+); (qal pass.) be robbed, be mugged (Dt 28:29, 31; Jer 21:12; 22:3+); 5. LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) seize, snatch, grab, i.e., take control of an object by grabbing with the hands and holding the object (2Sa 23:21; 1Ch 11:23+); 6. LN 13.48–13.68 (qal) change of state, take away, formally, rob, i.e., have a change of state happen as a figurative extension of robbing or snatching an object (Job 24:19+); 7. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) not exist, withhold, formally, rob or snatch, i.e., to not have a state or condition exist as a figurative extension of not possessing an object after a robbery (Isa 10:2+); 8. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) tear off, formally, rob, i.e., physically remove an object by force, with a focus on a violent tearing action, as an extension of the violent act. of robbery taking possession by force (Mic 3:2+); 9. LN 20.12–20.30 (qal pass.) injured, traumatized, i.e., pertaining to being in a wounded or disabled condition due to physical injure, as an extension of robbery as a condition in which a victim may be hurt in the process of the robbery (Mal 1:13+); 10. LN 23.66–23.77 unit: (nif) גָּזַל שֵׁנָה (gā·zǎl šē·nā(h)) have insomnia, be alert, formally, robbed of sleep, i.e., to be alert and wake, possibly due to anxiety to accomplish a task, as a figurative extension of having an object stolen from the possession of another (Pr 4:16+)

1609 גֵּזֶל (gē·zěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1499;—1. LN 13.69–13.103 not exist, formally, denying rights, robbing of rights, i.e., to not have a state or condition exist as a figurative extension of not possessing an object after a robbery (Ecc 5:7[EB 8]+); 2. LN 57.232–57.248 robbery, i.e., the act. or condition of taking objects by assault and battery (Eze 18:18+)

1610 גָּזֵל (gā·zēl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1498; TWOT 337a—1. LN 57.232–57.248 stealing, robbery, i.e., the act. of taking things from another by stealth, deception, or force (Lev 5:21[EB 6:2]; Isa 61:8; Eze 22:29+); 2. LN 57.232–57.248 plunder, i.e., an object that is stolen or taken by robbery (Ps 62:11[EB 10]+)

1611 גְּזֵלָה (gezē·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1500; TWOT 337b—1. LN 57.232–57.248 robbed things, i.e., the act. of stealing things taken by force, stealth or deception (Lev 5:23[EB 6:4]; Eze 18:7, 12, 16+); 2. LN 57.232–57.248 plunder, spoil, loot, i.e., things stolen by force (Isa 3:14; Eze 33:15+)

1612 גָּזָם (gā·zām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1501; TWOT 338a—LN 4.47–4.50 locust swarm, i.e., devouring insects just or nearly fully mature, ready to fly (Joel 1:4; 2:25; Am 4:9+), note: KB3 says this locust in caterpillar stage; note: this is a specific stage of locust development, though its identification is somewhat open to question

1613 גַּזָּם (gǎz·zām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1502;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gazzam: ancestor of some returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:48; Ne 7:51+)

1614 גֶּזַע (gě·zǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1503; TWOT 339a—1. LN 3.47–3.59 root-stock, stump, i.e., the part of a cut-off tree or plant in the dirt, from which new stock will grow (Job 14:8+); 2. LN 3.47–3.59 shoot sprouting from a root-stock stump (Isa 40:24+); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 source, formally, root-stock, i.e., the figurative extension of a person as a genealogical source, implying a renewal or resumption of a dynastic reign (Isa 11:1+)

גֵּזַע (gē·zǎʿ) KB, Holladay: see 1614

גּזר (gzr)[1] or I. גזר (gzr): see 1615

גּזר (gzr)[2] or II. גזר (gzr): see 1616

1615 I. גָּזַר (gā·zǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1504; TWOT 340—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) divide, cut in two, i.e., divide an object into two parts (1Ki 3:25, 26; Ps 136:13+); 2. LN 30.75–30.85 (qal) decide on, i.e., come to a conclusion in the thinking and planning process (Job 22:28+); 3. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) cut down, i.e., cut an object into parts, from a main base or foundation (2Ki 6:4+); 4. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) not exist, formally, cut off, i.e., to not have a state or condition exist as a figurative extension of cutting an object off or down, implying removal of the object (Hab 3:17+); 5. LN 34.31–34.39 (nif) be excluded, formally, be cut off, i.e., no longer be in an association, with an implication that this severed state will cause life to be lost; as a figurative extension of the cutting off and removal of an object from its main root or foundation (2Ch 26:21; Ps 88:6[EB 5]; Isa 53:8; La 3:54; Eze 37:11+); 6. LN 33.323–33.332 (nif) be decreed, i.e., give an official order or command, implying sanctions for disobedience (Est 2:1+)

1616 II. גָּזַר (gā·zǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1504; TWOT 340—LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) devour, eat, i.e., consume food to satisfy hunger (Isa 9:19[EB 20]+), note: there may be a focus on the act. of carving or chewing up food in the act. of eating

גָּזֵר (gā·zēr) Holladay, KB: see 1620

1617 I. גֶּזֶר (gě·zěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1506; TWOT 340a—LN 63.23–63.27 half pieces, i.e., something divided into two parts (Ge 15:17; Ps 136:13+)

1618 II. גֶּזֶר (gě·zěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1507;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gezer: town in the hill country of Judah, (Jos 16:3; 1Ki 9:15, 16, 17), see also 1621

1619 גִּזְרָה (giz·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1508; TWOT 340c—1. LN 7.54–7.56 courtyard, i.e., an open area of a building surrounded by other buildings (Eze 41:12, 13, 14, 15; 42:1, 10, 13+), note: in context a temple yard; 2. LN 58.14–58.18 appearance form, i.e., outward figure as something is viewed by another (La 4:7+), note: for another interp, see next; 3. LN 8.64 veins, i.e., the appearance on the skin of a person of low body fat, having a dark, bluish color, apparently implying health or status (La 4:7+)

1620 גְּזֵרָה (gezē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1509; TWOT 340b—LN 1.86–1.87 unit: אֶרֶץ גְּזֵרָה (ʾě·rěṣ gezē·rā(h)) desert, formally, a solitary place, i.e., an infertile uninhabited land (Lev 16:22+)

1621 גִּזְרִי (giz·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1511;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) (NEB, REB, Tanakh) Gizrite: pertaining to Gezer (Gezrite KJV) (1Sa 27:8+), see also 1618, note: for the K see 1747

גּחה (gḥh) or גחה (gḥh): see 1622

1622 גָּחָה (gā·ḥā(h)): v.—see 1631 (Ps 22:10[EB 9]+)

1623 גָּחוֹן (gā·ḥôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1512; TWOT 342a—LN 8.9–8.69 belly of a reptile, i.e., that part of a reptile that makes contact with the ground, and makes the crawling motion for movement (Ge 3:14; Lev 11:42+), note: in some contexts a specific type of reptile, the snake may be in mind

גִּחוֹן (gi·ḥôn) Holladay: see 1633 (1Ki 1:33, 38, 45+)

גֵּחֲזִי (gē·ḥǎzî) BDB: see 1634

גֹּחִי (gō·ḥî) BDB: see 1631

1624 גַּחַל (gǎ·ḥǎl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1513; TWOT 341a—1. LN 2.3–2.6 burning charcoal, live carbon coals, i.e., hot embers of a fire (2Sa 22:9; Pr 6:28; 26:21), see also 1625; 2. LN 14.15–14.16 bolt of lightning, i.e., a flash of fire from the sky (2Sa 22:13; Ps 18:13[EB 12]), note: though context favors this meaning here, it is possible to interp as prior entry; note: in verse 14[EB 13] NIV, BHS ftn deletes as duplicate based on MSS evidence; 3. LN 25.199 unit: גַּחַל חָתָה עַל־רֹאשׁ (gǎ·ḥǎl ḥā·ṯā(h) ʿǎl-·rō(ʾ)š)1, formally, heap coals on the head, i.e., the sharp pain of contrition or possibly simply the overcoming of enmity, an ironic form of righteous “torture.” (Pr 25:22+)

1625 גַּחֶלֶת (gǎ·ḥě·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1513; TWOT 341a—1. LN 3.60–3.67 burning charcoal, live carbon coals, i.e., hot embers of a fire (Isa 47:14+) see also 1624, see also domain LN 14.63–14.73; 2. LN 10.14–10.48 progeny capable of procreating, formally, live coal, i.e., the figurative extension of one able to give an heir (2Sa 14:7+)

1626 גַּחַם (gǎ·ḥǎm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1514;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gaham: son of Nahor-Reumah (Ge 22:24+)

1627 גַּחַר (gǎ·ḥǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1515;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gahar: father of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:47; Ne 7:49+)

1628 גַּיְא (gǎy(ʾ)): n.masc. or fem. (Zec 14:4); ≡ Str 1516; TWOT 343—1. LN 1.51–1.59 valley, i.e., a geographical depression relative to the hills around it (Nu 21:20; Jos 15:8), note: often a specific valley may be named possibly making some references a n.pr.; note: for NIV text in 1Sa 17:52, see 1781; 2. LN 21.1–21.5 unit: הָלַךְ בְּ־ גַּיְא צַלְמָוֶת (hā·lǎḵ b- gǎy(ʾ) ṣǎl·mā·wěṯ) be near or in threat of death, formally, valley of the shadow of death, i.e., be near or in peril of death (Ps 23:4+)

גַּיְא (gǎy(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1516; TWOT 343—LN 93-place (loc.) Valley Gate: an entrance area (2Ch 26:9; Ne 2:13, 15; 3:13+)

1629 גֵּיא חֲרָשִׁים (gê(ʾ) ḥǎrā·šîm): n.pr. [oth N.PR.M. or n.masc. of 1628 + 3093]; ≡ Str 2798;—1. LN 93-place (loc.) Ge Harashim: valley on the coastal plain (1Ch 4:14; Ne 11:35+); note: some may take this as a person, but note that Joab as “father” means “founder” of a city and its environs, for another interp, see next; 2. LN 93-pers. (male) Ge Harashim: son of Joab (1Ch 4:14+)

1630 גִּיד (gîḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1517; TWOT 344a—1. LN 8.60 sinew, tendon, i.e., that which functions as a connecting ligament of internal bones of the body together (Job 10:11; 40:17; Isa 48:4; Eze 37:6, 8+); 2. LN 8.60 unit: גִּיד הַ־ נָשֶׁה (gîḏ hǎ- nā·šě(h)) sciatic nerve, i.e., a large nerve connecting back and spine to legs nervus ischiadicus, which appears as a large tendon, which causes leg and hip pain when inflamed or damaged (Ge 32:33[EB 32]+)

גִּיח (gîḥ) or גיח (gyḥ): see 1631

1631 I. גִּיחַ (gîaḥ): v.; ≡ Str 1518; TWOT 345—1. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) surge, push, i.e., the pressure motion of a mass of water seeking a lower elevation (Job 40:23+); 2. LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) give birth, bring forth from the womb, i.e., the surging, writhing motion of a baby as it comes forth from the mother’s womb (Job 38:8; Ps 22:10[EB 9]; Mic 4:10+), note: for alt. lex form in Ps 22:10[EB 9], see 1622; 3. LN 55.2–55.6 (hif) storm through, break a line, i.e., the fighting motion of an army in which one conquers other soldiers and territory by breaking through a barrier line of soldiers, implying dominance and conquering an enemy (Jdg 20:33+); 4. LN 16 (hif) thrash about, wiggle, i.e., a non-linear, random motion of a sea creature as it comes to the surface (Eze 32:2+)

1632 II. גִּיחַ (gîaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1520;—LN 93-place (loc.) Giah: place near Gibeon (2Sa 2:24+)

1633 גִּיחוֹן (gî·ḥôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1521; TWOT 345a—LN 93-place (loc.) (Spring of) Gihon: 1. river in Eden (Ge 2:13+) 2. spring in the Kidron Valley in Jerusalem (1Ki 1:33, 38, 45; 2Ch 32:30; 33:14+)

1634 גֵּיחֲזִי (gê·ḥǎzî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1522;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gehazi: servant of the prophet Elisha (2Ki 4:12–8:5+) passim

גִּיל (gîl) or גיל (gyl): see 1635

1635 I. גִּיל (gîl): v.; ≡ Str 1523; TWOT 346—LN 25.116–25.134 (qal) rejoice, be glad, be joyful, i.e., be in a state of an attitude or feeling of favorable circumstance (Ps 9:15[EB 14]), note: this joy may be expressed in song, shouts, or even joyous shrieks and calls; note: some translate Ps 2:11 as “tremble”

1636 II. גִּיל (gîl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1524; TWOT 346a—LN 11.4 age, i.e., a stage in life of a particular age-group as a generation (Da 1:10+)

1637 III. גִּיל (gîl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1524; TWOT 346a—1. LN 25.116–25.134 gladness, delight, jubilance, i.e., a state of being joyful (Job 3:22; Ps 43:4; 45:16[EB 15]; Isa 16:10; Jer 48:33; Hos 9:1; Joel 1:16+); 2. LN 59.48–59.61 unit: גִּיל חָגַר (gîl ḥā·ḡǎr) prosperous, formally, clothed in gladness, i.e., as a figurative extension of bounty (Ps 65:13[EB 12]+)

1638 גִּילָה (gî·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1525; TWOT 346c—1. LN 25.116–25.134 rejoicing, delight, i.e., a state of joy (Isa 35:2); 2. LN 25.116–25.134 rejoicing, i.e., an object of joy or delight (Isa 65:18+)

1639 גִּילֹנִי (gî·lō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1526;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Gilonite: pertaining to Giloh (2Sa 15:12; 23:34+), see also 1656

גִּינָה (gî·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1526;—LN 7.59–7.62 protecting wall (Eze 42:12 cj+), note: for MT pointing, see 2054

1640 גִּינַת (gî·nǎṯ): n.pr. [Holladay: or n.loc.]; ≡ Str 1527;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ginath: father of Tibni (1Ki 16:21, 22+), for another interp, see next

גֵּיר (gêr) BDB: see 1731 (1Ch 2:16[EB 17]+)

גִּיר (gîr) Holladay: see 1732

1641 גִּישׁ (gîš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1487; TWOT 333a—LN 2.14–2.28 clod, i.e., a clod of dirt (Job 7:5 K+), for Q, see 1599, note: see WBC17:163 for extended note on the verse and text

1642 גֵּישָׁן (gê·šān): n.pr. [Holladay: pers.?]; ≡ Str 1529;—LN 93-pers. (male) Geshan: of Caleb (1Ch 2:47+), note: see BHS ftn for ancient versions text

1643 I. גַּל (gǎl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1530; TWOT 353a—1. LN 6.54–6.67 stone cairn, rock heap, i.e., a pile of rocks as a witness heap to mark a boundary or agreement (Ge 31:46,48, 51, 52+); 2. LN 7.75 funeral rock pile, i.e., rocks piled over a corpse, implying low status or a curse, a kind of crude, haphazard construction (Jos 7:26; 8:29; 2Sa 18:17); 3. LN 20.31–20.60 rubble, i.e., a destroyed construction that is now a pile of rocks and ruin (2Ki 19:25; Job 15:28; Isa 25:2; 37:26; Jer 9:10[EB 11]; 51:37+); 4. LN 2.14–2.28 pile of rocks (Job 8:17; Hos 12:12[EB 11]+), note: a pile of stones beside a field would imply a worthlessness

1644 II. גַּל (gǎl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1530; TWOT 353a—1. LN 14.17–14.35 surging waves, i.e., turbulent waves from a stormy ocean with strong currents, white water, and loud sounds associated with them (Job 38:11; Ps 42:8[EB 7]; 65:8[EB 7]; 89:10[EB 9]; 107:25, 29; Isa 48:18; 51:15; Jer 5:22; 31:35; 51:42, 55; Eze 26:3; Jnh 2:4[EB 3]; Zec 10:11+), note: in some of these contexts ocean swells could be the meaning; for sounds related to waves see domain LN 14.74–14.86; 2. LN 1.69–1.78 fountain, spring, i.e., a source of water that is enclosed, with the associative meaning of something desirable (SS 4:12+)

1645 גֵּל (gēl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1561; TWOT 353d—LN 8.70–8.77 feces, dung, i.e., biological excrement of a mammal, associative meaning of something that perishes, as well as causing defilement when coming in contact (Job 20:7; Eze 4:12, 15+), note: in context always human dung

גִּל (gil) Lisowsky: see 1636

1646 גֹּל (gōl): n.masc.—see 1657 (Zec 4:2 MT+), note: repoint the suffix 2023 to n.fem., 1657; also parsed as imv. of 1670

1647 גַּלָּב (gǎl·lāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1532; TWOT 348—LN 19.14–19.26 barber, i.e., one who cuts or shaves hair off human’s head and face (Eze 5:1+)

1648 גִּלְבֹּעַ (gil·bōaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1533;—LN 93-place (mountain & terr) Gilboa: relatively small mountain and its hilly area (1Sa 28:4; 31:1, 8; 2Sa 1:6, 21; 21:12; 1Ch 10:1, 8+)

1649 I. גַּלְגַּל (gǎl·gǎl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1534; TWOT 353i—1. LN 6.52–6.53 chariot wheel, i.e., an implement that makes a vehicle go (Isa 5:28; Jer 47:3+); 2. LN 6.215–6.225 pulley, i.e., a wheel device used at a well to bring up water (Ecc 12:6+), note: some translate as a more elaborate device to bring up water, i.e., a water-paddle or waterwheel; 3. LN 14.4–14.9 whirl-wind, i.e., a loud swirling storm wind (Ps 77:19[EB 18]+), note: though some translate as “the sound of a wheel,” context best fits this meaning; 4. LN 6.52–6.53 wagon, cart, i.e., a transport device (not just the wheel part) (Eze 23:24; 26:10+); 5. LN 6.215–6.225 rotary system, wheel structure, i.e., a set of wheels of a vision (Eze 10:2, 6, 13+), note: some suggest the associative meaning of this set of wheels is a vision of God’s potency or readiness to act. in judgment

1650 II. גַּלְגַּל (gǎl·gǎl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1534; TWOT 353i—LN 3.47–3.59 tumbleweed, dried wheel-plant, i.e., the wheel-shaped, dried calix of a thistle (Ps 83:14[EB 13]; Isa 17:13+), note: Holladay specifically identifies as Gundelia Tournefortii

גִּלְגַּל (gil·gǎl) Lisowsky: see 1651

1651 I. גִּלְגָּל (gil·gāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1536; TWOT 353j—LN 6.52–6.53 cartwheel, wheel of a cart (Isa 28:28+)

1652 II. גִּלְגָּל (gil·gāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1537; TWOT 353k—LN 93-place (loc.) Gilgal: 1. first stop, east border of Jericho, (Jos 4:19, 20) 2. site in the story of Elijah and Elisha (2Ki 2:1; 4:38) 3. site whose king was defeated by Joshua (Jos 12:23) 4. site in the Arabah (Dt 11:30) 5. site in Judah (Jos 15:7), see also 1090; note: Jos 18:17, some think same as 1667

1653 גֻּלְגֹּלֶת (gǔl·gō·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1538; TWOT 353l—1. LN 8.11 skull, cranium, i.e., the bone part of the head (Jdg 9:53; 2Ki 9:35; 1Ch 10:10+); 2. LN 9.1–9.23 an individual, person, i.e., one that is counted, cf. the English idiom “count heads,” and so take an inventory, without reference to male or female (Ex 16:16; 38:26; Nu 1:2, 18, 20, 22; 3:47; 1Ch 23:3, 24+)

גֶּלֶד (gě·lěḏ) BDB: see 1654

1654 גֵּלֶד (gē·lěḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1539; TWOT 349—LN 8.53 skin, i.e., the organ that covers the human body (Job 16:15+)

גּלה (glh) or גלה (glh): see 1655

1655 גָּלָה (gā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1540; TWOT 350—1. LN 28.28–28.56 (qal) reveal, i.e., have information be made known (1Sa 9:15); (qal pass.) be made known (Est 3:14; 8:13+); (nif) revealed, exposed, be known, reveal oneself (Ge 35:7); (piel) reveal (Job 12:22); (pual) open, known, revealed (Pr 27:5); (hitp) airing, have oneself reveal information or opinion (Pr 18:2); 2. LN 79.114–79.117 (nif) uncover, exposed, i.e., pertaining to an object having no cover and so bare and exposed (Ex 20:26), note: often this “uncovering” has a focus of sexual relations; (piel) lay bare, expose, strip off (Lev 20:18); (hitp) uncover oneself (Ge 9:21); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 (qal) be captive, formally, uncovered, i.e., the state or condition of being taken prisoner and deported to another country (Jdg 18:30); (pual) exiled, deported (Na 2:8[EB 7]+); (hif) deport, exile, carry away, i.e., cause a population to dwell in another place (2Ki 15:29); (hof) exiled, deported, captive (1Ch 9:1; Est 2:6, 6; Jer 13:19, 19; 40:1, 7+); 4. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) depart, remove, formally, uncover, i.e., cause a state or condition to no longer exist possibly as a figurative extension of the laying bare or razing of a building to destruction; (piel) take away (Ps 119:22); 5. LN 24.1–24.51 (nif) let see, i.e., make possible for one to see an object using sight as a perception (1Sa 14:8); 6. LN 37.127–37.138 (nif) free, formally, uncovered, i.e., pertaining to being in a state or condition of not being a captive and so free to move about (Isa 49:9); 7. LN 20.31–20.60 (piel) destroy, formally, lay bare, uncover, i.e., raze a building or other object and so destroy (Mic 1:6); 8. LN 15.187–15.211 (qal) remove, carry away, bear, i.e., lift and carry an object away from an area or space (Pr 27:25); 9. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) go, set out, i.e., make a linear motion in any direction or aspect of movement (Eze 12:2, 3); 10. (qal pass.) unsealed, i.e., pertaining to that which does not have a seal on a written document as an extension of an uncovered or revealed object (Jer 32:11, 14+); 11. LN 28.28–28.56 unit: (qal pass.) גָּלָה עַיִן (gā·lā(h) ʿǎ·yin)1 receive revelation, be formally, eyes be opened, i.e., have information be fully known; as a figurative extension of the opening of the eyes to gain sight as a physical perception (Nu 24:4,16+); cf. also piel Nu 22:31; Ps 119:18; 12. LN 23.61–23.65 unit: גָּלָה עֶרְוָה (gā·lā(h) ʿěr·wā(h)) have sexual relations, formally, reveal the nakedness, i.e., have physical relations (Lev 18:6), note: in improper social contexts this refers to a dishonorable thing; 13. LN 33.404–33.405 unit: גָּלָה סּוֹד (gā·lā(h) sôḏ) (piel) gossip, formally, uncover a confidence, i.e., give information which is confidential (Pr 11:13; Pr 25:9); cf. also qal Pr 20:19; 14. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: גָּלָה (gā·lā(h)) … אֹזֶן (ʾō·zěn) (qal) tell, speak, make known, formally, reveal [to the] ears, i.e., talk and give verbal information (Ru 4:4)

1656 גִּלֹה (gi·lō(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1542;—LN 93-place (loc.) Giloh: town in the hill country of Judah (Jos 15:51; 2Sa 15:12+), see also 1639

גֹּלָה (gō·lā(h)) Lisowsky: see 1583 1Ch 15:22; Na 3:10+

1657 גֻּלָּה (gǔl·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1543; TWOT 353c—1. water spring, i.e., a water source from ground water (Jos 15:19; Jdg 1:15+), note: BDB suggests these may be basin pools or wells; note: for Jos 15:19abc. as a n.pr.loc., see 1684; 2. LN 6.118 bowl, i.e., a vessel with a rounded shape, that contains liquid or mass (Ecc 12:6; Zec 4:2,3+), note: for another explanation of Zec 4:2, see 1646; 3. LN 6.188–6.196 bowl-shaped ornament on the top of a pillar (1Ki 7:41,42; 2Ch 4:12,13+), note: some think that the shape of it is a mere projection, i.e., a “swelling” or “protuberance.”

גֻּלָּהּ (gǔl·lāh) BDB: see 1657 (Zec 4:2)

גִּלּוּל (gil·lûl) BDB: see 1658

1658 גִּלּוּלִים (gil·lû·lîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1544; TWOT 353h—LN 6.96–6.101 (pl.) idols, i.e., formed or crafted images that are made to worship (1Ki 15:12)

1659 גְּלוֹם (gelôm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1545; TWOT 354a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 (NIV) fabric, cloth, i.e., what is weaved together (Eze 27:24+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.152–6.187 mantle, wrap, i.e., a garment (Eze 27:24+)

1660 גָּלוֹן (gā·lôn): n.pr.—LN 93-place (loc.) Galon (Jos 20:8; 21:27+ K), note: for Q, see 1584

1661 גָּלוּת (gā·lûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1546; TWOT 350b—1. LN 85.83 the exile, i.e., the act. of deportation of a person to live in another place (2Ki 25:27; Jer 52:31; Eze 1:2; 33:21; 40:1+); 2. LN 85.83 exile, captive, deportee, i.e., one who must live in another place (Isa 20:4; 45:13; Jer 24:5; 28:4; 29:22; 40:1; Ob 20b+); 3. LN 11.12–11.54 exile community, i.e., a population group that has been deported to live in another place (Am 1:6, 9+); 4. LN 11.12–11.54 unit: גָּלוּת הַ־ חַיִל (gā·lûṯ hǎ- ḥǎ·yil) group of exiles, formally, army of exiles, i.e., a group or band of people (Ob 20a+)

גּלח (glḥ) or גלח (glḥ): see 1662

1662 גָּלַח (gā·lǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 1548; TWOT 351—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (piel) shave off, i.e., cut off an object from a base, leaving no root or stump of the base (Ge 41:14; Lev 13:33b; 14:8, 9; 21:5; Nu 6:9,18; Dt 21:12; Jdg 16:19; 2Sa 10:4; 1Ch 19:4; Isa 7:20; Eze 44:20+); (pual) be shaved off (Jdg 16:17, 22; Jer 41:5+); (hitp) have oneself shaven, shave oneself (Lev 13:33a; Nu 6:19+); 2. LN 19.14–19.26 (piel) cut off, i.e., remove an object by cutting, leaving only a root or stump segment of the root (2Sa 14:26+)

1663 גִּלָּיוֹן (gil·lāy·wōn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1549; TWOT 350c—1. LN 6.54–6.67 (ASV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, NJB, NEB, REB) tablet, i.e., likely a wooden tablet with wax cover pressed with a stylus (Isa 8:1+), note: the (NAB?) cylinder-seal; note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.54–6.67 (NIV, KJV, NKJV, Tanakh) scroll, i.e., a vellum or papyrus rolled, or sheet of writing “paper.” (Isa 8:1+), note: the word “pen” would then be the meaning of חֶרֶט (ḥě·rěṭ), see also WBC24:110 for further discussion; 3. LN 6.221 mirror, i.e., an implement of flat, polished metal that reflects an image, as an adorning implement (Isa 3:23+), see also domain LN 6.188–6.196; note: Holladay translates “papyrus garment.”

1664 I. גָּלִיל (gā·lîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1550; TWOT 353f—1. LN 6.215–6.225 pivot, spigot of a door hinge, i.e., a piece that makes a door turn (1Ki 6:34+) note: BDB, KB3 parses as an adjective “turn-able,” or “revolving” in modifying a kind of door; 2. LN 6.215–6.225 rod, i.e., a cylindrical piece of metal shaped like a stick (SS 5:14+); 3. LN 6.14–6.22 curtain rings, i.e., as adornments for attaching curtain festoons (Est 1:6+), see also domain LN 18

1665 II. גָּלִיל (gā·lîl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1551;—LN 93-place (terr) Galilee: region associated with the land of Naphtali, generally just W and SW of the Lake of the same name (Jos 20:7; 21:32; 1Ki 9:11; 2Ki 15:29; 1Ch 6:61[EB 76]; Isa 8:23[EB 9:1]+)

1666 גְּלִילָה (gelî·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1552; TWOT 353g—1. LN 1.60–1.68 region, i.e., a geographical area of land (Eze 47:8+), note: oth Jos 18:17; 22:10, 11 as n.pr., see 1667; 2. LN 1.79–1.81 region, i.e., a sociopolitical area (Jos 13:2; Joel 4:4[EB 3:4]+)

1667 גְּלִילוֹת (gelî·lôṯ): n.pr. [oth n.fem.pl. of 1666]; ≡ Str 1553; TWOT 353g—LN 93-place (loc.) Geliloth: 1. border place between Judah and Benjamin (Jos 18:17+), note: some think same as 1652 2. place near the Jordan (Jos 22:10, 11+), note: some versions translate as a common noun, “borders” or “regions”, see 1666

1668 גַּלִּים (gǎl·lîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1554;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gallim: site in Benjamin (1Sa 25:44; Isa 10:30+)

גָּלְיַת (gāl·yǎṯ) BDB: see 1669

1669 גָּלְיָת (gāl·yāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1555;—LN 93-pers. (male) Goliath: Philistine giant and champion (1Sa 17:4, 23; 21:10[EB 9]; 22:10; 2Sa 21:19; 1Ch 20:5+)

גלל (gll) KB: see 1670, 1671

גּלל (gll)[1] Holladay: see 1670

גּלל (gll)[2] Holladay: see 1671

1670 I. גָּלַל (gā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1556; TWOT 353—1. LN 15.248–15.249 (qal) roll down, roll away, i.e., make a linear motion with a rounded object or mass suitable for rolling (Ge 29:3, 8, 10; Jos 10:18; 1Sa 14:33; Pr 26:27+); (nif) roll on (Am 5:24+); (pilpal) roll off (Jer 51:25+); 2. LN 16 (nif) roll up, i.e., the non-linear motion (Isa 34:4+), note: context will determine the exact motion of the rolling; (polal) be rolled (Isa 9:4[EB 5]+); (hitpolel) wallow, roll back and forth (2Sa 20:12+); (hitpalpel) wallow, roll back and forth (Job 30:14+); 3. LN 31.82–31.101 (qal) commit, trust, formally, roll, i.e., act. in a manner that is earnest and eager to a principle or person, as a figurative extension of the act. of rolling or rolling up (Ps 22:9[EB 8]; 37:5; Pr 16:3+), see also LN 25.68–25.79; note: the exact relationship of how this is a figurative extension is not clear or the explanations convincing to this editor; 4. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) remove, take away, formally, roll away, i.e., have a state no longer exist as a figurative extension of an object being rolled out of sight and so no longer be around to the eye (Jos 5:9+); 5. LN 20.12–20.30 unit: גָּלַל עַל (gā·lǎl ʿǎl)2 attack, formally, roll over, i.e., initiate physical harm toward another (Ge 43:18+)

1671 II. גָּלַל (gā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1556; TWOT 353—LN 79.48–79.56 (polal) befouled (Isa 9:4[EB 5]+); (hitpolel) befouled, i.e., pertaining to an object being made dirty with fouling substance (2Sa 20:12+), note: NIV parses as 1670

1672 I. גָּלָל (gā·lāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1557; TWOT 353d—LN 8.70–8.77 feces, dung, i.e., excrement, with the associative meanings of something that can be destroyed, or something filthy or ceremonially unclean (1Ki 14:10; Zep 1:17+)

1673 II. גָּלָל (gā·lāl): prep. [BDB: n.(masc.)]; ≡ Str 1558; TWOT 352—1. LN 90.43–90.44 because of, on account of, for the sake of, i.e., a marker of a participant being the reason for an event or state (Ge 12:13; 30:27; 39:5; Dt 1:37; Mic 3:12+) see also 959; 2. LN 89.15–89.38 on account of, i.e., a marker of a reason or cause of something (Dt 15:10; 18:12; 1Ki 14:16; Jer 11:17; 15:4+)

1674 III. גָּלָל (gā·lāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1559;—LN 93-pers. (male) Galal: 1. post-exilic Levite (1Ch 9:15+) 2. another post-exilic Levite (1Ch 9:16; Ne 11:17+)

גֶּלֲלוֹ (gě·lǎlô): see 1645 Job 20:7+

1675 גִּלֲלַי (gi·lǎlǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1562;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gilalai: Levite musician (Ne 12:36+)

גִּלֲלִי (gi·lǎlî) BDB: see 1675

גּלם (glm) or גלם (glm): see 1676

1676 גָּלַם (gā·lǎm): v.; ≡ Str 1563; TWOT 354—LN 79.120–79.122 (qal impf.) roll up, wrap up, i.e., revolve something into a ball (2Ki 2:8+), note: possibly it was a folding motion into a tight bunch, see domain LN 79.118–79.119

1677 גֹּלֶם (gō·lěm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1564; TWOT 354b—LN 9.41–9.45 embryo, beginning fetus, i.e., what is in the mother’s womb, and perceived to be life with an unformed body (Ps 139:16+), note: for other solutions, see WBC21:252

1678 גַּלְמוּד (gǎl·mûḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 1565; TWOT 354c—1. LN 79.62–79.69 haggard, gaunt, i.e., pertaining to being disheveled and without strength (Job 30:3+); 2. LN 10.41 barren, i.e., pertaining to being childless or unfruitful in producing progeny (Isa 49:21; Job 3:7; 15:34+), note: in Job 3:7 Job was wishing he had not been born

גִּלֹנִי (gi·lō·nî) Holladay: see 1639 (2Sa 23:34+)

1679 גָּלַע (gā·lǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 1566; TWOT 355—1. LN 39.1–39.12 (hitp) be hostile, be quick to dispute, i.e., be inclined to be hostile and opposing toward another (Pr 17:14; 20:3+); 2. LN 39.18–39.20 (hitp) defy, i.e., be in open, active, resistance toward an object (Pr 18:1+)

1680 גִּלְעָד (gil·ʿāḏ): n.pr. [see also 1680.5]; ≡ Str 1568; TWOT 356—LN 93-place (loc.) Gilead: 1. a city (Hos 6:8) 2. a territory (Nu 32:29; Jos 17:6; 22:13; 2Sa 17:26; 2Ki 10:33); also part of a compound name, Jabesh Gilead, see 3316; Ramoth Gilead, see 8240

גִּלְעָד (gil·ʿāḏ): n.pr. [served by 1680]; ≡ Str 1568; TWOT 356—LN 93-pers. (male) Gilead: 1. see 1680 2. of Manasseh (Nu 26:29, 30) 3. father of judge Jephthah Jdg 11:1, 2 4. (gent.) family of the territory of Gad (1Ch 5:14), see also 1682

1681 גַּלְעֵד (gǎl·ʿēḏ): n.pr. [oth 1643 + 6332]; ≡ Str 1567;—LN 93-place (loc.) Galeed: place of a stone memorial (Ge 31:47, 48+), see also 3337

1682 גִּלְעָדִי (gil·ʿā·ḏî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1569; TWOT 356a—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Gileadite: pertaining to Gilead (Nu 26:29; Jdg 10:3; 11:1, 40; 12:7; 2Sa 17:27; 19:32[EB 31]; 1Ki 2:7; 2Ki 15:25; Ezr 2:61; Ne 7:63+), see also 1680, 1680.5, note: though some identify each of these gentilics with a specific Gilead, identification is tenuous

גּלשׁ (glš) or גלשׁ (glš): see 1683

1683 גָּלַשׁ (gā·lǎš): v.; ≡ Str 1570; TWOT 357—1. LN 15.107–15.117 (qal pf.) (most versions) descend, go down in a linear movement (SS 4:1; 6:5+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 17.26–17.28 (ASV, BDB) sit, lie down (SS 4:1; 6:5+); 3. LN 15.238–15.243 (KB3, Holladay) kick up, i.e., frolic, leap and jump (SS 4:1; 6:5+)

1684 גֻּלֹּת (gǔl·lōṯ): n.pr. [BDB: n.fem.]; ≡ Str 1543; TWOT 353c—LN 93-place (terr) Gulloth Maim (Jos 15:19a; Jdg 1:15a) (not in the versions); Upper and Lower Gulloth Jos 15:19bc; Jdg 1:15bc (Tanakh); note: most versions as a common noun, springs, pools, wells of water, see 1657

1685 גַּם (gǎm): adv.; ≡ Str 1571; TWOT 361a—1. LN 89.92–89.104 also, and also, and, another, as well as, besides, finally, in turn, including, more, moreover, next, too, i.e., a marker of an additive relation (Ge 3:6); 2. LN 89.71–89.75 although, i.e., a marker of a concession, implying an additional component of contrast (Hos 8:10); 3. LN 89.92–89.104 and, i.e., a marker of coordinate relations (Ge 14:16); 4. LN 89.139–89.140 or, i.e., a marker of an alternative relation (1Sa 21:9[EB 8]); 5. LN 69.7–69.10 nor, neither, i.e., marker of a negative of an alternative relation, or multiple relation which is negative (Ex 4:10); 6. LN 89.124–89.138 but, in spite of, instead, rather, i.e., a marker of contrast (Ps 129:2); 7. LN 89.87–89.89 then, so, so now, so then, therefore, i.e., a marker of a sequential addition, with an emphasis of a logical sequential thought being expressed (Ge 13:16; Ps 132:12; Zec 3:7); 8. LN 91.6–91.12 surely, but, certainly, indeed, mere, now, too, yet, i.e., a marker of emphasis (Ecc 4:8; ); 9. LN 89.92–89.104 both, i.e., a marker of a totality of two closely related elements (Nu 18:3); 10. LN 67.17–67.64 again, i.e., a marker of a subsequent point in time involving repetition (Ge 19:34); 11. LN 89.139–89.140 unit: גַּם (gǎm) … גַּם (gǎm) either … or, whether or, i.e., marker of a double alternative (1Sa 20:27); 12. LN 89.8–89.11 unit: גַּם (gǎm) … גַּם (gǎm) just as … also, i.e., a marker of comparison in a relation (Ge 46:34; 47:3; Jer 51:49); note: further study may yield more domains

גַּם (gǎm): pt.—see 1685

גּמא (gmʾ) or גמא (gmʾ): see 1686

1686 גָּמָא (gā·mā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 1572; TWOT 358—1. LN 68.79–68.82 (piel) be quick, formally, eat up or swallow up the ground as a horse covers distance quickly (Job 39:24+); 2. LN 57.71–57.124 (hif) give something to someone, implying a value to the recipient (Ge 24:17+)

1687 גֹּמֶא (gō·mě(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1573; TWOT 358a—LN 3.13–3.32 papyrus, i.e., a kind of river or marsh plant needing much water in its environment, tall with tufts (sedge) on the top of the plant, having the attribute of floating on water, hence good for making floating vessels, Cyperus papyrus (Ex 2:3; Job 8:11; Isa 18:2; 35:7+)

1688 גֹּמֶד (gō·měḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1574; TWOT 359a—LN 81.25–81.29 a unit of length measure, a short cubit, i.e., a measure from the elbow to knuckles, about 18 inches (just under half a meter) (Jdg 3:16+), note: NEB, “fifteen inches;” NAB, “12 inches;” the Tanakh merely transliterates “a gomed in length,”

1689 גַּמָּדִים (gǎm·mā·ḏîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1575; TWOT 359b—LN 93-pers. (gent. of place) men of Gammad (Eze 27:11+), note: Gammad is a place in Syria

1690 גָּמוּל (gā·mûl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1577;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gamul: head of the 22nd course of priests (1Ch 24:17+); also part of a compound name, Beth Gamul, see 1085

1691 גְּמוּל (gemûl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1576; TWOT 360a—1. LN 42.7–42.28 what is done, performed (Ps 137:8; Pr 12:14; 19:17; Isa 3:11; Joel 4:4[EB 3:4],7[EB 3:4]; Ob 15+); 2. LN 65.40–65.51 benefit, a kindness shown, i.e., something that is an advantage (2Ch 32:25; Ps 103:2+); 3. LN 38.14–38.20 what is deserved, i.e., a recompense or retribution (Jdg 9:16; Ps 28:4; 94:2; Isa 35:4; 59:18; 66:6; Jer 51:6; La 3:64+)

1692 גְּמוּלָה (gemû·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1578; TWOT 360b—1. LN 42 what is done, performed, i.e., an action of some kind (Isa 59:18+); 2. LN 38.14–38.20 retribution, recompense, i.e., repaying with a reward or punishment (2Sa 19:37[EB 36]; Jer 51:56+)

1693 גִּמְזוֹ (gim·zô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1579;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gimzo: town of Judah, Beth Shemesh, (2Ch 28:18+)

גּמל (gml) or גמל (gml): see 1694

1694 גָּמַל (gā·mǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1580; TWOT 360—1. LN 42.7–42.28 (qal) do, act., treat a certain way, deal with, i.e., commit energy and motion to any kind of action (Ge 50:15); 2. LN 38.14–38.20 (qal) recompense, deal in repayment, i.e., deal out what is deserved (reward or punishment), whether good or bad (Dt 32:6; 2Sa 19:37[EB 36]); 3. LN 23.197–23.204 (qal) produce, grow, i.e., bear fruit of a plant (Nu 17:23[EB 8]; Isa 18:5); 4. LN 9.41–9.45 (qal) wean, i.e., remove a child from mother’s milk as a food source, implying a certain time in a child’sing. young life (1Sa 1:23,24; Hos 1:8); (qal pass.) weaned, i.e., pertaining to a time when a very young child is no longer breast fed (Ps 131:2; Isa 11:8; 28:9+); (nif) be weaned (Ge 21:8; 1Sa 1:22+), see also domain LN 23.1–23.39; 5. LN 35.36–35.46 (qal) reared up, raised up, cared for, formally, weaned, i.e., pertaining to the care of a child in his early time of life as an extension of the act. of weaning a child (1Ki 11:20)

1695 גָּמָל (gā·māl): n.masc. [fem. in function Ge 32:16[EB 15]]; ≡ Str 1581; TWOT 360d—LN 4.1–4.37 camel, i.e., a ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable, a large ruminate used for transport tasks: one-humped camel Camelus dromedarius (Ge 12:16; 24:10–64 passim; Ex 9:3; Lev 11:4), note: not likely to be the two-humped Camelus bactrianus

1696 גְּמַלִּי (gemǎl·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1582;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gemalli: of Dan, father of explorer (Nu 13:12+)

1697 גַּמְלִיאֵל (gǎm·lî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1583;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gamaliel: 1. of Manasseh, assistant to Moses (Nu 1:10; 2:20; 7:54, 59; 10:23+) 2. in NT, see DBLGrk 1137

גּמר (gmr) or גמר (gmr): see 1698

1698 גָּמַר (gā·mǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1584; TWOT 363—1. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) stop, bring to an end, finish, i.e., have a state or activity cease (Ps 7:10[EB 9]+); 2. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) cease to exist, no more, formally, stop, i.e., bring a state or condition of existence to an end (Ps 12:2[EB 1]+); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) fulfill, make happen, i.e., have something happen, implying a purpose in the event (Ps 57:3[EB 2]; 138:8+); 4. LN 75 (qal) fail, i.e., be inadequate to a task or condition (Ps 77:9[EB 8]+)

1699 I. גֹּמֶר (gō·měr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1586; TWOT 363a—LN 93-pers. (male) Gomer: 1. grandson of Noah (Ge 10:2, 3; 1Ch 1:5, 6+) 2. (gent.) descendants of 1., perhaps the Greeks (Eze 38:6+)

1700 II. גֹּמֶר (gō·měr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1586; TWOT 363a—LN 93-pers. (female) Gomer: wife of prophet Hosea (Hos 1:3+)

1701 גְּמַרְיָה (gemǎr·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1587;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gemariah: royal courier (Jer 29:3+), see also 1702

1702 גְּמַרְיָהוּ (gemǎr·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1587;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gemariahu (Gemariah NIV): son of Shaphan (Jer 36:10, 11, 12, 25+), see also 1701

1703 גַּן (gǎn): n.masc. [see also 1703.5]; ≡ Str 1588; TWOT 367a—LN 1.95–1.98 garden, i.e., a cultivated place of domestic plants and produce trees, having definite parameters, possibly enclosed with separating wall (Ge 2:8–3:24 passim; 1Ki 21:2–26 passim; SS 4:12–8:13 passim), note: often identified with particular persons or deity, see also domain LN 43

גַּן (gǎn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1588; TWOT 367a—LN 93-place (loc.) 1. Garden of Eden (Ge 2:15; 3:23, 24; Eze 36:35; Joel 2:3) 2. King’s Garden (Ne 3:15), see also 1703

גּנב (gnb) or גנב (gnb): see 1704

1704 גָּנַב (gā·nǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 1589; TWOT 364—1. LN 57.232–57.248 (qal) steal, be a thief, i.e., take items without permission by the owner, but usually by stealth and not force (Ex 22:11[EB 12]); (qal pass.) be stolen (Ge 30:33; 31:39; Pr 9:17+); (nif) be stolen (Ex 22:11[EB 12]+); (piel) steal an object (Jer 23:30+); (pual) be stolen (Ex 22:6[EB 7]+); 2. LN 57.186–57.188 (qal) kidnap, i.e., seize a person for sale or servitude (Ex 21:16; Dt 24:7); (pual) be forcibly carried off to slavery (Ge 40:15+); 3. LN 28.68–28.83 (qal) do secretly, i.e., act. in a manner that is not publicly known (2Sa 21:12); (pual) be brought secretly (Job 4:12+); (hitp) secretly steal into an area (2Sa 19:4+); 4. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) blow away, sweep away, i.e., a motion of the wind to make linear motion of an object (Job 21:18; 27:20); 5. LN 31.8–31.13 (qal) deceive, i.e., cause another to hold a mistaken view, and so wrongly evaluate a situation (Ge 31:20, 26, 27+); (piel) steal the heart, implying a certain willingness on the part of the victim to be deceived (2Sa 15:6+)

1705 גַּנָּב (gǎn·nāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1590; TWOT 364b—1. LN 57.232–57.248 thief, i.e., one who takes things by stealth and generally not by confrontation (Ex 22:1[EB 2],6[EB 7],7[EB 8]); 2. LN 57.186–57.188 kidnapper, i.e., a stealer of humans, obviously involved overpowering another human, that buys and sells them as chattel (Dt 24:7)

1706 גְּנֵבָה (genē·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1591; TWOT 364a—LN 57.232–57.248 stolen possession, i.e., product of a theft (Ex 22:2[EB 3],3[EB 4]+)

1707 גְּנֻבַת (genǔ·ḇǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1592;—LN 93-pers. (male) Genubath: son of Hadad-Queen Tahpenes (1Ki 11:20+)

1708 גַּנָּה (gǎn·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1593, 1594; TWOT 367b—1. LN 1.95–1.98 garden, i.e., a cultivated place of domestic plants and produce trees, having definite parameters, possibly enclosed with separating wall (Nu 24:6; Est 1:5; Ecc 2:5; Jer 29:5), see also domain LN 43; 2. LN 1.95–1.98 grove, i.e., a cultivated place for the growing of trees (SS 6:11), see also domain LN 43

1709 I. גֶּנֶז (gě·něz): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1595; TWOT 365a—LN 57.36 treasury, i.e., the royal bank where the wealth of the kingdom is transacted (Est 3:9; 4:7+)

1710 II. גֶּנֶז (gě·něz): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1595; TWOT 365a—LN 6.152–6.187 a finely crafted, valuable fabric, i.e., variously interpreted: (Eze 27:24+), note: NIV, “rug;” KB, “shroud;” BDB, “chests?”; WBC29:79, “cloth”

גְּנָזִים (genā·zîm)[1] BDB, Lisowsky: see 1709

גְּנָזִים (genā·zîm)[2] BDB, Lisowsky: see 1710

1711 גַּנְזַךְ (gǎn·zǎḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1597; TWOT 366—LN 7.26–7.53 treasury, i.e., a storeroom where valuables are kept (1Ch 28:11+), see also LN 57.36

גַּנְזֵךְ (gǎn·zēḵ) Lisowsky: see 1711

1712 גַּנִּים (gǎn·nîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5873;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gannim: part of a compound name, En Gannim, see 6528

גּנן (gnn) or גנן (gnn): see 1713

1713 גָּנַן (gā·nǎn): v.; ≡ Str 1598; TWOT 367—LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) defend, shield, protect, i.e., make a military defense of a city or area (2Ki 19:34; 20:6; Isa 31:5; 37:35; 38:6; Zec 9:15; 12:8+), note: this strongly implies care and concern, see also domain LN 35.36–35.46

1714 גִּנְּתוֹי (gin·neṯôy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1599;—LN 93-pers. (male) (most versions) Ginnethoi: returnee priest from captivity (Ne 12:4+); Ginnetho (KJV); Ginnethon (NIV, NAB, REB, NEB), note: for MT text in Ne 12:4, see also 1715

1715 גִּנְּתוֹן (gin·neṯôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1599;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ginnethon: returnee priest from captivity (Ne 10:7[EB 6]; 12:16+), note: for NIV text in Ne 12:4, see also 1714

גּעה (gʿh) or געה (gʿh): see 1716

1716 גָּעָה (gā·ʿā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1600; TWOT 368—LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) bellow, low, i.e., mooing of bovines as a non-verbal communication (1Sa 6:12; Job 6:5+), see also LN 33.476–33.489

1717 גֹּעָה (gō·ʿā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1601;—LN 93-place (loc.) Goah: section in or near Jerusalem (Jer 31:39+)

גּעל (gʿl) or געל (gʿl): see 1718

1718 גָּעַל (gā·ʿǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1602; TWOT 369—1. LN 88.198–88.205 (qal) abhor, despise, loathe, have a hate and disdain toward an object (Lev 26:11, 15, 30, 43, 44; Jer 14:19; Eze 16:45+); see also domain LN 25.251–25.269, LN 53.33–53.40; 2. LN 53.33–53.40 (nif) be defiled (2Sa 1:21+); 3. LN 23.46–23.60 (hif) עָבַר לֹא גָּעַל (ʿā·ḇǎr lō(ʾ) gā·ʿǎl) impregnate, formally, not cause to defile in going over, i.e., inseminate a female through sexual intercourse, as a figurative extension that the sexual act. causes ceremonial defiling (Job 21:10+)

1719 גֹּעַל (gō·ʿǎl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1604; TWOT 369a—LN 88.192–88.197 despising, loathing, i.e., of low status without pity or compassion and so considered contemptible (Eze 16:5+)

1720 גַּעַל (gǎ·ʿǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1603;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gaal: son of Ebed, a rebel (Jdg 9:26–41 passim+)

גּער (gʿr) or גער (gʿr): see 1721

1721 גָּעַר (gā·ʿǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1605; TWOT 370—1. LN 33.417–33.422 (qal) rebuke, reprimand, disapprove, i.e., to tell another that they have done wrong, with conviction or zeal, implying disapproval and a straining of relationship (Ge 37:10; Ru 2:16; Ps 9:6[EB 5]; 119:21; Isa 54:9; Jer 29:27; Zec 3:2; Mal 2:3+); 2. LN 33.323–33.332 (qal) command, formally, rebuke, i.e., tell a person or object what to do, implying zeal or conviction (Ps 68:31[EB 30]; 106:9; Isa 17:13; Na 1:4; Mal 3:11+)

1722 גְּעָרָה (geʿā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1606; TWOT 370a—1. LN 33.417–33.422 a rebuke, i.e., to speak words that show what another has done wrong, and other actions may follow to show the disapproval (2Sa 22:16; Job 26:11; Ps 18:16[EB 15]; 76:7[EB 6]; 80:17[EB 16]; 104:7; Pr 13:1; 17:10; Ecc 7:5; Isa 50:2; 51:20; 66:15+); 2. LN 33.291–33.293 a threat, i.e., a verbal warning (Pr 13:8; Isa 30:17+)

גּעשׁ (gʿš) or געשׁ (gʿš): see 1723

1723 גָּעַשׁ (gā·ʿǎš): v.; ≡ Str 1607; TWOT 371—1. LN 16 (qal) shake, tremble, i.e., a non-linear rapid back and forth movement, as when an earthquake happens (Ps 18:8a[EB 7a]+); (hitp) shake (2Sa 22:8; Ps 18:8b[EB 7b]+); 2. LN 20.12–20.30 (pual) be mortally harmed, formally, be shaken, i.e., have a condition of harm which causes death, as an extension of the final trembling and shaking of the body in the throes of death (Job 34:20+), note: this harming could refer to illness, or possibly some other kind of wounding; 3. LN 16 (hitp) stagger, stumble, reel, i.e., a non-linear motion of staggering and tottering as a drunk person (Jer 25:16+), note: Holladay translates “vomit.”; 4. LN 19.43–19.54 (hitp) surge, push, i.e., the pressure motion of a mass of water seeking a lower elevation (Jer 46:7, 8+); 5. LN 16 (hitp) make waves, roll, i.e., the motion of surf waves on a beach, with a focus on the forward and receding motion of the waves (Jer 5:22+)

1724 גַּעַשׁ (gǎ·ʿǎš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1608;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gaash: hilly region in or near hill country of Ephraim, possibly about 15 miles NW of Jerusalem (Jos 24:30; Jdg 2:9; 2Sa 23:30; 1Ch 11:32+)

1725 גַּעְתָּם (gǎʿ·tām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1609;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gatam: grandson of Esau (Ge 36:11, 16; 1Ch 1:36+)

1726 I. גַּף (gǎp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1610; TWOT 373a—LN 81.3–81.11 unit: עַל גַּף מָרוֹם (ʿǎl gǎp̄ mā·rôm) summit, acropolis, formally, on the back of a height, i.e., the highest spatial point of a city (Pr 9:3+)

1727 II. גַּף (gǎp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1610; TWOT 373a—LN 34.66–34.78 unit: בְּ־ גַּף ־ֹו (b- gǎp̄ ō-w) without a wife, alone, formally, by himself (Ex 21:3,4+)

1728 גֶּפֶן (gě·p̄ěn): n.fem. [or poss.masc. Hos 10:1]; ≡ Str 1612; TWOT 372a—1. LN 3.47–3.59 plant vine, i.e., the tendril of a plant that bears fruit and shade, with the associative meanings of life and new growth (Ge 40:9; Nu 20:5), note: most often a grapevine is in context, though a gourd and/or other spreading vine plants may be the meaning; 2. LN 88.262–88.270 unit: גֶּפֶן סְדֹם (gě·p̄ěn seḏōm) moral poison, formally, vine of Sodom, i.e., a figurative extension of moral corruption (Dt 32:32)

1729 גֹּפֶר (gō·p̄ěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1613; TWOT 374—LN 3.2–3.12 a kind of wood: (most versions) “gopher” wood used for boat building (Ge 6:14+), several kinds are suggested: (NIV, NRSV, NEB, REB) cypress wood; (Lisowsky) pitch-pine; (NJB) resinous wood; (Holladay, KB3) unknown kind, note: the ancient versions translated it as a kind of finished timber, not a species of wood

1730 גָּפְרִית (gāp̄·rîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1614; TWOT 375—LN 2.14–2.28 brimstone, sulfur, i.e., a non-metallic element, which burns and may be yellowish and somewhat acidic, found in volcanic regions as brittle crystalline “stones.” (Ge 19:24; Dt 29:22[EB 23]; Job 18:15; Ps 11:6; Isa 30:33; 34:9; Eze 38:22+), note: often with associative meanings of judgment and punishment

1731 גֵּר (gēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1616; TWOT 330a—LN 11.55–11.89 alien, stranger, foreigner, i.e., one who is of a different geographical or cultural group, often with less rights than the reference group (Ge 15:13), see also LN 85.67–85.85; note: for NIV text in Isa 5:17, see 1531

1732 גִּר (gir): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1615; TWOT 347a—LN 2.14–2.28 chalk, i.e., chalkstone crushed into powdered material, with a focus on complete destruction and so cessation of an activity (Isa 27:9+), note: BDB and KB identify the crushed stone as the common building material limestone

גֹּר (gōr): see 1596 Na 2:13+

1733 גֵּרָא (gē·rā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1617;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gera: 1. son of Benjamin (Ge 46:21+) 2. grandson of Benjamin (1Ch 8:3, 5+) 3. of Benjamin, father of an Ehud (Jdg 3:15+) 4. another of Benjamin, father of Uzza (1Ch 8:7+) 5. father of the Shimei (2Sa 16:5; 19:17[EB 16],19[EB 18]; 1Ki 2:8+)

1734 גָּרָב (gā·rāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1618; TWOT 376a—LN 23.142–23.184 skin disorder, a dermatological ailment, i.e., a festering sore, open rash, or scurvy or some such scabbing/itching disorder (Lev 21:20; 22:22; Dt 28:27+)

1735 I. גָּרֵב (gā·rēḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1619;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gareb: one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:38; 1Ch 11:40+)

1736 II. גָּרֵב (gā·rēḇ): n.pr. [Holladay: N.PERS.]; ≡ Str 1619;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gareb: place near Jerusalem (Jer 31:39+)

1737 גַּרְגַּר (gǎr·gǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1620; TWOT 386c—LN 3.33–3.46 ripe olive berries, i.e., the fruit of the olive tree (Isa 17:6+)

1738 גַּרְגְּרוֹת (gǎr·gerôṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1621; TWOT 386d—LN 8.25 neck, i.e., the external part of the throat area, around which chain adornments are placed (Pr 1:9; 3:3, 22; 6:21+), note: there may be an associative meaning of the throat being close to the center or the inner being or self

1739 גִּרְגָּשִׁי (gir·gā·šî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1622;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Girgashite: pertaining to a Canaanite tribe (Ge 10:16; 15:21; Dt 7:1; Jos 3:10; 24:11; 1Ch 1:14; Ne 9:8+)

גּרד (grd) or גרד (grd): see 1740

1740 גָּרַד (gā·rǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 1623; TWOT 377—LN 19.43–19.54 (hitp inf.) intentionally scrape oneself with a broken piece of pottery, apparently just hard enough to act. as a counter-irritant, i.e., take away an itching sensation by replacing it with another stimulation as a coping mechanism (Job 2:8+)

גּרה (grh) or גרה (grh): see 1741

1741 גָּרָה (gā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1624; TWOT 378—1. LN 39.1–39.12 (piel) initiate strife, foment, provoke, stir up, i.e., create a hostile situation by one’s actions or words (Pr 15:18; 28:25; 29:22+); (hitp) provoke, make causation, initiate an action (Dt 2:5, 9, 19, 24; 2Ki 14:10; 2Ch 25:19; Jer 50:24; Da 11:10,25+), note: often in reference to military battle, see also domain LN 55.2–55.6; 2. LN 39.18–39.20 (hitp) resist, formally, provoke, i.e., be in opposition by not conforming to a pressure or power (Pr 28:4+)

1742 I. גֵּרָה (gē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1625; TWOT 386a—LN 5.1–5.22 cud, i.e., regurgitated food from the stomach of a ruminate for chewing, to aid the digesting process (Lev 11:3–26 passim; Dt 14:6–8+)

1743 II. גֵּרָה (gē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1626; TWOT 386b—LN 6.68–6.82 small unit of weight, a gerah, i.e., 1/20th of a temple shekel (about 1/2 g), as a unit of value (Ex 30:13; Lev 27:25; Nu 3:47; 18:16; Eze 45:12+)

1744 גָּרוֹן (gā·rôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1627; TWOT 378a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 throat, i.e., the internal area of the mouth that dries out (Ps 69:4[EB 3]; Jer 2:25+), note: for K in Jer 2:25, see 1755; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 neck, i.e., the external area of the throat that wears neck jewelry (Eze 16:11+); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 mouth, i.e., the area of the face, and neck that speaks (Ps 5:10[EB 9]; 115:7; 149:6+); 4. LN 88.271–88.282 unit: הָלַךְ נָטָה גָּרוֹן (hā·lǎḵ nā·ṭā(h) gā·rôn) walk like a flirt, seduce, formally, walk with stretched neck, i.e., not so much to walk with the head held high, but rather to extend the neck in a manner that looks side to side and behind coyly to see if anyone notices them, as a potential sexual misbehavior (Isa 3:16+); 5. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: קָרָא בְּ־ גָּרוֹן (qā·rā(ʾ) b- gā·rôn) speak aloud, formally, call in the mouth, i.e., speak something out loud (Isa 58:1+)

גְּרוּשָׁה (gerû·šā(h)) BDB: see 1766

גֵּרוּת (gē·rûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1627; TWOT 378a—LN 7 lodging place, dwelling (Jer 41:17+), note: see WBC27:247; for another interp, see 1745

1745 גֵּרוּת כִּמְהָם (gē·rûṯ kim·hām): n.pr. [BDB: n.fem. + n.pr.masc.]; ≡ Str 1628, 3643; TWOT 330b—LN 93-place (loc.) Geruth Kimham: place near Bethlehem (Jer 41:17+), note: BDB see 1744.5

גּרז (grz) or גרז (grz): see 1746

1746 גָּרַז (gā·rǎz): v.; ≡ Str 1629; TWOT 379—LN 34.40–34.41 (nif pf.) be separated from one’s presence, i.e., to no longer be associated with another (Ps 31:23[EB 22]+), note: some sources interpret the “cutting off” as to be exterminated or destroyed, but the context does not favor this extreme meaning; note: see BHS ftn, some texts read 1763(nif)

גרזי (grzy) BDB: see 1621

1747 גִּרְזִי (gir·zî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1511;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) (most versions) Girzite: pertaining to a Canaanite tribe (1Sa 27:8+), for the Q see 1621

1748 גְּרִזִים (geri·zîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1630;—LN 93-place (a mountain) Gerizim: mountain near the city of Shechem, (Dt 11:29; 27:12; Jos 8:33; Jdg 9:7+)

גְּרִזִּים (geriz·zîm) BDB: see 1748

1749 גַּרְזֶן (gǎr·zěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1631; TWOT 379a—1. LN 6.215–6.225 chopping or shaping tool for wood: iron axe or adze (Dt 19:5; 20:19; Isa 10:15+); 2. LN 6.215–6.225 shaping tool for stone: iron chisel or pick (1Ki 6:7+)

גֵּרִים (gē·rîm): see 1731

גָּרֹל (gā·rōl): adj.; ≡ Str 1631; TWOT 379a—LN 38.14–38.20 lot, piece, i.e., pertaining to a portion obtained by the throwing of a lot (Pr 19:19+), note: for Q see 1524, see also BHS ftn, see 1505; see also 1598

גֹּרַל (gō·rǎl): see 1749.4

גֹּרָל (gō·rāl): see 1598 Nu 36:3; Jos 18:11; Da 12:13+

גּרם (grm) or גרם (grm): see 1750 or 1751

1750 I. גָּרַם (gā·rǎm): v.; ≡ Str 1633; TWOT 382b—LN 65.1–65.16 (qal) leave, reserve, lay aside, i.e., keep an object which has value to the subject safe, implying for further use (Zep 3:3+), note: some parse as 1751

1751 II. גָּרַם (gā·rǎm): v.; ≡ Str 1633; TWOT 382b—1. LN 19.34–19.42 (piel) dash, break a container to pieces (Eze 23:34+); 2. LN 23.1–23.39 (piel) gnaw on bones, eat meat close to the bone and possibly break the bones to gnaw the marrow, i.e., consume completely (Nu 24:8+); note: Zep 3:3, see 1750

1752 גֶּרֶם (gě·rěm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1634; TWOT 382a—1. LN 79 rawboned build, thin bony structure, i.e., lean but tough or strong (Ge 49:14+); 2. LN 79 bare, i.e., having nothing on top of something (2Ki 9:13+), note: for other cj, see WBC13:109; 3. LN 8.61 bones, i.e., the strong framework part of a body (Job 40:18; Pr 17:22; 25:15+)

1753 גַּרְמִי (gǎr·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1636;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Garmite: pertaining to Garm (1Ch 4:19+), note: a currently unknown designation

1754 גָּרֹל (gā·rōl): ; ≡ Str 1632; TWOT 381a—see 1749.5 note: alphabetical GK misplacement

גָּרֹן (gā·rōn) BDB: see 1744 (Jer 2:25 K)

1755 גֹּרֶן (gō·rěn): n.fem. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 1637; TWOT 383a—LN 7.65 threshing floor, i.e., an outdoor area where grain is processed by threshing and winnowing. A very flat piece of land with hard, packed soil, stone or bedrock floor. This area was also a community gathering place (Nu 15:20; Dt 15:14), note: see also domain LN 11.55–11.89; see also 1755.4; note: for Jer 2:25 Q, see 1744

גֹּרֶן (gō·rěn): n.pr. [served by 1755]; ≡ Str 1637; TWOT 383a—LN 93-place (loc.) Goren: part of a compound name 1. Goren Atad, see 354; 2. Goren Nacon, see 5789; 3. Goren Araunah, see 779 4. Goren Kidon, see 3961, note: others as common noun, see 1755

גּרס (grs) or גרס (grs): see 1756

1756 גָּרַס (gā·rǎs): v.; ≡ Str 1638; TWOT 387—1. LN 25.1–25.11 unit: גָּרַס לְ־ תַּאֲבָה (gā·rǎs l- tǎ·ʾǎḇā(h))(qal) be overwhelmed with desire, formally, be crushed with desire, i.e., be very desirous (Ps 119:20+); 2. LN 19.34–19.42 (hif) break, i.e., fracture the teeth from biting on too hard a substance (La 3:16+)

: see 1757, 1758

גּרע (grʿ)[1] Holladay: see 1757

גּרע (grʿ)[2] Holladay: see 1758

1757 I. גָּרַע (gā·rǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 1639; TWOT 384—1. LN 59.62–59.71 (qal) reduce, decrease, subtract, omit, i.e., have a reduction in number, extent, or degree (Ex 5:8, 19; Dt 4:2; 13:1[EB 12:32]; Ecc 3:14; Jer 26:2; Eze 16:27+); (nif) be reduced, decreased (Ex 5:11; Lev 27:18+); 2. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal pass.) be cut off, i.e., sever an object from a core or base (Isa 15:2; Jer 48:37+); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) hinder, stop, prevent, withdraw, i.e., cause something not to happen (Ex 21:10; Job 15:4, 8; 36:7; Eze 5:11+); (nif) be hindered (Nu 9:7; 36:3,4+), note: see also domain LN 68.22–68.33; 4. LN 13.69–13.103 (nif) disappear, i.e., have a state no longer exist as a figurative extension of cutting an object and removing it from the presence of someone (Nu 27:4+)

1758 II. גָּרַע (gā·rǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 1639; TWOT 384—LN 15.212–15.214 (piel) draw up, i.e., cause an upward motion of an object by grasping up, drawing up, or pulling up (Job 36:27+)

גּרף (grp) or גרף (grp): see 1759

1759 גָּרַף (gā·rǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 1640; TWOT 385—LN 15.1–15.17 (qal pf.) sweep away, wash away, i.e., the action of something getting caught in a downstream flow of a river, implying the end of something (Jdg 5:21+), see also domain LN 13.100

1760 גָּרַר (gā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1641; TWOT 386—1. LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) chew, i.e., the grinding and cutting motion of teeth on food as a part of the digestive process (Lev 11:7+); 2. LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) catch, i.e., grasp and hold an object by means of a net (Hab 1:15+); 3. LN 15.212–15.214 (qal) drag away, i.e., cause linear motion of an object by grasping and pulling or pushing along (Pr 21:7+); (hitpoel) driving swirl, i.e., the whirling motion of wind which can also cause linear movement of an object (Jer 30:23+), note: Jer 30:23 oth parse as 1591; 4. LN 19.14–19.26 (poal) be sawn, i.e., pertaining to being cut into parts by means of a sawing implement (1Ki 7:9+)

1761 גְּרָר (gerār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1642;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gerar: town on an important caravan route near Gaza, (Ge 10:19; 20:1, 2; 26:1, 6, 17, 20, 26; 2Ch 14:12[EB 13],13[EB 14]+)

1762 גֶּרֶשׂ (gě·rěś): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1643; TWOT 387a—LN 5.1–5.22 coarse crushed grain, grits or groats, i.e., a slightly ground, processed cereal food (Lev 2:14, 16+), note: KB3 translates as “groats”

גרשׁ (grš): see 1763, 1764

גּרשׁ (grš)[1] Holladay: see 1763

גּרשׁ (grš)[2] Holladay: see 1764

1763 I. גָּרַשׁ (gā·rǎš): v.; ≡ Str 1644; TWOT 388—1. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) drive out, banish, i.e., cause the removal of an object to another place, which often implies a space unoccupied, and also social estrangement (Ex 34:11+); (nif) driven out, banished (Jnh 2:5[EB 4]+); (piel) drive out, expel (Ge 3:24; 4:14; 21:10; Ex 2:17; 6:1; 10:11; 11:1; 23:28, 29, 30, 31; 33:2; Nu 22:6, 11; Dt 33:27; Jos 24:12, 18; Jdg 2:3; 6:9; 9:41; 11:2, 7; 1Sa 26:19; 1Ch 17:21; 2Ch 20:11; Ps 34:1[EB title]; 78:55; 80:9[EB 8]; Pr 22:10; Eze 31:11; Hos 9:15; Mic 2:9; Zep 2:4+); (pual) driven out, banished (Ex 12:39; Job 30:5+), note: for MT text in 2Sa 7:23, see 824; in Ps 109:10, see 2011; 2. LN 34.66–34.78 (qal pass.) divorced, i.e., pertaining to the dissolving the marriage bond (Lev 21:7, 14; 22:13; Nu 30:10[EB 9]; Eze 44:22+); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 (piel) remove, i.e., cause a state to no longer exist as an extension of the driving of an object to another area (1Ki 2:27+)

1764 II. גָּרַשׁ (gā·rǎš): v.; ≡ Str 1644; TWOT 388—LN 15.187–15.211 (qal) cast up, toss up, stir up, i.e., the motion of waves, or river eddies, which causes the carrying or bearing of an object from one place to another (Isa 57:20b); (nif) be tossed, be stirred up (Isa 57:20a; Am 8:8+)

1765 גֶּרֶשׁ (gě·rěš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1645; TWOT 388a—1. LN 43 yield, produce, i.e., what is harvested (Dt 33:14+); 2. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: גֶּרֶשׁ יֶרַח (gě·rěš yě·rǎḥ)1 harvest time, formally, yield of moons/months (Dt 33:14+)

1766 גְּרֻשָׁה (gerǔ·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1646; TWOT 388b—LN 15.3 dispossession, expropriation, i.e., the act. of removal of property or violent eviction from property, strongly implied to be an unfair act. of oppression (Eze 45:9+)

1767 גֵּרְשׁוֹן (gē·rešôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1648;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gershon: of Levi (Ge 46:11; Ex 6:16, 17; Nu 3:17, 18, 21, 25; 4:22, 38, 41; 7:7; 10:17; 26:57; Jos 21:6, 27; 1Ch 5:27[EB 6:1]; 23:6+), see also 1768, 1769

1768 גֵּרְשֹׁם (gē·rešōm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1647;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gershom: 1. returnee from captivity with Ezra (Ezr 8:2+) 2. son of Moses (Ex 2:22; 18:3; Jdg 18:30; 1Ch 23:15, 16; 26:24+) 3. of Levi (1Ch 6:1[EB 16],2[EB 17],5[EB 20],28[EB 43],47[EB 62],56[EB 71]; 15:7+), see also 1767

1769 גֵּרְשֻׁנִּי (gē·rešǔn·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1649;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Gershonite: pertaining to Gershon/Gershom (Nu 3:21, 23, 24; 4:24, 27, 28; 26:57; Jos 21:33; 1Ch 23:7; 26:21; 29:8; 2Ch 29:12+), see also 1767, 1768(3.)

גֹּרֹתָיו (gō·rō·ṯāyw) BDB: see 1596 (Na 2:13[EB 12])

1770 גְּשׁוּר (gešûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1650;—LN 93-place (loc.) Geshur: area of a kingdom of Syria-Aram (2Sa 3:3; 13:37, 38; 14:23, 32; 15:8; 1Ch 3:2+), see also 1770.5

גְּשׁוּר (gešûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1650;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Geshur: people of kingdom and area of Syria-Aram (Jos 13:13; 1Ch 2:23+), see also 1770

1771 גְּשׁוּרִי (gešû·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1651;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Geshurite: 1. pertaining to a people of Geshur of Aram (Dt 3:14; Jos 12:5; 13:11, 13+), see 1770 2. pertaining to a people of the Negev, near the Philistines (Jos 13:2; 1Sa 27:8+)

גּשׁם (gšm) or גשׁם (gšm): see 1772

1772 גָּשַׁם (gā·šǎm): v.; ≡ Str 1652; TWOT 389—LN 14.10–14.14 (hif) bring rain water, i.e., cause rain to fall as a natural occurrence (Jer 14:22+), note: (pual pf.) “be rained upon” Eze 22:24+ may also be parsed as n.masc. of 1775

1773 I. גֶּשֶׁם (gě·šěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1653; TWOT 389a—LN 14.10–14.14 rainwater, rain, i.e., the natural occurrence of watering the earth which gives abundant produce, has the associative meaning of destruction and flooding when in excess (Ge 7:12; 8:2; Lev 26:4; 1Ki 17:7, 14; 18:41, 44, 45; 2Ki 3:17; Ezr 10:9, 13; Job 37:6; Ps 68:10[EB 9]; 105:32; Pr 25:14, 23; Ecc 11:3; 12:2; SS 2:11; Isa 44:14; 55:10; Jer 5:24; 14:4; Eze 1:28; 13:11, 13; 34:26; 38:22; Hos 6:3; Joel 2:23; Am 4:7; Zec 10:1; 14:17+)

1774 II. גֶּשֶׁם (gě·šěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1654;—LN 93-pers. (male) Geshem: opponent of rebuilding walls (Ne 2:19; 6:1, 2+), see also 1776

1775 גֹּשֶׁם (gō·šěm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1656; TWOT 389—LN 14.10–14.14 rainwater, i.e., water falling as rain as a natural occurrence (Eze 22:24+), note: Eze 22:24 may also be parsed as pual pf. of 1772

1776 גַּשְׁמוּ (gǎš·mû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1654;—LN 93-pers. (male) Geshmu (NIV Geshem): opponent of rebuilding walls (Ne 6:6+), see also 1774

1777 גֹּשֶׁן (gō·šěn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1657; TWOT 390—LN 93-place (loc.) Goshen: 1. town of Judah, near Debir (Jos 15:51+) 2. area of Negev (Jos 10:41; 11:16+) 3. Egyptian Land of Goshen, likely in the NE part of the delta (Ge 45:10; 46:28,29, 34; 47:1, 4, 6, 27; 50:8; Ex 8:18[EB 22]; 9:26+), see also 8314(2.)

1778 גִּשְׁפָּא (giš·pā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1658;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gishpa: officer over the temple servants (Ne 11:21+)

גּשׁשׁ (gšš) or גשׁשׁ (gšš): see 1779

1779 גָּשַׁשׁ (gā·šǎš): v.; ≡ Str 1659; TWOT 391—LN 24.73–24.76 (piel impf.) grope along, feel one’s way by stretching out the hands and arms to feel for objects in front of you, touching but not necessarily grasping (Isa 59:10+), note: in context the actions of a blind person

1780 I. גַּת (gǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1660; TWOT 841a—LN 7.63–7.76 winepress, i.e., a construction for stomping and pressing juice from grapes, in various shapes; of a trough, vat, or even a pit (Jdg 6:11; Ne 13:15; Isa 63:2; La 1:15; Joel 4:13[EB 3:13]+)

1781 II. גַּת (gǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1661;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gath: 1. a city of the Philistines, (Jos 11:22), note: for MT text in 1Sa 17:52, see 1628, 1785 2. a city in the Sharon Plain (1Ch 7:21)

1782 III. גַּת (gǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1662, 1667;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gath: part of a compound name, Gath Hepher, see 1783; Gath Rimmon, see 1784; Moresheth Gath, see 4628

1783 גַּת הַחֵפֶר (gǎṯ hǎ·ḥē·p̄ěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1662;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gath Hepher: border town in Zebulun (180–238) (Jos 19:13; 2Ki 14:25+)

1784 גַּת־רִמּוֹן (gǎṯ-·rim·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1667;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gath Rimmon: 1. town of Dan, possibly (132–166) (Jos 19:45; 21:24; 1Ch 6:54[EB 69]+) 2. town in Manasseh (Jos 21:25+)

1785 גִּתִּי (git·tî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1663;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Gittite: pertaining to an inhabitant of Gath (Jos 13:3; 2Sa 6:10, 11; 15:18, 19, 22; 18:2; 21:19; 1Ch 13:13; 20:5+), see 1781

1786 גִּתַּיִם (git·tǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1664;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gittaim: town in Benjamin, (2Sa 4:3; Ne 11:33+)

1787 גִּתִּית (git·tîṯ): n.fem. [KB, Holladay: unknown; BDB: adj.fem.]; ≡ Str 1665; TWOT 841b—LN 14.74–14.86 gittith, i.e., an unknown technical musical term, possibly the name of the tune, or the name of the instrument that played it, or a festival or ceremony related to the wine-press (Ps 8:1[EB title]; 81:1[EB title]; 84:1[EB title]+)

1788 גֶּתֶר (gě·ṯěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1666;—LN 93-pers. (male) Gether: grandson of Shem (Ge 10:23; 1Ch 1:17+)

ד

1789 ד (d): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

דּאב (dʾb) or דאב (dʾb): see 1790

1790 דָּאַב (dā·ʾǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 1669; TWOT 392—1. LN 25.287 unit: דָּאַב עַיִן ־ִי (dā·ʾǎḇ ʿǎ·yin i-y) (qal) have a grieving appearance, have a sad look, formally, languish of my eye (Ps 88:10[EB 9]+); 2. LN 25.270–25.287 (qal) have sorrow, languish (Jer 31:12+); 3. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: נֶפֶשׁ דָּאַב (ně·p̄ěš dā·ʾǎḇ) one tired or faint, formally, soul she languishes, i.e., one in need of sustenance and refreshment (Jer 31:25+)

1791 דְּאָבָה (deʾā·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1670; TWOT 392a—LN 25.223–25.250 dismay, despair, i.e., be in a mental state of distress (Job 41:14[EB 22]+); note: for a cj, see 1802

1792 דְּאָבוֹן (deʾā·ḇôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1671; TWOT 392b—LN 25.223–25.250 despair, languishing, i.e., a mental state of distress (Dt 28:65+)

דּאג (dʾg) or דאג (dʾg): see 1793

1793 דָּאַג (dā·ʾǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 1672; TWOT 393—1. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) have worry, be troubled (1Sa 9:5; 10:2; Ps 38:19[EB 18]; Jer 17:8; 42:16+); 2. LN 25.251–25.269 be afraid, i.e., have fear (Isa 57:11; Jer 38:19+)

1794 דָּאג (dā(ʾ)ḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1709; TWOT 401a—LN 4.59 fish, a gilled animal that lives in water, caught and used for food (Ne 13:16+), note: apparently a generic term, see also 1834, 1836

1795 דֹּאֵג (dō·ʾēḡ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1673;—LN 93-pers. (male) Doeg: an Edomite in Saul’s employment (1Sa 21:8[EB 7],9; 22:18a, 18b Q,22 Q; Ps 5:2[EB title]+), note: for K see 1869

1796 דְּאָגָה (deʾā·ḡā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1674; TWOT 393a—LN 25.223–25.250 anxiety, restlessness, worry, i.e., an attitude or emotion of distress (Jos 22:24; Pr 12:25; Jer 49:23; Eze 4:16; 12:18, 19+)

דּאה (dʾh) or דאה (dʾh): see 1797

1797 I. דָּאָה (dā·ʾā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1675; TWOT 394—1. LN 15.245 (qal) swoop down, i.e., the downward gliding motion of a bird of prey in the act. of grasping prey (Dt 28:49; Jer 48:40; 49:22+), note: for MT text in 2Sa 22:11, see 8011; 2. LN 15.107–15.117 glide, i.e., the effortless, somewhat downward flying motion of a flying creature (Ps 18:11[EB 10]+), note: here used of God as a majestic, potent presence

1798 II. דָּאָה (dā·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1676; TWOT 394a—LN 4.38–4.46 bird of prey, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature: some as a bird of prey; (most versions) kite; NIV, red kite; others as a carrion-bird; KJV, vulture; NRSV, buzzard, (Lev 11:14+), see also 8012; note: Holladay specifically identifies as a kite, Milvus milvus

1799 דֹּאר (dō(ʾ)r): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1756;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dor: coastal town, N of Caesarea, (Jos 17:11+), see also 1888; also part of a compound name, Hammoth Dor, see 2831; Naphoth Dor, see 5869; Endor, see 6529

1800 דֹּב (dōḇ): n.masc. [n.fem. some contexts]; ≡ Str 1677; TWOT 396a—LN 4.1–4.37 bear, i.e., sow or boar of the species Ursus syriacus, a wild large-mammal, omnivore: female (2Sa 17:8; Pr 17:12; Hos 13:8+); male (1Sa 17:34, 36, 37; 2Ki 2:24; Pr 28:15; Isa 11:7; 59:11; La 3:10; Am 5:19+), note: there seems to be no focus on the gender in these contexts

1801 דֹּבֶא (dō·ḇě(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1679; TWOT 395a—1. LN 74 strength, power, i.e., be able or capable for tasks or events of life (Dt 33:25+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 22.42–22.47 rest, i.e., a state of peaceful existence, as a favorable state (Dt 33:25+); 3. LN 23.129–23.141 unit: ךְּ־ יוֹם ־ךָ (k- yôm ḵā), דֹּבֶא ־ךָ (dō·ḇě(ʾ) ḵā) healthy life, formally, as your days, your strength, i.e., all one’s life he will have strength as a youth would (Dt 33:25+)

1802 דְּבָאָה (deḇā·ʾā(h)): n.fem.—LN 74 strength, power, i.e., be able or capable for tasks or events of life (Job 41:14[EB 22] cj+), note: MT text reads 1791; note: see also domain LN 76

1803 דָּבַב (dā·ḇǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 1680; TWOT 396—1. LN 14.17–14.35 (qal ptcp.) flowing gently, i.e., an event of the motion of a liquid (SS 7:10[EB 9]+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 23.34 unit: (qal ptcp.) דָּבַב שָׂפָה (dā·ḇǎḇ śā·p̄ā(h)) drink, formally, flow over gently the lips (SS 7:10[EB 9]+)

1804 דִּבָּה (dib·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1681; TWOT 396b—1. LN 13.213 report, i.e., information delivered to someone, with a focus on the content (Ge 37:2; Nu 13:32; 14:36, 37+), note: in each context it is a negative report; 2. LN 33.387–33.403 slander, defamation, i.e., speech that insults another, possibly in hushed, semi-private tones (Ps 31:14[EB 13]; Pr 10:18; Jer 20:10; Eze 36:3+); 3. LN 33.262–33.273 bad reputation, i.e., what is said about a person and understood to be commonly known (Pr 25:10+)

1805 I. דְּבוֹרָה (deḇô·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1682; TWOT 399f—1. LN 4.47–4.50 wild honey bee, i.e., an insect identified as Apis mellifica (Isa 7:18+); 2. LN 4.47–4.50 (pl.) swarm of wild honey bees (Dt 1:44; Jdg 14:8; Ps 118:12+)

1806 II. דְּבוֹרָה (deḇô·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1683;—LN 93-pers. (female) Deborah: 1. nurse for Rebekah (Ge 35:8+) 2. prophetess and judge in Israel Jdg 4:4–5:15+ passim

דִּבְיוֹנִים (diḇ·yô·nîm) BDB: see 1807

1807 דִּבְיֹנִים (diḇ·yō·nîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1686;—1. LN 5.23–5.28 pl. (most versions) excretion of doves or pigeons, possibly bird dung as salt substitute (2Ki 6:25 Q+), note: for K (thought to be more vulgar), see 2989 + 3433, note: given the extreme conditions this is likely meaning in this context, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 5.1–5.22 herb, i.e., a plant called “dove’s dung;” (NIV) seed pods; (Tanakh ftn) carob pods; (NJB, NAB) wild onions; (NEB, REB) locust beans, note: according to Josephus Wars 5:13:7 herbs could not be gathered in a walled siege

1808 I. דְּבִיר (deḇîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1687; TWOT 399g—LN 7.35 inner sanctuary, the Most Holy Place, i.e., a room within a building, about 30ft in length, width, and height (1Ki 6:5–31 passim; 7:49; 8:6, 8; 2Ch 3:16; 4:20; 5:7, 9; Ps 28:2+), note: for NIV text in 2Ch 3:16, see 8054

1809 II. דְּבִיר (deḇîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1688;—LN 93-pers. (male) Debir: king of Eglon (Jos 10:3+)

1810 III. דְּבִיר (deḇîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1688; TWOT 399h—LN 93-place (loc.) Debir: 1. see 1809 2. border town between Judah and Benjamin (Jos 15:7) 3. town of Gilead, E of the Jordan River (Jos 13:26) 4. Canaanite city in the hill country of Judah (Jos 15:49), see also 7962, 7963

1811 דְּבֵלָה (deḇē·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1690; TWOT 397a—1. LN 5.1–5.22 pressed fig lump, i.e., a food made by pressing fig-fruit into a “cake.” (1Sa 25:18; 30:12; 1Ch 12:41[EB 40]+); 2. LN 6.203–6.204 medicinal figs poultice, i.e., a folk remedy applied to sooth or heal a skin disturbance, as was common in the ANE (2Ki 20:7; Isa 38:21+)

1812 דִּבְלָה (diḇ·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1689;—LN 93-place (loc.) Diblah: town N of Israel, on Orontes River (Eze 6:14+), note: in BHS ftn, see also 8058

1813 דִּבְלַיִם (diḇ·lǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1691;—LN 93-pers. (male) (most versions) Diblaim: father-in-law of Hosea (Hos 1:3+), note: for another interpretation, see next; note: Holladay possibly “daughter of Diblaim” could refer to a female inhabitant of (an unknown) town called Diblaim; see also 1813.5

דִּבְלַיִם (diḇ·lǎ·yim): n.[masc.] [served by 1813]; ≡ Str 1691;—LN 57.172–57.177 price of harlotry, i.e., the price paid for hiring a service (Hos 1:3+), note: cf. NEB, “worthless woman,” REB, “unchaste woman,” for another interp of most versions, see 1813

דִּבְלָתָה (diḇ·lā·ṯā(h)) Holladay: see 8058 (Eze 6:14+)

1814 דִּבְלָתַיִם (diḇ·lā·ṯǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1015;—LN 93-place (loc.) Diblathaim: part of a compound name, Beth Diblathaim, see 1086; Almon Diblathaim, see 6627

דּבק (dbq) or דבק (dbq): see 1815

1815 דָּבַק (dā·ḇǎq): v.; ≡ Str 1692; TWOT 398—1. LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) cling to, i.e., fasten oneself to an object (Ru 1:14; 2Sa 23:10; Job 29:10); (hif) stick to (Eze 3:26; 29:4b+); (pual) joined fast, be stuck together (Job 38:38; 41:9[EB 17]+); (hof) be made to cleave, stick to (Ps 22:16[EB 15]+); 2. LN 83.23–83.32 (qal) stay close, formally, cling, i.e., be in close proximity to another object (Ru 2:8); 3. LN 15.75–15.80 (hif) catch up, overtake, engage, i.e., make linear motion to come to the same place as another person or party, for either favorable or hostile intent (Ge 31:23; Jdg 18:22; 20:42, 45; 1Sa 14:22; 31:2; 2Sa 1:6; 1Ch 10:2+); 4. LN 34.1–34.21 (qal) be united, joined, i.e., be in a close association, implying a normal continuing relationship (Ge 2:24); (hif) be associated, formally, bind, i.e., be in a close association as a figurative extension of a belt fastening objects together (Jer 13:11+); 5. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) happen, formally, overtake, i.e., have an event happen as a figurative extension of meeting or approaching near another in linear movement (Ge 19:19); 6. LN 23.142–23.184 (hif) plague, i.e., cause a pandemic sickness (Dt 28:21+)

1816 דָּבֵק (dā·ḇēq): adj.; ≡ Str 1695; TWOT 398—1. LN 31.82–31.101 holding fast, i.e., pertaining to being faithful, steadfast, and obedient (Dt 4:4; Pr 18:24+); 2. LN 24.73–24.76 touch, i.e., pertaining to one object coming in contact with another (2Ch 3:12+)

1817 דֶּבֶק (dě·ḇěq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1694; TWOT 398a—1. LN 47 soldering, i.e., a process of joining metals through a welding by pressure and heat (Isa 41:7+); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 lower appendage of a breastplate armor (1Ki 22:34; 2Ch 18:33+)

דּבר (dbr)[1] or I. דבר (dbr): see 1818

דּבר (dbr)[2] or II. דבר (dbr): see 1819

דּבר (dbr)[3] or II. דבר (dbr): see 1819 or 1820

1818 I. דָּבַר (dā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1696; TWOT 399—1. LN 15.34–15.74 (piel) depart, i.e., leave an area (SS 5:6+), note: Holladay also places Job 19:18; Ps 75:6[EB 5] here; 2. LN 20.61–20.88 (piel) kill, destroy, i.e., take the life of another or others (2Ch 22:10; Pr 21:28+), note: Holladay also places Ps 127:5; Isa 32:7 here; note: for pual Ps 116:10 cj, see 1819 piel; note: Pr 21:28 some interp as 1819 or 1820; 3. LN 39.52–39.61 (hif) subdue, i.e., to conquer and so control another or others (Ps 18:48[EB 47]; 47:4[EB 3]+)

1819 II. דָּבַר (dā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1696; TWOT 399—LN 33.69–33.108 (qal) speak, tell, say, i.e., speak or talk in verbal communication, with a possible focus on the aloud-sounds and content of verbalization (Zec 2:2[EB 1:19]), note: Job 19:18, Pr 21:28 in oth is interp as 1818, note: (piel) oth Jer 9:7 parsed as 1825; (qal pass.) be spoken (Pr 25:11+); (nif) talk together, converse together (Ps 119:23; Eze 33:30; Mal 3:13, 16+); (piel) speak (Ge 18:27); (pual) be said, be spoken (Ps 87:3; SS 8:8+); (hif) see 1818; (hitp) speak from between or inside (Nu 7:89; Eze 2:2; 43:6+), note: context in English allows for many different translation words as one fine-tunes the meaning; here are some possible translation options: “address, announce, argue, ask, boast, command, complain, declare, decreed, describe, direct, discuss, encourage, explain, foretell, give opinion, instruct, invite, mention, name, order, plead, pray, preach, predict, proclaim, promise, propose, recite, repeat, reply, report, say, sing, slander, speak, state, talk, teach, tell, threaten, urge, utter, warn”; note: further study may yield more domains

1820 III. דָּבַר (dā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1696; TWOT 399—LN 10.14–10.48 (piel) have descendants, i.e., have progeny in successive generations (Pr 21:28+), note: 1819 or 1820 would be the interp if this is antithetical parallelism; if synonymous then 1818 (as in NIV)

1821 דָּבָר (dā·ḇār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1697; TWOT 399a—1. LN 33.69–33.108 statement, what is said, word, saying, message, communication, i.e., that which has been stated or said (Nu 23:5), note: for MT text in Ps 119:37, see 2006; 2. LN 33.69–33.108 speaking, i.e., the act. of speaking (Da 10:9); 3. LN 33.69–33.108 account, treatise, record, i.e., a formally rendering of an event in a systematic manner (2Sa 11:8); 4. LN 13.104–13.163 happening, event, matter, thing, something, anything, i.e., an event which one may refer (Nu 31:16); 5. LN 33.387–33.403 unit: דָּבָר בֶּלַע (dā·ḇār bě·lǎʿ)2 harmful word, i.e., evil destructive speech, with a focus on the destructiveness of the speech (Ps 52:6[EB 4]+); 6. LN 33.251–33.255 unit: דָּבָר בֶּלַע (dā·ḇār bě·lǎʿ)2 lies, i.e., untrue words that confuse (Ps 52:6[EB 4]+); 7. LN 39.1–39.12 unit: מִי בַּעַל דָּבָר (mî bǎ·ʿǎl dā·ḇār) disputer, formally, whoever is master of the word, i.e., one in a hostile position to another (Ex 24:14+), note: in context, a civil dispute; 8. LN 33.218–33.223 unit: דָּבָר נִחֻמִים (dā·ḇār ni·ḥǔ·mîm) word of comfort, i.e., words spoken with certainty of declaration (Zec 1:13+); 9. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: דָּבָר בְּ־ נַחַת (dā·ḇār b- nǎ·ḥǎṯ)2 normal speech, formally, words of quietness, i.e., what is normally spoken in a normal tone (Ecc 9:17+); 10. LN 33.365–33.367 unit: דָּבָר נָעִים (dā·ḇār nā·ʿîm)1 compliments, formally, pleasant words, i.e., what is spoken as praise or flattery (Pr 23:8); 11. LN 56.4–56.11 unit: שִׂים (śîm) … עֲלִילָה דָּבָר (ʿǎlî·lā(h) dā·ḇār) make a charge, formally, place (to someone) action of words, i.e., make a legal accusation against someone, which if unbased, becomes slander (Dt 22:14, 17+), note: some sources see “slander” or “capriciousness” as a central focus of the meaning; 12. LN 33.387–33.403 unit: דָּבָר עֶצֶב (dā·ḇār ʿě·ṣěḇ)2 harsh words, formally, word of toil, i.e., communication through speech which is critical, and unduly cruel or blunt apparently for the purpose of causing mental anguish (Pr 15:1+); 13. LN 33.26–33.34 unit: דָּבָר רוּחַ (dā·ḇār rûaḥ) long-winded speech, formally, words of mere breath, i.e., make a formal argumentation which goes on for a long time, and so implied to be disdained by the hearer (Job 16:3+); 14. LN 56.2–56.3 unit: דָּבָר רִיבָה (dā·ḇār rî·ḇā(h)) legal case, lawsuit, formally, word of dispute, i.e., a legal action taken in court as a contest between two parties for justice (Dt 17:8+); 15. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: דָּבָר שָׂפָה (dā·ḇār śā·p̄ā(h)) empty words, mere talk, i.e., speech that cannot be backed by the actions it claims (2Ki 18:20; Pr 14:23; Isa 36:5+); 16. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: דָּבָר שָׁנָה בְּ־ שָׁנָה (dā·ḇār šā·nā(h) b- šā·nā(h))2 year after year (1Ki 10:25); note: further study may yield more domains

1822 I. דֶּבֶר (dě·ḇěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1698; TWOT 399b—LN 23.158 disease, plague, pestilence, i.e., a pandemic occurrence of sickness that causes widespread death, often with the associative meaning of judgment from God (Ex 5:3; 9:3, 15; Lev 26:25; Nu 14:12; Dt 28:21; 2Sa 24:13, 15; 1Ki 8:37; 1Ch 21:12, 14; 2Ch 6:28; 7:13; 20:9; Ps 78:50; 91:3, 6; Jer 14:12; 21:6, 7, 9; 24:10; 27:8, 13; 28:8; 29:17, 18; 32:24, 36; 34:17; 38:2; 42:17, 22; 44:13; Eze 5:12, 17; 6:11, 12; 7:15; 12:16; 14:19, 21; 28:23; 33:27; 38:22; Hos 13:14; Am 4:10; Hab 3:5+), note: KB, Holladay identify as a bubonic plague, a bacterially spread, attack on the lymph system, but other kinds of plague may be the meaning note: Ps 91:3, 6; Hos 13:4+, see also 1823

1823 II. דֶּבֶר (dě·ḇěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1698; TWOT 399b—LN 3.47–3.59 thorn, i.e., a sharp-pointed, relatively short, firm, leafless modified branch (Ps 91:3, 6; Hos 13:4+), note: NIV as 1822

1824 דֹּבֶר (dō·ḇěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1699; TWOT 399c—LN 1.60–1.68 pasture, i.e., an open grazing area for flocks (Isa 5:17; Mic 2:12+)

1825 דִּבֵּר (dib·bēr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1699; TWOT 399c—LN 33.69–33.108 word, i.e., a message of communication (Jer 5:13; 9:7+), note: 9:7 the NIV parsed as 1819(piel)

1826 דִּבְרָה (diḇ·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1700; TWOT 399e—1. LN 56.2–56.3 cause, i.e., a legal case presented to a judge (Job 5:8+); 2. LN 89.8–89.11 unit: עַל דִּבְרָה (ʿǎl diḇ·rā(h)) mode, manner, way, with regard to, i.e., a marker to show a relation of correspondence, implying a succession of elements (Ps 110:4+), note: NIV translates “order”; 3. LN 89.4–89.7 unit: עַל דִּבְרָה (ʿǎl diḇ·rā(h)) as for, in regard to, i.e., a marker of specification (Ecc 3:18+); 4. LN 89.87–89.89 unit: עַל דִּבְרָה (ʿǎl diḇ·rā(h)) therefore, i.e., a marker of a sequential addition, with an emphasis of a logical sequential thought being expressed (Ecc 7:14+); 5. LN 89.15–89.38 unit: עַל דִּבְרָה (ʿǎl diḇ·rā(h)) because, i.e., a marker of a cause or reason (Ecc 8:2+), note: oth parse Dt 33:3 as 1830

1827 דֹּבְרוֹת (dō·ḇerôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 1702; TWOT 399d—LN 3.2–3.12 raft, collection of floating logs for ship-tow transport (1Ki 5:23[EB 9]+), note: this is not a vessel that carries things, but merely a way to transport the logs themselves

1828 דִּבְרִי (diḇ·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1704;—LN 93-pers. (male) Dibri: of Dan, a bi-racial Israelite (Lev 24:11+)

1829 דָּבְרַת (dāḇ·rǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1705;—LN 93-place (loc.) Daberath: Levitical border town of Issachar and Zebulun, (Jos 19:12; 21:28; 1Ch 6:57[EB 72]+), note: possibly related to 9314(2.)

1830 דַּבֶּרֶת (dǎb·bě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1703; TWOT 399j—LN 33.224–33.250 word, that is received by the hearer, i.e., a communication that is an instruction or teaching, (Dt 33:3+), note: see also 1826

1831 דְּבַשׁ (deḇǎš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1706; TWOT 400a—1. LN 5.1–5.22 honey, i.e., the sweet viscid product of bees collecting pollen, with the associative meaning of abundance or sustenance (Jdg 14:8); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 (NEB, REB) grape-syrup, i.e., a thick, sweet viscid liquid processed from grape juice (Ge 43:11; Eze 27:17), note: most translations, see prior entry; 3. LN 59.48–59.61 unit: זוּב חָלָב וְ־ דְּדַשׁ (zûḇ ḥā·lāḇ w- deḏǎš) abundance, formally, flowing with milk and honey (Ex 3:8)

1832 I. דַּבֶּשֶׁת (dǎb·bě·šěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1707; TWOT 400b—LN 8.9–8.69 camel hump, i.e., the fleshy protuberance of a one-humped camel Camelus dromedarius (Isa 30:6+)

1833 II. דַּבֶּשֶׁת (dǎb·bě·šěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1708;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dabbesheth: border town in Zebulun, (Jos 19:11+)

1834 דָּג (dāḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1709; TWOT 401a—1. LN 4.58–4.61 fish, i.e., a class of animal that lives in a body of water, i.e., a general term and not a particular species or even size in meaning (Ge 9:2; Nu 11:22; 1Ki 5:13[EB 4:33]; Job 12:8; Ps 8:9[EB 8]; Ecc 9:12; Eze 38:20; Hos 4:3; Jnh 2:1b[EB 1:17b],11[EB 10]; Hab 1:14; Zep 1:3+), see also 1794, 1836; 2. LN 4.61 unit: דָּג גָּדוֹל (dāḡ gā·ḏôl) sea monster, formally, big fish, the associative meaning is this is a creature so large only the LORD could control it (Jnh 2:1a[EB 1:17]a+), note: Hebrew taxonomy might allow for this to be a swimming mammal (whale), but apparently the writer wanted to use a most generic classification; 3. LN 6.10–6.13 unit: צִלְצָל דָּג (ṣil·ṣāl dāḡ) fishing-spear, formally, spear of fishes (Job 40:31[EB 41:7])

דָּג (dāḡ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1709; TWOT 401a—LN 93-place (loc.) Fish Gate: an entrance area (2Ch 33:14; Ne 3:3; 12:39; Zep 1:10+)

דּגה (dgh) or דגה (dgh): see 1835

1835 I. דָּגָה (dā·ḡā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1711; TWOT 401—LN 59.48–59.61 (qal) increase, multiply greatly, grow to a greater number (Ge 48:16+), note: possibly there is still some associative or determinative meaning to the denominative “fish,” and so “increase like great schools of fish” may be the metaphor

1836 II. דָּגָה (dā·ḡā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1710; TWOT 401b—LN 4.58–4.61 fish, a class of animal that lives in a body of water, whether salt or fresh water (Ge 1:26, 28; Ex 7:18, 21; Nu 11:5; Dt 4:18; Ps 105:29; Isa 50:2; Eze 29:4,5; 47:9, 10; Jnh 2:2[EB 1]+), see also 1794, 1834

1837 דָּגוֹן (dā·ḡôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1712; TWOT 403b—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Dagon: deity associated with the Philistines (Jdg 16:23; 1Sa 5:2–7 passim; 1Ch 10:10+); also part of a compound name Beth Dagon, see 1087

דגל (dgl) KB: see 1838, 1839

דּגל (dgl)[1] Holladay: see 1838

דּגל (dgl)[2] Holladay: see 1839

1838 I. דָּגַל (dā·ḡǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1713; TWOT 402b—LN 79.9–79.17 (qal pass.) be outstanding, be conspicuous, i.e., have an appearance that is readily pointed out, implying beauty or majesty (SS 5:10+), oth see 1839; note: as a kind of appearance, see domain LN 24.1–24.51

1839 II. דָּגַל (dā·ḡǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1713; TWOT 402b—1. LN 33.476–33.489 (qal) lift a banner, i.e., give a non-verbal signal to celebration of a victory (Ps 20:6[EB 5]+); 2. LN 55.7–55.13 (nif) organized troops, formally, gathered around the banner, i.e., marching, sharp-looking troops, which would march with banners, as an extension of having a banner lifted up (SS 6:4+); 3. LN 15.148–15.155 (nif) in procession, i.e., pertaining to marching in an organized manner, with banners raised, and so be a lovely, awesome sight (SS 6:10+)

1840 דֶּגֶל (dě·ḡěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1714; TWOT 402a—1. LN 6.215–6.225 standard, i.e., an ensign on a pole for identification of a tribe or special group for rallying or organization of groups (Nu 1:52–2:2-34 passim; 10:14, 18, 22, 25+), note: this is not a cloth flag on the upper end of the pole, but a figurine of some kind, sometimes an animal; 2. LN 6.215–6.225 banner, pennon, i.e., a pole shaft with cloth flag of some kind, which hovers over its people as a sign; here as a figure or sign of prominent love (SS 2:4+), note: see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

1841 דָּגָן (dā·ḡān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1715; TWOT 403a—LN 3.33–3.46 grain, i.e., the harvested product of plants such as wheat, barley, etc. (Ge 27:28, 37; Nu 18:12, 27; Dt 7:13; 11:14; 12:17; 14:23; 18:4; 28:51; 33:28; 2Ki 18:32; 2Ch 31:5; 32:28; Ne 5:2, 3, 10, 11; 10:40[EB 39]; 13:5, 12; Ps 4:8[EB 7]; 65:10[EB 9]; 78:24; Isa 36:17; 62:8; Jer 31:12; La 2:12; Eze 36:29; Hos 2:10[EB 8],11[EB 9],24[EB 22]; 7:14; 9:1; 14:8[EB 7]; Joel 1:10, 17; 2:19; Hag 1:11; Zec 9:17+), note: American “corn” is a different plant (maize), and its use in American translation could lead to translation distortion for this lexeme

דּגר (dgr) or דגר (dgr): see 1842

1842 דָּגַר (dā·ḡǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1716; TWOT 404—LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) care for chicks, i.e., the mother bird cares for them in the time period following the hatching (Isa 34:15; Jer 17:11+), note: in Jeremiah, it may also apply to a mother brooding unhatched eggs, note: with a conversive וְ־ (w) the clause reads “like a partridge broods but not give hatch.”

1843 דַּד (dǎḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1717; TWOT 405—LN 8.37 bosom, breasts of a woman, with a focus in these contexts as a sexually desired area of the body (Pr 5:19; Eze 23:3, 8, 21+), note: BDB translates as a specific part of the female bosom, i.e., teat, nipple

דֹּד (dōḏ) BDB: see 1856

דּדה (ddh) or דדה (ddh): see 1844

1844 דָּדָה (dā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1718; TWOT 406—1. LN 25.223–25.250 (hitp) be sad, be dejected, i.e., have constant feelings that has one live in a depressed manner, as a figurative expression of walking slowly, as a way one leads one’s life (Isa 38:15+); 2. LN 15.148–15.155 (hitp) lead a procession, i.e., walk in a relatively slow and deliberate manner toward a common goal or space (Ps 42:5[EB 4]+)

דֹּדָה (dō·ḏā(h)) BDB: see 1860

1845 דֹּדָוָהוּ (dō·ḏā·wā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1735;—LN 93-pers. (male) Dodavahu: father of a prophet (2Ch 20:37+)

1846 דֹּדִי (dō·ḏî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1734;—LN 93-pers. (male) Dodi: (2Sa 23:9 K+), for Q, see 1861; for NIV text, see 1862

1847 דְּדָן (deḏān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1719;—LN 93-pers. (male) Dedan: 1. of Noah, through Ham and Cush (Ge 10:7; 1Ch 1:9+) 2. grandson of Abraham-Keturah (Ge 25:3; 1Ch 1:32+) 3. place in NW Arabia S of Edom, cf. (Isa 21:13), see 1848 4. another place (Jer 25:23+) 5. another place (Jer 49:8; Eze 25:13+) 6. MT for “Rhodes” (Eze 27:15+) see 8102 cf. also Eze 27:20 7. another place (Eze 38:13+), note: this material difficult to sort out, and may have other delineations of the persons and places/peoples, see also 1848, 1849

1848 דְּדָנִי (deḏā·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1719, 1720;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Dedanite: pertaining to Dedan (Isa 21:13+), note: related to a person, see 1847(1–2.); related to a territory, see 1847(3–7.)

1849 דֹּדָנִים (dō·ḏā·nîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1721;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Dodanim: Ionian people descended from Javan (Ge 10:4+; cf. 1Ch 1:7), see also 8102, 8114, for yet another solution, see BHS ftn

דּהם (dhm) or דהם (dhm): see 1850

1850 דָּהַם (dā·hǎm): v.; ≡ Str 1724; TWOT 407—LN 30.1–30.38 (nif) bewildered, confused, i.e., pertaining to being taken by surprise and so not think clearly in a situation and so not be able to respond properly or forcefully (Jer 14:9+)

דּהר (dhr) or דהר (dhr): see 1851

1851 דָּהַר (dā·hǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1725; TWOT 408—LN 15.230–15.237 (qal) gallop, formally, dash, i.e., to run at a fast pace with a four-footed animal (Na 3:2+), see also 1850

1852 דַּהֲרָה (dǎ·hǎrā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1726; TWOT 408a—LN 15.230–15.237 galloping, i.e., the act. of running at a fast pace with a four-footed animal (Jdg 5:22+), see also 1851

דּוֹב (dôḇ): see 1800 1Sa 17:34, 36+

דּוב (dwb) or דוב (dwb): see 1853

1853 דּוּב (dûḇ): v.; ≡ Str 1727; TWOT 409—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (hif) drain away, i.e., cause liquid to come out of a container or body of water to a lower gravitational point (Lev 26:16+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: דּוּב נֶפֶשׁ (dûḇ ně·p̄ěš) make weak, formally, drain away the life, i.e., be in a very weakened condition, possibly deadly situation, as a figurative extension of liquid draining out of a container (Lev 26:16+), note: some translate as “loss of appetite.”

דּוּג (dûḡ) BDB: see 1899

1854 דַּוָּג (dǎw·wāḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1728; TWOT 401d—LN 44 fisher, i.e., one who catches fish by nets or hooks or possibly spears (Jer 16:16 K; Eze 47:10 Q+), see also 1900

1855 דּוּגָה (dû·ḡā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1729; TWOT 401e—1. LN 44 fishing, i.e., the act. of fishing (Am 4:2+); 2. LN 6.10–6.13 unit: סִירָה דּוּגָה (sî·rā(h) dû·ḡā(h)) fishing hook, formally, thorn of fishing, referring to a hook or possibly a fishing-pike (spear), as a figurative extension of capture (Am 4:2+), see also domain LN 55.23–55.25

1856 דּוֹד (dôḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1730; TWOT 410a—1. LN 25.33–25.58 lover, i.e., one who is beloved and a romantic kindred spirit, which may have sexual relations (SS 1:13); 2. LN 25.33–25.58 love, i.e., the state or condition of romantic affection, which can include sexual relations (SS 1:2); 3. LN 23.61–23.65 lovemaking, i.e., sexual encounter with a partner or spouse (Pr 7:18; Eze 16:8; 23:17); 4. LN 10.14–10.48 uncle, i.e., one’s father’sing. brother (2Ki 24:17), cf. 1860; 5. LN 34.1–34.21 loved one, friend, i.e., one who is in close association to another (Am 6:10), note: this could be a relative or a friend, though context may favor a relative; 6. LN 10.49–10.52 unit: בֵּן דּוֹד (bēn dôḏ) male cousin, formally, son of uncle (Lev 25:9); 7. LN 10.49–10.52 unit: בַּת דּוֹד (bǎṯ dôḏ) female cousin, formally, daughter of uncle (Est 2:7)

1857 דּוּד (dûḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1731; TWOT 410e—1. LN 6.118–6.151 basket, i.e., a container not used for cooking, but transport of items, possibly flexible (2Ki 10:7; Ps 81:7[EB 6]; Jer 24:1, 2+); 2. LN 6.118–6.151 kettle, caldron, pot, i.e., a container that can be used for cooking over a fire (1Sa 2:14; 2Ch 35:13; Job 41:12[EB 20]+)

1858 דָּוִד (dā·wiḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1732; TWOT 410c—LN 93-pers. (male) David: youngest of Jesse, shepherd and king of united Israel, psalmist (Ru 4:17, 22; 1Sa 16:13–2Ch 35:15 passim; Ps 3:1[EB title])

1859 דּוּדָאִים (dû·ḏā·ʾîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1736; TWOT 410d—LN 3.13–3.32 pl. mandrake plant believed to be an aphrodisiac and/or fertility aid, a plant of the Atropa or Mandragora plant families (Ge 30:14–16+; SS 7:14[EB 13]+), note: it is not clear to the editor if the root or the fruit is ingested for sexual functions (or does the fragrance alone act. as a plant pheromone for desire?). See also domain LN 23.61–23.65

1860 דּוֹדָה (dô·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1733; TWOT 410b—1. LN 10.14–10.48 blood-aunt, i.e., sister of one’s father (Ex 6:20+), see also 1856; 2. LN 10.14–10.48 aunt-in-law, i.e., wife of father’s brother (Lev 18:14; 20:20+)

1861 דּוֹדוֹ (dô·ḏô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1734;—LN 93-pers. (male) Dodo: 1. grandfather of minor judge (Jdg 10:1+) 2. a great warrior for David (2Sa 23:9 Q; 1Ch 11:26+) 3. father of a great warrior for David (2Sa 23:24+) note: in 1Ch 11:12, for NIV text, see 1862

דּוֹדָוָהוּ (dô·ḏā·wā·hû) BDB: see 1845

1862 דּוֹדַי (dô·ḏǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1737;—LN 93-pers. (male) Dodai: great warrior for David (2Sa 23:9; 1Ch 11:12; 27:4+), note: for other MT K/Q, see 1846, 1861

1863 דּוּדַי (dû·ḏǎy) BDB: n.masc.—see 1859; Jer LN 24:LN 1, see 1857 alt. lexical form

דּוה (dwh) or דוה (dwh): see 1864

1864 דָּוָה (dā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1738; TWOT 411—1. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal inf. cs.) be ill, be sick (Lev 12:2+); 2. LN 23.182 unit: נִדָּה דָּוָה (nid·dā(h) dā·wā(h)) menstruate, formally, flow of illness, i.e., have a female cyclical vaginal egg discharge (Lev 12:2+)

1865 דָּוֶה (dā·wě(h)): adj. [see also 1865.5]; ≡ Str 1739; TWOT 411b—1. LN 23.182 pertaining to the menstrual cycle (Lev 15:33; 20:18+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 fainting, i.e., pertaining to not feeling well and being weak (La 1:13; 5:17+)

דָּוֶה (dā·wě(h)): n.fem. [see also 1865]; ≡ Str 1739; TWOT 411b—LN 6.152–6.187 contaminated thing, i.e., a menstrual cloth or other unclean item related to menstrual flow (Isa 30:22+)

דּוח (dwḥ) or דוח (dwḥ): see 1866

1866 דּוּחַ (dûaḥ): v.; ≡ Str 1740; TWOT 412—1. LN 47.8–47.13 (hif) rinse off meat, i.e., wash butchered meat before sacrificing (2Ch 4:6; Eze 40:38+), note: NIV text in Jer 51:34, see 5615; 2. LN 40.8–40.13 unit: דָּם (dām) … דּוּחַ (dûaḥ) forgive sin, remove guilt, formally, wash the blood off (Isa 4:4+)

1867 דְּוַי (dewǎy): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1741; TWOT 411a—1. LN 23.142–23.184 illness, sickness (Job 6:7; Ps 41:4[EB 3]+), see also 1868; 2. LN 5.1–5.22 unit: דְּוַי לֶחֶן ־ִי (dewǎy lě·ḥěn i-y) rotten food, formally, illness of my bread, i.e., food which will cause illness (Job 6:7+); 3. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: עֶרֶשׂ דְּוַי (ʿě·rěś dewǎy), formally, bed of sickness, i.e., be in a state of sickness (Ps 41:4[EB 3]+)

1868 דַּוָּי (dǎw·wāy): adj.; ≡ Str 1742; TWOT 411d—1. LN 25.270–25.287 faint, i.e., pertaining to being afflicted with sorrow or other emotional injury (Jer 8:18; La 1:22+), see also 1867; 2. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: כֹּל לֵבָב דַּוָּי (kōl lē·ḇāḇ dǎw·wāy) internal sickness, cramps, formally, heart of affliction, i.e., to have internal cramping and sickness (Isa 1:5+)

דויג (dwyg) BDB: see 1869

1869 דּוֹיֵג (dô·yēḡ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1673;—LN 93-pers. (male) Doieg: an Edomite in Saul’s employment 1Sa 22:18, 22 K+, see Q 1795

דָּוִיד (dā·wîḏ): see 1858

דּוךְ (dwk) or דוךְ (dwk): see 1870

1870 דּוּךְ (dûḵ): v.; ≡ Str 1743; TWOT 413—LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) crush or pound in a mortar to make a flour-like substance (Nu 11:8+)

1871 דּוּכִיפַת (dû·ḵî·p̄ǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1744; TWOT 414—LN 4.38–4.46 hoopoe, i.e., a ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; (most versions) hoopoe Upupa epops; (KJV) lapwing (Lev 11:19; Dt 14:18+), note: the specific identification is made by connection of the translation of the LXX and Vg

1872 I. דּוּמָה (dû·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1745; TWOT 415a—1. LN 33.117–33.125 silence, i.e., lack of sound (Ps 94:17; 115:17+); 2. LN 1.19 place of death, formally, silence, i.e., the figurative extension of dead people making no sounds (Ps 94:17; 115:17+); 3. LN 28.68–28.83 unit: מַשָּׂא דּוּמָה (mǎś·śā(ʾ) dû·mā(h)) concealment of meaning, formally, oracle of silence, i.e., something said but not known or understood (Isa 21:11+), note: for NIV and oth, see 1873(2.)

1873 II. דּוּמָה (dû·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1746;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dumah: 1. town in the hill country of Judah near Hebron, (Jos 15:52+), for MT text, see 8126(2.) 2. (terr) place in Edom (Isa 21:11+), see also 1874; note: for another interp, see 1872

1874 III. דּוּמָה (dû·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1746;—LN 93-pers. Dumah: (male) 1. son of Ishmael (Ge 25:14; 1Ch 1:30+) 2. see also 1873

1875 דּוּמִיָּה (dû·miy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1747; TWOT 415b—1. LN 33.117–33.125 silence, i.e., not made a sound (Ps 22:3[EB 2]; 39:3[EB 2]+); 2. LN 22.35–22.37 rest, i.e., relief from trouble with an implication of being in a right relationship to God (Ps 62:2[EB 1]+); 3. LN 66 awaits, i.e., the expectation of something that is rightfully, properly due (Ps 65:2[EB 1]+)

1876 דּוּמָם (dû·mām): n.masc. [oth adj.] [see also 1876.5]; ≡ Str 1748; TWOT 415c—LN 23.98 lifelessness, i.e., not having life with the attributes of being dumb or silent, as the feature of an inanimate object (Hab 2:19+), see also domain LN 79

דּוּמָם (dû·mām): adv. [served by 1876]; ≡ Str 1748; TWOT 415c—LN 33.117–33.125 in silence, quietly, i.e., making little or no sound (Isa 47:5; La 3:16+)

1877 דּוּמֶּשֶׂק (dûm·mě·śěq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1834;—LN 93-place (loc.) Damascus: city of the plateau, NE of Mt Hermon (2Ki 16:10+), see also 1966, 1967, 2008

1878 דּוֹן (dôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1777; TWOT 426—see 8723 (Job 19:29 Q+), note: this lexeme assumes a parsing of separating into 8611 + 1878, for K, see 8611 + 1906 or 8726

דּון (dwn) or דון (dwn): see 1879 or [BDB] 1878

1879 דּוּן (dûn): v.; ≡ Str 1777; TWOT 426—LN 85.67–85.85 (qal impf.) remain, abide, i.e., dwell in a certain location (Ge 6:3+), note: NIV parse as 1906, note: others translate “rule,” and relate to 1878; note: in context, the removal of life-giving spirit would so refer to physical death

1880 דּוֹנַג (dô·nǎḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1749; TWOT 444a—LN 8.70–8.77 bee’s wax, i.e., a naturally occurring secretion of bees, for honey storage, as a pliable substance when heated (Ps 22:15[EB 14]; 68:3[EB 2]; 97:5; Mic 1:4+), note: in these contexts this is apparently not a food, see also domain LN 5.21

דּוץ (dwṣ) or דוץ (dwṣ): see 1881

1881 דּוּץ (dûṣ): v.; ≡ Str 1750; TWOT 416—1. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal impf. 3fs.) move gingerly forward, go in front of someone with vigor (Job 41:14[EB 22]+), see also domain LN 15.143; 2. LN 25.251–25.269 unit: לְ־ פָּנֶה ־ו דּוּץ דְּאָבָה (l- pā·ně(h) w dûṣ deʾā·ḇā(h)) fear, formally, dismay goes before him, i.e., he instills fear (Job 41:14[EB 22]+)

דּוק (dwq) or דוק (dwq): see 1882

1882 דּוּק (dûq): v.—see 1990 an alternate parsing of דָּקַק (dā·qǎq) (Isa 28:28b+)

דור (dwr) KB: see 1883, 1884

דּוּר (dûr)[1] Holladay: see 1883

דּוּר (dûr)[2] Holladay: see 1884

1883 I. דּוּר (dûr): v.; ≡ Str 1752; TWOT 418—LN 59.1–59.10 (qal) pile, heap, mound up, i.e., make a collection or mass of objects, making a relatively elevated place of the pile (Eze 24:5+), note: in context a pile of wood refers to a hot fire

1884 II. דּוּר (dûr): v.; ≡ Str 1752; TWOT 418—LN 85.67–85.85 (qal) dwell, live, abide, i.e., reside in a certain place as a living space (Ps 84:11[EB 10]+)

1885 III. דּוּר (dûr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1754; TWOT 418a—1. LN 79.91–79.94 encircling position, circular shape, all around, i.e., pertaining to a shape that is a circle, round and without corners (Isa 29:3+); 2. LN 79.91–79.94 ball, sphere, i.e., an object which is a spherical shape and conducive to being thrown (Isa 22:18+), see also domain LN 6

1886 I. דּוֹר (dôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1755; TWOT 418b—LN 85.67–85.85 house, dwelling-place, i.e., apparently a tent-camp (Isa 38:12; Ps 49:20[EB 19]+), note: for another interp in Ps, see 1887

1887 II. דּוֹר (dôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1755; TWOT 418b—1. LN 10.14–10.48 lineage, generation, family line, i.e., a group of persons related by birth (Jos 22:28); 2. LN 11.1–11.11 generation, i.e., a group of people living at the same time and belonging to the same age/class as relates to creating the next generation (Ge 6:9; Jer 2:31); 3. LN 67.142–67.162 generation, i.e., a period of time as an indefinite period of time (Ps 61:7[EB 6]); 4. LN 10.1–10.13 class of persons, formally, generation, i.e., a group exhibiting similarities (Dt 32:5; Pr 30:11); 5. LN 67.78–67.141 unit: דּוֹר וְ־ דּוֹר (dôr w- dôr)2 always, through all generations, formally, generation and generation, i.e., a duration of time without reference to other periods of time (Ps 10:6)

1888 III. דּוֹר (dôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1756;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dor: coastal town, N of Caesarea, (Jos 12:23; Jdg 1:27; 1Ch 7:29+), see also 1799, note: see also 5869; note: for compound names, see 6529.6

דּושׁ (dwš) or דושׁ (dwš): see 1889

1889 דּוּשׁ (dûš): v.; ≡ Str 1758; TWOT 419—1. LN 43 (qal) tread, thresh, i.e., trample grain stalks and heads with hooves or implements, in order to separate from the fruit parts of grain (Dt 25:4; 2Ki 13:7; 1Ch 21:20; Isa 28:28b; Jer 50:11; Hos 10:11+), note: Isa 28:28a, see 169; (hof) (Isa 28:27+) be threshed; note: some parse Isa 28:28+ as from 169 with same meaning; 2. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) trample, i.e., to crush with a foot or hoof (Job 39:15+); 3. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) tear flesh (Jdg 8:7+); 4. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroy, i.e., the figurative extension of threshing or trampling (Isa 41:15; Am 1:3; Mic 4:13; Hab 3:12+); (nif) be trampled (Isa 25:10+)

דּחה (dḥh) or דחה (dḥh): see 1890

1890 דָּחָה (dā·ḥā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1760; TWOT 420—1. LN 15.160–15.164 (qal) drive along, i.e., push an object along or backward with force (Ps 35:5; 118:13+); 2. LN 16 (qal) trip up, make stumble, i.e., make one fall down by placing an unanticipated object in front of the person, as a non-linear motion which causes a falling motion (Ps 140:5[EB 4]+); 3. LN 16 (qal pass.) tottering, weakened, reeling, i.e., pertaining to that which can be easily pushed over, as a non-linear movement (Ps 62:4[EB 3]+); 4. LN 17.26–17.28 (pual pf.) thrown down, i.e., pertaining to being in a lowly stance after having fallen down (Ps 36:13[EB 12]+); 5. LN 22.1–22.14 (nif) exposed to danger, formally, brought down, i.e., pertaining to a state of unfavorable circumstance and exposure to harm or trouble as a figurative extension of being in a lowly stance, possibly from falling or tripping (Pr 14:32+), note: this may possibly be implying a low status, see also domain LN 87.58–87.75

דּחח (dḥḥ) or דחח (dḥḥ): see 1891

1891 דָּחַח (dā·ḥǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 1760; TWOT 420—LN 20.31–20.60 (nif) be thrust down, i.e., be destroyed as punishment, as a figurative extension of the act. of falling (2Sa 14:14a; Jer 23:12+), note: NIV parses as 5615

1892 דְּחִי (deḥî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1762; TWOT 420a—LN 15.118–15.122 (the act. of) stumbling, falling, i.e., with the associative meaning to not live in the right way before the LORD and so offend or sin (Ps 56:14[EB 13]; 116:8+), see also domain LN 25.179–25.185 or LN 88.289–88.318

1893 דֹּחַן (dō·ḥǎn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1764; TWOT 422a—LN 5.1–5.22 sorghum, millet grain, i.e., a cereal grain for making bread Sorghum vulgare (Eze 4:9+)

דּחף (dḥp) or דחף (dḥp): see 1894

1894 דָּחַף (dā·ḥǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 1765; TWOT 423—LN 15.222 (qal pass.) run, be in haste, be spurred on, i.e., move quickly (Est 3:15; 8:14+); (nif) be rushed, hurry, move oneself in haste (2Ch 26:20; Est 6:12+)

דּחק (dḥq) or דחק (dḥq): see 1895

1895 דָּחַק (dā·ḥǎq): v. [see also 1895.5]; ≡ Str 1766; TWOT 424—LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) push, shove, jostle, i.e., press into and bump into each other (Joel 2:8+)

דֹּחֵק (dō·ḥēq): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc. of 1895]; ≡ Str 1766; TWOT 424—LN 39.45–39.46 oppressor, i.e., one who afflicts and shows hostility toward (Jdg 2:18+)

1896 דַּי (dǎy): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1767, 4078;—1. LN 57.22–57.24 enough, sufficiency, necessary supply, plenty, as much, i.e., an amount that is necessary to meet a need, imply even a little more (Ex 36:5); 2. LN 4.47–4.50 unit: דַּי אַרְבֶּה (dǎy ʾǎr·bě(h)) swarm of locust, formally, plenty of locust, i.e., a large assembly of locust (Jdg 6:5); 3. LN 38.14–38.20 unit: ךְּ־ דַּי (k- dǎy) deservedly, formally, according to sufficiency, i.e., pertaining to a punishment which is proper and corresponding, implying an equal but not excessive amount (Dt 25:2); 4. LN 89.39–89.54 unit: בְּ־ דַּי רִיק (b- dǎy rîq)2 for nothing, in vain, for no reason, i.e., a marker of not having a proper result (Jer 51:58; Hab 2:13); 5. LN 67.17–67.64 unit: מִן דַּי (min dǎy) whenever, as often as, i.e., a marker of an indefinite point of time in relation roughly simultaneous with other points of time (2Ki 4:8); 6. LN 67.17–67.64 unit: בְּ־ דַּי (b- dǎy) whenever, as, at, i.e., a marker of an indefinite point of time in relation roughly simultaneous with other points of time (Job 39:25); 7. LN 67.118–67.135 unit: מִן דַּי (min dǎy) from, i.e., a marker of the extent of time from a point of time in the past, implying a sufficient amount of time (Isa 66:23); 8. LN 57.152–57.171 unit: נָגַע יָד דַּי (nā·ḡǎʿ yāḏ dǎy) afford, formally, reach the hand of sufficiency, i.e., not have the economic means to purchase an item (Lev 5:7); 9. LN 57.152–57.171 unit: מָצָא יָד דַּי (mā·ṣā(ʾ) yāḏ dǎy) afford, formally, find the hand of sufficiency, i.e., not have the economic means to purchase an item (Lev 12:8)

1897 דִּיבוֹן (dî·ḇôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1769;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dibon: 1. town of Judah (Ne 11:25+), note: possibly same as 1905(2.) 2. town in Moab, E of the Jordan (Nu 21:30)

1898 דִּיבוֹן גָּד (dî·ḇôn gāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1410, 1769;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dibon Gad: town of Moab, (Nu 33:45, 46+), see also 1897(2.)

דִּיבֹן (dî·ḇōn) BDB: see 1897, 1898

דּיג (dyg) or דיג (dyg): see 1899

1899 דִּיג (dîḡ): v.; ≡ Str 1770; TWOT 401c—LN 44 (qal pf. 3mp.) catch fish, i.e., the method (hook or net) is not clear, but this “catching” is a figurative extension for capture and deportation (Jer 16:16+), see also domain LN 55.23–55.25

1900 דַּיָּג (dǎy·yāḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1771; TWOT 401d—LN 44 fisher, i.e., one who catches fish by nets or hooks or possibly spears (Isa 19:8; Jer 16:16 Q+), see also 1854

1901 דַּיָּה (dǎy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1772; TWOT 394b—LN 4.38–4.46 bird of prey, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature: some as a bird of prey; (NIV, NAB, REB) falcon; (ASV, NASB, NKJV, RSV, NRSV) kite; others as carrion-bird; (KJV) vulture, (NEB, NJB) crow or raven, (Tanakh) buzzard (Dt 14:13; Isa 34:15+)

1902 דְּיוֹ (deyô): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1773; TWOT 411e—LN 6.57 ink, i.e., a writing fluid made of soot or other carbon and a colloidal substance of oil or resin, or sometimes mixed with metal substances (Jer 36:18+)

1903 דִּי זָהָב (dî zā·hāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1774;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dizahab: place E of Jordan (Dt 1:1+), note: the suggested location does not seem to fit context

דִּיחַ (dîaḥ) BDB: see 1866

1904 דִּימוֹן (dî·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1775;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dimon: town (Isa 15:9+), note: some versions read 1897

1905 דִּימוֹנָה (dî·mô·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1776;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dimonah: town in the S of Judah (Jos 15:22+), possibly see also 1897

דּין (dyn) or דין (dyn): see 1906

1906 I. דִּין (dîn): v.; ≡ Str 1777; TWOT 426—1. LN 56.20–56.34 (qal) judge, i.e., to act. in deciding what is right and wrong, implying a punishment or reward to follow, and usually according to an agreed set of principles (Dt 32:36) note: some parse Ge 6:3 as 1879 “remain, abide.”; 2. LN 56.12–56.19 (qal) defend, plead a cause, i.e., speak at a judicial inquiry on behalf of a defendant (Jer 30:13); 3. LN 56.20–56.34 (qal) execute judgment, provide justice, i.e., act. as a judge who will acquit or punish without prejudice or favor (Ge 49:16); 4. LN 37.48–37.95 (qal) govern, rule, formally, judge, i.e., lead and exercise authority, with a focus that the leader has the power to punish or reward (Ps 9:9[EB 8]), note: for Job 36:31 cj, see 2315; 5. LN 39.1–39.12 (qal) contend, struggle, fight, i.e., act. in a manner that shows opposition, whether speaking, physical, or in a situation (Ecc 6:10); (nif) argue with each other (2Sa 19:10[EB 9]+)

1907 II. דִּין (dîn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1779; TWOT 426a—1. LN 56.2–56.3 cause, legal case, i.e., a legal action taken in a court (Dt 17:8; Job 35:14; Ps 9:5[EB 4]; Jer 5:28; 30:13+); 2. LN 56.20–56.34 judgment, i.e., the decision of right and wrong in a legal situation, implying punishment to the wrong-doer (Job 36:17; Ps 76:9[EB 8]+); 3. LN 56.20–56.34 justice, i.e., the state or condition of deciding right and wrong without favor or prejudice (Est 1:13; Ps 140:13[EB 12]; 29:7; Pr 20:8+); 4. LN 33.439–33.445 quarrel, debate, dispute, formally, cause, i.e., the verbal wrangling between individuals, implying strife and opposition, but not necessarily in a legal setting (Pr 22:16+); 5. LN 56.4–56.11 rights, i.e., something to which one has legal claim, based on a commonly agreed set of principles or laws (Pr 31:5, 8; Isa 10:2+), note: Job 19:29 K, see Q 8723

1908 דַּיָּן (dǎy·yān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1781; TWOT 426b—1. LN 35.1–35.18 defender, i.e., one who will come to someone’s aid (Ps 68:6[EB 5]+); 2. LN 56.20–56.34 judge, adjudicator, i.e., one who decides between persons or causes, implying he is a defender or aider of the innocent (1Sa 24:16[EB 15]+), see also domain LN 35.1–35.18

1909 דִּינָה (dî·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1783;—LN 93-pers. (female) Dinah: daughter of Jacob-Leah (Ge 30:21; 34:1–26 passim; 46:15+)

1910 דִּיפַת (dî·p̄ǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7384;—LN 93-pers. (male) (most versions) Diphath: of Noah by Japheth (1Ch 1:6+) note: for NIV text, see 8196

1911 דָּיֵק (dā·yēq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1785; TWOT 417a—1. LN 6.29–6.40 siege works, bulwark, i.e., a siege-wall as an offensive weapon (with higher walls than the besieged walls) to throw projectiles over the defending walls, or a siege rampart built against a wall (Eze 4:2; 17:17; 21:27[EB 22]; 26:8+); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 siege perimeter, i.e., an area surrounding a walled city to stop all movement in and out of a besieged city (2Ki 25:1; Jer 52:4+), note: for another interp, see prior entry; see also domain LN 15.146–15.147

דִּישׁ (dîš) BDB: see 1889

1912 דַּיִשׁ (dǎ·yiš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1786; TWOT 419a—LN 67.163–67.200 threshing season, i.e., a harvest time for grains (Lev 26:5+), note: BDB says the meaning is the “process of threshing,” see domain LN 43

1913 I. דִּישׁוֹן (dî·šôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1788; TWOT 419c—LN 4.1–4.37 kind of goat, i.e., ceremonially clean animal, hence eatable: cud-chewing mammal with split hoof; a kind of goat; NIV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh, ibex (Dt 14:5+), note: NKJV, mountain goat; or a kind of antelope or gazelle; KJV, ASV, pygarg; NJB, antelope; NAB, addax; or even of the Cervidae family; NEB, REB, white-rumped deer; Holladay, “bison?”

1914 II. דִּישׁוֹן (dî·šôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1787;—LN 93-pers. (male) Dishon: 1. son of the Horite clan chief Anah (Ge 36:25; 1Ch 1:41a, 42+), see also 1915 2. son of the Horite clan chief Seir (Ge 36:21, 26, 30; 1Ch 1:38, 41b+), note: there is difficulty in distinguishing these two in some references, note: for MT text in Ge 36:26, see 1915

1915 דִּישָׁן (dî·šān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1789;—LN 93-pers. (male) Dishan: Horite chief in Edom (Ge 36:21, 26, 28, 30; 1Ch 1:38+), note: for NIV text in Ge 36:26, see 1914(1.)

דִּישֹׁן (dî·šōn) BDB: see 1913

1916 דַּךְ (dǎḵ): adj.; ≡ Str 1790; TWOT 429a—LN 22.15–22.20 oppressed, i.e., pertaining to those harassed and in distress (Ps 9:10[EB 9]; 10:18; 74:21; Pr 26:28+)

דּכא (dkʾ) or דכא (dkʾ): see 1917

1917 דָּכָא (dā·ḵā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 1792; TWOT 427—1. LN 20.12–20.30 (piel) crush, harm, i.e., apply pressure to an object, which if alive, will hurt, bruise, or kill (Job 4:19; 6:9; Ps 72:4; 89:11[EB 10]; 94:5; 143:3; Isa 3:15; 53:10; La 3:34+), see also LN 19.43–19.54; (pual) bruised, formally, crushed, i.e., have a wound on the body due to a violent pressing motion (Isa 53:5+); 2. LN 88.51–88.58 (nif) contrite, formally, crushed, i.e., pertaining to being humble and unpretentious, as a figurative extension of an object in a low position due to pressure placed on it (Isa 57:15+); (pual) humbled, crushed (Jer 44:10+); 3. LN 25.288–25.296 (pual) dejected, formally, crushed, i.e., have feelings of discouragement (Job 22:9; Isa 19:10+); 4. LN 56.20–56.34 (piel) crush, i.e., find liable for punishment or payment in a court, as an extension of being physically bruised or crushed (Pr 22:22+); (hitp) defeated, formally, lie crushed (Job 5:4; 34:25+); 5. LN 33.387–33.403 (piel) slander, formally, crush, i.e., harm another with words (Job 19:2+)

1918 I. דַּכָּא (dǎk·kā(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 1793; TWOT 427a—1. LN 19.46 crushed, i.e., pertaining to damaging a part of a body by destructive pressing or blow (Dt 23:2[EB 1]+), note: for an alt. text as a noun, see 1921; 2. LN 88.51–88.58 contrite, i.e., pertaining to an attitude of penitence or humility (Isa 57:15+); 3. LN 25.223–25.250 despondent, i.e., pertaining to the attitude or emotion of distress (Ps 34:19[EB 18]+)

1919 II. דַּכָּא (dǎk·kā(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1793; TWOT 427a—LN 2.14–2.28 dust, i.e., a fine-powered earth as a natural substance (Ps 90:3+)

1920 דָּכָה (dā·ḵā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1794; TWOT 428—1. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) crush, i.e., to press on someone, implying destruction (Ps 10:10 Q); (piel) crush (Ps 44:20[EB 19]; 51:10[EB 8]+); 2. LN 25.223–25.250 (nif) be crushed, be despondent, i.e., have an attitude or emotion of distress (Ps 38:9[EB 8]+); 3. LN 88.51–88.58 (nif) contrite, i.e., have an attitude of penitence or humility (Ps 51:19[EB 17]+)

דָּכָה (dā·ḵā(h)) Holladay: see 1918

1921 דַּכָּה (dǎk·kā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1795; TWOT 429b—LN 19.43–19.54 crushing, i.e., the act. of pressing a body part and maiming it (Dt 23:2), for BHS text, see 1918

1922 דֳּכִי (dǒḵî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1796; TWOT 428a—LN 14.17–14.35 pounding waves, dashing breakers, i.e., a surging surf that makes a loud noise (Ps 93:3+), note: there is some implication that these are powerful waves capable of destroying, see also domain LN 20.6

1923 I. דַּל (dǎl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1817; TWOT 431a—1. LN 7.39 opening, door, i.e., an entrance way to somewhere (Ps 141:3+), cf. also 1946; 2. LN 8.19 unit: דַּל שָׂפָה ־ִי (dǎl śā·p̄ā(h) i-y) mouth, formally, door of my mouth, i.e., a part of the body that allows things or words to pass. in and out (Ps 141:3+)

1924 II. דַּל (dǎl): adj.; ≡ Str 1800; TWOT 433a—1. LN 57.49–57.54 poor, needy, i.e., having little wealth and so of a humble condition and low status and vulnerable to oppression (Ex 23:3), note: see also domain LN 87.58–87.75; 2. LN 79.62–79.69 weak, haggard, scrawny, i.e., pertaining to being in a weak physical condition (Ge 41:19; 2Sa 13:4); 3. LN 87.58–87.75 humble, i.e., pertaining to low status (Jdg 6:15; 2Sa 3:1; Zep 3:12)

דָּל (dāl) BDB: see 1923

דּלג (dlg) or דלג (dlg): see 1925

1925 דָּלַג (dā·lǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 1801; TWOT 430—1. LN 15.101–15.106 (piel) scale, ascend a vertical structure (2Sa 22:30; Ps 18:30[EB 29]+); 2. LN 15.238–15.243 (piel) leap up, like a graceful deer or gazelle (Isa 35:6+); 3. LN 15.230–15.237 run in a leaping manner like a deer (SS 2:8+); 4. LN 15.224–15.229 (qal) step, walk upon an object (Zep 1:9+)

דלה (dlh) KB: see 1926, 1927

דּלה (dlh)[1] Holladay: see 1926

דּלה (dlh)[2] Holladay: see 1927

1926 I. דָּלָה (dā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1802; TWOT 431—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) draw water from a well (Ex 2:16, 19+); 2. LN 21.17–21.24 (piel) save, formally, lift from the depths, i.e., a figurative extension of drawing out of a pit of destruction (Ps 30:2[EB 1]+); 3. LN 32.1–32.10 (qal) understand, comprehend, i.e., to perceive what is hard to know (Pr 20:5+)

1927 II. דָּלָה (dā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1802; TWOT 431—LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) hang limp, dangle, be suspended, i.e., to be so very weak as to not be able to move or function (Pr 26:7+)

1928 III. דָּלָה (dā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1817; TWOT 431a—LN 7.39 door, i.e., an entrance to a room, with a moveable divider (Isa 26:20 Q+), note: same meaning as K, see 1946

1929 I. דַּלָּה (dǎl·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1803; TWOT 433c—1. LN 6.152–6.187 thrum, i.e., warp threads that remain on the loom after the material is removed (Isa 38:12+); 2. LN 8.13 unit: דַּלָּה רֹאשׁ (dǎl·lā(h) rō(ʾ)š)1 tossed and flowing hair, hair hanging down, formally, the thrum of the head, as a part of the body (SS 7:6[EB 5]+); 3. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: מִן דַּלָּה בָּצַע ־נִי (min dǎl·lā(h) bā·ṣǎʿ nî) premature death, formally, cut me from the loom, as a figurative extension of death (Isa 38:12+)

1930 II. דַּלָּה (dǎl·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1803; TWOT 433c—LN 57.49–57.54 the poor, i.e., people of little resources and of a low social status, as a social class (2Ki 24:14; 25:12; Jer 40:7; 52:15, 16+)

דּלח (dlḥ) or דלח (dlḥ): see 1931

1931 דָּלַח (dā·lǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 1804; TWOT 432—LN 16.3 (qal) make turbid, churn, stir up, i.e., make water unclear by walking in it, as a non-linear movement (Eze 32:2, 13+)

1932 דְּלִי (delî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1805; TWOT 431c—LN 6.118–6.151 water bucket, i.e., a container for holding liquid (Nu 24:7; Isa 40:15+), note: Holladay notes this is a leather bucket, with the mouth held open by cross-pieces

1933 דְּלָיָה (delā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1806;—LN 93-pers. (male) Delaiah: 1. see 1934(1.) 2. of David (1Ch 3:24+) 3. see 1934(2.) 4. father of Shemaiah (Ne 6:10+) 5. returnee from captivity (Ezr 2:60; Ne 7:62+)

1934 דְּלָיָהוּ (delā·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1806;—LN 93-pers. (male) Delaiahu (Delaiah NIV): 1. priest (1Ch 24:18+) 2. officer of Jehoiakim (Jer 36:12, 25+), see also 1933

דָּלִיּוֹת (dā·liy·yôṯ) BDB: see 1936

1935 דְּלִילָה (delî·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1807;—LN 93-pers. (female) Delilah: Samson’s seductive Philistine woman (Jdg 16:4–18+ passim)

1936 דָּלִית (dā·lîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1808; TWOT 431d—1. LN 3.47–3.59 branch, i.e., a bough of a tree (Jer 11:16; Eze 17:23; 31:7, 9, 12+); 2. LN 3.47–3.59 thick leafy tendril, i.e., the strong, woody part of a vine, which can be very strong (Eze 17:6, 7; 19:11+)

דלל (dll) KB: see 1937, 1938

דּלל (dll)[1] Holladay: see 1937

דּלל (dll)[2] Holladay: see 1938

1937 I. דָּלַל (dā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1809; TWOT 433—1. LN 57.49–57.54 (qal) be poor, i.e., be in a state of not having enough goods for normal life (Jdg 6:6+); 2. LN 57.37–57.48 (qal) be in need, i.e., be in a state of lacking what is essential (Ps 79:8; 116:6; 142:7[EB 6]+); 3. LN 74 (qal) be weak, fade, i.e., be in an incapable state in relation to a physical ability (Isa 38:14+), note: some translate as “long for”; 4. LN 59.62–59.71 (qal) decrease, fade, i.e., to have less of a quantity, amount, or intensity (Isa 17:4; 19:6+); note: some parse Isa 17:4; Jdg 6:6 as nif

1938 II. דָּלַל (dā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1809; TWOT 433—LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) hang, dangle, i.e., be attached to a rope or cable (not around the neck) and so hang and sway more or less helpless (Job 28:4+), note: oth as 1937

1939 דִּלְעָן (dil·ʿān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1810;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dilean: town in the western foothills of Judah (Jos 15:38+)

דּלף (dlp)[1] or I. דלף (dlp): see 1940

דּלף (dlp)[2] or II. דלף (dlp): see 1941

1940 I. דָּלַף (dā·lǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 1811; TWOT 434—1. LN 14.17–14.35 (qal impf.) leak, drip, i.e., have rain water come through a crack in a construction (Ecc 10:18+); 2. LN 25.138 (qal pf. 3fs.) shed tears, pour out tears from the eye (Job 16:20+), note: see also 940

1941 II. דָּלַף (dā·lǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 1811; TWOT 434—LN 23.66–23.77 (qal) sleepless, weary, i.e., be in a tired condition due insomnia and anxiety (Ps 119:28+), note: see also 940

1942 דֶּלֶף (dě·lěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1812; TWOT 434a—1. LN 15.122 a dropping, dripping, i.e., the act. of water falling after having hit an object then recollect and continue downward, passively driven only by gravity (Pr 19:13; 27:15+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 7.51 leaky roof, i.e., top covering part of a construction in disrepair (Pr 19:13; 27:15+), note: an alternate suggestion is “rain gutter,” but context does not support this as well; 3. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: דֶּלֶף טָרַד (dě·lěp̄ ṭā·rǎḏ) constant dripping, formally, “leaky roof of dripping” or “dripping of dropping,” i.e., a dripping that does not ever seem to stop, with a focus on the irritation felt from such a condition (Pr 19:13; 27:15+)

1943 דַּלְפוֹן (dǎl·p̄ôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1813;—LN 93-pers. (male) Dalphon: son of Haman (Est 9:7+)

דּלק (dlq) or דלק (dlq): see 1944

1944 דָּלַק (dā·lǎq): v.; ≡ Str 1814; TWOT 435—1. LN 14.63–14.73 (qal) set on fire (Ob 18+); (hif) inflame, kindle a fire (Eze 24:10+); 2. LN 15.158–15.159 (qal) pursue, chase, i.e., hunt down with intent of capture or oppression (Ge 31:36; 1Sa 17:53; La 4:19+); 3. LN 39.45–39.46 (qal) persecute, i.e., harass another (Ps 10:2+); 4. LN 88.283–88.288 unit: יַיִן דָּלַק (yǎ·yin dā·lǎq) (hif) be drunk, formally, inflamed with wine (Isa 5:11+); 5. LN 14.63–14.73 (qal) flame, i.e., the act. of burning vapors around an object on fire (Ps 7:14[EB 13]+), note: as a kind of weapon, see domain LN 6.29–6.40; 6. LN 33.365–33.367 unit: שָׂפָה דָּלַק (śā·p̄ā(h) dā·lǎq) smooth talk, flattering speech, formally, lips of flame (Pr 26:23)

1945 דַּלֶּקֶת (dǎl·lě·qěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1816; TWOT 435a—LN 23.142–23.184 inflammation, i.e., a sickness or diseased condition which causes the feeling of having a fever or being hot (Dt 28:22+)

1946 דֶּלֶת (dě·lěṯ): n.fem.masc. Ne 13:19; ≡ Str 1817; TWOT 431a—1. LN 7.39 door, i.e., an entrance into another room, with a divider (Ge 19:6), cf. also 1923, note: Isa 26:20 K, see 1928; 2. LN 7.38 gate, i.e., an entrance into an enclosed area (Dt 3:5); 3. LN 6.118–6.151 lid of a chest (2Ki 12:10); 4. LN 6.54–6.67 column of a scroll as a page layout device (Jer 36:23); 5. LN 7.39 leaf of a door, entrance with double doors, i.e., half of a door construction (Eze 41:24); 6. LN 13.146 water gate, i.e., that which stops water, as the figurative extension of that which impedes or stores up (Job 38:8, 10; Ps 78:23; Zec 11:1); 7. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: לֹא סָגַר דֶּלֶת בֶּטֶן (lō(ʾ) sā·ḡǎr dě·lěṯ bě·ṭěn)1 give birth, formally, not shut the doors of the womb (Job 3:10+); 8. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: דֶּלֶת פָּנֶה (dě·lěṯ pā·ně(h)) jaw, formally, door of the mouth, i.e., the clenching part of the mouth (Job 41:6[EB 14])

1947 דָּם (dām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1818; TWOT 436—1. LN 8.9–8.69 blood, i.e., the red liquid in creatures which is essential for life (Lev 4:16); 2. LN 23.88–23.128 death, formally, blood, i.e., the state or condition of not having physical life as an extension of blood (Ps 94:21); 3. LN 20.61–20.88 killing, formally, blood, i.e., the act. of taking the physical life of another either in murder or manslaughter (Nu 35:27); 4. LN 5.1–5.22 red juice, formally, blood, i.e., the liquid produce of the fruit of the grape plant (Ge 49:11); 5. LN 88.289–88.318 bloodguilt, i.e., the state of having liability for a wrong done, and so have a penalty (Ps 51:16[EB 14]); 6. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: שָׁפַךְ דָּם (šā·p̄ǎḵ dām) kill, formally, pour out blood, i.e., to take the life of another as an extension of draining blood out of a creature upon slaughter (Ge 9:6); 7. LN 40.8–40.13 unit: דָּם (dām) … דּוּחַ (dûaḥ) forgive sin, remove guilt, formally, wash the blood off (Isa 4:4+); 8. LN 88.289–88.318 unit: דָּם נֶפֶשׁ (dām ně·p̄ěš) guilt of murder, formally, blood of the soul, i.e., the moral consequence of a sin (Pr 28:17); 9. LN 88.289–88.318 unit: דָּם נָקִי (dām nā·qî) innocent person, formally, blood free of blame, i.e., a person morally pure and guiltless (2Ki 21:16); 10. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: זוּב דָּם (zûḇ dām) menstrual flow, i.e., the action of a discharge of blood and tissue debris from the uterus, with the associative meaning of ceremonial uncleanness and undesirable filth (Lev 15:19), note: for text in Eze 19:10 in NIV, see 4142

דּמה (dmh)[1] or I. דמה (dmh): see 1948

דּמה (dmh)[2] or II. דמה (dmh): see 1949

דּמה (dmh)[3] or II. דמה (dmh): see 1949 or 1950

1948 I. דָּמָה (dā·mā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1819; TWOT 437—1. LN 64 (qal) be like, resemble, compared, i.e., be comparable in quality, kind, or extent (Ps 89:7[EB 6]); (piel) compare (Isa 40:18); (nif) be like (Eze 32:2+), note: some parse as 1950; (hitp) make oneself like, make oneself equal (Isa 14:14+); 2. LN 30.39–30.52 (piel) plan, plot, intend, think, i.e., give consideration for a course of action (Nu 33:56); 3. LN 30.1–30.38 (piel) think, meditate, consider, i.e., process information, with an implication that one will respond appropriately (Ps 50:21); 4. LN 33.11–33.25 (piel) tell a parable, i.e., tell a thought out story which makes a point by comparison and likeness (Hos 12:11[EB 10]), see also 1949, 1950

1949 II. דָּמָה (dā·mā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1820; TWOT 438—1. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) cease, i.e., to stop or cease an activity in which one is engaged (Jer 14:17; La 3:49+); 2. LN 33.117–33.125 (qal) be silent, i.e., refrain from making a sound, including speaking or talking (La 2:10+); (nif) be silenced (Je 47:6+), for another interp, see 1948, 1950

1950 III. דָּמָה (dā·mā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1820; TWOT 438—LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroy, i.e., be in a ruinous state (Jer 6:2; Hos 4:5+); (nif) perish, be ruined, be destroyed, be wiped out (Ps 49:13[EB 12],21[EB 20]; Isa 6:5; 15:1; Hos 4:6; 10:7, 15; Ob 5; Zep 1:11+), note: for another interp, see 1948, 1949

1951 דֻּמָה (dǔ·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1822; TWOT 439b—LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, desolation, i.e., the figurative extension of one silenced, implying complete desolation (Eze 27:32+), note: for another text, see BHS ftn

דֻּמָה (dǔ·mā(h)) BDB: see 1951

1952 דְּמוּת (demûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1823; TWOT 437a—1. LN 64 likeness, i.e., that which has a similarity or comparison (Ge 1:26; 5:1, 3; Ps 58:5[EB 4]; Isa 13:4); 2. LN 58.14–58.18 image, form, i.e., what is seen (Isa 40:18; Eze 1:5; 10:22); 3. LN 33 builder’s draft, sketch, i.e., a graphic representation for building a construction (2Ki 16:10), see also domain LN 7.77–7.79; 4. LN 6.106–6.117 figurine, i.e., a sculptured artistic representation of an animal, but not an idol to be worshipped (2Ch 4:3)

1953 דְּמִי (demî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1824; TWOT 438a—1. LN 60.62 half, i.e., a midway point (Isa 38:10+); 2. LN 67.142–67.162 unit: בְּ־ דְּמִי יוֹם (b- demî yôm)1 time of mid.-life, halfway point in life, i.e., a prime time of life (Isa 38:10+)

1954 דֳּמִי (dǒmî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1824; TWOT 438a—1. LN 33.117–33.125 silence, i.e., to not break a sound wave, not communicate, with a strong implication that no activity will also occur (Ps 83:2[EB 1]+); 2. LN 22.35–22.37 rest, inactivity, implying a satisfaction of circumstances and peace and relief from trouble (Isa 62:6, 7+), note: in BDB Isa 38:10, see 1953

דֻּמִיָּה (dǔ·miy·yā(h)): see 1875 Ps 65:2[EB 1]+

1955 דִּמְיוֹן (dim·yôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1825; TWOT 437b—LN 64 likeness, i.e., what is comparable (Ps 17:12+)

1956 דַּמִּים (dǎm·mîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6450, 658;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dammim part of a compound name, Ephes Dammim, see 702; Pas Dammim, see 7169

דִּמָּיֹן (dim·mā·yōn) Lisowsky: see 1955

דמם (dmm): see 1957, 1958, 1959

דּמם (dmm)[1] Holladay: see 1957

דּמם (dmm)[2] Holladay: see 1958

דּמם (dmm)[3] Holladay: see 1959

1957 I. דָּמַם (dā·mǎm): v.; ≡ Str 1826; TWOT 439—1. LN 33.117–33.125 (qal) be silent, be quiet, i.e., not make sounds (Lev 10:3; Job 31:34; Ps 4:5[EB 4]; 30:13[EB 12]; 31:18[EB 17]; Isa 23:2; Jer 48:2; La 3:28; Eze 24:17; Am 5:13+); (nif) be silenced (1Sa 2:9; Jer 49:26; 50:30+); 2. LN 68.34–68.57 cease, stop, formally, be still, i.e., to cease an activity (Ex 15:16; Jos 10:12, 13; Job 30:27; Ps 35:15; 37:7; 62:6[EB 5]; Jer 47:6+); (poal) quiet (Ps 131:2+); 3. LN 67.118–67.135 wait, i.e., to extend a period of time, with no implication if appropriate or inappropriate (1Sa 14:9; Job 29:21+); 4. LN 23.66–23.77 rest, i.e., be in resting state, including sleep, with a focus on inactivity (La 2:18+), note: the sources much overlap domains and meanings, see also 1958, 1959

1958 II. דָּמַם (dā·mǎm): v.; ≡ Str 1826; TWOT 439—LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) wail, i.e., make sounds of mourning (Isa 23:2; Ps 4:5[EB 4]; La 2:10+), for another parsing, see 1957, and 1960

1959 III. דָּמַם (dā·mǎm): v.; ≡ Str 1826; TWOT 439—LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) perish (Jer 8:14a+); (hif) doom to perish (Jer 8:14b+); (nif) be laid waste, be silenced, be destroyed (Jer 25:37; 51:6+)

1960 דְּמָמָה (demā·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1827; TWOT 439a—1. LN 33.69–33.108 a hush, a whisper, i.e., a relatively low volume sound, as a verbal communication (1Ki 19:12; Job 4:16+); note: La 2:10, for another interp, see 1958; 2. LN 14.74–14.86 whisper, i.e., sound of low volume as a signal of calm (Ps 107:29+)

1961 דֹּמֶן (dō·měn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1828; TWOT 441a—LN 8.70–8.77 refuse, dung, feces, with the associative meaning of being without distinct form (2Ki 9:37; Ps 83:11[EB 10]; Jer 8:2; 9:21[EB 22]; 16:4; 25:33+)

1962 דִּמְנָה (dim·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1829;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dimnah: Levitical town in Zebulun (Jos 21:35+), see also 8234(3.), 8237

דּמע (dmʿ) or דמע (dmʿ): see 1963

1963 דָּמַע (dā·mǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 1830; TWOT 442—LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) weep, cry, i.e., shed tears in sorrow (Jer 13:17+), note: the redundant cognate means a very intense weeping in sorrow

1964 דֶּמַע (dě·mǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1831; TWOT 442a—LN 5.1–5.22 best drippings, best juice of the grape crop or finest oil of the olive vat, i.e., the juice drippings of a grape or olive press vat, not the compressed portions, but the unpressed, especially good, without bitterness or sediment (Ex 22:28[EB 29]+), as a sacrifice, see domain LN 53.16–53.27

1965 דִּמְעָה (dim·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1832; TWOT 442b—1. LN 8.73 tears, i.e., the bodily fluid that comes out of eyes as a basal response to emotional distress or physical pain (2Ki 20:5; Ps 6:7[EB 6]; 42:4[EB 3]; 56:9[EB 8]; 80:6[EB 5]; 116:8; Ecc 4:1; Isa 16:9; 25:8; 38:5; Jer 8:23[EB 9:1]; 9:17[EB 18]; 13:17; 14:17; 31:16; La 1:2; 2:11, 18; Eze 24:16; Mal 2:13+), note: this has the associative meanings of sorrow, distress, or repentance; 2. LN 25.135–25.145 weeping, making sounds of mourning and sorrow (Ps 39:13[EB 12]; 126:5+)

1966 דַּמֶּשֶׂק (dǎm·mě·śěq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1834; TWOT 443—LN 93-place (loc.) Damascus: city of the plateau, NE of Mt Hermon (Ge 14:15), note: for MT text in Am 3:12, see 1967; see also 1877, 1967, 2008

1967 דְּמֶשֶׁק (demě·šěq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1833; TWOT 433—1. LN 6.152–6.187 (ASV, BDB, NJB ftn) damask, i.e., a fine silk cloth (Am 3:12+); (NASB) cover; note: for NIV text, see 1966; for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.106–6.117 a part of a divan or couch: (NKJV) edge; (RSV, NRSV) part; (NAB) piece; (NEB) leg of a bed; (Tanakh) head of a couch (Am 3:12+), note: some change text, referring to parallels in cognate languages, note: though many sources change text, in the MT context, a piece of furniture is likely the meaning, or possibly a place name as 1967.5, and add a cj word as a part of a divan

דְּמֶשֶׁק (demě·šěq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1833; TWOT 433—LN 93-place (loc.) (NJB, REB) Damascus (Am 3:12), see 1877, 1966, 2008

דַּן (dǎn) KB3: n.masc.; ≡ Str 1833; TWOT 433—LN 6.118–6.151 (NEB, REB, NAB) container, cask, i.e., a vessel for holding liquid (Eze 27:19 cj+), note: for MT text, see 2258

1968 I. דָּן (dān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1835;—LN 93-pers. Dan: 1. (male) son of Jacob and Bilhah (Ge 30:6) 2. (tribe) descendants of Dan (Dt 27:13), note: for Eze 27:19 cj, see 751

1969 II. דָּן (dān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1835;—LN 93-place (loc.) 1. Dan: N border town of Israel, in the area of Dan (Ge 14:14; Jos 19:47; Jdg 20:1), see also 4332, 4386 2. the territory on the N boundary of Israel (Eze 48:2); also part of a compound name, Dan Jaan, see 1970; Mahaneh Dan, see 4723

1970 דָּן יַעַן (dān yǎ·ʿǎn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1842;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dan Jaan: town in Dan (2Sa 24:6+)

1971 דָּנִאֵל (dā·ni·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1840;—LN 93-pers. (male) Daniel: Eze 14:14, 20; 28:3 K+, see also 1975(3.)

1972 דַּנָּה (dǎn·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1837;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dannah: town of Judah, in the hill-country district of Debir (Jos 15:49+)

1973 דִּנְהָבָה (din·hā·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1838;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dinhabah: city of Bela, king of Edom (Ge 36:32; 1Ch 1:43+)

1974 דָּנִי (dā·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1839;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Danite: pertaining to people of Dan (Jdg 13:2; 18:1, 11, 30; 1Ch 12:36[EB 35]+), see also 1968(2.)

1975 דָּנִיֵּאל (dā·niy·yē(ʾ)l): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1840;—LN 93-pers. (male) Daniel: 1. son of David, (1Ch 3:1+), see also 3976 2. sealer of covenant (Ezr 8:2; Ne 10:7[EB 6]+) 3. An ancient wise man (Eze 14:14, 20; 28:3 Q+), note: for K see 1971; note: some relate to 4. 4. of Judah, a wise, powerful sage and prophet in captivity (Da 1:6), see also 1171

1976 דֵּעַ (dēaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1843; TWOT 848—1. LN 28.17–28.27 knowledge, what is known (Job 32:6, 10, 17; 36:3; 37:16+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 31.1–31.7 opinion, i.e., one’s belief about a particular matter (Job 32:6, 10, 17+)

1977 דָּעָה (dā·ʿā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3045; TWOT 848—see 1981 or 3359 Pr 10:32; 24:14; 29:7; Hos 6:3

1978 דֵּעָה (dē·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1844; TWOT 848b—1. LN 28.1–28.16 knowledge, i.e., information that implies wisdom and skill in judgment (1Sa 2:3; Job 36:4; Ps 73:11; Isa 28:9; Jer 3:15+); 2. LN 34.1–34.21 knowledge, i.e., information about a person, with a focus on the relationship with that person (Isa 11:9+)

1979 דְּעוּאֵל (deʿû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1845;—LN 93-pers. (male) Deuel: of Gad (Nu 1:14; 7:42, 47; 10:20+), note: for MT in Nu 2:14, see 8294(3.)

דּעךְ (dʿk) or דעךְ (dʿk): see 1980

1980 דָּעַךְ (dā·ʿǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 1846; TWOT 445—1. LN 14.63–14.73 (qal) snuff out, extinguish, i.e., to cause a fire or flame to no longer burn (Job 18:5, 6; 21:17; Pr 13:9; 20:20; 24:20; Isa 43:17+); 2. LN 68.34–68.57 (pual) die out, cease, i.e., to stop an activity as an extension of snuffing out a flame (Ps 118:12+); 3. LN 24.1–24.51 (nif) vanish, disappear, formally, snuff out, i.e., be in a state which cannot be seen, implying that it no longer exists, as an extension of the extinguishing of a flame (Job 6:17+), see also domain LN 13.69–13.103; note: for MT in Job 17:1, see 2403

1981 I. דַּעַת (dǎ·ʿǎṯ): n.fem. and masc. [oth qal inf.cs. of 3359]; ≡ Str 1847; TWOT 848c—1. LN 28.1–28.16 understanding, wisdom, i.e., a knowledge with focus on moral qualities and its application (Ge 2:9; Pr 2:5), see also domain LN 32.24–32.41; 2. LN 28.1–28.16 skillful, i.e., knowledge applied to a craft (Ex 31:3); 3. LN 34.1–34.21 knowledge, i.e., information of a person, with a strong implication of relationship to that person (Pr 2:5; 9:10; Hos 4:1), note: in Pr 29:7+ for another interp, see 1982; in Isa 53:11+ for another interp, see 1983; 4. LN 30.56–30.74 unit: בְּ־ בְּלִי דַּעַת (b- belî dǎ·ʿǎṯ)1 unintentionally, formally, without knowledge, i.e., to act. in a manner that has no forethought (Dt 4:42); 5. LN 32.42–32.61 unit: דַּעַת רוּחַ (dǎ·ʿǎṯ rûaḥ) foolish notion, vain thought, formally, knowledge of wind (Job 15:2); 6. LN 25.33–25.58 concern, i.e., a caring about the lot or situation of someone, as a kind of compassion (Pr 29:7)

1982 II. דַּעַת (dǎ·ʿǎṯ): n.fem.—see 1981 (Pr 29:7+)

1983 III. דַּעַת (dǎ·ʿǎṯ): n.fem.—see 1981 or 2399 (Isa 53:11+)

1984 דֳּפִי (dǒp̄î): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1848; TWOT 446a—LN 33.387–33.403 unit: נָתַן דֳּפִי (nā·ṯǎn dǒp̄î) slander, formally, give a blemish, i.e., give a verbal blemish or stain the character of another (Ps 50:20+)

דּפק (dpq) or דפק (dpq): see 1985

1985 דָּפַק (dā·p̄ǎq): v.; ≡ Str 1849; TWOT 447—1. LN 44 (qal) drive a herd too hard (Ge 33:13+), note: apparently by prodding with a rod or staff; 2. LN 19.1–19.13 (hitp) knock, pound on a door to signal one’s presence or demands (Jdg 19:22+); (qal) (SS 5:2+), for another interp, see next; 3. LN 19.43–19.54 (hitp) push each other, press one another toward a door (Jdg 19:22+)

1986 דָּפְקָה (dāp̄·qā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1850;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dophkah: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:12, 13+)

1987 דַּק (dǎq): adj.; ≡ Str 1851; TWOT 448a—1. LN 86.1–86.3 gaunt, thin, light, i.e., pertaining to underweight and so unhealthy living things (Ge 41:3); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 stunted, dwarfed, i.e., pertaining to one deformed either congenitally or through a disease such as rickets (Lev 21:20); 3. LN 79 powdered, i.e., pertaining to being of a finely ground quality, whether processed or natural (Lev 16:12; Isa 29:5; 40:15); 4. LN 79 flake-like, thin, i.e., pertaining to not being thick (Ex 16:14; Lev 13:30); 5. LN 14.74–14.86 gentle, i.e., pertaining to a soft volume of a voice (1Ki 19:12+)

1988 דֹּק (dōq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1852; TWOT 448b—LN 6.152–6.187 canopy, covering, i.e., a thin veil or gauze that is overhead (Isa 40:22+)

1989 דִּקְלָה (diq·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1853;—LN 93-pers. (male) Diklah: son of Joktan (Ge 10:27; 1Ch 1:21+), note: oth, a loc. in Arabia

דּקק (dqq) or דקק (dqq): see 1990

1990 דָּקַק (dā·qǎq): v.; ≡ Str 1854; TWOT 448—1. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) crush, grind, i.e., use implements to pound and apply pressure to a dried solid substance, resulting in powder or dust (Ex 32:20; Dt 9:21; Isa 28:28b; 41:15+); (hif) grind to powder, break to pieces (Ex 30:36; 2Sa 22:43; 2Ki 23:6, 15; 34:7+); (hof) be ground (to make bread) (Isa 28:28a+), note: for an alt. lex. form see 1882; 2. LN 19.34–19.42 break up, i.e., break a solid substance into relatively large pieces when compared to a powdered substance (2Ch 15:16; 34:4; Mic 4:13+)

דּקר (dqr) or דקר (dqr): see 1991

1991 דָּקַר (dā·qǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1856; TWOT 449—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) drive through, pierce, stab, run through, i.e., make physical impact with a sharp implement (Nu 25:8; Jdg 9:54; 1Sa 31:4; 1Ch 10:4; Zec 12:10; 13:3+); (nif) be thrust through (Isa 13:15+); (pual) be pierced, wounded, i.e., pertaining to a person who was pierced with a weapon (Jer 37:10; 51:4+), note: apparently it went into the abdomen area just missing the lungs, i.e., a slow dying “gut shot”; 2. LN 23.1–23.39 (pual) be very hungry, formally, pierced, i.e., to be racked with a desire for food as a result of a famine, as an extension of being wounded and in pain from being pierced with a weapon (La 4:9+)

1992 דֶּקֶר (dě·qěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1857;—LN 93-pers. (male) Deker: part of a compound name, Ben-Deker, see 1206

1993 דַּר (dǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1858; TWOT 454a—LN 6.188–6.196 mother-of-pearl, i.e., the hard, pearly iridescent substance forming the inner layer of the mollusk pearl oyster shell (Est 1:6+), note: though pearl as the product of the oyster is also possible

דֹּר (dōr) BDB: see 1887

דֹּר (dōr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1858; TWOT 454a—LN 93-place (loc.) Dor: part of a compound name, EnDor, see 6529.6, note: parsed as a common noun “generation,” see 1887

1994 דֵּרָאוֹן (dē·rā·ʾôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1860; TWOT 450a—1. LN 25.186–25.188 loathing, contempt, i.e., an object of abhorrence (Isa 66:24); 2. LN 25.186–25.188 abhorrence, contempt, i.e., the concept of loathing (Da 12:2+)

1995 דָּרְבָן (dār·ḇān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1861; TWOT 451a—LN 6.4–6.9 goading stick with an iron point used to prod animals (1Sa 13:21+), see also 1996

דָּרְבֹן (dār·ḇōn) KB, Lisowsky: see 1996

1996 דָּרְבֹנָה (dār·ḇō·nā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 1861; TWOT 451a—LN 6.4–6.9 goading stick with an iron point used to prod animals, with a focus on the irritating nature of its use to provoke behavior (Ecc 12:11+) see also 1995

1997 דַּרְדַּע (dǎr·dǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1862;—LN 93-pers. (male) Darda: of Judah, a skilled musician (1Ki 5:11[EB 4:31]+, note: for MT text in 1Ch 2:6, see 2009

1998 דַּרְדַּר (dǎr·dǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1863; TWOT 454e—LN 3.13–3.32 thistle, a prickly plant having no value for producing fruit (Ge 3:18; Hos 10:8+), note: the genus is variously identified, possibly Centaurea pallescens family

1999 דָּרוֹם (dā·rôm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1864; TWOT 454d—1. LN 82.1–82.6 south, i.e., a direction, to the right as a person faces east to the rising sun (Dt 33:23; Ecc 1:6; 11:3; Eze 21:2[EB 20:46]; 40:24–42:18 passim+), note: MT text in Eze 40:44; 42:10, see 7708; 2. LN 14.8 a south wind (Job 37:17+)

2000 I. דְּרוֹר (derôr): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1866; TWOT 454c—LN 4.38–4.46 kind of bird, a relatively small darting, fluttering bird, i.e., possibly a swallow (Ps 84:4[EB 3]; Pr 26:2+), note: LXX suggests a dove; note: contexts do not make clear if this is a ceremonially clean bird but it is not a bird of prey

2001 II. דְּרוֹר (derôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1865; TWOT 454b—LN 6.205–6.212 unit: מֹר דְּרוֹר (mōr derôr)2 stacte, lumps of myrrh, i.e., granular-like drops of a viscid myrrh oil (Ex 30:23+)

2002 III. דְּרוֹר (derôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1865; TWOT 454b—LN 37.127–37.138 release, freedom, i.e., liberty due to no longer being a captive, indentured servant, or slave (Lev 25:10; Isa 61:1; Jer 34:8, 15, 17; Eze 46:17+), note: every reference here apparently refers to a time of release, once every 50 years, as a social contract for economic stability and fairness

2003 דָּרְיָוֶשׁ (dār·yā·wěš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1867; TWOT 452.1—LN 93-pers. (male) Darius: 1. Darius the Mede, son of Xerxes (Da 9:1) 2. Darius the Great, called Hystaspos (Ezr 4:5; Hag 1:1; Zec 1:1) 3. Darius, known as Nothus, son of Artaxerxes (Ne 12:22+)

2004 דַּרְיוֹשׁ (dǎr·yôš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1875; TWOT 455—LN 93-pers. (male) Darius: (Ezr 10:16+), note: for NIV text in Ezr 10:16, see 2011

דּרךְ (drk) or דרךְ (drk): see 2005

2005 דָּרַךְ (dā·rǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 1869; TWOT 453—1. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) go out, set out, walk, march on, i.e., make linear movement (Dt 11:25); (hif) walk over (Isa 11:15; Hab 3:19); 2. LN 15.245 (qal) shoot, formally, bend, i.e., make an action to shoot a bow and arrow, including the taking of aim (1Ch 5:18; 8:40; 2Ch 14:7); (qal pass.) be bent, i.e., pertaining to a shape of a bow ready to shoot (Isa 5:28; 21:15+); (hif) shoot the bow and arrow (Jer 9:3[EB 3]); 3. LN 36.1–36.9 (hif) lead, guide, direct, i.e., cause another to follow a person or course (Ps 25:5; 119:35); 4. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) trample, press, i.e., press upon an object with the foot (Dt 33:29); (hif) trample (Jer 51:33); 5. LN 68.1–68.10 (qal) originate, formally, come from, i.e., begin or start an event or series, as a figurative extension of starting a linear movement (Nu 24:17)

2006 דֶּרֶךְ (dě·rěḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1870; TWOT 453a—1. LN 1.99–1.105 way, path, route, road, highway, i.e., a thoroughfare to physically get from one place to another (Ge 16:7), note: context will provide the size of the pathway, ranging from a narrow path to a major thoroughfare; 2. LN 15.18–15.26 journey, i.e., the act. of moving from one place to another, with a destination, and usually planned route (Ge 24:27); 3. LN 41.1–41.24 conduct, way of life, what is done, i.e., behave in a particular way, in the manner one conducts one’s life, including habits, as a figurative extension of a thoroughfare (Pr 6:6; 25:4); 4. LN 76 strength, vigor, might, i.e., power or force relatively greater than other entities (Pr 31:3; Hos 10:13), see also LN 74; 5. LN 77 unit: פָּנָה דֶּרֶךְ (pā·nā(h) dě·rěḵ) make ready, formally, turn the way, i.e., cause circumstances to be prepared for some event (Isa 40:3), note: for Isa 45:2 cj, see 2065; note: for NIV text in Ps 119:37, see 1821

דַּרְכְּמוֹן (dǎr·kemôn) Lisowsky: see 2007

2007 דַּרְכְּמוֹנִים (dǎr·kemô·nîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1871; TWOT 453c—LN 6.68–6.82 (pl.) drachmas, i.e., a unit of weight as a monetary value, its exact value is debated (Ezr 2:69; Ne 7:69[NIV 70],70[NIV 71],71[NIV 72]+), note: some give this a translation equivalent of “daric” referring to its Persian origin

2008 דַּרְמֶשֶׂק (dǎr·mě·śěq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1834;—LN 93-place (loc.) Damascus: city of the plateau, NE of Mt Hermon (1Ch 18:5, 6; 2Ch 16:2; 24:23; 28:5, 23+), see also 1877, 1966, 1967

2009 דָּרַע (dā·rǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1873;—LN 93-pers. (male) Dara: of Judah, a skilled musician (1Ch 2:6+), note: for NIV text, see 1997

2010 דַּרְקוֹן (dǎr·qôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1874;—LN 93-pers. (male) Darkon: father of servant from captivity (Ezr 2:56; Ne 7:58+)

דּרשׁ (drš): see 2011

2011 דָּרַשׁ (dā·rǎš): v.; ≡ Str 1875; TWOT 455—1. LN 27.1–27.26 (qal) seek, inquire, consult, find out, i.e., learn information not previously known (Ex 18:15); (qal pass.) be sought after (Isa 62:12+); (nif) let search, allow inquiry (1Ch 26:31; Isa 65:1; Eze 14:3; 20:3, 31; 36:37+); 2. LN 56.12–56.19 (qal) account for, require, i.e., give a responsible presentation of an action or wrong done, reporting to a superior (Ge 9:5); 3. LN 27.34–27.47 (qal) look for, seek, i.e., try to find out information about a person or event (Dt 4:29); 4. LN 35.36–35.46 (qal) care for, care about, formally, seek after, i.e., take actions which nourish and keep safe, with an implication that one cherishes or desires the object (Dt 11:12); 5. LN 34.42–34.49 (qal) have a relationship, formally, seek, i.e., join in a relationship as an extension of seeking the presence of a person so as to relate to them in some way (2Ch 22:9); 6. LN 33.180–33.188 (qal) petition, ask, formally, seek, i.e., make a request (2Ch 31:9); 7. LN 30.1–30.38 (qal pass.) ponder, formally, be sought, i.e., to think and process information, with a focus to think seriously and long about its meaning or ramifications (Ps 111:2+), note: for NIV text in Ps 109:10, see 1763; for MT text in Ezr 10:16, see 2004

דּשׁא (dšʾ): see 2012

2012 דָּשָׁא (dā·šā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 1876; TWOT 456—LN 23.188–23.196 (qal) become verdant, i.e., sprout forth new green shoots in open pastures (Joel 2:22+); (hif) produce, to cause to shoot forth plant growth (Ge 1:11+)

2013 דֶּשֶׁא (dě·šě(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1877; TWOT 456a—LN 3.13–3.32 green growth, new verdant vegetation, i.e., new tender green grass and vegetation (Ge 1:11, 12; Dt 32:2; 2Sa 23:4; 2Ki 19:26; Job 6:5; 38:27; Ps 23:2; 37:2; Pr 27:25; Isa 15:6; 37:27; 66:14; Jer 14:5+)

דשׁן (dšn): see 2014

2014 I. דָּשֵׁן (dā·šēn): v.; ≡ Str 1878; TWOT 457—1. LN 47.14–47.18 (piel) anoint, smear, rub on, i.e., smear an object with a liquid or semi-liquid, as a ceremony of preparation for a feast (Ps 23:5+), note: other explanations are given as to what this event refers to, see also domain LN 53.44–53.52; 2. LN 23.129–23.141 (qal) thrive, formally, grow fat, i.e., be in a healthy state as an extension of eating well and putting on a weight to give a sleek appearance (Dt 31:20+); (piel) give health (Pr 15:30+); 3. LN 79.114–79.117 (hotpaal) be covered, be thick, i.e., be in a state where an object is so plenteous, it covers another object (Isa 34:6+); 4. LN 15.187–15.211 (piel) remove fat-soaked ashes, i.e., pick up, bear, and carry an object from one area to another (Ex 27:3; Nu 4:13+); 5. LN 79.78–79.83 (pual) be soaked with fat, i.e., have a condition in which a dry object is filled with a liquid or semi-liquid substance to the point where it can absorb little more (Isa 34:7+); 6. LN 59.48–59.61 (pual) prosper, have an abundance, formally, be soaked with fat, i.e., have more than enough, as an extension of having a great amount of fat assumedly from the slaughter of many animals (Pr 11:25; 28:25+); 7. LN 57.125–57.141 (piel) accept, formally, consider fat, i.e., receive a gift as appropriate, implying a strengthening of a relationship (Ps 20:4[EB 3]+); 8. LN 25.80–25.84 (pual) fully satisfied, formally, be soaked with fat, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of contentment, in having enough of some kinds of material things, as a figurative extension, possibly of having an abundance of fat to consume and so be satiated (Pr 13:4+)

2015 II. דָּשֵׁן (dā·šēn): adj.; ≡ Str 1879; TWOT 457b—1. LN 79.100–79.101 fresh, i.e., pertaining to a plant or tree as being young, and healthy tender, capable of production (Ps 92:15[EB 14]+), note: the ety. may suggest “full of sap,” but that is not the focus in this context; 2. LN 5.1–5.22 rich food, choice food, i.e., food delightful for consumption, with a possible implication that the fruit is juicy (Isa 30:23+), note: BDB, Ps 22:30[EB 29], see 2016

2016 דֶּשֶׁן (dě·šěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1880; TWOT 457a—1. LN 5.1–5.22 choice produce, i.e., what is produced and choice for consumption (Jdg 9:9; Job 36:16; Ps 22:30[EB 29]; 36:9[EB 8]; 63:6[EB 5]; 65:12[EB 11]; Isa 55:2; Jer 31:14); 2. LN 14.73 fatty ashes, i.e., the burned wood of the altar fire soaked or mixed with fat of the animal sacrifice (Lev 1:16; 4:12; 6:3[EB 10],4[EB 11]; 1Ki 13:3, 5; Jer 31:40+); 3. LN 57.25–57.35 the rich, i.e., as a class of people (Ps 22:30[EB 29]+), note: oth parse as 2015

2017 דָּת (dāṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1881; TWOT 458—1. LN 33.35–33.68 command, written edict, i.e., something spoken as a king’s law (Ezr 8:36; Est 1:8–9:14 passim), note: these edicts were collated and codified as more of a concept of “law.”; 2. LN 33.323–33.332 command, i.e., a spoken order by a superior (Est 1:8); 3. LN 41.25–41.28 custom, i.e., what is practiced in a culture (Est 3:8)

2018 דָּתָן (dā·ṯān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1885;—LN 93-pers. (male) Dathan: of Reuben, son of Eliab (Nu 16:1, 12, 24, 25, 27; 26:9; Dt 11:6; Ps 106:17+)

2019 דֹּתָן (dō·ṯān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1886;—LN 93-place (loc.) Dothan: city of central Palestine, (Ge 37:17; 2Ki 6:13+)
Swanson, J. (1997). Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains : Hebrew (Old Testament) (electronic ed.). Oak Harbor: Logos Research Systems, Inc.
ה

2020 ה (h): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

2021 הַ־ (hǎ-): definite article—1. LN 92.11–92.25 the, i.e., a reference to an entity, event, or state, clearly identified by the linguistic or non-linguistic context of the utterance (Ge 1:1); 2. LN 92.27–92.28 who, i.e., a marker of a relative reference (Jos 10:24); 3. LN 91.14 O, i.e., a marker of direct address (1Sa 23:20)

הָ־ (hā-), הֶ־ (hě-): see 2021

2022 הֲ־ (hǎ-): pt. interrogative—LN 91 not translated, i.e., a marker to show a question is asked, which either a yes or no is possible, as a kind of marker of a transition within a discourse section (Ge 3:11)

הֶ־ (hě-): see 2022

2023 ־ָהּ (ā-h): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3fs.)—LN 92.11–92.25 she, her, i.e., reference to a definite person or persons in a given context (Ge 3:6)

־הָ (hā): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3fs.)—see 2023

־ָה (ā-(h)): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3fs.)—see 2023

־הָא (hā(ʾ)): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3fs.)—see 2023

2024 ־ֹה (ō-(h)): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3ms.)—LN 92.11–92.25 he, his, i.e., reference to a definite person or persons in a given context (Dt 34:7)

2025 II. ־ָה (ā-(h)): adverbial suffixal marker—LN 84.16–84.28 to, toward, from, i.e., a marker of an extension to a spatial goal (Ge 10:19), note: sometimes called the “directional ה (h)” or “locative ה (h)”

2026 הֵא (hē(ʾ)): inj.; ≡ Str 1887; TWOT 461—LN 91.6–91.12 surely!, see!, Lo!, Behold!, i.e., a discourse marker of emphasis (Ge 47:23; Eze 16:43+)

2027 הֶאָח (hě·ʾāḥ): inj.; ≡ Str 1889; TWOT 462—LN 91.6–91.12 Ah!, Aha!, i.e., a marker of emphasis either for malice or benefit (Job 39:25; Ps 35:21,25; 40:16[EB 15]; 70:4[EB 3]; Isa 44:16; Eze 25:3; 26:2; 36:2+)

2028 הָאֲחַשְׁתָּרִי (hā·ʾǎḥǎš·tā·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 326;—1. LN 93-pers. (gent.) the Ahashtarites: people of Judah (1Ch 4:6+), note: the form is gentilic, but some sources see it as a person, as would Temeni also be gentilic, for another interp, see next; 2. LN 93-pers. (male) Haahashtari: of Judah (1Ch 4:6+)

2029 הָאֱלִי (hǒ·ʾělî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1017;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Bethelite: part of a compound name, of Bethelite, see 1088

2030 הָאֶלֶף (hā·ʾě·lěp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 507;—LN 93-place (loc.) Haeleph: town of Benjamin (Jos 18:28+), note: some join to prior word, making a compound proper name

2031 הָאַמָּה (hā·ʾǎm·mā(h)): n.pr. [BDB: n.fem.]; ≡ Str 4965;—LN 93-place (loc.) Haammah: (Ammah NIV) part of a compound name, Metheg Ammah, see 5497

2032 הָאֵצֶל (hā·ʾē·ṣěl): n.pr. [BDB: N.PR.M.?]; ≡ Str 1018;—LN 93-place (loc.) Haezel: (Ezel NIV) part of a compound name, Beth Ezel, see 1089

2033 הָאַרְבַּע (hā·ʾǎr·bǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 704, 7151;—LN 93-place (loc.) Haarba: (Arba NIV): part of a compound name, Kiriath Haarba, see 7959

הָאָרוֹן (hā·ʾā·rôn), הָאָרֹן (hā·ʾā·rōn) BDB: see 778

2034 הָארָרִי (hā(ʾ)·rā·rî): n.pr. [Holladay: of unknown loc. or terr]; ≡ Str 2043;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Hararite (2Sa 23:33b K), see 2240, note: BHS ftn cj 766

2035 I. הַב (hǎḇ): inj. [oth imv. of 3364]; ≡ Str 3051; TWOT 849—1. LN 91.13 come!, i.e., a discourse marker of attention, implying an encouragement to take action (Ex 1:10), note: some parse as 3364 imv.; 2. LN 57.71–57.124 give, bring, i.e., hand over or deliver possession or control of an object (Ge 29:21); 3. LN 30.86–30.107 choose, select, i.e., make a decision between various options (Dt 1:13); 4. LN 33.354–33.364 praise, ascribe, i.e., speak words of the excellence or greatness of a person (1Ch 16:28); 5. LN 33.69–33.108 speak, formally, give, i.e., speak words which will communicate a response (1Sa 14:41); 6. LN 85.32–85.54 put, place, i.e., set an object in a place (2Sa 11:15)

2036 II. הַב (hǎḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8143; TWOT 2422c—see 9105

2037 הַבְהַב (hǎḇ·hǎḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1890; TWOT 849b—LN 53.16–53.27 offering, gift, i.e., what is given to the LORD as a sacrifice (Hos 8:13+), note: for diff. text, see BHS ftn; for cj in Holladay, see 175

הַבְהָב (hǎḇ·hāḇ): see 2037

הַבְהָבִים (hǎḇ·hā·ḇîm) BDB, Lisowsky: see 2037

הֵבוּ (hē·ḇû): see 170 (Hos 4:18+), note: BHS delete as a gloss; Davidson parses as imv. masc.pl. of 3364 or 2035

הבל (hbl): see 2038

2038 הָבַל (hā·ḇǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1891; TWOT 463—1. LN 65.1–65.16 (qal) be worthless, useless, i.e., to lack value (2Ki 17:15; Jer 2:5+); 2. LN 33.374–33.381 (qal) talk worthlessly, i.e., speak content which has little or no value (Job 27:12+); 3. LN 88.206–88.222 (qal) be proud, i.e., have an improper haughtiness as a moral failure, with a focus that the object of one’s pride is worthless and of no value, implying a trust in said objects (Ps 62:11[EB 10]+); 4. LN 31.8–31.13 (hif) fill with false hopes, i.e., mislead a person to a false view or opinion and so have an empty, worthless hope (Jer 23:16+)

2039 I. הֶבֶל (hě·ḇěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1892; TWOT 463a—1. LN 6.96–6.101 idol, i.e., a fashioned object with a focus on its lack of value (Dt 32:21); 2. LN 65.30–65.39 meaninglessness emptiness, futility, uselessness, i.e., what is of no use on the basis of being futile and lacking in content (Ecc 1:2); 3. LN 23.185–23.187 breath, vapor, i.e., unit of air that passes in and out of the lungs through mouth and nostrils, with a focus on its briefness and lack of content (Isa 57:13; Pr 21:6)

2040 II. הֶבֶל (hě·ḇěl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1893;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hebel (Abel NIV): second son of Adam and Eve (Ge 4:2–25 passim+)

2041 הָבְנִים (hāḇ·nîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1894; TWOT 464—LN 3.2–3.12 ebony, i.e., a heavy hard wood, Diospyros mespiliformis (Eze 27:15 Q+)

2042 הָבַר (hā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1895; TWOT 465—LN 32.1–32.10 (qal pf. 3cp) divide, the action of charting of a physical area into meaningful parts in one’s system (Isa 47:13 K+), note: for Q see 2042.5

הֹבֵר (hō·ḇēr): n.masc. [oth qal ptcp.masc. of 2042]; ≡ Str 1895; TWOT 465—LN 33.281–33.285 astrologer, i.e., one who categorizes the night sky according to star formations, as a class of persons who tell the future (Isa 47:13+)

2043 הֵגֵא (hē·ḡē(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1896;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hegai: eunuch in charge of king’s harem (Est 2:3+), see also 2051

2044 הַגִּדְגָּד (hǎg·giḏ·gāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2735;—LN 93-place (loc.) Haggidgad: part of a compound name, Hor Haggidgad, see 2988

הַגֻּדְגֹּדָה (hǎg·gǔḏ·gō·ḏā(h)) BDB: see 1516

2045 הַגְּדוֹלִים (hǎg·geḏô·lîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1419; TWOT 315d—LN 93-pers. (male) Haggedolim: father of an overseer (Ne 11:14+)

2046 הַגּוֹיִם (hǎg·gô·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1471, 2800;—LN 93-place (loc.) Haggoyim: part of a compound name, Harosheth Haggoyim, see 3099

הגה (hgh)[1] KB, Holladay: see 2047

הגה (hgh)[2] KB, Holladay: see 2048

2047 I. הָגָה (hā·ḡā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1897; TWOT 467—1. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) growl, i.e., the sound of a lion (Isa 31:4), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489; 2. LN 30.1–30.38 (qal) meditate, ponder, give serious thought and consideration to selected information, with a possible implication of speaking in low tones reviewing the material (Jos 1:8); 3. LN 33.69–33.108 (qal) speak, utter, i.e., talk in normal tones so others can hear (Job 27:4; Ps 37:30; 71:24); 4. LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) moan, groan, lament, i.e., make soft sounds expressing grief and sorrow (Jer 48:31); 5. LN 30.56–30.74 (qal) plot, plan, i.e., to think and so decide a course of action, with a focus that verbal exchange takes place (Ps 2:1); 6. LN 30.75–30.85 (qal) decide, weigh, i.e., make a judgment about something after a thought process (Pr 15:28); 7. LN 33.69–33.108 (qal) mutter, i.e., to speak in low, hushed tones (Isa 59:3); (hif) mutter (Isa 8:19); note: some parse Isa 59:13 as polel

2048 II. הָגָה (hā·ḡā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1898; TWOT 468—1. LN 85.65–85.66 (qal) remove, i.e., take away from a place (Pr 25:4, 5+); 2. LN 13.45 expel, drive out (Isa 27:8+)

2049 הֶגֶה (hě·ḡě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1899; TWOT 467a—1. LN 25.135–25.145 moaning, sighing, i.e., the making of a guttural sound of pain or sorrow (Ps 90:9+); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 words of mourning, i.e., written words that communicate woe and lament (Eze 2:10+); 3. LN 14.15–14.16 thunder, i.e., rumbling sounds that accompany distant lightning (Job 37:2+)

2050 הָגוּת (hā·ḡûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1900; TWOT 467b—LN 33.69–33.108 utterance, meditation, i.e., what is thoughtfully spoken, apparently out loud (Ps 49:4[EB 3]+), note: possibly this is just mental, intra-personal thoughts

2051 הֵגַי (hē·ḡǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1896;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hegai: eunuch in charge of king’s harem (Est 2:8,15+), see also 2043

הֵגָי (hē·ḡāy): see 2051

2052 הָגִיג (hā·ḡîḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1901; TWOT 466a—1. LN 25.135–25.145 sighing, i.e., a groaning sound (Ps 5:2[EB 1]+); 2. LN 30.1–30.38 meditation, i.e., thought and its process, with some focus on a quiet, out loud muttering that may accompany the thought, but not speaking to any particular human (Ps 39:4[EB 3]+)

2053 הִגָּיוֹן (hig·gāy·wōn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1902; TWOT 467c—1. LN 33.382–33.386 muttering, i.e., a communication in low tones with a focus on complaint (La 3:62+); 2. LN 30.1–30.38 meditation, thoughts, i.e., a thought process that may include speaking the thoughts out loud in low tones, to no human in particular (Ps 19:15[EB 14]+); 3. LN 14.74–14.86 musical term, Higgaion, i.e., a musical direction of unknown meaning (Ps 9:17[EB 16]+), see also domain LN 33.109–33.116; 4. LN 14.74–14.86 melody, the tune of cadence of a song (Ps 92:4[EB 3]+), note: it is not clear if this is a term referring to the harp as a primary instrument for the tune, or as an accompaniment, see also domain LN 33.109–33.116

2054 הָגִין (hā·ḡîn): adj.; ≡ Str 1903; TWOT 469a—LN 64 corresponding, i.e., pertaining to a wall that is similar to another wall in a construction area (Eze 42:12+), note: for a modest cj based on repointing of text, see 1639.5

2055 הַגִּלְגָּל (hǎg·gil·gāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1537;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gilgal part of a compound name, of Beth Gilgal, see 1090

2056 הַגָּן (hǎg·gān): n.pr. [BDB: loc.?]; ≡ Str 1588; TWOT 367a—LN 93-place (loc.) Haggan: part of a compound name, Beth Haggan, see 1091

2057 הָגָר (hā·ḡār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1904; TWOT 470a—LN 93-pers. (female) Hagar: Egyptian surrogate for Sarah-Abraham (Ge 16:1–16 passim; Ge 21:9–17 passim; 25:12+), see also 2058(1.)

2058 הַגְרִי (hǎḡ·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1905;—LN 93-pers. 1. (gent.) Hagrites: of Hagar (1Ch 5:10, 19, 20; 27:31; Ps 83:7[EB 6]+), see also 2057 2. (male) Hagrite: pertaining to Hagri, father of Mibhar (1Ch 11:38+), note: for MT text in 2Sa 23:36, see 1532

הַגְרִיאִים (hǎḡ·rî·ʾîm), הַגְרִאִים (hǎḡ·ri·ʾîm) BDB: see 2058

2059 הֵד (hēḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1906; TWOT 471b—LN 33.69–33.108 a joyous shout (Eze 7:7+), cf. also 2116

2060 הֲדַד (hǎḏǎḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1908; TWOT 471c—LN 93-pers. (male) Hadad: 1. see 2062 2. see 2524 3. king of Edom (Ge 36:35, 36; 1Ch 1:46, 47+) 4. another king of Edom (Ge 36:39; 1Ch 1:50, 51+), note: for MT text in Ge 36:39, see 2076 5. prince of Edom (1Ki 11:14, 17, 19, 21,25+), see also 119; also part of a compound name, Ben-Hadad, see 1207; Hadad Rimmon, see 2062

2061 הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (hǎḏǎḏ·ʿě·zěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1909;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hadadezer: king of Zobah, NE of Damascus (2Sa 8:3–10:19 passim; 1Ki 11:23; 1Ch 18:3–19:19 passim +), note: for a variant spelling, see 2080

2062 הֲדַדְ־רִמּוֹן (hǎḏǎḏ-·rim·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1910;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Hadad Rimmon (Zec 12:11+), for another interp, see 2062.5

הֲדַדְ־רִמּוֹן (hǎḏǎḏ-·rim·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1910;—LN 93-place ([Holladay: n.loc.]) a currently unknown place, possibly near Jezreel (Zec 12:11+), see also 2062

הדה (hdh): see 2063

2063 הָדָה (hā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1911; TWOT 472—LN 85.32–85.54 (qal) put, place into a space (Isa 11:8+)

הֹדֹה (hō·ḏō(h)) BDB: see 2088

2064 הֹדּוּ (hōd·dû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1912;—LN 93-place (loc.) India: country on the E boundary of Persia (Est 1:1; 8:9+)

הָדוּר (hā·ḏûr) Lisowsky: see 2065

2065 הֲדוּרִים (hǎḏû·rîm): n.masc. [BDB: qal pass.ptcp.masc.pl. of 2075]; ≡ Str 1921; TWOT 477—LN 1.46–1.50 swells of land, elevated places, i.e., rolling hills, as a figurative extension of a swollen place (Isa 45:2 Q+), note: KB cj pl. of 2006 (roads); Holladay, BHS ftn read as pl. of 2215 (mountainous land); for other text options, see WBC25:152

2066 I. הֲדוֹרָם (hǎḏô·rām): n.pr.masc. [oth gentilic]; ≡ Str 1913;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hadoram: of Shem (Ge 10:27; 1Ch 1:21+), see also 2067

2067 II. הֲדוֹרָם (hǎḏô·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1913;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hadoram: 1. see 2066 2. son of Tou (1Ch 18:10+), see also 3456(3.) 3. (Adoniram NIV) royal taskmaster (2Ch 10:18), see also 157, 164

2068 הִדַּי (hid·dǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1914;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hiddai: one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:30+), see also 2584

2069 הֹדַיוָהוּ (hō·ḏǎy·wā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1939;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hodaivahu: son of Elioenai (1Ch 3:24 K+), note: for Q, see 2090(3.)

הדךְ (hdk): see 2070

2070 הָדַךְ (hā·ḏǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 1915; TWOT 473—1. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) crush by treading upon, i.e., a trampling motion (Job 40:12+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 20.61–20.88 (qal) crush by treading upon, i.e., as a figurative extension for killing (Job 40:12+)

2071 הֲדֹם (hǎḏōm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1916; TWOT 474—LN 6.106–6.117 unit: הֲדֹם רֶגֶל (hǎḏōm rě·ḡěl) footstool, stool for the feet, i.e., a piece of furniture to rest the feet upon, in a low position relative to the rest of the body sitting in a chair (1Ch 28:2; Ps 99:5; 110:1; 132:7; Isa 66:1; La 2:1+)

2072 הֲדַס (hǎḏǎs): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1918; TWOT 475—LN 3.2–3.12 myrtle shrub, i.e., a common large, evergreen bushy shrub, Myrtus communis (Ne 8:15; Isa 41:19; 55:13; Zec 1:8, 10, 11+)

2073 הֲדַסָּה (hǎḏǎs·sā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1919;—LN 93-pers. (female) Hadassah: Jewess orphan who became Queen of Persia (Est 2:7+), see also 676

הדף (hdp): see 2074

2074 הָדַף (hā·ḏǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 1920; TWOT 476—1. LN 19.43–19.54 shove, push, bump, butt, i.e., press against another object, making it move (Nu 35:20, 22; 2Ki 4:27; Jer 46:15; Eze 34:21+); 2. LN 15.160–15.164 drive out, i.e., cause one to make a linear motion of departure (Dt 6:19; 9:4; Jos 23:5; Job 18:18+); 3. LN 87.58–87.75 depose, formally, drive out, i.e., make one lower in status by removing from a higher position (Isa 22:19+); 4. LN 13.104–13.163 thwart, not allow, stop, i.e., cause something to be excluded or not allowed to happen (Pr 10:3+)

הדר (hdr): see 2075

2075 הָדַר (hā·ḏǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1921; TWOT 477—1. LN 88.238–88.242 (qal) show favoritism, be bigoted, be prejudiced, i.e., make unjust distinctions based on any of various external factors instead of what is just (Ex 23:3; Lev 19:15+); 2. LN 87.4–87.18 (qal) show respect, i.e., show honor and high status to a class of people; (nif) respect, honored (La 5:12+); 3. LN 87.19–87.57 (qal pass.) splendorous, be majestic, grand, i.e., pertaining to a high status (Isa 63:1+), note: for another interp in Isa 45:2, see 2065; 4. LN 88.206–88.222 (hitp) exalt oneself, i.e., behave in an arrogant, boastful manner due to an improper haughtiness (Pr 25:6+)

2076 הֲדַר (hǎḏǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1924;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hadar: one of several kings of Edom (Ge 36:39+), note: for NIV, see 2060(4.)

2077 הָדָר (hā·ḏār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1926; TWOT 477b—1. LN 79.9–79.17 best quality, i.e., produce of a beautiful appearance (Lev 23:40); 2. LN 79.18–79.23 majesty, glory, splendor, i.e., what is beautiful and instills awe and ascribing high value or status to what is majestic (1Ch 16:27; Job 40:10; Dt 33:17; Ps 8:6[EB 5]; 21:6[EB 5]; 29:4; 45:4[EB 3],5[EB 4]; 90:16; 96:6; 104:1; 110:3; 111:3; 145:5, 12; 149:9; Isa 2:10, 19, 21; 35:2; 53:2; La 1:6; Eze 16:14; 27:10); 3. LN 79.18–79.23 adornment, i.e., a feature of a person that enhances status (Pr 20:29); 4. LN 87.19–87.57 noble, i.e., a class of high status persons (Isa 5:14)

2078 הֶדֶר (hě·ḏěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1925; TWOT 477a—1. LN 79.18–79.23 splendor, i.e., the aura of glory, by the use of ornament and adornments (Da 11:20+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 93-place unit: הֶדֶר מַלְכוּת (hě·ḏěr mǎl·ḵûṯ) Palestine, formally, the royal adornment, i.e., a figurative extension of the land of Palestine, with a focus on it being an ornament of the kingdom (Da 11:20+), see also 2077

2079 הֲדָרָה (hǎḏā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1927; TWOT 477c—1. LN 79.18–79.23 splendor, majesty, i.e., what is glorious (1Ch 16:29; 2Ch 20:21; Ps 29:2; 96:9; Pr 14:28+); 2. LN 6.152–6.187 unit: הֲדָרָה קֹדֶשׁ (hǎḏā·rā(h) qō·ḏěš) worship garb, i.e., ornamental clothing worn in worship of the LORD (1Ch 16:29; 2Ch 20:21; Ps 29:2; 96:9+), note: though this is a possible meaning, the contexts seem focused on the concept of worship rather than the instrumental use of objects, see prior entry

הֲדֹרָם (hǎḏō·rām) BDB: see 2067(LN 3.) (2Ch 10:18)

2080 הֲדַרְעֶזֶר (hǎḏǎr·ʿě·zěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1928;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hadarezer: text variant in many MSS for 2061, q.v.

2081 הָהּ (hāh): inj.; ≡ Str 1929; TWOT 478—LN 22.9 Alas!, Hah!, i.e., a signal expressing woe (Eze 30:2+)

2082 הוֹ (hô): inj.; ≡ Str 1930; TWOT 479—LN 22.9 הוֹ־הוֹ (hô-·hô) Ah!, a signal of very great anguish (Am 5:16+)

2083 הוּ (hû): p. (obj. and poss.3ms.)—LN 92.29–92.36 he, him, a referential of whom or what is spoken about (Jer 29:23 K+), note: see also 2085

2084 ־הוּ (hû): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3ms.)—LN 92.11–92.25 he, i.e., reference to a definite person or persons in a given context (Ge 3:6), note: English style may require, “it” or even “she” as the translation equivalent

הוא (hwʾ), הֱוֵא (hěwē(ʾ)): see 2092 Job 37:6+

2085 הוּא (hû(ʾ)): p. (personal and demonstrative 3ms.); ≡ Str 1931; TWOT 480—1. LN 92.11–92.25 he, a referential of whom or what is spoken about (Ge 4:20); 2. LN 92.29–92.36 this, that, a referential of demonstrative or deictic use (Ex 6:26) see also 2115

הִוא (hiw(ʾ)): p. (personal and demonstrative 3fs.); ≡ Str 1931; TWOT 480—1. LN 92.11–92.25 she, a referential of whom or what is spoken about (Ge 3:12); 2. LN 92.29–92.36 that, i.e., a referential of demonstrative or deictic use (Ge 35:6), see 2115

הובנים (hwbnym) BDB: see 2041

הוֹבְנִים (hô·ḇenîm): see 2041 (Eze 27:15 K+)

2086 I. הוֹד (hôḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1935; TWOT 482a—1. LN 79.18–79.23 splendor, majesty, i.e., what is glorious (1Ch 16:27; 29:11, 25; Job 37:22; 40:10; Ps 8:2[EB 1]; 21:6[EB 5]; 45:4[EB 3]; 96:6; 104:1; 111:3; 145:5; 148:13; Isa 30:30; Jer 22:18; Da 11:21; Hos 14:7[EB 6]; Hab 3:3; Zec 6:13+); 2. LN 37.35–37.47 authority, i.e., splendor that must be obeyed (Nu 27:20+); 3. LN 76 strength, i.e., one’s manhood or manly vigor (Job 39:20; Pr 5:9; Da 10:8; Zec 10:3+), note: oth interp as honor, see prior entry; 4. LN 8.18 face, countenance, i.e., the part of the face that has a normal appearance of health and vitality (Da 10:8+), note: for another interp, see prior entries

2087 II. הוֹד (hôḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1936;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hod: of Asher (1Ch 7:37+)

הודוה (hwdwh) BDB: see 2088

2088 הוֹדְוָה (hô·ḏewā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1937;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hodaviah: 1. see 2089(1.) 2. see 2089(2.) 3. see 2090(3.) 4. ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 7:43 K+), see also 2089(4.); note: for MT text in Ezr 3:9, see 3373(2.)

2089 הוֹדַוְיָה (hô·ḏǎw·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1938;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hodaviah: 1. of Manasseh (1Ch 5:24+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 9:7+) 3. see 2090(3.) 4. ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:40+), see also 2088(4.)

2090 הוֹדַוְיָהוּ (hô·ḏǎw·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1939;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hodaviahu (Hodaviah NIV): 1. see 2089(1.) 2. see 2089(2.) 3. of David (1Ch 3:24+) 4. 2088(4.), 2089(4.)

הוֹדְיָה (hô·ḏeyā(h)) BDB: see 2088 (Ne 7:43 Q)

2091 הוֹדִיָּה (hô·ḏiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1940, 1941;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hodiah: 1. of Judah (1Ch 4:19+) 2. an instructor in Torah and (Ne 8:7; 9:5+) 3. signer of covenant (Ne 10:11[EB 10]+) 4. another signer of covenant (Ne 10:14[EB 13]+) 5. yet another signer of covenant (Ne 10:19[EB 18]+)

הודיוהו (hwdywhw) BDB: see 2088, 2089, 2090

I. הוה (hwh): see 2092

II. הוה (hwh): see 2093

2092 I. הָוָה (hā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1933; TWOT 484—LN 15.118–15.122 (qal) fall on, i.e., a gravitational descent to the earth of an object (Job 37:6+), note: see KB3 for other verses that are cj from MT text

2093 II. הָוָה (hā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1933; TWOT 484—1. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) be, i.e., possess certain characteristics, whether permanent or temporary (Ge 27:29; Isa 16:4+); 2. LN 13.48–13.68 (qal) become, i.e., to change from one state to another (Ne 6:6+); 3. LN 57.55–57.70 (qal) get, possess, formally, happen, to obtain by receiving a possession, as an extension of an event that happens (Ecc 2:22+); 4. LN 85.1–85.31 (qal) lie, stay, formally, be, i.e., to exist in a certain place, as a figurative extension of existence (Ecc 11:3+)

2094 I. הַוָּה (hǎw·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1942; TWOT 483a—LN 25.12–25.32 evil desire, wicked craving, i.e., strong, bad, yearnings (Pr 10:3; 11:6; Mic 7:3+)

2095 II. הַוָּה (hǎw·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1942; TWOT 483a—1. LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, ruin, i.e., what brings devastation and its consequences (Job 30:13; Ps 5:10[EB 9]; 38:13[EB 12]; 52:4[EB 2],9[EB 7]; 55:12[EB 11]; 57:2[EB 1]; 91:3; Pr 19:13+), note: for K (in some texts) in Job 6:2, see 2119, and BHS ftn; 2. LN 33.387–33.403 malicious speech (Job 6:30; Pr 17:4+), see also domain LN 88.109; 3. LN 22.15–22.20 misery, i.e., the experience of trouble or hardship (Job 6:2+); 4. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: כִּסֵּא הַוָּה (kis·sē(ʾ) hǎw·wā(h))2 evil ruler, formally, throne of corruption (Ps 94:20)

2096 הֹוָה (hō·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1943; TWOT 483c—LN 20.31–20.60 calamity, disaster, destruction, i.e., what is a ruin to a person (Isa 47:11; Eze 7:26+)

2097 הוֹהָם (hô·hām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1944;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hoham: king of Hebron (Jos 10:3+)

2098 הוֹי (hôy): inj.; ≡ Str 1945; TWOT 485—1. LN 22.9 Woe!, Oye!, Ah!, Oh!, Alas!, i.e., a signal expressing woe (1Ki 13:30); 2. LN 84.16–84.28 Come!, i.e., a marker of an extension toward a goal, implying movement toward the subject making the invitation or encouragement

הוֹלֵלָה (hô·lē·lā(h)): see 2099

2099 הוֹלֵלוֹת (hô·lē·lôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 1947; TWOT 501a—LN 32.42–32.61 delusion, i.e., an extreme lack of understanding and wisdom, so, folly or foolish behavior (Ecc 1:17; 2:12; 7:25; 9:3+), note: to a wise man this is the erratic behavior that mimics madness, see also 2100

2100 הוֹלֵלוּת (hô·lē·lûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1948; TWOT 501b—LN 32.42–32.61 delusion, i.e., an extreme lack of understanding and wisdom, so, folly or foolish behavior (Ecc 10:13+), see also 2099

הוֹלֶם (hô·lěm): n.masc. [oth act.ptcp.masc. of 2150]—see 2150 (Isa 41:7+)

הום (hwm): see 2101

2101 הוּם (hûm): v.; ≡ Str 1949; TWOT 486—1. LN 25.206–25.222 (nif) stirred, shook up, i.e., pertaining to being in a surprised state, possibly implying dismay over a situation, with a relatively large group of people not fully understanding a situation and so make inquiries about it (Ru 1:19+); 2. LN 16 (nif) shake, i.e., the non-linear motion of an object (1Sa 4:5+); 3. LN 25.223–25.250 (hif) be distraught, formally, shook, i.e., have feelings of anxiety and distress (Ps 55:3[EB 2]+); 4. LN 15.123–15.134 (hif) throng, crowd, i.e., to cause a large number to come together (Mic 2:12+), note: NIV, Holladay puts Dt 7:23 (qal); 1Ki 1:45 (nif) under 2169

2102 הוֹמָם (hô·mām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1950;—LN 93-pers. (male) Homam: Horite grandson of Seir (1Ch 1:39+), see also 2123

הון (hwn): see 2103

2103 הוּן (hûn): v.; ≡ Str 1951; TWOT 487—LN 30.108–30.122 (hif) regard as easy, have a thought something can be done (Dt 1:41+)

2104 הוֹן (hôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1952; TWOT 487a—1. LN 57.25–57.35 wealth, riches, i.e., to own possessions desireable in a society (Ps 44:13[EB 12]; 112:3; 119:14; Pr 1:13; 3:9; 6:31; 8:18; 10:15; 11:4; 12:27; 13:7, 11; 18:11; 19:4, 14; 24:4; 28:8, 22; 29:3; SS 8:7; Eze 27:12, 18, 27, 33+); 2. LN 57.22–57.24 enough, i.e., what is sufficient (Pr 30:15, 16+)

2105 הוֹר (hôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2029; TWOT 515—LN 1.46–1.50 mountain, i.e., an elevated land formation (Ge 49:26+), for another interp, see 2226.6, note: some suggest modifying text for solutions, see also 2215

2106 הוֹשָׁמָע (hô·šā·māʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1953;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hoshama: of David through Solomon (1Ch 3:18+), note: for BDB cj, see 3396

2107 הוֹשֵׁעַ (hô·šēaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1954;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hoshea: 1. last of kings in northern kingdom of Israel (2Ki 15:30; 17:1, 3, 4, 6; 18:1, 9, 10+) 2. son of Nun (Nu 13:8, 16; Dt 32:44), see also 3397 3. of Ephraim (1Ch 27:20) 4. signer of covenant (Ne 10:24[EB 23]) 5. a writing prophet (Hos 1:1, 2+)

הוֹשַׁעֲיָה (hô·šǎ·ʿǎyā(h)) BDB: see 2108

2108 הוֹשַׁעְיָה (hô·šǎʿ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1955;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hoshaiah: 1. leader of the dedication (Ne 12:32+) 2. father of a commander (Jer 42:1; 43:2+)

הוֹשַׁעְנָה (hô·šǎʿ·nā(h)) BDB: see 3828

הות (hwt): see 2109

2109 הוּת (hûṯ): v. [KB, Holladay: 2254]; ≡ Str 2050; TWOT 488—LN 33.412–33.416 (polel) verbal assault, i.e., shouts and threats toward a person as a criticism (Ps 62:4[EB 3]+), note: for another interp, see 2254

2110 הוֹתִיר (hô·ṯîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1956;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hothir: son of a seer of David (1Ch 25:4, 28+)

הזה (hzh): see 2111

2111 הָזָה (hā·zā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1957; TWOT 489—1. LN 33.476–33.489 (qal) dream (Isa 56:10+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.476–33.489 (qal) a dog’s pant during sleep (Isa 56:10+)

2112 הַחִירוֹת (hǎ·ḥî·rôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6367;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hahiroth: part of a compound name, Pi Hahiroth, see 7084

2113 הִי (hî): n.[masc.] [KB, Holladay: inj.]; ≡ Str 1958; TWOT 490—1. LN 22.9 a woe, i.e., a state of trouble (Eze 2:10+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 25.135–25.145 wailing, mourning, lament, i.e., a communication of sorrow (Eze 2:10+), note: context places the meaning here as a synonym of “lament and mourning.”

2114 ־הִי (hî): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3ms.)—LN 92.11–92.25 his, him, i.e., reference to a definite person or persons in a given context (Ps 116:12)

2115 הִיא (hî(ʾ)): p. (personal and demonstrative 3ms.); ≡ Str 1931; TWOT 480—1. LN 92.11–92.25 she, a referential of whom or what is about (Jdg 11:38); 2. LN 92.29–92.36 that, i.e., a referential of demonstrative or deictic use (Jos 11:10), see 2085.5

2116 הֵידָד (hê·ḏāḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1959; TWOT 471a—LN 33.69–33.108 exuberant shout, i.e., an euphoric cry of joy, often among harvest workers (Isa 16:9, 10; Jer 25:30; 48:33; 51:14+), cf. also 2059

2117 הֻיְּדוֹת (hǔy·yeḏôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 1960; TWOT 847a—LN 33.109–33.116 songs of thanksgiving, hymns, i.e., a musical rendition of thanks as an act. of worship (Ne 12:8+), see also domain LN 33.349–33.353

2118 הָיָה (hā·yā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1961; TWOT 491—1. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) be, i.e., to possess certain characteristics whether inherent or transitory (Ge 1:2); (nif) been (Ex 11:6; 1Ki 12:24; 2Ch 11:4; Da 2:1; Joel 2:2; Mic 2:4; Zec 8:10+); 2. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) be, i.e., to possess certain characteristics identical with another object (Ps 10:14); 3. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) be, i.e., to exist in the absolute sense (Ex 3:14); 4. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) happen, occur, i.e., have an event transpire (1Ki 14:3); (nif) happen (Dt 4:32; Jdg 19:30; 20:3, 12; 1Ki 1:27; Ne 6:8; Pr 13:19; Jer 5:30; 48:19; Eze 21:12[EB 7]; 39:8; Da 12:1+); 5. LN 85.1–85.31 (qal) be, i.e., be in a place (Lev 16:17); 6. LN 58.63–58.69 (qal) be, was, i.e., belong to a certain class (Ge 10:9); 7. LN 58.63–58.69 (qal) is, i.e., a marker of a representation standing for something else (Hos 7:8); 8. LN 23.78–23.87 (nif) exhausted, formally, change of state, i.e., be physically tired and in need of rest, as an extension of a copulative giving a change of state (Da 8:27+); 9. LN 13.48–13.68 unit: הָיָה לְ־ (hā·yā(h) l-) become, i.e., to change from one state to another (Ge 2:24); 10. LN 41.1–41.24 unit: הָיָה לְ־ (hā·yā(h) l-) serve as, i.e., have a certain function (Ge 1:15); 11. LN 57.1–57.21 unit: הָיָה לְ־ ־ךָ (hā·yā(h) l- ḵā) have, possess, formally, be to you, i.e., have an object in one’s possession (Dt 23:14[EB 13]); 12. LN 15.156–15.157 unit: הָיָה אַחַר (hā·yā(h) ʾǎ·ḥǎr) follow, i.e., go after another or a group in a linear motion (1Sa 12:14); 13. LN 34.66–34.78 unit: עָגַן לְ־ בִּלְתִּי הָיָה לְ־ אִישׁ (ʿā·ḡǎn l- bil·tî hā·yā(h) l- ʾîš)1 remain unmarried, formally, be withdrawn as not to belong to a man, i.e., remain in an unmarried state (Ru 1:13+), note: in context as a widow; 14. LN 34.66–34.78 unit: הָיָה לְ־ אִשָּׁה (hā·yā(h) l- ʾiš·šā(h)) marry, i.e., a man entered into a marital relation (Nu 36:3); 15. LN 34.66–34.78 unit: הָיָה לְ־ אִישׁ (hā·yā(h) l- ʾîš) marry, i.e., a woman enter into a marital relation (Lev 22:12); 16. LN 21.17–21.24 unit: חוֹמָה הָיָה (ḥô·mā(h) hā·yā(h)) protection, formally, be a wall, i.e., the figurative extension of the protective features of a wall for being safe (1Sa 25:16); 17. LN 34.66–34.78 unit: עָגַן לְ־ בִּלְתִּי הָיָה לְ־ אִישׁ (ʿā·ḡǎn l- bil·tî hā·yā(h) l- ʾîš)1 remain unmarried, formally, be withdrawn as not to belong to a man, i.e., remain in an unmarried state (Ru 1:13+), note: in context as a widow; 18. LN 18.12–18.23 unit: יַחְדָּו הָיָה תָּם (yǎḥ·dāw hā·yā(h) tām) fit, formally, together be complete, i.e., attached two objects into a single unit (Ex 26:24; 36:29+); note: further study may yield more domains

2119 הַיָּה (hǎy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1962; TWOT 483b—LN 20.31–20.60 destruction (Job 6:2 K+), for Q in some texts, see 2095, note: context likely favors the Q

2120 הֵיךְ (hêḵ): adv. interrogative; ≡ Str 1963; TWOT 492—LN 92 how?, i.e., a marker of a question with a reference to means (1Ch 13:12; Da 10:17+), see also 375

2121 הֵיכָל (hê·ḵāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1964; TWOT 493—1. LN 7.16 temple, sanctuary, i.e., a worship complex (1Sa 1:9); 2. LN 7.2–7.25 palace, i.e., a residence and complex of a king and other royalty (1Ki 21:1; 2Ki 20:18; Ps 45:9[EB 8]; Da 1:4); 3. LN 7.26–7.53 main hall of a building complex (1Ki 6:3); 4. LN 7.26–7.53 outer sanctuary, i.e., another part of a temple complex (Eze 41:1–25 passim)

2122 הֵילֵל (hê·lēl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1966; TWOT 499a—LN 1.26–1.33 light-bearing object in the sky, Shining One, i.e., Morning star or Day star, the planet Venus, prominent in the morning, referring to the majesty and high status of a king (Isa 14:12+), note: KJV, NKJV translates as “Lucifer,” but it is begging the question to say this must then refer to Satan. Note: possibly this is a reference to a “crescent moon” based on analogous language studies

הִים (hîm) BDB: see 2101

2123 הֵימָם (hê·mām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1967;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hemam: (NIV Homam) Horite grandson of Seir (Ge 36:22+), see also 2102

2124 הֵימָן (hê·mān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1968;—LN 93-pers. (male) Heman: 1. a wise man (1Ki 5:11[EB 4:31]) 2. of Judah, son of Zerah (1Ch 2:6) 3. of Levi, the Ezrahite (Ps 88:1[title] 1Ch 6:18[EB 33]; 15:17; 2Ch 5:12), note: some place all these as one person

2125 הִין (hîn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1969; TWOT 494—LN 81.20–81.24 liquid measure, i.e., a hin measure of about 1/6th of a bath measure, approx. one U.S. liquid gallon (3.75 liters) (Ex 29:40; 30:24; Lev 19:36; 23:13; Nu 15:4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10; 28:5, 7, 14; Eze 4:11; 45:24; 46:5, 7, 11, 14+), note: some see the hin as larger unit, based on a larger “bath” unit, see 1427

2126 הַיַּרְקוֹן (hǎy·yǎr·qôn): n.pr. [Holladay: possibly RIVER]; ≡ Str 4313;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jarkon: part of a compound name, of Me Jarkon, see 4770

2127 הַיְשִׁימוֹת (hǎy·šî·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1020;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jeshimoth: part of a compound name, Beth Jeshimoth, see 1093

הכר (hkr): see 2128

2128 הָכַר (hā·ḵǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1970; TWOT 495—LN 33.387–33.403 (qal or hif impf. 2mp.) cause wonder, astonish, i.e., apparently as an ironic statement, with an opposite, intense meaning of reproach (Job 19:3+), note: a text variant occurs in other Hebrew MSS, for NIV see 2686; see also BHS ftn

2129 הַכָּרָה (hǎk·kā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1971; TWOT 1368e—1. LN 33.476–33.489 an expression, look, i.e., the appearance of the face as a non-verbal communication (Isa 3:9+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 88.238–88.242 bias in judgment, favoritism, prejudice, i.e., a personal judgment, implying a thoughtless act. (Isa 3:9+)

2130 הַכֶּרֶם (hǎk·kě·rěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1021;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hakkerem: part of a compound name, Beth Hakkerem, see 1094

הַכָּרַת (hǎk·kā·rǎṯ): see 2129

2131 הַל (hǎl): pt. interrogative; ≡ Str 1973; TWOT 496a—see 2022 + 4200 (Dt 32:6+), note: alt. text in some mss.

2132 הֲלֹא (hǎlō(ʾ)): pt. interrogative of negation; ≡ Str 3808; TWOT 1064—2022 + 4202 (Eze 18:25)

הלא (hlʾ): see 2133

2133 הָלָא (hā·lā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 1972; TWOT 496—LN 15.160–15.164 (nif ptcp. fem.) be driven far away, i.e., be a stray (Mic 4:7+), note: some cj the text as 2688, based in interpretations of ancient version’s translations, which would then be a synonymous parallel to “lame.”

2134 הָלְאָה (hāl·ʾā(h)): adv. of time and place; ≡ Str 1973; TWOT 496a—1. LN 83.55–83.56 beyond, some distance away, i.e., pertaining to a position farther away than a reference point, as a spatial position (Ge 35:21; Nu 17:2[EB 16:37]; 32:19; 1Sa 10:3; 20:22, 37; Am 5:27+); 2. LN 83.18–83.22 outside, formally, beyond, i.e., pertaining to a spatial position which is on the total outside of a perimeter of a specific space (Jer 22:19+); 3. LN 67.118–67.135 future time, formally, beyond, i.e., an indefinite period of time past another point of time (Lev 22:27; Nu 15:23; 1Sa 18:9; Eze 39:22; 43:27+); 4. LN 15.34–15.74 unit: נָגַשׁ הָלְאָה (nā·ḡǎš hāl·ʾā(h)) get away, formally, go to the beyond, i.e., depart an area so as to not impede movement of other objects, which could be a very short distance (Ge 19:9+); 5. LN 83.5–83.8 unit: מִן הוּא וְ־ הָלְאָה (min hû(ʾ) w- hāl·ʾā(h)) far and wide, almost everywhere, formally, this and beyond, i.e., pertaining to being in virtually all positions possible (Isa 18:2, 7+)

2135 הַלּוֹחֵשׁ (hǎl·lô·ḥēš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3873;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hallohesh: 1. father of wall builder (Ne 3:12+) 2. signer of covenant (Ne 10:25[EB 24]+), note: some say same as 1.; see also 4285

הִלּוּל (hil·lûl) BDB: see 2136

2136 הִלּוּלִים (hil·lû·lîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1974; TWOT 500a—1. LN 53.16–53.27 offering of praise, i.e., an offering similar to the first fruits offering (Lev 19:24+); 2. LN 51 pagan festival (Jdg 9:27+)

הֲלוֹם (hǎlôm) Lisowsky: see 2151

2137 הַלָּז (hǎl·lāz): p. (demonstrative); ≡ Str 1975; TWOT 497—LN 92.29–92.36 this, that, i.e., a referential of demonstrative or deictic use (Jdg 6:20; 1Sa 14:1; 17:26; 2Ki 4:25; 23:17; Da 8:16; Zec 2:8[EB 4]+), see also 2296

2138 הַלָּזֶה (hǎl·lā·zě(h)): p. (demonstrative masc.); ≡ Str 1976; TWOT 497—LN 92.29–92.36 that, a referential of demonstrative or deictic use (Ge 24:65; 37:19+), see also 2139, see also 2296

2139 הַלֵּזוּ (hǎl·lē·zû): p. (demonstrative fem.); ≡ Str 1977; TWOT 497—LN 92.29–92.36 this,, a referential of demonstrative or deictic use (Eze 36:35+), see also 2138;

הַלֵּזִי (hǎl·lē·zî): see 2139 Eze 36:35+

הלחות (hlḥwt) BDB: see 4284 (Jer 48:5 K+)

2140 הַלַּחְמִי (hǎl·lǎḥ·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1022;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) part of a compound name, Bethlehemite, see 1095

2141 הָלִיךְ (hā·lîḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1978; TWOT 498b—1. LN 1.99–1.105 path, way, i.e., a place steps are taken to go from one place to another (Job 29:6+); 2. LN 59.48–59.61 unit: רָחַץ הָלִיךְ בְּ־ חֶמְאָה (rā·ḥǎṣ hā·lîḵ b- ḥěm·ʾā(h)) life of abundance or wealth, i.e., path drenched with cream (Job 29:6+)

2142 הֲלִיכָה (hǎlî·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1979; TWOT 498c—1. LN 15.165–15.186 procession, i.e., a marching activity of an enclave in honor of a king (Ps 68:25[EB 24]+); 2. LN 15.1–15.17 a way, i.e., the activity of walking and movement (Na 2:6 Q[EB 5]+); 3. LN 57.189–57.208 traveling merchants (Job 6:19+); 4. LN 46 affairs, matters, i.e., activities in a household (Pr 31:27+), see also domain LN 42.7–42.28; 5. LN 42.7–42.28 a way, i.e., the activities of a person (Hab 3:6+)

הלךְ (hlk): see 2143

2143 הָלַךְ (hā·lǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 1980, 3212; TWOT 498—1. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) go, travel, i.e., make linear motion to another place, with any form of transportation (2Ki 7:14); (piel) travel (Ps 104:26); (hif) take, send, i.e., cause linear motion of an object, collection, or mass (Jer 32:5); (hitp) go about (Zec 1:10), note: for MT text in Ne 12:31, see 9336; 2. LN 15.224–15.229 (qal) walk, i.e., make linear motion on foot or pod (Lev 11:20); (piel) go about (1Ki 21:27); (hif) cause to walk (Lev 26:13); (hitp) walk about, walk without particular goal (Ex 21:19); 3. LN 15.144–15.145 (qal) follow, i.e., make linear motion behind another object or collection (Ge 32:20[EB 19]); 4. LN 36.31–36.43 (qal) follow, i.e., be an adherent of a person, group, or belief (Lev 26:3); 5. LN 41.1–41.24 (qal) behave, conduct, live, formally, walk, i.e., go about doing certain actions in a regular, more or less consistent manner, so possibly constituting a life or lifestyle, as an extension of the act. of walking as regular and patterned (Lev 20:23); (piel) live (Ps 86:11); (hitp) lived for, formally, walked (Ge 5:22); 6. LN 13.69–13.103 (piel) exist, formally, proceeds, i.e., a state of existence as a figurative extension of a procession of subjects walking (Ps 85:14[EB 13]); 7. (qal) lead, guide, i.e., direct collection of persons often by taking a frontal position in the linear movement (Dt 10:11); 8. LN 15.165–15.186 (hif) lead (Dt 8:2); 9. LN 68.34–68.57 (hif) get rid of, i.e., cause a state to no longer exist as a figurative extension of driving an object out of a space (2Sa 13:13), see also domain LN 13.48–13.68; 10. LN 15.148–15.155 (hif) escort, travel with, i.e., make linear motion with others, with a focus that the subject leads or directs the way (1Ki 1:38); 11. LN 57.125–57.141 (qal) take control, have possession, i.e., accept an object to control or care for, but not necessarily as a formal possession (Ps 73:9); (hif) receive, take, formally, cause to walk (Ex 2:9); 12. LN 15.160–15.164 (hif) drive, formally, cause to walk, i.e., cause another collection or mass to move to another location (Ex 14:21); 13. LN 13.48–13.68 (nif) change of state, i.e., to have gradual, perceptual change of state, with a focus on gradual transition as a figurative extension of being carried to another place (Ps 109:23+), note: NIV translates “fade away”; 14. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) flow, formally, walk, i.e., the movement of a mass as an extension of walking on foot (Isa 8:6); (piel) flow (Ps 104:10); (hif) flow (Eze 32:14); (hitp) flow (Ps 58:8[EB 7]); 15. LN 15.245 (piel) fly, formally, walk, i.e., the motion of a missile in linear motion, and so a not self-sustaining flight (Hab 3:11); 16. LN 14.36–14.52 (qal) flash down, formally walk, i.e., the movement of light or visible energy (Ex 9:23); (hitp) flash back and forth (Ps 77:18[EB 17])/LNN; 17. LN 23.40–23.45 (hitp) swallow down, formally, walk down, i.e., the movement of a mass through the mouth and down the alimentary (digestive) canal (Pr 23:31); 18. LN 30.75–30.85 (piel) concern, think seriously about an issue, formally, walk, i.e., think about a subject with a view to making a decision or understanding of that issue (Ps 131:1); 19. LN 57.232–57.248 (piel) bandit, mugger, formally, prowl or walk, i.e., one who robs another with an element of surprise, as an extension of one who walks, implying stealth and quietness (Pr 6:11); (hitp) bandit, mugger (Pr 24:34); 20. LN 14.4–14.9 (qal) blow, formally, walk, i.e., the motion of the wind (Ecc 1:6); 21. LN 15.248–15.249 (qal) crawl, i.e., make linear motion without limbs (Ge 3:14); 22. LN 15.246–15.247 (qal) float, formally, walk, i.e., a position on the surface of the water, implying movement due to external forces (Ge 7:18); 23. LN 59.62–59.71 (qal) increase, i.e., have a quantity or state become more or greater (Jdg 4:24); 24. LN 15.224–15.229 (qal) march, proceed, i.e., make linear motion in an organized walking motion (Joel 2:7); 25. LN 15.88–15.92 unit: (hif) הָלַךְ שָׁם (hā·lǎḵ šām) return, formally, cause to walk back there, i.e., make linear motion to an original or prior spatial position (2Ki 17:27); 26. LN 15.187–15.211 unit: (hif) הָלַךְ בְּ־ יָד (hā·lǎḵ b- yāḏ) carry, formally, cause to walk in the hand, i.e., bear up an object and move to another location with linear movement (Ecc 5:14[EB 15]); 27. LN 15.165–15.186 unit: הָלַךְ לְ־ פָּנֶה (hā·lǎḵ l- pā·ně(h)) leader, formally, walk ahead, i.e., direct or guide a collection and so act. as a leader (Dt 10:11), see also domain LN 37.48–37.95; 28. LN 53.66–53.95 unit: (hitp) הָלַךְ לְ־ פָּנֶה (hā·lǎḵ l- pā·ně(h)) minister, serve, formally, walk before, i.e., give religious worship and service to deity, apparently as a figurative extension of walking in procession before a king or sacred representative (1Sa 2:30); 29. LN 36.31–36.43 unit: הָלַךְ בְּ־ רֶגֶל (hā·lǎḵ b- rě·ḡěl) follow, i.e., be an adherent of a person, group, or belief (1Sa 25:27+); 30. LN 36.31–36.43 unit: (piel) הָלַךְ בְּ־ (hā·lǎḵ b-) follow, i.e., be an adherent of a person, group, or belief (Ps 81:14[EB 13]); 31. LN 15.18–15.26 unit: הָלַךְ עַל אֲשֶׁר הָלַךְ (hā·lǎḵ ʿǎl ʾǎšěr hā·lǎḵ) wander aimlessly, i.e., make linear motion without an expressed, clear goal (2Sa 15:20); 32. LN 21.1–21.5 unit: הָלַךְ בְּ־ גַּיְא צַלְמָוֶת (hā·lǎḵ b- gǎy(ʾ) ṣǎl·mā·wěṯ) be near or in threat of death, formally, valley of the shadow of death, i.e., be near or in peril of death (Ps 23:4+)/LNN; 33. LN 88.271–88.282 unit: הָלַךְ נָטָה גָּרוֹן (hā·lǎḵ nā·ṭā(h) gā·rôn) walk like a flirt, seduce, formally, walk with stretched neck, i.e., not so much to walk with the head held high, but rather to extend the neck in a manner that looks side to side and behind coyly to see if anyone notices them, as a potential sexual misbehavior (Isa 3:16+); 34. LN 15.18–15.26 unit: הָלַךְ נְתִיבָה (hā·lǎḵ neṯî·ḇā(h)) traveler, formally, one walking a path, i.e., persons who journey from one place to another (Jdg 5:6); 35. LN 24.1–24.51 unit: הָלַךְ מִן עַיִן (hā·lǎḵ min ʿǎ·yin)1 disappear, formally, walk from the eyes, i.e., to have an object no longer be visible to the eye (Jdg 6:21); note: further study may yield more domains

2144 הֵלֶךְ (hē·lěḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1982; TWOT 498a—1. LN 14.17–14.35 flowing, oozing, i.e., the slow gravitational motion of a thick, viscid liquid (1Sa 14:26+); 2. LN 85.67–85.85 visitor, i.e., one who goes to another place where he is not familiar to the locals (2Sa 12:4+)

הלכותם (hlkwtm): see 2142 (Na 2:6 K)

I. הלל (hll): see 2145

II. הלל (hll): see 2146

III. הלל (hll): see 2147

2145 I. הָלַל (hā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1984; TWOT 499, 500—LN 14.36–14.52 (hif) shine flash, radiate, i.e., have bright or clear light be visible from a source (Job 29:3; 31:26; 41:10[EB 18]; Isa 13:10+)

2146 II. הָלַל (hā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1984; TWOT 499—1. LN 33.354–33.364 (piel) praise, cheer, brag on, extol, i.e., extol the greatness or excellence of a person, object, or event; (pual) be praised, be worthy of praise (2Sa 22:4; 1Ch 16:25; Ps 18:4; 48:2; 78:63; 96:4; 113:3; 145:3; Pr 12:8; Eze 26:17+), note: also verbal song and singing with the same themes; (hitp) boast in, praise, glory in, i.e., express words of excellence, with a focus on the confidence one has in the object, person, or event (1Ch 16:10; Ps 34:3[EB 2]; 52:3[EB 1]; 63:12[EB 11]; 64:11[EB 10]; 105:3; 106:5; Pr 31:30; Isa 41:16; 45:25; Jer 4:2+), see also domain LN 33.109–33.116; 2. LN 33.368–33.373 (piel) boast, brag, formally, praise about, i.e., speak words which show confidence in an object, which is not deity (Ps 10:3; 53:3[EB 1]); (hitp) boast, brag (1Ki 20:11; Ps 49:7[EB 6]; 97:7; Pr 20:14; 25:14; 27:1; Jer 9:22[EB 23],23[EB 24]; 49:4+), note: in some contexts this can be improper confidence, so be haughty, see also domain LN 88.206–88.222; note: see also 2149

2147 III. הָלַל (hā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 1984; TWOT 499—1. LN 88.206–88.222 (qal) be arrogant, boast, i.e., be in a state of improper pride and haughtiness (Ps 5:6[EB 5]; 73:3; 75:5[EB 4]+); 2. LN 32.42–32.61 (poel) make a fool of, i.e., turn another into one who has no capacity for understanding, implying a condition which can be ridiculed (Job 12:17; Ecc 7:7; Isa 44:25+); (poal) be foolish (Ecc 2:2+), for another parsing, see also 4538.5; 3. LN 33.387–33.403 (poal) mock, slander, rail against, i.e., speak harmful words against another, implying a lack of respect (Ps 102:9[EB 8]+); 4. LN 30.1–30.38 (hitpoel) mad, insane, i.e., to think in an irrational manner and so behave in kind (1Sa 21:14[EB 13]; Jer 25:16; 50:38; 51:7+); 5. LN 42.7–42.28 (hitpoel) furious, charging, i.e., to act. in a manner that performs with great energy and intensity, implying that the action may border on being unthoughtful or even reckless in manner (Jer 46:9; Na 2:5[EB 4]+), note: for MT text in Isa 52:5, see 3536

2148 הִלֵּל (hil·lēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1985;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hillel: father of Abdon, delivering judge of Israel (Jdg 12:13, 15+), see also 7284

2149 הַלְלוּיָהּ (hǎl·lû·yāh): inj. [oth 2146 imv. + 3363]; ≡ Str 1984, 3050;—LN 33.354–33.364 Hallelujah!, Praise the LORD!, i.e., a marker of the beginning or ending of a psalm of praise (Ps 111:1), see also 2146 and 3363

הַלֲלוּיָהּ (hǎ·lǎlû·yāh) BDB: see 2149

הלם (hlm): see 2150

2150 הָלַם (hā·lǎm): v.; ≡ Str 1986; TWOT 502—1. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal) strike, pound, i.e., the physical impact of a hoof to the ground, with a focus on the sound the impact makes (Jdg 5:22), see also domain LN 14.74–14.86; 2. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal) strike, smash, beat, i.e., make a physical impact on a person or object, with a focus on injury or destruction (Jdg 5:26; Ps 74:6; 141:5; Pr 23:35; Isa 41:7+); 3. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) trample, i.e., have a physical impact by pressing (Isa 16:8+); 4. LN 88.283–88.288 unit: הָלַם יַיִן (hā·lǎm yǎ·yin) (qal pass.) be drunk, be incapacitated by wine, formally, be laid low by wine (Isa 28:1), see also domain LN 74

2151 הֲלֹם (hǎlōm): adv. of place; ≡ Str 1988; TWOT 503—1. LN 83.1–83.4 here, i.e., pertaining to a spatial position near, from the view of the subject (Ge 16:13; Jdg 20:7; 1Sa 14:36+), note: NIV translates Ge 16:13 as temporal “now,” apparently for stylistic translation, though possibly the translator parses as an adv. of time; 2. LN 84.16–84.28 to here, toward this place, i.e., pertaining to a spatial position as an extension to a goal (Ex 3:5; Jdg 18:3; Ru 2:14; 1Sa 10:22; 14:38; 2Sa 7:18; 1Ch 17:16; Ps 73:10+); 3. LN 83.5–83.8 everywhere, in all directions, formally, to here, i.e., pertaining to all possible positions in a space (1Sa 14:16+)

הֶלֶם (hě·lěm) BDB: see 2152

2152 הֵלֶם (hē·lěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1987;—LN 93-pers. (male) Helem: of Asher (1Ch 7:35+), see also 2598(1.)

2153 הַלְמוּת (hǎl·mûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1989; TWOT 502a—LN 6.14–6.22 hammer, tent-peg mallet, i.e., an implement for striking or pounding (Jdg 5:26+), note: context suggests this is a small wooden-headed mallet for driving pegs

הם (hm), המה (hmh) BDB: see 2155

2154 I. הָם (hām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1990;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ham: town of the Zuzim, (Ge 14:5+), see also 2769.5

2155 II. הָם (hām): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 1991; TWOT 505—1. LN 57.25–57.35 wealth, riches, things of value (Eze 7:11+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 25.135–25.145 moaning, wailing, i.e., that which expresses turmoil and sorrow (Eze 7:11+), so cf. 2159

2156 הֵם (hēm): p. (personal 3mp.); ≡ Str 1992; TWOT 504—LN 92.11–92.25 they, them, a referential of whom or what is about (Ge 3:7), see also 2160

2157 ־הֶם (hěm): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3mp.)—LN 92.11–92.25 them, their, i.e., a referential marker of a definite object or person (Ge 1:21, 28)

־הֵם (hēm): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3mp.)—see 2157

2158 הַמְּדָתָא (hǎm·meḏā·ṯā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4099;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hammedatha: father of Haman (Est 3:1, 10; 8:5; 9:10, 24+)

המה (hmh): see 2159

2159 הָמָה (hā·mā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 1993; TWOT 505—1. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) be loud, make a noise, i.e., break the sound waves with great decibels (Ps 46:4[EB 3]); 2. LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) groan loudly, moan, lament, i.e., make a moaning or crying sound as signal of a distressing feeling in a person (Ps 55:18[EB 17]); 3. LN 39.42–39.44 (qal) be tumultuous, be in an uproar, bustle, rage, i.e., an exciting, unorderly, loud social situation, varying in degree of a riot (1Ki 1:41); 4. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) be disturbed, i.e., be in a state of anxiety and distress as a figurative extension of a social or political turmoil (Ps 42:6[EB 5]); 5. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) snarl, i.e., the angry sounds of a dog (Ps 59:7[EB 6]); 6. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) growl, i.e., the angry sounds of a bear (Isa 59:11); 7. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) moan, i.e., the soft sounds of a kind of pigeon or dove (Eze 7:16); 8. LN 25.12–25.32 (qal) great desire, yearning, formally, tumult, i.e., have a feeling of strong desire as a figurative extension of a loud noise or a social/political tumult (Jer 31:20); 9. LN 88.283–88.288 (qal) be a loud drunk, i.e., be in an intoxicated state or condition, with a focus that the person has drunk enough alcohol to be loud and uninhibited (Zec 9:15); 10. LN 14.17–14.35 (qal) be stormy, i.e., have a weather event on a body of water which has great wind and waves (Isa 17:12b)

הָמֶה (hā·mě(h)) Lisowsky: see 2155

2160 הֵמָּה (hēm·mā(h)): p. (personal 3mp.); ≡ Str 1992; TWOT 504—LN 92.11–92.25 they, them, i.e., a referential marker of a definite object or person (Ge 6:4), see also 2156

2161 ־הֵמָה (hē·mā(h)): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3mp.); ≡ Str 1992; TWOT 504—LN 92.11–92.25 their, i.e., a referential marker of a definite object or person (Eze 40:16+)

הֲמוּלָה (hǎmû·lā(h)) BDB: n.fem.—see 2167 Jer 11:16+

2162 הָמוֹן (hā·môn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1995; TWOT 505a—1. LN 57.25–57.35 wealth, riches, i.e., the accumulation of possessions which are much greater than the norm (Ps 37:16); 2. LN 59.48–59.61 abundance, large amount, i.e., large quantity of objects which is much greater than needed (Jer 49:32); 3. LN 14.74–14.86 roar, noise, rumble, i.e., a loud noise, often as an event of nature (Jer 51:42); 4. LN 39.42–39.44 commotion, tumult, clamor, uproar, confusing situation, i.e., an exciting, unorderly, loud social situation, varying in degree of a riot (1Sa 4:14); 5. LN 11.1–11.11 crowd, multitude, many, populace, masses, i.e., a congregation of persons for any reason (2Sa 6:19); 6. LN 55.7–55.13 hoards, army, troops, i.e., a large collection of soldiers for military purposes (Jdg 4:7); 7. LN 25.33–25.58 unit: הָמוֹן מֵעֶה (hā·môn mē·ʿě(h)) tenderness, compassion, formally, commotion of the loins, i.e., love and affection as a desire of the heart (Isa 63:15+); also part of a compound name, Hamon Gog, see 2163; note: Eze 5:7 for another interp as qal inf., see 2171

2163 הֲמוֹן גּוֹג (hǎmôn gôḡ): n.pr. [KB, Holladay, BDB: n.masc. and n.pr.masc.]; ≡ Str 1996;—LN 93-place (loc.) (Valley of) Hamon Gog: (Eze 39:11, 15+), note: one might translate as “tumult of the valley of Gog.”

2164 הֲמוֹנָה (hǎmô·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1997;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hamonah: an unidentified town (Eze 39:16+)

2165 הַמַּחְלְקוֹת (hǎm·mǎḥ·leqôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5555;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hammahlekoth: part of a compound name, of Sela Hammahlekoth, see 6154

2166 הֶמְיָה (hěm·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1998; TWOT 505b—LN 14.74–14.86 sound, musical tone of a plucked instrument (Isa 14:11+)

2167 הֲמֻלָּה (hǎmǔl·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1999; TWOT 506a—1. LN 14.74–14.86 unit: קוֹל הֲמֻלָּה (qôl hǎmǔl·lā(h)) tumult, a very loud noise caused from human activity (Eze 1:24+); 2. LN 14.1–14.3 unit: קוֹל הֲמֻלָּה גָּדוֹל (qôl hǎmǔl·lā(h) gā·ḏôl) severe lightning storm, i.e., a storm which can cause fire, wind, and loud noises (Jer 11:16+)

2168 הַמֹּלֶכֶת (hǎm·mō·lě·ḵěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4447;—LN 93-pers. (female) Hammoleketh: sister of Gilead (1Ch 7:18+), note: for NAB spelling, see 4907

המם (hmm)[1] or המם (hmm): see 2169

המם (hmm)[2] or המם (hmm): see 2170

2169 I. הָמַם (hā·mǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2000; TWOT 507—1. LN 15.160–15.164 (qal) drive, i.e., direct and control a wagon pulled by animals (Isa 28:28+), see also domain LN 6.52–6.53; 2. LN 39.42–39.44 (qal) throw into confusion, cause panic, rout, i.e., cause an uproar and disorderly social situation, similar to a riot (Ex 14:24; 23:27; Dt 2:15; 7:23; Jos 10:10; Jdg 4:15; 1Sa 7:10; 2Sa 22:15; Ps 18:15[EB 14]; 144:6; Jer 51:34+), note: in a fighting setting, an army would not coordinate and so be an ineffective military machine; (nif) be in an uproar (1Ki 1:45+); 3. LN 22.21–22.28 cause trouble, ruin, formally, rout, i.e., cause hardship and unfavorable circumstance as an extension of a routing of an enemy (2Ch 15:6; Est 9:24+), note: some parse Dt 7:23; 1Ki 1:45 as 2101; also, Jer 51:34, see also 2170

2170 II. הָמַם (hā·mǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2000; TWOT 507—LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) drain, pour out, i.e., cause a liquid or mass to leave a container, and so be empty (Jer 51:34+), note: for another interp, see 2169

2171 הָמַן (hā·mǎn): v.; ≡ Str 1995; TWOT 505a—LN 39.34–39.41 (qal) be insolent, be unruly, i.e., to rage against an authority, so be rebellious (Eze 5:7+), note: for another interp as n., see 2162, note: the interpretation of this lexeme is difficult, see WBC28:52 7b.; note: BDB to rage, be turbulent

2172 הָמָן (hā·mān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2001;—LN 93-pers. (male) Haman: son of Hammedatha, antagonist of the Jews (Est 3:1–9:24 passim+)

הֲמָנְכֶם (hǎmān·ḵěm): qal inf. or n.masc.—see 2171 or 2162 (Eze 5:7+)

הֶמֶס (hě·měs) BDB: see 2173

2173 הֲמָסִים (hǎmā·sîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2003; TWOT 508a—LN 3.60–3.67 pl. material for a fire, firewood, brushwood, i.e., any wood material used for burning a cooking fire, twigs, small branches, dried brush weeds, etc. (Isa 64:1[EB 2]+), note: though other materials other than wood are suggested, contexts possibly favors a wood-burning material

2174 הַמִּצְפֶּה (hǎm·miṣ·pě(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7434;—LN 93-place (loc.) Mizpah: part of a compound name, Ramath Mizpah, see 8256

2175 הַמַּרְכָּבוֹת (hǎm·mǎr·kā·ḇôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1024;—LN 93-place (loc.) Marcaboth: part of a compound name, Beth Marcaboth, see 1112

הַמְשֵׁל (hǎm·šēl): n.masc.—see 5440

2176 I. הֵן (hēn): c. [see also 2176.5]; ≡ Str 2005, 3860; TWOT 1083—1. LN 89.65–89.70 what if, if, since, i.e., a marker of a condition which is real or hypothetical, actual or contrary to fact (Ex 4:1); 2. LN 89.124–89.138 but, yet, i.e., a marker of contrast (Ge 27:11); 3. LN 89.92–89.104 even, i.e., a marker of an addition (Ge 44:8); 4. LN 89.71–89.75 though, i.e., a marker of a concession (Job 13:15); 5. LN 67.17–67.64 when, i.e., a marker of a point in time roughly simultaneous with another point in time (Job 9:11+)

הֵן (hēn): pt. or inj. [served by 2176]; ≡ Str 2005, 3860;—LN 91.6–91.12 Surely!, See!, Look!, Now!, Oh!, i.e., a marker for emphasis of the following word, sentence, or section (Ps 51:7[EB 5])

2177 II. ־הֵן (hēn): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3fp.); ≡ Str 2004; TWOT 504—LN 92.11–92.25 them, their, a referential of whom or what is about (Isa 3:17)

־הֶן (hěn): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3fp.)—see 2177

2178 I. הֵנָּה (hēn·nā(h)): adv. of time and place; ≡ Str 2008; TWOT 510b—1. LN 67.17–67.64 now, present, i.e., pertaining to a time simultaneous with a time of the discourse (Jdg 16:13); 2. LN 83.1–83.4 here, i.e., pertaining to a spatial position near, from the view of the subject (Ge 21:23); 3. LN 84.16–84.28 to here, toward this place, i.e., pertaining to a spatial position as an extension to a goal (Jos 2:2); 4. LN 83.42–83.45 there, i.e., pertaining to a space which is relatively far from the speaker (Da 12:5b); 5. LN 83.5–83.8 unit: הֵנָּה וְ־ הֵנָּה (hēn·nā(h) w- hēn·nā(h))1 here and there, i.e., pertaining to multiple positions of a space, but not all positions at once (1Ki 20:40); 6. LN 83.5–83.8 unit: הֵנָּה וְ־ הֵנָּה (hēn·nā(h) w- hēn·nā(h))1 everywhere, in any directions, formally, here and there, i.e., pertaining to all possible positions in a space (Jos 8:20); 7. LN 83.9–83.17 unit: הֵנָּה וְ־ הֵנָּה (hēn·nā(h) w- hēn·nā(h))1 both sides, formally, here and there, i.e., pertaining to two sides of a space (right and left) (1Ki 2:8)

2179 II. הֵנָּה (hēn·nā(h)): p. (personal and demonstrative 3fp.); ≡ Str 2007; TWOT 504—1. LN 92.11–92.25 they, them, i.e., a referential marker of a definite object or person (Ex 1:19); 2. LN 92.29–92.36 these, those, i.e., a referential of demonstrative or deictic use (1Sa 17:28)

הִנֶּה־ (hin·ně(h)-) BDB: see 2180 (Ge 19:2)

2180 הִנֵּה (hin·nē(h)): pt. demonstrative [Holladay: inj. demonstrative ]; ≡ Str 2009; TWOT 510a—1. LN 91.6–91.12 Here!, There!, Look!, Now! a marker used to liven narrative, change a scene, emphasize an idea, call attention to a detail (Ge 6:13); 2. LN 91.13 Here!, There!, Look!, Behold!, a marker of attention (Isa 65:17)

2181 ־הְנָה (henā(h)): pronominal suffix (obj.3fp.)—1. LN 92.11–92.25 they, them, i.e., a referential marker of a definite object or person (Ex 1:19); 2. LN 92.29–92.36 these, those, i.e., a referential of demonstrative or deictic use (1Ki 7:37; Eze 16:53+)

2182 הֲנָחָה (hǎnā·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2010; TWOT 1323d—1. LN 51 holiday, i.e., an official day of rest and celebration (Est 2:18+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 40.8–40.13 amnesty, release, i.e., the forgiving and releasing from an obligation (Est 2:18+), note: in context the amnesty from tax

2183 הִנֹּם (hin·nōm): n.pr. [Holladay: N.PR.M.]; ≡ Str 2011;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hinnom: valley to the W and S of Jerusalem (Jos 15:8; 18:16; Ne 11:30+); also part of a compound name, Ben Hinnom, see also 1208

2184 הֵנַע (hē·nǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2012;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hena: city on the Euphrates River N of Babylon (2Ki 18:34; 19:13; Isa 37:13+)

2185 הֲנָפָה (hǎnā·p̄ā(h)): n.[fem.] [BDB: hif inf.cs. of 5677]; ≡ Str 5130; TWOT 1329, 1330—LN 16 waving, the act. of swinging back and forth, usually with an object in the grasp (Isa 30:28+), note: oth parse as 5677

2186 הַנֶּקֶב (hǎn·ně·qěḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5346;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nekeb: part of a compound name, Adami Nekeb, see 146

2187 הַס (hǎs): inj. [oth qal imv. of 2188]; ≡ Str 2013; TWOT 511—LN 33.117–33.125 Silence!, Quiet!, Hush!, Be Still!, i.e., a marker of inactivity, often with a focus on not speaking (Jdg 3:19; Ne 8:11; Am 6:10; 8:3; Hab 2:20; Zep 1:7; Zec 2:17[EB 13]+)

הָס (hās) BDB: see 2187

הסה (hsh): see 2188

2188 הָסָה (hā·sā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2013; TWOT 511—LN 33.117–33.125 (hif impf.) silence, still, i.e., to cause inactivity with a focus on not speaking (Nu 13:30+)

: inj.—see 2187 Ne 8:11+

2189 הַסְּנָאָה (hǎs·senā·ʾā(h)): n.pr. [Holladay: terr or loc.]; ≡ Str 5570;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hassenaah: father of wall builder (Ne 3:3+), note: some relate to 6171, note: some interp this as a place

2190 הַסְּנֻאָה (hǎs·senǔ·ʾā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5570;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hassenuah: ancestor of returnee from captivity (1Ch 9:7; Ne 11:9+)

2191 הַסֹּפֶרֶת (hǎs·sō·p̄ě·rěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5618;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hassophereth: ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:55+), see also 6072; 6230.5

2192 הָעֲבָרִים (hā·ʿǎḇā·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5863;—LN 93-place (loc.) Haabarim: part of a compound name, Iye Abarim, see 6516

2193 הָעֵזֶר (hā·ʿē·zěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 72;—LN 93-place (loc.) Haezer: part of a compound name, Ebenezer, see also 75

2194 הָעַמֹּנִי (hā·ʿǎm·mō·nî): n.pr. [oth n.masc. + n.pr.gent.]; ≡ Str 3726;—LN 93-place (loc.) Haammoni: part of a compound name, Kephar Ammoni, see also 4112, note: some may translate as “unwalled village of the Ammonites” (4107 + 6649)

2195 הָעֵמֶק (hā·ʿē·měq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1025;—LN 93-place (loc.) Haemek: part of a compound name, Beth Emek, see 1097

2196 הָעֲרָבָה (hā·ʿǎrā·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1026;—LN 93-place (loc.) Haarabah: part of a compound name, Beth Arabah, see 1098

2197 הָעֲרָלוֹת (hā·ʿǎrā·lôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6190; TWOT 1695a—LN 93-place (loc.) Haaraloth: part of a compound name, Gibeath Haaraloth, see also 1502; note: for the name as a common noun, see 6889

2198 הֲפֻגָה (hǎp̄ǔ·ḡā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2014; TWOT 1740b—LN 23.78–23.87 relief, rest, i.e., the stopping or cessation of an activity which so brings rest (La 3:49+)

הֲפוּגָה (hǎp̄û·ḡā(h)) BDB, Lisowsky: see 2198

2199 הַפּוּךְ (hǎp·pûḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7163;—LN 93-pers. (female) Happuch: part of a compound name, Keren-Happuch, see 7968

הפךְ (hpk): see 2200

2200 הָפַךְ (hā·p̄ǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 2015; TWOT 512—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) overthrow, i.e., to cause ruin as an extension of flipping over an object (Ge 19:21); (qal pass.) be destroyed, formally, overturned (La 4:6+); 2. LN 13.48–13.68 (qal) change, turn into, i.e., change the essential form or nature of something (Lev 13:3); (nif) change, transformed, be turned into (Ex 7:15); 3. LN 25.223–25.250 (nif) be disturbed, i.e., have great feelings of distress which are difficult to control as an extension of the chaotic flipping over of an object (La 1:20); (hof) be overwhelmed (Job 30:15+); 4. LN 23.142–23.184 (nif) be weak, formally, be overcome, i.e., be in a state or condition of physical weakness which potentially could threaten life (Ps 32:4); 5. LN 31.82–31.101 (nif) unreliable, formally, overturned, i.e., be in a state in which an object or person cannot be trusted to do what is consistent with that object (Ps 78:57); 6. LN 57.1–57.21 (nif) turn over, i.e., change possession or control of an object (La 5:2); 7. LN 15.88–15.92 (nif) return, i.e., make linear motion back to an original location (Jos 8:20); 8. LN 15.248–15.249 (hitp) tumble, i.e., the linear rolling motion of an object (Jdg 7:13+); 9. (qal) overturn, flip over (Jdg 7:13); 10. LN 16 (qal pass.) be flipped over (Hos 7:8+); 11. LN 16 (qal) get down, i.e., a non-linear motion of going from a higher to lower elevation, but make no linear motion (2Ki 5:26); 12. LN 16 (qal) turn around, i.e., make a pivoting, non-linear motion, to begin a new direction (1Ki 22:34); 13. LN 16 (hitp) go back and forth, i.e., a rapid non-linear motion which prevents movement through an entrance (Ge 3:24+); 14. LN 16 (hitp) swirl, i.e., the non-linear motion of a mass or collection of particles (Job 37:12+); 15. LN 16 (hitp) change shape, i.e., the non-linear motion of an object as it is imprinted with pressure (Job 38:14+); 16. LN 31.58–31.81 unit: (nif) הָפַךְ לֵבָב (hā·p̄ǎḵ lē·ḇāḇ) change mind, i.e., change an opinion concerning truth, imply regret about the former opinion (Ex 14:5); note: further study may yield more domains

2201 הֵפֶךְ (hē·p̄ěḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2016, 2017; TWOT 512a—1. LN 89.124–89.138 the opposite, i.e., that which is converse to another behavior or set of beliefs (Eze 16:34+); 2. LN 88.262–88.270 perversity, a perversion, a turning or twisting of rational thought or assumptions upside down (Isa 29:16+)

2202 הֲפֵכָה (hǎp̄ē·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2018; TWOT 512b—LN 20.31–20.60 demolition, destruction, i.e., the ruining of objects, implying a change of state (Ge 19:29+), see also domain LN 13.48–13.68

2203 הֲפַכְפַּךְ (hǎp̄ǎḵ·pǎḵ): adj.; ≡ Str 2019; TWOT 512c—LN 88.152–88.159 crooked, wrong, i.e., pertaining to actions in life that are not right or straightforward, with a possible implication of deception (Pr 21:8+)

2204 הַפִּצֵּץ (hǎp·piṣ·ṣēṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6483;—LN 93-pers. (male) Happizzez: of Aaron, of the 18th course (1Ch 24:15+)

2205 הֻצַּב (hǔṣ·ṣǎḇ): [oth hof pf.3ms. of 5893]; ≡ Str 5324; TWOT 1398—see 5893 (Na 2:8[EB 7]+), note: see WBC32:82 for interpretive solutions

2206 הַצֹּבֵבָה (hǎṣ·ṣō·ḇē·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6637;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hazzobebah: of Judah (1Ch 4:8+)

2207 הַצְּבָיִים (hǎṣ·ṣeḇā·yîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6380;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hazzebaim: part of a compound name, Pokereth-Hazzebaim, see 7097

2208 הַצָּלָה (hǎṣ·ṣā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2020; TWOT 1404a—LN 21.9–21.13 deliverance, i.e., that which brings relief from trouble (Est 4:14+)

2209 הַצְּלֶלְפּוֹנִי (hǎṣ·ṣelěl·pô·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6753;—LN 93-pers. (female) Hazzelelponi: of Judah (1Ch 4:3+)

2210 הֹצֶן (hō·ṣěn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2021; TWOT 513—LN 55.7–55.13 army, an attacking throng, i.e., that which is a summary of the elements of an offensive army (Eze 23:24+), note: this meaning is based in the sentence structure (disjunctive accents) of the MT, note: (ASV, NASB, NIV) “weapons;” (NEB, REB) “war-horses;” (Tanakh) “fleets;” note: KB3, Holladay say “unexplained,” see also BHS ftn for cj (LXX, RSV, NRSV, NAB, NJB), see 7600

2211 הַצֻּרִים (hǎṣ·ṣǔ·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2521;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hazzurim: part of a compound name, Helkath Hazzurim, see also 2763

2212 הַקּוֹץ (hǎq·qôṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6976;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hakkoz: 1. priest in 7th course (1Ch 24:10+) 2. another priest (Ezr 2:61; Ne 3:4, 21; 7:63+), note: some relate to 7766

2213 הַקּוֹרֵא (hǎq·qô·rē(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5875;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hakkore: part of a compound name, En Hakkore, see also 6530

2214 הַקָּטָן (hǎq·qā·ṭān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6997;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hakkatan: returnee from captivity (Ezr 8:12+)

2215 הַר (hǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2022, 2042; TWOT 517—1. LN 1.46–1.50 mountain, i.e., a relatively high elevation land formation, very prominent in a large area (Dt 3:8); 2. LN 1.46–1.50 hill, i.e., a relatively small localized elevated land formation, in contrast to level or depressed land formations (Jos 12:8; 15:8); 3. LN 1.46–1.50 mountain range, i.e., many large hills identified in the same grouping (Dt 32:49), note: for Isa 45:2 cj, see 2065, note: for MT in Ge 49:26, see 2105

2216 הֹר (hōr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2023;—LN 93-place (a mountain) Hor: 1. Mt. in the Negev (Nu 20:22, 23, 25, 27; 21:4; 33:37, 38, 39, 41; Dt 32:50+) 2. Mt. in Lebanon (Nu 34:7, 8)

2217 הָרָא (hā·rā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2024;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hara: an unidentified place (1Ch 5:26+)

2218 הָרֹאֶה (hā·rō·ʾě(h)): n.pr. [KB, Holladay: n.masc., see 2021+ 8014]; ≡ Str 7204;—LN 93-pers. (most versions as male) Haroeh: of Judah (1Ch 2:52+), note: NEB, REB, NAB emends or harmonizes to Reaiah (8025), note also: if the text stands, then one could translate “the seer,” as NEB per ftn (see 8014); note: as a proper name without the article, see 8016

2219 הַרְאֵל (hǎr·ʾēl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2025; TWOT 159a—LN 6.106–6.117 altar hearth, the top, mostly flat, fire-holding area of an altar (Eze 43:15+), see also 789

2220 הַרְבָּה (hǎr·bā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7235; TWOT 2103, 2104—see 8049 (2Sa 14:11+), note: see BHS Q which reads as hif inf. cs. of 8049; many scholars read as the inflected form הַרְבּוֹת (hǎr·bôṯ), also hif inf. cs.

2221 הַרְבֵּה (hǎr·bē(h)): adv. [see also 2221.5] [BDB, KB: hif inf.abs., see 8049]; ≡ Str 7235; TWOT 2103—LN 78.1–78.27 very, so much, i.e., a very high point on a scale of extent (2Ch 11:12)

הַרְבֵּה (hǎr·bē(h)): n.[masc.] [served by 2221] [BDB, KB: hif inf.abs., see 8049]; ≡ Str 7235; TWOT 2103—LN 59.1–59.10 many, great quantity, i.e., a collection of a relatively large number of objects (2Sa 1:4), see also 8049

הרבית (hrbyt) or הַרְבִּית (hǎr·bîṯ): see 8049 2Sa 14:11 K

הרג (hrg): see 2222

2222 הָרַג (hā·rǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 2026; TWOT 514—LN 20.61–20.88 (qal) kill, i.e., put a creature to death, usually by intention, but by accident is possible in some contexts (Ex 2:14); (qal pass.) slain (Pr 7:26); (nif) be killed (La 2:20); (pual) death (Ps 44:23[EB 22])

2223 הֶרֶג (hě·rěḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2027; TWOT 514a—LN 20.61–20.88 killing, slaughter, i.e., the intentional ending of a life, implying great violence or viciousness (Est 9:5; Pr 24:11; Isa 27:7; 30:25; Eze 26:15+)

2224 הֲרֵגָה (hǎrē·ḡā(h)): n.fem. [see also 2224.5]; ≡ Str 2028; TWOT 514b—LN 20.61–20.88 killing, slaughter, i.e., the ending of another’s life (Jer 7:32; 12:3; 19:6; Zec 11:4, 7+), note: in each context, by intention

הֲרֵגָה (hǎrē·ḡā(h)): n.pr. [see also 2224]; ≡ Str 2028; TWOT 514b—LN 93-place (loc.) unit: גַּיְא הֲרֵגָה (gǎy(ʾ) hǎrē·ḡā(h)) Valley of Slaughter: valley to the W and S of Jerusalem (Jer 7:32; 19:6+), note: another name for 1208

הרה (hrh): see 2225

2225 הָרָה (hā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2029; TWOT 515—1. LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) conceive, become pregnant, be with child, i.e., the act. of producing a child in the womb of a female, with a focus on the gestation period till birth (Ge 4:1); 2. LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) give birth, i.e., the act. of leaving the womb (1Ch 4:17); (pual) born, i.e., pertaining to the first moments of leaving the womb (Job 3:3+), note: in SS 3:4; Hos 2:7[EB 5] for another interp, see 2226.5; also Jdg 13:5; Isa 26:17 some parse as afem. 2226; Isa 59:13 some parse as poal

הָרָה (hā·rā(h))[2] BDB: see 2226

2226 הָרֶה (hā·rě(h)): adj.fem.; ≡ Str 2030; TWOT 515a—LN 23.46–23.60 pregnant, with child, i.e., pertaining to the female of a species procreating (Ge 16:11; 38:24, 25; Ex 21:22; 1Sa 4:19; 2Sa 11:5; 2Ki 8:12; 15:16; Isa 7:14; Jer 20:17; 31:8; Am 1:13+), note: for another parsing, Hos 14:1[EB 13:16] see 2230; also Jdg 13:5; Isa 26:17 some parse as qal ptcp. fem. of 2225

הֹרָה (hō·rā(h)) Lisowsky: n.fem. [oth qal act.ptcp.fem. of 2225]; ≡ Str 2030; TWOT 515a—LN 23.46–23.60 mother, i.e., one who conceives (SS 3:4; Hos 2:7[EB 5]+)

הֹרֶה (hō·rě(h)) Lisowsky: n.masc.; ≡ Str 2030; TWOT 515a—LN 10.20 (pl.) ancestors, generational parents, i.e., generations that preceded a current time (Ge 49:26+), for another interp, see 2105

2227 הָרוּם (hā·rûm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2037;—LN 93-pers. (male) Harum: of Judah (1Ch 4:8+)

2228 הֵרוֹן (hē·rôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2032; TWOT 515c—1. LN 23.46–23.60 childbearing, pregnancy, i.e., the period of gestation and the birth process itself (Ge 3:16+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 23.61–23.65 sensory pleasure, i.e., the pleasures of the sexual act. just prior to the pregnancy and gestation and birth (Ge 3:16+), note: with this meaning the phrase would translate “pains and pleasures” both being intensified

2229 הֲרוֹרִי (hǎrô·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2033;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Harorite: pertaining to the clan or place of Haror (1Ch 11:27+), see also 3012

2230 הָרִיָּה (hā·riy·yā(h)): n.fem. [oth adj.fem.]; ≡ Str 2030; TWOT 515a—LN 23.46–23.60 pregnant woman, i.e., a female of the species with child (Hos 14:1[EB 13:16]+), note: for another parsing, see 2226

2231 הֵרָיוֹן (hē·rāy·wōn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2032; TWOT 515c—LN 23.46–23.60 conception of biological life, i.e., the act. of becoming pregnant, with a focus on the beginning of the gestation period (Ru 4:13; Hos 9:11+)

2232 הֲרִיסָה (hǎrî·sā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2034; TWOT 516b—LN 20.31–20.60 (pl.) ruins, i.e., what is in a state of complete or nearly complete disrepair (Am 9:11+)

2233 הֲרִיסוּת (hǎrî·sûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2035; TWOT 516c—LN 20.31–20.60 a waste, i.e., the area that is in ruin and destruction, implying a lack of usability and productivity (Isa 49:19+)

2234 הָרָם (hā·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1027;—LN 93-place (loc.) Haram: part of a compound name, Beth Haram, see 1099

הָרֻם (hā·rǔm) BDB: see 2227

2235 הֹרָם (hō·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2036;—LN 93-pers. (male) Horam: king of Gezer (Jos 10:33+)

2236 הַרְמוֹן (hǎr·môn): n.pr. [KB, Lisowsky: unknown; Holladay: LOC.?]; ≡ Str 2038;—LN 93-place (loc.) Harmon: an unidentified place (Am 4:3+), see BHS ftn

הָרַמִּים (hā·rǎm·mîm) BDB: see 812, 8246 (2Ch 22:5)

2237 הָרָן (hā·rān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2039;—LN 93-pers. (male) Haran: 1. brother of Abraham (Ge 11:26, 27,28, 29, 31) 2. see 3060 3. a Levite (1Ch 23:9+) 4. see 3059; also part of a compound name, Beth Haran, see 1100

הֵרֹן (hē·rōn): see 2228

הרס (hrs): see 2238

2238 הָרַס (hā·rǎs): v.; ≡ Str 2040; TWOT 516—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroy, demolish, tear down, break down, i.e., tear down a structure, collection, or mass, with force or violence (Jdg 6:25); (qal pass.) be in ruins (1Ki 18:30+); (nif) destroyed, demolished, in ruins, torn down, broken down (Ps 11:3; Pr 11:11; 24:31; Jer 31:40; 50:15; Eze 30:4; 36:35, 36; 38:20; Joel 1:17+); (piel) demolish, lay waste (Ex 23:24; Isa 49:17+); 2. LN 15.27–15.33 (qal) push through, formally, tear down, i.e., make a linear motion through an area, implying force or lack of authorization (Ex 19:21, 24+); 3. LN 19.34–19.42 (qal) break off, i.e., break an object off a base or source, implying violence (Ps 58:7[EB 6]); 4. LN 87.58–87.75 (qal) oust, push out, i.e., cause one to have lower status by removing from a position of high status (Isa 22:19)

2239 הֶרֶס (hě·rěs): n.pr. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 2041; TWOT 513a, 516a—LN 93-place (loc.) Heres: a place which means “destruction” (Isa 19:18+) (most versions) City of Destruction, see 2238 or; change text to (RSV, NRSV, NAB, NEB, REB, NJB) City of Sun (Heliopolis), see 3064; see also 225, 228; (Tanakh) “Town of Heres”

הֲרִסוּת (hǎri·sûṯ): see 2233

2240 הֲרָרִי (hǎrā·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2043;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Hararite: pertaining to a tribe or an area name (2Sa 23:11, 33; 1Ch 11:34, 35+)

הַרֲרִי (hǎ·rǎrî), הֲרָרִי (hǎrā·rî), הַרֲרִי (hǎ·rǎrî), הֲרָרֶיהָ (hǎrā·rê·hā): see 2215

הַרֲרָם (hǎ·rǎrām): see 2215

2241 הַשַּׁחַר (hǎš·šǎ·ḥǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6890;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hashahar: part of a compound name, Zereth Shahar, see 7680

2242 הַשִּׁטָּה (hǎš·šiṭ·ṭā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1029;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shittah part of a compound name, Beth Shittah, see 1101

2243 הַשִּׁטִּים (hǎš·šiṭ·ṭîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 63;—LN 93-place (loc.) part of a compound name, Abel Hashittim, see 69

2244 הָשֵׁם (hā·šēm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2044;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hashem: father of a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:34+), see also 3826

2245 הַשְׁמָעוּת (hǎš·mā·ʿûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2045; TWOT 2412e—LN 33.189–33.217 message, report, news, formally, causing to hear, i.e., information (positive or negative), often from another geographical area, or even a divine source, which is announced to others (Eze 24:26+), see also domain LN 24.52–24.70

הַשְׁמֵד (hǎš·mēḏ): n.masc.—see 9012 (Isa 14:23)

הַשְׁפוֹת (hǎš·p̄ôṯ), הָשֲׁפוֹת (hā·šǎp̄ôṯ): see 883.5

הִשְׁתִּין (hiš·tîn) BDB: see 8874

2246 הַתַּאֲוָה (hǎt·tǎ·ʾǎwā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6914;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hattaavah: part of a compound name, Kibroth Hattaavah, see also 7701

2247 הִתּוּךְ (hit·tûḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2046; TWOT 1442a—LN 79.7–79.8 melting, i.e., the act. of a solid becoming liquid by application of heat (Eze 22:22+), note: in context the reference is to an object receiving wrath

2248 הִתְחַבְּרוּת (hiṯ·ḥǎb·berûṯ): n.[fem.] [BDB, KB, Lisowsky hitp inf. of 2489]; ≡ Str 2266; TWOT 598—LN 34.42–34.49 alliance, union, i.e., an agreement of association between two persons or governments (Da 11:23+), see also 2489

2249 הִתְיַחֵשׂ (hiṯ·yǎ·ḥēś): n.[masc.] [BDB, KB hitp inf.cs. of 3509]; ≡ Str 3188; TWOT 862a—LN 10.14–10.48 registration, genealogy (1Ch 4:33; 5:1, 7; 7:5, 7, 9, 40; 9:22; 2Ch 12:15; 31:16, 17, 18, 19; Ezr 8:1, 3; Ne 7:5+), see also domain LN 33.35–33.68; note: some place as inf. of 3509

2250 הַתִּיכוֹן (hǎt·tî·ḵôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2694;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hatticon: town on N border (Eze 47:16+)

2251 הֲתָךְ (hǎṯāḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2047;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hathach: attendant of Esther (Est 4:5, 6, 9, 10+)

התל (htl): see 2252

2252 הָתַל (hā·ṯǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2048; TWOT 518—LN 33.387–33.403 (piel) taunt, mock, i.e., speak words of scorn and ridicule, often through use of irony (1Ki 18:27+)

2253 הֲתֻלִים (hǎṯǔ·lîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 2049; TWOT 518a—LN 33.387–33.403 (most versions) mockers, i.e., persons who scorn and ridicule (Job 17:2+) note: (NEB, REB, NAB, WBC17:368) though “mockery” as a concept is possibly the meaning, context favors an image of persons surrounding a person in the center

התת (htt): see 2109 or 2254

2254 הָתַת (hā·ṯǎṯ): v.—see 2109 (poel) (Ps 62:4[EB 3]+)

ו

2255 ו (w): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

2256 וְ־ (w): c.—1. LN 89.92–89.104 and, or, i.e., a marker of a coordinate relation (Ge 1:1); 2. LN 89.92–89.104 also, and, and also, i.e., a marker of an additive relation which is not coordinate (Ge 24:64); 3. LN 89.87–89.89 then, and then, i.e., a marker of a sequence of closely related events (Ge 1:26); 4. LN 89.124–89.138 but, yet, on the other hand, i.e., a marker of contrast (Ge 2:17); 5. LN 91.6–91.12 indeed, i.e., a discourse marker of emphasis (Ps 87:5); 6. LN 89.39–89.54 so that, therefore, i.e., a marker of a result (Am 9:1); 7. LN 89.120–89.122 from, i.e., a marker of dissociation (Dt 1:39); 8. LN 91.15 that is, namely, i.e., a marker of an identification or explanation (Lev 25:33); 9. LN 89.15–89.38 that is why, because, i.e., a marker of cause or reason for a prior statement (Jos 22:26); 10. LN 89.123 with, together with, i.e., a marker of a combinative relation (Dt 2:33); 11. LN 67.17–67.64 when, now, while, i.e., a point of time roughly simultaneous with another point in time (Ge 17:1a); 12. LN 89.92–89.104 unit: וְ־ (w) … וְ־ (w) both … and, i.e., markers of a totality of two closely related elements (Ge 47:13); note: further study may yield more domains

וְ־ (w): adv.—see 2256

־ו (w): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3ms.)—see 2257

־וּ (û): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3ms.)—see 2257

2257 ־ֹו (ō-w): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3ms.)—LN 92.11–92.25 him, his, i.e., reference to a definite person or persons in a given context (Ge 1:27ab)

וָאֲוַצֶאה (wā·ʾǎwǎ·ṣě(ʾ)(h)) Holladay: see 2256 + 3655 hif (Ezr 8:17 v.r.+)

וּבִתְקוֹמְמֶיךָ (û·ḇiṯ·qô·memê·ḵā): see 2256 + 928 + 7756 + 3870, or 9539

2258 וְדָן (weḏān): n.pr. [BDB, KB, Holladay: text?]; ≡ Str 2051;—LN 93-place (loc.) (most versions) Vedan (Eze 27:19+); (NIV, KJV, NKJV) Dan; note: for a cj, see 1967.6

2259 וָהֵב (wā·hēḇ): n.pr. [BDB: ?]; ≡ Str 2052;—LN 93-place (loc.) Waheb: place in Moab (Nu 21:14+), note: see BHS ftn for other text options

2260 וָו (wāw): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2053; TWOT 520—LN 6.14–6.22 fastener, attachment implement such as a hook, peg, pin, i.e., an object for attachment of curtains to base, the exact shape is unknown, though likely hook shaped (Ex 26:32, 37; 27:10, 11, 17; 36:36, 38; 38:10, 11, 12, 17, 19, 28+)

וזר (wzr): see 2261

2261 וָזָר (wā·zār): adj.; ≡ Str 2054; TWOT 521—LN 88.289–88.318 guilty, i.e., pertaining to a person that has violated a standard, implying a moral corruption (Pr 21:8+)

2262 וַיְזָתָא (wǎy·zā·ṯā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2055;—LN 93-pers. (male) Vaizatha: son of Haman (Est 9:9+)

2263 וָלָד (wā·lāḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2056; TWOT 867a—LN 9.41–9.45 child, i.e., the offspring of parent (Ge 11:30+)

2264 וַנְיָה (wǎn·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2057;—LN 93-pers. (male) Vaniah: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:36+)

וָעֶד (wā·ʿěḏ) BDB: see 2256 + 6329

2265 וָפְסִי (wāp̄·sî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2058;—LN 93-pers. (male) Vophsi: of Naphtali, father of an explorer (Nu 13:14+)

2266 וַשְׁנִי (wǎš·nî): n.pr. [BDB, KB, Holladay: text?]; ≡ Str 2059;—LN 93-pers. (male) (KJV, Tanakh) Vashni: (1Ch 6:13[EB 28]+), note: most versions understand the text as 2256 + 9108 “and the second”

2267 וַשְׁתִּי (wǎš·tî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2060;—LN 93-pers. (female) Vashti: queen of King Ahasuerus of Persia (Est 1:9–2:17+ passim)

ז

2268 ז (z): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

2269 I. זְאֵב (zeʾēḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2061; TWOT 522—LN 4.11 wolf, a predatory mammal, related to the dog family Canis lupus, Canis pallipes (Ge 49:27; Isa 11:6; 65:25; Jer 5:6; Eze 22:27; Hab 1:8; Zep 3:3+), note: Jdg 7:25c some place under 2270

2270 II. זְאֵב (zeʾēḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2062;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zeeb: prince of Midian (Jdg 7:25; 8:3; Ps 83:12[EB 11]+), note: Jdg 7:25c some place under 2269

2271 זֹאת (zō(ʾ)ṯ): p. (demonstrative, relative, adv.); ≡ Str 2063; TWOT 528—LN 92.29–92.36 this, these, i.e., a reference to an entity regarded as a part of the discourse (Ge 2:23a), see also 2296, 2297

זָב (zāḇ): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc. of 2307]; ≡ Str 2063; TWOT 528—LN 8.70–8.77 discharge, i.e., fluid which is not urine, expelled through the penis Lev 15:2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 32; 22:4; Nu 5:2; 2Sa 3:29+

זבד (zbd): see 2272

2272 זָבַד (zā·ḇǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 2064; TWOT 524—LN 57.71–57.124 (qal) bestow, endow, i.e., give or present a gift (Ge 30:20+)

זֶבֶד (zě·ḇěḏ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 2273

2273 זֵבֶד (zē·ḇěḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2065; TWOT 524a—LN 57.71–57.124 gift, present, endowment, i.e., the object of what is given by another (Ge 30:20+)

2274 זָבָד (zā·ḇāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2066;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zabad: 1. of Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:36, 37+) 2. of Ephraim (1Ch 7:21+) 3. great warrior for David (1Ch 11:41+) 4. assassin of King Jehoash (2Ch 24:26+), see also 3416(6.), for alt. text, see 3417 5. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:27+) 6. another divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:33+) 7. yet another divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:43+)

2275 זַבְדִּי (zǎḇ·dî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2067;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zabdi: 1. father of Achan (Jos 7:1, 17, 18+), note: for NIV text, see also 2381(4.) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:19+) 3. officer of royal vineyards (1Ch 27:27+) 4. Levite in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 11:17+), see also 2356(5.)

2276 זַבְדִּיאֵל (zǎḇ·dî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2068;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zabdiel: 1. father of officer of David (1Ch 27:2+) 2. priest in the time of Nehemiah (Ne 11:14+)

2277 זְבַדְיָה (zeḇǎḏ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2069;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zebadiah: 1. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:15+) 2. another of Benjamin (1Ch 8:17+) 3. one who joined David at Ziklag (1Ch 12:8[EB 7]+) 4. see also 2278(1.) 5. officer of King David (1Ch 27:7+) 6. see also 2278(2.) 7. see also 2278(3.) 8. returnee from captivity with Ezra (Ezr 8:8+) 9. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:20+)

2278 זְבַדְיָהוּ (zeḇǎḏ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2069;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zebadiahu (Zebadiah NIV): 1. Levite gatekeeper (1Ch 26:2+) 2. an instructor in Torah (2Ch 17:8+) 3. governor in the days of King Jehoshaphat (2Ch 19:11+), see also 2277

זָבָה (zā·ḇā(h)): n.fem. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc. of 2307]; ≡ Str 2069;—LN 23.182 monthly female period Lev 15:19+

זבוד (zbwd) BDB: see 2280

2279 זְבוּב (zeḇûḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2070; TWOT 523a—LN 4.47–4.50 flying insect, fly, with the associative meaning of being an annoying insect, likely any of the double-winged insect family Diptera (Ecc 10:1; Isa 7:18+); also part of a compound name, Baal-Zebub, see 1256

2280 זָבוּד (zā·ḇûḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2071;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zabud: father of a main officer of Solomon (1Ki 4:5+), note: also in Ezr 8:14 K, for Q, see 2346

2281 זְבוּדָּה (zeḇûd·dā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2072;—LN 93-pers. (female) Zebudah: mother of King Jehoiakim (2Ki 23:36 Q+), for K see 2288

זְבוּל (zeḇûl) Lisowsky: see 2292

2282 זְבוּלוּן (zeḇû·lûn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2074; TWOT 526b—LN 93-pers. Zebulun: 1. (male) son of Jacob-Leah (Ge 30:20; 35:23) 2. (tribe) clan descended from 1, (Nu 1:31; 1Ch 6:62[EB 77]), see also 2282.5, 2283

זְבוּלוּן (zeḇû·lûn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2074; TWOT 526b—LN 93-place (loc.) Zebulun: area of Lower Galilee, just N of Jezreel Valley (Jos 19:16, 27, 34; Jdg 12:12; Isa 8:23[EB 9:1]; Eze 48:26, 27), see also 2282

זְבוּלֻן (zeḇû·lǔn) BDB: see 2282, 2282.5

2283 זְבוּלֹנִי (zeḇû·lō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2075;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Zebulunite: pertaining to Zebulun (Nu 26:27; Jdg 12:11, 12+), see also 2282

זבח (zbḥ): see 2284

2284 זָבַח (zā·ḇǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 2076; TWOT 525—1. LN 53.16–53.27 (qal) offer a sacrifice by killing a living thing, as an act. of worship, expiation or propitiation to a deity (Ex 23:18); (piel) (Hos 12:12); 2. LN 20.72 (qal) butcher, i.e., slaughter an animal and dress it out for consumption (1Sa 28:24)

2285 I. זֶבַח (zě·ḇǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2077; TWOT 525a—1. LN 53.16–53.27 sacrifice, i.e., an offering killed and presented as an act. of worship, expiation or propitiation to a deity (Ge 31:54), see also domain LN 20.61–20.88; 2. LN 5.1–5.22 meat, i.e., what is killed for a feast for consumption (Pr 17:1)

2286 II. זֶבַח (zě·ḇǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2078;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zebah: Midianite king (Jdg 8:5–21 passim; Ps 83:12[EB 11]+)

2287 זַבַּי (zǎb·bǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2079;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zabbai: 1. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:28+) 2. father of a wall builder (Ne 3:20 K+), note: for Q see 2347

זבידה (zbydh) BDB: see 2288

2288 זְבִידָה (zeḇî·ḏā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2080;—LN 93-pers. (female) Zebidah: mother of King Jehoiakim (2Ki 23:36 K+), for Q see 2281

2289 זְבִינָא (zeḇî·nā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2081;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zebina: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:43+)

2290 זָבַל (zā·ḇǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2082; TWOT 526—LN 87.4–87.18 (qal) exalt, treat with honor, i.e., raise to a higher status of respect and love (Ge 30:20+)

2291 I. זְבֻל (zeḇǔl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2073, 2083;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zebul: governor of the city of Shechem (Jdg 9:28–41 passim+)

2292 II. זְבֻל (zeḇǔl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2073; TWOT 526a—1. LN 7.2–7.25 magnificent dwelling, lofty dwelling, i.e., an extraordinarily beautiful construction, implying status to the one who dwells in it (1Ki 8:13; 2Ch 6:2; Ps 49:15[EB 14]+); 2. LN 6.112 throne, i.e., a ruler’s chair in heaven, with a focus on the high status of the ruler (Isa 63:15+); 3. LN 1.5–1.16 celestial sky, the place where heavenly bodies reside, i.e., the heavens (Hab 3:11+)

זְבֻלוּן (zeḇǔ·lûn) BDB: see 2282, 2282.5

2293 זָג (zāḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2085; TWOT 527a—LN 3.33–3.46 insignificant part of a grape, i.e., (most versions) fruit peel or (REB) grape stone (Nu 6:4+); (KJV, ASV) husk; (NEB) berry, note: many sources say the meaning is still open to question

זֶד (zěḏ) BDB: see 2294

2294 זֵד (zēḏ): adj. [see also 2294.5]; ≡ Str 2086; TWOT 547a—LN 88.206–88.222 arrogant, proud, haughty, i.e., pertaining to those who are insolent, self-willed and not humble as a moral defect (Jer 43:2; Pr 21:24+)

זֵד (zēḏ): n.masc. [see also 2294]; ≡ Str 2086; TWOT 547a—LN 88.206–88.222 pl. the arrogant, as a class of persons, proud, haughty, self-willed and not humble to the LORD (Ps 19:14[EB 13]; 86:14; 119:21, 51, 69, 78, 85, 122; Isa 13:11; Mal 3:15, 19[EB 4:1]+)

2295 זָדוֹן (zā·ḏôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2087; TWOT 547b—1. LN 88.206–88.222 pride, arrogance, insolence, i.e., the concept of an inflated view of oneself, self-willed and not humble, as a moral failure (Dt 18:22; 1Sa 17:28; Pr 11:2; 13:10; 21:24; Jer 49:16; 50:31, 32; Eze 7:10; Ob 3+); 2. LN 88.192–88.197 contempt, scorn, i.e., a lack of respect (Dt 17:12)

2296 זֶה (zě(h)): p. (demonstrative, relative, adv.); ≡ Str 2088; TWOT 528—LN 92.29–92.36 this, these, i.e., a reference to an entity regarded as a part of the discourse (Ge 15:4), see also 2137, 2138; 2271, 2297

2297 זֹה (zō(h)): p. (demonstrative, relative, adv.); ≡ Str 2090;—LN 92.29–92.36 this, i.e., a reference to an entity regarded as a part of the discourse (Jdg 18:4; 2Sa 11:25; 1Ki 14:5; 2Ki 6:19; Ecc 2:2, 24; 5:15[EB 16],18[EB 19]; 7:23; 9:13; Eze 40:45+), see also 2271, 2296

2298 זָהָב (zā·hāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2091; TWOT 529a—1. LN 2.49 gold, i.e., a precious metal (Ge 2:11); 2. LN 2.49 nugget of gold (Job 28:6); 3. LN 6.197–6.202 golden colored oil (Zec 4:12b); 4. LN 6.68–6.82 gold money, i.e., gold coin as a medium of exchange (Ps 119:72); also part of a compound name, Me-Zahab, see 4771; also Dizahab see 1903

זהם (zhm): see 2299

2299 זָהַם (zā·hǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2092; TWOT 530—LN 88.198–88.205 (piel) find repulsive, be loathsome, to reject an object to the point of hate (Job 33:20+)

2300 זַהַם (zǎ·hǎm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2093;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zaham: son of King Rehoboam (2Ch 11:19+)

I. זהר (zhr): see 2301

II. זהר (zhr): see 2302

2301 I. זָהַר (zā·hǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2094; TWOT 531, 532—LN 87.19–87.57 (hif) be prominent, formally, shine, i.e., have a high status and be respected among celestial beings (Da 12:3+)

2302 II. זָהַר (zā·hǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2094; TWOT 531—LN 33.423–33.425 (nif) warned, take warning (Ps 19:12[EB 11]; Ecc 4:13; 12:12; Eze 3:21b; 33:4, 5,6+); (hif) give warning, dissuade, i.e., tell one of a future happening which is dangerous and having consequences, implying a future event may change in some way based on contingent present behavior (Ex 18:20; 2Ki 6:10; 2Ch 19:10; Eze 3:17, 18,19, 20, 21a; 33:3, 7, 8, 9+), note: in some contexts there may be elements of teaching covenantal truth, see also domain LN 33.224–33.250

2303 זֹהַר (zō·hǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2096; TWOT 531a—LN 14.49 brightness, shining, i.e., have an appearance of light, implying a beauty or splendor (Eze 8:2; Da 12:3+)

2304 זִו (ziw): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2099; TWOT 533—LN 67.163–67.200 (month of calendar) Ziv: the 2nd month of the Canaanite calendar, equal to Babylonian Iyyar, now known as April-May (1Ki 6:1, 37+)

2305 זוֹ (zô): p. (demonstrative, relative, adv.); ≡ Str 2097; TWOT 528—LN 92.29–92.36 this, i.e., a reference to an entity regarded as a part of the discourse (Ps 132:12; Hos 7:16+)

2306 זוּ (zû): p. (demonstrative, relative); ≡ Str 2098; TWOT 528—1. LN 92.29–92.36 this, these, i.e., a reference to an entity regarded as a part of the discourse (Ps 12:8[EB 7]; 62:12[EB 11]; Hab 1:11+); 2. LN 92.27–92.28 which, what, who, the, i.e., a marker of a relative reference to an entity, event, or state (Ex 15:13, 16; Ps 9:16[EB 15]; 10:2; 17:9; 31:5[EB 4]; 32:8; 143:8; Isa 42:24; 43:21+); 3. LN 64 as, just as, i.e., a marker of comparison (Ps 68:29[EB 28]+); 4. LN 83.5–83.8 where, at, here, there, i.e., a marker of reference to a position (Ps 142:4[EB 3]+)

2307 זוּב (zûḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2100; TWOT 534—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) flow, gush out, i.e., the movement of a liquid or mass, often implying a great quantity (Ps 78:20; 105:41; Isa 48:21+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) discharge, i.e., to have fluid come out of the female body (Lev 15:25,33+); 3. LN 59.48–59.61 (qal) abundant, be fruitful, formally, flow, i.e., pertaining to a great quantity of a collection or mass, and so have wealth, as a figurative extension of the flowing or gushing of liquid (Jer 49:4+); 4. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) lose weight, waste away, i.e., lose too much weight off the body, and so also have accompanying feelings of weakness and distress (La 4:9+); 5. LN 59.48–59.61 unit: (qal) זוּב חָלָב וְ־ דְּבַשׁ (zûḇ ḥā·lāḇ w- deḇǎš) very abundant, formally, flowing with milk and honey, i.e., pertaining to very great quantity of a collection or mass, as a figurative extension of a gushing of the by-products of flock and field (Ex 3:8, 17; 13:5; 33:3; Lev 20:24; Nu 13:27; 14:8; 16:13, 14; Dt 6:3; 11:9; 26:9, 15; 27:3; 31:20; Jos 5:6; Jer 11:5; 32:22; Eze 20:6, 15+), note: for the qal ptcp. n.masc. and n.fem. in Lev 15:2ff., see 2271.5; Lev 15:19, see 2278.5

2308 זוֹב (zôḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2101; TWOT 534a—LN 23.142–23.184 body fluid discharge, i.e., an issue of fluid from human adult genitals, male or female, note: in the female as part of the normal menstrual discharge, the male discharge often taken as related to a disease, the clap, Gonorrhea benigna (Lev 15:2–33 passim+)

זוד (zwd) or זוּד (zûḏ): see 2326

2309 זוּזִים (zû·zîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2104;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Zuzite: pertaining to a(n. unknown) Zuz (Ge 14:5+)

2310 זוּחַ (zûaḥ): v. [KB, Holladay]; ≡ Str 2118; TWOT 544—LN 18.12–18.23 (nif impf.) come loose, get out of place, implying a non-linear motion resulting (Ex 28:28; 39:21+), for another parsing, see 2322; see also domain LN 16

2311 זוֹחֵת (zô·ḥēṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2105;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zoheth: of Judah (1Ch 4:20+); also part of a compound name, Ben-Zoheth, see 1209

2312 זָוִית (zā·wîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2106; TWOT 534.1a—1. LN 7.26–7.53 corner of a structure (Zec 9:15+); 2. LN 7.45 corner pillar, i.e., a pillar that is the structural basis for a building and so the tallest, solid, in a palatial room (Ps 144:12+)

זול (zwl): see 2313

2313 זוּל (zûl): v.; ≡ Str 2107; TWOT 538—LN 14.17–14.35 (qal) pour out, i.e., the act. of pouring small solid objects out of a bag, with a focus on the action weighing something in a scale, and implying a lavishness in the action (Isa 46:6+)

2314 זוּלָה (zû·lā(h)): prep. and c.; ≡ Str 2108; TWOT 537a—1. LN 89.124–89.138 except, only, besides, apart from, i.e., a marker of contrast, involving an exception (Dt 1:36; Jos 11:13; Ru 4:4; 1Sa 21:10[EB 9]; 2Ki 24:14; Ps 18:32[EB 31]; Isa 26:13; 45:5, 21; 64:3[EB 4]; Hos 13:4+); 2. LN 58.47–58.53 only, but only, i.e., a marker of the unique, single entity in a class of items (Dt 4:12; 2Sa 7:22; 1Ki 3:18; 12:20; 1Ch 17:20+)

זוֹלֵל (zô·lēl): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc. of 2361]; ≡ Str 2108; TWOT 537a—1. LN 23.1–23.39 glutton, profligate, i.e., one who eats in excess, implying excessive feasting and partying, and engage in excessive and frivolous behavior (Dt 21:20; Pr 23:20, 21; 28:7+); 2. LN 33.374–33.381 unworthy words, i.e., speech which is frivolous, not right, and so foolish talk (Jer 15:19+), note: NIV translates “worthless”

זוֹלֵלָה (zô·lē·lā(h)): adj.fem. [oth qal act.ptcp.fem. of 2361]; ≡ Str 2108; TWOT 537a—LN 87.58–87.75 despised, i.e., pertaining to lacking honor and so have low status (La 1:11+)

2315 זוּן (zûn): v.; ≡ Str 2109; TWOT 539—LN 23.1–23.39 (hof ptcp.) be well-fed (Jer 5:8 K+ BHS), see also 3469; note: (qal impf.) in Job 36:31 cj+, for MT text, see 1906

זוֹנָה (zô·nā(h)): see 2390

זוע (zwʿ): see 2316

2316 זוּעַ (zûaʿ): v.; ≡ Str 2111; TWOT 540—LN 16.6–16.7 (qal) tremble, shake with fear, i.e., a non-linear movement as a basal response to a fearful situation (Est 5:9; Ecc 12:3+); (pilpel ptcp.) make tremble, cause fear (Hab 2:7+)

זועה (zwʿh): see 2317

2317 זְוָעָה (zewā·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2113; TWOT 540a—LN 25.251–25.269 abhorrence, terror, i.e., a state of dread (Isa 28:19+); note: as the K in 2Ch 29:8; Jer 15:4; 24:9; 29:18; 34:17, for Q see 2400

I. זור (zwr): see 2318

II. זור (zwr): see 2319

III. זור (zwr): see 2320

2318 I. זוּר (zûr): v.; ≡ Str 2115, 2116; TWOT 543—1. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) squeeze an object to wring out fluid (Jdg 6:38+); 2. LN 47.8–47.13 (qal) wash, cleanse, i.e., the pressing action on a wound to remove dirt or other things that do not promote healing (assumedly with water) (Isa 1:6+) note: Isa 1:6 some place under 2452; 3. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) crush, trample an egg in a pressing motion of foot, paw or hoof (Job 39:15+); 4. LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) break open, i.e., the relatively non-violent action of an egg being hatched, as a process of birth of a reptile (Isa 59:5+), see also domain LN 19.14–19.26

2319 II. זוּר (zûr): v.; ≡ Str 2114; TWOT 541—1. LN 11.55–11.89 (qal) be a stranger, i.e., not be in the main cultural group in an area, and so be estranged from society (Job 19:13+); (hof) alienated, be a stranger (Ps 69:9[EB 8]+); 2. LN 34.22–34.30 (nif) deserted, astray, turned aside, i.e., pertaining to abandoning an association or relationship (Isa 1:4; Eze 14:5+); 3. LN 39.34–39.41 (qal) go astray, i.e., be in a state of apostasy and rebellion, as an extension of the non-linear motion of turning or pivoting away from an object (Ps 58:4[EB 3]+); 4. LN 68.22–68.33 unit: (qal) לֹא זוּר (lō(ʾ) zûr)2 fulfill, complete, finish to the full, formally, not be estranged, i.e., to finish or complete an event to its conclusion (Ps 78:30+)

2320 III. זוּר (zûr): v.; ≡ Str 2114; TWOT 541—LN 79.45–79.47 (qal pf. 3fs.) stink, i.e., to have an offensive smell, and so be loathsome to the one who smells the stink (Job 19:17+)

2321 זָזָא (zā·zā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2117;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zaza: of Jerahmeel, son of Jonathan 7 (1Ch 2:33+)

זחח (zḥḥ): see 2322

2322 זָחַח (zā·ḥǎḥ): v. [BDB]; ≡ Str 2118; TWOT 544—LN 16 (nif impf.) swing out, i.e., make a non-linear arcing or semi-circular motion, apparently similar to the swing of a door in relation to a frame, clearly implying the device is loose and not attached properly (Ex 28:28; 39:21+), note: for another parsing, see 2310; see also domain LN 18

זחל (zḥl) KB: see 2323, 2324

זחל (zḥl)[1] Holladay: see 2323

זחל (zḥl)[2] Holladay: see 2324

2323 I. זָחַל (zā·ḥǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2119; TWOT 545—LN 15 (qal) glide, slither, i.e., the crawling motion of a snake, or a similar creeping motion of other reptiles (Dt 32:24; Mic 7:17+)

2324 II. זָחַל (zā·ḥǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2119; TWOT 545—LN 25.251–25.269 (qal pf. 1cs.) be afraid, fear (Job 32:6+), note: some relate to 2323 as a gliding motion that implies fear

2325 זֹחֶלֶת (zō·ḥě·lěṯ): n.pr. [BDB: n.fem.]; ≡ Str 2120;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zoheleth: memorial stone place near En Rogel (1Ki 1:9+), note: BDB translates as “serpent” yet still designates as a location

2326 זִיד (zîḏ): v.; ≡ Str 2102; TWOT 547—1. LN 88.126–88.134 (qal) treat arrogantly, be contemptuous, i.e., treat another in bad way, showing no honor or respect for the object (Ex 18:11+); 2. LN 39.34–39.41 (qal) defy, formally, be proud, i.e., be in rebellion against an authority (Jer 50:29+); 3. LN 88.206–88.222 (hif) be arrogant, presume, i.e., have a haughtiness or pride, as a moral failure (Dt 1:43; 18:20; 17:13; Ne 9:10, 16, 29+); 4. LN 46 (hif) cook, boil, seethe, i.e., heat a mass in a container, for consumption (Ge 25:29+); 5. LN 30.56–30.74 (hif) scheme, plan, formally, seethe, i.e., think and plan for a future deliberate action, as a figurative extension of cooking or heating a mass in a container (Ex 21:14+)

2327 זֵידוֹן (zê·ḏôn): adj.; ≡ Str 2121; TWOT 547c—LN 15.187–15.211 raging, torrential, sweeping, i.e., pertaining to the violent, carrying motion of water in a wadi flood or flash flood (Ps 124:5+)

2328 I. זִיז (zîz): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2123; TWOT 535a, 536a—LN 4.1–4.37 wild creatures, i.e., a class of animal (as in contrast to birds as a class); from larger ranging mammals to the smaller rodent-like animals (Ps 50:11; 80:14[EB 13]+), note: others define as a more specific kind of creature, i.e., creatures (including reptiles) that ruin the crops

2329 II. זִיז (zîz): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2123; TWOT 535a—1. LN 8.37 female breast nipple, i.e., teat of a lactating breast (Isa 66:11+); 2. LN 59.48–59.61 unit: זִיז כָּבוֹד (zîz kā·ḇôḏ)1 abundance, formally, nipple of heaviness, i.e., the figurative extension of a child feeding at a mother’s breast to complete satisfaction (Isa 66:11+)

2330 זִיזָא (zî·zā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2124;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ziza: 1. of Simeon (1Ch 4:37+) 2. son of Rehoboam (2Ch 11:20+) 3. a Gershonite Levite (1Ch 23:10) note: for MT text, see 2332

2331 זִיזָה (zî·zā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2125;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zizah (Ziza NIV): Gershonite Levite (1Ch 23:11+), see also 2330(3.)

2332 זִינָא (zî·nā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2126;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zina: Gershonite Levite (1Ch 23:10+), note: for NIV text, see 2330(3.)

2333 זִיעַ (zîaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2127;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zia: of Gad (1Ch 5:13+)

2334 I. זִיף (zîp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2128;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ziph: 1. town in Negev of Judah (Jos 15:24+) 2. town in hill country of Judah (Jos 15:55; 2Ch 11:8+) 3. desert area related to 2. (1Sa 23:14, 15, 24; 26:2+)

2335 II. זִיף (zîp̄): n.pr. [Holladay: loc.?]; ≡ Str 2128;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ziph: 1. son of Caleb (1Ch 2:42+) 2. son of Jehallelel (1Ch 4:16+), note: some relate to 1.

2336 זִיפָה (zî·p̄ā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2129;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ziphah: of Judah (1Ch 4:16+)

2337 זִיפִי (zî·p̄î): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2130;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ziphite: pertaining to Ziph, i.e., inhabitant of hill country of Judah (1Sa 23:19; 26:1; Ps 54:2[EB title]+), see also 2334(2.)

2338 זִיקוֹת (zî·qôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 2131; TWOT 573—LN 6.102–6.105 flaming torches, i.e., an implement used for lighting a path for walking at night (Isa 50:11+), see also 2415, note: for a different text, see BHS ftn

זִיר (zîr) BDB: see 2320

2339 זַיִת (zǎ·yiṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2132; TWOT 548—1. LN 3.2–3.12 olive tree (Dt 28:40); 2. LN 1.95–1.98 olive grove, i.e., a cultivated olive orchard (Ex 23:11; Dt 6:11); 3. LN 3.33–3.46 olive fruit, i.e., the berry as fruit of the cultivated olive tree (Ex 27:20; Dt 24:20)

זַיִת (zǎ·yiṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2132; TWOT 548—LN 93-place (loc.) Mount of Olives: hill and grove just east of the temple mount, across the Kidron Valley (2Sa 15:30; Zec 14:4+)

2340 זֵיתָן (zê·ṯān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2133;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zethan: of Benjamin (1Ch 7:10+)

2341 זַךְ (zǎḵ): adj.; ≡ Str 2134; TWOT 550a—1. LN 88.12–88.23 pure, flawless, i.e., pertaining to an upright and innocent state, free of guilt and in a position of justification (Job 8:6; 11:4; 16:17; 33:9; Pr 16:2; 20:11; 21:8+); 2. LN 79.97–79.99 clear, i.e., pertaining to oil lacking sediment, and so pure or clear in appearance (Ex 27:20; Lev 24:2+); 3. LN 79.97–79.99 pure, i.e., pertaining to a dry substance free from foreign sediment or other impurities (Ex 30:34; Lev 24:7+)

זָךְ (zāḵ) BDB: see 2341

זכה (zkh): see 2342

2342 זָכָה (zā·ḵā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2135; TWOT 549—1. LN 88.24–88.35 (qal) be pure, as a superior moral quality (Job 15:14; 25:4+); (piel) keep pure (Ps 73:13; 119:9; Pr 20:9+); (hitp) make oneself pure, i.e., as the figurative extension of washing (Isa 1:16+); 2. LN 66 (qal) be justified, be acquitted, i.e., be shown to be proper (Ps 51:6[EB 4]+); 3. LN 56.20–56.34 (qal) acquit, i.e., find and proclaim innocent (Mic 6:11+)

2343 זְכוֹכִית (zeḵô·ḵîṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 2137; TWOT 550b—LN 6.188–6.196 glass, i.e., a transparent or translucent processed substance made by heating and cooling silicates (sand), here as an adorning item (Job 28:17+), note: some translate this as “crystal” which is ambiguous as to whether this is a naturally occurring quartz or a finely processed glass

2344 זְכוּר (zeḵûr): adj.; ≡ Str 2138; TWOT 551f—LN 9.24–9.33 pertaining to what is male, male qualities (Ex 23:17; 34:23; Dt 16:16; 20:13+), note: for another parsing, see next

זָכוּר (zā·ḵûr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2138; TWOT 551f—LN 9.24–9.33 (coll.) men, male adult humans (Ex 23:17; 34:23; Dt 16:16; 20:13+), note: for another parsing, see next, note: the editor thinks it reads best as a noun

2345 זָכוּר (zā·ḵûr): adj. [oth qal ptcp.pass.masc.sing. of 2349]; ≡ Str 2138; TWOT 551f—LN 29.6–29.12 remembered, pertaining to a recalling from memory, implying a response from the one remembering (Ps 103:14+)

2346 זַכּוּר (zǎk·kûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2139;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zaccur: 1. of Reuben, father of an explorer (Nu 13:4+) 2. of Simeon (1Ch 4:26+) 3. of Merari (1Ch 24:27+) 4. of Asaph (1Ch 25:2, 10; Ne 12:35+) 5. ancestor of returnees from captivity with Ezra (Ezr 8:14+), note: for K, see 2280 6. wall builder of Jerusalem (Ne 3:2+) 7. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:13[EB 12]+) 8. father of one of Nehemiah’s treasurers (Ne 13:13+)

2347 זַכַּי (zǎk·kǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2140;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zaccai: ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:9; Ne 7:14+), note: also the Q in Ne 3:20, for K see 2287

זכךְ (zkk): see 2348

2348 זָכַךְ (zā·ḵǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 2141; TWOT 550—1. LN 88.24–88.35 (qal) be pure (Job 15:15; 25:5+), note: possibly is “heavens” and “stars” euphemisms for the beings in heaven, or if referring to heavenly bodies, see next entry; 2. LN 14.36–14.52 (qal) be bright, shine, i.e., reflect or give off intense glow (Job 15:15; 25:5+; La 4:7+); 3. LN 47 (hif) clean, i.e., wash hands with soap and water (Job 9:30+)

זכר (zkr): see 2349, 2350

2349 I. זָכַר (zā·ḵǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2142; TWOT 551—1. LN 29.6–29.12 (qal) remember, i.e., to recall information or events (2Ki 9:25); (nif) remembered (Eze 33:13); 2. LN 29.16–29.18 (qal) remember, i.e., to recall information or events, with a focus on responding in an appropriate manner (Ex 6:5); (qal pass.) be remembered (Ps 103:14), see also 2345; (nif) remembered, invoked (Hos 2:19); (hif) mention, remind, cause to remember (Ge 40:14); 3. LN 33.218–33.223 (hif) proclaim, tell, i.e., assert truths about one, as one speaks publicly, implying that this information has been known before (Jer 4:16); 4. LN 65.1–65.16 unit: (nif) לֹא זָכַר (lō(ʾ) zā·ḵǎr)1 worth forgetting, formally, not remember, i.e., have a low value, with a focus that the item is not unforgettable (Job 28:18); note: further study may yield more domains

2350 II. זָכַר (zā·ḵǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2142; TWOT 551—LN 9.24–9.33 (nif) male, i.e., pertaining to being of the male gender (Ex 34:19+), see BHS ftn possibly read as 2351

2351 זָכָר (zā·ḵār): n.masc. [see also 2351.5]; ≡ Str 2145; TWOT 551e—1. LN 9.24–9.33 male, man, i.e., the gender of a species that is not female, with no focus on the age or stage in life (Ge 1:27) note: Ex 34:19 MT read as 2350; 2. LN 9.41–9.45 son, i.e., a male offspring (Lev 12:2, 7; Isa 66:7; Jer 20:15); 3. LN 9.41–9.45 boy, i.e., a male of adolescence or younger age (Nu 31:17); 4. LN 6.96–6.101 unit: צֶלֶם זָכָר (ṣě·lěm zā·ḵār) male idol, i.e., an idol with a relationship to the worshiper as a female, implying an illicite relationship with the “man” idol (Eze 16:17), note: this is not likely a phallic (male genital emphasis) idol here

זָכָר (zā·ḵār): adj. [served by 2351]; ≡ Str 2145; TWOT 551e—LN 9.24–9.33 male, i.e., pertaining to what is a male child (Jer 20:15; Nu 3:40, 43+)

2352 זֵכֶר (zē·ḵěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2143; TWOT 551a—1. LN 29.6–29.12 memory, what is remembered, implying honor (Ex 17:14; Dt 25:19; 32:26; Est 9:28; Job 18:17; Ps 6:6[EB 5]; 9:7[EB 6]; 34:17[EB 16]; 109:15; Pr 10:7; Ecc 9:5; Isa 26:14+); 2. LN 29.6–29.12 remembrance, implying a worship or celebration (Ex 3:15; Ps 111:4; 112:6; 145:7+); 3. LN 28.28–28.56 fame, renown, name of renown, i.e., what is well known, implying status or honor (Ps 30:5[EB 4]; 97:12; 102:13[EB 12]; 135:13; Isa 26:8; Hos 12:6[EB 5]; 14:8[EB 7]+), see also domain LN 87.4–87.18

2353 I. זֶכֶר (zě·ḵěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2144;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zeker: great-uncle of King Saul (1Ch 8:31+), also 2357(4.)

2354 II. זֶכֶר (zě·ḵěr): n.masc.—see 2352 an alt. parsing in Ex 17:14; Dt 25:19; Ps 30:5[EB 4]; 97:12; 111:4; 112:6; 145:7; Pr 10:7; Isa 26:14+

2355 זִכָּרוֹן (zik·kā·rôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2146; TWOT 551b—1. LN 29.6–29.12 memorial, commemoration, i.e., a place or object to remind one of something (Ex 28:29; Jos 4:7); 2. LN 57.125–57.141 inheritance right, formally, memorial, i.e., the right or claim to a possession based on a prior agreement (Ne 2:20), note: NIV translates “historic right”; 3. LN 33.11–33.25 maxim, proverb, by-word, i.e., a brief statement easily remembered (Job 12:13); 4. LN 33.476–33.489 symbol, pagan signs, formally, remembrance, i.e., a non-verbal artifact which conveys information about the relationship of a god to his/her people (Isa 57:8); 5. LN 53.16–53.27 unit: מִנחָה זִכָּרוֹן (min·ḥā(h) zik·kā·rôn) reminder offering (Nu 5:15, 18); 6. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: סֵפֶר הַ־ זִכָּרוֹן (sē·p̄ěr hǎ- zik·kā·rôn) Book of Remembrance, i.e., a written record of historical records (Ex 17:14; Est 6:1; Mal 3:16+)

2356 זִכְרִי (ziḵ·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2147;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zicri: 1. of Levi (Ex 6:21+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:19+) 3. another of Benjamin (1Ch 8:23+) 4. yet another of Benjamin (1Ch 8:27+) 5. Levite in the days of Nehemiah (1Ch 9:15+), see also 2275(4.) 6. another of Levi (1Ch 26:25+) 7. of Reuben (1Ch 27:16+) 8. of Judah (2Ch 17:16+) 9. father of military officer, in the days of Joash of Judah (2Ch 23:1+) 10. one of King Pekah’s men (2Ch 28:7+) 11. of Benjamin, in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 11:9+) 12. priest in Nehemiah’sing. day (Ne 12:17+)

2357 זְכַרְיָה (zeḵǎr·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2148;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zechariah: 1. king of Israel (2Ki 14:29; 15:11+), see also 2358(1.) 2. maternal grandfather of King Hezekiah (2Ki 18:2+), see also 2358(15.) 3. see 2358(2.) 4. great-uncle of King Saul (1Ch 9:37+), see also 2353, see also 2353 5. see 2358(3.) 6. see 2358(4.) 7. see 2358(5.) 8. see 2358(6.) 9. see 2358(7.) 10. a teacher of Torah (2Ch 17:7+) 11. see 2358(8.) 12. see 2358(9.) 13. son of the priest Jehoiada (2Ch 24:20+) 14. see 2358(10.) 15. see 2358(11.) 16. wall builder in the days of King Josiah (2Ch 34:12+) 17. see 2358(12.) 18. see 2358(13.) 19. A gatekeeper who came back from the Babylonian captivity (1Ch 9:21; 15:20; 16:5+), see also 2358(14.) 20. returnee from captivity with Ezra (Ezr 8:3) 21. returnee from captivity with Ezra (Ezr 8:11) 22. one sent by Ezra to Casiphia (Ezr 8:16) 23. divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:26) 24. one who stood with Ezra (Ne 8:4) 25. of Judah (Ne 11:4) 26. another of Judah (Ne 11:5) 27. priest in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 11:12) 28. another priest in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 12:16) 29. priest present at the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem (Ne 12:35) 30. priest present at the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem (Ne 12:41) 31. writing prophet known as one of the twelve minor prophets (Zec 1:1, 7; 7:1, 8) 32. see DBLGrk 2408(2.) 33. see DBLGrk 2408(1.)

2358 זְכַרְיָהוּ (zeḵǎr·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2148; TWOT 551c—LN 93-pers. (male) Zechariahu (Zechariah NIV): 1. king of Israel (2Ki 15:8+), see 2357(1.) 2. of Reuben (1Ch 5:7+) 3. Levite musician in David’s day (1Ch 15:18+) 4. priest who helped transport the Ark of Covenant (1Ch 15:24+) 5. Levite in the time of David (1Ch 24:25+) 6. another Levite in the time of David (1Ch 26:11+) 7. of Manasseh, father of Iddo (1Ch 27:21+) 8. prophet to King Jehoshaphat (2Ch 20:14+) 9. son of King Jehoshaphat (2Ch 21:2+) 10. spiritual instructor of King Uzziah’sing. (2Ch 26:5+) 11. Levite cleansing the temple (2Ch 29:13+) 12. temple officer in the days of King Josiah (2Ch 35:8+) 13. son of Jeberekiah, a witness (Isa 8:2+) 14. gatekeeper returnee from captivity (1Ch 26:2, 14+), see also 2357(19.) 15. maternal grandfather of King Hezekiah (2Ch 29:1+), see also 2357(2.)

זִכָּרֹן (zik·kā·rōn) BDB: see 2355

2359 זֻלּוּת (zǔl·lûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2149; TWOT 554a—LN 88.256–88.261 vileness, what is vile, i.e., what has no worth and is useless, as a moral filth (Ps 12:9[EB 8]+), note: this vileness is implied to be a kind of foolishness

2360 זַלְזַל (zǎl·zǎl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2150; TWOT 553a—LN 3.47–3.59 (pl.) shoots, sprigs, twigs, i.e., the new tender, flexible tendrils of a vine (Isa 18:5+)

זלל (zll) KB, Lisowsky: see 2361, 2362

I. זלל (zll): see 2361

II. זלל (zll): see 2362

2361 I. זָלַל (zā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2151; TWOT 553—1. (qal ptcp. as n.masc. and afem.) see 2314.5, 2314.6; 2. LN 87.58–87.75 (hif) despise, treat contemptibly, treat one with no honor and so may have low status and scorn (La 1:8+)

2362 II. זָלַל (zā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2151; TWOT 553—LN 16.7 (nif) tremble, shake, i.e., the earthquake motion of mountains, implying fear as a figurative extension of an inanimate object having respect for the LORD (Jdg 5:5; Isa 63:19; 64:2[EB 3]+), note: for another interp in Jdg 5:5 (qal), see 5688

2363 זַלְעָפָה (zǎl·ʿā·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2152; TWOT 555a—1. LN 14.63–14.73 scorching, drying, burning, i.e., pertaining to a wind that feels very dry and hot (Ps 11:6+); 2. LN 88.171–88.191 indignation, zeal, i.e., a mild righteous anger, or strong opposition, that may cause a basal response to skin temperature (Ps 119:53+); 3. LN 23.159 fever, have a temperature, i.e., be ill or sickly due to prolonged lack of food (La 5:10+)

2364 זִלְפָּה (zil·pā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2153;—LN 93-pers. (female) Zilpah: mother of Gad and Asher by Jacob (Ge 29:24; 30:9, 10, 12; 35:26; 37:2; 46:18+)

זֻלֻּת (zǔl·lǔṯ) BDB: see 2359

2365 I. זִמָּה (zim·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2154; TWOT 556b—1. LN 88.271–88.282 wickedness, with a focus on behavior that is lewd, shameless in relation to sexual behavior (Lev 18:17; 19:29; 20:14; Jdg 20:6; Job 31:11; Jer 13:27; Eze 16:27–24:13 passim+); 2. LN 30.70–30.74 evil, i.e., a general wickedness with a focus on the thought processes that occur in plotting wickedness (Ps 26:10; 119:150; Pr 10:23; 21:27; 24:9; Isa 32:7; Hos 6:9+); 3. LN 30.56–30.74 plan, i.e., what is thought and intended by a thinking person (Job 17:11+)

2366 II. זִמָּה (zim·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2155;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zimmah: 1. of Levi (1Ch 6:5[EB 20]+) 2. another of Levi (1Ch 6:27[EB 42]+) 3. yet another of Levi (2Ch 29:12+), note: oth same as 1.

2367 זְמוֹרָה (zemô·rā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 2156; TWOT 559b—1. LN 3.47–3.59 vine branch, relatively flexible and not woody part of a vine branch, (Nu 13:23; Isa 17:10; Na 2:3[EB 2]+); 2. LN 3.47–3.59 tree branch, i.e., a part of a tree, of an unknown size (Eze 15:2+); 3. LN 25.187 detestable object to put to the nose: penis, methane gas from humans (breaking wind), (Eze 8:17+); 4. LN 53.44–53.52 unit: זְמוֹרָה אֶל אַף (zemô·rā(h) ʾěl ʾǎp̄)2 worship ritual, i.e., the placing of a branch to the nose in a pagan ritual of dedication or worship (Eze 8:17+), note: see WBC28:145

2368 זַמְזֻמִּים (zǎm·zǔm·mîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2157;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Zamzummite: pertaining to a clan of giants that lived E of the Jordan (Dt 2:20+), note: the origin of the clan name is not clear from the etymology

2369 I. זָמִיר (zā·mîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2158; TWOT 558b—LN 33.109–33.116 song, i.e., a chant or melody sung with the instrument of the voice (2Sa 23:1; Job 35:10; Ps 95:2; 119:54; SS 2:12; Isa 24:16; 25:5+), note: in some contexts the song may be accompanied with instrument, for another interp, see 2370

2370 II. זָמִיר (zā·mîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2159; TWOT 559a—LN 43 pruning, trimming of vines (SS 2:12+), for another interp, see 2369, note: some suggest that the “time of the vintage,” but this meaning is not preferred by the context

2371 זְמִירָה (zemî·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2160;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zemirah: of Benjamin (1Ch 7:8+)

זמם (zmm): see 2372

2372 זָמַם (zā·mǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2161; TWOT 556—1. LN 30.56–30.74 (qal) plan, plot, intend, i.e., to think with the purpose of planning or deciding a course of action (Ge 11:6; Dt 19:19; Ps 31:14[EB 13]; 37:12; Pr 30:32; Jer 51:12; La 2:17+); 2. LN 30.75–30.85 (qal) resolve, decide, choose, determine, i.e., come to a conclusion about an object or event, implying a course of action (Ps 17:3; Jer 4:28; Zec 1:6; 8:14, 15+); 3. LN 30.39–30.52 (qal) consider, look at, i.e., think about the quality of an object, implying an informed decision will be made (Pr 31:16+)

2373 זָמָם (zā·mām): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2162; TWOT 556a—LN 30.56–30.74 a plan, plot, i.e., what is determined (Ps 140:9[EB 8]+)

זְמָם (zemām) Lisowsky: see 2373

זמן (zmn): see 2374

2374 זָמַן (zā·mǎn): v.; ≡ Str 2163; TWOT 557—LN 30.86–30.107 (pual ptcp.) be set, be designated, be appointed or arranged in advance as a selection of some time (Ezr 10:14; Ne 10:35[EB 34]; 13:31+)

2375 זְמָן (zemān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2165; TWOT 557a—LN 67.142–67.162 appointed time, appointed time, set time as an indefinite unit (Ne 2:6; Est 9:27, 31; Ecc 3:1+)

I. זמר (zmr): see 2376

II. זמר (zmr): see 2377

2376 I. זָמַר (zā·mǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2167; TWOT 558—1. LN 33.109–33.116 (piel) sing praises, i.e., praise as an act. of worship to God in a chanting or melody, with the voice as the instrument (2Sa 22:50; Ps 9:3[EB 2]); 2. LN 6.83–6.95 play notes on instrument, i.e., make music (Ps 33:2; 98:4; 144:9; 147:7; 149:3), note: this may be only the accompaniment of an instrument to the main focus of singing words

2377 II. זָמַר (zā·mǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2168; TWOT 559—LN 43 (qal impf. 2ms.) prune vines, i.e., cut away superfluous tendrils from a vine plant (Lev 25:3, 4+); (nif impf.) be pruned (Isa 5:6+)

2378 זֶמֶר (zě·měr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2169; TWOT 560b—LN 4.1–4.37 sheep, i.e., ceremonially clean animal, hence eatable: a split-hoofed, ruminate mammal; (NIV, NASB, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, NJB, NAB, Tanakh) mountain sheep (Dt 14:5+); (NEB, REB) rock goat; (KJV, ASV) chamois; (Holladay, KB3) a kind of gazelle, note: the identification is divided among sources, likely a wild goat or gazelle is in mind

2379 I. זִמְרָה (zim·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2172; TWOT 558a—1. LN 33.109–33.116 singing, song, i.e., a chant or melody expressed through the instrument of the voice, with a focus on the content of the words of the song, also implying that a song is an expression of joy (Ex 15:2; Ps 98:5; 118:14; Isa 12:2; 51:3+); 2. LN 6.83–6.95 instrumental music (Ps 81:3[EB 2]; Am 5:23+), note: BDB, NIV, oth place Ex 15:2; Isa 12:2; Ps 118:14 here as well, see 2380

2380 II. זִמְרָה (zim·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2173; TWOT 560a—1. LN 65.20–65.29 the best products, the choice of harvest or merchandise, so having high value (Ge 43:11+); 2. LN 74 ability, strength, i.e., what is powerful and able (Ex 15:2; Isa 12:2; Ps 118:14), note: taken in context to be a synonym with עֹז (ʿōz), for another interp, see also 2379

2381 I. זִמְרִי (zim·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2174;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zimri: 1. king of Israel (1Ki 16:9–20 passim; 2Ki 9:31+) 2. of Simeon (Nu 25:14+) 3. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:36; 9:42+) 4. ancestor of Achan (1Ch 2:6+), note: for MT text in Jos 7:1, 17, 18 see also 2275(1.)

2382 II. זִמְרִי (zim·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2174;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zimri: an unknown place (Jer 25:25+), note: see BHS ftn for interpretive device to read this as 6520 (for emphasis?), see also WBC26:370 for another textual solution

2383 זִמְרָן (zim·rān): n.pr. [Holladay: gent.]; ≡ Str 2175;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zimran: son of Abraham-Keturah (Ge 25:2; 1Ch 1:32+)

2384 זִמְרָת (zim·rāṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2176; TWOT 558a—see 2379 Ex 15:2; Isa 12:2; Ps 118:4+

2385 זַן (zǎn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2177; TWOT 561—LN 58.21–58.30 kind, sort, genus, i.e., what is distinguishable or comparable from other entities (2Ch 16:14; Ps 144:13+)

זנב (znb): see 2386

2386 זָנַב (zā·nǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2179; TWOT 562—LN 39.47–39.50 (piel) attack from the rear of a moving assembly, cut off or isolate soldiers or persons from the rear position and attack them (Dt 25:18; Jos 10:19+)

זִנֵּב (zin·nēḇ) BDB: see 2386

2387 זָנָב (zā·nāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2180; TWOT 562a—1. LN 8.44 tail, i.e., the very end of snake (Ex 4:4+); 2. LN 8.44 tail, i.e., the long appendage that moves on any animal (Jdg 15:4; Job 40:17+); 3. LN 3.60–3.67 stub of wood, i.e., end part of a partial stick of wood (Isa 7:4+); 4. LN 87.58–87.75 low status, formally, tail, i.e., the figurative extension of being at the end or bottom of a social structure (Dt 28:13, 44; Isa 9:13[EB 14],14[EB 15]; 19:15+)

2388 I. זָנָה (zā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2181; TWOT 563—1. LN 88.271–88.282 (qal) prostitute, i.e., have sex with partner(sing.) to whom one is not married, for bribes, favors, or other kinds of payment (Ge 38:24); (hif) make a prostitute (Lev 19:29+), see also domain LN 57.172–57.177; 2. LN 31.82–31.101 (qal) be unfaithful, formally, act. as a prostitute, i.e., not be faithful to a person or principle, and so be unreliable in behavior, as a figurative extension of sexual promiscuity on the part of a spouse that is in covenanted relationship (Hos 4:12); (hif) act. unfaithful (Ex 34:16; 2Ch 21:11, 13; Hos 4:10, 18, 18; 5:3+); 3. LN 88.271–88.282 (pual) solicit a prostitute, i.e., give an offer to pay or give a “gift” for sexual favors (Eze 16:34+), see also domain LN 57.172–57.177

2389 II. זָנָה (zā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2181; TWOT 563—LN 88.198–88.205 (qal) dislike, despise, loathe, i.e., have a strong feeling of dislike (Jdg 19:2+), note: oth interp as 2388 “unfaithful”

2390 זֹנָה (zō·nā(h)): n.fem. [KB, BDB: qal act.ptcp.fem. of 2388]; ≡ Str 2181, 2185;—1. LN 88.271–88.282 prostitute, harlot, i.e., a person who has sex with partner(sing.) to whom one is not married, for bribes, favors, or other kinds of payment (Ge 34:31), see also domain LN 57.172–57.177; 2. LN 88.271–88.282 prostitution, i.e., the act. or condition of sexual immorality by engaging in sex for bribes, favors, or money (Lev 21:7), see also domain LN 57.172–57.177

2391 I. זָנוֹחַ (zā·nôaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2182;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zanoah: 1. town in the low country of Judah (Jos 15:34; Ne 3:13; 11:30+) 2. town in the hill country of Judah (Jos 15:56+), note: see also 2392

2392 II. זָנוֹחַ (zā·nôaḥ): n.pr. [BDB, KB: loc.]; ≡ Str 2182;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zanoah: son of Mered-Bithiah by Jekuthiel (1Ch 4:18+), note: many relate to 2391(1 or 2) since “father” in context can also mean “founder.”

2393 זְנוּנִים (zenû·nîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2183; TWOT 563a—1. LN 88.271–88.282 prostitution, i.e., the illicit sex act. given in exchange for valuables (Ge 38:24; Eze 23:11, 29+); 2. LN 53.53–53.64 idolatry, formally, prostitution, i.e., the figurative extension of an illicit relationship to a pagan deity (2Ki 9:22; Hos 4:12; 5:4; Na 3:4+); 3. LN 9.41–9.45 unit: יֶלֶד זְנוּנִים (yě·lěḏ zenû·nîm) illegitimate child, formally, offspring of a prostitution (Hos 1:2b+); 4. LN 9.41–9.45 unit: בֵּן זְנוּנִים (bēn zenû·nîm) illegitimate child, formally, son of a prostitution (Hos 2:6+); 5. LN 88.271–88.282 unit: אִשָּׁה זְנוּנִים (ʾiš·šā(h) zenû·nîm) prostitute, formally, woman of prostitution, i.e., a woman who has illicit sex, usually in a quid pro quo (Hos 1:2a+); 6. LN 49 dress of a prostitute, i.e., the make-up, provocative dress, possibly jewelry too as a sign or signal that a woman is in fact a prostitute (Hos 2:4[EB 2]+)

2394 זְנוּת (zenûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2184; TWOT 563b—1. LN 88.271–88.282 prostitution, sexual immorality exchanging service for valuables (Hos 4:11+); 2. LN 31.101 unfaithfulness, i.e., the state or act. of not being faithful or believing in a deity, as a figurative extension of illicit sexual relations (Nu 14:33; Jer 3:2, 9; 13:27; Eze 23:27; 43:7, 9; Hos 6:10+)

I. זנח (znḥ): see 2395

II. זנח (znḥ): see 2396

2395 I. זָנַח (zā·nǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 2186; TWOT 564—LN 79.45–79.47 (hif pf. 3mp.) stink, i.e., become foul-smelling or emit a stench due to stagnation by lack of water movement (Isa 19:6+)

2396 II. זָנַח (zā·nǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 2186; TWOT 564—1. LN 34.31–34.39 (qal) reject, i.e., to not accept a person or thing, implying often a relationship or lack or change thereof (Ps 43:2); (hif) declare rejected (1Ch 28:9; 2Ch 11:4+); 2. LN 15.201 (hif) remove, i.e., take from one place and put in another (2Ch 29:19+); 3. LN 15.215–15.221 throw out (Hos 8:5)

זנק (znq): see 2397

2397 זָנַק (zā·nǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2187; TWOT 566—LN 15.238–15.243 (piel impf. 3ms.) spring out, leap, i.e., a jumping motion (Dt 33:22+), note: possibly implied in this is an attacking motion, see LN 39.47–39.50

2398 זָעָה (zā·ʿā(h)): v.—see 2316 (pilpel ptcp.) (Hab 2:7+)

2399 זֵעָה (zē·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2188; TWOT 857b—1. LN 8.70–8.77 sweat, sweat, fluid of the body to regulate temperature, likely regarded as unclean (Ge 3:19+); 2. LN 42.41–42.50 unit: זֵעָה אַף (zē·ʿā(h) ʾǎp̄)2 heavy work, formally, sweat of the brow, i.e., work, with an emphasis on the extreme amount of toil to be expended in the post-curse time (Ge 3:19+)

זְעָוָה (zeʿā·wā(h)) BDB: see 2400

2400 זַעֲוָה (zǎ·ʿǎwā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2189; TWOT 540a—1. LN 25.251–25.269 a thing of horror, i.e., an object of terror (Dt 28:25+) note: as the Q in 2Ch 29:8; Jer 15:4; 24:9; 29:18; 34:17+, for K see 2317; 2. LN 25.251–25.269 terror, i.e., a state of great fear (Eze 23:46+)

2401 זַעֲוָן (zǎ·ʿǎwān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2190;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zaavan: of Seir (Ge 36:27; 1Ch 1:42+)

זעזע (zʿzʿ) Lisowsky: see 2316

2402 זְעֵיר (zeʿêr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2191; TWOT 571a—1. LN 27.23–27.26 little amount of something, i.e., a small amount of instruction, so ignorant or unlearned (Isa 28:10,13+); 2. LN 67.118–67.135 a little longer, i.e., a duration of time in relation to prior time (Job 36:2+)

זעךְ (zʿk): see 2403

2403 זָעַךְ (zā·ʿǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 2193; TWOT 567—LN 23.109–23.128 (nif pf. 3cp) unit: יוֹם זָעַךְ (yôm zā·ʿǎḵ) be near death, formally, days be extinguished, i.e., to have one’s life cut short (Job 17:1+), note: for another textual variant from MT, see 1980, see also domain LN 14.63–14.73

זעם (zʿm): see 2404

2404 זָעַם (zā·ʿǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2194; TWOT 568—1. LN 88.171–88.191 (qal) express wrath, show fury, i.e., have feelings of displeasure with (but not necessarily out of control passion), justified or unjustified, with a focus on the acts of anger and punishment toward the object of one’s anger (Ps 7:12[EB 11]; Isa 66:14; Da 11:30; Zec 1:12; Mal 1:4+); (qal pass.) state of wrath (Pr 22:14+); (nif) angry (Pr 25:23+), note: oth translate as “accursed,” others, “scolded look”; 2. LN 33.470–33.475 (qal) denounce, curse, i.e., speak words invoking harm toward another, with a focus on the hostility toward him (Nu 23:7, 8; Pr 24:24+); (qal pass.) accursed (Mic 6:10+)

2405 זַעַם (zǎ·ʿǎm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2195; TWOT 568a—1. LN 88.171–88.191 anger, wrath, i.e., a curse that demonstrates extreme indignation (Ps 38:4[EB 3]; 69:25[EB 24]; 78:49; 102:11[EB 10]; Isa 10:5, 25; 13:5; 26:20; 30:27; Jer 10:10; 15:17; 50:25; La 2:6; Eze 21:36[EB 31]; 22:24, 31; Da 8:19; 11:36; Na 1:6; Hab 3:12; Zep 3:8+), see also domain LN 33.470–33.475; 2. LN 33.387–33.403 unit: זַעַם לָשׁוֹן (zǎ·ʿǎm lā·šôn) angry words, formally, curse of the tongue (Hos 7:16+)

זעף (zʿp) KB, Lisowsky: see 2406, 2407

זעף (zʿp)[1] Holladay: see 2406

זעף (zʿp)[2] Holladay: see 2407

2406 I. זָעַף (zā·ʿǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2196; TWOT 569—LN 88.171–88.191 (qal) rage, be angry, i.e., have feelings of displeasure with an object (2Ch 26:19a; Pr 19:3+), note: 2Ch 26:19b, Jnh 1:15, see n.masc. 2408; note: in context this anger shows a lack of control in an appropriate setting

2407 II. זָעַף (zā·ʿǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2196; TWOT 569—1. LN 25.288–25.296 (qal) be dejected, i.e., be in a state of having feelings of discouragement, with a focus that the feelings have affected the appearance of an object (Ge 40:6+); 2. LN 79.9–79.17 (qal) have bad appearance, i.e., pertaining to having an ugly, sickly appearance (Da 1:10+)

2408 זַעַף (zǎ·ʿǎp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2197; TWOT 569a—1. LN 88.171–88.191 rage, wrath, i.e., a very fierce anger (2Ch 16:10; 28:9; Pr 19:12; Isa 30:30; Mic 7:9+) note: 2Ch 26:19b some parse as inf. of 2406; 2. LN 14.4–14.9 unit: יָם זַעַף (yām zǎ·ʿǎp̄) raging ocean storm, i.e., very rough open water, caused by winds blowing (Jnh 1:15+)

2409 זָעֵף (zā·ʿēp̄): adj.; ≡ Str 2198; TWOT 569b—LN 88.171–88.191 angry, raging, i.e., pertaining to a person that has great displeasure that may focus on internal vexation and sullenness (1Ki 20:43; 21:4+)

2410 זָעַק (zā·ʿǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2199; TWOT 570—1. LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) cry out, call out for help, appeal, wail, weep, i.e., make public sounds of physical pain and emotional anguish, with a focus that one may possibly respond to the cry (Ex 2:23); (nif) cry out (2Ch 20:9+); (hif) cry out in agony (Job 35:9+); 2. LN 33.307–33.314 (qal) summon, call to, i.e., tell another to come and gather (Jdg 12:3); (nif) be called, be summoned, be assembled (Jos 8:16; Jdg 6:34, 35; 18:22, 23; 1Sa 14:20+); (hif) summon, cause to gather together (Jdg 4:10, 13; 2Sa 20:4, 5; Zec 6:8+); 3. LN 33.35–33.68 (hif) issue a proclamation, i.e., send out an official written document with instructions or principles (Jnh 3:7+)

2411 זְעָקָה (zeʿā·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2201; TWOT 570a—1. LN 56.4–56.11 an outcry against, shout of accusation (Ge 18:20; Ne 5:6+), see also domain LN 33.307–33.314; 2. LN 25.135–25.145 lament, wail, i.e., make sounds of mourning (Ne 9:9; Est 4:1; 9:31; Job 16:18; Pr 21:13; Isa 15:5, 8; 65:19; Jer 18:22; 20:16; 48:4, 34; 50:46; 51:54+); 3. LN 33.69–33.108 shout, i.e., a loud calling out (Ecc 9:17; Eze 27:28+)

2412 זִפְרוֹן (zip̄·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2202;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ziphron: place on the N border of Canaan (Nu 34:9+)

זִפְרֹן (zip̄·rōn) BDB: see 2412

2413 זֶפֶת (zě·p̄ěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2203; TWOT 572—LN 6.215–6.225 pitch, natural resin, i.e., a substance of nature with the dual properties of both being quite burnable, as well as a water seal (Ex 2:3; Isa 34:9+), note: it is not clear if this is a product from the sap of trees or some other bituminous (coal-like) substance

2414 I. זֵק (zēq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2131; TWOT 573—LN 6.14–6.22 (pl.) bonds, chains, fetters, shackles, i.e., that which binds (Job 36:8; Ps 149:8; Isa 45:14; Na 3:10+) see also 272

2415 II. זֵק (zēq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2131; TWOT 573—LN 6.29–6.40 (pl.) fire-arrows, i.e., arrows with a burning tip (Pr 26:18+), note: NIV, “firebrands” is the translation if the verb is “hurl,” but the context seems to favor “shoot,” and so “fire-arrow,” is the meaning, synonymous with חֵץ (ḥēṣ), see also 2338

זִקִּים (ziq·qîm)[1] Lisowsky: see 272, 2414

זִקִּים (ziq·qîm)[2] Lisowsky: see 2338, 2415

זקן (zqn): see 2416

2416 I. זָקֵן (zā·qēn): v.; ≡ Str 2204; TWOT 574—1. LN 67.99 (qal) be old, i.e., be of an advanced age, well in the later time of life (Ge 18:12; 27:2; Ru 1:12; 1Ki 1:1; Pr 23:22); (hif impf. 3ms.) grow old (Job 14:8+), note: 1Sa 4:18 some place as a, see 2418; 2. LN 9.10 (qal) be old, adult, i.e., to be in a mature part of life not related to being a child (1Sa 8:1); (hif impf. 3ms.) grow mature (Pr 22:6+)

2417 זָקָן (zā·qān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2206; TWOT 574a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 beard, whiskers on the face as a collective whole (Lev 19:27; 21:5; 1Sa 17:35; 21:14[EB 13]; 2Sa 10:4, 5; 1Ch 19:5; Ezr 9:3; Ps 133:2; Isa 7:20; 15:2; Jer 41:5; 48:37+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 chin, i.e., a part of the face (Lev 13:29, 30; 14:9; 2Sa 20:9; Eze 5:1+)

2418 II. זָקֵן (zā·qēn): n.masc. [see also 2418.5]; ≡ Str 2205; TWOT 574b—1. LN 53.77 elder, i.e., a leader in the community that makes religious, social, and leadership decisions (Nu 11:16), see also LN 37.48–37.95; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 dignitary, i.e., a representative of another government (Ge 50:7); 3. LN 9.1–9.23 old person (Zec 8:4)

זָקֵן (zā·qēn): adj. [served by 2418]; ≡ Str 2205; TWOT 574b—1. LN 67.157 old, aged, i.e., pertaining to being advanced in age (Ge 25:8; 35:29); note: 1Sa 4:18 some place as a, see 2418; 2. LN 87.19–87.57 chief, leading, i.e., pertaining to being prominent (Ge 24:2; 2Ki 19:2; Isa 37:2)

2419 זֹקֶן (zō·qěn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2207; TWOT 574c—LN 67.157 old age, i.e., the advanced stage of life, with a focus on the physical frailness often accompanied with this stage (Ge 48:10+)

2420 זִקְנָה (ziq·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2209; TWOT 574d—1. LN 67.157 old age, i.e., the advanced stage of life, with some focus on the physical limitations of that stage of life (Ge 24:36; 1Ki 15:23; Ps 71:9, 18; Isa 46:4+); 2. LN 9.10 time of being an adult, grown up, of a mature age, an undeterminated time when you are definitely no longer a child (1Ki 11:4+)

2421 זְקֻנִים (zeqǔ·nîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 2208; TWOT 574e—LN 9.10 old age, i.e., the advanced stage of life (Ge 21:2, 7; 37:3; 44:20+)

זקף (zqp): see 2422

2422 זָקַף (zā·qǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2210; TWOT 575—LN 87.19–87.57 (qal) lift up, i.e., make a motion of picking up as a figurative extension of honoring or exalting the humble or low of status by raising their status (Ps 145:14; 146:8+), see also domain LN 15.187–15.211

זקק (zqq): see 2423

2423 זָקַק (zā·qǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2212; TWOT 576—1. LN 47 (qal) refine metals, i.e., the process of heating metals in a crucible and skimming impurities, i.e., a process for making metals pure (Job 28:1+), (piel) refine (Mal 3:3+); (pual) be refined (1Ch 28:18; 29:4; Ps 12:7[EB 6]+); 2. LN 47 (pual) fine wine, i.e., pertaining to a process of having wine settled and filtered and so lacking the dregs (Isa 25:6+), see also domain LN 6.197–6.202; 3. LN 47 (qal) distill, filter water as a natural process (Job 36:27+)

2424 זָר (zār): adj. [BDB: qal act.ptcp.act.masc.sing.] [see also 2424.5]; ≡ Str 2214; TWOT 542a—1. LN 88.289–88.318 illegitimate, unauthorized, i.e., pertaining to that which is not allowed according to a standard, so a sin or wrongdoing (Lev 10:1); 2. LN 11.55–11.89 strange, foreign, alien, i.e., pertaining to that which is not of a native group or land, often with an associated meaning of latent or overt hostility (2Ki 19:24); 3. LN 58.36–58.46 other, i.e., pertaining to that which is of a different class or kind compared to a standard group or class (Ex 29:33); 4. LN 83.23–83.32 distant place, formally, foreign place, i.e., a place relatively far from the speaker’s perspective (Jer 18:14); 5. LN 10.14–10.48 illegitimate, formally, foreign, i.e., pertaining to a child born of a mixed marriage (a marriage where one is a native and the spouse is an unauthorized foreigner (Hos 5:7)

זָר (zār): n.masc. [served by 2424]; ≡ Str 2214; TWOT 542a—LN 11.55–11.89 stranger, foreigner, alien, i.e., a person who is not in the same cultural group, usually of a lower status than the native group or nation (Ps 54:5[EB 3])

זָרָה (zā·rā(h)): n.fem. [served by 2424]—see 2424.5 (Pr 5:3, 20; 22:14)

2425 זֵר (zēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2213; TWOT 543a—LN 6.14–6.22 molding, border, i.e., an ornamental band in a construction, with possibly a binding, fastening or framing function (Ex 25:11, 24, 25; 30:3, 4; 37:2, 11, 12, 26, 27+), see also domain LN 18

זרא (zrʾ) Lisowsky: see 2426

2426 זָרָא (zā·rā(ʾ)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 2214; TWOT 542a—LN 23.142–23.184 nausea, i.e., the feeling of stomach sickness, half-digested food and stomach acid in the upper throat and sinus, implying a condition which is a loathsome thing to the sick one (Nu 11:20+), see also domain LN 88.198–88.205

זרב (zrb): see 2427

2427 זָרַב (zā·rǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2215; TWOT 578—1. LN 79.78–79.83 (pual impf.) become dry, i.e., become without water (Job 6:17+); 2. LN 67.163 unit: עֵת זָרַב (ʿēṯ zā·rǎḇ) dry season, i.e., a regular time of the year in which wadi streams dry up (Job 6:17+)

2428 זְרֻבָּבֶל (zerǔb·bā·ḇěl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2216; TWOT 578a—LN 93-pers. (male) Zerubbabel: grandson of King Jehoiachin, later governor of Jerusalem (1Ch 3:19; Ezr 2:2; 3:2, 8; 4:2, 3; Ne 7:7; 12:1, 47; Hag 1:1, 12, 14; 2:2, 4, 21, 23; Zec 4:6, 7, 9, 10+)

2429 זֶרֶד (zě·rěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2218;—LN 93-place (River) Zered: valley that divided Edom and Moab, its stream running into the Dead Sea (Nu 21:12; Dt 2:13,14+)

2430 I. זָרָה (zā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2219; TWOT 579—1. LN 15.135–15.140 (qal) scatter, spread out, i.e., the linear motion of many objects or persons going to many different individual points (Ex 32:20); (qal pass.) scattered (Eze 20:23+); (nif) scattered (Eze 6:8; 36:19+); (piel) scatter (Lev 26:33); (pual) scattered, spread out (Job 18:15; Pr 1:17+), note: some translate Pr 1:17 as “sprinkle grain”; 2. LN 33.256–33.261 (piel) speak, formally, spread, i.e., use speech to proclaim a truth, as a figurative extension of spreading an object over an area (Pr 15:7); 3. LN 43 (piel) winnow, i.e., to use a process to remove husk and chaff from the fruit of cereal grain, with the associative meaning of harming an object as related to the rather vigorous, even violent action on the husks and grain (Pr 20:26); 4. LN 47.14–47.18 (piel) smear, i.e., the application of a moist, smearable substance on an object (Mal 2:3)

2431 II. זָרָה (zā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2219; TWOT 579—LN 28.1–28.16 (piel) know, discern, formally, measure off, gauge, i.e., have clear knowledge of a person or even, as a figurative extension of knowing the dimensions and gauging of an object (Ps 139:3+)

2432 זְרוֹעַ (zerôaʿ): n.fem. occasionally masc.; ≡ Str 2220; TWOT 583a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 arm, i.e., the part of the body from the shoulder joint to the hand or paw (Ge 49:24; Nu 6:19; Isa 40:11), see also 274; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 shoulder, i.e., the upper part of the arm that connects to the main trunk area of a body (2Ki 9:24); 3. LN 76 strength, i.e., that which has potency and ability to accomplish something (1Sa 2:31; Isa 63:12), note: for NIV text at Isa 9:19[EB 20], see 2446; see also domain LN 74; 4. LN 55.7–55.13 army, armed forces, i.e., a military force (Da 11:15, 22, 31)

2433 זֵרוּעַ (zē·rûaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2221; TWOT 582b—1. LN 3.13–3.32 plants, i.e., vegetation that is grown from seeds, as opposed to other propagation techniques (Lev 11:37; Isa 61:11+); 2. LN 3.33–3.46 unit: זֶרַע זֵרוּעַ (zě·rǎʿ zē·rûaʿ) dry seed, formally, seed for sowing (Lev 11:37+)

2434 זַרְזִיף (zǎr·zîp̄): n.[masc.] [oth cf. as verb of 2449]; ≡ Str 2222; TWOT 584a—LN 14.10–14.14 plentiful sprinkling rain, as an natural irrigation for plants (Ps 72:6+)

2435 זַרְזִיר (zǎr·zîr): n.masc. [BDB: adj.]; ≡ Str 2223; TWOT 543b—LN 4.1–4.37 an animal, a mammal that has a confident appearance when walking: (most versions) strutting rooster (Pr 30:31+), note: many other very different animals have been suggested, such as (KJV, NKJV, ASV, Tanakh) greyhound; or a war-horse

זרח (zrḥ): see 2436

2436 זָרַח (zā·rǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 2224; TWOT 580—1. LN 15.101–15.106 (qal) sun rise, dawn, i.e., the ascending motion of the sun beginning in the east, with an associative meaning that light shines (Ge 32:32[EB 31]; Ex 22:2[EB 3]; Dt 33:2; Jdg 9:33; 2Sa 23:4; 2Ki 3:22; Job 9:7; Ps 104:22; 112:4; Ecc 1:5; Isa 58:10; 60:1, 2; Jnh 4:8; Na 3:17; Mal 3:20[EB 4:2]+), see also domain LN 14.36–14.52; 2. LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) appear, become visible, i.e., have a certain outward appearance, as an extension of the act. of a shining light (2Ch 26:19)

2437 I. זֶרַח (zě·rǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2225; TWOT 580a—LN 14.36–14.52 dawn, dawning of light, i.e., the period of the day which marks a new day, with the focus on the light of the dawn (Isa 60:3+)

2438 II. זֶרַח (zě·rǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2226;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zerah: 1. of Esau (Ge 36:13, 17; 1Ch 1:37, 44) 2. another of Esau (Ge 36:33) 3. son of Tamar-Judah (Ge 38:30; 46:12; Nu 26:20; Jos 7:1, 18, 24; 22:20; 1Ch 2:4, 6; 9:6; Ne 11:24+), see also 2439(2.) 4. of Simeon (Nu 26:13; 1Ch 4:24+), see also 2439(1.) and 2438(2.) 5. of Levi (1Ch 6:6[EB 21],26[EB 41]+) 6. Ethiopian invader in Judah (2Ch 14:8[EB 9]+)

2439 זַרְחִי (zǎr·ḥî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2227;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Zerahite: 1. pertaining to Zerah of Simeon (Nu 26:13+), see also 2438(4.) 2. pertaining to Zerah of Tamar-Judah (Nu 26:20; Jos 7:17; 1Ch 27:11, 13+), see 2438(3.)

2440 זְרַחְיָה (zerǎḥ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2228;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zerahiah: 1. of Ezra (1Ch 5:32[EB 6:6]; 6:36[EB 51]; Ezr 7:4+) 2. father of returnee from captivity with Ezra (Ezr 8:4+)

זרם (zrm) KB, Lisowsky: see 2441, 2442

זרם (zrm)[1] Holladay: see 2441

זרם (zrm)[2] Holladay: see 2442

2441 I. זָרַם (zā·rǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2229; TWOT 581—1. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) cease, stop, i.e., to cause a change in the state of being alive (Ps 90:5+); 2. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: זָרַם ־ָם שֵׁנָה (zā·rǎm ā-m šē·nā(h)) death, formally, you cease them of sleep (Ps 90:5+), note: here apparently the “sleep” is referring to the naturally occurring state of rest; see also 2442

2442 II. זָרַם (zā·rǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2229; TWOT 581—1. LN 15.187–15.211 (qal) sweep away as in a flood, i.e., the cleansing motion of a water torrent as a linear movement (Ps 90:5+); 2. LN 23.88–23.128 (qal) unit: זָרַם ־ָם שֵׁנָה (zā·rǎm ā-m šē·nā(h)) death, formally, you sweep them away in sleep (Ps 90:5+), note: here “sleep” is an euphemism for death, note: for same meaning with different idiom, see 2441; 3. LN 14.10–14.14 (poel pf. 3cp) rain heavy, pour down, i.e., the action of a rain storm (Ps 77:18[EB 17]+)

2443 זֶרֶם (zě·rěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2230; TWOT 581a—1. LN 14.17–14.35 rainstorm, violent shower, i.e., a heavy downpour of water from the sky, possibly accompanied by lightning and thunder (Job 24:8; Isa 4:6; 25:4; 30:30; 32:2+); 2. LN 2.13 unit: זֶרֶם בָּרָד (zě·rěm bā·rāḏ) hailstorm, i.e., a downpour of ice-crystals, potentially destructive to agricultural concerns (Isa 28:2a+); 3. LN 14.17–14.35 unit: זֶרֶם מַיִם (zě·rěm mǎ·yim) water torrent, i.e., a destructive path of water caused by heavy rains (Isa 28:2b; Hab 3:10+)

2444 זִרְמָה (zir·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2231; TWOT 581b—1. LN 8 male member of the animal, penis (Eze 23:20+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.215–6.225 phallus, i.e., a representation of a penis apparently as a sexual device (Eze 23:20+), note: since context is using hyperbolic language, this is not as likely a meaning to the text; 3. LN 8.70–8.77 seminal emission of male member of an animal, i.e., an amount of sperm produced (Eze 23:20+)

זרע (zrʿ): see 2445

זְרֹעַ (zerōaʿ) BDB: see 2432

2445 זָרַע (zā·rǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 2232; TWOT 582—1. LN 43 (qal) sow seed, plant seed, i.e., scatter seed over tilled ground (Ge 26:12); (qal pass.) sown (Jer 2:2+); (nif) be sown, be planted (Lev 11:37; Dt 21:4; 29:22[EB 23]; Eze 36:9+); (pual) sown (Isa 40:24+); (hif) yield seed (Ge 1:11, 12+); 2. LN 15.135–15.140 (qal) scatter, spread out, i.e., the linear motion of many objects or persons going to many different individual points (Jdg 9:45; Zec 10:9); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal pass.) shed, come upon, formally, sown, i.e., have an object cover another object as a happening (Ps 97:11); 4. LN 23.46–23.60 (nif) have children (Nu 5:28; Na 1:14+); (hif) become pregnant (Lev 12:2+)

2446 זֶרַע (zě·rǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2233; TWOT 582a—1. LN 3.35 seed, i.e., a kernel part of a plant that propagates the species (Ge 1:11); 2. LN 8.70–8.77 semen, i.e., the product of the male genitals (Lev 15:16); 3. LN 9.41–9.45 child, i.e., one that is the direct offspring (Ge 15:3); 4. LN 10.14–10.48 offspring, descendant, posterity, i.e., one that is related more than one generation removed (Ge 3:15); 5. LN 11.90–11.95 family, clan, i.e., an extended family group based on a common ancestor (Ge 19:32, 34); 6. LN 11.12–11.54 race, i.e., a very extended family line based on many different criteria, with a focus on religious ties (Ezr 9:2); 7. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: יוֹם (yôm) … זֶרַע (zě·rǎʿ) planting time, i.e., a time seed is placed in the ground (Ge 8:22); 8. LN 1.95–1.98 unit: שָׂדֶה זֶרַע (śā·ḏě(h) zě·rǎʿ) a fertile field, i.e., a cultivated field suitable for sowing (Eze 17:5), note: for MT text at Isa 9:19[EB 20], see 2432; 9. LN 23.61–23.65 unit: נָתַן שְׁכֹבֶת לְ־ זֶרַע (nā·ṯǎn šeḵō·ḇěṯ l- zě·rǎʿ) have sexual relations (Lev 18:20); 10. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: שִׁכְבָה זֶרַע (šiḵ·ḇā(h) zě·rǎʿ) have sexual relations (Lev 19:20; Nu 5:13); 11. LN 43 unit: מָשַׁךְ זֶרַע (mā·šǎḵ zě·rǎʿ) planter, i.e., a farm worker that scatters the seed for sowing (Am 9:13)

זֵרֹעַ (zē·rōaʿ) BDB: see 2447

2447 זֵרֹעִים (zē·rō·ʿîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2235; TWOT 582c—LN 5.1–5.22 vegetables, i.e., a class of food that is not meat including grains, with a focus on it being thought of as inferior to other very fine foods, note: see also 2448

2448 זֵרְעֹנִים (zē·reʿō·nîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2235; TWOT 582c—LN 5.1–5.22 vegetables, i.e., a class of food that is not meat including grains, with a focus on it being thought of as inferior to other very fine foods (Da 1:16+), see also 2447

זרף (zrp): see 2449

2449 זָרַף (zā·rǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2222; TWOT 584a—LN 14.10–14.14 (pilpel) sprinkle rain, i.e., irrigate with water by natural, thorough sprinkling action of a mild rain (Ps 72:6+), note: Holladay, BHS ftn cj as imperfect; KB cj as hif impf. 3mp.

I. זרק (zrq): see 2450

II. זרק (zrq): see 2451

2450 I. זָרַק (zā·rǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2236; TWOT 585—1. LN 47.14–47.18 (qal) sprinkle, i.e., lightly toss liquid drops from the tips of the fingers or other implement (Ex 24:6, 8; 29:16, 20; Lev 1:5, 11; 3:2, 8, 13; 7:2, 14; 8:19, 24; 9:12, 18; 17:6; Nu 18:17; 2Ki 16:13, 15; 2Ch 29:22; 30:16; 35:11; Eze 36:25; 43:18+); (pual pf.) be sprinkled on (Nu 19:13, 20+); 2. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) toss, scatter, i.e., throw granules or clumps of dry matter into the air or on an object (Ex 9:8, 10; 2Ch 34:4; Eze 10:2+); 3. LN 47.14–47.18 (qal) sprinkle dust, i.e., apply dust to the head (Job 2:12+); 4. LN 43 (qal) sow, i.e., scatter seed for planting (Isa 28:25+); 5. LN 79.26–79.38 (qal) be spotted, be mixed, i.e., have an appearance of being sprinkled with a color on the hair and so a “salt and pepper” look (Hos 7:9+), see also domain LN 63.9–63.12

2451 II. זָרַק (zā·rǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2236; TWOT 585—LN 13.48–13.68 (qal) slow change, formally, creep or sneak, i.e., have a slow change of state as a figurative extension of making slow, unnoticed linear movement (Hos 7:9+), note: NIV, see 2450; note: some relate to another root, and so translate “shining, bright,” possibly “white,” but context is not served further by this meaning

זרר (zrr) KB: see 2452, 2453

זרר (zrr)[1] Holladay, Lisowsky: see 2452, note: is. switches LN 1 & LN 2

זרר (zrr)[2] Holladay, Lisowsky: see 2453

2452 I. זָרַר (zā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2237; TWOT 586—see 2318 (qal pass.) (Isa 1:6+)

2453 II. זָרַר (zā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2237; TWOT 586—LN 23.185–23.187 (poel impf.) sneeze, i.e., a reflex action of violent, audible passage of air through nose and mouth, with the associative meaning of coming back to life from death (2Ki 4:35+), see also LN 23.88–23.128

2454 זֶרֶשׁ (zě·rěš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2238;—LN 93-pers. (female) Zeresh: wife of the Haman (Est 5:10, 14; 6:13+)

2455 זֶרֶת (zě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2239; TWOT 587—LN 81.25–81.29 a span, breadth of the hand, i.e., a measure of length, one half of a cubit or about 9–11 in. (22cm) (Ex 28:16; 39:9; 1Sa 17:4; Isa 40:12; Eze 43:13+)

2456 זַתּוּא (zǎt·tû(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2240;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zattu: 1. ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel and Ezra (Ezr 2:8; 10:27; Ne 7:13+), note: NIV text adds “Zattu” at Ezr 8:5 2. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:15[EB 14]+)

2457 זֵתָם (zē·ṯām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2241;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zetham: of Levi (1Ch 23:8; 26:22+)

2458 זֵתַר (zē·ṯǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2242;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zethar: eunuch official of King Xerxes (Est 1:10+)

ח

2459 ח (ḥ): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

2460 חֹב (ḥōḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2243; TWOT 589a—1. LN 26 heart, bosom, i.e., a part of the body considered the center of one’s being, as a figurative extension (Job 31:33+), see also domain LN 8.39, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.152–6.187 shirt pocket, i.e., a part of a shirt close to the heart, as a figurative extension of the area close to the bosom (Job 31:33+)

חבא (ḥbʾ): see 2461

2461 חָבָא (ḥā·ḇā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 2244; TWOT 588—1. LN 28.68–28.83 (nif) hidden, hide oneself, i.e., conceal an object or information so it cannot be known (Ge 3:10) 1Ki 22:25; 2Ki 7:12 see 2464; (pual) keep oneself in hiding (Job 24:4+); (hif) hide another (Jos 6:17, 25; 1Ki 18:4, 13; 2Ki 6:29; Isa 49:2+); (hof) hidden away (Isa 42:22+); (hitp) keep oneself hidden (1Sa 13:6); 2. LN 21.17–21.24 (nif) protected, formally, hidden, i.e., keep one safe from danger as a figurative extension of hiding or covering (Job 5:21); 3. LN 16 (nif) move out of way, formally, hide, i.e., make a non-linear motion so as not to be a barrier (Job 29:8); 4. LN 33.117–33.125 (nif) unit: קוֹל חָבָא (qôl ḥā·ḇā(ʾ)) be silent, be quiet, formally, hide the voice, i.e., refrain from speaking (Job 29:10); 5. LN 79.7–79.8 (hitp) hard, firm, formally, hidden, i.e., pertaining to being solid in contrast to liquid or pliable (Job 38:30)

חבב (ḥbb): see 2462

2462 חָבַב (ḥā·ḇǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2245; TWOT 589—LN 25.33–25.58 (qal act. ptcp.) love, i.e., to show acts of love to groups of people, implying association and care for them (Dt 33:3+)

2463 חֹבָב (ḥō·ḇāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2246;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hobab: father-in-law of Moses (Nu 10:29; Jdg 4:11+)

2464 חָבָה (ḥā·ḇā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2247; TWOT 590—LN 28.68–28.83 (qal) hide, i.e., to conceal for the purpose of not making someone or thing known (Isa 26:20); (nif) hide, conceal oneself (Jos 2:16; 1Ki 22:25; 2Ki 7:12; Jer 49:10+), see also 2461

2465 חֻבָּה (ḥǔb·bā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3160;—LN 93-pers. (male) (NIV, NRSV, Tanakh, NJB) Hubbah: of Asher (1Ch 7:34 Q+), note: for K, see 3478

2466 חָבוֹר (ḥā·ḇôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2249;—LN 93-place (River) Habor: river in NE Syria (2Ki 17:6; 18:11; 1Ch 5:26+)

2467 חַבּוּרָה (ḥǎb·bû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2250; TWOT 598g—1. LN 20.12–20.30 wound, bruise, welt, i.e., the object of a damaging blow to the body causing a wound (Ex 21:25; Ps 38:6[EB 5]; Pr 20:30; Isa 1:6; 53:5+); 2. LN 20.12–20.30 injury, i.e., the act. of physically hurting another (Ge 4:23+)

חבט (ḥbṭ): see 2468

2468 חָבַט (ḥā·ḇǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 2251; TWOT 591—1. LN 43 (qal) thresh, i.e., trample grain to remove fruit from the chaff (Jdg 6:11; Ru 2:17; Isa 27:12+); (nif) be threshed, be beaten as a harvest method (Isa 28:27+), see also domain LN 19; 2. LN 43 hit fruit off a tree, i.e., hit olives off a tree as a harvest method (Dt 24:20+), see also domain LN 19

חֻבִּי (ḥǔb·bî): see 2460 (Job 31:33+)

חֲבָיָה (ḥǎḇā·yā(h)), חֲבַיָּה (ḥǎḇǎy·yā(h)), חֳבָיָה (ḥǒḇā·yā(h)) BDB: see 2469

2469 חֳבַיָּה (ḥǒḇǎy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2252;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hobaiah: descendant excluded from the priesthood, by lack of records (Ezr 2:61; Ne 7:63+)

2470 חֶבְיוֹן (ḥěḇ·yôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2253; TWOT 590a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 covering, veil, i.e., a covering that hides (Hab 3:4+); 2. LN 28.68–28.83 unit: שָׁם חֶבְיוֹן עֹז (šām ḥěḇ·yôn ʿōz) place of concealment, formally, there (is) veil of power (Hab 3:4+), note: for textual solutions, see BHS ftn, WBC32:114; note: the meaning of this phrase is difficult to interpret, possibly an ironic statement showing that the LORD’s power manifested is but a small portion of what is available

חבל (ḥbl)[1] Holladay or חבל (ḥbl) [2] KB: see 2471

חבל (ḥbl)[2] Holladay or חבל (ḥbl) [3] KB: see 2472

חבל (ḥbl)[3] Holladay or חבל (ḥbl) [4] KB: see 2473

2471 I. חָבַל (ḥā·ḇǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2254; TWOT 592, 593, 594, 595—LN 57.152–57.171 (qal) require a pledge, demand a security, have surety, i.e., temporarily possess an object belonging to a debtor, as a security for repayment of a loan (Ex 22:25[EB 26]; Dt 24:6,17; Job 22:6; 24:3, 9; Pr 20:16; 27:13; Eze 18:16+); (qal pass.) be taken in pledge (Am 2:8+), note: Pr 13:13 some place under 2472

2472 II. חָבַל (ḥā·ḇǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2254; TWOT 592—1. LN 88.289–88.318 (qal) act. wickedly, offend, i.e., commit a sin (Ne 1:7; Job 34:31+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (piel) destroy, ruin, work havoc (Ecc 5:5[EB 6]; SS 2:15; Isa 13:5; 32:7; 54:16; Mic 2:10+); (pual) be broken (Isa 10:27+); 3. LN 22.15–22.20 (nif) go badly, i.e., have trouble or unfavorable circumstances (Pr 13:13+), note: some place under 2471; 4. LN 25.288–25.296 (pual) be broken, i.e., to have feelings of discouragement (Job 17:1+)

2473 III. חָבַל (ḥā·ḇǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2254; TWOT 592—1. LN 23.46–23.60 (piel) be pregnant, be in labor, i.e., be in the gestation period ranging possibly from the time of conception, to the time the baby leaves the womb (SS 8:5+); 2. LN 13.69–13.103 exist, formally, pregnant, i.e., have a state exist as a figurative extension of new life in a mother’s womb (Ps 7:15[EB 14]+)

2474 I. חֶבֶל (ḥě·ḇěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2256; TWOT 592b, 595a—LN 11.12–11.54 procession, company, i.e., group proceeding in a joyful, somewhat boisterous religious parade (1Sa 10:5, 10+)

2475 II. חֶבֶל (ḥě·ḇěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2256; TWOT 592b—1. LN 6.14–6.22 rope, cord, line, i.e., implement used for binding in various contexts (Jos 2:15); 2. LN 1.79–1.81 region, district, i.e., a relatively large area of land (Dt 3:4); 3. LN 57.125–57.141 share, portion, i.e., what is inherited (Dt 32:9; 1Ch 16:18) note: NIV Jos 19:29; Jdg, see also 4676.5, 4699; 4. LN 6.23–6.25 noose, i.e., a trapping device for capturing animals (Job 18:10); 5. LN 6.41–6.51 rigging, i.e., cords and lines used in sail boats (Isa 33:23); 6. LN 80.5–80.7 boundary, i.e., the end or limit of a fixed area (Zep 2:5); 7. LN 6.213–6.214 measuring line (2Sa 8:2; Zec 2:5[EB 2:1]); 8. LN 30.86–30.107 fate, i.e., what is a decision of God, implying a choice (Job 21:17), note: oth see 2476; 9. LN 1.46–1.50 mountain, i.e., an elevated area (Pr 23:34 cj+), note: for MT text, see 2479

2476 III. חֶבֶל (ḥě·ḇěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2256; TWOT 592b—LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, ruin, i.e., what is destroyed (Mic 2:10+); note: in Job 21:17, NIV see 2475

2477 חֵבֶל (ḥē·ḇěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2256; TWOT 592b—1. LN 23.46–23.60 labor pains, i.e., a very intense pain in childbirth (Job 39:3; Isa 26:17; 66:7; Hos 13:13+); note: in Job 39:3, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 9.41–9.45 fetus, pre-born baby, i.e., a fetus fully developed and ready for birthing note: translate “the fetus is sent forth” (Job 39:3+); 3. LN 24.77–24.94 anguish, pain, i.e., a general pain as a figurative extension of labor pains (Isa 13:8; Jer 13:21; 22:23; 49:24+)

2478 חֲבֹל (ḥǎḇōl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2258; TWOT 593a—LN 57.209–57.218 pledge for a loan, collateral, i.e., what is of value to a lender as a guarantee of a loan (Eze 18:12, 16; 33:15+)

2479 חִבֵּל (ḥib·bēl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2260; TWOT 592d—LN 6.41–6.51 ship’s mast, i.e., a slender vertical post on a ship to hold the main sail, the top of which (crow’sing. nest) would move in an exaggerated back and forth motion by the action of the waves (Pr 23:34+), note: for differing textual solutions, see BHS ftn, see also Anchor Bible, Proverbs, pg 142; Holladay, cj as place, see 2475; note: the context allows that this may be some other part of a boat’sing. rigging like the ropes, sails, etc.

2480 חֹבֵל (ḥō·ḇēl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2259; TWOT 592c—1. LN 54 seaman, sailor, i.e., a mariner as an expert manipulating sails and rigging on a sailing ship (Eze 27:8, 27, 28, 29+); 2. LN 54 unit: רַב הַ־ חֹבֵל (rǎḇ hǎ- ḥō·ḇēl) captain of a sailing ship, head of the sailors on a ship, possibly the owner (Jnh 1:6+)

2481 חֲבֹלָה (ḥǎḇō·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2258; TWOT 593a—LN 57.209–57.218 pledge for a loan, collateral, i.e., what is of value to a lender as a guarantee of a loan (Eze 18:7+)

2482 חֹבְלִים (ḥō·ḇelîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2256; TWOT 592b—LN 63.1–63.4 pl. Union, i.e., the concept of unity, oneness, and reunification as one to a socially and politically divided kingdom (Zec 11:7, 14+), note: this is the symbolic name of a staff in an allegory

2483 חֲבַצֶּלֶת (ḥǎḇǎṣ·ṣě·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2261; TWOT 596.1—LN 3.13–3.32 lovely flowering plant: (KB, Holladay, REB) asphodel lily, a flowering perennial herb, with long erect racemes (a particular flower stem arrangement) Asphodelus; (SS 2:1; Isa 35:1+); BDB meadow-saffron or autumn crocus colchicum autumnale; (most versions) rose; (NAB) flower

2484 חֲבַצִּנְיָה (ḥǎḇǎṣ·ṣin·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2262;—LN 93-pers. (male) Habazziniah: of Recab (Jer 35:3+)

חבק (ḥbq): see 2485

2485 חָבַק (ḥā·ḇǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2263; TWOT 597—1. LN 34.62–34.65 (qal) hold in one’s arms, embrace, i.e., show close association and affection (2Ki 4:16; Ecc 3:5a+); (piel) embrace, hug (Ge 29:13; 33:4; 48:10; Job 24:8; Pr 4:8; 5:20; Ecc 3:5b; SS 2:6; 8:3+), see also LN 18.1–18.11; 2. LN 16 (qal) fold, i.e., the non-linear motion of holding one’s own hand with the other hand, a position of inactivity and rest (Ecc 4:5+); 3. LN 17.26–17.28 (piel) lie, formally, hug, i.e., be in a low stance or position, as a figurative extension of embracing or hugging an object (La 4:5+)

2486 חִבֻּק (ḥib·bǔq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2264; TWOT 597a—LN 18.1–18.11 folding, clasping, i.e., embracing one’s own hands together (possibly fingers in fingers), implying inactivity and the position of one’sing. hands in a state of sleep or rest (Pr 6:10; 24:33+)

2487 חֲבַקּוּק (ḥǎḇǎq·qûq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2265;—LN 93-pers. (male) Habakkuk: writing prophet (Hab 1:1; 3:1+)

I. חבר (ḥbr): see 2488

II. חבר (ḥbr): see 2489

2488 I. חָבַר (ḥā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2266; TWOT 598—LN 33.26–33.34 (hif) make fine, cause to be pretty, formally, brilliant or colorful, i.e., pertaining to oration which is convincing or pleasing to hear (Job 16:4+)

2489 II. חָבַר (ḥā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2266; TWOT 598—1. LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) join, i.e., fasten objects together by various means (Ex 26:3; 28:7a; 39:4a+); (qal pass.) be joined (Hos 4:17+); (piel) fasten, join (Ex 26:6, 9, 11; 36:10,13, 16, 18+); (pual) fastened, joined (Ex 28:7b; 39:4b; Ps 122:3+); 2. LN 34.22–34.30 (qal) join forces, i.e., make an association (Ge 14:3; Ps 94:20+); (piel) agree (2Ch 20:36+); (hitp) make an alliance, become allies (2Ch 20:35, 37; Da 11:6, 23+), note: Da 11:23+, some parse as n. of 2248; 3. LN 24.73–24.76 (qal) touch, formally, join, i.e., have two objects come in contact with each other (Eze 1:9, 11+); 4. LN 53.96–53.101 (qal) cast spells, enchant, formally, attach, i.e., to practice magic to manipulate one’s environment or future (Dt 18:11; Ps 58:6[EB 5]+); 5. LN 83.9–83.17 (pual) among, formally, joined, i.e., pertaining to being in a place in proximity to other related objects (Ecc 9:4+)

חֵבֶר (ḥē·ḇěr) BDB: see 2491

2490 I. חֶבֶר (ḥě·ḇěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2267; TWOT 598a—1. LN 85.1–85.31 sharing, i.e., be together in a space, with a focus on being associated together day to day in a space in marital co-habitation (Pr 21:9; 25:24+), see also domain LN 34.66–34.78; 2. LN 11.12–11.54 band, group, i.e., a relatively small religious group acting as a gang of bandits (Hos 6:9+); 3. LN 53.96–53.101 magic spell, incantation, i.e., an illicit religious charm to invoke power(sing.) either verbal or possibly by actions like tying magic knots (Dt 18:11; Ps 58:6[EB 5]; Isa 47:9, 12+); 4. LN 53.96–53.101 unit: חָבַר חֶבֶר (ḥā·ḇǎr ḥě·ḇěr)1 enchanter, i.e., one who makes and invokes illicite incantations of various kinds(Dt 18:11; Ps 58:6[EB 5]+)

2491 II. חֶבֶר (ḥě·ḇěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2268;—LN 93-pers. (male) Heber: 1. grandson of Aher (Ge 46:17; Nu 26:45; 1Ch 7:31, 32+) 2. husband of the Jael (Jdg 4:11; 4:17,21; 5:24+) 3. of Judah and Caleb (1Ch 4:18+) 4. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:17+), see also 2499

2492 חָבֵר (ḥā·ḇēr): n.masc. [see also 2492.5]; ≡ Str 2270; TWOT 598c—1. LN 34.1–34.21 associate, i.e., one in close association as a companion, partner, or friend, with a focus on the elements that one has in common with the others in the association (Ps 45:8[EB 7]; 119:63; Pr 28:24; Ecc 4:10; SS 1:7; 8:13; Isa 1:23; Eze 37:16,19+); 2. LN 58.21–58.30 kind or type of entity, i.e., of a particular nature (Isa 44:11+)

חָבֵר (ḥā·ḇēr): adj. [served by 2492]; ≡ Str 2270; TWOT 598c—LN 34.1–34.21 united, associated, i.e., pertaining to having a very close association based on a common goal (Jdg 20:11+)

2493 חַבָּר (ḥǎb·bār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2271; TWOT 598f—LN 57.189–57.208 trader, merchant that barters buying and selling goods, as a class of persons in a profession (Job 40:30[EB 41:6]+)

חֲבַרְבֻּרָה (ḥǎḇǎr·bǔ·rā(h)) BDB: see 2494

2494 חֲבַרְבֻּרוֹת (ḥǎḇǎr·bǔ·rôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 2272; TWOT 598h—LN 79.57–79.59 (most versions) spots, skin-specks of color on a leopard (Jer 13:23+), note: though BDB suggests this may be the stripes on a tiger, context favors a meaning of pigmentation, so “spot.”

2495 חֶבְרָה (ḥěḇ·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2274; TWOT 598b—LN 34.1–34.21 company, association with certain classes of persons (Job 34:8+)

חַבֻּרָה (ḥǎb·bǔ·rā(h)), חַבֻרָה (ḥǎ·ḇǔ·rā(h)): see 2467 (Ge 4:23; Pr 20:30); (Isa 53:5)

2496 I. חֶבְרוֹן (ḥěḇ·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2275, 5683;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hebron: city SW of Jerusalem, (Ge 13:18; 23:2), see also 7957, 7959; note: other sources locate as

2497 II. חֶבְרוֹן (ḥěḇ·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2275; TWOT 598i—LN 93-pers. (male) Hebron: 1. son of Kohath and an uncle of Moses (Ex 6:18; Nu 3:19; 1Ch 5:28[EB 6:2]; 6:3[EB 18]; 15:9; 23:12, 19; 24:23+) 2. of Judah and of (a lesser known) Caleb (1Ch 2:42, 43+)

2498 חֶבְרוֹנִי (ḥěḇ·rô·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2276;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Hebronite: pertaining to Hebron (Nu 3:27; Nu 26:58; 1Ch 26:23, 30, 31+), see also 2497(1.)

2499 חֶבְרִי (ḥěḇ·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2277;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Heberite: pertaining to Heber (Nu 26:45+), see also 2491

חֶבְרֹנִי (ḥěḇ·rō·nî) BDB: see 2498 (Nu 3:27; Nu 26:58+)

2500 חֲבֶרֶת (ḥǎḇě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2278; TWOT 598d—LN 10.53–10.61 marriage partner, consort, marital spouse, i.e., the other member in a marriage (Mal 2:14+)

2501 חֹבֶרֶת (ḥō·ḇě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2279; TWOT 598e—LN 63.1–63.4 set of curtains, series of curtains, i.e., many curtains gathered together as a single set, with an emphasis on the nature of the items as a whole (Ex 26:4, 10; 36:17+), see also domain LN 6.152–6.187

חֲבֻרָתוֹ (ḥǎḇǔ·rā·ṯô) BDB: see 2467 (Isa 53:5+)

חבשׁ (ḥbš): see 2502

2502 חָבַשׁ (ḥā·ḇǎš): v. [see also 2502.5]; ≡ Str 2280; TWOT 599—1. LN 44 (qal) saddle, i.e., place a riding or packing seat on a beast of burden (Ge 22:3); (qal pass.) be saddled (Jdg 19:10; 2Sa 16:1+); 2. LN 16 (qal pass.) twisted, i.e., pertaining to the tightly-wrapped shape of an object (Eze 27:24+); 3. LN 79.118–79.119 (qal) bind, wrap, i.e., to enclose an object or a part of the object (Job 5:18); (qal pass.) wrapped around (Jnh 2:6[EB 5]+); (piel) bind up (Ps 147:3+), note: for MT text in Job 28:11, see 2924; (pual) be bound up, be bandaged (Isa 1:6; Eze 30:21a+), see also LN 18; 4. LN 37.48–37.95 (qal) govern, formally, bind up, i.e., rule over others as a figurative extension of binding up (controlling?) an object (Job 34:17); 5. LN 25.146–25.155 (qal) encourage, formally, bind up, i.e., speak words which hearten and enliven one’s feelings and attitudes, as a figurative extension of bandaging up a wound (Isa 61:1+); 6. LN 49 (qal) dress, formally, wrap, i.e., place clothing upon an object (Eze 16:10)

חֹבֵשׁ (ḥō·ḇēš): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc. of 2502]; ≡ Str 2280; TWOT 599—LN 23.129–23.141 remedy, i.e., medicine or procedures which promote healing (Isa 3:7+), note: some translate as “surgeon,” as one who binds wounds and heals

2503 חֲבִתִּים (ḥǎḇit·tîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 2281; TWOT 600a—LN 5.1–5.22 pan bread, i.e., a flat bread baked in pans (1Ch 9:31+)

2504 חַג (ḥǎḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2282; TWOT 602a—1. LN 51 religious feast, holy festival (Ex 10:9; 23:15); 2. LN 15.165–15.186 festal procession (Ps 118:27), see also LN 51, note: some interp this as a festival sacrifice, see domain LN 53.16–53.27

חָג (ḥāḡ) Lisowsky: see 2504

2505 חָגָּא (ḥāg·gā(ʾ)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 2283; TWOT 602b—LN 25.223–25.250 terror, i.e., a state of great fear, with an implication of confusion (Isa 19:17+)

2506 I. חָגָב (ḥā·ḡāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2284; TWOT 601a—LN 4.47–4.50 locust, i.e., ceremonially clean insect, so eatable: a locust of an unknown species (Lev 11:22; Nu 13:33; 2Ch 7:13; Ecc 12:5; Isa 40:22+), note: (most versions) grasshopper; (NAB) a kind of cricket; (NEB, REB) desert locust; Hagab locust

2507 II. חָגָב (ḥā·ḡāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2285;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hagab: ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:46+)

2508 חֲגָבָא (ḥǎḡā·ḇā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2286;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hagaba: ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ne 7:48+), note: a v.l. of 2509

2509 חֲגָבָה (ḥǎḡā·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2286;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hagabah: ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:45; Ne 7:48+), see also 2508

חגג (ḥgg): see 2510

2510 חָגַג (ḥā·ḡǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 2287; TWOT 602—1. LN 51 (qal) hold a festival, celebrate a festival, i.e., make a pilgrimage to a holy place to worship, in a festive atmosphere (Ex 5:1; 12:14; 23:14; Lev 23:39, 41; Nu 29:12; Dt 16:15; Ps 42:5[EB 4]; Na 2:1[EB 1:15]; Zec 14:16, 18, 19+); 2. LN 16 reel, i.e., a non-linear motion of staggering and tottering as a drunk person (Ps 107:27+); 3. LN 88.283–88.288 revel, i.e., have a party and celebration, but not a religious festival, with some implication of intoxicating drink at the party (1Sa 30:16+), see also domain LN 51

2511 חָגוּ (ḥā·ḡû): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2288; TWOT 603a—LN 1.46–1.50 Pl clefts, crevices of a rock, in the side of an elevated area, with the associative meaning of an area that is easy to conceal oneself in (SS 2:14; Jer 49:16; Ob 3+)

2512 חֲגוֹר (ḥǎḡôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2290; TWOT 604a, 604c—1. LN 6.29–6.40 utility belt, i.e., a belt used to hold implements of war such as swords and daggers, likely made of leather (1Sa 18:4; 2Sa 20:8+); 2. LN 6.152–6.187 sash, i.e., an ornamental band around the waist, likely made of some precious cloth (Pr 31:24+)

2513 חָגוֹר (ḥā·ḡôr): adj.; ≡ Str 2289; TWOT 604b—LN 49 belted, i.e., pertaining to being girded around the waist (Eze 23:15+)

2514 חֲגוֹרָה (ḥǎḡô·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2290; TWOT 604a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 covering, i.e., a garment made of plant leaves (Ge 3:7+), note: the amount of skin covered is not known, but at least the private parts of the body; 2. LN 6.29–6.40 leather belt, used to hold implements of war (2Sa 18:11; 1Ki 2:5; 2Ki 3:21+); 3. LN 6.152–6.187 sash, i.e., an ornamental band around the waist, likely made of some precious cloth (Isa 3:24+); 4. LN 55.2–55.6 unit: חָגַר חֲגוֹרָה (ḥā·ḡǎr ḥǎḡô·rā(h)) be of fighting age, formally, gird up a belt (2Ki 3:21+)

2515 חַגִּי (ḥǎg·gî): n.pr. [see also 2515.5]; ≡ Str 2291;—LN 93-pers. (male) Haggi: of Gad (Ge 46:16; Nu 26:15a+), see also 2515.5

חַגִּי (ḥǎg·gî): n.pr. [served by 2515]; ≡ Str 2291;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Haggite: pertaining to Haggi (Nu 26:15b+), see also 2515

2516 חַגַּי (ḥǎg·gǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2292;—LN 93-pers. (male) Haggai: prophet (Hag 1:1–2:20 passim)

2517 חַגִּיָּה (ḥǎg·giy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2293;—LN 93-pers. (male) Haggiah: of Levi (1Ch 6:15[EB 30]+)

2518 חַגִּית (ḥǎg·gîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2294;—LN 93-pers. (female) Haggith: wife of David and mother of Adonijah (2Sa 3:4; 1Ki 1:5, 11; 2:13; 1Ch 3:2+)

2519 חָגְלָה (ḥāḡ·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2295;—LN 93-pers. (female) Hoglah: of Manasseh, daughter of Zelophehad (Nu 26:33; 27:1; 36:11; Jos 17:3+); also part of a compound name, Beth Hoglah, see 1102

חגר (ḥgr): see 2520

2520 חָגַר (ḥā·ḡǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2296; TWOT 604—1. LN 49 (qal) tie, fasten, strap on, gird, i.e., dress oneself or another by fastening and wrapping clothes or implements to the body (Ex 29:9); (qal pass.) wear, girded, tucked in (1Sa 2:18); 2. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) exist, formally, clothed, i.e., have a condition or state exist as a figurative extension of wearing clothing (Ps 65:13[EB 12]); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) be restrained, formally, tied up, i.e., have something not happen by hindering or restraining, as a figurative extension of binding and so controlling an object (Ps 76:11[EB 10]); 4. LN 55.2–55.6 unit: חָגַר חֲגוֹרָה (ḥā·ḡǎr ḥǎḡô·rā(h)) be of fighting age, formally, gird up a belt (2Ki 3:21+); 5. LN 49 unit: חָגַר מָתְנַיִם (ḥā·ḡǎr māṯ·nǎ·yim) prepare for movement, formally, tuck in the loins, i.e., tuck the end of a tunic into the belt and so be prepared to walk, run, or work (Ex 12:11; 2Ki 4:29; 2Ki 9:1; Pr 31:17+), see also LN 42; note: for NIV text in 2Sa 22:46, see 3004

חֲגֹר (ḥǎḡōr): see 2512 1Sa 18:4+

חֲגֹרָה (ḥǎḡō·rā(h)): see 2514

2521 I. חַד (ḥǎḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 2299; TWOT 605a—LN 79.95–79.96 sharp, i.e., pertaining to the cutting and piercing ability of a sword, with the associative meaning of being able to hurt and destroy other persons (Ps 57:5[EB 4]; Pr 5:4; Isa 49:2; Eze 5:1+)

2522 II. חַד (ḥǎḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 2297; TWOT 61—1. LN 92.22 one, i.e., a reference to a single indefinite person (Eze 33:30+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 92.26 unit: חַד אֵת אַחַד (ḥǎḏ ʾēṯ ʾǎ·ḥǎḏ) each other, formally, one to another one, i.e., as a reciprocal reference (Eze 33:30+), cf. 285

חדד (ḥdd): see 2523

2523 חָדַד (ḥā·ḏǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 2300; TWOT 605—1. LN 20.1–20.11 (qal) be fierce, i.e., be violent and harmful and destroying to others (Hab 1:8+); 2. LN 79.95–79.96 (hof) sharpened, i.e., pertaining to having a thin, cutting edge (Eze 21:14[EB 9],15[EB 10],16[EB 11]+); 3. LN 19.14–19.26 (hitp) slash, i.e., to cut with a sharp implement (Eze 21:21[EB 16]+), note: Eze 21:21[EB 16], for MT text, see 284; note: for an alt. lex. form, see 2527

2524 חֲדַד (ḥǎḏǎḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2301;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hadad: son of Ishmael (Ge 25:15; 1Ch 1:30+)

חדה (ḥdh) KB, Lisowsky: see 2525, 2526, 2527

חדה (ḥdh)[1] Holladay: see 2525, 2526, 2527

חדה (ḥdh)[2] Holladay: see 2525, 2526, 2527

2525 I. חָדָה (ḥā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2302; TWOT 607—LN 25.116–25.134 (qal) be delighted, rejoice, i.e., have feelings of joy and happiness, so be in a cheerful mood (Ex 18:9+); (piel) make glad (Ps 21:7[EB 6]+), note: Job 3:6+, for another interp, see 2526

2526 II. חָדָה (ḥā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2302; TWOT 607—LN 59.72–59.76 (nif) be included, i.e., pertaining to adding to the quantity of an entity (Job 3:6+), for another interp, see 2525

2527 III. חָדָה (ḥā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2300; TWOT 605—LN 79.95–79.96 (qal) sharpen, i.e., place a thin cutting edge on an object (Pr 27:17a+); (hif) cause to sharpen (Pr 27:17b+), note: the second may refer to the sharpening of perceptions or lifestyle, so referring to a kind of urging or teaching; note: for an alt. lex form, see 2523

2528 חַדָּה (ḥǎd·dā(h)): n.pr.—LN 93-place (loc.) Haddah: part of a compound name, En Haddah, see 6532

2529 חַדּוּד (ḥǎd·dûḏ): n.masc. [oth adj.]; ≡ Str 2303; TWOT 605b—LN 6.118–6.151 shards, points, jags, i.e., the very sharp spikes of a broken potsherd (Job 41:22[EB 30]+)

חַדּוּדִים (ḥǎd·dû·ḏîm) Lisowsky: see 2529

2530 חֶדְוָה (ḥěḏ·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2304; TWOT 607a—LN 25.116–25.134 joy (1Ch 16:27; Ne 8:10+)

2531 חָדִיד (ḥā·ḏîḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2307;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hadid: town of Benjamin, at the mouth of the Valley of Aijalon (Ezr 2:33; Ne 7:37; 11:34+)

חדל (ḥdl): see 2532, 2533

2532 I. חָדַל (ḥā·ḏǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2308; TWOT 609—1. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) stop, cease, leave alone, i.e., not continue an activity (Isa 24:8); 2. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) abandon, leave, i.e., depart an area and so no longer use an area (Jdg 5:6); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) refrain, i.e., not allow an event to happen (Job 16:6); 4. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) fail, i.e., not actually attain some desireable state or condition (Nu 9:13); 5. LN 31.14–31.25 (qal) refuse, i.e., to not agree or consent (Eze 3:27); 6. LN 57.71–57.124 (qal) give up, hand over, i.e., give over possession or control of an object to another (Jdg 9:9, 11, 13), note: for another interp of some verses, see 2533

2533 II. חָדַל (ḥā·ḏǎl): v.—see 2532 (qal) be fat (1Sa 2:5; Job 14:6); success (Pr 19:27; 23:4+)

2534 חָדֵל (ḥā·ḏēl): adj.; ≡ Str 2310; TWOT 609b—1. LN 36.12–36.30 refused, i.e., pertaining to being deliberately disobedient (Eze 3:27+), note: BDB translates as “forbearing” as synonymous to prior phrase, but reads more naturally as antithetical (opposite) to “listen.”; 2. LN 35.54–35.56 rejected, i.e., pertaining to being forsaken by people and so in a state of desertedness (Isa 53:3+), see also domain LN 57.125–57.141; 3. LN 67.109 fleeting, i.e., pertaining to being transient and ceasing as relatively short period of time (Ps 39:5[EB 4]+)

2535 חֶדֶל (ḥě·ḏěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2309; TWOT 609a—LN 1.17–1.25 Underworld, Sheol, i.e., the nether world of the dead (Isa 38:11+)

2536 חַדְלָי (ḥǎḏ·lāy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2311;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hadlai: of Ephraim (2Ch 28:12+)

2537 חֵדֶק (ḥē·ḏěq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2312; TWOT 611a—LN 3.13–3.32 brier, thornbush, i.e., a plant difficult to go through, with the associative meaning of being worthless (Pr 15:19; Mic 7:4+), note: some very specifically identify as “nightshade,” Solanum coagulans

2538 חִדֶּקֶל (ḥid·dě·qěl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2313;—LN 93-place (River) Hiddekel (Tigris NIV): river that flows through modern E Iraq (Ge 2:14; Da 10:4+), see also 3284, 5643.5

חדר (ḥdr): see 2539

2539 חָדַר (ḥā·ḏǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2314; TWOT 612—LN 15.146–15.147 (qal ptcp. fs) surround, close in on every side, with the associative meaning of impending doom (Eze 21:19[EB 14]+)

2540 חֶדֶר (ḥě·ḏěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2315, 2316; TWOT 612a—1. LN 7.26–7.53 private room, inner room, chamber, i.e., a part of a construction, a private area that may include the bedroom (Ge 43:30; Dt 32:25; Jdg 14:18 cj), note: for MT text, see 3064; 2. LN 7.26–7.53 unit: חֶדֶר מִשְׁכָּב (ḥě·ḏěr miš·kāḇ) bedroom, formally, chamber of the laying down (Ex 7:28[EB 8:3]; 2Sa 4:7; 2Ki 6:12; Ecc 10:20+); 3. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: חֶדֶר מָוֶת (ḥě·ḏěr mā·wěṯ) the Underworld, Sheol, formally, chamber of death (Pr 7:27+); 4. LN 26 unit: חֶדֶר בֶּטֶן (ḥě·ḏěr bě·ṭěn) inmost parts, formally, chambers of the belly (Pr 18:8; 20:27, 30; 26:22+); 5. LN 7.26–7.53 shrine room, i.e., an inner room used for worship (Eze 8:12+)

2541 חַדְרָךְ (ḥǎḏ·rāḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2317;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hadrach: town in NW Lebanon (Zec 9:1+)

חדשׁ (ḥdš): see 2542

2542 חָדַשׁ (ḥā·ḏǎš): v.; ≡ Str 2318; TWOT 613—1. LN 13.1–13.47 (piel) renew, restore, i.e., place in a state or condition identical or nearly the same as a prior state (2Ch 15:8; 24:4, 12; Ps 51:12[EB 10]; 104:30; Isa 61:4; La 5:21+); (hitp) renew oneself (Ps 103:5+); 2. LN 34.42–34.49 reaffirm, i.e., confirm a prior relationship or association (1Sa 11:14+); 3. LN 58.70–58.75 new, i.e., to be different and so not the same as a prior object (Job 10:17+), see also domain LN 13.1–13.47

2543 חָדָשׁ (ḥā·ḏāš): adj.; ≡ Str 2319; TWOT 613a—1. LN 58.70–58.75 new, i.e., pertaining to that which is recent, new, not old (Ex 1:8; Lev 23:16; Jos 9:13; Dt 20:5; Jdg 5:8; SS 7:14), note: Isa 66:22 NIV text as 2544; 2. LN 28.28–28.56 new, i.e., pertaining to something not previously known (Ps 40:4[EB 3]; Ecc 1:9); 3. LN 10.53–10.61 unit: אִשָּׁה חָדָשׁ (ʾiš·šā(h) ḥā·ḏāš) bride, formally, new woman, i.e., a woman recently married (Dt 24:5)

חָדָשׁ (ḥā·ḏāš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2319; TWOT 613a—LN 93-place (loc.) New Gate: an entrance area (Jer 26:10; 36:10+)

2544 I. חֹדֶשׁ (ḥō·ḏěš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2320; TWOT 613b—1. LN 67.174 month, calendar lunar month, i.e., a period of time as one full cycle of the moon (Ge 7:11; Ex 13:4), note: for MT text in Isa 66:22, see 2543; 2. LN 53 New Moon Festival, i.e., a religious festival (1Sa 20:5, 18, 24); 3. LN 53.16–53.27 New Moon Sacrifice (Ezr 3:5); 4. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: בְּ־ חֹדֶשׁ ־ָהּ (b- ḥō·ḏěš ā-h) time of female heat, formally, in her month (Jer 2:24); 5. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: בֵּן חֹדֶשׁ (bēn ḥō·ḏěš)1 a month old, formally, son of a month (Nu 3:15); 6. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: חֹדֶשׁ בְּ־ חֹדֶשׁ (ḥō·ḏěš b- ḥō·ḏěš)1 monthly, formally, month by month (Nu 28:14)

2545 II. חֹדֶשׁ (ḥō·ḏěš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2321;—LN 93-pers. (female) Hodesh: wife of a descendant of Benjamin (1Ch 8:9+)

2546 חֲדָשָׁה (ḥǎḏā·šā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2322;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hadashah: town in the western foothills Judah (Jos 15:37+)

2547 חָדְשִׁי (ḥāḏ·šî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8483;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hodshi: part of a compound name, Tahtim Hodshi, see 9398

חֳדָשִׁים (ḥǒḏā·šîm): Isa 66:22+—see 2543, 2544

2548 חֲדַתָּה (ḥǎḏǎt·tā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2675;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hadattah: town in southernmost Judah (Jos 15:25+)

חוב (ḥwb): see 2549

2549 חוּב (ḥûḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2325; TWOT 614—1. LN 56.20–56.34 (piel pf.) convict, sentence, i.e., incur a guilt and so be given a punishment for that guilt (Da 1:10+); 2. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: חוּב אֵת רֹאשׁ (ḥûḇ ʾēṯ rō(ʾ)š)1 put to death, formally, sentence my head (Da 1:10+)

2550 חוֹב (ḥôḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2326; TWOT 614a—LN 57.209–57.218 loan, debt, what is owed another after being borrowed (Eze 18:7+), note: KB translates “guilt” based apparently on etymological arguments

2551 חוֹבָה (ḥô·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2327;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hobah: place N of Damascus (Ge 14:15+)

חוג (ḥwg): see 2552

2552 I. חוּג (ḥûḡ): v.; ≡ Str 2328; TWOT 615—LN 80.5–80.7 (qal pf.) delineate a boundary, i.e., mark out a boundary line between two vast endless areas, as a figurative extension of a circle being without end (Job 26:10+), note: there are other interpretations of this verb, see comm

2553 II. חוּג (ḥûḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2329; TWOT 615a—1. LN 1.5–1.16 vault, i.e., a vast celestial domed or circular throne room in the sky (Job 22:14; Isa 40:22+), see also domain LN 7.26–7.53; 2. LN 80.5–80.7 horizon of the ocean, i.e., an outer limit of a large body of water (Pr 8:27+), see also domain LN 1.69–1.78

חוד (ḥwd): see 2554

2554 חוּד (ḥûḏ): v.; ≡ Str 2330; TWOT 616—1. LN 33.11–33.25 (qal) tell a riddle, i.e., propound an enigma as a taunting game (Jdg 14:12, 13, 16+); 2. LN 33.11–33.25 (qal) set forth an allegory, propound a figurative story (Eze 17:2+)

חוה (ḥwh) Lisowsky: see 2555

2555 I. חָוָה (ḥā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2331; TWOT 618—LN 33.189–33.217 (piel) tell, explain, announce, verbally show, display with words, i.e., inform and announce with speech (Job 15:17; 32:6, 10, 17; 36:2; Ps 19:3[EB 2]+)

2556 II. חָוָה (ḥā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2331; TWOT 618—1. LN 17.21–17.22 (hishtph) bow down, prostrate oneself, i.e., take a stance of bowing low in an act. of respect or honor, but not necessarily worship of deity (Ge 43:28); 2. LN 53.53–53.64 (hishtph) bow in worship, prostrate oneself, i.e., make a low stance as a sign of honor, worship, and homage of deity, with an associative meaning of allegiance to that deity (Ex 4:31), note: some give the alt. parsing as 8817

2557 I. חַוָּה (ḥǎw·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2333; TWOT 617a—LN 1.88–1.94 tent settlement, i.e., an unwalled village of a nomadic peoples, as a more or less permanent population center (Nu 32:41a+), note: “tent” as an element of meaning for this lexeme may be lost, and “unwalled village” may be its meaning, see also 2596

2558 II. חַוָּה (ḥǎw·wā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2332;—LN 93-pers. (female) Eve: first woman (Ge 3:20; 4:1+)

2559 חוֹזָי (ḥô·zāy): n.pr. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 2335;—LN 93-pers. (male) (ASV, NASB, NKJV, NJB, Tanakh) Hozai: record keeper (2Ch 33:19+), note: oth read text “the seers,” see 2602

2560 I. חוֹחַ (ḥôaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2336; TWOT 620a—1. LN 3.13–3.32 thornbush, thistle plant, briers, i.e., a bramble plant that grows into thickets, and grows wild taking over areas that are not cultivated, its exact species not identified (1Sa 13:6; 2Ki 14:9; 2Ch 25:18; Job 31:40; Pr 26:9; SS 2:2; Isa 34:13; Hos 9:6+), note: the thorns from a bramble plant were used for making other implements; 2. LN 6.14–6.22 nose ring, i.e., an implement to control a large animal, placed on a king as to focus on total submission to the conqueror (2Ch 33:11+), note: for another interp of 1Sa 13:6+, see 2561; 3. LN 6.10–6.13 fishing gaff, i.e., an implement to capture an alligator by hooking through the jaw area (Job 40:26[EB 41:2]+)

2561 II. חוֹחַ (ḥôaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2337; TWOT 620a—LN 1.51–1.59 hollows, recesses, cleft in rock, i.e., a formation of land similar to a cave (1Sa 13:6+), note: for another interp, see 2561

חֲוָחִים (ḥǎwā·ḥîm) Lisowsky: see 2561 1Sa 13:6+

2562 חוּט (ḥûṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2339; TWOT 621a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 thread, i.e., relatively thin and weak filaments woven together into a yarn or thread as a building block of cloth (Ge 14:23; Jdg 16:12+); 2. LN 6.152–6.187 cord, rope, i.e., a relatively heavy filament, strong enough to hold the weight of a man (Jos 2:18; Ecc 4:12+); 3. LN 6.188–6.196 ribbon, i.e., an ornamental cord, with a focus on its beauty, not normal binding and bearing functions (SS 4:3+); 4. LN 6.213–6.214 linear measuring device, i.e., a line or cord measures a length of any shape, then is re-measured against a standard (1Ki 7:15; Jer 52:21+), see also domain LN 81.1–81.2

2563 חִוִּי (ḥiw·wî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2340;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Hivite: pertaining to a people of Canaan (Ge 10:17)

2564 חֲוִילָה (ḥǎwî·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2341; TWOT 622—LN 93-pers. (male) Havilah: 1. of Ham (Ge 10:7; 1Ch 1:9) 2. of Shem (Ge 10:29; 1Ch 1:23+), see also 2564.5

חֲוִילָה (ḥǎwî·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2341; TWOT 622—LN 93-place (terr) Havilah: 1. land identified where river Pishon flowed (Ge 2:11+) 2. land of the Ishmaelites(Ge 25:18; 1Sa 15:7+), see also 2564

חול (ḥwl): see 2565, 2566

2565 I. חוּל (ḥûl): v.; ≡ Str 2342; TWOT 623—1. LN 16 (qal) swirl down, i.e., the non-linear motion of a whirlwind, circling and intense (Jer 23:19b; 30:23+); (hitpolel) swirl down (Jer 23:19a+), note: Ps 87:7, some parse as 2727; 2. LN 16 (qal) turn to, i.e., a non-linear motion of pivoting the body or limb of the body, or even an object which can be turned, to take action (La 4:6; Hos 11:6+); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) happen, formally, swirl down, i.e., have an event happen as a figurative extension of an object coming down another object with extra energy (2Sa 3:29+); 4. LN 15.244 (qal) dance, i.e., patterned, rhythmic movements, possibly with a focus that this dance has whirling motions to it (Jdg 21:21+); (polel) dance (Jdg 21:23+); 5. LN 67.118–67.135 (polel) wait, formally, whirl, i.e., to extend a period of time as an extension of a non-linear motion of pivoting, and so make no linear progress (Job 35:14+); (hitpolel) wait patiently (Ps 37:7+)

2566 II. חוּל (ḥûl): n.pr. [KB, Holladay: n.terr]; ≡ Str 2343;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hul: of Noah through Shem (Ge 10:23; 1Ch 1:17+), note: oth interp as a place

2567 I. חוֹל (ḥôl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2344; TWOT 623a—LN 2.14–2.28 sand, i.e., a loose granular, relatively dense and heavy, material from worn down rocks, its exact composition varying according to terrain, having the associative meanings of being bounteous, vast, and innumerable (Ge 22:17; 32:13[EB 12]; 41:49; Ex 2:12; Dt 33:19; Jos 11:4; Jdg 7:12; 1Sa 13:5; 2Sa 17:11; 1Ki 4:20; 5:9[EB 4:29]; Job 6:3; 29:18; Ps 78:27; 139:18; Pr 27:3; Isa 10:22; 48:19; Jer 5:22; 15:8; 33:22; Hos 2:1[EB 1:10]; Hab 1:9+), note: for another interp in Job 29:18, see 2568

2568 II. חוֹל (ḥôl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2344; TWOT 623a—LN 4.38–4.46 (NRSV, NEB ftn, NAB, Tanakh) Phoenix, i.e., a legendary bird that lives a long time (Job 29:18+), note: for another interp, see 2567

2569 חוּם (ḥûm): adj.; ≡ Str 2345; TWOT 625a—1. LN 79.26–79.38 dark-colored, i.e., pertaining to an unknown color between black and white (Ge 30:32, 33, 35, 40+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 23.46–23.60 ruttish, i.e., pertaining to being inclined to rut (Ge 30:32, 33, 35, 40+), note: though possible, this is not the likely meaning determined by context

2570 חוֹמָה (ḥô·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2346; TWOT 674c—1. LN 7.59–7.62 wall, i.e., a barrier around a city, of a height considered a protection for a city (2Sa 11:20); 2. LN 7.46 wall of a building construction (Eze 40:5); 3. LN 7.59–7.62 unit: מַיִם (mǎ·yim) … חוֹמָה (ḥô·mā(h)) wall of water, i.e., water supernaturally place on the sides of a thoroughfare, that has the look of a wall, but is not a barrier to the pathway (Ex 14:22, 29); 4. LN 21.17–21.24 unit: חוֹמָה הָיָה (ḥô·mā(h) hā·yā(h)) protection, formally, be a wall, i.e., the figurative extension of the protective features of a wall for being safe (1Sa 25:16); 5. LN 21.17–21.24 unit: חוֹמָה נְחֹשֶׁת (ḥô·mā(h) neḥō·šěṯ)1 very secure protection, impenetrable wall, formally, bronze wall, i.e., a figurative extension of safety (Jer 1:18; 15:20); 6. LN 1.69–1.78 moat, i.e., a barrier of water, as a defensive formation (Na 3:8)

2571 חוּס (ḥûs): v.; ≡ Str 2347; TWOT 626—1. LN 88.75–88.82 (qal) take pity, show mercy, have compassion, with a focus on sparing or delivering one from a great punishment (Dt 7:16; 13:9[EB 8]; 19:13, 21; 25:12; 1Sa 24:11[EB 10]; Ne 13:22; Ps 72:13; Isa 13:18; Jer 13:14; 21:7; Eze 5:11; 7:4, 9; 8:18; 9:5, 10; 16:5; 20:17; 24:14; Joel 2:17; Jnh 4:10, 11+); 2. LN 30.38 unit: עַיִן ־כֶם אַל חוּס (ʿǎ·yin ḵěm ʾǎl ḥûs) pay no attention, ignore, formally, your eye has no mercy (Ge 45:20+)

2572 חוֹף (ḥôp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2348; TWOT 710a—1. LN 1.60–1.68 coast, seashore, i.e., an area where a large body of water meets land (Ge 49:13a; Dt 1:7; Jos 9:1; Jer 47:7; Eze 25:16+); 2. LN 1.60–1.68 haven, cove, i.e., a landing place for ships as a small natural harbor (Ge 49:13b; Jdg 5:17+)

2573 חוּפָם (ḥû·p̄ām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2349;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hupham: of Benjamin (Nu 26:39+), note: possibly same as 2586(2.), 2907(1.), see also 2574

2574 חוּפָמִי (ḥû·p̄ā·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2350;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Huphamite: pertaining to Hupham (Nu 26:39+), see also 2573

2575 חוּץ (ḥûṣ): n.[masc.] [see also 2575.5]; ≡ Str 2351; TWOT 627a—1. LN 84.1–84.15 outside place, a place which is an extension of a source (Ge 9:22); 2. LN 1.99–1.105 public place, i.e., a street as opposed to a private residence (2Sa 22:43; Ps 18:43[EB 42]); 3. LN 57.189–57.208 public place, i.e., market place to meet and do business (1Ki 20:34); 4. LN 1.60–1.68 countryside, open fields, i.e., outdoor open places in contrast to town (Ps 144:13; Pr 8:26); 5. LN 43 unit: חוּץ מְלָאכָה (ḥûṣ melā(ʾ)·ḵā(h)), farm work, formally, work of the outside, i.e., agricultural tasks (Pr 24:27)

חוּץ (ḥûṣ): prep. [see also 2575]; ≡ Str 2351; TWOT 627a—LN 84.1–84.15 unit: מִן חוּץ לְ־ (min ḥûṣ l-) out, outside with regard to a place (Ge 19:16)

2576 חוֹק (ḥôq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2436; TWOT 629a—LN 6.152–6.187 garment, i.e., a piece of clothing, with a focus on the lap or chest area of the garment (Ps 74:11 K+), note: for Q, see 2668

חוּק (ḥûq): see 2980

2577 חוּקֹק (ḥû·qōq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2712;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hukok: border town of Asher, (1Ch 6:60[EB 75]+), see also 2762; note: Jos 19:34, see 2982

חוֹקֵק (ḥô·qēq): n.masc. [served by 2980]; ≡ Str 2712;—LN 37.48–37.95 prince, leader, i.e., one who governs or rules (Jdg 5:9+)

חור (ḥwr): see 2578, 2579

2578 I. חָוַר (ḥā·wǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2357; TWOT 630—LN 79.26–79.38 (qal impf. 3mp.) grow pale, i.e., to have a loss of blood to the face as a basal response to some strong emotional feeling such as humiliation (Isa 29:22+), see also domain LN 25.189–25.202

2579 II. חָוַר (ḥā·wǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2787; TWOT 756—see 3081 (qal) (Isa 24:6 v.r.)

חוֹר (ḥôr) BDB, Lisowsky: see 2986

2580 I. חוּר (ḥûr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2353; TWOT 630a—LN 6.152–6.187 white linen fabric, i.e., a costly adorning fabric as curtains or garments (Est 1:6; 8:15+)

2581 II. חוּר (ḥûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2354;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hur: 1. an assistant arm holder for Moses (Ex 17:10, 12; 24:14+) 2. of Judah, grandson of Bezalel (Ex 31:2; 35:30; 38:22; 2Ch 1:5+) 3. of Judah, founder of Bethlehem (1Ch 2:19, 20; 2:50; 4:1, 4+) 4. king of Midian (Nu 31:8; Jos 13:21+) 5. father of wall builder (Ne 3:9+)

III. חוּר (ḥûr): see 2987 (Isa 42:22)

חוֹרֵב (ḥô·rēḇ): see 2998

2582 חוֹרוֹן (ḥô·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1032;—LN 93-place (loc.) 1. a deity, Horon (not used in HB); 2. part of a compound name, Beth Horon, see 1103

חוֹרַי (ḥô·rǎy) Lisowsky: see 2583, HO. read as 2580 (Isa 19:9+)

חוֹרִי (ḥô·rî): see 3036 (Nu 13:5)

2583 חוֹרָי (ḥô·rāy): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2355; TWOT 630a—LN 6.152–6.187 white linen fabric, byssus, i.e., a costly adorning fabric made of processed flax fiber (Isa 19:9+), note: oth read as 2580

חוּר (ḥûr): see 2987 Isa 42:22+

חוֹרֵב (ḥô·rēḇ) BDB: see 2998 (Ex 33:6+)

2584 חוּרַי (ḥû·rǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2360;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hurai: one of the Thirty (1Ch 11:32+), see also 2068

חוֹרִי (ḥô·rî) BDB: see 3036 (Nu 13:5)

2585 חוּרִי (ḥû·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2359;—LN 93-pers. (male) Huri: of Gad (1Ch 5:14+)

2586 חוּרָם (ḥû·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2361;—LN 93-pers. (male) Huram: 1. a skilled craftsman (2Ch 4:11+), see also 2587, 2671(2.) 2. a grandson of Benjamin (1Ch 8:5+), note: possibly same as 2573, 2907(1.) 3. (Hiram NIV) king of Tyre (1Ch 14:1 Q; 2Ch 2:2[EB 3],10[EB 11],11[EB 12]; 8:2, 18; 9:10, 21+), see also 2670(1.), 2671(1.)

2587 חוּרָם אָבִי (ḥû·rām ʾā·ḇî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2361;—LN 93-pers. (male) Huram-Abi: skilled craftsman (2Ch 2:12[EB 13]; 4:16+), see also 2586(1.)

2588 חַוְרָן (ḥǎw·rān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2362;—LN 93-place (terr) Hauran: Assyrian district in the Trans-Jordan, East of Lake Galilee (Eze 47:16, 18+)

חוֹרֹן (ḥô·rōn) BDB: see 1103

2589 חוֹרֹנַיִם (ḥô·rō·nǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2773;—LN 93-place (loc.) Horonaim: place in Moab (2Sa 13:34; Isa 15:5; Jer 48:3, 5, 34+)

חושׁ (ḥwš)[1] Holladay or חושׁ (ḥwš) KB: see 2590

חושׁ (ḥwš)[2] Holladay or חושׁ (ḥwš) KB: see 2591

2590 I. חוּשׁ (ḥûš): v.; ≡ Str 2363, 2439; TWOT 631—1. LN 68.79–68.82 (qal) go quickly, hasten, rush upon, i.e., do something with rapidity of motion, and so have less time go by, with an associated meaning of great energy (Dt 32:35; 1Sa 20:38; Ps 22:20[EB 19]; 38:23[EB 22]; 40:14[EB 13]; 70:2[EB 1],6[EB 5]; 71:12; 119:60; 141:1+); (hif) hasten, make hurry (Jdg 20:37; Job 31:5; Ps 55:9[EB 8]; Isa 5:19; 60:22+); 2. LN 15.245 (qal) swoop down, i.e., a swift downward flight of a bird of prey as it catches its prey, technically called a “stoop.” (Hab 1:8+); 3. LN 77 (qal pass.) be ready, be prepared, formally, hastened, i.e., be in a state for immediate action as an extension of being hastened or hurried (Nu 32:17+), note, for another interp Job 20:2; Isa 28:16, see also 2591

2591 II. חוּשׁ (ḥûš): v.; ≡ Str 2363; TWOT 631—1. LN 25.102–25.115 (qal impf.) find enjoyment, i.e., take pleasure in sensory events (Ecc 2:25+); 2. LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) be greatly disturbed, be dismayed, implying some degree of fear (Job 20:2+); (hif) be dismayed (Isa 28:16+), note: for another interp in Job 20:2; Isa 28:16 see 2590; 3. LN 30.39–30.52 (qal) notice, see, i.e., pay special attention (Ps 141:1), note: for another parsing, see 2590

2592 חוּשָׁה (ḥû·šā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2364;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hushah: of Judah (1Ch 4:4+), note: possibly a place,, see also 3144

2593 חוּשַׁי (ḥû·šǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2365;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hushai: 1. an Arkite friend of David (2Sa 15:32–17:15 passim; 1Ch 27:33+) 2. father of one of Solomon’s officers (1Ki 4:16+), note: oth same as 1.

2594 חוּשִׁים (ḥû·šîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2366;—LN 93-pers. (female) Hushim: wife of Shaharaim (1Ch 8:8, 11+)

2595 חוּשָׁם (ḥû·šām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2367;—LN 93-pers. (male) Husham: king of Edom (Ge 36:34, 35; 1Ch 1:45, 46+)

חַוֹּת (ḥǎw·wōṯ): see 2596

2596 חַוֹּת יָאִיר (ḥǎw·wōṯ yā·ʾîr): n.pr. [BDB: n.pr.masc. and n.fem.]; ≡ Str 2334;—LN 93-place (loc.) Havvoth Jair: villages in Gilead, i.e., Bashan (Nu 32:41b; Dt 3:14; Jos 13:30; Jdg 10:4; 1Ki 4:13; 1Ch 2:23+), see also 2557, note: some relate some of these verses to 3281

2597 I. חוֹתָם (ḥô·ṯām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2368; TWOT 780a—1. LN 6.54–6.67 seal, signet, i.e., an implement used as a sign of one’s personal official identification mark by impressing in clay or wax, worn on a cord around the neck or on the hand (Ge 38:18; Ex 28:11, 21, 36; 39:6, 14, 30; 1Ki 21:8; Job 38:14; SS 8:6; Jer 22:24; Hag 2:23+), note: usually a cylinder seal design, though if on the hand, then a signet-ring; 2. LN 79.62–79.69 unit: סָגַר חוֹתָם (sā·ḡǎr ḥô·ṯām)1 be tightly sealed together, formally, be shut of a seal, i.e., a feature of an animal’s scales being strong against attack (Job 41:7[EB 15]+)

2598 II. חוֹתָם (ḥô·ṯām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2369;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hotham: 1. of Asher (1Ch 7:32+), see also 2152 2. father of two great warriors for David’s (1Ch 11:44+)

2599 חֲזָאֵל (ḥǎzā·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2371;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hazael: servant of King Ben-Hadad, then heir to throne (1Ki 19:15), see also 2604

חזה (ḥzh): see 2600

2600 חָזָה (ḥā·zā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2372; TWOT 633—1. LN 28.28–28.56 (qal) see visions, get a prophecy, i.e., receive information from God (Nu 24:4); 2. LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) look, observe, gaze, i.e., to see using the bodily perception of sight (Job 8:17; SS 7:1; Mic 4:11), note: some translate Job 8:17 as “cleave to”; 3. LN 30.86–30.107 (qal) select, choose, prefer, formally, see, i.e., choose an object over another as an extension of use of sight as a perception for distinguishing objects (Ex 18:21)

2601 חָזֶה (ḥā·zě(h)): n.masc. [BDB]; ≡ Str 2373; TWOT 634a—LN 8 breast section, i.e., the central part of the chest of an animal from the neck to the abdomen, with a series of connecting ribs with meat, a cut of meat of a small mammal (Ex 29:26, 27; Lev 7:30,31, 34; 8:29; 9:20, 21; 10:14, 15; Nu 6:20; 18:18+)

2602 I. חֹזֶה (ḥō·zě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2374; TWOT 633b—LN 53.66–53.95 seer, i.e., one who receives and communicates a message from God, and so has the role of a prophet, possibly with some focus on the visual aspect of a communication from God (2Sa 24:11; 2Ki 17:13; 1Ch 21:9; 25:5; 29:29; 2Ch 9:29; 12:15; 19:2; 29:25, 30; 33:18; 35:15; Isa 29:10; 30:10; Am 7:12; Mic 3:7+), note: (Isa 28:15) see 2603; (2Ch 33:19), see 2559

2603 II. חֹזֶה (ḥō·zě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2374; TWOT 633b—LN 34.42–34.49 agreement, contract, i.e., a formal association with another (Isa 28:15+)

2604 חֲזָהאֵל (ḥǎzāh·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2371;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hazael: servant of King Ben-Hadad (2Ki 8:8, 13, 15, 28, 29; 2Ch 22:6+), see also 2599

2605 חֲזוֹ (ḥǎzô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2375;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hazo: uncle of Rebekah (Ge 22:22+)

2606 חָזוֹן (ḥā·zôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2377; TWOT 633a—LN 33.459–33.462 revelation, i.e., a communication from God to be communicated to others, with a focus on the visual aspects of the communication (1Sa 3:1; 1Ch 17:15; 2Ch 32:32; Ps 89:20[EB 19]; Pr 29:18; Isa 1:1; 29:7; Jer 14:14; 23:16; La 2:9; Eze 7:13, 26; 12:22, 23, 24, 27; 13:16; Da 1:17; 8:1–11:14 passim; Hos 12:11[EB 10]; Ob 1; Mic 3:6; Na 1:1; Hab 2:2, 3+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

2607 חָזוּת (ḥā·zûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2380; TWOT 633d—1. LN 33.459–33.462 revelation, i.e., a prophecy from God communicated to others (Isa 21:2; 29:11+); 2. LN 34.42–34.49 agreement, covenant, i.e., the action that establishes a relationship (Isa 28:18+); 3. LN 79.123–79.128 prominent appearance as a feature of an object, as larger, taller, bigger, and so a feature that easily distinguishes it (Da 8:5, 8+)

2608 חֲזוֹת (ḥǎzôṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 2378; TWOT 633c—LN 33.35–33.68 record, annotations of prophecies, i.e., a written record of prophetic revelation, as a title of a record of prophecy (2Ch 9:29+)

חָזוֹת (ḥā·zôṯ) BDB: see 2608

2609 חֲזִיאֵל (ḥǎzî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2381;—LN 93-pers. (male) Haziel: Levite who served David (1Ch 23:9+)

2610 חֲזָיָה (ḥǎzā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2382;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hazaiah: of Judah, returnee from captivity (Ne 11:5+)

2611 חֶזְיוֹן (ḥěz·yôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2383;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hezion: grandfather of Syrian King Ben-Hadad (1Ki 15:18+)

2612 חִזָּיוֹן (ḥiz·zāy·wōn): n.masc. [see also 2612.5]; ≡ Str 2384; TWOT 633e—1. LN 33.459–33.462 revelation, i.e., a communication from God to be spoken to others (2Sa 7:17; Joel 3:1[EB 2:28]; Zec 13:4+), note: for another interp in Joel, see next; 2. LN 33.476–33.489 vision, dream, i.e., a non-verbal communication, often at night to an individual, with a focus on visual aspects of a communication (Job 4:13; 7:14; 20:8; 33:15; Joel 3:1[EB 2:28]+)

חִזָּיוֹן (ḥiz·zāy·wōn): n.pr. [see also 2612]; ≡ Str 2384; TWOT 633e—LN 93-place (loc.) unit: גַּיְא חִזָּיוֹן (gǎy(ʾ) ḥiz·zāy·wōn) Jerusalem, formally, Valley of Vision, i.e., a symbolic name for the city and people of Jerusalem (Isa 22:1, 5+), see also 3731

2613 חֲזִיז (ḥǎzîz): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2385; TWOT 635a—1. LN 1.34–1.38 storm cloud, i.e., a relatively dark, visible mass of condensed vapors which will pour down rain (Job 28:26; 38:25; Zec 10:1+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 14.15–14.16 lightning bolt, i.e., a flash of light as a naturally occurring electrical discharge, usually associated with a rain squall (Job 28:26; 38:25; Zec 10:1+); 3. LN 14.15–14.16 unit: חֲזִיז קוֹל (ḥǎzîz qôl) thunder, formally, voice of storm cloud/thunderbolt (Job 28:26; 38:25+)

2614 חֲזִיר (ḥǎzîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2386; TWOT 637a—LN 4.1–4.37 swine, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: non cud-chewing, split-hoofed mammal; swine as a short-bodied, stout mammal with a thick skin of the genus Sus or the family Suidae, likely a wild boar of the species Sus scrofa(Lev 11:7; Dt 14:8; Ps 80:14[EB 13]; Pr 11:22; Isa 65:4; 66:3, 17+)

2615 חֵזִיר (ḥē·zîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2387;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hezir: 1. priest of the 17th course (1Ch 24:15+) 2. signer of covenant (Ne 10:21[EB 20]+)

חזק (ḥzq): see 2616

2616 חָזַק (ḥā·zǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2388; TWOT 636—1. LN 78.1–78.27 (qal) be harsh, severe, i.e., be in a state of a high degree of intensity (Ge 41:56); 2. LN 27.48–27.54 (qal) be hard, i.e., not be willing to learn information, implying the information would change the response to a situation (Ex 7:13); (piel) harden (Ex 4:21); 3. LN 74 (qal) be strong, i.e., have the ability to accomplish what is intended, implying an element of resolve is needed as well (Jos 1:6); (piel) strengthen (2Ch 11:11); (hif) become powerful (2Ch 26:8); (hitp) strengthen oneself (Nu 13:20); 4. LN 39.52–39.61 (qal) conquer, triumph, formally, be strong, i.e., to defeat an enemy and so have authority over them (1Sa 17:50); (piel) have power over (Jdg 3:12); (hif) be victorious (Da 11:7); (hitp) establish oneself over (2Ch 1:1); 5. LN 76 (qal) be overpowering, i.e., have physical force sufficiently move or control an object (2Sa 13:14); (piel) strengthen (Jdg 16:28); (hif) press on (2Sa 11:25); 6. LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) be firm, i.e., be in a fastened position to another object by force (2Sa 18:9); (piel) hold (Job 18:9; Isa 22:21); 7. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) restore, renew, i.e., be in a state or condition identical or nearly the same as a prior state (2Ki 12:13[EB 12]); (piel) repair (2Ki 12:6[EB 5]); (hif) repair (Ne 3:4); 8. LN 23.129–23.141 (qal) recover, formally, become strong, i.e., become healthy after being ill (Isa 39:1); (hitp) rally one’s strength (Ge 48:2); 9. LN 33.299–33.306 (qal) encourage, urge, formally, strengthen, i.e., speak words for a particular course of action (Ex 12:33); (piel) encourage (Dt 1:38); (hif) prevail upon (Jdg 19:4); (hitp) encourage (Jdg 20:22); 10. LN 22.42–22.47 (qal) help, formally, strengthen, i.e., lend care to an object to create a favorable circumstance (2Ch 28:20); (piel) help (Jdg 9:24); (hif) help (Eze 16:49); 11. LN 25.68–25.79 (qal) be devoted, be eager, formally, be strong, i.e., be earnest in one’s endeavor to a task or person (2Ch 31:4); (hif) devote (Ne 5:16); 12. LN 18.1–18.11 (hif) grasp, i.e., hold an object (Ge 19:16), note: some parse 2Ki 12:13b as 2622

2617 חָזָק (ḥā·zāq): adj.; ≡ Str 2389; TWOT 636a—1. LN 76 unit: יָד חָזָק (yāḏ ḥā·zāq) pertaining to an act. of power (Ex 3:19; 6:1; 32:11; Dt 3:24; 34:12); 2. LN 76 pertaining to physical power and vigor (Jos 14:11); 3. LN 14.4–14.9 pertaining to a severe wind (Ex 10:19; 1Ki 19:11); 4. LN 14.74–14.86 pertaining to a loud trumpet (Ex 19:16); 5. LN 55.2–55.6 pertaining to military might (Nu 13:18; 20:20; Jos 17:18); 6. LN 55.2–55.6 pertaining to an intense fighting situation (1Sa 14:52; 2Sa 11:15); 7. LN 22.29–22.34 pertaining to a severe famine as a very difficult experience (1Ki 18:2); 8. LN 76 pertaining to a powerful ruler (Isa 28:2); 9. LN 35.1–35.18 pertaining to one able or capable to defend (Pr 23:11; Jer 50:34); 10. LN 87.19–87.57 pertaining to a class of persons of high status and oppressive wealth (Job 5:15); 11. LN 79.7–79.8 pertaining to the hardness as a metallurgical or mineral strength (Job 37:18; Eze 3:9); 12. LN 88.223–88.226 pertaining to being obdurate and stubborn (Eze 2:4; 3:7, 8); 13. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: חֳלִי חָזָק מְאֹד (ḥǒlî ḥā·zāq meʾōḏ) be very near death, formally, illness very strong (1Ki 17:17)

חָזָק (ḥā·zāq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2389; TWOT 636a—1. LN 76 a powerful ruler (Isa 40:10), see also domain LN 53.66–53.95; 2. LN 76 a strong person (Ps 35:10; Jer 31:11; Eze 34:16; Am 2:14)

2618 חָזֵק (ḥā·zēq): adj. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.sing.]; ≡ Str 2390; TWOT 636a—1. LN 87.4–87.18 strong, pertaining to relatively high status (2Sa 3:1+); 2. LN 14.74–14.86 loud, i.e., pertaining to a high-decibels sound (Ex 19:19+)

2619 חֵזֶק (ḥē·zěq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2391; TWOT 636b—LN 74 strength, i.e., that which makes one able to do something, or have a certain character (Ps 18:2[EB 1]+)

2620 חֹזֶק (ḥō·zěq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2392; TWOT 636c—1. LN 76 unit: חֹזֶק יָד (ḥō·zěq yāḏ) act. of power, formally, hand of power, i.e., a miracle as a demonstration of strength or force (Ex 13:3, 14, 16+); 2. LN 55.7–55.13 military strength, i.e., soldiers and arms that constitute an army (Am 6:13; Hag 2:22+), see also LN 76

2621 חֶזְקָה (ḥěz·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2393; TWOT 636b—1. LN 76 strength, power, i.e., military/political authority (2Ch 12:1; 26:16; Da 11:2+); 2. LN 36.1–36.9 unit: ךְּ־ חֶזְקָה יָד (k- ḥěz·qā(h) yāḏ) lead a direction, formally, according to a strong hand, i.e., to direct clearly as a figurative extension of a person taking a child by the hand (Isa 8:11+)

2622 חָזְקָה (ḥāz·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2394; TWOT 636d—1. LN 78.1–78.27 intensity, i.e., a high degree of harshness or severity of an event or action (Jdg 4:3; 8:1; Eze 34:4; Jnh 3:8+); 2. LN 76 force, power, i.e., the act. of physically overpowering a weaker or inferior object (1Sa 2:16+); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 repair, i.e., the act. of renewing an object to a prior condition (2Ki 12:13+), note: oth qal inf. cs. of 2616

2623 חִזְקִי (ḥiz·qî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2395;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hizki: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:17+)

2624 חִזְקִיָּה (ḥiz·qiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2396;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hezekiah: 1. king of Judah (2Ki 18:1; Pr 25:1), see also 2625, 3490(2.), 3491(1.) 2. ancestor of Zephaniah (Zep 1:1+) 3. ancestor of returnee from captivity (Ne 7:21+), see 3490(1.) 4. leader of the people who signed the covenant with Nehemiah(Ne 10:18[EB 17]) 5. of David and Solomon (1Ch 3:23+), note: Hizkiah in NIV, see also 2625, 3491

2625 חִזְקִיָּהוּ (ḥiz·qiy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2396;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hezekiahu (Hezekiah NIV): king of Judah (2Ki 18:9–21:3 passim; Isa 36:1–39:8 passim), see also 2624(1.), 3490(2.), 3491(1.)

חַח (ḥǎḥ) BDB: see 2626

2626 חָח (ḥāḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2397; TWOT 620b—1. LN 6.14–6.22 nose ring, i.e., an implement put in a captive, implying they are now a controlled animal (2Ki 19:28; Isa 37:29+); 2. LN 6.14–6.22 hook, i.e., a device of some kind to control an animal, its exact shape is not determined, possibly like a gaff (Eze 19:4, 9; 29:4; 38:4+); 3. LN 6.188–6.196 ornamental nose ring, i.e., an ornament for female beauty (Ex 35:22+), note: several other pieces of jewelry are suggested: (NIV, ASV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, NAB, NJB, Tanakh) brooch; (KJV) bracelet; (NKJV) earring; (NEB, REB) clasp

חטא (ḥṭʾ): see 2627

2627 חָטָא (ḥā·ṭā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 2398; TWOT 638—1. LN 88.289–88.318 (qal) sin, do wrong, bear blame, be guilty, i.e., commit an infraction of law or agreement, implying a penalty must be paid or forfeited (Ge 20:9; Ex 9:27); (hif) commit sin, cause guilt (Ex 23:33); 2. LN 53.28–53.32 (piel) purify, cleanse, i.e., make an object ceremonially clean by certain actions, including an offering (Ex 29:36); (hitp) purify oneself (Nu 8:21; 19:12,13, 20; 31:19, 20, 23+); 3. LN 85.65–85.66 (qal) miss, i.e., no longer be visibly present, pertaining to an object no longer being in a normal or assumed place (Job 5:24; Pr 8:36); 4. LN 31.8–31.13 (qal) err, miss the way, i.e., have an opinion that is a wrong view (Pr 19:2); 5. LN 67.118–67.135 (qal) fail to reach, i.e., pertaining to having a time period cut short (Isa 65:20); 6. LN 57.55–57.70 (piel) bear a loss, i.e., lose an object with remedy from another source (Ge 31:39); 7. LN 53.16–53.27 (piel) offer a sin offering (Lev 9:15; 2Ch 29:24); 8. LN 83.18–83.22 (hif) miss, i.e., take aim at a specific object but not be able to hit the object, and so have the projectile occupy a space outside what is intended (Jdg 20:16); 9. LN 15.34–15.74 (hitp) retreat, i.e., leave an area by linear motion (Job 41:17[EB 25])

2628 חֵטְא (ḥēṭe(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2399; TWOT 638a—1. LN 88.289–88.318 sin, i.e., the doing of wrong and so an offense against a standard (Ps 51:11[EB 9]; Isa 1:18); 2. LN 88.289–88.318 guilt, i.e., a focus on the resulting liability of sin (Dt 15:9; 23:22[EB 21]); 3. LN 88.289–88.318 sin, i.e., an offense against a person, with a focus on failure or possibly omission (Ge 41:9)

2629 חַטָּא (ḥǎṭ·ṭā(ʾ)): n.masc. [see also 2629.5]; ≡ Str 2400; TWOT 638b—LN 88.289–88.318 sinner, wicked person, i.e., a class of persons that offend a standard, and so incur moral guilt (Ge 13:13; Nu 17:3[EB 16:38]; 1Sa 15:18; Ps 1:1, 5; 25:8; 26:9; 51:15[EB 13]; 104:35; Pr 1:10; 13:21; 23:17; Isa 1:28; 13:9; 33:14; Am 9:10+)

חַטָּא (ḥǎṭ·ṭā(ʾ)): adj. [served by 2629]; ≡ Str 2400; TWOT 638b—LN 88.289–88.318 sinful, i.e., pertaining to being morally guilty of violating a standard (Nu 32:14; 1Ki 1:21; Am 9:8+)

2630 חֶטְאָה (ḥěṭ·ʾā(h)): n.fem. [BDB: qal inf.]; ≡ Str 2398; TWOT 638—LN 88.289–88.318 sin, fault, i.e., an error incurring guilt and penalty (Nu 15:28+)

2631 חֲטָאָה (ḥǎṭā·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2401; TWOT 638d—1. LN 88.289–88.318 sin, i.e., an offense against a moral standard, with a focus on the guilt or condemnation incurred by that offense (Ge 20:9; Ex 32:21, 30, 31; 2Ki 17:21; Ps 32:1; 109:7+); 2. LN 53.16–53.27 sin offering, i.e., an offering to expiate (or propitiate) in reference to sin (Ps 40:7[EB 6]+)

2632 חַטָּאָה (ḥǎṭ·ṭā·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2402, 2403; TWOT 2726b, 638e—LN 88.289–88.318 sin, wickedness, i.e., what is an offense to a moral standard (Ex 34:7; Isa 5:18+)

2633 חַטָּאת (ḥǎṭ·ṭā(ʾ)ṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2403; TWOT 638e—1. LN 88.289–88.318 sin, wrong, iniquity, i.e., that which is an offense against a standard (Ex 10:17) note: for another interp of Nu 32:23, see last entry; 2. LN 53.16–53.27 sin offering, i.e., one of the major offerings given for the purpose atonement as expiation or propitiation of sin against God (Ex 29:14, 36; 30:10; Lev 4:3–16:27 passim; 23:19; Nu 6:11–29:38 passim; Eze 40:39–46:20 passim); 3. LN 53.16–53.27 purification offering (Nu 19:17+); 4. LN 53.28–53.32 purification, cleansing (Nu 8:7); 5. LN 38.1–38.13 punishment, i.e., the inflicting of a judgment based on violation of a standard (Zec 14:9)

חטב (ḥṭb)[1] Lisowsky or KB: see 2634, 2634.5

חטב (ḥṭb)[2] Lisowsky or KB: see 2635 (qal pass.) Pr 7:16+

2634 חָטַב (ḥā·ṭǎḇ): v. [see also 2634.5]; ≡ Str 2404; TWOT 639—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) chop wood, i.e., the action of felling a tree by chopping with an iron tool (Dt 19:5; Eze 39:10+); 2. LN 42.29–42.40 (pual ptcp.) be carved, i.e., to have a construction fashioned or formed by hewing (Ps 144:12+)

חֹטֵב (ḥō·ṭēḇ): n.masc. [served by 2634]; ≡ Str 2404; TWOT 639—LN 43 woodcutter, woodsman, i.e., a timber cutter, a profession of relatively low social status (Dt 29:10[EB 11]; Jos 9:21, 23, 27; 2Ch 2:9[EB 10]; Jer 46:22+)

2635 חֲטֻבוֹת (ḥǎṭǔ·ḇôṯ): n.fem.pl. [Lisowsky and KB: qal pass. or adj.]; ≡ Str 2405; TWOT 640a—LN 6.152–6.187 elaborate fabric, i.e., a valuable multi-colored cover, possibly with needlework (Pr 7:16+), note: BDB, “dark-hued stuffs,” apparently a different focus to the ety. arguments

2636 חִטָּה (ḥiṭ·ṭā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2406; TWOT 691b—1. LN 3.13–3.32 wheat plant (Ex 9:32), note: Holladay identifies as Triticum savitum; 2. LN 3.33–3.46 wheat grain, i.e., the fruit part of a mature wheat plant (2Sa 4:6; 1Ki 5:25[EB 11]; SS 7:3[EB 2])

2637 חַטּוּשׁ (ḥǎṭ·ṭûš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2407;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hattush: 1. of David, returnee from captivity (Ezr 8:2; 1Ch 3:22+) 2. wall builder (Ne 3:10+) 3. signer of covenant (Ne 10:5[EB 4]+) 4. returnee priest with Zerubbabel from the captivity (Ne 12:2+), note: possibly the same as 3.

2638 חֲטִיטָא (ḥǎṭî·ṭā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2410;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hatita: ancestor of returnee from captivity (Ezr 2:42; Ne 7:45+)

2639 חַטִּיל (ḥǎṭ·ṭîl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2411;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hattil: ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:57; Ne 7:59+)

2640 חֲטִיפָא (ḥǎṭî·p̄ā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2412;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hatipha: ancestor of returnee from captivity (Ezr 2:54; Ne 7:56+)

חטם (ḥṭm): see 2641

2641 חָטַם (ḥā·ṭǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2413; TWOT 641—LN 88.83–88.92 (qal) hold back, restrain, i.e., to be patient and self-controlled (Isa 48:9+)

חטף (ḥṭp): see 2642

2642 חָטַף (ḥā·ṭǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2414; TWOT 642—LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) seize, carry off by force, strongly implying lack of consent for the action (Jdg 21:21; Ps 10:9+)

2643 חֹטֶר (ḥō·ṭěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2415; TWOT 643a—1. LN 6.26–6.28 rod, switch, i.e., a relatively thin wood stick of unknown thickness or length, an instrument for punishment (Pr 14:3+); 2. LN 10.14–10.48 shoot, twig, i.e., new growth sprouting from a root-stock stump, as a figurative extension for a progeny from a particular lineage (Isa 11:1+), see also domain LN 3.47–3.59

חַטָּת (ḥǎṭ·ṭāṯ): see 2633

2644 I. חַי (ḥǎy): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2416; TWOT 644a—1. LN 23.88–23.128 life, i.e., the state of animate life, which of course is the contrast of death (Ge 2:7; 27:46; Job 7:7), note: see also 2645, 2646; 2. LN 5.1–5.22 nourishment, food (Pr 27:27+); 3. LN 22.42–22.47 life, i.e., to have a prosperous, bountiful, blessed favorable circumstance in life, contrasted with a cursed unfavorable life (Dt 30:6; Pr 15:24; 16:15); 4. LN 33.463–33.469 oath of promise, “As surely as … lives,” i.e., a formula of an oath (Ge 42:15; Jdg 8:19; Ru 3:13); 5. LN 33.463–33.469 unit: אֲנִי חַי (ʾǎnî ḥǎy)1 I solemnly swear, formally, as I live, i.e., the formula to place under an oath (Nu 14:28)

2645 II. חַי (ḥǎy): adj.; ≡ Str 2416; TWOT 644a—1. LN 23.88–23.128 alive, living, i.e., pertaining to having animate life, and having absolute being (Ge 1:20), note: see also 2644, 2645, note: חַי (ḥǎy)2 in Lisowsky see 2646; 2. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: עֵת חַי (ʿēṯ ḥǎy)2 springtime, i.e., the time of life (Ge 18:10, 14); 3. LN 13.69–13.103 exist, formally, living, i.e., pertaining to having absolute being as a figurative extension of animate, biological existence (Dt 5:26); 4. LN 46 raw, i.e., pertaining to meat which is uncooked (1Sa 2:15); 5. LN 76 vigorous, lively, robust, i.e., pertaining to one healthy and able to expend considerable energy (Ps 38:20); 6. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: עֵת חַי (ʿēṯ ḥǎy)2 next year, i.e., pertaining to a time about a year from now (Ge 18:10, 14; 2Ki 4:16, 17+); 7. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: בָּשָׂר חַי (bā·śār ḥǎy)2 raw flesh, formally, living flesh, i.e., pertaining to damaged, inflamed skin, usually lacking the upper layers of the dermis, yet with blood and fluid signalling living tissue (Lev 13:10, 14, 15,16+); 8. LN 2.7–2.13 unit: מַיִם חַי (mǎ·yim ḥǎy)2 fresh water, i.e., pertaining to water which is potable, even tasty, whether flowing or still (Ge 26:19; Lev 14:5, 6, 50, 51, 52; 15:13; Nu 19:17; SS 4:15; Jer 2:13; 17:13; Zec 14:8+), note: the parsing in some contexts between 2644 and 2645 is difficult

2646 III. חַי (ḥǎy): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2416; TWOT 644a—LN 10.1–10.13 kinsmen, family, i.e., a clan as an extended family (1Sa 18:18+)

2647 חִיאֵל (ḥî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2419;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hiel: one from Bethel (1Ki 16:34+)

2648 חִידָה (ḥî·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2420; TWOT 616a—1. LN 32.21 riddle, enigma, i.e., the asking of a hard question (as a game) to be solved or guessed, implying scorn or taunting toward the persons being asked (Jdg 14:12–19 passim; Hab 2:6+); 2. LN 28.68–28.83 hidden things, intrigue, something secret and difficult or impossible to be known (Nu 12:8; Ps 78:2; Da 8:23+); 3. LN 33.11–33.25 allegory, i.e., a form of communication using analogy or likeness in the story (Eze 17:2+); 4. LN 33.180–33.188 hard question, i.e., the act. of asking a serious question requiring great wisdom to answer, with no implication of taunting or scorn, but as a wisdom test (1Ki 10:1; 2Ch 9:1; Ps 49:5[EB 4]; Pr 1:6+)

חיה (ḥyh): see 2649

2649 חָיָה (ḥā·yā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2421, 2425; TWOT 644—1. LN 23.88–23.128 (qal) live, i.e., be alive (Ge 5:3); (piel) keep alive, preserve life (Ex 1:22); (hif) keep alive, save a life, spare a life (Ge 6:19); 2. LN 23.88–23.128 (qal) come to life, revive from death (Eze 37:5); (piel) restore to life (1Sa 2:6); (hif) restore a life (2Ki 8:5); 3. LN 23.129–23.141 (qal) recover, revive, i.e., heal from a wounded or ill condition (Jos 5:8); (piel) revive (Ps 85:7[EB 6]); (hif) revive (Isa 57:15); 4. LN 35.36–35.46 (piel) nurture, raise, cause to flourish, formally, preserve life, i.e., care for an object, implying affection (2Sa 12:3; Hos 14:8[EB 7])

2650 חָיֶה (ḥā·yě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 2422; TWOT 644e—LN 23.46–23.60 vigorous, healthy, i.e., pertaining to ease in childbirth (Ex 1:19+), see also domain LN 23.129–23.141

2651 I. חַיָּה (ḥǎy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2416; TWOT 644a—1. LN 4.1 animal, wild beast, i.e., a most general term for an animal, usually a wild animal, with a focus of a being as living or animate (Ge 1:24; Nu 35:3); 2. LN 4.1 animal in a revelation, i.e., a supernatural creature representative in appearance of several different kinds of creatures (Eze 1:5–10:20 passim)

2652 II. חַיָּה (ḥǎy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2416; TWOT 644a—1. LN 23.88–23.128 life, i.e., the center of one’s very being, the self with a focus on animate life (Job 33:18, 20, 22, 28; 36:14; Ps 74:19; 78:50; 143:3; Eze 7:13+); 2. LN 23.29 hunger, i.e., the physical state of needing food (Job 38:39+); 3. LN 13.23 renewal, re-invigoration, i.e., to be in a prior state again (Isa 57:10+)

2653 III. חַיָּה (ḥǎy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2416; TWOT 644a—1. LN 55.7–55.13 group, band, i.e., military troops in one place (2Sa 23:11, 13+); 2. LN 11.1–11.11 group, i.e., a community of people, with a possible implication of this group being like a flock of living creatures (Ps 68:11[EB 10]+); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 home, dwelling place, residence (Ps 68:11[EB 10]+), note: context likely prefers the meaning of “group, band.”

2654 חַיּוּת (ḥǎy·yûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2424; TWOT 644g—LN 67.142–67.162 lifetime, permanent situation, i.e., a presumably long period of time that begins and ends at a certain point (2Sa 20:3+), note: BDB gives an abstract meaning of “widowhood of livingness” which is not understandable to this editor

חַיִּים (ḥǎy·yîm): n.masc.pl.—see 2644

I. חיל (ḥyl): see 2655

II. חיל (ḥyl): see 2656

חיל (ḥyl)[3] Lisowsky: v.—see 2565, 2655, 3498 note: Ge 8:10; Jdg 3:25 see 3498; Mic 1:12 see 2655; Job 35:15, Ps 37:7 see 2565

חִיל (ḥîl) BDB: see 2565, 2655

2655 I. חִיל (ḥîl): v.; ≡ Str 2342; TWOT 623—1. LN 16 (qal) writhe, tremble, twist, i.e., a non-linear motion, often with the associated meaning of distress or physical pain (Isa 13:8); (polel) twist (Ps 29:9+); (hif) shake (Ps 29:8+); 2. LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) bring to birth, be in labor (Jer 4:31); (polel) give birth, bring forth (Job 39:1; Isa 51:2+); 3. LN 42.29–42.40 (polel) create, bring forth, formally, give birth, i.e., create or cause an entity to come into existence (Dt 32:18; Ps 90:2+); (polal) be brought forth, be given birth (Pr 8:24+); (hof) be born (Isa 66:8+); 4. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) be in anguish,, formally, twist, writhe, i.e., have feelings of anxiety and distress as a figurative extension of the non-linear motion of writhing or twisting in pain (Dt 2:25); (polal) be in deep anguish (Job 26:5+); (hitpolel) to suffer torment (Job 15:20+); (hitpalpal) be in distress (Est 4:4+); 5. LN 20.12–20.30 (qal) wound, i.e., physical harm an object, usually with an implement (1Sa 31:3); 6. LN 15.187–15.211 (polel) bring, carry, formally, give birth, i.e., cause an object to be moved in linear motion (Pr 25:23+), note: for another interp of Mic 1:12, see 3498; note: see also 2565; note: for MT text in Ge 8:10; Jdg 3:25, see 3498

2656 II. חִיל (ḥîl): v.; ≡ Str 2342; TWOT 623—LN 67.78–67.141 (qal) endure, i.e., to last a long, indefinite time (Job 20:21; Ps 10:5+), note: some change text in Ps 10:5 to 7503, cf. NIV translates “prosper.”

2657 חַיִל (ḥǎ·yil): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2428, 381; TWOT 624a—1. LN 79.62–79.69 physical strength (2Sa 22:40; Ps 18:40[EB 39]; Ecc 10:10; Zec 4:6); 2. LN 57.25–57.35 wealth (Ge 34:29; Nu 31:9; Dt 8:17, 18; Job 20:18); 3. LN 75 ability, special ability or capability, qualified for a task (Ge 47:6; Ex 18:21, 25; 2Ki 2:16; 1Ch 26:6); 4. LN 55.7–55.13 troops, army (Ex 14:4, 9, 17, 28; 15:4; Nu 31:14); 5. LN 37.48–37.95 strong, political or military strength (Nu 24:18); 6. LN 88.1–88.11 noble character, strong character, worthy person (Ru 3:11; 1Ki 1:42; Pr 12:4; 31:10); 7. LN 15.150 large group, caravan, i.e., a non-military travel-merchant group (1Ki 10:2; 2Ch 9:1); 8. LN 23.46–23.60 vigor, strength, manhood, i.e., the male strength given in the sex act. (Pr 31:3); 9. LN 11.12–11.54 group, i.e., a socio-religious group of exiles (Ob 20); 10. LN 80 unit: חַיִל אֶל חַיִל (ḥǎ·yil ʾěl ḥǎ·yil) place to place, formally, strength to strength, i.e., to go from one physical place to another, either from town to town or from an outer wall to an inner wall, or some other place to place (Ps 84:8[EB 7]); 11. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: בֵּן חַיִל (bēn ḥǎ·yil) brave soldier, formally, son of strength, i.e., an elite fighting soldier (2Sa 17:10); 12. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: גִּבּוֹר חַיִל (gib·bôr ḥǎ·yil) mighty man, formally, mighty of strength, i.e., an elite soldier (1Ch 11:26), note: for another interp of Zec 9:4 see 2658; note: Ob 20 oth 2658; as a part of a compound name, Ben-Hail, see 1211

2658 חֵיל (ḥêl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2426, 2430; TWOT 623e—1. LN 7.59–7.62 ramparts, i.e., small defense walls as an outer fortification of the main defensive wall (2Sa 20:15; 1Ki 21:23; Ps 48:14[EB 13]; 122:7; Isa 26:1; La 2:8; Na 3:8+), note: for another interp, see next, note: for NIV parsing, Zec 9:4, Ob 20 see 2657; 2. LN 80.1–80.4 intervening space, i.e., the space between an outer defensive wall and the main wall, which may include a moat (2Sa 20:15; 1Ki 21:23; Ps 48:14[EB 13]; 122:7; Isa 26:1; La 2:8; Na 3:8+), note: though a possible meaning, this is contextually more likely a wall construction

2659 חִיל (ḥîl) BDB: n.masc.; ≡ Str 2427; TWOT 623b—LN 25.251–25.269 intense frightful pain, anguish and fear as a figurative extension of labor pains (Ex 15:14; Ps 48:7[EB 6]; Jer 6:24; 22:23; 50:43; Mic 4:9+), see also domain LN 25.223–25.250

חֵילָה (ḥê·lā(h)) BDB: see 2658 + 2023 (Ps 48:14)

2660 חִילָה (ḥî·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2427; TWOT 623b—LN 25.223–25.250 intense frightful pain, anguish that may incur a physical response such as writhing (Job 6:10+)

2661 חִילֵז (ḥî·lēz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2432;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hilez (1Ch 6:43[EB 58]+), note: emend MT text to 2664

2662 חֵילֵךְ (ḥê·lēḵ): n.pr. [BDB: text?, n.masc.]; ≡ Str 2428; TWOT 624a—LN 93-place (Tanakh, RSV, NRSV, NIV) (gent.) Helech (Eze 27:11+), note: BDB and most versions: respell (or simply read) text as “armies,” or “valiant men;” WBC, “of Cilicia;” NEB, REB, delete text? (NAB?); note: identification as Cilicia is most likely

2663 חֵילָם (ḥê·lām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2431;—LN 93-place (loc.) Helam: site in Syria (2Sa 10:16+), see also 2691

2664 חִילֵן (ḥî·lēn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2432;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hilen: town in the hill country of Judah (1Ch 6:43[EB 58]+), see also 2708, note: for MT variant, see 2661

חֵילָן (ḥê·lān) BDB: see 2664

2665 חִין (ḥîn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2433; TWOT 694c—LN 15.246–15.247 gracefulness, i.e., a movement that is not halting or awkward while swimming in the water (Job 41:4[EB 12]+), note: for textual solution to the difficult verse, see comm

2666 חַיִץ (ḥǎ·yiṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2434; TWOT 628a—LN 7.59–7.62 flimsy wall, i.e., an inner wall of a construction of loose unmortared stones, with an outer plaster; appears to be a strong mortared wall (Eze 13:10+)

2667 חִיצוֹן (ḥî·ṣôn): adj.; ≡ Str 2435; TWOT 627b—LN 84.1–84.15 outer, exterior, i.e., pertaining to an external thing relative to a source (1Ki 6:29)

2668 חֵיק (ḥêq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2436; TWOT 629a—1. LN 8.39 lap, bosom, i.e., an area of the body between the waist and arms (Ge 16:5; Nu 11:12; Ru 4:16; 2Sa 12:3; 1Ki 3:20; Pr 5:20; 6:27), note: this is the area where one embraces and cuddles as an act. of love and warmth; 2. LN 6.152–6.187 garment, i.e., a fold of a piece of clothing, with a focus on the lap or chest area of the garment (Ex 4:6, 7; Pr 21:14); 3. LN 6.52–6.53 floor, i.e., the bottom of a construction (1Ki 22:35), note: this might possibly be a gutter or hollow in the bottom of a chariot; 4. LN 7.63–7.76 gutter, i.e., a lower part of a construction below a floor area to carry off liquids (Eze 43:13, 14, 17); 5. LN 25.33–25.58 heart, i.e., the center of one’s affections and love (Dt 13:7[EB 6]; 28:54, 56; Ps 89:51[EB 50]; Isa 40:11)

2669 חִירָה (ḥî·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2437;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hirah: from Adullam, friend of Judah (Ge 38:1, 12+)

2670 חִירוֹם (ḥî·rôm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2438;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hiram: 1. king of Tyre (1Ki 5:24[EB 10],32[EB 18]+), see also 2586(3.), 2671(1.) 2. a skilled craftsman (1Ki 7:40+), see also 2586(1.), 2587, 2671(2.)

2671 חִירָם (ḥî·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2438;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hiram: 1. king of Tyre (2Sa 5:11; 1Ki 5:15–26[EB 1Ki 5:1–12] passim; 9:11–10:22 passim; 1Ch 14:1 K; 2Ch 9:10 K), see also 2586(3.), 2670(1.) 2. (Huram NIV) a skilled craftsman (1Ki 7:13, 40, 45+), note: see also 2586(1.), 2587, 2670(2.)

2672 חִירֹת (ḥî·rōṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6367;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hiroth: 1. a deity Hathor (not used in HB); 2. also part of a compound name, Pi Hahiroth, see 7084

2673 חִישׁ (ḥîš): adv.; ≡ Str 2440; TWOT 631a—LN 67.110 quickly, in haste, i.e., pertaining to the swift passage of time and so a brief extent of time (Ps 90:10+)

2674 חֵךְ (ḥēḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2441; TWOT 692a—1. LN 8 lips, i.e., the part of the mouth used to sound a trumpet (Hos 8:1+); 2. LN 8 mouth, i.e., the area of the face which consumes food and speaks (Job 20:13; 31:30; 33:2; Pr 5:3; 8:7; SS 5:16; 7:10[EB 9]+); 3. LN 8 tongue, i.e., the organ of taste and discrimination of tastes (Job 6:30; 12:11; 34:3; Ps 119:103; Pr 24:13; SS 2:3+); 4. LN 8 palate, roof of the mouth (Ps 29:10; Ps 137:6; La 4:4; Eze 3:26+)

חכה (ḥkh): see 2675

2675 חָכָה (ḥā·ḵā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2442; TWOT 645—LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) wait for, i.e., continue to be in a certain state until an expected event, implying a desire to see the event occur (Isa 30:18b+); (piel) lie in wait (2Ki 7:9; 9:3; Job 3:21; 32:4; Ps 33:20; 106:13; Isa 8:17; 30:18a; 64:3[EB 4]; Da 12:12; Hos 6:9; Hab 2:3; Zep 3:8+)

2676 חַכָּה (ḥǎk·kā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2443; TWOT 693c—LN 6.10–6.13 fishhook, i.e., a small, sharp, implement used to lure into the mouth of the fish, or snag on the body and so catch them (Job 40:25[EB 41:1]; Isa 19:8; Hab 1:15+)

2677 חֲכִילָה (ḥǎḵî·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2444;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hakilah: hill in Hebron region (1Sa 23:19; 26:1, 3+)

2678 חֲכַלְיָה (ḥǎḵǎl·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2446;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hacaliah: father of Nehemiah (Ne 1:1; 10:2[EB 1]+)

חַכְלִילוּת (ḥǎḵ·lî·lûṯ) BDB: see 2680

2679 חַכְלִילִי (ḥǎḵ·lî·lî): adj.; ≡ Str 2447; TWOT 646a—1. LN 79.9–79.17 dark and sparkling, i.e., pertaining to eyes that are healthy and lovely, with an associative meaning of prosperity (Ge 49:12+), note: this interp has a מִן (min) of comparison “than”, for another interp, see next; 2. LN 79.60–79.61 dull, i.e., pertaining to drinking an abundance of wine and so being inebriated (Ge 49:12+), note: this meaning is not as likely as prior entry

2680 חַכְלִלוּת (ḥǎḵ·li·lûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2448; TWOT 646b—LN 79.60–79.61 dimness, dullness, i.e., bloodshot eyes or bleary sight due to excess drinking (Pr 23:29+)

חכם (ḥkm): see 2681

2681 חָכַם (ḥā·ḵǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2449; TWOT 647—1. LN 32.24–32.41 (qal) be wise, i.e., to have and impart a special kind of understanding (Dt 32:29); (piel) make wise (Job 35:11; Ps 119:98+); (pual) be wise (Pr 30:24+); (hif) make wise (Ps 19:8[EB 7]+); (hitp) deal shrewdly show oneself wise (Ex 1:10; Ecc 7:16+); 2. LN 28.1–28.16 (qal) be skillful, i.e., have specialized knowledge which results in abilities for accomplishing some purpose or goal (Zec 9:2); (pual) be skillful (Ps 58:6[EB 5]); 3. LN 33.224–33.250 (piel) teach wisdom, instruct in wisdom, i.e., speak in a formal or informal setting with a focus on imparting wisdom as the goal of the instruction (Ps 105:22+)

2682 חָכָם (ḥā·ḵām): adj.; ≡ Str 2450; TWOT 647b—1. LN 32.33 wise, shrewd, i.e., a capacity for understanding and discernment (Pr 10:8); 2. LN 28.1–28.16 skilled, i.e., pertaining to the knowledge of a craftsman in some technical work (Ex 35:10, 25; 36:1, 2, 4, 8; Isa 3:3; Jer 10:9; Eze 27:8)

חָכָם (ḥā·ḵām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2450; TWOT 647b—1. LN 32.24–32.41 learned sage, wise man, i.e., a class of persons that interp divinations, prophecies, manic or enthusiastic events, etc. (Isa 44:25); 2. LN 32.24–32.41 wise man, i.e., one who has a fear of the LORD and a capacity for understanding that leads to a blessed, prosperous life (Pr 1:5–30:24 passim)

2683 חָכְמָה (ḥāḵ·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2451; TWOT 647a—1. LN 32.32 wisdom, i.e., the capacity to understand and so have skill in living, implying adherence to a set standard (Dt 4:6; 1Ki 5:9[EB 4:29]); 2. LN 55 skill in war (Isa 10:13); 3. LN 28.1–28.16 skill, i.e., a technical ability to do a craft (Ex 28:3)

חַכְמוֹנִי (ḥǎḵ·mô·nî): see 2685

2684 חָכְמוֹת (ḥāḵ·môṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 2454; TWOT 647a—LN 32.24–32.41 wisdom, i.e., the content of a specialized understanding (Ps 49:4[EB 3]; Pr 1:20; 9:1; 24:7+)

2685 חַכְמֹנִי (ḥǎḵ·mō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2453;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hacmoni: 1. royal family attendant of David (1Ch 27:32+) 2. father of a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:11+), note: both these references may be understood as gentilic in form and meaning “Hacmonite”

2686 חָכַר (ḥā·ḵǎr): v.; ≡ Str 1970; TWOT 495—LN 33.406–33.411 (qal) attack, i.e., speak words with vigor that mock and ridicule, with no apparent attempt to reconcile or teach (Job 19:3+), note: for MT see 2128

חֵל (ḥēl) BDB: see 2658

2687 חֹל (ḥōl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2455; TWOT 623a, 661a—LN 53.33–53.40 what is common, what is ordinary, i.e., what is not holy or sacred and so not fit for religious worship, service or proper action (Lev 10:10; 1Sa 21:5[EB 4],6[EB 5]; Eze 22:26; 42:20; 44:23; 48:15+)

חלא (ḥlʾ): see 2688

2688 חָלָא (ḥā·lā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 2456; TWOT 648—LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) fall ill, be afflicted with a disease, i.e., get sick (2Ch 16:12+), note: Isa 53:10 in Lisowsky see 2703

2689 I. חֶלְאָה (ḥěl·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2457; TWOT 649a—LN 2.60 impure deposit, encrustation of greenish corrosion, i.e., copper rust, or some other impurity on a copper pot, implying it to be an unclean substance like filth (Eze 24:6,11, 12+)

2690 II. חֶלְאָה (ḥěl·ʾā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2458;—LN 93-pers. (female) Helah: wife of Ashhur (1Ch 4:5, 7+)

חֲלָאִים (ḥǎlā·ʾîm) BDB: see 2717 (SS 7:2+)

2691 חֵלָאם (ḥē·lā(ʾ)m): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2431;—LN 93-place (loc.) Helam: an unidentified site in Syria (2Sa 10:17+), see also 2663

חֵלָאמָה (ḥē·lā(ʾ)·mā(h)) BDB: see 2025 + 2663

2692 חָלָב (ḥā·lāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2461; TWOT 650a—1. LN 5.19 milk, i.e., a naturally occurring food for infants of humans and animal, from the lactating female of the species, also as a human food from certain animals (Ge 18:8; 49:12; Ex 23:19; 34:26; Dt 14:21; 32:14; Jdg 4:19; 5:25; Job 10:10; 21:24; Pr 27:27; 30:33; SS 4:11; 5:1, 12; Isa 7:22; 28:9; 55:1; 60:16; La 4:7; Eze 25:4; Joel 4:18[EB 3:18]), note: cf. also 2697; 2. LN 5.1–5.22 unit: חָרִיץ הַ־ חָלָב (ḥā·rîṣ hǎ- ḥā·lāḇ) cheese, processed milk, formally, slices of milk, i.e., coagulated, compressed and usually aged milk curd (1Sa 17:18+); 3. LN 4.1–4.37 unit: טָלֶה חָלָב (ṭā·lě(h) ḥā·lāḇ) unweaned lamb, young lamb, formally, lamb of milk (1Sa 7:9+); 4. LN 59.48–59.61 unit: זוּב חָלָב וְ־ דְּבַשׁ (zûḇ ḥā·lāḇ w- deḇǎš) bounteous, abundant, formally, flowing with milk and honey (Ex 3:8, 17; 13:5; 33:3; Lev 20:24; Nu 13:27; 14:8; 16:13, 14; Dt 6:3; 11:9; 26:9, 15; 27:3; 31:20; Jos 5:6; Jer 11:5; 32:22; Eze 20:6, 15+)

2693 I. חֵלֶב (ḥē·lěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2459; TWOT 651a—1. LN 5.1–5.22 fat, i.e., lipid tissue of an animal, a part of an animal’s body as a sacrifice (Ex 23:18; Lev 8:26); 2. LN 59.48–59.61 bounty, i.e., a figurative extension of fat as a sign of prosperity (Ge 45:18); 3. LN 79 the finest, best part, i.e., the figurative extension of fat as a choice portion, pertaining to olive and wine products and other products as choice, as the feature of an object (Nu 18:12, 29; Dt 32:14; Ps 81:17[EB 16]); 4. LN 88.223–88.226 a callous heart (Ps 17:10; 73:7; 119:70)

2694 II. חֵלֶב (ḥē·lěḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2460;—LN 93-pers. (male) Heleb: son of Baanah (2Sa 23:29+), note: for NIV text, see 2699

2695 חֶלְבָּה (ḥěl·bā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2462;—LN 93-place (loc.) Helbah: town in Asher (Jdg 1:31+)

2696 חֶלְבּוֹן (ḥěl·bôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2463;—LN 93-place (loc.) Helbon: site in the Damascus area (Eze 27:18+)

2697 חֶלְבְּנָה (ḥěl·benā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2464; TWOT 652—LN 3.13–3.32 galbanum, i.e., a yellowish to green or brown aromatic bitter gum resin from three species of the Ferula plant family, used to make incense (Ex 30:34+)

2698 חֶלֶד (ḥě·lěḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2465; TWOT 653a—1. LN 67.142–67.162 duration of life, time span of one’s life, i.e., an indefinite length of time, with a focus on the life lived in that time frame (Job 11:17; Ps 39:6[EB 5]; 89:48[EB 47]+); 2. LN 1.39–1.45 this world, i.e., this present world in contrast, with a focus as a temporary thing (Ps 17:14; 49:2[EB 1]+), note: for another text, see 2535

2699 חֵלֶד (ḥē·lěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2466;—LN 93-pers. (male) Heled: of Netophath (1Ch 11:30), note: for MT text in 2Sa 23:29, see 2694

2700 חֹלֶד (ḥō·lěḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2467; TWOT 654a—LN 4.1–4.37 rodent, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: that which moves about on the ground; (KJV, NIV, ASV, RSV, NRSV, NEB ftn) weasel; (NASB, NKJV, NJB, Tanakh) mole; (NEB, REB) rat-mole; (NAB) rat (Lev 11:29+), note: KB, Holladay identifies as a blind-rat Spalax ehrenbergi, note: KB3 Palax Sehrenbergi taken as casual error

2701 חֻלְדָּה (ḥǔl·dā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2468;—LN 93-pers. (female) Huldah: prophetess in the days of King Josiah (2Ki 22:14; 2Ch 34:22+)

2702 חֶלְדַּי (ḥěl·dǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2469;—LN 93-pers. (male) Heldai: 1. military commander (1Ch 27:15+) 2. gold supplier for priestly crown (Zec 6:10, 14+), note: for MT text, see 2732

חלה (ḥlh): see 2703, 2704

2703 I. חָלָה (ḥā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2470; TWOT 655—1. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) be ill, weak, faint, diseased (Ge 48:1); (nif) be sick (Da 8:27); (piel) afflict (Dt 29:21[EB 22]+); (hif) cause illness (Hos 7:5+); (hitp) appear ill, feel sick (2Sa 13:2, 5, 6+); 2. LN 20.12–20.30 (qal) be wounded, injured, i.e., be physically harmed (2Ki 1:2); (nif) internally wounded, so a very serious, even deadly wound (Jer 10:19); (hif) cause to suffer with wounds (Isa 53:10+); (hof) be wounded (1Ki 22:34; 2Ch 18:33; 35:23+); 3. LN 76 (qal) weak, i.e., pertaining to having normal health yet not have much power in comparison to another object (Jdg 16:7); (nif) be weak (Eze 34:4); (pual) become weak (Isa 14:10+); 4. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) feel grief, formally, be ill, i.e., have an anxiety or feelings of concern, as a figurative extension of being physically ill (1Sa 22:8); (nif) be grieved (Am 6:6); (hif) cause to grieve (Pr 13:12+); 5. LN 23.78–23.87 (nif) be tired, be worn out, i.e., be in need of rest and so tired, but not necessarily ill (Jer 12:13), note: see also 2688; for another interp of the fem. ptcp. in Jer 10:19; 14:17; 30:12; Ne 3:19, see 5710

2704 II. חָלָה (ḥā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2470; TWOT 655—LN 33.161–33.177 (piel) entreat, implore, seek favor, intercede, i.e., ask a request of another, with the focus as a positive, humble request with no commanding or demanding (Ex 32:11; 1Sa 13:12; 1Ki 13:6; 2Ki 13:4; 2Ch 33:12; Job 11:19; Ps 45:13[EB 12]; 77:11[EB 10]; 119:58; Pr 19:6; Jer 26:19; Da 9:13; Zec 7:2; 8:21, 22; Mal 1:9+)

2705 חַלָּה (ḥǎl·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2471; TWOT 660b—LN 5.1–5.22 ring-shaped bread cakes (Ex 29:2, 23; Lev 2:4; 7:12,13; 8:26; 24:5; Nu 6:15, 19; 15:20; 2Sa 6:19+)

2706 חֲלוֹם (ḥǎlôm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2472; TWOT 663a—1. LN 33.476–33.489 dream, a series of thoughts, images, or feelings that occur during sleep as a natural altered state of awareness, with a focus on the images a dream invokes (Job 20:8; Ps 73:20; Ecc 5:2, 6); 2. LN 28.28–28.56 dream revelation, i.e., a communication from God to make something known, which may include both verbal, rational communication, as well as images (Ge 20:3, 6; 31:10, 11, 24; 37:5–42:9 passim; Dt 13:2, 4, 6); 3. LN 53.66–53.95 unit: בַּעַל הַ־ חֲלוֹם (bǎ·ʿǎl hǎ- ḥǎlôm) interpreter of dreams, formally, lord of dreams, i.e., one who is of a prophetic class with a special ability to understand the meaning of dream (Ge 37:19), note: though likely said sarcastically, Joseph manifests this ability in Ge 40:5ff, note: this may have a more common meaning of “dreamer,” i.e., one who dreams, see LN 33.476–33.489

2707 חַלּוֹן (ḥǎl·lôn): n.masc. and fem.; ≡ Str 2474; TWOT 660c—LN 7.47 window, i.e., an opening in a construction for purpose of passage of light, ventilation, or items, of many differing sizes, positions and designs (Ge 8:6; 26:8; 1Sa 19:12), note: for another interp in Jer 22:14, see 2709

2708 חֹלוֹן (ḥō·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2473;—LN 93-place (loc.) Holon: 1. town in the hill country of Judah (Jos 15:51; 21:15+), see also 2664 2. site in Moab (Jer 48:21+)

2709 חַלּוֹנָי (ḥǎl·lô·nāy): adv. [oth n.masc.pl. + 1cs.suff.]—see 2707 (Jer 22:14+)

2710 חֲלוֹף (ḥǎlôp̄): n.masc. [KB: text?, oth qal inf.cs. of 2736]; ≡ Str 2475; TWOT 666b—LN 57.37–57.48 needy, destitute, unfortunate, i.e., those who are of a class of persons lacking abilities or resources, with a focus on the transitoriness or vulnerability of their situation (Pr 31:8+)

חָלוּץ (ḥā·lûṣ): adj. [oth qal pass.ptcp. of 2741]; ≡ Str 2475; TWOT 666b—LN 55.2–55.6 equipped, armed, i.e., have the equipment and preparation for military battle (Nu 31:5; 32:21, 27, 29, 30, 32; Dt 3:18; Jos 4:13; 6:7, 9, 13; 1Ch 12:24[EB 23],25[EB 24]; 2Ch 17:18; 20:21; 28:14; Isa 15:4+)

חַלּוּק (ḥǎl·lûq) Lisowsky: see 2752

2711 חֲלוּשָׁה (ḥǎlû·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2476; TWOT 671b—LN 39.52–39.61 defeat, i.e., the state of being conquered by another in a hostile action, which would be accompanied by sounds of mourning, wailing, suffering, etc. (Ex 32:18+)

2712 חֲלַח (ḥǎlǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2477;—LN 93-place (loc.) Halah: town in Assyria on the Habor River (2Ki 17:6; 18:11; 1Ch 5:26+)

2713 חַלְחוּל (ḥǎl·ḥûl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2478;—LN 93-place (loc.) Halhul: town of Judah near Hebron, (Jos 15:58+)

2714 חַלְחָלָה (ḥǎl·ḥā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2479; TWOT 623f—1. LN 25.223–25.250 anguish, i.e., a state of great worry (Eze 30:4, 9+); 2. LN 24.77–24.94 physical pain that may cause trembling and quivering in a basal response (Isa 21:3+); 3. LN 25.251–25.269 fear, i.e., severe fear that causes a basal response of trembling (Na 2:11[EB 10]+)

חלט (ḥlṭ): see 2715

2715 חָלַט (ḥā·lǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 2480; TWOT 658—LN 31.50–31.57 (qal impf.) accept as true, i.e., take a pronouncement as valid (1Ki 20:33+), note: some parse as Hif.

2716 חֳלִי (ḥǒlî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2483; TWOT 655a—1. LN 23.142–23.184 illness, sickness (Dt 7:15; 28:59, 61; 1Ki 17:17; 2Ki 8:8, 9; 13:14; 2Ch 16:12; 21:15,18, 19; Ps 41:4[EB 3]; Isa 38:9; Hos 5:13+); 2. LN 20.12–20.30 wound, injury, i.e., the result of a blow or hit (2Ki 1:2; Isa 1:5; Jer 6:7; 10:19+); 3. LN 22.1–22.14 affliction, trouble (Ecc 5:16[EB 17]; Isa 53:3, 4+); 4. LN 88.105–88.125 unit: חֳלִי רַע (ḥǒlî rǎʿ)1 grievous evil, formally, evil of affliction (Ecc 6:2+)

2717 I. חֲלִי (ḥǎlî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2481; TWOT 657a—LN 6.188–6.196 ornament, i.e., a beautiful finely crafted article for adornment (Pr 25:12; SS 7:2[EB 1]+), note: context seems to indicate a specific shape is in mind, some ety. arguments favor a neck ornament

2718 II. חֲלִי (ḥǎlî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2482;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hali: southern border town of Asher, (Jos 19:25+)

2719 חֶלְיָה (ḥěl·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2484; TWOT 657b—LN 6.188–6.196 jewelry, ornament, i.e., an item for adorning a woman (Hos 2:15[EB 13]+)

2720 I. חָלִיל (ḥā·lîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2485; TWOT 660d—LN 6.83–6.95 flute, i.e., musical wind instrument with a tube-like cylinder shape, made of wood, reed, or even bone which produced a coarse, shrill, whistling sound, (1Sa 10:5; 1Ki 1:40; Isa 5:12; 30:29; Jer 48:36+)

2721 II. חָלִיל (ḥā·lîl): inj. [BDB: subst.]; ≡ Str 2486; TWOT 661c—LN 91.6–91.12 Never!, Far be it!, Forbid!, i.e., a discourse marker of adversative emphasis (Ge 18:25; 44:7, 17; Jos 22:29; 24:16; 1Sa 2:30; 12:23; 14:45; 20:2, 9; 22:15; 24:7[EB 6]; 26:11; 2Sa 20:20; 23:17; 1Ki 21:3; 1Ch 11:19; Job 27:5; 34:10+), note: 1 and 2 of this lexeme is switched in Lisowsky

חָלִילָה (ḥā·lî·lā(h)) BDB: see 2721

2722 חֲלִיפָה (ḥǎlî·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2487; TWOT 666c—1. LN 6.152–6.187 set of clothing (Ge 45:22; Jdg 14:12, 13, 19; 2Ki 5:5, 22, 23+); 2. LN 55.7–55.13 soldier attack group, i.e., a wave of soldiers (Job 10:17+); 3. LN 13.48–13.68 replacement, i.e., as a new soldier or worker comes on a shift and replaces one on duty, then freeing one to the peace of Sheol, as a change in state (Job 14:14+), note: NIV translates “renewal” apparently relating to a coming to life; 4. LN 11.1–11.11 work group, i.e., a shift of workers (1Ki 5:28[EB 14]+); 5. LN 41.50–41.54 change (Ps 55:20[EB 19]), see also domain LN 13.48–13.68

2723 חֲלִיצָה (ḥǎlî·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2488; TWOT 667a, 668a—LN 57.232–57.248 belongings, plunder, i.e., what is stripped off a slain person (Jdg 14:19; 2Sa 2:21+), note: though a taking of possessions, apparently not a punishable offense and possibly seen as a legitimate right of a conqueror

חֵלְכָּאִים (ḥēlek·kā·ʾîm): see 2724 (Ps 10:10 K+)

2724 חֵלְכָה (ḥē·leḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2489; TWOT 659a—LN 20.12–20.30 victim, i.e., one harmed and so considered as one to be pitied, possibly with an associative meaning of being without good fortune (Ps 10:8, 10 K,14+), note: for Q in Ps 10:10, see 3875

I. חלל (ḥll): see 2725

II. חלל (ḥll): see 2726

III. חלל (ḥll): see 2727

2725 I. חָלַל (ḥā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2490; TWOT 660, 661—1. LN 53.33–53.40 (piel) defile, profane, treat with contempt, i.e., ceremonially or ritually be common and impure in the eyes of deity and/or society, seen as a violation of covenant (Lev 19:8), see also LN 88.256–88.261; (nif) defiled, profaned, desecrated (Lev 21:4, 9; Isa 48:11; Eze 7:24; 20:9, 14, 22; 22:16, 26; 25:3+); (pual) be defiled (Eze 36:23+); (hif) let be profaned (Eze 39:7+); 2. LN 68.1–68.10 (hif) begin, proceed, launch, i.e., initiate a process (Ge 6:1); (hof) be begun (Ge 4:26+); 3. LN 65.30–65.39 (piel) use, formally, make common use of, i.e., make a good use of something of some value, implying an enjoyment of the object (Dt 20:6); 4. LN 87.58–87.75 (piel) dishonor, formally, profane, i.e., cause one to be of lower status and so be in a humbled position (La 2:2); 5. LN 87.58–87.75 unit: (piel) חָלַל גָּאוֹן (ḥā·lǎl gā·ʾôn) humble, formally, degrade the proud, i.e., cause one to be of lower status and so in a humbled position (Isa 23:9); 6. LN 33.463–33.469 unit: (hif) חָלַל דָּבָר (ḥā·lǎl dā·ḇār) break a promise, formally, profane a word, i.e., announce a statement with certainty to occur and then not in fact happen (Nu 30:3[EB 2]), note: for MT text in Mic 6:13, see 2728

2726 II. חָלַל (ḥā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2490; TWOT 660—LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) pierce, i.e., the penetration of a sharp object into the body, which can harm, wound, or even kill (Ps 109:22+); (piel) pierce, wound (Eze 28:7, 9+); (polel) pierce, wound (Pr 26:10; Isa 51:9+); (polal [act.]) pierce (Job 26:13+); (polal [pass.]) pierced, wounded (Isa 53:5+); (pual) pierced, killed (Eze 32:26+); note: in Eze 28:9, see also 2727; Ps 77:11, some parse as 2729; note: in some contexts (such as Eze 28:7), see 2725

2727 III. חָלַל (ḥā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2490; TWOT 660—LN 6.87 (qal ptcp.) play the flute (Ps 87:7+); (piel ptcp.) play flute (1Ki 1:40+), note: for another interp in Ps 87:7+, see 2565; in Eze 28:9, see 2726

2728 I. חָלָל (ḥā·lāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2491; TWOT 660a—LN 20.61–20.88 the dead, one slain, i.e., a casualty that has died, with which contact brings ritual defilement (Ge 34:27), note: for NIV text in Mic 6:13, see 2725

חָלָל (ḥā·lāl): adj.—see 2728

2729 II. חָלָל (ḥā·lāl): adj.; ≡ Str 2491; TWOT 660a—1. LN 88.256–88.261 defiled, i.e., pertaining to one who is ceremonially impure or unclean due to a sexual moral failure (Lev 21:7, 14+), see also domain LN 53.33–53.40; 2. LN 25.186–25.188 profane, unclean, i.e., pertaining to what is reprehensible (Eze 21:30[EB 25]+), see also domain LN 53.33–53.40

חלם (ḥlm): see 2730, 2731

2730 I. חָלַם (ḥā·lǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2492; TWOT 662, 663—1. LN 23.129–23.141 (qal) grow strong, i.e., to become physically stronger as a natural process of development of young into adolescence and adulthood (Job 39:4+); 2. LN 23.129–23.141 (hif) restore to health, i.e., become healthy from a life threatening illness (Isa 38:16+)

2731 II. חָלַם (ḥā·lǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2492; TWOT 662—1. LN 33.476–33.489 (qal) dream, i.e., to have series of thoughts, images, or feelings that occur during sleep as a natural altered state of awareness, with a focus on the images a dream invokes (Ps 126:1; Isa 29:8+); (hif ptcp.) dream (Jer 29:8+); 2. LN 28.28–28.56 (qal) dream revelations, i.e., to receive a communication from God, in a visual form, and so make something known (Ge 28:12; 37:5, 6, 9,10; 40:5, 8; 41:1, 5, 11,15; 42:9; Dt 13:2[EB 1],4[EB 3],6[EB 5]; Jdg 7:13; Jer 23:25; Da 2:1, 3; Joel 3:1[EB 2:28]+)

2732 חֵלֶם (ḥē·lěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2494;—LN 93-pers. (male) [Helem] (Zec 6:14+), note: for NIV text, see 2702(2.)

2733 חַלָּמוּת (ḥǎl·lā·mûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2495; TWOT 664—1. LN 5.18 (most versions) egg (Job 6:6+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 3.13–3.32 plant: several are suggested; bugloss, i.e., a coarse hairy plant Anchusa officinalis; or, (NRSV, NEB, REB, NJB ftn, Tanakh) marsh-mallow plant Althaea officinalis (Job 6:6+), note: (BDB, RSV) purslain (purslane) of the Portulaca family

2734 חַלָּמִישׁ (ḥǎl·lā·mîš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2496; TWOT 665—LN 2.29–2.48 hard rock, flinty rock, i.e., a hard quartz mineral, with a focus on the hardness of the material, and its resulting difficulty to crack (Dt 8:15; 32:13; Job 28:9; Ps 114:8; Isa 50:7+)

2735 חֵלֹן (ḥē·lōn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2497;—LN 93-pers. (male) Helon: of Zebulun, father of census official (Nu 1:9; 2:7; 7:24, 29; Nu 10:16+)

חֹלֹן (ḥō·lōn) BDB: see 2708

I. חלף (ḥlp): see 2736

II. חלף (ḥlp): see 2737

2736 I. חָלַף (ḥā·lǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2498; TWOT 666—1. LN 15.27–15.33 (qal) go by, pass. on, i.e., make linear motion past a reference point, on land, air, or water (1Sa 10:3); 2. LN 58.70–58.75 (qal) be new, i.e., pertaining to what is recent and distinct as a state or class (Ps 90:5); (hif) new (Job 14:7; 29:20+); 3. LN 49 (piel) change, i.e., put on another set of clothing after removing a prior set (Ge 41:14; 2Sa 12:20+); (hif) change clothes (Ge 35:2; Ps 102:27a[EB 26a]+); 4. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) sweep, i.e., the linear movement of water (Isa 8:8); 5. LN 49 (qal) be discarded, formally, pass. on, i.e., the act. of removing clothing from one’s space and possession, as an extension of linear movement past a reference point (Ps 102:27b[EB 26b]); 6. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) be over, formally, pass. by, i.e., have an event or state cease as an extension of linear movement past a reference point (SS 2:11); 7. LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) be removed, disappear, formally, pass. by, i.e., no longer have an object be visible or prominent to the act. of sight (Isa 2:18); 8. LN 36.12–36.30 (qal) violate, formally, pass. by, i.e., to disobey a standard, implying incursion of a penalty (Isa 24:5); 9. (hif) exchange, change, i.e., substitute one thing for another (Ge 31:7, 41; Lev 27:10; Isa 9:9[EB 10]+); 10. LN 23.78–23.87 (hif) rest, renew, i.e., to experience an invigorated, restorative rest (Isa 40:31; 41:1+)

2737 II. חָלַף (ḥā·lǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2498; TWOT 666—LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) (qal) pierce, cut through, i.e., the penetration of a sharp object into the body, which can harm, wound, or even kill (Jdg 5:26; Job 20:24+)

2738 I. חֵלֶף (ḥē·lěp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2501;—LN 93-place (loc.) Heleph: border town of Naphtali (Jos 19:33+)

2739 II. חֵלֶף (ḥē·lěp̄): prep. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 2500; TWOT 666a—LN 57.142–57.145 in return for, i.e., a relationship of exchange of one thing for another (Nu 18:21, 31+)

חלץ (ḥlṣ): see 2740, 2741

2740 I. חָלַץ (ḥā·lǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 2502; TWOT 667, 668—1. LN 49 (qal) take off, remove, i.e., take off a piece of clothing or apparel, with a possible focus that the act. exposes the skin (Dt 25:9; Isa 20:2+); (qal pass.) be taken off (Dt 25:10+); 2. LN 34.1–34.21 (qal) withdrawn favor, i.e., be in a state of disassociation, as an extension of removing an object of clothing (Hos 5:6+); 3. LN 19.27–19.33 (piel) tear out, i.e., splits a collection of connected objects by force (Lev 14:40, 43+); 4. LN 57.232–57.248 (piel) rob, plunder, i.e., take objects from another by force as an extension of splitting a collection of connected objects by force from a main body (Ps 7:5[EB 4]+); 5. LN 21.17–21.24 (piel) deliver, save, rescue, i.e., cause another to be safe from danger (2Sa 22:20; Job 36:15; Ps 6:5[EB 4]; 18:20[EB 19]; 34:8[EB 7]; 50:15; 81:8[EB 7]; 91:15; 116:8; 119:153; 140:2[EB 1]+); (nif) be delivered, saved, rescued (Ps 60:7[EB 5]; 108:7[EB 6]; Pr 11:8, 9+); 6. LN 76 (hif) make strong, strengthen, i.e., cause one to be powerful or strong in the body (Isa 58:11+), note: Isa 58:11, some parse as 2741; 7. LN 17 (qal) expose, i.e., place one in a favorable position to make contact with another object, for some purpose (La 4:3+)

2741 II. חָלַץ (ḥā·lǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 2502; TWOT 667—LN 55.2–55.6 (qal pass.) see also 2710.5; (nif) arm oneself be armed, i.e., have the equipment and preparation for military battle (Nu 31:3; 32:17, 20+)

חָלָץ (ḥā·lāṣ) BDB: see 2743

חֶלֶץ (ḥě·lěṣ) Lisowsky: n.[fem.]—see 2743

2742 חֶלֶץ (ḥě·lěṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2503;—LN 93-pers. (male) Helez: 1. one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:26; 1Ch 11:27; 27:10+) 2. son of Azariah (3.) (1Ch 2:39+)

חֵלֶץ (ḥē·lěṣ) BDB: see 2742

2743 חֲלָצַיִם (ḥǎlā·ṣǎ·yim): n.[fem.] dual; ≡ Str 2504; TWOT 668—1. LN 8 waist, i.e., the area between the lowest ribs and the hip-bones (Isa 5:27; 11:5; 32:11+); 2. LN 8 loins, the area of body used for procreation (Ge 35:11+); 3. LN 9.41–9.45 descendant, formally, flesh and blood, i.e., one who is a direct descendant (1Ki 8:19; 2Ch 6:9+); 4. LN 8 stomach, i.e., the protuberance in the front of the area between the lowest ribs and hip bones (Jer 30:6+); 5. LN 26 heart, the center of one’s being (Job 31:20+); 6. LN 27.55–27.60 unit: אָזַר (ʾā·zǎr) … חֲלָצַיִם (ḥǎlā·ṣǎ·yim) be mentally prepared, formally, gird the loins, (Job 38:3; 40:7+)

I. חלק (ḥlq): see 2744

II. חלק (ḥlq): see 2745

חלק (ḥlq)[3] Holladay: see 2746

2744 I. חָלַק (ḥā·lǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2505; TWOT 669—1. LN 79.7–79.8 (qal) be smooth, creamy, slippery, i.e., pertaining to a state or condition of a moist, viscus food, so easy to swallow (Ps 55:22[EB 21]+); 2. LN 31.58–31.81 (qal) be deceitful, i.e., to give a misleading opinion or thought about what is true, often encouraging wrong behavior (Hos 10:2+); (hif) speak deceit, flatter, seduce (Ps 5:10[EB 9]; 36:3[EB 2]; Pr 2:16; 7:5; 28:23; 29:5; Isa 41:7+)

2745 II. חָלַק (ḥā·lǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2505; TWOT 669—LN 57.55–57.70 (qal) divide, apportion, assign, i.e., divide up and distribute a collection of objects and give them out to a series of persons (Dt 4:19; 29:25[EB 26]; Jos 14:5; 18:2; 22:8; 1Sa 30:24; 2Sa 19:30[EB 29]; 1Ch 24:4, 5; 2Ch 23:18; 28:21; Ne 9:22; 13:13; Job 27:17; 39:17; Pr 17:2; 29:24+); (nif) divided, dispersed, be distributed (Ge 14:15; Nu 26:53, 55, 56; 1Ki 16:21; Job 38:24+), note: MT also has 1Ch 23:6; 24:3, NIV points as qal; (piel) divide, allot, apportion, scatter (Ge 49:7, 27; Ex 15:9; Jos 13:7; 18:10; 19:51; Jdg 5:30; 2Sa 6:19; 1Ki 18:6; 1Ch 16:3; Job 21:17; Ps 22:19[EB 18]; 60:8[EB 7]; 68:13[EB 12]; 108:8[EB 7]; Pr 16:19; Isa 9:2[EB 3]; 34:17; 53:12; La 4:16; Eze 5:1; 47:21; Da 11:39; Joel 4:2[EB 3:2]; Mic 2:4+); (pual) be divided (Isa 33:23; Am 7:17; Zec 14:1+); (hif) get one’s share (Jer 37:12+); (hitp) divide among themselves (Jos 18:5+), note: La 4:16, see also 2746

2746 III. חָלַק (ḥā·lǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2505; TWOT 669—LN 20.31–20.60 (piel) destroy, i.e., cause the ruin of an object, implying harm to the object (La 4:16+), for another interp, see 2745

2747 I. חָלָק (ḥā·lāq): adj.; ≡ Str 2509, 2511; TWOT 670b—1. LN 79.100–79.101 smooth, i.e., pertaining to skin without hair, implying being soft or tender (Ge 27:11+); 2. LN 79 slippery, slick, i.e., pertaining to having a viscus quality which makes movement without friction (Ps 73:18; Pr 5:3+), note: in Jos 11:17; 12:7, for another interp, see 2748; 3. LN 33.365–33.367 flattering, i.e., pertaining to a kind of speech which is an illegitimate form of praise (Ps 12:3[EB 2],4[EB 3]; Pr 26:28; Isa 30:10+), note: BDB parses some of these verses as n.fem. of 2753

חָלָק (ḥā·lāq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2509, 2511;—1. LN 2.14–2.28 smooth stones, i.e., apparently flat smooth surfaces to place objects of worship upon, as an impromptu altar (Isa 57:6+), note: possibly these are object of worship themselves as idols, see also domain LN 6.96–6.101; 2. LN 33.365–33.367 flattery, words that are illegitimate praise (Eze 12:24+)

2748 II. חָלָק (ḥā·lāq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2510;—LN 93-place (terr) Halak: mountain ridge (Jos 11:17; 12:7+), note: oth as a, see 2747

2749 I. חֵלֶק (ḥē·lěq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2506; TWOT 669a—LN 33.26–33.34 unit: חֵלֶק שָׂפָה (ḥē·lěq śā·p̄ā(h)) seductive words, formally, smoothness of lips, i.e., a manner and content of speaking to persuade, in context sexually suggestive or seductive words (Pr 7:21+)

2750 II. חֵלֶק (ḥē·lěq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2506; TWOT 669a—1. LN 63.13–63.20 share of something, portion, allotment, a part of something, implying it is assigned (Ge 14:24; Dt 10:9); 2. LN 1.39–1.45 plot of ground, i.e., a relatively small parcel of ground (2Ki 9:10); 3. LN 38.14–38.20 reward (Ps 17:14; Ecc 2:10); 4. LN 13.104–13.163 fate, lot, i.e., what happens with a focus on something parted out by choice (Job 20:29; 27:13; Ecc 3:22; Hab 1:16); 5. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: חֵלֶק יַעֲקֹב (ḥē·lěq yǎ·ʿǎqōḇ) Portion of Jacob, i.e., a title of the LORD (Jer 10:16; 51:19)

2751 III. חֵלֶק (ḥē·lěq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2507;—LN 93-pers. (male) Helek: of Manasseh (Nu 26:30; Jos 17:2+), see also 2757

2752 חַלֻּק (ḥǎl·lǔq): adj.; ≡ Str 2512; TWOT 670d—LN 79 smooth, i.e., pertaining to stones slightly smaller than a fist, and so be aerodynamic and stable for flight as a weapon, as the quality of an object (1Sa 17:40+)

2753 I. חֶלְקָה (ḥěl·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2513; TWOT 670c—1. LN 8 unit: חֶלְקָה צַוָּאר (ḥěl·qā(h) ṣǎw·wā(ʾ)r) smooth part of a neck, formally, smoothness of the neck, i.e., a part of the body that does not grow head or facial hair (Ge 27:16+); 2. LN 33.365–33.367 unit: חֶלְקָה לָשׁוֹן (ḥěl·qā(h) lā·šôn) flattery, formally, smoothness of tongue, i.e., speech which flatters or seduces (Pr 6:24+), note: this form difficult to distinguish from afem. of 2747

2754 II. חֶלְקָה (ḥěl·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2513; TWOT 670c—LN 1.39–1.45 tract of land, portion, i.e., a piece of land (Ge 33:19; Dt 33:21; Jos 24:32; Ru 2:3; 4:3; 2Sa 14:30,31; 23:11, 12; 2Ki 3:19, 25; 9:21, 25, 26; 1Ch 11:13, 14; Job 24:18; Jer 12:10; Am 4:7+), note: in some contexts the focus of being a part of a larger piece of ground has been totally lost, and so is just a tract of land of an undetermined size

2755 חֲלֻקָּה (ḥǎlǔq·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2515; TWOT 669c—1. LN 63.13–63.20 part, portion (2Ch 35:5+); 2. LN 11.47 unit: חֲלֻקָּה בַּיִת אָב (ḥǎlǔq·qā(h) bǎ·yiṯ ʾāḇ) working group, formally, portion of the house of father, based in a clan relationship (2Ch 35:5+), see also domain LN 53.66–53.95

2756 חֲלַקָּה (ḥǎlǎq·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2514; TWOT 670e—LN 33.365–33.367 flattery, i.e., a kind of speech which is an illegitimate form of praise (Da 11:32+)

2757 חֶלְקִי (ḥěl·qî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2516;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Helekite: pertaining to Helek (Nu 26:30+), see also 2751

2758 חֶלְקָי (ḥěl·qāy): n.pr. [Holladay: gent.]; ≡ Str 2517;—LN 93-pers. (male) Helkai: priest (Ne 12:15+), note: oth interp as a gentilic

2759 חִלְקִיָּה (ḥil·qiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2518;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hilkiah: 1. father of Eliakim (2Ki 18:37+) see also 2760(1.) 2. high priest during the reign of Josiah (2Ki 22:8, 10, 12; 1Ch 5:39[EB 6:13]; 9:11; 2Ch 35:8; Ezr 7:1; Ne 11:11+), see also 2760(4.) 3. of Levi, temple musician (1Ch 6:30[EB 45]+) 4. see 2760(2.) 5. one who stood beside Ezra (Ne 8:4+) 6. returnee with Zerubbabel from the captivity (Ne 12:7, 21+) 7. see 2760(3.) 8. father of courier (Jer 29:3+)

2760 חִלְקִיָּהוּ (ḥil·qiy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2518;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hilkiahu (Hilkiah NIV): 1. father of Eliakim (2Ki 18:18, 26; Isa 22:20; 36:3, 22+), see also 2759(1.) 2. grandson of Hosah (1Ch 26:11+) 3. father of Jeremiah (Jer 1:1+) 4. high priest during the reign of Josiah (2Ki 22:4, 8, 14; 23:4, 24; 2Ch 34:9, 14, 15,18, 20, 22+) see also 2759(2.)

2761 חֲלַקְלַק (ḥǎlǎq·lǎq): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2519; TWOT 670f—1. LN 79 (pl.) slipperiness, slickness, i.e., having the state or quality of viscosity, and so be treacherous to walk upon (Ps 35:6; Jer 23:12+); 2. LN 33.251–33.255 empty words, i.e., words that promise, but are not fulfilled, with a focus on the flattering quality of the promises (Da 11:21, 34+), note: some translate as “hypocrisy” and “intrigues” as more specific kinds of falsehoods

חֲלַקְלַקּוֹת (ḥǎlǎq·lǎq·qôṯ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 2761

2762 חֶלְקַת (ḥěl·qǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2520;—LN 93-place (loc.) Helkath: border town of Asher (Jos 19:25; 21:31+), see also 2577; also part of a compound name, Helkath Hazzurim, see 2763

2763 חֶלְקַת הַצֻּרִים (ḥěl·qǎṯ hǎṣ·ṣǔ·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2521;—LN 93-place (loc.) Helkath Hazzurim: place in Gibeon (2Sa 2:16+)

חלשׁ (ḥlš) Lisowsky and KB: see 2764, 2765

חלשׁ (ḥlš)[1] Holladay: see 2764

חלשׁ (ḥlš)[2] Holladay: see 2765

2764 I. חָלַשׁ (ḥā·lǎš): v.; ≡ Str 2522; TWOT 671—LN 23.88–23.128 (qal impf.) lose all power, i.e., death, with a focus on the powerlessness and lack of strength in death(Job 14:10+)

2765 II. חָלַשׁ (ḥā·lǎš): v.; ≡ Str 2522; TWOT 671—LN 39.52–39.61 (qal) overcome, defeat, i.e., militarily conquer another nation (Ex 17:13; Isa 14:12+)

2766 חַלָּשׁ (ḥǎl·lāš): n.masc. [oth adj.]; ≡ Str 2523; TWOT 671a—LN 76 weakling, weak person, i.e., one with little strength or ability in contrast to a mighty warrior (Joel 4:10[EB 3:10]+), see also domain LN 74

2767 I. חָם (ḥām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2524; TWOT 674a—LN 10.53–10.61 father-in-law, i.e., the spouse’s blood father (Ge 38:13, 25; 1Sa 4:19, 21+), note: in context it is always the husband’sing. blood father

2768 II. חָם (ḥām): adj.; ≡ Str 2525; TWOT 677b—1. LN 79.70–79.77 hot, warm, i.e., pertaining to the quality of an object as warm to the touch, implying freshness or newness of a food (Jos 9:12+); 2. LN 14.63–14.73 sweltering, i.e., pertaining to a body’s internal regulation of temperature feeling hot and sweaty caused by hot weather (Job 37:17+)

2769 III. חָם (ḥām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2526;—LN 93-pers. Ham: 1. son of Noah (Ge 5:32; 6:10; 7:13; 9:18,22; 10:1, 6, 20; 1Ch 1:4, 8+) 2. (gent.) Hamite: pertaining to Ham (1Ch 4:40+)

חָם (ḥām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2526;—LN 93-place (terr) another name for Egypt (Ps 78:51; 105:23, 27; 106:22+), see also 2154

2770 חֹם (ḥōm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2527; TWOT 677a—1. LN 14.63–14.73 heat, i.e., high temperatures in the season of summer (Ge 8:22; 18:1; 1Sa 11:11; 2Sa 4:5; Job 24:19; Isa 18:4; Jer 17:8+), see also domain LN 79.70–79.77 or LN 67.163; 2. LN 79.70–79.77 hot, i.e., quality of an object as hot to the touch (1Sa 21:7[EB 6]+)

2771 חֵמָא (ḥē·mā(ʾ)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2534; TWOT 860a—LN 88.171–88.191 anger, wrath, fury, rage, i.e., a very strong feeling of displeasure, hostility, and antagonism, usually in relation to a wrong, real or imagined, as an extension of the heat and burning feeling one can have when one is emotionally worked up and in strife and turmoil (Da 11:44+), see also 2779

2772 חֶמְאָה (ḥěm·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2529; TWOT 672a—1. LN 5.1–5.22 curds, soured milk, leben, i.e., the malleable but relatively solid and thick protein rich part of coagulated milk, as a process food (Ge 18:8; Dt 32:14; Jdg 5:25; 2Sa 17:29; Isa 7:15, 22+); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 butter, i.e., a relatively solid milk product stirred or churned from cream, as a processed food (Pr 30:33+), see also 4717; 3. LN 5.1–5.22 cream, i.e., a relatively fluid, rich, fat portion of milk, its presence as a figurative extension of abundance, as an unprocessed food (Job 20:17; 29:6+), see also domain LN 59.48–59.61

חמד (ḥmd): see 2773

2773 חָמַד (ḥā·mǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 2530; TWOT 673—1. LN 25.12–25.32 (qal) covet, lust, desire, i.e., strongly desire another’s possessions (Ex 20:17; 34:24; Dt 5:21[MT 18]; 7:25; Jos 7:21; Pr 6:25; 12:12; Isa 53:2; Mic 2:2+); 2. LN 25.102–25.115 (qal) delight, i.e., to be fond of and take pleasure in an object or action (Ps 68:17[EB 16]; Pr 1:22; Isa 1:29+); (nif) be pleasing, be desireable, be choice to the eye (Ge 2:9; 3:6; Ps 19:11[EB 10]; Pr 21:20+); (piel) delight (SS 2:3+); 3. LN 57.25–57.35 (qal pass.) treasure, wealth, formally, coveted, i.e., pertaining to a collection of objects which constitute far more that normal in society (Job 20:20; Ps 39:12[EB 11]; Isa 44:9+)

2774 חֶמֶד (ḥě·měḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2531; TWOT 673a—1. LN 23.197–23.204 fruitfulness, i.e., a state of productivity pertaining to a fruit harvest, with the associative meanings of being pleasant and lovely and so desireable (Isa 27:2; 32:12; Am 5:11+), note: for a v.l. in MT text in Isa., see 2815; 2. LN 79.9–79.17 handsomeness, i.e., an appearance of a male person as attractive, implying nobility and strength and desirability (Eze 23:6, 12, 23+)

2775 חֶמְדָּה (ḥěm·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2532; TWOT 673b—1. LN 25.59–25.64 desire, i.e., a state of longing for something or one, implying a hoping or looking forward (1Sa 9:20+); 2. LN 65.1–65.16 treasure, valuables, i.e., objects of value (2Ch 32:27; 36:10; Isa 2:16; Jer 25:34; Eze 26:12; Da 11:37; Hos 13:15; Na 2:10[EB 9]; Hag 2:7+), note: for another interp of Isa 2:16, see next entry; note: in Hag 2:7 this is the meaning if one repoints MT to a plural and so be in concord with the verb, but some keep the grammatical discord and interpret the meaning as a title of messiah, see domain LN 53.66–53.95; 3. LN 23.197–23.204 fruitfulness, i.e., agricultural productivity, with a focus on the desirability and desireable appearance (Ps 106:24; Isa 2:16; Jer 3:19; 12:10; Zec 7:14+); 4. LN 25.270–25.287 regret, sorrow, i.e., a feeling of having done wrong (2Ch 21:20+), note: if הָלַךְ (hā·lǎḵ) in this verse means to “live life” and not “die” then the meaning would be “desire” as in domain LN 25.59–25.64; 5. LN 6.96–6.101 unit: חֶמְדָּה אִשָּׁה (ḥěm·dā(h) ʾiš·šā(h)) idol object, i.e., a fashioned worship artifact representing a god (Da 11:37)

2776 חֲמֻדוֹת (ḥǎmǔ·ḏôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 2530; TWOT 673—1. LN 65.1–65.16 valuable things, choice things, i.e., things considered the best, most costly, or most valued (Ge 27:15; 2Ch 20:25; Ezr 8:27; Da 10:3; 11:38, 43+); 2. LN 87.19–87.57 high estimation, respect, i.e., be in a state of high status and value (Da 9:23; Da 10:11, 19+)

2777 חֶמְדָּן (ḥěm·dān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2533;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hemdan: of Abraham through Ishmael (Ge 36:26+), note: for MT text in 1Ch 1:41, see 2820

חמה (ḥmh) Holladay: see 2778

2778 חָמָה (ḥā·mā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2534; TWOT 860a—LN 27.55–27.60 (qal imv.) be careful, formally, watch out, look out, i.e., pay close attention to a matter, as a figurative extension of observing carefully with the perception of sight (Job 36:18), note: (qal) (Ps 76:11ab), see 2779; for MT text in Jer 13:22, see 2803

2779 חֵמָה (ḥē·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2534; TWOT 860a—1. LN 8.70–8.77 venom, snake poison, i.e., the fluid by-product of a snake that causes injury and/or death, possibly as an extension of heat as a feeling in the body when one is injected with the poison (Dt 32:24, 33; Ps 58:5[EB 4]); 2. LN 88.171–88.191 anger, wrath, fury, rage, i.e., a very strong feeling of displeasure, hostility, and antagonism, usually in relation to a wrong, real or imagined, as an extension of the heat and burning feeling one can have when one is emotionally worked up and in strife and turmoil (Lev 26:28), see also 2771, note: for another interp of Hab 2:15, see 2827

חֵמָה (ḥē·mā(h)) Lisowsky: n.fem.—see 2772 butter (Job 29:6+)

חֹמָה (ḥō·mā(h)): see 2570

2780 חַמָּה (ḥǎm·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2535; TWOT 677c—1. LN 14.63–14.73 heat of the sun (Job 30:28; Ps 19:7[EB 6]+); 2. LN 1.28 sun light (SS 6:10; Isa 24:23; 30:26+)

2781 חַמּוּאֵל (ḥǎm·mû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2536;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hammuel: of Simeon (1Ch 4:26+)

חָמוּד (ḥā·mûḏ): n.masc.—see 2773

חֲמוּדָה (ḥǎmû·ḏā(h)) BDB: see 2776

חֲמוּדוֹת (ḥǎmû·ḏôṯ): see 2776 (Ezr 8:27; Da 9:23+)

2782 חֲמוּטַל (ḥǎmû·ṭǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2537;—LN 93-pers. (female) Hamutal: mother of King Jehoahaz (2Ki 23:31; 24:18 Q; Jer 52:1 Q+), note: for K see 2795

2783 חָמוּל (ḥā·mûl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2538;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hamul: of Judah, through Perez (Ge 46:12; Nu 26:21; 1Ch 2:5+), see also 2784

2784 חָמוּלִי (ḥā·mû·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2539;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Hamulite: pertaining to Hamul (Nu 26:21+), see also 2783

2785 חַמּוֹן (ḥǎm·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2540;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hammon: 1. town of Asher, S of Tyre, (Jos 19:28+) 2. town of Naphtali, a Levitical city (1Ch 6:61[EB 76]+)

2786 חָמוּץ (ḥā·mûṣ): adj. [oth qal pass.ptcp. of 2808]; ≡ Str 2556; TWOT 679, 680, 681—LN 79.26–79.38 reddish, stained crimson, i.e., pertaining to a color deep, vibrant red (Isa 63:1+), note: some translate “glowing, brilliant”

2787 חָמוֹץ (ḥā·môṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2541; TWOT 681a—LN 22.15–22.20 the oppressed, i.e., ones who experience trouble and hardship, as a class of people with low status (Isa 1:17+), see also domain LN 87.58–87.75, note: some repoint MT as passive, see BHS ftn

2788 חַמּוּק (ḥǎm·mûq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2542; TWOT 682a—LN 79.9–79.17 a curve, body contour, i.e., the graceful curves of the body especially the legs and thighs, as a feature of female beauty (SS 7:2[EB 1]+)

2789 I. חֲמוֹר (ḥǎmôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2543; TWOT 685a—LN 4.1–4.37 male donkey, domestic male ass, i.e., smaller than a horse with long ears, a large mammal as livestock for carrying loads, from the African Equus asinus, ceremonially unclean for food (Ge 12:16; 1Sa 8:16), note: for another interp in Jdg 15:16; 1Sa 16:20, see 2790

2790 II. חֲמוֹר (ḥǎmôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2543; TWOT 685a—LN 59.11–59.22 heap, i.e., a pile of material, as a large amount or quantity (Jdg 15:16; 1Sa 16:20), oth see 2789

2791 III. חֲמוֹר (ḥǎmôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2544;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hamor: father of the Shechem (Ge 33:19; 34:2–26 passim; Jos 24:32; Jdg 9:28+)

חֲמוֹרָה (ḥǎmô·rā(h)): see 2790 (Jdg 15:16b+)

2792 חָמוֹת (ḥā·môṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2545; TWOT 674b—LN 10.53–10.61 mother-in-law, i.e., spouse’s blood mother (Ru 1:14; 2:11, 18, 19,23; 3:1, 6, 16, 17; Mic 7:6+), note: in context it is always the husband’sing. blood mother

2793 חֹמֶט (ḥō·měṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2546; TWOT 675a—LN 4.51–4.57 lizard, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: that which moves about on the ground, likely a reptile of some kind; (NIV, NAB) skink lizard; (ASV, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh) sand lizard; (NASB) sand reptile; (KJV) snail; (NJB) chameleon; (NEB, REB) great lizard (Lev 11:30+)

2794 חֻמְטָה (ḥǔm·ṭā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2547;—LN 93-place (loc.) Humtah: site in the hill country of Judah (Jos 15:54+)

חמיטל (ḥmyṭl) BDB: see 2795

2795 חֲמִיטַל (ḥǎmî·ṭǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2537;—LN 93-pers. (female) Hamital: mother of King Jehoahaz (2Ki 24:18 K; Jer 52:1 K+), note: for Q see 2782

2796 חָמִיץ (ḥā·mîṣ): n.masc. [oth adj.]; ≡ Str 2548; TWOT 679c—1. LN 3.13–3.32 sorrel plant, i.e., a plant with sour juice of the Rumex family (Isa 30:24+); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 unit: בְּלִיל חָמִיץ (belîl ḥā·mîṣ) sorrel-fodder, mash, i.e., an animal food for livestock (Isa 30:24+), note: BDB translates “seasoned” as pertaining to a salty taste, see domain LN 5.23–5.28

2797 חֲמִישִׁי (ḥǎmî·šî): number; ≡ Str 2549; TWOT 686d—1. LN 60.52 fifth, i.e., a number as an ordinal (Ge 1:23); 2. LN 60.62–60.66 one fifth, i.e., a number as a part of a whole number (Lev 5:24), note: in 1Ki 6:31 as an a, see 2826.5

חמל (ḥml): see 2798

2798 חָמַל (ḥā·mǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2550, 2565; TWOT 684c—LN 88.75–88.82 (qal) show mercy on, spare, take pity on, i.e., show kindness to one in an unfavorable, difficult, or dangerous situation, and so help or deliver in some manner, implying in some cases that the one in the distress may deserve the condition (Dt 13:9), note: for another parsing in Eze 16:5, see 2800

2799 חֶמְלָה (ḥěm·lā(h)): n.[fem.] [oth inf.cs.fem. of 2798]; ≡ Str 2551; TWOT 676a—LN 88.75–88.82 mercy, compassion, i.e., the act. of showing concern in some crisis with a result of deliverance from the bad situation (Ge 19:16; Isa 63:9+)

2800 חֻמְלָה (ḥǔm·lā(h)): n.[fem.] [oth inf.cs.fem. of 2798]; ≡ Str 2550; TWOT 676—LN 88.75–88.82 mercy, compassion, i.e., an act. showing concern for another, resulting in an act. of kindness (Eze 16:5+)

חמם (ḥmm): see 2801

2801 חָמַם (ḥā·mǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2552; TWOT 677—1. LN 79.70–79.77 (qal) be hot, be warm, i.e., be in a state of relatively high thermal degrees (Ex 16:21); (piel) let warm (Job 39:14+); (hitp) warm oneself (Job 31:20+); 2. LN 88.167–88.170 (qal) be in a rage, i.e., have a very strong feeling of animosity and strife toward another, as a figurative extension of being thermally heated (Dt 19:6; Jer 51:39); 3. LN 23.61–23.65 (nif) feel sexual passion, i.e., burn with lust, as a prelude to sexual behaviors (Isa 57:5+)

2802 חַמָּן (ḥǎm·mān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2553; TWOT 677d—LN 6.106–6.117 incense stand, i.e., a transportable altar which burns fragrant material, made of materials that could be cut or hewn (Lev 26:30; 2Ch 14:4[EB 5]; 34:4, 7; Isa 17:8; 27:9; Eze 6:4, 6+), note: in context, always a pagan altar worship piece; note: BDB translates as “sun-pillar.”

חמס (ḥms) Lisowsky and KB: see 2803, 2804

חמס (ḥms)[1] Holladay: see 2803

חמס (ḥms)[2] Holladay: see 2804

2803 I. חָמַס (ḥā·mǎs): v.; ≡ Str 2554; TWOT 678—1. LN 20.12–20.30 (qal) do violence, harm, lay waste, i.e., harm an object by physical injury (Jer 22:3; La 2:6+); 2. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) strip off, tear off, i.e., remove an object from the main body of another object (Job 15:33+); 3. LN 88.126–88.134 (qal) mistreat, do wrong, i.e., treat someone in a bad manner (Job 21:27; Pr 8:36; Eze 22:26; Zep 3:4+); (nif) be mistreated (Jer 13:22+), note: for Jer 13:22 cj, see 2778; note: for another interp of Job 21:27+, see 2804

2804 II. חָמַס (ḥā·mǎs): v.; ≡ Str 2554; TWOT 678—LN 30.56–30.74 (qal) think up, devise, i.e., give consideration to a plot or plan (Job 21:27+), for another interp, see 2803

2805 חָמָס (ḥā·mās): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2555; TWOT 678a—1. LN 20.1–20.11 violence, i.e., a strong, fierce, destructive force resulting in acts that maim, destroy, kill, often implying a lawlessness, terror, and lack of moral restraint (Ge 49:5; Pr 3:31); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, i.e., the ruining of a thing, or land, or people, with a focus on the violence that accompanies these acts (Hab 2:8, 17); 3. LN 88.12–88.23 a wrong, injustice, i.e., an injustice to some standard, possibly implying a grievous or severe injustice (Ge 16:5; Job 19:7); 4. LN 57.232–57.248 plunder, loot, i.e., theft of things in the spoils of war (Am 3:10); 5. LN 33.262–33.273 unit: עֵד חָמָס (ʿēḏ ḥā·mās) maliciously false witness, formally, witness of violence, i.e., a liar in a judicial setting (Ex 23:1; Dt 19:16; Ps 35:11)

I. חמץ (ḥmṣ): see 2806

II. חמץ (ḥmṣ): see 2807

2806 I. חָמֵץ (ḥā·mēṣ): v.; ≡ Str 2556; TWOT 679—1. LN 5.12 (qal) have yeast added to food, i.e., use yeast in baking (Ex 12:34, 39; Hos 7:4+); 2. LN 88.198–88.205 (hitp) be grieved, i.e., to have great sorrow, with a focus on the bitter and hateful feelings that may be involved (Ps 73:21+), note: KB (hif ptcp. fem.) (Ex 12:19, 20+) see 4721

2807 II. חָמֵץ (ḥā·mēṣ): v.; ≡ Str 2556; TWOT 679—LN 22.21–22.28 (qal) oppress, i.e., to treat in a wrong manner, implying ruthless and cruel behavior, and so cause trouble to another (Ps 71:4+)

2808 III. חָמֵץ (ḥā·mēṣ): v.; ≡ Str 2556; TWOT 679—LN 79.26–79.38 (qal pass.) be stained crimson (Isa 63:1+), note: for another parsing as an a, see 2786

2809 IV. חָמֵץ (ḥā·mēṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2557; TWOT 679a—LN 5.1–5.22 yeasted food, leavened foods, i.e., any food stuffs that contain a raising or expanding agent for baking (Ex 12:15; 13:3, 7; 23:18; 34:25; Lev 2:11; 6:10[EB 17]; 7:13; 23:17; Dt 16:3; Am 4:5+)

2810 חֹמֶץ (ḥō·měṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2558; TWOT 679b—LN 5.23–5.28 wine vinegar, i.e., a sour liquid obtained by fermentation of dilute alcoholic liquids, used as a condiment, but not irritating to the senses to use in too great a quantity (Nu 6:3; Ru 2:14; Ps 69:22[EB 21]; Pr 10:26; 25:20+)

חֻמְצָה (ḥǔm·ṣā(h)) BDB, Lisowsky: see 2806

חֻמְצָתוֹ (ḥǔm·ṣā·ṯô): qal inf.cs. + 3ms.suff.—see 2806 Hos 7:4+

חמק (ḥmq): see 2811

2811 חָמַק (ḥā·mǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2559; TWOT 682—1. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal pf.) leave, formally, turn away, i.e., depart an area with linear movement (SS 5:6+); 2. LN 15.18–15.26 (hitp impf.) wander, formally, turn here and there, i.e., make linear movement without a specific goal (Jer 31:22+)

I. חמר (ḥmr): see 2812, 2813, 2814

II. חמר (ḥmr): see 2812, 2813, 2814

2812 I. חָמַר (ḥā·mǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2560; TWOT 683, 683d, 685—1. LN 14.17–14.35 (qal) foam, bubble, i.e., the frothing action of a storming body of water (Ps 46:4[EB 3]+); 2. LN 14.17–14.35 ferment, froth, bubble, i.e., the action of partially fermented wine (Ps 75:9[EB 8]+); 3. LN 25.223–25.250 (poalal) be in ferment, i.e., be in severe emotional distress (La 1:20; 2:11+), for another root analysis (with a very similar meaning), see 2813

2813 II. חָמַר (ḥā·mǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2560; TWOT 683—1. LN 79.70–79.77 (poalal) be warm, i.e., pertaining to the basal response of the body to grief, resulting in the rise in the skin temperature of the face (Job 16:16+); 2. LN 25.223–25.250 (poalal) be in torment, be burning in anguish, i.e., be in emotional distress (La 1:20; 2:11+), for another root analysis (with a very similar meaning), see 2812

2814 III. חָמַר (ḥā·mǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2560; TWOT 683—LN 47.14–47.18 coat, cover, i.e., smear a water-proofing material on a vessel (Ex 2:3+)

2815 חֶמֶר (ḥě·měr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2561; TWOT 683a—LN 6.197–6.202 partially fermented wine, i.e., wine vibrant in the process of coming to maturity, and so still bubble and foam, as a desired drink (Dt 32:14; Isa 27:2+), see also domain LN 5.1–5.22, note: for a v.r. in MT text in Isa., see 2774

2816 I. חֹמֶר (ḥō·měr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2563; TWOT 683c—LN 14.17–14.35 churning liquid, foaming water, i.e., a storm over the open water, with swells, froth and foam on top of the waves and surf, etc. (Hab 3:15+)

2817 II. חֹמֶר (ḥō·měr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2563; TWOT 683c—1. LN 2.14–2.28 clay, i.e., a natural malleable substance used for making various constructions and items, when sun-dried or kilned becomes hard, yet brittle and so somewhat fragile (Job 4:19; 10:9; 27:16; 33:6; 38:14; Isa 29:16; 45:9; 64:7[EB 8]; Jer 18:4, 6+); 2. LN 2.14–2.28 mortar, i.e., a substance that binds building materials together, such as stone or brick (Ge 11:3; Ex 1:14; Isa 41:25; Na 3:14+); 3. LN 2.14–2.28 mud, mire, i.e., wet dirt, something relatively undesireable and worthless (Job 30:19; Isa 10:6+), note: Lisowsky switches the 2 and 3 lexical forms; 4. LN 33.435–33.438 unit: גַּב חֹמֶר (gǎḇ ḥō·měr)2 a fragile argumentation, a weak defense, formally, defenses of clay, i.e., a verbal defense and argumentation that will not stand scrutiny (Job 13:12+)

2818 III. חֹמֶר (ḥō·měr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2563; TWOT 683c—1. LN 81.20–81.24 homer, a relatively large dry measure (roughly the amount a donkey could transport), 9 & 1/4 bushels (327 liters), i.e., about two 42 gallon drums, based on artifacts found on site in archaeological site (Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land, edited by Avraham Negev) (Lev 27:16; Nu 11:32; Isa 5:10; Eze 45:11–14 passim; Hos 3:2+), note: other reckon differently; NBD, IDB, 6.25 bushels (220 liters), or about a 55 gallon drum; (KB, BDB, Jos. Ant ) 11 bushels (394 liters), i.e., about two fifty gallon drums; 2. LN 59.11–59.22 unit: חֹמֶר חֹמֶר (ḥō·měr ḥō·měr)3 large heaps, formally, homers of homers, i.e., a very large amount (Ex 8:10[EB 14]+)

2819 חֵמָר (ḥē·mār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2564; TWOT 683b—LN 2.14–2.28 tar, asphalt, i.e., a viscous thick hydro-carbon liquid which is the result of destructive distilling of organic material such as peat, wood, coal, with properties conducive to use as water-proofing (pitch) or mortar (bitumen) (Ge 11:3; 14:10; Ex 2:3+)

2820 חַמְרָן (ḥǎm·rān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2566;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hamran: of Abraham through Ishmael (1Ch 1:41+), note: for NIV text, see 2777

חֲמֹרֹתָיִם (ḥǎmō·rō·ṯā·yim) BDB: see 2789

חמשׁ (ḥmš): see 2821, 2826

2821 חָמַשׁ (ḥā·mǎš): v.; ≡ Str 2567, 2571; TWOT 688a—LN 57.178–57.185 (piel) tax a fifth, i.e., have a government take 20% of a harvest for future storage, for future government redistribution (Ge 41:34+), note: for (qal pass.) as an adjective, see 2826

2822 חָמֵשׁ (ḥā·mēš): number; ≡ Str 2568; TWOT 686a—1. LN 60.14 five, i.e., a cardinal number (Ge 18:28), see also 2825; 2. LN 60.52 fifth, i.e., a number as an ordinal (Eze 1:1)

חִמֵּשׁ (ḥim·mēš) BDB: see 2822

2823 I. חֹמֶשׁ (ḥō·měš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2569; TWOT 686b—LN 60.62–60.66 fifth, i.e., one-fifth 20% part of something (Ge 47:26+)

2824 II. חֹמֶשׁ (ḥō·měš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2570; TWOT 687a—LN 8.67 stomach, belly, i.e., the part of the body between the lowest ribs and the waist, where most of the vital organ reside, focusing on the outer protuberance (2Sa 2:23; 3:27; 4:6; 20:10+)

חֲמִשָּׁה (ḥǎmiš·šā(h)) BDB: number—see 2822

חֲמִשִׁי (ḥǎmi·šî): see 2797

2825 חֲמִשִּׁים (ḥǎmiš·šîm): number; ≡ Str 2572; TWOT 686c—1. LN 60.28 fifty, i.e., a number as a cardinal (Ge 18:24), see also 2822; 2. LN 60.46–60.61 fiftieth, a number as an ordinal (Lev 25:10, 11; 2Ki 15:23, 27)

2826 חֲמֻשִׁים (ḥǎmǔ·šîm): adj.pl. [Holladay, KB: qal ptcp.pass. of 2821]; ≡ Str 2572; TWOT 686c—LN 55.2–55.6 in battle array, i.e., pertaining to being armed for battle (Ex 13:18; Jos 1:14; 4; 12; Jdg 7:11+), note: possibly see also 2590(qal pass.)

חֲמִשִׁית (ḥǎmi·šîṯ): adj.; ≡ Str 2572; TWOT 686c—LN 79.104–79.109 five-sided, i.e., pertaining to a shape of an object, in context a door jamb (1Ki 6:31+), see also 2797

חֶמֶת (ḥě·měṯ) BDB: see 2827

2827 חֵמֶת (ḥē·měṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2573; TWOT 689a—LN 6.118–6.151 skin container for holding liquid, i.e., a natural skin of a small mammal like a sheep or goat, taken off in one piece, sealing the leg areas and using the neck as the pouring funnel, for holding water or wine (Ge 21:14, 15, 19; Hab 2:15+), note: for another interp in Hab 2:15, see 2779

חֲמַת (ḥǎmǎṯ) BDB: see 2828

2828 חֲמָת (ḥǎmāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2574, 2579;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hamath: city on the Orontes River, in northern Syria (2Sa 8:9; 2Ki 14:28; 17:24, 30; 18:34; 19:13; 23:33; 25:21; 1Ch 18:3, 9; 2Ch 8:4; Isa 10:9; 11:11; 36:19; 37:13; Jer 39:5; 49:23; 52:9, 27; Eze 47:16, 17; 48:1; Am 6:2; Zec 9:2+) see also 2833; also part of a compound name, Lebo Hamath, see 4217; also Hamath Zobah, see 2832

2829 I. חַמַּת (ḥǎm·mǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2575;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hammath: town of Naphtali, on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee, (Jos 19:35+)

2830 II. חַמַּת (ḥǎm·mǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2575;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hammath: of Caleb (1Ch 2:55+), note: some identify as a town, since “father” can also mean “founder,” hence see 2831

2831 חַמֹּת דֹּאר (ḥǎm·mōṯ dō(ʾ)r): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2576;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hammoth Dor: town of Naphtali (Jos 21:32+), see also 2830 note

2832 חֲמָת צוֹבָה (ḥǎmāṯ ṣô·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2578;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hamath Zobah: an unidentified town (2Ch 8:3+)

2833 חֲמָתִי (ḥǎmā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2577;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Hamathite: pertaining to a people from Hamath (Ge 10:18; 1Ch 1:16+), see also 2828

2834 I. חֵן (ḥēn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2580; TWOT 694a—1. LN 25.102–25.115 favor, i.e., acts which display one’s fondness or compassion for another (Ge 39:20); 2. LN 88.66–88.74 grace, kindness, kindheartedness, compassion, i.e., acts of kindness displaying one’s pleasure with an object, which benefit the object of pleasure (Pr 3:34); 3. LN 79.9–79.17 charm, beauty, grace, i.e., an act. or object which gains a favorable response, beautiful to see or hear (Pr 31:30; Na 3:4); 4. LN 6.188–6.196 ornament, i.e., an artifact which one wears as a beautiful, charming object (Pr 3:22); 5. LN 25.102–25.115 unit: מָצָא חֵן בְּ־ עַיִן (mā·ṣā(ʾ) ḥēn b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be pleased, be favorably disposed, formally, find grace in the eyes (Ex 33:13); 6. LN 25.102–25.115 unit: יָטַב חֵן בְּ־ עַיִן (yā·ṭǎḇ ḥēn b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be pleased, be favorably disposed, formally, be good in the eyes (Ge 41:37); 7. LN 25.102–25.115 unit: נָשָׂא חֵן בְּ־ עַיִן (nā·śā(ʾ) ḥēn b- ʿǎ·yin)1 win favor, cause to be favorably disposed, formally, lift up in the eyes, i.e., cause one to be pleased with (Est 2:15, 17)

2835 II. חֵן (ḥēn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2581;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hen: son of Zephaniah (Zec 6:14+), note: see BHS ftn for different text

2836 חֵנָדָד (ḥē·nā·ḏāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2582;—LN 93-pers. (male) Henadad: father of wall builders and signers of covenant (Ezr 3:9; Ne 3:18, 24; 10:10[EB 9]+)

חנה (ḥnh) Lisowsky: see 2837, 2838

חנה (ḥnh)[1] KB and Holladay: see 2837

חנה (ḥnh)[2] KB and Holladay: see 2838

2837 I. חָנָה (ḥā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2583; TWOT 690—1. LN 85.55–85.64 (qal) encamp, pitch, set up, i.e., make a relatively temporary household area including a dwelling and cooking place (Ex 14:9); 2. LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) military bivouac, i.e., make a military camp in close proximity to an enemy, as a prelude to war or battle (2Ki 25:1); 3. LN 68.22–68.33 (qal) be nearly over, formally, set up camp, i.e., have a period of time be almost completed as an extension of setting up camp at the end of a travel day (Jdg 19:9+)

2838 II. חָנָה (ḥā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2589; TWOT 694—LN 88.66–88.74 (piel inf.) be merciful, show grace, i.e., show an act. of kindness or benefice (Ps 77:10+), see 2858

2839 חַנָּה (ḥǎn·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2584;—LN 93-pers. (female) Hannah: mother of Samuel (1Sa 1:2–2:21 passim+)

2840 I. חֲנוֹךְ (ḥǎnôḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2585;—LN 93-pers. (male) Enoch: 1. son of Cain (Ge 4:17a, 18+) 2. of Seth, father of Methuselah (Ge 5:18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24; 1Ch 1:3+); 3. Hanoch: grandson of Abraham-Keturah, of Midian (Ge 25:4; 1Ch 1:33+) 4. of Reuben (Ge 46:9; Ex 6:14; Nu 26:5; 1Ch 5:3+), see also 2854

2841 II. חֲנוֹךְ (ḥǎnôḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2585;—LN 93-place (loc.) Enoch: city named for the person (Ge 4:17b+), see also 2840(1.)

2842 חָנוּן (ḥā·nûn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2586;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hanun: 1. Ammonite king (2Sa 10:1, 2, 3, 4; 1Ch 19:2,3, 4, 6+) 2. a wall builder (Ne 3:13+) 3. another wall builder (Ne 3:30+)

2843 חַנּוּן (ḥǎn·nûn): adj.; ≡ Str 2587; TWOT 694d—LN 88.75–88.82 gracious, compassionate, i.e., pertaining to being merciful to the needy and repentant (Ex 22:26[EB 27]; 34:6; 2Ch 30:9; Ne 9:17, 31; Ps 86:15; 103:8; 111:4; 112:4; 116:5; 145:8; Joel 2:13; Jnh 4:2+)

2844 חָנוּת (ḥā·nûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2588; TWOT 690a—LN 7.26–7.53 vaulted cell, i.e., a room of a specific arched or domed design, as a room in a larger building (Jer 37:16+), note: oth “cellar”

חנט (ḥnṭ) KB and Lisowsky: see 2845, 2846

חנט (ḥnṭ)[1] Holladay: see 2845

חנט (ḥnṭ)[2] Holladay: see 2846

2845 I. חָנַט (ḥā·nǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 2590; TWOT 691—1. LN 23.188–23.196 (qal) ripen, i.e., to be in a maturing process, which includes the forming of the fruit (SS 2:13+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 79.26–79.38 to redden, i.e., to turn the color red (SS 2:13+)

2846 II. חָנַט (ḥā·nǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 2590; TWOT 691—LN 52 (qal) embalm, i.e., to prepare a dead body for preservation from excessive decay after burial (Ge 50:2,26+)

2847 חֲנֻטִים (ḥǎnǔ·ṭîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 2590; TWOT 691—LN 52 embalming, i.e., the process of preparing a dead body from decay (Ge 50:3+)

2848 חַנִּיאֵל (ḥǎn·nî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2592;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hanniel: 1. of Asher (1Ch 7:39+) 2. of Manasseh (Nu 34:23+)

חֲנֻיוֹת (ḥǎnǔ·yôṯ) Holladay: see 2844

2849 חָנִיךְ (ḥā·nîḵ): n.masc. [BDB: adj.]; ≡ Str 2593; TWOT 693a—1. LN 87.76–87.86 servant, trusted worker, retainer, i.e., one who serves in a household, though not a slave (Ge 14:14+), note: this meaning based in Egyptian ety., note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 55.7–55.13 trained men, i.e., tried and trusted men of the camp (Ge 14:14+), note: if this is the meaning, then the training likely is related to fighting as a kind of para-military group

2850 חֲנִינָה (ḥǎnî·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2594; TWOT 694e—LN 88.66–88.74 kindness, favor, i.e., the giving of a benefit, possibly undeserved (Jer 16:13+)

2851 חֲנִית (ḥǎnîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2595; TWOT 690b—1. LN 6.29–6.40 spear, i.e., a weapon for piercing or hurling, consisting of a shaft and iron (or other metal?) head (1Sa 13:19) note: for MT text in 2Sa 23:8, see 6804; 2. LN 6.29–6.40 spear head, i.e., the metal piercing tip of a spear (Na 3:3; Hab 3:11)

חנךְ (ḥnk): see 2852

2852 חָנַךְ (ḥā·nǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 2596; TWOT 693—1. LN 53.44–53.52 (qal) dedicate, consecrate, i.e., a ritual and commitment to devote a structure to deity or special purpose (Dt 20:5; 1Ki 8:63; 2Ch 7:5+); 2. LN 36.10–36.11 (qal) train, disciple, i.e., broadly instruct in accordance with proper rules of conduct and behavior which would include both principles and teaching holy ritual (Pr 22:6+)

2853 חֲנֻכָּה (ḥǎnǔk·kā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2598; TWOT 693b—LN 53.44–53.52 dedication, consecration, i.e., an act. of setting apart something for a sacred use, in honor of God (Nu 7:10, 11, 84, 88; 2Ch 7:9; Ne 12:27; Ps 30:1[EB title]+)

2854 חֲנֹכִי (ḥǎnō·ḵî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2599;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Hanochite: pertaining to Hanoch (Nu 26:5+), see also 2840(4.)

2855 חִנָּם (ḥin·nām): adv.; ≡ Str 2600; TWOT 694b—1. LN 57.152–57.171 for nothing, for free, i.e., pertaining to expending energy or releasing a possession or value without compensation (Ge 29:15); 2. LN 89.39–89.54 in vain, for nothing, to no avail, i.e., pertaining to not having a proper or adequate result (Eze 6:10); 3. LN 89.15–89.38 without cause, for no reason, i.e., pertaining to not having a basis or ground for an argument (Ps 35:7)

2856 חֲנַמְאֵל (ḥǎnǎm·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2601;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hanamel: cousin of prophet Jeremiah (Jer 32:7, 8, 9, 12+)

2857 חֲנָמַל (ḥǎnā·mǎl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2602; TWOT 693.1—LN 2.7–2.13 sleet, i.e., freezing rain (Ps 78:47+), note: Holladay, KB3 have meaning as a “devastating flood,” but the context is more suited to a synonym of “hail” such as frost or sleet

חֲנָמֵל (ḥǎnā·mēl) BDB: see 2857

I. חנן (ḥnn): see 2858

II. חנן (ḥnn): see 2859

2858 I. חָנַן (ḥā·nǎn): v.; ≡ Str 2603; TWOT 694, 695—1. LN 88.66–88.74 (qal) have mercy, be gracious, take pity, be kind, i.e., show an act. of kindness, compassion, or benefice to another (Ps 6:3[EB 2]); (nif) (Jer 22:23+), see 634; (polel) move to pity, be kind (Ps 102:15[EB 14]; Pr 14:21+); (hof) be shown compassion, get mercy (Pr 21:10; Isa 26:10+); 2. LN 59.48–59.61 be generous, i.e., give a large amount of something in abundance (Ps 37:21); 3. LN 79.9–79.17 (pilel) charm, ingratiate, i.e., to act. or speak in a way which is considered favorable or lovely (Pr 26:25+); 4. LN 33.161–33.177 (hitp) plead for grace, beg for mercy, make supplication, request favor, i.e., make a request for a merciful or kind act. from another, human or deity (Ge 42:21)

2859 II. חָנַן (ḥā·nǎn): v.; ≡ Str 2603; TWOT 694—LN 25.186–25.188 (qal pf.) be loathsome, formally, stink, i.e., be in a state which is detestable and abhorrent, as an extension of having an undesireable odor (Job 19:17+)

2860 חָנָן (ḥā·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2605;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hanan: 1. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:23+) 2. of Benjamin through Saul (1Ch 8:38; 9:44+) 3. a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:43+) 4. son of Igdaliah (Jer 35:4+) 5. ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:46; Ne 7:49+) 6. a Levite teacher in Torah (Ne 8:7+) 7. signer of covenant (Ne 10:11[EB 10]+) 8. another signer of covenant (Ne 10:23[EB 22]+) 9. yet another signer of covenant (Ne 10:27[EB 26]+) 10. an assistant to one of Nehemiah’s treasurers (Ne 13:13+); also part of a compound name, see Elon Bethhanan, see 392; Ben-Hanan, see 1212; Baal-Hanan, see 1257

2861 חֲנַנְאֵל (ḥǎnǎn·ʾēl): n.pr. [oth N.PR.M.]; ≡ Str 2606;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hananel: north-wall tower of Jerusalem (Ne 3:1; 12:39; Jer 31:38; Zec 14:10)

2862 חֲנָנִי (ḥǎnā·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2607;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hanani: 1. father of the prophet Jehu (1Ki 16:1, 7; 2Ch 16:7; 19:2; 20:34+) 2. Levite musician in David’s day (1Ch 25:4, 25+) 3. musician in Nehemiah’sing. day (Ne 12:36+) 4. brother of Nehemiah (Ne 1:2; 7:2+) 5. divorcee from foreign wife (Ezr 10:20+)

2863 חֲנַנְיָה (ḥǎnǎn·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2608;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hananiah: 1. a falsely prophesying priest (Jer 28:1–17 passim+) 2. see 2864(3.) 3. grandfather of Irijah (Jer 37:13+) 4. friend of Daniel (Da 1:6, 7, 11, 19+) 5. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:24+) 6. Levite musician (1Ch 25:4+) 7. see 2864(2.) 8. son of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:19, 21+) 9. returnee from captivity (Ezr 10:28+) 10. a wall builder (Ne 3:30+) 11. commander of citadel (Ne 7:2+) 12. signer of covenant (Ne 10:24[EB 23]+) 13. priestly family head (Ne 12:12+) 14. priest at dedication of the walls of Jerusalem (Ne 12:41+) 15. another wall builder (Ne 3:8+), note: possibly same as 10., see also 2864

2864 חֲנַנְיָהוּ (ḥǎnǎn·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2608;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hananiahu (Hananiah NIV): 1. priest of the 16th course (1Ch 25:23+) 2. official of King Uzziah (2Ch 26:11+) 3. father of Zedekiah (Jer 36:12+), see also 2863

2865 חָנֵס (ḥā·nēs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2609;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hanes: city in Egypt (Isa 30:4+)

חנף (ḥnp) KB and Lisowsky: see 2866, 2867

חנף (ḥnp)[1] Holladay: see 2866

חנף (ḥnp)[2] Holladay: see 2867

2866 I. חָנֵף (ḥā·nēp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2610; TWOT 696—LN 88.256–88.261 (qal) be desecrated, be defiled, i.e., be in state of moral impurity and filth as an extension of ritual impurity (Ps 106:38; Isa 24:5; Jer 3:1,9; 23:11; Mic 4:11+); (hif) defile, pollute, (Nu 35:33; Jer 3:2; Da 11:32+), see also LN 53.33–53.40, LN 88.105–88.125

2867 II. חָנֵף (ḥā·nēp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2611; TWOT 696b—see 2868 (qal) be limp (Ps 35:16 cj+)

2868 III. חָנֵף (ḥā·nēp̄): adj.; ≡ Str 2611; TWOT 696b—LN 88.105–88.125 godless, ungodly, i.e., pertaining to profanity and defilement (Job 34:30; Isa 10:6), note: for Ps 35:16 cj, see 2867

חָנֵף (ḥā·nēp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2611; TWOT 696b—LN 88.105–88.125 ungodly persons (Isa 9:16[EB 17])

2869 חֹנֶף (ḥō·něp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2612; TWOT 696a—LN 88.105–88.125 wickedness, profaneness, i.e., an evil, with a focus on ceremonial or moral defilement (Isa 32:6+)

2870 חֲנֻפָּה (ḥǎnǔp·pā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2613; TWOT 696c—LN 88.105–88.125 wickedness, profaneness, i.e., an evil, with a focus on ceremonial or moral defilement (Jer 23:15+)

חנק (ḥnq): see 2871

2871 חָנַק (ḥā·nǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2614; TWOT 697—1. LN 20.81 (nif) hang oneself, i.e., commit suicide by strangling through gravity with a rope (2Sa 17:23+); 2. LN 19.53 (piel) strangle another, i.e., to press the throat of another so as to suffocate and so kill the victim (Na 2:13[EB 12]+)

2872 חַנָּתוֹן (ḥǎn·nā·ṯôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2615;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hannathon: northern-border town of Zebulun, (Jos 19:14+)

חַנָּתֹן (ḥǎn·nā·ṯōn) BDB: see 2872

חסד (ḥsd)[1] KB and Holladay: see 2873 note: is. switches LN 1 & LN 2

חסד (ḥsd)[2] KB and Holladay: see 2874

2873 I. חָסַד (ḥā·sǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 2616; TWOT 698, 699—LN 33.404–33.405 (piel) reproach, causes shame, i.e., give privileged information to others that may shame or insult, so be gossip (Pr 25:10+)

2874 II. חָסַד (ḥā·sǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 2616; TWOT 698—LN 31.82–31.101 (hitp) be faithful, i.e., conduct oneself as trustworthy (2Sa 22:26; Ps 18:26[EB 25]+)

2875 I. חֶסֶד (ḥě·sěḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2617; TWOT 698a, 699a—1. LN 88.271–88.282 disgrace, shame, i.e., a moral evil that is a sexual misbehavior, with a focus on the embarrassing behavior before God or society (Lev 20:17+), note: for another interp in Ps, see 2876; 2. LN 25.189–25.202 shame, disgrace, i.e., that which causes feelings of sorrow for a behavior (Ps 52:3[EB 1]; Pr 14:34+)

2876 II. חֶסֶד (ḥě·sěḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2617; TWOT 698a—1. LN 25.33–25.58 loyal love, unfailing kindness, devotion, i.e., a love or affection that is steadfast based on a prior relationship (Ex 34:6, 7); 2. LN 79.9–79.17 glory, i.e., lovely appearance (Isa 40:6); 3. LN 88.66–88.74 favor, i.e., the giving benefits (Est 2:9), note: for another interp in Ps 52:3[EB 1], see 2875

2877 III. חֶסֶד (ḥě·sěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2618;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hesed: part of a compound name, Ben-Hesed see 1213; Jushab-Hesed, see 3457

2878 חֲסַדְיָה (ḥǎsǎḏ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2619;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hasadiah: son of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:20+)

חסה (ḥsh): see 2879

2879 חָסָה (ḥā·sā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2620; TWOT 700—LN 21.17–21.24 (qal) take refuge in, i.e., go to a place where one will find safety, rest, or comfort, implying the place of refuge is a place to be trusted to keep one safe (Jdg 9:15; 2Sa 22:3)

2880 I. חֹסָה (ḥō·sā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2621;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hosah: gatekeeper in David’s day (1Ch 16:38; 26:10, 11, 16+)

2881 II. חֹסָה (ḥō·sā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2621;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hosah: northern border town of Asher, (Jos 19:29+)

2882 חָסוּת (ḥā·sûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2622; TWOT 700a—LN 21.9–21.13 refuge, protection, i.e., a shelter that makes one in a state of safety (Isa 30:3+)

2883 חָסִיד (ḥā·sîḏ): adj. [see also 2883.5]; ≡ Str 2623; TWOT 698b—LN 31.82–31.101 faithful, loyal, i.e., pertaining to being devoted to a person (Ps 86:2)

חָסִיד (ḥā·sîḏ): n.masc. [served by 2883]; ≡ Str 2623; TWOT 698b—1. LN 11.27 saints, the godly, i.e., the ones faithful to God as a group (1Sa 2:9; Ps 4:4); 2. LN 53.44–53.52 Holy One, i.e., a special one dedicated and faithful (Ps 16:10), see also domain LN 53.66–53.95

2884 חֲסִידָה (ḥǎsî·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2624; TWOT 698c—LN 4.38–4.46 water-bird, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature, likely a wading bird of the Ciconiidae or Ardeidae families; (most versions) stork; (NEB ftn) heron (Lev 11:19; Dt 14:18; Job 39:13; Ps 104:17; Jer 8:7; Zec 5:9+)

2885 חָסִיל (ḥā·sîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2625; TWOT 701a—LN 4.47–4.50 locust, i.e., ceremonially clean insect, so eatable: a swarming insect; a locust, in the consuming and so destructive phase of a locust’s development (1Ki 8:37; 2Ch 6:28; Ps 78:46; Isa 33:4; Joel 1:4; 2:25+), note: some sources suggest “cockroach,” though contexts seem to favor “locust.”

2886 חֲסִין (ḥǎsîn): adj.; ≡ Str 2626; TWOT 703c—LN 76 mighty, strong, i.e., pertaining to a great, awesome power (Ps 89:9[EB 8]+)

חסל (ḥsl): see 2887

2887 חָסַל (ḥā·sǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2628; TWOT 701—LN 20.43 (qal impf. or hif impf.) devour, consume, i.e., to destroy by consumption of an insect swarm (Dt 28:38+), see also domain LN 23.1–23.39

חסם (ḥsm): see 2888

2888 חָסַם (ḥā·sǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2629; TWOT 702—1. LN 44 (qal) muzzle, i.e., to place a block over the mouth of an animal, to prevent it from using its mouth (Dt 25:4+); 2. LN 15.224–15.229 (qal) be a roadblock, i.e., prevent forward movement on a pathway or course (Eze 39:11+)

חסן (ḥsn): see 2889

2889 חָסַן (ḥā·sǎn): v.; ≡ Str 2630; TWOT 703—LN 59.11–59.22 (nif) stored up, hoarded, i.e., gather and collect a quantity of objects of value (Isa 23:18+)

2890 חֹסֶן (ḥō·sěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2633; TWOT 703a—1. LN 57.25–57.35 wealth, stored treasure, i.e., valuable material possessions (Pr 15:6; 27:24; Jer 20:5; Eze 22:25+); 2. LN 65.1–65.16 unit: חֹסֶן יְשׁוּעָה (ḥō·sěn yešû·ʿā(h)) rich store of salvation, i.e., the figurative extension of a great abundance of material riches, as a thing of great value (Isa 33:6+)

2891 חָסֹן (ḥā·sōn): adj.; ≡ Str 2634; TWOT 703b—LN 79.62–79.69 strong, i.e., pertaining to the quality of a tree as dense and hard wood, as the feature of an object (Am 2:9+)

חָסֹן (ḥā·sōn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2634; TWOT 703b—LN 76 mighty man, i.e., a powerful person capable of destroying (Isa 1:31+)

חספס (ḥsps): see 2892

2892 חַסְפַּס (ḥǎs·pǎs): v.; ≡ Str 2636; TWOT 704—1. LN 79.104–79.109 (pualal ptcp.) (NASB, NIV, RSV, NRSV, NAB, NEB, REB, Tanakh) be flaked, be scale-like, i.e., pertaining to the shape of an object (Ex 16:14+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 79.100–79.101 (pualal ptcp.) (KB3, Holladay) be crisp, i.e., pertaining to being crunchy and slightly brittle, and so not soft or tender (Ex 16:14+); 3. LN 79.104–79.109 (ASV, KJV, NKJV, NJB) granular, i.e., small and rounded, like small grains or globules of something (Ex 16:14+); note: lexical form has four radicals

חסר (ḥsr) Lisowsky and KB: see 2893

2893 I. חָסֵר (ḥā·sēr): v.; ≡ Str 2637; TWOT 705—1. LN 81.3–81.11 (qal) go down, recede, i.e., have an object or mass in a lower position or dimension (Ge 8:3, 5+); 2. LN 87.58–87.75 (piel) make lower, deprive, i.e., cause to lack status (Ps 8:6[EB 5]+); 3. LN 57.37–57.48 (qal) lack, i.e., to not have enough of what is needed, implying a need (Dt 2:7; 8:9; 15:8; 1Ki 17:14, 16; Ne 9:21; Ps 23:1; 34:11[EB 10]; Pr 13:25; 31:11; Ecc 10:3; SS 7:3[EB 2]; Isa 51:14; Jer 44:18+); (piel) deprive, i.e., cause the lack of an object (Ecc 4:8+); (hif) cause to lack, withhold, have too little (Ex 16:18; Isa 32:6+); 4. LN 59.72–59.76 (qal) subtract, i.e., be less of a number of quantity of a collection or mass (Ge 18:28; Eze 4:17+); 5. LN 41.29–41.43 unit: אַל חָסֵר (ʾǎl ḥā·sēr)1 always, formally, not lack, i.e., pertaining to a regular pattern of behavior (Ecc 9:8+)

2894 II. חָסֵר (ḥā·sēr): adj.; ≡ Str 2638; TWOT 705c—LN 57.37–57.48 lacking, needing, i.e., pertaining to being without something, one, or idea (1Sa 21:16[EB 15]; 2Sa 3:29; 1Ki 11:22; Pr 6:32; 7:7; 9:4, 16; 10:13, 21; 11:12; 12:9, 11; 15:21; 17:18; 24:30; 28:16; Ecc 6:2+)

2895 חֶסֶר (ḥě·sěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2639; TWOT 705a—1. LN 57.49–57.54 poverty, i.e., the lack of wealth, implying need and low status (Pr 28:22+); 2. LN 57.37–57.48 want, lack of physical needs, i.e., not having things that normally sustain physical life (Job 30:3+)

2896 חֹסֶר (ḥō·sěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2640; TWOT 705b—LN 57.37–57.48 lack, want, i.e., a severe need, with a focus on basic physical needs for sustenance of life (Dt 28:48, 57; Am 4:6+)

2897 חַסְרָה (ḥǎs·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2641;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hasrah: grandfather-in-law of prophetess Huldah (2Ch 34:22+), see also 3030

2898 חֶסְרוֹן (ḥěs·rôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2642; TWOT 705d—LN 13.69–13.103 what is lacking, wanting, i.e., a deficiency, with a focus on it not existing, or existing in another place than the view of the speaker (Ecc 1:15+), see also domain LN 57.37–57.48

2899 I. חַף (ḥǎp̄): adj.; ≡ Str 2643; TWOT 711a—LN 88.24–88.35 pure, clean, i.e., moral purity, as a figurative extension of physical cleanness (Job 33:9+)

2900 II. חַף (ḥǎp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5502; TWOT 1485—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Apis: an Egyptian fertility bull god (Jer 46:15+), note: for another parsing of text, see 6085 (nif); this reading requires repointing and separating נִסְחַ (nis·ḥǎ) into 5674 plus this lexeme נָס חַף (nās ḥǎp̄) “he flees Apis.” see BHS ftn

חפא (ḥpʾ): see 2901

2901 חָפָא (ḥā·p̄ā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 2644; TWOT 706—1. LN 28.68–28.83 (piel) do secretly, i.e., to do something in a covert manner (2Ki 17:9+), note: with this meaning דָּבָר (dā·ḇār) is translated “thing,” note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.69–33.108 (piel) utter, speak, i.e., say certain words, possibly speak false invocations (2Ki 17:9+), note: with this meaning דָּבָר (dā·ḇār) is translated “word.”; note: context favors “secret” as the meaning

חפה (ḥph): see 2902

2902 חָפָה (ḥā·p̄ā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2645; TWOT 707—LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) cover, i.e., place an object over another object often to protect, hide, or make a signal of sorrow (2Sa 15:30b; Est 7:8; Jer 14:3, 4+); (qal pass.) be covered (2Sa 15:30a; Est 6:12+); (nif) covered, sheathed (Ps 68:14[EB 13]+); (piel) cover, panel, overlay (2Ch 3:5,7, 8, 9+)

2903 I. חֻפָּה (ḥǔp·pā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2646; TWOT 710b—1. LN 21.17–21.24 canopy, i.e., an overhead cover that protects from hostile elements, as a figurative extension of a cloth material cover (Isa 4:5+), see also domain LN 6.152–6.187; 2. LN 7.2–7.25 bridal chamber, pavilion, i.e., a bridal tent for the wedding ceremony or first nuptial night of the “honeymoon” (Ps 19:6[EB 5]; Joel 2:16+), note: it is possible this is a construction other than a tent

2904 II. חֻפָּה (ḥǔp·pā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2647;—LN 93-pers. (male) Huppah: head of 13th priestly course (1Ch 24:13+)

חפז (ḥpz): see 2905

2905 חָפַז (ḥā·p̄ǎz): v.; ≡ Str 2648; TWOT 708—1. LN 68.79–68.82 (qal) hurry away, i.e., to move quickly, implying alarm (2Sa 4:4; 2Ki 7:15 Q+); (nif) (1Sa 23:26; 2Ki 7:15 K; Ps 48:6[EB 5]; 104:7+); 2. LN 25.270–25.287 (qal) be in dismay, i.e., be in a sorrowful state (Ps 31:23[EB 22]; 116:11+); 3. LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) be alarmed, be in fear (Dt 20:3; Job 40:23+)

2906 חִפָּזוֹן (ḥip·pā·zôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2649; TWOT 708a—LN 68.79–68.82 haste, hurry, i.e., the act. of doing something quickly, implying anxiety or anticipation (Ex 12:11; Dt 16:3; Isa 52:12+)

2907 חֻפִּים (ḥǔp·pîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2650;—LN 93-pers. (male) Huppim: 1. a son of Benjamin (Ge 46:21), note: possibly same as 2573, 2586(2.) 2. (gent.) Huppites: pertaining to Huppim (1Ch 7:12, 15+), see 1.

2908 חֹפֶן (ḥō·p̄ěn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2651; TWOT 709a—1. LN 8 the hollow of the hand as a portion of the body, i.e., the cupped area of the palm facing up, with a focus of being a small area, the part of the hand that can grasp (Pr 30:4; Eze 10:2, 7+); 2. LN 81.20–81.24 unit: מְלֹא חֹפֶן (melō(ʾ) ḥō·p̄ěn) handful, formally, full hollow of the hand, as a rough measurement of a volume (Ex 9:8; Lev 16:12; Ecc 4:6+)

2909 חָפְנִי (ḥāp̄·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2652;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hophni: son of Eli (1Sa 1:3; 2:34; 4:4, 11, 17+)

חפף (ḥpp): see 2910

2910 חָפַף (ḥā·p̄ǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2653; TWOT 710—LN 21.17–21.24 (qal) shield, shelter, i.e., protect another from harm and cause them to be safe (Dt 33:12+)

חפץ (ḥpṣ)[1] Lisowsky and KB: see 2911

חפץ (ḥpṣ)[1] Lisowsky and KB: see 2912

2911 I. חָפֵץ (ḥā·p̄ēṣ): v.; ≡ Str 2654; TWOT 712, 713—1. LN 25.1–25.11 (qal) desire, want, i.e., have a feeling or attitude to experience or possess an object (Dt 25:7); 2. LN 25.102–25.115 (qal) delight, take pleasure in, be eager, i.e., have a fondness or affection for an object or experience (Nu 14:8); 3. LN 25.65–25.67 (qal) be willing, i.e., to do something not by force, implying a voluntary choice (Ru 3:13)

2912 II. חָפַץ (ḥā·p̄ǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 2654; TWOT 712—1. LN 18.12–18.23 hang, i.e., to be in a natural position fastened to the body and not moving (Job 40:17+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 16 (qal) sway, gently waver back and forth, i.e., a non-linear motion of branches in the wind (Job 40:17+); 3. LN 15.118–15.122 (qal) bend down, i.e., the stiff downward extension of an object like the falling motion of a tree falling (Job 40:17+), note: though difficult to determine, “hang” is the likely meaning, since the second half in the couplet is also a static verb

2913 III. חָפֵץ (ḥā·p̄ēṣ): adj. [see also 2913.5]; ≡ Str 2655; TWOT 712a—1. LN 25.1–25.11 desired, wanted, preferred, i.e., pertaining to a feeling or attitude to experience or possess an object (1Ki 21:6; Ps 40:15[EB 14]; 70:3[EB 2]; Mal 3:1+); 2. LN 25.102–25.115 delighted, pleasured, eager, i.e., pertaining to a fondness or affection for an object or experience (Ne 1:11; Ps 5:5[EB 4]; 34:13[EB 12]; 35:27; 111:2+); 3. LN 25.65–25.67 willing, volunteer, i.e., pertaining to what is not by force, implying a voluntary choice (1Ki 13:33; 1Ch 28:9+)

חָפֵץ (ḥā·p̄ēṣ): n.[masc.] [served by 2913]—see 2913

2914 חֵפֶץ (ḥē·p̄ěṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2656; TWOT 712b—1. LN 25.102–25.115 desire, delight, i.e., take pleasure or enjoyment in something (1Sa 15:22); 2. LN 13.115 affair, event, matter, thing, i.e., something that happens which one can refer to (Ecc 3:1, 17; 5:7[EB 8]; 8:6)

2915 חֶפְצִי־בָהּ (ḥěp̄·ṣî-·ḇāh): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2657;—LN 93-pers. (female) Hephzibah: mother of King Manasseh (2Ki 21:1+)

חֶפְצִי־בָהּ (ḥěp̄·ṣî-·ḇāh): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2657;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hephzibah: same as Jerusalem (Isa 62:4+), see also 3731

I. חפר (ḥpr): see 2916

II. חפר (ḥpr): see 2917

2916 I. חָפַר (ḥā·p̄ǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2658; TWOT 714—1. LN 19.55 (qal) dig, i.e., make a hole in dirt, shallow or deep by means of a scooping implement or with the hands or feet (Ge 21:30; 26:15, 18,19, 21, 22, 32; Ex 7:24; Dt 23:14[EB 13]; Job 39:21; Ps 7:16[EB 15]; 35:7; Ecc 10:8; Jer 13:7+); 2. LN 27.34–27.47 (qal) search for, look about, seek out, spy out, i.e., try to learn information about a desireable object (Nu 21:18; Dt 1:22; Jos 2:2, 3; Job 3:21; 11:18; 39:29+), note: for another interp in Isa 2:20 K, see 2923

2917 II. חָפַר (ḥā·p̄ǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2659; TWOT 715—1. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) have dismay, be in confusion, be abashed, i.e., have feelings of anxiety and distress (Job 6:20; Ps 35:4; 35:26; 40:15[EB 14]; 70:3[EB 2]; 71:24+); 2. LN 87.58–87.75 (qal) be disgraced, be ashamed, i.e., be in a state of low status and dishonor (Ps 34:6[EB 5]; 83:18[EB 17]; Isa 1:29; 24:23; Jer 15:9; 50:12; Mic 3:7+); (hif) bring disgrace, cause shame (Pr 13:5; 19:26; Isa 33:9; 54:4+)

2918 I. חֵפֶר (ḥē·p̄ěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2660;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hepher: 1. of Manasseh through Gilead (Nu 26:32, 33; 27:1; Jos 17:2, 3+) 2. of Judah (1Ch 4:6+) 3. a great warrior (1Ch 11:36+), see also 2920

2919 II. חֵפֶר (ḥē·p̄ěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2660;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hepher: town on the west side of Jordan River (Jos 12:17; 1Ki 4:10+), note: BDB as two locations; also, a part of a compound name, Gath Hepher, see 1783

2920 חֶפְרִי (ḥěp̄·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2662;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Hepherite: pertaining to Hepher (Nu 26:32+), see also 2918

2921 חֲפָרַיִם (ḥǎp̄ā·rǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2663;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hapharaim: town of Issachar, (Jos 19:19+), note: some sources locate as

2922 חָפְרַע (ḥāp̄·rǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6548;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hophra: Pharaoh of the time of Jeremiah (Jer 44:30+)

חֲפַרְפָּר (ḥǎp̄ǎr·pār): n.masc.—see 2923 (Isa 2:20 v.r.)

2923 חֲפַרְפָּרָה (ḥǎp̄ǎr·pā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2661, 6512;—1. LN 4.1–4.37 ceremonially unclean rodent: the holy shrew-mouse Crocidura religiosa (Isa 2:20 cj+), note: for MT text, see 2916 + 7249, see also BHS ftn; note: NIV, “rodent;” BDB, most versions, “mole;” Tanakh, “flying foxes;” note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 4.47–4.50 (NEB, REB) dung-beetle, i.e., an insect (Isa 2:20+)

חפשׂ (ḥpś): see 2924

2924 חָפַשׂ (ḥā·p̄ǎś): v.; ≡ Str 2664; TWOT 716—1. LN 30.56–30.74 (qal) plot, i.e., think about a plan of action alone, or with others (Ps 64:7a[EB 6a]+); (pual) devise (Ps 64:7b[EB 6b]+); 2. LN 27.34–27.47 (qal) search for, examine, i.e., try to learn information about an object (Pr 2:4; 20:27; La 3:40+); (piel) search, look around, track down, hunt down, inquire (Ge 31:35; 44:12; 1Sa 23:23; 1Ki 20:6; 2Ki 10:23; Ps 77:7[EB 6]; Am 9:3; Zep 1:12+), note: for NIV text in Job 28:11, see 2502; 3. LN 28.68–28.83 (pual) hidden, i.e., pertaining to not being able to be seen or discovered (Pr 28:12+); (hitp) disguise oneself, i.e., hide one’s true identity (1Sa 28:8; 1Ki 20:38; 22:30; 2Ch 18:29; 35:22+); 4. LN 57.232–57.248 (nif) be ransacked, formally, examined, i.e., be plundered as an extension of searching out for objects by uncovering and rooting out (Ob 6+); 5. LN 37.1–37.32 (hitp) restricts, confines, formally, disguise with clothing, i.e., control or restrain an object as a figurative extension of putting on enough clothing and wrappings to disguise oneself and so not have a freedom of motion of the body (Job 30:18+)

2925 חֵפֶשׂ (ḥē·p̄ěś): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2665; TWOT 716a—LN 30.75–30.85 plan, plot, i.e., an intended and purposed action by two or more (Ps 64:7[EB 6]+)

חפשׁ (ḥpš): see 2926

2926 חָפַשׁ (ḥā·p̄ǎš): v.; ≡ Str 2666; TWOT 717—LN 37.127–37.138 (pual pf.) be freed, i.e., to no longer be in the state of ownership by another as a possession (Lev 19:20+)

2927 חֹפֶשׁ (ḥō·p̄ěš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2667; TWOT 717a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 woven material (Eze 27:20+); 2. LN 6.4–6.9 unit: בֶּגֶד חֹפֶשׁ רִכְבָּה (bě·ḡěḏ ḥō·p̄ěš riḵ·bā(h)) saddle blanket (Eze 27:20+)

2928 חֻפְשָׁה (ḥǔp̄·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2668; TWOT 717b—LN 37.127–37.138 freedom, i.e., the concept a person being set free by another (Lev 19:20+)

חפשׁות (ḥpšwt) BDB: see 2929

2929 חָפְשׁוּת (ḥāp̄·šûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2669; TWOT 717d—see 2931 (2Ch 26:21 K+)

2930 חָפְשִׁי (ḥāp̄·šî): adj.; ≡ Str 2670; TWOT 717c—1. LN 37.127–37.138 free, i.e., pertaining to no longer being owned or obligated to another in service (Ex 21:2, 5, 26, 27; Dt 15:12, 13, 18; Job 3:19; 39:5; Isa 58:6; Jer 34:9, 10, 11, 14, 16+); 2. LN 57.219–57.223 tax exempt, i.e., pertaining to being free from a certain tax debt obligation (1Sa 17:25+); 3. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: בְּ־ הַ־ מוּת חָפְשִׁי (b- hǎ- mûṯ ḥāp̄·šî) be dead, formally, be released to the dead ones, i.e., be in a state of death, possibly as an ironic statement heightening the focus of abandonment and forsakenness (Ps 88:6[EB 5]+)

2931 חָפְשִׁית (ḥāp̄·šîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2669; TWOT 717d—LN 63.28–63.31 separation, physical isolation, but also clearly implying a cessation of all normal duties and socialization (2Ki 15:5; 2Ch 26:21 Q+), see also domain LN 13.48–13.68

2932 חֵץ (ḥēṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2671; TWOT 721b—1. LN 6.29–6.40 arrow, i.e., a shooting missile shot with a bow, as a weapon (1Sa 20:20), note: for K at 1Sa 20:38, see 2943; note: for Q in 1Sa 17:7, see 6770; 2. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: בַּעַל חֵץ (bǎ·ʿǎl ḥēṣ) archer, formally, lord of arrows, i.e., one who shoots arrows very well (Ge 49:23)

חצב (ḥṣb), חָצַב (ḥā·ṣǎḇ): see 2933, 2934

2933 I. חָצֵב (ḥā·ṣēḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2672; TWOT 718—1. LN 19.55 (qal) dig, i.e., make a hole in dirt, shallow or deep by means of a scooping implement or with the hands or feet (Dt 6:11b; 8:9; 2Ch 26:10; Jer 2:13+); (qal pass.) be dug (Dt 6:11a; Ne 9:25+); 2. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) hew, i.e., cut an object off or out of another main object (1Ch 22:2; Pr 9:1; Isa 5:2; 10:15; 22:16; Hos 6:5+); (pual) be cut out (Isa 51:1+); (hif) cut in pieces (Isa 51:9+); 3. LN 33.35–33.68 (nif) be engraved, be carved, i.e., cut or incise letters or designs (Job 19:24+)

2934 II. חָצַב (ḥā·ṣǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2672; TWOT 718—LN 14.15–14.16 (qal) (NIV, RSV, NRSV, NAB) flash, i.e., have bright light of lightning occur (Ps 29:7+), note: KJV, ASV, NASB, NJB, see 2933 “hew,” “carve;” Tanakh, “kindle (a fire);” note: Holladay (NEB?, REB?) suggests a contextual meaning of “stir up” or “poke” a fire and so cause flames of a fire to erupt, see also domain LN 14.63–14.73; note: the editor thinks “flash of lightning” is the proper contextual rendering

2935 חֹצֵב (ḥō·ṣēḇ): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 2672; TWOT 718—LN 45 stone craftsman, i.e., one who works with stone in construction, including a stonecutter and/or a stone-mason (1Ki 5:29[EB 15]; 2Ki 12:13[EB 12]; 1Ch 22:2, 15; 2Ch 2:1[EB 2],17[EB 18]; 24:12; Ezr 3:7+)

חצה (ḥṣh): see 2936

2936 חָצָה (ḥā·ṣā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2673; TWOT 719—1. LN 63.23–63.27 (qal) divide, set apart, i.e., have an object, time frame, or entity broken or cut up into lesser parts of a whole (Ge 32:8[EB 7]; 33:1; Ex 21:35; Nu 31:27, 42; Jdg 7:16; 9:43; Job 40:30[EB 41:6]; Ps 55:24[EB 23]+), note: division into two parts is assumed unless contexts suggests otherwise; (nif) divided, parceled, (2Ki 2:8, 14; Eze 37:22; Da 11:4+); 2. LN 83.48–83.54 (qal) rise to, reach to, formally, divide, i.e., come to a certain upper position, as a figurative extension of dividing an object into that which is in a mass and that portion which is above the mass (Isa 30:28+)

חֲצוֹצְרָה (ḥǎṣô·ṣerā(h)): see 2956 Nu 10:2+

2937 I. חָצוֹר (ḥā·ṣôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2674;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hazor: 1. of Naphtali, Canaanite royal city, (Jos 11:1) 2. town of Judah (Jos 15:25+), see also 7955 3. town N of Jerusalem (Ne 11:33+), note: some relate to 1258 4. place attacked by Nebuchadnezzar (Jer 49:28, 30, 33+), see also 2938 5. another town of Judah (Jos 15:23+); also part of a compound name, Baal Hazor, see 1258; Hazor Hadattah, see 2939; En Hazor, see 6533

2938 II. חָצוֹר (ḥā·ṣôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2674;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hazor: an Arabian area (Jer 49:28, 30, 33+), see also 2937(4.)

2939 חָצוֹר חֲדַתָּה (ḥā·ṣôr ḥǎḏǎt·tā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2675;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hazor Hadattah: town in the Negev of Judah (Jos 15:25+)

2940 חֲצוֹת (ḥǎṣôṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2676; TWOT 719a—1. LN 67.136–67.141 middle, i.e., the halfway point of a period of time (Ex 11:4; Job 34:20; Ps 119:62+); 2. LN 67.73–67.77 unit: חֲצוֹת לַיְלָה (ḥǎṣôṯ lǎy·lā(h)) midnight, i.e., a point of time in a larger unit framework (Ex 11:4; Job 34:20; Ps 119:62+)

חָצוֹת (ḥā·ṣôṯ) BDB: see 2940

2941 חֻצוֹת (ḥǔ·ṣôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7155;—LN 93-place (loc.) Huzoth: part of a compound name, Kiriath Huzoth, see 7960

2942 חֲצִי (ḥǎṣî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2677; TWOT 719b—1. LN 63.13–63.20 half, i.e., a part or portion of something, or length, constituting fifty percent (Ex 24:6); 2. LN 83.9–83.17 middle, midst, i.e., a position in the center of an area (Jos 10:13); 3. LN 67.136–67.141 middle, i.e., the half way point of a period of time (Da 9:27); 4. LN 67.73–67.77 unit: חֲצִי לַיְלָה (ḥǎṣî lǎy·lā(h)) midnight, i.e., a point of time in a larger unit framework (Ex 12:29; Jdg 16:3); 5. LN 81 unit: חֲצִי מַעֲנָה צֶמֶד (ḥǎṣî mǎ·ʿǎnā(h) ṣě·měḏ) half an acre, i.e., half the amount of land a pair of oxen could plow in a day, by some reckonings, a square of 65 × 65 ft. (20 × 20m.) (1Sa 14:14); 6. LN 1.82–1.85 unit: חֲצִי פֶּלֶךְ (ḥǎṣî pě·lěḵ)2 half-district, i.e., a subdivision of an administrative district (Ne 3:9)

חֲצִי הַמְּנֻחוֹת (ḥǎṣî hǎm·menǔ·ḥôṯ) BDB: see 4971 (1Ch 2:52)

חֲצִי הַמָּנַחְתִּי (ḥǎṣî hǎm·mā·nǎḥ·tî) BDB: see 4971 (1Ch 2:54)

2943 I. חֵצִי (ḥē·ṣî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2678; TWOT 719c, 721b—LN 6.29–6.40 arrow, i.e., a shooting missile shot with a bow, as a weapon (1Sa 20:36, 37,38 K; 2Ki 9:24+), note: for Q in 1Sa 20:38, see 2932

2944 II. חֵצִי (ḥē·ṣî): n.masc.—see 2942

2945 I. חָצִיר (ḥā·ṣîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2682; TWOT 724a, 725a—1. LN 3.13–3.32 green grass, i.e., a plant eatable for animals, needing water to grow (1Ki 18:5; 2Ki 19:26; Job 8:12; 40:15; Ps 37:2; 90:5; 103:15; 104:14; 129:6; 147:8; Isa 15:6; 35:7; 37:27; 40:6, 7,8; 44:4; 51:12+), note: for another interp in Isa 34:13, see 2948; 2. LN 3.13–3.32 hay, i.e., brown, dried, grass plant product for animal food (Pr 27:25+), see also 2946, 2947, 2948

2946 II. חָצִיר (ḥā·ṣîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2682; TWOT 724a—LN 3.13–3.32 leek plant, i.e., a garden herb of the lily family Allium porrum (Nu 11:5+), see also 2945; note: this may be a more general word, “green vegetable” of an unknown genus or species

2947 III. חָצִיר (ḥā·ṣîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2682; TWOT 724a—LN 3.13–3.32 (KB3, Holladay) reed, i.e., a plant needing very much water as in a marsh or swamp (Isa 35:7; 44:4; Job 8:12+), note: for another interp, see 2945 or 2946

2948 IV. חָצִיר (ḥā·ṣîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2681; TWOT 723b—LN 85.67–85.85 haunt, nest, i.e., a place where a bird habitually resides, with no focus on the materials it may be made of (Isa 34:13+), for another interp in Isa 35:7, see 2945

2949 חֵצֶן (ḥē·ṣěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2683; TWOT 720a—LN 6.152–6.187 chest part of a garment, i.e., the loose folds of the robe or garment used as a holding and carrying container (Ps 129:7+), note: though context might allow that this is a part of the body, i.e., the arms to hold things, context favors the meaning of a garment, see also 2950

2950 חֹצֶן (ḥō·ṣěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2684; TWOT 720b—1. LN 8 arms, bosom, i.e., the part of the arms that hold and carry an object and hold close to the chest (Isa 49:22+); 2. LN 6.152–6.187 chest part of a garment, i.e., the loose folds of the robe or garment used as a holding and carrying container (Ne 5:13+), see also 2949

חצץ (ḥṣṣ): see 2951, 2952

2951 I. חָצַץ (ḥā·ṣǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 2686; TWOT 721, 721c—1. LN 63.23–63.27 (qal ptcp.) be divided into ranks, i.e., to have the appearance of an army (Pr 30:27+); 2. LN 13.69–13.103 (pual pf.) come to an end, be finished, implying the ceasing is premature or curtailed (Job 21:21+)

2952 II. חָצַץ (ḥā·ṣǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 2686; TWOT 721—LN 47.14–47.18 (piel ptcp. masc.pl.) worker at a water hole, i.e., one who divides up a job at a well or shares water, variously interpreted (Jdg 5:11+), note: in context these workers were singing or making celebration; (NIV) singers; (RSV, NRSV) musicians; (REB) merry-makers; (NAB) harp players; (NEB) players; (KB3, Holladay) carriers of water; (NASB; NJB) shepherds, flock dividers; (BDB, ASV, KJV, NKJV, Tanakh) archers; (Tanakh ftn) thunder, note: see BHS ftn, 2955, note: possibly see also domains LN 42, LN 43, LN 44, LN 46

2953 חָצָץ (ḥā·ṣāṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2687; TWOT 721a—LN 2.14–2.28 grit, gravel, i.e., very small bits of stone which would break the teeth if chewed (Pr 20:17; La 3:16+)

2954 חַצְצוֹן תָּמָר (ḥǎṣ·ṣôn tā·mār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2688;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hazazon Tamar: 1. of Judah, an ancient oasis, near the Salt Sea (2Ch 20:2+), see also 6527 2. place where Amorites were defeated (Ge 14:7+)

חַצֲצֹן תָּמָר (ḥǎ·ṣǎṣōn tā·mār): see 2954

חצצר (ḥṣṣr) BDB: see 2955

2955 חַצְצַר (ḥǎṣ·ṣǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2690; TWOT 726b—1. LN 6.83–6.95 (piel ptcp.) trumpet blower, i.e., one who blows a trumpet (2Ch 5:12 K,13 K+); 2. LN 6.83–6.95 (piel) sound a trumpet (1Ch 15:24 K; 2Ch 7:6 K; 13:14 K; 29:28 K+), note: BDB parses some of these as hif; note: lexical form has four radicals

2956 חֲצֹצְרָה (ḥǎṣō·ṣerā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2689; TWOT 726a—1. LN 6.83–6.95 trumpet, i.e., a clarion-like wind musical instrument made of metal; a long, slender tube with a flaring bell on the far end, making a loud sound (2Ki 11:14b); 2. LN 6.83–6.95 trumpeter, i.e., one who blows a trumpet (2Ki 11:14a)

2957 חָצַר (ḥā·ṣǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2690; TWOT 726b—LN 6.83–6.95 (piel or hif) blow a trumpet (1Ch 15:24 Q; 2Ch 5:12 Q,13 Q; 7:6 Q; 13:14 Q; 29:28 Q+), note: for K, see 2955

2958 I. חָצֵר (ḥā·ṣēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2691, 2699;—1. LN 7.54–7.56 courtyard, outer, open area of a construction, possibly walled (2Sa 17:18); 2. LN 1.88–1.94 village, settlement, i.e., a population center smaller and less significant than a city, without a defense wall (Lev 25:31; Dt 2:23; Jos 13:23–21:12 passim)

2959 II. חָצֵר (ḥā·ṣēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2694;—LN 93-place Hazar: part of a compound name, Hazer Hatticon, see 2962

חָצֹר (ḥā·ṣōr) BDB: see 2937 (1Ki 9:15)

2960 חֲצַר־אַדָּר (ḥǎṣǎr-·ʾǎd·dār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2692;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hazar Addar: town on the S border of Judah or (Nu 34:4+), note: same as 162

2961 חֲצַר גַּדָּה (ḥǎṣǎr gǎd·dā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2693;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hazar Gaddah: town of southern Judah (Jos 15:27+)

2962 חָצֵר הַתִּיכוֹן (ḥā·ṣēr hǎt·tî·ḵôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2694;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hazer Hatticon: place on the N border (Eze 47:16+)

2963 חֲצַר סוּסָה (ḥǎṣǎr sû·sā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2701;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hazar Susah: town of Judah, later given to Simeon (Jos 19:5+), see also 2964

2964 חֲצַר סוּסִים (ḥǎṣǎr sû·sîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2702;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hazar Susim: town of Judah, later given to Simeon (1Ch 4:31+), see also 2963

2965 חֲצַר עֵינוֹן (ḥǎṣǎr ʿê·nôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2703;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hazar Enan: place on the northern boundary of Damascus (Eze 47:17+), see also 2966(2.)

2966 חֲצַר עֵינָן (ḥǎṣǎr ʿê·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2704;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hazar Enan: 1. town on the northern border of Israel (Nu 34:9, 10+) 2. place on the northern boundary of Damascus (Eze 48:1+), see also 2965

2967 חֲצַר שׁוּעָל (ḥǎṣǎr šû·ʿāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2705;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hazar Shual: town of Judah (Jos 15:28; 19:3; 1Ch 4:28; Ne 11:27+), note: BDB makes Jos 19:3 as a separate place

2968 חֶצְרוֹ (ḥěṣ·rô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2695;—LN 93-pers. (male) (ASV, NASB, NIV, RSV, NRSV, NJB) Hezro: one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:35 K; 1Ch 11:37+), note: for K in Second Samuel, see 2974

2969 I. חֶצְרוֹן (ḥěṣ·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2696;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hezron: 1. see also 2969 2. of Reuben (Ge 46:9; Ex 6:14; Nu 26:6; 1Ch 5:3+) 3. of Judah (Ge 46:12; Nu 26:21; Ru 4:18, 19; 1Ch 2:5, 9, 18, 21, 24,25; 4:1+), see also DBLGrk 2272, see also 2971

2970 II. חֶצְרוֹן (ḥěṣ·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2696;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hezron: place on the southern border of Judah (Jos 15:3+); also part of a compound name, Kerioth Hezron, see 7955

2971 חֶצְרוֹנִי (ḥěṣ·rô·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2697;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Hezronite: pertaining to Hezron (Nu 26:6, 21+), see also 2969

2972 חֲצֵרוֹת (ḥǎṣē·rôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2698;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hazeroth: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 11:35; 12:16; 33:17, 18; Dt 1:1+)

2973 חֲצֵרִים (ḥǎṣē·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2691; TWOT 722a—LN 93-place (loc.) (KJV) Hazerim (Dt 2:23), note: most versions parse as a plural of 2958

2974 חֶצְרַי (ḥěṣ·rǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2695;—LN 93-pers. (male) (KJV, NKJV, Tanakh, NAB, NEB, REB) Hezrai (2Sa 23:35 Q+), note: for K see 2968

2975 חֲצַרְמָוֶת (ḥǎṣǎr·mā·wěṯ): n.pr. [BDB, KB, Holladay: terr]; ≡ Str 2700;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hazarmaveth: of Shem (Ge 10:26; 1Ch 1:20+), note: oth interp as a territory “Hadhramaut”

חֶצְרֹן (ḥěṣ·rōn) BDB: see 2969 (Nu 26:6, 21)

חֶצְרֹנִי (ḥěṣ·rō·nî) BDB: see 2971

חצרר (ḥṣrr): see 2955

חֲצֵרֹת (ḥǎṣē·rōṯ): see 2972

חֲצֹת (ḥǎṣōṯ): see 2940 (Ex 11:4+)

חֵק (ḥēq) BDB: see 2668

2976 חֹק (ḥōq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2706; TWOT 728a—1. LN 33.333–33.342 regulation, decree, statute, ordinance, i.e., a clear communicated prescription of what one should do (Ge 47:26; Ex 15:25); 2. LN 63.13–63.20 share, portion, i.e., an allotment of something as a part of a whole (Ge 47:22); 3. LN 26 thoughts, i.e., a faculty of thought (Jdg 5:15), note: for NIV text, read 2984; 4. LN 59.1–59.10 quota, i.e., a prescribed amount of something to be made (Ex 5:14); 5. LN 5.1–5.22 food, i.e., any general type of nourishment, with a focus on the portion of the amount of food (Pr 30:8; 31:15; Job 23:12); 6. LN 41.25–41.28 custom, tradition, i.e., a more or less fixed behavior generally accepted (Jdg 11:39; 2Ch 35:25); 7. LN 67.1–67.16 time, i.e., a point of time, without reference to other points of time (Job 14:13; Zep 2:2); 8. LN 80.5–80.7 boundary, i.e., a limit or outer border of an area (Job 26:10; Pr 8:29; Jer 5:22; Eze 16:27; Mic 7:11)

חקה (ḥqh): see 2977

2977 חָקָה (ḥā·qā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2707; TWOT 727—1. LN 6.188–6.196 (pual) carving, i.e., an ornamental object make by hewing wood artistically (1Ki 6:35+); 2. LN 19.14–19.26 (pual) portrayed, carved, i.e., pertaining to wood artistically configured (Eze 8:10; 23:14+); 3. LN 33.35–33.68 (hitp) mark, scratch, inscribe, i.e., make meaningful marks on an object (Job 13:27+)

2978 חֻקָּה (ḥǔq·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2708; TWOT 728b—1. LN 33.333–33.342 regulation, decree, statute, ordinance, i.e., a clear communicated prescription of what one should do (2Sa 22:23); 2. LN 63.13–63.20 share, portion, i.e., an allotment of something as a part of a whole (Lev 7:36); 3. LN 41.25–41.28 custom, tradition, i.e., a more or less fixed behavior generally accepted (Lev 18:3, 30; 20:23; 2Ki 17:8, 19; Jer 10:3)

2979 חֲקוּפָא (ḥǎqû·p̄ā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2709;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hakupha: ancestor of some temple servants from captivity (Ezr 2:51; Ne 7:53+)

חקק (ḥqq): see 2980

2980 חָקַק (ḥā·qǎq): v. [see also 4735.5]; ≡ Str 2710; TWOT 728—1. LN 33.35–33.68 (qal) engrave, inscribe, mark out, i.e., make meaningful marks on an object (Pr 8:27, 29; Isa 30:8; 49:16; Eze 4:1+); (qal pass.) portrayed, engraved (Eze 23:14+); 2. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) chisel, i.e., hew out stone (Isa 22:16+); 3. LN 33.333–33.342 (qal) make a law, i.e., a prescription of what people must do, usually with penalties for non-compliance (Isa 10:1+); (poal) make laws (Pr 8:15+); (pual) decreed, i.e., the content of what is decreed (Pr 31:5+); 4. LN 33.35–33.68 (hof) be written, i.e., pertaining to written language on a scroll (Job 19:23+), note: Jdg 5:9, see 2577.5; note: for poel/poal ptcp. as n.masc., see 4735.5

2981 חֵקֶק (ḥē·qěq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2711; TWOT 728a—see 2976 note: for NIV text in Jdg 5:15, see 2984; Isa 10:1 NIV parses as 2976

2982 חֻקֹּק (ḥǔq·qōq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2712;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hukkok: town of Naphtali (Jos 19:34+)

חִקְקֵי־ (ḥiq·qê-): see 2976 (Jdg 5:15; Isa 10:1)

חקר (ḥqr): see 2983

2983 חָקַר (ḥā·qǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2713; TWOT 729—1. LN 27.34–27.47 (qal) explore, search out, discover, probe, sound out, examine, test, i.e., try to find out information about an object or event (Dt 13:15[EB 14]; Jdg 18:2; 1Sa 20:12; 2Sa 10:3; 1Ch 19:3; Job 5:27; 13:9; 28:3, 27; 32:11; Ps 44:22[EB 21]; 139:1, 23; Pr 18:17; 23:30; 25:2; 28:11; Jer 17:10; La 3:40; Eze 39:14+); (piel) search out, inquire (Ecc 12:9+); (nif) searched (Jer 31:37+); 2. LN 30.75–30.85 (nif) determined, i.e., pertaining to a conclusion or decision based on a logical process (1Ki 7:47; 2Ch 4:18+); 3. LN 56.36–56.37 (qal) plead a case, i.e., speak as a defense attorney in a legal setting (Job 29:16+); 4. LN 79.24–79.25 unit: (nif) לֹא חָקַר (lō(ʾ) ḥā·qǎr) dense, thick, formally, not searchable, i.e., a collection which is in such close proximity that it is difficult to move through as an extension of an object which one cannot find out information (Jer 46:23+)

2984 חֵקֶר (ḥē·qěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2714; TWOT 729a—1. LN 27.34–27.47 searching, seeking out to understand, trying to learn (Jdg 5:16; Job 8:8; 34:24; 36:26; Pr 25:27), note: MT in Jdg 5:15 NIV, read as 2976; 2. LN 28.68–28.83 secret, mysteries, i.e., that which cannot be known (Job 11:7+); 3. LN 32.1–32.10 understanding, fathoming, i.e., to have a comprehension of something (Job 5:9; 9:10; Ps 145:3; Isa 40:28+); 4. LN 32.42–32.61 unit: אַיִן חֵקֶר (ʾǎ·yin ḥē·qěr) not knowable, i.e., no capacity for understanding (Pr 25:3+); 5. LN 1.17–1.25 deep places in the ocean, i.e., places that are not able to be learned about, implied to be an abode or nether-region (Job 38:16+), see also domain LN 32.42–32.61

2985 I. חֹר (ḥōr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2715; TWOT 757a—LN 37.48–37.95 nobles, i.e., ones of a ruling class, usually of a town or city (1Ki 21:8, 11; Ne 2:16; 4:8[EB 14],13[EB 19]; 5:7; 6:17; 7:5; 13:17; Ecc 10:17; Isa 34:12; Jer 27:20; 39:6+)

2986 II. חֹר (ḥōr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2356; TWOT 758a—1. LN 1.51–1.59 hole, i.e., a depression in the earth, with a focus on an area like this as a hiding place (1Sa 14:11; Job 30:6+); 2. LN 45 hole in an object, i.e., an opening in a manufactured product allowing viewing or passage or partial passage, as an act. of construction (2Ki 12:10[EB 9]; SS 5:4; Eze 8:7+), used of a door, wall, box.; 3. LN 1.56 lair hole of an animal (Na 2:13[EB 12]+); 4. LN 8 eye socket in a skull, i.e., the area of the skull that holds the eyeball (Zec 14:12+)

2987 חֻר (ḥǔr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2352; TWOT 758b—1. LN 1.56 den hole of a snake (Isa 11:8+); 2. LN 1.51–1.59 pit, i.e., a depression in the earth with steep sides, to hold captive an entity (Isa 42:22+)

2988 חֹר הַגִּדְגָּד (ḥōr hǎg·giḏ·gāḏ): n.pr. [BDB: n.[masc.] (2986) + n.pr.loc.]; ≡ Str 2735;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hor Haggidgad: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:32, 33+), see also 1516, note: BDB translates “the hollow of Gidgad.”

חֶרֶא (ḥě·rě(ʾ)) BDB: see 2989

2989 חֲרָאִים (ḥǎrā·ʾîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2716; TWOT 730a—LN 8.70–8.77 feces, dung, manure, i.e., the excrement of a mammal, considered as detestably unclean for consumption (2Ki 18:27 K; Isa 36:12+); note: for 1Ki 6:25 Q, see 1807;, or for 2Ki 18:27 Q, see 7363

I. חרב (ḥrb): see 2990

II. חרב (ḥrb): see 2991

2990 I. חָרֵב (ḥā·rēḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2717; TWOT 731, 732—1. LN 79.78–79.83 (qal) dry up, be parched, i.e., in a state which has very little or no moisture (Ge 8:13); (pual) dried up (Jdg 16:7, 8+); (hif) cause to dry up (2Ki 19:24); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) be desolate, lay in ruins, i.e., be in a state of destruction, a fearful condition; (nif) be ruined, be desolate (Eze 26:19; 30:7+); (hif) lay waste, devastate (Jdg 16:24); (hof) lie in ruins (Eze 26:2; 29:12+), note: for MT (hif) text in Isa 11:15, see 3050

2991 II. חָרֵב (ḥā·rēḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2717; TWOT 731—1. LN 20.61–20.88 (qal imv.) kill another (Jer 50:21, 27+); 2. LN 20.1–20.11 (nif & hof?) fight each other (2Ki 3:23ab), note: some repoint the hof to a nif pointing, see BHS ftn

2992 III. חָרֵב (ḥā·rēḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 2720; TWOT 731a—1. LN 79.78–79.83 dry, i.e., pertaining to an object not containing moisture of any kind (Lev 7:10; Pr 17:1+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 wasted, i.e., pertaining to being in ruins and so destroyed, implying a lack of inhabitants (Ne 2:3, 17; Jer 33:10, 12; Eze 36:35, 38; Hag 1:4, 9+)

2993 IV. חָרֵב (ḥā·rēḇ): ; ≡ Str 2717; TWOT 731—2990, 2991, 2992

2994 V. חָרֵב (ḥā·rēḇ): 2990, 2991, 2992

2995 חֶרֶב (ḥě·rěḇ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2719; TWOT 732a—1. LN 6.29–6.40 sword, i.e., a metal weapon of war, the shape was likely straight, double edged, though sickle-shaped swords have also been found in ancient Palestinian tombs, the length possibly about 20 inches, though the length surely varied greatly (Ge 34:25), note: for NIV text in Dt 28:22, see 2996, for another interp of Ps 59:8[EB 7], see 2999.5; note: for MT text in Jer 25:38, see 3019; 2. LN 55.2–55.6 war, formally, sword, i.e., the figurative extension of a sword, as metonymy for a battle or an entire conflict (Ge 31:26; Eze 38:8); 3. LN 6.29–6.40 dagger, i.e., a relatively short sword, able to be hidden (Jdg 3:16); 4. LN 6.215–6.225 flint knife, i.e., an implement for cutting flesh (Jos 5:2); 5. LN 6.215–6.225 cutting tool, chisel, i.e., a stone cutting tool for construction work (Ex 20:25); 6. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: נָכָה לְ־ פֶּה חֶרֶב (nā·ḵā(h) l- pě(h) ḥě·rěḇ) kill, formally, strike with the mouth of the sword (Jos 10:30); 7. LN 8 teeth, formally, sword, i.e., the figurative extension of a sword as a sharp destructive part of the mouth of a dog (Ps 59:8[EB 7])

2996 I. חֹרֶב (ḥō·rěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2721; TWOT 731b—1. LN 14.63–14.73 heat, i.e., the burning sun making a body hot (Ge 31:40; Isa 4:6; 25:4, 5; Jer 36:30+); 2. LN 79.78–79.83 dryness, i.e., to be without moisture of any kind, as the feature of an object (Jdg 6:37, 39, 40+); 3. LN 14 drought, a kind of weather that is an extended lack of rain (Jer 50:38; Hag 1:11+) note: for another interp of Jer 50:38, see 2997; for MT text in Dt 28:22, see 2995; 4. LN 23.142–23.184 fever, i.e., be sick with a fever (Job 30:30+)

2997 II. חֹרֶב (ḥō·rěḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2721; TWOT 731b—1. LN 20.31–20.60 waste, desolation, i.e., that which is a ruin (Isa 61:4; Eze 29:10+), note: for another interp of Jer 50:38, see 2996; 2. LN 25.186–25.188 object of horror, i.e., what is loathed and abhorred (Jer 49:13+); 3. LN 20.31–20.60 pile of rubble, i.e., a heap of building material in ruins (Zep 2:14+)

2998 חֹרֵב (ḥō·rēḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2722; TWOT 731c—LN 93-place (a mountain) Horeb: Mt. somewhere near Kadesh Barnea (Ex 3:1; Dt 1:2, 6, 19), see also 6099, 7000

2999 חָרְבָּה (ḥār·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2723; TWOT 731d—1. LN 20.31–20.60 ruins, i.e., a place destroyed and in rubble, implying a depopulation of the place, and so desolate (Lev 26:31); 2. LN 1.86–1.87 desert, i.e., a desolate place (Isa 48:21)

חֲרָבָה (ḥǎrā·ḇā(h)): n.fem.—see 2995 (Ps 59:8[EB 7]+)

3000 חָרָבָה (ḥā·rā·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2724; TWOT 731e—LN 1.60–1.68 dry land, dry ground, i.e., land as opposed to a body of water, with a central focus of not having moisture in it (Ge 7:22; Ex 14:21; Jos 3:17; 4:18; 2Ki 2:8; Eze 30:12; Hag 2:6+)

3001 חֲרָבוֹן (ḥǎrā·ḇôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2725; TWOT 731f—LN 14.63–14.73 dry heat, i.e., the burning sun making a body hot and lax (Ps 32:4+)

3002 חַרְבוֹנָא (ḥǎr·ḇô·nā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2726;—LN 93-pers. (male) Harbona: eunuch official of King Xerxes (Est 1:10+), see also 3003

3003 חַרְבוֹנָה (ḥǎr·ḇô·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2726;—LN 93-pers. (male) Harbonah, (NIV Harbona): eunuch official of King Xerxes (Est 7:9+) see also 3002

חַרְבּוֹנָה (ḥǎr·bô·nā(h)) BDB: see 3003

חרג (ḥrg): see 3004

3004 חָרַג (ḥā·rǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 2727; TWOT 733—LN 16 (qal impf.) tremble, i.e., a shaking movement of the body, as a basal response to fear (Ps 18:46[EB 45]+), note: for MT text of 2Sa 22:46, see 2520

3005 חַרְגֹּל (ḥǎr·gōl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2728; TWOT 734a—LN 4.47–4.50 locust, i.e., ceremonially clean insect, so eatable: a kind of locust of the Acrididae families; (NJB) hargol locust; (NEB, REB) green locust; most versions identify as an insect of the Gryllidae families, (ASV, NASB, NIV, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, NAB, Tanakh) cricket (Lev 11:22+); (KJV) beetle

חרד (ḥrd): see 3006

3006 חָרַד (ḥā·rǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 2729; TWOT 735—1. LN 16 (qal) tremble, quake, shudder, i.e., make a non-linear motion (Ex 19:18); 2. LN 16 (qal) beat, i.e., the non-linear motion of the heart chamber (Job 37:1); 3. LN 25.206–25.222 (qal) be startled, astonish, i.e., be in a state of surprise, but not necessarily moving to a fearful state (Ru 3:8); 4. LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) be afraid, formally, tremble, i.e., be in a state of fear, as an extension of the non-linear motion of trembling (Ex 19:16); (hif) make afraid, frighten, i.e., cause a state of fear or terror (Lev 26:6)

3007 חָרֵד (ḥā·rēḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 2730; TWOT 735a—1. LN 16 trembling, i.e., a non-linear movement as a basal response to fear (Jdg 7:3); 2. LN 25.251–25.269 fearful, formally, trembling, i.e., a state of severe distress as a figurative extension of a trembling motion (1Sa 4:13; Ezr 9:4; 10:3; Isa 66:2, 5+)

3008 I. חֲרֹד (ḥǎrōḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5878;—LN 93-place (loc.) Harod: water spring at the foot of Mt. Gilboa (Jdg 7:1+)

3009 II. חֲרֹד (ḥǎrōḏ): n.pr.—see 3012 Harod: n.pr.loc.? (2Sa 23:35)

3010 I. חֲרָדָה (ḥǎrā·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2731; TWOT 735b—1. LN 16 trembling, i.e., shaking as a non-linear movement as a basal response to a stressful situation (Ge 27:33); 2. LN 42.41–42.50 action showing care or concern (2Ki 4:13); 3. LN 25.251–25.269 terror, fear, i.e., a horror that may cause great anxiety or even panic (1Sa 14:15; Pr 29:25; Isa 21:4; Jer 30:5; Eze 26:16; Da 10:7+)

3011 II. חֲרָדָה (ḥǎrā·ḏā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2732;—LN 93-place (loc.) Haradah: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:24, 25+)

3012 חֲרֹדִי (ḥǎrō·ḏî): n.pr. [Holladay: LOC.]; ≡ Str 2733;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Harodite: pertaining to the clan or place of Harod (2Sa 23:25+), see 3008, 3009; see also 2229

חרה (ḥrh) Lisowsky: see 3013, 3014

חרה (ḥrh)[1] Holladay and KB: see 3013

חרה (ḥrh)[2] Holladay and KB: see 3014

3013 I. חָרָה (ḥā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2734, 8474; TWOT 736—1. LN 88.171–88.191 (qal) be angry, aroused, burn with anger, have a temper, i.e., have a strong feeling of displeasure, with a focus of an action to follow (Ex 22:23); (nif) enraged (Isa 41:11; 45:24+); 2. LN 50 (tifel) compete, contend with, i.e., try to outdo others, implied to be with zeal (Jer 12:5; 22:15+); 3. LN 25.223–25.250 (hitp) fret, formally, anger, i.e., be in a state of worry and concern as an extension of being internally angry (Ps 37:1, 7, 8; Pr 24:19+); 4. LN 25.33–25.58 (hif) be zealous, i.e., have a deep concern and eager desire (Ne 3:20), note: in SS 1:6, some parse as piel of 5723

3014 II. חָרָה (ḥā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2787; TWOT 756—LN 59.11–59.22 (qal) become few in number, i.e., become lesser number in quantity (Isa 24:6+), for another interp, see 3081

3015 חַרְהֲיָה (ḥǎr·hǎyā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2736;—LN 93-pers. (male) Harhaiah: father of a wall builder (Ne 3:8+), note: for BDB variant noted, see 3029

חָרוּז (ḥā·rûz) BDB: see 3016

3016 חֲרוּזִים (ḥǎrû·zîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 2737; TWOT 737a—LN 6.188–6.196 valuable ornamental necklace, i.e., an adornment for the neck, a string (or chain) of precious items around the neck, possibly stones, jewels, beads, pearls, or likely decorative shells (SS 1:10+)

3017 חָרוּל (ḥā·rûl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2738; TWOT 743a—LN 3.13–3.32 kind of weed, i.e., a wild plant that becomes undergrowth in an area once domestic (Job 30:7; Pr 24:31; Zep 2:9+). Many different specific weeds are suggested; chickpea or chickweed, wild artichoke, note: the species is not known, though a specific one may have been in mind

חָרוּם (ḥā·rûm) Holladay: see 3050 (Lev 21:18+)

3018 חֲרוּמַף (ḥǎrû·mǎp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2739;—LN 93-pers. (male) Harumaph: father of wall builder (Ne 1:1+)

3019 חָרוֹן (ḥā·rôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2740; TWOT 736a—1. LN 88.171–88.191 fierce anger, wrath, i.e., a very intense anger, implying one becomes so angry that the face becomes hot and flush-skinned (1Sa 28:18), note: for NIV text in Jer 25:38, see 2995; 2. LN 79.78–79.83 dry, i.e., referring to an object lacking moisture and so easy to burn (Ps 58:10[EB 9]), see also domain LN 14.63–14.73

חֹרוֹנַיִם (ḥō·rô·nǎ·yim) BDB: see 2589

3020 חֲרוּפִי (ḥǎrû·p̄î): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2741;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Haruphite: pertaining to a clan or place name (1Ch 12:6[EB 5] Q+), for K, see 3042

3021 I. חָרוּץ (ḥā·rûṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2742; TWOT 752a, 753a—LN 2.49 gold, i.e., a highly valued metal used for money and ornamental gilding (Ps 68:14[EB 13]; Pr 3:14; 8:10, 19; 16:16; Zec 9:3+)

3022 II. חָרוּץ (ḥā·rûṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2742; TWOT 752a—LN 1.51–1.59 defensive trench, ditch, i.e., a moat as a defensive feature of a rampart (Da 9:25+), note: possibly this is talking about enhancing the natural wadi valleys around Jerusalem; note: if the ו (w) is instrumental connecting “broad streets” then this would be a “gutter” or drainage conduit; note: for different text, see BHS ftn

3023 III. חָרוּץ (ḥā·rûṣ): n.[fem.] [see also 3023.5]; ≡ Str 2742; TWOT 752a—LN 6.4–6.9 threshing sledge, i.e., a sharp sleigh or sled made of heavy wood boards, possibly with stones attached to the underside, to move over grain stalks and dislodge the grain from the husk, as an instrument for harvest process (Job 41:22[EB 30]; Isa 28:27; Am 1:3+), note: for Isa 41:15, see also 3023.5

חָרוּץ (ḥā·rûṣ): adj. [served by 3023]; ≡ Str 2742; TWOT 752a—LN 79.95–79.96 (appar. most versions) sharp, i.e., pertaining to not being dull, but able to cut (Isa 41:15), note: KB, Tanakh, sees this as a repeated synonym noun, hence “a threshing sledge, a new threshing sledge,” see 3023

3024 IV. חָרוּץ (ḥā·rûṣ): adj. [BDB: qal pass.ptcp. of 3077]; ≡ Str 2782; TWOT 752—LN 23.142–23.184 maimed, mutilated, i.e., pertaining to having a cut that is characterized as a disfigurement and tearing of the flesh (Lev 22:22+), note: some translate “harelip” implying a congenital disfigurement

3025 V. חָרוּץ (ḥā·rûṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2742; TWOT 752a—LN 56.20–56.34 verdict, i.e., a decision in the context of a judicial determination, implying sure punishment (Joel 4:14[EB 3:14]+)

3026 VI. חָרוּץ (ḥā·rûṣ): adj.; ≡ Str 2742; TWOT 752a—LN 88.93–88.99 diligent, i.e., pertaining to being persistently industrious (Pr 10:4; 12:24, 27; 13:4+), see also domain LN 42.7–42.28 and LN 68.11–68.21; see also 3026.5

חָרוּץ (ḥā·rûṣ)[served by 3026]: n.masc.—LN 88.93–88.99 industrious person, i.e., one who is persistent in working (Pr 21:5+), see also domain LN 42.7–42.28

3027 VII. חָרוּץ (ḥā·rûṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2743;—LN 93-pers. (male) Haruz: grandfather of king Amon (2Ki 21:19+)

3028 חַרְחוּר (ḥǎr·ḥûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2744;—LN 93-pers. (male) Harhur: ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:51; Ne 7:53+)

3029 חַרְחֲיָה (ḥǎr·ḥǎyā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2736;—LN 93-pers. (male) Harchaiah: father of a wall builder (Ne 3:8), note: for BHS text, see also 3015

3030 חַרְחַס (ḥǎr·ḥǎs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2745;—LN 93-pers. (male) Harhas: grandfather-in-law of prophetess Huldah (2Ki 22:14+), see also 2897

3031 חַרְחֻר (ḥǎr·ḥǔr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2746; TWOT 756b—1. LN 14.1–14.3 scorching heat, very hot naturally occurring weather that is destructive to crops (Dt 28:22+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 23.142–23.184 fever, i.e., the improper regulation of internal body temperature, as an indication of illness (Dt 28:22+), note: MT phrasing favors this word grouped with “weather” words of the verse, see prior entry

חָרִט (ḥā·riṭ) Holladay: see 3038

3032 חֶרֶט (ḥě·rěṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2747; TWOT 738a—1. LN 6.54–6.67 stylus pen, for impressing wax or clay (Isa 8:1+); 2. LN 6.215–6.225 fashioning tool, i.e., graving tool for metal or wood fashioning (Ex 32:4+), note: possibly ink pen if 1663 a “scroll” or “vellum.”

3033 חַרְטֹם (ḥǎr·ṭōm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2748; TWOT 738b—LN 53.96–53.101 soothsayer priest, i.e., a class of persons in the Levant that interp dreams and omens as well as perform (seemingly?) supernatural acts (Ge 41:8, 24; Ex 7:11, 22; 8:3[EB 7],14[EB 18],15[EB 19]; 9:11; Da 1:20; 2:2+)

חֲרֵי (ḥǎrê), חֲרִי (ḥǎrî): see 2989

3034 חֳרִי (ḥǒrî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2750; TWOT 736b—LN 88.171–88.191 fierceness, intensity, burning, i.e., to be very angry, implying that the basal response makes one hot and the face flush (Ex 11:8; Dt 29:23[EB 24]; 1Sa 20:34; 2Ch 25:10; Isa 7:4; La 2:3+)

3035 I. חֹרִי (ḥō·rî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2751; TWOT 740—LN 5.1–5.22 bread, i.e., a white bread or cake made of very fine quality flour for pastries, i.e., not a “whole-grain” flour (Ge 40:16+)

3036 II. חֹרִי (ḥō·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2752;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hori: 1. son of Lotan (Ge 36:22; 1Ch 1:39+) 2. of Simeon, father of Shaphat (Nu 13:5+)

3037 III. חֹרִי (ḥō·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2753;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Horite: pertaining to Hori (Ge 14:6; 36:20, 21, 29, 30; Dt 2:12, 22+), see 3036(1.)

3038 חָרִיט (ḥā·rîṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2754; TWOT 739a—1. LN 6.118–6.151 strong bag, i.e., a leather or cloth vessel to hold precious metal (2Ki 5:23+); 2. LN 6.188–6.196 woman’s purse, as a woman’sing. ornamental accessory (Isa 3:22+)

3039 חִרְייוֹנִים (ḥiry·yô·nîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2755; TWOT 730a—see 2989 + 3433 (2Ki 6:25 K), note: for Q, see 1807

3040 חָרִיף (ḥā·rîp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2756;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hariph: 1. ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ne 7:24+), see also 3454 2. signer of covenant (Ne 10:20[EB 19]+)

3041 חֲרִיפוֹת (ḥǎrî·p̄ôṯ): n.[fem.]—see 2021 + 8195 grains of sand (2Sa 17:19 cj+)

3042 חֲרִיפִי (ḥǎrî·p̄î): n.pr. [BDB, KB: of person; Holladay: of loc.]; ≡ Str 2741;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Hariphite (1Ch 12:6[EB 5] K+), for Q see 3020

חֲרִיפִי (ḥǎrî·p̄î): adj.; ≡ Str 2741;—LN 14.63–14.73 sharp, i.e., pertaining to a strong desert wind (Jnh 4:8 cj+), note: as a feature of an object, see domain LN 79.70–79.77; note: MT text, see 3046

3043 I. חָרִיץ (ḥā·rîṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2757; TWOT 752c—LN 63.13–63.20 slice, portion, i.e., a piece of a larger mass that has been cut from that mass (1Sa 17:18+)

3044 II. חָרִיץ (ḥā·rîṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2757; TWOT 752c—LN 6.215–6.225 iron implement, i.e., a pick or pick-axe used in brickmaking (2Sa 12:31; 1Ch 20:3+)

חָרִירִי (ḥā·rî·rî): adj.; ≡ Str 2757; TWOT 752c—LN 14.63–14.73 hot, i.e., pertaining to a scorching desert wind (Jnh 4:8 cj+), note: as a feature of an object, see domain LN 79.70–79.77; note: MT text, see 3046

3045 חָרִישׁ (ḥā·rîš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2758; TWOT 760c—1. LN 43 plowing, tilling, i.e., the act. of turning the ground to ready for planting (1Sa 8:12+); 2. LN 67.163–67.200 time of plowing, ploughing season, i.e., the very early part of the planting cycle (Ge 45:6; Ex 34:21+), see also domain LN 45

3046 חֲרִישִׁי (ḥǎrî·šî): adj.; ≡ Str 2759; TWOT 760e—LN 14.63–14.73 hot, i.e., pertaining to a scorching desert wind, capable of withering and wilting vegetation (Jnh 4:8+), note: as a feature of an object, see domain LN 79.70–79.77; note: some translate as a “withering” (silent) wind, oth change text to 3042.5 or 3044.5, see BHS ftn, KB3

3047 חָרַךְ (ḥā·rǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 2760; TWOT 741, 742—1. LN 46 (qal) cook by roasting over open fire (Pr 12:27+), note: for another interp, see next, note: see BHS ftn for different text; 2. LN 18.1–18.11 capture, i.e., take possession of game as a hunter (Pr 12:27+)

3048 חֲרַכִּים (ḥǎrǎk·kîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 2762; TWOT 742a—LN 7.47 lattices, i.e., a kind of window made of crossed strips of wood; as a ventilation one can see out of but not easily into (SS 2:9+)

I. חרם (ḥrm): see 3049

II. חרם (ḥrm): see 3050

חָרֻם (ḥā·rǔm): see 3050 (Lev 21:18)

3049 I. חָרַם (ḥā·rǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2763; TWOT 744, 745—LN 53.44–53.52 (hif) devote to God, i.e., give a gift exclusively to God, which (once given) must then be destroyed so there will be no human use made of it (Lev 27:28), note: the gift may apparently be voluntary or commanded by deity, with the associative meaning of a gift given for destruction; (hof) be devoted (Ex 22:19; Lev 27:29; Ezr 10:8+), see also domain LN 57.71–57.124, LN 20.31–20.60

3050 II. חָרַם (ḥā·rǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2763; TWOT 744—1. LN 79.9–79.17 (qal pass. ptcp.) be disfigured, mutilated anywhere in the face area (Lev 21:18+), note: one might think of cleft palate, but this includes any split portion of the face; 2. LN 39.13–39.17 (hif) split a portion of the sea (Isa 11:15), note: for NIV text in Isa, see 2990

3051 I. חֵרֶם (ḥē·rěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2764; TWOT 744a, 745a—1. LN 53.16–53.27 consecrated possession, i.e., a thing devoted to the LORD (Lev 27:21, ); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 thing set apart to utter destruction, given to the ban, i.e., a thing or person that will be destroyed as a consecration to the LORD (1Sa 15:21; Isa 43:28), see also domain LN 53.16–53.27

3052 II. חֵרֶם (ḥē·rěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2764; TWOT 744a—1. LN 6.10–6.13 fishnet, i.e., a net used to trap fish (Eze 26:5, 14; 32:3; 47:10; Hab 1:15, 16, 17+); 2. LN 6.23–6.25 trap, i.e., a snare used in hunting (Ecc 7:26; Mic 7:2+)

3053 חָרִם (ḥā·rim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2766;—LN 93-pers. (male) Harim: 1. head of priestly course (1Ch 24:8+) 2. a returnee from captivity (Ezr 2:32; Ne 7:35+), note: some locate these people as from 3. ancestor of more returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:39; 10:21; Ne 7:42+) 4. signer of covenant (Ne 10:6[EB 5]+) 5. another signer of covenant (Ne 10:28[EB 27]+) 6. divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:31; Ne 3:11+) 7. priestly head in the days of Joiakim (Ne 12:15+)

3054 חֳרֵם (ḥǒrēm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2765;—LN 93-place (loc.) Horem: site of Naphtali (Jos 19:38+)

3055 חָרְמָה (ḥār·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2767;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hormah: town of Judah and Simeon or (Nu 14:45; 21:3; Dt 1:44; Jos 12:14; 15:30; 19:4; Jdg 1:17; 1Sa 30:30; 1Ch 4:30+)

3056 חֶרְמוֹן (ḥěr·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2768; TWOT 744b—LN 93-place Hermon: high mountain in NE Israel (Dt 3:8, 9; 4:48; Jos 11:3, 17; 12:1, 5; 13:5, 11; 1Ch 5:23; Ps 42:7[EB 6]; 89:13[EB 12]; 133:3; SS 4:8+), see also 8481, 8536, 8590; also part of a compound name Baal Hermon, see 1259

חֶרְמוֹנִים (ḥěr·mô·nîm) BDB: see 3056, 3057

3057 חֶרְמֹנִים (ḥěr·mō·nîm): n.pr.—LN 93-place Hermon: the elevated places of Mt. Hermon (Ps 42:7[EB 6]+), see also 3056, note: a height was often a place of worship

3058 חֶרְמֵשׁ (ḥěr·mēš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2770; TWOT 746—LN 6.4–6.9 sickle, i.e., a farm implement for the harvest of grain (Dt 16:9; 23:26[EB 25]+; also NIV text in 1Sa 13:20), note: for MT text in 1Sa, see 4739

3059 I. חָרָן (ḥā·rān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2771; TWOT 747—LN 93-place (loc.) Haran: city in N Mesopotamia (Ge 11:31, 32; 12:4, 5; 27:43; 28:10; 29:4; 2Ki 19:12; Isa 37:12; Eze 27:23+)

3060 II. חָרָן (ḥā·rān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2771; TWOT 747—LN 93-pers. (male) Haran: son of Caleb (1Ch 2:46+)

3061 חֹרֹנִי (ḥō·rō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2772;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Horonite: pertaining to the place Sanballat was from (Ne 2:10, 19; 13:28+)

חֹרֹנַיִם (ḥō·rō·nǎ·yim) BDB: see 2589

3062 חַרְנֶפֶר (ḥǎr·ně·p̄ěr): n.pr. [BDB: n.pr.loc.]; ≡ Str 2774;—LN 93-pers. (male) Harnepher: of Asher (1Ch 7:36+), note: oth interp as a place

3063 I. חֶרֶס (ḥě·rěs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2775; TWOT 748a, 759b—LN 23.142–23.184 skin rash, i.e., a skin eruption of some kind that itches (Dt 28:27+), note: some specifically suggest scabies

3064 II. חֶרֶס (ḥě·rěs): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2775; TWOT 759b—LN 1.28 sun (Jdg 14:18; Job 9:7+), see also 3066; note: for different text, see BHS ftn (2540)

3065 III. חֶרֶס (ḥě·rěs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2776;—LN 93-place (loc.) Heres: 1. a mount (Jdg 1:35+), see also 6561 2. a pass. E of the Jordan (Jdg 8:13+)

3066 חַרְסָה (ḥǎr·sā(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2775; TWOT 759b—LN 1.28 sun (Jdg 14:18+), see also 3064

3067 חַרְסוּת (ḥǎr·sûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2777; TWOT 759c—LN 6.118–6.151 potsherd, i.e., a shard of a broken earthenware vessel (Jer 19:2 K+), see Q 3068

3068 חַרְסִית (ḥǎr·sîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2777; TWOT 759c—LN 6.118–6.151 potsherd, i.e., a shard of a broken earthenware vessel (Jer 19:2 Q+), note: some give the meaning as a clay pit or “loam-pit” where clay was stored or processed for potters

חַרְסִית (ḥǎr·sîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2777; TWOT 759c—LN 93-place Potsherd Gate: an entrance area which was either a dumping place of broken earthenware or as a loam-pit area where the clay of a potter was processed (Jer 19:2+)

I. חרף (ḥrp): see 3069, . 3072

II. חרף (ḥrp): see 3070

III. חרף (ḥrp): see 3071

חרף (ḥrp)[4] Holladay, KB: see 3072

3069 I. חָרַף (ḥā·rǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2778; TWOT 749, 750, 751—LN 67.163–67.200 (qal impf. 3fs.) spend the time of winter (Isa 18:6+)

3070 II. חָרַף (ḥā·rǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2778; TWOT 749—LN 33.387–33.403 (qal) treat with contempt, insult, reproach, taunt, ridicule, defy, i.e., speak words which harm another, and speak evil of another (Job 27:6; Ps 69:10[EB 9]; 119:42; Pr 27:11+); (piel) ridicule, taunt, mock, insult (2Ki 19:4), note: for another interp in Ps 57:4[EB 3]+, see 3071

3071 III. חָרַף (ḥā·rǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2778; TWOT 749—LN 30.108–30.122 (piel) confuse, i.e., cause to not think properly, and so take a wrong course of action (Ps 57:4[EB 3]+), for another interp, see 3070

3072 IV. חָרַף (ḥā·rǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2778; TWOT 749—LN 34.66–34.78 (nif ptcp. fem.) be promised to a man, be engaged, i.e., the action of a woman designated to be a wife of a certain future husband (Lev 19:20+)

3073 חָרֵף (ḥā·rēp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2780;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hareph: of Caleb and Hur (1Ch 2:51+)

חָרִף (ḥā·rip̄) BDB: see 3040

3074 חֹרֶף (ḥō·rěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2779; TWOT 750a—1. LN 67.163–67.200 winter, i.e., the very beginning time of the growth and harvest cycle, a cooler time of the year, around the months of Nov/Dec in our calendar (Ge 8:22; Ps 74:17; Pr 20:4; Jer 36:22; Am 3:15; Zec 14:8+); 2. LN 67.156 prime of life, i.e., a time of one’s mature youth (Job 29:4+)

3075 חֶרְפָּה (ḥěr·pā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2781; TWOT 749a—1. LN 87.58–87.75 disgrace, contempt, i.e., the state of dishonor and low status (1Sa 11:2); 2. LN 33.387–33.403 scorn, insult, taunt, slur, i.e., the act. of speaking words which harm and insult another (Ps 69:10[EB 9]); 3. LN 87.58–87.75 a reproach, i.e., an object which has low status and dishonor (Ps 79:4[EB 3])

חָרִפוֹת (ḥā·ri·p̄ôṯ) Holladay: see 3041

3076 I. חָרַץ (ḥā·rǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 2782; TWOT 752—1. LN 33.323–33.332 (qal) determine, decree, i.e., speak about something with certainty as a result of a judgment, with a focus of a decision with authority and action (1Ki 20:40+), note: NIV translates “pronounce”; (qal pass.) be determined, be decreed (Job 14:5; Isa 10:22+); (nif) be decreed (Isa 10:23; 28:22; Da 9:26, 27; 11:36+); 2. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: (qal) חָרַץ כֶּלֶב לָשׁוֹן (ḥā·rǎṣ kě·lěḇ lā·šôn) a dog bark, formally, a dog’s tongue utters, i.e., a sound of a dog’sing. audible but non-verbal communication (Ex 11:7+); 3. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: (qal) חָרַץ אֵת לָשׁוֹן (ḥā·rǎṣ ʾēṯ lā·šôn) utter a word, formally, utter the tongue, i.e., speak words (Jos 10:21+)

3077 II. חָרַץ (ḥā·rǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 2782; TWOT 752—LN 68.79–68.82 (qal) move quickly, formally, act. with decision, i.e., act. with suddenness and rapidity, implying energy and focus (2Sa 5:24+), note: KB gives from a different root, “be eager for something, pay attention,” apparently with a similar meaning, but with a focus on thinking about, as contrasted to the conclusion of the decision making process

חָרִץ (ḥā·riṣ): see 3043, 3044

3078 חַרְצֹב (ḥǎr·ṣōḇ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 2784; TWOT 754a—1. LN 23.142–23.184 illness, sickness, with a focus on the torments, agonies, and pangs that can accompany an illness (Ps 73:4+); 2. LN 22.1–22.14 chains, bonds, i.e., what binds one as a figurative extension of oppression and torment (Isa 58:6+)

חַרְצֻבָּה (ḥǎr·ṣǔb·bā(h)) BDB: see 3078

חַרְצֻבּוֹת (ḥǎr·ṣǔb·bôṯ) Lisowsky: see 3078

3079 חַרְצָן (ḥǎr·ṣān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2785; TWOT 752d—LN 3.33–3.46 pl. grape seeds, grape stones, i.e., the kernel part in the grape fruit, an insignificant part of the fruit of the grape for consumption (Nu 6:4+), note: (KB, Holladay, Lisowsky) unripe, sour grapes; (NEB) shoot of a grape plant

חַרְצַנִּים (ḥǎr·ṣǎn·nîm) BDB: see 3079

חרק (ḥrq): see 3080

3080 חָרַק (ḥā·rǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2786; TWOT 755—LN 23.41 (qal) gnash, i.e., a grinding or grating action of the teeth, with several possible associative meanings: anger, scorn, or anguish (Job 16:9; Ps 35:16; 37:12; 112:10; La 2:16+), note: as a non-verbal communication, see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

I. חרר (ḥrr): see 3081

II. חרר (ḥrr): see 3082

3081 I. חָרַר (ḥā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2787; TWOT 756—1. LN 14.63–14.73 (qal) be burned up, i.e., have fire consume material (Isa 24:6+); (nif) be charred, be burned up (Ps 102:4[EB 3]; Eze 15:4, 5; 24:10+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) have fever, i.e., have an elevated skin temperature, as a sign of illness (Job 30:30+); 3. LN 14.63–14.73 (qal) become molten, be glowing, i.e., be burning very hot but not consumed (Eze 24:11+); 4. LN 79.78–79.83 (nif) be parched, be dry, formally, be burning, i.e., pertaining to not having any moisture (Ps 69:4[EB 3]+); 5. LN 68.1–68.10 (pilpel) causing, formally, kindle, i.e., cause an event to begin or start, as a figurative extension of causing a fire to burn (Pr 26:21+), note: for another interp in Isa 24:6, see 3014; Ps 69:4[EB 3], see 3082; Jer 6:29, see 5723 qal

3082 II. חָרַר (ḥā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2787; TWOT 756—LN 23.142–23.184 (nif) be hoarse, i.e., have a weakness in the volume of the voice due to illness or stress of voice box, not a lack of moisture in the mouth (Ps 69:4[EB 3]+), note: for another interp, see 3081 nif

חָרֵר (ḥā·rēr) BDB: see 3083

3083 חֲרֵרִים (ḥǎrē·rîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2788; TWOT 756a—LN 1.86–1.87 lifeless place in the desert, i.e., a burning hot place characterized in the Transjordan or Arabah as a place with a no water and a thin, hard lava and flint shell over the land, and so little vegetation (Jer 17:6+)

3084 חֶרֶשׂ (ḥě·rěś): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2789; TWOT 759a—1. LN 2.14–2.28 clay, i.e., a natural substance for making vessels (Lev 6:21[EB 28]); 2. LN 6.118–6.151 clay pot, earthenware, i.e., a vessel constructed of clay, and sun-hardened or fired, as a common container (Pr 26:23); 3. LN 6.118–6.151 potsherd, i.e., a fragment or shard of earthenware (Job 2:8; 41:22[EB 30])

3085 חֲרֶשֶׂת (ḥǎrě·śěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7025;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hareseth: part of a compound name, Kir Hareseth, see 7819

I. חרשׁ (ḥrš): see 3086

II. חרשׁ (ḥrš): see 3087

3086 I. חָרַשׁ (ḥā·rǎš): v.; ≡ Str 2790, 2794;—1. LN 6.215–6.225 (qal) engraving tool, formally, engraving, i.e., that implement made of metal used for scraping, cutting, plowing, etc. (Ge 4:22+); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 (qal pass.) be inscribed, engraved, i.e., be written (Jer 17:1+); 3. LN 30.56–30.74 (qal) plot, plan, devise, i.e., think about a course of action in some detail (Pr 3:29; 6:14, 18; 12:20; 14:22+); (hif) plot against (1Sa 23:9+); 4. LN 43 (qal) plow, i.e., cut a furrow into the earth as the first part of the planting process in farming (Dt 22:10; Jdg 14:18; 1Sa 8:12; 1Ki 19:19; Job 1:14; 4:8; Ps 129:3; 20:4; Isa 28:24; Hos 10:11, 13; Am 6:12; 9:13+); (nif) plowed (Jer 26:18; Mic 3:12+); 5. LN 45 (qal) craftsman, formally, engraver, i.e., pertaining to one who works and constructs with metals in construction (1Ki 7:14+)

3087 II. חָרֵשׁ (ḥā·rēš): v.; ≡ Str 2790; TWOT 760—1. LN 42.7–42.28 (qal) not take action, be still, formally, be silent, be quiet, become deaf, i.e., to not take an action in response to a request, as a figurative extension of not having the faculty of hearing, or not having the faculty of speech (Ps 28:1; 35:22; 39:13[EB 12]; 50:3; 83:2[EB 1]; 109:1; Mic 7:16+); (hif) not take action, be still (Ex 14:14); (hitp) make no moves (Jdg 16:2+); 2. LN 33.117–33.125 (hif) be silent, not say a word, hold the tongue, i.e., not use the faculty of speech (Ge 24:21)

3088 I. חֶרֶשׁ (ḥě·rěš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2796; TWOT 760a—LN 53.96–53.101 sorcery, magic art, i.e., pagan secret religious arts, the specifics are not known (Isa 3:3+), for another interp, see 3093

3089 II. חֶרֶשׁ (ḥě·rěš): adv. [BDB: n.[masc.] as adv.]; ≡ Str 2791; TWOT 761b, 763a—LN 28.68–28.83 secretly, i.e., pertaining to acting in a manner that results in something not being widely known (Jos 2:1+)

3090 III. חֶרֶשׁ (ḥě·rěš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2792;—LN 93-pers. (male) Heresh: of Levi (1Ch 9:15+)

3091 I. חֹרֶשׁ (ḥō·rěš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2793; TWOT 762a—LN 3.3 wooded place, forest, i.e., an extended wooded area that can have both larger trees, as well as underbrush and thicket (2Ch 27:4; Isa 17:9; Eze 31:3+), see also 3092

3092 II. חֹרֶשׁ (ḥō·rěš): n.pr. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 2793; TWOT 762a—LN 93-place (loc.) Horesh: place in the Desert of Ziph (1Sa 23:15, 16, 18, 19+), see also 3091

חֹרֵשׁ (ḥō·rēš): n.masc.—see 3086

3093 חָרָשׁ (ḥā·rāš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2796; TWOT 760a—1. LN 45 skilled craftsman, artisan, i.e., one who works at a high level in a trade or industry as a technical worker, some of which are gem cutter, blacksmith, carpenter, stonemason, idolmakers (Ex 28:11; 35:35; 1Sa 13:19; 2Sa 5:11; Isa 40:19, 20), note: in Isa 3:3+, for another interp, see 3088; 2. LN 45 unit: חָרָשׁ מַשְׁחִית (ḥā·rāš mǎš·ḥîṯ) idolmaker, formally, craftsman in destruction, i.e., ones who make idols (Eze 21:36[EB 31]+), note: for another interp, see next; 3. LN 20.31–20.60 unit: חָרָשׁ מַשְׁחִית (ḥā·rāš mǎš·ḥîṯ) destroyers, formally, craftsmen in destruction, i.e., ones very good at destroying and pillaging ((Eze 21:36[EB 31]+), note: context favors this meaning; note: for n.pr.loc. in Ne 11:35, see 1629

3094 חֵרֵשׁ (ḥē·rēš): adj.; ≡ Str 2795; TWOT 761a—LN 24.52–24.70 deaf, i.e., pertaining to not being able to hear (or possibly not able to speak), with the associative meaning of being of a low social status (Ex 4:11; Lev 19:14; Ps 38:14[EB 13]; 58:5[EB 4]; Isa 29:18; 35:5; 42:18, 19; 43:8+)

חֵרֵשׁ (ḥē·rēš): n.masc. [oth adj. of 3094]; ≡ Str 2795; TWOT 761a—LN 24.52–24.70 the deaf, i.e., a class of persons who cannot hear (possibly not able to speak), of low status (Isa 29:18; 42:18)

3095 חַרְשָׁא (ḥǎr·šā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2797;—LN 93-pers. (male) Harsha: ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:52; Ne 7:54+); also part of a compound name, Tel Harsha, see 9426

חֹרְשָׁה (ḥō·rešā(h)) Holladay: see 3092

3096 חֲרָשִׁים (ḥǎrā·šîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2798;—LN 93-place (loc.) Harashim: part of a compound name, Ge Harashim, see 1629

3097 חֲרֶשֶׁת (ḥǎrě·šěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7025;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hareseth: part of a compound name, Kir Hareseth, see 7819

3098 I. חֲרֹשֶׁת (ḥǎrō·šěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2799; TWOT 760b—LN 45 skillful craftsmanship, i.e., to manipulate by cutting and crafting wood or stone as a technical artisan worker (Ex 31:5; 35:33+)

3099 חֲרֹשֶׁת הַגּוֹיִם (ḥǎrō·šěṯ hǎg·gô·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1471, 2800;—LN 93-place (loc.) Harosheth Haggoyim: an unidentified site (Jdg 4:2, 13, 16+)

חרת (ḥrt): see 3100

3100 חָרַת (ḥā·rǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 2801; TWOT 764—LN 33.35–33.68 (qal pass. ptcp.) be engraved, i.e., be written as a communication on stone tablet (Ex 32:16+)

3101 חֶרֶת (ḥě·rěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2802;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hereth: forest (1Sa 22:5+)

חָשָׂה (ḥā·śā(h)): see 3120 (Isa 65:6+)

3102 חֲשׂוּפָא (ḥǎśû·p̄ā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2817;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hasupha: ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:43; Ne 7:46+)

3103 חֲשׂוּפַי (ḥǎśû·p̄ǎy): n.masc. [oth qal pass.ptcp. of 3106 either a.coll.sing.cs. or unique form pl.cs.]; ≡ Str 2834; TWOT 766—see 3106 (Isa 20:4+), note: see BHS ftn for repointing solution

חָשִׂיף (ḥā·śîp̄): see 3105

חשׂךְ (ḥśk): see 3104

3104 חָשַׂךְ (ḥā·śǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 2820; TWOT 765—1. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) keep back, to withhold, restrain, halt, i.e., stop an action from occurring (Ge 22:12); 2. LN 21.17–21.24 (qal) spare, i.e., cause to be free from danger (Ps 78:50); 3. LN 22.35–22.37 (qal) bring relief, i.e., have a favorable circumstance, and so not be in a state of trouble or pain (Job 16:5); (nif) relieved (Job 16:6; 21:30+), note: for NIV text in Eze 30:18, see 3124

3105 חָשִׂף (ḥā·śip̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2835; TWOT 766a—1. LN 4.28 small flock, i.e., a numerically small number of goats as a herd (1Ki 20:27+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 4.1–4.37 premature kid born, i.e., an immature goat born early in the gestation cycle, and so pathetic and weak (1Ki 20:27+), note: the “flocks” translation likely fits the context better, though this translation would heighten the contrast

חשׂף (ḥśp) Lisowsky: see 3106, 3107

חשׂף (ḥśp)[1] KB, Holladay: see 3106

חשׂף (ḥśp)[2] KB, Holladay: see 3107

3106 I. חָשַׂף (ḥā·śǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2834; TWOT 766—1. LN 49 (qal) strip bare, lay bare, i.e., not have clothing on a section, or all, of the body (Isa 52:10+); (qal pass.) be bared (Isa 20:4; Eze 4:7+); 2. LN 19.55 (qal) scoop out, draw out, i.e., digging motion to remove a mass or collection from a container (Isa 30:14; Hag 2:16+); 3. LN 15.187–15.211 (qal) lift up, i.e., pick up and move an object (Isa 47:2; Jer 13:26+); 4. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroy, formally, strip bare, i.e., utterly destroy an object as a figurative extension of taking off all clothing or bark from a tree (Ps 29:9; Jer 49:10+); 5. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) strip, i.e., tear off a covering off an object (Joel 1:7+), note: for another interp in Ps 29:9 see 3107; Isa 20:4, see 3103

3107 II. חָשַׂף (ḥā·śǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2834; TWOT 766—LN 23.46–23.60 (piel) bring to premature birth (Ps 29:9+), for another interp, see 3106

חֲשֻׂפָא (ḥǎśǔ·p̄ā(ʾ)): see 3102 (Ne 7:46)

חשׁב (ḥšb): see 3108

3108 חָשַׁב (ḥā·šǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2803; TWOT 767—1. LN 60.1–60.9 (qal) credit, account, reckon, impute, i.e., keep accounting records (Ge 15:6; Ps 32:2); (piel) determine value (Lev 25:27); (nif) accounted (2Ki 22:7); 2. LN 30.1–30.38 (qal) consider, i.e., pertaining to thought and thinking in a detailed, logical manner, considering various factors, which has some focus on the formulation of an opinion (Ge 38:15), see also domain LN 31.1–31.7; (piel) consider (Ps 73:16; 77:6[EB 5]; 119:59); (nif) considered, accounted, reckoned (Dt 2:11); (hitp) consider oneself (Nu 23:9+); 3. LN 30.56–30.74 (qal) plan, plot, purpose, devise, i.e., think about a course of action in some detail (1Sa 18:25); (piel) plan, plot (Pr 16:9; 24:8); 4. LN 68.1–68.10 (piel) be on the verge, begin, i.e., be on the beginning of a course of action, as a figurative extension of reckoning in a logical way (Jnh 1:4)

3109 חֵשֶׁב (ḥē·šěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2805; TWOT 767a—LN 6.152–6.187 waistband, girdle, i.e., a sash or band to attach clothing around the waist, as a functional, yet ornamental piece of clothing (Ex 28:8, 27, 28; 29:5; 39:5, 20, 21; Lev 8:7+)

3110 חֹשֵׁב (ḥō·šēḇ): n.[masc.] [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 2803; TWOT 767—1. LN 45 skilled craftsman, i.e., one who makes products by design and skill, with a possible focus on the knowledge and thinking skills to design a proper product (Ex 26:1, 31; 28:6, 15; 35:35; 36:8, 35; 38:23; 39:3, 8+), note: in context, a weaver; 2. LN 45 machinist, i.e., designer or technician making defensive siege machines (2Ch 26:15+)

3111 חַשְׁבַּדָּנָה (ḥǎš·bǎd·dā·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2806;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hashbaddanah: one with Ezra at a public reading (Ne 8:4+)

3112 חֲשֻׁבָה (ḥǎšǔ·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2807;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hashubah: of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:20+)

3113 I. חֶשְׁבּוֹן (ḥěš·bôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2808; TWOT 767b—LN 30.75–30.85 plan, accounting, i.e., a reckoning as a rational thinking in decision making (Ecc 7:25, 27; 9:10+), note: in these contexts, either from God’s cosmic plan “the grand scheme,” or other personal plans of a person

3114 II. חֶשְׁבּוֹן (ḥěš·bôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2809;—LN 93-place (loc.) Heshbon: town of the Moabites E of the Jordan, (Nu 21:25–34 passim; Jos 13:17; Jdg 11:26)

3115 חִשָּׁבוֹן (ḥiš·šā·ḇôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2810; TWOT 767c—1. LN 6.29–6.40 defensive siege machine, i.e., argues that these are not hurling devices but defensive structures on the towers and walls as screens to defend archers and stone throwers (2Ch 26:15+), note: oth as an offensive hurling machine, see WBC15:209; 2. LN 30.56–30.74 scheme, plot, i.e., a plan that is decided and thought out, implied to be an evil scheme (Ecc 7:29+)

3116 חֲשַׁבְיָה (ḥǎšǎḇ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2811;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hashabiah: 1. see 3117(1.) 2. another musician (1Ch 25:19+) 3. see 3117(2.) 4. officer of Levi (1Ch 27:17+) 5. see 3117(3.) 6. returnee from captivity(Ezr 8:19+) 7. ancestor of returnee from captivity (1Ch 6:45[EB 30]; 9:14; Ne 11:15+) 8. wall builder (Ne 3:17+) 9. signer of covenant (Ne 10:12[EB 11]+) 10. grandfather of a gatekeeper (Ne 11:22+) 11. priestly family head (Ne 12:21+) 12. another leader of the Levites (Ne 12:24+) 13. priest over treasury (Ezr 8:24+)

3117 חֲשַׁבְיָהוּ (ḥǎšǎḇ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2811;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hashabiahu (Hashabiah NIV): 1. ancestor of temple singer (1Ch 25:3+) 2. another officer of temple treasure (1Ch 26:30+) 3. official in the time of King Josiah (2Ch 35:9+), see also 3116

3118 חֲשַׁבְנָה (ḥǎšǎḇ·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2812;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hashabnah: signer of covenant (Ne 10:26[EB 25]+)

3119 חֲשַׁבְנְיָה (ḥǎšǎḇ·neyā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2813;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hashabneiah: 1. father of wall builder (Ne 3:10+) 2. Levite leader of worship (Ne 9:5+)

חשׁה (ḥšh): see 3120

3120 חָשָׁה (ḥā·šā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2814; TWOT 768—1. LN 14.17–14.35 (qal) be calm, hushed, i.e., the state of a mass of water after a storm (Ps 107:29+); 2. LN 33.117–33.125 (qal) be silent, i.e., not speak (Ecc 3:7; Isa 62:6+); (hif) keep/cause silence (2Ki 2:3, 5; 7:9; Ne 8:11; Ps 39:3[EB 2]; Isa 42:14+); 3. LN 42.7–42.28 (qal) not take action, be still, formally, be silent, i.e., not take an action, usually to a response, as a figurative extension of being still or quiet (Ps 28:1; Isa 62:1; 64:11[EB 12]; 65:6 v.r.+); (hif) do nothing (Jdg 18:9; 1Ki 22:3; Isa 57:11+)

3121 חַשּׁוּב (ḥǎš·šûḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2815;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hasshub: 1. a wall builder (Ne 3:11+) 2. another wall builder (Ne 3:23+) 3. signer of covenant (Ne 10:24[EB 23]+) 4. father of returnee from captivity (1Ch 9:14; Ne 11:15+)

3122 חָשׁוּק (ḥā·šûq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2838; TWOT 773b—LN 18.12–18.23 band, connector, i.e., a kind of ring-joint for binding or fastening one thing to another (Ex 27:10, 11; 36:38; 38:10, 11, 12, 17, 19+)

חֲשׁוּקִים (ḥǎšû·qîm) Lisowsky: see 3122 ( Ex 38:12, 17+)

חֲשֵׁיכָה (ḥǎšê·ḵā(h)): see 3128 (Ps 139:12+)

3123 חֻשִׁים (ḥǔ·šîm): n.pr. [Holladay: gent.?]; ≡ Str 2366;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hushim: son of Dan (Ge 46:23+), note: probably same as 8761; note: 1Ch 8:11, see 2594

חשׁךְ (ḥšk): see 3124

3124 חָשַׁךְ (ḥā·šǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 2821; TWOT 769—1. LN 14.53–14.62 (qal) be dark, i.e., be in a state of little or no light, with an associative meaning of gloom or depressed feelings (Job 3:9; 18:6; Ecc 12:2, 3; Isa 5:30; 13:10+), note: for NIV text in Eze 30:18, see 3124; (hif) darken (Ps 105:28; 139:12; Jer 13:16; Am 5:8; 8:9+); 2. LN 79.26–79.38 (qal) be black, i.e., be the color black, as an extension of darkness as the absence of light (Ex 10:15; La 4:8+); 3. LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) not see, formally, be darkened, i.e., be in a state of blindness as an extension of having a lack of light for perception (Ps 69:24[EB 23]; La 5:17+); 4. LN 32.19–32.23 (hif) obscure, i.e., make something hard to understand, as an extension of causing a lack of light (Job 38:2+)

3125 חֹשֶׁךְ (ḥō·šěḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2822; TWOT 769a—1. LN 14.53–14.62 darkness, the dark, i.e., the lack of light in a space (Ge 1:4; Ex 10:21), note: there are many associative meanings to “darkness,” including terror, ignorance, sadness, confusion, evil; 2. LN 79.26–79.38 blackness, i.e., the color of an object (Dt 4:11); 3. LN 28.68–28.83 unit: אוֹצָר חֹשֶׁךְ (ʾô·ṣār ḥō·šěḵ) valuable secrets, formally, treasures of darkness (Isa 45:3); 4. LN 22.1–22.14 unit: יוֹם חֹשֶׁךְ (yôm ḥō·šěḵ) time of distress, formally, day of darkness (Job 15:23)

3126 חָשֹׁךְ (ḥā·šōḵ): n.masc. [BDB: adj. as subst.]; ≡ Str 2823; TWOT 769b—LN 87.58–87.75 obscure person, unknown, i.e., pertaining to one of a low social status (Pr 22:29+)

3127 חָשְׁכָה (ḥāš·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2821; TWOT 769—LN 33.117–33.125 darkness, the dark, i.e., the lack of light as a figurative extension of silence or lack of answer from God (Mic 3:6+), note: BDB parses as qal pf. of 3124

3128 חֲשֵׁכָה (ḥǎšē·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2824, 2825; TWOT 769c—LN 14.53–14.62 darkness, the dark, i.e., the lack of light, with the associative meanings of distress or mystery (Ge 15:12; Ps 18:12[EB 11]; 82:5; 139:12; Isa 8:22; 50:10+), note: for MT text reading in 2Sa 22:12, see 3142

חשׁל (ḥšl): see 3129

3129 חָשַׁל (ḥā·šǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2826; TWOT 770—LN 15.18–15.26 (nif ptcp.) lag behind, be worn out, i.e., be a straggler in a walking pace, and so be separated behind another main group though maintaining a linear motion (Dt 25:18+)

3130 חָשֻׁם (ḥā·šǔm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2828;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hashum: 1. ancestor of returnees (Ezr 2:19; 10:33; Ne 7:22+) 2. one with Ezra at public reading (Ne 8:4+) 3. signer of covenant (Ne 10:19[EB 18]+)

חֻשָׁם (ḥǔ·šām): see 2595 (Ge 36:34, 35)

3131 חֻשִׁם (ḥǔ·šim): n.pr. [BDB: n.pr.masc.]; ≡ Str 2366;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Hushite: clan of Benjamin through Aher (1Ch 7:12+)

3132 חֶשְׁמוֹן (ḥěš·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2829;—LN 93-place (loc.) Heshmon: town of Judah (Jos 15:27+)

3133 חַשְׁמַל (ḥǎš·mǎl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2830; TWOT 770.1—LN 2.29–2.48 shining substance: (KJV, NKJV, NRSV, NJB, Tanakh) amber stone or (NAB) electrum (gold/silver alloy): several others have been suggested; a bluish stone, or gold, or bronze, or some kind of in-lay work (Eze 1:4, 27; 8:2+), note: WBC28:26 translates “amber;” (RSV) glowing bronze; (NEB) glowing brass (most versions) glowing metal

3134 חַשְׁמַן (ḥǎš·mǎn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2831; TWOT 771—1. LN 37.48–37.95 (pl.) dignitary, ambassador, i.e., one of high social class as a visitor to another country (Ps 68:32[EB 31]+), note: KJV, ASV, “princes;” NJB, NAB, “noble;” NIV, NASB, NKJV, REB, “envoy;” NEB, Tanakh, “tribute-bearer;” note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 2.49–2.62 (RSV, NRSV) bronze, i.e., a precious metal alloy (Ps 68:32[EB 31]+), note: context favors this meaning as a person, not a metal, see prior entry

3135 חַשְׁמֹנָה (ḥǎš·mō·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2832;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hashmonah: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:29, 30+)

חַשְׁמַנִּים (ḥǎš·mǎn·nîm) Lisowsky: see 3134

3136 חֹשֶׁן (ḥō·šěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2833; TWOT 772a—LN 6.188–6.196 breastpiece, breast-plate, i.e., an ornamental chest covering worn by the priest, holding the Urim and Thummim (Ex 25:7; 28:4–30 passim; 29:5; 35:9–21 passim; Lev 8:8+)

חשׁק (ḥšq): see 3137, 3138

3137 I. חָשַׁק (ḥā·šǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2836; TWOT 773—LN 25.12–25.32 (qal) desire, love, set one’s affection, formally, be attached to, i.e., have a strong feeling for an object, as a figurative extension of the joining or fastening of two objects together (Ge 34:8; Dt 7:7; 10:15; 21:11; 1Ki 9:19; 2Ch 8:6; Ps 91:14; Isa 38:17+)

3138 II. חָשַׁק (ḥā·šǎq): v.; ≡ Str 2836; TWOT 773—LN 18.12–18.23 (piel pf.) make bands, i.e., make joints for binding (Ex 38:28+); (pual ptcp.) have bands for binding, i.e., be joined together (Ex 27:17; 38:17+)

3139 חֵשֶׁק (ḥē·šěq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2837; TWOT 773a—1. LN 25.1–25.11 thing desired, i.e., a thing longed for that implies planning (1Ki 9:1, 19; 2Ch 8:6+); 2. LN 25.59–25.64 desire, i.e., a longing for that implies a hope or eager expectation (Isa 21:4+)

3140 חִשֻּׁק (ḥiš·šǔq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2839; TWOT 773d—LN 6.52–6.53 wheel-spoke, i.e., a part of a wheel assembly connecting a hub to the outer rim, necessary for strength of the wheel (1Ki 7:33+)

חֲשֻׁקִים (ḥǎšǔ·qîm): see 3122

חִשֻּׁקִים (ḥiš·šǔ·qîm): see 3140

3141 חִשֻּׁר (ḥiš·šǔr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2840; TWOT 774b—LN 6.52–6.53 hub of a wheel, i.e., the center part of a wheel assembly in which the spokes go into (1Ki 7:33+)

3142 חַשְׁרָה (ḥǎš·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2841; TWOT 774a—LN 14.10–14.14 collection, mass, i.e., a very dense gathering of rain clouds (2Sa 22:12+), note: for NIV text in 2Sa 22:12, see 3128, note: WBC11:258, KB3, Holladay, translates as a “sieve” or “strainer” of waters, which does not make sense to this editor as a parallel to חֹשֶׁךְ (ḥō·šěḵ)

חֲשָׁרָה (ḥǎšā·rā(h)) Lisowsky: see 3142

חִשֻּׁרִים (ḥiš·šǔ·rîm) Lisowsky: see 3141

3143 חֲשַׁשׁ (ḥǎšǎš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2842; TWOT 775a—LN 3.47–3.59 dry grass, i.e., foliage that is burnable and of relatively little value as the non-fruit part of a plant (Isa 5:24; 33:11+), note: some translate “chaff” as the non-fruit part or husks of a grain stalk

3144 חֻשָׁתִי (ḥǔ·šā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2843;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Hushathite: pertaining to the place of Hushah (2Sa 21:18; 23:27; 1Ch 11:29; 20:4; 27:11+), possibly see also 2592, or another unknown place

3145 I. חַת (ḥǎṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2844; TWOT 784a—LN 25.251–25.269 fear, terror, i.e., a state of great dread and alarm (Ge 9:2; Job 41:25[EB 33]+)

3146 II. חַת (ḥǎṯ): adj.; ≡ Str 2844; TWOT 784a—1. LN 25.251–25.269 terrified, i.e., pertaining to being filled with fear or dread (Jer 46:5+); 2. LN 65.30–65.39 broken, i.e., pertaining to no longer being usable for the function a thing was designed for (1Sa 2:4+), see also domain LN 19.34–19.42

3147 חֵת (ḥēṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2845; TWOT 776—LN 93-pers. (male) Heth: of Noah, Ham, and Canaan, i.e., the sons of Heth, the Hittite people (Ge 10:15; 23:3–20 passim; 25:10; 27:46; 49:32; 1Ch 1:13+), see also 3153

3148 חָתָא (ḥā·ṯā(ʾ)): v.—see 9393 (nif) be destroyed (Hab 3:6–7 cj+), note: Ps 52:7[EB 5] cj+, see 3149

חתה (ḥth)[1] KB, Lisowsky: see 3148

חתה (ḥth)[2] KB, Lisowsky: see 3149

3149 חָתָה (ḥā·ṯā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2846; TWOT 777—1. LN 15.187–15.211 (qal) take away, i.e., grasp and carry away as a single motion (Ps 52:7[EB 5]+), note: for cj see 3148; see also domain LN 18.1–18.11; 2. LN 15.187–15.211 (qal) scoop, heap up, i.e., rake fire into a heap and put in another place (Pr 6:27; 25:22; Isa 30:14+); 3. LN 25.199 unit: גַּחַל אַתָּה חָתָה עַל רֹאשׁ (gǎ·ḥǎl ʾǎt·tā(h) ḥā·ṯā(h) ʿǎl rō(ʾ)š)1 caused to be ashamed, formally, scoop burning coals on the head, i.e., a figurative extension of a pain of contrition, or the overcoming of enmity, as an ironic form of righteous “torture.” (Pr 25:22+)

3150 חִתָּה (ḥit·tā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2847; TWOT 784d—LN 25.251–25.269 terror, fear, i.e., an alarm that immobilizes one to action (Ge 35:5+)

3151 חִתּוּל (ḥit·tûl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2848; TWOT 779b—LN 6.14–6.22 splint, i.e., a stiff device to hold and strengthen a broken limb, which is an instrument for binding (Eze 30:21+)

3152 חַתְחַת (ḥǎṯ·ḥǎṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2849; TWOT 784e—LN 21.1–21.5 (pl.) danger, risks, i.e., that which makes one afraid (Ecc 12:5+), see also domain LN 25.251–25.269

חַתְחַתִּים (ḥǎṯ·ḥǎt·tîm): see 3152

3153 חִתִּי (ḥit·tî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2850; TWOT 776a—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Hittite: pertaining to Heth (Ge 15:20; Ex 3:8; Nu 13:29; Dt 7:1), see also 3147

3154 חִתִּית (ḥit·tîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2851; TWOT 784f—LN 25.251–25.269 terror, i.e., extreme fear and alarm, as a state of great distress (Eze 26:17; 32:23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 30, 32+)

חתךְ (ḥtk): see 3155

3155 חָתַךְ (ḥā·ṯǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 2852; TWOT 778—LN 30.56–30.74 (nif pf.) be decreed, determined, ordained, i.e., pertaining to a plan which will occur (Da 9:24+)

חתל (ḥtl): see 3156

3156 חָתַל (ḥā·ṯǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2853; TWOT 779—LN 49 (pual pf.) be wrapped in strips of cloth, i.e., be swaddled, as an activity using cloth to care for a baby (Eze 16:4b+) (hof inf. abs.) (Eze 16:4a+)

3157 חֲתֻלָּה (ḥǎṯǔl·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2854; TWOT 779a—LN 80.5–80.7 swaddling-band, i.e., a band of cloth for wrapping, as a figurative extension for something that limits a seemingly boundless area (the sea) (Job 38:9+), see also domain LN 6.152–6.187

3158 חֶתְלוֹן (ḥěṯ·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2855;—LN 93-place (loc.) Hethlon: place in Syria, northern boundary of Israel (Eze 47:15; 48:1+)

חֶתְלֹן (ḥěṯ·lōn) BDB: see 3158

חתם (ḥtm): see 3159

3159 חָתַם (ḥā·ṯǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2856; TWOT 780—1. LN 33.35–33.68 (qal) seal, i.e., sign a document with a personal seal or signature stamp (1Ki 21:8; Est 8:8a; Jer 32:10, 44+); (qal pass.) be sealed (Ne 10:1[EB 9:38],2[EB 1]+); 2. LN 6.54–6.67 (qal) seal up, i.e., use a seal to close up or make secure (Est 8:10; Isa 8:16; Da 9:24; 12:4+); (qal pass.) (Dt 32:34; Isa 29:11; Jer 32:11, 14; Da 12:9+); (nif) (Est 3:12; 8:8b+); 3. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) stop, hinder, i.e., stop an event as a figurative extension of sealing up or off a document (Job 9:7; 37:7+); (qal pass.) (Job 14:17; SS 4:12+); (piel) shut in (Job 24:16+); (hif) block (Lev 15:3+), note: for MT text in Job 33:16, see 3169; 4. LN 58.58–58.62 (qal) be a model, i.e., be a pattern or representation of an object, event, or entity, as a figurative extension of imprinting a seal (which of course is a consistent template) (Eze 28:12+)

חֹתָם (ḥō·ṯām) BDB: see 2597

3160 חֹתֶמֶת (ḥō·ṯě·měṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2858; TWOT 780b—LN 6.54–6.67 signet cylinder seal, i.e., a device to imprint a personal seal as a signature, either a cylinder on a neck-cord or possibly as a ring (Ge 38:25+)

חתן (ḥtn): see 3161

3161 חָתַן (ḥā·ṯǎn): v.; ≡ Str 2859; TWOT 781b—1. LN 10.53–10.61 (hitp) become a son-in-law, and so become the father’s wife’sing. husband (1Sa 18:21, 22, 23, 26, 27); 2. LN 10.53–10.61 intermarry, i.e., become a son-in-law and so obtain a contract of affinity by marriage, with a focus on the alliance gained (Ge 34:9; Dt 7:3; Jos 23:12; 1Ki 3:1; 2Ch 18:1; Ezr 9:14+)

3162 חֹתֵן (ḥō·ṯēn): n.masc. [KB, Holladay: qal act.ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 2859; TWOT 781b—LN 10.58 father-in-law, he who has a son-in-law, i.e., the husband’s wife’sing. father, i.e., he who has a son-in-law (Ex 3:1; 4:18; 18:1–27 passim; Nu 10:29; Jdg 1:16; 4:11; 19:4, 7, 9+), see also 3165; note: some may repoint text in Jdg 4:11 to 3163, see BHS ftn

3163 חָתָן (ḥā·ṯān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2860; TWOT 781c—1. LN 10.53–10.61 son-in-law, i.e., the father of the wife of the groom (1Sa 18:18); 2. LN 10.56 bridegroom, a father’s daughter’sing. husband, i.e., the man of a relationship, about to be married to a woman, the same as a son-in-law with a focus on and around the wedding time (Isa 61:10); 3. LN 10.53–10.61 relative-in-law, relative by marriage, in a sense far broader than strictly a son-in-law (2Ki 8:27+)

3164 חֲתֻנָּה (ḥǎṯǔn·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2861; TWOT 781d—LN 34.66–34.78 wedding, marriage-alliance, i.e., the act. or state of a man and a woman entering into a marriage relation (SS 3:11+)

3165 חֹתֶנֶת (ḥō·ṯě·něṯ): n.fem. [KB, Holladay: qal act.ptcp.fem.]; ≡ Str 2859; TWOT 781b—LN 10.59 mother-in-law, she who has a son-in-law, i.e., the husband’s wife’sing. mother (Dt 27:23+), see also 3162

חתף (ḥtp): see 3166

3166 חָתַף (ḥā·ṯǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2862; TWOT 782—LN 57.232–57.248 (qal) snatch away, seize, i.e., grab something and take it away as a thief or robber (Job 9:12+)

3167 חֶתֶף (ḥě·ṯěp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2863; TWOT 782a—LN 57.232–57.248 (most versions) bandit, robber, i.e., one who steals (Pr 23:28+), note: KJV, BDB, Tanakh translates objectively as “prey,” but the sentence reads better subjectively as “bandit.”

חתר (ḥtr): see 3168

3168 חָתַר (ḥā·ṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2864; TWOT 783—1. LN 19.55 (qal) dig through, i.e., make a horizontal digging movement (Job 24:16; Eze 8:8; 12:5, 7, 12+), note: in context, always through a wall; 2. LN 19.55 (qal) dig down, i.e., make a vertical digging motion (Am 9:2+); 3. LN 15.247 (qal) row, i.e., oaring, linear motion through water (Jnh 1:13+)

חתת (ḥtt): see 3169

3169 חָתַת (ḥā·ṯǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 2865; TWOT 784—1. LN 25.288–25.296 (qal) be dismayed, i.e., have a feeling of discouragement, implying fear and terror, and/or panic and confusion, as an extension of the shattering of an object (2Ki 19:26); (nif) be discouraged (Dt 1:21); (piel) frighten (Job 7:14), note: some translate “discourage”; (hif) dread (Job 31:34), note: for NIV text in Job 33:16, see 3159; 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) be destroyed, formally, shattered, i.e., be in a ruined state as an extension of the shattering of an object (Isa 8:9); (nif) destroyed (1Sa 2:10); (hif) shatter (Isa 9:3[EB 4]); 3. LN 79.78–79.83 (qal) be cracked, i.e., be in a very dry condition, due to the shriveling of an object due to lack of moisture (Jer 14:4); 4. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) fail, formally, shatter, i.e., have a state begin to cease as a figurative extension of the shattering of an object (Isa 51:6); 5. LN 25.206–25.222 (qal) be in awe, formally, terror, i.e., be in a state of astonishment, a positive wonder contrasted with terror (Mal 2:5); 6. LN 19.34–19.42 (piel) break, i.e., have an object divide into two or more parts by force (Jer 51:56)

3170 I. חֲתַת (ḥǎṯǎṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2866; TWOT 784c—LN 25.251–25.269 something dreadful, a horrible thing, i.e., something that causes terror (Job 6:21+)

3171 II. חֲתַת (ḥǎṯǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2867;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hathath: of Judah and David (1Ch 4:13+)

ט

3172 ט (ṭ): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

טאטא (ṭʾṭʾ): see 3173

3173 טֵאטֵא (ṭē(ʾ)·ṭē(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 2894; TWOT 785—LN 20.31–20.60 (pilpel pf.) sweep away, i.e., an action with a broom to remove dirt or unwanted material on a floor as a cleaning action, as a figurative extension of destruction (Isa 14:23+), see also domain LN 46; note: lexical form has four radicals

3174 טָבְאַל (ṭāḇ·ʾǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2870;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tabeal (NIV Tabeel): father of one suggested to be king (Isa 7:6+)

3175 טָבְאֵל (ṭāḇ·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2870;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tabeel: officer of King Artaxerxes (Ezr 4:7+)

3176 טָבַב (ṭā·ḇǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2896; TWOT 793a—see 3202 (qal inf.) (Ps 39:3[EB 2]+)

3177 טִבָּה (ṭib·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2896; TWOT 793a—LN 33.404–33.405 rumor, i.e., the act. of providing harmful information, in either oral or written form (Ne 6:19 cj+), note: for MT text, see 3209

טְבוּל (ṭeḇûl): see 3178

3178 טְבוּלִים (ṭeḇû·lîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2871; TWOT 788a—LN 6.152–6.187 turban, i.e., ornamental headwear that consists of cloth that is wrapped around the head, or possibly a cap and wrap-around sash (Eze 23:15+)

3179 טַבּוּר (ṭǎb·bûr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2872; TWOT 790a—LN 83.9–83.17 center, formally, navel, i.e., the middle-most part of an area as the center of a space, implying an area rich and prosperous (Jdg 9:37; Eze 38:12+), note: likely a reference to the central mountainous part of Israel around Jerusalem

טבח (ṭbḥ): see 3180

3180 טָבַח (ṭā·ḇǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 2873; TWOT 786—LN 20.61–20.88 (qal) slaughter, butcher, slay, i.e., kill a living thing, implying no contest in the act. (Ge 43:16; Ex 21:37[EB 22:1]; 1Sa 25:11; Ps 37:14; Pr 9:2; Jer 11:19; 25:34; 51:40; La 2:21; Eze 21:15[EB 10]+); (qal pass.) slaughtered (Dt 28:31+), note: for Eze 21:20[EB 15], see 18

3181 I. טֶבַח (ṭě·ḇǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2874; TWOT 786a—1. LN 20.61–20.88 slaughtering, i.e., the act. of killing, implying little struggle from the thing being slaughtered (Pr 7:22; Isa 34:2, 6; 53:7; 65:12; Jer 48:15; 50:27; Eze 21:15[EB 10],20[EB 15],33[EB 28]+); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 object to be slaughtered, i.e., a thing that is killed, with a focus on the meat or carcass (Ge 43:16; Pr 9:2+)

3182 II. טֶבַח (ṭě·ḇǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2875;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tebah: son of Nahor-Reumah (Ge 22:24+)

3183 III. טֶבַח (ṭě·ḇǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2874; TWOT 786a—LN 93-place (loc.) Tebah: Syrian town (2Sa 8:8+), see also 3187, note: for MT text in 2Sa 8:8, see 1056

3184 טַבָּח (ṭǎb·bāḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2876; TWOT 786c—1. LN 46 cook, i.e., one who butchers and cooks meat for consumption, apparently as a special role or function (1Sa 9:23, 24+); 2. LN 55.14–55.22 imperial guard, palace guard, i.e., an elite group of guardians of the king, so a military group, though its officers may also have civic roles (Ge 37:36; 39:1; 40:3, 4; 41:10, 12; 2Ki 25:8–20 passim; Jer 39:9, 10, 11, 13; 40:1, 2, 5; 41:10; 43:6; 52:12–30 passim+), see also domain LN 37.48–37.95

3185 טַבָּחָה (ṭǎb·bā·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2879; TWOT 786d—LN 46 cook, i.e., one who butchers and cooks meat for consumption, apparently as an menial occupation (1Sa 8:13+)

3186 טִבְחָה (ṭiḇ·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2878; TWOT 786b—1. LN 20.61–20.88 slaughtering, butchering, i.e., the act. of killing with a focus on the lack of struggle by the one being killed (Ps 44:23[EB 22]; Jer 12:3+), note: MT text at Eze 21:20[EB 15], see 18; 2. LN 5.1–5.22 object butchered, i.e., what has been slaughtered, with a focus on the meat (1Sa 25:11+)

3187 טִבְחַת (ṭiḇ·ḥǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2880;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tibhath (Tebah NIV): city in Syria (1Ch 18:8+), see also 3183; note: as a cj, 18

טבל (ṭbl): see 3188

3188 טָבַל (ṭā·ḇǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2881; TWOT 787, 788—LN 47.8–47.13 (qal) dip, plunge, soak, bathe, i.e., place a solid object into a liquid mass, with a result that some of the mass attaches to the solid object, usually for a particular use or purpose (Ge 37:31; Ex 12:22; Lev 4:6, 17; 9:9; 14:6, 16, 51; Nu 19:18; Dt 33:24; Ru 2:14; 1Sa 14:27; 2Ki 5:14; 8:15; Job 9:31+); (nif) be dipped (Jos 3:15+)

3189 טְבַלְיָהוּ (ṭeḇǎl·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2882;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tabaliahu (Tabaliah NIV): temple gatekeeper in David’s day (1Ch 26:11+)

טבע (ṭbʿ): see 3190

3190 טָבַע (ṭā·ḇǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 2883; TWOT 789—1. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal) strike deep, i.e., make an impact by hitting, creating a depression in the object (1Sa 17:49+); 2. LN 15.107–15.117 (qal) fall, sink, i.e., make linear movement from a higher to a lower elevation (Ps 9:16[EB 15]; 69:3[EB 2],15[EB 14]; Jer 38:6; La 2:9+); (hof) be sunk, (Jer 38:22+); 3. LN 23.88–23.128 (pual) drowned, i.e., be choked to death with water, as an extension of sinking into a mass (Ex 15:4+); 4. LN 45 (hof) be set, be established, i.e., place a foundation firmly in place as an extension of the meaning of sinking an object deep (like pilings) into a mass of dirt or liquid (Job 38:6; Pr 8:25+)

3191 טַבָּעוֹת (ṭǎb·bā·ʿôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2884;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tabbaoth: ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:43; Ne 7:46+)

3192 טַבַּעַת (ṭǎb·bǎ·ʿǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2885; TWOT 789a—1. LN 6.14–6.22 ring, i.e., a round, closed implement for fastening a variety of things (Ex 25:12–39:21 passim+); 2. LN 6.54–6.67 signet ring, seal-ring, i.e., a personalized ring as identification as well as a symbol of power (Ge 41:42; Est 3:10, 12; 8:2, 8,10+); 3. LN 6.188–6.196 ornamental ring, i.e., a finger ring (Nu 31:50; Isa 3:21+), note: oth as “signet ring.”

טַבְרִמּוֹן (ṭǎḇ·rim·môn) BDB: see 3193

3193 טַבְרִמֹּן (ṭǎḇ·rim·mōn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2886;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tabrimmon: father of Ben-Hadad I (1Ki 15:18+)

3194 טֵבֵת (ṭē·ḇēṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2887; TWOT 791—LN 67.163–67.200 (month of calendar) Tebeth: the 10th month of the Babylonian calendar, now known as December-January (Est 2:16+)

3195 טַבָּת (ṭǎb·bāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2888;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tabbath: place, possibly E of Jordan (Jdg 7:22+)

3196 טָהוֹר (ṭā·hôr): adj.; ≡ Str 2889, 2890; TWOT 792b—1. LN 53.28–53.32 clean, pure, i.e., pertaining to being ceremonially or ritually clean (Lev 11:36; 1Sa 20:26); 2. LN 79.97–79.99 pure, i.e., pertaining to the feature of an object virtually not having foreign particles or impurities (Ex 25:11), note: it is not clear if this metal is alloyed or not, though it clearly is free from all impurities; 3. LN 88.36–88.38 flawless, perfect, i.e., without defect of any kind and so free from moral impurity (Ps 12:7[EB 6]; Hab 1:13); 4. LN 79.48–79.56 clean, i.e., pertaining to not having dirt on an object (Zec 3:5)

טָהֹר (ṭā·hōr): see 3196

טהר (ṭhr): see 3197

3197 טָהֵר (ṭā·hēr): v.; ≡ Str 2891; TWOT 792—1. LN 53.28–53.32 (qal) be clean, i.e., be ritually purified (Lev 11:32); (piel) cleanse, purify, i.e., cause ritual purity, often with an official pronouncement of the new state (Lev 13:6); (pual) (1Sa 20:26 cj+); (hitp) cleanse oneself, purify oneself (Lev 14:4), note: NIV in Eze 22:24 amends text to 4763; 2. LN 13.48–13.68 (qal) be restored, renewed, i.e., be in a state virtually similar to another prior state, as a figurative extension of the cleaning of an object and so being like new (2Ki 5:14); 3. LN 88.24–88.35 (qal) be pure, i.e., be morally pure as an extension of being ritually pure, and having no moral faults (Job 4:17; Pr 20:9); (piel) make pure, cleanse (Ps 51:4[EB 2]); 4. LN 20.31–20.60 (piel) destroy, formally, purge, cleanse, i.e., destroy a morally or ritually impure artifact, implying a new state of consecration (2Ch 34:3)

3198 טֹהַר (ṭō·hǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2892; TWOT 792a—1. LN 14.36–14.52 brightness, i.e., a clarity of a color, in context a sky blue color (Ex 24:10+); 2. LN 53.28–53.32 purifying, i.e., ceremonial cleanness through ritual cleansing and sacrifice and the waiting a specific period of time (Lev 12:4, 6+)

3199 טְהָר (ṭehār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2892; TWOT 792a—LN 87.19–87.57 splendor, majesty, i.e., a ruler’s glory, so having high status (Ps 89:45[EB 44]+)

טֳהָר (ṭǒhār) BDB: see 3199

3200 טָהֳרָה (ṭā·hǒrā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2893; TWOT 792c—1. LN 53.28–53.32 cleansing, purification, i.e., ritual or ceremonial cleansing often including a time period (Lev 12:4, 5; 14:2, 23, 32; 15:13; Nu 6:9; 1Ch 23:28; 2Ch 30:19; Ne 12:45; Eze 44:26+); 2. LN 33.189–33.217 pronouncement of ceremonial cleansing, i.e., to speak words that make one ritually pure (Lev 13:7, 35+)

טוב (ṭwb): see 3201

3201 I. טוֹב (ṭôḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2896; TWOT 793a—1. LN 65.20–65.29 (qal) be good, be better, i.e., be in a state of having proper characteristics or performing an expected function (Jdg 11:25); (hif) do well, do good (1Ki 8:18); 2. LN 22.42–22.47 (qal) be prosperous, formally, be good, i.e., have favorable circumstance and lack of trouble in life, implying the accumulation of many possessions (Dt 5:33[MT 30]); (hif) make prosper (Eze 36:11+); 3. LN 79.9–79.17 (qal) be beautiful, i.e., have a good, lovely appearance (Nu 24:5); 4. LN 25.116–25.134 (qal) feel good, i.e., have a mental feeling of well-being (1Sa 16:16); 5. LN 24.102–24.115 unit: טוֹב בְּ־ עַיִן (ṭôḇ b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be pleased, formally, be good in the eyes, i.e., have a fondness and pleasure in an event or person (Nu 24:1)

3202 II. טוֹב (ṭôḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 2896; TWOT 793a—1. LN 88.1–88.11 good, i.e., pertaining to the moral opposite of evil (2Ch 30:18); 2. LN 65.20–65.29 good, i.e., pertaining to having good value (Ge 1:4); 3. LN 57.71–57.124 generous, formally, good, i.e., pertaining to giving much in relation to one’s possessions (Pr 22:9); 4. LN 25.116–25.134 festive, i.e., pertaining to a joyful time or feeling (1Sa 25:8); 5. LN 79.9–79.17 beautiful, i.e., pertaining to being pleasant to the eye (Ge 6:2; 2Sa 11:2), note: for another interp, of 2Ki 20:13; Isa 39:2; Jer 6:20; SS 7:10[EB 9] see 3203; see also 3208; 6. LN 25.102–25.115 pleasing, i.e., pertaining to a feeling of fondness and enjoyment (1Sa 29:9); note: further study may yield more domains

3203 III. טוֹב (ṭôḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 2897;—LN 6.205–6.212 perfumed, spiced, i.e., pertaining to fragrant herbs and materials (2Ki 20:13; Isa 39:2; Jer 6:20; SS 7:10[EB 9], note: some place these verses under 3202)

3204 IV. טוֹב (ṭôḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2897;—LN 93-place Tob: 1. (loc.) a town in the Transjordan (2Sa 10:6, 8+) 2. (terr) an area in the Transjordan, related to 1 (Jdg 11:3, 5+); also, a part of a compound name, Tob-Adonijah, see 3207

3205 V. טוֹב (ṭôḇ): n.masc.—see 3202 see BDB 375 for the 134 occurrences

3206 טוּב (ṭûḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2898; TWOT 793b—1. LN 65.20–65.29 good thing, i.e., something which has good, attractive, or beneficial qualities (Ge 24:10), note: this can refer to produce, fine wares, etc.; 2. LN 88.1–88.11 goodness, i.e., the state of moral goodness with absolutely no evil (Ex 33:19); 3. LN 59.48–59.61 prosperity, wealth, i.e., the condition or state of having an abundance (Pr 11:10); 4. LN 79.9–79.17 beauty, fairness, i.e., the state of attractiveness, pleasant to look at (Zec 9:17); 5. LN 25.116–25.134 unit: טוּב לֵבָב (ṭûḇ lē·ḇāḇ) gladness, joy, formally, goodness of heart, i.e., the state or condition of being in a joyful, glad attitude or feeling (Dt 28:47; Isa 65:14+)

3207 טוֹב אֲדוֹנִיָּה (ṭôḇ ʾǎḏô·niy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2899;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tob-Adonijah: Levite instructor in Torah (2Ch 17:8+)

3208 טוֹבָה (ṭô·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2896; TWOT 793a—1. LN 88.1–88.11 good deed, fair thing, i.e., an action which is not evil, but a positive moral nature, implying a positive attitude or favor toward the object of the good deed (Ps 35:12); 2. LN 65.20–65.29 good things, i.e., objects or events which have a good, positive quality or value (Ex 18:9); 3. LN 57.71–57.124 bounty, prosperity, i.e., have an excessive accumulation or collection of things (Dt 30:9); 4. LN 25.116–25.134 satisfaction, joy, i.e., a feeling or attitude of happiness (Ecc 5:17[EB 18]); 5. LN 88.66–88.74 kindness, graciousness, i.e., a moral quality related to goodness, and manifests itself in acts of undeserved benefits (Jer 52:32), see also 3202; note: further study may yield more domains

3209 טוֹבִיָּה (ṭô·ḇiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2900;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tobiah; 1. ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:60; Ne 7:62+) 2. Ammonite who opposed Nehemiah (Ne 2:10–13:8 passim+), note: for Ne 6:19 cj, see 3177 3. (Tobijah NIV) gift bearer for the second temple (Zec 6:10, 14+), see also 3210

3210 טוֹבִיָּהוּ (ṭô·ḇiy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2900;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tobijahu (Tobijah NIV): Levite instructor in Torah (2Ch 17:8+), see also 3209

טוה (ṭwh): see 3211

3211 טָוָה (ṭā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2901; TWOT 794—LN 48 (qal pf.) spin yarn, i.e., the action of twining hair into a coarse thread (Ex 35:25, 26+)

טוח (ṭwḥ): see 3212

3212 טוּחַ (ṭûaḥ): v.; ≡ Str 2902; TWOT 795—LN 45 (qal) cover with whitewash or plaster or precious metal as a part of the construction process (Lev 14:42; 1Ch 29:4; Eze 13:10, 11, 12, 14, 15; 22:28+); (nif) be plastered, be coated (Lev 14:43, 48+)

טוֹטָפוֹת (ṭô·ṭā·p̄ôṯ) BDB: see 3213

3213 טוֹטָפֹת (ṭô·ṭā·p̄ōṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 2903; TWOT 804a—LN 6.195 symbolic ornament, sign, i.e., a band worn as a remembrance to a past fact, as a non-verbal communication (Ex 13:16; Dt 6:8; 11:18+), note: often called “phylacteries,” see also LN 33.476–33.489

טול (ṭwl): see 3214

3214 טוּל (ṭûl): v.; ≡ Str 2904; TWOT 797—1. LN 15.215–15.221 (pilpel) hurl, cast far away, i.e., make linear movement through the air with an object by force (Isa 22:17+); (hif) thrown, hurl, (1Sa 18:11; 20:33; Jnh 1:5, 12, 15+); (hof) be hurled (Pr 16:33; Jer 22:28+); 2. LN 15.160–15.164 (hif) remove, drive along, formally, hurl, i.e., cause one to be driven from an area by linear movement as a figurative extension of throwing an object through the air (Jer 16:13; 22:26; Eze 32:4; Jnh 1:4+); 3. LN 15.107–15.117 (hof) fallen, i.e., pertaining to making linear movement from a higher elevation to a lower elevation (Ps 37:24+); 4. LN 25.206–25.222 (hof) awesome, overpowering, formally, be driven along, i.e., pertaining to surprising and inspiring awe (Job 41:1[EB 9]+)

3215 טוּר (ṭûr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2905; TWOT 798a—LN 62.1–62.2 row, course, i.e., a layer of individual physical things arranged together in a set (Ex 28:17–20 passim; 39:10–13; 1Ki 6:36; 7:2–42 passim; 2Ch 4:3, 13; Eze 46:23+)

טושׂ (ṭwś): see 3216

3216 טוּשׂ (ṭûś): v.; ≡ Str 2907; TWOT 799—LN 15.245 (qal) swoop down, i.e., a swift downward flight of a bird of prey as it catches its prey, technically called a “stoop.” (Job 9:26+)

טחה (ṭḥh): see 3217

3217 טָחָה (ṭā·ḥā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2909; TWOT 800—1. LN 15.245 (pilel ptcp. pl.) shoot an arrow, i.e., the action of an arrow flying through the air (Ge 21:16+); 2. LN 81.25–81.29 unit: טָחָה קֶשֶׁת (ṭā·ḥā(h) qě·šěṯ) bowshot, i.e., a measurement of a distance which is out of ear-shot of loud noises, but still within sight (Ge 21:16+)

3218 טְחוֹן (ṭeḥôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2911; TWOT 802a—LN 7.68 hand-mill, grinding-mill, i.e., a relatively heavy device made of stones to rub and press grain into flour (La 5:13+)

3219 טֻחוֹת (ṭǔ·ḥôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 2910; TWOT 795b—LN 26 the heart, inner parts, i.e., the centermost part of a person as a seat of wisdom and response to God, with a focus on the mystery and unknowableness of a person (Job 38:36; Ps 51:8[EB 6]+)

טחח (ṭḥḥ): see 3220

3220 טָחַח (ṭā·ḥǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 2902; TWOT 795—LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) be smeared over, i.e., be covered by smearing or plastering (Isa 44:18+), note: this is likely a figurative extension for not being able to understand, see also domain LN 32.42–32.61

טחן (ṭḥn): see 3221

3221 טָחַן (ṭā·ḥǎn): v.; ≡ Str 2912; TWOT 802—1. LN 46 (qal) grind grain to very fine substance (Nu 11:8; Jdg 16:21; Job 31:10; Isa 47:2+), see also domain LN 19.43–19.54; 2. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) crush metal to powder (Ex 32:20; Dt 9:21+); 3. LN 22.21–22.28 unit: פָּנֶה (pā·ně(h)) … טָחַן (ṭā·ḥǎn) (qal) extreme oppression, formally, grind the face (Isa 3:15+)

3222 טַחֲנָה (ṭǎ·ḥǎnā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2913; TWOT 802b—LN 7.68 grinding-mill, i.e., a relatively heavy device made of stones to rub and press grain into flour (Ecc 12:4+)

3223 טֹחֲנָה (ṭō·ḥǎnā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2912; TWOT 802—LN 46 miller woman, i.e., a person who grinds grain (Ecc 12:3+), note: likely this refers to molar teeth

3224 טְחֹרִים (ṭeḥō·rîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2914; TWOT 803a—LN 23.142–23.184 tumor, hemorrhoids, i.e., boils on the anus either as a stool problem, or due to disease (Dt 28:27 Q; 1Sa 5:6 Q,9 Q,12 Q; 6:4 Q,5 Q; 6:11, 17+), note: for K see 6754

טֹטָפֹת (ṭō·ṭā·p̄ōṯ) BDB: see 3213

3225 טִיחַ (ṭîaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2915; TWOT 795a—LN 7.77–7.79 a coating of whitewash or plaster, as a part of construction and maintenance (Eze 13:12+), see also LN 45

3226 טִיט (ṭîṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2916; TWOT 796a—1. LN 2.14–2.28 mud, mire, muck, i.e., wet dirt that can stick to things that go through it (2Sa 22:43; Job 41:22[EB 30]; Ps 18:43[EB 42]; 40:3[EB 2]; 69:15[EB 14]; Isa 57:20; Jer 38:6; Mic 7:10; Zec 9:3; 10:5+); 2. LN 2.14–2.28 clay, i.e., a natural substance used to make earthenware (Isa 41:25; Na 3:14+)

3227 טִירָה (ṭî·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2918; TWOT 798b—1. LN 62.1–62.2 ledge, i.e., a row of stones in an arranged set (Eze 46:23+); 2. LN 1.88–1.94 camp, i.e., an encampment arranged in modestly defensive circular position, or protected by a stone fence or wall (Ge 25:16; Nu 31:10; 1Ch 6:39[EB 54]; Ps 69:26[EB 25]; Eze 25:4+); 3. LN 7.2–7.25 tower, battlement, i.e., a defensive construction, with a focus on its height (SS 8:9+)

3228 טַל (ṭǎl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2919; TWOT 807a—LN 2.7–2.13 dew, night-mist, i.e., moisture condensed on surfaces, esp. at night, with the associative meanings of prosperity and abundance (1Ki 17:1), see also domain LN 14.17–14.35

טלא (ṭlʾ): see 3229

3229 טָלָא (ṭā·lā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 2921; TWOT 805—LN 79.114–79.117 (qal pass. as a) see 3231.5; (pual) be patched, i.e., pertaining to being covered over with another newer piece of material (Jos 9:5+)

3230 טְלָאִים (ṭelā·ʾîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2923;—LN 93-place (loc.) Telaim: place in Judah (1Sa 15:4+), note: some relate to 3234

3231 טָלֶה (ṭā·lě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2922, 2924; TWOT 806a—LN 4.1–4.37 lamb, i.e., a young sheep, at an early stage of growth, around the time of weaning, at a particularly vulnerable stage in reference to predators (1Sa 7:9; Isa 40:11; 65:25+)

טָלוּא (ṭā·lû(ʾ)): adj. [served by 3229]; ≡ Str 2922, 2924;—1. LN 79.26–79.38 spotted, variegated, i.e., pertaining to a color pattern of an animal (Ge 30:32,33, 35,39+), see also domain LN 63.9–63.12; 2. LN 79.26–79.38 gaudy, i.e., pertaining to having a festive, yet overdone variegated coloring (Eze 16:16+)

טלטלה (ṭlṭlh) BDB: see 3232

3232 טַלְטֵלָה (ṭǎl·ṭē·lā(h)): n.fem. [oth adj.]; ≡ Str 2925; TWOT 797a—LN 15.215–15.221 hurling, throwing, i.e., the act. of violently moving an object by tossing, as a reference to punishment (Isa 22:17+)

טלל (ṭll): see 3233

3233 טָלַל (ṭā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2926; TWOT 808—LN 45 (piel impf.) roof, cover with a roof (Ne 3:15+)

3234 I. טֶלֶם (ṭě·lěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2928;—LN 93-place (loc.) Telem: town in Negev of Judah or (Jos 15:24+), note: some relate to 3230

3235 II. טֶלֶם (ṭě·lěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2928;—LN 93-pers. (male) Telem: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:24+)

3236 טַלְמוֹן (ṭǎl·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2929;—LN 93-pers. (male) Talmon: 1. a gatekeeper (1Ch 9:17; Ne 11:19; 12:25+) 2. ancestor of group of gatekeepers (Ezr 2:42; Ne 7:45+), note: likely related to 1.

טַלְמֹן (ṭǎl·mōn) BDB: see 3236

טמא (ṭmʾ): see 3237

3237 I. טָמֵא (ṭā·mē(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 2930; TWOT 809—1. LN 53.33–53.40 (qal) be unclean, be defiled, i.e., be ritually impure (Lev 5:3); (nif) made unclean, defiled, impure (Lev 11:43); (piel) make unclean, defile, desecrate (Lev 11:44); (pual) defiled (Eze 4:14+); (hitp) make oneself unclean, defile oneself (Lev 11:24); (hotpaal) be defiled (Dt 24:4+); 2. LN 88.271–88.282 (nif) improper sexual behavior, formally, defiled, i.e., initiate or receive improper sexual contact, and so be socially and ceremonially defiled (Nu 5:13), note: for another parsing in Mic 2:10, see 3239

3238 II. טָמֵא (ṭā·mē(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 2931; TWOT 809a—1. LN 53.33–53.40 unclean, defiled, i.e., to be ceremonially impure according to a standard set forth (Lev 5:2); 2. LN 28.28–28.56 unit: טָמֵא הַ־ שֵׁם (ṭā·mē(ʾ) hǎ- šēm)1 infamous, formally, unclean of name, i.e., having a bad reputation as something well known (Eze 22:5); 3. LN 1.79–1.81 unit: אֲדָמָה טָמֵא (ʾǎḏā·mā(h) ṭā·mē(ʾ))2 pagan country, formally, an unclean land (Am 7:17)

3239 טָמְאָה (ṭām·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2930; TWOT 809—LN 53.33–53.40 uncleanness, impurity, i.e., defilement and ritually unacceptable according to a standard (Mic 2:10), note: oth parse as qal pf. 3fs. of 3237

3240 טֻמְאָה (ṭǔm·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2932; TWOT 809b—1. LN 53.33–53.40 uncleanness, impurity, i.e., ceremonially uncleanness for a violation of a standard of the covenant (Lev 5:3; 16:16; Nu 5:19), note: some of these offenses are quite serious, of a moral nature, see also domain LN 88.139–88.143; 2. LN 2.49–2.62 impurity, dross, i.e., a foreign particle in a physical mass of metal (Eze 24:11); 3. LN 12.39 unit: רוּחַ הַ־ טֻמְאָה (rûaḥ hǎ- ṭǔm·ʾā(h)) demon, formally, spirit of uncleanness, i.e., a false entity which communicates messages to false prophets (Zec 13:2), note: NIV translates “spirit of impurity” so implying as an attitude of sin and rebellion

טמה (ṭmh): see 3241

3241 טָמָה (ṭā·mā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2933; TWOT 810—LN 53.33–53.40 (nif) be considered unclean, with a strong implication of being unacceptable (Job 18:3+), note: for cj, see 3241, see BHS ftn

טמם (ṭmm): see 3242

3242 טָמַם (ṭā·mǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2933; TWOT 810—LN 27.23–27.26 (nif) be considered stupid, i.e., be thought of as senseless and animal-like in a thought process (Job 18:3+), note: for MT text, see 3241

טמן (ṭmn): see 3243

3243 טָמַן (ṭā·mǎn): v.; ≡ Str 2934; TWOT 811—1. LN 28.68–28.83 (qal) hide, conceal, i.e., cover an object for the purpose of not making something known (Jos 2:6); (qal pass.) be hidden (Dt 33:19; Jos 7:21, 22; Job 3:16; 18:10+); (nif) hide oneself (Isa 2:10+); (hif) keep hidden (2Ki 7:8+); 2. LN 19.55 (qal) bury, i.e., place objects in the ground and cover with dirt or material (Ge 35:4), note: done for the purpose of hiding or of interning the dead; (qal pass.) buried (Job 40:13+); 3. LN 39.51 (qal) lie in wait, formally, be concealed, i.e., conceal oneself for an attack at the right movement (Job 20:26+)

3244 טֶנֶא (ṭě·ně(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2935; TWOT 812a—LN 6.118–6.151 basket, i.e., a container to carry agricultural produce, a full basket being a sign of prosperity (Dt 26:2, 4; 28:5, 17+)

טנף (ṭnp): see 3245

3245 טָנַף (ṭā·nǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2936; TWOT 813—LN 79.48–79.56 (piel) soil, make physically dirty what has been previously washed and so clean (SS 5:3+)

טעה (ṭʿh): see 3246

3246 טָעָה (ṭā·ʿā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2937; TWOT 814—1. LN 88.264 (hif pf.) lead astray, i.e., cause another to commit apostasy and misbehavior (Eze 13:10+); 2. LN 44 (qal) wander, tend as a shepherdess, i.e., to roam about with the flocks (SS 1:7 cj+), note: for MT text, see 6486

טעם (ṭʿm): see 3247

3247 טָעַם (ṭā·ʿǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2938; TWOT 815—1. LN 24.72 (qal) taste, experience literal food through the taste buds (1Sa 14:24, 29, 43; 2Sa 3:35; 19:36[EB 35]; Job 12:11; 34:3; Jnh 3:7+); 2. LN 90.56–90.84 (qal) see, perceive, i.e., to discover by experience (Ps 34:9[EB 8]; Pr 31:18+)

3248 טַעַם (ṭǎ·ʿǎm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2940; TWOT 815a—1. LN 24.72 taste, i.e., the use of taste buds to distinguish and enjoy flavor (Ex 16:31; Nu 11:8; Job 6:6; Jer 48:11+); 2. LN 32.24–32.41 discretion, discernment, i.e., good judgment as a facet of wisdom and capacity for understanding (1Sa 25:33; Job 12:20; Ps 119:66; Pr 11:22; 26:16+); 3. LN 33.323–33.332 decree, judgment, i.e., a command or order, stated with force (Jnh 3:7+); 4. LN 30.1–30.38 unit: שָׁנָה (šā·nā(h)) … טַעַם (ṭǎ·ʿǎm) pretend to be insane, formally, turn discernment, i.e., to act. as if you have lost all sensibilities (1Sa 21:14[EB 13]; Ps 34:1[EB title]+)

I. טען (ṭʿn): see 3249

II. טען (ṭʿn): see 3250

3249 I. טָעַן (ṭā·ʿǎn): v.; ≡ Str 2944; TWOT 817—LN 19.14–19.26 (pual ptcp.) be pierced, i.e., be stuck with a sword (Isa 14:19+)

3250 II. טָעַן (ṭā·ʿǎn): v.; ≡ Str 2943; TWOT 816—LN 16 (qal imv.) load, i.e., pack up a beast of burden, as a non-linear movement (Ge 45:17+), see also domain LN 44

3251 I. טַף (ṭǎp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2945; TWOT 821a—1. LN 9.41–9.45 little children, i.e., offspring that are young and not yet able to easily walk long distances, nor fully developed in their moral values (Dt 1:39) note: for another interp in Ge 47:12, see 3252; 2. LN 9.1–9.23 women and children, i.e., a class of persons that are not adult males, and so considered relatively helpless to defend oneself (Ex 12:37; Nu 32:16)

3252 II. טַף (ṭǎp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2945; TWOT 821a—LN 85.65–85.66 drop, cache, i.e., a depository to store food (Ge 47:12+), for another interp, see 3251

I. טפח (ṭpḥ): see 3253

II. טפח (ṭpḥ): see 3254

3253 I. טָפַח (ṭā·p̄ǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 2946; TWOT 821—LN 42.29–42.40 (piel pf.) create, formally, spread out, i.e., a figurative extension of a spreading motion, meaning the creation of a huge part of the universe (the heavens), implying great majesty and power (Isa 48:13+)

3254 II. טָפַח (ṭā·p̄ǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 2946; TWOT 821—1. LN 35.51–35.52 (piel pf.) care for, i.e., rear and raise a child (La 2:22+), note: some translate as “dandle” meaning to hug, play with and stimulate with the hands as a positive infant care method; 2. LN 23.88–23.128 give birth, i.e., bear a normal, healthy child (La 2:22+), note: context favors the prior entry as the likely meaning

3255 טֶפַח (ṭě·p̄ǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2947; TWOT 818b—LN 81.25–81.29 a handbreadth, i.e., a span of the hand, and so a specific measurement of the width of the hand at the base of the four fingers, about 3 inches (7.37cm) (1Ki 7:26; 2Ch 4:5+), see also 3256-7

3256 טֹפַח (ṭō·p̄ǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2948; TWOT 818c—LN 81.25–81.29 a handbreadth, i.e., a span of the hand, and so a specific measurement of the width of the hand at the base of the four fingers, about 3 inches (7.37cm) (Ex 25:25; 37:12; Eze 40:5, 43; 43:13+), see also 3255

3257 I. טַפְחָה (ṭǎp̄·ḥā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 2947; TWOT 818b—LN 67.142–67.162 a handbreadth, i.e., a span of the hand, and so a specific measurement of length, but here as a mixing of metaphor to heighten the meaning as a relatively short length of time (Ps 39:6[EB 5]+), see also 3255, see also domain LN 81.25–81.29

3258 II. טַפְחָה (ṭǎp̄·ḥā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 2947; TWOT 818b—LN 7.26–7.73 eaves, i.e., the upper range of where a roof and wall meet (1Ki 7:9+), note: others translate “coping” as the top covering row of stones on a wall

3259 טִפֻּחִים (ṭip·pǔ·ḥîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 2949; TWOT 818a—1. LN 35.51–35.52 a caring for, i.e., the rearing and raising of an infant in a general sense (La 2:20+), note: some are more specific in the care; translate as “dandling” meaning to hug, play with and stimulate with the hands as a positive infant care method; note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 9.41–9.45 healthy child (La 2:20+), note: context favors prior entry

טפל (ṭpl): see 3260

3260 טָפַל (ṭā·p̄ǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2950; TWOT 819—1. LN 40.8–40.13 (qal impf.) cover, i.e., a figurative extension of forgiving as an act. of covering over sin (Job 14:17+); 2. LN 33.251–33.255 unit: טָפַל (ṭā·p̄ǎl) … שֶׁקֶר (šě·qěr) tell a falsehood, formally, smear with lies, i.e., tell a deception with a focus on the lie as soothing ointment smeared on a sick body, though in fact false (Job 13:4; Ps 119:69+)

3261 טִפְסָר (ṭip̄·sār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2951; TWOT 820—1. LN 37.48–37.95 official, scribe, i.e., a governmental authority as a civil ruler (Na 3:17+), note: oth as a military commander, see domain LN 55.14–55.22; 2. LN 55.14–55.22 commander, i.e., a governmental authority as a military recruiter (Jer 51:27+)

טפף (ṭpp): see 3262

3262 טָפַף (ṭā·p̄ǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2952; TWOT 821—LN 15.1–15.17 (qal inf. abs.) walk along in mincing steps, i.e., take quick little steps as a feminine way of walking, the way a haughty woman would walk, as a linear motion (Isa 3:16+)

טפשׁ (ṭpš): see 3263

3263 טָפַשׁ (ṭā·p̄ǎš): v.; ≡ Str 2954; TWOT 822—LN 25.197 (qal) be unfeeling, calloused, i.e., lose all sense of shame, implying unresponsiveness to Torah (Ps 119:70+)

3264 טָפַת (ṭā·p̄ǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2955;—LN 93-pers. (female) Taphath: daughter of Solomon (1Ki 4:11+)

טרד (ṭrd): see 3265

3265 טָרַד (ṭā·rǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 2956; TWOT 823—LN 15.118–15.122 (qal) constantly drip, steadily drop, i.e., the continual dripping, downward motion of drops of water in a leaky house, implying great irritation (Pr 19:13; 27:15+), see also domain LN 25.179–25.185

3266 טְרוֹם (ṭerôm): adv. of time [Holladay: c.]—see 3270 (Ru 3:14 K+)

טרח (ṭrḥ): see 3267

3267 טָרַח (ṭā·rǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 2959; TWOT 825—LN 90.51–90.55 (hif) load down, burden, i.e., the action of packing or loading something with an object, as a figurative extension of causation (Job 37:11+), see also domain LN 15.187–15.211

3268 טֹרַח (ṭō·rǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2960; TWOT 825a—LN 22.1–22.14 problem, i.e., that which is a burden or load, as a figurative extension of trouble or distress (Dt 1:12; Isa 1:14+)

3269 טָרִי (ṭā·rî): adj.; ≡ Str 2961; TWOT 824a—1. LN 79.62–79.69 fresh, i.e., pertaining to not being old, and so have density and hardness (Jdg 15:15+); 2. LN 79.78–79.83 moist, open, i.e., pertaining to a raw sore on the body that is inflamed and infected (Isa 1:6+), see also domain LN 23.142–23.184

3270 טֶרֶם (ṭě·rěm): adv. of time [Holladay: c. and prep.]; ≡ Str 2962; TWOT 826—1. LN 67.17–67.64 before, i.e., pertaining to a point of time prior to another point of time (Ge 19:4), note: for K at Ru 3:14, see 3266; 2. LN 69.2–69.6 no, not, i.e., a marker that negates a statement (Ex 9:30); 3. LN 67.118–67.135 not yet, i.e., the negation of an extended time up to and beyond an expected point (1Sa 3:7)

טרף (ṭrp): see 3271

3271 טָרַף (ṭā·rǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 2963; TWOT 827—1. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) tear, mangle, i.e., a ripping apart of soft tissue with sharp teeth, with a focus on a violent, abhorrent death (Ge 37:33a; 44:28a; 49:27; Ex 22:12a[EB 13a]; Dt 33:20; Job 16:9; 18:4; Ps 7:3[EB 2]; 17:12; 22:14[EB 13]; 50:22; Eze 19:3, 6; 22:25, 27; Hos 5:14; 6:1; Am 1:11; Mic 5:7[EB 8]; Na 2:13[EB 12]+); (nif) be torn to pieces (Ex 22:12b[EB 13b]; Jer 5:6+); (pual) be torn (Ge 37:33b; 44:28b+); 2. LN 59.44–59.47 (hif) provide, i.e., give an amount that is sufficient to meet a need to satisfaction, as an figurative extension of killing prey (Pr 30:8+)

3272 טֶרֶף (ṭě·rěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2964; TWOT 827b—1. LN 5.1–5.22 prey, animal game, i.e., animate life killed for consumption by predators, implying a violent death (Ge 49:9; Nu 23:24; Job 4:11; 29:17; 38:39; Ps 76:5[EB 4]; 104:21; 124:6; Isa 5:29; 31:4; Eze 19:3, 6; 22:25, 27; Am 3:4; Na 2:13[EB 12],14[EB 13]; 3:1+); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 food, i.e., as a general word for what is consumable (Job 24:5; Ps 111:5; Pr 31:15; Mal 3:10+)

3273 טָרָף (ṭā·rāp̄): adj.; ≡ Str 2965; TWOT 827a—1. LN 18.1–18.11 fresh-picked, i.e., pertaining to a leaf or twig that has just been plucked (Ge 8:11+); 2. LN 3.47–3.59 fresh, new, i.e., pertaining to growth that is new and in a tender state of vegetation, as a feature of the non-fruit part of a plant (Eze 17:9+), note: BDB parses as 3272

3274 טְרֵפָה (ṭerē·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2966; TWOT 827c—LN 8.1–8.8 mangled carcass, i.e., dead animal torn by wild beasts, of little value and not for human consumption (Ge 31:39; Ex 22:12[EB 13],30[EB 31]; Lev 7:24; 17:15; 22:8; Eze 4:14; 44:31; Na 2:13[EB 12]+)

י

3275 י (y): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

3276 ־ִי (i-y): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.1cs.)—LN 92.1–92.3 me, my, i.e., a discourse referential to a speaker (Ge 2:23)

יאב (yʾb): see 3277

3277 יָאַב (yā·ʾǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2968; TWOT 828—LN 25.1–25.11 (qal pf.) long for, desire, i.e., have an intense desire, implying anticipation (Ps 119:131+)

יֹאָב (yō·ʾāḇ) Holladay: see 3405 (1Ki 1:19+)

יאה (yʾh): see 3278

3278 יָאָה (yā·ʾā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 2969; TWOT 829—LN 66 (qal pf.) be fitting, be proper, i.e., to be suitable and due in a circumstance (Jer 10:7+)

יְאוֹר (yeʾôr): see 3284

3279 יַאֲזַנְיָה (yǎ·ʾǎzǎn·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2970;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaazaniah: 1. a Rechabite (Jer 35:3+) 2. prince of Israel (Eze 11:1+), see also 3280

3280 יַאֲזַנְיָהוּ (yǎ·ʾǎzǎn·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2970;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaazaniahu (Jaazaniah NIV): 1. leader who called on Gedaliah (2Ki 25:23+), see also 3471 2. idolatrous elder of Israel (Eze 8:11+), see also 3279

3281 יָאִיר (yā·ʾîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2971;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jair: 1. a delivering judge (Jdg 10:3, 5+) 2. of Manasseh (Nu 32:41; Dt 3:14; 1Ch 2:22+), see also 3281.5 3. grand-uncle of Queen Esther (Est 2:5) 4. see 3285; note: some of these verses are related to 2596 by some sources

יָאִיר (yā·ʾîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2971;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jair: villages in Gilead, i.e., Bashan (Jos 13:30; 1Ki 4:13+), see also Havvoth Jair, see 2596, note: some relate to 3281(2.)

יָאִירִי (yā·ʾî·rî) BDB: see 3285

I. יאל (yʾl): see 3282

II. יאל (yʾl): see 3283

3282 I. יָאַל (yā·ʾǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2973; TWOT 830—LN 32.42–32.61 (nif) become foolish, be a fool, i.e., to have a lack of insight and understanding to make proper judgments (Nu 12:11; Isa 19:13; Jer 5:4; 50:36+)

3283 II. יָאַל (yā·ʾǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2974; TWOT 831—1. LN 68.1–68.10 (hif) begin, i.e., to start and continue some activity (Dt 1:5; 1Sa 17:39+); 2. LN 30.75–30.85 (hif) determine, i.e., to come to a conclusion based on thinking and processing information (Jos 17:12; Jdg 1:27, 35+); 3. LN 33.278–33.280 (hif) agree to, i.e., verbally affirm a proposition or offer (Ex 2:21; Jdg 17:11+); 4. LN 25.102–25.115 (hif) be content, be pleased, i.e., be in a state of feeling pleasure and enjoyment, implying acceptance of a situation or object (Jos 7:7; Jdg 19:6; 1Sa 12:22; 2Sa 7:29; 2Ki 5:23; 6:3; 1Ch 17:27; Job 6:9, 28; Hos 5:11+); 5. LN 25.156–25.166 (hif) be bold, i.e., have an attitude of confidence about a situation (Ge 18:27, 31+), note: 1Sa 17:39, some parse as qal impf. of 459

3284 יְאֹר (yeʾōr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2975; TWOT 832—LN 93-place (river) 1. Nile River (Ge 41:1; Isa 19:6), see also 5643.5, note: included here are backwater canals of the same river 2. Tigris River (Da 12:5,6, 7+), see also 2538

יְאֹר (yeʾōr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2975; TWOT 832—LN 1.51–1.59 tunnel, i.e., a shaft that goes through the earth, with an implication that subterranean water tickles or streams through it (Job 28:10+)

3285 יָאִרִי (yā·ʾi·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2972;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Jairite: pertaining to Jair, (2Sa 20:26+) see 3281(2.)

יאשׁ (yʾš): see 3286

3286 יָאַשׁ (yā·ʾǎš): v.; ≡ Str 2976; TWOT 833—LN 25.223–25.250 (nif) be despairing of, be without hope, give up hope (1Sa 27:1; Job 6:26; Isa 57:10; Jer 2:25; 18:12+); (piel) let despair (Ecc 2:20+)

יֹאָשׁ (yō·ʾāš) Holladay: see 3409 (2Ch 24:1+)

3287 יֹאשִׁיָּה (yō(ʾ)·šiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2977;—LN 93-pers. (male) Josiah: son of Zephaniah, donator of materials for crown (Zec 6:10+), see also 3288

3288 יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ (yō(ʾ)·šiy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2977;—LN 93-pers. (male) Josiahu (Josiah NIV): reforming king of Judah (1Ki 13:2; 2Ki 21:24–23:34 passim; 2Ch 35:1–36:1 passim), see also 3287

3289 יִאתוֹן (yi(ʾ)·ṯôn): n.masc.—see 415 (Eze 40:15 K)

3290 יְאָתְרַי (yeʾāṯ·rǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2979;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeatherai: of Levi (1Ch 6:6[EB 21]+), possibly see also 922

יבב (ybb): see 3291

3291 יָבַב (yā·ḇǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2980; TWOT 834—LN 33.69–33.108 (piel impf.) cry out, lament in a loud voice, as a verbal communication (Jdg 5:28+), see also domain LN 25.135–25.145

3292 יְבוּל (yeḇûl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2981; TWOT 835c—1. LN 43 produce, crop, i.e., what is planted and harvested, with a focus on the fruit of the crop (Lev 26:4, 20; Dt 11:17; 32:22; Jdg 6:4; Ps 67:7[EB 6]; 78:46; 85:13[EB 12]; Eze 34:27; Hab 3:17; Hag 1:10; Zec 8:12+), note: see also domain LN 3.33–3.46; 2. LN 57.1–57.21 household possessions, i.e., what is acquired or owned by someone (Job 20:28+), note: for NIV text, see 4429

3293 יְבוּס (yeḇûs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2982;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jebus: another name for Jerusalem (Jdg 19:10, 11; 1Ch 11:4, 5+), see also 3731, 3294(2.)

3294 יְבוּסִי (yeḇû·sî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2983; TWOT 216a—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Jebusite: 1. pertaining to a clan descending from Canaan (Ge 10:16; Jos 15:8) 2. pertaining to Jerusalem (Jos 15:8; 18:16, 28), see 3293

3295 יִבְחָר (yiḇ·ḥār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2984;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ibhar: son of David (2Sa 5:15; 1Ch 3:6; 14:5+)

3296 יָבִין (yā·ḇîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2985;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jabin: 1. king of Hazor (Jos 11:1+) 2. another king of Hazor (Jdg 4:2, 7, 17, 23, 24; Ps 83:10[EB 9]+)

יָבֵישׁ (yā·ḇêš) BDB: see 3314, 3315

יבל (ybl): see 3297

יַבָּל (yǎb·bāl) BDB: adj.—see 3301 (Lev 22:22)

3297 יָבַל (yā·ḇǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2986; TWOT 835—1. LN 15.165–15.186 (hif) bring, i.e., direct or guide the movement of an object in a linear direction (Ps 60:11[EB 9]; 68:30[EB 29]; 76:12[EB 11]; 108:11[EB 10]; Isa 23:7; Jer 31:9; Zep 3:10+); (hof) be brought, be led, be carried off (Job 10:19; 21:32; Ps 45:15[EB 14],16[EB 15]; Isa 18:7; 53:7; 55:12; Jer 11:19; Hos 10:6; 12:2[EB 1]+); 2. LN 21.9–21.13 (hof) delivered, i.e., pertaining to being taken out of danger (Job 21:30+)

3298 I. יָבָל (yā·ḇāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 2988; TWOT 835a—LN 1.69–1.78 watercourse, water ditch, i.e., that which carries a relatively small amount of water as would a small brook (Isa 30:25; 44:4+)

3299 II. יָבָל (yā·ḇāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2989;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jabal: son of Lamech (Ge 4:20+)

יֹבֵל (yō·ḇēl) BDB: see 3413

3300 יִבְלְעָם (yiḇ·leʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2991;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ibleam: town in Asher, assigned to Manasseh (Jos 17:11; Jdg 1:27; 2Ki 9:27+), note: some relate to 1190

3301 יַבֶּלֶת (yǎb·bě·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2990; TWOT 835f—1. LN 23.142–23.184 wart, i.e., a hard, horn-like projection on the skin (Lev 22:22+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 23.142–23.184 seeping, running sore, i.e., a sore that is weeping with body fluids (Lev 22:22+), note: the differences in meanings is caused by differing etymologies; note: which of these two from context is difficult to determine, “wart” may be slightly more preferable in context, related to MT disjunctive accents

יבם (ybm): see 3302

3302 יָבַם (yā·ḇǎm): v.; ≡ Str 2992; TWOT 836—LN 34.66–34.78 (piel) marry, i.e., take a brother’s widow as a wife and fulfill the procreational duty of the brother-in-law (Ge 38:8; Dt 25:5, 7+)

3303 יָבָם (yā·ḇām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 2993; TWOT 836a—LN 10.53–10.61 brother-in-law, i.e., a husband’s brother (Dt 25:5, 7+), note: the context assumes the husband to be dead

3304 יְבָמָה (yeḇā·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 2994; TWOT 836b—LN 10.53–10.61 sister-in-law, husband’s brother’sing. wife (Dt 25:7,9; Ru 1:15+), note: context assumes the wife is widowed

יְבֵמֶת (yeḇē·měṯ) BDB: see 3304

3305 יַבְנְאֵל (yǎḇ·neʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2995;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jabneel: 1. town of Judah, (Jos 15:11+), see also 3306 2. town of Naphtali (Jos 19:33+)

יַבְנֶה (yǎḇ·ně(h)) BDB: see 3306

3306 יַבְנֵה (yǎḇ·nē(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2996;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jabneh: town of Judah, (2Ch 26:6+), see also 3305(1.)

3307 יִבְנְיָה (yiḇ·neyā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2997;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ibneiah: of Benjamin (1Ch 9:8+)

3308 יִבְנִיָּה (yiḇ·niy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2998;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ibnijah: of Benjamin (1Ch 9:8+)

3309 יַבֹּק (yǎb·bōq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2999;—LN 93-place (River) Jabbok: primary tributary of the Jordan River, E side, halfway between Lake Galilee and the Dead Sea (Ge 32:23[EB 22]; Nu 21:24; Dt 2:37; 3:16; Jos 12:2; Jdg 11:13, 22+)

3310 יְבֶרֶכְיָהוּ (yeḇě·rěḵ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3000;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeberekiahu (Jeberekiah NIV): father of a reliable witness (Isa 8:2+)

יְבֻסִי (yeḇǔ·sî) BDB: see 3294

3311 יִבְשָׂם (yiḇ·śām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3005;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ibsam: grandson of Issachar (1Ch 7:2+)

יבשׁ (ybš): see 3312

3312 I. יָבֵשׁ (yā·ḇēš): v.; ≡ Str 3001; TWOT 837—1. LN 79.78–79.83 (qal) dry up, be dry, be withered, be shriveled up, i.e., be in a state of relatively little or no moisture (Jos 9:5); (piel) make wither, dry up (Job 15:30; Na 1:4+); (hif) make wither, dry up (Jos 2:10); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) paralyzed, formally, withered, i.e., be in a state of a limb of the body that does not respond to the brain’s motor functions (1Ki 13:5; Zec 11:17); (piel) withers (Pr 17:22); 3. LN 13.69–13.103 (hif) be gone, formally, withered, i.e., to have a state no longer exist as an extension of the drying up of an object (Joel 1:12b; Zec 9:5), note: La 4:8 can also be parsed as a in 3313; note: for MT text in Ps 37:19; Hos 13:15, see 1017

3313 II. יָבֵשׁ (yā·ḇēš): adj. [oth qal act.ptcp.]; ≡ Str 3002; TWOT 837a—1. LN 79.78–79.83 dry, withered, i.e., pertaining to an object lacking moisture (Job 13:25; Isa 56:3; La 4:8; Eze 17:24; 21:3[EB 20:47]; 37:2, 4; Na 1:10+), note: La 4:8 can also be parsed as a verb qal pf. 3ms. of 3312; 2. LN 5.1–5.22 unit: עֵנָב יָבֵשׁ (ʿē·nāḇ yā·ḇēš)2 raisins, formally, dried grapes, i.e., a processed food removing the moisture from grapes (Nu 6:3+); 3. LN 23.1–23.39 unit: נֶפֶשׁ ־נוּ יָבֵשׁ (ně·p̄ěš nû yā·ḇēš)2 lose appetite, formally, dried up in the soul, i.e., to not have a desire to eat a certain food (Nu 11:6+), see also domain LN 25.1–25.11

3314 III. יָבֵשׁ (yā·ḇēš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3003;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jabesh: father of the Shallum (2Ki 15:10, 13, 14+)

3315 IV. יָבֵשׁ (yā·ḇēš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3003;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jabesh: town of Manasseh, (1Sa 11:1, 3, 5, 9, 10; 31:12, 13; 1Ch 10:12+), note: short for Jabesh Gilead, see 3316

3316 יָבֵשׁ גִּלְעָד (yā·ḇēš gil·ʿāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3003;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jabesh Gilead: town of Manasseh, (Jdg 21:8, 9, 10, 12, 14; 1Sa 11:1, 9; 31:11; 2Sa 2:4, 5; 21:12; 1Ch 10:11+) see also 3315

3317 יַבָּשָׁה (yǎb·bā·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3004; TWOT 837b—LN 1.60–1.68 dry ground, dry land, i.e., a major surface of the earth in contrast to the sea or other bodies of water (Ge 1:9, 10; Ex 4:9; 14:16, 22, 29; 15:19; Jos 4:22; Ne 9:11; Ps 66:6; Isa 44:3; Jnh 1:9, 13; 2:11[EB 10]+), note: in some contexts “dry” may be an unnecessary redundancy, while in other, “dry” may be a major focus of the context

3318 יַבֶּשֶׁת (yǎb·bě·šěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3006; TWOT 837c—LN 1.60–1.68 dry ground, dry land, i.e., a major surface of the earth in contrast to the sea or other bodies of water (Ex 4:9; Ps 95:5+)

3319 יִגְאָל (yiḡ·ʾāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3008;—LN 93-pers. (male) Igal: 1. of Issachar, an explorer (Nu 13:7+) 2. a great warrior for David (2Sa 23:36+) 3. of David (1Ch 3:22+)

יגב (ygb): see 3320

3320 יָגַב (yā·ḡǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 3009; TWOT 838—LN 43 (qal ptcp. masc.pl.) be a field worker, field worker, i.e., one who works fields as opposed to vineyards (2Ki 25:12; Jer 52:16+), note: for another K form noted in BDB, see 1572

יֹגֵב (yō·ḡēḇ)[oth qal ptcp. masc.pl. of 3320]: n.masc.—see 3320

3321 יָגֵב (yā·ḡēḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3010; TWOT 838a—1. LN 1.95–1.98 (most versions) field, i.e., a tract of land for domestic use (Jer 39:10+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 43 (NEB) obligated field worker, i.e., one working the fields in servitude (Jer 39:10+), note: the difference here turns on the use of נָתַן (nā·ṯǎn) did he give them something (i.e. a field) or did he turn them (the poor) into a class of worker? the larger context of warfare and mercy would answer that question

3322 יָגְבְּהָה (yāḡ·behā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3011;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jogbehah: of Gad, a town in Trans-Jordan, site on the route Gideon (Nu 32:35; Jdg 8:11+)

3323 יִגְדַּלְיָהוּ (yiḡ·dǎl·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3012;—LN 93-pers. (male) Igdaliahu (Igdaliah NIV): father of Hanan (Jer 35:4+)

יגה (ygh) KB: see 3324, 3325

יגה (ygh)[1] Holladay: see 3324, note: . switches the LN 1 and LN 2

יגה (ygh)[2] Holladay: see 3325

3324 I. יָגָה (yā·ḡā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3013; TWOT 839—1. LN 25.270–25.287 (nif ptcp.) grieved, i.e., pertaining to a feeling or attitude of emotional sorrow and pain (La 1:4+); 2. LN 22.21–22.28 (piel) bring grief, i.e., cause trouble and hardship (La 3:33+); (hif) torment, bring grief (Job 19:2; Isa 51:23; La 1:5, 12; 3:32+)

3325 II. יָגָה (yā·ḡā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3014; TWOT 840—LN 15.187–15.211 (hif pf. 3ms.) be removed, carried off, i.e., to be borne and moved to another location, as a linear movement (2Sa 20:13+)

3326 יָגוֹן (yā·ḡôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3015; TWOT 839a—LN 25.223–25.250 sorrow, anguish, i.e., grief as an emotion or attitude (Ge 42:38; 44:31; Est 9:22; Ps 13:3[EB 2]; 31:11[EB 10]; 107:39; 116:3; Isa 35:10; 51:11; Jer 8:18; 20:18; 31:13; 45:3; Eze 23:33+)

3327 יָגוּר (yā·ḡûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3017;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jagur: site in Negev of Judah (Jos 15:21+)

3328 יָגוֹר (yā·ḡôr): adj.; ≡ Str 3016; TWOT 843a—LN 25.251–25.269 filled with fear, fearful, i.e., pertaining to a dread or fright of a person or object (Jer 22:25; 39:17+)

3329 יָגִיעַ (yā·ḡîaʿ): adj.; ≡ Str 3019; TWOT 842d—1. LN 23.78–23.87 weary, exhausted, i.e., pertaining to extreme tiredness (Job 3:17+); 2. LN 23.78–23.87 unit: יָגִיעַ כֹּחַ (yā·ḡîaʿ kōaḥ)1 the weary, formally, weariness of strength, i.e., a class of people needing rest badly (Job 3:17+)

3330 יְגִיעַ (yeḡîaʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3018; TWOT 842e—1. LN 42.41–42.50 labor, toil, i.e., heavy physical work as the expenditure of energy (Ge 31:42; Dt 28:33; Job 10:3; 39:11, 16; Isa 55:2; Hag 1:11+); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 produce, i.e., a harvestable crop as for human or animal (Ps 78:46; Ps 128:2; Jer 3:24+); 3. LN 42.29–42.40 products, merchandise, i.e., items that are manufactured and sold (Isa 45:14+); 4. LN 57.1–57.21 possessions, i.e., what has been gained by labor (Ne 5:13; Ps 109:11; Jer 20:5; Eze 23:29; Hos 12:9[EB 8]+)

3331 יְגִיעָה (yeḡî·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3024; TWOT 842c—LN 23.78–23.87 weariness, i.e., the state of tiredness and need for rest (Ecc 12:12+)

3332 יָגְלִי (yāḡ·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3020;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jogli: of Dan, father of Bukki, leader of the tribe (Nu 34:22+)

יגע (ygʿ): see 3333

3333 יָגַע (yā·ḡǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 3021; TWOT 842—1. LN 42.7–42.28 (qal) labor, toil, do, i.e., expend considerable energy to a task (Jos 24:13); 2. LN 23.78–23.87 (qal) be weary, grow tired, i.e., be or become in need of a state of rest, caused by either physical or emotional needs (Ecc 10:15); (piel) make weary (Jos 7:3; Ecc 10:15+); (hif) make weary (Isa 43:23, 24; Mal 2:17+)

3334 יָגָע (yā·ḡāʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3022; TWOT 842a—LN 42.41–42.50 product, the produce of labor, i.e., what is toiled for (Job 20:18+)

3335 יָגֵעַ (yā·ḡēaʿ): adj.; ≡ Str 3023; TWOT 842b—1. LN 23.78–23.87 worn out, weary, i.e., to be physically tired out (Dt 25:18; 2Sa 17:2+); 2. LN 23.78–23.87 wearisome, i.e., pertaining to causing to become weary (Ecc 1:8+)

יְגִעָה (yeḡi·ʿā(h)): see 3331

יגר (ygr): see 3336

3336 יָגֹר (yā·ḡōr): v.; ≡ Str 3025; TWOT 843—LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) fear, dread, i.e., to have anxiety about a future happening that is fearful or unpleasant (Dt 9:19; 28:60; Job 3:25; 9:28; Ps 119:39+)

3337 יְגַר שָׂהֲדוּתָא (yeḡǎr śā·hǎḏû·ṯā(ʾ)): n.pr. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 3026;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jegar Sahadutha: see 10310 + 10679, see also 1681

3338 יָד (yāḏ): n.fem. [BDB: masc. Ex 17:12+ ]; ≡ Str 3027; TWOT 844—1. LN 8.9–8.69 hand, i.e., the part of the human body from the upper wrist to the tip of the fingers (Ge 3:22); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 finger, i.e., a digit of the hand (Ge 41:42); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 arm, i.e., the entire arm on the body from the shoulder to the tip of the finger (Isa 50:2); 4. LN 57.1–57.21 possession, formally, hand, i.e., what is owned and/or controlled by another (Ex 22:3[EB 4]); 5. LN 76 power, i.e., the force and ability sufficient to accomplish a task, as an extension of the hand as a body part which is essential to manipulate one’s environment (Dt 7:8), see also domain LN 74; 6. LN 37.1–37.32 control, formally, hand, i.e., a state of domination over a less powerful object, as an extension of the hand as a body part which can grasp and hold an object (2Sa 8:1); 7. LN 35.36–35.46 care, i.e., the state of concern over persons or objects, implying the ability to use or control as necessary to their care (Ge 39:4); 8. LN 83.23–83.32 side, along side, i.e., a position close to another position, but not the front or behind (Dt 2:37); 9. LN 80.1–80.4 place, i.e., an area of space (Dt 23:13[EB 12]); 10. LN 7.2–7.25 monument, i.e., a construction which is for a memorial of a person or event (1Sa 15:12); 11. LN 6.52–6.53 axles of wheels, i.e., a rod upon which a wheel of a vehicle pivots or circles (1Ki 7:33); 12. LN 7.26–7.53 projection, i.e., a part of a construction which protrudes (Ex 26:19); 13. LN 6.106–6.117 supports, i.e., a framework of a piece of furniture (1Ki 7:36); 14. LN 6.106–6.117 armrest, i.e., of piece of furniture; the part of a chair or divan upon which the arms rest (1Ki 10:19; 2Ch 9:18); 15. LN 8.9–8.69 genitals, i.e., the sexual organs of the human body (Isa 57:8), note: NIV translates “nakedness;” this could refer to an idol of some sexual nature, others translate “hand”; 16. LN 60.75–60.78 part, times, i.e., a multiple of something or a quality (Ge 43:34; 47:24; 2Sa 19:44[EB 43]; Da 1:20); 17. LN 55.7–55.13 part, remnant, company, i.e., a part of a larger military unit (2Ki 11:7; Ne 11:1); 18. LN 90.1–90.7 unit: בְּ־ יָד (b- yāḏ) by, through, i.e., a marker of intermediate agency (Ex 9:35), note: further study may yield more domains

3339 יִדְאֲלָה (yiḏ·ʾǎlā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3030;—LN 93-place (loc.) Idalah: site in Zebulun (Jos 19:15+)

3340 יִדְבָּשׁ (yiḏ·bāš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3031;—LN 93-pers. (male) Idbash: of Judah (1Ch 4:3+)

ידד (ydd): see 3341

3341 יָדַד (yā·ḏǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 3032; TWOT 845, 846—1. LN 15.215–15.221 (qal) cast, hurl, i.e., to throw a physical object, in a normal tossing manner, not violently (Joel 4:3[EB 3:3]; Ob 11; Na 3:10+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 30.104 unit: יָדַד גּוֹרָל (yā·ḏǎḏ gô·rāl) decide by gambling, formally, cast a lot, i.e., gamble by throwing a thing that will make a decision (Joel 4:3[EB 3:3]; Ob 11; Na 3:10+)

3342 יְדִדוּת (yeḏi·ḏûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3033; TWOT 846c—LN 25.33–25.58 beloved one, i.e., a dearly loved one as the object of one’s affection (Jer 12:7+)

I. ידה (ydh): see 3343

II. ידה (ydh): see 3344

3343 I. יָדָה (yā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3034; TWOT 847—1. LN 15.245 (qal) shoot a bow, i.e., linear movement through the air (Jer 50:14+); 2. LN 15.215–15.221 (piel) throw, hurl, i.e., cause an object to go through the air (La 3:53; Zec 2:4[EB 1:21]+)

3344 II. יָדָה (yā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3034; TWOT 847—1. LN 33.354–33.364 (hif) express praise, extol, i.e., make a public confession of the attributes and acts of power of a person (2Sa 22:50), (hitp) (2Ch 30:22) note: there is a focus on the content of praise, spoken out-loud, usually in the context of the community; 2. LN 33.349–33.353 (hif) give thanks, i.e., give an expression of praise for a person, with a particular focus on the subject being engaged in the expression of thanks or praise (1Ch 29:13); 3. LN 33.275–33.277 (hif) confess, make an admission, i.e., to publicly admit to something, usually a wrong of some kind (Ps 32:5; Pr 28:13); (hitp) (Lev 5:5; Da 9:4)

3345 יַדַּו (yǎd·dǎw): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3035;—LN 93-pers. (male) (ASV?, KJV?) Jaddav: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:43 K+), note: for Q 3350

3346 יִדּוֹ (yid·dô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3035;—LN 93-pers. (male) Iddo: of Manasseh, an officer in time of David (1Ch 27:21+)

3347 יָדוֹן (yā·ḏôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3036;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jadon: wall builder (Ne 3:7+)

3348 יַדּוּעַ (yǎd·dûaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3037;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaddua: 1. signer of covenant (Ne 10:22[EB 21]+) 2. a priest (Ne 12:11, 22+)

3349 יְדוּתוּן (yeḏû·ṯûn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3038; TWOT 847c—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeduthun: 1. prominent Levite over the temple music (1Ch 25:1–6) 2. name in Ps titles (Ps 39:1[EB title]; 62:1[EB title]; 77:1[EB title])+, note: some say this is a kind of music or musical tone, or possibly same as 1.

3350 יַדַּי (yǎd·dǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3035;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaddai: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:43 Q+), note: for K, see 3345

3351 יָדִיד (yā·ḏîḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 3039; TWOT 846a—1. LN 79.9–79.17 lovely, i.e., pertaining to having an attractive appearance (Ps 84:2[EB 1]+); 2. LN 25.33–25.58 beloved, i.e., pertaining to one dearly loved (Dt 33:12; Ps 60:7[EB 5]; 108:7[EB 6]; 127:2; Isa 5:1; Jer 11:15+)

3352 יְדִידָה (yeḏî·ḏā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3040;—LN 93-pers. (female) Jedidah: mother of Josiah (2Ki 22:1+)

3353 יְדִידוֹת (yeḏî·ḏôṯ): n.fem. [oth adj.]; ≡ Str 3038; TWOT 846b—1. LN 25.33–25.58 love, i.e., pertaining to deep affection and commitment (Ps 45:1[EB title]+); 2. LN 33.109–33.116 unit: שִׁיר יְדִידוֹת (šîr yeḏî·ḏôṯ) love song, i.e., a song written for a wedding ceremony (Ps 45:1[EB title]+), see also domain LN 25.33–25.58

3354 יְדִידְיָהּ (yeḏî·ḏeyāh): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3041;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jedidiah: another name for King Solomon (2Sa 12:25+), see also 8976

3355 יְדָיָה (yeḏā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3042;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jedaiah: 1. of Simeon (1Ch 4:37+) 2. a wall builder (Ne 3:10+)

3356 יְדִיעֲאֵל (yeḏî·ʿǎʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3043;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jediael: 1. son of Benjamin (1Ch 7:6, 10, 11+) 2. great warrior for David (1Ch 11:45; 12:21[EB 20]+) 3. gatekeeper (1Ch 26:2+)

ידיתוּן (yḏyṯûn) BDB: see 3357

3357 יְדִיתוּן (yeḏî·ṯûn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3038;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jedithun (Jeduthun NIV): 1Ch 16:38 K+ note: also K at Ne 11:17; Ps 39:1[EB title]; 77:1[EB title], for Q, see 3349

3358 יִדְלָף (yiḏ·lāp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3044;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jidlaph: son of Nahor and nephew of Abraham (Ge 22:22+)

3359 יָדַע (yā·ḏǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 3045; TWOT 848—1. LN 28.1–28.16 (qal) know, i.e., possess information about (Ge 4:9); (nif) become known (Ex 2:14); (piel) show (Job 38:12); 2. LN 27.1–27.26 (qal) find out, i.e., acquire information by whatever means (Dt 13:4[EB 3]); (nif) be aware, discovered (Lev 4:14); (hof) be made aware (Lev 4:23, 28; Isa 12:5+); 3. LN 28.28–28.56 (nif) revealed, i.e., what is well known (Eze 20:5); (hif) reveal, make known (Ge 41:39); (hitp) make oneself known (Ge 45:1; Nu 12:6+); 4. LN 87.19–87.57 (qal pass.) respected, formally, known, i.e., pertaining to having a high status and honor (Dt 1:13, 15+); (nif) respected (Pr 31:23); 5. LN 27.1–27.26 (qal) familiar with, i.e., to acquire information by experience (Isa 53:3); 6. LN 32.1–32.10 (qal) understand, i.e., to comprehend a situation through observation (1Sa 24:12[EB 11]); 7. LN 31.26–31.28 (qal) acknowledge, i.e., to indicate that one knows an object (Dt 33:9); 8. LN 23.61–23.65 (qal) know, i.e., have sexual relations (Ge 4:25); 9. LN 30.39–30.52 (qal) concern, i.e., think about objects or events, with a focus on responding (Ge 39:6); 10. LN 30.86–30.107 (qal) choose, i.e., to select an object for special favor (Ge 18:19); 11. LN 31.14–31.25 (nif) agree, i.e., come to a mutual affirmative position on a subject, based on knowledge (Am 3:3); 12. LN 34.1–34.21 (pual ptcp.) close friends, formally, ones known, i.e., persons closely associated, implying a fondness and regard (2Ki 10:11); 13. LN 33.189–33.217 (hif) tell, make known, i.e., give information to another (Jos 4:22); 14. LN 33.224–33.250 (hif) teach, i.e., provide instruction in a formal or informal setting (Dt 4:9), note: for NIV text in Eze 19:7, see 1548; note: further study may yield more domains

3360 יָדָע (yā·ḏāʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3047;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jada: of Judah, a Jerahmeelite (1Ch 2:28, 32+)

3361 יְדַעְיָה (yeḏǎʿ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3048;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jedaiah: 1. see 3355(1.) 2. head of the 2nd priestly course (1Ch 24:7+) 3. a returnee from captivity (1Ch 9:10; Ne 11:10+) 4. ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:36; Ne 7:39+) 5. priest who returned with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:6, 19+) 6. another priest who returned with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:7, 21+) 7. see 3355(2.) 8. monetary contributor for the rebuilding of the temple (Zec 6:10, 14+)

3362 יִדְּעֹנִי (yid·deʿō·nî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3049; TWOT 848d—LN 33.281–33.285 spiritist, soothsayer, i.e., one who contacts and gains information from a dead spirit (Lev 19:31; 20:6, 27; Dt 18:11; 1Sa 28:3, 9; 2Ki 21:6; 23:24; 2Ch 33:6; Isa 8:19; 19:3+), see also domain LN 53.96–53.101; note: some relate some of the verses to the dead spirit itself and not the medium, see domain LN 12.1–12.42

יְדֻתוּן (yeḏǔ·ṯûn) BDB: see 3349 (2Ch 5:12; 35:15)

3363 יָהּ (yāh): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3050; TWOT 484b—LN 12.9 (true God) Yah: Jeh, the LORD as an euphemism for Adonai (Ex 15:2; 17:16; Ps 68:5[EB 4]–150:6 passim; Isa 12:2; 26:4; 38:11+), note: generally, the poetic form of 3378

3364 יָהַב (yā·hǎḇ): v.—see 2035 an alternate lexical form

3365 יְהָב (yehāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3053; TWOT 849a—LN 22.1–22.14 care, burden, i.e., what is a hardship, and a cause of anxiety and distress (Ps 55:23[EB 22]+)

יהד (yhd) BDB: see 3366

3366 יָהַד (yā·hǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 3054; TWOT 850—LN 11.12–11.54 (hitp ptcp.) become a Jew, i.e., to join the Jewish faith and society by declaring and acting in a certain manner to join a socio-religious group (Est 8:17+), note: this conversion may have been a pretense or genuine. The translation of “fear” as “terror,” or as a “repenting reverence” is crucial

יְהֻד (yehǔḏ) BDB: see 3372

יַהְדַּי (yǎh·dǎy), יֶהְדַּי (yěh·dǎy) BDB: see 3367

3367 יָהְדָּי (yāh·dāy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3056;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jahdai: of Judah, related to Caleb (1Ch 2:47+)

3368 יְהֻדִיָּה (yehǔ·ḏiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3057;—LN 93-pers. (gent.fem.) the Jewess: pertaining to a female Hebrew of the nation of Israel (1Ch 4:18+), note: some parse as adjective

יְהֻדִיָּה (yehǔ·ḏiy·yā(h)): adj.—see 3368

יְהוּא (yehû(ʾ)): see 2093 (Ecc 11:3)

3369 יֵהוּא (yē·hû(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3058;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehu: 1. king of northern kingdom (1Ki 19:16) 2. son of Hanani, a seer (1Ki 16:1, 7, 12, ; 2Ch 19:2; 20:34) 3. of Judah (1Ch 2:38) 4. of Simeon (1Ch 4:35) 5. of Benjamin (1Ch 12:3)

3370 יְהוֹאָחָז (yehô·ʾā·ḥāz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3059;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehoahaz: 1. (Ahaziah NIV) successor of Joram (2Ch 21:17), see also 301, 302 2. successor of Jehu (2Ki 10:35), see also 3407(1.) 3. successor of Josiah (2Ch 36:1), see also 3407(2.), 8935(2.)

3371 יְהוֹאָשׁ (yehô·ʾāš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3060;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehoash: 1. son of Ahaziah, king of Judah (2Ki 12:1[EB 11:21]-19[EB 18] passim; 2Ki 14:13+), see 3409(3.) 2. (Joash NIV) son of Jehoahaz, king of Israel (2Ki 13:10–14:17 passim +), see 3409(4.)

3372 יְהוּד (yehûḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3055;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jehud: town of Dan, (Jos 19:45+)

3373 יְהוּדָה (yehû·ḏā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3063; TWOT 850c—1. LN 93-pers. Judah: 1. son of Jacob-Leah (Ge 29:35) 2. ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 3:9), note: for NIV text in Ezr 3:9, see 2088 3. divorcee from foreign wife (Ezr 10:23) 4. of Benjamin, overseer in Jerusalem (Ne 11:9) 5. returnee from the captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:8) 6. of Judah, dedicator of the restored walls of Jerusalem (Ne 12:34) 7. musician, helping in wall dedication (Ne 12:36) 8. see DBLGrk 2676, DBLGrk 2683 9. (Yaudi NIV) owner of land retaken by Jeroboam (1Ki 14:28), note: some identify as 1; 2. LN 93-pers. (tribe) Jews: pertaining to Judah (Nu 1:7)

יְהוּדָה (yehû·ḏā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3063; TWOT 850c—LN 93-place (loc.) Judah: 1. land of (Dt 34:2) 2. kingdom of (2Ch 11:17)

3374 I. יְהוּדִי (yehû·ḏî): n.pr. [see also 3374.5]; ≡ Str 3064; TWOT 850a—LN 93-pers. (gent.) a Jew, i.e., one from the people of Judah (Est 3:4)

יְהוּדִי (yehû·ḏî): adj. [served by 3374]; ≡ Str 3064; TWOT 850a—LN 93-pers. Judean, Jewish, i.e., pertaining to the people of Judah (Jer 43:9)

3375 II. יְהוּדִי (yehû·ḏî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3065;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehudi: officer of King Jehoiakim (Jer 36:14, 21,23+)

3376 I. יְהוּדִית (yehû·ḏîṯ): adv. [BDB: formally, adj.gent.fem.]; ≡ Str 3066; TWOT 850b—LN 33.1–33.8 in the Hebrew language, i.e., pertaining to speaking in a manner of the language of Judah (2Ki 18:26, 28; 2Ch 32:18; Ne 13:24; Isa 36:11, 13+)

3377 II. יְהוּדִית (yehû·ḏîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3067;—LN 93-pers. (female) Judith: wife of Esau (Ge 26:34+)

3378 יהוה (yhwh): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3068, 3069, 3070, 3071, 3072, 3073, 3074; TWOT 484a—LN 12.9 (true God) (NJB) Yahweh: Jehovah, the LORD as an euphemism for Adonai, most versions the name of the one true God, with a focus on sure existence and His relationship to his covenant persons and peoples (Ex 3:15), see also 3363

יַהוֶה (yhwh) BDB: see 3378

יְהוִה (yhwh): see 3378

3379 יְהוֹזָבָד (yehô·zā·ḇāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3075;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehozabad: 1. assassin of Josiah of Judah (2Ki 12:22[EB 21]; 2Ch 24:26+) 2. Levitical gatekeepers for the temple (1Ch 26:4+) 3. of Benjamin, servant of Jehoshaphat (2Ch 17:18+)

3380 יְהוֹחָנָן (yehô·ḥā·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3076;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehohanan: 1. Levite gatekeeper in David’s day (1Ch 26:3+) 2. military commander for Jehoshaphat (2Ch 17:15+) 3. father of a military commander (2Ch 23:1+), possibly related to 2. 4. ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ne 12:13+) 5. divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:28+) 6. son of Tobiah (Ne 6:18+) 7. priest at the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem (Ne 12:42+) 8. owner of a room (Ezr 10:6+) 9. of Ephraim (2Ch 28:12+) note: there are differences in sources as to the identification of the persons

3381 יְהוֹיָדָע (yehô·yā·ḏāʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3077;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehoiada: 1. father of military commander of David (2Sa 8:18; 23:20) 2. grandson of Jehoiada 1 (1Ch 27:34) 3. priest involved in royal intrigue and enthronement (2Ki 11:4–17) 4. group leader at Hebron, for David, possibly same as 1 (1Ch 12:28[EB 27])

3382 יְהוֹיָכִין (yehô·yā·ḵîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3078;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehoiachin: king of Judah (2Ki 24:6, 8, 12, 15; 25:27; 2Ch 36:8, 9; Jer 52:31+), see also 3422, 3526, 3527, 4037

3383 יְהוֹיָקִים (yehô·yā·qîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3079;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehoiakim: king of Judah (2Ki 23:34), note: for NIV text in Jer 27:1, see 7409, note: some relate to 509(2.)

יְהוֹיָכִן (yehô·yā·ḵin) BDB: see 3382 (Jer 52:31a)

3384 יְהוֹיָרִיב (yehô·yā·rîḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3080;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehoiarib: 1. returnee from captivity (1Ch 9:10+), see also 3424(4.) 2. head of the 1st course of priests (1Ch 24:7+)

3385 יְהוּכַל (yehû·ḵǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3081;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehucal: royal messenger requesting prayer (Jer 37:3+), see also 3426

3386 יְהוֹנָדָב (yehô·nā·ḏāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3082;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehonadab: 1. nephew of David (2Sa 13:5+), see also 3432(1.) 2. son of Recab (2Ki 10:15,23; Jer 35:8, 14, 16, 18+), see also 3432(1.)

3387 יְהוֹנָתָן (yehô·nā·ṯān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3083;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehonathan: 1. Levite teacher of Torah (2Ch 17:8+) 2. priest in the days of Joiakim (Ne 12:18+) 3. (from here on translated “Jonathan” in NIV) grandson of Moses (Jdg 18:30+) 4. son of Saul (1Sa 14:6–2Sa 9:7 passim) see also 3440(2.) 5. nephew of David (2Sa 21:21; 1Ch 20:7+) 6. uncle of David (1Ch 27:32+) 7. one of David’s Thirty (2Sa 23:32+), see also 3440(5.) 8. of Eli, son of Abiathar (2Sa 15:27, 36; 17:17, 20+) see also 3440(6.) 9. one in charge of some of David’sing. storehouses (1Ch 27:25+) 10. owner of converted house into a prison (Jer 37:15, 20; 38:26+)

3388 יְהוֹסֵף (yehô·sēp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3084; TWOT 876a—LN 93-pers. (male) Joseph: another name for the nation of Israel (Ps 81:6[EB 5]+), see also 3441

3389 יְהוֹעַדָּה (yehô·ʿǎd·dā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3085;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehoaddah: of Saul (1Ch 8:36+), see also 3586

יהועדין (yhwʿdyn) BDB: see 3390, 3391

3390 יְהוֹעַדִּין (yehô·ʿǎd·dîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3086;—LN 93-pers. (female) (most versions) Jehoaddin: mother of King Amaziah (2Ki 14:2 K), see also 3391

3391 יְהוֹעַדָּן (yehô·ʿǎd·dān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3086;—LN 93-pers. (female) Jehoaddan: mother of King Amaziah (2Ch 25:1; 2Ki 14:2 Q+) (KJV, NKJV, Tanakh); also (most versions) 2Ch 25:1 (NIV apparently harmonizes w/o changing the text, see 3390)

3392 יְהוֹצָדָק (yehô·ṣā·ḏāq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3087;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehozadak: father of the high priest Joshua (1Ch 5:40[EB 6:14]; 5:41[EB 6:15]; Hag 1:1, 12, 14; 2:2, 4; Zec 6:11+), see also 3449, 10318

3393 יְהוֹרָם (yehô·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3088;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joram: 1. king of Judah, son of Jehoshaphat (1Ki 22:51; 2Ki 1:17b), see also 3456(1.) 2. (Joram NIV) king of northern kingdom, son of Ahab (2Ki 1:17a; 3:1), see also 3456(2.) 3. a priest (2Ch 17:8+)

3394 יְהוֹשֶׁבַע (yehô·šě·ḇǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3089;—LN 93-pers. (female) Jehosheba: daughter of King Jehoram (2Ki 11:2+), see also 3395

3395 יְהוֹשַׁבְעַת (yehô·šǎḇ·ʿǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3090;—LN 93-pers. (female) Jehosheba: daughter of King Jehoram (2Ch 22:11+), see also 3394

יְהוֹשׁוּעַ (yehô·šûaʿ) BDB: see 3397 (Dt 3:21; Jdg 2:7)

3396 יְהוֹשָׁמָע (yehô·šā·māʿ): n.pr.—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehoshama: of Jehoiachin (1Ch 3:18 cj+), see also 2106

3397 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (yehô·šǔaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3091;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joshua: 1. son of Nun (Ex 17:9), see also 3397(1.) 2. owner of field in Beth Shemesh (1Sa 6:14, 18+) 3. governor of Jerusalem in the days of King Josiah (2Ki 23:8+) 4. (Lk 3:29), see DBLGrk 2652 5. a high priest (Hag 1:1–2:4 passim) Zec 3:1–9 passim; 6:11+ see also 3800(5.), see also 2107

יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (yehô·šǔaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3091;—LN 93-place (loc.) Joshua Gate: an entrance area (2Ki 23:8+)

3398 I. יְהוֹשָׁפָט (yehô·šā·p̄āṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3092;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehoshaphat: 1. king of Judah (1Ki 15:24; 22:2–52 passim; 2Ki 1:17) 2. father of the King Jehu of Israel (2Ki 9:2, 14) 3. The recorder in the time of David and Solomon (2Sa 8:16; 20:24; 1Ki 4:3) 4. a district governor in (1Ki 4:17), see also 3399

3399 II. יְהוֹשָׁפָט (yehô·šā·p̄āṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3092;—LN 93-place (terr) Valley of Jehoshaphat: an unidentified valley (Joel 4:2[EB 3:2],12[EB 3:12]+), see also 3398

3400 יָהִיר (yā·hîr): adj.; ≡ Str 3093; TWOT 851a—LN 88.206–88.222 arrogant, haughty, i.e., pertaining to being proud and high-minded, as a moral failure (Pr 21:24; Hab 2:5+)

יַהֵל (yǎ·hēl): see 182 (Isa 13:20)

3401 יְהַלֶּלְאֵל (yehǎl·lěl·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3094;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehallelel: 1. of Judah (1Ch 4:16+) 2. father of cleanser of temple (2Ch 29:12+)

יַהֲלֹם (yǎ·hǎlōm) Lisowsky: see 3402

3402 יָהֲלֹם (yā·hǎlōm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3095; TWOT 502b—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: (NIV) emerald; (KJV, NKJV, NASB, ASV, RSV, NJB) diamond; (NRSV) moonstone; (Tanakh) amethyst; (Lisowsky) jasper?; (NAB) beryl; (NEB, REB) jade (Ex 28:18; 39:11; Eze 28:13+) note: exact identification not certain

3403 יַהַץ (yǎ·hǎṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3096;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jahaz: Levitical town of Reuben, E of the Jordan (Nu 21:23; Dt 2:32; Jos 13:18; 21:36; Jdg 11:20; Isa 15:4; Jer 48:34+)

3404 יַהְצָה (yǎh·ṣā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3096;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jahzah: Levitical town of Reuben (1Ch 6:63[EB 78]; Jer 48:21+)

3405 יוֹאָב (yô·ʾāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3097;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joab: 1. of Judah (1Ch 4:14+) 2. ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:6; 8:9; Ne 7:11+) 3. son of David’s sister Zeruiah, commander-in-chief of David’sing. armies (2Sa 2:13–3:31 passim); also part of a compound name, Atroth Beth Joab, see 6502

3406 יוֹאָח (yô·ʾāḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3098;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joah: 1. scribe in the days of King Hezekiah (2Ki 18:18, 26, 37; Isa 36:3, 11, 22+) 2. of Levi, in the time of King Hezekiah (1Ch 6:6[EB 21]; 2Ch 29:12+) 3. gatekeeper in the days of King David (1Ch 26:4+) 4. scribe in the days of King Josiah (2Ch 34:8+)

3407 יוֹאָחָז (yô·ʾā·ḥāz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3099;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joahaz: 1. (Jehoahaz NIV) successor of Jehu (2Ki 14:1+), see 3370(2.) 2. successor of Josiah (2Ch 36:2, 4+), see 3370(3.) 3. father of Joah (2Ch 34:8+)

3408 יוֹאֵל (yô·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3100;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joel: 1. son of Pethuel, a writing prophet (Joel 1:1+) 2. ancestor of Samuel (1Ch 6:21[EB 36]+), see also 8620(3.) 3. son of Samuel (1Sa 8:2; 1Ch 6:13[EB 28]; 18[EB 33]; 1Ch 15:17+) 4. of Simeon (1Ch 4:35+) 5. of Reuben (1Ch 5:4, 8+) 6. of Gad (1Ch 5:12+) 7. of Issachar (1Ch 7:3+) 8. a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:38+) 9. Levite in David’s time (1Ch 23:8+) 10. officer over tribe of Manasseh (1Ch 26:22; 27:20+) 11. Levite in the time of King Hezekiah of Judah (2Ch 29:12+) 12. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:43+) 13. An overseer of Nehemiah’sing. time, a Benjamite (Ne 11:9+) 14. of Gershon (15:7, 11+), note: possibly same as 9.

3409 יוֹאָשׁ (yô·ʾāš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3101;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joash: 1. father of Gideon (Jdg 6:11–8:32 passim+) 2. son of Ahab (1.) (1Ki 22:26; 2Ch 18:25) 3. son of Ahaziah, king of Judah (2Ki 11:2; 13:10), see also 3371(1.) 4. (Jehoash NIV) son of Jehoahaz, king of Israel (2Ki 13:9), see 3371(2.)

3410 יוֹב (yôḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3102;—LN 93-pers. (male) Iob: of Issachar (Ge 46:13+) note: for NIV text, see 3793

3411 I. יוֹבָב (yô·ḇāḇ): n.pr. [KB, Holladay: n.people]; ≡ Str 3103;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jobab: of Shem (Ge 10:29; 1Ch 1:23+), see also 3412

3412 II. יוֹבָב (yô·ḇāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3103;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jobab: 1. king of Edom (Ge 36:33, 34; 1Ch 1:44, 45+) 2. king of Madon (Jos 11:1+) 3. of Benjamin, son of Shaharaim (1Ch 8:9+) 4. of Benjamin, son of Elpaal (1Ch 8:18+), see also 3411

3413 יוֹבֵל (yô·ḇēl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3104; TWOT 835e—1. LN 4.1–4.37 ram, i.e., a mature male sheep old enough to have a sizable horn (Jos 6:5); 2. LN 8.17 ram’s horn, i.e., bony outgrowth of certain animals, when hollowed out can be a calling instrument (Ex 19:13); 3. LN 67.163–67.200 jubilee year, i.e., a beginning year of a 50 years cycle, releasing temporary obligations to their permanent, original owners, as a definite unit of time (Lev 25:10–27:24 passim)

3414 I. יוּבַל (yû·ḇǎl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3105; TWOT 835b—LN 1.69–1.78 watercourse, irrigation canal, i.e., a relatively small stream of water for domestic trees (Jer 17:8+)

3415 II. יוּבַל (yû·ḇǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3106;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jubal: of Cain, through Lamech (Ge 4:21+)

3416 יוֹזָבָד (yô·zā·ḇāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3107;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jozabad: 1. great warrior for David, of Benjamin (1Ch 12:5[EB 4]+) 2. great warrior for David, of Manasseh (1Ch 21a[EB 20a]+) 3. another great warrior for David, of Manasseh (1Ch 21b[EB 20b]+) 4. a Levite overseer (2Ch 31:13+) 5. another Levite leader, in Josiah’s time (2Ch 35:9+) 6. assassin of King Joash (2Ki 12:22[EB 21]+), see also 2274(4.), note: for alt. text, see 3417 7. a Levite treasurer (Ezr 8:33+) 8. a divorcee priest (Ezr 10:22+) 9. a divorcee Levite (Ezr 10:23+) 10. a Levite instructor of Torah (Ne 8:7+) 11. another Levite chief (Ne 11:16+)

3417 יוֹזָכָר (yô·zā·ḵār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3108;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jozachar (2Ki 12:22[EB 21]), note: see also 3416; 2Ch 24:26, see also 2274

3418 יוֹחָא (yô·ḥā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3109;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joha: 1. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:16+) 2. great warrior for David (1Ch 11:45+)

3419 יוֹחָנָן (yô·ḥā·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3110;—LN 93-pers. (male) Johanan: 1. military leader, in the time of Jeremiah the prophet (2Ki 25:23; Jer 40:8–43:5 passim+) 2. son of King Josiah (1Ch 3:15+) 3. of David, in the royal line (1Ch 3:24+) 4. priest who served in the temple (1Ch 5:35[EB 6:9],36[EB 6:10]+) 5. of Benjamin, a warrior for David (1Ch 12:5[EB 4]+) 6. of Gad, a warrior for David (1Ch 12:13[EB 12]+) 7. see also 3380(9.) 8. returnee from captivity with Ezra (Ezr 8:12) 9. grandson of Eliashib (Ne 12:22, 23+)

יוּטָה (yû·ṭā(h)) BDB: see 3420

3420 יוּטָּה (yûṭ·ṭā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3194;—LN 93-place (loc.) Juttah: town in the hill country of Judah (Jos 15:55; 21:16+, note: the NIV inserts in the MT at 1Ch 6:44[EB 59] as per other ancient versions)

3421 יוֹיָדָע (yô·yā·ḏāʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3111;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joiada: 1. wall builder in Jerusalem with Nehemiah (Ne 3:6+) 2. son of the priest Eliashib (Ne 12:10, 11, 22; 13:28+), see also 3423

3422 יוֹיָכִין (yô·yā·ḵîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3112;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehoiachin: king of Judah (Eze 1:2+), see also 3382

3423 יוֹיָקִים (yô·yā·qîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3113;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joiakim: father of the high priest Eliashib (Ne 12:10,12, 26+), cf. also 3421(2.)

3424 יוֹיָרִיב (yô·yā·rîḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3114;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joiarib: 1. 3384(1.) 2. one sent to by Ezra to find some Levites (Ezr 8:16+) 3. of Judah, settlers in Jerusalem (Ne 11:5+) 4. priest in Nehemiah’s day (Ne 11:10; 12:6+), see also 3384(1.)

3425 יוֹכֶבֶד (yô·ḵě·ḇěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3115;—LN 93-pers. (female) Jochebed: of Levi, mother of Aaron, Moses, and Miriam (Ex 6:20; Nu 26:59+)

3426 יוּכַל (yû·ḵǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3116;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehucal: royal messenger requesting prayer (Jer 38:1+), see also 3385

3427 I. יוֹם (yôm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3117; TWOT 852—1. LN 67.163–67.200 day, i.e., a unit of time reckoned from sunset to the next sunset, including two or more segments (morning and evening) about 24 hours (Ge 1:5), cf. also 3429; 2. LN 67.163–67.200 day, i.e., the period of time which has light (Ge 1:5); 3. LN 67.142–67.162 time period, formally, day, i.e., an indefinite time period, ranging from relatively short to very long, years and beyond (Ex 2:23); 4. LN 14.36–14.52 daylight, i.e., the light of the sun as an extension of day as the time which has light (Jer 6:4); 5. LN 67.201–67.208 unit: הַ־ יוֹם (hǎ- yôm)1 today, i.e., the same day as the day of the discourse (Ge 4:14); 6. LN 67.78–67.117 unit: אַרְבַּע יוֹם וְ־ אַרְבַּע לַיְלָה (ʾǎr·bǎʿ yôm w- ʾǎr·bǎʿ lǎy·lā(h)) long time, formally, forty days and forty nights, i.e., a relatively long indefinite period of time (Ex 34:28), note: some sources do not take as an idiom; 7. LN 67.78–67.141 unit: יוֹם יוֹם (yôm yôm)1 day after day, i.e., a relatively long period of time (Ge 39:10); 8. LN 67.78–67.141 unit: אֹרֶךְ יוֹם (ʾō·rěḵ yôm)1 a long time (Dt 30:20; Ps 21:5; 91:16; Pr 3:2; Pr 3:16; La 5:20); 9. LN 67.95 unit: אֹרֶךְ יוֹם (ʾō·rěḵ yôm)1 forever (Ps 23:6; 93:5); 10. LN 23.129–23.141 unit: ךְּ־ יוֹם ־ךָ (k- yôm ḵā), דֹּבֶא ־ךָ (dō·ḇě(ʾ) ḵā) healthy life, formally, as your days, your strength, i.e., all one’s life he will have strength as a youth would (Dt 33:25+); 11. LN 67.142–67.162 unit: בְּ־ דְּמִי יוֹם (b- demî yôm)1 time of mid.-life, halfway point in life, i.e., a prime time of life (Isa 38:10+); 12. LN 23.109–23.128 unit: יוֹם זָעַךְ (yôm zā·ʿǎḵ) be near death, formally, days be extinguished, i.e., to have one’s life cut short (Job 17:1+), see also domain LN 14.63–14.73; 13. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: יוֹם (yôm) … זֶרַע (zě·rǎʿ) planting time, i.e., a time seed is placed in the ground (Ge 8:22); 14. LN 22.1–22.14 unit: יוֹם חֹשֶׁךְ (yôm ḥō·šěḵ) time of distress, formally, day of darkness (Job 15:23); 15. LN 67.78–67.141 unit: כֹּל הַ־ יוֹם (kōl hǎ- yôm)1 always, i.e., a duration of time, either continuous or points, but without limits (Dt 5:29; 1Ki 5:15[EB 1]); 16. LN 67.1–67.16 unit: כֹּל הַ־ יוֹם (kōl hǎ- yôm)1 regularly, i.e., a points of time connected to regular intervals (Job 1:5); 17. LN 51 unit: יוֹם (הַ־) כִּפֻּרִים (yôm (hǎ-) kip·pǔ·rîm) Day of Atonement, Yom Kippur, i.e., a national festival day of rest and full atonement or expiation (Lev 23:27, 28; 25:9+); 18. LN 67.78–67.141 unit: לַיְלָה וְ־ יוֹם (lǎy·lā(h) w- yôm)1 continually, constantly, formally, night and day, i.e., a duration of time without limits (1Ki 8:29); 19. LN 67.142–67.162 unit: מִדָּה יוֹם (mid·dā(h) yôm)1 length of a life, formally, size of days, i.e., an indefinite unit of time referring to the rest of one’s life (Ps 39:5[EB 4]+); 20. LN 67.65–67.72 unit: יוֹם מוּסָד (yôm mû·sāḏ) beginning time, formally, day of laying a foundation stone, i.e., the beginning of a duration (2Ch 8:16+); 21. LN 9.1–9.23 unit: מָלֵא יוֹם (mā·lē(ʾ) yôm)1 very old, formally, full of days, i.e., a person late in the sunset years of life, one very aged as a class of persons either male or female (Jer 6:11); 22. LN 67.78–67.141 unit: קָצֵר יוֹם (qā·ṣēr yôm)1 short timed, i.e., pertaining to a relatively brief period of time (Job 14:1+), note: in context this is a lifetime-of-years length; 23. LN 22.15–22.20 unit: קָשֶׁה יוֹם (qā·šě(h) yôm)1 trouble, formally, hard of days, i.e., the experience of difficulty and hardship (Job 30:25+); 24. LN 14.1–14.3 unit: שֶׁלֶג הַ־ יוֹם (šě·lěḡ hǎ- yôm)1 snowy day, i.e., a day of cold, precipitous weather, forcing animals into burrows, pits, or cisterns (2Sa 23:20; 1Ch 11:22+); 25. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: זֶה יוֹם אוֹ זֶה שָׁנָה (zě(h) yôm ʾô zě(h) šā·nā(h))2 over a year, i.e., pertaining to a time over one complete year (1Sa 29:3); 26. LN 67.142–67.162 unit: יוֹם שָׁנָה (yôm šā·nā(h))2 lifetime, i.e., an undetermined period of time comprising a lifetime (Ecc 6:3); 27. LN 67.201–67.208 unit: יוֹם שֵׁנִי (yôm šē·nî) next day, i.e., the day after a prior referenced day (Jer 41:4); 28. LN 67.201–67.208 unit: יוֹם (yôm) … תּוֹכֵחָה (tô·ḵē·ḥā(h)) time of chastisement, formally, day of rebuke (2Ki 19:3; Isa 37:3; Hos 5:9+), note: further study may yield more domains

3428 II. יוֹם (yôm): n.masc.—see 3427 storm (SS 2:17); wind (Zep 2:2a); breath (Job 30:25)

3429 יוֹמָם (yô·mām): adv.; ≡ Str 3119; TWOT 852a—1. LN 67.163–67.200 in the daytime, by day, i.e., pertaining to an action done in the time when the sun is up (Ex 13:21a), note: cf. also 3426; 2. LN 67.78–67.141 unit: יוֹמָם וְ־ לַיְלָה (yô·mām w- lǎy·lā(h)) continually, formally, by day and night, i.e., a constant period of time without interruption (Ex 13:21b; Ps 1:2)

יוֹמָם (yô·mām): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3119; TWOT 852a—LN 67.163–67.200 day, daytime, i.e., a definite period of time when the sun is up (Jer 15:9)

3430 יָוָן (yā·wān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3120; TWOT 855—LN 93-pers. 1. (male) Javan: son of and grandson of Noah through Japheth (Ge 10:2, 4; 1Ch 1:5, 7+), see also next; 2. (gent.) the people of Javan, i.e., Ionian Greeks (Isa 66:19; Eze 27:13, 19; Da 8:21; 10:20; 11:2; Zec 9:13+), see also 3436; note: for Eze 27:19 cj, see 751

3431 יָוֵן (yā·wēn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3121; TWOT 853a—LN 2.14–2.28 mire, muck, i.e., mud or wet sediment which has very sticky and filthy characteristics (Ps 40:3[EB 2]; 69:3[EB 2]+)

3432 יוֹנָדָב (yô·nā·ḏāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3122;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jonadab: 1. nephew of David (2Sa 13:3,32, 35+), see also 3386(1.) 2. son of Recab (Jer 35:6, 10, 19+), see also 3386(2.)

3433 I. יוֹנָה (yô·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3123; TWOT 854a—LN 4.38–4.46 ceremonially clean domestic bird, acceptable for sacrifice: pigeon of the Columbidae bird family (Lev 5:7), note: in non-Levitical passages “dove” is the translation choice, DStreptopelia turtur,D but this is likely an anomaly in English, i.e., one would not want to kill a dove (with its emblematic associations), nor on the other hand have the “eyes of a pigeon.” (SS 1:15)

3434 II. יוֹנָה (yô·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3124;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jonah: son of Amittai, a writing prophet (2Ki 14:25; Jnh 1:1–4:9 passim+)

3435 III. יוֹנָה (yô·nā(h)): n.fem. [oth qal act.ptcp.fem.]; ≡ Str 3238; TWOT 873—LN 39.45–39.46 oppressor, i.e., one who pursues, represses and subjugates another (Jer 25:38; 46:16; 50:16; Zep 3:1+) note: see also 3561; note: Ps 123:4 see 1456

3436 יְוָנִי (yewā·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3125;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Javanite (the Greeks NIV): pertaining to Javan (Joel 4:6[EB 3:6]+), see also 3430(2.)

3437 יוֹנֵק (yô·nēq): n.masc. [BDB qal ptcp.masc.sing.]; ≡ Str 3126; TWOT 874a—1. LN 9.41–9.45 infant, suckling, i.e., a nursing infant (Nu 11:12; Dt 32:25; 1Sa 15:3; 22:19; Ps 8:3[EB 2]; SS 8:1; Isa 11:8; Jer 44:7; La 2:11; 4:4; Joel 2:16+), note: some place SS 8:1 as verb, see 3567; 2. LN 3.47–3.59 tender shoot, sucker, i.e., the very beginning stages of the growth of a plant (Isa 53:2+)

3438 יוֹנֶקֶת (yô·ně·qěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3127; TWOT 874b—LN 3.47–3.59 new plant shoot, i.e., a young shoot of vegetation (Job 8:16; 14:7; 15:30; Ps 80:12[EB 11]; Eze 17:22; Hos 14:7[EB 6]+)

3439 יוֹנַת אֵלֶם רְחֹקִים (yô·nǎṯ ʾē·lěm reḥō·qîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3128;—LN 33.35–33.68 (as a title) KJV, “Jonathelemrechokim;” NASB, Tanakh, “Jonat(h) elem rehokim;” NAB, “Jonath … rehokim;” translated variously; NIV cf. REB, “a Dove on the Distant Oaks;” RSV, NRSV, “The Dove on Far-off Terebinths;” NKJV, The Silent Dove in Distant Lands;” NJB, “The oppression of distant princes” (Ps 56:1[EB title]+), note: what this refers to is much debated; see also BHS ftn

3440 יוֹנָתָן (yô·nā·ṯān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3129;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jonathan: 1. see 3387(3.) 2. son of Saul (1Sa 13:2–14:49 passim; 1Sa 19:1; 1Ch 10:2+) see also 3387(4.) 3. see 3387(5.) 4. see 3387(6.) 5. one of David’s Thirty (1Ch 11:34+) see also 3387(7.) 6. of Eli, son of Abiathar (1Ki 1:42, 43+) see also 3387(8.) 7. of Judah and Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:32, 33+) 8. see 3387(9.) 9. father of a returnee from captivity (Ezr 8:6+) 10. opponent of Ezra’sing. policy on mixed marriages (Ezr 10:15+) 11. of Joshua, Levite in Nehemiah’sing. time (Ne 12:11+) 12. head of a priestly family in the time of Nehemiah (Ne 12:14+) 13. father of Zechariah (Ne 12:35+) 14. see 3387(10.) 15. son of Kareah (Jer 40:8+)

3441 יוֹסֵף (yô·sēp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3130;—LN 93-pers. Joseph: (male) 1. son of Jacob-Rachel (Ge 30:24–50:26 passim), see also 3388, 7624, DBLGrk 2737(1.), see also next entry 2. of Issachar, explorer of the land (Nu 13:7+) 3. son of Asaph, temple musician (1Ch 25:2, 9+) 4. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:42+) 5. priestly head returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:14+) 6. see DBLGrk 2737(1–9) 7. (tribe) Joseph: tribe (or house) related to prior entry 1 (Jos 24:32; Jdg 1:35; Am 6:6; Zec 10:6) 8. the northern divided kingdom of Israel (Am 5:6) 9. the entire nation of Israel (Ps 80:2[EB 1])

3442 יוֹסִפְיָה (yô·sip̄·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3131;—LN 93-pers. (male) Josiphiah: father of some returnees from captivity with Ezra (Ezr 8:10+)

3443 יוֹעֵאלָה (yô·ʿē(ʾ)·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3132;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joelah: of Benjamin, warrior for David (1Ch 12:8[EB 7]+)

3444 יוֹעֵד (yô·ʿēḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3133;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joed: of Benjamin (Ne 11:7+)

3445 יוֹעֶזֶר (yô·ʿě·zěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3134;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joezer: of Benjamin, a warrior for David (1Ch 12:7[EB 6]+)

3446 יוֹעֵץ (yô·ʿēṣ): n.masc. [KB, BDB: qal act.ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 3289; TWOT 887—LN 33.294–33.298 counselor, adviser, i.e., one who speaks and urges certain directions of actions or thought, implying the advice given is considered wise and valuable (2Sa 15:12; 1Ch 26:14; 27:32, 33; 2Ch 22:3, 4; 25:16; Ezr 4:5; 7:28; 8:25; Job 3:14; 12:17; Pr 11:14; 15:22; 24:6; Isa 1:26; 3:3; 9:5[EB 6]; 19:11; 41:28; Mic 4:9+)

3447 יוֹעָשׁ (yô·ʿāš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3135;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joash: 1. grandson of Benjamin (1Ch 7:8+) 2. officer in charge of olive oil stores (1Ch 27:28+)

3448 יוֹצֵאת (yô·ṣē(ʾ)ṯ): n.fem. [BDB: qal act.ptcp.fem.]; ≡ Str 3318; TWOT 893—LN 85.67–85.85 captive, i.e., one going out of the land into captivity and exile, so changing one’s place of habitation (Ps 144:14+), note: some translate the “going out” as the miscarriage of cattle, see also domain LN 23.46–23.60

3449 יוֹצָדָק (yô·ṣā·ḏāq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3136;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jozadak: father of the high priest Joshua (Ezr 3:2, 8; 10:18; Ne 12:26+), see also 3392, 10318

3450 יוֹצֵר (yô·ṣēr): n.masc. [BDB: qal act.ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 3335; TWOT 898—LN 45 potter, i.e., one who constructs clay, earthen objects and containers (2Sa 17:28; 1Ch 4:23; Ps 2:9; Isa 29:16; 30:14; 41:25; 45:9; 64:7[EB 8]; Jer 18:2, 3, 4,6; 19:1, 11; La 4:2; Zec 11:13+), note: Isa 29:16b; 45:9b; 64:7[EB 8] some place as qal ptcp. masc.sing. of 3670

3451 יוֹקִים (yô·qîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3079, 3137;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jokim: of Judah (1Ch 4:22+)

3452 I. יוֹרֶה (yô·rě(h)): n.masc. [KB, BDB: qal act.ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 3384; TWOT 910—LN 55.7–55.13 archer, i.e., a soldier who fights with bow and arrow (1Ch 10:3; 2Ch 35:23+), note: Lisowsky switches 1 and 2

3453 II. יוֹרֶה (yô·rě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3138; TWOT 910a—LN 67.163–67.200 autumn, the fall, i.e., the season of the early rains, stated as from late Oct. to early Dec. (Dt 11:14; Jer 5:24 Q+), see also domain LN 14.10–14.14

3454 יוֹרָה (yô·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3088, 3139;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jorah: ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:18+) see also 3040

3455 יוֹרַי (yô·rǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3140;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jorai: of Gad (1Ch 5:13+)

3456 יוֹרָם (yô·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3141;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joram: 1. (Jehoram NIV) king of Judah, son of Jehoshaphat (2Ki 8:21, 23, 24; 11:2; 1Ch 3:11+), see also 3393(1.) 2. king of northern kingdom, son of Ahab (2Ki 8:16, 25, 28,29; 9:14,16,29; 2Ch 22:5, 7+), see also 3393(2.) 3. son of Tou, king of Hamath (2Sa 8:10+), see also 2067(2.) 4. descendant of Levi (1Ch 26:25+)

יוֹרֵשׁ (yô·rēš): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 3769]; ≡ Str 3141;—LN 57.125–57.141 heir, i.e., one who receives an inheritance (2Sa 14:7; Jer 8:10; Isa 49:1a, 2b; Mic 1:15+)

3457 יוּשַׁב חֶסֶד (yû·šǎḇ ḥě·sěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3142;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jushab-Hesed: son of the Zerubbabel, returnee from captivity (1Ch 3:20+)

3458 יוֹשִׁבְיָה (yô·šiḇ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3143;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joshibiah: of Simeon (1Ch 4:35+)

3459 יוֹשָׁה (yô·šā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3144;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joshah: of Simeon (1Ch 4:34+)

3460 יוֹשַׁוְיָה (yô·šǎw·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3145;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joshaviah: great warrior for David (1Ch 11:46+)

3461 יוֹשָׁפָט (yô·šā·p̄āṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3146;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joshaphat: 1. a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:43+) 2. trumpet-blowing priest (1Ch 15:24+)

3462 יוֹתָם (yô·ṯām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3147;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jotham: 1. king of Judah (2Ki 15:5, 7, 30, 32, 36, 38; 2Ki 16:1; 1Ch 3:12; 5:17; 2Ch 26:21, 23; 27:1, 6, 7, 9; Isa 1:1; 7:1; Hos 1:1; Mic 1:1+) 2. The youngest son of Jerub-Baal, or Gideon (Jdg 9:5, 7, 21, 57+) 3. of Judah and Caleb (1Ch 2:47+)

3463 יוֹתֵר (yô·ṯēr): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.] [see also 3463.5]; ≡ Str 3148; TWOT 936d—1. LN 65.40–65.51 advantage, i.e., what is a state of benefit (Ecc 2:15; 6:8, 11; 7:11+); 2. LN 63.21–63.22 the rest, remainder, i.e., what is in relation to a whole or part (1Sa 15:15; 1Ch 18:4+); 3. LN 89.92–89.104 in addition to, i.e., a marker of an addition, implying an encroachment or substitution of something (Ecc 12:12+)

יוֹתֵר (yô·ṯēr): adv. [served by 3463]; ≡ Str 3148; TWOT 936d—1. LN 89.92–89.104 not only, besides, i.e., a marker of an addition (Ecc 12:9+), note: 1Ch 18:4 some parse as hif act. ptcp. masc.sing. of 3855; 2. LN 78.28–78.39 more than, i.e., a marker of a comparative degree (Est 6:6; Ecc 7:16+)

יוֹתֶרֶת (yô·ṯě·rěṯ): see 3866

יזואל (yzwʾl) BDB: see 3464

3464 יְזוּאֵל (yezû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3149;—LN 93-pers. (male) K Jezuel: of Benjamin, a warrior for David (1Ch 12:3 K+), note: for Q see also 3465, note: none of the versions surveyed seem to support this reading

3465 יְזִיאֵל (yezî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3149;—LN 93-pers. (male) (most versions) Jeziel: of Benjamin, a warrior for David (1Ch 12:3 Q+), note: for K see also 3464

3466 יִזִּיָּה (yiz·ziy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3150;—LN 93-pers. (male) Izziah: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:25+)

3467 יָזִיז (yā·zîz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3151;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaziz: chief shepherd for David (1Ch 27:31+)

3468 יִזְלִיאָה (yiz·lî·ʾā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3152;—LN 93-pers. (male) Izliah: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:18+)

יזן (yzn): see 3469

3469 יָזַן (yā·zǎn): v.; ≡ Str 2109; TWOT 539—LN 25.12–25.32 (pual ptcp.) be lusty, be in the rut, i.e., to have strong instinctual, animal, sexual desires (Jer 5:8+), for K in some MSS (see BHS ftn), see 2315

3470 יְזַנְיָה (yezǎn·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3153;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jezaniah: military officer (Jer 42:1+)

3471 יְזַנְיָהוּ (yezǎn·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3153;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jezaniahu (Jaazaniah NIV): leader who called on Gedaliah (Jer 40:8+), see also 3280(1.)

3472 יֶזַע (yě·zǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3154; TWOT 857a—LN 8.70–8.77 perspiration, sweat, fluid of the body to regulate temperature, likely regarded as unclean (Eze 44:18+)

3473 יִזְרָח (yiz·rāḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3155;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Izrahite: pertaining to an unknown clan or town called Izrah (1Ch 27:8+)

3474 יִזְרַחְיָה (yiz·rǎḥ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3156;—LN 93-pers. (male) Izrahiah: 1. of Issachar (1Ch 7:3+) 2. (Jezrahiah NIV): choir leader (Ne 12:42+)

3475 I. יִזְרְעֶאל (yiz·reʿě(ʾ)l): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3157; TWOT 582e—LN 93-pers. (male) Jezreel: 1. of Judah (1Ch 4:3+) 2. son of the prophet Hosea (Hos 1:5+)

3476 II. יִזְרְעֶאל (yiz·reʿě(ʾ)l): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3157;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jezreel: 1. site, from which David got his wife Ahinoam (1Sa 25:43+) 2. site of Judah (Jos 15:56), note: possibly same as 1. 3. town of Issachar, W of the base of Mt. Gilboa, (Jos 19:18) 4. valley below the city (3.) (Jos 17:16; Jdg 6:33; Hos 1:5)

3477 יִזְרְעֵאלִי (yiz·reʿē(ʾ)·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3158, 3159;—LN 93-pers. (gent. masc. and fem.) Jezreelite 1. pertaining to Jezreel of Ahinoam (1Sa 27:3; 30:5; 2Sa 2:2; 3:2; 1Ch 3:1), see 3476(1.) 2. pertaining to Jezreel of Naboth and Ahab (1Ki 21:1–16 passim; 2Ki 9:21, 25+), see 3476(3.)

יִזְרְעֵאלִית (yiz·reʿē(ʾ)·lîṯ) BDB: n.pr.fem.—see 3477

יֹחָא (yō·ḥā(ʾ)) Holladay: see 3418 (1Ch 11:45+)

יחבה (yḥbh) BDB: see 3478

3478 יְחֻבָּה (yeḥǔb·bā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3160;—LN 93-pers. (male) (KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASB, RSV, NEB, REB, NAB) Jehubbah: of Asher (1Ch 7:34 K+), note: for Q, see 2465

יחד (yḥd): see 3479

3479 יָחַד (yā·ḥǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 3161; TWOT 858—1. LN 34.22–34.30 (qal) join, be united, i.e., enter into an association with a person or group (Ge 49:6; Isa 14:20+); 2. LN 31.82–31.101 unit: (piel) יָחַד לֵבָב (yā·ḥǎḏ lē·ḇāḇ) undivided heart, i.e., pertaining to being faithful and trustworthy in belief and behavior, as an extension of being in close association to a person or group (Ps 86:11+), note: Job 3:6 MT text is qal impf. 3ms., see GK parsing as 2526 nif

3480 יַחַד (yǎ·ḥǎḏ): adv. [see also 3480.5]; ≡ Str 3162; TWOT 858b—1. LN 63.1–63.4 together, wholly, in unity, with each other, i.e., pertaining to being whole and in a state of oneness (Ps 133:1), note: often a strengthened position; 2. LN 92.26 each other, i.e., a marker of reciprocation between two persons or groups (1Sa 17:10); 3. LN 59.23–59.34 both, alike, i.e., a unity and totality of exactly two of class, kind, or entity (2Sa 14:16); 4. LN 67.17–67.64 at the same time, now, all at once, i.e., a period of time exactly or virtually the same as another period of time (Isa 42:14); 5. LN 34.1–34.21 united, i.e., pertaining to joining in an association (1Ch 12:18[EB 17]); 6. LN 78.44–78.50 completely, i.e., pertaining to a degree of completeness and fullness (Ps 74:8); 7. LN 69.2–69.6 unit: לֹא יַחַד (lō(ʾ) yǎ·ḥǎḏ) by no means, surely not, certainly not, i.e., a marker of emphatic negation (Hos 11:7)

יַחַד (yǎ·ḥǎḏ): n.[masc.] [served by 3480]; ≡ Str 3162; TWOT 858b—LN 11.1–11.11 a gathering, i.e., a united group (Dt 33:5; 1Ch 12:18[EB 17]+)

3481 יַחְדָּו (yǎḥ·dāw): adv.; ≡ Str 3162; TWOT 858b—1. LN 63.1–63.4 together, wholly, in unity, with each other, all, with one accord, i.e., pertaining to being whole and in a state of oneness (Ge 22:6), note: often a strengthened position; 2. LN 59.23–59.34 both, alike, i.e., a unity and totality of exactly two of class, kind, or entity (Dt 12:22); 3. LN 78.44–78.50 completely, altogether, i.e., pertaining to a degree of completeness and fullness (Ps 19:10[EB 9]); 4. LN 92.26 each other, i.e., a marker of reciprocation between to persons or groups (Job 9:32); 5. LN 67.17–67.64 at the same time, now, all at once, together, i.e., a period of time exactly or virtually the same as another period of time (Isa 40:5); 6. LN 89.92–89.104 alike, as well as, also, i.e., a marker of an additional relation (Jer 31:13)

3482 יַחְדּוֹ (yǎḥ·dô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3163;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jahdo: of Gad (1Ch 5:14+), note: for v.l. noted in BDB, see 3483

3483 יַחְדֹי (yǎḥ·ḏōy): n.pr.—LN 93-pers. (male) Jahdoi: of Gad (1Ch 5:14+), note: for BHS text, see 3482

3484 יַחְדִּיאֵל (yǎḥ·dî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3164;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jahdiel: of Manasseh (1Ch 5:24+)

3485 יֶחְדְּיָהוּ (yěḥ·deyā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3165;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehdeiahu (Jehdeiah NIV): 1. Levite in David’s day (1Ch 24:20+) 2. royal servant over donkeys (1Ch 27:30+)

יַחְדָּיו (yǎḥ·dāyw): see 3481

יחואל (yḥwʾl) or יְחַוְאֵל (yeḥǎw·ʾēl) BDB: see 3486

3486 יְחוּאֵל (yeḥû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3171;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehuel: of Heman (2Ch 29:14 K+, note: for Q, see 3493)

3487 יַחֲזִיאֵל (yǎ·ḥǎzî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3166;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jahaziel: 1. of Benjamin (1Ch 12:5[EB 4]+) 2. priest who accompanied the ark to Jerusalem (1Ch 16:6+) 3. Levite appointed by David (1Ch 23:19; 24:23+) 4. prophesying Levite of Judean King Jehoshaphat (2Ch 20:14+) 5. father of returnee from captivity (Ezr 8:5+)

3488 יַחְזְיָה (yǎḥ·zeyā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3167;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jahzeiah: one who opposed Ezra about mixed marriages (Ezr 10:15+)

3489 יְחֶזְקֵאל (yeḥěz·qē(ʾ)l): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3168;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ezekiel: 1. prophet and priest of Israel (Eze 1:3; 24:24+) 2. Jehezkel: priest in 20th course of service (1Ch 24:16+)

3490 יְחִזְקִיָּה (yeḥiz·qiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3169;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hezekiah: 1. ancestor of returnee from captivity (Ezr 2:16+), see also 2624(3.) 2. king of Judah (Hos 1:1; Mic 1:1+), see also 2624(1.), 2625, 3491(2.)

3491 יְחִזְקִיָּהוּ (yeḥiz·qiy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3169;—LN 93-pers. (male) Hezekiahu (Hezekiah NIV): 1. king of Judah (2Ki 20:10; 2Ch 28:12–33:3 passim), see also 2624(1.), 2625, 3490(2.) 2. Hezekiah (Jehizkiah NIV) : leader of Ephraim (2Ch 28:12+)

3492 יַחְזֵרָה (yǎḥ·zē·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3170;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jahzerah: priest (1Ch 9:12+), possibly cf. 6475(5.)

3493 יְחִיאֵל (yeḥî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3171;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehiel: 1. Levite musician and treasurer for David (1Ch 15:18, 20; 16:5; 23:8; 29:8+), see also 3494 2. tutor for the sons of David (1Ch 27:32+) 3. son of King Jehoshaphat (2Ch 21:2+) 4. Levite supervisor to repair of the temple storerooms (2Ch 29:14[ Q for K, see 3486]; 31:13+) 5. temple officer in time of King Josiah (2Ch 35:8+) 6. returnee with Ezra from captivity (Ezr 8:9+) 7. father of divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:2+) 8. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:21+) 9. another divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:26+)

3494 יְחִיאֵלִי (yeḥî·ʾē·lî): n.pr. [BDB: M.]; ≡ Str 3172;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Jehieli: Levite musician and treasurer for David (1Ch 26:21, 22+), see also 3493(1.)

3495 יָחִיד (yā·ḥîḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 3173; TWOT 858a—1. LN 58.52 only unique child, i.e., pertaining to a child very special in the eyes of the parent, and in that sense unique (Ge 22:2, 12, 16; Jdg 11:34; Pr 4:3; Jer 6:26; Am 8:10; Zec 12:10+), note: in some contexts this child may be numerically the only child; see also domain LN 25.33–25.58; 2. LN 25.223–25.250 lonely, alone, i.e., pertaining to being in a solitary place and so isolated and in a state of anxiety (Ps 25:16+); 3. LN 57.37–57.48 the lonely, i.e., pertaining to a class of persons without resource and so in some form of need or even destitution (Ps 68:7[EB 6]+)

יְחִידָה (yeḥî·ḏā(h)): n.fem. [oth adj.fem. of 3495]; ≡ Str 3173; TWOT 858a—LN 23.88–23.128 precious life (Ps 22:21[EB 20]; 35:17+)

3496 יְחִיָּה (yeḥiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3174;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jehiah: doorkeeper for the ark (1Ch 15:24+)

3497 יָחִיל (yā·ḥîl): adj.; ≡ Str 3175; TWOT 859a—LN 68.11–68.21 waiting, i.e., pertaining to staying or continuing in a same state or position (La 3:26+), note: some repoint to hif of see 3498; note: oth parsed as qal impf. of 2565

יחל (yḥl): see 3498

3498 יָחַל (yā·ḥǎl): v.; ≡ Str 3176; TWOT 859—1. LN 85.55–85.64 (nif) wait for, i.e., extend a period of time in a place or state, implying a hope of resolution to some situation (Ge 8:12); (piel) linger (Mic 5:6[EB 7]); (hif) wait (1Sa 10:8); 2. LN 25.59–25.64 (piel) hope in, expect, looking to, i.e., await eagerly for a future event (Job 13:15); (hif) wait, put hope in (Ps 39:8[EB 7]); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 (nif) wait, i.e., be in a certain state, implying a resolution to the waiting (Eze 19:5), note: for NIV text in Ge 8:10; Jdg 3:25, see 2655

3499 יַחְלְאֵל (yǎḥ·leʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3177;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jahleel: son of Zebulun (Ge 46:14; Nu 26:26+), see also 3500

3500 יַחְלְאֵלִי (yǎḥ·leʾē·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3178;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Jahleelite: pertaining to Jahleel (Nu 26:26+), see also 3499

יחם (yḥm): see 3501

3501 יָחַם (yā·ḥǎm): v.; ≡ Str 3179; TWOT 860—1. LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) be in the rut, be in heat, i.e., be in the state of a female being able to conceive (Ge 30:38+); (piel) rutting, in heat (Ge 30:41a; 31:10+); 2. LN 23.61–23.65 (qal) mate, i.e., perform the sex act., with a focus on conception (Ge 30:39+); (piel) mate (Ge 30:41b+); 3. LN 23.46–23.60 (piel) conceive, i.e., become pregnant, with a focus that this is a very early time in the gestation process (Ps 51:7[EB 5]+)

3502 יַחְמוּר (yǎḥ·mûr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3180; TWOT 685b—LN 4.1–4.37 deer, i.e., ceremonially clean animal, hence eatable: cud-chewing mammal with split hoof; a kind of male deer, possibly of the Capreolus family (Dt 14:5; 1Ki 5:3[EB 4:23]+); (most versions) the roebuck or roedeer; (KJV) fallow deer

3503 יַחְמַי (yǎḥ·mǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3181;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jahmai: grandson of Issachar (1Ch 7:2+)

3504 יָחֵף (yā·ḥēp̄): adj.; ≡ Str 3182; TWOT 861a—LN 49 barefoot, i.e., pertaining to not wearing foot apparel on the feet, with the associative meanings of destitution and also mourning (2Sa 15:30; Isa 20:2, 3, 4; Jer 2:25+)

3505 יַחְצְאֵל (yǎḥ·ṣeʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3183;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jahzeel (Jahziel NIV): son of Naphtali (Ge 46:24; Nu 26:48+), see also 3506, same as 3507

3506 יַחְצְאֵלִי (yǎḥ·ṣeʾē·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3184;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Jahzeelite: pertaining to Jahzeel (Nu 26:48+), see also 3505

3507 יַחֲצִיאֵל (yǎ·ḥǎṣî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3185;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jahziel: son of Naphtali (1Ch 7:13+), note: see also 3505

יַחְצִיאֵל (yǎḥ·ṣî·ʾēl): see 3507

יחר (yḥr): see 3508

3508 יָחַר (yā·ḥǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3186; TWOT 68—LN 67.118–67.135 delay, i.e., to extend a period of time (2Sa 20:5 K+), note: the K form S.Robertson Driver (NOTES ON THE HEBREW TEXT OF SAMUEL) calls it a text error for Q, see 336

יחשׂ (yḥś): see 3509

3509 יָחַשׂ (yā·ḥǎś): v.; ≡ Str 3187; TWOT 862—LN 33.35–33.68 (hitp) enroll oneself in a genealogical record, be in a family register (1Ch 5:17; 9:1; Ezr 2:62; Ne 7:64+), note: for the inf. as a noun, see 2249

3510 יַחַשׂ (yǎ·ḥǎś): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3188; TWOT 862a—LN 10.14–10.48 genealogy, i.e., a family history of names as a written record (Ne 7:5+), see also domain LN 33.35–33.68

3511 יַחַת (yǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3189;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jahath: 1. of Judah (1Ch 4:2+) 2. (Jehath NIV) a Levite (6:5[EB 20],28[EB 43]+) 3. another Levite (1Ch 23:10, 11+) 4. yet another Levite (1Ch 24:22+) 5. Levite overseer of temple repairs (2Ch 34:12+)

יֵחַת (yē·ḥǎṯ): see 3169, 5737

יטב (yṭb): see 3512

3512 יָטַב (yā·ṭǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 2895, 3190; TWOT 863—1. LN 65.20–65.29 (qal) be good, be better, i.e., be in a state of having proper characteristics or performing an expected function (Ecc 7:3); (hif) do well, do good (Dt 5:28); (hif) do good (Dt 9:21); 2. LN 22.42–22.47 (hif) make successful, make prosperous, formally, do good, i.e., have favorable circumstance and lack of trouble in life, implying the accumulation of many possessions (Ge 32:10[EB 9]); 3. LN 88.1–88.11 (hif) do good, do right, i.e., have positive moral actions in a general sense, usually giving another kind, favorable circumstances (Ge 4:7), note: the exact “good” action referred to in a context may vary greatly; 4. LN 78.44–78.50 (hif) be thorough, be very, formally, do real good, i.e., perform an action to a complete degree (Dt 13:15[EB 14]); 5. LN 24.102–24.115 (hif) be cheerful, be happy (Pr 15:13); 6. LN 79.9–79.17 (hif) make beautiful, i.e., have a good, lovely, stately appearance (2Ki 9:30; Pr 30:29); 7. LN 42.7–42.28 (hif) do task, i.e., perform a task, with a focus on doing it well (Ex 30:7); 8. LN 24.102–24.115 unit: (qal) יָטַב לֵב (yā·ṭǎḇ lēḇ) enjoy, be cheered, formally, good of heart, i.e., be in a positive, glad attitude (1Ki 21:7); (hif) enjoy (Jdg 19:22); 9. LN 24.102–24.115 unit: יָטַב בְּ־ עַיִן (yā·ṭǎḇ b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be pleased, formally, be good in the eyes, i.e., have a fondness and pleasure in an event or person (Est 2:4)

3513 יָטְבָה (yāṭ·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3192;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jotbah: Levitical town in Judah, (2Ki 21:19+)

3514 יָטְבָתָה (yāṭ·ḇā·ṯā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3193;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jotbathah: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:33, 34; Dt 10:7+)

יֻטָּה (yǔṭ·ṭā(h)): n.pr.—see 3420 (loc.) (Jos 21:16+)

3515 יְטוּר (yeṭûr): n.pr. [BDB: and gent.]; ≡ Str 3195;—LN 93-pers. Jetur: 1. (male) son of Ishmael (Ge 25:15; 1Ch 1:31+) 2. (gent.) a people pertaining to Jethur 1. (1Ch 5:19+)

3516 יַיִן (yǎ·yin): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3196; TWOT 864—1. LN 6.197 wine, i.e., a naturally processed, fermented grape juice, in excess amounts can cause drunkenness (Ge 9:21), see also domain LN 5; 2. LN 88.283–88.288 drunkenness, i.e., the consequence of wine (Ge 9:24; 1Sa 25:37+); 3. LN 6.132 unit: נֹאד יַיִן (nō(ʾ)ḏ yǎ·yin) wineskin, i.e., a bag or bottle made of leather as a container (Jos 9:4, 13); 4. LN 6.132 unit: נֵבֶל יַיִן (nē·ḇěl yǎ·yin) wineskin, i.e., a bag or bottle made of leather as a container (1Sa 1:24; 10:3; 25:18); 5. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ יַיִן (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- yǎ·yin) banquet hall, formally, house of wine, i.e., a construction to hold banquets (SS 2:4), note: some interp this as a vineyard area (though not as likely in the editor’s opinion), see domain LN 3.28; 6. LN 6.197 unit: יַיִן הַ־ חֵמָה (yǎ·yin hǎ- ḥē·mā(h)) very strong wine, wine causing sickness or possibly alcohol poisoning, formally, wine of wrath (Jer 25:15); 7. LN 88.83–88.92 unit: יָצָא הַ־ יַיִן מִן (yā·ṣā(ʾ) hǎ- yǎ·yin min) be sober, formally, have wine go out of one (1Sa 25:37)

יך (yk) BDB: see 3517

3517 יַךְ (yǎḵ): ; ≡ Str 3197; TWOT 844—see 3338 (1Sa 4:13 K), note: for 1Sa 4:13 Q, see 3338

יָכוֹל (yā·ḵôl) BDB: see 3523

3518 יְכוֹנְיָה (yeḵô·neyā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3204;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeconiah (Jer 27:20 K+), note: for Q, see 3526

יכח (ykḥ): see 3519

3519 יָכַח (yā·ḵǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 3198; TWOT 865—1. LN 56.12–56.19 (nif) argue, make legal dialogue, i.e., reason together in a legal case or dispute (Job 23:7; Isa 1:18+); (hif) prove arguments (Job 6:25); 2. LN 56.20–56.34 judge, decide, i.e., make a decision in a legal dispute (Ge 31:37); (nif) vindicated, i.e., pertaining to being found right and so have no charges or accusations (Ge 20:16+); 3. LN 38.1–38.13 (hif) rebuke, discipline, i.e., punish, implying one is guilty of a crime or offense of a standard (2Sa 7:14); (hof) chastened, punished (Job 33:19+); 4. LN 56.4–56.11 (hif) complain, accuse, i.e., lodge a legal charge against (Ge 21:25); (hitp) accuse (Mic 6:2+); 5. LN 30.86–30.107 (hif) choose, i.e., select a preferred object (Ge 24:14)

יְכָילְיָה (yeḵāy·leyā(h)): see 3524 (1Ch 26:3 K+)

3520 I. יָכִין (yā·ḵîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3199;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jakin: 1. of Simeon (Ge 46:10; Ex 6:15; Nu 26:12+), see also 3520(1.) 2. priest in 21st course (1Ch 24:17+) 3. priest in the time of Nehemiah (1Ch 9:10; Ne 11:10+) 4. see 3521, see also 3522

3521 II. יָכִין (yā·ḵîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3199;—LN 93-place (a pillar) Jakin: name of the S pillar in Solomon’s temple (1Ki 7:21; 2Ch 3:17+)

3522 יָכִינִי (yā·ḵî·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3200;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Jakinite: pertaining to Jakin (Nu 26:12+), see also 3520(1.)

יכל (ykl): see 3523

3523 יָכֹל (yā·ḵōl): v.; ≡ Str 3201; TWOT 866—1. LN 74 (qal) be able, be capable, attain, succeed, not fail, i.e., have the ability or capacity to experience something (Ge 13:6); 2. LN 39.52–39.61 (qal) overcome, prevail, have victory, i.e., conquer a foe or opponent and so have victory, as an extension of being able or capable to actually accomplish something (Ge 32:26[EB 25]); 3. LN 25.156–25.166 dare, be bold, i.e., have an attitude or confidence that one can do something (Dt 12:17); 4. LN 32.1–32.10 understand, i.e., be able to grasp the meaning of something by processing information about a subject (Ps 139:6), note: NIV translates “attain”

יִכְלֶה (yiḵ·lě(h)): qal impf.3ms.—see 3973, 3984

3524 יְכָלְיָה (yeḵāl·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3203;—LN 93-pers. (female) Jecoliah: mother of King Azariah (2Ch 26:3 Q+) see also 3525

3525 יְכָלְיָהוּ (yeḵāl·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3203;—LN 93-pers. (female) Jecoliahu (Jecoliah NIV): mother of King Azariah (2Ki 15:2+), see also 3524

3526 יְכָנְיָה (yeḵān·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3204;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeconiah (Jehoiachin NIV): king of Judah (1Ch 3:16, 17; Est 2:6; Jer 27:20 Q; 28:4; 29:2+), see also 3382; note: for K at Jer 27:20, see 3518

3527 יְכָנְיָהוּ (yeḵān·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3204;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeconiahu (Jehoiachin NIV): king of Judah (Jer 24:1+), see also 3382

ילד (yld): see 3528

3528 יָלַד (yā·lǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 3205; TWOT 867—1. LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) have a child, i.e., have a female be pregnant with a child, culminating in the birth of the offspring (Ge 3:16); (qal pass.) one born (1Ki 3:26); (nif) be born (Ge 21:3b); (pual) be born (Ge 50:23); (hif) have a baby (Jdg 13:7); (hof) be born (Eze 16:4, 5+); 2. LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) impregnate, become the father, i.e., inseminate a female and so be the father of offspring (Ge 4:18b); (nif) be a father (Nu 26:60); (pual) be a father (Ge 4:26); (hif) have a child (Ge 5:3); 3. LN 10.14–10.48 (qal) be a descendant (1Ch 7:14); (nif) descended, be a descendant (1Ch 20:6); (pual) be descended (2Sa 21:20); (hif) be a forefather, i.e., cause to be a descendant (Nu 26:58); (hitp) tell of ancestry (Nu 1:18+); 4. LN 23.46–23.60 (piel) midwife, i.e., a person who assists or can induce birth (Ex 1:15), see 4783.5; 5. LN 23.188–23.196 (hif) bud, grow, i.e., to begin the growth process by budding as the beginning of growth (Isa 55:10); 6. LN 51 unit: (hof) יוֹם יָלַד (yôm yā·lǎḏ) birthday, i.e., the day of one’s birth, a day of celebration (Ge 40:20+); 7. LN 13.104–13.163 happen, formally, bring forth, i.e., to have an event occur or happen as a figurative extension of giving birth or fathering a child (Pr 27:1)

3529 יֶלֶד (yě·lěḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3206; TWOT 867b—1. LN 9.41–9.45 male child, young boy, i.e., the offspring of one’s parents as a general term (1Sa 1:2), note: context determines the range of age, from a helpless infant to a young man capable of violence; 2. LN 9.41–9.45 child, i.e., either a male or female offspring still in the care of a mother (Ex 21:4; 2Sa 6:23); 3. LN 9.4 one of a group, i.e., a figurative extension of a child as identified as a class or kind in a group (Isa 57:4; Hos 1:2); 4. LN 11.55–11.89 unit: יֶלֶד נָכְרִי (yě·lěḏ nāḵ·rî) pagan, formally, offspring of foreigner, as a socio-political (Isa 2:6)

3530 יַלְדָּה (yǎl·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3207; TWOT 867b—LN 9.41–9.45 female child, young girl, i.e., the offspring of one’s parents as a general term (Ge 34:4; Joel 4:3[EB 3:3]; Zec 8:5+), note: context determines the range of age, from a child who plays in the streets to a young woman of marriageable age

3531 יַלְדוּת (yǎl·ḏûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3208; TWOT 867c—LN 67.142–67.162 youth, childhood, i.e., pertaining to a time of a person’s life when one is young (Ps 110:3; Ecc 11:9, 10+)

3532 יָלַהּ (yā·lǎh): v.; ≡ Str 3856; TWOT 1079—LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) waste away, languish, i.e., be in a feeble, weakened condition (Ge 47:13), note: oth parse as root of 4264

3533 יִלּוֹד (yil·lôḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 3209; TWOT 867d—LN 23.46–23.60 born, i.e., pertaining to the natural process of birth (Ex 1:22; Jos 5:5; 2Sa 5:14; 12:14; Jer 16:3+)

3534 יָלוֹן (yā·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3210;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jalon: of Judah through Caleb (1Ch 4:17+)

3535 יָלִיד (yā·lîḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 3211; TWOT 867e—LN 11 born, i.e., pertaining to being naturalized member of an extended family or clan through the process of birth as opposed to purchase (Ge 14:14; 17:12, 13, 23, 27; Lev 22:11; Jer 2:14+), see also domain LN 23.46–23.60

יָלִיד (yā·lîḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3211; TWOT 867e—LN 10.14–10.48 descendants, children, i.e., offspring of successive generations (Nu 13:22, 28; Jos 15:14; 2Sa 21:16, 18; 1Ch 20:4+)

ילל (yll): see 3536

3536 יָלַל (yā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 3213; TWOT 868—LN 25.135–25.145 (hif) wail, howl, i.e., make loud crying and shrill shouting noises of sorrow (Isa 13:6; 14:31; 15:2, 3; 16:7; 23:1, 6, 14; 52:5; 65:14; Jer 4:8; 25:34; 47:2; 48:20, 31, 39; 49:3; 51:8; Eze 21:17[EB 12]; 30:2; Hos 7:14; Joel 1:5, 11, 13; Am 8:3; Mic 1:8; Zep 1:11; Zec 11:2, 2+), note: for NIV text in Isa 52:5, see 2147

3537 יְלֵל (yelēl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3214; TWOT 868a—LN 14.78 howling, i.e., a wailing-cry of an animal, as a sound heard in desolate places (Dt 32:10+)

3538 יְלָלָה (yelā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3215; TWOT 868b—LN 25.135–25.145 wailing, lamentation, i.e., sounds of mourning or distress (Isa 15:8; Jer 25:36; Zep 1:10; Zec 11:3+)

ילע (ylʿ) Lisowsky or יָלַע (yā·lǎʿ) BDB: see 4362

יָלַע (yā·lǎʿ): v. qal impf.3ms.—see 4362 Pr 20:25+

3539 יַלֶּפֶת (yǎl·lě·p̄ěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3217; TWOT 869a—LN 23.142–23.184 skin eruption, i.e., an epidermal sore of some kind: a rash, running sore, herpes, ringworm, eruption, are some of the words used to translate this condition (Lev 21:20; 22:22+), note: the exact disease is disputed

3540 יֶלֶק (yě·lěq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3218; TWOT 870a—LN 4.47–4.50 locust, i.e., the insect in a specific stage of development, possibly the stage of the creeping locust in the unwinged phase (Ps 105:34; Jer 51:14, 27; Joel 1:4; 2:25; Na 3:15,16+)

3541 יַלְקוּט (yǎl·qûṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3219; TWOT 1125b—LN 6.118–6.151 pouch, scrip, knapsack, i.e., a container, likely made of leather, used as a utility bag for carrying relatively small objects (1Sa 17:40+)

3542 יָם (yām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3220; TWOT 871a—1. LN 1.69–1.78 body of water, i.e., a natural body of water in contrast to land (Ge 1:10; Ex 14:2), note: the size differs according to the reference; 2. LN 1.69–1.78 lake, i.e., a particular body of water that is more specific to an area (Dt 33:23); 3. LN 1.60–1.68 seashore, i.e., a strip of land between land and sea (2Sa 17:11; 1Ki 4:20; Ps 78:27); 4. LN 82.1–82.6 the west, i.e., a compass direction and spatial orientation (Ge 12:8); 5. LN 6.118–6.151 the Sea, washing container, i.e., a large ornamental basin for washing (1Ki 7:23); 6. LN 1.76 river, i.e., a moving body of water (Isa 19:5; Na 3:8); 7. LN 12.23 Yam, i.e., a pagan Ugaritic god of the sea (Ps 74:13),note: oth simply a body of water; 8. LN 1.69–1.78 unit: לָשׁוֹן יָם (lā·šôn yām) gulf or bay, formally, tongue of the sea (Jos 15:5; 18:19; Isa 11:15)

3543 יְמוּאֵל (yemû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3223;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jemuel: son of Simeon (Ge 46:10; Ex 6:15+), see also 5803(1.)

יְמוֹנִי (yemô·nî): see 3556 Eze 4:6 K+

3544 יְמִימָה (yemî·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3224;—LN 93-pers. (female) Jemimah: daughter of Job (Job 42:14+)

3545 I. יָמִין (yā·mîn): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3225; TWOT 872a—1. LN 82.7–82.12 right, the right side, as a spatial orientation opposed to left side (Ge 48:13; Ex 14:22), note: the right hand is a hand most useful; 2. LN 82.1–82.6 south, southward, i.e., a spatial orientation as one faces East, i.e., to the right, similar to a compass direction (1Sa 23:24); 3. LN 82.7–82.12 unit: אִטֵּר יָד יָמִין (ʾiṭ·ṭēr yāḏ yā·mîn)1 be left-handed, formally, hindered on the right side (Jdg 3:15; 20:16+)

3546 II. יָמִין (yā·mîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3226;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jamin: 1. of Simeon (Ge 46:10; Ex 6:15; Nu 26:12; 1Ch 4:24+), see also 3547 2. of Judah, through Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:27+) 3. an instructor in Torah (Ne 8:7+)

3547 יָמִינִי (yā·mî·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3228;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Jaminite: pertaining to Jamin (Nu 26:12+), see also 3546(1.)

3548 יְמָינִי (yemāy·nî): adj.; ≡ Str 3233; TWOT 872d—1. LN 82.7–82.12 right, i.e., pertaining to a spatial orientation on a person or near object (Eze 4:6 Q+); 2. LN 82.1–82.6 south, i.e., pertaining to spatial orientation, similar to a compass direction (2Ch 3:17 K+)

3549 יְמִינִי (yemî·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3227; TWOT 872b—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Benjamite: pertaining to Benjamin (1Sa 9:1, 4; 2Sa 20:1; Est 2:5+), see also 1228, 1229

3550 יִמְלָא (yim·lā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3229;—LN 93-pers. (male) Imla (Imlah NIV): father of the prophet Micaiah (2Ch 18:7, 8+), see also 3551

3551 יִמְלָה (yim·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3229;—LN 93-pers. (male) Imlah: father of the prophet Micaiah (1Ki 22:8, 9+), see also 3550

3552 יַמְלֵךְ (yǎm·lēḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3230;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jamlech: of Simeon (1Ch 4:34+)

ימךְ (ymk): see 4812

יִמַּךְ (yim·mǎḵ): v. nif impf.3ms.—see 4812

3553 יֵמִם (yē·mim): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3222; TWOT 871b—1. LN 1.69–1.78 body of water: (NIV, NASB, RSV, ASV, NJB, REB, Tanakh) hot spring (Ge 36:24+); (NKJV, NAB) water; (NRSV) springs, for another interp, see next; note: some switch two letters and read 4784, see BHS ftn; 2. LN 4.51–4.57 adders, vipers, i.e., a poisonous snake (Ge 36:24+); 3. LN 4.1–4.37 (KJV, NEB) mules, i.e., a large mammal (Ge 36:24+), note: editor’s solution is keep MT text, read as “spring” as a body of water

ימן (ymn): see 3554

3554 יָמַן (yā·mǎn): v.; ≡ Str 3231; TWOT 872c—1. LN 15.1–15.17 (hif) go south, i.e., linear movement that veers to the right side from an Eastward orientation (Ge 13:9+); 2. LN 15.1–15.17 turn and walk right, i.e., a linear movement not related particularly to a compass direction (Isa 30:21+); 3. LN 82.7–82.12 (hif ptcp.) use of the right hand, right-handed, i.e., as a spatial orientation (1Ch 12:2+); 4. LN 33.251–33.255 unit: לְ־ יָמַן וְ־ לְ־ שִׂמְאֵל (l- yā·mǎn w- l- śim·ʾēl) deviate from truth, formally, turn right or left, i.e., to not be accurate in a statement (2Sa 14:19+); 5. LN 16 strike to the right, i.e., a non-linear movement of a sword, as a figurative extension of an attack coming in from a right side (Eze 21:21[EB 16]+)

3555 יִמְנָה (yim·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3232;—LN 93-pers. (male) Imnah: 1. of Asher (Ge 46:17; Nu 26:44; 1Ch 7:30+), see also 3555.5 2. a Levite in the days of King Hezekiah (2Ch 31:14+)

יִמְנָה (yim·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3232;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Imnite: pertaining to Imnah (Nu 26:44+), see 3555(1.)

3556 יְמָנִי (yemā·nî): adj.; ≡ Str 3233; TWOT 872d—1. LN 82.7–82.12 right, right side, i.e., pertaining to a spatial orientation as opposed to left (Ex 29:20), note: for MT text in Eze 4:6 Q, see 3548; 2. LN 82.1–82.6 south, southward, i.e., pertaining to a spatial orientation similar to a compass direction (1Ki 6:8)

יִמְנַע (yim·nǎʿ) BDB: see 4979 (nif)

3557 יִמְנָע (yim·nāʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3234;—LN 93-pers. (male) Imna: of Asher (1Ch 7:35+)

ימר (ymr): see 3558

3558 יָמַר (yā·mǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3235; TWOT 118—1. (hif) change, i.e., exchange one thing for another (Jer 2:11a+), note: see also 4614; 2. LN 57.142–57.145 (hitp) be exchanged (Isa 61:6), note: in Isa 61:6, others parse as 607

3559 יִמְרָה (yim·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3236;—LN 93-pers. (male) Imrah: of Asher (1Ch 7:36+)

ימשׁ (ymš): see 3560

3560 יָמַשׁ (yā·mǎš): v.; ≡ Str 3237;—LN 24.73–24.76 (hif) touch, i.e., come into firm contact with the hands (Jdg 16:26 K+), note: for the Q see 4630

ינה (ynh): see 3561

3561 יָנָה (yā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3238; TWOT 873—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal impf. 1cp.) oppress, crush, i.e., destroy an object completely (Ps 74:8+), note: for another parsing as a noun, see 5769 or 3435; 2. LN 88.126–88.134 (hif) mistreat, take advantage of, i.e., cause the oppression of another weaker person, with a focus that this violates a moral standard (Ex 22:20[EB 21]; Lev 19:33; 25:14, 17; Dt 23:17[EB 16]; Isa 49:26; Jer 22:3; Eze 18:7, 12, 16; 22:7, 29; 45:8; 46:18+), see also domain LN 39.45–39.46

3562 יָנוֹחַ (yā·nôaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3239;—LN 93-place (loc.) Janoah: 1. town of Naphtali or (2Ki 15:29+) 2. town on the border of Ephraim, (Jos 16:6, 7+)

3563 יָנוֹחָה (yā·nô·ḥā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3239;—LN 93-place (loc.) Janoah: (Jos 16:6, 7+), note: often parsed as 3562 + 2025, q.v.

3564 יָנוּם (yā·nûm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3241;—LN 93-place (loc.) Janum: town of Judah in the hill country (Jos 15:53 Q+), see also 3565

3565 יָנִים (yā·nîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3241;—LN 93-place (loc.) Janim: town of Judah in the hill country (Jos 15:53 K+), see also 3564

3566 יְנִיקָה (yenî·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3242; TWOT 874c—LN 3.47–3.59 new plant shoot, i.e., a twig of new growth on a tree (Eze 17:4+)

ינק (ynq): see 3567

3567 יָנַק (yā·nǎq): v.; ≡ Str 3243, 5134; TWOT 1332—1. LN 23.77 (qal) suck, be nursing from a breast (Job 3:12), note: qal ptcp. masc.sing. in SS 8:1 some place as noun, see 3437; (hif) give nourishment, nurse at a breast (Ge 21:7; La 4:3), note: some parse as n.fem. in Ge 24:59; 35:8; Ex 2:7a; 2Ki 11:2; 2Ch 22:11; Isa 49:23+, see 4787; 2. LN 23.1–23.39 give nourishment, eat, as a figurative extension of the infant feeding from the breast (Dt 32:13; 33; 19); 3. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: רֹאשׁ (rō(ʾ)š) … יָנַק (yā·nǎq) die, formally, suck poison, as a figurative extension of sucking poison as a baby feeds at the breast (Job 20:16)

יֹנֵק (yō·nēq) Holladay: see 3437

3568 יַנְשׁוּף (yǎn·šûp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3244; TWOT 1434b—LN 4.38–4.46 bird, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; (most versions) great owl, i.e., a nocturnal bird of the Strigiformes family (Lev 11:17; Dt 14:16; Isa 34:11+), (NKJV, NAB, NEB, REB) screech owl; (NJB) barn owl; (RSV) ibis (a water bird); (KB) long-eared owl Asia otus or bee-eater Merops apiaster

יַנְשׁוֹף (yǎn·šôp̄) BDB: see 3568 (Isa 34:11+)

I. יסד (ysd): see 3569

II. יסד (ysd): see 3570

3569 I. יָסַד (yā·sǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 3245; TWOT 875—1. LN 7.26–7.53 (qal) lay a foundation, set a base, i.e., establish a base for a construction (Ezr 3:12); (nif) be founded, foundation be laid (Isa 44:28); (piel) lay a foundation, establish (Jos 6:26); (pual) have a foundation laid, be set upon (1Ki 6:37); (hof) be laid, be founded (2Ch 3:3; Ezr 3:11; Isa 28:16+); 2. LN 37.96–37.107 (qal) assign, ordain, formally, found, i.e., appoint one to a task or function, with a focus in the authority to do so (Hab 1:12); (piel) assign, ordain (1Ch 9:22); 3. LN 85.32–85.54 (qal) place, i.e., put something in a place, implying a purpose (2Ch 31:6); 4. LN 42.29–42.40 (qal) make, create, formally, found, i.e., create or rearrange an area or place, as an extension of building a foundation (Isa 23:13); 5. LN 68.1–68.10 (nif) begin, formally, was founded, i.e., the initiation of an action, process, or event (Ex 9:18+), note: for MT text in Ezr 7:9, see 3571

3570 II. יָסַד (yā·sǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 3245; TWOT 875—LN 39.34–39.41 (nif) associate, conspire together, i.e., to rise up in a plotted, planned rebellion (Ps 2:2; 31:14[EB 13]+)

3571 יְסֻד (yesǔḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3246; TWOT 875a—LN 67.65–67.72 beginning, i.e., a point in time with reference to a duration of time (Ezr 7:9+), note: NIV repoints to piel of 3569

3572 יְסוֹד (yesôḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3247; TWOT 875b—1. LN 7.26–7.53 foundation, i.e., the very base of a construction (Ps 137:7; Mic 1:6); 2. LN 6.106–6.117 base, i.e., a foundation of an altar as a piece of furniture (Ex 29:12); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 foot, i.e., a part of the body (Hab 3:3+); 4. LN 25.167–25.178 what is enduring, i.e., as figurative extension of a foundation of a building, as a figure of perseverance (Pr 10:25+)

יְסוֹד (yesôḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3247; TWOT 875b—LN 93-place (loc.) Foundation Gate: an entrance area (2Ch 23:5+)

יִסּוֹד (yis·sôḏ) Holladay: see 3569 (2Ch 31:7+)

3573 יְסוּדָה (yesû·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3248; TWOT 875c—LN 7.26–7.53 foundation, i.e., the very base of a construction (Ps 87:1+), note: in context the foundation of a city

3574 יִסּוֹר (yis·sôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3250; TWOT 877a—LN 33.417–33.422 corrector, fault-finder, i.e., one who reproves or rebukes another in verbal argumentation or reasoning (Job 40:2+)

יְסוּרַי (yesû·rǎy) Holladay: see 6073 qal pass. (Jer 17:13 K+)

3575 יָסַךְ (yā·sǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 3251; TWOT 1474—LN 47.1–47.7 (qal [pass.?] impf. 3ms.) be poured out (Ex 30:32), note: for another parsing, see 6057 (hof)

יָּסֶךְ (yā·sěḵ): v. [hif impf.3ms.]—see 6057, 6058 Ex 40:21; Job 3:23; 38:8 see 6058 or 6114; 2Sa 12:20 see 6057

3576 יִסְכָּה (yis·kā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3252;—LN 93-pers. (female) Iscah: daughter of Haran (Ge 11:29+)

3577 יִסְמַכְיָהוּ (yis·mǎḵ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3253;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ismakiahu (Ismakiah NIV): Levite in the days of Hezekiah (2Ch 31:13+)

יסף (ysp): see 3578

3578 יָסַף (yā·sǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 3254; TWOT 876—1. LN 59.72–59.76 (qal) add, i.e., increase a quantity by adding to the collection, mass, or events (Lev 27:15; Isa 30:1); (nif) added to, gained more (Nu 36:3, 4; Pr 11:24; Isa 15:9; Jer 36:32+); (hif) increase, to cause to add to (Ge 25:1; 30:24); 2. LN 42.7–42.28 (qal) do again, do more, i.e., repeat an action of any kind, as an extension of adding to a quantity (Ge 8:12); (hif) once again (Jdg 3:12); 3. LN 34.42–34.49 (nif) be joined, formally, added, i.e., pertaining to being in an association with another person or people (Ex 1:10); 4. LN 67.118–67.135 unit: (hif) לֹא יָסַף (lō(ʾ) yā·sǎp̄) no longer, i.e., the extension of time to a point but no further (Ge 4:12); 5. LN 78.28–78.39 unit: (hif) יָסַף עוֹד (yā·sǎp̄ ʿôḏ) all the more, formally, still to add, i.e., pertaining to a great degree (Ge 37:8), note: further study may yield more domains

יסר (ysr) Lisowsky, KB: see 3579, 3580

יסר (ysr)[1] Holladay: see 3579

יסר (ysr)[2] Holladay: see 3580

3579 I. יָסַר (yā·sǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3256; TWOT 877—1. LN 38.1–38.13 (qal) correct, discipline, i.e., punish in order to improve behavior, implying the training of the person (Ps 94:10; Pr 9:7+); (nif) disciplined, accept correction (Lev 26:23; Pr 29:19; Jer 31:18+); (piel) punish, correct, discipline (Dt 8:5); 2. LN 33.423–33.425 (nif) be warned, i.e., receive information about a future danger, or the consequences of a certain action (Ps 2:10; Jer 6:8; Eze 23:48+); (nitpael) let oneself take warning; 3. LN 33.224–33.250 (piel) teach, instruct, i.e., give formal and informal instruction, often with a focus on warning of consequences for bad behavior (Isa 28:26; Hos 7:15), note: for another interp in Hos 7:15 & Job 4:3, see 3580; 4. LN 18.12–18.23 (hif) catch, trap, i.e., capture an object by attaching a snare or entangling net (Hos 7:12)

3580 II. יָסַר (yā·sǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3256; TWOT 877—LN 76 (piel) strengthen, make strong (Hos 7:15; Job 4:3+), for another interp, see 3579

3581 יָסּוֹר (yās·sôr): n.masc. [BDB, KB: qal inf.abs. of 6254]—see 6254 inspector, instructor

3582 יָע (yāʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3257; TWOT 879a—LN 6.215–6.225 shovel, i.e., an implement to remove ash from a fire area (Ex 27:3; 38:3; Nu 4:14; 1Ki 7:40, 45; 2Ki 25:14; 2Ch 4:11, 16; Jer 52:18+)

3583 I. יַעְבֵּץ (yǎʿ·bēṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3258;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jabez: site in Judah (1Ch 2:55+)

3584 II. יַעְבֵּץ (yǎʿ·bēṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3258;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jabez: of Judah (1Ch 4:9,10+)

יעד (yʿd): see 3585

3585 יָעַד (yā·ʿǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 3259; TWOT 878—1. LN 30.86–30.107 (qal) select, choose, i.e., make a choice of one or more possible alternatives (Ex 21:8, 9+); 2. LN 37.96–37.107 (qal) order, set, assign, i.e., assign an object to a particular role or function (2Sa 20:5; Jer 47:7; Mic 6:9+); (hof) set, ordered, assigned (Eze 21:21[EB 16]+), note: NIV translates “turned”; 3. LN 15.75–15.80 (nif) meet with, i.e., come near or approach in linear motion (Ex 25:22; 29:42, 43; 30:6, 36; 17:19[EB 4]; Ne 6:2, 10; Job 2:11+); 4. LN 15.123–15.134 (nif) assemble, congregate, i.e., be gathered together (Nu 10:3, 4; 1Ki 8:5; 2Ch 5:6+); 5. LN 34.1–34.21 (nif) band together, join forces, i.e., join in an association with another (Nu 14:35; 16:11; 27:3; Jos 11:5; Ps 48:5[EB 4]+); 6. LN 33.307–33.314 (hif) summon, challenge, i.e., call out for someone to gather together (Job 9:19; Jer 49:19; 50:44+); 7. LN 85.32–85.54 (hof) be placed, set, i.e., place or put an object in a spatial setting (Jer 24:1+)

3586 יַעְדָּה (yǎʿ·dā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3294;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jadah: of Saul (1Ch 9:42+, see also 3389; note: for MT text, see 3628

3587 יֶעְדּוֹ (yěʿ·dô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3260;—LN 93-pers. (male) Iddo: prophet who wrote some of the history of King Solomon (2Ch 9:29+), see also 6341(3.), note: for K, see 3588

3588 יֶעְדִּי (yěʿ·dî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3260;—LN 93-pers. (male) Iddi: prophet who wrote some of the history of King Solomon (2Ch 9:29 K+), note: for Q, see 3587

יעה (yʿh): see 3589

3589 יָעָה (yā·ʿā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3261; TWOT 879—1. LN 46 (qal) sweep away, i.e., the motion of a broom removing dirt from an area (Isa 28:17+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroy, i.e., a figurative extension of the motion of sweeping away an object (Isa 28:17+)

3590 יְעוּאֵל (yeʿû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3262;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeuel: 1. of Judah, returnee from captivity (1Ch 9:6+) 2. returnee with Ezra (Ezr 8:13+) 3. for Q in (1Ch 9:35; 11:44; 2Ch 26:11; 29:13) see also 3590

יעוץ (yʿwṣ) BDB: see 3591

3591 יְעוּץ (yeʿûṣ): n.pr. [Holladay: or tribe]; ≡ Str 3263;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeuz: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:10+)

יָעוֹר (yā·ʿôr) BDB: see 3592

3592 יָעוּר (yā·ʿûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3265;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaur: father of Elhanan (1Ch 20:5 K+), note: for Q, see 3600

יְעוֹרִים (yeʿô·rîm) BDB: see 3623 (Eze 34:25 v.r.)

3593 יְעוּשׁ (yeʿûš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3266;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeush: 1. son of Esau (Ge 36:5, 14, 18; 1Ch 1:35+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 7:10+) 3. another of Benjamin through Saul (1Ch 8:39+) 4. Levite in the days of David (1Ch 23:10, 11+) 5. son of King Rehoboam (2Ch 11:19+) note: for K in some verses, see 3601

יעז (yʿz): see 3594

3594 יָעַז (yā·ʿǎz): v.; ≡ Str 3267; TWOT 880—LN 41.29–41.43 (nif ptcp.) be insolent (Isa 33:19+), note: for another parsing as an a, see 5676.5, see also domain LN 88.126–88.134

יעזיאל (yʿzyʾl) BDB: see 3595

3595 יַעֲזִיאֵל (yǎ·ʿǎzî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3268;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaaziel: Levite, temple musician (1Ch 15:18+), see also 6456

יעזיהו (yʿzyhw) BDB: see 3596

3596 יַעֲזִיָּהוּ (yǎ·ʿǎziy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3269;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaaziahu (Jaaziah NIV): of Levi, father of Beno (1Ch 24:26, 27+)

3597 יַעְזֵיר (yǎʿ·zêr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3270;—1. LN 93-place (loc.) Jazer: town of Gad in Gilead E of the Jordan (Nu 21:32; 32:1, 3, 35; Jos 13:25; 21:39; 2Sa 24:5; 1Ch 6:66[EB 81]; 26:31; Isa 16:8, 9; Jer 48:32a+); 2. LN 93-place Sea of Jazer: an otherwise unknown body of water (Jer 48:32b+)

יַעְזֵר (yǎʿ·zēr): see 6468

יעט (yʿṭ): see 3598

3598 יָעַט (yā·ʿǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 3271; TWOT 881—LN 49 (qal pf. 3ms.) cover, array, i.e., to clothe with garments (Isa 61:10+) for another interp, see 6486 (hif)

3599 יְעִיאֵל (yeʿî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3273;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeiel: 1. of Reuben (1Ch 5:7+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 9:35+), note: NIV text adds this name to Heb. text in 1Ch 8:29, this is an insertion in MT, see BHS ftn 3. great warrior for David (1Ch 11:44+) 4. Levitical choir member (1Ch 15:18+) 5. Levitical harpist (1Ch 15:21; 1Ch 16:5; 2Ch 29:13 Q, for K see 3590(3.)+, note: possibly same as 4., identification difficult) 6. ancestor of Jahaziel the prophet (2Ch 20:14+) 7. officer in the Uzziah’s army (2Ch 26:11+) 8. contributor to Passover in King Josiah’sing. day (2Ch 35:9+) 9. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:43+)

יָעִים (yā·ʿîm) Lisowsky: see 3582

יָעִיר (yā·ʿîr) BDB: see 6424

3600 יָעִיר (yā·ʿîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3265;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jair: father of Elhanan (1Ch 20:5 Q+), see also 3629, note: for K, see 3592

יָעִישׁ (yā·ʿîš) BDB: see 3601

3601 יְעִישׁ (yeʿîš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3274;—LN 93-pers. (male) [Jeish] (Ge 36:5 K,14 K; 1Ch 7:10 K), note: for Q see 3593

3602 יַעְכָּן (yǎʿ·kān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3275;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jacan: of Gad (1Ch 5:13+)

יעל (yʿl): see 3603

3603 יָעַל (yā·ʿǎl): v.; ≡ Str 3276; TWOT 882—1. LN 65.30–65.39 (hif) have value, have benefit, i.e., have a use or gain in some way (1Sa 12:21); 2. LN 68.22–68.33 succeed, i.e., to accomplish or fulfill something (Job 30:13; Isa 47:12); 3. LN 65.1–65.16 have value (Isa 30:6; Jer 12:13)

3604 I. יָעֵל (yā·ʿēl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3277; TWOT 883a—LN 4.1–4.37 male mountain goat, a wild goat or Ibex, i.e., an animal of the Capra family (1Sa 24:3[EB 2]; Job 39:1; Ps 104:18+)

יָעֵל (yā·ʿēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3277; TWOT 883a—LN 93-place (loc.) צוּר הַ־ יָעֵל (ṣûr hǎ- yā·ʿēl) Crag of the Wild Goat: place in the area of the Dead Sea, not precisely known (1Sa 24:3[EB 2]+)

3605 II. יָעֵל (yā·ʿēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3278;—LN 93-pers. (female) Jael: wife of Heber (Jdg 4:17, 18, 21, 22; 5:6, 24+)

3606 יַעֲלָא (yǎ·ʿǎlā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3279;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaala: father of returnee from captivity (Ne 7:58+), see also 3608

3607 I. יַעֲלָה (yǎ·ʿǎlā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3280; TWOT 883b—LN 4.1–4.37 (Tanakh) female mountain goat, a wild goat or ibex, i.e., an animal of the Capra family; (NIV) deer (Pr 5:19+); (ASV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, NAB) doe; (KJV) roe; (NJB) fawn; (NEB, REB) hind, note: the versions reluctance to translate as “goat” may the cultural-association of a goat not being beautiful

3608 II. יַעֲלָה (yǎ·ʿǎlā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3279;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaalah (Jaala NIV): father of returnee from captivity (Ezr 2:56+), see also 3606

3609 יַעְלָם (yǎʿ·lām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3281;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jalam: son of Esau (Ge 36:5, 14, 18; 1Ch 1:35+)

3610 I. יַעַן (yǎ·ʿǎn): c. and prep.; ≡ Str 3282; TWOT 1650e—LN 89.15–89.38 because, since, for, i.e., a marker of cause or reason, with a possible temporal element (Nu 20:12)

יַעַן (yǎ·ʿǎn): n.[masc.]—see 3610

3611 II. יַעַן (yǎ·ʿǎn): n.pr.—LN 93-place (loc.) Jaan: part of a compound name, Dan Jaan, see also 1970

3612 יָעֵן (yā·ʿēn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3283; TWOT 884a—LN 4.38–4.46 male ostrich, i.e., a swift two-toed flightless bird, Struthio camelus (La 4:3 Q+), note: likely considered a bird in OT taxonomy

3613 יַעֲנָה (yǎ·ʿǎnā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3284; TWOT 884b—LN 4.38–4.46 unit: בַּת ט יַעֲנָה (bǎṯ ṭ yǎ·ʿǎnā(h)) bird, formally, daughter of greed, or daughter of wilderness, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; (NIV, KJV, NJB) a kind of owl (Lev 11:16; Dt 14:15; Job 30:29; Isa 13:21; 34:13; 43:20; Jer 50:39; Mic 1:8+); (ASV, NASB, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, NAB, Tanakh) female ostrich Struthio camelus

3614 יַעְנַי (yǎʿ·nǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3285;—LN 93-pers. (male) Janai: of Gad (1Ch 5:12+)

יְעֹעֵרוּ (yeʿō·ʿē·rû): see 6424 (pilpel Isa 15:5)

יעף (yʿp) Lisowsky, KB: see 3615, 3616

יעף (yʿp)[1] Holladay: see 3615

יעף (yʿp)[2] Holladay: see 3616

3615 I. יָעֵף (yā·ʿēp̄): v.; ≡ Str 3286; TWOT 885—1. LN 23.78–23.87 (qal) grow tired, be faint, i.e., to physically exhaust oneself (Isa 40:28, 30, 31; 44:12; Jer 2:24; 51:58; Hab 2:13+), note: for another interp in Da 9:21, see 3616; 2. LN 20.31–20.60 fall, i.e., to be destroyed, in reference to a civilization being militarily ruined (Jer 51:64+)

3616 II. יָעֵף (yā·ʿēp̄): v.; ≡ Str 3288; TWOT 885b—1. LN 23.78–23.87 (hof) (NASB, NEB ftn) be faint, be wearied, i.e., pertaining to a tired manner (Da 9:21+), for another interp, see 3615; 2. LN 15.245 (hof) (most versions) swift flight (Da 9:21+); 3. LN 15.245 (hof) (REB, NJB ftn) close flight, i.e., flight which involves coming close enough to touch (Da 9:21+), note: “weary” as a reference to Daniel is likely the best solution, see WBC30: 228

3617 III. יָעֵף (yā·ʿēp̄): n.masc. [oth adj.]; ≡ Str 3287; TWOT 885a—LN 23.78–23.87 weary one, exhausted person, i.e., a physically fatigued one (Jdg 8:15; 2Sa 16:2; Isa 40:29; 50:4+)

3618 יְעָף (yeʿāp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3288; TWOT 885b—1. LN 15.245 flight, i.e., the act. of movement through the air by means of wings (Da 9:21+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 23.78–23.87 weariness, i.e., a physical tiredness (Da 9:21+); 3. LN 23.78–23.87 unit: יָעֵף בְּ־ יְעָף (yā·ʿēp̄ b- yeʿāp̄) be very tired (Da 9:21+), note: possibly as a reference to Daniel, not the angel; 4. LN 15.245 unit: יָעֵף בְּ־ יְעָף (yā·ʿēp̄ b- yeʿāp̄) fly very fast (Da 9:21+)

יעץ (yʿṣ): see 3619

3619 יָעַץ (yā·ʿǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 3289; TWOT 887—1. LN 30.75–30.85 (qal) determine, plan, intend, purpose, i.e., come to an informed, deliberated conclusion on a matter, and take action (Isa 23:8); (qal pass.) determined, decided (Isa 14:26+); (nif) decided (2Ch 30:2); 2. LN 39.34–39.41 (qal) plot, plan, i.e., rise up in open defiance, with a focus on making plans based on mutual advice within a group (Jer 49:30); (nif) plan, plot, conspire (Ps 71:10; 83:6); (hitp) plot, take counsel (Ps 83:4[EB 3]+); 3. LN 33.294–33.298 (qal) give advise, give counsel, i.e., tell someone what one should plan to do, implying value in the eyes of the subject soliciting the advice, with some elements of warning in the advice (Ex 18:19); 4. LN 33.161–33.177 (nif) seek advise, consult, confer (1Ki 12:6)

3620 יַעֲקֹב (yǎ·ʿǎqōḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3290; TWOT 1676f—LN 93-pers. Jacob: 1. (male) grandson of Abraham, named Israel, father of the 12 tribes (Ge 25:26) 2. (gent.) nation named for 1 (Nu 23:7)

3621 יַעֲקֹבָה (yǎ·ʿǎqō·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3291;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaakobah: of Simeon (1Ch 4:36+)

יַעֲקוֹב (yǎ·ʿǎqôḇ): see 3620

3622 יַעֲקָן (yǎ·ʿǎqān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3292;—LN 93-pers. 1. (male) of Ezer (1Ch 1:42+), note: for NIV text in 1Ch 1:42, see 6826; 2. (gent.) Jaakan: an unknown person (Dt 10:6+), note: oth as a place Beer Bene Jakaan; also, a part of a compound name, Bene Jaakan, see 1223

3623 I. יַעַר (yǎ·ʿǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3264, 3293; TWOT 888, 889—1. LN 3.3 forest, woods, thicket, i.e., relatively large area that contains trees and brush (2Ki 2:24); 2. LN 1.95–1.98 tree groves, i.e., a cultivated area of trees (SS 2:3), note: for another interp in Ps 29:9, see cj at 3627; for another interp in 1Sa 14:26, see 3624

3624 II. יַעַר (yǎ·ʿǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3293; TWOT 888—LN 5.1–5.22 honeycomb, i.e., a structure of wax cells that contain honey (1Sa 14:25, 26; SS 5:1+), for another interp in First Samuel, see 3623

3625 III. יַעַר (yǎ·ʿǎr): n.pr. [oth n.masc. of 3623]; ≡ Str 3293; TWOT 888—LN 93-place (loc.) Jaar: site mentioned in connection with Ephrathah (Ps 132:6+), see NIV ftn

3626 I. יַעֲרָה (yǎ·ʿǎrā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3295; TWOT 889b—LN 5.1–5.22 honeycomb, i.e., a structure of wax cells that contain honey (1Sa 14:27+)

3627 II. יַעֲרָה (yǎ·ʿǎrā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3295; TWOT 889b—LN 4.1–4.37 kid, i.e., a young goat (Ps 29:9 cj+), for another interp, see 3623; note: though this is possible cj, the likely meaning is 3623

3628 יַעְרָה (yǎʿ·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3294;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jarah: of Saul (1Ch 9:42+, note: for NIV text, see 3586

3629 יַעֲרֵי אֹרְגִים (yǎ·ʿǎrê ʾō·reḡîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3296;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaare-Oregim: father of Elhanan (2Sa 21:19+), note: in 1Ch 20:5, see also 3600

3630 יְעָרִים (yeʿā·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3297;—LN 93-place (a mountain) Jearim: hill on the border of Judah (Jos 15:10+), see also 4076; also, a part of a compound name, Kiriath Jearim, see 7961

3631 יַעֲרֶשְׁיָה (yǎ·ʿǎrěš·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3298;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaareshiah: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:27+)

יעשׂו (yʿśw) BDB: see 3632

3632 יַעֲשׂוּ (yǎ·ʿǎśû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3299;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaasu: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:37 K+), note: for Q (in some MSS) see also 3633

יַעֲשַׂי (yǎ·ʿǎśǎy) BDB: see 3633

3633 יַעֲשָׂי (yǎ·ʿǎśāy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3299;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaaso: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:37 Q+), note: for K (in some MSS) see also 3633

3634 יַעֲשִׂיאֵל (yǎ·ʿǎśî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3300;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaasiel: 1. a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:47+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 27:21+)

3635 יִפְדְיָה (yip̄·ḏeyā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3301;—LN 93-pers. (male) Iphdeiah: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:25+)

יִפְדְּיָה (yip̄·deyā(h)) BDB: see 3635

יפה (yph): see 3636

3636 יָפָה (yā·p̄ā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3302; TWOT 890—1. LN 49 (qal) be, become, beautiful (SS 7:2[EB 1],7[EB 6]; Eze 16:13; 31:7+); (piel) adorn, make beautiful (Jer 10:4+); (pual) be handsome or beautiful (Ps 45:3[EB 2]+), note: some parse as a pealal; (hitp) adorn oneself (Jer 4:30+), see also domain LN 79.9–79.17; 2. LN 25.102–25.115 (qal) be delightful, formally, beautiful, i.e., have feelings of enjoyment and pleasure from an object (SS 4:10+)

3637 יָפֶה (yā·p̄ě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 3303; TWOT 890a—1. LN 79.9–79.17 beautiful, fair, lovely, handsome, i.e., pertaining to an appearance that is considered attractive in relation to its person, class or kind (1Sa 17:42; 1Sa 25:3); 2. LN 66 proper, i.e., pertaining to what corresponds to an expectation (Ecc 5:17[EB 18])

3638 יְפֵה־פִיָּה (yep̄ē(h)-·p̄iy·yā(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 3304; TWOT 890b—LN 79.9–79.17 sleek, beautiful, pretty, i.e., pertaining to an appearance that is considered attractive in relation to its person, class or kind (Jer 46:20+), for another interp, see 3645

3639 יָפוֹ (yā·p̄ô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3305;—LN 93-place (loc.) Joppa: maritime town of Dan,, (Jos 19:46; 2Ch 2:15[EB 16]; Ezr 3:7; Jnh 1:3+), see also DBLGrk 2673

יָפוֹא (yā·p̄ô(ʾ)): see 3639 (Ezr 3:7)

יפח (ypḥ): see 3640

3640 יָפַח (yā·p̄ǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 3306; TWOT 891—LN 23.185–23.187 (hitp impf. 3fs.) gasp for breath, pant, i.e., the act. of heavy breathing caused by extreme physical exertion, implying anxiety and worry (Jer 4:31+)

3641 יָפֵחַ (yā·p̄ēaḥ): n.masc. [oth adj. or qal impf.3ms. of 7032]; ≡ Str 3307; TWOT 891a—LN 33.262–33.273 witness, one who speak out, formally, breathing out, i.e., one who speaks as someone with direct knowledge (Ps 27:12+)

יְפִי (yep̄î) BDB: see 3642

3642 יֳפִי (yǒp̄î): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3308; TWOT 890c—LN 79.9–79.17 beauty, i.e., pertaining to an attractive appearance in accord with its person, class or kind, implying desirability (Est 1:11; Ps 45:12[EB 11])

3643 I. יָפִיעַ (yā·p̄îaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3309;—LN 93-place (loc.) Japhia: town on the eastern border of Zebulun (Jos 19:12+), see also 3644

3644 II. יָפִיעַ (yā·p̄îaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3309;—LN 93-pers. (male) Japhia: 1. see also 3643 2. king of Lachish (Jos 10:3+) 3. son of David (2Sa 5:15; 1Ch 3:7; 14:6+)

3645 יְפֵיפִיָּה (yep̄ê·p̄iy·yā(h)): adj.fem.; ≡ Str 3304; TWOT 890b—LN 79.9–79.17 sleek, beautiful, pretty, i.e., pertaining to an appearance that is considered attractive in relation to its person, class or kind, with an implication of endearment (Jer 46:20 cj+), for another interp, see 3638

3646 יַפְלֵט (yǎp̄·lēṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3310;—LN 93-pers. (male) Japhlet: of Asher (1Ch 7:32, 33+)

3647 יַפְלֵטִי (yǎp̄·lē·ṭî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3311;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Japhletite: pertaining to descendants of Joseph (Jos 16:3+)

3648 יְפֻנֶּה (yep̄ǔn·ně(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3312;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jephunneh: 1. father of Caleb the explorer (Nu 13:6) 2. of Asher (1Ch 7:38+)

יפע (ypʿ): see 3649

3649 יָפַע (yā·p̄ǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 3313; TWOT 892—LN 14.36–14.52 (hif) shine forth, be glorious, i.e., have presence of bright light, often with the implication of a potent presence and approval (Dt 33:2; Job 3:4; 10:3, 22; 37:15; Ps 50:2; 80:2[EB 1]; 94:1+)

3650 יִפְעָה (yip̄·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3314; TWOT 892a—LN 79.18–79.23 splendor, glory, i.e., an appearance that is splendid and remarkable (Eze 28:7, 17+)

3651 יֶפֶת (yě·p̄ěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3315;—LN 93-pers. (male) Japheth: son of Noah (Ge 5:32; 6:10; 7:13; 9:18, 23, 27 10:1, 2, 21; 1Ch 1:4, 5+)

3652 I. יִפְתָּח (yip̄·tāḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3316;—LN 93-place (loc.) Iphtah: site in the western foothills of Judah (Jos 15:43+)

3653 II. יִפְתָּח (yip̄·tāḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3316;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jephthah: delivering judge of Israel (Jdg 11:1–12:7 passim; 1Sa 12:11+)

3654 יִפְתַּח־אֵל (yip̄·tǎḥ-·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3317;—LN 93-place (loc.) Iphtah El: valley between Asher and Zebulun (Jos 19:14, 27+)

יצא (yṣʾ): see 3655

3655 יָצָא (yā·ṣā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 3318; TWOT 893—1. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) go out, come out, i.e., leave an area with linear movement (Ge 8:16), note: context will allow a great variety of translation equivalents for this lexeme; 2. LN 15.187–15.211 (hif) bring out, i.e., carry or bear an object from one place to another with linear movement (Ge 14:18); (hof) be brought out (Ge 38:25); 3. LN 84.1–84.15 (qal) extend, formally, go out, i.e., mark an extension from a source (Ex 25:33); 4. LN 55.7–55.13 (qal) serve, formally, go out, i.e., be in an army (Nu 1:3); 5. LN 10.14–10.48 (qal) descend, formally, go out, i.e., be of a successive generation (1Ch 2:53); 6. LN 23.188–23.196 (hif) produce, formally, cause to go forth, i.e., cause a living plant to grow (Ge 1:12); 7. LN 88.171–88.191 (hif) vent, i.e., give expression of anger (Pr 29:11); 8. LN 33.189–33.217 (hif) spread, disseminate, i.e., give out information broadly and publicly (Nu 13:32); 9. LN 25.223–25.250 unit: יָצָא לֵב (yā·ṣā(ʾ) lēḇ) be worried, formally, heart goes out, i.e., be in a state of anxiety and distress (Ge 42:28); 10. LN 88.83–88.92 unit: יָצָא הַ־ יַיִן מִן (yā·ṣā(ʾ) hǎ- yǎ·yin min) be sober, formally, have wine go out of one (1Sa 25:37); 11. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: יָצָא יָרֵךְ (yā·ṣā(ʾ) yā·rēḵ) descendant, formally, what comes out of the loins, i.e., kin from a successive generation (Ge 46:26; Ex 1:5); 12. LN 55.2–55.6 unit: יָצָא לְ־ הַ־ מִלְחָמָה (yā·ṣā(ʾ) l- hǎ- mil·ḥā·mā(h)) go to war, formally, go out to the battle, i.e., to make hostile military actions toward an enemy (Jdg 20:14); 13. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: יָצָא נֶפֶשׁ (yā·ṣā(ʾ) ně·p̄ěš) dying, formally, going out of the soul, i.e., the very beginning of the state of no longer being alive (Ge 35:18); 14. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: יָצָא מִן רֶחֶם (yā·ṣā(ʾ) min rě·ḥěm) be born, formally, come out from the womb, i.e., pass. from inside the uterus into the outside world (Nu 12:12; 10:18; Jer 1:5; Jer 20:18+); 15. LN 33.286–33.290 unit: יָצָא מִן פֶּה (yā·ṣā(ʾ) min pě(h)) promise, formally, go out of the mouth, i.e., announce with certainty a future event, implying personal involvement (Nu 32:24), note: Isa 30:22 see also 7361

יצב (yṣb): see 3656

3656 יָצַב (yā·ṣǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 3320; TWOT 894—1. LN 17.1–17.11 (hitp) stand, i.e., be in a standing position, implying one stays in the same position for an extended period of time (Ex 2:4); 2. LN 74 (hitp) resist, formally, stand firm, be in a state of firm inner strength as an extension of being in a standing position and not moving or running away (Ex 14:13); 3. LN 55.2–55.6 (hitp) take one’s stand, i.e., take a defensive fighting position, as an extension of being in a standing, staying position (1Ch 11:14); 4. LN 53.66–53.95 (hitp) present oneself, i.e., stand ready for service to authority, as a function of worship, implying subservience and submission (Jos 24:1; Zec 6:5); 5. LN 24.1–24.51 (hitp) appear, formally, stand out, i.e., have a certain prominent appearance as a figurative extension of standing in a certain position (Job 38:14), note: for Job 38:14 cj, see 7388; 6. LN 35.19–35.30 (hitp) serve, formally, stand, i.e., render help and assistance to another, as an extension of standing in the presence of a superior (Pr 22:29); 7. LN 30.86–30.107 (hitp) commit oneself, formally, stand, i.e., choose a course of action and stick to it with dedication, as an extension of standing firm in a position (Ps 36:5[EB 4]); 8. LN 33.291–33.293 unit: (hitp) יָצַב לְ־ פָּנֶה (yā·ṣǎḇ l- pā·ně(h)) confront, formally, stand before, i.e., speak words which both announce and warn (Ex 8:16[EB 20]); 9. LN 39.18–39.20 unit: (hitp) יָצַב בְּ־ פָּנֶה (yā·ṣǎḇ b- pā·ně(h)) stand against, resist, i.e., to actively oppose or resist power (Dt 7:24), note: for NIV text in Eze 26:20, see 5989, 7382

יצג (yṣg): see 3657

3657 יָצַג (yā·ṣǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 3322; TWOT 895—1. LN 85.32–85.54 (hif) set, place, i.e., put an object in a location for any period of time (Ge 30:38; 33:15; 43:9; Dt 28:56; Jdg 6:37; 7:5; 8:27; 1Sa 5:2; 2Sa 6:17; 1Ch 16:1+); 2. LN 33.189–33.217 (hif) present, i.e., introduce an object to a superior, as an extension of placing or setting an object in a place (Ge 47:2+); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 (hif) cause to happen, formally, place, put, i.e., make an event occur as an extension of setting forth an object to a place (Job 17:6; Jer 51:34; Am 5:15+); 4. LN 49 (hif) strip, i.e., cause one to not keep on clothing (Hos 2:5[EB 3]+); 5. LN 85.65–85.66 (hof) leave, formally, cause to be left behind, i.e., leave an object in a place, having departed to another area (Ex 10:24+)

3658 I. יִצְהָר (yiṣ·hār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3323; TWOT 1883c—1. LN 6.197–6.202 olive oil, i.e., the vegetable oil from the crushed and pressed olive berry, implied in some contexts to be freshly-produced oil (Nu 18:12; Dt 7:13; 11:14; 12:17; 14:23; 18:4; 28:51; 2Ki 18:32; 2Ch 31:5; 32:28; Ne 5:11; 10:38[EB 37],40[EB 39]; 13:5, 12; Jer 31:12; Hos 2:10[EB 8],24[EB 22]; Joel 1:10; 2:19, 24; Hag 1:11+); 2. LN 53.66–53.95 unit: בֵּן הַ־ יִצְהָר (bēn hǎ- yiṣ·hār)1 anointed leader, formally, son of olive oil, i.e., one who is called to special service and authority, possibly having a ceremony of a small amount of olive oil poured upon their head (Zec 4:14+)

3659 II. יִצְהָר (yiṣ·hār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3324;—LN 93-pers. (male) Izhar: of Levi (Ex 6:18, 21; Nu 3:19; 16:1; 1Ch 5:28[EB 6:2]; 6:3[EB 18],23[EB 38]; 23:12, 18), see also 3660

3660 יִצְהָרִי (yiṣ·hā·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3325;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Izharite: pertaining to Izhar (Nu 3:27; 1Ch 24:22; 26:23, 29+), see also 3659

3661 I. יָצוּעַ (yā·ṣûaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3326; TWOT 896a—1. LN 6.106–6.117 bed, couch, i.e., what one sleeps upon as a piece of furniture or a simple mat (Job 17:13; Ps 63:7[EB 6]; 132:3+); 2. LN 34.66–34.78 marriage union, formally, bed, i.e., the sexual union of a marriage as a figurative extension of a bed (Ge 49:4; 1Ch 5:1+), see also domain LN 23.61–23.65 or LN 88.271–88.282

3662 II. יָצוּעַ (yā·ṣûaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3326; TWOT 896a—LN 7.26–7.53 structure, room, i.e., a part of a larger construction (1Ki 6:5 K,6 K,10 K), note: for Q, see 3666

3663 יִצְחָק (yiṣ·ḥāq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3327; TWOT 1905b—LN 93-pers. (male) Isaac: promised son of Abraham (Ge 17:19–35:29 passim), see also 3773(2.)

3664 יִצְחָר (yiṣ·ḥār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3328;—LN 93-pers. (male) (ASV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, NAB) Izhar: (Jezoar KJV, NEB, REB) son of Helah (1Ch 4:7 K+), note: for Q, see 7468(3.)

3665 יָצִיא (yā·ṣî(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 3329; TWOT 893a—LN 9.41–9.45 son, i.e., pertaining to a child, formally, one coming forth or issued forth (2Ch 32:21+)

3666 יָצִיעַ (yā·ṣîaʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3326; TWOT 896a—LN 7.26–7.53 structure, room, i.e., a part of a larger construction (1Ki 6:5, 6, 10+), note: some give meaning as an entire annex or wing of building

יצע (yṣʿ): see 3667

3667 יָצַע (yā·ṣǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 3331; TWOT 896—1. LN 17.26–17.28 (hif) lay down, formally spread out, i.e., be in a reclining stance not related to eating (Isa 58:5+); (hof) lay down (Est 4:3+); 2. LN 16 (hof) be spread out, i.e., the non-linear motion of scattering or strewing objects over a relatively small area (Isa 14:11+); 3. LN 46 (hif) make a bed, formally, spread out a cover, i.e., prepare to sleep by spreading out coverings, with a focus that one stays in a place for an extended period of time (Ps 139:8+)

יצק (yṣq): see 3668

3668 יָצַק (yā·ṣǎq): v.; ≡ Str 3332; TWOT 897—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) pour out, cast out, i.e., move liquid or molten material from a container or normally closed system, out on an object (Ge 28:18); (qal pass.) be cast, be poured out (1Ki 7:24); (hif) pour out (2Ki 4:5); (hof) be poured (Lev 21:10); 2. LN 90.85–90.97 (qal) experience favor, formally, pour out, i.e., have a full and favorable circumstance or experience as a figurative extension of pouring a liquid out of a container, implying copious amounts (Isa 44:3); (hof) be anointed (Ps 45:3[EB 2]); 3. LN 79.7–79.8 (qal pass.) be hard, i.e., pertaining to being firm and solid (Job 41:16[EB 24]); (hof) be frozen, be hard (Job 37:10); 4. LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) serve food, formally, pour out, i.e., remove food from a cooking area and prepare it to individuals for eating (2Sa 13:9; 2Ki 4:41); 5. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal pass.) have happen, be beset, i.e., have an occurrence of an event happen (Ps 41:9[EB 8]); 6. LN 85.32–85.54 (hif) set down, formally, pour out, i.e., put an object in a place, as an extension of pouring out an object (2Sa 15:24); 7. LN 16 (hif) spread out, i.e., the non-linear dispersing motion of scattering or strewing objects over a relatively small area, as an extension of pouring out a liquid from a container (Jos 7:23); 8. LN 47.14–47.18 (hof) be washed away, formally, poured out, i.e., the removal of a mass of material by force and pressure of flood water in a river (Job 22:16); 9. LN 74 (hof) be founded, i.e., be internally strong and able as an extension of the casting of molten material into a firm, solid casting (Job 11:15); 10. LN 79.7–79.8 unit: (qal) יָצַק לְ־ הַ־ מוּצָק (yā·ṣǎq l- hǎ- mû·ṣāq)1 become hard, formally, pour out to the casting, i.e., pertaining to being solid or firm (with dryness) in contrast to moist, crumbly material, as a figurative extension of a hardened casting of molten material (Job 38:38), note: for another parsing in Job 28:2; 29:6, see 7440; Job 37:10, for another interp, see 4608; note: there may be overlap in verses with 4607

3669 יְצֻקָה (yeṣǔ·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3333; TWOT 897a—LN 47 casting of metal, i.e., a molding of a piece of metal into one piece (1Ki 7:24+)

יצר (yṣr): see 3670

3670 יָצַר (yā·ṣǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3335; TWOT 898—1. LN 42.29–42.40 (qal) form, fashion, shape, forge, i.e., create an object out of existing material, or within existing events of time (Ge 2:7); (nif) be formed (Isa 43:10); (hof) be forged (Isa 54:17); 2. LN 30.56–30.74 (qal) plan, devise, prepare, i.e., think about future actions with a particular plan of action as an extension of forming an object by artistic, careful design (2Ki 19:25); (pual) ordained (Ps 139:16); 3. LN 12.1–12.42 (qal ptcp.) Maker, Creator, i.e., one who forms and fashions material, as a title of God (Isa 27:11; 45:9, 11; Jer 10:16; 51:19+); 4. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) cause, formally, forms, i.e., cause an event to happen as a figurative extension of fashioning an object (Ps 94:20), note: Isa 29:16b; 45:9b; 64:7[EB 8] some place as noun of 3450

3671 I. יֵצֶר (yē·ṣěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3336; TWOT 898a—1. LN 6.118–6.151 pot (Isa 29:16+); 2. LN 42.29–42.40 creation, i.e., a thing someone fashions or forms (Ps 103:14; Hab 2:18+); 3. LN 30.1–30.38 a thought, inclination, i.e., the content of thinking and reasoning (Ge 6:5; 8:21; Dt 31:21; Isa 26:3+); 4. LN 25.1–25.11 motivation, desire, i.e., what one wants or wishes for (1Ch 28:9; 29:18+)

3672 II. יֵצֶר (yē·ṣěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3337, 3340;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jezer: son of Naphtali (Ge 46:24; Nu 26:49; 1Ch 7:13+), see also 3673

יֹצֵר (yō·ṣēr): see 3450 or 3670

3673 יִצְרִי (yiṣ·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3339;—LN 93-pers. 1. (gent.) Jezerite: pertaining to Jezer, see also 3672; 2. (male) Izri: musician (1Ch 25:11+)

3674 יְצֻרִים (yeṣǔ·rîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 3338; TWOT 898b—1. LN 8.9–8.69 limbs of the body, i.e., the arms and legs of the body (Job 17:7+), note: some give meaning as the inner organs of the body; 2. LN 8.1–8.8 unit: יְצֻרִים (yeṣǔ·rîm) … כֹּל (kōl) physique, body frame, formally, all the limbs, i.e., the whole body (Job 17:7+)

יצת (yṣt): see 3675

3675 יָצַת (yā·ṣǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 3341; TWOT 899—1. LN 14.63–14.73 (qal) set ablaze, burn, i.e., have a fire burn and consume an object (Isa 9:17); (nif) burned (Ne 1:3); (hif) kindle, set on fire (Jos 8:8); 2. LN 78.1–78.27 (qal) high degree, formally, burn, i.e., be in a very high degree of a condition or state as an extension of a consuming, burning fire (2Ki 22:13, 17), note: in context, a high degree of anger

3676 יֶקֶב (yě·qěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3342; TWOT 900a—1. LN 6.118–6.151 press, i.e., a container to mash fruit of trees and plants, press out the liquid with weights and channel into vat or other containers, sometimes carved out of bedrock (Nu 18:27, 30; Dt 15:14; 16:13; Jdg 7:25; 2Ki 6:27; Job 24:11; Isa 5:2; 16:10; Jer 48:33; Hos 9:2; Zec 14:10+), note: in context either grape juice or olive oil; 2. LN 6.118–6.151 vat, i.e., small reservoir to hold juice or oil (Pr 3:10; Joel 2:24; 4:13[EB 3:13]; Hag 2:16+), note: there may be overlap in verses and meanings

3677 יְקַבְצְאֵל (yeqǎḇ·ṣeʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3343;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jekabzeel: town inhabited by some of the returnees from Babylon, (Ne 11:25+)

יקד (yqd): see 3678

3678 יָקַד (yā·qǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 3344; TWOT 901—LN 14.63–14.73 (qal) burn, kindle a fire (Dt 32:22; Isa 10:16; 65:5+); (hof) be kept burning, be kindled (Lev 6:2[EB 9],5[EB 12],6[EB 13]; Jer 15:14; 17:4+)

3679 יְקֹד (yeqōḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3350; TWOT 901a—1. LN 2.3–2.6 fire, i.e., a pile of combustible material burning (Isa 10:16a+), see also domain LN 14.63–14.73; 2. LN 2.3–2.6 flame, i.e., a tongue of fire that is the burning vapor around a fire (Isa 10:16b+)

3680 יָקְדְעָם (yāq·ḏeʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3347;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jokdeam: site in the hill country of Judah (Jos 15:56+)

3681 יָקֶה (yā·qě(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3348;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jakeh: father of the Agur (Pr 30:1+)

3682 יְקָהָה (yeqā·hā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3349; TWOT 902a—LN 36.12–36.30 obedience, i.e., the act. of following the guidance of an authority (Ge 49:10; Pr 30:17+)

יְקוֹד (yeqôḏ): see 3679 (Isa 10:16b+)

3683 יָקוּד (yā·qûḏ): n.[masc.] [BDB: qal pass.ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 3344; TWOT 901—LN 6.106–6.117 hearth, i.e., fire-holding area of a fireplace, as a cooking area (Isa 30:14+)

3684 יָקוֹט (yā·qôṭ): n.masc. [BDB: poss. qal impf.3ms. of 7753]; ≡ Str 2901, 6990; TWOT 1997—LN 19.34–19.42 fragile thing, i.e., an object which can break or snap easily (Job 8:14+), note: for Job 8:14 cj see 7797; note: context of the MT text favors parsing as a noun, “gossamer,” or “light thread,” as a physiological product of a spider’s body, see also domain LN 8.70–8.77, though sources vary on both text and translation

3685 יְקוּם (yeqûm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3351; TWOT 1999f—1. LN 4 living creature, i.e., a being of any kind, human or animal, in the state of biological life (Ge 7:4, 23+); 2. LN 4.1–4.37 domestic animal, i.e., any creature that resides in an agricultural household (Dt 11:6+), note: in context this would be mostly small and large mammals

יָקוּם (yā·qûm): see 7756 (qal impf.)

3686 יָקוֹשׁ (yā·qôš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3352; TWOT 906a—LN 44 fowler, bait-layer, i.e., one who snares birds (Hos 9:8+), see also 3687

3687 יָקוּשׁ (yā·qûš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3353; TWOT 906b—LN 44 fowler, bait-layer, i.e., one who snares birds (Ps 91:3; Pr 6:5; Jer 5:26+), see also 3686

3688 יְקוּתִיאֵל (yeqû·ṯî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3354;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jekuthiel: of Judah (1Ch 4:18+)

3689 יָקַח (yā·qǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 3947; TWOT 1124—LN 88.206–88.222 (hif) become insolent, i.e., behave in a proud and haughty manner, so showing arrogance and audacity toward an authority (Nu 16:1+), note: for MT text, see 4374

3690 יָקְטָן (yāq·ṭān): n.pr. [Holladay: also, people]; ≡ Str 3355;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joktan: of Noah through Shem (Ge 10:25, 26, 29; 1Ch 1:19, 20, 23+)

יְקִים (yeqîm): see 7756 (hif impf.)

3691 יָקִים (yā·qîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3356;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jakim: 1. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:19+) 2. priest of the 12th course (1Ch 24:12+)

3692 יַקִּיר (yǎq·qîr): adj.; ≡ Str 3357; TWOT 905c—LN 25.33–25.58 dear, beloved, very precious, i.e., pertaining to having a great affection (Jer 31:20+)

3693 יְקַמְיָה (yeqǎm·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3359;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jekamiah: 1. of Judah through Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:41+) 2. son of King Jehoiachin, i.e., Jeconiah (1Ch 3:18+)

3694 יְקַמְעָם (yeqǎm·ʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3360;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jekameam: of Levi (1Ch 23:19; 24:23+)

3695 יָקְמְעָם (yāq·meʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3361;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jokmeam: Levitical town of Ephraim (1Ki 4:12; 1Ch 6:53[EB 68]+), note: possibly see also 7698

3696 יָקְנְעָם (yāq·neʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3362;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jokneam: Levitical town on the S edge of the Plain of Megiddo, (Jos 12:22; 19:11; 21:34; 1Ch 6:62[EB 77]+)

יקע (yqʿ): see 3697

3697 יָקַע (yā·qǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 3363; TWOT 903—1. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) turn, twist, wrench, sprain, i.e., dislocate a joint of the body by twisting and pressure (Ge 32:26[EB 25]+); 2. LN 34.40–34.41 (qal) be alienated, turn in disgust, formally, turn away, i.e., disassociate oneself from others as an extension of pivoting or turning in an abrupt, terse, non-linear motion (Jer 6:8; Eze 23:17, 18+); 3. LN 20.61–20.88 (hif) kill, i.e., put to death and then expose the body to some form of mutilation by tearing or disjointing, and so result in a disgusting appearance (Nu 25:4; 2Sa 21:6, 9+); (hof) be killed and exposed (2Sa 21:13+)

3698 יְקִפָּאוֹן (yeqip·pā·ʾôn): [qal impf.3mp. of 7884]; ≡ Str 3368; TWOT 905a—see 2256 + 7884 (Zec 14:6 K+), note: apparently, the MT reads (after some repointing), “the qualities will diminish,”; the Q in the MT would read “thick (freezing) frost,” see 7885; BHS suggests “cold and frost” based on ancient versions, q.v.

יקץ (yqṣ): see 3699

3699 יָקַץ (yā·qǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 3364; TWOT 904—1. LN 23.66–23.77 (qal) wake up, awake, to come out of sleep or stupor as an altered state of awareness (Ge 9:24; 28:16; 41:4, 7, 21; Jdg 16:14, 20; 1Ki 3:15; 18:27; Hab 2:7+); 2. LN 42.7–42.28 (qal) become active, formally, awake from stupor, i.e., to begin to take action (Ps 78:65+)

יקר (yqr): see 3700

3700 יָקַר (yā·qǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3365; TWOT 905—1. LN 65.1–65.16 (qal) be precious, be respected, formally, costly, i.e., be of high value to another, as an extension of an object being scarce and so in high demand (1Sa 26:21; 2Ki 1:13, 14; Ps 72:14; 139:17; Isa 43:4+); 2. LN 57.152–57.171 (qal) be costly, i.e., be of a high price which is paid, implying high value (Ps 49:9[EB 8]; Zec 11:13+); 3. LN 28.28–28.56 (qal) become well known, i.e., be publicly and broadly known (1Sa 18:30+); 4. LN 59.11–59.22 (hif) make scarce, i.e., causing a collection, mass, or event to be little or few (Pr 25:17; Isa 13:12+)

3701 יָקָר (yā·qār): adj.; ≡ Str 3368; TWOT 905a—1. LN 65.1–65.16 precious, valuable, i.e., pertaining to a quality that is considered of high quality (2Sa 12:30; 1Ki 5:31[EB 17]); 2. LN 68.34–68.57 rare, i.e., pertaining to not being commonplace, as an aspect of nearly stopping or ceasing (1Sa 3:1; Pr 24:4); 3. LN 25.33–25.58 beloved, precious, i.e., pertaining to great affection (La 4:2; Ps 116:15); 4. LN 79.9–79.17 splendor, i.e., pertaining to great beauty (Job 31:26; Ps 37:20; 45:10[EB 9]), note: for another interp in Isa 28:16, see 3703; note: for NIV text in Zec 14:6, see 7938

3702 יְקָר (yeqār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3366; TWOT 905b—1. LN 87.19–87.57 honor, respect, i.e., a state of high status in relation to another (Est 1:4, 20; 6:3, 6,7, 9,11; 8:16+); 2. LN 65.1–65.16 treasure, i.e., things of great value and high quality and so may attain a great price (Job 28:10; Ps 49:13[EB 12],21[EB 20]; Pr 20:15; Jer 20:5; Eze 22:25; Zec 11:13+)

3703 יִקְרָה (yiq·rā(h)): n.fem. [oth fem.adj.]; ≡ Str 3368; TWOT 905a—LN 18.12–18.23 meeting, joining, i.e., the act. or state of being joined (Isa 28:16+), for another interp, “precious,” see 3701

יקשׁ (yqš): see 3704

3704 יָקַשׁ (yā·qǎš): v.; ≡ Str 3369; TWOT 906—LN 37.1–37.32 (qal) control, formally, lay a bird snare, set a trap as a figure for capture and so control and rule another, or be controlled by another (Ps 124:7; 141:9; Jer 50:24+); (nif) be ensnared, be trapped (Dt 7:25; Pr 6:2; Isa 8:15; 28:13+); (pual) (Ecc 9:12+), note: for MT text at Ps 9:17[EB 16], see 5943

3705 יָקְשָׁן (yāq·šān): n.pr. [Holladay: also, people]; ≡ Str 3370;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jokshan: son of Abraham-Keturah (Ge 25:2, 3; 1Ch 1:32+)

3706 יָקְתְאֵל (yāq·ṯeʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3371;—LN 93-place (loc.) Joktheel: 1. site in the western foothills of Judah (Jos 15:38+) 2. Edomite place also called Sela (2Ki 14:7+), see also 6153(1.)

ירא (yrʾ)[1] Lisowsky, KB: see 3707

ירא (yrʾ)[2] Lisowsky, KB: see 3708

ירא (yrʾ)[3] Lisowsky, KB: see 3709

3707 I. יָרֵא (yā·rē(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 3372; TWOT 907, 908—1. LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) be afraid, be frightened, i.e., be in a state of feeling great distress, and deep concern of pain or unfavorable circumstance (Ge 3:10); (nif) be in fear (Ps 46:3[EB 2]); (piel) frighten, intimidate (2Ch 32:18); 2. LN 53.53–53.64 (qal) revere, venerate, i.e., show profound respect for one, that borders on fear of the object (Lev 19:32); (nif) be awesome, dreadful (Ps 47:3[EB 2]), note: for nif ptcp. as an a, see 5682.5; 3. LN 87.19–87.57 (qal) respect, revere, i.e., show high status and honor to one in authority even bordering on fear, without necessarily worshiping as deity (Lev 19:3; Jer 10:7), note: for NIV text in Ps 72:5, see 799

3708 II. יָרֵא (yā·rē(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 3372; TWOT 907—LN 15.245 (qal) shoot an arrow, i.e., linear movement through the air (2Ch 26:15+), see also 3721, note: 2Sa 11:24 K (hif), see also 3721

3709 III. יָרֵא (yā·rē(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 3384; TWOT 910—LN 23.78–23.87 (hof) be refreshed, i.e., to be revitalized from tiredness by resting, as a figurative extension of being given water (Pr 11:25+), see also 3722

3710 IV. יָרֵא (yā·rē(ʾ)): adj. [BDB: qal act.ptcp.]; ≡ Str 3373; TWOT 907a—1. LN 87.4–87.18 reverence, fear, i.e., pertaining to respect toward a superior (Ps 22:24[EB 23]; Mal 3:20[EB 4:2]); 2. LN 53.53–53.64 worship, i.e., pertaining to profound reverence to a superior, which may include ritual observance (2Ki 17:41); 3. LN 25.251–25.269 fear, afraid, i.e., pertaining to a being in a state of alarm (Dt 20:8; Jdg 7:3)

3711 יִרְאָה (yir·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3374; TWOT 907b—1. LN 87.4–87.18 reverence, fear, i.e., a state of piety and respect toward a superior (Ex 20:20; Pr 1:7); 2. LN 25.251–25.269 fear, terror, i.e., a state of great anxiety and alarm (Dt 2:25; Ps 55:6[EB 5]; Jnh 1:10, 16); 3. LN 53.53–53.64 worship, i.e., the act. or speech of showing profound reverence toward a superior, which may include ritual action (Ps 5:8[EB 7]; Job 4:6; 15:4; 22:4); 4. LN 25.206–25.222 awesomeness, i.e., that which causes wonder and astonishment (Eze 1:18), note: for MT text in 2Ch 26:5, see 8011

3712 יִרְאוֹן (yir·ʾôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3375;—LN 93-place (loc.) Yiron (Iron NIV): town in Naphtali, (Jos 19:38+)

3713 יִרְאִיָּיה (yir·ʾiy·yāy(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3376;—LN 93-pers. (male) Irijah: guard who seized Jeremiah (Jer 37:13, 14+)

3714 יָרֵב (yā·rēḇ): adj. [BDB: n.masc.epith., oth qal impf.3ms.]; ≡ Str 3377;—LN 87.19–87.57 great, formally, “let him contend,” i.e., pertaining to power and war-likeness, as a title of great status (Hos 5:13; 10:6+)

3715 יְרֻבַּעַל (yerǔb·bǎ·ʿǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3378;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jerub-Baal: delivering judge of Israel (Jdg 6:23–9:57 passim; 1Sa 12:11+), see also 1549, 3717

3716 יָרָבְעָם (yā·rāḇ·ʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3379;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeroboam: 1. first king of the northern kingdom (1Ki 11:26) 2. son and successor of Joash (Jehoash) (2Ki 14:23)

3717 יְרֻבֶּשֶׁת (yerǔb·bě·šěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3380;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jerub-Besheth: delivering judge of Israel (2Sa 11:21+), see also 3715

ירד (yrd): see 3718

3718 יָרַד (yā·rǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 3381; TWOT 909—1. LN 15.107–15.117 (qal) descend, come down, go down, i.e., make linear motion from a higher to a lower elevation (Ge 15:12), see also domain LN 81.3–81.11; (hif) lower, bring down (Ge 44:11); (hof) lowered, brought down, be taken down (Ge 39:1); 2. LN 15.101–15.106 (qal) ascend, i.e., go up in linear motion (Jdg 11:37); 3. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) come/go, i.e., linear motion with no particular elevation change (Ex 11:8); 4. LN 17.20 (qal) prostrate, i.e., make a bowing, lowering motion of the body in respect or sadness (Isa 15:3); (hif) bow (La 2:10); 5. LN 54 (qal) go aboard, i.e., get on a boat or ship (Jnh 1:3b); 6. LN 54 (qal) abandon ship, i.e., get out of a ship or boat (Eze 27:29); 7. LN 68.22–68.33 (qal) be done, be finished, formally, go down, i.e., have the completion of a time unit, as an extension of downward motion of the sun (Jdg 19:11); 8. LN 39.52–39.61 (hif) subjugate, conquer, formally, cause to lower, i.e., gain victory over another a figurative extension of lowering an object to a low or humble position (2Sa 22:48); (hof) be brought down (Zec 10:11), note: further study may yield more domains

3719 יֶרֶד (yě·rěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3382;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jared: 1. father of Enoch (Ge 5:15, 16, 18, 19, 20; 1Ch 1:2+) 2. (Jered NIV) of Judah (1Ch 4:18+)

3720 יַרְדֵּן (yǎr·dēn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3383; TWOT 909b—LN 93-place (River) Jordan: river running N to S from the headwaters about Lake Galilee to the northern entrance of the Dead Sea (Jos 1:2)

I. ירה (yrh): see 3721

II. ירה (yrh): see 3722

III. ירה (yrh): see 3723

3721 I. יָרָה (yā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3384; TWOT 910—1. LN 15.215–15.221 (qal) throw, cast, hurl, i.e., move an object with linear motion, usually through the air (Ex 15:4; Jos 18:6); (hif) throw, cast (Job 30:19); 2. LN 15.215–15.221 (qal) shoot, i.e., hurl an arrow or missile through the air (1Sa 20:36); (nif) be shot (Ex 19:13+); (hif) shoot (1Sa 20:20); 3. LN 45 (qal) set up, establish, formally, cast up, i.e., construct a structure (Ge 31:51; Job 38:6); 4. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroy, overthrow, formally, hurl, i.e., destroy and conquer an object as an extension of hurling or throwing an object (Nu 21:30); 5. LN 16 (hif) motion, i.e., make a non-linear movement of the hands, possibly implying a less deliberate, more random signal (Pr 6:13 [NIV]), for another possible interp, see 3723

3722 II. יָרָה (yā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3384; TWOT 910—1. LN 14.10–14.14 (hif) water upon, i.e., cause rain to come upon an object (Hos 6:3+); 2. LN 78.1–78.27 (hif) be much, formally, shower, i.e., have a large degree of an event, state or condition as an extension of a productive, normal rain in the growing process (Hos 10:12+); 3. LN 23.78–23.87 (hof) be refreshed, formally, watered, i.e., be in a renewed state of energy after resting (Pr 11:25+), note: oth parse as 3709

3723 III. יָרָה (yā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3384; TWOT 910—1. LN 33.224–33.250 (hif) teach, instruct, give guidance, direct, i.e., give information in a formal or informal setting, implying authority of the teacher or the content of the teaching (Ex 4:12); 2. LN 28.57–28.67 (hif) display, show, i.e., make something able to be openly known, implying a purpose to the display to teach or instruct (Ps 45:5[EB 4]); 3. LN 16 (hif) motion, implying a motion that is deliberately giving a signal, as a kind of instruction (Pr 6:13), note: some parse as 3721, possibly implying more of a random, less distinct motion; note: some parse Hab 2:18 as 4621 (hif ptcp.); note: 2Ch 26:15, see also 3708

יֹרֶה (yō·rě(h)): see 3452 and 3453 (2Ch 35:23; Jer 5:24 K)

3724 יָרַהּ (yā·rǎh): v.; ≡ Str 7297; TWOT 2126—LN 25.251–25.269 (qal impf.) be very afraid, be frozen in fear, i.e., be paralyzed in fright and not able to move or take action (Isa 44:8+), note: for another parsing, see 8109; note: BDB “be in a stupor,” note: the context may favor a trembling motion of fear instead of a paralysis of fear

3725 יְרוּאֵל (yerû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3385;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jeruel: desert area of Judah (2Ch 20:16+)

3726 יָרוֹחַ (yā·rôaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3386;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jaroah: of Gad (1Ch 5:14+)

3727 יָרוּם (yā·rûm): adj. [oth qal impf.3ms. of 8123 or qal ptcp.pass. of 3753]; ≡ Str 7311; TWOT 2133—see 8123 (2Sa 22:47; Ps 13:3[EB 2]; 18:47[EB 46]; 27:6; 61:3[EB 2]; Isa 30:18; 52:13; Da 11:12 K+)

3728 יָרוֹק (yā·rôq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3387; TWOT 918c—LN 3.13–3.32 green plant, i.e., an eatable plant for forage (Job 39:8+), note: as a food, see also domain LN 5.1–5.22

3729 יְרוּשָׁא (yerû·šā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3388;—LN 93-pers. (female) Jerusha: mother of King Jotham (2Ki 15:33+), see also 3730

3730 יְרוּשָׁה (yerû·šā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3388;—LN 93-pers. (female) Jerushah (Jerusha NIV): mother of King Jotham (2Ch 27:1+), see also 3729

יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (yerû·šā·lǎ·yim) BDB: see 3731

3731 יְרוּשָׁלַםִ (yerû·šā·lǎ·mi): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3389; TWOT 912—LN 93-place (loc.) Jerusalem: major political/religious city of the Jews (2Sa 5:5), note: for symbolic names, see also 790, 1241, 2612.5, 2915.5, 3293, 8970

3732 I. יֶרַח (yě·rǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3391; TWOT 913b—1. LN 67.174 lunar month, i.e., a definite time period based on a full cycle of the phases of the moon (Ex 2:2; Dt 21:13; 1Ki 6:37, 38; 8:2; 2Ki 15:13; Job 3:6; 7:3; 29:2; 39:2; Zec 11:8+); 2. LN 1.29 moon, i.e., the heavenly light body prominent at night (Dt 33:14+), note: for another interp, see next; 3. LN 67.142–67.162 season, formally, moon, i.e., the various seasons of the month (Dt 33:14+)

3733 II. יֶרַח (yě·rǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3392;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jerah: of Shem and son of Joktan (Ge 10:26; 1Ch 1:20+)

3734 יָרֵחַ (yā·rēaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3394; TWOT 913a—LN 1.29 moon, i.e., the heavenly light body prominent at night (Ge 37:9; Dt 4:19; 17:3; Jos 10:12, 13; 2Ki 23:5; Job 25:5; 31:26; Ps 8:4[EB 3]; 72:5, 7; 89:38[EB 37]; 104:19; 121:6; 136:9; 148:3; Ecc 12:2; Isa 13:10; 60:19, 20; Jer 8:2; 31:35; Eze 32:7; Joel 2:10; 3:4[EB 2:31]; 4:15[EB 3:15]; Hab 3:11+), note: the moon was also an object of worship, see also domain LN 6.96–6.101

יְרֵחוֹ (yerē·ḥô) BDB: see 3735

3735 יְרִחוֹ (yeri·ḥô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3405; TWOT 915—LN 93-place (loc.) Jericho: green oasis town W side of Jordan River (Nu 22:1), see also 3747, 6561.5, note: NT Jericho located at

3736 יְרֹחָם (yerō·ḥām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3395;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeroham: 1. grandfather of Samuel (1Sa 1:1; 1Ch 6:12[EB 27],19[EB 34]+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 12:8[EB 7]+) 3. another of Benjamin (1Ch 9:8+) 4. father of returnee with Zerubbabel from captivity (1Ch 9:12; Ne 11:12+) 5. of Dan (1Ch 27:22+) 6. father of a commander (2Ch 23:1+) 7. another of Benjamin (1Ch 8:27+)

3737 יְרַחְמְאֵל (yerǎḥ·meʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3396;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jerahmeel: 1. of Judah, of Hezron (1Ch 2:9, 25, 26, 27, 33, 42+) 2. son of King Jehoiakim (Jer 36:26+) 3. son of a Kish (not related to Saul) (1Ch 24:29+), see also 3738

3738 יְרַחְמְאֵלִי (yerǎḥ·meʾē·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3397;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Jerahmeelite: pertaining to Jerahmeel (1Sa 27:10; 30:29+), see also 3737(1.)

3739 יַרְחָע (yǎr·ḥāʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3398;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jarha: Egyptian slave who married a Jerahmeelite (1Ch 2:34, 35+)

ירט (yrṭ): see 3740

3740 יָרַט (yā·rǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 3399; TWOT 914—1. LN 37.108–37.110 (qal) place into custody, seize into custody, with a possible implication of doing so in a violent manner (Job 16:11+), note: for another parsing, see 8184; 2. LN 88.93–88.99 be perverse, morally reckless, i.e., to be morally on a wrong or dangerous path of life, as a figurative extension of a travel down a steep, dangerous path, as a senseless behavior (Nu 22:32+), see also domain LN 15.107–15.117

3741 יְרִיאֵל (yerî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3400;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeriel: grandson of Issachar (1Ch 7:2+)

3742 I. יָרִיב (yā·rîḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3401; TWOT 2159b—1. LN 39.1–39.12 opponent, contender, i.e., one who is a hostile adversary or opponent who make hostile actions to another party (Ps 35:1; Isa 49:25+); 2. LN 33.426–33.434 accuser, i.e., a person who brings negative assertions or legal charges about another (Jer 18:19+), note: in context these are liars or false accusers

3743 II. יָרִיב (yā·rîḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3402;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jarib: 1. son of Simeon (1Ch 4:24+), see also 3743(1.) 2. one sent by Ezra to Iddo (Ezr 8:16+) 3. divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:18+)

3744 יְרִיבַי (yerî·ḇǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3403;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeribai: great warrior for David (1Ch 11:46+)

3745 יְרִיָּה (yeriy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3404;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeriah: of Moses (1Ch 26:31+), see also 3746

3746 יְרִיָּהוּ (yeriy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3404;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeriahu (Jeriah NIV): of Moses (1Ch 23:19; 24:23+), see also 3745

3747 יְרִיחֹה (yerî·ḥō(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3405; TWOT 915—LN 93-place (loc.) Jericho: green oasis town W side of Jordan River (1Ki 16:34+), see also 3735

יְרִיחוֹ (yerî·ḥô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3405; TWOT 915—LN 93-place (loc.) Jericho: green oasis town W side of Jordan River (Jos 2:1) see also 3735, 3747

3748 יְרִימוֹת (yerî·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3406;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jerimoth: 1. grandson of Benjamin (1Ch 7:7+) 2. another of Benjamin (1Ch 12:6[EB 5]+) 3. Levitical temple worker (1Ch 24:30+), see also 3756(3.) 4. father-in-law of King Rehoboam (2Ch 11:18+) 5. Levite in the days of King Hezekiah of Judah (2Ch 31:13+) 6. of Naphtali (1Ch 27:19+) 7. of Heman, a worship leader (1Ch 25:4+)

יְרֵימוֹת (yerê·môṯ) BDB: see 3748, 3756

3749 יְרִיעָה (yerî·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3407; TWOT 917a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 tent curtain, i.e., a woven cloth or hair hanging screen to divide an area or cover another area from view (Ex 26:1–36:17 passim; Nu 4:25; SS 1:5; Isa 54:2+); 2. LN 7.9 shelter, tent, i.e., a dwelling as a place to live (2Sa 7:2; 1Ch 17:1; Ps 104:2; Jer 4:20; 10:20; 49:29; Hab 3:7+), note: possibly a tent of goat hair, or now generalized to any dwelling

3750 יְרִיעוֹת (yerî·ʿôṯ): n.pr. [BDB: n.pr.masc.?]; ≡ Str 3408;—LN 93-pers. (female) Jerioth: wife of Caleb (1Ch 2:18+), note: for other text solutions, see WBC14:37 and BHS ftn

3751 יָרֵךְ (yā·rēḵ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3409; TWOT 916a—1. LN 8 loins, area of the genitals, i.e., the area of procreative power (Ge 24:2; Nu 5:21); 2. LN 8 hip, i.e., the area that joins the leg and main torso of the body (Ge 32:26[EB 25]); 3. LN 8 thigh, i.e., a part of the body between the hip to the knee, so the upper leg (Ex 28:42); 4. LN 8.41 side, i.e., a part of the human body (Ex 32:27); 5. LN 79.108 side, i.e., an area lateral to an object (Ex 40:22); 6. LN 6.106–6.117 base, i.e., the bottom of a piece of furniture that makes it stand (Ex 25:31); 7. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: יָצָא יָרֵךְ (yā·ṣā(ʾ) yā·rēḵ) descendant, formally, what comes out of the loins, i.e., kin from a successive generation (Ge 46:26; Ex 1:5); 8. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: נָכָה שׁוֹק עַל יָרֵךְ (nā·ḵā(h) šôq ʿǎl yā·rēḵ) be vicious, formally, strike them hip and thigh, i.e., to destroy or kill in a very violent and vicious manner (Jdg 15:8); 9. LN 25.135–25.145 unit: סָפַק עַל יָרֵךְ (sā·p̄ǎq ʿǎl yā·rēḵ) be sorrowful, formally, slap the thigh, i.e., a gesture of mourning (Jer 31:19; Eze 21:17[EB 12]), note: NIV translates as “beat the chest,” with the same meaning

יַרְכָה (yǎr·ḵā(h)) BDB: see 3752

3752 יְרֵכָה (yerē·ḵā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 3411; TWOT 916b—1. LN 80.5–80.7 distant border, i.e., the boundary of a space (Ge 49:13; Ex 36:22; Eze 38:6), note: the amount of space varies with context; 2. LN 82 summit, i.e., the top of a space (2Ki 19:23; Ps 48:3[EB 2]); 3. LN 1.86–1.87 remote area, i.e., a distant place out of the way of mainstream society (Jdg 19:1); 4. LN 85.1–85.31 unit: יְרֵכָה אֶרֶץ (yerē·ḵā(h) ʾě·rěṣ) very far place, formally, ends of the earth (Jer 6:22); 5. LN 1.51–1.59 depth, i.e., an area below a surface of the earth (Isa 14:15; Eze 32:23); 6. LN 83.48–83.54 below, i.e., a spatial position underneath in relation to another object (Jnh 1:5)

יַרְכָּה (yǎr·kā(h)) Lisowsky: see 3752

3753 יָרַם (yā·rǎm): v.—see 8123 (qal pass. 2Sa 22:47; Ps 13:3[EB 2]; 18:47[EB 46]; 27:6; 61:3[EB 2]; Isa 30:18; 52:13; Da 11:12 K+)

יֹרָם (yō·rām) BDB: see 3456

3754 יַרְמוּת (yǎr·mûṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3412;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jarmuth: 1. town in the western foothills of Judah (Jos 10:3, 5, 23; 12:11; 15:35; Ne 11:29+) 2. Levitical town in Issachar (Jos 21:29+), see also 8255, 8030

3755 יְרָמוֹת (yerā·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3406;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeramoth: divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:29 K+), see 3756

3756 יְרֵמוֹת (yerē·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3406;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeremoth: 1. of Benjamin (1Ch 7:8+) 2. another of Benjamin (1Ch 8:14+) 3. (Jerimoth NIV) Levitical temple worker (1Ch 23:23; 25:22+), see also 3748(3.) 4. see 3748(6.) 5. divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:26+) 6. another divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:27+) 7. yet another divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:29 v.r.+), see also 3755

3757 יְרֵמַי (yerē·mǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3413;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeremai: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:33+)

3758 יִרְמְיָה (yir·meyā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3414;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeremiah: 1. of Manasseh (1Ch 5:24+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 12:5[EB 4]+) 3. of Gad (1Ch 12:11[EB 10]+) 4. signer of covenant (Ne 10:3[EB 2]+) 5. returnee with Zerubbabel from captivity (Ne 12:1, 12+) 6. dedicator of the wall of Jerusalem (Ne 12:34+) 7. writing prophet, son of Hilkiah (Ezr 1:1; Jer 27:1; 28:5–29:1 passim; Da 9:2+), see also 3759(10.)

3759 יִרְמְיָהוּ (yir·meyā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3414;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeremiahu (Jeremiah NIV): 1. of Libnah, father of daughter Hamutal, the mother of kings Jehoahaz and Zedekiah of Judah (2Ki 23:31; 24:18+) 2. see 3758(1.) 3. see 3758(2.) 4. see 3758(3.) 5. of Gad (1Ch 12:14[EB 13]+) 6. see 3758(4.) 7. see 3758(5.) 8. father of Jaazaniah (Jer 35:3+) 9. see 3758(6.) 10. writing prophet, son of Hilkiah (2Ch 35:25; 36:12, 21, 22; Jer 1:1–52:1 passim), see also 3758(7.)

ירע (yrʿ): see 3760

3760 יָרַע (yā·rǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 3415; TWOT 917—LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) be in distress, be faint-hearted, i.e., be in a state of anguish as a figurative extension of trembling or quivering movement of the body (Isa 15:4+)

3761 יִרְפְּאֵל (yir·peʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3416;—LN 93-place (loc.) Irpeel: site in Benjamin (Jos 18:27+)

ירק (yrq): see 3762

3762 יָרַק (yā·rǎq): v.; ≡ Str 3417; TWOT 918, 919—LN 23.43 (qal) spit in the face, with the associative meaning of having contempt for someone (Nu 12:14; Dt 25:9+), see also domain LN 88.192–88.197

3763 יָרָק (yā·rāq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3419; TWOT 918b—LN 3.13–3.32 vegetable plants, greens, i.e., any of a variety of garden herbs and plants for consumption (Dt 11:10; 1Ki 21:2; Pr 15:17+), note: as a food, see also domain LN 5.1–5.22

3764 יֶרֶק (yě·rěq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3418; TWOT 918a—LN 79.26–79.38 greenness, i.e., pertaining to the color of lush, living, healthy plants (Ge 1:30; 9:3; Ex 10:15; Nu 22:4; 2Ki 19:26; Ps 37:2; Isa 15:6; 37:27+), note: in some contexts it is difficult to distinguish the color from the vegetation itself, see also domain LN 3.1

3765 יַרְקוֹן (yǎr·qôn): n.pr. [Holladay: river or wadi]; ≡ Str 4313;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jarkon: part of a compound name, Me Jarkon, see 4770

3766 יֵרָקוֹן (yē·rā·qôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3420; TWOT 918d—1. LN 79.26–79.38 paleness, sickly yellow, formally, greenish color, i.e., to have a loss of blood to the face as a basal response to fear (Jer 30:6+), see also domain LN 25.251–25.269; 2. LN 43 plant mildew, i.e., a fungus that grows on a plant and destroys it (Dt 28:22; 1Ki 8:37; 2Ch 6:28; Am 4:9; Hag 2:17+)

יָרְקְעָם (yār·qeʿām) BDB: see 3767

3767 יָרְקֳעָם (yār·qǒʿām): n.pr. [Holladay: LOC.]; ≡ Str 3421;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jorkeam: of Judah through Caleb (1Ch 2:44+), for another interp, see 3767.5

יָרְקֳעָם (yār·qǒʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3421;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jorkeam: place of Judah (1Ch 2:44+), note: for another interp, see 3767

3768 יְרַקְרַק (yerǎq·rǎq): adj.; ≡ Str 3422; TWOT 918e—1. LN 79.26–79.38 yellowish-green, pale-green, i.e., pertaining to the color of mildew on an object (Lev 13:49; 14:37+); 2. LN 79.26–79.38 shining-yellowish, i.e., pertaining to the attractive color of gold (Ps 68:14[EB 13]+)

ירשׁ (yrš) Lisowsky, KB: see 3769, 3770

ירשׁ (yrš)[1] Holladay: see 3769

ירשׁ (yrš)[2] Holladay: see 3770

3769 I. יָרַשׁ (yā·rǎš): v. [see also 3456.5]; ≡ Str 3423; TWOT 920—1. LN 57.125–57.141 (qal) be an heir, i.e., gain the possessions of an inheritance, received by ancestral agreement, or some other agreement (Nu 36:8); (hif) give as an inheritance (2Ch 20:11); 2. LN 57.55–57.70 (qal) dispossess, i.e., displace one from one’s property, taking by military force, which may or not be rightfully one’sing. inheritance, implying a loss of economic means and benefit (Dt 2:12, 21, 22, 29; 19:1; Jer 49:2); (hif) drive out (Ex 34:24); 3. LN 57.49–57.54 (nif) become destitute, be poor, i.e., not have possessions and resources necessary for a normal life-style, or possibly even bare essentials (Ge 45:11; Pr 20:13; 23:21; 30:9+); (hif) make destitute, send poverty (1Sa 2:7); 4. LN 57.1–57.21 (piel) take possession, i.e., have control of an object for one’s use (Dt 28:42+); 5. LN 57.232–57.248 (piel) steal, rob, i.e., take a possession by force, deception, or false pretense (Jdg 14:15+); 6. LN 20.31–20.60 (hif) destroy, i.e., ruin an object by force (Ex 15:9); 7. LN 23.40–23.45 (hif) vomit, i.e., disgorge the stomach of objects by mild, bodily convulsions, as an extension of dislodging a possession (Job 20:15), note: for another parsing in Ps 34:11[EB 10]; Pr 10:4; 13:7, see 8133; note: for n.masc. in 2Sa 14:7; Jer 8:10; Isa 49:1a, 2b; Mic 1:15+, see 3456.5

3770 II. יָרַשׁ (yā·rǎš): v.; ≡ Str 8492; TWOT 2505—LN 43 (qal) press, tread, i.e., crush grapes to make juice (Mic 6:15+), for another parsing as a noun, see 9408; see also domain LN 19.43–19.54

ישׂג (yśg): see 5952

3771 יְרֵשָׁה (yerē·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3424; TWOT 920a—LN 55.23–55.25 captive, conquered property, i.e., a possession of another nation, implying weakness and defeat (Nu 24:18+)

3772 יְרֻשָּׁה (yerǔš·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3425; TWOT 920b—1. LN 57.125–57.141 possession, land that is received by another, usually as an inheritance (Dt 2:5, 9,12, 19; 3:20; Jos 1:15; 12:6, 7; 2Ch 20:11; Jer 32:8+); 2. LN 10.14–10.48 descendant, formally, possession, i.e., kin of a successive generation (Jdg 21:17; Ps 61:6[EB 5]+)

3773 יִשְׂחָק (yiś·ḥāq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3446; TWOT 1905b—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Isaac: 1. people of the northern kingdom (Am 7:9, 16+), note: oth interp as 2.; (male) 2. Isaac: promised son of Abraham (Ps 105:9; Jer 33:26+), see also 3663

3774 יְשִׂימִאֵל (yeśî·mi·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3450;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jesimiel: of Simeon (1Ch 4:36+)

3775 יָשַׂם (yā·śǎm): v.; ≡ Str 3455; TWOT 2243—LN 85.32–85.54 (qal pass.?) be placed before (Ge 24:33 K; 50:26), note: for alt. parsing, see 8492; note: for text solution, see BHS ftn

3776 יִשְׂרָאֵל (yiś·rā·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3478; TWOT 2287a—LN 93-pers. Israel: 1. (male) another name for Jacob, son of Abraham (Ge 32:29; 35:10) 2. (gent.) a people pertaining to Israel (1.) (Ex 18:25); also part of a compound name, El Elohe Israel, see 449, see also 3778

יִשְׂרָאֵל (yiś·rā·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3478;—LN 93-place (terr) Israel: an area from approximately from Dan to Beersheva, from the Great Sea to the Jordan (Trans-Jordan in some northern areas) (1Sa 13:19)

3777 יְשַׂרְאֵלָה (yeśǎr·ʾē·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3480;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jesarelah: temple musician (1Ch 25:14+), see also 833

3778 יִשְׂרְאֵלִי (yiś·reʾē·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3481, 3482;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Israelite: pertaining to Israel (Lev 24:10,11; 2Sa 17:25+), see also 3776

3779 יִשָּׂשׂכָר (yiś·śāś·ḵār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3485;—LN 93-pers. Issachar: 1. (male) son of Jacob-Leah (Ge 30:18) 2. (tribe) a clan pertaining to Issachar 1 (Nu 1:29; 2:5; Dt 27:12) 3. son of Obed-Edom (1Ch 26:5)

יִשָּׂשׂכָר (yiś·śāś·ḵār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3485;—LN 93-place (loc.) Issachar: territory SW of Lake Galilee (Jos 17:10)

3780 יֵשׁ (yēš): pt. of affirmation [BDB: subst.]; ≡ Str 3426; TWOT 921—LN 13.69–13.103 there is, it exists, i.e., a marker which affirms the existence of an object, state, or event (Ge 18:24), note: see also 838

יֵשׁ (yēš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3426; TWOT 921—LN 65.1–65.16 wealth, substance (Pr 8:21+), note: some cj text to 3841

3781 יִשְׁאָל (yiš·ʾāl): n.pr.—LN 93-pers. (male) Jishal: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:29 v.r.+), note: see BHS ftn, see also 8627

ישׁב (yšb): see 3782

3782 יָשַׁב (yā·šǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 3427; TWOT 922—1. LN 85.67–85.85 (qal) inhabit, dwell, live, stay, i.e., be in a place for any period of time, usually implying a longer amount of time (Ge 4:16); (nif) be settled, be inhabited (Ex 16:35; Jer 6:8; 22:6; Eze 12:20; 26:17, 19; 36:10; 38:12+); (hof) inhabited, be caused to dwell (Isa 5:8; 44:26+); (piel) establish a dwelling place, set up camp (Eze 25:4+); (hif) settle, i.e., cause to dwell and so live in a place or certain set of relationships (Ge 47:11); 2. LN 34.66–34.78 (hif) marry, i.e., join in a marriage relation or covenant with a spouse (Ezr 10:2, 10, 14, 17, 18; Ne 13:23, 27+); 3. LN 17.12–17.18 (qal) sit, be seated, take a sitting position, either in a chair or other object, with the associative meaning of being prominent or notable positively or negatively (Ge 43:33); (hif) seat, i.e., cause one to sit (1Sa 2:8; 1Ki 2:24; 21:9, 10, 12; 2Ch 23:20; Job 36:7; Ps 113:8+); 4. LN 17.26–17.28 (qal) crouch, i.e., a lying motion of a four-footed animal, implying action will soon follow (Ps 17:12); 5. LN 15.75–15.80 (qal) meet, approach, i.e., come near to a place by linear movement, implying an encounter of a person or event (2Ki 4:38); 6. LN 13.48–13.68 (hif) restore, renew, formally, cause to dwell, i.e., cause something to be in an earlier, correct state, as an extension of causing to dwell in a place, or on a prominent seating position (Zec 10:6), note: for another interp in Isa 52:2a+ see 8659; note: for MT text in 2Ch 19:8; Ps 7:8[EB 7]; Jer 42:10, see 8740; Eze 45:5, see 4384; note: for NIV text in 1Ki 12:2; Eze 26:20, see 8740

יֹשֵׁב (yō·šēḇ): n.masc. [oth qal ptcp. served by 3782]; ≡ Str 3427; TWOT 922—LN 85.67–85.85 inhabitant, i.e., one who dwells or lives in a space (Lev 18:25)

3783 יֹשֵׁב בַּשֶּׁבֶת (yō·šēḇ bǎš·šě·ḇěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3429;—LN 93-pers. (male) Josheb-Basshebeth: great warrior for David (2Sa 23:8+), see also 3790(1.); note: for cj, see 3789

3784 יֶשֶׁבְאָב (yě·šěḇ·ʾāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3428;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeshebeab: priest of the 14th course (1Ch 24:13+)

3785 יִשְׁבּוֹ בְּנֹב (yiš·bô benōḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3430;—LN 93-pers. (male) K Ishbo-Benob: Philistine giant (2Sa 21:16 K+), see Q 3787

יִשְׁבַּח (yiš·bǎḥ) BDB: see 3786

3786 יִשְׁבָּח (yiš·bāḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3431;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ishbah: of Judah (1Ch 4:17+)

3787 יִשְׁבִּי בְּנֹב (yiš·bî benōḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3430;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ishbi-Benob: Philistine giant (2Sa 21:16 Q+), see K 3785

יָשֻׁבִי (yā·šǔ·ḇî) BDB: see 3795 (Nu 26:4+)

יָשֻׁבִי לָחֶם (yā·šǔ·ḇî lā·ḥěm) BDB: see 3788 (1Ch 4:22+)

3788 יָשֻׁבִי לֶחֶם (yā·šǔ·ḇî lě·ḥěm): n.pr. [BDB: N.PR.M.]; ≡ Str 3433;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jashubi Lehem: place in Judah (1Ch 4:22+)

3789 יִשְׁבַּעַל (yiš·bǎ·ʿǎl): n.pr.—LN 93-pers. (male) Jishbaal: a cj name for a warrior of David’s (2Sa 23:8; 1Ch 11:11; 12:7; 27:2+), note: for MT text, see 3783 and 3790

3790 יָשָׁבְעָם (yā·šāḇ·ʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3434;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jashobeam: 1. a Hacmonite great warrior for David (1Ch 11:11+), see also 3783; note: for cj, see 3789 2. a Korahite (1Ch 12:7[EB 6]+) 3. son of Zabdiel (1Ch 27:2+), note: some put all these together as one referent

3791 יִשְׁבָּק (yiš·bāq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3435;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ishbak: son of Abraham-Keturah (Ge 25:2; 1Ch 1:32+)

3792 יָשְׁבְּקָשָׁה (yāš·beqā·šā(h)): n.pr. [Holladay, KB: PERS.?]; ≡ Str 3436;—LN 93-pers. (male) Joshbekashah: Levite musician (1Ch 25:4, 24+)

יֹשֶׁבֶת (yō·šě·ḇěṯ): n.fem.—see 3782.5 (Jer 48:18)

3793 I. יָשׁוּב (yā·šûḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3437;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jashub: 1. son of Issachar (Nu 26:24; 1Ch 7:1+) 2. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:29+), see also 3795, note: for MT text in Ge 46:13, see 3410; also part of a compound name, Shear-Jashub, see 8639

3794 II. יָשׁוּב (yā·šûḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3427; TWOT 922—LN 93-place (loc.) Jashub: an unknown place (Jos 17:7 cj+) אֶל־יֹשְׁבֵי (ʾěl-·yō·šeḇê) “include those living at,” read as “to Jashub (oth spell as ‘Yashib’)”; others make a larger compound name, “Yashib-En-Tappuah”

3795 יָשׁוּבִי (yā·šû·ḇî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3432;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Jashubite: pertaining to Jashub (Nu 26:24+), see also 3793(1.)

3796 יִשְׁוָה (yiš·wā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3438;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ishvah: of Asher (Ge 46:17; 1Ch 7:30+)

3797 יְשׁוֹחָיָה (yešô·ḥā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3439;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeshohaiah: ancestor of a Simeonite (1Ch 4:36+)

3798 I. יִשְׁוִי (yiš·wî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3440;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ishvi: 1. of Asher (Ge 46:17; Nu 26:44; 1Ch 7:30+), see also 3799 2. son of Saul (1Sa 14:49+)

3799 II. יִשְׁוִי (yiš·wî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3441;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ishvite: pertaining to Ishvi (Nu 26:44+), see also 3798(1.)

יְשַׁוְיָה (yešǎw·yā(h)) BDB: see 3460

3800 I. יֵשׁוּעַ (yē·šûaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3442;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeshua: 1. son of Nun (Ne 8:17), see also 3397(1.) 2. priest of the 9th course (1Ch 24:11) 3. Levite in the days of King Hezekiah (2Ch 31:15) 4. ancestor of returnees with Zerubbabel from captivity (Ezr 2:2, 6; 4:3 cf. Ne 7:7, 11; 12:1) 5. high priest in the days of Zerubbabel (Ezr 3:2, 8; 10:18; Ne 12:26), see also 3397(5.) 6. ancestor of returnees (Ezr 2:36; Ne 7:39) 7. another ancestor of returnees (Ezr 2:40; 3:9; Ne 7:43; 9:4, 5; 12:8) 8. father of a Levite in Ezra’s days (Ezr 8:33) 9. father of wall builder (Ne 3:19) 10. Levite expositor of Torah (Ne 8:7) 11. signer of covenant (Ne 10:10[EB 9]), note: exact identification in some verses is difficult

3801 II. יֵשׁוּעַ (yē·šûaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3442;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jeshua: town occupied by returnees from the captivity (Ne 11:26+)

3802 יְשׁוּעָה (yešû·ʿā(h)): n.fem. [see also 3802.5]; ≡ Str 3444; TWOT 929b—1. LN 21.9–21.13 deliverance, safety, rescue, i.e., to be in a state of freedom from danger (Ex 14:13); 2. LN 21.25–21.32 salvation, i.e., deliverance in a religious sense (Ps 62:2[EB 1]); 3. LN 39.52–39.61 victory, i.e., the act. of conquering another entity (2Sa 22:51); 4. LN 12.1–12.42 Savior, i.e., a title of God (Dt 32:15; Ps 42:6[EB 5],12[EB 11]; 43:5; 68:20[EB 19]; 89:27[EB 26])

יְשׁוּעָתָה (yešû·ʿā·ṯā(h)): n.fem. [served by 3802]; ≡ Str 3444; TWOT 929b—1. LN 21.9–21.13 deliverance, safety, rescue, i.e., to be in a state of freedom from danger (Ps 3:3[EB 2]; 80:3[EB 2]+); 2. LN 21.25–21.32 salvation, i.e., deliverance in a religious sense (Jnh 2:10[EB 9]+)

3803 יֶשַׁח (yě·šǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3445; TWOT 924—LN 23.1–23.39 hunger, formally, emptiness, i.e., the state of not having food in one’s body (Mic 6:14+), note: for many other options, see WBC32:53

ישׁט (yšṭ): see 3804

3804 יָשַׁט (yā·šǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 3447; TWOT 925—LN 16 (hif) extend, hold out, i.e., to stretch out a limb of the body to extend an object, as a non-linear movement (Est 4:11; 5:2; 8:4+)

3805 יִשַׁי (yi·šǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3448; TWOT 926—LN 93-pers. (male) Jesse: father of David (Ru 4:17; 1Sa 16:1), see also 414

3806 יָשִׁיב (yā·šîḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3437;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jashib: son of Issachar (1Ch 7:1 K+), note: for Q, see 3793(1.), note: none of the versions surveyed supported this reading, see Q

3807 יִשִּׁיָּה (yiš·šiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3449;—LN 93-pers. (male) Isshiah: 1. of Issachar (1Ch 7:3+) 2. see 3807 3. son of Uzziel (1Ch 23:20; 24:25+) 4. son of Rehabiah (1Ch 24:21+) 5. (Ishijah NIV): divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:31+), see also 3808

3808 יִשִּׁיָּהוּ (yiš·šiy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3449;—LN 93-pers. (male) Isshiahu (Isshiah NIV): brave warrior (1Ch 12:7[EB 6]+), see also 3807

3809 יְשִׁימָה (yešî·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3451; TWOT 927a—LN 20.61–20.88 desolation, i.e., a destruction that results in death (Ps 55:16[Eb 15] K+), note: this is a lex. form based on a different pointing of the K, for Q, see 5958 + 4638 or 3812

3810 יְשִׁימוֹן (yešî·môn): n.masc. [see also 3810.5]; ≡ Str 3452; TWOT 927b—LN 1.86–1.87 wasteland, i.e., a desert land that is not agriculturally productive nor densely inhabited (Nu 21:20; 23:28; Dt 32:10; Ps 68:8[EB 7]; 78:40; 106:14; 107:4; Isa 43:19, 20+)

יְשִׁימוֹן (yešî·môn)[served by 3810]: n.pr.—LN 93-place (loc.) Jeshimon: desert area SE of Hebron near the Dead Sea (1Sa 23:19, 24; 26:1, 3+)

3811 יְשִׁימוֹת (yešî·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1020;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jeshimoth: a symbolic name similar to Sheol, with the meaning “destruction” (Ps 55:16[EB 15]+); also, a part of a compound name, Beth Jeshimoth, see 1093; note: sources offer many other solutions

3812 יַשִּׁימָוֶת (yǎš·šî·mā·wěṯ): n.fem.—see 5958 + 4638 or 3809 or 3811 (Ps 55:16[EB 15] K+), note: this form as a meaning is not known

3813 יָשִׁישׁ (yā·šîš): adj.; ≡ Str 3453; TWOT 931b—LN 9.1–9.23 old, aged, i.e., pertaining to being of a venerable age, though physically not as strong as a youth, so possibly decrepit (Job 12:12; 15:10; 29:8; 32:6+)

3814 יְשִׁישַׁי (yešî·šǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3454;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeshishai: ancestor of Gadites (1Ch 5:14+)

ישׁם (yšm): see 3815, 9037

3815 יָשַׁם (yā·šǎm): v.; ≡ Str 3456; TWOT 927—see 9037 (qal) (Ge 47:19; Eze 6:6; 12:19; 19:7+), note: an alt. lex. form in BDB

3816 יִשְׁמָא (yiš·mā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3457;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ishma: of Judah, son of Etam (1Ch 4:3+)

3817 יִשְׁמָעֵאל (yiš·mā·ʿē(ʾ)l): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3458;—LN 93-pers. Ishmael: 1. son of Abraham by Hagar (Ge 16:11–25:17 passim; 28:9; 36:3; 1Ch 28, 29, 31+) 2. of Saul through Jonathan (1Ch 8:38; 9:44+) 3. father of Zebadiah (2Ch 19:11+) 4. military officer in the time of Jehoiada (2Ch 23:1+) 5. son of Nethaniah, assassin of Gedaliah (2Ki 25:23, 25; Jer 40:8–41:18 passim) 6. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:22+)

3818 יִשְׁמְעֵאלִי (yiš·meʿē(ʾ)·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3459;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ishmaelite: pertaining to Ishmael (Ge 37:25, 27, 28; 39:1; Jdg 8:24; 1Ch 2:17; 27:30; Ps 83:7[EB 6]+), see 3817(1.)

3819 יִשְׁמַעְיָה (yiš·mǎʿ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3460;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ishmaiah: great warrior for David (1Ch 12:4+)

3820 יִשְׁמַעְיָהוּ (yiš·mǎʿ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3460;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ishmaiahu (Ishmaiah NIV): of Zebulun, a commander for David (1Ch 27:19+)

3821 יִשְׁמְרַי (yiš·merǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3461;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ishmerai: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:18+)

I. ישׁן (yšn): see 3822

II. ישׁן (yšn): see 3823

3822 I. יָשֵׁן (yā·šēn): v.; ≡ Str 3462, 8153; TWOT 928c—LN 23.78–23.87 (qal) sleep, fall asleep, i.e., be in a state of rest, with a focus of no activity while in this state (Ge 2:21; 41:5; Jdg 16:13; 1Ki 19:5; Job 3:13; Ps 3:6[EB 5]; 4:9[EB 8]; 13:4[EB 3]; 44:24[EB 23]; 121:4; Pr 4:16; Ecc 5:11[EB 12]; Isa 5:27; Jer 51:39, 57; Eze 34:25; Hos 7:6+), note: in some contexts this can refer to the state of death, see also domain LN 23.88–23.128; (piel) put to sleep (Jdg 16:19+), note: for MT in Hos 7:6, see 3825

3823 II. יָשֵׁן (yā·šēn): v.; ≡ Str 3462; TWOT 928—LN 67.17–67.64 chronic, long, i.e., pertaining to a long time of a state or event in reference to other points of time (Lev 13:11; 26:10; Dt 4:25+)

3824 יָשָׁן (yā·šān): adj.; ≡ Str 3465; TWOT 928b—1. LN 67.201–67.208 old, pertaining to last year as compared to this year (Lev 25:22; 26:10+), note: Ne 3:6; 12:39 some have as a proper noun, see 3827; 2. LN 58.70–58.75 old, i.e., pertaining to that which is not new as a class of an object (SS 7:14[EB 13]; Isa 22:11+), note: possibly Isa 22:11 is a n.pr.loc.

3825 III. יָשֵׁן (yā·šēn): adj.; ≡ Str 3463; TWOT 928a—1. LN 23.66–23.77 sleeping, i.e., pertaining to being in an altered state of awareness that is not being awake (1Sa 26:7, 12; 1Ki 3:20; 18:27; SS 5:2; Da 12:2+), note: for cj in Hos 7:6, see 3822; note: for MT text in SS 7:10[EB 9], see 3825; 2. LN 74 asleep, i.e., pertaining to not taking action, as a figurative extension of being in a state of rest and so not able to take action (Ps 78:65+)

3826 IV. יָשֵׁן (yā·šēn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3464;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jashen: father of a great warrior for David (2Sa 23:32+), see also 2244

3827 יְשָׁנָה (yešā·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3466;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jeshanah: 1. town of Ephraim, (2Ch 13:19+) 2. a Jerusalem gate (Ne 3:6; 12:39+), note: some parse as an a + 2025, see 3824

ישׁע (yšʿ): see 3828

3828 יָשַׁע (yā·šǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 3467; TWOT 929—1. LN 21.14–21.16 (nif) rescued, delivered, saved, i.e., be in a situation safe and free from danger (Nu 10:9; Dt 33:29; 2Sa 22:4; Ps 18:4; 33:16; Pr 28:18; Jer 8:20; 23:6; 30:7; 33:16+); (hif) save, rescue, deliver (Jdg 13:5); 2. LN 21.25–21.32 (nif) saved, i.e., be delivered in a religious sense, with a focus on a proper relationship to God (Ps 80:4, 8, 20; 119:117; Isa 30:15; 45:17, 22; 64:4; Jer 4:14; 17:14; Zec 9:9+); (hif) save, rescue, deliver (Ps 98:1), note: the hif ptcp. some parse as a noun (e.g, Dt 28:31; Jdg 12:3; 1Sa 10:19; Ps 7:11[EB 10]; 17:7; 18:42[EB 41]; 106:21), see also 4635

3829 יֵשַׁע (yē·šǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3468; TWOT 929a—1. LN 21.9–21.13 deliverance, safety, i.e., protection that produces freedom from a present danger (2Sa 22:3; Job 5:4); 2. LN 21.25–21.32 salvation, i.e., deliverance in a religious sense (Ps 51:14[EB 12]); 3. LN 12.1–12.42 Savior, i.e., a title of God (2Sa 22:47; 1Ch 16:35; Ps 18:47[EB 46]; 24:5; 25:5; 27:9; 65:6[EB 5]; 79:9; 85:5[EB 4]; Isa 17:10; 62:11; Mic 7:7; Hab 3:18+); 4. LN 39.52–39.61 victory, i.e., an act. or result of conquering (2Sa 22:36; Ps 18:36[EB 35])

3830 יֹשַׁע (yō·šǎʿ): n.[masc.] [BDB, KB: hif impf.3ms., see 3828]; ≡ Str 3467; TWOT 929—LN 21.14–21.16 deliver, help (Isa 35:4+), note: oth parse as 3828

3831 יִשְׁעִי (yiš·ʿî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3469;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ishi: 1. of Judah (1Ch 2:31+) 2. another of Judah (1Ch 4:20+) 3. of Simeon (1Ch 4:42+) 4. of Manasseh (1Ch 5:24+)

3832 יְשַׁעְיָה (yešǎʿ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3470;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeshaiah: 1. grandson of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:21+) 2. see 3833(2.) 3. see 3833(3.) 4. returnee with Ezra from captivity (Ezr 8:7+) 5. helper of Ezra (Ezr 8:19+) 6. ancestor of Sallu (Ne 11:7+)

3833 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ (yešǎʿ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3470;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jeshaiahu (Isaiah NIV): 1. writing prophet in the days of several kings of Judah (2Ki 19:2–20:19 passim; 2Ch 26:22; 32:20, 32; Isa 1:1; 37:2–39:8 passim) 2. (Jeshaiah NIV) (1Ch 25:3, 15; 26:15+) 3. (Jeshaiah NIV) treasurer in David’s day (1Ch 26:25+)

3834 יִשְׁפָּה (yiš·pā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3472;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ishpah: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:16+)

3835 יָשְׁפֵה (yāš·p̄ē(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3471; TWOT 929.1—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: (KJV, NKJV, NIV, NASB, ASV, RSV, NRSV, NJB, NAB, Tanakh) jasper; (Lisowsky) nephrite, jade; (NEB, REB) green jasper (Ex 28:20; 39:13; Eze 28:13+), note: exact identification not certain

3836 יִשְׁפָּן (yiš·pān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3473;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ishpan: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:22+)

ישׁר (yšr): see 3837

3837 יָשַׁר (yā·šǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3474; TWOT 930—1. LN 88.12–88.23 (qal) do right, be upright, i.e., be just and in a right state or association to a compelling standard, as a figurative extension of a straight object not twisted or crooked (Hab 2:4+); (piel) consider right (Ps 119:128+); 2. LN 15.1–15.17 (piel) go straight, i.e., make linear movement with a focus that the movement has no wandering or turning from a course, implying movement with purpose or ease (1Sa 6:12; 2Ch 32:30; Pr 3:6; 9:15; 11:5; 15:21; Isa 40:3; 45:13+), note: see also domain LN 79.88–79.90; note: in some contexts this can refer to lifestyle and its different moral choices; (hif) make straight (Ps 5:9[EB 8]+), note: this meaning is possibly “make level”; 3. LN 79.84–79.87 (piel) level, i.e., make bumpy elevations all the same or virtually same elevation (Isa 45:2+); (pual) be evenly hammered (1Ki 6:35+); 4. LN 24.1–24.51 (hif) gaze straight, stare, i.e., look only straight ahead and not to the left or right, with an associative meaning of intensity toward an event or person (Pr 4:25+); 5. LN 25.102–25.115 unit: (qal) יָשַׁר בְ־ עַיִן (yā·šǎr ḇ- ʿǎ·yin)1 be pleased, seem good, like, formally, right in the eye, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of taking pleasure and enjoyment in an object (Nu 23:27; Jdg 14:3, 7; 1Sa 18:20, 26; 2Sa 17:4; 1Ki 9:12; 1Ch 13:4; 2Ch 30:4; Jer 18:4; 27:5+)

3838 I. יָשָׁר (yā·šār): adj. [see also 3838.5]; ≡ Str 3477; TWOT 930a—1. LN 79.88–79.90 straight, i.e., pertaining to not being crooked (Eze 1:7); 2. LN 79.84–79.87 level, i.e., pertaining to not being bumpy with elevations or depressions (Jer 31:9); 3. LN 88.12–88.23 right, upright, i.e., what is morally innocent and proper according to a standard (1Sa 12:23); 4. LN 12.1–12.42 Upright One, i.e., a title of God (Isa 26:7); 5. LN 66 unit: הַ־ יָשָׁר בְּ־ עַיִן (hǎ- yā·šār b- ʿǎ·yin)1 what is proper, formally, right in the eyes, i.e., what is proper according to a personal standard (Jdg 17:6); 6. LN 31.14–31.25 unit: לֵבָב יָשָׁר (lē·ḇāḇ yā·šār)1 in agreement, in accord with, formally, straight heart (2Ki 10:15; 2Ch 29:34)

יָשָׁר (yā·šār): n.masc. [see also 3838]; ≡ Str 3477; TWOT 930a—1. LN 88.12–88.23 what is right, i.e., what conforms to a moral standard (Job 33:27; Mic 3:9; Pr 16:13; Ps 111:8); 2. LN 88.12–88.23 upright person, i.e., one who conforms to a standard (Mic 2:7)

3839 II. יָשָׁר (yā·šār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3477; TWOT 930a—LN 33.35–33.68 Jashar: book, the contents are virtually unknown (Jos 10:13; 2Sa 1:18+)

יֶשֶׁר (yě·šěr) BDB: see 3840

3840 יֵשֶׁר (yē·šěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3475;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jesher: son of Caleb (1Ch 2:18+)

3841 יֹשֶׁר (yō·šěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3476; TWOT 930b—1. LN 88.12–88.23 uprightness, i.e., the quality of conforming to a standard (Dt 9:5; 1Ki 9:4; Job 33:3, 23; Ps 25:21; 119:7; Pr 14:2; Ecc 12:10+), note: Pr 8:21 cj; 2. LN 79.88–79.90 straightness, i.e., what is not crooked, or possibly a leveling or evenness of a path (Pr 2:13; 4:11+), note: the reference to an upright life; 3. LN 88.39–88.45 honesty, integrity, i.e., honesty of words or actions to what is real (1Ch 29:17; Job 6:25; Pr 11:24; 17:26+)

3842 יִשְׁרָה (yiš·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3483; TWOT 930c—LN 88.12–88.23 uprightness, i.e., conformity to a standard (1Ki 3:6+)

יְשָׁרָה (yešā·rā(h)) BDB: see 3842

3843 יְשֻׁרוּן (yešǔ·rûn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3484; TWOT 930d—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Jeshurun: symbolic name of the nation of Jacob/Israel showing special relationship (Dt 32:15; 33:5, 26; Isa 44:2+)

3844 יָשֵׁשׁ (yā·šēš): adj.; ≡ Str 3486; TWOT 931a—LN 9.1–9.23 decrepit, i.e., pertaining to a very aged person, so old as to be feeble, as a class of persons (2Ch 36:17+)

3845 יָתֵד (yā·ṯēḏ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3489; TWOT 932a—1. LN 6.14–6.22 tent peg, tent stake, i.e., a device to hold a tent up by fastening to the ground (Ex 27:19); 2. LN 6.14–6.22 hanging peg, i.e., a pin or peg to hang things on (Eze 15:3); 3. LN 6.14–6.22 loom pin, i.e., a device to fasten part of the weavings on a loom (Jdg 16:13, 14+); 4. LN 6.215–6.225 digging tool, digging trowel, i.e., a spade or shovel-like instrument for digging shallow holes (Dt 23:14[EB 13]+); 5. LN 21.9–21.13 security, safety, i.e., a secure place as a figurative extension of a pin or peg as a fastening device (Ezr 9:8)

3846 יָתוֹם (yā·ṯôm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3490; TWOT 934a—LN 10.40 fatherless child, an orphan with a dead father and a widowed mother, as a class of persons helpless and without resource (Dt 10:18), note: it is possibly in some contexts both parents are dead, but this is not explicitly stated

3847 יְתוּר (yeṯûr): n.masc. [oth repoint as qal impf.3ms. of 9365]; ≡ Str 3491; TWOT 936—LN 27.34–27.47 searching, exploration, ranging, i.e., trying to find out information about an object by linear movement (Job 39:8+), note: repoint for another interp, see 9365

3848 יַתִּיר (yǎt·tîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3492;—LN 93-place (loc.) Jattir: Levitical town in the hill country of Judah, (Jos 15:48; 21:14; 1Sa 30:27; 1Ch 6:42[EB 57]+)

3849 יִתְלָה (yiṯ·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3494;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ithlah: site in Dan (Jos 19:42+), note: for Jos 19:42 cj, see 9002

3850 יִתְמָה (yiṯ·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3495;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ithmah: Moabite great warrior for David (1Ch 11:46+)

3851 I. יָתַן (yā·ṯǎn): v.; ≡ Str 5414; TWOT 1443—1. LN 23.205 (qal) be durable, healthy, i.e., not be easily diseased or uprooted (Pr 1:12 cj+), note: for NIV text, see 5989; 2. LN 68.11–68.21 (qal) last a long time, i.e., continue to be in a certain state for a considerable duration (Isa 33:16 cj+), note: NIV parses as 5989

3852 II. יָתַן (yā·ṯǎn): v.—see 5989 (qal) give (2Sa 22:41 cj; Ps 18:33[EB 32] cj+)

3853 יַתְנִיאֵל (yǎṯ·nî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3496;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jathniel: gatekeeper in David’s time (1Ch 26:2+)

3854 יִתְנָן (yiṯ·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3497;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ithnan: site in S Judah (Jos 15:23+)

יתר (ytr): see 3855

יַתִּר (yǎt·tir) BDB: see 3848

3855 יָתַר (yā·ṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3498; TWOT 936—1. LN 63.13–63.20 (nif) be a remainder, left over, be “the rest,” i.e., pertaining to a part or portion of a whole, with a focus that the portion still remains in a place or state (2Sa 9:1); (hif) have left over, have remain (Ex 10:15); 2. LN 21.17–21.24 (nif) spared, preserved, escaped, survived, i.e., pertaining to not being in a condition of danger or death, as an extension of keeping a remainder of a quantity of objects (Jos 11:11); (hif) spare, cause preservation, make survive (Eze 6:8); 3. LN 87.19–87.57 (hif) excel, be prominent, i.e., have a state of high status due to clan position (Ge 49:4); 4. LN 59.48–59.61 (hif) cause abundant situation, cause to have plenteous spare objects (Dt 28:11), note: some parse 1Ch 18:4 as n.masc. of 3463

3856 I. יֶתֶר (yě·ṯěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3499; TWOT 936a—1. LN 63.21–63.22 remainder, remnant, the rest, what is left over (2Sa 10:10); 2. LN 58.54–58.57 outstandingness, excellence, i.e., what is out of the ordinary, with an implication of superiority (Ge 49:3; Da 8:9); 3. LN 57.25–57.35 wealth, abundance, i.e., valuables one owns (Job 22:20; Ps 17:14); 4. LN 33.368–33.373 unit: שָׂפָה יֶתֶר (śā·p̄ā(h) yě·ṯěr)1 arrogant speech, bragging, formally, excess of lips, i.e., prideful talk as a moral failure (Pr 17:7), see also LN 88.206–88.222

3857 II. יֶתֶר (yě·ṯěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3499; TWOT 936a—1. LN 6.14–6.22 binding thong, i.e., the moist animal sinews of a recent kill, with a focus on the strength of the thongs (Jdg 16:7, 8, 9+); 2. LN 6.14–6.22 tent cord, i.e., used to secure a tent (Job 4:21+); 3. LN 6.29–6.40 bowstring (Job 30:11; Ps 11:2+), note: Lisowsky switches 1 and 2 of 3856, 3857

3858 III. יֶתֶר (yě·ṯěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3500;—LN 93-pers. (male) 1. son of Gideon, the delivering judge of Israel (Jdg 8:20+) 2. father of the Amasa (1Ki 2:5; 1Ki 2:32; 1Ch 2:17+), see also 3859 3. of Judah and Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:32+ 4. another of Judah (1Ch 4:17+) 5. of Asher (1Ch 7:38), see also 3864(2.) 6. father-in-law of Moses (Ex 4:18+), see also 3861

יָתֵר (yā·ṯēr): hif impf.3ms.—see 9365 (Pr 12:26+)

יֹתֵר (yō·ṯēr) BDB: see 3463

3859 יִתְרָא (yiṯ·rā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3501;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ithra (Jether NIV): father of the Amasa (2Sa 17:25+), see also 3858(2.)

3860 יִתְרָה (yiṯ·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3502; TWOT 936c—LN 57.25–57.35 abundance, wealth, i.e., valuables that are accumulated (Isa 15:7; Jer 48:36+)

3861 יִתְרוֹ (yiṯ·rô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3503;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jethro: father-in-law of Moses (Ex 3:1; 4:18; 18:1, 2, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12+), see also 3858(6.), 8294(2.)

3862 יִתְרוֹן (yiṯ·rôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3504; TWOT 936f—1. LN 65.40–65.51 gain, advantage, i.e., what is of value or benefit (Ecc 1:3; 2:11, 13; 3:9; 5:15[EB 16]; 7:12+); 2. LN 43 yield, produce, i.e., what is harvested (Ecc 5:8[EB 9]+); 3. LN 68.22–68.33 success, completion, i.e., what is satisfactorily finished (Ecc 10:10, 11+)

3863 יִתְרִי (yiṯ·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3505;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ithrite: pertaining to a clan that lived at Kiriath Jearim (2Sa 23:38; 1Ch 2:53; 11:40+)

3864 יִתְרָן (yiṯ·rān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3506;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ithran: 1. of Seir, a Horite (Ge 36:26; 1Ch 1:41+) 2. of Asher (1Ch 7:37+), see also 3859(5.)

3865 יִתְרְעָם (yiṯ·reʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3507;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ithream: son of David (2Sa 3:5; 1Ch 3:3+)

3866 יֹתֶרֶת (yō·ṯě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3508; TWOT 936e—LN 8.9–8.69 liver lobe, i.e., a fatty mass on the opening of the liver, usually identified as lobus caudatus as an appendage of the liver (Ex 29:13, 22; Lev 3:4, 10, 15; 4:9; 7:4; 8:16, 25; 9:10, 19+), note: the liver may be special reference to the center of one’s life, like the “heart” in other cultures

3867 יְתֵת (yeṯēṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3509;—LN 93-pers. (male) Jetheth: of Esau, a chief of Edom (Ge 36:40; 1Ch 1:51+)
Swanson, J. (1997). Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains : Hebrew (Old Testament) (electronic ed.). Oak Harbor: Logos Research Systems, Inc.
)

‍כ‍, ך

3868 ך (k): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

3869 ךְּ־ (k): prep. & particle—1. LN 64 as, just as, like, whatever, i.e., a marker of comparison and contrast, implying a connection, identity, or association between elements (Ge 9:3); 2. LN 67.17–67.64 when, as soon as, i.e., a marker of a point of time which is simultaneous to or overlapping another time (1Sa 4:5); 3. LN 67.17–67.64 about, i.e., a marker of time which is approximately simultaneous to another point of time (Ge 18:10); 4. LN 89.8–89.11 according to, in, in accordance with, suitable to, i.e., a marker of involving a similarity or correspondence (Ex 26:30); 5. LN 89.105 with, i.e., a marker of linkage between objects or events (2Ki 5:6); 6. LN 89.107–89.119 among, with, i.e., a marker of an association (Job 19:11); 7. LN 78.40–78.43 about, i.e., a degree which approximates a point on a scale either just above or below (Ex 12:37); 8. LN 64 unit: ךְּ־ אֲשֶׁר (k- ʾǎšěr) just as, like, i.e., a marker of comparison and contrast, implying a connection or association between elements (Ge 6:22), note: for NIV text in Pr 26:23, see 4084

ךְּ־ (k): n.[masc.?]—see 3869 the like (1Sa 20:3)

3870 ־ךָ (ḵā): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.pers.2ms.)—LN 92.6–92.10 you, your, i.e., a reference to a receptor of a message (Ge 2:17)

־ָךְ (ā-ḵ): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.pers.2ms. or 2fs)—LN 92.6–92.10 you, your, i.e., a reference to a receptor of a message (Ge 3:18), see also 3870 or 3871

־כֵה (ḵē(h)): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.pers.2ms.)—LN 92.6–92.10 you, your, i.e., a reference to a receptor of a message (Na 2:14[EB 13]+), see also 3870

3871 ־ךְ (k): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.pers. 2fs)—LN 92.6–92.10 you, your, i.e., a reference to a receptor of a message (Ge 3:16)

־כִי (ḵî): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.pers. 2fs)—LN 92.6–92.10 you, your, i.e., a reference to a receptor of a message (Ps 103:3), see also 3871

כּאב (kʾb) or כאב (kʾb): see 3872

3872 כָּאַב (kā·ʾǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 3510; TWOT 940—1. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) be in physical pain (Ge 34:25; Job 14:22+); 2. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) be in mental anguish (Ps 69:30[EB 29]; Pr 14:13+); (hif) cause grief (Eze 13:22+); 3. LN 20.31–20.60 (hif) ruin, destroy something as not to be able to be used (2Ki 3:19+); 4. LN 20.12–20.30 (hif) wound, i.e., to harm another striking (Job 5:18+); 5. LN 79.95–79.96 (hif) be sharp, formally, cause wounding, i.e., pertaining to an object that is sharp and able to wound the skin when coming into contact (Eze 28:24+)

3873 כְּאֵב (keʾēḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3511; TWOT 940a—1. LN 25.223–25.250 anguish, mental suffering, i.e., an emotion of anguish (Job 16:6; Ps 39:3[EB 2]; Isa 65:14+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 pain, i.e., physical pain of the body (Job 2:13; Isa 17:11; Jer 15:18+), note: there may be overlap in the verses and entries

כּאה (kʾh) or כאה (kʾh): see 3874

3874 כָּאָה (kā·ʾā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3512; TWOT 941—LN 25.288–25.296 (nif) be broken, lose heart, i.e., be discouraged (Ps 109:16; Da 11:30+); (hif) dishearten, i.e., cause another to lose heart (Eze 13:22+)

3875 כָּאֶה (kā·ʾě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 2489; TWOT 659a—LN 25.288–25.296 disheartened, i.e., pertaining to being discouraged (Ps 10:10 Q+), note: BDB has “cowed,” i.e., intimidated, note: for K, see 2724

כָּאֹר (kā·ʾōr): prep. + n.masc.—see 3869 + 3284 (Am 8:8+)

כָּאֲרִי (kā·ʾǎrî): see 4125 or 3928 (Ps 22:17[EB 16]+)

3876 כַּאֲשֶׁר (kǎ·ʾǎšěr): pt. and c.—see 3869 + 889

כבד (kbd): see 3877

3877 I. כָּבֵד (kā·ḇēḏ): v.; ≡ Str 3513; TWOT 943—1. LN 86.1–86.3 (qal) be heavy, weigh much, i.e., have an object be physically heavy (Job 6:3; Eze 27:25); (hif) make heavy, feel heavy (La 3:7); 2. LN 87.4–87.18 (qal) honor, honored (Job 14:21), note: in some contexts, implying a raising or changing of financial status; (nif) distinguished, honored, be renowned, i.e., be in the state or gain for oneself a high status among a group of any size (Ge 34:19); (piel) distinguish, honor (Ex 20:12); (pual) be honored (Pr 13:18; 27:18; Isa 28:13+); (hif) honor (Isa 8:23[EB 9:1]); 3. LN 87.19–87.57 (qal) glorify, glorified, i.e., a state of being great and wonderful (Isa 66:5); (nif) glorified (Ex 14:4); (piel) glorify, bring glory (Ps 86:9); 4. LN 57.25–57.35 (qal) be wealthy, i.e., have an accumulation of valuables, considerably above the normal amounts (Ge 13:2); (hif) make wealthy (Hab 2:6); 5. LN 78.1–78.27 (qal) high degree, be intense, be fierce, formally, heavy, i.e., be of degree of intensity which is relatively high, as an extension of an object being heavy or pressing (Ge 18:20; 1Sa 5:6); 6. LN 22.1–22.14 (nif) be a burden, i.e., be a trouble or hardship to another, as an extension of being an object heavy to carry (2Sa 13:25); (hif) make trouble, cause a burden (Ne 5:15); 7. LN 38.14–38.20 (piel) reward, i.e., to give a recompense based on what a person has worked for or earned (Nu 22:17); 8. LN 88.206–88.222 (qal) be proud, i.e., be in an improper state of arrogance and haughtiness as an extension of having high status or glory (2Ch 25:19); 9. LN 59.1–59.10 (qal) be numerous, multiply profusely a number of a quantity (Jdg 1:35), note: in context, by biological procreation; (hitp) be numerous (Na 3:15+); 10. LN 75 (qal) fail, i.e., be inadequate to a task or function as an extension of an object being heavy, or a sense perception becoming unresponsive (Ge 48:10); 11. LN 88.227–88.237 (hitp) put on airs, pretend to be somebody, i.e., act. in a pretentious way which is not conformed to reality of a situation, as an extension of honoring oneself and ascribing high status by one’s behaviors and words (Pr 12:9+); 12. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: (qal) כָּבֵד (kā·ḇēḏ) … לֵב (lēḇ) be unresponsive, formally, harden the heart, i.e., be morally stubborn regarding a change of action or attitude (Ex 9:7); 13. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: (piel) כָּבֵד (kā·ḇēḏ) … לָבֵב (lā·ḇēḇ) be unresponsive, formally, harden the heart, i.e., be morally stubborn regarding a change of action or attitude (1Sa 6:6); 14. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: (hif) כָּבֵד (kā·ḇēḏ) … לֵב (lēḇ), לָבֵב (lā·ḇēḇ) cause to be unresponsive, formally, harden the heart, i.e., be morally stubborn regarding a change of action or attitude (Ex 8:11); 15. LN 22.1–22.14 unit: (hif) כָּבֵד (kā·ḇēḏ) … עֹל (ʿōl) cause trouble, cause a burden, formally, place a heavy yoke, i.e., make a person or a people’s life miserable as an extension of putting a yoke on an animal which is physically heavy (1Ki 12:10); 16. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: (hif) אֹזֶן כָּבֵד (ʾō·zěn kā·ḇēḏ)1 be unresponsive, make dull, formally, cause the ears to be heavy, i.e., be morally stubborn regarding a change of action or attitude, as an extension of plugging the ears so one cannot hear and so respond (Isa 6:10; Zec 7:11); 17. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: (qal) אֹזֶן כָּבֵד (ʾō·zěn kā·ḇēḏ)1 be unresponsive, make dull, formally, cause the ears to be heavy, i.e., be morally stubborn regarding a change of action or attitude, as an extension of plugging the ears so one cannot hear and so respond (Isa 59:1), note: Ge 13:2; 2Sa 14:26 some parse as 3878; for another parsing in 1Sa 2:30; La 1:8, see 4799.5

3878 II. כָּבֵד (kā·ḇēḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 3515; TWOT 943a—1. LN 78.1–78.27 severe, i.e., pertaining to a great degree of intensity (Ge 12:10; 50:10; Ex 9:3; ); 2. LN 59.1–59.10 large, i.e., pertaining to a large number of persons as a quantity (Ge 50:9; Ex 12:38; 2Ki 18:17; Isa 36:2); 3. LN 79.123–79.128 large, i.e., pertaining to being of a large physical size of an object (Isa 32:2); 4. LN 86.1–86.3 heavy, i.e., pertaining to being of a great physical weight (1Sa 4:18; Ex 17:12); 5. LN 88.126–88.134 harsh, i.e., pertaining to a heavy handed dealing with a person as oppression which treats people badly (1Ki 12:11); 6. LN 79 thick, i.e., pertaining to a dense mass of a thing (Ex 19:16); 7. LN 88.223–88.226 stubborn, formally, heavy of heart, i.e., to refuse to submit to another (Ex 7:14); 8. LN 32.19–32.23 difficult, i.e., pertaining to what is not easy to understand (Eze 3:5, 6), note: 1 & 2 in Lisowsky is 2 & 3 in GK#sing., note: Ge 13:2; 2Sa 14:26 some parse as qal of 3877

3879 III. כָּבֵד (kā·ḇēḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3516; TWOT 943b—1. LN 8.9–8.69 liver, i.e., an organ of the body, with the associative meaning of this being the organ essential to life, and possibly the center of being (Ex 29:13, 22; Lev 3:4, 10, 15; 4:9; 7:4; 8:16, 25; 9:10, 19; Pr 7:23; Eze 21:26[EB 21]+); 2. LN 26 heart, formally, liver, i.e., the center or seat of psychological faculties (La 2:11+)

כָּבֹד (kā·ḇōḏ): see 3883

3880 כֹּבֶד (kō·ḇěḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3514; TWOT 943c—1. LN 86.1–86.3 heaviness, heavy mass, i.e., the density and so solidity of a thing as the feature of an object (Pr 27:3+), see also domain LN 79.7–79.8; 2. LN 55.2–55.6 intensity, i.e., a fierceness of battle (Isa 21:15+); 3. LN 79 density, i.e., a thick mass (Isa 30:27+); 4. LN 59.1–59.10 pile, mound, i.e., a physical mass of piled dead bodies as a large number (Na 3:3+)

3881 כְּבֵדֻת (keḇē·ḏǔṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3517; TWOT 943g—LN 22.29–22.34 difficulty, i.e., a hard circumstance to accomplish a goal (Ex 14:25+)

כּבה (kbh) or כבה (kbh): see 3882

3882 כָּבָה (kā·ḇā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3518; TWOT 944—1. LN 14.63–14.73 (qal) be quenched, go out, i.e., have a flame or fire stop burning either by overt action or by natural causes (Lev 6:5[EB 12]), note: in some contexts this action can refer to the stopping of an activity or state; (piel) quench, put out, snuff out (2Ch 29:7); 2. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) stop, cease, formally, quench, i.e., cease an activity as an extension of putting out a fire (2Ki 22:17); (piel) stop, cease, put out (SS 8:7)

3883 I. כָּבוֹד (kā·ḇôḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3519; TWOT 943d, 943e—1. LN 87.4–87.18 glory, splendor (Jos 7:19); 2. LN 87.4–87.18 honor, respect, i.e., the attribution of high status to a person (Ge 45:13; Pr 11:16); 3. LN 57.25–57.35 wealth, i.e., what is valued and abundant (Ge 31:1; Na 2:10[EB 9]); 4. LN 76 manifestation of power, formally, glory (Ex 16:7; Nu 14:22); 5. LN 85.1–85.31 glorious presence, formally, glory (Ex 29:43; 1Sa 4:21); 6. LN 57.71–57.124 reward, i.e., giving of a gift (Nu 24:11); 7. LN 57.25–57.35 unit: עֹשֶׁר כָּבוֹד (ʿō·šěr kā·ḇôḏ)1 vast wealth, formally, wealth of riches, i.e., very extensive wealth and possessions (Est 1:4); 8. LN 26 person, self, formally, glory, i.e., the self or inner person (Ps 16:9; 30:13[EB 12]; 57:9[EB 8]; 108:2[EB 1]), note: the NIV in 16:9 has the “tongue” as the organ of speech, see also domain LN 8.9–8.69; 9. LN 12.1–12.42 the Glory, i.e., a title for God (Ps 106:20; Jer 2:11; Hos 4:7); 10. LN 37.48–37.95 ruler, men of high rank, i.e., ones who govern (Isa 5:13); 11. LN 52 unit: שָׁכַב בְּ־ כָּבוֹד (šā·ḵǎḇ b- kā·ḇôḏ)1 lie in state, i.e., be in a royal state of entombment (Isa 14:18)

3884 II. כָּבוֹד (kā·ḇôḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 3520; TWOT 943f—LN 79.9–79.17 glorious, elegant, i.e., pertaining to great beauty (Ps 45:14[EB 13]; Eze 23:41+), note: MT (and Lisowsky) points Ps 45:14[EB 13]; Eze 23:41 as n.fem. of 3885

3885 כְּבוּדָּה (keḇûd·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3520; TWOT 943f—LN 57.1–57.21 valuable property, possession, i.e., what is owned as wealth (Jdg 18:21+), note: NIV and oth place Ps 45:14[EB 13]; Eze 23:41 as fem. a of 3884

3886 כָּבוּל (kā·ḇûl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3521;—LN 93-place (loc.) Cabul: 1. town of Asher (Jos 19:27+) 2. area of Naphtali (1Ki 9:13+)

3887 כַּבּוֹן (kǎb·bôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3522;—LN 93-place (loc.) Cabbon: site in Judah in Shephalah (Jos 15:40+)

3888 כַּבִּיר (kǎb·bîr): adj.; ≡ Str 3524; TWOT 947a—1. LN 76 strong, great, i.e., pertaining to intense acts of nature (Job 8:2; Isa 17:12; 28:2+); 2. LN 67.78–67.141 aged, i.e., pertaining to being of an old age, as a duration of time (Job 15:10+); 3. LN 57.25–57.35 fortune, wealth, i.e., pertaining to what has value (Job 31:25+); 4. LN 12.1–12.42 Mighty One, i.e., a title of God (Job 34:17+), see also domain LN 74; 5. LN 74 mighty, i.e., pertaining to a strong, powerful person, with a focus on his ability or potency (Job 34:24; 36:5+); 6. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: לֹא כַּבִּיר (lō(ʾ) kǎb·bîr) feeble, formally, not mighty, i.e., to be weak (Isa 16:14+)

3889 כָּבִיר (kā·ḇîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3523; TWOT 948a—LN 6.152–6.187 goat hair covering, i.e., a quilt, blanket, or netting made of hair, used to cover the head area (1Sa 19:13, 16+), note: other translations suggest that the goat hair item was placed at the head to look like a man’s hair

3890 כֶּבֶל (kě·ḇěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3525; TWOT 945a—LN 6.14–6.22 bonds, shackles, fetters, i.e., implements which bind the feet or hands (Ps 105:18; 149:8+)

כּבס (kbs) or כבס (kbs): see 3891

3891 כָּבַס (kā·ḇǎs): v.; ≡ Str 3526; TWOT 946—LN 47 (piel) launder, i.e., wash something with liquid (Ex 19:10); (pual) be washed (Lev 13:58; 15:17+); (hotpael or hutpael) be washed off (Lev 13:55, 56+); note: for qal ptcp. as noun, see 3916.5

כּבר (kbr) or כבר (kbr): see 3892

3892 כָּבַר (kā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3527, 4342; TWOT 947—1. LN 33.69–33.108 (hif) speak profusely, i.e., talk a lot (Job 35:16+); 2. LN 59.48–59.61 (hif) provide in abundance (Job 36:31+)

3893 I. כְּבָר (keḇār): adv.; ≡ Str 3528; TWOT 947c—LN 67.17–67.64 already, before, long since, even up to now, i.e., pertaining to a time preceding another point in time (Ecc 1:10; 2:12, 16; 3:15; 4:2; 6:10; 9:6, 7+), note: in some contexts, implying a completion or fulfillment up to virtually the present

3894 II. כְּבָר (keḇār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3529; TWOT 947d—LN 93-place (River) Kebar: perhaps a large canal in Mesopotamia (Eze 1:1, 3; 3:15, 23; 10:15, 20, 22; 43:3+)

3895 I. כְּבָרָה (keḇā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3531; TWOT 948b—LN 6.4–6.9 sieve, i.e., an implement to sort and strain impurities (such as pebbles and clods) out of grain (Am 9:9+), note: its exact make-up is not known, possibly some kind of an implement with netting

3896 II. כְּבָרָה (keḇā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3530; TWOT 947b—LN 81.25–81.29 unit: כְּבָרָה הַ־ אֶרֶץ (keḇā·rā(h) hǎ- ʾě·rěṣ) certain distance, i.e., a particular measurement of length, according to cognate analogies, about seven miles (12k.) (Ge 35:16; 48:7; 2Ki 5:19+), see WBC2:326

כִּבְרָה (kiḇ·rā(h)) BDB: see 3896

3897 כֶּבֶשׂ (kě·ḇěś): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3532; TWOT 949—LN 4.1–4.37 ram-lamb, i.e., ceremonially clean animal, hence eatable: small ruminate mammal, ram-lamb or young ram sheep, of the Ovis family, about a year old or more (Ex 12:5), see also 3898, 4166, 4167

כַּבְשָׂה (kǎḇ·śā(h)) BDB: see 3898

3898 כִּבְשָׂה (kiḇ·śā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3535; TWOT 950—LN 4.1–4.37 ewe-lamb, i.e., ceremonially clean animal, hence eatable: small ruminate mammal; ewe-lamb, young female sheep, of the Ovis family, about a year old or more (Ge 21:28, 29, 30; Lev 14:10; Nu 6:14; 2Sa 12:3, 4, 6+), see also 3897

כּבשׁ (kbš) or כבשׁ (kbš): see 3899

3899 כָּבַשׁ (kā·ḇǎš): v.; ≡ Str 3533; TWOT 951—1. LN 39.52–39.61 (qal) subdue, overcome, enslave, i.e., conquer and control an environment or people (Ge 1:28; 2Ch 28:10; Ne 5:5a; Jer 34:11 Q,16; Zec 9:15+); (nif) be subdued, be subject, be brought under control (Nu 32:22, 29; Jos 18:1; 1Ch 22:18; Ne 5:5b+); (piel) subdue (2Sa 8:11+); (hif) subdue, subjugate (Jer 34:11 K+); 2. LN 88.271–88.282 (qal) molest, formally, subdue, i.e., commit a sexual violation of a female, as an extension of conquering a people or environment (Est 7:8+); 3. LN 40.8–40.13 unit: כָּבַשׁ עָוֹן (kā·ḇǎš ʿā·wōn) remove sin, formally, subdue wrongs, i.e., remove guilt from wrongdoing, implying relationship, as a figurative extension of conquering a people or nation (Mic 7:19+)

3900 כֶּבֶשׁ (kě·ḇěš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3534; TWOT 951a—LN 6.106–6.117 footstool, i.e., a small piece of furniture to rest the feet (2Ch 9:18+)

3901 כִּבְשָׁן (kiḇ·šān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3536; TWOT 952—LN 7.73 smelting furnace, forge, i.e., a metal-smelting oven which attains relatively high temperatures (Ge 19:28; Ex 9:8, 10; 19:18+)

3902 כַּד (kǎḏ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3537; TWOT 953a—LN 6.118–6.151 jar, pitcher, i.e., an earthen container of a size that could normally transport water or flour on the shoulder (Ge 24:14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 43, 45, 46; Jdg 7:16,19, 20; 1Ki 17:12, 14, 16; 18:34[EB 33a]; Ecc 12:6+)

3903 כַּדּוּר (kǎd·dûr): n.masc. [oth prep. + art + n.masc.]—see 3869 + 2021 + 1885 (Isa 22:18; 29:3+)

3904 כְּדֵי (keḏê): n.[masc.]—see 1896 + 3869 (Lev 25:26; Dt 25:2; Jdg 6:5; Ne 5:8; Est 1:18+)

3905 כַּדְכֹּד (kǎḏ·kōḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3539; TWOT 953c—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: (NIV, ASV, NASB, NRSV, NAB, NJB, Tanakh) ruby; (KJV, NKJV, RSV, WBC) agate; (NEB, REB) red jasper; (NEB ftn) carbuncle (Isa 54:12; Eze 27:16+)

כְּדֻמָה (keḏǔ·mā(h)) Holladay: see 3869 + 1951 (Eze 27:32+)

3906 כְּדָר־לָעֹמֶר (keḏār-·lā·ʿō·měr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3540;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kedorlaomer: king of Elam (Ge 14:17+), see also 3906.5

כְּדָרְלָעֹמֶר (keḏār·lā·ʿō·měr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3540;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kedorlaomer: king of Elam (Ge 14:1, 4, 5, 9+), see also 3906

3907 כֹּה (kō(h)): adv. demonstrative; ≡ Str 3541; TWOT 955—1. LN 91.13 this is what, thusly, so, just so, i.e., a marker of a transition in a discourse or sentence, as a prompter of attention focusing on content that will follow (Ge 31:8; Isa 43:1); 2. LN 83.1–83.4 here, i.e., pertaining to a spatial position which is relatively near the speaker (Ge 31:37; Nu 23:15; Ru 2:8); 3. LN 83.1–83.4 there, i.e., pertaining to a spatial position which is relatively far from the speaker (Ge 22:5); 4. LN 67.17–67.64 now, i.e., pertaining to a time simultaneous with the event or discourse itself (Ex 7:16); 5. LN 64 so, so also, i.e., a marker of comparison or likeness (Ge 15:5); 6. LN 92.29–92.36 this, i.e., a demonstrative reference to an entity relatively close from the view of the speaker (1Ki 22:20a); 7. LN 92.29–92.36 that, i.e., a demonstrative reference to an entity relatively far from the view of the speaker (1Ki 22:20b); 8. LN 83.5–83.8 unit: כֹּה וְ־ כֹּה (kō(h) w- kō(h)) here and there, i.e., pertaining to a space in any direction (Nu 11:31+); 9. LN 33.463–33.469 unit: כֹּה עָשָׂה וְ־ כֹּה יָסַף (kō(h) ʿā·śā(h) w- kō(h) yā·sǎp̄) be it ever so severe, formally, thus said, and thus added, i.e., a formula oath invoking great harm, to a severe degree of harm, to oneself or another (Ru 1:17; 1Sa 3:17; 14:44; 20:13; 25:22; 2Sa 3:9, 35; 19:14[EB 13]; 1Ki 2:23; 19:2; 20:10; 2Ki 6:31+); 10. LN 67.136–67.141 unit: עַד כֹּה וְ־ עַד כֹּה (ʿǎḏ kō(h) w- ʿǎḏ kō(h)) meanwhile, formally, till thus and till thus, i.e., an extent of time within another unit or extension of time (1Ki 18:45+), note: further study may yield more domains

כהה (khh) Lisowsky: see 3908, 3909

כּהה (khh)[1] or I. כהה (khh): see 3908

כּהה (khh)[2] or II. כהה (khh): see 3909

3908 I. כָּהָה (kā·hā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3543; TWOT 957—1. LN 79.26–79.38 (piel) fade, become faint, i.e., have a less intense color, implying a more healthy condition, see also domain LN 23.129–23.141 (Lev 13:6, 21, 26, 28, 56+), note: some parse as an a, see also 3910 or 3910.5; 2. LN 74 (qal) be unable, be incapable, formally, faded, growing dim, i.e., be in a state of incapacity for a function, task as an extension of the fading of light (Ge 27:1; Dt 34:7; Job 17:7; Isa 42:4+), see also domain LN 24.1–24.51; 3. LN 25.223–25.250 (piel) faint, be disheartened, i.e., a feeling or attitude of worry and anxiety, with a focus on not being able or have the capacity to resist with courage, see also domain LN 74 (Eze 21:12[EB 7]+); 4. LN 24.1–24.51 unit: כָּהָה כָּהָה (kā·hā(h) kā·hā(h))1 totally blinded, i.e., a state of total lack of sight (Zec 11:17+), see also domain LN 74

3909 II. כָּהָה (kā·hā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3543; TWOT 957—LN 33.417–33.422 (piel) rebuke, i.e., speak words that set someone on a right path, and so act. as a restraint on some behavior (1Sa 3:13+)

3910 כֵּהֶה (kē·hě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 3544; TWOT 957a—1. LN 79.26–79.38 faded, i.e., pertaining to having a more normal coloring of the skin (Lev 13:21, 26, 28, 39+); 2. LN 24.1–24.51 weak, i.e., pertaining to a nearly blind condition of the eyes (1Sa 3:2+); 3. LN 14.63–14.73 smoldering, i.e., pertaining to a burning fire without flame (Isa 42:3+); 4. LN 25.223–25.250 despair, i.e., pertaining to being in a state of anxiety and silent hopelessness (Isa 61:3+)

כֵּהָה (kē·hā(h)): adj.—see 3908 piel (Lev 13:6, 21, 26, 28, 56+)

3911 כֵּהָה (kē·hā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3545; TWOT 957b—1. LN 23.129–23.141 healing, i.e., that process of a wound being restored to normal state of health (Na 3:19+), note: BDB, BHS ftn, read text as 1565?; 2. LN 23.78–23.87 quenching, relief, i.e., a state of being free from pain and so able to rest (Na 3:19+), see also domain LN 24.77–24.94

כּהן (khn) or כהן (khn): see 3912

3912 כָּהַן (kā·hǎn): v.; ≡ Str 3547; TWOT 959—1. LN 53.1–53.15 (piel) serve as a priest (Ex 28:1, 3, 4, 41; 29:1, 44; 30:30; 31:10; 35:19; 39:41; 40:13, 15; Lev 7:35; 16:32; Nu 3:3, 4; Dt 10:6; 1Ch 5:36[EB 6:10]; 24:2; 2Ch 11:14; Eze 44:13; Hos 4:6+); 2. LN 49 (piel) adorn like a priest, dress like a priest (Isa 61:10+), see also domain LN 53

3913 כֹּהֵן (kō·hēn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3548; TWOT 959a—1. LN 53.87 priest, cleric, minister, i.e., one who performs religious rites and rituals to God on behalf of others (1Sa 1:3), note: the OT priests had other functions that included medical diagnosis, policing functions and teaching, but as related to the service to the LORD; 2. LN 53.66–53.95 unit: גָּדוֹל כֹּהֵן (gā·ḏôl kō·hēn) high priest, i.e., a priest with special status and function (2Ki 12:11[EB 10]); 3. LN 37.48–37.95 royal advisor, i.e., a special class of counselor to the king (2Sa 8:18+), note: oth translate as “priest” and reconcile as a temporary appointment of a non-levitical priest

3914 כְּהֻנָּה (kehǔn·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3550; TWOT 959b—LN 53.66–53.95 priesthood, i.e., the office that the priest holds and serves (Ex 29:9; 40:15; Nu 3:10; 16:10; 18:1, 7; 25:13; Jos 18:7; 1Sa 2:36; Ezr 2:62; Ne 7:64; 13:29+)

3915 כּוּב (kûḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3552;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Kub: Chub (KJV, NKJV; Cub, ASV) an unknown place (Eze 30:5+), note: most EB emend text to BHS cj based on ancient versions, “Lub” or “Libya,” see 4275

3916 כּוֹבַע (kô·ḇǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3553; TWOT 960—LN 6.29–6.40 helmet, i.e., a strong metal covering of the head for protection, as a preparation for military engagement (1Sa 17:5; 2Ch 26:14; Isa 59:17; Jer 46:4; Eze 27:10; 38:5+), see also 7746

כּוֹבֵס (kô·ḇēs): n.masc. [oth qal ptcp. of 3891]; ≡ Str 3553; TWOT 960—LN 47 Washerman, fuller, i.e., one who washes and fulls (scrubs and roughs) cloth (2Ki 18:17; Isa 7:3; 36:2+), note: the referent is n.pr.

כּוה (kwh) or כוה (kwh): see 3917

3917 כָּוָה (kā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3554; TWOT 961—LN 14.63–14.73 (nif impf.) be burned, be scorched, i.e., to have a very hot element touch and so burn the skin (Pr 6:28; Isa 43:2+)

3918 כְּוִיָּה (kewiy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3555; TWOT 961b—LN 14.63–14.73 burning-spot, scar of a burn, apparently with no implication of this burn mark as a stigma or sign (Ex 21:25+), see also domain LN 8.56

כּוֹחַ (kôaḥ): see 3946 (Da 11:6+)

3919 כּוֹכָב (kô·ḵāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3556; TWOT 942a—1. LN 1.26–1.33 star, i.e., a luminary object in the night sky (Ge 1:16); 2. LN 14.36–14.52 light of the star (Job 9:7); 3. LN 37.48–37.95 king, formally, star, i.e., a ruler as figurative extension of a lofty heavenly body (Nu 24:17; Am 5:26); 4. LN 12.1–12.42 heavenly powers, formally, stars, i.e., a class of being in heaven that serves God (Jdg 5:20; Job 38:7; Isa 14:13; Da 8:10); 5. LN 1.46–1.50 very high place, formally, star, i.e., a high defensible place as the figurative extension of the loftiness of a star (Ob 4); 6. LN 32.40 unit: חָזָה כּוֹכָב (ḥā·zā(h) kô·ḵāḇ) stargazer, i.e., a class of persons that interpret the movements of the stars to tell the future (Isa 47:13)

כּול (kwl) or כול (kwl): see 3920

3920 כּוּל (kûl): v.; ≡ Str 3557; TWOT 962—1. LN 85.32–85.54 (qal) place, put, hold, i.e., set an object in a place, implying a containment or controlling of the object (Isa 40:12+); (hif) hold (1Ki 7:26, 38; 8:64; 2Ch 4:5; 7:7; Jer 2:13; 6:11; Eze 21:33; 23:32+), note: apparently NIV in Eze 21:33[EB 28] parses or changes text to 430; BHS ftn suggests text as 3983; (piel) contain (1Ki 8:27; 2Ch 2:5[EB 6]; 6:18+), note: some place under the domain of comprehension or understanding, see also domain LN 32, see also domain LN 18.1–18.11; 2. LN 39.18–39.20 (hif) endure, bear up, i.e., to resist anothers course of action or state (Jer 10:10; Joel 2:11; Am 7:10+); (pilpel) endure (Pr 18:14; Jer 20:9; Mal 3:2+); 3. LN 35.36–35.46 (pilpel) provide, supply, i.e., give sustenance necessary for physical survival such as food and water, and possibly other kinds of needs or comforts (Ge 45:11; 47:12; 50:21; Ru 4:15; 2Sa 19:33[EB 32],34[EB 33]; 20:3; 1Ki 4:7; 5:7[EB 4:27]; 17:4, 9; 18:4, 13; Ne 9:21; Ps 55:23[EB 22]; Zec 11:16+); 4. LN 35.36–35.46 (polpel) provide, supply, i.e., give sustenance necessary for physical survival such as food and water, and possibly other kinds of needs or comforts (1Ki 20:27+); 5. LN 41.1–41.24 (pilpel) conduct, i.e., have a certain behavior (Ps 112:5+)

3921 כּוּמָז (kû·māz): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3558; TWOT 990a—LN 6.188–6.196 female ornament, i.e., some kind of jewelry as around the neck and upper front area (Ex 35:22; Nu 31:50+), note: the ety. may suggest small balls or round bunches of metal

כּון (kwn) or כון (kwn): see 3922

3922 I. כּוּן (kûn): v.; ≡ Str 3559; TWOT 964—1. LN 42.29–42.40 (qal) form, fashion, i.e., make a product by fashioning it (Job 31:15), note: others read text as polel form; (nif) formed, developed (Eze 16:7); (polel) formed (Dt 32:6; Ps 119:73); (hif) form, shape (Ps 65:7[EB 6]); 2. LN 76 (nif) be established, proved, secure, arranged, sustained, i.e., authenticate something as valid and having legitimate authority, with a focus on the durability and lastingness of the situation (2Sa 7:16); (polel) established (Ex 15:17); (polal active) make firm (Ps 37:23+); (hitpolel) established (Pr 24:3; Isa 54:14+); (hif) establish, ordain (1Sa 13:13); (hof) be established (Isa 16:5+); 3. LN 30.75–30.85 (nif) be decided, i.e., to have a firm conclusion to a thought process (Ge 41:32); (polel) be bent on, decide (Isa 51:13); (hif) appointed, decided (Jos 4:4); 4. LN 77 (nif) be prepared, be ready, i.e., implying both a thoughtful planning and an orderly arrangement of items (Ex 19:11); (polal) prepared (Eze 28:13+); (hitpolel) ready oneself (Ps 59:5[EB 4]+); (hif) prepare, make ready (Ge 43:16); (hof) be made ready (Pr 21:31; Isa 30:33; Zec 5:11+); 5. LN 45 (nif) be a support, i.e., be a base or holding structure for an upper part of a building (Jdg 16:26); (polel) make a foundation, make a support (Ps 24:2; Pr 3:19); (hitpolel) found, build a large area with structures (Nu 21:27); (hif) build up, erect (Dt 19:3; Est 6:4); 6. LN 31.82–31.101 (nif) be trusted, loyal, i.e., pertaining to being reliable (Ps 5:10[EB 9]; 78:37); (hif) be loyal (1Ch 29:18); 7. LN 85.32–85.54 (nif) be set, be placed, i.e., put an object in a place, or a proper position in a place (Ps 101:7; 141:2), see also domain LN 18; (polel) set in place (Ps 7:13[EB 12]; 8:4[EB 3]); (hif) take a place (Job 29:7); (hof) be put in place (Eze 40:43; Na 2:6[EB 5]+); 8. LN 13.104–13.163 (nif) be about to, i.e., have an event happen very shortly (Ps 38:18[EB 17]); (hif) bring about (2Ch 29:36); 9. LN 74 (nif) steadfast, firm, i.e., pertaining to being capable and able for a task or function (Ps 51:12[EB 10]); (hif) be firm (Jos 3:17); 10. LN 66 (nif) be right, i.e., what is right and proper in a situation established by a code or understanding (Ex 8:22[EB 26]); 11. LN 42.7–42.28 (nif) be conducted, performed, i.e., have energy or task undertaken, implying completion (2Ch 8:16); 12. LN 35.36–35.46 (hif) provide, give supply, i.e., care for objects by supplying what is needed, possibly implying a little more (1Ch 12:40[EB 39]); 13. LN 68.22–68.33 (hif) finish, i.e., complete a task or time frame, implying a successful completion (Pr 24:27); 14. LN 27.34–27.47 (polel) ask about, i.e., try to find out information (Job 8:8); 15. LN 30.56–30.74 (hif) make plans, i.e., give definite thought and design to the construction of an object, and also make a way to communicate the plans (1Ch 28:2); 16. LN 25.68–25.79 (hif) devote oneself, i.e., eagerly give oneself to an endeavor (Ezr 7:10); 17. LN 16 (hif) heap up, i.e., make a pile of objects or mass (Job 27:16), note: further study may yield more domains

3923 II. כּוּן (kûn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3560;—LN 93-place (loc.) Cun: Syrian city captured by David, or (1Ch 18:8+), see also 1408

3924 כַּוָּן (kǎw·wān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3561; TWOT 964f—LN 53.16–53.27 sacrificial lump of food, i.e., a cake of bread presented as an offering (Jer 7:18; 44:19+)

3925 כּוֹנַנְיָהוּ (kô·nǎn·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3562;—LN 93-pers. (male) Conaniahu (Conaniah NIV): 1. Levite, officer of contributions (2Ch 31:12 K,13 K+) 2. Levite, officer of distribution (2Ch 35:9 K+), note: for Q, see 4042

3926 I. כּוֹס (kôs): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3563; TWOT 965, 966—1. LN 6.118–6.151 cup, i.e., a container to hold liquid (2Sa 12:3; Pr 23:31 K), note: for Q see 3967; 2. LN 5.1–5.22 cup, i.e., a portion of drink as a serving to be consumed (Ps 16:5); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 unit: מְנָת כּוֹס (menāṯ kôs)1 fate, lot, i.e., what will occur (Ps 11:6), see also domain LN 30.86–30.107; 4. LN 13.104–13.163 unit: כּוֹס חֵמָה (kôs ḥē·mā(h)) event, occurrence, formally, cup of wrath, i.e., a happening or occurrence of an event (Isa 51:17); 5. LN 53.16–53.27 unit: כּוֹס יְשׁוּעָה (kôs yešû·ʿā(h)) libation offering, formally, cup of salvation, i.e., a libation offering as a thank offering for salvation (Ps 116:13)

3927 II. כּוֹס (kôs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3563; TWOT 965—LN 4.38–4.46 nocturnal bird, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature, a kind of bird of the Strigiformes family, a nocturnal animal; (ASV, KJV, NKJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV, Tanakh) the little owl; (RSV, NAB) the owl; (NEB, REB) tawny owl; (NJB) horned owl (Lev 11:17; Dt 14:16; Ps 102:7[EB 6]+)

3928 I. כּוּר (kûr): v.; ≡ Str 3738; TWOT 1033, 1035—LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) pierce, i.e., a cutting action to incise or stab the flesh, with a possibly focus on the piercing with a dull instrument (Ps 22:17[EB 16]+), note: for another parsing, see 4125; note: for MT parsing, see 3869 + 2021 + 787

3929 II. כּוּר (kûr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3564; TWOT 967b, 968—1. LN 7.73 metal-smelting furnace, i.e., a construction that attains high temperatures to melt metals and remove the dross-impurities (Pr 17:3; 27:21; Eze 22:18, 20, 22+), note: often the reference is to a human testing and purifying experience, cf. 3968, see also domain LN 88.24–88.35; 2. LN 73 purification, evaluation, i.e., the process or time of affliction or testing, as a figurative extension of a smelting-furnace (Dt 4:20; 1Ki 8:51; Jer 11:4+); 3. LN 22.15–22.20 unit: כּוּר עֳנִי (kûr ʿǒnî) events that afflict, formally, furnace of affliction, i.e., an event that is an experience of affliction (Isa 48:10+)

3930 כּוֹר עָשָׁן (kôr ʿā·šān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3565;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kor Ashan (1Sa 30:30 v.r.+), note: see BHS ftn; see also 1016

3931 כּוֹרֶשׁ (kô·rěš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3566;—LN 93-pers. (male) Cyrus: founder of the Persian Empire (2Ch 36:22,23; Ezr 1:1,2, 7, 8; 3:7; 4:3, 5; Isa 44:28; 45:1; Da 1:21; 10:1+)

3932 I. כּוּשׁ (kûš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3568; TWOT 969—LN 93-pers. Cush: 1. (male) son of Ham (Ge 10:6) 2. (gent.) people of a country of the mid.-Nile (oth S Arabia or Mesopotamia, see 3932.5) ((Ps 68:32[EB 31]; Isa 20:4)

כּוּשׁ (kûš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3568; TWOT 969—LN 93-place (loc.) (terr) currently unknown land (Ge 2:13), see also 3932

3933 II. כּוּשׁ (kûš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3568; TWOT 969—LN 93-pers. (male) Cush: of Benjamin (Ps 7:1[EB title]+)

3934 I. כּוּשִׁי (kû·šî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3569, 3571; TWOT 969a—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Cushite: pertaining to Cush (Nu 12:1), see 3932(2 or 3)

3935 II. כּוּשִׁי (kû·šî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3570;—LN 93-pers. (male) Cushi: 1. father of Zephaniah (2.) (Zep 1:1+) 2. ancestor of one in Jehoiakim’s court (Jer 36:14+)

3936 כּוּשָׁן (kû·šān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3572;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Cushan: people living in a land, mentioned with Midian (Hab 3:7+); also, a part of a compound name, Cushan-Rishathaim, see 3937; note: some parse as a n.pr.terr, but context favors gent.

3937 כּוּשַׁן רִשְׁעָתַיִם (kû·šǎn riš·ʿā·ṯǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3573;—LN 93-pers. (male) Cushan-Rishathaim: king of Mesopotamia (Jdg 3:8,10+)

3938 כּוֹשָׁרָה (kô·šā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3574; TWOT 1052a—1. LN 59.44–59.47 prosperity, i.e., a state of sufficiency and so have enough things and be in a state of good fortune, implying the prisoner is in good spirits (Ps 68:7[EB 6]+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.109–33.116 singing, i.e., making music with the voice as a gesture of joy (Ps 68:7[EB 6]+)

כּוֹשָׁרוֹת (kô·šā·rôṯ) BDB: see 3938

כּוֹתֶרֶת (kô·ṯě·rěṯ): see 4196 (Jer 52:22+)

3939 כּוּת (kûṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3575;—LN 93-place (loc.) Cuth: Babylonian city (2Ki 17:30+), see also 3940

3940 כּוּתָה (kû·ṯā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3575;—LN 93-place (loc.) Cuthah: Babylonian city (2Ki 17:24+), see also 3939

כּזב (kzb) or כזב (kzb): see 3941

3941 כָּזַב (kā·zǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 3576; TWOT 970—1. LN 33.251–33.255 (qal) lie, be a liar, i.e., communicate what is not true, and so in no way, or in no virtual way to what is real or true (Ps 116:11+), see also domain LN 72; (nif) be proven a liar, be false (Job 41:1[EB 9]; Pr 30:6+); (piel) lie, deceive, prove false (Nu 23:19; 2Ki 4:16; Job 6:28; 34:6; Ps 78:36; 89:36[EB 35]; Pr 14:5; Isa 57:11; Eze 13:19; Mic 2:11; Hab 2:3+); (hif) prove someone a liar (Job 24:25+); 2. LN 68.34–68.57 (piel) fail, cease, i.e., come to an end, implying an unsatisfactory condition or conclusion (Isa 58:11+)

3942 כָּזָב (kā·zāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3577; TWOT 970a—1. LN 33.251–33.255 lie, falsehood, i.e., what is spoken as contrary to reality (Jdg 16:10, 13); 2. LN 12.1–12.42 pagan god, i.e., a false god as an entity to be worshiped by a deluded person, with a particular focus on the falseness of the god (Ps 4:3[EB 2]; 40:5[EB 4]; Am 2:4); 3. LN 31.8–31.13 deception, delusion, i.e., that which causes a wrong opinion about something (Pr 23:3)

3943 כֹּזֵבָא (kō·zē·ḇā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3578;—LN 93-place (loc.) Cozeba: of Judah (1Ch 4:22+)

3944 כָּזְבִּי (kāz·bî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3579;—LN 93-pers. (female) Cozbi: immoral, pagan Midianite woman (Nu 25:15, 18+)

3945 כְּזִיב (kezîḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3580;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kezib: town in foothills of Judah (Ge 38:5+), note: possibly see also 424(2.)

3946 I. כֹּחַ (kōaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3581; TWOT 973a—1. LN 76 power, might, i.e., the potential to exert force in performing some function (Zec 4:6); 2. LN 79.62–79.69 strength, i.e., physical muscular power (Jdg 16:5–30 passim); 3. LN 43 crops, i.e., produce that comes from the ground (Ge 4:12); 4. LN 76 might, strength, virility, i.e., one’s manhood or manly vigor (Ge 49:3); 5. LN 37.48–37.95 authority, i.e., power as relates to the status of a ruler (Ex 15:6); 6. LN 76 mighty deed, i.e., a sup.-natural act. of power as a wonder or miracle (Ex 9:16); 7. LN 74 ability, i.e., that which is a capability to do or perform (Dt 8:18); 8. LN 23.129–23.141 vigorous, i.e., in robust health (Jos 14:11); 9. LN 57.25–57.35 resources, wealth, i.e., the material goods of a person as possessions (1Ch 29:2; Job 6:22; Pr 5:10); 10. LN 33.69–33.108 shout, i.e., a loud, strong yell with the voice (Isa 40:9); 11. LN 75 qualified, i.e., one adequate for a task or function (Da 1:4); 12. LN 74 unit: מִן כֹּחַ (min kōaḥ)1 helpless, formally, without strength, i.e., not able to take an action (Jer 48:45)

3947 II. כֹּחַ (kōaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3581; TWOT 973a—LN 4.51–4.57 reptile, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: that which moves about on the ground, variously interpreted as some kind of reptile; (NIV, NKJV) monitor lizard (Lev 11:30+); (KJV, NAB) chameleon; (NASB) crocodile; (ASV, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh) land-crocodile; (NEB, REB) sand gecko; (NJB) koah (a transliteration)

כּחד (kḥd) or כחד (kḥd): see 3948

3948 כָּחַד (kā·ḥǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 3582; TWOT 972—1. LN 28.68–28.83 (nif) be hidden, i.e., pertaining to not being able to be known (2Sa 18:13; Ps 69:6[EB 5]; 139:15; Hos 5:3; Zec 11:16+); (piel) hide, conceal, keep from (Ge 47:18; Jos 7:19; 1Sa 3:17, 17, 18; 2Sa 14:18; Job 6:10; 15:18; 27:11; Ps 40:11[EB 10]; 78:4; Isa 3:9; Jer 38:14, 25; 50:22+); (hif) hide (Job 20:12+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (nif) destroyed, perish, i.e., pertaining to the ruin of an object (Ex 9:15; Job 4:7; 15:28; 22:20; Zec 11:9+); (hif) destroy, annihilate, get rid of (Ex 23:23; 1Ki 13:34; 2Ch 32:21; Ps 83:5[EB 4]; Zec 11:8+)

כּחל (kḥl) or כחל (kḥl): see 3949

3949 כָּחַל (kā·ḥǎl): v.; ≡ Str 3583; TWOT 974—LN 49 (qal) paint, i.e., apply cosmetics to the face and eyes (Eze 23:40+)

כּחשׁ (kḥš) or כחשׁ (kḥš): see 3950

3950 כָּחַשׁ (kā·ḥǎš): v.; ≡ Str 3584; TWOT 975—1. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) be thin, become lean, i.e., lose body weight as an indication of lack of health (Ps 109:24+), see also domain LN 86.1–86.3; 2. LN 17.20 (nif) cringe, cower, i.e., bow in submission, but in fear and not in respect or relationship, as an extension of lying or not being truthful in the relationship (Dt 33:29+); (piel) cringe, cower (Ps 18:45[EB 44]; 66:3; 81:16[EB 15]+); (hitp) cringe, cower (2Sa 22:45+); 3. LN 33.251–33.255 (piel) lie, deceive, i.e., to not tell the truth by speaking lies, or acting in deception (Ge 18:15; Lev 5:21[EB 6:2],22[EB 6:3]; 19:11; Jos 7:11; 24:27; 1Ki 13:18; Isa 59:13; Jer 5:12; Hos 4:2; Zec 13:4+), see also domain LN 72; 4. LN 57.37–57.48 (piel) fail, lack, i.e., not have enough of a quantity of items (Hos 9:2; Hab 3:17+); 5. LN 34.31–34.39 (piel) disown, i.e., to no longer be in association, and so be unfaithful (Job 8:18; 31:28; Pr 30:9+)

3951 כַּחַשׁ (kǎ·ḥǎš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3585; TWOT 975a—1. LN 33.251–33.255 lie, i.e., that which is a spoken untruth and so not conforming to reality (Ps 59:13[EB 12]; Hos 7:3; 12:1[EB 11:12]; Na 3:1+); 2. LN 31.8–31.13 deception, delusion, i.e., that which causes a wrong opinion about something (Hos 10:13+); 3. LN 23.142–23.184 gauntness, thinness, leanness, i.e., to be in an underweight unhealthy state (Job 16:8+), see also domain LN 86

3952 כֶּחָשׁ (kě·ḥāš): adj.; ≡ Str 3586; TWOT 975b—LN 88.152–88.159 deceitful, mendacious, i.e., pertaining to that which is untruthful, implying rebellion and obduracy (stubbornness) (Isa 30:9+)

3953 I. כִּי (kî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3587; TWOT 961a—LN 8.55 branding, i.e., a physical stigma on the skin as sign of ownership by another (Isa 3:24+), note: in Lisowsky 1 & 2 are switched; note: for different text, see BHS ftn, WBC24:44, see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

3954 II. כִּי (kî): pt. and c.; ≡ Str 3588; TWOT 976—1. LN 91.6–91.12 indeed, surely, truly, i.e., a marker of emphasis and strengthening a statement (1Sa 21:6[EB 5]); 2. LN 89.124–89.138 rather, instead, but, i.e., a marker of contrast, implying an alternative (2Ki 17:39); 3. LN 89.124–89.138 except, except for, but only, i.e., a marker of contrast designating an exception (Ge 39:6); 4. LN 89.15–89.38 because, for, for the reason of, i.e., a marker of causation between two events (Ge 3:14); 5. LN 90.21–90.28 that, i.e., a marker of the content of a discourse (Ge 1:4); 6. LN 67.17–67.64 when, i.e., a marker of a point of time which is simultaneous to or overlapping another time (Ge 4:12); 7. LN 89.65–89.70 if, i.e., a marker of a condition, real or hypothetical, often in a specific case (Ex 22:5[EB 6]), note: further study may yield more domains

3955 כִּי־אִם (kî-·ʾim): c.—see 3954 + 561

3956 כִּי עַל כֵּן (kî ʿǎl kēn): c.—see 3954 + 6584 + 4027 (Ge 18:5; 19:8; 33:10; 38:26; Nu 10:31; 14:43; Jdg 6:22; 2Sa 18:20; Jer 29:28; 38:4+)

3957 כִּיד (kîḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3589; TWOT 977a—LN 20.31–20.60 decay, ruin, i.e., a destruction which one can observe in oneself (Job 21:20+), see also domain LN 23.205; note: oth change text to 7085, see BDB 475

3958 כִּידוֹד (kî·ḏôḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3590; TWOT 953b—LN 14.63–14.73 spark, i.e., a small particle of burning material (Job 41:11[EB 19]+)

3959 כִּידוֹן (kî·ḏôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3591; TWOT 977b—LN 6.29–6.40 spear, lance, javelin, i.e., a weapon with a metal tip and wooden handle that is thrown at the enemy (Jos 8:18,26; 1Sa 17:6, 45; Job 39:23; 41:21[EB 29]; Jer 6:23; 50:42+)

3960 כִּידוֹר (kî·ḏôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3593; TWOT 954a—LN 55.2–55.6 attack, assault, i.e., the act. of fighting a battle (Job 15:24+)

3961 כִּידֹן (kî·ḏōn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3592;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kidon: site between Kiriath Jearim and Jerusalem (1Ch 13:9+), see also 5789

3962 כִּיּוּן (kiy·yûn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3594;—LN 7.63–7.76 pedestal, i.e., a stand to place an idol or crafted image on (Am 5:26+), for another interp, see 3962.5

כִּיּוּן (kiy·yûn): n.pr. [served by 3962]; ≡ Str 3594;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Kaiwan, i.e., a name of the Assyrian god Ninurta god of the planet Saturn (Am 5:26+)

3963 כִּיּוֹר (kiy·yôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3595; TWOT 967d—1. LN 6.118–6.151 basin, laver, i.e., a container for washing (Ex 30:18–30 passim; Lev 8:11; 1Ki 7:30, 38,40, 43; 2Ki 16:17; 2Ch 4:6, 14+); 2. LN 6.118–6.151 pan, pot, i.e., a container used to cook food (1Sa 2:14+); 3. LN 6.118–6.151 unit: כִּיּוֹר אֵשׁ (kiy·yôr ʾēš)1 firepot, i.e., a container with fire in it used to start fires (Zec 12:6+); 4. LN 7.63–7.76 platform, scaffold, i.e., a raised area as a stage for leading worship (2Ch 6:13+)

3964 כִּילַי (kî·lǎy): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3596; TWOT 1366b—LN 57.232–57.248 scoundrel, knave, swindler, i.e., a tricky, deceitful person who uses skills to defraud and steal (Isa 32:5, 7+)

כֵּילָף (kê·lāp̄) Holladay: see 3965

3965 כֵּילַפּוֹת (kê·lǎp·pôṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 3597; TWOT 978.1—LN 6.215–6.225 tool for grossly chopping or smashing wood: pike or crowbar as a pointed metal device to smash and pry or, a hatchet or axe with a chopping function (Ps 74:6+)

3966 כִּימָה (kî·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3598; TWOT 963a—LN 1.26–1.33 (constellation) the Pleiades, i.e., a star cluster of seven stars seen in the night sky (Job 9:9; 38:31; Am 5:8+)

3967 כִּיס (kîs): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3599; TWOT 979—1. LN 6.118–6.151 bag, pouch, i.e., a heavy duty container (possibly leather) for holding money or solid objects (Dt 25:13; Pr 16:11; Pr 23:31 K; Isa 46:6; Mic 6:11+) note: for Pr 23:31 Q, see 3926; 2. LN 57.25–57.35 purse, i.e., a sum of money or resources as the figurative extension of a bag or pouch (Pr 1:14+)

3968 כִּיר (kîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3600; TWOT 967c—LN 6.106–6.117 stove, i.e., a small portable cooking hearth holding pots and the fire under them (Lev 11:35+), note: the form suggests it holds a pair of pots, cf. 3929, note: “cooking pot” in NIV

כִּיֹּר (kiy·yōr) BDB: see 3963

כִּירַיִם (kî·rǎ·yim) BDB: see 3968

3969 כִּישׁוֹר (kî·šôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3601; TWOT 1052c—LN 6.215–6.225 distaff, i.e., a spindle or short staff to hold the material that is then spun (Pr 31:19+), note: oth give meaning as a whorl, i.e., a pulley-like device at the bottom of a distaff for turning momentum; note: in context is this parallelism synonymous (saying the same thing) or synthetic (saying a similar but added thing), likely “distaff” is the translation

3970 כָּכָה (kā·ḵā(h)): adv. demonstrative; ≡ Str 3602; TWOT 956—1. LN 89.81–89.86 this is how, in this manner, thus, i.e., pertaining to a manner in which an event takes place (Ex 12:11); 2. LN 61 so, thus, i.e., a marker of a sequence (1Ki 1:48); 3. LN 78.1–78.27 so, then, i.e., pertaining to a very great degree (2Sa 13:4); 4. LN 89.15–89.38 unit: עַל כָּכָה (ʿǎl kā·ḵā(h)) because, i.e., a marker of cause or reason (Est 9:26), note: further study may yield more domains

3971 כִּכָּר (kik·kār): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3603; TWOT 1046c—1. LN 1.39–1.45 plain, i.e., geographical area as a broad unbroken expanse of land (2Sa 18:23); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 loaf of bread (Ex 29:23; Jdg 8:5; 1Sa 2:36; 10:3; 1Ch 16:3; Pr 6:26; Jer 37:21+); 3. LN 6.118–6.151 cover, lid, i.e., a top piece to cover a certain rather large basket (Zec 5:8+); 4. LN 86.4–86.5 talent, i.e., unit of weight or value, likely a weight of about 30–35kg (66–77 lbs.), a vast amount of value in precious metal (1Ki 16:24), note: possibly a “heavy” Babylonian talent about 60kg (132 lbs.)

כֵּל (kēl) Holladay: see 3998

3972 כֹּל (kōl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3605; TWOT 985a—1. LN 59.23–59.34 all, every, any, i.e., the totality of any object, mass, collective, extension (Ge 1:26; 3:17); 2. LN 59.23–59.34 any, i.e., any one of a totality (Ge 2:16); 3. LN 78.44–78.50 completely, i.e., with a degree of totality (Ge 20:16; Job 21:23; Jer 13:7, 10); 4. LN 63.1–63.4 total, i.e., pertaining to being entire or whole, with a focus on the totality of the object or idea (Ex 29:18; Nu 5:30); 5. LN 58.21–58.30 every kind of, every sort of, i.e., a totality of kinds or sorts (Ge 7:2); 6. LN 67.78–67.141 unit: כֹּל הַ־ יוֹם (kōl hǎ- yôm)1 always, i.e., a duration of time, either continuous or points, but without limits (Dt 5:29; 1Ki 5:15[EB 1]); 7. LN 67.1–67.16 unit: כֹּל הַ־ יוֹם (kōl hǎ- yôm)1 regularly, i.e., points of time connected to regular intervals (Job 1:5); 8. LN 67.78–67.117 unit: כֹּל עוֹלָם (kōl ʿô·lām) everlasting, eternal, i.e., an unlimited duration of time (Ps 145:13)

כלא (klʾ) Lisowsky, KB: see 3973

I. כּלא (klʾ): see 3973

II. כּלא (klʾ): see 3974

3973 I. כָּלָא (kā·lā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 3607; TWOT 980—1. LN 57.37–57.48 (qal) withhold, refuse, i.e., cause someone not to own something (Ge 23:6+); 2. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) stop, contain, keep back, hinder, i.e., be in a ceasing state, activity, or event (Nu 11:28; 1Sa 6:10; 25:33; Ps 40:10[EB 9],12[EB 11]; 119:101; Ecc 8:8; Isa 43:6; Jer 32:3; Hag 1:10+), see also domain LN 68.34–68.57; (qal pass.) be confined (Ps 88:9[EB 8]; Jer 32:2+); (nif) be restrained (Ge 8:2; Ex 36:6; Eze 31:15+), see also 3984

3974 II. כָּלָא (kā·lā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 3607; TWOT 980—LN 68.22–68.33 (piel) finish, i.e., bring an event to a completion (Da 9:24+), see also 3983

3975 כֶּלֶא (kě·lě(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3608; TWOT 980a—1. LN 37.114–37.118 imprisonment, i.e., the act. of captivity by an authority (1Ki 22:27; 2Ki 17:4; 25:27, 29; 2Ch 18:26; Isa 42:7, 22; Jer 37:15, 18; 52:33+), see also 3989 or 3999 for KQ options in Jer 52:31; 2. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת (הַ־) כֶּלֶא (bǎ·yiṯ (hǎ-) kě·lě(ʾ)) prison building, formally, house of imprisonment (1Ki 22:27; 2Ki 17:4; 25:27; 2Ch 18:26; Isa 42:7, 22; Jer 37:15, 18+); 3. LN 6.152–6.187 unit: בֶּגֶד כֶּלֶא (bě·ḡěḏ kě·lě(ʾ)) prison garb, i.e., normal non-regal clothing worn in prison (2Ki 25:29; Jer 52:33+)

כֻּלָּא (kǔl·lā(ʾ)) Holladay: see 3972 + 2 (Eze 36:5)

3976 כִּלְאָב (kil·ʾāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3609;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kileab: son of David (2Sa 3:3+), see also 1975(1.)

3977 כִּלְאַיִם (kil·ʾǎ·yim): n.[masc.] dual; ≡ Str 3610; TWOT 980d—LN 63.9–63.12 two things of differing kinds (Lev 19:19; Dt 22:9+)

3978 כֶּלֶב (kě·lěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3611; TWOT 981a—1. LN 4.34 dog, i.e., a mammal of the Canus family (1Ki 14:11; Pr 26:11), note: this animal was not clean for ritual sacrifice, and never referred to as ceremonially clean for eating; 2. LN 87.58–87.75 dog, i.e., a person of low status (1Sa 17:43; 2Ki 8:13); 3. LN 88.271–88.282 male prostitute (Dt 23:19+); 4. LN 88.105–88.125 evil person, formally, a dog, i.e., a violent, evil person (Ps 22:17[EB 16]); 5. LN 88.271–88.282 unit: כֶּלֶב מוּת (kě·lěḇ mûṯ) scum, formally, dead dog, i.e., a person of very low status (1Sa 24:15[EB 14]; 2Sa 9:8; 16:9); 6. LN 37.111–37.113 unit: רֹאשׁ כֶּלֶב (rō(ʾ)š kě·lěḇ) puppet, formally, a dog’s head, i.e., a person of low status in the pay of another as a traitor (2Sa 3:8), see also domain LN 88.271–88.282

3979 כָּלֵב (kā·lēḇ): n.pr. [Holladay: and tribe]; ≡ Str 3612;—LN 93-pers. (male) Caleb: of Judah, a compatriot of Joshua, optimistic explorer of Promised Land (Nu 13:6; Nu 14:6), see also 3992, 3982; also, a part of a compound name, Caleb Ephrathah, see 3980

3980 כָּלֵב אֶפְרָתָה (kā·lēḇ ʾěp̄·rā·ṯā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3613;—LN 93-place (loc.) Caleb Ephrathah: village (1Ch 2:24+), note: the RSV, NAB, NEB, REB, NJB all translate as “Caleb went into Ephrathah,” by adding an א (ʾ) to the ב (b) making the verb בּוֹא (bô(ʾ)) “to enter,” and hence Caleb and Ephrathah are persons in context; see BHS ftn

3981 כָּלִבִּו (kā·lib·biw): n.pr. or prep. + n.masc. + suff.; ≡ Str 3612;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Calebite: pertaining to Caleb 1Sa 25:3 K, see 3982; note: by repointing to כְּלִבּוֹ (kelib·bô), read, “(mean) as in his heart,” see 3869 + 4213 + 2257

3982 כָּלִבִּי (kā·lib·bî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3614;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Calebite: pertaining to Caleb (1Sa 25:3+), see also 3979, 3992

כלה (klh) Lisowsky: see 3983,

כלה (klh)[1] KB: see 3983

כלה (klh)[2] KB: see 3984

3983 I. כָּלָה (kā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3615; TWOT 982, 983, 984—1. LN 68.22–68.33 (qal) finish, complete, i.e., come to the end of an event (Ge 41:53); (piel) finish, complete (Ge 2:2); (pual) be completed, be concluded (Ge 2:1; Ps 72:20+); 2. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) be gone, used up, vanish, i.e., to no longer exist (Ge 21:15); (piel) be all gone, spend (Ge 43:2; Dt 32:23); 3. LN 74 (qal) wear out, fail, i.e., no longer be in an able or capable condition (Dt 28:32); (piel) grow weary (Job 31:16); 4. LN 25.68–25.79 (qal) be determined, decide, intend, i.e., have a feeling of focus and eagerness to accomplish a task (1Sa 20:7; Est 7:7); (piel) be bent on (Pr 16:30); 5. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) perish, i.e., be in a state of ruin or destruction, with a focus on a lack of state of existence (Job 4:9; Pr 22:8); (piel) destroy, end, wipe out, ravage, eliminate, consume (2Sa 21:5); 6. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) fulfill, hanging over, i.e., to make an event happen (2Ch 36:22); 7. LN 25.12–25.32 (qal) yearn, long for, i.e., have a very strong desire for an object (2Sa 13:39; Job 19:27); 8. LN 59.35–59.43 (piel) be full, i.e., have a quantity of space completely occupied (2Ch 24:10), note: Da 9:24, see also 3974

3984 II. כָּלָה (kā·lā(h)): v.—see 3973 (qal impf.) (Ge 23:6; 1Sa 25:33+)

3985 כָּלֶה (kā·lě(h)): adj. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 3983]; ≡ Str 3616; TWOT 982b—LN 23.78–23.87 wear out, fail, i.e., pertaining failure of sight from over use, implying a great longing or anxiety (Dt 28:32+)

3986 III. כָּלָה (kā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3617; TWOT 982a—LN 20.31–20.60 complete destruction (Ge 18:21; Ex 11:1; 2Ch 12:12; Ne 9:31; Isa 10:23; 28:22; Jer 4:27; 5:10, 18; 30:11; 46:28; Eze 11:13; 13:13; 20:17; Da 9:27; 11:16; Na 1:8, 9; Zep 1:18+), note: some parse Ge 18:21 as adv., see also domain LN 78.40–78.43

3987 כַּלָּה (kǎl·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3618; TWOT 986a—1. LN 10.57 bride, i.e., a woman in the very initial stage of marriage to a man, or possibly just prior to marriage (SS 4:8, 9, 10, 11, 12; 5:1; Isa 49:18; 61:10; 62:5; Jer 2:32; 7:34; 16:9; 25:10; 33:11; Joel 2:16+), see also 3994; 2. LN 10.60 daughter-in-law, i.e., a father’s son’sing. wife by marriage (Ge 11:31; 38:11, 16, 24; Lev 18:15; 20:12; Ru 1:6, 7, 8, 22; 2:20, 22; 4:15; 1Sa 4:19; 1Ch 2:4; Eze 22:11; Hos 4:13, 14; Mic 7:6+)

3988 כְּלֻהִי (kelǔ·hî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3622;—LN 93-pers. (male) (most versions) Keluhi: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:35 K+), note: for Q, 3993, see BHS ftn

3989 כְּלוּא (kelû(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3628; TWOT 980b—1. LN 37.114–37.118 imprisonment, i.e., the act. of captivity by an authority (Jer 37:4 Q; 52:31 Q+), note: for K 3999, note: see also 3975; 2. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ כְּלוּא (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- kelû(ʾ)) prison building, formally, house of imprisonment (Jer 37:4 Q; 52:31 Q+)

3990 I. כְּלוּב (kelûḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3619; TWOT 981b—LN 6.118–6.151 basket, i.e., a receptacle for holding fruit or captive birds (Am 8:1, 2; Jer 5:27+), note: some suggest the bird basket is a kind of “cage,” which might envision a different design for the container

3991 II. כְּלוּב (kelûḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3620;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kelub: 1. of Judah (1Ch 4:11+) 2. father of an officer of David (1Ch 27:26+)

3992 כְּלוּבָי (kelû·ḇāy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3621;—LN 93-pers. (male) Caleb: of Judah, a compatriot of Joshua, optimistic explorer of Promised Land (1Ch 2:9+), see also 3979

3993 כְּלוּהוּ (kelû·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3622;—LN 93-pers. (male) Keluhu: (Chelluh KJV, Cheluh, NKJV; Cheluhu Tanakh) divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:35 Q+), note: for K, see 3988

כְּלוּלָה (kelû·lā(h)) BDB: see 3994

כְּלוּלוֹת (kelû·lôṯ) Lisowsky: see 3994

3994 כְּלוּלֹת (kelû·lōṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3623; TWOT 986b—LN 34.66–34.78 state of betrothal, i.e., in the very beginning stage of being in the state of binding marriage contract, similar to engagement, but more binding (Jer 2:2+), see also 3987, note: some give the meaning a “time” of betrothal

כָּלַח (kā·lǎḥ) BDB: see 3996

3995 I. כֶּלַח (kě·lǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3624; TWOT 984a—1. LN 67.1–67.16 maturity, i.e., a right time or proper time as a figurative of extension of the harvest time (Job 5:26+); 2. LN 76 full vigor, strength, i.e., physical strength (Job 30:2+), see also domain LN 23.129–23.141

3996 II. כֶּלַח (kě·lǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3625;—LN 93-place (loc.) Calah: city of Mesopotamia (Ge 10:11, 12+)

3997 כָּל־חֹזֶה (kāl-·ḥō·zě(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3626;—LN 93-pers. (male) Col-Hozeh: of Judah, father of wall repairer (Ne 3:15; 11:5+)

3998 כְּלִי (kelî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3627; TWOT 982g—1. LN 6.1–6.3 object, vessel, utensil, i.e., a thing or article of many general shapes or sizes and materials (Ex 27:19; Lev 15:6), note: context may provide a more specific meaning of what the “thing” is.; 2. LN 6.118–6.151 pot, i.e., a vessel that is a container (Lev 14:5; Nu 4:9); 3. LN 6.29–6.40 weapon, i.e., an implement of violence and war (Ge 27:3); 4. LN 57.1–57.21 possessions, supplies, i.e., goods that are the valuables owned by someone (Ge 45:20); 5. LN 6.4–6.9 yoke, i.e., a farming implement made of wood (2Sa 24:22); 6. LN 6.188–6.196 jewelry, i.e., objects of adornment (Ex 35:22); 7. LN 6.118–6.151 basket, i.e., a woven container (Dt 23:25[EB 24]); 8. LN 6.41–6.51 boat, i.e., a water vessel (Isa 18:2); 9. LN 57.25–57.35 unit: כְּלִי חֶמְדָּה (kelî ḥěm·dā(h)) treasure, formally, vessels of valuables (Hos 13:15); 10. LN 6.118–6.151 unit: כְּלִי מַשְׁקֶה (kelî mǎš·qě(h))1 goblet, formally, vessel of drinking, i.e., ornate drinking cup (2Ch 9:20); 11. LN 6.83–6.95 unit: כְּלִי שִׁיר (kelî šîr)2 musical instrument, formally, vessel of song, i.e., an instrument to musically accompany singing (1Ch 15:16); 12. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת כְּלִי (bǎ·yiṯ kelî) armory, formally, house of vessels, i.e., the building where weapons are stored (2Ki 20:13); 13. LN 6.152–6.187 unit: כְּלִי גֶּבֶר (kelî gě·ḇěr)1 male clothing, formally, vessels of a man, i.e., the garments that are the social markers for a man (Dt 22:5); 14. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: נָשָׂא כְּלִי (nā·śā(ʾ) kelî) armor-bearer, formally, lifter of vessels, i.e., one who carries the armor of a warrior (Jdg 9:54)

כֵּלַי (kē·lǎy) BDB, Holladay: see 3964 (Isa 32:7+)

3999 כְּלִיא (kelî(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3628; TWOT 980b—1. LN 37.114–37.118 imprisonment, i.e., the act. of captivity by an authority (Jer 37:4 K; 52:31 K+), note: for Q see 3989; note: see also 3975; 2. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ כְּלִיא (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- kelî(ʾ)) prison building, formally, house of imprisonment (Jer 37:4 K; 52:31 K+)

4000 כִּלְיָה (kil·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3629; TWOT 983a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 kidney, i.e., an organ of the body (Ex 29:13; Lev 3:4–9:19 passim; Job 16:13; Isa 34:6); 2. LN 3.33–3.46 kernel, i.e., a grain of wheat (Dt 32:14+); 3. LN 26 inmost being, i.e., heart, mind, spirit of a man as a core of the inner person (Job 19:27; Ps 7:10[EB 9]; 16:7; 26:2; 73:21; 139:13; Pr 23:16; Jer 11:20; 12:2; 17:10; 20:12; La 3:13+)

4001 כִּלָּיוֹן (kil·lāy·wōn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3631; TWOT 982c—1. LN 20.31–20.60 annihilation, obliteration, i.e., complete destruction (Isa 10:22+); 2. LN 23.78–23.87 failure, weariness, i.e., the physical failure of sight, implying over use from an intense desire (Dt 28:65+)

4002 כִּלְיוֹן (kil·yôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3630;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kilion: son of Elimelech-Naomi, brother-in-law to Ruth (Ru 1:2, 5; 4:9+)

4003 כָּלִיל (kā·lîl): adj. [see also 4003.5, 4003.6]; ≡ Str 3632; TWOT 985b—LN 78.44–78.50 perfect, complete, i.e., pertaining to a complete degree of an attribute of beauty (La 2:15; Eze 16:14; 27:3; 28:12+)

כָּלִיל (kā·lîl): adv. [served by 4003]; ≡ Str 3632; TWOT 985b—LN 78.44–78.50 totally, i.e., pertaining to a complete degree of totality (Isa 2:18+)

כָּלִיל (kā·lîl): n.[masc.] [served by 4003]; ≡ Str 3632; TWOT 985b—1. LN 53.16–53.27 whole burnt offering, holocaust, i.e., a sacrifice consumed in its entirety by fire (Lev 6:15[EB 22],16[EB 23]; Dt 13:17[EB 16]; 33:10; 1Sa 7:9; Ps 51:21[EB 19]+); 2. LN 59.23–59.34 wholeness, entireness, i.e., a quantity of a totality of an object, mass, collective (Ex 28:31; 39:22; Nu 4:6; Jdg 20:40+)

4004 כַּלְכֹּל (kǎl·kōl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3633;—LN 93-pers. (male) Calcol: wise men (1Ki 5:11[EB 4:31]; 1Ch 2:6+)

כִּלְכֵּל (kil·kēl) BDB: see 3920

כּלל (kll) or כלל (kll): see 4005

4005 כָּלַל (kā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 3634; TWOT 985, 986—LN 68.22–68.33 (qal pf.) bring to perfection, make complete, i.e., have a great success at something (Eze 27:4, 11+)

4006 כְּלָל (kelāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3636;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kelal: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:30+)

כּלם (klm) or כלם (klm): see 4007

4007 כָּלַם (kā·lǎm): v.; ≡ Str 3637; TWOT 987—1. LN 87.58–87.75 (nif) disgraced, be humiliated, put to shame, i.e., be of low status and little honor or respect, so have words or actions of shame thrust upon one (2Sa 10:5), see also domain LN 33.406–33.411; (hif) disgrace, humble, bring to shame, embarrass, mistreat (Ru 2:15); (hof) be mistreated (1Sa 25:15+); 2. LN 57.37–57.48 (hif) lack, deprive, formally disgrace, i.e., not have essential things necessary for normal or prosperous life, as an extension of being in a disgraceful condition of low status (Jdg 18:7); 3. LN 25.288–25.296 (hof) be despairing, i.e., be in an attitude with a lack of hope (Jer 14:3+)

4008 כִּלְמַד (kil·mǎḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3638;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kilmad: place that traded with Tyre (Eze 27:23+)

4009 כְּלִמָּה (kelim·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3639; TWOT 987a—1. LN 87.58–87.75 disgrace, shame, humiliation, i.e., of low status (Ps 109:29); 2. LN 33.406–33.411 mock, scorn, i.e., speak words to shame or disgrace another (Isa 50:6); 3. LN 25.189–25.202 shame, i.e., a painful mental feeling, based in wrong action or thought (Ps 44:16[EB 15]); 4. LN 88.256–88.261 shameful behavior, i.e., actions which are a moral disgrace and impurity (Isa 61:7)

4010 כְּלִמּוּת (kelim·mûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3640; TWOT 987b—LN 87.58–87.75 shame, disgrace, i.e., humiliation and low status (Jer 23:40+)

כַּלְנֶה (kǎl·ně(h)) BDB: see 4011(LN 2.)

4011 כַּלְנֵה (kǎl·nē(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3641;—LN 93-place (loc.) Calneh: 1. city in Mesopotamia (Ge 10:10+; cf. also 4034) 2. Syrian city (Am 6:2+), see also 4012

4012 כַּלְנוֹ (kǎl·nô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3641;—LN 93-place (loc.) Calno: Syrian city (Isa 10:9+), see also 4011

כְּלִתִ ־נִי (keli·ṯi nî): qal pf. 2fs + 1cs.suff.—see 3973, 3984 (1Sa 25:33+)

4013 ־כֶם (ḵěm): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.pers.2mp.)—LN 92.6–92.10 you, your, i.e., a reference to a receptor of a message (Ge 1:29)

כּמהּ (kmh) or כמהּ (kmh): see 4014

4014 כָּמַהּ (kā·mǎh): v.; ≡ Str 3642; TWOT 988—LN 25.12–25.32 (qal pf.) long for, yearn for, i.e., desire greatly, implying a desire so great as to cause a physical weakness (Ps 63:2[EB 1]+)

4015 כַּמָּה (kǎm·mā(h)): adv. usually interrogative—see 3869 + 4537 (Ge 47:8; 2Sa 19:35[EB 34]; 1Ki 22:16; 2Ch 18:15; Job 7:19; 13:23; 21:17; Ps 35:17; 78:40; 119:84; Zec 7:3+), note: indefinite Zec 2:6

כַּמֶּה (kǎm·mě(h)): see 4015 1Ki 22:16; 2Ch 18:15; Zec 7:3+

4016 כִּמְהָם (kim·hām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3643;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kimham: Gileadite who went with King David on David’s return after the rebellion of Absalom (2Sa 19:38[EB 37],39[EB 38]+), note: for BHS text in 2Sa 19:41, see 4016.5; also part of a compound name, Geruth Kimham, see 1745

כִּמְהָן (kim·hān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3643;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kimhan: Gileadite who went with King David on David’s return after the rebellion of Absalom (2Sa 19:41[EB 40]+) note: for NIV text, see 4016

4017 כְּמוֹ (kemô): adv.; ≡ Str 3644; TWOT 938—1. LN 67.17–67.64 when, i.e., a point in time simultaneous or overlapping another point in time (Ge 19:15+); 2. LN 64 like, as, just as, same as, i.e., a marker of comparison and similarity (Ex 15:10); 3. LN 89.139–89.140 unit: כְּמוֹ (kemô) … כְּמוֹ (kemô) either … or, whether … or, a marker of double alternative relation (Ps 58:10[EB 9]+); 4. LN 64 unit: כְּמוֹ (kemô) … כְּמוֹ (kemô) as … so also, i.e., a marker of comparison and similarity of two specified objects (1Ki 22:4)

כְּמוֹ (kemô): c.—see 4017

4018 כִּמְוהָם (kimw·hām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3643;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kimoham: 1. part of a compound name (Jer 41:17 K+), see Q 4016 2., 1745, see BHS ftn

4019 כְּמוֹשׁ (kemôš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3645; TWOT 989—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Chemosh: champion god of Moab (Nu 21:29; Jdg 11:24; 1Ki 11:7, 33; 2Ki 23:13; Jer 48:7,13, 46+)

4020 כְּמִישׁ (kemîš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3645;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Chemish: champion god of Moab (Jer 48:7 K+), note: for Q, see 4019; see also BHS ftn

4021 כַּמֹּן (kǎm·mōn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3646; TWOT 991, 991b—1. LN 3.33–3.46 cummin seed, i.e., a flavorful seed of the cumin plant (Isa 28:25+); 2. LN 3.13–3.32 cummin plant stalks, i.e., an herb plant used as a condiment, of the carrot family, Cuminum cyminum (Isa 28:27+)

כּמס (kms) or כמס (kms): see 4022

4022 כָּמַס (kā·mǎs): v.; ≡ Str 3647; TWOT 992—LN 29.1–29.5 (qal pass.) be remembered, store information, i.e., to not forget an action as a figurative extension of being stored or kept in reserve, implying action at a future time (Dt 32:34+)

כּמר (kmr) or כמר (kmr): see 4023

4023 כָּמַר (kā·mǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3648; TWOT 993, 994, 995—1. LN 25.1–25.11 (nif) be aroused, i.e., to feel a desire (Hos 11:8+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 (nif) be hot, have a fever, i.e., have a raised temperature on the skin as a sign of ill health (La 5:10+), see also domain LN 79.70–79.77; 3. LN 25.33–25.58 unit: כָּמַר רַחֲמִים (kā·mǎr rǎ·ḥǎmîm) be very moved emotionally, formally, be hot of compassion, i.e., to feel love and affection very deeply (Ge 43:30; 1Ki 3:26+)

4024 כֹּמֶר (kō·měr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3649; TWOT 996—LN 53.66–53.95 priest, i.e., one who serves and acts as mediator between a god and its people (2Ki 23:5; Hos 10:5; Zep 1:4+), note: always in reference to service of a pagan god, possibly because of the manic rituals pagan priests were known to perform

4025 כַּמְרִיר (kǎm·rîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3650; TWOT 994a—LN 14.53–14.62 blackness, i.e., the absence of light, implying a feeling of deep gloom (Job 3:5+), note: some parse the ךַּ (kǎ) a separate preposition 3869 + 5321.5

כִּמְרִיר (kim·rîr): see 4025

4026 I. כֵּן (kēn): adj.; ≡ Str 3651; TWOT 964a, 964b—1. LN 88.39–88.45 honest, i.e., pertaining to telling the truth, and so telling what is right and correct (Ge 42:11), see also domain LN 70, LN 72; 2. LN 66 right, correct, i.e., pertaining to that which is proper in a circumstance (Jdg 12:6); 3. LN 88.12–88.23 right, just, i.e., pertaining to being in a right relationship or standing (2Sa 23:5), note: there is overlap in parsings of 4027-4031 in some contexts

4027 II. כֵּן (kēn): adv.; ≡ Str 3651; TWOT 964a—1. LN 61 so, thus, i.e., pertaining to a sequence of events, referencing to that which precedes (Ge 1:7); 2. LN 64 likewise, just as also, so, i.e., a marker of comparison and similarity (Ex 7:11); 3. LN 89.15–89.38 therefore, i.e., a marker of cause or reason for a statement or assertion (Ge 32:33[EB 32]); 4. LN 78.1–78.27 so much, how, i.e., a marker of a high degree of objects or events (1Ki 10:12); 5. LN 67.17–67.64 then, later, afterwards, i.e., a marker of a point of time following another point of time (Ps 61:9[EB 8]), note: further study may yield more domains; note: for another interp 1Ki 7:29, see 4029 or 4030

4028 III. כֵּן (kēn): pt.; ≡ Str 3651; TWOT 964a—LN 92.27–92.28 which, i.e., a marker of a relative reference to an entity, event, or state (1Ki 12:32; Ecc 8:10), see 4027

4029 IV. כֵּן (kēn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3653; TWOT 998a—1. LN 6.106–6.117 basin stand, i.e., a framework to hold washing laver-bowls as a piece of furniture (Ex 30:18, 28; 31:9; 35:16; 38:8; 39:39; 40:11; Lev 8:11+), note: for another interp 1Ki 7:29, see 4027, note: Lisowsky combines כֵּן (kēn) 4 & 5; 2. LN 6.106–6.117 unit: מַעֲשֶׂה כֵּן (mǎ·ʿǎśě(h) kēn)4 basework, formally, work of a stand, i.e., a bottom framework of a larger cart (1Ki 7:31+); 3. LN 6.41–6.51 unit: כֵּן תֹּרֶן (kēn tō·rěn) boat mast, formally, base of a pole (Isa 33:23+)

4030 V. כֵּן (kēn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3653; TWOT 998a—1. LN 37.48–37.95 office, position of authority (Ge 40:13; 41:13+); place, note: in 1Ki 7:29 some interp as 4027; 2. LN 61 substitution, succession, i.e., the act. of taking the place of another in a sequence (Da 11:7+); 3. LN 89.124–89.138 unit: עַל כֵּן (ʿǎl kēn)5 instead of, i.e., a marker of contrast (Da 11:38+); 4. LN 61 unit: עָמַד עַל כֵּן (ʿā·mǎḏ ʿǎl kēn)5 successor, formally, one who stands in place of another in a sequence (Da 11:20, 21+)

4031 VI. כֵּן (kēn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3654; TWOT 999a—LN 4.47–4.50 annoying insect: variously identified; (NIV, NASB, RSV, NRSV) gnats; (Ex 8:12[EB 16],13[EB 17],14[EB 18]; Ps 105:31; Isa 51:6+); (KJV, NKJV, ASV) lice; (NAB) flies; (NEB, REB) maggots; (NJB) mosquitos; (Tanakh) swarms of insects, see also 4038; note: for a fuller discussion, see WBC3:109

4032 ־כֶן (ḵěn): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.pers. 2fp) [see also 4032.5]—LN 92.6–92.10 you, your, i.e., a reference to a receptor of a message (Ge 31:5, 6, 7; Ex 1:16; 2Sa 1:24; Isa 23:14; Eze 13:21, 21, 23; 16:45, 45, 55; 23:49, 49; Am 4:2+)

־כֶנָה (ḵě·nā(h)): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.pers. 2fp) [served by 4032]—LN 92.6–92.10 you, your, i.e., a reference to a receptor of a message (Eze 13:18, 20; 23:48, 49+)

כּנה (knh) or כנה (knh): see 4033

4033 כָּנָה (kā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3655; TWOT 997—1. LN 33.126–33.133 (piel) bestow a title or name of honor (Isa 44:5; 45:4+); 2. LN 33.365–33.367 (piel) flatter, i.e., to speak false or exaggerated praise or honor (Job 32:21, 22+)

כַּנֶּה (kǎn·ně(h)): see 4034

4034 כַּנֵּה (kǎn·nē(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3656;—LN 93-place (loc.) Canneh: city in Mesopotamia (Eze 27:23+), cf. also 4011(1.)

4035 כַּנָּה (kǎn·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3657; TWOT 999b—LN 3.47–3.59 root-stock, i.e., what has been planted as nursery stock (Ps 80:16[EB 15]+), note: oth translate as a “shoot, branch,” i.e., a slip of nursery stock to be planted; some parse as from 3922, still others as qal imv. of 4038.5

4036 כִּנּוֹר (kin·nôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3658; TWOT 1004a—LN 6.83–6.95 stringed instrument: translated as; harp, lyre, lute, zither (or cither), kithara (or cithara), i.e., a musical instrument with a strong frame to place tension on strings as a tone, then plucked to make music, though some could be quite large, generally of a portable size (1Sa 10:5)

כְּנָוֹת (kenā·wōṯ): see 4056 (Ezr 4:7+)

4037 כָּנְיָהוּ (kān·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3659;—LN 93-pers. (male) Coniahu (Jehoiachin NIV): king of Judah (Jer 22:24, 28; 37:1+), see also 3382

כַּנְּלֹתְךָ (kǎn·nelō·ṯeḵā) Holladay: see 3869 + 5801 (Isa 33:1)

4038 כִּנָּם (kin·nām): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3654; TWOT 999a—LN 4.47–4.50 annoying insect: variously identified; (NIV, NASB, RSV, NRSV) gnats (Ex 8:13[EB 17],14[EB 18]+); (KJV, NKJV, ASV) lice; (NAB) flies; (NEB, REB) maggots; (NJB) mosquitos; (Tanakh) swarms of insects; see also 4031; note: for a fuller discussion, see WBC3:109

כִּנִּם (kin·nim) BDB: see 4031 (Ex 8:12+)

כָּנַן (kā·nǎn) Lisowsky: v. [served by 4035]; ≡ Str 3654; TWOT 999a—LN 79.114–79.117 (qal imv.) cover, i.e., place dirt over what is planted (Ps 80:16[EB 15]+), for another interp, see 4035

4039 כְּנָנִי (kenā·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3662;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kenani: Levite in the time of Ezra (Ne 9:4+)

4040 כְּנַנְיָה (kenǎn·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3663;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kenaniah: choir director in the time of David (1Ch 15:27+), see also 4041(1.)

4041 כְּנַנְיָהוּ (kenǎn·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3663;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kenaniahu (Kenaniah NIV): 1. choir director in the time of David (1Ch 15:22+), see also 4040 2. official and judge in the days of David (1Ch 26:29+)

4042 כָּנַנְיָהוּ (kā·nǎn·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3663;—LN 93-pers. (male) Conaniahu (Conaniah NIV): 1. Levite, officer of contributions (2Ch 31:12 Q,13 Q+) 2. Levite, officer of distribution (2Ch 35:9 Q+), note: for K, see 3925

כֳּנַנְיָהוּ (kǒnǎn·yā·hû) BDB: see 4042

כּנס (kns) or כנס (kns): see 4043

4043 כָּנַס (kā·nǎs): v.; ≡ Str 3664; TWOT 1000—1. LN 15.123–15.134 (qal) assemble, gather, store up, i.e., cause the collection of objects, persons, or mass to a single place (1Ch 22:2; Ne 12:44; Est 4:16; Ps 33:7; Ecc 2:8, 26; 3:5+); (piel) (Ps 147:2; Eze 22:21; 39:28+); 2. LN 49 (hitp) wrap around, i.e., a non-linear motion of encircling a cover around a subject (Isa 28:20+), see also domain LN 16

כּנע (knʿ) or כנע (knʿ): see 4044

4044 כָּנַע (kā·nǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 3665; TWOT 1001—1. LN 88.51–88.58 (nif) humble oneself, i.e., have an attitude of a proper low status in relationship to an authority, and so not being wrongly proud or pretentious (1Ki 21:29; 2Ki 22:19; 2Ch 7:14; 12:6, 7,12; 30:11; 32:26; 33:12, 19, 23; 34:27; 36:12+), note: this action is related to repentance and a right relationship to God; (hif) cause humility (2Ch 28:19; Job 40:12+); 2. LN 39.52–39.61 (nif) humbled, subdued, be subjected, i.e., be in a state of being conquered either emotionally or physically (Lev 26:41; Jdg 3:30; 8:28; 11:33; 1Sa 7:13; 1Ch 20:4; 2Ch 13:18; Ps 106:42+); (hif) subdue, subject (Dt 9:3; Jdg 4:23; 2Sa 8:1; 1Ch 17:10; 18:1; Ne 9:24; Ps 81:15[EB 14]; 107:12+); 3. LN 33.117–33.125 (hif) cause silence, formally, subdue, i.e., stop noise of a collection or mass of noise-making objects, as an extension of subduing or conquering an object (Isa 25:5+)

4045 כִּנְעָה (kin·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3666; TWOT 1001a—LN 18.12–18.23 bundle of belongings, hand-luggage, i.e., a pack of essential possessions for emergency travel, as that which is gathered and tied up (Jer 10:17+)

כְּנָעָה (kenā·ʿā(h)) Lisowsky: see 4045

4046 I. כְּנַעַן (kenǎ·ʿǎn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3667; TWOT 1002—LN 93-pers. Canaan: 1. (male) of Noah, through Ham (Ge 9:18) 2. (gent.) Canaanite: pertaining to Canaan (Ge 28:1), note: some interp Hos 12:8[EB 7] as 4047 3. see also 4050, 4046.5

כְּנַעַן (kenǎ·ʿǎn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3667; TWOT 1002—LN 93-place (terr) Canaan: an area roughly from (S to N) Kadesh Barnea to Lebo Hamath and (W to E) the Great Sea to the Salt Sea, in the North, slightly further E, (Ge 11:31) see also 4046

4047 II. כְּנַעַן (kenǎ·ʿǎn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3667; TWOT 1002—LN 57.189–57.208 trader, merchant, i.e., one who buys and sells or barters goods (Eze 16:29; 17:4; Hos 12:8[EB 7]; Zep 1:11+), note: some interp Hos 12:8[EB 7] as 4046

4048 כִּנְעָן (kin·ʿān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3669; TWOT 1002a, 1002b—LN 57.189–57.208 trader, merchant, i.e., one who buys and sells or barters goods (Isa 23:8+), note: Lisowsky parses as 4051

4049 כְּנַעֲנָה (kenǎ·ʿǎnā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3668;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kenaanah: 1. of Benjamin (1Ch 7:10+) 2. father of the false prophet Zedekiah (1Ki 22:11, 24; 2Ch 18:10, 23+)

4050 I. כְּנַעֲנִי (kenǎ·ʿǎnî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3669; TWOT 1002a—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Canaanite: pertaining to Canaan (Ex 3:8), see also 4046, 4046.5; note: in Zec 14:21 some translate as 4051

4051 II. כְּנַעֲנִי (kenǎ·ʿǎnî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3669; TWOT 1002a—LN 57.189–57.208 trader, merchant, i.e., one who buys and sells or barters goods (Job 40:30[EB 41:6]; Pr 31:24; Isa 23:8; Zec 14:21), note: some verses may mean 4048 or 4050

כּנף (knp) or כנף (knp): see 4052

4052 כָּנַף (kā·nǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 3670; TWOT 1003—LN 28.68–28.83 (nif impf.) be hidden, secret, not able to be known (Isa 30:20+)

4053 כָּנָף (kā·nāp̄): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3671; TWOT 1003a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 wing, i.e., that part of the structure of a creature that flies (Lev 1:17; Ex 37:9; Dt 4:17; Isa 18:1), note: this includes birds, insects, and supernatural beings; 2. LN 6.152–6.187 hem, corner, i.e., the end piece or border of a garment (1Sa 15:17; Hag 2:12); 3. LN 7.26–7.53 wing, i.e., a part or section of a building (Da 9:27); 4. LN 11.90–11.95 unit: כָּנָף הַ־ אֶרֶץ (kā·nāp̄ hǎ- ʾě·rěṣ) very distant place, formally, ends of the earth, i.e., a very distant place, with a strong implication of peoples both physically and culturally distant (Job 37:3; Isa 11:2; 24:16); 5. LN 80.5–80.7 unit: כָּנָף הַ־ אֶרֶץ (kā·nāp̄ hǎ- ʾě·rěṣ) border, formally, ends of the land, i.e., the extreme limits of a space (Eze 7:2)

כִּנֲרוֹת (ki·nǎrôṯ) BDB: see 4054, 4055

4054 כִּנְרוֹת (kin·rôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3672;—LN 93-place (loc.) (most versions) Chinneroth: 1. large inland lake, known as Sea of Galilee (Jos 12:3+), see 4055(1.), DBLGrk 1133 2. see also 4055(2.) 3. plain of Gennesaret around the Lake Galilee (1Ki 15:20+), note: some versions either harmonize or change text; Chinnereth (Tanakh, NAB Jos 12:3, see BHS ftn), Kinnereth (NIV, NEB, REB); 1Ki 15:20 (Chinnereth NAB), Kinnereth (NIV, NEB, REB); see 4055

4055 כִּנֶּרֶת (kin·ně·rěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3672; TWOT 1004b—LN 93-place (loc.) Kinnereth: 1. large inland lake, known as Sea of Galilee (Nu 34:11; Dt 3:17; Jos 13:27+), see also 4054(1.), DBLGrk 1133 2. fortified town of Naphtali NW of Lake Galilee (Jos 19:35+)

4056 כְּנָת (kenāṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3674; TWOT 1005—LN 34.1–34.21 associate, companion, i.e., colleagues in close association (Ezr 4:7+), note: functions as masc.

כֵּס (kēs): see 4058 (Ex 17:16+)

4057 כֶּסֶא (kě·sě(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3677; TWOT 1006—1. LN 1.26–1.33 full moon, i.e., a heavenly body that gives light at night (Pr 7:20+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 67.163–67.200 first of the month, formally, full moon, i.e., the appearance of a phase of the moon as a full orb, as a definite point in time to mark a new month (Pr 7:20+), see also 4060, note: for MT text in Job 26:9, see 4061

4058 כִּסֵּא (kis·sē(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3676, 3678; TWOT 1007—1. LN 6.106–6.117 throne, i.e., an ornate chair, a piece of furniture in which the ruler sat (1Ki 10:18), see also 4061; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 rule, formally, throne, i.e., the authority and rulership of a leader over a people as a figurative extension of a throne as a piece of furniture (Dt 17:18; Ne 3:7), see also domain LN 37.35–37.47; 3. LN 6.106–6.117 chair, i.e., a common piece of furniture to sit in (1Sa 1:9; 4:13, 18; 2Ki 4:10); 4. LN 87.19–87.57 place of honor, i.e., a place in a social arrangement marking a relative high status (2Ki 25:28), see also domain LN 17.23–17.25; 5. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: אֵילָם כִּסֵּא (ʾê·lām kis·sē(ʾ)) throne hall, i.e., a building in the palace complex (1Ki 7:7)

כּסה (ksh) or כסה (ksh): see 4059

4059 כָּסָה (kā·sā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3680; TWOT 1008—1. LN 28.68–28.83 (qal) keeps hidden, keep to oneself, not respond with knowledge, i.e., keep information from others, though known and understood by oneself (Pr 12:16, 23+); (piel) hide from (Ge 18:17); 2. LN 40.8–40.13 (qal pass.) be covered, be forgiven, i.e., remove guilt of a wrongdoing, as an extension of hiding or covering an object (Ps 32:1+); (piel) forgive, cover over (Ne 3:37); 3. LN 79.114–79.117 (nif) be covered, i.e., place one object (often the top object covering a relatively large area) over another so the lower object cannot be seen or attacked (Jer 51:42; Eze 24:8+); (piel) cover (Ex 10:5); (pual) be covered, shrouded (Ge 7:19, 20; Ps 80:11[EB 10]; Pr 24:31; Ecc 6:4; Eze 41:16+); (hitp) concealed (Pr 26:26+); 4. LN 49 (pual) be clothed, i.e., wear clothing as an extension of covering an object with another object (1Ch 21:16+); (piel) clothe (Dt 22:12); (hitp) cover oneself, put on clothing (Ge 24:65; 1Ki 11:29; 2Ki 19:1, 2; Isa 37:1, 2; 59:6; Jnh 3:8+); 5. LN 79.9–79.17 (piel) decorate, i.e., make an object beautiful by covering with an adorning object (1Ki 7:18); 6. LN 25.223–25.250 (piel) overwhelm, formally, cover, i.e., have feelings or attitude of worry and concern as an extension of being completely covered over by an oppressive object (Ps 55:6[EB 5])

כֶּסֶה (kě·sě(h)) BDB: see 4060

4060 כֵּסֶה (kē·sě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3677; TWOT 1006—1. LN 1.26–1.33 full moon, i.e., a heavenly body that gives light at night (Ps 81:4[EB 3]+), see also 4057; note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 67.163–67.200 first of the month, formally, full moon, i.e., the appearance of a phase of the moon as a full orb, as a definite point in time to mark a new month (Ps 81:4[EB 3]+)

4061 כִּסֵּה (kis·sē(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3678; TWOT 1007—LN 6.106–6.117 throne, i.e., an ornate chair, a piece of furniture in which the ruler sat (1Ki 10:19+), note: NIV text in Job 26:9, see also 4058

כַּסּוּחָה (kǎs·sû·ḥā(h)) Lisowsky: prep. + n.fem.—see 3869 + 2021 + 6054 (Isa 5:25+)

4062 כָּסוּי (kā·sûy): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3681; TWOT 1008a—LN 6.152–6.187 covering, wrapper, i.e., a kind of blanket which is used to protect a valuable by covering (Nu 4:6, 14+), note: in context a leather covering

4063 כְּסוּלוֹת (kesû·lôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3694;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kesulloth: border town between Zebulun-Issachar, (Jos 19:18+), see also 4079

4064 כְּסוּת (kesûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3682; TWOT 1008b—1. LN 6.152–6.187 garment, clothing, cloak, i.e., that cloth which does not make a body naked (Ex 21:10; 22:26[EB 27]; Dt 22:12; Job 24:7; 31:19; Isa 50:3+); 2. LN 87.58–87.75 unit: אַיִן כְּסוּת (ʾǎ·yin kesûṯ) uncovered, formally, no covering, i.e., having little or low status relative to a greater ruler, as a figurative extension of being naked (Job 26:6+); 3. LN 40.1–40.7 unit: כְּסוּת עַיִן (kesûṯ ʿǎ·yin)1 covering of an offence, formally, covering of the eyes, i.e., the causing of forgiveness or reconciliation through paying a tribute (Ge 20:16+)

כּסח (ksḥ) or כסח (ksḥ): see 4065

4065 כָּסַח (kā·sǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 3683; TWOT 1010—LN 19.14–19.26 (qal pass.) be cut down, i.e., pertaining to the cutting down or off of vines or brush (Ps 80:17[EB 16]; Isa 33:12+)

4066 כֵּסְיָהּ (kē·seyāh): n.masc.—see 4058 + 3363 (Ex 17:16+), note: some amend text to 5812 + 3363

4067 I. כְּסִיל (kesîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3684; TWOT 1011c—1. LN 32.42–32.61 foolishness, stupidity, insolence, i.e., the state of being in complete lack of understanding, implying rebellion (Pr 10:1); 2. LN 32.42–32.61 fool, insolent person, i.e., one completely lacking understanding, implying to be a rebel against standard or person (Pr 10:18)

4068 II. כְּסִיל (kesîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3685; TWOT 1011e—1. LN 1.26–1.33 (constellation) Orion, i.e., a star cluster on the equator, E of Taurus seen in the night sky as an imaginative configuration of hunter with belt and sword (Job 9:9; 38:31; Am 5:8+); 2. LN 1.26–1.33 constellation, i.e., a configuration of stars seen in the night sky (Isa 13:10+)

4069 III. כְּסִיל (kesîl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3686;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kesil: town in the Negev of Judah (Jos 15:30+)

4070 כְּסִילוּת (kesî·lûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3687; TWOT 1011d—LN 32.42–32.61 folly, stupidity, insolence, i.e., the state of being in complete lack of understanding, implying rebellion (Pr 9:13+)

כּסל (ksl) or כסל (ksl): see 4071

4071 כָּסַל (kā·sǎl): v.; ≡ Str 3688; TWOT 1011—LN 32.42–32.61 (qal impf.) be foolish, not wise, i.e., have a complete lack of understanding and so be stupid as to correct action (Jer 10:8+)

4072 I. כֶּסֶל (kě·sěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3689; TWOT 1011a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 waist, i.e., the part of the stomach and loins area that accumulates fat (Job 15:27); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 stomach, i.e., a part of the body that can get ulcers (Ps 38:8[EB 7]+), note: the NIV translates as “back” and the searing pain apparently as a pinched nerve or some such malady; 3. LN 8.9–8.69 loins, i.e., a part of the body of a four-legged animal on each side of the spinal column between the hip bone and the false ribs (Lev 3:4, 10, 15; 4:9; 7:4+), note: some translate this part of the body as the “sinews or tendons.”; note: for another interp in Pr 3:26, see 4073

4073 II. כֶּסֶל (kě·sěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3689; TWOT 1011a—1. LN 31.82–31.101 trust, confidence, i.e., have a belief in an object to the extent of placing mental or physical trust in it (Job 8:14; 31:24; Ps 49:14[EB 13]; 78:7; Pr 3:26+); 2. LN 32.42–32.61 stupidity, i.e., have a lack of understanding, with a possible focus of having an improper trust or security in an object (Ecc 7:25+), note: for another interp in Pr 3:26, see 4072

4074 כִּסְלָה (kis·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3690; TWOT 1011b—1. LN 31.82–31.101 confidence, certainty, i.e., what one places his belief or trust in (Job 4:6+), see also domain LN 25.156–25.166; 2. LN 22.1–22.14 folly, stupidity, i.e., behavior which is not conforming to a standard, with a focus on the danger that behavior places one in (Ps 85:9[EB 8]+), see also domain LN 88; note: for further discussion of textual concerns, see WBC20:365

4075 כִּסְלֵו (kis·lēw): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3691; TWOT 1012—LN 67.163–67.200 (month of calendar) Kislev: the 9th month of the Babylonian calendar, now known as November-December (Ne 1:1; Zec 7:1+)

4076 כְּסָלוֹן (kesā·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3693;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kesalon: northern-border town of Judah near Mt. Jearim, (Jos 15:10+), see also 3630

4077 כִּסְלוֹן (kis·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3692;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kislon: of Benjamin (Nu 34:21+)

כְּסֻלּוֹת (kesǔl·lôṯ) BDB: see 4063, 4079

4078 כַּסְלֻחִים (kǎs·lǔ·ḥîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3695;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Casluhite: pertaining to a group of people (Ge 10:14; 1Ch 1:12+)

4079 כִּסְלֹת תָּבוֹר (kis·lōṯ tā·ḇôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3696;—LN 93-place (terr) Kisloth Tabor: border town between Zebulun-Issachar, (Jos 19:12+), see also 4063

כּסם (ksm) or כסם (ksm): see 4080

4080 כָּסַם (kā·sǎm): v.; ≡ Str 3697; TWOT 1013—LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) clip hair, i.e., cut or shear the hair of another but not shave to the skin (Eze 44:20+)

כֻּסְּמִים (kǔs·semîm) Holladay: see 4081 (Eze 4:9+)

4081 כֻּסֶּמֶת (kǔs·sě·měṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3698; TWOT 1013a—1. LN 3.13–3.32 spelt plant, emmer wheat, i.e., a grain plant with lax spikes and spikelets containing two kernels, Triticum aestivum spelta (Ex 9:32; Isa 28:25+); 2. LN 3.33–3.46 spelt grain, i.e., the fruit part of the spelt plant, with a dual light red kernel, a summer wheat, Triticum (aestivum) spelta (Eze 4:9+)

כּסס (kss) or כסס (kss): see 4082

4082 כָּסַס (kā·sǎs): v.; ≡ Str 3699; TWOT 1014—LN 60.1–60.9 (qal impf.) reckon, compute, i.e., make a determination of an amount (Ex 12:4+)

כּסף (ksp) or כסף (ksp): see 4083

4083 כָּסַף (kā·sǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 3700; TWOT 1015—1. LN 25.1–25.11 (qal) long for, i.e., have a strong feeling or desire for an object (Job 14:15+); (nif) long for, yearn for (Ge 31:30; Ps 84:3[EB 2]+); 2. LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) be hungry, i.e., be in a state of desiring food, due to a normal lack of it for any length of time (Ps 17:12+); 3. LN 88.149–88.151 (nif) unit: לֹא כָּסַף (lō(ʾ) kā·sǎp̄) be shameful, formally, not longed for, i.e., pertaining to acting in a way in open defiance of a standard, and so causing a disgraceful situation, as an extension of lacking a feeling or attitude of desire or yearning for a situation or object (Zep 2:1+)

4084 כֶּסֶף (kě·sěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3701; TWOT 1015a—1. LN 2.49–2.62 silver metal (Job 28:1), note: for NIV text in Pr 26:23, see 3869; 2. LN 6.68–6.82 money, i.e., a silver piece as a unit of exchange (2Sa 18:12; 2Ki 15:20), note: this is not necessarily a “coin” of silver; 3. LN 57.1–57.21 property, belongings, i.e., a figurative extension of a value of silver (Ex 21:21); 4. LN 65.1–65.16 value, price, i.e., a figurative extension of a value of silver (1Ch 21:22); 5. LN 57.186–57.188 unit: נָתַן (nā·ṯǎn) … כֶּסֶף (kě·sěp̄) buy or sell, formally, give silver, i.e., purchase or retail an item (1Ki 21:2, 6); 6. LN 2.49–2.62 unit: כֶּסֶף כֶּסֶף (kě·sěp̄ kě·sěp̄) pure silver, formally, silver-silver, i.e., pure metal with no alloy or impurity (2Ki 25:15; Jer 52:19)

4085 כָּסִפְיָא (kā·sip̄·yā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3703;—LN 93-place (loc.) Casiphia: site in Babylonia (Ezr 8:17+)

4086 כֶּסֶת (kě·sěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3704; TWOT 1009a—LN 53.96–53.101 magic charm band, i.e., a magical device used in some way as a future telling or prophetic device (Eze 13:18, 20+)

כּעס (kʿs) or כעס (kʿs): see 4087

4087 כָּעַס (kā·ʿǎs): v.; ≡ Str 3707; TWOT 1016—LN 88.171–88.191 (qal) be angry, be vexed, be incensed, i.e., be in a state of strong displeasure (2Ch 16:10; Ne 3:33[EB 4:1]; Ps 112:10; Ecc 5:16[EB 17]; 7:9; Eze 16:42+), note: some parse Ecc 5:16 as 4088; (piel) anger, provoke (Dt 32:21; 1Sa 1:6+); (hif) provoke to anger or distress (1Sa 1:7), note: the provocation can be verbal or action oriented

4088 כַּעַס (kǎ·ʿǎs): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3708; TWOT 1016a—1. LN 25.223–25.250 sorrow, grief, i.e., a feeling of anxiety and sadness in a distressing situation (1Sa 1:16; Ps 6:8[EB 7]; 10:14; 31:10[EB 9]; Pr 17:25; Ecc 1:18; 2:23; 5:16[EB 17]; 7:3; 11:10+); 2. LN 88.171–88.191 anger, fury, i.e., have a strong feeling of displeasure and annoyance based on a wrong, real or perceived (Dt 32:19; Ps 85:5[EB 4]; Pr 12:16; 21:19; Ecc 7:9+), see also 4089; note: some parse Ecc 5:16 as 4087 qal pf.; 3. LN 33.406–33.411 taunt, i.e., a speaking of words of scorn, implying anger toward object of scorn, with a focus on eliciting a response by the mocking (Dt 32:27; 1Sa 1:6+); 4. LN 88.171–88.191 provocation, i.e., cause another to be angry by an action (1Ki 15:30; 21:22; 2Ki 23:26; Pr 27:3; Eze 20:28+)

כעשׂ (kʿś) Lisowsky: see 4087

4089 כַּעַשׂ (kǎ·ʿǎś): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3708; TWOT 1016a—1. LN 25.223–25.250 sorrow, grief, i.e., a feeling of anxiety and sadness in a distressing situation (Job 6:2; 17:7+); 2. LN 88.171–88.191 anger, fury, i.e., have a strong feeling of displeasure and annoyance based on a wrong, real or perceived (Job 5:2; 10:17+), see also 4088

4090 כַּף (kǎp̄): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3709; TWOT 1022a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 paw, i.e., an animal’s foot (Lev 11:27); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 hand, i.e., a body part on the end of arms (including the fingers), very important for manipulation and ability to do things (2Sa 18:14); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 palm of the hand, i.e., the padded part of the hand, when face up can make a shallow pool to hold liquid in the hand; 4. LN 8.9–8.69 sole of the foot, i.e., the padded, very bottom part of the foot, that makes contact with the ground; 5. LN 6.14–6.22 handle, i.e., the part of a door lock and bolt assembly that you grab to lock, close, or open (SS 5:5); 6. LN 6.29–6.40 pocket of a sling, i.e., the part of a sling that holds the stone before release (1Sa 25:29); 7. LN 8.9–8.69 socket, i.e., an opening or hollow place of a joint to connect the parts (Ge 32:33); 8. LN 6.118–6.151 dish, shallow pan, i.e., a metal container (Nu 7:14–80 passim), note: in context an incense burning container, note: for another lexical form with same meaning in Lev 23:40 (palm frond), see 4093; 9. LN 37.1–37.32 control, formally, hand, i.e., be under the power of another (Jdg 6:13); 10. LN 59.11–59.22 unit: מָלֵא כַּף (mā·lē(ʾ) kǎp̄) handful, i.e., an amount that can be held in the hand, as a general measure of volume (Lev 9:17), note: it is not clear if the hand is clenched or open in the measure, see also domain LN 81; 11. LN 59.11–59.22 unit: מְלֹא כַּף (melō(ʾ) kǎp̄) handful, i.e., an amount that can be held in the hand, as a general measure of volume (1Ki 17:12), note: it is not clear if the hand is clenched or open in the measure, see also domain LN 81; 12. LN 21.6–21.8 unit: שִׂים נֶפֶשׁ בְּ־ כַּף (śîm ně·p̄ěš b- kǎp̄) live in danger, formally, take life in hands, i.e., take a great risk (1Sa 19:5)

4091 כֵּף (kēp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3710; TWOT 1017—LN 1.39–1.45 rock formation, i.e., a land formation with nooks and crevices (Job 30:6; Jer 4:29+), see also domain LN 2.14–2.28

כּפה (kph) or כפה (kph): see 4092

4092 כָּפָה (kā·p̄ā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3711; TWOT 1018—LN 40.8–40.13 (qal) appease, soothe, expiate, i.e., to avert anger by causing some limited measure of pleasure by an action (Pr 21:14+), see also domain LN 25.85–25.98

4093 כִּפָּה (kip·pā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3712; TWOT 1022b—LN 3.47–3.59 palm branch, i.e., a frond or large leaf from a palm tree (Lev 23:40; Job 15:32; Isa 9:13[EB 14]; 19:15+), note: some give the meaning in Job as the shoot or sprout of a palm plant and in Isaiah as the sprout of a reed plant

4094 I. כְּפוֹר (kep̄ôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3713; TWOT 1026a, 1026b—LN 6.118–6.151 bowl, small dish, i.e., a container to hold food or possibly drink (1Ch 28:17(6xs); Ezr 1:10; 8:27+), note: in context, made of precious metal

4095 II. כְּפוֹר (kep̄ôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3713; TWOT 1026a—LN 2.7–2.13 frost, i.e., minute ice crystals with a white appearance (Ex 16:14; Job 38:29; Ps 147:16+)

4096 כָּפִיס (kā·p̄îs): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3714; TWOT 1021a—1. LN 7.77–7.79 structural part of a house: (most versions) rafter, beam of wood as a structural part of a house (Hab 2:11+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 7.77–7.79 outer finished part of a house: (NRSV) plaster or stucco work (Hab 2:11+)

4097 כְּפִיר (kep̄îr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3715; TWOT 1025a, 1025d—LN 4.1–4.37 fierce strong lion, i.e., a lion at the late adolescent stage of life between being a cub and adult, and so strong and aggressive (Jdg 14:5; Job 4:10; 38:39; Ps 17:12; 34:11[EB 10]; 35:17; 58:7[EB 6]; 91:13; 104:21; Pr 19:12; 20:2; 28:1; Isa 5:29; 11:6; 31:4; Jer 2:15; 25:38; 51:38; Eze 19:2, 3, 5, 6; 32:2; 41:19; Hos 5:14; Am 3:4; Mic 5:7[EB 8]; Na 2:12[EB 11],14[EB 13]; Zec 11:3+), note: as a common noun pl. in Eze 38:13 (NIV, some versions) see 4099

4098 כְּפִירָה (kep̄î·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3716;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kephirah: Gibeonite town allotted to Benjamin, (Jos 9:17; 18:26; Ezr 2:25; Ne 7:29+)

4099 כְּפִירִים (kep̄î·rîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 3715; TWOT 1025a—1. LN 1.88–1.94 (KJV, NKJV, ASV, RSV, NRSV, NIV) villages, i.e., a population center (Ne 6:2+), note: SS 7:12, see 4107, 4110; 2. LN 55.14–55.22 (NRSV) young warriors, soldiers, i.e., the figurative extension of a fierce lion (Eze 38:13+); 3. LN 57.189–57.208 (NEB, REB) leading merchants (Eze 38:13+); (NJB) magnates, i.e., the figurative extension of a fierce, strong lion; note: KJV, NKJV, ASV, NAB translate the word “lion” but context demands this not be the animal

כְּפִירִים (kep̄î·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3715; TWOT 1025a—LN 93-place (loc.) (NASB) Chephirim: an unknown place ( (Ne 6:2+)); (Tanakh) Kephirim; (NAB) Caphirim; (NEB, REB) Hakkephirim; (NJB) Ha-Chephirim

כּפל (kpl) or כפל (kpl): see 4100

4100 כָּפַל (kā·p̄ǎl): v.; ≡ Str 3717; TWOT 1019—1. (qal pf.) fold double, i.e., a non-linear motion of laying one layer of something over another (Ex 26:9+); (qal pass.) be folded double (Ex 28:16; 39:9+); 2. LN 19.1–19.13 (nif) be doubled, i.e., be struck twice (Eze 21:19[EB 14]+)

4101 כֶּפֶל (kě·p̄ěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3718; TWOT 1019a—1. LN 60.75–60.78 double, two-fold, i.e., twice as much (Isa 40:2; Job 11:6+), note: for another interp in Job, see next; 2. LN 32.19–32.23 two sides, i.e., two points of meaning or understanding and so hard to comprehend (Job 11:6+), note: this verse is difficult to interp, see BHS ftn, WBC17:254 for meaning and alt. text; 3. LN 6.4–6.9 unit: כֶּפֶל רֶסֶן (kě·p̄ěl rě·sěn)1 bridle, formally, double of restraint (Job 41:5[EB 13]+)

כּפן (kpn) or כפן (kpn): see 4102

4102 כָּפַן (kā·p̄ǎn): v.; ≡ Str 3719; TWOT 1020—LN 16 (qal pf. 3fs.) send out, stretch out, i.e., the growing lengthening motion of a plant’s roots and tendrils, implying a very rapid growth, here as an outward linear motion (Eze 17:7+)

4103 כָּפָן (kā·p̄ān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3720; TWOT 1020a—1. LN 23.1–23.39 hunger, i.e., a state of lacking food in a person for some time, and so be in a weak condition (Job 30:3+); 2. LN 23.1–23.39 famine, i.e., a widespread pandemic lack of food (Job 5:22+)

כּפף (kpp) or כפף (kpp): see 4104

4104 כָּפַף (kā·p̄ǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 3721; TWOT 1022—1. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) be in distress, formally, bow down, i.e., inclining motion to the ground as a sign of worry or anxiety (Ps 57:7[EB 6]); 2. LN 17.21–17.22 (qal) bow down as an act. of worship or humility before God (Isa 58:5+); (qal pass.) be bowed down (Ps 145:14; 146:8+); (nif) bow down before (Mic 6:6+)

כּפר (kpr) or כפר (kpr): see 4105, 4106

4105 I. כָּפַר (kā·p̄ǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3722; TWOT 1023, 1024, 1025, 1026—1. LN 40.8–40.13 (piel) make atonement, make amends, pardon, release, appease, forgive, i.e., remove the guilt from a wrongdoing for any length of time (Ex 29:36); (nitpael) atoned for (Dt 21:8+); (pual) be atoned for (Ex 29:33; Nu 35:33; Pr 16:6; Isa 6:7; 22:14; 27:9+); (hitp) allow for atonement (1Sa 3:14+); 2. LN 57.152–57.171 (piel) ransom, i.e., pay an amount of money as a gift, with a quid pro quo of so being allowed to keep one’s freedom (Isa 47:11); 3. LN 34.42–34.49 (pual) be annulled, i.e., have a relationship or agreement broken (Isa 28:18); 4. LN 57.178–57.185 (piel) unit: כָּפַר פָּנֶה (kā·p̄ǎr pā·ně(h)) pacify, give a gift, formally, cover the face, i.e., give a gift of tribute which will establish some level of relationship, possibly implying reconciliation (Ge 32:21[EB 20]+)

4106 II. כָּפַר (kā·p̄ǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3722; TWOT 1023—LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) coat, cover, i.e., tar over something in a covering motion (Ge 6:14+), note: as a coating for a boat, see domain LN 54

4107 כָּפָר (kā·p̄ār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3723; TWOT 1025c—LN 1.88–1.94 unwalled village, i.e., a relatively small population center out in the country (1Ch 27:25; SS 7:12[EB 11]+), note: for plural as a common noun, see 4099; note: SS 7:12 as a n.pr., see 4099, as n., see 4110

כִּפֶּר (kip·pěr) BDB: see 4105

4108 I. כֹּפֶר (kō·p̄ěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3724; TWOT 1025b—LN 1.88–1.94 unwalled village, i.e., a relatively small population center, abandoned in times of siege (1Sa 6:18+)

4109 II. כֹּפֶר (kō·p̄ěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3724; TWOT 1025b—LN 6.41–6.51 pitch, i.e., a water seal substance for large vessel (Ge 6:14+), note: it is not clear what the organic material was composed of, possibly tar or some other bituminous material

4110 III. כֹּפֶר (kō·p̄ěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3724; TWOT 1025b—1. LN 3.13–3.32 henna plant, i.e., a shrub or small tree with fragrant blossoms, Lawsonia inermis (SS 4:13+); (KJV) camphire; (NAB, NEB, REB, NJB) delete from text; 2. LN 3.47–3.59 henna blossom, i.e., the fragrant mass of flowers on a henna plant (SS 1:14+), for another interp in SS 7:12, see 4099, 4107

4111 IV. כֹּפֶר (kō·p̄ěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3724; TWOT 1025b—1. LN 57.152–57.171 ransom payment, i.e., valued compensation for a wrong (Ex 21:30; 30:12; Nu 35:31, 32; Job 33:24; Ps 49:8[EB 7]; Pr 13:8; 21:18; Isa 43:3+); 2. LN 57.172–57.177 bribe, hush money, i.e., money paid out to hire influence (1Sa 12:3; Job 36:18; Pr 6:35; Am 5:12+)

כְּפַר הָעַמּוֹנִי (kep̄ǎr hā·ʿǎm·mô·nî) BDB: see 4112

4112 כְּפַר הָעַמֹּנִי (kep̄ǎr hā·ʿǎm·mō·nî): n.pr. [BDB: n.masc. + n.pr.gent. (4107 + 6649)]; ≡ Str 3726;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kephar Ammoni: site in Benjamin (Jos 18:24+)

4113 כִּפֻּרִים (kip·pǔ·rîm): n.[masc.]pl.; ≡ Str 3725; TWOT 1023b—1. LN 40.8–40.13 atonement, i.e., an act. of ceremonially accounting for wrong done in a covenantal relationship, which causes forgiveness, pardon, and right relationship, which may have a possible implication of appeasement or anger (Ex 29:36; 30:10, 16; Nu 5:8; 29:11+), note: the plural is a marker of a superlative; 2. LN 51 unit: יוֹם (הַ־) כִּפֻּרִים (yôm (hǎ-) kip·pǔ·rîm) Day of Atonement, Yom Kippur, i.e., a national festival day of rest and full atonement or expiation (Lev 23:27, 28; 25:9+)

4114 כַּפֹּרֶת (kǎp·pō·rěṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 3727; TWOT 1023c—1. LN 40.13 atonement cover, lid, i.e., the ornamental top of the Ark of the Testimony, as the central place where sins are forgiven (Ex 25:17–40:20 passim; Lev 16:2–15 passim; Nu 7:89+), see also domain LN 53.16–53.27; note: some interp not as a place or thing, put as a procedure or performance of reconciliation, though context prefers the former; 2. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת כַּפֹּרֶת (bǎ·yiṯ kǎp·pō·rěṯ) temple, formally, house of atonement, i.e., that building which is separate from the porticoes and porches of the temple (1Ch 28:11+)

כּפשׁ (kpš) or כפשׁ (kpš): see 4115

4115 כָּפַשׁ (kā·p̄ǎš): v.; ≡ Str 3728; TWOT 1027—LN 19.43–19.54 (hif pf.) trample down, i.e., make a downward pressing motion, implying violence and oppression (La 3:16+)

4116 I. כַּפְתּוֹר (kǎp̄·tôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3731; TWOT 1028—LN 93-place (terr) Caphtor: country or area from which the Philistines came, probably Crete (Dt 2:23; Jer 47:4; Am 9:7+), see also 4118

4117 II. כַּפְתּוֹר (kǎp̄·tôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3730; TWOT 1029—1. LN 6.96–6.101 ornamental bud, i.e., a crafted figure in the image of knobby fruit of trees, as a relief on larger piece of furniture, as an art object, not a worship image (Ex 25:31–37:22 passim+); 2. LN 7.45 top of a pillar or column, i.e., the top of an upright shaft as a building support or mere ornament to a building structure (Am 9:1; Zep 2:14+)

כַּפְתֹּר (kǎp̄·tōr) BDB: see 4116, 4117

4118 כַּפְתֹּרִי (kǎp̄·tō·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3732;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Caphtorite: pertaining to Caphtor, i.e., the Philistines (Ge 10:14; Dt 2:23; 1Ch 1:12+), see also 4116

4119 I. כַּר (kǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3733; TWOT 1046a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 ram-lamb, i.e., a young male sheep at a stage in life desirable for eating or sacrifice (Dt 32:14; 1Sa 15:9; 2Ki 3:4; Isa 16:1; 34:6; Jer 51:40; Eze 27:21; 39:18; Am 6:4+); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 battering ram, i.e., a siege weapon to break down a fortification wall (Eze 4:2; 21:27[EB 22]+)

4120 II. כַּר (kǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3733; TWOT 1046a—LN 1.95–1.98 pastureland, i.e., verdant grazing land, replete with grass (Ps 37:20; 65:14[EB 13]; Isa 30:23+)

4121 III. כַּר (kǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3733; TWOT 1046a—LN 6.118–6.151 saddle-bag, saddle pouch, i.e., an area of a saddle that is below where one sits in a saddle, some describe as a kind of camel-palanquin, or camel-basket (Ge 31:34+), note: this is not a side-saddle bag

4122 כָּר (kār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1033;—LN 93-place (loc.) Car: part of compound name, Beth Car, see 1105

4123 כֹּר (kōr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3734; TWOT 1031—LN 81.20–81.24 dry measure: cor or Kor, i.e., a measure of volume, dry or liquid, variously reckoned at 220, 327, or 394 liters (1Ki 5:2[EB 4:22],25ab[EB 11ab]; 2Ch 2:9[EB 10]; 27:5; Eze 45:14+), note: for a full discussion of options, see 2818; note: for NIV text in 1Ki 5:25b, see 1427

כּרבל (krbl) or כרבל (krbl): see 4124

4124 כִּרְבֵּל (kir·bēl): v.; ≡ Str 3736; TWOT 1032—LN 49 (pual ptcp.) be clothed, i.e., pertaining to having a garment on (1Ch 15:27+), note: lexical form has four radicals

כּרה (krh)[1] or I. כרה (krh): see 4125

כּרה (krh)[2] or II. כרה (krh): see 4126

כּרה (krh)[3] or III. כרה (krh): see 4127

כּרה (krh)[4] or IV. כרה (krh): see 4128

4125 I. כָּרָה (kā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3738; TWOT 1033—1. LN 19.55 (qal) dig into the ground (Ge 26:25; Ex 21:33; Nu 21:18; Ps 7:16[EB 15]; Ps 57:7[EB 6]; 119:85; Pr 26:27; Jer 18:20, 22+); (nif) be dug into the ground (Ps 94:13+); 2. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) hew stone, i.e., to hollow out rock (Ge 50:5; 2Ch 16:14+); 3. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) pierce, cut, i.e., run through a mass with a sharp object (Ps 22:17; 40:7[EB 6]+), note: for another parsing of the MT text in Ps 22:17, “as the lions,” see 3869 + 2021 + 787; for a cj of the same verse, see 4128; 4. LN 30.56–30.74 (qal) plot, plan, formally, dig a hole, i.e., to purpose and plan for a future situation (Pr 16:27+)

4126 II. כָּרָה (kā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3739; TWOT 1034—LN 57.186–57.188 (qal) barter, i.e., trade or exchange goods and/or money as in business or consumption in buying and selling (Dt 2:6; Job 6:27; 40:30[EB 41:6]; Hos 3:2+)

4127 III. כָּרָה (kā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3738; TWOT 1033—LN 51 (qal) prepare a feast, i.e., prepare food and drink and ceremonies and all things related to a feast (2Ki 6:23+), see also domain LN 23.1–23.39

4128 IV. כָּרָה (kā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3738; TWOT 1033—LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) tie together, bind, i.e., fasten two objects together (Ps 22:17 cj+), for another interp, see 4125 and 787

4129 V. כָּרָה (kā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3741; TWOT 1033a—1. LN 1.95–1.98 (RSV, NRSV, NJB) pastures, meadows, i.e., a pastureland as grazing grounds (Zep 2:6+), note: for another interp, see next; note: NIV, NAB, NEB, REB, Tanakh text see 4165; 2. LN 1.69–1.78 (BDB) cistern, i.e., a hole in ground made to contain water (Zep 2:6+); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 dwelling, i.e., a place to live, temporary in nature (Zep 2:6+); (NKJV) shelters; (KJV, ASV) cottages; (NASB) caves

4130 כֵּרָה (kē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3740; TWOT 1035a—LN 51 feast, banquet, i.e., an eating and drinking celebration (1Ki 6:23+)

4131 I. כְּרוּב (kerûḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3742; TWOT 1036—1. LN 12.1–12.42 Cherub, (pl.) Cherubim, i.e., a class of winged supernatural beings, which serve God in several functions (Ge 3:24; Ps 18:11[EB 10]; Ps 80:2[EB 1]); 2. LN 6.96–6.101 cherub, i.e., an ornamental figure of a Cherub 1. on top of Atonement Cover (Ex 25:18) 2. a large standing figure in the temple (1Ki 6:23) 3. a carved wall figure (1Ki 6:29) 4. another figure in Eze. Temple (Eze 41:18)

4132 II. כְּרוּב (kerûḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3743;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kerub: place in Babylon (Ezr 2:59; Ne 7:61+)

4133 כָּרִי (kā·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3746;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Carite: some say same as 4165 (2Ki 11:4, 19+), note: 2Sa 20:23 K

4134 כְּרִית (kerîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3747;—LN 93-place (River) Kerith: unidentified ravine E of the Jordan, possibly in Gilead (1Ki 17:3, 5+)

4135 כְּרִיתוּת (kerî·ṯûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3748; TWOT 1048a—1. LN 34.66–34.78 divorce, i.e., the act. of ending a marriage (Dt 24:1, 3; Isa 50:1; Jer 3:8+); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: סֵפֶר כְּרִיתוּת (sē·p̄ěr kerî·ṯûṯ) written certificate of divorce, i.e., a deed giving notice by a husband to a wife of impending divorce, thus releasing the woman to marry (Dt 24:1, 3; Isa 50:1; Jer 3:8+)

4136 כַּרְכֹּב (kǎr·kōḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3749; TWOT 1038a—LN 6.106–6.117 ledge, rim, edge, i.e., a border lip just below the top of the altar (Ex 27:5; 38:4+)

4137 כַּרְכֹּם (kǎr·kōm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3750; TWOT 1039—LN 3.47–3.59 saffron, i.e., the deep orange aromatic pungent dried stigmas (flower pistil) of a purple-flowered Autumnal Crocus Crocus sativus with herbal and aromatic uses (SS 4:14+); note: another possibility is “Tumeric,” a seasoning and medicine prepared from the tubers of Curcuma longa a genus of Zingiberace (ginger root) plant family

4138 כַּרְכְּמִישׁ (kǎr·kemîš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3751;—LN 93-place (loc.) Carchemish: on the W bank of Euphrates, capital of the Hittite empire (2Ch 35:20; Isa 10:9; Jer 46:2+)

כַּרְכְּמִישׁ (kǎr·kemîš) BDB: see 4138 (Jer 46:2)

4139 כַּרְכַּס (kǎr·kǎs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3752;—LN 93-pers. (male) Carcas: eunuch official of King Xerxes (Est 1:10+)

4140 כִּרְכָּרָה (kir·kā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3753; TWOT 1046b—LN 4.30 an unclean animal, a large mammal, i.e., one-humped cow-camel Camelus dromedarius, the female is known for swiftness (Isa 66:20+)

כִּרְכָּרוֹת (kir·kā·rôṯ) Lisowsky: see 4140

כּרם (krm) or כרם (krm): see 4141

4141 כָּרַם (kā·rǎm): v.; ≡ Str 3755; TWOT 1040—LN 43 (qal act. ptcp.) work in a vineyard (2Ki 25:12; 2Ch 26:10; Isa 61:5; Jer 52:16; Joel 1:11+), note: better parsed as n.masc. with the focus on the person, not the action, see 4144

4142 I. כֶּרֶם (kě·rěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3754; TWOT 1040a—1. LN 3.28 vineyard, i.e., a cultivated and tended plot of land and vine plants, to grow grapes and harvest grapes (1Sa 22:7), note: for MT text in Eze 19:10, see 1947; 2. LN 3.33–3.46 grapes, i.e., the fruit of a vineyard which is harvested (Jdg 9:27; 1Sa 8:15)

4143 II. כֶּרֶם (kě·rěm): n.pr.—LN 93-place (loc.) Kerem: part of a compound name, Beth Hakkerem, see 1094; note: also in the LXX in Jos 15:59 v.r.

4144 כֹּרֵם (kō·rēm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3755; TWOT 1040—LN 43 vinedresser, i.e., a work-hand or husbandman in the vineyard (2Ki 25:12; 2Ch 26:10; Isa 61:5; Jer 52:16; Joel 1:11+), see also 4142; note: for another parsing as qal ptcp., see 4141

4145 I. כַּרְמִי (kǎr·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3756;—LN 93-pers. (male) Carmi: 1. son of Reuben (Ge 46:9; Ex 6:14; Nu 26:6; 1Ch 4:1; 5:3+) 2. father of Achan (Jos 7:1, 18; 1Ch 2:7+), see also 4146

4146 II. כַּרְמִי (kǎr·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3757;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Carmite: pertaining to Carmi (Nu 26:6+), see also 4145(1.)

4147 כַּרְמִיל (kǎr·mîl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3758; TWOT 1043—LN 6.188–6.196 crimson wool yarn, i.e., what is used to make adorning cloth (2Ch 2:6[EB 7],13[EB 14]; 3:14+)

4148 כְּרָמִים (kerā·mîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3754; TWOT 1040a—LN 93-place (loc.) Keramim: part of a compound name, Abel Keramim, see 70

4149 I. כַּרְמֶל (kǎr·měl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3759; TWOT 1041—1. LN 1.95–1.98 fertile land, fruitful land, which is not necessarily heavily cultivated (2Ki 19:23; Isa 37:24; Mic 7:14+); 2. LN 1.95–1.98 fertile land, fruitful land, with the focus on the cultivation of that land (2Ch 26:10; Isa 10:18; 29:17; 32:15,16; Jer 2:7; 4:26+); 3. LN 3.13–3.32 orchard, i.e., an area highly cultivated and harvested, apparently from fruit trees (Isa 16:10; Jer 48:33+)

4150 II. כַּרְמֶל (kǎr·měl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3760; TWOT 1042—LN 93-place (loc.) Carmel: hill-country town of Judah, (Jos 15:55; 1Sa 15:12; 1Sa 25:2,5, 7, 40+), see also 4153

4151 III. כַּרְמֶל (kǎr·měl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3760; TWOT 1042—LN 93-place (loc.) Carmel: mountain range and territory (Jos 19:26; 1Ki 18:19)

4152 IV. כַּרְמֶל (kǎr·měl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3759; TWOT 1041—LN 3.33–3.46 ripe grain, i.e., the ripe fruit of cereal grain plant which has just been harvested, contrasted with grain which has been in storage (Lev 2:14; 23:14; 2Ki 4:42+)

4153 כַּרְמְלִי (kǎr·melî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3761, 3762;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Carmelite: pertaining to the town of Carmel in Judah (1Sa 27:3; 30:5; 2Sa 2:2; 3:3; 23:35; 1Ch 3:1; 11:37+), see also 4150

4154 כְּרָן (kerān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3763;—LN 93-pers. (male) Keran: of Esau (Ge 36:26; 1Ch 1:41+)

כּרסם (krsm) or כרסם (krsm): see 4155

4155 כִּרְסֵם (kir·sēm): v.; ≡ Str 3765; TWOT 1013b—LN 23.1–23.39 (piel impf.) devour, eat, i.e., the indiscriminate rooting and tearing action of a foraging animal, implying destruction (Ps 80:14[EB 13]+), note: see also domain LN 20.31–20.60, note: lexical form has four radicals

כּרע (krʿ) or כרע (krʿ): see 4156

4156 כָּרַע (kā·rǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 3766; TWOT 1044—1. LN 17 (qal) kneel down, prostrate, i.e., be in a stance of bowing down in prostration, often to the knees, with either the back bent down or straight (2Ki 1:13), note: often with an associative meaning giving respect or worship; (hif) make bow down, make kneel (2Sa 22:40; Ps 17:13; 18:40[EB 39]+), note: often this refers to an action of subduing and defeating another; 2. LN 25.223–25.250 (hif) make miserable, formally, make bow down, i.e., be in an attitude or feeling of great distress, as an extension of bowing down stance as being a position of suffering or mourning (Jdg 11:35+); 3. LN 20.61–20.88 (hif) kill, cut down, formally, cause to bow, i.e., take the life of another as an extension of cause one to bow down, and so be in a vulnerable position for execution (Ps 78:31+); 4. LN 17.29–17.33 (qal) crouch, i.e., a position of readiness, which one has the sole of the foot to the ground, and the knees bent, ready for an action (Ge 49:9; 1Sa 4:19), note: this position can refer to an attacking position, or a labor/birthing position; 5. LN 17 (qal) slump down, i.e., be in a lying position in a random mass, with no use of a position of joints or limbs (2Ki 9:24); 6. LN 23.61–23.65 (qal) sleep with, initiate intercourse, i.e., have sexual relation with a female by taking a position over or upon a woman for intercourse (Job 31:10)

4157 כֶּרַע (kě·rǎʿ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 3767; TWOT 1044a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 lower leg bone, fibula, i.e., a mammal shank bone, between the knee and ankle (Ex 12:9; 29:17; Lev 1:9, 13; 4:11; 8:21; 9:14; Am 3:12+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 insect leg, i.e., that which gives mobility to the insect (Lev 11:21+)

כְּרָעִים (kerā·ʿîm) Lisowsky: see 4157

4158 כַּרְפַּס (kǎr·pǎs): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3768; TWOT 1045—LN 6.152–6.187 finely woven linen, i.e., tightly woven cloth manufactured from the flax plant, of the genus Linum (Est 1:6+), note: this may be material from some other plant such as cotton of the genus Gossypium

כּרר (krr) or כרר (krr): see 4159

4159 כָּרַר (kā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3769; TWOT 1046—LN 15.244 (pilpel ptcp.) dancing, i.e., a joyous, rhythmic, whirling motion (2Sa 6:14, 16+), note: as a ritual-servant worshiping in procession before his God?, see domain LN 53.53–53.64

4160 כָּרֵשׂ (kā·rēś): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3770; TWOT 1047a—LN 8.9–8.69 stomach, belly, intestines, i.e., the internal part of the alimentary canal that digests food (Jer 51:34+)

כֹּרֶשׁ (kō·rěš) BDB: see 3931 (Ezr 1:1, 2+)

4161 כַּרְשְׁנָא (kǎr·šenā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3771;—LN 93-pers. (male) Carshena: close advisor of King Xerxes (Est 1:14+)

כּרת (krt) or כרת (krt): see 4162

4162 כָּרַת (kā·rǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 3772; TWOT 1048—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) cut off, cut down, i.e., sever an object from its source, or cut into parts, implying a violent action (Ex 34:13); (qal pass.) be cut off, be cut down (Lev 22:24; Dt 23:2[EB 1]; 1Sa 5:4+); (nif) be cut down (Job 14:7); (hif) cut down (Lev 26:30); (pual) be cut off, be cut down (Jdg 6:28; Eze 16:4+); 2. LN 34.42–34.49 (qal) make a covenant, formally, cut, i.e., make a solemn agreement between parties, with stipulations, benefits, and responsibilities, as an extension of cutting or destroying an animal in the making of some covenants (1Sa 20:16), note: these covenants can be made between persons, gods or God, or political/national alliances; 3. LN 34.31–34.39 (nif) be cut off, i.e., be excluded from an association or membership (Ex 12:15); (hif) banish, cut off (Lev 17:10); 4. LN 68.34–68.57 (nif) stop, cease, fail, formally, cut off, i.e., not have an event happen (or cease) as an extension of severing an object from its source (Ru 4:10); (hif) cut off, cease (1Sa 20:15); (hof) not happen (Joel 1:9+); 5. LN 20.61–20.88 (qal) kill, i.e., put to death by any means as an extension of cutting or severing a body (Eze 14:21); (nif) be cut off, be destroyed, ruined (Ge 9:11); (hif) cut off, destroy, kill (Lev 26:22); 6. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) uproot, i.e., a tearing motion of removing roots of a plant or tree from the ground, in a tearing motion which severs (Jer 11:19); 7. LN 23.1–23.39 (nif) be consumed, be eaten, formally, cut up, i.e., eat food as a process eating meat off bones, breaking the joints and bones as one eats the meat (Nu 11:33)

כְּרֹת (kerōṯ): qal inf.cs. of 4162 or see below—see 4129 or 4163 (Zep 2:6)

4163 כְּרֹת (kerōṯ): n.fem.pl.—see 4165 (Zep 2:6+), note: various sources change text to 4120, “pastures;” 4129, “wells;” 4130, “feast,” BHS ftn deletes

4164 כְּרֻתוֹת (kerǔ·ṯôṯ): n.[fem.] [BDB: qal ptcp.pass.pl.]; ≡ Str 3773; TWOT 1048b—LN 7.77–7.79 beam, plank, i.e., trimmed and cut wood as a building material (1Ki 6:36; 7:2, 12+), see also 4162

4165 כְּרֵתִי (kerē·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3774;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Kerethite: pertaining to a tribe or clan of people who lived in the S of Judah (1Sa 30:14; 2Sa 8:18; 15:18; 20:7, 23; 1Ki 1:38, 44; 1Ch 18:17; Eze 25:16; Zep 2:5+), note: some say same as 4133, note: for MT text in Zep 2:6, see 4129

4166 כֶּשֶׂב (kě·śěḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3775; TWOT 949—LN 4.1–4.37 ram-lamb, i.e., ceremonially clean animal, hence eatable: small ruminate mammal; ram-lamb or young ram sheep, of the Ovis family, about a year old or more (Ge 30:32, 33, 35, 40; Lev 1:10; 3:7; 4:35; 7:23; 17:3; 22:19, 27; Nu 18:17; Dt 14:4+), see also 3897; note: in some contexts there is no focus of the youth of the sheep, but a general word for the species

4167 כִּשְׂבָּה (kiś·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3776; TWOT 949—LN 4.1–4.37 ewe-lamb, i.e., ceremonially clean animal, hence eatable: small ruminate mammal; ewe-lamb, young sheep, of the Ovis family, about a year old or more (Lev 5:6+), see also 3897

4168 כֶּשֶׂד (kě·śěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3777;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kesed: son of Nahor, nephew of Abraham (Ge 22:22+)

4169 כַּשְׂדִּים (kǎś·dîm): n.pr. [see also 4169.4, 4169.5]; ≡ Str 3778;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Chaldean: pertaining to Chaldea, generally as a synonym for Babylonia, though in some contexts S Babylonia (Ge 11:28)

כַּשְׂדִּים (kǎś·dîm): n.pr. [served by 4169]; ≡ Str 3778;—LN 93-place (loc.) Chaldea: a land roughly in the area of modern day S. Iraq, also called Babylonia (Eze 12:13), note: in other contexts it may be appropriate to distinguish Chaldea and Babylonia

כַּשְׂדִּים (kǎś·dîm): n.masc.pl. [served by 4169]; ≡ Str 3778;—LN 32.40 wise man, sage, i.e., a general summary term for any kind of fortune-telling, magic, and dream interpretation, etc. (Da 1:4; 2:2, 4+), note: NIV translates as a specific kind of sage, “astrologers”

כּשׂה (kśh) or כשׂה (kśh): see 4170

4170 כָּשָׂה (kā·śā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3780; TWOT 1049—1. LN 23.129–23.141 (qal pf. 2ms.) be covered with fat, be sleek, i.e., to be in a healthy state and not thin and underfed (Dt 32:15+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 88.223–88.226 (qal pf. 2ms.) be stubborn, be headstrong, i.e., to be intractable as a figurative extension of a sleek, healthy animal that becomes self-willed and difficult to handle ((Dt 32:15+))

כּשׁח (kšḥ) or כשׁח (kšḥ): see 4171

4171 כָּשַׁח (kā·šǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7911; TWOT 2383—LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) become lame, crippled, i.e., lose the use of a limb (Ps 137:5 cj+), for MT text, see 8894

כֻּשִׁיִּים (kǔ·šiy·yîm) BDB: see 3934 (Am 9:7)

4172 כַּשִּׁיל (kǎš·šîl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3781; TWOT 1050a—LN 6.215–6.225 axe, chopping implement, i.e., a tool for wood cutting (Ps 74:6+)

כֻּשִׁית (kǔ·šîṯ): see 3934 (Nu 12:1)

כּשׁל (kšl) or כשׁל (kšl): see 4173

4173 כָּשַׁל (kā·šǎl): v.; ≡ Str 3782; TWOT 1050—1. LN 15.118–15.122 (qal) stumble, falter, stagger, i.e., make a motion of falling or stumbling in an out of control manner (Lev 26:37), note: often referring to a weak, wounded, failing person; (nif) stumbled (1Sa 2:4); (hif) cause to fall (Pr 4:16); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (nif) be brought down, i.e., be in a state of destruction or ruin (Pr 24:16; Da 11:41); (hif) overthrow, bring to ruin (2Ch 25:8); (hof) be overthrown (Jer 18:23); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) have a downfall, fail, have no success, i.e., a lack of obtaining a desireable state (Hos 14:2[EB 1]); (hif) cause to stumble (Jer 18:15); 4. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) fail, i.e., to have a condition or state cease, implying a defeat (Ps 31:11[EB 10])

4174 כִּשָּׁלוֹן (kiš·šā·lôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3783; TWOT 1050b—LN 20.31–20.60 calamity, disaster, i.e., that event which destroys as a figurative extension of the act. of falling down or accidentally stumbling (Pr 16:18+)

כּשׁף (kšp) or כשׁף (kšp): see 4175

4175 כָּשַׁף (kā·šǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 3784; TWOT 1051—LN 53.96–53.101 (piel pf.) engage in witchcraft, be a sorcerer, i.e., to practice the black magic arts (2Ch 33:6+), note: for piel ptcp. as n.masc. and n.fem., see 4843.5, 4843.6

4176 כֶּשֶׁף (kě·šěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3785; TWOT 1051a—LN 53.96–53.101 witchcraft, sorcery, black magic, i.e., the acts of obtaining powers from spirits, often with the associative meanings of rebellion and seductive false religion (2Ki 9:22; Isa 47:9, 12; Mic 5:11[EB 12]; Na 3:4+)

4177 כַּשָּׁף (kǎš·šāp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3786; TWOT 1051b—LN 53.96–53.101 sorcerer, i.e., one who practices the black magic arts (Jer 27:9+)

כּשׁר (kšr) or כשׁר (kšr): see 4178

4178 כָּשֵׁר (kā·šēr): v.; ≡ Str 3787; TWOT 1052—1. LN 66 (qal) think proper, think right, i.e., have an opinion which is right in a circumstance (Est 8:5+); 2. LN 68.22–68.33 (qal) have success, i.e., be in a state of full completion of goals or task endeavored (Ecc 11:6+), note: possibly interp as proper, see also domain LN 66; (hif) succeed, bring success (Ecc 10:10+)

4179 כִּשְׁרוֹן (kiš·rôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3788; TWOT 1052b—1. LN 28.1–28.16 skill, i.e., a specialized kind of knowledge in one’s craft or line of work (Ecc 2:21+); 2. LN 13.1–13.47 unit: מַעֲשֶׂה כֹּל כִּשְׁרוֹן (mǎ·ʿǎśě(h) kōl kiš·rôn) complete achievement, formally, skill of all work, i.e., attainment and so be in a state of success (Ecc 4:4+), see also domain LN 68.22–68.33; 3. LN 65.40–65.51 benefit, profit, i.e., what is advantageous or of valued use to someone (Ecc 5:10[EB 11]+)

כּתב (ktb) or כתב (ktb): see 4180

4180 כָּתַב (kā·ṯǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 3789; TWOT 1053—1. LN 33.35–33.68 (qal) write, engrave, inscribe, i.e., make marks which communicate by signals, symbols, or alphabet, on any of various materials; stone, leather, wax, papyrus; with instruments such as ink and pens, or stylus (Ex 17:14), note: writing can have many purposes, including recording or registering names or events, messages, a signature, and memory aids; (qal pass.) written, inscribed, engraved (Ex 31:18); (nif) written down, listed, recorded (Ezr 8:34; Est 1:19; 2:23; 3:9, 12; 8:5, 8, 9; 9:32; Job 19:23; Ps 69:29[EB 28]; 102:19[EB 18]; 139:16; Jer 17:13; Eze 13:9; Mal 3:16+); 2. LN 33.323–33.332 (qal) decree, i.e., give a written command (Job 13:26); (piel) issue a written statement (Isa 10:1+)

4181 כְּתָב (keṯāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3791; TWOT 1053a—1. LN 33.35–33.68 writing, i.e., any inscribed communication (1Ch 28:19; 2Ch 35:4; Est 3:14; 4:8; 8:8, 13; 9:27+); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 letter, i.e., a written communication sent through a courier (2Ch 2:10[EB 11]+); 3. LN 33.35–33.68 record, i.e., a specific list chronicling past events of any kind (Ezr 2:62; Ne 7:64; Eze 13:9+); 4. LN 33.35 script, i.e., the forms of characters in a language that are written down (Ezr 4:7; Est 1:22; 3:12; 8:9+); 5. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: כְּתָב אֱמֶת (keṯāḇ ʾěměṯ) a reliable book, formally, Book of Truth, i.e., a writing in a heavenly scroll giving details of future things, with a focus on both certainty and reliability (Da 10:21+)

4182 כְּתֹבֶת (keṯō·ḇěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3793; TWOT 1053b—1. LN 8.9–8.69 mark, i.e., a deliberate deface or change in the skin of the body as a particular sign (Lev 19:28+), note: in context it could be painting or scarring of the skin; 2. LN 33.476–33.489 unit: כְּתֹבֶת קַעֲקַע (keṯō·ḇěṯ qǎ·ʿǎqǎʿ) tatoo, formally, a marking of skin by incision, as a non-verbal sign of mourning (Lev 19:28+), note: some give the meaning as a “painting of the body,” also a non-verbal communication of mourning

כִּתִּי (kit·tî) BDB: see 4183, 4183.5

4183 כִּתִּיִּים (kit·tiy·yîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3794;—LN 93-place (loc.) Cyprus: a large island in the eastern-most Mediterranean (Nu 24:24; Isa 23:1, 12; Jer 2:10; Eze 27:6+), note: references in Jer and Eze may be common nouns, see 4183.4

כִּתִּיִּים (kit·tiy·yîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 3794;—LN 1.60–1.68 coastlands, i.e., areas in close proximity of the ocean (Da 11:30+), see also 4183

כִּתִּיִּים (kit·tiy·yîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3794;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kittim: son of Javan, ancestor of the Kittim people of Cyprus (Ge 10:4; 1Ch 1:7+), see also 4183; note: some sources as gent.pl. of the people of Cyprus

כָּתִיף (kā·ṯîp̄) Holladay: n.masc.; ≡ Str 3794;—LN 15.244 sword-dance (Job 21:12 cj+), note: see also 4191

4184 כָּתִית (kā·ṯîṯ): adj.; ≡ Str 3795; TWOT 1062a—1. LN 79.97–79.99 beaten, i.e., pertaining to olives beaten or crushed and then gravity drained (or possibly lightly pressed), producing the first pure (unsedimented), virgin olive oil, as an oil for lamps or as a food (Ex 27:20; 29:40; Lev 24:2; Nu 28:5; 1Ki 5:25[EB 11]+); 2. LN 6.197–6.202 unit: זַיִת כָּתִית (zǎ·yiṯ kā·ṯîṯ) pure oil, formally, beaten olives, i.e., a fine quality oil for lamp burning (Ex 27:20; Lev 24:2+); 3. LN 5.1–5.22 unit: זַיִת כָּתִית (zǎ·yiṯ kā·ṯîṯ) pure oil, formally, beaten olives, i.e., a fine oil for consumption (Ex 29:40; Nu 28:5; 1Ki 5:25[EB 11]+)

4185 כֹּתֶל (kō·ṯěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3796; TWOT 1054a—LN 7.26–7.53 wall of a house, i.e., a part of a building (SS 2:9+)

4186 כִּתְלִישׁ (kiṯ·lîš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3798;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kitlish: site in western foothills of Judah (Jos 15:40+)

כּתם (ktm) or כתם (ktm): see 4187

4187 כָּתַם (kā·ṯǎm): v.; ≡ Str 3799; TWOT 1055—LN 53.33–53.40 (nif) be defiled, be morally unclean, i.e., be in a state of sin as a figurative extension of a stain on clean garment or skin (Jer 2:22+), see also domain LN 88.289–88.318

4188 כֶּתֶם (kě·ṯěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3800; TWOT 1057—LN 2.49 gold, i.e., a precious metal in a refined state, and so considered fine and pure (Job 28:16, 19; 31:24; Ps 45:10[EB 9]; Pr 25:12; SS 5:11; Isa 13:12; La 4:1; Da 10:5+)

כְּתֹּנֶת (ketō·něṯ) BDB: see 4189

4189 כֻּתֹּנֶת (kǔt·tō·něṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3801; TWOT 1058a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 tunic, garment, i.e., clothing as a covering more complete than a loincloth, a basic garment reaching the knees and so a common garment for common wear and work (Ge 3:21; SS 5:3); 2. LN 6.152–6.187 unit: כֻּתֹּנֶת פַּס (kǔt·tō·něṯ pǎs) special tunic, i.e., long robe with long sleeves, with a special focus that this garment is not “work clothing” (Ge 37:3, 23b, 32a; 2Sa 13:18, 19+), note: good argument can be given that tunic was special because it was a richly ornamented robe

4190 כָּתֵף (kā·ṯēp̄): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3802; TWOT 1059—1. LN 8.9–8.69 shoulder, i.e., the part of a four-footed animal that carries a load (Isa 30:6; 46:7); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 shoulder roast, i.e., a choice cut of meat (Eze 24:4); 3. LN 6.188–6.196 shoulder piece, i.e., a part of an ephod that covers the shoulders (Ex 28:7); 4. LN 1.46–1.50 slope, i.e., a descending side of a hill or elevated place (Jos 15:8); 5. LN 79.108 side, i.e., an area lateral to an object (1Ki 6:8); 6. LN 7.26–7.53 sidewall, wall, i.e., a construction as a part of a building (Eze 41:26); 7. LN 6.106–6.117 support, base, i.e., a part of a construction to hold something up as a piece of furniture (1Ki 7:30); 8. LN 8.9–8.69 arm, i.e., that which is the limb immediately connected to the shoulder blade (scapula) (Job 31:22); 9. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: בַּיִן כָּתֵף (bǎ·yin kā·ṯēp̄) the back, formally, between the shoulder blades, i.e., the area of the body that can carry loads (1Sa 17:6); 10. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: נָתַן כָּתֵף (nā·ṯǎn kā·ṯēp̄) refuse, formally, turn the back, i.e., an act. of stubbornness (Zec 7:11)

4191 כְּתֹף (keṯōp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8596; TWOT 2536a—3869 + 9512 (Job 21:12+), note: for cj, see 4183.6

כתר (ktr) Lisowsky, KB: see 4192, 4193

כּתר (ktr)[1] Holladay: see 4192

כּתר (ktr)[2] Holladay: see 4193

כּתר (ktr)[3] Holladay: see 4194

4192 I. כָּתַר (kā·ṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3803; TWOT 1060—LN 25.167–25.178 (piel imv.) bear with, formally, wait, i.e., have patience with someone as an extension of lengthening a duration of time by waiting (Job 36:2+)

4193 II. כָּתַר (kā·ṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3803; TWOT 1060—LN 15.146–15.147 (piel) surround, encircle, i.e., move several objects coordinated in a manner that results in a surrounding position around an object (Jdg 20:43; Ps 22:13[EB 12]+), note: this can be a threatening negative, or a positive movement and formation; (hif) gather about; hem in (Ps 142:8[EB 7]; Hab 1:4+)

4194 III. כָּתַר (kā·ṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3803; TWOT 1060—LN 49 (hif) crowned, i.e., wear an adornment which has been placed on the head (such as a circlet or turban), as a sign of high status (Pr 14:18+)

4195 כֶּתֶר (kě·ṯěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3804; TWOT 1060a—1. LN 6.188–6.196 royal headdress, high royal turban, i.e., a decorative wrap around the head (Est 1:11; 2:17+), note: “crown” as a translation should include a ftn that this is not the jeweled metal diadem as is invoked in the western thought and tradition; 2. LN 6.188–6.196 decorative crest, i.e., a decoration on a royal horse’s head (Est 6:8+)

4196 כֹּתֶרֶת (kō·ṯě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3805; TWOT 1060c—LN 7.26–7.53 capital, i.e., a top of a pillar or column, often with a decoration (1Ki 7:16–42 passim; 2Ki 25:17; 2Ch 4:12,13; Jer 52:22+)

כּתשׁ (ktš) or כתשׁ (ktš): see 4197

4197 כָּתַשׁ (kā·ṯǎš): v.; ≡ Str 3806; TWOT 1061—LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) grind, crush, i.e., pound in a mortar to fine particles (Pr 27:22+), note: here used as a metaphor of thorough reproof or rebuke, see also domain LN 33.417–33.422

כּתת (ktt) or כתת (ktt): see 4198

4198 כָּתַת (kā·ṯǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 3807; TWOT 1062—1. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) crush, grind, i.e., press or throw an object into fine pieces by grinding and pounding (Dt 9:21+); (qal pass.) crushed (Lev 22:24+); (piel) crush (2Ch 34:7+); 2. LN 19.34–19.42 (qal pass.) shattered, i.e., pertaining to the breaking of an object by hitting or throwing (Isa 30:14+); (piel) break in pieces (2Ki 18:4+); (hof) broken in pieces (Job 4:20; Isa 24:12; Mic 1:7+); 3. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal) pound, beat, i.e., strike an object to shape it (Joel 4:10[EB 3:10]+); (piel) beat, pound (Isa 2:4; Mic 4:3+); 4. LN 22.21–22.28 (piel) oppress, i.e., cause trouble and unfavorable circumstance, implying control over a defeated object (Zec 11:6+); (pual) be crushed (2Ch 15:6+); 5. LN 39.52–39.61 (qal) defeat severely, formally, crush, i.e., conquer a foe decisively as an extension of crushing an object to powder, or striking violently (Ps 89:24[EB 23]+); (hif) beat down (Nu 14:45; Dt 1:44+); (hof) be defeated (Jer 46:5+)

ל

4199 ל (l): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

4200 I. לְ־ (l): prep.; ≡ TWOT 1063—1. LN 84.16–84.28 to, toward, i.e., a marker of a spatial extension toward a goal (Ps 74:3); 2. LN 84.16–84.28 into, i.e., a marker of a spatial extension toward a goal which is inside an area (Jdg 9:21); 3. LN 83.46–83.47 on, i.e., a position on the surface of an area (Ex 25:7); 4. LN 83.9–83.17 among, i.e., a position within an area determined by other objects (Isa 4:3); 5. LN 89.55–89.64 in order to, i.e., a marker of intent often with the implication of an expected result (1Sa 15:21); 6. LN 89.39–89.54 so that, i.e., a marker of a result, implying a preceding process (Ex 13:21); 7. LN 89.76–89.78 by, by means, through, i.e., a marker of the means by which one event makes another event possible (Ge 34:7); 8. LN 90.21–90.28 concerning, about, with respect to, i.e., a marker of content as a means of specifying a particular referent (Jer 23:9); 9. LN 78.51–78.53 to the point, i.e., a marker of a degree extending to a particular point (2Sa 13:2); 10. LN 90.36–90.42 on behalf of, for, i.e., a marker of persons benefited by an event (1Sa 14:6); 11. LN 90.56–90.84 to, for, i.e., a marker of an involved experiencer (Ge 42:6); 12. LN 67.78–67.117 for, i.e., a marker of an extent of time (Est 4:14); 13. LN 67.142–67.162 at, on, for, i.e., a marker of a unit of time (2Ki 13:7); 14. LN 67.118–67.135 until, up to, i.e., a duration of time up to a certain point of time (Ex 34:25); 15. LN 89.8–89.11 according to, i.e., a marker of relation involving correspondence (Ge 1:11); 16. LN 89.4–89.7 namely, that is, specifically, i.e., a marker of a specific element bearing a relation to something else (Jer 1:18), note: further study may yield more domains

4201 II. לְ־ (l): adv.—LN 91.6–91.12 certainly, surely, i.e., a marker of emphasis, implying a contrast (Ecc 9:4; La 4:3), note: often sources identify as uses of 4200

4202 לֹא (lō(ʾ)): adv.; ≡ Str 3808; TWOT 1064—1. LN 69.2–69.6 no, i.e., a marker of a negative response to a question or statement (1Ki 3:22b); 2. LN 69.2–69.6 not, cannot, i.e., a marker of a negative proposition (Ge 47:18); 3. LN 69.2–69.6 unit: יַחַד לֹא (yǎ·ḥǎḏ lō(ʾ)) by no means, i.e., a marker of emphatic negation (Hos 11:7); 4. LN 69 unit: הֲ־ לֹא (hǎ- lō(ʾ)) marker expecting a yes answer to a question (1Sa 10:1); 5. LN 69 unit: אִם לֹא (ʾim lō(ʾ)) surely not, i.e., a marker of emphatic negation (Job 1:11); also part of a compound name, Lo Debar, see 4203; Lo-Ammi, see 4204; Lo-Ruhamah, see 4205; note: for NIV text in Job 9:33; Ps 55:13[EB 12], see 4273

4203 לֹא דָבָר (lō(ʾ) ḏā·ḇār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3810;—LN 93-place (loc.) Lo Debar: town in Gilead, E of the Jordan (Am 6:13+), see also 4203.5, 4274

לֹא דְבָר (lō(ʾ) ḏeḇār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3810;—LN 93-place (loc.) town in Gilead, E of the Jordan, (2Sa 17:27+), see also 4203, 4274

4204 לֹא עַמִּי (lō(ʾ) ʿǎm·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3818;—LN 93-pers. (male) Lo-Ammi: son of Hosea-Gomer (Hos 1:9+), note: some as “not my people” see 4202 + 6638

4205 לֹא רֻחָמָה (lō(ʾ) rǔ·ḥā·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3819;—LN 93-pers. (female) Lo-Ruhamah: son of Hosea-Gomer (Hos 1:6, 8+), note: some translate as “not my loved one,” see 4202 + 8171

לֻא (lǔ(ʾ)) BDB: see 4273 (2Sa 18:12 K)

לאה (lʾh): see 4206

4206 לָאָה (lā·ʾā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3811; TWOT 1066—1. LN 74 (qal) not be able, formally, be weary, i.e., not have the capacity to carry out a function or task, as an extension of being weary or tired, and so unable to respond with potency (Ge 19:11+); (nif) not be able (Ex 7:18; Jer 6:11; 15:6+); 2. LN 25.167–25.178 (qal) become emotionally tired, i.e., be in a state which will manifest negative emotions or attitudes such as impatience or discouragement (Job 4:2, 5+); (nif) become weary (Isa 1:14; Isa 16:12; 47:13; Jer 9:4[EB 5]; 20:9); (hif) cause emotional weariness (Job 16:7; Isa 7:13; Eze 24:12; Mic 6:3+); 3. LN 23.78–23.87 (hif) wear out, i.e., cause one to be physically tired (Jer 12:5+); 4. LN 88.246–88.251 (nif) lazy, formally, weary, i.e., refuse to engage in necessary activity as a lifestyle, as an extension of being physically tired (Pr 26:15+); 5. LN 57.37–57.48 (nif) lack, formally, be weary, i.e., be in a state of need, as an extension of being physically tired (Ps 68:10[EB 9]+)

4207 לֵאָה (lē·ʾā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3812;—LN 93-pers. (female) Leah: daughter of Laban, wife of Jacob (Ge 29:16–49:31 passim; Ru 4:11+)

לְאוֹם (leʾôm) BDB: see 4211

4208 לָאז (lā(ʾ)z): p. (demonstrative); ≡ Str 1975; TWOT 497—LN 92.29–92.36 that, i.e., a marker of a person or object that is relatively distant (1Sa 20:19 cj+), note: for MT text, see 262, see also BHS ftn; note: some sources change text to “that mound” or “yonder mound”

4209 לָאַט (lā·ʾǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 3813; TWOT 1067—LN 79.114–79.117 (qal pf. 3ms.) cover the face, i.e., the act. of hiding an object with the hands or cloth (2Sa 19:5[EB 4]+), note: for another parsing, see 4286 (qal); note: Jdg 4:21 see 4319

לְאַט (leʾǎṭ), לְאָט (leʾāṭ), לָאַט (lā·ʾǎṭ): see 4200 + 351

לְאט (lʾṭ), לָאט (lā(ʾ)ṭ): see 4319 (Jdg 4:21)

לְאִיתִיאֵל (leʾî·ṯî·ʾēl): see 4200 + 417 (Pr 30:1+)

4210 לָאֵל (lā·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3815;—LN 93-pers. (male) Lael: father of Eliasaph, Levite leader (Nu 3:24+)

4211 לְאֹם (leʾōm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3816; TWOT 1069a—LN 11.1–11.11 people, nation, i.e., a population group of a general kind (Ge 25:23), note: Ps 44:15[EB 14]; 57:10[EB 9]; 108:4[EB 3] see 1153 + 569; note: for BHS ftn text, 4212

4212 לְאֻמִּים (leʾǔm·mîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3817;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Leummite: people of Dedan, grandson of Abraham-Keturah (Ge 25:3+)

4213 לֵב (lēḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3820; TWOT 1071a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 heart, i.e., the blood pumping organ of the body (Ps 38:11[EB 10]; Hos 13:8); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 chest, formally, heart, i.e., the thorax cavity of a creature (Job 41:16[EB 24]); 3. LN 26 heart, mind, soul, spirit, self, i.e., the source of life of the inner person in various aspects, with a focus on feelings, thoughts, volition, and other areas of the inner life (Isa 57:15; Ecc 2:1); 4. LN 83.9–83.17 middle, center, midst, formally, heart, i.e., a position among or in the middle, relatively to other points of space (Ex 15:9); 5. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: (qal) אָבַד לֵב (ʾā·ḇǎḏ lēḇ) lose courage, formally, ruin of heart, i.e., be in a state of hopelessness, lacking confidence in a future situation (Jer 4:9); 6. LN 88.262–88.270 unit: (qal) אָבַד אֵת לֵב (ʾā·ḇǎḏ ʾēṯ lēḇ) internal corruption, formally, ruin the heart, i.e., engage in a behavior which is a moral deviation from what is right (Ecc 7:7); 7. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: לֵב אַבִּיר (lēḇ ʾǎb·bîr) stubborn-hearted one, obstinate one, stubborn, formally, strong of heart, i.e., one who refuses to change attitude or action (Isa 46:12+), note: in context, this is a refusal to change to a right behavior or attitude; 8. LN 30.1–30.38 unit: אָמַר בְּ־ לֵב (ʾā·mǎr b- lēḇ) think, formally, say in the heart, i.e., to think or have a thought (Ge 17:17); 9. LN 30.86–30.107 unit: (qal) בָּדָא מִן לֵב ־ֹו (bā·ḏā(ʾ) min lēḇ ō-w) choose, formally, devise in his heart, i.e., choose between several options (1Ki 12:33 K+); 10. LN 13.67 unit: בָּרָא לְ־ ־ִי טָהוֹר לֵב (bā·rā(ʾ) l- i-y ṭā·hôr lēḇ) restore my purity, formally, make for me a pure heart, i.e., bring back to a prior state (Ps 51:12[EB 10]+); 11. LN 36.31–36.43 unit: לֵב בָּשָׂר (lēḇ bā·śār) responsive, formally, heart of flesh, i.e., have a response to God, with a focus on being alive, as a figurative extension of having a heart made of soft-tissue and alive, also so can be flexible, or penetrated (Eze 11:19; 36:26+); 12. LN 24.102–24.115 unit: (qal) יָטַב לֵב (yā·ṭǎḇ lēḇ) enjoy, be cheered, formally, good of heart, i.e., be in a positive, glad attitude (1Ki 21:7); (hif) enjoy (Jdg 19:22); 13. LN 25.223–25.250 unit: יָצָא לֵב (yā·ṣā(ʾ) lēḇ) be worried, formally, heart goes out, i.e., be in a state of anxiety and distress (Ge 42:28); 14. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: (qal) כָּבֵד (kā·ḇēḏ) … לֵב (lēḇ) be unresponsive, formally, harden the heart, i.e., be morally stubborn regarding a change of action or attitude (Ex 9:7); 15. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: (hif) כָּבֵד (kā·ḇēḏ) … לֵב (lēḇ) cause to be unresponsive, formally, harden the heart, i.e., be morally stubborn regarding a change of action or attitude (Ex 8:11); 16. LN 29.16–29.18 unit: לוּחַ לֵב (lûaḥ lēḇ) permanent memory, formally, tablet of the heart, i.e., a remembering and keeping of something, with an implication of a remembering a prior relationship as in a covenant, as a figurative extension of a stone writing tablet (Pr 3:3; 7:3; Jer 17:1+); 17. LN 32.24–32.41 unit: מְגִנָּה לֵב (meḡin·nā(h) lēḇ) insolence, stubbornness, formally, veil on heart, i.e., the figurative extension of blindness as a matter of understanding (La 3:65+), see also domain LN 79.114–79.117; 18. LN 25.270–25.287 unit: נְהָמָה לֵב (nehā·mā(h) lēḇ) anguish, formally, groaning of the heart, i.e., in a state of mental sorrow and affliction (Ps 38:9[EB 8]+); 19. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: סְגוֹר לֵב (seḡôr lēḇ) pericardium, formally, encasement of the heart, i.e., the sack that surrounds the organ of the heart and the major artery and vessel connections (Hos 13:8+), note: this may have a more general meaning of the viscera or insides; 20. LN 22.15–22.20 unit: פּוּקָה (pû·qā(h)) … לֵב (lēḇ) emotional burden, formally, staggering of heart, i.e., the experience of distressing situation (1Sa 25:31+); 21. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: קָשֶׁה לֵב (qā·šě(h) lēḇ) stubborn, obstinate, formally, hard of heart, i.e., pertaining to being obdurate (stubborn) and not changing an attitude or behavior (Eze 3:7+); 22. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: (hif) קָשַׁח לֵב (qā·šǎḥ lēḇ) harden the heart, i.e., cause one to not respond in belief or action, and cause to be stubborn (Isa 63:17+); 23. LN 88.206–88.222 unit: רָחָב לֵב (rā·ḥāḇ lēḇ) proud, haughty, formally, wide of heart, i.e., pertaining to an exalted view of self that is improper and so a moral failure (Pr 21:4+), see also 4222; 24. also part of a compound name, Leb Kamai, see 4214; note: further study may yield more domains

4214 לֵב קָמָי (lēḇ qā·māy): n.pr. [oth n.masc. + n.loc.]; ≡ Str 3820, 6965;—LN 93-place (loc.) Leb Kamai: Chaldea as a cryptic spelling or cipher (Jer 51:1+), note: most versions ftn this interpretation; KJV translates as common nouns

4215 לָבֹא (lā·ḇō(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 935; TWOT 212—LN 83.33–83.41 entrance, portal, border edge, i.e., a spatial position which opens up into another particular area (Nu 13:21; 34:8; Jos 13:5; Jdg 3:3; 1Ki 8:65; 2Ki 14:25; 1Ch 5:9; 13:5; 2Ch 7:8; 26:8; 33:14; Eze 47:15, 20; 48:1; Am 6:14+), note: others parse n.pr., see 4217; or 4200 + 995

לָבָא (lā·ḇā(ʾ)) Lisowsky: see 4216

4216 לֶבֶא (lě·ḇě(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3833; TWOT 1070b, 1070c—LN 4.1–4.37 lion, i.e., a large male mammal, Panthera leo either of Africa or Asia, with a focus on the ferocity of the animal (Ps 57:5[EB 4]+), see also 4218, 4232-4

4217 לְבֹא חֲמָת (leḇō(ʾ) ḥǎmāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2574;—LN 93-place (loc.) Lebo Hamath: city on the N boundary of Canaan (Nu 13:21; 34:8; Jos 13:5; Jdg 3:3; 1Ki 8:65; 2Ki 14:25; 1Ch 13:5; 2Ch 7:8; Eze 47:15, 20; 48:1; Am 6:14+)

לְבָאָה (leḇā·ʾā(h)) Lisowsky: see 4218

4218 לִבְאָה (liḇ·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3833; TWOT 1070b—LN 4.1–4.37 lioness, i.e., a large female mammal, Panthera leo either of Africa or Asia (Na 2:13[EB 12]+), see also 4216

4219 לְבָאוֹת (leḇā·ʾôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3822;—LN 93-place (loc.) Lebaoth: 1. town in Negev of Judah (Jos 15:32+), possibly see also 1106, 1082; 2. also, a part of a compound name, Beth Lebaoth, see 1106

I. לבב (lbb): see 4220

II. לבב (lbb): see 4221

4220 I. לָבַב (lā·ḇǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 3823; TWOT 1071, 1071d—1. LN 30.1–30.38 (nif) be made intelligent, have an intellect, with a possible implication of a capacity of understanding (Job 11:12+), see also domain LN 32.24–32.41; 2. LN 25.33–25.58 (piel) cause to love, cause to be infatuated, formally, steal one’s heart from a lover’sing. glance, i.e., to entice by gesture and meeting of the eyes (SS 4:9+), note: this is a seduction with no focus on immorality

4221 II. לָבַב (lā·ḇǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 3823; TWOT 1071—LN 46 (piel) bake special-shaped bread, i.e., bread loaves the shape of a dumpling, or some such shape (2Sa 13:6, 8+)

4222 לֵבָב (lē·ḇāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3824; TWOT 1071a—1. LN 26 heart, mind, soul, spirit, self, i.e., the source of the life of the inner person in various aspects, with a focus on feelings, thoughts, volition, and other areas of inner life (Dt 2:30); 2. LN 83.9–83.17 middle, center, midst, formally, heart, i.e., a position among or in the middle, relatively to other points of space (Jnh 2:4[EB 3]); 3. LN 26 conscience, i.e., the psychological faculty to distinguish right and wrong (Ge 20:5); 4. LN 8.9–8.69 chest, formally, heart, i.e., the thorax cavity of a creature (Na 2:8[EB 7]); 5. LN 31.8–31.13 unit: גָּנַב אֵת לֵבָב (gā·nǎḇ ʾēṯ lē·ḇāḇ) deceived, formally, steal the heart, i.e., cause one to hold a wrong opinion or belief (Ge 31:26+); 6. LN 39.34–39.41 unit: לֵבָב (lē·ḇāḇ) … עָרֵל (ʿā·rēl) rebellious, formally, uncircumcised heart, i.e., pertaining to rising up in open defiance to authority (Lev 26:41+); 7. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: מָסַס אֵת לֵבָב (mā·sǎs ʾēṯ lē·ḇāḇ) be discouraged, formally, lose heart, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of loss of hope and so be in emotional distress (Dt 1:28; 20:8+); 8. LN 92.6–92.10 unit: לֵבָב ־ךָ (lē·ḇāḇ ḵā) yourself, formally, your heart, a reflexive reference to receptor, as a figurative extension of the heart as the inner self (Dt 7:17); 9. LN 88.39–88.45 unit: יֹשֶׁר לֵבָב (yō·šěr lē·ḇāḇ) integrity, sincerity, formally, straightness of heart, i.e., honesty as a moral quality (Dt 9:5); 10. LN 88.289–88.318 unit: פָּתָה לֵבָב (pā·ṯā(h) lē·ḇāḇ) enticed, formally, seduce the heart, i.e., lure or coax one into sin (Dt 11:16+); 11. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: אָמֵץ אֵת לֵבָב (ʾā·mēṣ ʾēṯ lē·ḇāḇ) hardhearted, formally, strong of heart, i.e., pertaining to being unresponsive or stubborn (Dt 15:7); 12. LN 88.206–88.222 unit: רוּם לֵבָב (rûm lē·ḇāḇ) proud, consider oneself better, formally, lift high the heart, have an improper haughtiness and arrogance, ascribing high status to oneself falsely (Dt 17:20); 13. LN 25.251–25.269 unit: רָכַךְ לֵבָב (rā·ḵǎḵ lē·ḇāḇ) fainthearted, i.e., be afraid or distressed (Dt 20:3); 14. LN 25.251–25.269 unit: רַךְ הַ־ לֵבָב (rǎḵ hǎ- lē·ḇāḇ) fainthearted, i.e., be afraid or distressed (Dt 20:8); 15. LN 25.116–25.134 unit: בְּ־ טוּב לֵבָב (b- ṭûḇ lē·ḇāḇ) gladly, formally, good of heart, i.e., a joyful, happy feeling or attitude (Dt 28:47+); 16. LN 30.1–30.38 unit: בְּ־ לֵבָב (b- lē·ḇāḇ) … אָמַר (ʾā·mǎr) 1 think, formally, say in the heart, i.e., process information (Dt 29:18[EB 19]); 17. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: רָעַע לֵבָב (rā·ʿǎʿ lē·ḇāḇ) downhearted, formally, bad of heart, i.e., be in a feeling or attitude of depression or discouragement (1Sa 1:8); 18. LN 34.22–34.30 unit: הָיָה (hā·yā(h)) … לֵבָב לְ־ יַחַד (lē·ḇāḇ l- yǎ·ḥǎḏ) united, formally, be of one heart, i.e., be in an association with another (1Ch 12:18[EB 17]+); 19. LN 25.146–25.155 unit: דָּבַר עַל לֵבָב (dā·ḇǎr ʿǎl lē·ḇāḇ) encourage, formally, speak to the heart, i.e., cause another to be consoled or courageous (2Ch 32:6)see also 4213; note: further study may yield more domains

4223 לְבִבָה (leḇi·ḇā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 3834; TWOT 1071c—LN 5.1–5.22 pl. special bread, i.e., a food possibly in the shape of dumplings (2Sa 13:6, 8, 10+), note: not likely as a standard “valentine heart-shape” of bread

4224 לְבַד (leḇǎḏ): n.masc. + prep.—see 4200 + 963

4225 לַבָּה (lǎb·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3827; TWOT 1077b—LN 2.3–2.6 flame, i.e., the gaseous burning part of a fire (Ex 3:2+)

4226 לִבָּה (lib·bā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 3826; TWOT 1071b—1. LN 26 heart, i.e., the inner-self, with a focus on the volitional or possibly thinking elements of a person (Eze 16:30+); 2. LN 88.83–88.92 unit: אָמַל לִבָּה (ʾā·mǎl lib·bā(h)) weak-willed, formally, languished of heart, i.e., pertaining to a lack of self-control, implying moral impurity (Eze 16:30+), note: for another interp, see next; 3. LN 88.171–88.191 rage, anger, i.e., have a strong displeasure of a behavior or person (Eze 16:30+); 4. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: מָלֵא לִבָּה (mā·lē(ʾ) lib·bā(h)) very angry, formally, fill with rage, i.e., to have a very strong feeling of displeasure (Eze 16:30+), note: this interp requires a change of text for the verb, see BDB 525

4227 I. לְבוֹנָה (leḇô·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3828; TWOT 1074d—LN 6.197–6.202 frankincense, libanum, i.e., a fragrant, milky, resinous gum in granules or globules from trees of the genus Boswellia carterii or B. papyrifera or B. thurifera of the family Burseraceae (related to the Turpentine trees), crushed to powder and used as incense (1Ch 9:29; Ne 13:5, 9; SS 3:6; 4:6, 14; Isa 43:23; 60:6; Jer 6:20; 17:26; 41:5+), see also 4247

4228 II. לְבוֹנָה (leḇô·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3829;—LN 93-place (loc.) Lebonah: town between Shiloh and Shechem, (Jdg 21:19+)

4229 לָבוּשׁ (lā·ḇûš): adj. [BDB: qal ptcp.pass. of 4252]; ≡ Str 3830; TWOT 1075a—LN 49 clothed, dressed, i.e., pertaining to wearing clothing (1Sa 17:5; Pr 31:21; Isa 14:19; Eze 9:2, 3, 11; 10:2, 6, 7; 23:6, 12; 38:4; Da 10:5; 12:6, 7; Zec 3:3+)

4230 לְבוּשׁ (leḇûš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3830; TWOT 1075a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 clothing, garment, i.e., what one is clothed with (Ge 49:11), note: appar. a general word for any garment, whether common garb or priestly or royal robe, male or female; 2. LN 13.1–13.47 clothed, adorned, i.e., the state of being of a person and their character as a figurative extension of wearing clothes (Pr 31:25); 3. LN 6.152–6.187 unit: מַד ־ֹו לְבוּשׁ (mǎḏ ō-w leḇûš) military clothing (2Sa 20:8); 4. LN 6.152–6.187 unit: פָּנֶה לְבוּשׁ (pā·ně(h) leḇûš) coat, i.e., a garment specifically for outer garb (Job 41:5[EB 13]); 5. LN 49 unit: נָתַן לְבוּשׁ (nā·ṯǎn leḇûš) put on clothing (Ps 69:12[EB 11]; Isa 63:1)

לבט (lbṭ): see 4231

4231 לָבַט (lā·ḇǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 3832; TWOT 1072—LN 20.12–20.30 (nif) come to ruin, formally, be trampled or trodden down, i.e., destruction and chaos in a personal life as a figurative extension of being pressed upon by trampling (Pr 10:8, 10; Hos 4:14+)

4232 לְבִי (leḇî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3833; TWOT 1070b—LN 4.1–4.37 lion (Ps 57:5[EB 4]; Na 2:13[EB 12]+), note: this is an alt. lex. form in BDB, see 4216 or 4218

4233 לָבִיא (lā·ḇî(ʾ)): n.[masc.] or poss. [fem.]; ≡ Str 3833; TWOT 1070b—LN 4.1–4.37 lion, i.e., a large male mammal, Panthera leo either of Africa or Asia (Ge 49:9; Nu 23:24; 24:9; Dt 33:20; Job 4:11; 38:39; Isa 5:29; 30:6; Hos 13:8; Joel 1:6; Na 2:12[EB 11]+), see 4216, note: in some contexts this may be a female

4234 לְבִיָּא (leḇiy·yā(ʾ)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3833; TWOT 1070b—LN 4.1–4.37 lioness, i.e., a large female mammal, Panthera leo either of Africa or Asia (Eze 19:2+), see also 4216

לֻבִים (lǔ·ḇîm) BDB: see 4275

I. לבן (lbn): see 4235

I. לבן (lbn): see 4236

4235 I. לָבַן (lā·ḇǎn): v.; ≡ Str 3835; TWOT 1074b, 1074h—1. LN 79.26–79.38 (hif) be white, i.e., be in the state of the white color as the feature of an object, with the associative meaning of pureness or innocence (Ps 51:9[EB 7]; Isa 1:18; Joel 1:7+); 2. LN 88.24–88.35 (hif) be made spotless, i.e., be in a morally pure state (Da 11:35+); (hitp) purified, show oneself spotless, i.e., to be in a morally pure state (Da 12:10+)

4236 II. לָבַן (lā·ḇǎn): v.; ≡ Str 3835; TWOT 1074b—LN 45 (qal) make bricks, i.e., a process of sun baking or kiln baking clay earth, sometimes mixing with vegetable matter to make stronger, as a building material (Ge 11:3; Ex 5:7, 14+), see also domain LN 7.77–7.79

4237 I. לָבָן (lā·ḇān): adj.; ≡ Str 3836; TWOT 1074a—1. LN 79.26–79.38 white, i.e., pertaining to the color white, as the feature of an object (Ge 30:35); 2. LN 79.26–79.38 unit: לָבָן אֲדַמְדָּם (lā·ḇān ʾǎḏǎm·dām) reddish-white, i.e., pertaining to the color of an object (Lev 13:19b, 24a, 42, 43+)

4238 II. לָבָן (lā·ḇān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3837;—LN 93-pers. (male) Laban: brother of Rebekah, father-in-law of Jacob (Ge 24:29)

4239 III. לָבָן (lā·ḇān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3837;—LN 93-place (loc.) Laban: place E of the Jordan (Dt 1:1+)

4240 לַבֵּן (lǎb·bēn): n.pr.—see 4637.5 (as a title) Labben: part of a compound name, Muth-labben (Ps 9:1[EB title]+)

4241 לְבָנָהא (leḇā·nāh(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3838;—LN 93-pers. (male) Lebana: ancestor of temple servants in the days of Ezra and Nehemiah (Ne 7:48+), note: a v.r. in BDB, see 4245

4242 לִבְנֶה (liḇ·ně(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3839; TWOT 1074f—LN 3.2–3.12 tree with white under bark: (most versions) poplar tree; (NEB) white poplar; (KB, Holladay, Lisowsky, LXX) storax tree, a tree or shrub with usually hairy leaves and white flowers, and drooping branch ends Styrax officinalis (Ge 30:37; Hos 4:13+)

4243 לִבְנָה (liḇ·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3841;—LN 93-place (loc.) Libnah: 1. town in the western foothills of Judah (Jos 10:29; 2Ki 8:22; 19:8; Isa 37:8) 2. stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:20, 21+)

4244 I. לְבָנָה (leḇā·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3842; TWOT 1074c—LN 1.26–1.33 full moon, i.e., a phase of the moon, which on a clear night is bright and white in appearance (SS 6:10; Isa 24:23; 30:26+)

4245 II. לְבָנָה (leḇā·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3838;—LN 93-pers. (male) Lebanah: ancestor of temple servants in the days of Ezra and Nehemiah (Ezr 2:45; (Lebana NIV) Ne 7:48+)

4246 לְבֵנָה (leḇē·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3840, 3843; TWOT 1074g—1. LN 7.77–7.79 brick, i.e., a sun-dried, building material for construction; made of clay, can be mixed with stabilizing material such as straw (Ge 11:3; Ex 1:14; 5:7, 8, 16, 18, 19; Isa 9:9[EB 10]; 65:3+); 2. LN 7.77–7.79 tile, mosaic pavement, i.e., a patterned tile of pavement as a beautiful floor (Ex 24:10+); 3. LN 6.14–6.22 clay writing tablet, i.e., an object used to write or draw a communication (Eze 4:1+), note: some sources translate “flagstone” as a natural paving stone

4247 לְבֹנָה (leḇō·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3828; TWOT 1074d—LN 6.197–6.202 frankincense, libanum, i.e., a fragrant, milky, resinous gum in granules or globules from trees of the genus Boswellia carterii or B. papyrifera or B. thurifera of the family Burseraceae (related to the Turpentine trees), crushed to powder and used as incense (Ex 30:34; Lev 2:1, 2, 15, 16; 5:11; 6:8[EB 15]; 24:7; Nu 5:15; Isa 66:3+)

4248 לְבָנוֹן (leḇā·nôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3844; TWOT 1074e—LN 93-place (terr) Lebanon: region N of Israel (Dt 1:7)

4249 I. לִבְנִי (liḇ·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3845;—LN 93-pers. (male) Libni: 1. of Merari (1Ch 6:14[EB 29]+), note: possibly same as 2. 2. Levite son of Gershon (Ex 6:17; Nu 3:18; 1Ch 6:2[EB 17]; 6:5[EB 20]+), see also 4356(2.)

4250 II. לִבְנִי (liḇ·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3846;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Libnite: pertaining to Libni 2 (Nu 3:21; 26:58+)

4251 לִבְנָת (liḇ·nāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7884;—LN 93-place (a river or loc.) Libnath: part of a compound name, Shihor Libnath, see 8866

לבשׁ (lbš): see 4252

4252 לָבַשׁ (lā·ḇǎš): v.; ≡ Str 3847; TWOT 1075—1. LN 49 (qal) dress, clothe, i.e., have a covering over the body, or a part of the body, commonly fabric, but also many other materials (Ge 28:20); (pual) be dressed (1Ki 22:10; 2Ch 5:12; 18:9; Ezr 3:10+); (hif) clothe, dress another (1Sa 17:38); 2. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) state, i.e., be in a certain state (or existence?) as an extension of wearing or putting on clothing (Jdg 6:34); (hif) cause a state, formally, clothe, (Job 10:11; 39:19; Ps 132:16, 18; Isa 50:3; 61:10), note: (qal pass.) see 4229

לָבֵשׁ (lā·ḇēš): see 4252

לָבֻשׁ (lā·ḇǔš): see 4229

לְבֻשׁ (leḇǔš): see 4230

לַבַּת־אֵשׁ (lǎb·bǎṯ-·ʾēš) BDB: see 4225

4253 לֹג (lōḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3849; TWOT 1076—LN 81.20–81.24 log, i.e., a liquid measure of about 1/3 of a liter (a short pint, about one to two measuring cups of liquid) (Lev 14:10, 12, 15, 21, 24+)

4254 לֹד (lōḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3850;—LN 93-place (loc.) Lod: town in the western foothills of Judah near Joppa, (1Ch 8:12; Ezr 2:33; Ne 7:37; 11:35+), see also DBLGrk 3375

4255 לִדְבִר (liḏ·ḇir): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1688;—LN 93-place (loc.) (Tanakh) Lidbir (Jos 13:26+), note: most versions 4200 + 1810, or (NEB, NJB, NEB, REB, Tanakh ftn) as 4274

4256 לֵדָה (lē·ḏā(h)): n.[fem.] [BDB: qal inf.cs. of 3528]; ≡ Str 3205; TWOT 867—LN 23.46–23.60 birthing delivery, giving birth, i.e., the act. of labor in childbearing (2Ki 19:3; Isa 37:3; Jer 13:21; Hos 9:11+)

4257 לֹה (lō(h)): pt.; ≡ Str 3808; TWOT 1064—LN 69 unit: הֲ־ לֹה (hǎ- lō(h)) yes, i.e., a marker expecting a yes answer (Dt 3:11+), see also 2132

4258 לַהַב (lǎ·hǎḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3851; TWOT 1077, 1077a—1. LN 2.3–2.6 flame of fire, i.e., the glowing gaseous part of the fire (Jdg 13:20; Job 41:13[EB 21]; Isa 13:8; 29:6; 66:15+); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 blade, i.e., a flat broad cutting part of a knife or sword (Jdg 3:22+); 3. LN 14.36–14.52 flash, gleam, i.e., a flash of light reflecting off the blade of a sword or spear (Job 39:23; Na 3:3+); 4. LN 2.3–2.6 unit: לַהַב אֵשׁ אָכַל (lǎ·hǎḇ ʾēš ʾā·ḵǎl) consuming fire, i.e., a very hot and self-sustaining fire, with focus on its destructive qualities (Isa 30:30; Joel 2:5+)

4259 לֶהָבָה (lě·hā·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3852; TWOT 1077b—1. LN 2.3–2.6 blaze, i.e., a fire with a focus on the burning and destructive qualities (Nu 21:28; Ps 106:18; Jer 48:45; Da 11:33); 2. LN 2.3–2.6 flame, i.e., the gaseous burning part of a fire (Ps 83:15[EB 14]; Isa 4:5; 5:24; 10:17; 43:2; 47:14; La 2:3; Eze 21:3[EB 20:47]; Hos 7:6; Joel 1:19; 2:3; Ob 18+), note: there may be overlap in some contexts with prior entry; 3. LN 6.29–6.40 spear point, i.e., the metal head on the end of a weapon (1Sa 17:7+); 4. LN 14.15–14.16 flash of lightning (Ps 29:7; 105:32+)

4260 לְהָבִים (lehā·ḇîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3853;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Lehabite: of Ham, people of N coast of Africa W of Egypt (Ge 10:13; 1Ch 1:11+), note: some relate also 4275

4261 לַהַג (lǎ·hǎḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3854; TWOT 1078a—LN 27.34–27.47 study, examination, i.e., an intense effort, trying to learn information, implying devotion and attentive desire to learn (Ecc 12:12+)

4262 לָהַד (lā·hǎḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3855;—LN 93-pers. (male) Lahad: of Judah (1Ch 4:2+)

לההּ (lhh) Holladay: see 4263

להה (lhh): see 4263, 4264

4263 לָהַהּ (lā·hǎh): v.; ≡ Str 3856; TWOT 1079—LN 30.1–30.38 (hitp) behave like a madman, i.e., to think and so behave in an irrational manner (Pr 26:18+), note: for another parsing (no change in meaning), see 4271

4264 לָהָה (lā·hā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3856; TWOT 1079—LN 23.142–23.184 (qal impf. 3fs.) languish, faint, i.e., be in an unhealthy state, weak and lacking vitality (Ge 47:13+), note: some parse as of the root 3532

להט (lhṭ): see 4265, 4266

להט (lhṭ)[1] Holladay: see 4265

להט (lhṭ)[2] Holladay: see 4266

4265 I. לָהַט (lā·hǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 3857; TWOT 1081—LN 14.63–14.73 (qal) flame, i.e., be in a state of a fire flame, sometimes with an implication that contact brings destruction (Ps 104:4+), see also 4266; (piel) set afire, set ablaze, burn up, consume with fire (Dt 32:22; Job 41:13[EB 21]; Ps 83:15[EB 14]; 97:3; 106:18; Isa 42:25; Joel 1:19; 2:3; Mal 3:19[EB 4:1]+)

4266 II. לָהַט (lā·hǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 3857; TWOT 1081—LN 20.1–20.11 (qal ptcp.) devouring, formally, swallow, i.e., pertaining to animals that violently kill and eat prey (Ps 57:5[EB 4]+), note: NIV translates the ptcp. as “ravenous beast”

4267 לַהַט (lǎ·hǎṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3858; TWOT 1081a—1. LN 2.3–2.6 flame, blaze, i.e., the gaseous burning part of a fire (Ge 3:24+); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 unit: לַהַט הַ־ חֶרֶב (lǎ·hǎṭ hǎ- ḥě·rěḇ) flaming sword, i.e., a supernatural weapon which could bring swift and deadly destruction (Ge 3:24+)

4268 לְהָטִים (lehā·ṭîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3858; TWOT 1081a—LN 53.96–53.101 pl. secret arts, sorceries, enchantments, i.e., one who gives incantations, with a focus on the secret nature of the magic (Ex 7:11+)

להם (lhm): see 4269

4269 לָהַם (lā·hǎm): v.; ≡ Str 3859; TWOT 1082—LN 23.1–23.39 (hitp ptcp.) eating things that taste good (Pr 18:8; 26:22+), note: for another parsing as n.masc., see 5505.6

לָהֶן (lā·hěn): see 4200 + 2177.5 (Job 30:24)

4270 לָהֵן (lā·hēn): c.—LN 89.15–89.38 therefore, i.e., a marker of relation (Ru 1:13+), note: oth parse as 4200 + 2176; see also 10385

4271 לִהְלֵהַּ (lih·lēah): v.; ≡ Str 3856; TWOT 1079—LN 30.1–30.38 (hitpalpel ptcp.) (Pr 26:18+), note: for another parsing (with same meaning), see 4263; note: lexical form in BDB has four radicals

4272 לַהֲקָה (lǎ·hǎqā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3862; TWOT 1084—LN 11.12–11.54 elite of a group, i.e., a band of persons that are the elite of a larger group, so implying being the senior and so venerable of that group (1Sa 19:20+), note: see BHS ftn, changing text to 7736

4273 לוּ (lû): c.; ≡ Str 3863; TWOT 1085—LN 89.65–89.70 if!, if only!, O that!, i.e., a marker of an emphatic condition real or hypothetical, actual or contrary to fact, with an implication that the speaker is deeply involved in the setting (Ge 17:18; 23:13; 30:34; 50:15; Nu 14:2; 20:3; 22:29; Dt 32:29; Jos 7:7; Jdg 8:19; 13:23; 1Sa 14:30; 2Sa 18:12; 19:7[EB 6]; Job 6:2; 16:4; Ps 81:14[EB 13]; Isa 48:18; 63:19; Eze 14:15; Mic 2:11+), note: for MT text in Job 9:33; Ps 55:13[EB 12], see 4202

לוֹ (lô) BDB: see 4202 1Sa 2:16 K; 20:2 K

4274 לוֹ דְבָר (lô ḏeḇār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3810;—LN 93-place (loc.) Lo Debar: town in Gilead, E of the Jordan, (2Sa 9:4, 5+), see also 4203.5, 4203

לוֹא (lô(ʾ)) BDB: see 4273 (1Sa 14:30; 2Sa 18:12; 19:7[EB 6]; Isa 48:18; 63:19[EB 64:1])

4275 לוּב (lûḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3864; TWOT 1086—LN 93-pers. (gent.) pl. Libyan, note: some also relate 4260; note: for MT text in Isa 66:19, see 7039; see also 3915

לוּבִים (lû·ḇîm) BDB: see 4275

4276 לוּד (lûḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3865, 3866;—LN 93-pers. 1. (male) Lud: son of Shem (Ge 10:22; 1Ch 1:17+) 2. (gent.) Ludite, Lydian, of Lud, i.e., a people residing somewhere in the NE Africa (Ge 10:13; 1Ch 1:11; Isa 66:19; Jer 46:9; Eze 27:10; 30:5+)

לוּדִים (lû·ḏîm): see 4276

I. לוה (lwh): see 4277

II. לוה (lwh): see 4278

4277 I. לָוָה (lā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3867; TWOT 1087, 1088—LN 34.22–34.30 (qal) accompany in association (Ecc 8:15+); (nif) be joined, be attached, be bound to one in a relationship (Ge 29:34; Nu 18:2, 4; Est 9:27; Ps 83:9[EB 8]; Isa 14:1; 56:3, 6; Jer 50:5; Da 11:34; Zec 2:15[EB 11]+)

4278 II. לָוָה (lā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3867; TWOT 1087—1. LN 57.209–57.218 (qal) borrow, i.e., receive money from a lender, with an express intention of paying back the same or more (Dt 28:12b; Ne 5:4; Ps 37:21; Pr 22:7a; Isa 24:2b+); 2. LN 57.209–57.218 (hif) lend, i.e., to give money or goods to a lender, with the express intention of being paid back an equivalent or greater amount (Ex 22:24[EB 25]; Dt 28:12a, 44; Ne 5:4; Ps 37:26; 112:5; Pr 19:17; 22:7b; Isa 24:2a+)

לוז (lwz): see 4279

4279 I. לוּז (lûz): v.; ≡ Str 3868; TWOT 1090—1. LN 13.48–13.68 (qal) cease, formally, be lost, i.e., have a state no longer exist as an extension of having an object be lost (by going down an unseen path) and out of one’s sight (Pe 3:21+); (hif) departed (Pr 4:21+); 2. LN 88.152–88.159 (nif) devious, perverse, formally, lost, i.e., pertaining to being misleading from correct behavior, as an extension of being on an incorrect path (Pr 2:15; 3:32; 14:2; Isa 30:12+)

4280 II. לוּז (lûz): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3869; TWOT 1090b—LN 3.2–3.12 a nut bearing tree with white inner wood under the bark (most versions) almond tree, i.e., a small tree bearing a drupe or stone fruit, with a fruit with an edible kernel as a nut, Prunis amygdalus communis (Ge 30:37+); (KJV) hazel, note: possibly a walnut tree

4281 III. לוּז (lûz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3870;—LN 93-place (loc.) Luz: 1. town about a dozen miles north of Jerusalem, (Ge 28:19; 35:6; 48:3; Jos 16:2; 18:13; Jdg 1:23+), see also 1078(1.) 2. town in the land of the Hittites (Jdg 1:26+)

4282 לוּזָה (lû·zā(h)): n.pr.—see 4281 + 2025 (loc.) (Jos 16:2; 18:13+)

4283 לוּחַ (lûaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3871; TWOT 1091a—1. LN 6.54–6.67 stone tablets, i.e., a stone surface for inscribing words with a chiseling tool (Ex 24:12); 2. LN 7.77–7.79 board, panel, i.e., a finished piece of wood used in construction (Ex 27:8; 38:7; SS 8:9; Eze 27:5+); 3. LN 6.188–6.196 metal plate, i.e., a metal surface used for ornamental carving for ornamental adornment of a building (1Ki 7:36+); 4. LN 29.16–29.18 unit: לוּחַ לֵב (lûaḥ lēḇ) permanent memory, formally, tablet of the heart, i.e., a remembering and keeping of something, with an implication of remembering a prior relationship as in a covenant, as a figurative extension of a stone-writing tablet (Pr 3:3; 7:3; Jer 17:1+)

4284 לוּחִית (lû·ḥîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3872;—LN 93-place (loc.) Luhith: town in Moab (Isa 15:5; Jer 48:5+)

4285 לוֹחֵשׁ (lô·ḥēš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3873;—LN 93-pers. (male) Lohesh: a BDB lex. form for 2135

לוט (lwṭ): see 4286

4286 לוּט (lûṭ): v.; ≡ Str 3874; TWOT 1092—LN 16 (qal) cover, enfold, i.e., a wrapping or folding over motion with a focus on the result of covering an object, as a non-linear motion (2Sa 19:5[EB 4]; Isa 25:7+), note: 2Sa 19:5[EB 4]+ see 4209; (qal pass.) be wrapped up (1Sa 21:10[EB 9]+); (hif) cover, wrap up (1Ki 9:13+), see also domain LN 79.114–79.117

4287 I. לוֹט (lôṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3875; TWOT 1092b—LN 34.1–34.21 covering, shroud, blanket, i.e., a lack of association or blockage, as a figurative extension of a piece of cloth (Isa 25:7+), note: in context, not a covering of protection, but a covering blocking the blessings of the LORD, see also LN 6.152–6.187

4288 II. לוֹט (lôṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3876;—LN 93-pers. (male) Lot: son of Haran, nephew of Abraham (Ge 11:27–19:36 passim; Dt 2:9, 19; Ps 83:9[EB 8]+)

4289 לוֹטָן (lô·ṭān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3877;—LN 93-pers. (male) Lotan: son of Seir, progenitor of the Horite clan (Ge 36:20, 22,29; 1Ch 1:38, 39+)

4290 I. לֵוִי (lē·wî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3878; TWOT 1093—LN 93-pers. (male) Levi: 1. son of Jacob-Leah, progenitor of one of the tribes (Ge 29:34), see also DBLGrk 3322(3.) 2. see DBLGrk 3322(1.) 3. see DBLGrk 3322(2.) 4. see DBLGrk 3323 5. Levite: pertaining to the descendants or tribe of Levi (Ex 2:1), see also 4291

4291 II. לֵוִי (lē·wî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3878, 3881; TWOT 1093a—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Levite: pertaining to Levi (Ex 4:14), see also 4291

4292 לִוְיָה (liw·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3880; TWOT 1089a—LN 6.188–6.196 special headdress, i.e., a turban, garland, or wreath of some kind as an adornment of honor (Pr 1:9; 4:9+)

4293 לִוְיָתָן (liw·yā·ṯān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3882; TWOT 1089b—1. LN 4.58–4.61 Leviathan, dragon, i.e., a reptile, serpent-like creature of the sea that takes on mythological proportions (Job 3:8; Ps 74:14; Isa 27:1+), note: Ps 74:14 may be a large sea creature, see next entry; 2. LN 4.58–4.61 sea creature, i.e., a relatively large swimming creature which lives on the surface of the open waters, i.e., a whale mammal or dolphin fish (Ps 104:26+); 3. LN 4.51–4.57 crocodile, i.e., a reptile creature that lives in a river or marshlands (Job 40:25[EB 41:1]+)

4294 לוּל (lûl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3883; TWOT 1094—LN 7.26–7.53 stairway, i.e., a series of steps to ascend or descend from one level of a building to another (1Ki 6:8+), note: some ancient versions refer to them as winding stairs

4295 לוּלֵא (lû·lē(ʾ)): pt.; ≡ Str 3884; TWOT 1085a—1. LN 89.124–89.138 if not, unless, but, except, i.e., a marker of a contrast often involving an exception (Ge 31:42; 43:10; Dt 32:27; Jdg 14:18; 1Sa 25:34; 2Sa 2:27; 2Ki 3:14; Ps 94:17; 106:23; 119:92; 124:1, 2; Isa 1:9+); 2. LN 91.6–91.12 surely, still, i.e., a marker of strong affirmation (Ps 27:13+), see also domain LN 69

לוּלַי (lû·lǎy) BDB: see 4339

לוּלֵי (lû·lê): see 4295

לון (lwn): see 4296

4296 לוּן (lûn): v.; ≡ Str 3885; TWOT 1096, 1097—1. LN 33.382–33.386 (nif) grumble against, blame, i.e., make a verbal complaint against another, whether proper or improper (Ex 15:24; 16:2 Q,7 K; Nu 14:2, 36 K; 16:11 K; 17:6[EB 16:41]; Jos 9:18+); (hif) grumble against, blame (Ex 16:2 K,7, 8; 17:3; Nu 14:27,29, 36 Q; 16:11 Q+); 2. LN 14.74–14.86 (hif) howl, i.e., make wailing sounds from a dog (Ps 59:16[EB 15]+), note: some parse as 4328

לון (lwn)[2], לוּן (lûn) Holladay, BDB: see 4328

לוע (lwʿ), לוּעַ (lûaʿ) BDB: see 4362 or 4363

לוץ (lwṣ) Holladay, BDB: see 4329

לושׁ (lwš): see 4297

לושׁ (lwš): n.pr.masc.—see 4331 (2Sa 3:15 K+)

4297 לוּשׁ (lûš): v.; ≡ Str 3888; TWOT 1100—LN 46 (qal) knead, i.e., to manipulate bread dough by pressing and rolling with the hands (Ge 18:6; 1Sa 28:24; 2Sa 13:8; Jer 7:18; Hos 7:4+), see also domain LN 16

4298 לָוִשׁ (lā·wiš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3889, 3919;—LN 93-pers. (male) Lavish: (2Sa 3:15 K+), note: for Q, see 4331, note: not supported in the versions surveyed

לָז (lāz) BDB: see 2137

לָזֶה (lā·zě(h)) BDB: see 2138

לֵזוּ (lē·zû) BDB: see 2139

לְזוּת (lezûṯ) BDB: see 4299

4299 לָזוּת (lā·zûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3891; TWOT 1090a—LN 33.374–33.381 corrupt talk, perverse speech, i.e., a verbal expression that deviate from a moral standard (Pr 4:24+)

4300 לַח (lǎḥ): adj.; ≡ Str 3892; TWOT 1102a—1. LN 79.78–79.83 fresh, i.e., pertaining to that which still has moisture, with a focus on the features of a fresh moist object, such as pliability, strength, or possibly other features (Ge 30:37; Jdg 16:7, 8+); 2. LN 3.33–3.46 unit: עֵנָב לַח (ʿē·nāḇ lǎḥ) fresh grapes, i.e., ripe grapes just cut off the vine, with a focus that these are not processed grapes (Nu 6:3+); 3. LN 3.60–3.67 unit: עֵץ לַח (ʿēṣ lǎḥ) living tree, green wood, i.e., a tree with moisture and pliability, with a possibly focus on it being more difficult to burn (Eze 17:24; 21:3[EB 20:47]+)

4301 לֵחַ (lēaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3893; TWOT 1102b—LN 23.129–23.141 strength, vigor, formally, freshness, i.e., a youthful condition of health and general fitness (Dt 34:7+)

לֻחַ (lǔaḥ) Holladay: see 4283

4302 I. לְחוּם (leḥûm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3894; TWOT 1104b—LN 8.9–8.69 entrails, bowels, i.e., the main internal organ viscera in the main cavity of the body (Zep 1:17+), note: Holladay translates “body, flesh”

4303 II. לְחוּם (leḥûm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3894; TWOT 1104b—LN 88.171–88.191 rage, wrath, anger, i.e., great displeasure with an object which implies an action will follow (Job 20:23+), note: NIV translates “blows” as an action which rage produces

4304 לֻחוֹת (lǔ·ḥôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3872;—LN 93-place (loc.) Luhoth: town in Moab (Jer 48:5 K+), note: for Q see 4284; note: none of the versions surveyed support the K

4305 I. לְחִי (leḥî): n.fem. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 3895; TWOT 1101a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 jawbone, jaw, i.e., the bone structure of lower part of the face, esp. the area that holds the lower teeth (Jdg 15:15, 16,17; Job 40:26[EB 41:2]; Ps 3:8[EB 7]; Isa 30:28; Eze 29:4; 38:4; Mic 4:14[EB 5:1]+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 cheek, jowl, i.e., the outer area of the jaw area of the face (Dt 18:3; 1Ki 22:24; 2Ch 18:23; Job 16:10; SS 1:10; 5:13; Isa 50:6; La 1:2; 3:30+); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 back of an animal’s neck and upper shoulders (Hos 11:4+)

4306 II. לְחִי (leḥî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3896;—LN 93-place (loc.) Lehi: site in Judah where Samson killed with a jawbone (Jdg 15:9, 14, 19+), see also 8257

לֶחִי (lě·ḥî) BDB: see 4305, 4306

4307 לַחַי רֹאִי (lǎ·ḥǎy rō·ʾî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 883;—LN 93-place (loc.) Lahai Roi: part of a compound name, Beer Lahai Roi, see 936

לֻחִית (lǔ·ḥîṯ) Holladay: see 4284 (Jer 48:5 Q)

לחךְ (lḥk): see 4308

4308 לָחַךְ (lā·ḥǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 3897; TWOT 1103—1. LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) lick up, i.e., the eating motion of a grazing bovine (Nu 22:4b+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (piel) consume, formally, lick up, i.e., to destroy as a figurative extension of the act. of licking as an eating motion (Nu 22:4a+); 3. LN 14.63–14.73 (piel) consume, formally, lick up, i.e., the consumption of an object by the act. of burning (1Ki 18:38+); 4. LN 39.52–39.61 unit: (piel) עָפָר לָחַךְ (ʿā·p̄ār lā·ḥǎḵ) be subdued, formally, lick dust, i.e., to be conquered as a figurative extension of having the face in the ground, implying a low status (Ps 72:9; Isa 49:23; Mic 7:17+)

I. לחם (lḥm): see 4309

II. לחם (lḥm): see 4310

4309 I. לָחַם (lā·ḥǎm): v.; ≡ Str 3898; TWOT 1104, 1105—1. LN 55.2–55.6 (nif) fight against, i.e., engage in military battle (2Sa 8:10); 2. LN 39.47–39.50 (qal) attack (Ps 56:2[EB 1],3[EB 2]+); (nif) attack, i.e., show hostility, with a focus on gaining control over another (Nu 21:1); 3. LN 39.22–39.32 (qal) struggle, show hostility, i.e., be opposed to another as a figurative extension of a military fight (Ps 35:1); 4. LN 39.52–39.61 (nif) unit: לָחַם עַל (lā·ḥǎm ʿǎl)2 overpower, i.e., to conquer another in a hostile action (Isa 7:1)

4310 II. לָחַם (lā·ḥǎm): v.; ≡ Str 3898; TWOT 1104—1. LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) eat, dine, i.e., to consume food (Pr 9:5; 23:1, 6+); 2. LN 42.7–42.28 (qal) participate, formally, eat, i.e., the act. of association and integration as a figurative extension of eating a meal (Ps 141:4; Pr 4:17+); 3. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal pass.) be consumed, i.e., that which is destroyed as a figurative extension of what is consumed by eating (Dt 32:24+)

4311 לָחֶם (lā·ḥěm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3901; TWOT 1104a—LN 55.2–55.6 war, i.e., a military fighting between socio-political/religious nations (Jdg 5:8+), note: some sources question this as the meaning and look for a different text, see BHS ftn

4312 לֶחֶם (lě·ḥěm): n.masc. occasionally fem.; ≡ Str 3899; TWOT 1105a—1. LN 5.1–5.22 loaf of bread, i.e., grain flour mixed and baked (Ex 29:2); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 grain product, i.e., any consumable grain product distinguished from meat (1Sa 25:11); 3. LN 5.1–5.22 food, i.e., any consumable product, including meat which is in contrast to a drinkable liquid (Lev 3:11); 4. LN 53.16–53.27 unit: לֶחֶם הַ־ פָּנֶה (lě·ḥěm hǎ- pā·ně(h)) Bread of the Presence, i.e., a special bread as an offering (Ex 25:30); 5. LN 53.16–53.27 unit: לֶחֶם אֱלֹהִים (lě·ḥěm ʾělō·hîm) sacrificial food, formally, food of God, i.e., that which is an offering to deity (Lev 21:22); 6. LN 53.16–53.27 unit: לֶחֶם הַ־ בִּכּוּרִים (lě·ḥěm hǎ- bik·kû·rîm) Bread of the Firstfruits, i.e., a special bread as an offering (Lev 23:20); 7. LN 51 unit: עָשָׂה לֶחֶם (ʿā·śā(h) lě·ḥěm) make a feast, formally, make bread (Ecc 10:19); 8. LN 88.246–88.251 unit: לֶחֶם עַצְלוּת אָכַל (lě·ḥěm ʿǎṣ·lûṯ ʾā·ḵǎl) be lazy, not work hard, formally, eat the bread of idleness (Pr 31:27); 9. LN 23.1–23.39 unit: אָכַל לֶחֶם (ʾā·ḵǎl lě·ḥěm) eat a meal, formally, eat bread (2Ki 4:8); 10. LN 5.1–5.22 unit: לֶחֶם חֹק (lě·ḥěm ḥōq) daily bread, formally, bread of strength (Pr 30:8), see also LN 67.183; also, a part of a compound name, Jashubi Lehem, see 3788; also Bethlehem see 1107

לְחֻם (leḥǔm): see 4302 (Zep 1:17+)

4313 לַחְמִי (lǎḥ·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3902;—LN 93-pers. (male) Lahmi: brother of Goliath (1Ch 20:5+); also, a part of a compound name, Bethlehemite, see 1095

4314 לַחְמָס (lǎḥ·mās): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3903;—LN 93-place (loc.) Lahmas: site in the western foothills of Judah (Jos 15:40+)

לחץ (lḥṣ): see 4315

4315 לָחַץ (lā·ḥǎṣ): v. [see also 4315.5]; ≡ Str 3905; TWOT 1106—1. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) press, i.e., apply force sufficient to damage or break an object (Nu 22:25b+); (nif) pressed close, press oneself (Nu 22:25a+); 2. LN 22.21–22.28 (qal) oppress, i.e., cause trouble and hardship to another by controlling and confining, as an extension of a pressing motion (Ex 3:9; 22:20[EB 21]; 23:9; Jdg 4:3; 10:12; 1Sa 10:18; 2Ki 13:4, 22; 106:42; Am 6:14+); 3. LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) fight on offense, i.e., pertaining to an aggressive military fighting attack, including pursuing an enemy (Ps 56:2[EB 1]+); 4. LN 37.114–37.118 (qal) confine, formally, press against, i.e., imprison a people into a large area, without necessarily a building (Jdg 1:34+); 5. LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) hold, formally, press against, i.e., to hold one object against another using a pressing motion, not allowing significant movement of the object (2Ki 6:32+)

לֹחֵץ (lō·ḥēṣ): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.sing. of 4315; ≡ Str 3905; TWOT 1106—LN 22.21–22.28 oppressor, i.e., one who causes hardship and trouble (Jdg 2:18; 6:9; Isa 19:20; Jer 30:20+)

4316 לַחַץ (lǎ·ḥǎṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3906; TWOT 1106a—1. LN 22.1–22.14 oppression, i.e., an unfavorable circumstance and affliction causing trouble (Ex 3:9; Dt 26:7; 2Ki 13:4; Job 36:15; Ps 42:10[EB 9]; 43:2; 44:25[EB 24]+); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 short ration of bread or water, i.e., a part of something (1Ki 22:27; 2Ch 18:26; Isa 30:20+), see also domain LN 63.13–63.20

לחשׁ (lḥš): see 4317

4317 לָחַשׁ (lā·ḥǎš): v.; ≡ Str 3907; TWOT 1107—1. LN 53.96–53.101 (piel ptcp.) charm, enchant, i.e., one who charms deadly snakes through soothing sounds of some kind, possibly music, or whispering (Ps 58:6[EB 5]+); 2. LN 33.69–33.108 (hitp) whisper together, i.e., speak in low tones together (2Sa 12:19; Ps 41:8[EB 7]+)

4318 לַחַשׁ (lǎ·ḥǎš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3908; TWOT 1107a—1. LN 53.96–53.101 charming, enchanting, i.e., the act. of charming deadly snakes through soothing sounds of some kind, possibly music, or whispering (Ecc 10:11; Jer 8:17+); 2. LN 53.96–53.101 magician, i.e., one skilled in the magic arts (Isa 3:3+); 3. LN 6.188–6.196 woman’s ornament, i.e., charm or amulet worn as an ornament, with another possibly function as a religious charm (Isa 3:20+), note: KB, Holladay, Lisowsky “humming shell.”; 4. LN 33.69–33.108 whispering, i.e., speak in low volume tones (Isa 26:16+)

4319 לָט (lāṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3814, 3909; TWOT 1092a—1. LN 53.96–53.101 secret arts, enchantments, i.e., magic arts with a focus on the secret elements and mysterious things in those arts (Ex 7:22; 8:3[EB 7],14[EB 18]+); 2. LN 33.117–33.125 unit: בְּ־ לָט (b- lāṭ) quietly, i.e., acting in a manner without making a physical sound (Jdg 4:21; Ru 3:7; 1Sa 24:5[EB 4]+); 3. LN 28.68–28.83 unit: בְּ־ לָט (b- lāṭ) privately, i.e., acting in a manner that is secret or not public or commonly known (1Sa 18:22+)

4320 לֹט (lōṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3910; TWOT 1108—LN 6.205–6.212 aromatic substance: mastic, i.e., the resinous bark of the mastic tree Pistacia mutica or (Tanakh) Ladanum, the resinous gum of the rockrose plant of the Cistaceae family (Ge 37:25; 43:11+), note: NRSV, NAB, NJB translate “resin;” most versions translate “myrrh,” which is the yellowish to reddish brown resinous gum related to Balsam tree or other oily bark trees, fragrant and slightly bitter, used as perfume and incense

4321 לְטָאָה (leṭā·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3911; TWOT 1109a—LN 4.51–4.57 reptile, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: that which moves about on the ground, some kind of a reptile; (most versions) lizard; (NIV) wall lizard; (Lisowsky) gecko; (NKJV) sand reptile; (NAB) agama (a genus of lizard); (NEB, REB) wall-gecko; (NJB) letaah (Lev 11:30+)

4322 לְטוּשִׁים (leṭû·šîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3912;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Letushite: people of Dedan, grandson of Abraham-Keturah (Ge 25:3+)

לְטוּשִׁם (leṭû·šim) BDB: see 4322

לטשׁ (lṭš): see 4323

4323 לָטַשׁ (lā·ṭǎš): v.; ≡ Str 3913; TWOT 1110—1. LN 79.95–79.96 (qal) sharpen, i.e., place a thin edge or point on an object for cutting or piercing (1Sa 13:20; Ps 7:13[EB 12]+); (pual) be sharpened (Ps 52:4[EB 2]+); 2. LN 45 (qal) forge, smith, formally, sharpen, i.e., make hammer blows on heated metal to shape into a thin edge or point (Ge 4:22+); 3. LN 24.1–24.51 unit: (qal) לָטַשׁ עַיִן (lā·ṭǎš ʿǎ·yin)1 look of hostility, formally pierce with the eyes, i.e., look intently at an object at an intense way which communicates anger or hostility, as an extension of piercing an object with a sharp sword or pointed object (Job 16:9+)

4324 לֹיָה (lō·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3914; TWOT 1089a—LN 6.188–6.196 wreath, garland, i.e., a metal representation of a decorative circular object (1Ki 7:29, 30, 36+)

לֹיוֹת (lō·yôṯ) BDB: see 4324

4325 לַיִל (lǎ·yil): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3915; TWOT 1111—LN 67.192 night, i.e., a period of time from the setting to the rising of the sun, so with a focus of lacking light (Ex 12:42; Isa 15:1; 16:3; 21:11; 30:29+), see also 4326

4326 לַיְלָה (lǎy·lā(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3915; TWOT 1111—1. LN 67.192 night, i.e., a period of time from the setting to the rising of the sun, so with a focus of lacking light (1Sa 14:34), see also 4325; 2. LN 14.53–14.62 darkness, i.e., a lack of light as a focus opposed to daylight (Pr 31:15); 3. LN 67.93 unit: אַרְבַּע לַיְלָה (ʾǎr·bǎʿ lǎy·lā(h)) a long time, formally, forty nights, i.e., possibly a symbolic representation of a considerable period of time (1Ki 19:8), note: some also view forty nights as a mathematically exact numeral; 4. LN 67.73–67.77 unit: חֲצוֹת הַ־ לַיְלָה (ḥǎṣôṯ hǎ- lǎy·lā(h)) midnight, formally, half the night, i.e., a point of time halfway between the setting and rising of the sun (Ex 11:4); 5. LN 67.78–67.141 unit: לַיְלָה וְ־ יוֹמָם (lǎy·lā(h) w- yô·mām) continually, constantly, formally, night and day, i.e., a duration of time without limits (Dt 28:66); 6. LN 67.78–67.141 unit: לַיְלָה וְ־ יוֹם (lǎy·lā(h) w- yôm)1 continually, constantly, formally, night and day, i.e., a duration of time without limits (1Ki 8:29); 7. LN 67.78–67.141 unit: בֵּן לַיְלָה הָיָה (bēn lǎy·lā(h) hā·yā(h)) grow and mature very fast, formally, son of night, i.e., become mature plant in a time period of overnight (Jnh 4:10)

4327 לִילִית (lî·lîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3917; TWOT 1112—1. LN 4.1–4.37 (NIV, NKJV, NASB, KJV, NEB, REB) night creature, i.e., any of several nocturnal natural animals that roams at night, like an owl,, or nightjar bird (Isa 34:14+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 12.1–12.42 (NRSV, RSV, ASV, NAB, NJB, Tanakh) Lilith, the Night Hag, i.e., a supernatural female demon, night creature considered a monster (Isa 34:14+), note: in context, the goat just prior may be a “goat-demon.”

לין (lyn): see 4328

4328 לִין (lîn): v.; ≡ Str 3885; TWOT 1096—1. LN 67.163–67.200 (qal) spend the night, stay overnight, i.e., have or place an object, creature, or oneself to lodge (or stay) in a place during the interval of nighttime (Ge 19:2; Ex 34:25); (hif) hold back overnight, leave overnight (Lev 19:13; Dt 21:23), note: hif form is derived from context, oth as qal; (hitpolal) stay for the night (Job 39:28+); 2. LN 85.67–85.85 (qal) dwell, live in, remain, stay, i.e., occupy a space daytime and nighttime (Isa 1:21; Ps 55:8[EB 7]); (hif) harbor, cause to dwell (Jer 4:14), note: hif form is derived from context, oth as qal; note: some parse Ps 59:16[EB 15] as 4296; 3. LN 23.78–23.87 (qal) rest, i.e., be in a state of not being engaged in an activity, often in a reclining or resting position, as an extension of spending the nighttime, which is of course a period of rest (SS 1:13); (hitpolal) rest (Ps 91:1+); 4. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) remain, spend time, i.e., continue in a certain state or condition (Job 19:4; 41:14[EB 22]; Ps 25:13; 49:13[EB 12]), note: Ne 13:21, see also 4349

ליץ (lyṣ): see 4329

4329 לִיץ (lîṣ): v.; ≡ Str 3887; TWOT 1113—LN 33.406–33.411 (qal) mock, scorn, formally, talk big, i.e., speak words which show no respect for the object, and make fun of the object, with a possible focus of speaking in the situation with confidence and authority (Pr 9:12+); (polel ptcp.) scorner (Hos 7:5+), note: for another parsing, see 4372.5; (hif) mock (Ps 119:51; Pr 3:34; 14:9; 19:28+), for another parsing, see 4372; (hitpolal) show oneself a mocker (Isa 28:22+)

4330 I. לַיִשׁ (lǎ·yiš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3918; TWOT 1114a—LN 4.1–4.37 lion, i.e., a large mature male mammal, Panthera leo either of Africa or Asia, with a focus on the ferocity and dangerousness of the animal (Job 4:11; Pr 30:30; Isa 30:6+), note: in some contexts this may refer to the female lion

4331 II. לַיִשׁ (lǎ·yiš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3919;—LN 93-pers. (male) Laish: second father-in-law of Michal, daughter of Saul (1Sa 25:44; 2Sa 3:15+)

4332 III. לַיִשׁ (lǎ·yiš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3919;—LN 93-place (loc.) Laish: town near the headwaters of the Jordan River, (Jdg 18:7, 14, 27, 29+), see also 1969, 4386

4333 לַיְשָׁה (lǎy·šā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3919;—LN 93-place (loc.) Laishah: site in Benjamin (Isa 10:30+)

לְךָ (leḵā): see 2143 (qal imv.) (Nu 23:13 K)

לכד (lkd): see 4334

4334 לָכַד (lā·ḵǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 3920; TWOT 1115—1. LN 37.1–37.32 (qal) capture, seize, take, catch, i.e., control an object, implying being taken by force (Nu 21:32); (nif) caught, be taken captive, be seized, be taken (Jer 38:28); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 (qal) rule over, formally, capture, i.e., begin to govern and rule as an extension of capturing an object (1Sa 14:47); 3. LN 37.108–37.110 (qal) seize, i.e., take into custody (2Ch 33:11); 4. LN 27.30–27.33 (qal) catch against, i.e., learn of information against another by catching in a mistake (Job 5:13); (nif) be caught, ensnared (Jos 7:15); 5. LN 30.86–30.107 (nif) be chosen, i.e., pertaining to being a selection between two or more choices, by a thought process, or a chance happening (Jos 7:16); 6. LN 79.7–79.8 (hitp) immoveable, frozen, i.e., make a collection or mass hard and immoveable, as an extension of capturing or binding up and object (Job 38:30); 7. LN 18.12–18.23 (hitp) cling together, i.e., have objects joined together (Job 41:9[EB 17])

4335 לֶכֶד (lě·ḵěḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3921; TWOT 1115a—LN 37.1–37.32 capturing, trapping, i.e., gaining control over or restraining a person or animal as a figurative extension of having a limb caught in a trap (Pr 3:26+)

לְכָה (leḵā(h)), לֵכָה (lē·ḵā(h)) BDB: see 2143 (qal imv.) Nu 22:6; 1Sa 23:27

4336 לֵכָה (lē·ḵā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3922;—LN 93-place (loc.) Lecah: of Judah (1Ch 4:21+)

4337 לָכִישׁ (lā·ḵîš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3923;—LN 93-place (loc.) Lachish: town in western foothills of Judah, (Jos 10:3)

4338 לָכֵן (lā·ḵēn): prep.—see 4200 + 4027 (Ex 6:6)

לָכֵן (lā·ḵēn): adv.—see 4338

4339 לֻלָאוֹת (lǔ·lā·ʾôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 3924; TWOT 1095a—LN 6.14–6.22 loops, i.e., a cord curved and closed on the bottom end of a curtain acting as a fastener or binder when used with other fastening devices (Ex 26:4–11 passim; 36:11–17 passim+), see also domain LN 18; note: this loop may have also had a secondary ornamental function

לֻלָאֹת (lǔ·lā·ʾōṯ): see 4339

לַם (lǎm): see 4200 + (Isa 9:6)

למד (lmd): see 4340

4340 לָמַד (lā·mǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 3925; TWOT 1116—1. LN 27.1–27.26 (qal) learn, train, i.e., gain information (or signals and cues) and respond properly to it with regular action, implying acceptance of, or submission to the information (Dt 4:10); (qal pass.) be trained, taught (1Ch 5:18); (pual) be trained, taught (1Ch 25:7; SS 3:8; Isa 29:13; Jer 31:18; Hos 10:11+); 2. LN 33.224–33.250 (piel) teach, instruct, train, i.e., impart information in a formal or informal setting, with a focus that the information will be responded to, so be a training of the object (Dt 4:1)

4341 לִמֻּד (lim·mǔḏ): adj. [see also 4341.5]; ≡ Str 3928; TWOT 1116a—LN 41.29–41.43 accustomed to, i.e., pertaining to being familiar with something as a particular pattern of behavior (Jer 2:24; 13:23+)

לִמֻּד (lim·mǔḏ): n.[masc.] [served by 4341]; ≡ Str 3928; TWOT 1116a—1. LN 36.31–36.43 disciple, learner, i.e., one who is taught by another (Isa 8:16; 50:4b; 54:13+); 2. LN 28.28–28.56 unit: נָתַן (nā·ṯǎn) … לָשׁוֹן לִמֻּד (lā·šôn lim·mǔḏ) receive revelation, formally, give the tongue of a disciple, i.e., the receiving of clear knowledge given from God, to then be spoken to others (Isa 50:4a+)

לְמָה (lemā(h)), לְמֶה (lemě(h)): see 4342 or 4537

לָמָה (lā·mā(h)), לָמָּה (lām·mā(h)): see 4342 or 4537

4342 לָמָּה (lām·mā(h)): p. (interrogative and indefinite); ≡ Str 4100; TWOT 1149—see 4200 + 4537

4343 לָמוֹ (lā·mô): see 4200 + 4564

4344 לְמוֹ (lemô): prep.; ≡ Str 3926; TWOT 1063—see 4200 + 5269 (Job 27:14; 29:21; 38:40; 40:4+)

לְמוֹאל (lemô(ʾ)l) BDB: see 4200 + 4578 note: BDB, BHS ftn says read as 8520

4345 לְמוּאֵל (lemû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3927;—LN 93-pers. (male) Lemuel: unknown sage-king (Pr 31:1+), see also 4346

4346 לְמוֹאֵל (lemô·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4136; TWOT 1160—LN 93-pers. (male) Lemoel: unknown sage-king (Pr 31:4+), see also 4345, note: most versions harmonize or change text to “Lemuel.”

לִמּוּד (lim·mûḏ) KB, Holladay: see 4341

לַמְחוֹת (lǎm·ḥôṯ) Holladay: see 4200 + 4681 (Pr 31:3)

4347 לֶמֶךְ (lě·měḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3929;—LN 93-pers. (male) Lamech: 1. of Cain, Methushael (Ge 4:18–24 passim+) 2. of Seth (Ge 5:25–31 passim; 1Ch 1:3+)

לְמִן (lemin), לְמִנִּי (lemin·nî): see 4200 + 4946

4348 לְמַעַן (lemǎ·ʿǎn): c.; ≡ Str 4616; TWOT 1650g—see 4200 + 5100

4349 לֵן (lēn): adj. [BDB, Holladay: qal act.ptcp.masc.pl.]—see 4328 (Ne 13:21+)

4350 לֹעַ (lōaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3930; TWOT 1098a—LN 8.9–8.69 throat, i.e., the part of the neck in front of the spinal column, a vulnerable soft-tissue part of the body, with a focus on the external part of the neck (Pr 23:2+)

לעב (lʿb): see 4351

4351 לָעַב (lā·ʿǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 3931; TWOT 1117—LN 33.406–33.411 (hif) mock, deride, i.e., speak words that reflect disrespect and the fact that they are not taken seriously, and made sport of as if a joke (2Ch 36:16+)

לעג (lʿg): see 4352

4352 לָעַג (lā·ʿǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 3932; TWOT 1118—1. LN 33.406–33.411 (qal) mock, scoff, ridicule, i.e., speak words which disparage another, as an extension of stuttering or stammering sounds (2Ki 19:21; Job 9:23; 11:3; 22:19; Ps 2:4; 59:9[EB 8]; 80:7[EB 6]; Pr 1:26; 17:5; 30:17; Isa 37:22; Jer 20:7; Hos 7:16+); (hif) mock, ridicule (2Ch 30:10; Ne 2:19; 3:33[EB 4:1]; Job 21:3; Ps 22:8[EB 7]+); 2. LN 33.1–33.8 (nif) stammer, stutter, i.e., speak a foreign language which sounds like babbling sounds or repetition of syllables, so like stammering to the listener (Isa 33:19+), note: for MT text in Ps 35:16, see 4354 and 5056

4353 לַעַג (lǎ·ʿǎḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3933; TWOT 1118a—LN 33.406–33.411 scorn, ridicule, i.e., words of derision and mocking (Job 34:7; Ps 35:16; 44:14[EB 13]; 79:4; 123:4; Eze 23:32; 36:4+), see also 4354; note: for NIV text in Ps 35:16, see 4352

4354 לָעֵג (lā·ʿēḡ): adj.; ≡ Str 3934; TWOT 1118b—1. LN 28.28–28.56 foreign, i.e., pertaining to speaking as a foreigner, with a focus on what is unknown or unfamiliar (Isa 28:11+), see also 4354.5; 2. LN 33.1–33.8 unit: לַעַג שָׂפָה (lǎ·ʿǎḡ śā·p̄ā(h)) unintelligible language, formally, stammering lips, i.e., words which are unintelligible to the hearer and so sound as if they were stammering, possibly implying that this event would mock the hearer (Isa 28:11+)

לָעֵג (lā·ʿēḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3934; TWOT 1118b—LN 33.387–33.403 scoffer, mocker, i.e., persons who scorn and ridicule (Ps 35:16+), note: for NIV text, see 4352; see also 4354.5

4355 לַעְדָּה (lǎʿ·dā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3935;—LN 93-pers. (male) Laadah: of Judah (1Ch 4:21+)

4356 לַעְדָּן (lǎʿ·dān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3936;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ladan: 1. ancestor of Joshua son of Nun (1Ch 7:26+) 2. Levite son of Gershom (1Ch 23:7, 8, 9; 1Ch 26:21+), see also 4249(2.)

לעה (lʿh) BDB: see 4362

לעז (lʿz): see 4357

4357 לָעַז (lā·ʿǎz): v.; ≡ Str 3937; TWOT 1119—LN 33.69–33.108 (qal ptcp.) speak a foreign tongue, i.e., speak an unintelligible language to the hearer (Ps 114:1+)

לעט (lʿṭ): see 4358

4358 לָעַט (lā·ʿǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 3938; TWOT 1120—LN 23.1–23.39 (hif imv.) give food to someone, i.e., make it possible for another to eat, with a possibly focus on the chewing and swallowing of the food (Ge 25:30+)

4359 לָעִיר (lā·ʿîr): n.pr. [BDB: prep. + n.fem. (4200 + 6551)]—LN 93-place (loc.) (NEB, REB) Lahir (Lair NJB, Tanakh): place (2Ki 19:13; Isa 37:13+), note: most versions translate as a common noun “the city of.”

לָעֹמֶר (lā·ʿō·měr): n.pr. [served by 3906]—LN 93-pers. laomer: part of a compound name, Kedorlaomer, see 3906

לְעֻמַּת (leʿǔm·mǎṯ): see 6644

4360 לַעֲנָה (lǎ·ʿǎnā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3939; TWOT 1121—LN 6.197–6.202 bitter substance: a very unpleasant substance to consume, which may make one sick, either a root herb, leafy plant oil, or liver-bile; wormwood, i.e., a dark green bitter oil used in absinthe Artemisia absinthium (Dt 29:17[EB 18]; Pr 5:4; Jer 9:14[EB 15]; 23:15; La 3:15, 19; Am 5:7; 6:12+), note: possibly in some contexts “gall” as the bitter liver-bile of animal used in medical arts; or possibly another bitter root not yet identified, see also domain LN 79.39–79.44, LN 8.70–8.77, LN 6.203–6.204

4361 לְעַנּוֹת (leʿǎn·nôṯ): n.fem.pl.?; ≡ Str 6030; TWOT 1650, 1653—LN 14.74–14.86 leannoth, i.e., an unknown musical term, often taken as a musical instruction of melody, rhythm, and/or tempo (Ps 88:1[EB title]+), note: for another parsing as prep. + piel inf., see 4200 + 6702

I. לעע (lʿʿ): see 4362

II. לעע (lʿʿ): see 4363

4362 I. לָעַע (lā·ʿǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 3886; TWOT 1098—LN 33.374–33.381 (qal) talk impetuously, make a wild utterance, i.e., speak in a rash or foolish manner, implying no thought to the words spoken (Job 6:3; Pr 20:25+)

4363 II. לָעַע (lā·ʿǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 3216; TWOT 1098—LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) sip, i.e., take a relatively small drink of liquid (Ob 16+); (pilpel) cj יְלַעְלְעוּ (yelǎʿ·leʿû) sip, lap, slurp, i.e., drink liquid noisily (Job 39:30 cj+), for MT text (but similar meaning), see 6633

4364 לְעַפְרָה (leʿǎp̄·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1036;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ophrah: part of a compound name, Beth Ophrah, see 1108

4365 לַפִּיד (lǎp·pîḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3940; TWOT 1122a—1. LN 6.102–6.105 torch, i.e., a burning end of a stick with either resinous/bituminous substance or flax-tow wrap for light, or making fire available at another location (Ge 15:17; Jdg 7:16, 20; 15:4,5; Isa 62:1; Eze 1:13; Da 10:6; Na 2:5[EB 4]; Zec 12:6+); 2. LN 14.63–14.73 firebrand, i.e., a burning stick that can be thrown or transferred (Job 41:11[EB 19]+), note: for another interp, see next; 3. LN 14.15–14.16 lightning, i.e., a brilliant flash of light occurring in certain weather storms (Ex 20:18; Job 41:11[EB 19]+)

4366 לַפִּידוֹת (lǎp·pî·ḏôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3941;—LN 93-pers. (male) Lappidoth: husband of Deborah, the prophetess (Jdg 4:4+)

4367 לִפְנֵי (lip̄·nê): prep.; ≡ Str 6440; TWOT 1782a—see 4200 + 7156

4368 לִפְנָי (lip̄·nāy): adj.—see 4200 + 7156 (1Ki 6:17)

לִפְנִים (lip̄·nîm): see 4200 + 7156 (1Ki 6:29), note: for cj see 7163

לפת (lpt): see 4369

4369 לָפַת (lā·p̄ǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 3943; TWOT 1123—1. LN 16 (qal impf.) reach toward, i.e., the non-linear movement of extending the arms and hand to make contact with an object, with a focus on the goal of touching or feeling an object so as to make sense in the mind’s eye (Jdg 16:29+); (nif) reach out to find, i.e., bend or turn and reach out to discover one’sing. environment (Ru 3:8+), note: NIV translates “turn”; 2. LN 16 (nif) turn aside, i.e., make a non-linear pivot so as to go another direction (Job 6:18+)

4370 לֵץ (lēṣ): n.masc. [BDB: qal act.ptcp.masc. of 4372]; ≡ Str 3887; TWOT 1113—LN 33.387–33.403 scoffer, mocker, scorner, babbler, i.e., persons who scorn and ridicule (Ps 1:1; Pr 1:22; 3:34; 9:7, 8; 13:1; 14:6; 15:12; 19:25, 29; 20:1; 21:11, 24; 22:10; 24:9; Isa 29:20+)

4371 לָצוֹן (lā·ṣôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3944; TWOT 1113a—1. LN 33.406–33.411 mockery, scoffing, i.e., speak words of derision and ridicule (Pr 1:22+); 2. LN 33.406–33.411 unit: אִישׁ לָצוֹן (ʾîš lā·ṣôn) mocker, scoffer, i.e., a person who speaks words of ridicule and derision as a class of persons who act. foolish (Pr 29:8; Isa 28:14+)

4372 לָצַץ (lā·ṣǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 3945; TWOT 1113—LN 33.387–33.403 (qal ptcp.) mock, scoff, i.e., pertaining to a person who speaks words of derision or scorn (Hos 7:5+), for another parsing, see 4329 and 4372.5

לֹצֵץ (lō·ṣēṣ): n.masc. [served by 4372]—see 4329 and 4372

4373 לַקּוּם (lǎq·qûm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3946;—LN 93-place (loc.) Lakkum: site in Naphtali (Jos 19:33+)

4374 לָקַח (lā·qǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 3947; TWOT 1124—1. LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) grasp, take hold of, i.e., grasp an object with the hand (1Sa 17:51); 2. LN 57.55–57.70 (qal) obtain, gain, i.e., bring an object into one’s possession, either with or without permission of the owner (Ge 42:33); (pual) be obtained (Ge 2:23; 3:19, 23; Jdg 17:2; Job 28:2; Isa 49:24, 25; Eze 15:3); 3. LN 57.125–57.141 (qal) receive, i.e., accept an object or benefit for which the initiative resides with the giver, and a focus on the transfer to the recipient (Ex 25:2); 4. LN 57.55–57.70 (qal) collect, i.e., receive what is due from a giver, usually as an obligation, which may be a proper or improper goal (Nu 3:47); 5. LN 30.86–30.107 (qal) select, choose, i.e., prefer one object over another, and then grab, possess, or use for a purpose (Ge 18:7); 6. LN 31.50–31.57 (qal) accept, i.e., come to believe something and so act. upon it (Pr 2:1); 7. LN 90.56–90.84 (qal) suffer, i.e., experience some event or state, as an extension of receiving an object (Eze 36:30); 8. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) send, i.e., cause one to make linear movement (1Sa 17:31); 9. LN 15.165–15.186 (qal) lead away, i.e., cause an object to move to another place (Jer 44:12); (qal pass.) be led away (Pr 24:11+); (nif) be taken away (1Sa 21:7[EB 6]; 2Ki 2:9; Est 2:8, 16; Eze 33:6+); (pual) be taken away (Ge 12:15; 18:4; 2Ki 2:10; Isa 52:5; 53:8; Jer 48:46+); 10. LN 37.108–37.110 (nif) capture, i.e., seize control of an object (1Sa 4:11, 17, 19, 21, 22+); 11. LN 41.29–41.43 (pual) use, formally, take, i.e., have a pattern of a speaking behavior (Jer 29:22); 12. LN 14.15–14.16 (hitp) flash back and forth, i.e., the movement of lightning (Ex 9:24; Eze 1:4+); 13. LN 34.66–34.78 unit: לָקַח אִשָּׁה (lā·qǎḥ ʾiš·šā(h)) married, formally, take a wife, i.e., enter into a marital relation (Ge 11:29); 14. LN 57.152–57.171 unit: לָקַח (lā·qǎḥ) … בְּ־ מְחִיר (b- meḥîr) 1 purchase, formally, give a price, i.e., the act. of acquiring something by money or barter exchange (1Ki 10:28; 2Ch 1:16+); 15. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: נֶפֶשׁ לָקַח (ně·p̄ěš lā·qǎḥ) kill, formally, take the soul (1Ki 19:14); 16. LN 38.1–38.13 unit: לָקַח (lā·qǎḥ) … נְקָמָה (neqā·mā(h)) take revenge, avenge, formally, take retribution, i.e., the justified act. of paying back for a wrong incurred (Jer 20:10); 17. LN 31.58–31.81 unit: לָקַח נֶפֶשׁ (lā·qǎḥ ně·p̄ěš) influence, formally, take the soul, i.e., change an opinion concerning truth (Pr 11:30), note: NIV, “win souls;” note: some change the text, making the second clause in the sentence an opposite, translate “the fruit of the righteous is a tree of life, but violence (2805) kills,” so changing the meaning of the idiom, see BHS ftn

4375 לֶקַח (lě·qǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3948; TWOT 1124a—1. LN 33.224–33.250 teaching, instruction, i.e., information conveyed to a student (Dt 32:2; Pr 16:21, 23; Isa 29:24+); 2. LN 28.1–28.16 learning, i.e., information that is apprehended and incorporated in the life (Pr 1:5; 4:2; 9:9+); 3. LN 31.35–31.49 belief, i.e., that content of what one believes to be true (Job 11:4+); 4. LN 33.299–33.306 persuasive words, i.e., words that hold power to persuade and change a behavior (Pr 7:21+)

4376 לִקְחִי (liq·ḥî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3949;—LN 93-pers. (male) Likhi: of Manasseh (1Ch 7:19+)

לקט (lqṭ): see 4377

4377 לָקַט (lā·qǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 3950; TWOT 1125—1. LN 43 (qal) glean, i.e., take all or most that is left in a field after a first harvest, implying a meager amount gathered in relation to the energy expended (Ru 2:8+); glean (Lev 19:9, 10; 23:22; Jdg 1:7; Ru 2:2, 3, 7, 15, 15, 16, 17, 17, 18, 19, 23; Isa 17:5+); 2. LN 15.123–15.134 (qal) gather, collect, i.e., cause objects of any kind to be brought into a single place, or container (Ge 31:46; Ex 16:4, 5, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22, 26, 27; Nu 11:8; Ps 104:28; SS 6:2+), note: this can include the gathering of food as a harvest; (piel) gather, collect (2Ki 4:39; Jer 7:18+); (pual) be gathered (Isa 27:12+); (hitp) gather around (Jdg 11:3+); 3. LN 57.55–57.70 (piel) collect, i.e., receive what is due from a giver, usually as an obligation, which may be a proper or improper goal, as an extension of the gathering or harvesting of objects into one place (Ge 47:14+); 4. LN 18.1–18.11 (piel) pick up, i.e., grasp, hold, and carry an object from one place to another as an extension of picking objects or collecting harvest fruit (1Sa 20:38+)

4378 לֶקֶט (lě·qěṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3951; TWOT 1125a—LN 43 harvest gleanings, i.e., objects inadvertently or deliberately left in the harvest area which may then be picked in a second going-through of a field (Lev 19:9; 23:22+)

לקק (lqq): see 4379

4379 לָקַק (lā·qǎq): v.; ≡ Str 3952; TWOT 1126—LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) lap up, lick up, i.e., a drinking motion which uses the tongue to bring water into the mouth (Jdg 7:5; 1Ki 21:19; 22:38+); (piel ptcp.) lap up, lick up (Jdg 7:6, 7+)

לִקְרַאת (liq·rǎ(ʾ)ṯ): prep. + qal inf.—see 7925

לקשׁ (lqš) Holladay: see 4380

לקשׁ (lqš)[2] Lisowsky, KB: see 4380

4380 לָקַשׁ (lā·qǎš): v.; ≡ Str 3953; TWOT 1127c—1. LN 43 (piel impf.) glean, i.e., take all or most that is left in a field after a first harvest, with a possibly implication of gathering in haste and despoiling (Job 24:6+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 43 rake, i.e., a workers motion to clean a vineyard after a harvest, with no implication of gathering or gleaning fruit in that vineyard (Job 24:6+)

4381 לֶקֶשׁ (lě·qěš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3954; TWOT 1127a—LN 43 the second crop, the late sowing of grass at the time just after the latter rains, i.e., of the spring time around the month of April, this crop was all for the tenant-farmer (Am 7:1+

4382 לָשָׁד (lā·šāḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3955; TWOT 1128a—1. LN 5.1–5.22 baked good, i.e., a kind of food to eat which included oil in the bread-cake (Nu 11:8+); 2. LN 23.129–23.141 vigor, vitality, i.e., the core of one’s strength (Ps 32:4+), note: some change text to 4383; BHS ftn, see 8720 (pual)

4383 לָשׁוֹן (lā·šôn): n.masc. and fem.; ≡ Str 3956; TWOT 1131a—1. LN 8.21 tongue, i.e., the body organ of the mouth, used for speech and swallowing, etc. (Jdg 7:5; Job 27:4; 29:10; Isa 41:17); 2. LN 33.1–33.8 language, i.e., a distinct form and function of communication using verbal code (Ge 10:5); 3. LN 33.69–33.108 speech, i.e., the act. of speaking as a figurative extension of the tongue as a body part (Ex 4:10); 4. LN 33.69–33.108 speech, word, i.e., the content of what is spoken (Isa 3:8; Hos 7:16); 5. LN 6.68–6.82 wedge, i.e., a bar of metal as an undeterminated unit of weight or value (Jos 7:21, 24); 6. LN 1.69–1.78 bay, i.e., an inlet of water in a larger body of sea or lake (Jos 15:2, 5, 19); 7. LN 1.69–1.78 gulf, i.e., a part of an ocean or sea that extends into the land (Isa 11:15); 8. LN 8.9–8.69 fang, formally, tongue, i.e., the part of a snake that inflicts poison (Job 20:16; Ps 140:4[EB 3]); 9. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: חָרַץ כֶּלֶב לָשׁוֹן (ḥā·rǎṣ kě·lěḇ lā·šôn) a dog bark, formally, a dog’s tongue utters, i.e., a sound of a dog’sing. audible but non-verbal communication (Ex 11:7); 10. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: חָרַץ אֵת לָשׁוֹן (ḥā·rǎṣ ʾēṯ lā·šôn) utter a word, formally, utter the tongue, i.e., speak words (Jos 10:21); 11. LN 33.387–33.403 unit: שׁוֹט לָשׁוֹן (šôṭ lā·šôn) slander, formally, lash of the tongue, i.e., speak insulting words by the community to an individual (Job 5:21); 12. LN 33.387–33.403 unit: אִישׁ לָשׁוֹן (ʾîš lā·šôn) slanderer, formally, man of the tongue, i.e., one who speaks insulting words to another (Ps 140:12[EB 11]); 13. LN 53.96–53.101 unit: בַּעַל הַ־ לָשׁוֹן (bǎ·ʿǎl hǎ- lā·šôn) charmer, formally, lord of the tongue, i.e., one who charms deadly snakes through soothing sounds of some kind, possibly music, or whispering, as a technical skill (Ecc 10:11); 14. LN 2.3–2.6 unit: לָשׁוֹן אֵשׁ (lā·šôn ʾēš)1 flame of fire, formally, tongue of fire, i.e., the burning gaseous part of a fire (Isa 5:24); 15. LN 33.476–33.489 unit: אָרַךְ לָשׁוֹן (ʾā·rǎḵ lā·šôn) stick out the tongue, formally, lengthen the tongue, i.e., contort the face and stick the tongue out of the mouth as a non-verbal communication of disrespect (Isa 57:4)

4384 לִשְׁכָּה (liš·kā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3957; TWOT 1129a—LN 7.26–7.53 room in a building, i.e., a general term for a room as a part of a construction, the size and function depending on the context, as a hall, storeroom, side room, chamber, etc. (1Sa 9:22; 2Ki 23:11; 2Ch 31:11; Ezr 8:29)

4385 I. לֶשֶׁם (lě·šěm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3958; TWOT 1130—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: (NIV, NASB, NKJV, ASV, RSV, NRSV, NAB, Tanakh) jacinth; (KJV) ligure; (NJB) hyacinth; (NEB, REB) turquoise (Ex 28:19; 39:12+), note: exact identification not certain

4386 II. לֶשֶׁם (lě·šěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3959;—LN 93-place (loc.) Leshem: town near the headwaters of the Jordan River, (Jos 19:47+) see also 1969, 4332

לשׁן (lšn): see 4387

4387 לָשַׁן (lā·šǎn): v.; ≡ Str 3960; TWOT 1131—LN 33.387–33.403 (poel part) slander, i.e., speak words of insult to another or about another (Ps 101:5 Q+); (hif impf.) slander (Pr 30:10+)

לָשֹׁן (lā·šōn): see 4383

4388 לֶשַׁע (lě·šǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3962;—LN 93-place (loc.) Lasha: site on the eastern side of the Canaanite clans (Ge 10:19+)

4389 לַשָּׁרוֹן (lǎš·šā·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8289;—LN 93-place (loc.) Lasharon: site taken by Joshua (Jos 12:18+)

לַת (lǎṯ): see 3528 (1Sa 4:19+), note: for this anomalous (rule defying) form, see BHS ftn for suggested text

לֶתֶךְ (lě·ṯěḵ) BDB: see 4390

4390 לֵתֶךְ (lē·ṯěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3963; TWOT 1133a—LN 81.20–81.24 dry measure: lethek, i.e., a dry measure of volume, about half a homer (Hos 3:2+), note: variously reckoned: 3 & 1/8 bushels (110 liters), or about a 27 gallon drum; 4 & 3/4 bushels (163 liters), i.e., about one 42 gallon drum; 5 & 1/2 bushels (197 liters), i.e., about one 50 gallon drum, note: see also 2818

‍מ‍, ם

4391 ם (m): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

־ם (m) Holladay: particle—LN 91.6–91.12 emphasis, i.e., a marker of slight emphasis (or possibly other functions) to the word it is attached to as an enclitic (2Sa 22:16; Ps 18:16[EB 15]), note: a comparison of the first two words of these verses shows a mem that is in one text, scholars believe this is an enclitic mem attached to “valleys” and is thus a marker of possibly slight emphasis (of merely a structural marker for case in a sentence); some scholars believe there may be hundreds of these enclitics in the MT

םַ־ (mǎ-): see 4537

םִ־ (mi-): see 4946

4392 ־ָם (ā-m), ־ם (m): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3mp.)—LN 92.11–92.25 them, their, a referential of whom or what is about (Ge 3:21), note: for NIV text in Ps 68:18[EB 17], see 928 + 1198

מֹאָב (mō·ʾāḇ) BDB: see 4566

4393 מַאֲבוּס (mǎ·ʾǎḇûs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3965; TWOT 10b—1. LN 6.4–6.9 feed box, i.e., a feed box for caring for animals (Jer 50:26+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 7.25 granary, storage barn for grain (Jer 50:26+)

4394 מְאֹד (meʾōḏ): adv. [see also 4394.5]; ≡ Str 3966; TWOT 1134—1. LN 78.1–78.27 very, so, greatly, utterly, i.e., pertaining to a high point on a scale of extent (Ge 1:31); 2. LN 78.1–78.27 unit: מְאֹד מְאֹד (meʾōḏ meʾōḏ) very greatly, i.e., pertaining to a very high point, even up to a completive degree on a scale of extent (Ge 7:19; 17:2, 6, 20; 30:43; Ex 1:7; Nu 14:7; 1Ki 7:47; 2Ki 10:4; Eze 9:9; 16:13; 37:10+)

מְאֹד (meʾōḏ): n.masc. [served by 4394]; ≡ Str 3966; TWOT 1134—LN 76 strength, power, i.e., the exerting of force in a situation (Dt 6:5; 2Ki 23:25+), see also LN 74, LN 79.62–79.69

4395 I. מֵאָה (mē·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3967; TWOT 1135—1. LN 60.33 hundred, 100, i.e., a cardinal number (1Sa 25:18), note: the MT text in Eze 42:4, see 285; Eze 42:16, see 564; 2. LN 60.62–60.66 one hundredth, i.e., a fractional part of something, here the charging of one percent interest (likely per month) (Ne 5:11); 3. LN 55.7–55.13 units of 100, i.e., a military unit of a hundred soldiers (2Ki 11:4); 4. LN 60.78 unit: מֵאָה פַּעַם (mē·ʾā(h) pǎ·ʿǎm) hundredfold, i.e., 100 times as much of a quantity (1Ch 21:3); 5. LN 60.78 unit: מֵאָה שַׁעַר (mē·ʾā(h) šǎ·ʿǎr)2 hundredfold, i.e., 100 times as much of a quantity (Ge 26:12); 6. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: שַׂר הַ־ מֵאָה (śǎr hǎ- mē·ʾā(h))1 commander of 100 soldiers (2Ch 23:20)

4396 II. מֵאָה (mē·ʾā(h)): n.pr. [n.fem. as pr.]; ≡ Str 3968;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tower of the Hundred, i.e., a tower on the north wall of Jerusalem (Ne 3:1; 12:39+)

מְאַהֵב (meʾǎ·hēḇ): n.[masc.] [oth piel ptcp. of 170]; ≡ Str 3968;—1. LN 23.61–23.65 lover, i.e., a person who has sex with a partner, cf. a “John” as one who pays for sex (Eze 16:33, 36, 37; 23:5, 9, 22; Hos 2:7[EB 5],9[EB 7],12[EB 10],14[EB 12],15[EB 13]+), note: in context this refers to lovers that are not morally legitimate, see also domain LN 88.271–88.282; 2. LN 34.1–34.21 ally, i.e., a person or nation which has a political/military positive association with another (Jer 22:20, 22; 30:14; La 1:19+); 3. LN 34.1–34.21 friend, i.e., a person who is in an association of affection and personal regard (Zec 13:6+)

מַאֲוַי (mǎ·ʾǎwǎy) Lisowsky, BDB: see 4397

מַאֲוַיֵּי (mǎ·ʾǎwǎy·yê) BDB: see 4397

4397 מַאֲוִיִּים (mǎ·ʾǎwiy·yîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3970; TWOT 40c—LN 25.1–25.11 (pl.) desires, longings, i.e., what one has a wish to experience (Ps 140:9[EB 8]+)

מאוּם (mʾûm) BDB: see 4398

4398 מְאוּם (meʾûm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3971; TWOT 1137a—1. LN 53.33–53.40 spot, moral blemish, i.e., a religious defilement (Job 31:7+), note: see also BHS ftn; 2. LN 79.60–79.61 physical defect, i.e., a feature of a person (Da 1:4 K+), see also 4583

4399 מְאוּמָה (meʾû·mā(h)): p. (indefinite); ≡ Str 3972; TWOT 1136—1. LN 92.11–92.25 something, anything, i.e., a reference to an indefinite entity, event, or state, within a certain class or kind (Ge 22:12); 2. LN 92.11–92.25 unit: לֹא מְאוּמָה (lō(ʾ) meʾû·mā(h)) nothing, not anything, not something, i.e., a negative reference to an entity, event, or state (Ge 40:15); 3. LN 92.11–92.25 unit: אַיִן (ʾǎ·yin) … מְאוּמָה (meʾû·mā(h)) nothing, not anything, not something, i.e., a negative reference to an entity, event, or state (Ecc 9:5)

4400 מָאוֹס (mā·ʾôs): n.[masc.] [KB: qal inf.abs.]; ≡ Str 3973; TWOT 1139a—LN 79.48–79.56 refuse, trash, garbage, i.e., that product which is rejected as worthless, useless, and loathed (La 3:45+)

4401 מָאוֹר (mā·ʾôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3974; TWOT 52f—LN 14.36–14.52 light source, lights, luminary, i.e., that which gives out light (Ge 1:14, 15, 16; Ex 25:6; 27:20; 35:8, 14,28; 39:37; Lev 24:2; Nu 4:9, 16; Ps 74:16; 90:8; Pr 15:30; Eze 32:8+)

4402 מְאוּרָה (meʾû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3975; TWOT 52g—LN 85.67–85.85 nest hole, i.e., a cavity in the ground large enough for a child’s hand to go through, where reptiles dwell (Isa 11:8+)

4403 מֵאָז (mē·ʾāz): adv. [see also 4403.5]—see 4946 + 255

מֵאָז (mē·ʾāz): prep. & c.—see 4403 & 4946 + 255

מאזן (mʾzn) BDB: see 4404

4404 מֹאזְנַיִם (mō(ʾ)·zenǎ·yim): n.[masc.] dual; ≡ Str 3976; TWOT 58a—LN 6.213–6.214 set of scales, i.e., an implement for weighing, consisting of two balance pans with a standardized weight in one pan and the object to be weighed in the other (Lev 19:36; Job 6:2; 31:6; Ps 62:10[EB 9]; Pr 11:1; 16:11; 20:23; Isa 40:12, 15; Jer 32:10; Eze 5:1; 45:10; Hos 12:8[EB 7]; Am 8:5; Mic 6:11+), note: this instrument can refer to just and right circumstances

4405 מְאָיוֹת (meʾāy·wōṯ): n.fem.pl.—see 4395 (2Ki 11:4 K,9 K,10 K,15 K+)

4406 מֵאַיִן (mē·ʾǎ·yin): adv.—see 4946 + 402

4407 מַאֲכָל (mǎ·ʾǎḵāl): n.masc. and fem.; ≡ Str 3978; TWOT 85d—LN 5.1–5.22 food, i.e., meat or fruit which is consumed, processed or not processed, storable or perishable (Ge 2:9; 3:6; 6:21; 40:17; Lev 19:23; Dt 20:20; 28:26; Jdg 14:14; 1Ki 10:5; 1Ch 12:41[EB 40]; 2Ch 9:4; 11:11; Ezr 3:7; Ne 9:25; Job 33:20; Ps 44:12[EB 11]; 74:14; 79:2; Pr 6:8; Isa 62:8; Jer 7:33; 16:4; 19:7; 34:20; Eze 4:10; 47:12, 12; Da 1:10; Hab 1:16; Hag 2:12+), note: in some contexts “be food” can refer to being destroyed or killed as a victim of an animal of prey

4408 מַאֲכֶלֶת (mǎ·ʾǎḵě·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3979; TWOT 85e—1. LN 6.4–6.9 butcher knife, i.e., an implement for cutting meat (Ge 22:6, 10; Jdg 19:29+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, i.e., a figurative extension of a knife, i.e., actions which harm and destroy another class of people (Pr 30:14+)

4409 מַאֲכֹלֶת (mǎ·ʾǎḵō·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3980; TWOT 85f—1. LN 2.3–2.6 burning material, i.e., fuel for a fire consisting of any material which will burn (Isa 9:4[EB 5]+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 unit: מַאֲכֹלֶת אֵשׁ (mǎ·ʾǎḵō·lěṯ ʾēš)1 destruction, i.e., formally, fuel for a fire, as an figurative extension of being destroyed (Isa 9:18[EB 19]+)

4410 מַאֲמָץ (mǎ·ʾǎmāṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3981; TWOT 117e—1. LN 42.7–42.28 effort, exertion, i.e., what is done or performed (Job 36:19+), note: synthetic parallelism favors this interpretation; 2. LN 68.63–68.78 unit: כֹּחַ מַאֲמָץ (kōaḥ mǎ·ʾǎmāṣ) mighty effort, exertion, i.e., to do something intensely (Job 36:19+), note: for another interp, see next; 3. LN 65.1–65.16 expenditures, i.e., the spending of wealth or things of value (Job 36:19+), note: synonymous parallelism favors this interpretation

מַאֲמַצִּים (mǎ·ʾǎmǎṣ·ṣîm) BDB: see 4410

4411 מַאֲמָר (mǎ·ʾǎmār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3982; TWOT 118e—1. LN 33.323–33.332 command, decree, i.e., something stated that has power to enforce (Est 1:15; 9:32+); 2. LN 33.224–33.250 instruction, something spoken which may be a command or direct order but is more relational and related to teaching (Est 2:20+)

מאן (mʾn): see 4412

4412 מָאַן (mā·ʾǎn): v.; ≡ Str 3985; TWOT 1138—1. LN 31.14–31.25 (piel) refuse, i.e., not agree or consent to a proposition or situation (Ge 39:8; Ex 22:16[EB 17]); 2. LN 39.34–39.41 (piel) resist, i.e., be in a state of rebellion and defiant to an authority (Isa 1:20)

4413 מָאֵן (mā·ʾēn) BDB: adj. [oth piel act.ptcp. of 4412]; ≡ Str 3986; TWOT 1138a—see 4412 (Ex 7:27; 9:2; 10:4; Jer 38:21+), note: Ex 22:16 with the same form is an inf. cs.

4414 מֵאֵן (mē·ʾēn) BDB: adj. [oth piel act.ptcp. or piel 3ms. of 4412]; ≡ Str 3987; TWOT 1138b—see 4412 (Jer 13:10+)

מאס (mʾs)[1] Lisowsky, KB: see 4415

מאס (mʾs)[2] Lisowsky, KB, Holladay: see 4416

4415 I. מָאַס (mā·ʾǎs): v.; ≡ Str 3988; TWOT 1139, 1140—1. LN 34.40–34.41 (qal) reject, i.e., be in a state of limiting or avoiding an association (Lev 26:15); (nif) despised, rejected, i.e., pertaining to limiting or avoiding association (Isa 54:6; Jer 6:30+), note: in some contexts a covenant or marriage association; 2. LN 25.186–25.188 (qal) despise, spurn, disdain, scorn, i.e., be in a state of having feelings of aversion or great displeasure (Pr 15:32); (nif) loathed, vile, formally, rejected, i.e., pertaining to one for which another has feelings of aversion (Ps 15:4+), note: Job 7:16 some parse as 4416

4416 II. מָאַס (mā·ʾǎs): v.; ≡ Str 3988; TWOT 1139—1. LN 23.142–23.184 (nif) festering, formally, vanishing, i.e., pertaining to the breakdown of normal skin tissue as a figurative extension of dissolving or melting of an object (Job 7:5+); 2. LN 13.48–13.68 (nif) vanishing, dissolving, i.e., pertaining to a change of state presence to absence (Ps 58:8[EB 7]+), note: Job 7:16 some parse as 4415

4417 מְאַסֵּף (meʾǎs·sēp̄): n.[masc.] [oth piel act.ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 622; TWOT 140—LN 55.7–55.13 rear-guard, i.e., a civil or military unit which is in the anterior or back areas of a camp or march (Nu 10:25; Jos 6:9; 6:13; Isa 52:12; 62:9+), note: Isa 62:9; Jdg 19:15, 18, NIV parses as 665 piel

4418 מַאֲפֶה (mǎ·ʾǎp̄ě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3989; TWOT 143a—LN 5.1–5.22 something baked, i.e., in context a grain flour product, baked in an ancient fire oven (Lev 2:4+)

4419 מַאֲפֵל (mǎ·ʾǎp̄ēl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3990; TWOT 145e—LN 14.53–14.62 darkness, i.e., the physical lack of light, with the possible associative meaning of protection from enemies (Jos 24:7+)

4420 מַאְפֵּלְיָה (mǎʾ·pē·leyā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3991; TWOT 145f—LN 21.1–21.5 great darkness, deep darkness, i.e., a figurative extension of physical darkness, so a state of lostness, and danger (Jer 2:31+), note: some think the ending of this word is a poetic form of 3363, “darkness of the LORD” but more likely this is an enclitic of emphasis

מאר (mʾr): see 4421

4421 מָאַר (mā·ʾǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3992; TWOT 1141—1. LN 20.12–20.30 (hif ptcp.) destructive, formally, break open, i.e., pertaining to that which is harmful or malignant, as an extension of a violent action of breaking open an object (Lev 13:51, 52; 14:44+), note: in context a fungus or mildew that harms animal or plant products like leather, wool, fabric; 2. LN 24.77–24.94 (hif ptcp.) painful, formally, break open, i.e., pertaining to a negative physical response to the body (Eze 28:24+)

מַאְרָב (mǎʾ·rāḇ) Lisowsky: see 4422

4422 מַאֲרָב (mǎ·ʾǎrāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3993; TWOT 156e—1. LN 39.51 the act. of ambush (Ps 10:8+); 2. LN 39.51 place of ambush, i.e., a hiding place from which to launch an ambush (Jos 8:9; Jdg 9:35+); 3. LN 39.51 ambushers, i.e., troops in an ambush (2Ch 13:13+)

מְאָרְבִים (meʾār·ḇîm): n.masc.(pl.) [oth piel ptcp. of 741]; ≡ Str 3993; TWOT 156e—LN 39.51 ambushers, i.e., ones who lie in wait to harm others, strongly implying a surprise attack (Jdg 9:25; 2Ch 20:22+)

4423 מְאֵרָה (meʾē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3994; TWOT 168a—LN 33.470–33.475 a curse, i.e., the content of what is spoken to injure another (Dt 28:20; Pr 3:33; 28:27; Mal 2:2; 3:9+)

4424 מֵאֲשֶׁר (mē·ʾǎšěr): pt. and c.—see 889 + 4946

מֵאֵשׁתַּם (mē·ʾēš·tǎm) Holladay: see 836 + 9447 (Jer 6:29 K+)

4425 מֵאֵת (mē·ʾēṯ): prep.; ≡ Str 854; TWOT 187—4946 + 907

מֹבָא (mō·ḇā(ʾ)) Holladay: see 4569 (2Sa 3:25 Q)

מִבְדָּלָה (miḇ·dā·lā(h)) BDB: see 4426

4426 מִבְדָּלוֹת (miḇ·dā·lôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 3995; TWOT 203b—LN 1.79–1.81 enclave, i.e., an area or place within a larger region, a place singled out for a group (Jos 16:9+)

4427 מָבוֹא (mā·ḇô(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3996, 3997;—1. LN 7.39 entrance, entryway, i.e., the pathway into a secured area (Jdg 1:24, 25); 2. LN 83.18–83.22 outskirts, i.e., a peripheral area (1Ch 4:39); 3. LN 7.39 unit: מָבוֹא פֶּתַח (mā·ḇô(ʾ) pě·ṯǎḥ) entrance (Pr 8:3+); 4. LN 15.114 unit: מָבוֹא הַ־ שֶׁמֶשׁ (mā·ḇô(ʾ) hǎ- šě·měš) sunset (Dt 11:30); 5. LN 82.1–82.6 unit: מָבוֹא הַ־ שֶׁמֶשׁ (mā·ḇô(ʾ) hǎ- šě·měš) west, i.e., the place of the setting of the sun (Jos 1:4; 23:4); 6. LN 15.93–15.96 the act. of entrance, i.e., a linear movement (Eze 26:10)

4428 מְבוּכָה (meḇû·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 3998; TWOT 214a—1. LN 25.251–25.269 terror, i.e., a state of alarm and great fear, with a strong implication of being dazed or confused (Isa 22:5+); 2. LN 25.223–25.250 confusion, i.e., a state of social upheaval and distress (Mic 7:4+)

4429 מַבּוּל (mǎb·bûl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3999; TWOT 1142—LN 14.17–14.35 flood, deluge, i.e., water which covers and inundates in overwhelming proportions normally dry land (Ge 6:17; 7:6, 7, 10, 17; 9:11,15, 28; 10:1, 32; 11:10; Ps 29:10+), note: for MT text in Job 20:28, see 3292

מבונים (mbwnym) BDB: see 4430

4430 מְבוֹנִים (meḇô·nîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 4000; TWOT 239—LN 33.224–33.250 instructor, teacher, i.e., one who educates in Torah (2Ch 35:3 K+), see Q hif ptcp. of 1067, note: the Q as a ptcp. is likely more preferable solution

4431 מְבוּסָה (meḇû·sā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4001; TWOT 216b—LN 37.1–37.32 a trampling down, a figurative extension of an act. of aggressiveness and subduing others (Isa 18:2, 7; Isa 22:5+)

4432 מַבּוּעַ (mǎb·bûaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4002; TWOT 1287a—LN 1.69–1.78 water spring, i.e., an underground source for water, possibly artesian and bubbling (Ecc 12:6; Isa 35:7; 49:10+)

4433 מְבוּקָה (meḇû·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4003; TWOT 220b—LN 57.232–57.248 plundering, devastation, i.e., the result of the act. of theft that pillages and strips a city bare (Na 2:11[EB 10]+)

מבושׁ (mbwš) BDB: see 4434

4434 מְבוּשִׁים (meḇû·šîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4016; TWOT 222d—LN 8.43 male genitals, i.e., the private parts of a man (Dt 25:11+)

4435 מִבְחוֹר (miḇ·ḥôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4004; TWOT 231e—1. LN 65.1–65.16 choicest tree, best, i.e., a thing of very high value compared to a standard (2Ki 19:23+); 2. LN 1.88–1.94 major town, i.e., a very large town, implying it is walled and able to defend itself (2Ki 3:19+)

4436 I. מִבְחָר (miḇ·ḥār): n.[masc.] [poss. F.]; ≡ Str 4005; TWOT 231d—1. LN 65.1–65.16 choicest thing, best, i.e., things of very high value compared to a standard (Ge 23:6; Dt 12:11; Isa 22:7; 37:24; Eze 24:5; 31:16+); 2. LN 55.14–55.22 choice, best, i.e., a soldier (Ex 15:4; Jer 48:15; Eze 23:7; Da 11:15+); 3. LN 7.77–7.79 finished board (Jer 22:7+); 4. LN 5.1–5.22 good cut of meat (Eze 24:4+)

4437 II. מִבְחָר (miḇ·ḥār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4006;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mibhar: great warrior for David (1Ch 11:38+)

4438 מַבָּט (mǎb·bāṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4007; TWOT 1282a—LN 31.82–31.101 hope in, trusting in, relying on, i.e., believe in someone or something to the extent of placing reliance, trust, or expectation, with a focus on the object being trusted in (Isa 20:5, 6; Zec 9:5+)

4439 מִבְטָא (miḇ·ṭā(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4008; TWOT 232a—LN 33.374–33.381 rash promise, imprudent oath, i.e., words spoken in a foolishness or undisciplined manner (Nu 30:7[EB 6],9[EB 8]+), note: see also domain LN 33.470–33.475

4440 מִבְטָח (miḇ·ṭāḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4009; TWOT 233e—1. LN 21.9–21.13 security safety, i.e., free from danger, implying peace and rest for the one in safety (Job 18:14; 31:24; Pr 14:26; Isa 32:18+); 2. LN 31.82–31.101 a state of trust, reliance, or confidence as a belief (Job 8:14; Pr 25:19+); 3. LN 31.82–31.101 object of trust, what one believes in or has confidence (Ps 40:5[EB 4]; 65:6[EB 5]; 71:5; Pr 21:22; 22:19; Jer 2:37; 17:7; 48:13; Eze 29:16+)

4441 מַבָּךְ (mǎb·bāḵ): n.masc.—LN 84.29–84.33 source, i.e., the beginning space from which follows an extension along a path or route (Job 28:11 NIV+), note: some sources repoint MT to masc.p.cs. of 1140 + 4946

4442 מַבֵּל (mǎb·bēl): n.[masc.] [oth 4946 + 1172]; ≡ Str 1097; TWOT 246e—LN 2.3–2.6 (NIV, REB) fire (Job 18:15+), note: for MT text, see 4946 + 1172; note: (NEB cj) “magic herbs;” for more alternate text considerations, see WBC17:407

4443 מַבְלִיגִית (mǎḇ·lî·ḡîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4010; TWOT 245a—1. LN 12.19 Comforter, One Who Cheers Up, i.e., a reference to a supernatural being, (Jer 8:18+), note: text considered difficult to derive meaning by commentators, for text solutions other than MT, see BHS ftn, and WBC25:137; 2. LN 25.146–25.155 comfort, encouragement as an attitude or emotion (Jer 8:18+), note: context would not support well this meaning, see prior entry, or emend text

4444 מְבֻלָקָה (meḇǔ·lā·qā(h)): adj. [Holladay, KB: pual ptcp.fem. of 1191; BDB: v. as adj. or n.fem.]; ≡ Str 1110; TWOT 252—LN 57.232–57.248 devastated, stripped, i.e., pertaining to a city being plundered of all goods and so be devastated and destroyed (Na 2:11+)

מְבֻלָּקָה (meḇǔl·lā·qā(h)) BDB: see 4444

4445 מִבְנֶה (miḇ·ně(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4011; TWOT 255c—LN 7.2–7.25 building, structure, apparently with a focus on the outer appearance and outline on a skyline (Eze 40:2+)

4446 מְבֻנַּי (meḇǔn·nǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4012;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mebunnai: one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:27+), see also 6021

4447 מַבְנִית (mǎḇ·nîṯ): n.fem.—LN 8.1–8.8 frame, body, i.e., the whole of the body with a focus on the mental elements of a being which can respond with sense (Job 20:3 cj+), note: most versions parse as 4946 + 1069

4448 I. מִבְצָר (miḇ·ṣār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4013; TWOT 270g—1. LN 7.2–7.25 fortification, a stronghold, i.e., defensive structure (2Sa 24:7; La 2:5; Na 3:12), note: for another interp in Jer 6:27, see 4450; 2. LN 1.88–1.94 unit: עִיר מִבְצָר (ʿîr miḇ·ṣār)1 fortified city, i.e., a major city that has defensive walls and not a small village or unwalled town (Nu 32:17)

4449 II. מִבְצָר (miḇ·ṣār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4014;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mibzar: of Esau, a chief of Edom (Ge 36:42; 1Ch 1:53+)

4450 III. מִבְצָר (miḇ·ṣār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4013; TWOT 270g—LN 2.49–2.62 ore, i.e., raw unprocessed material from the ground, usually with high densities of precious metals (Jer 6:27+), note: oth parse as 4946 + 1309, still others, see 4448

4451 מִבְרָח (miḇ·rāḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4015; TWOT 284c—1. LN 15.34–15.74 fleeing persons, i.e., military persons in full linear retreat and so vulnerable to vigorous attack (Eze 17:21+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 55.14–55.22 selected person, choice troops, i.e., the very good soldier (Eze 17:21+), see WBC28:253

מברחו (mbrḥw): see 4451

4452 מִבְשָׂם (miḇ·śām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4017;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mibsam: 1. of Abraham, son of Ishmael (Ge 25:13; 1Ch 1:29+) 2. of Simeon (1Ch 4:25+)

מְבַשֵּׂר (meḇǎś·śēr): n.masc. [oth:piel ptcp. of 1413]; ≡ Str 4017;—LN 33.189–33.217 messenger, one who brings news by linear movement (1Sa 4:17; 2Sa 4:10; 18:26; Isa 41:27; 52:7; Na 2:1[EB 1:15]+)

מְבַשֶּׂרֶת (meḇǎś·śě·rěṯ): n.fem. [oth:piel ptcp. of 1413]; ≡ Str 4017;—LN 33.189–33.217 messenger, one who brings news by linear movement (Ps 68:12[EB 11]; Isa 40:9+)

מְבֻשִׁים (meḇǔ·šîm): see 4434 (Dt 25:11+)

4453 מְבַשְּׁלוֹת (meḇǎš·šelôṯ): n.fem.pl. [oth piel act.ptcp.fem.p.]; ≡ Str 4018; TWOT 292b—LN 7.26–7.53 cooking-places, i.e., places for food-cooking fires (Eze 46:23+), note: some parse as a piel of 1418, 4453.5

מְבַשְּׁלִים (meḇǎš·šelîm): n.masc.pl. [oth piel act.ptcp.masc.p.]; ≡ Str 4018; TWOT 292b—LN 46 unit: בַּיִת מְבַשְּׁלִים (bǎ·yiṯ meḇǎš·šelîm) the cooking places (Eze 46:24+), note: other sources, articulated ptcp. of 1418, see also 4453

4454 מָג (māḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7248; TWOT 1143—LN 37.48–37.95 official, i.e., one in authority (Jer 39:3, 13+), see also 8059

4455 מַגְבִּישׁ (mǎḡ·bîš): n.pr. [BDB: N.PR.M.]; ≡ Str 4019;—LN 93-place (loc.) Magbish: site from which some came back with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:30+)

4456 מִגְבָּלוֹת (miḡ·bā·lôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4020; TWOT 307d—LN 47 unit: שַׁרְשְׁרָה מִגְבָּלוֹת (šǎr·šerā(h) miḡ·bā·lôṯ) braided chains, twisted cords, i.e., twisted threads of metal in a crafted way to produce a metal rope-like chain (Ex 28:14+), note: a process of pressure and heat may have been used to somewhat compress the metal (a kind of welding), yet keep some flexibility

מִגְבָּלֹת (miḡ·bā·lōṯ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 4456

4457 מִגְבָּעָה (miḡ·bā·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4021; TWOT 309c—LN 6.152–6.187 (pl.) headbands, i.e., headwear consisting of a sash of cloth configured (conical or convex) around the head much as a turban, suggesting a high, tall configuration (Ex 28:40; 29:9; 39:28; Lev 8:13+), note: the element of “tallness” is ety. driven, but provides a contextual distinction from a turban (פְּאֵר (peʾēr)), so the editor will keep it

מִגְבָּעוֹת (miḡ·bā·ʿôṯ) BDB: see 4457

4458 מֶגֶד (mě·ḡěḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4022, 4030; TWOT 1144a—1. LN 65.1–65.16 choice things, i.e., the best of a class or kind of thing and so having great value (Dt 33:13, 14,15, 16; SS 4:13, 16+), note: in context of the things of nature; 2. LN 57.71–57.124 best gift, i.e., a thing of very good quality or high value given to another without compensation (SS 7:14[EB 13]+), see also 4469

4459 מְגִדּוֹ (meḡid·dô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4023;—LN 93-place (loc.) Megiddo: major Canaanite city in Manasseh (Jos 12:21; 17:11; Jdg 1:27; 5:19; 1Ki 4:12; 9:15; 2Ki 9:27; 23:29, 30; 1Ch 7:29; 2Ch 35:22+)

4460 מִגְדּוֹל (miḡ·dôl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4024; TWOT 315g—LN 7.23 (KJV, NKJV, NASB, NRSV, Tanakh) tower, i.e., a high narrow defensive building, note: the associative meaning of a “tower of salvation” is unclear (2Sa 22:51 Q+), note: NIV and other versions (cf. Ps 18:51), for K see 1540 (hif)

4461 מְגִדּוֹן (meḡid·dôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4023;—LN 93-place (loc.) Megiddon (Megiddo NIV): major Canaanite city in Manasseh (Zec 12:11+)

4462 מַגְדִּיאֵל (mǎḡ·dî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4025;—LN 93-pers. (male) Magdiel: chief of Edomites (Ge 36:43; 1Ch 1:54+)

מִגְדֹּיל (miḡ·dōyl) Holladay: see 4460 (2Sa 22:51 K+)

4463 I. מִגְדָּל (miḡ·dāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4026; TWOT 315f, 315g—1. LN 7.2–7.25 tower, watchtower, i.e., a tall narrow defensive building (Ge 11:4; Jdg 9:51), note: see also 4468; 2. LN 6.118–6.151 container for holding spices, i.e., cupboard; (NEB) chest (SS 5:13+) note: for NIV, RSV, NRSV, NAB text see 1540 (hif), see also BHS ftn, note: for another interp, see next; 3. LN 1.95–1.98 (NJB, Tanakh, REB, ASV, NASB, NKJV) elevated garden, banks, mounds, terraces, i.e., a cultivated place (SS 5:13+); 4. LN 7.63–7.76 podium, i.e., (in this context) a high platform made of wood (Ne 8:4+)

4464 II. מִגְדָּל (miḡ·dāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4027, 4028;—LN 93-place (loc.) Migdal: part of a compound name, Migdal El, see 4466; Migdal Gad, see 4467; Migdal Eder, see 4468

4465 מִגְדֹּל (miḡ·dōl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4024;—LN 93-place (loc.) Migdol: 1. stopping place on route from Egypt (Ex 14:2; Nu 33:7+) 2. another unidentified site in N Egypt (Jer 44:1; 46:14+) 3. yet another unidentified site in N Egypt (Eze 29:10; 30:6), note: possibly same as 2.

4466 מִגְדַּל־אֵל (miḡ·dǎl-·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4027;—LN 93-place (loc.) Migdal El: town of Naphtali (Jos 19:38+)

4467 מִגְדַּל־גַּד (miḡ·dǎl-·gǎḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4028;—LN 93-place (loc.) Migdal Gad: town in the western foothills of Judah, (Jos 15:37+)

4468 מִגְדַּל־עֵדֶר (miḡ·dǎl-·ʿē·ḏěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4029;—LN 93-place (loc.) Migdal Eder: place S of Bethlehem, but N of Hebron (Ge 35:21+), note: some also place Mic 4:8 here, see 4463 + 6373

מִגְדָּנָה (miḡ·dā·nā(h)) BDB: see 4469

4469 מִגְדָּנוֹת (miḡ·dā·nôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4030; TWOT 1144b—LN 57.71–57.124 best gifts, i.e., things of very good quality or high value given to another without compensation (Ge 24:53; 2Ch 21:3; 32:23; Ezr 1:6+), see also 4458

4470 מָגוֹג (mā·ḡôḡ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4031; TWOT 324a—LN 93-pers. Magog: (male) of Noah, son of Japheth (Ge 10:2; 1Ch 1:5+), see also 4470.5

מָגוֹג (mā·ḡôḡ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4031;—LN 93-place (loc.) Magog: land in the extreme north, possibly an area of Asia Minor (Eze 38:2; 39:6+), note: some see the names as symbolic, see also 4470

4471 I. מָגוֹר (mā·ḡôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4032; TWOT 332a—LN 25.251–25.269 terror, horror, i.e., that which causes fear (Ps 31:14[EB 13]; Isa 31:9; Jer 6:25; 20:4, 10; 46:5; 49:29; La 2:22+), note: for this lexeme as a proper name, see 4474, for another interp in La 2:22, see 4472

4472 II. מָגוֹר (mā·ḡôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4033; TWOT 330c—1. LN 85.67–85.85 living as an alien, stay as an illegal immigrant, i.e., live in another foreign land and culture with only minimal status or rights (Ge 17:8; 28:4; 36:7; 37:1; Ex 6:4; Eze 20:38+); 2. LN 23.88–23.128 pilgrimage, i.e., a figurative extension of one’s physical life, as if a traveling experience (Ge 47:9; Job 18:19+); 3. LN 7.2–7.25 lodging place, i.e., a place to live (La 2:22), for another interp in La., see 4471; 4. LN 85.67–85.85 lodging, residence, i.e., the figurative extension of a spiritual or psychological residence (Ps 55:16[EB 15]+), note: Lisowsky parses as 4476, q.v.; for another cj, see also 4473; 5. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת מָגוֹר (bǎ·yiṯ mā·ḡôr)2 lodging place, formally, place of living (Ps 119:54+)

4473 III. מָגוֹר (mā·ḡôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4033; TWOT 330c—LN 26 heart, mind, soul, formally, grain pit, i.e., the area of the inner person which thinks and decides action, as a figurative extension of a storage chamber or repository of valuables (Ps 55:16[EB 15]+), note: most versions parse as 4472

4474 מָגוֹר מִסָּבִיב (mā·ḡôr mis·sā·ḇîḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4036;—LN 93-pers. (male) Magor-Missabib: same as Pashhur (Jer 20:3+), see 7319, note: some index the first part of the name under 4471(1.)

4475 מְגוֹרָה (meḡô·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4034; TWOT 332b—LN 25.251–25.269 dreaded fear, i.e., a terror, with some focus on the anticipation of a future anxiety (Ps 34:5[EB 4]; Pr 10:24; Isa 66:4+)

4476 מְגוּרָה (meḡû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4035; TWOT 330d—LN 7.63–7.76 storage chamber, grain-pit, i.e., a barn-like construction as a granary (Ps 55:16[EB 15]; Hag 2:19+, note: most sources parse Ps as 4473

מְגוּרִים (meḡû·rîm) Lisowsky: see 4472

4477 מַגְזֵרָה (mǎḡ·zē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4037; TWOT 340d—LN 6.215–6.225 (pl.) iron cutting tool, i.e., axes for hewing stone (2Sa 12:31+; 1Ch 20:3b cj), note: for MT text in 1Ch 20:3b, see 4490

4478 מַגָּל (mǎg·gāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4038; TWOT 1292a—LN 6.4–6.9 sickle, i.e., an iron implement with a wooden handle used to cut or mow grain stalks (Jer 50:16; Joel 4:13[EB 3:13]+)

4479 מְגִלָּה (meḡil·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4039; TWOT 353m—1. LN 6.54–6.67 scroll, book-roll, i.e., a section of writing material (likely vellum or papyrus) in rolled up form, not a codex or book (Ps 40:8[EB 7]; Jer 36:2–32 passim; Eze 2:9; 3:1, 2, 3+); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: עוּף מְגִלָּה (ʿûp̄ meḡil·lā(h)) heavenly curse, formally, flying scroll, i.e., a visionary scroll emphasizing a great judgment and heavenly source of a curse (Zec 5:1, 2+)

4480 מְגַמָּה (meḡǎm·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4041; TWOT 361b—LN 59.23–59.34 unit: מְגַמָּה פָּנֶה ־הֶם (meḡǎm·mā(h) pā·ně(h) hěm) all, formally, assembling of their faces, i.e., the totality (Hab 1:9+), note: this is contextually synonymous with כֹּל (kōl) in prior clause, note: Lisowsky “striving?”; KB, BHS ftn cj is 4475

מגן (mgn): see 4481

מגן (mgn)[1] Lisowsky, KB: see 4481

4481 מָגַן (mā·ḡǎn): v.; ≡ Str 4042; TWOT 367e—1. LN 57.71–57.124 (piel) hand over, deliver to (Ge 14:20; Hos 11:8+); 2. LN 57.71–57.124 (piel impf.) present, i.e., give something in a presentation (Pr 4:9+)

מִגֵּן (mig·gēn) BDB: see 4481

4482 I. מָגֵן (mā·ḡēn): n.masc. occasionally fem.; ≡ Str 4043; TWOT 367c—1. LN 6.29–6.40 small shield, i.e., a defensive weapon that protects from attack, made of a frame with leather cover (Jdg 5:8) note: Pr 6:11; 24:34 see 4483; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 ruler, as a figurative extension of a shield (Ps 47:10[EB 9]; Hos 4:18+), for another interp, see 4483, 4484; 3. LN 8.9–8.69 scales of a crocodile as a part of the body, with a focus on it being a protective body part (Job 41:7[EB 15]+); 4. LN 21.17–21.24 defense, i.e., the figurative extension of a shield as an aid or help from danger (Ge 15:1; Dt 33:29), see also domain LN 35.1–35.18; 5. LN 6.188–6.196 ornament, crafted object representation, i.e., a gold ornament in a building (1Ki 10:17), note: for another interp in Ps 47:10[EB 9]; Pr 6:11; 24:34; Hos 4:18, see 4483

4483 II. מָגֵן (mā·ḡēn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4043; TWOT 367c—LN 88.206–88.222 insolence, i.e., acts of hubris (excessive pride) and haughtiness, so displaying improper pride (Ps 47:10[EB 9]; Pr 6:11; 24:34; Hos 4:18+), for another interp, see 4482, note: context likely prefers 4482, especially in Proverbs passages

4484 מֶגֶן (mě·ḡěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4043; TWOT 367c—LN 57.71–57.124 gift, present, i.e., that which has been presented to one, possibly with a quid pro quo (Hos 4:18+), for another interp, see 4483, 4482, note: in context this may be a pejorative term for sexual partner related to cultic, ritual sex, cf. in English “party favor” in reference to prostitute, et. al.

מָגִנָּה (mā·ḡin·nā(h)): see 4485

4485 מְגִנָּה (meḡin·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4044; TWOT 367d—1. LN 6.152–6.187 veil, covering, i.e., cloth that cloaks a part of the body (La 3:65+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 32.24–32.41 unit: מְגִנָּה לֵב (meḡin·nā(h) lēḇ) insolence, stubbornness, formally, veil on heart, i.e., the figurative extension of blindness as a matter of understanding (La 3:65+), see also domain LN 79.114–79.117

4486 מִגְעֶרֶת (miḡ·ʿě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4045; TWOT 370b—LN 33.417–33.422 disapproval, rebuke, reproach, i.e., state what is wrong (Dt 28:20+)

4487 מַגֵּפָה (mǎg·gē·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4046; TWOT 1294b—1. LN 23.142–23.184 plague, i.e., a destructive pandemic disease (Nu 14:37); 2. LN 20.61–20.88 losses, causalities, i.e., persons who have been killed in battle (1Sa 4:17; 2Sa 17:9; 18:7)

4488 מַגְפִּיעָשׁ (mǎḡ·pî·ʿāš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4047;—LN 93-pers. (male) Magpiash: signer of the covenant (Ne 10:21[EB 20]+)

מגר (mgr): see 4489

4489 מָגַר (mā·ḡǎr): v.; ≡ Str 4048; TWOT 1145—LN 15.215–15.221 (qal pass.) be thrown, hurled, i.e., toss an object through the air, with a focus on the helplessness of the object thrown, implying a violent act. when impact occurs (Eze 21:17[EB 12]+), note: some change text to pual; (piel) cast, throw down (Ps 89:45[EB 44]+)

מֻגָּרִים (mǔg·gā·rîm): see 5599 (hof) (Mic 1:4)

4490 מְגֵרָה (meḡē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4050; TWOT 386e—LN 6.215–6.225 saw, i.e., stone-cutting tool for construction (2Sa 12:31; 1Ki 7:9; 1Ch 20:3+), note: KB, BHS ftn, 1Ch 20:3, some change text in second occurrence to 4477

4491 מִגְרוֹן (miḡ·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4051;—LN 93-place (loc.) Migron: 1. place in Benjamin, N of Jerusalem (1Sa 14:2+) 2. another place in Benjamin, N of Jerusalem (Isa 10:28+), note: possibly same as 1.

מִגְרָע (miḡ·rāʿ) Holladay: see 4492

מִגְרָעָה (miḡ·rā·ʿā(h)) BDB: see 4492

4492 מִגְרָעוֹת (miḡ·rā·ʿôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4052; TWOT 384a—LN 7.26–7.53 offset ledges, i.e., a horizontal ledge, which thins to an edge (1Ki 6:6+), note: in context other shapes are possible

4493 מֶגְרָפָה (měḡ·rā·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4053; TWOT 385b—1. LN 2.14–2.28 (most versions) clods of dirt of the cultivated ground (Joel 1:17+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.4–6.9 (BDB, KB, Holladay) digging implement, i.e., a shovel, spade, or hoe (Joel 1:17+); 3. LN 3.47–3.59 (WBC) casing of a fig fruit, i.e., a part of a fruit that covers the seed (Joel 1:17+), note: many note that the meaning of the clause is difficult to determine.

4494 מִגְרָשׁ (miḡ·rāš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4054; TWOT 388c—1. LN 1.60–1.68 pastureland, i.e., untilled open land as environs to a town for pasturage (Lev 25:34; Nu 35:2–7 passim; Jos 14:4; 21:2–42 passim; 1Ch 5:16; 6:40[EB 55]-66[EB 81] passim; 13:2; 2Ch 11:14; 31:19; Eze 27:28; 36:5; 48:15, 17+); 2. LN 1.60–1.68 open space, i.e., a relatively small open area around a building (Eze 45:2+); 3. LN 1.60–1.68 shorelands, i.e., open area near or very near the sea (Eze 27:28+), note: see 4495

4495 מִגְרְשׁוֹת (miḡ·rešôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4054; TWOT 388c—LN 1.69–1.78 open ocean, formally, the pasturelands of the sea (Eze 27:28+) note: KB “unclear as to meaning,” oth, see 4494

מִגְרֶשֶׁת (miḡ·rě·šěṯ): n.fem. [Davidson]—see 4495 the supposed derived form in Eze 27:28+

4496 מַד (mǎḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4055; TWOT 1146a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 clothing, garment, i.e., that which covers the body (Lev 6:3[EB 10]; Jdg 3:16; 1Sa 4:12; 17:38, 39; 18:4; 2Sa 20:8; Ps 109:18+), note: in some contexts the reference from functional clothing as a tunic used to fight in, to ornamental robe as in a priestly dress; note: for another parsing in Job 11:9 and Ps 133:2, see 4500, see also BHS ftn; see also 4503; 2. LN 6.4–6.9 saddle blanket, i.e., a cloth cover on an animal for more comfortable and safe riding (Jdg 5:10+); 3. LN 63.13–63.20 apportionment, i.e., a planned division of something into a decreed portion, implying a choice (Jer 13:25+), see also domain LN 30.86–30.107

4497 I. מִדְבָּר (miḏ·bār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4057; TWOT 399k—1. LN 1.86–1.87 desert, wasteland, barren wilderness, i.e., a relatively large tract of sparsely inhabited land, or virtually empty of habitation, a place providing little or no sustenance (Isa 42:11; Job 24:5; Jer 2:31); 2. LN 1.86–1.87 open land, i.e., large tract of open country or steppe land that is suitable for grazing (Ps 65:13[EB 12]; Jer 23:10; Joel 1:19, 20)

4498 II. מִדְבָּר (miḏ·bār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4057; TWOT 399k—LN 8.19 mouth, i.e., a part of the body that is the instrument of speech (SS 4:3+)

מדד (mdd): see 4499 or 4571 BDB

4499 מָדַד (mā·ḏǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 4058, 4059; TWOT 1146—1. LN 81.1–81.2 (qal) measure, i.e., assess units of a quantity, length, or mass which are then communicable to others in more or less precise terms (Ex 16:18); (nif) be measured (Jer 31:37; 33:22; Hos 2:1[EB 1:10]+); (piel) measure off (2Sa 8:2; Ps 60:8[EB 6]; 108:8+); 2. LN 25.223–25.250 (piel) drag on, i.e., to feel a period of time is extended, implying distress or anxiety in a situation (Job 7:4+); 3. LN 16 (hitpolel) stretch oneself out, i.e., extend the body over an object, but not in extension to a goal (1Ki 17:21+); 4. LN 30.53–30.55 (qal) consider, i.e., give thoughtful evaluation of information and possible course of action as an extension of measuring objects or distance (Eze 43:10)

4500 I. מִדָּה (mid·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4060; TWOT 1146b—1. LN 81.1–81.2 measurement, a size, i.e., unit of measure as a spatial dimension (1Ki 6:25; 1Ch 20:6), note: this may be a measure of length, height, or volume; note: for another interp in Job 11:9, see 4496; 2. LN 79.123–79.128 large, formally, a size, i.e., pertaining to a large building (Jer 22:14); 3. LN 7.59–7.62 section of a wall, i.e., a segment or portion of a larger wall structure (Ne 3:11–30 passim; Eze 45:3); 4. LN 6.152–6.187 garment, clothing, i.e., that which covers the body (Ps 133:2+), note: some parse as 4496; 5. LN 67.142–67.162 unit: מִדָּה יוֹם (mid·dā(h) yôm)1 length of a life, formally, size of days, i.e., an indefinite unit of time referring to the rest of one’s life (Ps 39:5[EB 4]+); 6. LN 79.123–79.128 unit: אִישׁ מִדָּה (ʾîš mid·dā(h))1 tall people, formally, men of size, i.e., pertaining to persons relatively large in height (Isa 45:14)

4501 II. מִדָּה (mid·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4060; TWOT 1146b—LN 57.178–57.185 tax, tribute, i.e., payments of money to a governmental authority (Ne 5:4+)

4502 מַדְהֵבָה (mǎḏ·hē·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4062; TWOT 2125d—LN 22.21–22.28 persecution, i.e., the systematic causing of trouble toward an object (Isa 14:4+), note: KB, Holladay, BDB, DSS, BHS ftn, (apparently) NIV ftn, read as 5290

4503 מָדוּ (mā·ḏû): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4063; TWOT 1148a—LN 6.152–6.187 garment, clothing, i.e., cloth which covers the body (2Sa 10:4; 1Ch 19:4+), note: likely in context everyday wear, like a common tunic, see also 4496

מַדְוֶה (mǎḏ·wě(h))[1] BDB: see 4503 (2Sa 10:4; 1Ch 19:4+)

4504 II. מַדְוֶה (mǎḏ·wě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4064; TWOT 411c—LN 23.142–23.184 disease, pestilence, i.e., what brings pandemic sickness (Dt 7:15; 28:60+)

מַדּוּחַ (mǎd·dûaḥ) BDB: see 4505

4505 מַדּוּחִים (mǎd·dû·ḥîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4065; TWOT 1304a—LN 88.152–88.159 misleading, deceiving, i.e., to lead into a mistaken belief and so into bad behavior, implying enticement (La 2:14+)

4506 I. מָדוֹן (mā·ḏôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4066, 4079, 4090; TWOT 426c—1. LN 33.439–33.445 strife, dissension, i.e., a verbal quarrel (Pr 26:20), see also 4517; note: 2Sa 21:20 Q, for K, see 4515, for NIV text, see 4500; 2. LN 33.439–33.445 source or object of contention (Ps 80:7[EB 6])

4507 II. מָדוֹן (mā·ḏôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4068;—LN 93-place (loc.) Madon: site in Galilee (Jos 11:1; 12:19; 2Sa 21:20+), note: for NIV text in 2Sa, 4500

4508 מַדּוּעַ (mǎd·dûaʿ): adv. interrogative; ≡ Str 4069; TWOT 848h—LN 89.15–89.38 Why?, What?, i.e., a marker of a question with a focus on cause or reason (1Sa 20:2)

4509 מְדוּרָה (meḏû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4071; TWOT 418c—1. LN 3.60–3.67 pile of wood for building a fire (Eze 24:9+), note: though ety. suggests a circular pile of wood, the context does not make that point clear; 2. LN 52 funeral pyre, i.e., a place for burning wood to consume a dead body, which of course includes the pile of wood also in it (Isa 30:33+)

מְדוּשָׁה (meḏû·šā(h)) Lisowsky: see 4536

4510 מִדְחֶה (miḏ·ḥě(h)): n.[fem.] [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 4072; TWOT 420b—LN 20.12–20.30 downfall, i.e., that which causes ruin or hurt to another (Pr 26:28+)

4511 מַדְחֵפָה (mǎḏ·ḥē·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4073; TWOT 423a—LN 19.1–19.13 (pl.) blow after blow (Ps 140:12[EB 11]+), note: to hunt down and result in repeatedly striking or possibly push down

מַדְחֵפֹת (mǎḏ·ḥē·p̄ōṯ) BDB: see 4511

4512 מָדַי (mā·ḏǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4074;—LN 93-pers. 1. (male) Madai: of Noah, son of Japheth (Ge 10:2; 1Ch 1:5+), see also next 2. (gent.) Medes: pertaining to Media or Madai (2Ki 17:6; 18:11; Da 9:1), see also 4512.5, 4213

מָדַי (mā·ḏǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4074;—LN 93-place (terr) Media: area S of the Caspian Sea (2Ki 17:6; 18:11), see also 4512

4513 מָדִי (mā·ḏî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4075;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Mede: pertaining to Media or Madai (Da 11:1+), see 4512, 4512.5

4514 מַדַּי (mǎd·dǎy): see 1896 + 4537 (2Ch 30:3+)

4515 מָדִין (mā·ḏîn): n.masc.—see 4506 (2Sa 21:20 K+), for NIV text see 4500

4516 מִדִּין (mid·dîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4081;—LN 93-place (loc.) Middin: southern-desert town of Judah, (Jos 15:61+)

4517 I. מִדְיָן (miḏ·yān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4067; TWOT 1146d—see 4506 (Pr 6:14 Q; 18:18, 19 Q; 19:13; 21:9, 19 Q; 23:29 Q; 25:24 Q; 26:21 Q; 27:15 Q)

4518 II. מִדְיָן (miḏ·yān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4080;—LN 93-pers. Midian: 1. (male) son of Abraham-Keturah (Ge 25:2) 2. (gent.) Midianite: people pertaining to Midian 1 (Nu 25:15, 18)

מִדְיָן (miḏ·yān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4080;—LN 93-place (loc.) Midian: an area usually defined as NW Arabia, though at times pushing into Trans-jordan and Sinai (Ex 2:15; Hab 3:7)

4519 מְדִינָה (meḏî·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4082; TWOT 426d—LN 1.82–1.85 province, i.e., an administrative district of a kingdom (1Ki 20:14–19 passim; Ezr 2:1; Ne 1:3; 7:6; 11:3; Est 1:1–9:30 passim; Ecc 2:8; 5:7; La 1:1; Eze 19:8; Da 8:2; 11:24+), note: districts of Israel, Babylon, and Persia

4520 מִדְיָנִי (miḏ·yā·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4084, 4092;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Midianite: pertaining to Midian (Ge 37:28), see 4518, 4518.5, note: for MT text in Ge 37:36, see 4527

מִדְיָנִים (miḏ·yā·nîm) BDB: see 4506

4521 מְדֹכָה (meḏō·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4085; TWOT 413a—LN 6.118–6.151 mortar, i.e., a container which holds the substance which is crushed with the pestle instrument (Nu 11:8+)

4522 מַדְמֵן (mǎḏ·mēn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4086;—LN 93-place (loc.) Madmen: town in Moab (Jer 48:2+), note: some relate to 4523

4523 I. מַדְמֵנָה (mǎḏ·mē·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4087; TWOT 441b—LN 8.77 manure-pile, dung-heap, i.e., a pile of animal feces mixed with other straw or plant material (Isa 25:10+), note: this may also be a pit being filled as opposed to a pile, note: some relate to 4522

4524 II. מַדְמֵנָה (mǎḏ·mē·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4088;—LN 93-place (loc.) Madmenah: site in Benjamin (Isa 10:31+)

4525 I. מַדְמַנָּה (mǎḏ·mǎn·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4089;—LN 93-pers. (male) Madmannah: of Caleb (1Ch 2:49+), see also 4526

4526 II. מַדְמַנָּה (mǎḏ·mǎn·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4089;—LN 93-place (loc.) Madmannah: town in southern Judah, (Jos 15:31+), see also 4525

4527 I. מְדָן (meḏān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4091;—LN 93-pers. Medan: (male) son of Abraham-Keturah (Ge 25:2; 1Ch 1:32+)

4528 II. מְדָן (meḏān): n.masc.—see 4506 (Pr 6:19+)

מְדָנִים (meḏā·nîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4067; TWOT 1146d—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Medanites: pertaining to Medan (Ge 37:36 K+), see BHS ftn (4520), see also Tanakh ftn; see also 4527

מַדַּע (mǎd·dǎʿ): see 4529

4529 מַדָּע (mǎd·dāʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4093; TWOT 848g—1. LN 28.1–28.16 knowledge, i.e., information with a focus on skill and wisdom with that data (2Ch 1:10, 11, 12; Da 1:4, 17+), see also domain LN 32.24–32.41; 2. LN 7.26–7.53 bedroom (Ecc 10:20+), for another interp, see next; 3. LN 26 thoughts, i.e., the silent mental thought (Ecc 10:20+)

מַדֻּעַ (mǎd·dǔaʿ) Holladay: see 4508 (Eze 18:19+)

מֹדַע (mō·ḏǎʿ) Lisowsky: see 4530

4530 מֹדָע (mō·ḏāʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4129; TWOT 848e—LN 10.1–10.13 kinsman, i.e., a distant relative (Ru 2:1 Q; Pr 7:4+), note: in one context relative by marriage, and the other possibly by blood

4531 מֹדַעַת (mō·ḏǎ·ʿǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4130; TWOT 848f—LN 10.1–10.13 kinship, i.e., to be in a state of a distant relative (Ru 3:2+)

מַדְקָרָה (mǎḏ·qā·rā(h)) BDB: see 4532

4532 מַדְקֵרָה (mǎḏ·qē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4094; TWOT 449a—LN 19.14–19.26 a stab, thrust, i.e., the piercing motion of a sword (Pr 12:18+)

מַדְקְרוֹת (mǎḏ·qerôṯ) BDB: see 4532

4533 מַדְרֵגָה (mǎḏ·rē·ḡā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4095; TWOT 452a—LN 1.46–1.50 steep mountainside, cliff, i.e., a very steep wall of an elevation (SS 2:14; Eze 38:20+) [steep way Lisowsky]

מְדֻרָה (meḏǔ·rā(h)) BDB: see 4509 (Isa 30:33)

4534 מִדְרָךְ (miḏ·rāḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4096; TWOT 453b—LN 81.15–81.19 tiny amount of space, a place wide enough to place the sole of a foot or make a footprint, i.e., a very small space (Dt 2:5+)

4535 מִדְרָשׁ (miḏ·rāš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4097; TWOT 455a—LN 33.35–33.68 annotation, written edition of events and sayings, i.e., an edited exposition of historical events and sayings (2Ch 13:22; 24:27+), note: it is not clear from these contexts if this is a mere chronicling of events or more of a highly edited didactic tool in the later sense of “midrash.”

4536 מְדֻשָׁה (meḏǔ·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4098; TWOT 419b—LN 22.21–22.28 thing trodden on, that which is threshed by trampling on a threshing floor, i.e., as a figurative extension of a downtrodden, beaten, distressed people (Isa 21:10+)

מַה־ (mǎ(h)-): see 4537

4537 מָה (mā(h)): adv.; ≡ Str 4078, 4100; TWOT 425—1. LN 92.11–92.25 What?, Who?, i.e., a marker of a question, referring to a person or thing (Ge 20:10; Ex 16:7); 2. LN 89.15–89.38 Why?, i.e., an interrogative marker of cause or reason (Ge 4:6); 3. LN 59.1–59.10 How many?, i.e., an interrogative marker of a quantity of objects, events, or entities (2Sa 19:35[EB 34]); 4. LN 92.11–92.25 what, who, whoever, whatever, anything, i.e., a marker referring to a person or thing being written about, definite or indefinite (1Sa 25:17); 5. how, i.e., a marker of a relatively high degree on a scale (Ge 28:17), see also domain LN 91.6–91.12; 6. LN 89.81–89.86 how, i.e., a marker of manner (Jdg 13:8), note: further study may yield more domains

מָה (mā(h)): p. (interrogative & indicative) & prep.—see 4537

מָה־ (mā(h)-), מַה־ (mǎ(h)-), מֶה (mě(h)), םַ־ (mǎ-), םָ־ (mā-): see 4537

מההּ (mhh): see 4538

4538 מָהַהּ (mā·hǎh): v.; ≡ Str 4102; TWOT 1150—LN 67.118–67.135 (hitpalpel) delay, tarry, wait, linger, hesitate, i.e., extend a period of time of any length (Ge 19:16; 43:10; Ex 12:39; Jdg 3:26; 19:8; 2Sa 15:28; Ps 119:60; Hab 2:3+), note: KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASB, NEB, for another meaning in Isa 29:9, see 9449

מְהוֹלָל (mehô·lāl): n.masc. [oth piel ptcp.masc.sing. of 2147]; ≡ Str 4102; TWOT 1150—LN 32.42–32.61 foolishness, folly, an act. which shows a lack of understanding (Ecc 2:2+)

4539 מְהוּמָה (mehû·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4103; TWOT 486a—LN 32.1–32.10 confusion, i.e., a state of discomfiture (uncomfortableness) and consternation because one is not understanding a situation, and so implying turmoil and panic (Dt 7:23; 28:20; 1Sa 5:9, 11; 14:20; 2Ch 15:5; Pr 15:16; Isa 22:5; Eze 7:7; 22:5; Am 3:9; Zec 14:13), see also domain LN 25.223–25.250

4540 מְהוּמָן (mehû·mān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4104;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mehuman: eunuch official of King Xerxes (Est 1:10+)

4541 מְהֵיטַבְאֵל (mehê·ṭǎḇ·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4105;—LN 93-pers. Mehetabel: 1. (female) wife of an Edomite king (Ge 36:39; 1Ch 1:50+) 2. (male) grandfather of Shemaiah (Ne 6:10+), note: some think this entry possibly grandmother

4542 מָהִיר (mā·hîr): adj.; ≡ Str 4106; TWOT 1152c—1. LN 28.1–28.16 skilled, well-versed, experienced, i.e., having the knowledge and skill in a subject (Ezr 7:6; Ps 45:2[EB 1]; Pr 22:29+); 2. LN 68.79–68.82 expeditious, i.e., pertaining to executing an action in a prompt and prudent manner, implying rapidity and diligence to the task (Isa 16:5+), for another interp, see next

מהל (mhl): see 4543

4543 מָהַל (mā·hǎl): v.; ≡ Str 4107; TWOT 1151—LN 63.9–63.12 (qal pass.) be diluted, i.e., to weaken the flavor, color, or effect of one substance (usually liquid) by mixing with another inert substance (Isa 1:22+)

4544 מַהֲלָךְ (mǎ·hǎlāḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4108, 4109; TWOT 498d—1. LN 1.99–1.105 passageway, i.e., a pathway to get from one area to another (Eze 42:4+), see also domain LN 7.63–7.76; 2. LN 15.18–15.26 journey, i.e., traveling a certain distance (Ne 2:6; Jnh 3:3, 4+); 3. LN 87.19–87.57 access, i.e., a place of status and association (Zec 3:7+), note: if this is a specific place to stand, see domain LN 83.9–83.17

4545 מַהֲלָל (mǎ·hǎlāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4110; TWOT 500b—1. LN 33.262–33.273 reputation, praise, i.e., positive spoken words about a person (Pr 27:21+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.365–33.367 flattery, i.e., words of praise toward the conduct of a person, but with a focus on words that are exaggerated or false, and may produce an improper response in the recipient (Pr 27:21+)

4546 מַהֲלַלְאֵל (mǎ·hǎlǎl·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4111;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mahalalel: 1. of Noah, through Seth (Ge 5:12–17 passim; 1Ch 1:2+), see also 3435 2. of Judah (Ne 11:4+)

4547 מַהֲלֻמוֹת (mǎ·hǎlǔ·môṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4112; TWOT 502c—LN 19.1–19.13 beating, strokes, hits, i.e., repeated physical blows to a body as a punishment (Pr 18:6; 19:29+), see also domain LN 38.1–38.13

4548 מָהֵם (mā·hēm): see 4537 + 2157 (Eze 8:6+)

מהמהּ (mhmh): see 4538

מַהֲמֹרָה (mǎ·hǎmō·rā(h)) BDB: see 4549

4549 מַהֲמֹרוֹת (mǎ·hǎmō·rôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4113; TWOT 509a—LN 1.51–1.59 miry pits, i.e., pits filled with rain water, which act. as a trap, with the associative meaning of a place which kills (Ps 140:11[EB 10]+)

4550 מַהְפֵּכָה (mǎh·pē·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4114; TWOT 512d—LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, demolishing, ruin, i.e., an overthrow implying a change of state (Dt 29:22[EB 23]; Isa 1:7; 13:19; Jer 49:18; 50:40; Am 4:11+), see also domain LN 13.48–13.68

4551 מַהְפֶּכֶת (mǎh·pě·ḵěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4115; TWOT 512e—1. LN 6.26–6.28 stocks, i.e., a framework used to punish and confine a prisoner, suggesting in a crooked posture or distortion for discomfort (Jer 20:2, 3; 29:26+); 2. LN 7.24 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ מַהְפֶּכֶת (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- mǎh·pě·ḵěṯ) prison, formally, house of stocks (2Ch 16:10+)

4552 מְהוֹלָה (mehô·lā(h)): n.pr.—see 4689.5, 71 GK error

4553 מְהֻקְצָעוֹת (mehǔq·ṣā·ʿôṯ): n.[fem.] [oth hof ptcp. of 7910]—LN 7.26–7.53 corner-rooms, i.e., a room as a part of a construction (Eze 46:22), note: the MT has special notation on this last word of Eze 46:22, see BHS ftn

I. מהר (mhr): see 4554

II. מהר (mhr): see 4555

4554 I. מָהַר (mā·hǎr): v.; ≡ Str 4116; TWOT 1152—1. LN 88.93–88.99 (nif) impetuous, be rash, formally, hurried, i.e., pertaining to actions which are energetic, yet without wisdom or sense (Isa 32:4; Hab 1:6+); 2. LN 25.251–25.269 (nif) fearful, disturbed, formally, hurried, i.e., pertaining to an attitude of severe distress, often with a focus on future events, as an extension of making hurried, rash movements (Isa 35:4+); 3. LN 13.69–13.103 (nif) not exist, formally, hurry away, i.e., have an event no longer exist, as an extension of an object hurrying away or out of sight (Job 5:13+), note: NIV translates “swept away”; 4. LN 68.79–68.82 (piel) do quickly, do at once, be soon, i.e., do something in a hurried manner implying great energy and shortening a period of time as contrasted with a delay (1Sa 9:12), note: for another interp in Ps 16:4, see 4555

4555 II. מָהַר (mā·hǎr): v.; ≡ Str 4117; TWOT 1153—LN 57.71–57.124 (qal) pay the purchase price for a bride, as necessary gift or present to the bride’s father to complete the social arrangements of marriage (Ex 22:15[EB 16]+), for another interp in Ps 16:4, see 4554 (piel)

4556 I. מַהֵר (mǎ·hēr): adj. [oth piel act.ptcp.masc. of 4554]; ≡ Str 4117; TWOT 1153—LN 67.78–67.117 swift, fast, i.e., pertaining to relatively brief extent of time (Zep 1:14+), note: also 1Sa 23:22 cj for 4769 + 8011; also, a part of a compound name, Maher-Shalal-Hash-Baz, see 4561, note: see also 4554

4557 II. מַהֵר (mǎ·hēr): adv. [oth piel inf.abs. of 4554]]; ≡ Str 4118; TWOT 1152a—LN 67.78–67.117 quickly, speedily, swiftly, i.e., moving or being in a manner characterized as a brief extent of time (Ex 32:8; Dt 4:26; 7:4, 22; 9:3, 12,16; 28:20; Jos 2:5; Jdg 2:17, 23; Ps 69:18[EB 17]; 79:8; 102:3[EB 2]; 143:7; Pr 25:8+), note: see also 4554

4558 מֹהַר (mō·hǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4119; TWOT 1153a—LN 57.71–57.124 bride-price, bridal purchase price, i.e., things of value given as a compensation to the father of the bride, given as a necessary gift or present to complete the social arrangements in a marriage (Ge 34:12; Ex 22:16[EB 17]; 1Sa 18:25+)

4559 מְהֵרָה (mehē·rā(h)): adv. [see also 4559.5]; ≡ Str 4120; TWOT 1152d—LN 67.78–67.117 quickly, swiftly, soon, at once, i.e., pertaining to a very brief extent of time (Nu 17:11[EB 16:46]; Dt 11:17; Jos 8:19; 10:6; 23:16; Jdg 9:54; 1Sa 20:38; 2Sa 17:16, 18, 21; 2Ki 1:11; Ps 31:3[EB 2]; 37:2; Ecc 8:11; Isa 5:26; 58:8; Jer 27:16; Joel 4:4[EB 3:4]+)

מְהֵרָה (mehē·rā(h)): n.fem. [served by 4559]; ≡ Str 4120; TWOT 1152d—LN 68.79–68.82 haste, hurry, i.e., the concept of doing something with an aspect of rapidity or swiftness (Ps 147:1; Ecc 4:12+)

4560 מַהֲרַי (mǎ·hǎrǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4121;—LN 93-pers. (male) Maharai: one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:28; 1Ch 11:30; 27:13+)

4561 מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (mǎ·hēr šā·lāl ḥāš bǎz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4122;—LN 93-pers. (male) Maher-Shalal-Hash-Baz: son of Isaiah (Isa 8:1, 3+), note: a symbolic name pointing future destruction

4562 מַהֲתַלָּה (mǎ·hǎṯǎl·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4123; TWOT 2514a—LN 31.8–31.13 illusions, deceptions, formally, trifling with, i.e., that which causes an incorrect, untruthful opinion about a belief, implying involvement of the viewer or hearer as if a game or pretend (mocking) situation (Isa 30:10+)

מַהֲתַלּוֹת (mǎ·hǎṯǎl·lôṯ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 4562

מו (mw) BDB: see 4564

־מו־ (mw) KB: see 4564

מוֹ (mô) BDB: see 4784

4563 מוֹ (mô): prep.—see 1198, 4017, 4344, 4564 an end syllable to compound word, or within a word

4564 ־מוֹ (mô): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3mp.)—LN 92.11–92.25 them, their, a referential of whom or what is about (Dt 33:29)

4565 I. מוֹאָב (mô·ʾāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4124; TWOT 1155—LN 93-pers. (male) Moab: 1. son of Lot and his older daughter (Ge 19:37a); (gent.) 2. Moabite: people related to Moab (Ge 19:37b), see 1.; see also 4566, 4567

4566 II. מוֹאָב (mô·ʾāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4124; TWOT 1155—LN 93-place (terr) Moab: area E of the Dead Sea (Dt 1:5), see also 4565

4567 מוֹאָבִי (mô·ʾā·ḇî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4125; TWOT 1155a—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Moabite, Moabitess: pertaining to Moab (Dt 2:11; Ru 1:22), see also 4565

מוֹאֲבִיָּה (mô·ʾǎḇiy·yā(h)) BDB: see 4567

4568 מוֹאל (mô(ʾ)l): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4136; TWOT 1160—LN 83.42–83.45 opposite direction, i.e., a spatial position which is the very contradiction to another’s position (Ne 12:38+), see also 4578

4569 מוֹבָא (mô·ḇā(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4126; TWOT 212b—1. LN 15.93–15.96 the act. of entering, i.e., the linear movement of coming in (2Sa 3:25 Q+); 2. LN 7.39 entrance way, i.e., the place one enters a building (Eze 43:11+)

מוג (mwg): see 4570

4570 מוּג (mûḡ): v.; ≡ Str 4127; TWOT 1156—1. LN 79.7–79.8 (qal) melt, i.e., go from a solid to liquid state, with a focus that this state cannot resist force or power exerted upon it (Am 9:5+); 2. LN 39.42–39.44 (qal) melt, waste away, i.e., be in a state of uproar and chaos, as an extension of a solid turning to liquid and so losing its structure or form (Ps 46:7[EB 6]+); (nif) melt (Isa 14:31+); (hitpolel) melt away (Na 1:5+); 3. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) melt, waste away, i.e., a state of emotional distress or fear, with a focus that one has little or no power to resist this state of distress and anxiety (Isa 64:6[EB 7]; Eze 21:20[EB 15]+); (nif) melted (Ex 15:15; Jos 2:9, 24; 1Sa 14:16; Ps 75:4[EB 3]; Jer 49:23+); (hitpolel) melt away (Ps 107:26+); 4. LN 15.118–15.122 (nif) collapse, formally, melt, i.e., have a structure fall to rubble, as an extension of a solid melting to a liquid (Na 2:7[EB 6]+); 5. LN 79.7–79.8 (polel) soften, formally, melt, i.e., make a solid object less solid by adding water to the mass (Ps 65:11[EB 10]+); 6. LN 15.215–15.221 (polel) toss about, formally, melt, i.e., hurl or throw an object through the air, as an extension of a melted object being unable to resist force or power (Job 30:22+); 7. LN 47.1–47.7 (hitpolel) flow, i.e., the movement of a mass or liquid, as an extension of melting of a solid to a liquid (Am 9:13+)

מוד (mwd), מוד (mwd)[2] BDB: see 4571

4571 מוֹד (môḏ): v.; ≡ Str 4128; TWOT 1157—LN 16 (polel) shake up, convulse, set into motion, i.e., a non-linear motion of quaking (Hab 3:6+)

מוֹדַע (mô·ḏǎʿ), מוֹדָע (mô·ḏāʿ): see 4530

מוט (mwṭ): see 4572

4572 I. מוֹט (môṭ): v.; ≡ Str 4131; TWOT 1158—1. LN 15.118–15.122 (qal) slip, totter, stagger, quake, shake, i.e., make random motions which may result in an object falling, implying lack of motor control due to weakness or other factors (Lev 25:35; Dt 32:35; Ps 38:17[EB 16]; 46:3[EB 2],7[EB 6]; 60:4[EB 2]; 66:9; 94:18; 121:3; Pr 24:11; Isa 24:19a+); (nif) shaken, be toppled, moved (1Ch 16:30); (hitpolel) thoroughly shaken (Isa 24:19b+); 2. LN 75 (qal) fail, formally, fall or stagger, i.e., be in an inadequate state (Ps 55:23[EB 22]; Pr 25:26+); (nif) fall, fail, be shaken (Ps 13:5[EB 4]); 3. LN 22.1–22.14 (nif) be in unfavorable circumstance, formally, stagger, totter, i.e., (Ps 10:6); (hif) cause trouble (Ps 55:4[EB 3]); 4. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) be removed, i.e., have a change of state as an extension of a shaking motion which causes something to fail (Isa 54:10+), note: KB parses Pr 24:11 as n.masc., for another interp, see 4750

4573 II. מוֹט (môṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4132; TWOT 1158a—1. LN 6.52–6.53 carrying frame, i.e., a non-wheeled construction used as a transport device, which likely included poles as a part of the construction (Nu 4:10, 12; 13:23+); 2. LN 6.4–6.9 yoke bar for the neck, i.e., an instrument used on a submissive animal broken for agricultural work, used as a figure for oppression (Na 1:13+), note: in context, the NIV “shackles” would then be tether ropes for an animal; 3. LN 21.9–21.13 slipping, sideslipping, i.e., an instance of instability with sudden motion and loss of balance, which the resulting falling motion is then dangerous to the body; here, as a figurative extension for keeping one secure or safe (Ps 66:9; 121:3), see also domain LN 16

4574 מוֹטָה (mô·ṭā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4133; TWOT 1158b—1. LN 6.4–6.9 yoke bar, i.e., a cross-bar of a yoke assembly (Lev 26:13; 28:10, 12, 13; Eze 30:18; 34:27+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 oppression, i.e., the figurative extension of a yoke as a device that controls an animal or prisoner (Isa 58:6,9+); 3. LN 6.52–6.53 carrying-pole, stave, i.e., a cross-bar on carrying-frame for portering or transport (1Ch 15:15)

4575 מוּךְ (mûḵ): v.; ≡ Str 4134; TWOT 1159—LN 57.49–57.54 (qal) become poor, i.e., have considerably less money and valuables than normal (Lev 25:25, 35, 39, 47; 27:8+)

מוֹכִיחַ (mô·ḵîaḥ): see 3519

I. מול (mwl): see 4576

II. מול (mwl): see 4577

מוֹל (môl) BDB: see 4578 (Dt 1:1)

4576 I. מוּל (mûl): v.; ≡ Str 4135; TWOT 1161—1. LN 53.44–53.52 (qal) circumcise, i.e., remove the foreskin of the penis for ceremonial, social, or ritual purposes (Ge 17:23); (qal pass.) be circumcised (Jos 5:5; Jer 9:24[EB 25]+); (nif) be circumcised, undergo circumcision (Ge 17:10), note: for another parsing in Ge 17:11, see 4909 (nif); 2. LN 53.44–53.52 unit: (qal) מוּל (mûl) … לֵבָב (lē·ḇāḇ) dedicate, formally, circumcise the heart, i.e., commit oneself to a behavior or relationship, as an extension of the ceremony of circumcision (Dt 10:16; 30:6+); 3. LN 53.44–53.52 unit: (nif) מוּל (mûl) … לֵבָב (lē·ḇāḇ) dedicate oneself, formally, circumcise the heart, i.e., commit oneself to a behavior or relationship, as an extension of the ceremony of circumcision (Jer 4:4+)

4577 II. מוּל (mûl): v.; ≡ Str 4135; TWOT 1161—LN 33.463–33.469 (hif) ward off, stop with an oath, i.e., make an action cease or stop (Ps 118:10, 11, 12+), note: in context the ceasing is caused by invoking the name of the LORD in an oath or curse; NIV translates “cut off”

4578 III. מוּל (mûl): prep. [see also 4578.5]; ≡ Str 4136; TWOT 1160—1. LN 83.33–83.41 before, in front of, opposite, i.e., pertaining to a spatial position in the front of an area (Ex 18:19), see also 4568; 2. LN 83.42–83.45 opposite, facing, next to, i.e., pertaining to a position in front of another area, usually with a space between (Dt 1:1)

III. מוּל (mûl): N. [served by 4578]; ≡ Str 4136; TWOT 1160—LN 83.33–83.41 front part, i.e., an area which the anterior of an object or space, in contrast to a rear or side area (1Ki 7:5)

4579 מוֹלָדָה (mô·lā·ḏā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4137;—LN 93-place (loc.) Moladah: southern town in Judah-Simeon (Jos 15:26; 19:2; 1Ch 4:28; Ne 11:26+)

4580 מוֹלֶדֶת (mô·lě·ḏěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4138; TWOT 867f—1. LN 10.1–10.13 family, relatives, i.e., persons and clans related by birth (Ge 12:1; 24:4; 31:3; 32:10[EB 9]; 43:7; Nu 10:30; Est 2:10, 20; 8:6+); 2. LN 9.41–9.45 children (Ge 48:6+); 3. LN 10.1–10.13 birth, i.e., the natural act. of birth and coming to life, with a focus on the identification of that birth with a clan or people (Ge 11:28; 24:7; 31:13; Lev 18:9,11; Ru 2:11; Jer 22:10; 46:16; Eze 16:3, 4; 23:15+)

4581 מוּלָה (mû·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4139; TWOT 1161a—LN 53.44–53.52 circumcision, i.e., the cutting off of the foreskin of male member, as a ritual act. (Ex 4:26+)

4582 מוֹלִיד (mô·lîḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4140;—LN 93-pers. (male) Molid: of Judah (1Ch 2:29+)

4583 מוּם (mûm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3971; TWOT 1137a—1. LN 79.60–79.61 physical defect, blemish, flaw, i.e., an imperfection or blemish in the physical characteristics normally attributed to a creature or person (Lev 21:17; 2Sa 14:25; SS 4:7); 2. LN 33.387–33.403 verbal abuse, i.e., speaking words of slander or mocking (Pr 9:7); 3. LN 88.289–88.318 shame state, i.e., being guilty and so considered by a standard to be in a disgraceful state, with no focus on the feelings of the one in the state of shame (Dt 32:5); 4. LN 25.189–25.202 shame, i.e., a painful feeling of having done something disgraceful (Job 11:15); 5. LN 20.12–20.30 unit: נָתַן מוּם (nā·ṯǎn mûm) cause an injury, formally, give a blemish, i.e., inflict a harm or wound of some kind (Lev 24:19, 20)

מוּמָה (mû·mā(h)) Lisowsky: see 4399

: see 4584, 4925

4584 מְומֻכָן (mewmǔ·ḵān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4462;—LN 93-pers. (male) Memucan: (Est 1:16 K+, note: for Q see 4925)

מון (mwn) BDB: see 4786

מוּסַב (mû·sǎḇ) BDB: see 4585, 6015

4585 מוּסָב (mû·sāḇ): n.masc. [Holladay: hof ptcp.masc. of 6015]; ≡ Str 5439; TWOT 1456b—LN 7.26–7.53 structure which surrounds, i.e., a construction which is on the peripheral of the main building (Eze 41:7b+)

4586 מוּסָד (mû·sāḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4143; TWOT 875d—1. LN 7.77–7.79 foundation stone, i.e., a base stone for a building material for laying a foundation (Isa 28:16+), see also 4588; 2. LN 67.65–67.72 unit: יוֹם מוּסָד (yôm mû·sāḏ) beginning time, formally, day of laying a foundation stone, i.e., the beginning of a duration (2Ch 8:16+)

4587 מוֹסָד (mô·sāḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4144; TWOT 875f—1. LN 1.17–1.25 foundation, i.e., the very bottom or base of a very large geological structure, as the figurative extension of a building foundation (Dt 32:22; Ps 18:8[EB 7]; 82:5; Pr 8:29; Isa 24:18; Jer 31:37; Mic 6:2+), see also 4589; 2. LN 7.26–7.53 foundation, i.e., the base of a city wall and possibly its buildings (Isa 58:12+)

4588 מוּסָדָה (mû·sā·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4145, 4328; TWOT 875—LN 7.26–7.53 foundation, i.e., the base of a building (Eze 41:8 Q+), see also 4586, note: for NIV text at Isa 30:32, see 4592

4589 מוֹסָדָה (mô·sā·ḏā(h)): n.fem. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 4146; TWOT 875f—LN 7.26–7.53 foundation, i.e., the base part of a structure, implying this is the first thing made in a construction (2Sa 22:8, 16; Ps 18:16[EB 15]; Isa 40:21; Jer 51:26+), see also 4587

4590 מוּסָךְ (mû·sāḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4329; TWOT 1492b—LN 6.152–6.187 covering, canopy, i.e., a screen mesh covering of some kind (2Ki 16:18 Q+), note: for K, see 4788

מוֹסָר (mô·sār): see 4591

4591 מוֹסֵר (mô·sēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4147; TWOT 141f—1. LN 6.14–6.22 bonds, chains, shackles, fetters, i.e., implements that bind on hands, feet or even neck (Ps 116:16; Isa 28:22; 52:2+), see also 4593, note: for MT text in Job 12:18 and Pr 7:22, see 4592; 2. LN 6.23–6.25 unit: עֶכֶס מוֹסֵר (ʿě·ḵěs mô·sēr) noose, formally, ankle fetter, i.e., an instrument for trapping animals (Pr 7:22+), note: for MT text, see 4592

4592 מוּסָר (mû·sār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4148; TWOT 877b—1. LN 33.417–33.422 discipline, i.e., a correction that is a minor punishment for teaching which may include a rebuke (Pr 3:11); 2. LN 88.83–88.92 discipline, i.e., self-control as a feature of a wise person, as moral quality (Pr 1:3); 3. LN 38.1–38.13 punishment, i.e., an infliction of a judicial penalty based on a standard (Pr 16:22; Isa 53:5), note: for NIV text in Pr 7:22, see 4591; 4. LN 33.423–33.425 warning, i.e., to speak words about a future event with a focus on changing a behavior or action (Job 33:16); 5. LN 33.224–33.250 instruction, i.e., the teaching of a principle or axiom for life (Ps 50:17; Pr 1:8; 15:33; 23:12), note: for MT text at Isa 30:32, see 4588; note: for NIV text in Pr 7:22, see 4591, note: for NIV text in Job 12:18 and Pr 7:22, see 4591

4593 I. מוֹסֵרָה (mô·sē·rā(h)): n.fem. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 4147; TWOT 141f—1. LN 6.14–6.22 bonds, shackles, chains, fetters, i.e., that which binds to make a prisoner (Ps 2:3; 107:14+), see also 4591; 2. LN 6.4–6.9 tether rope, i.e., that which holds the tamed animal (Job 39:5+); 3. LN 6.4–6.9 straps on a yoke for ploughing or transport (Jer 2:20; 5:5; 27:2; 30:8; Na 1:13+)

4594 II. מוֹסֵרָה (mô·sē·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4149;—LN 93-place (loc.) Moserah: stopping place on route from Egypt (Dt 10:6+), see also 5035

4595 מוֹעֵד (mô·ʿēḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4150; TWOT 878b—1. LN 67.17–67.64 appointed time, designated time, i.e., a particular point of time related to other points of time, with a focus that this time has a purpose designated by an authority (Lev 23:4); 2. LN 67.163–67.200 seasons, i.e., a single unit of a yearly cycle, with distinguishing weather and plant growth patterns that are unique (Ge 1:14; Ps 104:19); 3. LN 67.163–67.200 unit of time, i.e., a specific unit of time, but not necessarily related to a yearly or lunar cycle (Da 12:7); 4. LN 51 feast, i.e., a festival of celebration and/or worship, with a focus that this is a time appointed by an authority, which may include festive meals and offerings to God (Hos 9:5); 5. LN 15.123–15.134 assembly, i.e., a group of persons that meet, usually as a council for a specific purpose or occasion (Isa 14:13), note: in context, this can be natural or supernatural beings who gather; 6. LN 55.7–55.13 army, i.e., a group of soldiers that are assembled together (La 1:15); 7. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד (ʾō·hěl mô·ʿēḏ) Tent of Meeting, i.e., another name for the Tabernacle, the official portable worship tent, with a focus that this tent was only used by appointment, located in a certain place, and authorized persons (Ex 27:21)

4596 מוֹעָד (mô·ʿāḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4151; TWOT 878c—LN 55.7–55.13 soldier’s ranks, i.e., the pre-assigned place for the movements of a soldier (Isa 14:31+)

4597 מוּעָדָה (mû·ʿā·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4152; TWOT 878d—LN 37.96–37.107 designation, appointment, i.e., in reference to a city appointed as a place of refuge (Jos 20:9+)

4598 מוֹעַדְיָה (mô·ʿǎḏ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4153;—LN 93-pers. (male) Moadiah: priestly family head with Zerubbabel from captivity (Ne 12:17+), see also 5050

מוּעָדֶת (mû·ʿā·ḏěṯ): see 5048 (pual ptcp.)

4599 מוּעָף (mû·ʿāp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4155; TWOT 1583a—LN 25.288–25.296 gloom, sadness, discouragement, i.e., a dejection of spirits as a figurative extension of physical darkness (Isa 8:23[EB 9:1]+)

4600 מוֹעֵצָה (mô·ʿē·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4156; TWOT 887b—1. LN 30.56–30.74 plan, scheme, i.e., what is part of the faculty of reason and thought (Ps 5:11[EB 10]; 81:13[EB 12]; Pr 1:31; Jer 7:24; Hos 11:6+), see also domain LN 26; 2. LN 28.1–28.16 counsel, i.e., advice which gives wisdom and knowledge (Pr 22:20+); 3. LN 41.29–41.43 customs, traditions, i.e., what is a particular pattern of practice (Mic 6:16+)

4601 מוּעָקָה (mû·ʿā·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4157; TWOT 1585b—LN 22.1–22.14 oppression, misery, hardship, i.e., a state of bad circumstances as a figurative extension of a burden or load on the back (Ps 66:11+)

מוּפָז (mû·p̄āz): adj.?—see 7059

מופעת (mwpʿt) BDB: see 4602, 4789

4602 מוֹפַעַת (mô·p̄ǎ·ʿǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4158;—LN 93-place (loc.) Mephaath: (Jer 48:21 K+), note: for Q, see 4789

4603 מוֹפֵת (mô·p̄ēṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4159; TWOT 152a—1. LN 76 wonder, miracle, portent, i.e., a marvelous sign showing power, that also causes a response of awe (Ex 7:9; Dt 7:19); 2. LN 33.476–33.489 sign, portent, i.e., a token of a future event (1Ki 13:3, 5; 2Ch 32:24, 31), note: the sign itself is non-verbal but that it will occur in the future is verbally communicated; 3. LN 58.63–58.69 symbol, sign, i.e., a corresponding type (Zec 3:8; Eze 12:6, 11; 24:24; Isa 8:18+)

מוץ (mwṣ) Lisowsky: see 4790

מוֹץ (môṣ) BDB: see 5161

4604 I. מוֹצָא (mô·ṣā(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4161; TWOT 893c—1. LN 33.69–33.108 the act. of going out, utter, issue, i.e., an act. of speaking (Nu 30:13[EB 12]; Da 9:25); 2. LN 15.18–15.26 stage of a journey, i.e., an incremental part of a very long journey (Nu 33:2); 3. LN 41.1–41.24 movement, i.e., habits and patterns of a life as a behavior or conduct (2Sa 3:25); 4. LN 15.101–15.106 rising, i.e., the linear appearing movement of a heavenly object (Ps 19:7[EB 6]); 5. LN 82.1–82.6 the east, formally, the place of rising of the sun, as a spatial orientation (Ps 75:7[EB 6]); 6. LN 7.26–7.53 an exit from a building (Eze 43:11); 7. LN 1.51–1.59 a mine, i.e., a place dug into the earth to get precious metal, as an area below the earth (Job 28:1); 8. LN 15.18–15.26 travel, i.e., make linear movement to another place (Eze 12:4); 9. LN 57.186–57.188 unit: מוֹצָא מִן (mô·ṣā(ʾ) min) import, i.e., the act. of bringing a product into a country (1Ki 10:28); 10. LN 1.69–1.78 unit: מוֹצָא מַיִם (mô·ṣā(ʾ) mǎ·yim) gushing water spring as a body of water (Ps 107:33)

4605 II. מוֹצָא (mô·ṣā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4162;—LN 93-pers. (male) Moza: 1. descendant of Benjamin and King Saul (1Ch 8:36, 37; 9:42, 43+) 2. of Judah and Caleb (1Ch 2:46+)

4606 מוֹצָאָה (mô·ṣā·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4163; TWOT 893d—1. LN 67.65–67.72 origin, i.e., the point at which something begins (Mic 5:1[EB 2]+); 2. LN 8.70–8.77 excrement store-place, i.e., a place where dung is gathered and stored (2Ki 10:27 Q+), for K see 4738

מוּצַק (mû·ṣǎq) BDB: see 4608

מוּצָק (mû·ṣāq)[2] BDB: see 3668

4607 I. מוּצָק (mû·ṣāq): n.masc. [oth hof ptcp. of 3668]; ≡ Str 4164; TWOT 1895c—LN 47 casting of metal, i.e., a molding of a piece of heated, liquid metal into one piece (1Ki 7:16, 23, 33, 37; 2Ch 4:2; Job 37:18; 38:38+), note: there may be overlap in verses with 3668 (hof)

4608 II. מוּצָק (mû·ṣāq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4165; TWOT 897b—1. LN 37.1–37.32 constraint, restriction, i.e., the state or condition of not being able to have freedom from an oppressing authority, as a figurative extension of a narrow place (Job 36:16+); 2. LN 22.1–22.14 distress, hardship, i.e., a state of distress (Isa 8:23[EB 9:1]+); 3. LN 79.70–79.77 freezing, i.e., the state or condition of a sufficient cold, low temperature to make a liquid into a solid (Job 37:10+), note: for another parsing, see 3668

4609 מוּצָקָה (mû·ṣā·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4166; TWOT 897c—1. LN 47 casting of metal, i.e., a molding of a piece of heated, liquid metal into one piece (2Ch 4:3+); 2. LN 47.1–47.7 channel, i.e., a spout or lip of a lamp used in the movements of liquids (Zec 4:2+), note: some translate this as a “pipe.”

מוּצֶקֶת (mû·ṣě·qěṯ) BDB: see 4609

מוק (mwq): see 4610

4610 מוּק (mûq): v.; ≡ Str 4167; TWOT 1163—LN 33.406–33.411 (hif) scoff, i.e., speak word of mocking and derision (Ps 73:8+)

4611 מוֹקֵד (mô·qēḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4168; TWOT 901b—LN 14.63–14.73 consuming hearth, a place of glowing embers, burning embers, note: a strong and specific association with burning and heat, so that the place is not emphasized much as the act. of burning (Ps 102:4[EB 3]; Isa 33:14+), see also 4612

4612 מוֹקְדָה (mô·qeḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4169; TWOT 901c—LN 6.106–6.117 hearth, the top, mostly flat, fire-holding area of an altar, note: there may be a slight emphasis on the burning that occurs on the altar (Lev 6:2[EB 9]+), see also 4611

4613 מוֹקֵשׁ (mô·qēš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4170; TWOT 906c—1. LN 6.23–6.25 snare, trap, i.e., a device to capture an animal (Job 40:24; Am 3:5+), note: the actual device may be any device from a net to a loop, or some other device; 2. LN 37.1–37.32 ensnarement, entrapment, i.e., what captures and controls another, as a figurative extension of a fowler’s net or trap (Ex 10:7; 23:33; 34:12; Dt 7:16; Jos 23:13; Jdg 2:3; 8:27; 1Sa 18:21; 2Sa 22:6; Job 34:30; Ps 18:6[EB 5]; 64:6[EB 5]; 69:23[EB 22]; 106:36; 140:6[EB 5]; 141:9; Pr 12:13; 13:14; 14:27; 18:7; 20:25; 22:25; 29:6, 25; Isa 8:14+)

מור (mwr) Lisowsky: see 4614, 4615

מוֹר (môr) BDB: see 5255 (SS 3:6; 4:6; 5:1, 5,13+)

מור (mwr) Lisowsky, KB: see 4614, 4615

מור (mwr)[1] Holladay: see 4614

מור (mwr)[2] Holladay: see 4615

4614 I. מוּר (mûr): v.; ≡ Str 4171; TWOT 1164—1. (hif) exchange, substitute, i.e., change over possession or control of one thing for another (Lev 27:10,33; Ps 46:3[EB 2]; Jer 2:11ab; Eze 48:14; Hos 4:7; Mic 2:4+); 2. LN 13.48–13.68 (nif) changed, i.e., pertaining to having a change of state (Ps 15:4; 106:20; Jer 48:11+), note: in Jer 2:11a, see also 3558 hif; Ps 46:3[EB 2] see 4615; note: in Isa 61:6, others parse as 607

4615 II. מוּר (mûr): v.; ≡ Str 4171; TWOT 1164—LN 16 (nif) shake, quake, i.e., non-linear movement of the earth (Ps 46:3[EB 2]+), for another interp, see 4614

4616 מוֹרָא (mô·rā(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4172; TWOT 907c, 907d—1. LN 25.251–25.269 fear, terror, i.e., a state of high anxiety and alarm (Ge 9:2; Dt 11:25; Isa 8:12, 13; Jer 32:21+); 2. LN 87.4–87.18 reverence, fear, i.e., respect toward a superior (Mal 1:6; 2:5+); 3. LN 33.476–33.489 awesome deed, a wonder, i.e., a sign that causes awe, as a non-verbal sign of power (Dt 4:34; 26:8; 34:12+), see also domain LN 76; 4. LN 12.1–12.42 One who is feared, i.e., a title of God (Ps 76:12[EB 11]+), note: for MT text in Ps 9:21[EB 20], see 4623 or 4624

מוֹרְאִים (mô·reʾîm): see 4619 (2Sa 11:24 K)

4617 מוֹרַג (mô·rǎḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4173; TWOT 1165—LN 6.4–6.9 threshing sledge, i.e., a sharp sleigh or sled made of heavy wood boards slightly turned up in the front, possibly with stones attached to the underside, to move over grain stalks and dislodge the grain from the husk, as an instrument for harvest process (2Sa 24:22; 1Ch 21:23; Isa 41:15+)

מוֹרָג (mô·rāḡ) BDB: see 4617

4618 מוֹרָד (mô·rāḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4174; TWOT 909a—1. LN 1.46–1.50 slope, i.e., a geographical descent of an elevated area (Jos 7:5; Mic 1:4+); 2. LN 1.99–1.105 descent, i.e., a road going down to a lower elevation (Jos 10:11; Jer 48:5+); 3. LN 6.188–6.196 pendants, hammered ornamental works hanging on panels (1Ki 7:29+)

4619 I. מוֹרֶה (mô·rě(h)): n.masc. [oth hif ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 4175; TWOT 910b, 910c—LN 55.14–55.22 archer, marksman with arrows (1Sa 31:3; 2Sa 11:24 Q; 1Ch 10:3+)

4620 II. מוֹרֶה (mô·rě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4175; TWOT 910b—LN 14.10–14.14 autumn rains, former rains, i.e., the early rains from late Oct. to early Dec. (Ps 84:7[EB 6]; Joel 2:23b+, note: Joel 2:23a some interp as 4621), see also domain LN 67.163–67.200

4621 III. מוֹרֶה (mô·rě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4175; TWOT 910b—LN 33.224–33.250 teacher, i.e., one who communicates to a student information and life-style (Job 36:22; Pr 5:13; Isa 30:20+), as a proper name, see 4622; note: some parse Hab 2:18 as 3723 (hif ptcp.); note: Joel 2:23a some interp as 4620

4622 IV. מוֹרֶה (mô·rě(h)): n.pr. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 4176;—LN 93-place (loc.) Moreh: 1. unidentified hill, possibly near the Valley of Jezreel, related to judge Gideon (Jdg 7:1+) 2. place near Shechem (Ge 12:6; Dt 11:30+), note: BDB translates as “teacher,” so see 4621

4623 I. מוֹרָה (mô·rā(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4177; TWOT 1166—LN 6.215–6.225 razor, i.e., a metal implement to shave hair, knife-like, possible with an elongated end and handle (Jdg 13:5; 16:17; 1Sa 1:11+)

4624 II. מוֹרָה (mô·rā(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4172; TWOT 907c—LN 33.224–33.250 teaching, i.e., give out authoritative information (Ps 9:21[EB 20]+), note: for NIV text, see 4616, see also BHS ftn; note: “razor” may also fit the context, see 4623

מוֹרִיָּה (mô·riy·yā(h)) BDB: see 5317 (2Ch 3:1+)

4625 I. מוֹרָשׁ (mô·rāš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4180; TWOT 920d—1. LN 57.125–57.141 possession, land inheritance, i.e., a place which is received and so owned by someone (Ob 17+); 2. LN 80.1–80.4 suitable place, i.e., occupation of a certain place as a space, with a possibly implication that it is a transferred possession (Isa 14:23+)

4626 II. מוֹרָשׁ (mô·rāš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4180; TWOT 920d—LN 26 desire, i.e., one’s innermost wishes, with a possible focus on the thoughts and plans as a psychological faculty (Job 17:11+), see also domain LN 25.12–25.32

4627 מוֹרָשָׁה (mô·rā·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4181; TWOT 920e—LN 57.125–57.141 possession, i.e., and inheritance that is received (Ex 6:8; Dt 33:4; Eze 11:15; 25:4, 10; 33:24; 36:2, 3, 5+)

4628 מוֹרֶשֶׁת גַּת (mô·rě·šěṯ gǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4182;—LN 93-place (loc.) Moresheth Gath: town of Judah (Mic 1:14+), see also 4629

4629 מוֹרַשְׁתִּי (mô·rǎš·tî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4183;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) of Moreshethite (of Moresheth NIV): pertaining to the town of Moresheth (Gath) (Jer 26:18; Mic 1:1+), see also 4628

I. מושׁ (mwš): see 4630 note: is. switches LN 1 & LN 2

II. מושׁ (mwš): see 4631

4630 I. מוּשׁ (mûš): v.; ≡ Str 4184; TWOT 1168—LN 24.73–24.76 (qal) touch, feel with the hands, i.e., handle or grope an object as a means of exploring one’s environment (Ge 27:21+); (hif) be able to feel, touch (Ex 10:22; Jdg 16:26 Q; Ps 115:7+), note: for Jdg 16:26 K, see 3560; note: Ex 10:22 oth parse as 5491 (hif)

4631 II. מוּשׁ (mûš): v.; ≡ Str 4185; TWOT 1167—1. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) depart, leave, move away, i.e., go to another place out of one’s sight or thoughts (Ex 33:11); 2. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) cease, fail, i.e., stop a state or event (Jos 1:18; Jer 17:8); 3. (qal) remove, i.e., change from one state to another (Zec 3:9); 4. LN 21.17–21.24 unit: (hif) save from danger, formally, remove the neck, i.e., remove oneself from danger, as an extension of removing the neck (a vulnerable part of the body) from an exposed stance (Mic 2:3), note: oth sources parse as qal; note: further study may yield more domains

4632 מוֹשָׁב (mô·šāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4186; TWOT 922c—1. LN 85.67–85.85 dwelling, settlement, i.e., a place to live (Ge 10:30); 2. LN 80.1–80.4 place, site, i.e., a location (1Sa 20:25; Eze 8:3); 3. LN 6.106–6.117 seat, i.e., a place where one sits (1Sa 20:18, 25; 1Ki 10:5); 4. LN 6.106–6.117 throne, i.e., a chair of a king, as a representation of his power (Eze 28:2); 5. LN 67.142–67.162 time interval, i.e., an indefinite period of time (Ex 12:40); 6. LN 63.13–63.20 household members, i.e., those who dwell in residence, who are part of a larger whole (2Sa 9:12); 7. LN 11.12–11.54 unit: מוֹשָׁב זָקֵן (mô·šāḇ zā·qēn)2 council member, i.e., a ruling socio-religious ruling group (Ps 107:32), note: for NIV text in Eze 37:23, see 5412; 8. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת מוֹשָׁב (bǎ·yiṯ mô·šāḇ) house, formally, house of dwelling, i.e., a construction where one lives (Lev 25:29)

4633 I. מוּשִׁי (mû·šî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4187;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mushi: of Levi (Ex 6:19; Nu 3:20; 1Ch 6:4[EB 19],32[EB 47]; 23:21, 23; 24:26, 30+)

4634 II. מוּשִׁי (mû·šî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4188;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Mushite: pertaining to Mushi (Nu 3:33; 26:58+)

4635 מוֹשִׁיעַ (mô·šîaʿ): n.masc. [KB, BDB: hif act.ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 3467; TWOT 929—1. LN 21.17–21.24 savior, deliverer, rescuer, i.e., one (God or human) who delivers an object from danger to a point of safety, usually from physical or military violence (Dt 22:27; 28:29; Jdg 3:9, 15; 1Sa 11:3; 14:39; 2Sa 22:3, 42; 2Ki 13:5; Ne 9:27; Isa 19:20; Ob 21+), note: some of these references may have a focus on relationship with the LORD; note: Dt 28:31; Jdg 12:3; 1Sa 10:19; Ps 7:11[EB 10]; 17:7; 18:42[EB 41]; 106:21, see also 3828 hif ptcp.; see also 4636; 2. LN 21.25–21.32 Savior, religious Deliverer, i.e., a title of God with a focus on the relationship between God and those he delivers, but does not preclude a relationship where God will save in a physical sense (Isa 43:3, 11; 45:15, 21; 49:26; 60:16; 63:8; Jer 14:8; Hos 13:4+)

4636 מוֹשָׁעָה (mô·šā·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4190; TWOT 929d—1. LN 21.17–21.24 (pl.) acts of deliverance, i.e., to cause one to become safe from danger (Ps 68:21[EB 20]+), see also 4635, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 35.1–35.18 (pl.) acts of helping, i.e., the doing of something to help another, showing one’s care for the person (Ps 68:21[EB 20]+)

מוֹשָׁעוֹת (mô·šā·ʿôṯ) BDB: see 4636

מות (mwt): see 4637

4637 מוּת (mûṯ): v.; ≡ Str 4191, 4192; TWOT 1169—1. LN 23.88–23.128 (qal) die, be dead, i.e., be killed and so in a state of physical absence of life (1Sa 31:5), note: for qal ptcp. as noun, see 5492.5; (polel) kill, slay, put to death (Jdg 9:54; 1Sa 14:13; 17:51; 2Sa 1:9, 10, 16; Ps 34:22[EB 21]; Jer 20:17+); (hif) kill, put to death (Ex 1:16); (hof) be put to death, be murdered (1Sa 11:13), note: for MT text in Job 24:12 or Isa 5:13, see 5493; 2. LN 22.21–22.28 (polel) oppress, formally, kill, i.e., cause trouble for others as an extension of violence and mayhem of killing another (Ps 109:16+); 3. LN 20.61–20.88 (hif) assassinate, i.e., kill another as part of a plot (2Ki 15:10); 4. LN 20.31–20.60 (hif) destroy, formally, kill, i.e., destroy a place as a figurative extension of physical killing (2Sa 20:19); 5. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: בְּ־ הַ־ מוּת חָפְשִׁי (b- hǎ- mûṯ ḥāp̄·šî) be dead, formally, be released to the dead ones, i.e., be in a state of death, possibly as an ironic statement heightening the focus of abandonment and forsakenness (Ps 88:6[EB 5]+); 6. LN 10.53–10.61 unit: אִשָּׁה מוּת (ʾiš·šā(h) mûṯ) widow, formally, wife of the dead one, i.e., a person whose husband has died (Dt 25:5a; Ru 4:5); 7. LN 88.271–88.282 unit: כֶּלֶב מוּת (kě·lěḇ mûṯ) scum, formally, dead dog, i.e., a person of very low status (1Sa 24:15[EB 14]; 2Sa 9:8; 16:9+)

מוּת לַבֵּן (mûṯ lǎb·bēn): n.pr.—see 4638 + 4200 + 1201 (as a title in RSV, NRSV, KJV, REB, NAB) Muth-labben, i.e., a proper title of unknown meaning, other versions translate “death of a Son” (Ps 9:1[EB title])

4638 מָוֶת (mā·wěṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4194; TWOT 1169a—1. LN 23.88–23.128 death, i.e., process or state of the physical dying of the body (1Sa 20:3); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 plague, i.e., a pandemic disease that causes death to a population (Job 27:15); 3. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: מִשְׁפָּט מָוֶת (miš·pāṭ mā·wěṯ) capital offense, i.e., a penalty or judgment-sentence of death (Dt 21:22); 4. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: אַל מָוֶת (ʾǎl mā·wěṯ) life, formally, not death, i.e., the state of physical life, with an associative meaning of being in a state of covenantal blessing (Pr 12:28)

4639 מוֹתָר (mô·ṯār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4195; TWOT 936g—1. LN 57.22–57.24 profit, i.e., an abundant accumulation of hard work, so as to have sufficient amount (Pr 14:23; 21:5+); 2. LN 65.40–65.51 advantage, i.e., a value perceived as a benefit (Ecc 3:19+)

4640 מִזְבֵּחַ (miz·bēaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4196; TWOT 525b—LN 6.114 altar, i.e., any construction of various designs, for the placing of gifts or sacrifices in a ritual to deity (Ge 8:20; Ex 38:1)

מַזְבֻּל (mǎz·bǔl) BDB: see 4946 + 2292

4641 מֶזֶג (mě·zěḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4197; TWOT 1170a—LN 6.197–6.202 blended wine, mixed wine, i.e., a naturally fermented grape drink that is diluted with water or possibly mixed with other spices (SS 7:3[EB 2]+), see also domain LN 63.9–63.12

4642 מָזֶה (mā·zě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 4198; TWOT 1171a—LN 78.1–78.27 severe, formally, empty, i.e., pertaining to a high point on a scale of intensity, implying great harm (Dt 32:24+), note: in context, a famine which would cause a destructive loss of weight and breakdown of health, see also domain LN 23.142–23.184

4643 מַזֶּה (mǎz·zě(h)): pt. interrogative; ≡ Str 2088, 4100;—4537 + 2296

4644 מִזֶּה (miz·zě(h)): prep.—see 4946 + 2296

4645 מִזָּה (miz·zā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4199;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mizzah: of Esau (Ge 36:13, 17; 1Ch 1:37+)

4646 מָזוּ (mā·zû): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4200; TWOT 534.1b—LN 7.2–7.25 granary, grain barn, i.e., a construction for storage of grains or possibly other dried food stuffs (Ps 144:13+)

4647 מְזוּזָה (mezû·zā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4201; TWOT 535b—LN 7.63–7.76 doorframe, doorjamb, i.e., a framework for door or gate to anchor to the house (Ex 12:7, 22, 23; 21:6; Dt 6:9; 11:20; Jdg 16:3; 1Sa 1:9; 1Ki 6:31, 33; 7:5; Pr 8:34; Isa 57:8; Eze 41:21; 43:8; 45:19; 46:2+)

מְזָוֵינוּ (mezā·wê·nû) BDB: see 4646 + 5646

4648 מָזוֹן (mā·zôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4202; TWOT 539a—LN 5.1–5.22 provisions, food, i.e., consumables that provide sustenance (Ge 45:23; 2Ch 11:23+)

4649 I. מָזוֹר (mā·zôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4205; TWOT 543c—LN 23.179 boil, ulcer, i.e., a sore on the skin from a disease or infection (Jer 30:13; Hos 5:13+), note: possibly a wound in Jer 30:13

4650 II. מָזוֹר (mā·zôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4204; TWOT 1175a—LN 39.51 ambush, i.e., the plotting and executing of a surprise attack on persons, as the figurative extension of a trap or snare used to capture, see also domain LN 6.23–6.25 (Ob 7+), note: KB gives a possibility of this being a fuller’s (for beating cloth) stick (a pole with an iron hook used by fullers), but not likely

4651 I. מֵזַח (mē·zǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4206; TWOT 1172a—LN 1.60–1.68 (NIV, NAB, Tanakh) harbor, formally, girdle, i.e., a relatively protected cove or area where the land and sea meet, apparently as an extension of a place where wind and wave are restrained (Isa 23:10+), note: KB, Holladay, NJB, derive meaning from another root and so translate “wharf, shipyard,” as a place where construction and repair of boats occurs; see BHS ftn and WBC24:303 for other text solutions

4652 II. מֵזַח (mē·zǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4206; TWOT 1172a—LN 6.152–6.187 belt, i.e., a leather strap or cloth sash to confine and secure clothing (Ps 109:19+), note: KB, Holladay, IDB mention specifically that this is a girdle worn next to the skin

4653 מָזִיחַ (mā·zîaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4206; TWOT 1172a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 belt, i.e., a leather strap around the waist to confine and secure clothing or hold a weapon (Job 12:21+); 2. LN 49 unit: מָזִיחַ (mā·zîaḥ) … רָפָה (rā·p̄ā(h)) 1 disarm, formally, take off the belt, i.e., the act. of making one defenseless or weak by taking off a military belt (Job 12:21+)

מְזִיחַ (mezîaḥ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 4653

מֵזִין (mē·zîn): see 263 (hif ptcp.) (Pr 17:4)

4654 מַזְכִּיר (mǎz·kîr): n.masc. [KB: hif act.ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 2142; TWOT 551—LN 37.35–37.47 recorder, clerk, official secretary that records events and/or keeps records (2Sa 8:16; 20:24; 1Ki 4:3; 2Ki 18:18, 37; 1Ch 18:15; 2Ch 34:8; Isa 36:3, 22+)

4655 מַזָּל (mǎz·zāl): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 4208; TWOT 1173—LN 1.26–1.33 pl. constellation, i.e., a pattern or arrangement of the stars viewed in the sky (2Ki 23:5+), note: this is in reference to astrological context and refers to the abode where the gods live

4656 מִזְלָג (miz·lāḡ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4207; TWOT 552a—LN 6.213–6.214 three-tined meat fork used to get hot meat out of a pot (Ex 27:3; 38:3; Nu 4:14; 1Ch 28:17; 2Ch 4:16+), see also 4657

4657 מַזְלֵג (mǎz·lēḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4207; TWOT 552a—LN 6.213–6.214 three-tined meat fork used to get hot meat out of a pot (1Sa 2:13, 14+), see also 4656

4658 מִזְלָגָה (miz·lā·ḡā(h)): n.[fem.]—see 4656 alt. lex form in BDB

מַזָּלוֹת (mǎz·zā·lôṯ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 4655

4659 מְזִמָּה (mezim·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4209; TWOT 556c—1. LN 30.75–30.85 discretion, i.e., the ability to make proper decisions (Pr 1:4; 2:11; 3:21; 5:2; 8:12; 12:2+); 2. LN 30.70–30.74 scheme, evil plan, a general wickedness with a focus on planning or intent (Job 21:27; Ps 10:2, 4; 21:12[EB 11]; 37:7; 139:20; Pr 14:17; 24:8; Jer 11:15+); 3. LN 30.56–30.74 plan, what is thought and intended by a thinking person (Job 42:2; Jer 23:20; 30:24; 51:11+)

4660 מִזְמוֹר (miz·môr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4210; TWOT 558c—LN 33.109–33.116 psalm, song, a melody with words, i.e., a musical composition with a focus on the words or verbal content of the musical piece (Ps 3:1–143:1 passim+), note: always in the first verse or title of a chapter in the book of Psalms

4661 מַזְמֵרָה (mǎz·mē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4211; TWOT 559c—LN 6.4–6.9 pruning hook, vine-knife, i.e., a husbandman’s pruning iron tool to cut tendrils (Isa 2:4; 18:5; Joel 4:10[EB 3:10]; Mic 4:3+)

4662 מְזַמֶּרֶת (mezǎm·mě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4212; TWOT 559d—LN 6.102–6.105 wick-trimming scissors, i.e., (most versions) a snuffer (1Ki 7:50; 2Ki 12:14[EB 13]; 25:14; 2Ch 4:22; Jer 52:18+), note: it is unclear if this was used to maintain a proper wick, or to extinguish the flame or both

מְזַעְזֵעַ (mezǎʿ·zēaʿ): see 2316 (pilpel) (Hab 2:7)

4663 מִזְעָר (miz·ʿār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4213; TWOT 571b—1. LN 79.123–79.128 smallness, i.e., the concept as the feature of an object (Isa 10:25; 16:14; 24:6; 29:17+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 67.17–67.64 unit: עוֹד מְעַט מִזְעָר (ʿôḏ meʿǎṭ miz·ʿār) very soon, i.e., a point in time shortly subsequent to a prior point in time (Isa 10:25; 29:17+); 3. LN 59.1–59.10 unit: מְעַט מִזְעָר (meʿǎṭ miz·ʿār) few in number, i.e., a very small quantity of something (Isa 16:14; 24:6+)

4664 מָזַר (mā·zǎr): v.—see 2430

4665 מִזְרֶה (miz·rě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4214; TWOT 579a—1. LN 6.6 winnowing tool, i.e., pitch-fork to throw threshed grain into air to separate the chaff (Jer 15:7+); 2. LN 6.6 spreading tool, i.e., a scoop, shovel, or pitch-fork for arranging fodder in front of animals (Isa 30:24+)

4666 מַזָּרוֹת (mǎz·zā·rôṯ): n.[fem.] pl.; ≡ Str 4216; TWOT 1176—LN 1.26–1.33 constellations, i.e., patterns or arrangements of stars viewed in the sky (Job 38:32+), note: this may refer to a particular constellation of the zodiac system, not currently identified

4667 מִזְרָח (miz·rāḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4217; TWOT 580c—LN 82.1–82.6 the East, i.e., the place of the sunrise, as a spatial orientation (Dt 3:27), note: the East is the direction of orientation, much in the way a map always is oriented to the North

מִזְרָח (miz·rāḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4217; TWOT 580c—LN 93-place (loc.) East Gate: an entrance area (1Ch 26:14; 31:14; Ne 3:29+)

4668 מְזָרִים (mezā·rîm): n.masc.pl. [BDB: piel act.ptcp.masc.p.]; ≡ Str 2219, 4215; TWOT 579—LN 14.4–14.9 wind, i.e., a mass of air with force, which can drive and scatter objects, in context a north wind (Job 37:9+), note: NIV translates “driving winds”

4669 מִזְרָע (miz·rāʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4218; TWOT 582f—1. LN 1.95–1.98 seeded field, land sown, i.e., an area of land that has been seeded for a crop, with a focus on the real estate (Isa 17:9+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 43 young crop, i.e., a stage of development of a potential harvest crop, with no focus on the land, but the plants in the land (Isa 17:9+)

4670 מִזְרָק (miz·rāq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4219; TWOT 585a—1. LN 6.118–6.151 bowl used for sprinkling an altar (Ex 27:3; 38:3; Nu 4:14; 7:13–85 passim; 1Ki 7:40, 45, 50; 2Ki 12:14[EB 13]; 25:15; 1Ch 28:17; 2Ch 4:8, 11, 22; Ne 7:69[NIV 70]; Jer 52:18, 19; Zec 9:15; 14:20+); 2. LN 6.118–6.151 bowl for drinking wine (Am 6:6+)

4671 מֵחַ (mēaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4220; TWOT 1181a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 choice sheep, fatling, i.e., a sheep raised for its fat (Ps 66:15+); 2. LN 57.25–57.35 (NIV, NASB) the rich, a figurative extension of a fat choice sheep (Isa 5:17+), note: this verse difficult to translate as noted in many versions, and is deleted from NAB

4672 מֹחַ (mōaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4221; TWOT 1181b—1. LN 8.9–8.69 marrow, i.e., an inner tissue in the bone of an animal or person (Job 21:24+), note: as a food, see LN 5.1–5.22; 2. LN 23.129–23.141 unit: מֹחַ עֶצֶם שָׁקָה (mōaḥ ʿě·ṣěm šā·qā(h)) healthy, formally, marrow of bones well watered, i.e., being in a state of excellent health, with an implication of prosperity (Job 21:24+)

מחא (mḥʾ): see 4673, 4674

I. מחא (mḥʾ): see 4673

II. מחא (mḥʾ): see 4674

4673 I. מָחָא (mā·ḥā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 4222; TWOT 1177—LN 16 (qal) clap, i.e., a motion of striking the hands together in a manner that makes a sound (Ps 98:8; Isa 55:12; Eze 25:6+), note: in these contexts a motion as a non-verbal communication of joy, see also domain LN 33.476–33.489; note: BDB parses the Eze ref. as (piel)

4674 II. מָחָא (mā·ḥā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 4229; TWOT 1178, 1179, 1181c—see 4683 a v.r. in some texts (Isa 25:6+)

4675 מַחֲבֵא (mǎ·ḥǎḇē(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4224; TWOT 588a, 589a—LN 1.51–1.59 shelter, i.e., a place that is a protection from a wind storm, with some focus on it being a place that is not easily seen, so hidden away (Isa 32:2+), note: this apparently is not a construction but a naturally formed shelter, see also domain LN 28.83

4676 מַחֲבֹא (mǎ·ḥǎḇō(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4224; TWOT 588a—LN 1.51–1.59 (pl.) hide outs, hiding places, i.e., places where one hides out to keep from getting caught by authorities (1Sa 23:23+)

מַחֲבֹאִים (mǎ·ḥǎḇō·ʾîm) Lisowsky: see 4676

מֵחֶבֶל (mē·ḥě·ḇěl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4224; TWOT 588a—LN 93-place (loc.) Mehebel: place (Jos 19:29+), note: found in the Tanakh see also 2475, 4699

מְחַבְּרָה (meḥǎb·berā(h)) BDB: see 4677

4677 מְחַבְּרוֹת (meḥǎb·berôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4226; TWOT 598k—1. LN 6.14–6.22 metal fittings, iron clamps, i.e., construction implements to join and fasten wood, its exact form is not known by the context (1Ch 22:3+); 2. LN 7.77–7.79 woodjoists, i.e., a finished beam of wood for construction, as a basic structural support for floor or ceiling (2Ch 34:11+)

4678 מַחְבֶּרֶת (mǎḥ·bě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4225; TWOT 598j—1. LN 6.152–6.187 seam, i.e., the place of joining parts of apparel (Ex 28:27; 39:20+); 2. LN 63.1–63.4 set of curtains, gathered series of curtains, i.e., many curtains gathered together as a single set, with an emphasis on the nature of the items as a whole (Ex 26:4, 5; 36:11,12, 17+)

4679 מַחֲבַת (mǎ·ḥǎḇǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4227; TWOT 600b—LN 6.118–6.151 flat metal implement for baking, i.e., griddle, frying pan, or flat baking pan (Lev 2:5; 6:14[EB 21]; 7:9; 1Ch 23:29; Eze 4:3+)

4680 מַחֲגֹרֶת (mǎ·ḥǎḡō·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4228; TWOT 604d—LN 6.152–6.187 clothing wrap, cincture, i.e., a sarong-like garment which is wrapped around a body (Isa 3:24+), note: in context this is a non-ornamental, non-beautiful dress

I. מחה (mḥh): see 4681

II. מחה (mḥh): see 4682

III. מחה (mḥh): see 4683

4681 I. מָחָה (mā·ḥā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 4229; TWOT 1178—1. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) destroy, wipe out, blot out, i.e., pertaining to being no longer in existence, as an extension of washing impurities off an object (Ge 6:7), note: in some contexts this refers to physical death or extermination; (nif) destroyed, blotted out, wiped out (Ge 7:23; Dt 25:6; Jdg 21:17; Ne 3:37[EB 4:4]; Ps 69:29[EB 28]; 109:13, 14; Pr 6:33; Eze 6:6+); (hif) cause to blot out (Ne 13:14; Pr 31:3; Jer 18:23+), note: some of these verses are parsed as qal; 2. LN 47.14–47.18 (qal) wash off, wipe off, i.e., remove impurities from an object by use of water and/or use of wiping motion (Nu 5:23; 2Ki 21:13b; Pr 30:20; Isa 25:8+)

4682 II. מָחָה (mā·ḥā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 4229; TWOT 1178—LN 84.1–84.15 (qal) border on, continue along, i.e., make a motion from a source and extend to another place (Nu 34:11+)

4683 III. מָחָה (mā·ḥā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 4229; TWOT 1178—1. LN 65.1–65.16 (pual ptcp.) be filled with marrow, i.e., be in a state of having abundant rich marrow in the bone of an animal, and so be of value (Isa 25:6+); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 unit: שֶׁמֶן מָחָה (šě·měn mā·ḥā(h))3 choice meat, formally, fat of marrow, i.e., a desirable food (Isa 25:6+)

4684 מְחוּגָה (meḥû·ḡā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4230; TWOT 615b—LN 6.54–6.67 compass, circle-making instrument for marking a statue to carve a form (Isa 44:13+)

4685 מָחוֹז (mā·ḥôz): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4231; TWOT 1180—LN 1.69–1.78 port, sea-haven, i.e., a harbor area that might include a population center, wharf and shipyard (Ps 107:30+)

4686 מְחוּיָאֵל (meḥû·yā·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4232;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mehujael: of Adam by Cain (Ge 4:18ab+)

4687 מַחֲוִים (mǎ·ḥǎwîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4233;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Mahavite: family name of one of David’s great warriors (1Ch 11:46+)

4688 I. מָחוֹל (mā·ḥôl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4234; TWOT 623g—LN 15.244 circle-dancing, round-dancing, i.e., a series of rhythmic body movements, likely segregated by sex, possibly accompanied by rhythm instruments and/or musical instruments, with the associative meaning of being joyful (Ps 30:12[EB 11]; 149:3; 150:4; Jer 31:4, 13; La 5:15+), note: this is not processional dancing, so likely is a circle-dance

4689 II. מָחוֹל (mā·ḥôl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4235;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mahol: father of some wise men of Solomon (1Ki 5:11[EB 4:31]+)

מְחוֹלָה (meḥô·lā(h)) BDB: n.pr.; ≡ Str 4235;—LN 93-place Meholah: part of a compound name, Abel Meholah, see 71; see also 4703

4690 מַחֲזֶה (mǎ·ḥǎzě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4236; TWOT 633f—LN 33.459–33.462 revelation, i.e., a rational communication from God to an individual, and communicated to others, with a possibly focus on the visual aspects of communication (Ge 15:1; Nu 24:4, 16; Eze 13:7+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

4691 מֶחֱזָה (mě·ḥězā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4237; TWOT 633g—1. LN 7.47 window, i.e., an opening in a walled construction for the purpose of having light and ventilation enter the building or room (1Ki 7:4,5+); 2. LN 83.37 unit: מֶחֱזָה אֶל מֶחֱזָה (mě·ḥězā(h) ʾěl mě·ḥězā(h)) windows facing each other, i.e., a direct facing of sets of openings in a spatial position of facing each other (1Ki 7:4, 5+)

4692 מַחֲזִיאוֹת (mǎ·ḥǎzî·ʾôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4238;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mahazioth: worship leader and priest of the 23rd course (1Ch 25:4, 30+)

מַחֲזִיאֹת (mǎ·ḥǎzî·ʾōṯ) BDB: see 4692 (1Ch 25:4)

4693 מְחִי (meḥî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4239; TWOT 1179a—LN 19.1–19.13 blow, i.e., the striking of an object making a physical impact (Eze 26:9+), note: in context the stroke of a battering ram

4694 מְחִידָא (meḥî·ḏā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4240;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mehida: ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:52; Ne 7:54+)

4695 מִחְיָה (miḥ·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4241; TWOT 644h—1. LN 21.17–21.24 deliverance, i.e., the saving of a life (Ge 45:5+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 raw flesh, i.e., unhealthy skin which is still swollen yet still alive (Lev 13:24+), see also domain LN 8; 3. LN 5.1–5.22 food, i.e., nourishment which brings sustenance of life (Jdg 17:10+); 4. LN 22.35–22.37 relief, recovering, renewal (Ezr 9:8, 9+); 5. LN 4.1–4.37 living creature, i.e., an animal of a general kind, in context domestic small and large mammals (Jdg 6:4+); 6. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: מִחְיָה בָּשָׂר חַי (miḥ·yā(h) bā·śār ḥǎy)2 raw flesh, formally, very alive flesh (Lev 13:10+), see also domain LN 8; 7. LN 39.52–39.61 unit: אַיִן לְ־ ־הֶם מִחְיָה (ʾǎ·yin l- hěm miḥ·yā(h)) be defeated, formally, not recovery to them (2Ch 14:12[EB 13]+)

4696 מְחִיָּיאֵל (meḥiy·yāy·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4232;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mehijael: (Ge 4:18b K+), see 4686

4697 I. מְחִיר (meḥîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4242; TWOT 1185c—1. LN 57.189–57.208 earnings, fee, i.e., money or compensation for an activity performed (Dt 23:19[EB 18]; Mic 3:11+); 2. LN 57.186–57.188 price, i.e., the cost to be paid or received in barter or sale for land or object (2Sa 24:24; 1Ki 21:2; Job 28:15; Ps 44:13[EB 12]; Pr 27:26; Isa 45:13; La 5:4; Da 11:39+); 3. LN 6.68–6.82 money, i.e., a thing of value for exchange of goods or services (Pr 17:16+); 4. LN 57.152–57.171 unit: לָקַח (lā·qǎḥ) … בְּ־ מְחִיר (b- meḥîr) 1 purchase, formally, give a price, i.e., the act. of acquiring something by money or barter exchange (1Ki 10:28; 2Ch 1:16+); 5. LN 57.152–57.171 unit: בְּ־ לֹא מְחִיר (b- lō(ʾ) meḥîr)1 free, formally, without price, i.e., that which given as a gift without any cost (Isa 55:1; Jer 15:13+)

4698 II. מְחִיר (meḥîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4243;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mehir: of Judah (1Ch 4:11+)

4699 מַחֲלֵב (mǎ·ḥǎlēḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2256, 392;—LN 93-place (loc.) RSV, NRSV, NAB, NJB, Mahalab: an area or city (Jdg 1:31 cj+), note: NEB, REB, Mehalbeh; NJB, Mahalab; NAB, Mahaleb; other versions, “regions,” see also 2475, 4676.5; cf. also Jos 19:29 “regions;” most versions translate here as “Ahlab,” see 331; see also BHS ftn

4700 מַחֲלֶה (mǎ·ḥǎlě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4245; TWOT 655b, 655c—LN 23.142–23.184 sickness, illness, i.e., state of lacking of good health, implying a time of suffering (2Ch 21:15; Pr 18:14+)

4701 מַחֲלָה (mǎ·ḥǎlā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4245; TWOT 655b—LN 23.142–23.184 disease, sickness, i.e., a state of illness (Ex 15:26; 23:25; 1Ki 8:37; 2Ch 6:28+)

4702 מַחְלָה (mǎḥ·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4244;—LN 93-pers. (female/male) 1. daughter of a man of Manasseh who therefore inherited the father’s land (Nu 26:33; 27:1; 36:11; Jos 17:3+) 2. of Manasseh, note: possibly a female, yet still distinct from 1 (1Ch 7:18+)

4703 מְחֹלָה (meḥō·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4246; TWOT 623h—1. LN 15.244 circle-dancing, round-dancing, i.e., a series of rhythmic body movements, likely segregated by sex, possibly accompanied by rhythm instruments and/or musical instruments, with the associative meaning of being properly joyful (Ex 32:19; Jdg 11:34; 21:21; 1Sa 18:6; 21:12[EB 11]; 29:5; SS 7:1[EB 6:13]+), note: the dancing in Ex 32:19 was possibly of a sexual nature in the context of debauchery and so improper revelry or worship, see domain LN 88.271–88.282; 2. LN 15.244 processional dancing (Ex 15:20+)

4704 מְחִלָּה (meḥil·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4247; TWOT 660f—LN 1.51–1.59 (pl.) natural formation holes, i.e., apparently a hole in ground that has the same function as a cave and can be used as a den or hideout (Isa 2:19+)

מַחֲלוּי (mǎ·ḥǎlûy) BDB: see 4708

4705 מַחְלוֹן (mǎḥ·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4248;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mahlon: son of Naomi-Elimelech, Ruth’s first husband (Ru 1:2, 5; 4:9, 10+)

4706 I. מַחְלִי (mǎḥ·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4249;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mahli: 1. of Levi, son of one Merari, in the time of Moses (Ex 6:19; Nu 3:20; 1Ch 6:4[EB 19]; 6:14[EB 29]; 1Ch 23:21; 1Ch 24:26, 28; Ezr 8:18+) 2. another of Levi, son of Mushi, in the time of David (1Ch 6:32[EB 47]; 23:23; 24:30+)

4707 II. מַחְלִי (mǎḥ·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4250;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Mahlite: pertaining to Mahli, see 4706(1.)

4708 מַחֲלֻיִים (mǎ·ḥǎlǔ·yîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4251; TWOT 655d—LN 20.12–20.30 wounding, i.e., a state of injury (2Ch 24:25+ Q)

4709 מַחֲלָף (mǎ·ḥǎlāp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4252; TWOT 666d—LN 6.118–6.151 vessel: item, i.e., a valuable container, variously interpreted; (NIV) pan; (ASV, NKJV) platter; (KJV) charger; (NASB) dishes; (RSV, NRSV, REB) basins; (NAB) silverware; (NJB) bowls (Ezr 1:9+), note: BDB “knifes” is not likely

4710 מַחֲלָפָה (mǎ·ḥǎlā·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4253; TWOT 666e—LN 48 (pl.) braids of hair, plaits, i.e., locks of hair intertwined either with itself or to fasten with other items (Jdg 16:13a, 19+), note: Jdg 16:13b is in the NIV text, but not in MT; see also domain LN 79

מַחְלָפוֹת (mǎḥ·lā·p̄ôṯ) Lisowsky: see 4710

מַחֲלָצָה (mǎ·ḥǎlā·ṣā(h)) BDB: see 4711

4711 מַחֲלָצוֹת (mǎ·ḥǎlā·ṣôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4254; TWOT 667b—LN 6.152–6.187 rich garments, very fine robes (Isa 3:22; Zec 3:4+), note: possibly these were white garments

4712 מַחְלְקוֹת (mǎḥ·leqôṯ): n.pr. [BDB: n.fem.pl.]; ≡ Str 5555; TWOT 670g—LN 93-place (loc.) Mahlekoth: part of a compound name, Sela Hammahlekoth, see 6154

4713 מַחֲלֹקֶת (mǎ·ḥǎlō·qěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4256; TWOT 669d—1. LN 63.13–63.20 portion, share of land, implying clearly an assignment (Jos 11:23); 2. LN 11.47 working group, a division of people (1Ch 23:6), see also LN 53.66–53.95

מְחֹלַת (meḥō·lǎṯ): see 4703 (SS 7:1)

מַחֲלַת (mǎ·ḥǎlǎṯ) BDB: see 4714

4714 I. מָחֲלַת (mā·ḥǎlǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4257; TWOT 623h—LN 14.74–14.86 musical term, mahalath, i.e., a technical musical term relating to instruments, of unknown meaning (Ps 53:1[EB title]; 88:1[EB title]+)

4715 II. מָחֲלַת (mā·ḥǎlǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4258;—LN 93-pers. (female) Mahalath: 1. of Ishmael, wife of Esau (Ge 28:9+), see also 1412(2.) 2. of David, wife of King Rehoboam (2Ch 11:18+)

4716 מְחֹלָתִי (meḥō·lā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4259;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Meholathite: pertaining to a place of Meholah (1Sa 18:19; 2Sa 21:8+), note: possibly related to 71

מַחֲמָאָה (mǎ·ḥǎmā·ʾā(h)) Lisowsky: see 4717

מַחֲמָאֹת (mǎ·ḥǎmā·ʾōṯ) BDB: see 4717

4717 מַחְמָאֹת (mǎḥ·mā·ʾōṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4260; TWOT 1182—LN 5.1–5.22 milk product, curds, yogurt, butter, i.e., a slippery textured food (Ps 55:22[EB 21]+), see also 2772; note: butter is a final stage of product, while yogurt may be thinner in texture

מַחְמַד (mǎḥ·mǎḏ) BDB: see 4718

4718 מַחְמָד (mǎḥ·māḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4261; TWOT 673d, 673e—1. LN 65.1–65.16 treasure, i.e., things precious and valued (1Ki 20:6; 2Ch 36:19; Isa 64:10[EB 11]; La 1:10, 11 Q; Hos 9:6; Joel 4:5[EB 3:5]+); 2. LN 79.9–79.17 lovely, pleasing or delightful to the eye (SS 5:16; La 2:4; Eze 24:21, 25+); 3. LN 10.53–10.61 unit: מַחְמָד עַיִן ־ךָ (mǎḥ·māḏ ʿǎ·yin ḵā) wife, formally, treasure of the eye, i.e., a spouse, with a focus on the loveliness and desirability of the spouse (Eze 24:16+); 4. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: מַחְמָד בֶּטֶן (mǎḥ·māḏ bě·ṭěn)1 offspring, formally, cherished of the womb, i.e., a child, with a central focus of how loved and precious the child is (Hos 9:16+)

מַחֲמֹד (mǎ·ḥǎmōḏ) Lisowsky: see 4719

4719 מַחְמֹד (mǎḥ·mōḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4262; TWOT 673—LN 65.1–65.16 treasure, i.e., things valued and considered precious (La 1:7+), note: also La 1:11 K, for Q, see 4718

מַחֲמֻדִים (mǎ·ḥǎmǔ·ḏîm) BDB: see 4719 (La 1:7)

4720 מַחְמָל (mǎḥ·māl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4263; TWOT 676b—LN 25.12–25.32 object of affection, i.e., that for which there is a very intense yearning or desire (Eze 24:21+), note: BDB meaning as an “object of compassion” not as appropriate to the context; note: see BHS ftn for v.r., 4719

4721 מַחְמֶצֶת (mǎḥ·mě·ṣěṯ): n.fem. [KB: hif ptcp.fem. of 2806]; ≡ Str 2557; TWOT 679a—LN 5.1–5.22 yeasted food, leavened foods, i.e., any food stuffs that contain a slightly sour tasting agent, as a raising or expanding agent for baking (Ex 12:19, 20+)

4722 מַחֲנֶה (mǎ·ḥǎně(h)): n.masc. and fem.; ≡ Str 4264; TWOT 690c—1. LN 1.88–1.94 camp, i.e., a settling of a nomadic people for a temporary dwelling place, with several tents in close proximity (Ge 32:22[EB 21]; Nu 2:17); 2. LN 55.7–55.13 army, i.e., a military group of fighters (1Sa 17:46); 3. LN 11.1–11.11 civilian group, i.e., a group of people in close association (Ge 32:8); 4. LN 1.88–1.94 an unwalled town, i.e., a more or less permanent village with no defensive wall (Nu 13:19)

4723 מַחֲנֵה־דָּן (mǎ·ḥǎnē(h)-d·dān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4265;—LN 93-place (loc.) Mahaneh Dan: site between Beth Shemesh and Kiriath Jearim (Jdg 13:25; 18:12+)

4724 מַחֲנַיִם (mǎ·ḥǎnǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4266;—LN 93-place (loc.) Mahanaim: named by Jacob, a Levitical town or (Ge 32:3[EB 2]; Jos 13:26, 30; 21:38; 2Sa 2:8, 12, 29; 17:24, 27; 19:33[EB 32]; 1Ki 2:8; 4:14; 1Ch 6:65[EB 80]; SS 7:1[EB 6:13]+)

4725 מַחֲנָק (mǎ·ḥǎnāq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4267; TWOT 697a—LN 19.43–19.54 strangling, choking, i.e., suffocation by denying the passage of air, as a means of execution (Job 7:15+)

4726 מַחְסֶה (mǎḥ·sě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4268; TWOT 700b—1. LN 21.9–21.13 refuge, i.e., safety and free from danger as a figurative extension of a place of refuge or shelter (Ps 14:6; 46:2[EB 1]; 61:4[EB 3]; 62:8[EB 7],9[EB 8]; 71:7; 73:28; 91:2, 9; 94:22; 142:6[EB 5]; Pr 14:26; Isa 25:4; 28:15, 17; Jer 17:17; Joel 4:16[EB 3:16]+); 2. LN 1.51–1.59 cave, den, i.e., a physical hole or crag for shelter (Job 24:8; Ps 104:18; Isa 4:6+)

מַחֲסֶה (mǎ·ḥǎsě(h)) BDB: see 4726

4727 מַחְסוֹם (mǎḥ·sôm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4269; TWOT 702a—1. LN 6.4–6.9 muzzle, i.e., a device placed on the mouth of an animal to prevent use of the mouth (Ps 39:2[EB 1]+); 2. LN 33.117–33.125 unit: לְ־ פֶּה ־ִי מַחְסוֹם (l- pě(h) i-y mǎḥ·sôm) be silent, formally, a muzzle to my mouth, i.e., the figurative extension of a muzzle as an implement to stop using the mouth (Ps 39:2[EB 1]+)

4728 מַחְסוֹר (mǎḥ·sôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4270; TWOT 705e—1. LN 57.37–57.48 need, a lack of, a scarcity of something vital, of whatever kind (Dt 15:8; Jdg 18:10; 19:19, 20; Ps 34:10[EB 9]+); 2. LN 57.49–57.54 poverty (Pr 6:11; 11:24; 14:23; 21:5, 17; 22:16; 24:34; 28:27+)

4729 מַחְסֵיָה (mǎḥ·sē·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4271;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mahseiah: grandfather of the staff officer Seraiah (Jer 32:12; 51:59+)

מַחְוֹסר (mǎḥ·wōsr): see 4728 (Dt 15:8; Pr 6:11; 24:34)

מחץ (mḥṣ): see 4730

4730 מָחַץ (mā·ḥǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 4272; TWOT 1183—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) pierce, cut, i.e., make physical impact (Nu 24:8; Job 26:12+); 2. LN 19.34–19.42 (qal) strike, beat to pieces, dash (Dt 33:11+); 3. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) crush, shatter, i.e., make a pressing motion of physical impact (Nu 24:17; Jdg 5:26; 68:22[EB 21]+); 4. LN 20.1–20.11 (qal) harm, wound, formally, strike, i.e., cause severe injury to another, as an extension of striking or beating (Dt 32:39; 2Sa 22:39; Job 5:18; Ps 18:39[EB 38]; 110:5, 6; Hab 3:13+), note: for NIV text in Ps 68:24[EB 23], see 8175

4731 מַחַץ (mǎ·ḥǎṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4273; TWOT 1183a—LN 20.12–20.30 wound, i.e., a hurt or trauma of some manner or degree (Isa 30:26+), note: in context, not a mortal wound

4732 מַחְצֵב (mǎḥ·ṣēḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4274; TWOT 718a—1. LN 19.14–19.26 hewing, i.e., the act. of cutting and shaping an object (2Ki 12:13[EB 12]; 22:6; 2Ch 34:11+); 2. LN 7.77–7.79 unit: אֶבֶן מַחְצֵב (ʾě·ḇěn mǎḥ·ṣēḇ) dressed stone, formally, stones of hewing, i.e., shaped stones for construction building (2Ki 12:13[EB 12]; 22:6; 2Ch 34:11+)

4733 מֶחֱצָה (mě·ḥěṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4275; TWOT 719d—LN 63.13–63.20 half of something (Nu 31:36, 43+)

4734 מַחֲצִית (mǎ·ḥǎṣîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4276; TWOT 719e—1. LN 63.13–63.20 half of something (Ex 30:13,15, 23; 38:26; Lev 6:13[EB 20]; Nu 31:29, 30, 42, 47; Jos 21:25; 1Ki 16:9; 1Ch 6:46[EB 61],55[EB 70]+); 2. LN 67.73–67.77 noon, middle of the day, formally, half of the daytime (Ne 8:3+)

מחק (mḥq): see 4735

4735 מָחַק (mā·ḥǎq): v.; ≡ Str 4277; TWOT 1184—LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) crush, i.e., to press something relatively soft with a sharp object and so smash the item pressed (Jdg 5:26+), note: in context this may be a piercing motion of a tent peg into a temple of one’s head, see domain LN 19.14–19.26

מְחֻקֶה (meḥǔ·qě(h)): n.masc.—see 2977 pual

מְחֹקֵק (meḥō·qēq): n.masc. [oth poel/ ptcp.masc.sing. of 2980]; ≡ Str 4277; TWOT 1184—1. LN 6.215–6.225 ruling staff, scepter, i.e., a stick used for many purposes, including as a sign of power (Ge 49:10; Nu 21:18; Ps 60:9[EB 7]; 108:9[EB 8]+); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 leader, i.e., one who leads, rules, and governs his people, with a possible focus on the legal administration of his government (Dt 33:21; Jdg 5:14; Isa 33:22+)

4736 מֶחְקָר (měḥ·qār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4278; TWOT 729b—LN 1.17–1.25 unexplored depths, inmost part, i.e., an area far below the earth, possibly implied to be a mysterious nether-world (Ps 95:4+)

4737 מָחָר (mā·ḥār): adv.; ≡ Str 4279; TWOT 1185a—1. LN 67.201–67.208 tomorrow, on the next day, i.e., pertaining to the day following the present day of the narrative or discourse in the future (Jdg 19:9); 2. LN 67.118–67.135 in the future, on the time to come, formally, tomorrow, i.e., a period of time past the present time of the narrative, not specified (Dt 6:20)

מָחָר (mā·ḥār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4279; TWOT 1185a—LN 67.201–67.208 the next day (Ex 16:23), see also 4737

4738 מַחֲרָאָה (mǎ·ḥǎrā·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4280; TWOT 730b—LN 7.72 latrine, privy, non-plumbed privy, outdoor toilet, i.e., a place to relieve and contain bodily waste (2Ki 10:27 K+), for Q see 4606, note: BDB gives word equivalent as “cesspool,” and so an open construction

מחראות (mḥrʾwt) BDB: see 4738

מַחֲרָאוֹת (mǎ·ḥǎrā·ʾôṯ) Lisowsky: see 4738

4739 מַחֲרֵשָׁה (mǎ·ḥǎrē·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4281, 4282; TWOT 760d—LN 6.4–6.9 iron plowshare, i.e., the part of a plow that cuts the furrow (1Sa 13:20a, 21+), note: for NIV text in 1Sa 13:21b, see 3058

מַחֲרֶשֶׁת (mǎ·ḥǎrě·šěṯ) BDB: see 4739

4740 מָחֳרָת (mā·ḥǒrāṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4283; TWOT 1185b—LN 67.201–67.208 the next day, i.e., the day following the present day of the narrative or discourse in the future (Jnh 4:7)

מָחֳרָת (mā·ḥǒrāṯ): adv. [served by 4740]—see 4740

4741 מַחְשֹׂף (mǎḥ·śōp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4286; TWOT 766b—LN 19.27–19.33 an exposing, i.e., a laying bare of wood so as to expose the wood underneath the bark (Ge 30:37+)

4742 מַחֲשָׁבָה (mǎ·ḥǎšā·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4284; TWOT 767d—1. LN 30.15 thought, musing, i.e., the content of reasoning and thinking (Ge 6:5; Isa 55:8, 9); 2. LN 30.56–30.74 plan, plot, i.e., a scheme as a rational thought (Est 8:3); 3. LN 42.29–42.40 create a design, i.e., think and plan to create something (Ex 31:4); 4. LN 30.56–30.74 purpose, i.e., a plan implying a certain desire (Ps 33:10)

מַחֲשֶׁבֶת (mǎ·ḥǎšě·ḇěṯ) BDB: see 4742

מַחְשַׁךְ (mǎḥ·šǎḵ) BDB: see 4743

4743 מַחְשָׁךְ (mǎḥ·šāḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4285; TWOT 769d—1. LN 85.85 hiding place, lair, i.e., a secret place for thieves and violent gangs (Ps 74:20+), see also domain LN 1.51–1.59; 2. LN 14.53–14.62 darkness, the dark, i.e., the absence of light as a figurative extension of gloom, secrecy, or the place of the dead (Ps 88:19[EB 18]; 143:3; Isa 29:15; 42:16; La 3:6+); 3. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: מַחְשָׁךְ בְּ־ מְצוֹלָה (mǎḥ·šāḵ b- meṣô·lā(h)) Sheol, formally, utterly dark places of the depths, (Ps 88:7[EB 6]+)

4744 מַחַת (mǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4287;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mahath: 1. Levite temple musicians in the time of David (1Ch 6:20[EB 35]+), cf. also 315 2. Levite in the time of King Hezekiah (2Ch 29:12; 31:13+)

4745 מְחִתָּה (meḥit·tā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4288; TWOT 784g—1. LN 20.31–20.60 ruin, destruction, i.e., demolishing of a physical area (Ps 89:41[EB 40]+); 2. LN 22.15–22.20 undoing, i.e., a ruining of a person’s state from health and peace to a life of disrepair and disrepute, and so experience hardship (Pr 10:14, 15, 29; 13:3; 14:28; 18:7+); 3. LN 25.251–25.269 terror, horror, i.e., a state of fear (Isa 54:14; Jer 17:17+); 4. LN 25.251–25.269 object of horror (Jer 48:39+); 5. LN 25.223–25.250 dismay, i.e., a state of anxiety, and lacking joy (Pr 21:15+)

4746 מַחְתָּה (mǎḥ·tā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4289; TWOT 777a—1. LN 6.118–6.151 small pan, i.e., a vessel used as lampstand accessory (Ex 25:38); 2. LN 6.118–6.151 firepan, i.e., a tray for coals (Lev 16:12); 3. LN 6.118–6.151 censer, i.e., bucket for coals and ashes (1Ki 7:50)

4747 מַחְתֶּרֶת (mǎḥ·tě·rěṯ): n.fem. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 4290; TWOT 783a—LN 57.232–57.248 act. of breaking into a house, possibly by digging into the sup.-structure of a house wall (Ex 22:1[EB 2]; Jer 2:34+), note: the ety. suggests but does not demand that any individual act. of illegal entry be by digging, see also domain LN 19.55

מַט (mǎṭ) BDB: see 4752

4748 מַטְאֲטֵא (mǎṭ·ʾǎṭē(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4292; TWOT 785a—1. LN 6.215–6.225 broom, i.e., an implement used to sweep dirt off a floor (Isa 14:23+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 unit: מַטְאֲטֵא שָׁמַד (mǎṭ·ʾǎṭē(ʾ) šā·mǎḏ) destructive action, formally, broom of destruction, i.e., to cause ruin, with a possibly implication of it being a cleansing action (Isa 14:23+)

4749 מַטְבֵּחַ (mǎṭ·bēaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4293; TWOT 786e—LN 20.61–20.88 place of slaughter, slaughter yard, i.e., a place to kill animals as a figurative extension of a great amount of killing (Isa 14:21+)

4750 מָטֶה (mā·ṭě(h)) KB: n.[masc.] [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.]—LN 15.1–15.17 coming, i.e., the act. of linear motion (Pr 24:11+), note: this is a different parsing of the text, and not a cj, according to KB related to 10413, for another parsing, see 4572 qal

4751 מַטֶּה (mǎṭ·ṭě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4294; TWOT 1352b—1. LN 10.1–10.13 tribe, clan, i.e., a subjnct.-group of a nation, usually organized around the name of a clan leader from a former generation (Nu 1:16); 2. LN 3.47–3.59 branch, i.e., the non-fruit part of a plant (Eze 19:11); 3. LN 6.215–6.225 staff, rod, walking stick, i.e., a thick stick of wood (that the hand can grasp), of a length that the body can use as a support for walking, used for various functions of work or discipline (Ge 38:18), note: for MT text in Ge 47:31, see 4753; 4. LN 37.48–37.95 scepter, ruling staff, i.e., an ornamental stick as a symbol of governmental authority (Ps 110:2); 5. LN 6.29–6.40 arrow, formally, staff, i.e., the missile a bow shoots (Hab 3:9), note: some translate “staff” or “stave.”; 6. LN 6.29–6.40 lance, spear, formally, staff, i.e., a pole of wood with a metal tip, as a weapon (Hab 3:14); 7. LN 5.1–5.22 unit: מַטֶּה לֶחֶם (mǎṭ·ṭě(h) lě·ḥěm) food supply, formally, staff of bread (Lev 26:26; Ps 105:16; Eze 4:16; 5:16; 14:13+); 8. LN 3.47–3.59 unit: מַטֶּה בַּד (mǎṭ·ṭě(h) bǎḏ)2 thick branch, formally, staff of a pole, i.e., one of the main thick branches of a tree (Eze 19:14); 9. LN 10.1–10.13 unit: חֲצִי מַטֶּה (ḥǎṣî mǎṭ·ṭě(h)) half tribe, i.e., a portion of a clan based on geographical division (Nu 34:14)

4752 מַטָּה (mǎṭ·ṭā(h)): adv.; ≡ Str 4295; TWOT 1352a—1. LN 81.3–81.11 below, beneath, lower, bottom, down, i.e., pertaining to a spatial dimension of being low, usually the base area of an object (Ex 26:24; 27:5; 28:27; 36:29; 38:4; 39:20; Dt 28:13; 2Ki 19:30; 2Ch 32:30; Pr 15:24; Ecc 3:21; Isa 37:31; Jer 31:37; Eze 1:27; 8:2+); 2. LN 59.48–59.61 less, formally, lower, i.e., pertaining to having less of a quantity of objects, units of time, or status, as an extension of a low spatial position (Dt 28:43; 1Ch 27:23+); 3. LN 40.8–40.13 unit: חָשַׂךְ לְ־ מַטָּה (ḥā·śǎḵ l- mǎṭ·ṭā(h)) be merciful, punish less, formally, withhold to the bottom, i.e., give a measure of forgiveness or mercy toward a guilty party, but not necessarily total forgiveness, and so some liability or punishment may come (Ezr 9:13+)

מָטָּה (māṭ·ṭā(h)) BDB: see 4752

4753 מִטָּה (miṭ·ṭā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4296; TWOT 1352c—1. LN 6.106–6.117 bed, i.e., a piece of furniture on which one sleeps or rests (Ge 48:2), note: for NIV text in Ge 47:31, see 4751; 2. LN 6.106–6.117 couch, i.e., a piece of furniture on which one reclines, but not necessarily sleeps (Est 1:6); 3. LN 6.106–6.117 bier, stretcher, litter, i.e., something that is used to carry a dead body (2Sa 3:31); 4. LN 6.52–6.53 palanquin, ornamental litter, i.e., a vehicle without wheels used as a transport device powered by porters (SS 3:7), note: some translate “carriage” implying it to be a wheeled vehicle; 5. LN 7.26–7.53 unit: חֶדֶר הַ־ מִטָּה (ḥě·ḏěr hǎ- miṭ·ṭā(h)) bedroom, i.e., a part of a house (2Ki 11:2; 2Ch 22:11+)

4754 מֻטֶּה (mǔṭ·ṭě(h)): n.[masc.] [oth hof ptcp. of 5742]; ≡ Str 4297; TWOT 1352e—LN 88.12–88.23 injustice, formally, warping, twisting, or crookedness, i.e., that which is not just or right as a figurative extension of that which is warped or twisted (Eze 9:9+), note: for another parsing, see 5742

4755 מֻטָּה (mǔṭ·ṭā(h)): n.fem. [oth hof ptcp. of 5742]; ≡ Str 4298; TWOT 1352d—LN 79.114–79.117 outspreading, i.e., that which is a covering over an object (Isa 8:8+), for another parsing, see 5742

4756 מִטְהָר (miṭ·hār): n.masc. [oth 4946 + 3199]; ≡ Str 2892; TWOT 792a—LN 87.19–87.57 splendor, prominence, i.e., a majestic status or appearance (Ps 89:45[EB 44] cj+)

4757 מַטְוֶה (mǎṭ·wě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4299; TWOT 794a—LN 6.152–6.187 yarn, i.e., hair spun into a coarse thread (Ex 35:25+)

4758 מָטִיל (mā·ṭîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4300; TWOT 1186a—1. LN 6.215–6.225 rod, stick, i.e., a solid length of wood or metal of any diameter or length, used for various tasks (Job 40:18+); 2. LN 6.215–6.225 unit: מָטִיל בַּרְזֶל (mā·ṭîl bǎr·zěl) iron rod, i.e., a solid length of iron of any diameter or length, with a focus on its strength of the metal (Job 40:18+)

4759 מַטְמוֹן (mǎṭ·môn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4301; TWOT 811a—LN 65.1–65.16 cache, reserve, a stockpile or hidden reserve, i.e., things of value hidden (Ge 43:23; Job 3:21; Pr 2:4; Isa 45:3; Jer 41:8+)

4760 מַטָּע (mǎṭ·ṭāʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4302; TWOT 1354c—1. LN 43 act. of planting, i.e., the placing of plants in the ground for agricultural purposes (Isa 60:21; 61:3; Eze 17:7; Mic 1:6+); 2. LN 1.95–1.98 garden plot, vineyard land, i.e., a place of planting (Eze 34:29+); 3. LN 3.2–3.12 base of a tree, i.e., the part of a tree just at the surface of ground, the area from where water seeps to the roots (Eze 31:4+)

4761 מַטְעָם (mǎṭ·ʿām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4303; TWOT 815b—LN 5.1–5.22 tasty food, delicacy, i.e., a foodstuff that is very pleasant to the taste (Ge 27:4, 7, 9, 14, 17, 31; Pr 23:3, 6+)

מַטִעַמִּים (mǎ·ṭi·ʿǎm·mîm) BDB: see 4761

מַטְעַמִּים (mǎṭ·ʿǎm·mîm) Lisowsky: see 4761

מַטְעַמּוֹת (mǎṭ·ʿǎm·môṯ) Lisowsky: see 4761 Pr 23:3, 6+

4762 מִטְפַּחַת (miṭ·pǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4304; TWOT 818d—LN 6.152–6.187 cloak, shawl, i.e., a woman’s garment as a cloth esp. for wrapping the head and shoulders, which can be ordinary for carrying tasks or ornamental, festive occasions (Ru 3:15; Isa 3:22+)

מטר (mṭr): see 4763

4763 מָטַר (mā·ṭǎr): v.; ≡ Str 4305; TWOT 1187—1. LN 14.10–14.14 (hif) send rain down, i.e., cause water to fall from the sky in either liquid or solid form (Ge 2:5; 7:4; Ex 9:18, 23; Job 38:26; Isa 5:6; Eze 38:22; Am 4:7abd); (nif) be rained upon (Am 4:7c+); 2. LN 35.31–35.35 (hif) provide, formally, rain down, i.e., give a supply of necessary objects, as an extension of rain as a necessary condition provided by clouds for keeping a land growing and vital (Ex 16:4; Ps 78:24, 27+); 3. LN 15.118–15.122 (hif) cause to fall, formally, rain, i.e., cause an object to fall down from the sky as an extension of rain coming from a cloud (Ge 19:24; Job 20:23; Ps 11:6+), note: in these contexts it refers to a form of punishment; note: MT form in Eze 22:24, see 3197

4764 מָטָר (mā·ṭār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4306; TWOT 1187a—1. LN 14.10–14.14 rain, i.e., a natural weather condition where condensed waterdrops fall to the earth (1Sa 12:17), note: generally a good thing but when ill-timed or in too great amounts it then is a bad event; 2. LN 14.10–14.14 unit: גֶּשֶׁם מָטָר עֹז (gě·šěm mā·ṭār ʿōz) downpour, rainsquall, formally, strong shower of rain, i.e., a very heavy rainfall, generally of short duration (Job 37:6b)

מַטָּרָא (mǎṭ·ṭā·rā(ʾ)): n.fem. [served by 4766]; ≡ Str 4306; TWOT 1187a—LN 19.1–19.13 target, i.e., that object or mark at which someone shoots with a weapon, which when a living thing is hit can wound or kill (La 3:12+), see 4766

4765 מַטְרֵד (mǎṭ·rēḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4308;—LN 93-pers. (female) Matred: mother of a wife of the king of Edom (Ge 36:39; 1Ch 1:50+)

4766 מַטָּרָה (mǎṭ·ṭā·rā(h)): n.fem. [see also 4764.5]; ≡ Str 4307; TWOT 1356a—1. LN 7.26–7.53 unit: חָצֵר הַ־ מַטָּרָה (ḥā·ṣēr hǎ- mǎṭ·ṭā·rā(h)) open-air prison, formally, court of the guard, i.e., a place of confinement, but not a dungeon or below ground (Ne 3:25; Jer 32:2, 8, 12; 33:1; 37:21; 38:6, 13, 28; 39:14, 15+); 2. LN 19.1–19.13 target, i.e., that object or mark at which someone shoots with a weapon (and so receives physical impact), which when a living thing is hit can wound or kill (1Sa 20:20; Job 16:12+)

מַטָּרָה (mǎṭ·ṭā·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4307; TWOT 1356a—LN 93-place (loc.) Gate of the Guard: an entrance area (Ne 12:39+)

4767 מַטְרִי (mǎṭ·rî): n.pr. [oth gentilic]; ≡ Str 4309;—LN 93-pers. (male) Matri: of Benjamin (1Sa 10:21+)

מַי (mǎy) Lisowsky: see 4784

4768 מַי (mǎy): see 4537 (Isa 52:5 K+), note: Holladay: Isa 52:15[sic], some repoint to 4769

4769 מִי (mî): p. (interrogative); p. (relative); ≡ Str 4310; TWOT 1189—1. LN 92.11–92.25 Who?, What?, i.e., a interrogative to someone or something (Ge 3:11; 33:8); 2. LN 92.11–92.25 whoever, whatever, anything, i.e., a marker referring to a person or thing being written about, definite or indefinite, but not necessarily a marker of an interrogative (Ex 32:24); 3. LN 89.81–89.86 How?, i.e., an interrogative marker of manner (Am 7:2); 4. LN 71.21–71.33 unit: מִי נָתַן (mî nā·ṯǎn) oh I wish!, if only, would that, i.e., a marker of what ought to be in the mind of the speaker (Ex 16:3), note: for 1Sa 23:22 cj, see 4556; note: further study may yield more domains

4770 מֵי הַיַּרְקוֹן (mê hǎy·yǎr·qôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4313;—LN 93-place (loc.) Me Jarkon: lush place in Dan, possibly near Joppa (Jos 19:46+)

4771 מֵי זָהָב (mê zā·hāḇ): n.pr. [Holladay: poss. LOC.]; ≡ Str 4314;—LN 93-pers. (male) Me-Zahab: grandfather of the wife of King Hadad, of Edom (Ge 36:39; 1Ch 1:50+)

מֵיאוֹת (mê·ʾôṯ): n.fem.pl.—see 4405 2Ki 11:15+

4772 מֵידְבָא (mê·ḏeḇā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4311;—LN 93-place (loc.) Medeba: town in Moab, E of the Jordan, (Nu 21:30; Jos 13:9, 16; 1Ch 19:7; Isa 15:2+)

4773 מֵידָד (mê·ḏāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4312;—LN 93-pers. (male) Medad: prophetic elder and surrogate of Moses (Nu 11:26, 27+)

מידע (mydʿ): see 4530 (Ru 2:1 K)

מְיֻזָּן (meyǔz·zān): adj.—see 3469 alt. lex form for pual ptcp.

מֵיחִים (mê·ḥîm) BDB: see 4671

4774 מֵיטָב (mê·ṭāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4315; TWOT 863a—LN 65.20–65.29 the best, i.e., that which is superior to all of the same class or kind (Ge 47:6, 11; Ex 22:4[EB 5]; 1Sa 15:9, 15+), note: in context always a portion or part of a whole of a area, collection, or mass

4775 מִיכָא (mî·ḵā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4316;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mica: 1. son of Mephibosheth (2Sa 9:12+), see also 4777(3.) 2. Levite returnee from captivity (1Ch 9:15+) 3. signer of the covenant with Nehemiah (Ne 10:12[EB 11]+) 4. Levite in charge of outside work on the Temple (Ne 11:22+), see also 4777(7.)

4776 מִיכָאֵל (mî·ḵā·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4317;—LN 93-pers. (male) Michael: 1. of Asher, father of an explorer (Nu 13:13+) 2. of Gad (1Ch 5:13+) 3. another of Gad (1Ch 5:14+) 4. of Levi (1Ch 6:25[EB 40]+) 5. of Issachar (1Ch 7:3+) 6. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:16+) 7. of Manasseh (1Ch 12:21[EB 20]+) 8. of Issachar, father of David’s officer (1Ch 27:18+) 9. son of King Jehoshaphat (2Ch 21:2+) 10. father of Zebadiah (Ezr 8:8+) 11. great prince in the visions of Daniel, in NT called an archangel (Da 10:13, 21; 12:1+), see also DBLGrk 3640

4777 מִיכָה (mî·ḵā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4318;—LN 93-pers. (male) Micah: 1. Ephraimite idolater (Jdg 17:5–18:31 passim+), see also 4781(7.) 2. of Reuben (1Ch 5:5+) 3. son of Mephibosheth (1Ch 8:34, 35; 1Ch 9:40, 41+), see also 4775(1.) 4. Levite in the time of David (1Ch 23:20; 1Ch 24:24,25+) 5. father of courier for King Josiah (2Ch 34:20+), see also 4779(1.) 6. a writing prophet from Moresheth (Jer 26:18 Q; Mic 1:1+), see also 4779(4.) 7. (Mica NIV) Levite in charge of outside work on the Temple (Ne 11:17+), see also 4775(4.) 8. another prophet, son of Imlah (2Ch 18:14+), see also 4781(1.)

4778 מִיכָהוּ (mî·ḵā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4319;—LN 93-pers. (male) Micahu: prophet, son of Imlah (2Ch 18:8 K+), note: for Q, see 4781(1.)

4779 מִיכָיָה (mî·ḵā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4320;—LN 93-pers. (male) Micaiah: 1. father of courier for King Josiah (2Ki 22:12+), see also 4777(5.) 2. Levite returnee from captivity (Ne 12:35+), see also 4775(2.) and 4777(7.) 3. another priest (Ne 12:41+) 4. writing prophet from Moresheth (Jer 26:18 K+), see also 4777(6.)

4780 מִיכָיָהוּ (mî·ḵā·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4322;—LN 93-pers. Micaiahu (Micaiah NIV): 1. (female) mother of King Abijah of Judah (2Ch 13:2+), note: for NIV text, see 5082 2. (male) teacher throughout the cities of Judah (2Ch 17:7+)

4781 מִיכָיְהוּ (mî·ḵāy·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4321;—LN 93-pers. (male) Micaiahu (Micaiah NIV): 1. prophet, son of Imlah (1Ki 22:8–28; 2Ch 18:7–27 passim+), see also 4777(8.), note: for K in 2Ch 18:8, see 4778 2. see also 4780(1.) 3. see also 4780(2.) 4. see also 4779(3.) 5. son of Gemariah (Jer 36:11, 13+) 6. see also 4779 7. (Micah NIV) Ephraimite idolater (Jdg 17:1, 4+), see also 4777(1.)

4782 מִיכָל (mî·ḵāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4323; TWOT 1190—LN 1.69–1.78 (most versions) brook, stream, i.e., relatively small flowing body of water, possibly seasonal (2Sa 17:20+), note: NEB, REB, “pool;” NAB, NJB, Tanakh, text?; note: some change text to 4946 + 3298; or 4556 or 4559

4783 מִיכַל (mî·ḵǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4324;—LN 93-pers. (female) Michal: daughter of Saul, wife of David, later given to another (1Sa 14:49; 18:20–19:17 passim; 25:44; 2Sa 3:13, 14; 6:16, 20, 21, 23; 1Ch 15:29+), note: for NIV text in 2Sa 21:8, see 4783

מְיַלֶּלֶת (meyǎl·lě·lěṯ): n.fem. [oth piel ptcp.fem. of 3528]; ≡ Str 4324;—LN 23.46–23.60 midwife, i.e., one assisting the birthing process (Ge 35:17; 38:28; Ex 1:15–21+)

4784 מַיִם (mǎ·yim): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4325; TWOT 1188—1. LN 2.7–2.13 water, i.e., the liquid which is common to all life, of various contents, amounts, sources, etc. (1Sa 7:6); note: in Isa 48:1 for NIV text, see 4784; note: for MT text in Na 3:8, see 4946 + 3542; 2. LN 14.10–14.14 rain, i.e., water drops from the clouds (2Sa 21:10); 3. LN 14.10–14.14 flood, i.e., a very great event of destructive water (Job 27:20); 4. LN 1.69–1.78 the sea, i.e., a relatively large body of water (Ps 18:16[EB 15]); 5. LN 1.69–1.78 river, i.e., a flowing body of water (Am 5:24); 6. LN 8.70–8.77 tears, i.e., a body fluid liquid which comes from the eyes (Ps 119:136; La 1:16; 3:48), note: often a sign of personal distress; 7. LN 1.69–1.78 pool, i.e., a reservoir of water (Jer 41:12); 8. LN 8.70–8.77 unit: שַׁיִן מַיִם רֶגֶל (šǎ·yin mǎ·yim rě·ḡěl) urine, formally, urine water at the feet, i.e., a product of bodily waste (2Ki 18:27; Isa 36:12); 9. LN 14.10–14.14 unit: זֶרֶם מַיִם (zě·rěm mǎ·yim) driving rain, formally, storm of water (Isa 28:2)

מַיִם (mǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4325; TWOT 1188—LN 93-place (loc.) Water Gate: an entrance area (Ne 3:26; 8:1, 3, 16; 12:37+); also part of a compound name, Abel Maim, see 72; also Misrephoth Maim, see 5387

4785 מִיָּמִין (miy·yā·mîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4326;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mijamin: 1. priest of the 6th course (1Ch 24:9+) 2. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:25+) 3. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:8[EB 7]+) 4. returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:5+)

4786 מִין (mîn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4327; TWOT 1191a—LN 58.21–58.30 kind, class, species, i.e., a type of entity in contrast to other entities (Ge 1:11–25 passim; 6:20; 7:14; Lev 11:14–29 passim; Dt 14:13, 14, 15, 18; Eze 47:10+), note: in context always used in a taxonomical system, cf. 9454

4787 מֵינֶקֶת (mê·ně·qěṯ): n.fem. [BDB: hif act.ptcp.fem. of 3567]; ≡ Str 3243; TWOT 874—LN 35.51–35.52 nurse, wet-nurse, i.e., a breast-feeding woman for an infant child, biological or fostered (Ge 24:59; 35:8; Ex 2:7a; 2Ki 11:2; 2Ch 22:11; Isa 49:23+), note: Ex 2:7a some parse as hif ptcp. of 3567

מיסך (mysk), מֵיסַךְ (mê·sǎḵ) BDB: see 4788

4788 מֵיסָךְ (mê·sāḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4329; TWOT 1492b—LN 7.26–7.53 structure, i.e., a frame or construction of some kind, now unknown (2Ki 16:18 K+), note: for Q see 4590

4789 מֵיפַעַת (mê·p̄ǎ·ʿǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4158;—LN 93-place (loc.) Mephaath: Levitical town of Reuben in Moab (Jos 13:18; 21:37; 1Ch 6:64[EB 79]; Jer 48:21+), note: for K in Jer 48:21, see 4602

מֵיפָעַת (mê·p̄ā·ʿǎṯ) BDB: see 4789

מיץ (myṣ) BDB: see 4790

4790 מִיץ (mîṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4330; TWOT 1192b—1. LN 19.43–19.54 pressing, squeezing, i.e., physical impact on an object, with various effects depending on the object (Pr 30:33ab+); 2. LN 33.319–33.322 unit: מִיץ אַף (mîṣ ʾǎp̄)2 agitate, pester, formally, stir up anger, i.e., apply pressure to a situation aggressive insistence about a matter (Pr 30:33c)

מִיצִיאִים (mî·ṣî·ʾîm) Holladay, Lisowsky: see 3665

מִיק (mîq) BDB: see 4610

מישׁ (myš) Holladay, Lisowsky, מִישׁ (mîš) BDB: see 4630, 4631

4791 מֵישָׁא (mê·šā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4331;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mesha: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:9+)

4792 מִישָׁאֵל (mî·šā·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4332;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mishael: 1. Levite cousin of Moses (Ex 6:22; Lev 10:4+) 2. One who stood with Ezra as he read the law to the people (Ne 8:4+) 3. compatriot of Daniel in Babylon (Da 1:6, 7, 11, 19+), see 4794

4793 מִישׁוֹר (mî·šôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4334; TWOT 930f—1. LN 1.46–1.50 plateau, plain, i.e., a flat, yet elevated geographical formation of a large area of table-land or steppe-land (Dt 3:10; 4:43; Jos 13:9, 16, 17, 21; 20:8; 1Ki 20:23, 25; 2Ch 26:10; Jer 21:13; 48:8, 21+); 2. LN 1.39–1.45 level ground, smooth ground, i.e., land without potholes or mounds (Ps 26:12; 27:11; 143:10; Isa 40:4; 42:16; Zec 4:7+), see also domain LN 79.84–79.87; 3. LN 88.12–88.23 uprightness, justice, i.e., fairness according to a standard (Ps 45:7[EB 6]; 67:5[EB 4]; Isa 11:4; Mal 2:6+)

4794 מֵישַׁךְ (mê·šǎḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4335;—LN 93-pers. (male) Meshach: compatriot of Daniel in Babylon (Da 1:7+), see also 4792

4795 מֵישַׁע (mê·šǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4338;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mesha: king of Moab, worshipper of Chemosh (2Ki 3:4+)

4796 מֵישָׁע (mê·šāʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4337;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mesha: son of Caleb, brother of Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:42+)

מֵישָׁר (mê·šār) BDB: see 4797

4797 מֵישָׁרִים (mê·šā·rîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4339; TWOT 930e—1. LN 88.12–88.23 uprightness, i.e., what conforms to a standard (1Ch 29:17); 2. LN 88.12–88.23 fairness, equity, i.e., the concept of justice in relation to a standard (Ps 9:9[EB 8]); 3. LN 79.88–79.90 straightness, i.e., a linear direction that does not deviate nor is crooked (SS 7:10[EB 9]); 4. LN 79.84–79.87 levelness, i.e., a state of not having hills or depressions (Isa 26:7); 5. LN 34.42–34.49 peace treaty, alliance, i.e., an agreement between two parties, as the establishment of a relationship (Da 11:6+); 6. LN 22.38–22.41 unit: בְּ־ מֵישָׁרִים (b- mê·šā·rîm) easily, smoothly, formally, in straightness, i.e., pertaining to how liquid goes down into a person as a favorable circumstance to drinking (Pr 23:31)

4798 מֵיתָר (mê·ṯār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4340; TWOT 936h—1. LN 6.29–6.40 bow-string, i.e., a stretched cord made of leather, animal gut, or bind-weed (a twining plant of the genus Convolvulus) (Ps 21:13[EB 12]+); 2. LN 6.14–6.22 tent cord, i.e., a rope to hold up a tent (Ex 35:18; 39:40; Nu 3:26, 37; 4:26, 32; Isa 54:2; Jer 10:20+)

4799 מַכְאֹב (mǎḵ·ʾōḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4341; TWOT 940b—1. LN 23.142–23.184 pain, i.e., physical pain of the body (Ex 3:7; 2Ch 6:29; Job 33:19+); 2. LN 25.223–25.250 anguish, grief, mental suffering, i.e., an emotion of anguish, as the figurative extension of a physical pain of the body (Ps 32:10; 38:18[EB 17]; 69:27[EB 26]; Ecc 1:18; 2:23; Isa 53:3, 4; Jer 30:15; 45:3; 51:8; La 1:12,18+)

מַכְאוֹב (mǎḵ·ʾôḇ): see 4799

מְכַבֵּד (meḵǎb·bēḏ): n.masc. [oth piel ptcp.masc.sing. of 3877]; ≡ Str 4341; TWOT 940b—LN 53.53–53.64 worshipper, i.e., one who speaks words and makes actions which give allegiance and loyalty to a deity (1Sa 2:30; La 1:8+)

מַכְבִּיר (mǎḵ·bîr) Holladay: hif ptcp.—see 3892

מַכְבֵּנָא (mǎḵ·bē·nā(ʾ)): see 4800

4800 מַכְבֵּנָה (mǎḵ·bē·nā(h)): n.pr. [BDB: n.pr.loc.]; ≡ Str 4343;—LN 93-pers. (male) Macbenah: of Caleb (1Ch 2:49+), for another interp, see 4800.5

מַכְבֵּנָה (mǎḵ·bē·nā(h)): n.pr. [oth n.pr.masc.]; ≡ Str 4343;—LN 93-place (loc.) Macbenah: place possibly somewhere S of Hebron in the hill country (1Ch 2:49+), for another interp, see 4800

4801 מַכְבַּנַּי (mǎḵ·bǎn·nǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4344;—LN 93-pers. (male) Macbannai: of Gad (1Ch 12:14[EB 13]+)

4802 מַכְבֵּר (mǎḵ·bēr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4346; TWOT 948c—LN 6.152–6.187 cover, i.e., a thick cloth as a blanket or mat (2Ki 8:15+), note: though some translate as “netting,” context favors a thick, tightly woven or braided cloth

מַכְבִּר (mǎḵ·bir) Lisowsky: see 3892

4803 מִכְבָּר (miḵ·bār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4345; TWOT 948d—LN 6.215–6.225 lattice-work, grating, i.e., a metal configuration (which could hold high temperatures) for holding wood and solid meat, but allowing the ash and grease to go through the grate to the inside bottom of the altar (Ex 27:4; 35:16; 38:4, 5, 30; 39:39+), note: some place the grate on the outside of the altar and then its function was either an unnecessary step or merely an ornamental piece

4804 מַכָּה (mǎk·kā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4347; TWOT 1364d—1. LN 20.12–20.30 wound, blow, injury, i.e., a physical impairment or damage to a part of the body (1Ki 22:35); 2. LN 19.1–19.13 blow, strike, i.e., the hitting or striking of an object with physical impact (Dt 25:3); 3. LN 23.142–23.184 plague, i.e., devastating pandemic disease in a population (Nu 11:33); 4. LN 22.21–22.28 affliction, calamity, disaster, i.e., that which causes trouble or hardship (Dt 28:59); 5. LN 20.61–20.88 kill, slaughter, i.e., to violently terminate the life of another (Jdg 15:8); 6. LN 20.61–20.88 casualty, a loss, i.e., a person who has been killed in a battle (2Ch 28:5); 7. LN 55.2–55.6 attack, i.e., an aggressive, initiating, movement of troops against an enemy (1Sa 14:14)

4805 מִכְוָה (miḵ·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4348; TWOT 961c—LN 14.63–14.73 burn-spot, scar of a burn, apparently with no implication of this burn mark as a stigma or sign (Lev 13:24,25, 28+), see also domain LN 8.56

4806 מָכוֹן (mā·ḵôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4349; TWOT 964c—1. LN 80.1–80.4 place, site, i.e., a location in a space, implying it is an established or well-known area (Ex 15:17; 1Ki 8:13, 39, 43, 49; 2Ch 6:2, 30, 33, 39; Ezr 2:68; Ps 33:14; Isa 4:5; Da 8:11+); 2. LN 1.17–1.25 foundation of earth, i.e., a place very deep in the earth that is the basis or foundation of the mass of the earth, as a region below the earth (Ps 104:5+); 3. LN 89.12–89.14 basis, formally, foundation, i.e., the reason or matrix upon which something is based as a figurative extension of a foundation of a building or furniture (Ps 89:15[EB 14]; 97:2+); 4. LN 85.67–85.85 dwelling place, i.e., the place in which one lives, i.e., one’s home (Isa 18:4+)

4807 מְכוֹנָה (meḵô·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4350, 4369; TWOT 964d—1. LN 6.52–6.53 water-cart, i.e., an ornamental movable stand used to transport large amounts of water in basins (1Ki 7:27–43 passim; 2Ki 16:17; 25:13, 16; 2Ch 4:14; Jer 27:19; 52:17, 20+); 2. LN 6.106–6.117 foundation, base, i.e., bottom level of a structure (Ezr 3:3; Zec 5:11+)

4808 מְכוּרָה (meḵû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4351; TWOT 1033c—LN 10.14–10.48 ancestry, parentage, lineage, i.e., one’s family line with a focus on the origin of one’sing. family line (Eze 16:3; 21:35[EB 30]; 29:14+)

4809 מָכִי (mā·ḵî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4352;—LN 93-pers. (male) Maki: of Gad, father of an explorer (Nu 13:15+)

4810 מָכִיר (mā·ḵîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4353;—LN 93-pers. Makir: (male) 1. son of Manasseh (Nu 26:29; 32:39–40), see also 4811 2. protector of Mephibosheth and helper of King David (2Sa 9:4, 5; 2Sa 17:27+)

4811 מָכִירִי (mā·ḵî·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4354;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Makirite: pertaining to Makir (Nu 26:29+), see also 4810(1.)

מכךְ (mkk): see 4812

4812 מָכַךְ (mā·ḵǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 4355; TWOT 1193—1. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) waste away, formally, sink, go down, i.e., be in a state of grief or emotional suffering as an extension of an object sinking lower (Ps 106:43+); 2. LN 81.3–81.11 (nif) sag, be sunk down, i.e., pertaining to being in a lower position as gravity or pressure bends an object lower to the ground from an upper position (Ecc 10:18+); 3. (hof) be brought low (Job 24:24+), apparently this refers to a low state or condition, as a figure of cutting down a harvest, see also domain LN 87.58–87.75

4813 מִכְלָא (miḵ·lā(ʾ)): n.[masc.] [see also 4813.5]; ≡ Str 4356; TWOT 980c—LN 7.54–7.56 animal pen, i.e., fold or enclosure for small mammals such as sheep or goats (Ps 50:9; 78:70+)

מִכְלָה (miḵ·lā(h)): n.[masc.] [served by 4813]; ≡ Str 4356; TWOT 980c—LN 7.54–7.56 animal pen, i.e., fold or enclosure for small mammals such as sheep or goats (Hab 3:17+)

מִכְלָה (miḵ·lā(h)): see 4816 (2Ch 4:21+)

4814 מִכְלוֹל (miḵ·lôl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4358; TWOT 985c—LN 75 fullness, completeness, i.e., an adequate amount of something for a task, with an implication of beauty or splendor (Eze 23:12; 38:4+)

4815 מַכְלוּל (mǎḵ·lûl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4360; TWOT 985d—LN 6.152–6.187 finery, i.e., a beautiful, gorgeous garment (Eze 27:24+)

4816 מִכְלוֹת (miḵ·lôṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 4357; TWOT 982d—1. LN 63.1–63.4 perfection, purity, i.e., a state without impurity and so in a physical state of wholeness (2Ch 4:21+); 2. LN 2.49–2.62 unit: מִכְלוֹת זָהָב (miḵ·lôṯ zā·hāḇ) solid gold, formally, gold of perfection, i.e., gold not alloyed with other metals (2Ch 4:21+), note: the reference is most likely to gold sheeting that is “welded” onto the artifact, and therefore the reference is to the shining brilliance of the object, not that its composition is 100% gold

4817 מִכְלָל (miḵ·lāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4359; TWOT 985e—LN 78.44–78.50 perfection, fulness, i.e., pertaining to a complete degree of an attribute of beauty (Ps 50:2+)

מַכְלֻל (mǎḵ·lǔl) BDB: see 4815

מַכְלֻלִים (mǎḵ·lǔ·lîm) Lisowsky: see 4815

4818 מַכֹּלֶת (mǎk·kō·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4361; TWOT 85g—LN 5.1–5.22 food, i.e., a general word for what is eatable or consumable (1Ki 5:25[EB 11]+), note: in this context, a grain food

4819 מִכְמָן (miḵ·mān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4362; TWOT 991a—LN 57.36 hidden treasure, i.e., a collection of valuables not normally in public view (Da 11:43+)

מִכְמַנֵּי (miḵ·mǎn·nê): see 4819

מִכְמַנִּים (miḵ·mǎn·nîm) Lisowsky: see 4819

4820 מִכְמָס (miḵ·mās): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4363;—LN 93-place (loc.) Micmash: town of Benjamin guarding the hill country from Jericho, (Ezr 2:27; Ne 7:31+)

4821 מִכְמָר (miḵ·mār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4364; TWOT 995b—LN 6.23–6.25 capture device, i.e., a snare or possibly a net for hunting and the capture of game (Isa 51:20+), cf. also 4822, 4823, 4824

4822 מַכְמֹר (mǎḵ·mōr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4365; TWOT 995c—LN 23.88–23.128 deadly captivity, i.e., the state of being a prisoner to some as a figurative extension of a hunt and capturing device, i.e., a net or snare (Ps 141:10+) cf. also 4821

4823 מִכְמֶרֶת (miḵ·mě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4365; TWOT 995c—LN 6.10–6.13 fishing net, a dragnet for fish, with special focus on the device as a successful controller of the fish, (Hab 1:15, 16+), cf. also 4821

4824 מִכְמֹרֶת (miḵ·mō·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4365; TWOT 995c—LN 6.10–6.13 fishing net, i.e., a dragnet for fish (Isa 19:8+), cf. also 4821

4825 מִכְמָשׂ (miḵ·māś): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4363;—LN 93-place (loc.) Micmash: town in Benjamin, (1Sa 13:2, 5, 11, 16, 23; 14:5, 31; Ne 11:31; Isa 10:28+)

4826 מִכְמְתָת (miḵ·meṯāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4366;—LN 93-place (loc.) Micmethath: border town between Manasseh and Ephraim (Jos 16:6; 17:7+)

4827 מַכְנַדְבַי (mǎḵ·nǎḏ·ḇǎy): n.pr. [Holladay: n.pers.?]; ≡ Str 4367;—LN 93-pers. (male) Macnadebai: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:40+)

מְכֹנָה (meḵō·nā(h)) BDB, Lisowsky: n.fem.—see 4807

4828 מְכֹנָה (meḵō·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4368;—LN 93-place (loc.) Meconah: place in the western foothills of Judah (Ne 11:28+)

4829 מִכְנָס (miḵ·nās): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4370; TWOT 1000a—LN 6.152–6.187 undergarment, breeches, i.e., a trouser-like or pant-like foundation garment for official dress, apparently to ensure no accidental uncovering of the waist and genital areas (Ex 28:42; 39:28; Lev 6:3[EB 10]; 16:4; Eze 44:18+)

מִכְנְסֵי (miḵ·nesê) BDB: see 4829

4830 מֶכֶס (mě·ḵěs): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4371; TWOT 1014a—LN 57.178–57.185 tribute, i.e., cultic dues or taxes in support of the priestly servants of God (Nu 31:28, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41+), see also domain LN 53.16–53.27

4831 מִכְסָה (miḵ·sā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4373; TWOT 1014b—1. LN 60.1–60.9 number, i.e., the sum or total of a quantity (Ex 12:4+); 2. LN 57.152–57.171 valuation, worth, i.e., the amount of value something is computed to have based on given circumstance (Lev 27:23+)

4832 מִכְסֶה (miḵ·sě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4372; TWOT 1008c—1. LN 6.41–6.51 covering, i.e., a top part on a boat as a deck cover (Ge 8:13+); 2. LN 6.152–6.187 leather tent cover, i.e., a protective cover as a layer of a tent wall or a cover preventing touching in packing sacred items (; Ex 26:14; 35:11; 36:19; 39:34; 40:19; Nu 3:25; 4:8, 10, 11, 12, 25+)

4833 מְכַסֶּה (meḵǎs·sě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4374; TWOT 1008d—1. LN 79.114–79.117 covering, i.e., a layer of mass thoroughly blanketing an object below (Isa 14:11+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 layer of fat between the outer skin and over the internal organs, omentum (Lev 9:19+), note: some include the entrails as this part of the body; 3. LN 6.152–6.187 clothing, i.e., a garment (Isa 23:18+); 4. LN 6.41–6.51 awning, i.e., a cloth cover over the deck of a ship to protect from the sun (Eze 27:7+), note: some interp this cover of a ship hull as the deck itself, but context favors “awning.”

4834 מַכְפֵּלָה (mǎḵ·pē·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4375; TWOT 1019b—LN 93-place (loc.) Machpelah: field and cave near Hebron (Ge 23:9, 17, 19; 25:9; 49:30; 50:13+)

מכר (mkr): see 4835

4835 מָכַר (mā·ḵǎr): v.; ≡ Str 4376; TWOT 1194—1. LN 57.186–57.188 (qal) sell, i.e., give possession of an object, entity, or state to another, usually in a quid pro quo exchange (Ex 21:35), note: in some contexts this may be the hiring of one’s (indentured) services for an extended period of time, see also domain LN 57.172–57.177; (nif) be sold, (Ex 22:2[EB 3]; Lev 25:23, 34, 39, 42, 47, 48, 50; 27:27, 28; Dt 15:12; Ne 5:8; Est 7:4; Ps 105:17; Isa 50:1; 52:3; Jer 34:14+); (hitp) sell oneself (Dt 28:68; 1Ki 21:20, 25; 2Ki 17:17+); 2. LN 57.71–57.124 give up, surrender, formally, sell, i.e., give over an object to another’s possession, without a quid pro quo, so with a focus on the transfer of possession, as an extension of the act. of selling an object or entity (Jdg 4:9; 1Sa 12:9; Eze 30:12)

4836 מֶכֶר (mě·ḵěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4377; TWOT 1194a—1. LN 65.1–65.16 worth, value, i.e., that which is of merit according to a standard and so considered precious (Pr 31:10+); 2. LN 57.152–57.171 unit: נָתַן מֶכֶר (nā·ṯǎn mě·ḵěr) pay a price, formally, give a value, i.e., give money or goods in exchange for a service or product (Nu 20:19+); 3. LN 57.1–57.21 merchandise, i.e., goods used in buying, selling, and barter (Ne 13:16+)

4837 מַכָּר (mǎk·kār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4378; TWOT 1368f—1. LN 57.226–57.231 treasurer, i.e., one who handles money and resources of a group, keeping records of the transactions (2Ki 12:6[EB 5],8[EB 7]+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 34.1–34.21 acquaintance, friend, i.e., one in close association with someone (2Ki 12:6[EB 5],8[EB 7]+); 3. LN 57.1–57.21 resources, formally, trade, i.e., personal funds and possessions gathered from one’s own trade and business (2Ki 12:6[EB 5],8[EB 7]+), note: “treasurer” fits the context the best

4838 מִכְרֶה (miḵ·rě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4379; TWOT 1033b—LN 1.51–1.59 pit, i.e., an excavated cavity in the ground(Zep 2:9+), note: in context a salt excavation pit, an infertile place

4839 מְכֵרָה (meḵē·rā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 4380; TWOT 1194d—1. LN 6.29–6.40 kind of weapon: (NIV) sword; (NAB) knife (Ge 49:5+); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 (NEB) spade, i.e., a digging tool used as a weapon (Ge 49:5+), note: (Tanakh) tool; 3. LN 30.56–30.74 (Holladay, REB) counsel, advice, i.e., what principle guides one (Ge 49:5+), note: NJB, “malicious plans;” see also domain LN 33.294–33.298; 4. LN 41.1–41.24 (KJV, NKJV) habitation, dwelling place, i.e., where one lives as a figurative extension of how one lives as a behavior pertaining to one’s character (Ge 49:5+), note: context likely favors the “plan” or “counsel” domain

מְכֹרָה (meḵō·rā(h)): see 4808 (Eze 16:3+)

4840 מִכְרִי (miḵ·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4381;—LN 93-pers. (male) Micri: of Benjamin (1Ch 9:8+)

4841 מְכֵרָתִי (meḵē·rā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4382;—LN 93-pers. (gent. of loc.) Mekerathite: pertaining to a place or area of Mekerath (1Ch 11:36+), note: location unknown, cf. 5084

4842 מִכְשׁוֹל (miḵ·šôl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4383; TWOT 1050c—1. LN 6.1–6.3 stumbling block, obstacle, i.e., an object which can be tripped over, of any shape or size (Lev 19:14+); 2. LN 68.34–68.57 stumbling block, i.e., a cause of failure of an event, as an extension of an object which can trip (Isa 57:14; Jer 6:21; Eze 3:20; 14:3, 4, 7+), note: in many contexts can refer to an event or persons which can cause failure; 3. LN 68.34–68.57 stumbling, downfall, i.e., an occasion or event in which someone fails, as an extension of falling down to the ground in a random, potentially hurtful manner (1Sa 25:31; Ps 119:165; Isa 8:14; Eze 7:19; 18:30; 44:12+); 4. LN 20.12–20.30 the fallen, i.e., those who are wounded or killed (Eze 21:20[EB 15]+)

מִכְשֹׁל (miḵ·šōl) BDB: see 4842 (Lev 19:14; Jer 6:21; Eze 21:20[EB 15])

4843 מַכְשֵׁלָה (mǎḵ·šē·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4384; TWOT 1050d—1. LN 20.31–20.60 heap of ruins, pile of rubble, i.e., a ruin of constructions (Isa 3:6; Zep 1:3+), note: for another interp, see next; note: for diff. text, see BHS ftn; 2. LN 20.31–20.60 stumbling block, i.e., that which causes destruction as a figurative extension of an object that can trip a person (Zep 1:3), note: some interp this as a reference to an idol; see also domain LN 6.96–6.101

מְכַשֵּׁף (meḵǎš·šēp̄): n.masc. [oth piel ptcp.masc. of 4175]; ≡ Str 4384; TWOT 1050d—LN 53.96–53.101 sorcerer, i.e., male who practices the black magic arts (Ex 7:11; Dt 18:10; Da 2:2; Mal 3:5+)

מְכַשֵּׁפָה (meḵǎš·šē·p̄ā(h)): n.fem. [oth piel ptcp. fs of 4175]; ≡ Str 4384; TWOT 1050d—LN 53.96–53.101 sorceress, i.e., female who practices the black magic arts (Ex 22:17[EB 18]+)

4844 מִכְתָּב (miḵ·tāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4385; TWOT 1053c—1. LN 33.35–33.68 writing, i.e., any inscribed communication (Ex 32:16; Dt 10:4; 2Ch 35:4; 36:22; Ezr 1:1; Isa 38:9+); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: מִכְתָּב פִּתּוּחַ (miḵ·tāḇ pit·tûaḥ) inscription, i.e., a written communication engraved on an artifact (Ex 39:30+); 3. LN 33.35–33.68 letter, i.e., a written communication sent through a courier (2Ch 21:12+)

4845 מְכִתָּה (meḵit·tā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4386; TWOT 1062b—LN 63.13–63.20 piece, shard, i.e., crushed fragments of a fractured vessel (Isa 30:14+)

4846 מִכְתָּם (miḵ·tām): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4387; TWOT 1056a—LN 33.35–33.68 kind of poem: miktam, i.e., a written piece of literature (Ps 16:1[EB title]; 56:1[EB title]; 57:1[EB title]; 58:1[EB title]; 59:1[EB title]; 60:1[EB title]+), note: some cognate etymologies suggest this is a poem of atonement or expiation; note: this meaning is based in Heb. ety., and the meaning is much disputed

4847 מַכְתֵּשׁ (mǎḵ·tēš): n.masc. [see also 4847.5]; ≡ Str 4388, 4389; TWOT 1061a—1. LN 1.51–1.59 hollow place, i.e., an area just under the ground, where a spring is located (Jdg 15:19+), note: though possible to translate “molar tooth in the jaw bone,” it makes no sense, and so the geographical location is preferred; 2. LN 6.118–6.151 mortar, i.e., a grinding container device pressing against a pestle bowl, and so crushing the material in the container (Pr 27:22+)

מַכְתֵּשׁ (mǎḵ·tēš): n.pr. [served by 4847]; ≡ Str 4388, 4389;—LN 93-place (loc.) (KJV, NKJV, ASV) Maktesh: district of Jerusalem (Zep 1:11+); (Tanakh) Machtesh; (NIV) the market district; (NASB, RSV, NRSV, NAB) Mortar; (NJB) the Hollow; (NEB, REB) Lower Town, note: “hollow, mortar, and lower” are all possible appellatives (names) based on the meaning in Hebrew, yet a definite location is required from the context, see 4847

מלא (mlʾ): see 4848

4848 I. מָלֵא (mā·lē(ʾ)): v. [see also 4862]; ≡ Str 4390; TWOT 1195—1. LN 59.35–59.43 (qal) fill up, be full, i.e., have a quantity of space filled with a mass or collection, in a container or contained area (Ge 1:22, 28); (nif) be filled, become filled up (Ex 1:17); (piel) fill up (Ge 21:19); 2. LN 67.65–67.72 (qal) fulfill, finish, i.e., come to an end of a period of time, implying a completion (Ge 25:24); (nif) finish (Ex 7:25); (piel) finish a period (Ge 29:27); 3. LN 33.189–33.217 (qal) tell much, formally, be full, i.e., speak information much (Job 32:18); (nif) proclaim much (Ps 71:8); (piel) proclaim loud (Jer 4:5); 4. LN 78.44–78.50 (qal) fill, be full, i.e., have a high degree on a scale of extent (Ge 6:13); (nif) filled (Ge 6:11); 5. LN 25.80–25.84 (qal) well nourished, formally, filled, i.e., be in a state of which one is happy and content (Job 21:24), note: this can also refer to lack of physical hunger; (nif) satisfied, prospered (Ecc 6:7; Eze 26:2); (piel) satisfy (Job 38:39); 6. LN 45 (piel) mount, set, fill, i.e., have an object placed or put on another object as a gem setting (Ex 28:17), see also domain LN 85.32–85.54; (pual) be set, (SS 5:14+); 7. LN 59.23–59.34 (nif) be complete total (Ecc 1:8); (piel) total number (1Sa 18:27); 8. LN 55.1 (nif) arms oneself, i.e., prepare to fight (2Sa 23:7+); 9. LN 57.71–57.124 (piel) give, impart, formally, fill, i.e., confer a gift or attribute to another as an extension of filling the hand (Ex 28:3); 10. LN 25.68–25.79 (piel) wholeheartedly, completely, formally, fill, i.e., do something with an attitude or feeling of great and earnest dedication (Nu 14:24); 11. LN 13.104–13.163 (piel) fulfill, succeed, i.e., make an event happen (1Ki 2:27); 12. LN 34.1–34.21 (hitp) unite, join, formally, fill one another, i.e., be in an association (Job 16:10+); 13. LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) cover, formally, fill, cover the surface of one object with another (Isa 28:8); (piel) cover (Ps 83:17[EB 16]); 14. LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) grasp, handle, formally, fill, i.e., grab an object and place firmly in the hand (Jer 51:11); 15. LN 53.44–53.52 unit: (piel) מָלֵא (אֵת) יָד (mā·lē(ʾ) (ʾēṯ) yāḏ) ordain, consecrate, dedicate, impart through a ritual or ceremony a special state of service for a purpose (Ex 28:41; 29:9, 29, 33, 35; Lev 8:33b; 16:32; 21:10; Nu 3:3; Jdg 17:5, 12; 1Ki 13:33; 2Ch 13:9; Eze 43:26+); 16. LN 18.1–18.11 unit: (piel) מָלֵא (אֵת) יָד (mā·lē(ʾ) (ʾēṯ) yāḏ) take, formally, fill the hand, i.e., grasp an object (2Ki 9:24); 17. LN 14.17–14.35 unit: (qal) מָלֵא עַל כֹּל גִּדְיָה (mā·lē(ʾ) ʿǎl kōl giḏ·yā(h)) be at flood stage, formally, fill over all the riverbank, i.e., a destructive state of excess water in a river (Jos 3:15), note: further study may yield more domains

4849 II. מָלֵא (mā·lē(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 4392; TWOT 1195a—1. LN 59.35–59.43 filled, full, i.e., pertaining to a quantity of space filling an object, often implying a thing as healthy, valued, or satisfying (Ge 41:7); note: Dt 33:23; 34:9; Jdg 16:27; Ps 65:10[EB 9]; 75:9[EB 8]; Ecc 8:11; 9:3 some parse as 4848 (qal pf.); 2. LN 79.62–79.69 strong, i.e., pertaining to the feature of the physical strength of a wind blowing at a stiff rate (Jer 4:12); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 exist, i.e., be in a state of existence as a figurative extension of the quality of fullness of an object (Isa 1:21; 22:2; 51:20; Jer 5:27; Eze 28:12); 4. LN 33.307–33.314 unit: קָרָא (qā·rā(ʾ)) … מָלֵא (mā·lē(ʾ)) 2 call loudly, formally, call full, i.e., make a very loud noise (Jer 12:7); 5. LN 9.1–9.23 unit: מָלֵא יוֹם (mā·lē(ʾ) yôm)1 very old, formally, full of days, i.e., a person late in the sunset years of life, one very aged as a class of persons either male or female (Jer 6:11)

II. מָלֵא (mā·lē(ʾ)): n.fem. [served by 4849]; ≡ Str 4392; TWOT 1195a—1. LN 9.34–9.40 woman with children, formally, fullness, i.e., have children as an extension of pertaining to being full, implying a satisfied state (Ru 1:21; Ecc 11:5+); 2. LN 59.48–59.61 abundance, i.e., a state or condition of having far more than enough of a mass, collection, or events (Ps 73:10)

4850 מְלֹא (melō(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4393; TWOT 1195b—1. LN 59.35–59.43 what fills, what makes something full, an amount, quantity, or length that fills a space completely (Ex 16:33; Eze 41:8), note: in some contexts related to a specific amount that fills a container, or the hand; 2. LN 63.1–63.4 fullness, everything, all, i.e., the totality of a collection or mass (1Ch 16:32); 3. LN 11.1–11.11 group, formally, abundance, i.e., a gathering or categorization of those of a similar class or kind (Ge 48:19; Isa 31:4)

4851 מִלֹּא (mil·lō(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4407;—LN 93-place (loc.) Millo: part of a compound name, Beth Millo, see 1109

מִלֻּא (mil·lǔ(ʾ)) BDB: see 4854

4852 מְלֵאָה (melē·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4395; TWOT 1195c—LN 3.33–3.46 produce, crop, i.e., the choice yield of crops (Ex 22:28[EB 29]; Nu 18:27; Dt 22:9+), note: in context, the fine juice of the grape harvest; note: the NIV translates “granary” as in a grain crop in Ex 22:28[EB 29]

מְלֵאָה (melē·ʾā(h)): n.fem.—see 4849.5 Ru 1:21; Ecc 11:5+

4853 מִלֻּאָה (mil·lǔ·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4396; TWOT 1195d—LN 6.14–6.22 mounting, setting, i.e., the frame or bed in which a gem is set (Ex 25:7; 28:17, 20; 39:13+)

4854 מִלֻּאִים (mil·lǔ·ʾîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4394; TWOT 1195e—1. LN 53.16–53.27 priestly ordination offering, i.e., a gift offering as an integral part of the priest’s ordination ceremony (Ex 29:22, 26, 27, 31, 34; Lev 7:37; 8:22, 28, 29, 31, 33+), note: in context either animal or grain sacrifice; 2. LN 6.14–6.22 mounting, setting, i.e., the frame or bed in which a gem is set (Ex 35:9, 27; 1Ch 29:2+)

4855 מַלְאָךְ (mǎl·ʾāḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4397; TWOT 1068a—1. LN 12.28 angel, i.e., a supernatural being as a class creation that is God’s servant, esp. in informing or proclaiming a message from God (2Ki 1:3a), note: see theological works for identification as to the being of, such as in Zec 12:8 when capitalized in NIV מַלְאָךְ יהוה (mǎl·ʾāḵ yhw(h)) “the angel of the LORD,” or cf. Ge 48:16 (NIV); 2. LN 33.195 messenger, i.e., one who informs or announces, which may include surveillance functions (2Ki 1:3b), note: (LXX, NEB, REB, NJB ftn) Mal 1:1, for another interp as a n.pr., see 4858; 3. LN 37.48–37.95 envoy, diplomat, ambassador, formally, messenger of peace, with a focus on the authority of the one who is the messenger (2Ki 17:4); 4. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: מַלְאָךְ מָוֶת (mǎl·ʾāḵ mā·wěṯ) kill, formally, messenger of death, i.e., a marker of causation of death as a figurative extension of a herald or messenger (Pr 16:14); 5. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: מַלְאָךְ שָׁלוֹם (mǎl·ʾāḵ šā·lôm) envoy, diplomat, ambassador, formally, messenger of peace, with a focus on the authority of the one who is the messenger (Isa 33:7)

4856 מְלָאכָה (melā(ʾ)·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4399; TWOT 1068b—1. LN 42.7–42.28 work, i.e., that which is done, with some focus on the energy expended (1Ki 7:14b); 2. LN 42.7–42.28 work, workmanship, i.e., the result of one’s work (Ge 2:2); 3. LN 57.1–57.21 possessions, i.e., what is owned and managed by the expenditure of work (Ge 33:14; Ex 22:7[EB 8]); 4. LN 42.41–42.50 task, job, deed, i.e., that function which one normally does (Ge 39:11; Ex 12:16; Ps 73:28); 5. LN 42.51–42.53 craftsmanship, i.e., a skill specific in a trade or occupation (Ex 35:31, 33, 35); 6. LN 13.104–13.163 anything, matter, i.e., a thing that happens (Lev 7:24; Ezr 10:13); 7. LN 59.44–59.47 supplies, i.e., goods and stores for keeping provisions for military purposes, implying sufficiency (2Ch 17:13); 8. LN 53.53–53.64 service, i.e., a function performed in religious service (Ne 13:10); 9. LN 57.189–57.208 merchant, formally, worker, i.e., one who buys, sells, and barters goods (Ps 107:23); 10. LN 65.30–65.39 something useful, formally work, i.e., an item made with a focus on the usefulness of the object (Eze 15:5); 11. LN 42.7–42.28 unit: עָשָׂה מְלָאכָה (ʿā·śā(h) melā(ʾ)·ḵā(h)) workman, formally, one doing work, i.e., one that expends energy on a task (2Ki 12:15[EB 14])

4857 מַלְאָכוּת (mǎl·ʾā·ḵûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4400; TWOT 1068c—LN 33.189–33.217 message, communication, i.e., information from a commissioned messenger (Hag 1:13+)

4858 מַלְאָכִי (mǎl·ʾā·ḵî): n.pr. [oth n.masc. + suffix (4855 + 3276)]; ≡ Str 4401;—LN 93-pers. (male) (most versions) Malachi: writing prophet (Mal 1:1+), note: as n.masc., see 4855

מְלֶאכֶת (melě(ʾ)·ḵěṯ) Holladay: see 4856

4859 מִלֵּאת (mil·lē(ʾ)ṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4402; TWOT 1195f—LN 6.14–6.22 mounting, setting, i.e., the frame or bed in which a gem is set (SS 5:12+), note: the picture in mind in this verse is a figurative description of a clear healthy white eyeball with the pupil and iris “mounted” as a beautiful gem in the center of this beautiful white area of the eye

מִלְּבַד (mil·leḇǎḏ) BDB, מִלִּבֹּד (mil·lib·bōḏ) Holladay: see 4946 + 4200 + 963

4860 מַלְבּוּשׁ (mǎl·bûš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4403; TWOT 1075b—LN 6.152–6.187 clothing, garment, attire, i.e., what one is clothed with (1Ki 10:5; 2Ki 10:22; 2Ch 9:4; Job 27:16; Isa 63:3; Eze 16:13; Zep 1:8+), note: appar. a general word for any garment, whether common garb or priestly or royal robe

4861 מַלְבֵּן (mǎl·bēn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4404; TWOT 1074i—1. LN 7.54–7.56 quadrangle, i.e., a four-sided enclosed area (Jer 43:9+), note: NIV translate not as an open area, but a “brick pavement,” see domain LN 7.63–7.76; 2. LN 45 brickworks, i.e., a place bricks are made (2Sa 12:31 Ql Na 3:14+, note: for K, see 4905; note: some translate as “brickmold,” as a device to make bricks

מַלְבֻּשׁ (mǎl·bǔš) BDB: see 4860 1Ki 10:5

מֹלָדָה (mō·lā·ḏā(h)) BDB: see 4579

מלה (mlh): see 4862

4862 מָלָה (mā·lā(h)): v.—see 4848 (qal) (Eze 28:16+); (piel) (Job 8:21+)

4863 מִלָּה (mil·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4405; TWOT 1201a—1. LN 33.69–33.108 word, saying, statement, utterance, i.e., what is stated or said, with a focus on the content of the utterance (2Sa 23:2); 2. LN 33.26–33.34 speech, i.e., publicly speaking in a more or less formal setting, giving reasoned argument (Job 18:2); 3. LN 33.11–33.25 byword, proverb, slogan, i.e., a brief saying that characterizes someone or something or some truth (Job 30:9), note: in context a mocking proverb; 4. LN 33.180–33.188 unit: שׁוּב מִלָּה (šûḇ mil·lā(h)) reply, answer, i.e., respond to what another says (Job 35:4); 5. LN 33.26–33.34 unit: חָבַר בְּ־ מִלָּה (ḥā·ḇǎr b- mil·lā(h)) speech, formally, speak loudly with words, i.e., publicly speaking in a more or less formal setting, giving reasoned argument (Job 16:4)

מְלוֹ (melô): see 4850

מְלוֹא (melô(ʾ)): see 4850

4864 מִלּוֹא (mil·lô(ʾ)): n.pr.loc. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 4407;—LN 93-place Millo: an area between the citadel of David and the temple, which was a system of artificial supporting terraces (mounds) with retaining walls and leveled filling (2Sa 5:9; 1Ki 9:15, 24; 11:27; 1Ch 11:8; 2Ch 32:5+), note: this may also be understood as a common noun “terraces”; also part of a compound name, Beth Millo, see 1109

מִלּוּא (mil·lû(ʾ)) BDB: see 4854 (Lev 7:37; 1Ch 29:2+)

מִלּוּאִים (mil·lû·ʾîm): see 4854 (Lev 7:37; 1Ch 29:2+)

4865 מַלּוּחַ (mǎl·lûaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4408; TWOT 1197c—LN 3.13–3.32 salt herb, i.e., an eatable plant that grows in salt-marshes (Job 30:4+), note: a plant collected by the destitute and banished, variously identified as “mallow” of the family Malva; or an herb “fig-marigold” of the carpet weed family Mesembryanthemum or the “sea orach(e)” herb of the goosefoot family of the genus Atriplex

4866 מַלּוּךְ (mǎl·lûḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4409;—LN 93-pers. (male) Malluch: 1. Levi (1Ch 6:29[EB 44]+) 2. divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:29+) 3. another divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:32+) 4. signer of covenant (Ne 10:5[EB 4]+) 5. another signer of covenant (Ne 10:28[EB 27]+) 6. returnee priest from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:2+), see also 4868

4867 מְלוּכָה (melû·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4410; TWOT 1199d—LN 37.48–37.95 kingship, rulership, royal position, i.e., the office of king or queen (1Sa 10:16, 25; 11:14; 14:47; 18:8; 2Sa 12:26; 16:8; 1Ki 1:46; 2:15,22; 11:35; 12:21; 21:7; 2Ki 25:25; 1Ch 10:14; 28:7; Ps 22:29[EB 28]; Isa 34:12; 62:3; Jer 41:1; Eze 16:13; 17:13; Da 1:3; Ob 21+)

מלוכי (mlwky) BDB: see 4868

4868 מַלּוּכִי (mǎl·lû·ḵî): n.pr. [oth gentilic]; ≡ Str 4409;—LN 93-pers. (male) Malluchi (Malluch NIV): returnee priest from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:14+), see also 4866(6.), note: for Q, see also 4883

4869 מָלוֹן (mā·lôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4411; TWOT 1096a—1. LN 85.67–85.85 place of overnight lodging, a place where one spends the night (Ge 42:27; 43:21; Ex 4:24; Jos 4:3, 8; Isa 10:29; Jer 9:1[EB 2]+), note: this may be in a building or more open air camping; 2. LN 80.5–80.7 unit: מָלוֹן קֵץ (mā·lôn qēṣ) remote part, far corner of a place, formally, end of a lodging place, i.e., a place that is very far away from the point of view of the speaker as a limit or remote boundary (2Ki 19:23+)

4870 מְלוּנָה (melû·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4412; TWOT 1096b—LN 7.2–7.25 hut, shelter, i.e., a lodging structure of a watchman or others who must live outdoors in the field in a relatively flimsy and temporary structure (Isa 1:8; 24:20+)

4871 מַלּוֹתִי (mǎl·lô·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4413;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mallothi: temple musician (1Ch 25:4, 26+)

מִלּוֹתִי (mil·lô·ṯî) BDB: see 4910

I. מלח (mlḥ): see 4872

II. מלח (mlḥ): see 4873

4872 I. מָלַח (mā·lǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 4414; TWOT 1196, 1197—LN 24.1–24.51 (nif pf.) vanish, be dissipated, i.e., to spread thin and scatter and so eventually disappear and no longer be seen (Isa 51:6+)

4873 II. מָלַח (mā·lǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 4414; TWOT 1196—1. LN 5.23–5.28 (qal) season with salt, i.e., apply salt as a condiment to food (Lev 2:13+); 2. LN 47.1–47.7 (pual) be salted, i.e., place salt in a mixture (Ex 30:35+); (hof) be rubbed with salt (Eze 16:4+)

מָלָח (mā·lāḥ) BDB: see 4874

4874 I. מֶלַח (mě·lǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4418; TWOT 1196a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 clothing, dress, i.e., garments which are worn to cover the body (Jer 38:11, 12+); 2. LN 6.152–6.187 unit: בְּלוֹי מֶלַח (belôy mě·lǎḥ)1 rags, formally, old clothing, i.e., worn-out clothes as waste cloth, whose function changes to one of padding, absorbing, etc. (Jer 38:11, 12+)

4875 II. מֶלַח (mě·lǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4417; TWOT 1197a—1. LN 2.14–2.28 salt, i.e., an abundant element of the earth, sodium chloride, with a feature of impeding growth of plants when sown in the ground (Dt 29:22[EB 23]; Jdg 9:45; Eze 47:11+), see also 4877; 2. LN 5.23–5.28 salt, i.e., a condiment to food (Lev 2:13; 2Ki 2:20, 21; Job 6:6; Eze 43:24+); 3. LN 2.14–2.28 unit: נְצִיב מֶלַח (neṣîḇ mě·lǎḥ)2 pillar of salt, i.e., a projection of natural salt (Ge 19:26+), note: did the woman’s elements turn into salt, or was she covered with the elements of Sodom’sing. judgment and so appear to be a pillar of salt?; 4. LN 34.42–34.49 unit: בְּרִית מֶלַח (berîṯ mě·lǎḥ)2 covenant of salt, i.e., the act. of confirming a relationship using salt as binding, permanent contract of relationship (Nu 18:19; 2Ch 13:5+); 5. LN 1.51–1.59 unit: מִכְרֶה מֶלַח (miḵ·rě(h) mě·lǎḥ)2 salt pit, i.e., an excavation area in which salt is mined, which would be desolate of flora (Zep 2:9)

מֶלַח (mě·lǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4417; TWOT 1197a—LN 93-place (loc.) 1. unit: גַּיְא מֶלַח (gǎy(ʾ) mě·lǎḥ) Valley of Salt: valley possibly somewhere just S of the Dead Sea (2Sa 8:13; 2Ki 14:7; 1Ch 18:12; 2Ch 25:11; Ps 60:2[EB title]+), see also 4875 2. unit: יָם הַ־ מֶלַח (yām hǎ- mě·lǎḥ) Sea of Salt: another name of the Dead Sea (Ge 14:3; Nu 34:3, 12; Dt 3:17; Jos 3:16; 12:3; 15:2, 5; 18:19+) 3. unit: עִיר הַ־ מֶלַח (ʿîr hǎ- mě·lǎḥ) Ir Ha-Melech, City of Salt (Jos 15:62+), see 6558; ;also, a part of a compound name, Tel Melah, see 9427; City of Salt, see 6558

4876 מַלָּח (mǎl·lāḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4419; TWOT 1197d—LN 54 mariner, sailor, seaman, i.e., one who works on sea vessels as a sailor or transport worker (Eze 27:9, 27, 29; Jnh 1:5+)

4877 מְלֵחָה (melē·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4420; TWOT 1197b—LN 1.86–1.87 salt flat, salt waste-lands, i.e., a barren country and so sparsely populated (Job 39:6; Ps 107:34; Jer 17:6+), see also 4875

4878 מִלְחָמָה (mil·ḥā·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4421; TWOT 1104c—1. LN 55.2–55.6 war, i.e., a state of constant or continuous battle (Ex 17:16); 2. LN 55.2–55.6 battle, i.e., a combat between to parties generally conceived as a single event though several simultaneous or concurrent skirmishes can occur (1Sa 14:22); 3. LN 55.2–55.6 battle line, i.e., a line of soldiers ready to attack or defend (2Sa 10:9); 4. LN 6.29–6.40 weapon of war (Ps 76:4[EB 3]+); 5. LN 55.7–55.13 unit: אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה (ʾîš mil·ḥā·mā(h)) pl. army, formally, men of battle (1Sa 18:5); 6. LN 55.2–55.6 unit: עָשָׂה מִלְחָמָה (ʿā·śā(h) mil·ḥā·mā(h)) go to war, i.e., to make hostile military actions toward an enemy (Ge 14:2); 7. LN 55.2–55.6 unit: יָצָא לְ־ הַ־ מִלְחָמָה (yā·ṣā(ʾ) l- hǎ- mil·ḥā·mā(h)) go to war, formally, go out to the battle, i.e., to make hostile military actions toward an enemy (Jdg 20:14); 8. LN 55.2–55.6 unit: אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה הָיָה (ʾîš mil·ḥā·mā(h) hā·yā(h)) be at war, formally, be a man of battle, i.e., to make hostile military actions toward an enemy (2Sa 8:10); 9. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה (ʾîš mil·ḥā·mā(h)) warrior, formally, man of battle, i.e., a military soldier (Ex 15:3); 10. LN 6.29–6.40 unit: כְּלִי מִלְחָמָה (kelî mil·ḥā·mā(h)) weapon, formally, vessels of battle (Dt 1:41); 11. LN 55.7–55.13 unit: עַם הַ־ מִלְחָמָה (ʿǎm hǎ- mil·ḥā·mā(h)) army, formally, people of the battle (Jos 8:1); 12. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: תָּפַשׂ מִלְחָמָה (tā·p̄ǎś mil·ḥā·mā(h)) soldier, formally, engaged in battle, i.e., one who is a military fighter (Nu 31:27)

4879 מֶלֶט (mě·lěṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4423; TWOT 1198a—LN 7.77–7.79 mortar, cement, i.e., a pliable substance used to fuse bricks or rocks together in a wall or floor, as a building material (Jer 43:9+), note: some emend text to 928 + 4319; note: some translate “clay flooring” as a more solid substance for a throne

I. מלט (mlṭ): see 4880

II. מלט (mlṭ): see 4881

4880 I. מָלַט (mā·lǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 4422; TWOT 1198—1. LN 21.17–21.24 (piel) save, deliver, rescue, spare, i.e., deliver one from danger and so cause one to be safe, often with a focus of physically leaving an area (1Sa 19:11), see also domain LN 15.34–15.74; (nif) escape, flee, deliver oneself (Jdg 3:26); (hif) rescue (Isa 31:5+); (hitp) escape (Job 19:20+), note: parse as Job 19:20 as 4881; 2. LN 21.25–21.32 (piel) save, i.e., save in a religious sense, with a focus on continued relationship with the LORD (Ps 116:8); 3. LN 23.46–23.60 (piel) birth, lay an egg, formally, release, i.e., have a creature expel or lay a fetus or fertilized egg as part of the process of procreation, apparently as an extension of releasing or freeing an object from the body (Isa 34:15); (hif) deliver a baby (Isa 66:7); 4. LN 15.215–15.221 (hitp) shoot out, throw out, hurl an object through the air (Job 41:11[EB 19]+)

4881 II. מָלַט (mā·lǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 4422; TWOT 1198—LN 79.114–79.117 (hitp) be bald, i.e., be in a state or condition with no, or little hair on the head (Job 19:20+), note: some parse as 4880 hitp

4882 מְלַטְיָה (melǎṭ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4424;—LN 93-pers. (male) Melatiah: wall builder with Nehemiah (Ne 3:7+)

4883 מְלִיכוּ (melî·ḵû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4409;—LN 93-pers. (male) Melichu: (Ne 12:14+ Q), note: for K, see also 4868

4884 מְלִילָה (melî·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4425; TWOT 1202a—LN 3.33–3.46 rubbed kernels of grain, i.e., the fruit part of a plant that is processed, rubbing the head of mature grain in the hands, blowing the chaff, so leaving a handful of grain suitable for eating (Dt 23:26[EB 25]+), see also domain LN 5.1–5.22, note: context allows that this may be the unprocessed head of mature grain

4885 מֵלִיץ (mē·lîṣ): n.masc. [KB, BDB: hif act.ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 3887, 3945;—1. LN 31.14–31.25 intercessor, mediator, i.e., one who helps parties to come to an agreement (Job 16:20; 33:23+); 2. LN 33.189–33.217 envoy, spokesman, go-between, i.e., a person who relates messages between parties, including language interpreting or a focus on the message’s content (Ge 42:23; 2Ch 32:31; Isa 43:27+)

4886 מְלִיצָה (melî·ṣā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 4426; TWOT 1113b—1. LN 33.11–33.25 allusive saying, parable, i.e., a saying or proverb that is difficult to understand, requiring wisdom to unravel the true meaning, possibly implying that the saying undeciphered mocks or taunts the hearer (Pr 1:6+), see also domain LN 33.406–33.411; 2. LN 33.406–33.411 ridiculing sayings, mockery, scoffing words, i.e., words of derision and ridicule (Hab 2:6+)

I. מלךְ (mlk): see 4887

II. מלךְ (mlk): see 4888

4887 I. מָלַךְ (mā·lǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 4427; TWOT 1199, 1200—LN 37.48–37.95 (qal) reign as king, be in a condition or state of being a kingly ruler, with a focus on the person who reigns (1Sa 8:7); (hif) have a coronation, make one a king (1Sa 8:22); (hof) coronated, be made a king (Da 9:1+)

4888 II. מָלַךְ (mā·lǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 4427; TWOT 1199—LN 30.39–30.52 (nif) ponder, think about, i.e., consider carefully within oneself, with response following (Ne 5:7+)

4889 I. מֶלֶךְ (mě·lěḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4428, 4429;—1. LN 37.48–37.95 king, male royal ruler, i.e., a governmental head of a kingdom (1Sa 8:5), note: often in ancient government the king embodied political, social, religious, and military authority; also, a part of a compound name, Regem-Melech, see 8085, see also 4889.5; note: for NIV text at Isa 57:9, see 4891; 2. LN 12.1–12.42 the King, i.e., a title for the one true God (Nu 23:21; Ps 2:6; 5:3[EB 2]; 10:16; 24:7, 8, 9, 10; 29:10; 44:5[EB 4]; 47:3[EB 2],7[EB 6],8[EB 7]; 48:3[EB 2]; 68:25[EB 24]; 84:4[EB 3]; 95:3; 98:6; 99:4; 145:1; 149:2; Isa 6:5; 41:21; 43:15; 44:6; Jer 8:19; 10:7, 10; 23:5; 46:18; 48:15; 51:57; Zep 3:15; Zec 14:16, 17); 3. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: בֵּן מֶלֶךְ (bēn mě·lěḵ)1 prince, formally, son of the king (Jdg 8:18); 4. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ מֶלֶךְ (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- mě·lěḵ)1 palace, formally, house of the king, i.e., a building where the king dwells (2Sa 11:8), note: the palace grounds may be included in this palace area; 5. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: בַּת מֶלֶךְ (bǎṯ mě·lěḵ)1 princess, formally, daughter of the king (Ps 45:14[EB 13]); 6. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: מֶלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ (mě·lěḵ mě·lěḵ)1 highest king, formally, king of kings, i.e., a supreme ruler over all (Eze 26:7), note: cf. also 1Ti 6:15; Rev 17:14; 19:16

מֶלֶךְ (mě·lěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4428, 4429;—LN 93-place (loc.) 1. King’s Gate: an entrance area in Jerusalem (1Ch 9:18+) 2. King’sing. Gate: place in Persia (Est 2:19) 3. (valley) King’sing. Valley: wadi likely same as Kidron (Ge 14:17; 2Sa 18:18+), see also 4889, 7724, 8753

4890 II. מֶלֶךְ (mě·lěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4428; TWOT 1199a—LN 93-pers. (male) Melech: of Benjamin by Saul, returnee from captivity (1Ch 8:35; 9:41+)

4891 מֹלֶךְ (mō·lěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4432; TWOT 1199h—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Melech (Molech NIV, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh ftn, NJB): deity of the Ammonites (Lev 18:21; 20:2, 3, 4, 5; 1Ki 11:7; 2Ki 23:10; Jer 32:35+), note: for MT text at Isa 57:9, see 4889

4892 מַלְכֹּדֶת (mǎl·kō·ḏěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4434; TWOT 1115b—LN 6.23–6.25 trap, snare, i.e., an implement that captures and controls prey (Job 18:10+)

4893 מַלְכָּה (mǎl·kā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4436; TWOT 1199b—1. LN 37.48–37.95 queen, female royal ruler, i.e., one who is the governmental head of a kingdom (1Ki 10:1, 4, 10, 13; 2Ch 9:1, 3, 9, 12+); 2. LN 10.53–10.61 royal wife, queen, i.e., the wife of a king, though royalty, one of relatively little intrinsic political power (Est 1:9–9:31 passim; SS 6:8, 9+)

מְלֻכָה (melǔ·ḵā(h)): see 4867 (1Sa 10:25+)

4894 מִלְכָּה (mil·kā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4435;—LN 93-pers. (female) Milcah: 1. wife of Nahor (Ge 11:29; 22:20, 23; 24:15, 24, 47+) 2. daughter of Zelophehad (Nu 26:33; 27:1; 36:11; Jos 17:3+)

4895 מַלְכוּת (mǎl·ḵûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4438; TWOT 1199e—1. LN 1.82–1.85 kingdom, empire, realm, i.e., the area or people ruled under by a monarchy form of government (1Sa 20:31); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 reign, royal power, i.e., the position as a king, implying great authority (2Ch 12:1); 3. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת מַלְכוּת (bǎ·yiṯ mǎl·ḵûṯ) palace, formally, house of the reign, i.e., a residence of the king and governmental power (2Ch 2:11[EB 12])

4896 מַלְכִּיאֵל (mǎl·kî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4439;—LN 93-pers. (male) Malkiel: grandson of Asher (Ge 46:17; Nu 26:45; 1Ch 7:31+), see also 4897

4897 מַלְכִּיאֵלִי (mǎl·kî·ʾē·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4440;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Malkielite: pertaining to Malkiel (Nu 26:45+), see also 4896

4898 מַלְכִּיָּה (mǎl·kiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4441;—LN 93-pers. (male) Malkijah: 1. of Kohath, song leader in temple worship (1Ch 6:25 [EB 40]+) 2. priest of the 5th course (1Ch 24:9+) 3. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:25a+) 4. another divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:31+) 5. wall builder (Ne 3:11+) 6. another wall builder (Ne 3:14+) 7. yet another wall builder (Ne 3:31+) 8. one who stood with Ezra (Ne 8:4+) 9. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:4[EB 3]+) 10. priest dedicating Nehemiah’s restored wall of Jerusalem (Ne 12:42+) 11. father of royal courier of King Zedekiah (1Ch 9:12; Ne 11:12; Jer 21:1; 38:1+), note: some identify as two or three different referents 12. see also 4899 13. yet another divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:25b+)

4899 מַלְכִּיָּהוּ (mǎl·kiy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4441;—LN 93-pers. (male) Malkijahu (Malkijah NIV): son of King Zedekiah (Jer 38:6+), see also 4898

4900 מַלְכִּי־צֶדֶק (mǎl·kî-·ṣě·ḏěq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4442; TWOT 1199i—LN 93-pers. (male) Melchizedek: king of Salem and priest of the Most High God (Ge 14:18; Ps 110:4+)

4901 מַלְכִּירָם (mǎl·kî·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4443;—LN 93-pers. (male) Malkiram: of King Jehoiachin (1Ch 3:18+)

4902 מַלְכִּי־שׁוּעַ (mǎl·kî-·šûaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4444;—LN 93-pers. (male) Malki-Shua: son of Saul (1Sa 14:49; 31:2; 1Ch 8:33; 9:39; 10:2+)

מַלְכִּישׁוּעַ (mǎl·kî·šûaʿ) BDB: see 4902

4903 מַלְכָּם (mǎl·kām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4445;—LN 93-pers. (male) Malcam: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:9+), see also 4903.5

מַלְכָּם (mǎl·kām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4445;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Molech: pagan god (Jer 49:1, 3; Zep 1:5+), see also 4903, 4904

4904 מִלְכֹּם (mil·kōm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4445;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Molech: pagan god (1Ki 11:5; 11:33; 2Ki 23:13+)

4905 מַלְכֵּן (mǎl·kēn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4404; TWOT 1074i—LN 7.2–7.25 (possibly) place of the Molechs, assumably a construction of some kind (2Sa 12:31 K+), note: for Q, see 4861, note: for this meaning, the BHS must be repointed as Aramaic (defective) plural ־ִין (i-yn)

4906 מְלֶכֶת (melě·ḵěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4446; TWOT 1199c—1. LN 37.48–37.95 queen, female royal ruler, i.e., one who is the governmental head of a kingdom (Jer 7:18; 44:17, 18, 19, 25+); 2. LN 12.23 unit: מְלֶכֶת הַ־ שָׁמַיִם (melě·ḵěṯ hǎ- šā·mǎ·yim) the Queen of Heaven, i.e., a pagan deity (Jer 7:18; 44:17, 18, 19, 25+), note: the exact identification is not now certain, possibly Ashtorah or some such

4907 מֹלֶכֶת (mō·lě·ḵěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4447;—LN 93-pers. (female) (NAB) Moleketh: sister of Gilead (1Ch 7:18+), most versions see 2168

מַלְכֻת (mǎl·ḵǔṯ) Holladay: see 4895

I. מלל (mll): see 4908

II. מלל (mll): see 4909

מלל (mll)[3] Lisowsky, KB: see 4910, 4911

מלל (mll)[4] Holladay: see 4911

4908 I. מָלַל (mā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5243; TWOT 1161—1. LN 79.78–79.83 (qal) wither away, i.e., be in a dried up state, inferring a loss of biological life (Job 14:2; 18:16; Ps 37:2+), note: some parse Job 14:2 as nif of 4909; (polel) wither (Ps 90:6+); 2. LN 79.104–79.109 (hitpolel) blunted, dull, formally, dried, withered, i.e., pertaining to a shape of dullness and so have no potency or impact (Ps 58:8[EB 7]+), note: this may also refer to the flying of the arrow not having potency or impact as it falls short or goes astray

4909 II. מָלַל (mā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5243; TWOT 1161—1. LN 53.44–53.52 (qal) circumcise, formally, cut off, i.e., remove the foreskin of the penis as a ritual or ceremony of dedication or identification of a group (Jos 5:2+); (nif) be circumcised (Ge 17:11+); (nif) be cut off (Job 14:2; 24:24+), note: for another parsing in Ge, see 4576 nif; note: some parse Job 14:2 as nif of 4908; note: in Ps 58:8[EB 7], see 4908; 2. LN 19.14–19.26 (nif) be cut off, i.e., cut or snap off an object from its source (Job 24:24+), note: some parse as qal of 4908

4910 III. מָלַל (mā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 4448; TWOT 1201—1. LN 33.69–33.108 (piel) say, speak, i.e., say something out loud to another, with a focus on the content (Ge 21:7; Job 8:2; 33:3+); 2. LN 33.256–33.261 (piel) proclaim, i.e., publicly announce a truth or principle, with a focus on the content of that proclamation (Ps 106:2+)

4911 IV. מָלַל (mā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 4448; TWOT 1201—LN 33.476–33.489 (qal ptcp. masc.sing.) signal, formally, scrape, i.e., make a non-verbal communication as feet signals, by rubbing, scraping, implying subtlety in communication (Pr 6:13+)

מִלֲלִי (mi·lǎlî) BDB: see 4912

4912 מִלֲלַי (mi·lǎlǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4450;—LN 93-pers. (male) Milalai: musician of Nehemiah’s day (Ne 12:36+)

4913 מַלְמָד (mǎl·māḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4451; TWOT 1116b—LN 6.4–6.9 cattle-goad, i.e., a pointed stick, often with a metal point, used to prod cattle, but could be used as a weapon (Jdg 3:31+), note: the goad may have been the weapon of choice to illustrate the futility of resisting a superior power

מַלְמֵד (mǎl·mēḏ) BDB: see 4913

מלץ (mlṣ): see 4914

4914 מָלַץ (mā·lǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 4452; TWOT 1205—LN 23.1–23.39 (nif pf.) be palatable, very eatable, i.e., something that is smooth tasting and so pleasant to eat (Ps 119:103+)

4915 מֶלְצַר (měl·ṣǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4453; TWOT 1206—LN 37.119–37.126 guardian, steward, overseer, i.e., a guard with some official status (Da 1:11, 16+), note: KJV translates “Melzar” as an n.pr.

מֶלְצָר (měl·ṣār) BDB: see 4915

מלק (mlq): see 4916

4916 מָלַק (mā·lǎq): v.; ≡ Str 4454; TWOT 1207—LN 20.61–20.88 (qal) wring off, nip off, i.e., kill by decapitation of the head of a bird by pinching off the head (Lev 1:15; 5:8+), note: BDB notes that this may be a wringing motion without necessarily severing the head from the body

4917 מַלְקוֹחַ (mǎl·qôaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4455; TWOT 1124b, 1124c—LN 57.232–57.248 war-booty, plunder-spoils, i.e., objects taken by victor after a battle or war (Nu 31:11, 12, 26, 27, 32; Isa 49:24, 25+), note: though these objects are taken by force, it is not clear as to their status as actual stolen objects

מַלְקוֹחַ (mǎl·qôaḥ)[2] BDB: see 4918

4918 מַלְקוֹחַיִם (mǎl·qô·ḥǎ·yim): n.[masc.] dual; ≡ Str 4455; TWOT 1124b—LN 8.9–8.69 palate, i.e., the roof of the mouth which separates the mouth from the nasal cavity (Ps 22:16[EB 15]+)

4919 מַלְקוֹשׁ (mǎl·qôš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4456; TWOT 1127b—1. LN 14.10–14.14 spring rains, i.e., the latter rains of March-April of the modern calendar (Dt 11:14; Job 29:23; Pr 16:15; Jer 3:3; 5:24; Hos 6:3; Joel 2:23+), see also domain LN 67.163–67.200; 2. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: עֵת מַלְקוֹשׁ (ʿēṯ mǎl·qôš) springtime, i.e., the time of March-April (Zec 10:1+)

מַלְקֹחַיִם (mǎl·qō·ḥǎ·yim) Lisowsky: see 4918

מַלְקָחַיִם (mǎl·qā·ḥǎ·yim): n.[masc.] dual; ≡ Str 4456; TWOT 1127b—LN 6.102–6.105 pair of wick trimmers, snuffer, i.e., a special tool (possibly scissor-like in function) for adjustment and removal of the wicks in the lamps, and also have the function of putting out the flame (Ex 25:38; 37:23; Nu 4:9+) note: see also 4920

4920 מֶלְקָחַיִם (měl·qā·ḥǎ·yim): n.[masc.] dual; ≡ Str 4457; TWOT 1124d—LN 6.215–6.225 pair of tongs, i.e., a tool made of two sticks of metal, usually connected by a pivot or hinge to grasp and move hot embers or coals in a fire (1Ki 7:49; 2Ch 4:21; Isa 6:6+) see also 4919.5

4921 מֶלְתָּחָה (měl·tā·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4458; TWOT 1132a—LN 6.152–6.187 wardrobe, i.e., a collection of clothing (2Ki 10:22+), note: some translate as “wardrobe room” as a room in a building, see also domain LN 7.26–7.53

4922 מַלְתָּעוֹת (mǎl·tā·ʿôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4459; TWOT 2516d—LN 8.9–8.69 incisor, fang, i.e., the long teeth which can pierce and hold prey or food (Ps 58:7[EB 6]+), see also 5506; note: Holladay translates “jawbone.”

4923 מַמְּגוּרָה (mǎm·meḡû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4460; TWOT 330e—1. LN 7.63–7.76 pl. (most versions) grain storage place, barn, i.e., granary structure (Joel 1:17+); 2. LN 7.57–7.58 (KB) water container, i.e., pond or tank (Joel 1:17+), note: this interp is possibly if the אוֹצָר (ʾô·ṣār) is a water container (as in NEB, REB) and explains in context why the grain is dried up.

מַמְּגֻרָה (mǎm·meḡǔ·rā(h)) Lisowsky: see 4923

מַמְּגֻרוֹת (mǎm·meḡǔ·rôṯ) BDB: see 4923

מְמָד (memāḏ) Lisowsky: see 4924

מֵמַד (mē·mǎḏ) BDB: see 4924

4924 מֵמָד (mē·māḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4461; TWOT 1146c—LN 81.1–81.2 measurement, dimensions, i.e., a spatial unit of something (Job 38:5+)

4925 מְמוּכָן (memû·ḵān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4462;—LN 93-pers. (male) Memucan: close advisor of King Xerxes (Est 1:14, 16, 21+), note: for K at 1:16, see 4584

4926 מָמוֹת (mā·môṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4463; TWOT 1169b—1. LN 23.88–23.128 (coll. pl.) death, i.e., the state or process of dying (Eze 28:8+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: מָמוֹת תַּחֲלֻאִים (mā·môṯ tǎ·ḥǎlǔ·ʾîm) plague, formally, death by diseases, i.e., a pandemic disease in a population that causes widespread death (Jer 16:4+)

מְמוֹתִים (memô·ṯîm) Lisowsky: see 4926

4927 מַמְזֵר (mǎm·zēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4464; TWOT 1174a—1. LN 11.90–11.95 illegitimate child, half-breed, i.e., one born of a forbidden marriage, a child of culturally mixed marriage, with one parent not in believing community (Dt 23:3[EB 2]+); 2. LN 11.55–11.89 foreigners, formally, illegitimate child, i.e., one who is not a native to a land or culture, having lost the precise meaning of a child of a mixed cultures/race (Zec 9:6+), note: here apparently, as a pejorative term, cf. “half-breed” or “bastard.”

4928 מִמְכָּר (mim·kār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4465; TWOT 1194b—1. LN 57.186–57.188 selling, sale, i.e., the act. of taking an owned object and selling it (Lev 25:27, 29, 33, 50+); 2. LN 57.1–57.21 merchandise, goods, a thing that is owned by someone and then sold (Lev 25:14, 25, 28; Ne 13:20; Eze 7:13+); 3. LN 57.186–57.188 purchase price, i.e., the amount of money something sells for (Dt 18:8+)

4929 מִמְכֶּרֶת (mim·kě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4466; TWOT 1194c—LN 57.186–57.188 selling, sale, i.e., the act. of taking an owned object and selling it (Lev 25:42+)

4930 מַמְלָכָה (mǎm·lā·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4467; TWOT 1199f—1. LN 1.82–1.85 kingdom, empire, realm, i.e., the area or people ruled under by a monarchy form of government (1Sa 13:13); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 reign, royal power, kingship, i.e., the position as a king, implying great authority (2Ch 13:5); 3. LN 37.48–37.95 king, male royal ruler, i.e., a governmental head of a kingdom (2Ch 12:8)

4931 מַמְלָכוּת (mǎm·lā·ḵûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4468; TWOT 1199g—1. LN 1.82–1.85 kingdom, empire, realm, i.e., the area or people ruled under by a monarchy form of government (Jos 13:12, 21, 27, 30, 31; 2Sa 16:3; Hos 1:4+); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 reign, royal power, kingship, i.e., the position as a king, implying great authority (1Sa 15:28; Jer 26:1+)

מִמֶּנּוּ (mim·měn·nû): see 4946 + 5646 or 5647

מִמֶּנִּי (mim·měn·nî): see 4946 + 5761

מִמֶּנָּה (mim·měn·nā(h)): see 4946 + 5626

מִמְּךֳ (mimeḵǒ): see 4946 + 3870

מִמֵּךְ (mim·mēḵ): see 4946 + 3871

4932 מִמְסָךְ (mim·sāḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4469; TWOT 1220b—1. LN 6.118–6.151 bowl, i.e., a vessel used for containing mixed wine, with a focus on the contents (Pr 23:30; Isa 65:11+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.197–6.202 mixed wine, spice wine, i.e., wine that is mixed with spices as desireable drink, with a focus on the drink itself and not the vessel it comes in (Pr 23:30; Isa 65:11+)

4933 מֶמֶר (mě·měr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4470; TWOT 1248j—LN 25.270–25.287 bitterness, grief, i.e., a mental state of personal anguish or regret, implying annoyance toward someone (Pr 17:25+)

4934 I. מַמְרֵא (mǎm·rē(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4471; TWOT 1208—LN 93-place (loc.) Mamre: place near Hebron (Ge 13:18; 18:1; 23:17, 19; 25:9; 35:27; 49:30; 50:13+), see also 4935

4935 II. מַמְרֵא (mǎm·rē(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4471; TWOT 1208—LN 93-pers. (male) Mamre: an Amorite in the days of Abraham (Ge 14:13, 24+), see also 4934

מַמְרוֹר (mǎm·rôr) BDB: see 4936

מַמְּרוֹרִים (mǎm·merô·rîm) Lisowsky: see 4936

4936 מַמְּרֹרִים (mǎm·merō·rîm): [n.masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 4472; TWOT 1248k—LN 25.223–25.250 bitterness, i.e., a mental state of distress and suffering of affliction (Job 9:18+), note: NIV “misery”

4937 מִמְשַׁח (mim·šǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4473; TWOT 1255d—1. LN 37.48–37.95 anointing, appointed, i.e., a state of being in special authority or function as a figurative extension of the ceremony of applying oil to a person or thing in consecration (Eze 28:14+); 2. LN 79.114–79.117 spreading wings, expansion, i.e., the state or act. of having wings spread out and so extended and covering an object (Eze 28:14+)

4938 מִמְשָׁל (mim·šāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4474; TWOT 1259b—1. LN 37.48–37.95 leader, ruler, i.e., one who is prominent in social setting, implying authority to govern or lead (1Ch 26:6+); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 dominion, power, i.e., the rulership and governing of a government (of any size) as a supreme authority (Da 11:3, 5+)

4939 מֶמְשָׁלָה (měm·šā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4475; TWOT 1259c—1. LN 37.48–37.95 dominion, power, i.e., the rulership and governing of a government (of any size) as a supreme authority (Ps 103:22; 145:13; Mic 4:8); 2. LN 37.35–37.47 authority, i.e., the right to rule or have control over someone or something (Isa 22:21); 3. LN 55.7–55.13 army, formally, dominion, i.e., the military forces of a king (2Ch 32:9); 4. LN 28.28–28.56 distinguishing, formally, governing or ruling, i.e., that which is prominent and so distinctive and clearly known (Ge 1:16; Ps 136:8, 9); 5. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: מֶמְשָׁלָה יָד (měm·šā·lā(h) yāḏ) rule a kingdom, formally, dominion of hand, i.e., the act. of ruling and governing (Jer 34:1)

מֶמְשֶׁלֶת (měm·šě·lěṯ) BDB: see 4939

4940 מִמְשָׁק (mim·šāq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4476; TWOT 1261b—LN 80.1–80.4 place, formally, inheritance or possession, i.e., an area of space, implying ownership of that space by a person or group (Zep 2:9+)

4941 מַמְתַקִּים (mǎm·ṯǎq·qîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 4477; TWOT 1268d—1. LN 79.39–79.44 sweetness, i.e., the concept of pleasant and sugary tasting thing (Ne 8:10+); 2. LN 25.12–25.32 pleasant, formally, sweetness, i.e., that which is desireable as a figurative extension of sweet things (SS 5:16+)

מַן (mǎn) Lisowsky: see 4943

4942 I. מָן (mān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4478; TWOT 1208, 1209—LN 5.22 manna, i.e., a food given as an act. of God for supernatural provision (Ex 16:31, 33, 35; Nu 11:6, 7, 9; Dt 8:3, 16; Jos 5:12; Ne 9:20; Ps 78:24+), note: the exact contents and origin of this food is debated by the sources, see also 4943

4943 II. מָן (mān): pt. interrogative; ≡ Str 4478; TWOT 1208—LN 92.11–92.25 What?, i.e., a marker of a question (Ex 16:15+), note: related sonically or etymologically to 4942

4944 I. מֵן (mēn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4482; TWOT 1211—LN 14.74–14.86 (pl.) music of stringed instruments, formally, harp string, i.e., the sounds of music from plucked instruments (Ps 45:9[EB 8]; 150:4+), note: Lisowsky switches 1 & 2

4945 II. מֵן (mēn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4482; TWOT 1211—LN 5.1–5.22 food, formally, share or portion, i.e., what is consumed at a meal (Ps 68:24[EB 23]+), note: in context it is blood lapped off a soldier’s feet by a dog, as a meal

4946 מִן (min): prep.; ≡ Str 4480; TWOT 1212, 1213e—1. LN 90.14–90.16 from, by, i.e., a marker of a source of an event or activity (Ge 17:16), see also LN 90.1–90.7; 2. LN 84.1–84.15 from, away from, i.e., a marker of an extension from a source (Ge 26:16); 3. LN 63.13–63.20 part of, some, from, i.e., a marker of a fractional part of a whole unit of an object or event (Ex 16:20); 4. LN 89.141–89.142 made of, from, i.e., a marker of the substance something is made of (Lev 11:32); 5. LN 90.8–90.13 by means, from, i.e., a marker of instrument of an occurring event (Ge 9:11); 6. LN 67.118–67.135 since, from, i.e., a marker of an extent of time from a point in the past (Ex 5:23); 7. LN 89.15–89.38 because of, from, i.e., a marker of a reason or cause of an event (Ge 48:10); 8. LN 64 than, from, i.e., a marker of comparison or contrast (Ge 3:1); 9. LN 78.28–78.39 more than, i.e., a marker of a comparative degree (Ge 7:20); 10. LN 83.33–83.41 unit: מִן עַל (min ʿǎl)2 before, i.e., a spatial position in front of an object or space (2Ch 24:20)note: see also 4974; note: further study may yield more domains

מְנָאוֹת (menā·ʾôṯ): see 4987 (Ne 12:44+)

4947 מַנְגִּינָה (mǎn·gî·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4485; TWOT 1291.1b—LN 33.109–33.116 mocking song, i.e., a musical piece that taunts another (La 3:63+)

מנה (mnh): see 4948

4948 I. מָנָה (mā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 4487; TWOT 1213—1. LN 60.1–60.9 (qal) count, number, take a census, i.e., use numbers to determine a quantity of objects or events, implying a finite number (Ge 13:16a; Nu 23:10; 2Ki 12:11[EB 10]; Ps 90:12; Jer 33:13+); (nif) be counted, be numbered (Ge 13:16b; 1Ki 3:8; 8:5; 2Ch 5:6; Ecc 1:15+); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 (qal) take a census, i.e., make a registry of numbers of persons, usually for a political or military reason (2Sa 24:1; 1Ki 20:25; 1Ch 21:1, 17; 27:24+); (nif) be counted among (Isa 53:12+); 3. LN 30.75–30.85 (qal) determine, destine, formally, count, i.e., make a decision or conclusion about a matter, implying exact completion and so authority over, as a figurative extension of counting quantities of items and so knowing all about them (Ps 147:4; Isa 65:12+); (piel) assign, appoint, provide (Job 7:3; Ps 61:8[EB 7]; Da 1:5, 10, 11; Jnh 2:1[EB 1:17]; 4:6, 7, 8+); (pual) be assigned, be appointed (1Ch 9:29+)

4949 מָנֶה (mā·ně(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4488; TWOT 1213b—LN 86.4–86.5 maneh, mina (NIV), i.e., a specific unit weight of precious metal, just over a pound (500 g) to about one and 1/4 pounds (570g), though in some ancient systems it was twice that amount (more than two pounds, 1050 g) (1Ki 10:17; Ezr 2:69; Ne 7:70[NIV 71],71[NIV 72]; Eze 45:12+)

4950 II. מָנָה (mā·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4490; TWOT 1213a—1. LN 63.9–63.12 share, portion, piece, i.e., a part of something in contrast to a whole (Ex 29:26; Lev 7:33; 8:29; 1Sa 1:5; 9:23; 2Ch 31:19; Ne 8:10, 12; Est 2:9+); 2. LN 57.71–57.124 present, i.e., a gift of food or some other thing as a token of favor (Est 9:19, 22+); 3. LN 63.9–63.12 unit: מָנָה אֶחָד אַף (mā·nā(h) ʾě·ḥāḏ ʾǎp̄)2 double portion, i.e., a generous amount of a whole, implying special favor toward the recipient (1Sa 1:4+)

4951 מֹנֶה (mō·ně(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4489; TWOT 1213c—1. LN 13.104–13.163 occurrence, happening, i.e., a “time” something happens as a distinct event (Ge 31:7, 41+); 2. LN 60.67–60.74 unit: עֲשֶׂרֶת מֹנֶה (ʿǎśě·rěṯ mō·ně(h)) ten times, i.e., ten occurrences of something as a cardinal of time (Ge 31:7, 41+)

4952 מִנְהָג (min·hāḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4491; TWOT 1309a—LN 15.160–15.164 driving, i.e., the manner or act. of causing a vehicle propelled by horses to go in linear motion, implying control and steering of the vehicle (2Ki 9:20+)

מִנֶּהוּ (min·ně·hû) BDB: see 4945 + 2084

4953 מִנְהָרָה (min·hā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4492; TWOT 1316b—LN 85.67–85.85 (pl.) shelters, i.e., a place to dwell (Jdg 6:2+), note: in context, holes or caves in mountain clefts in which one can temporarily dwell

4954 מָנוֹד (mā·nôḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4493; TWOT 1319c—LN 33.476–33.489 shaking, jiggling, i.e., a motion of bobbing or nodding the head as a sign of scorn or derision (Ps 44:15[EB 14]+), see also domain LN 33.406–33.411

4955 I. מָנוֹחַ (mā·nôaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4494; TWOT 1323e—1. LN 23.78–23.87 resting place, i.e., a place where one can rest and recuperate from activity, with the focus on the rest itself (Ge 8:9; Dt 28:65; La 1:3+); 2. LN 25.80–25.84 rest, i.e., be in a state of contentment and satisfaction (Ps 116:7+); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 home, formally, resting place, i.e., an abode as a place where one lives and finds rest (Ru 3:1+); 4. LN 85.67–85.85 lair, den, i.e., an abode for animals (Isa 34:14+); 5. LN 68.34–68.57 cease movement, stop, formally, rest, i.e., to be in a stationary state as a figurative extension of being in a place as an abode (1Ch 6:16[EB 31]+)

4956 II. מָנוֹחַ (mā·nôaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4495;—LN 93-pers. (male) Manoah: father of Samson (Jdg 13:2–22 passim; 16:31+)

4957 מְנוּחָה (menû·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4496; TWOT 1323f—1. LN 85.67–85.85 resting place, i.e., a place where repose and rest from tiredness, with a focus on the space occupied (Ge 49:15; Nu 10:33; Dt 12:9; 1Ch 28:2; Ps 132:8, 14; Isa 11:10; 28:12; 32:18; 66:1; Mic 2:10+), see also 5665; 2. LN 25.80–25.84 rest, formally, resting place, i.e., be in a content and satisfied state as a figurative extension of a place of rest (Ru 1:9; 2Sa 14:17; 1Ki 8:56; 1Ch 22:9; Ps 95:11; Jer 45:3+); 3. LN 22.42–22.47 ease, formally, place of rest, i.e., pertaining to being able to do something, and so be in a favorable circumstance (Jdg 20:43+), note: some change text to 4955; 4. LN 20.12–20.30 oppression, domination, formally, resting place, i.e., the act. of being actively against something, implying harm, as a figurative extension of a place of rest (Zec 9:1+), note: this may be a “resting place” as a place of residence, but this does leave logical and theological anomalies, since Jerusalem, not Damascus is the dwelling place of the LORD, see domain LN 85.67–85.85; 5. LN 1.69–1.78 unit: מַיִם מְנוּחָה (mǎ·yim menû·ḥā(h)) watering place, formally, waters of rest, i.e., a body of water suitable for feeding, watering and resting flocks of animals (Ps 23:2+); 6. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: שַׂר מְנוּחָה (śǎr menû·ḥā(h)) staff officer, formally, officer or official of resting place, i.e., one in charge of the comforts of the king (Jer 51:59+), note: some change text to “tribute,” 4966

4958 מָנוֹל (mā·nôl): n.[masc.]—see 4978 (Job 15:29 cj+)

4959 מָנוֹן (mā·nôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4497; TWOT 1213f—LN 39.18–39.20 unmanageableness, refractoriness, i.e., the act. or state of being hard to control, implying a moral character that is deficient to proper order (Pr 29:21+), note: this lexeme is difficult to determine meaning according to some sources, though context (e.g) in verse 19 favors this as the meaning

4960 מָנוֹס (mā·nôs): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4498; TWOT 1327a—1. LN 21.14–21.16 refuge, fortress, i.e., a place to flee or escape to for safety (2Sa 22:3; Job 11:20; Ps 59:17[EB 16]; 142:5[EB 4]; Jer 16:19; 25:35; Am 2:14+), see also domain LN 85.67–85.85; 2. LN 21.14–21.16 flight, escape, i.e., the act. of becoming safe by leaving a physical area (Jer 46:5+)

4961 מְנוּסָה (menû·sā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4499; TWOT 1327b—LN 21.14–21.16 flight, fleeing, i.e., the leaving of a physical area for safety (Lev 26:36; Isa 52:12+)

4962 מָנוֹר (mā·nôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4500; TWOT 1361a—1. LN 7.77–7.79 beam, i.e., a piece of finished wood for a construction purpose (1Sa 17:7; 2Sa 21:19; 1Ch 11:23; 20:5+); 2. LN 6.14–6.22 unit: מָנוֹר אָרַג (mā·nôr ʾā·rǎḡ) weaver’s rod, beam of weavers, i.e., a stick of wood thicker and heavier than a normal shaft of a spear (1Sa 17:7; 2Sa 21:19; 1Ch 11:23; 20:5+), note: some think the focus is not on the size of the shaft, but the loops similar in appearance to heddles (loop to guide warp) on a loom, typical of a Greek style spear

4963 מְנוֹרָה (menô·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4501; TWOT 1333c—LN 6.102–6.105 lampstand, i.e., a piece of furniture that is designed to hold one or more ancient lamps, usually with a base, stem-shaft, and holder for the lamp (Ex 25:31–40:24 passim; Lev 24:4; Nu 3:31; 4:9; 8:2, 3, 4; 1Ki 7:49; 2Ki 4:10; 1Ch 28:15(7xs); 2Ch 4:7, 20; 13:11; Jer 52:19; Zec 4:2, 11+)

4964 מִנְּזָר (min·nezār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4502; TWOT 1340d—1. LN 55.14–55.22 pl. (NIV, NRSV, NASB, Tanakh) military guard, watchman, i.e., a military man that keeps a lookout for trouble (Na 3:17+), note: so similarly: (NKJV) commanders; (NEB) secret agents; (REB) agents; (NAB, NJB) garrisons, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 civic official, i.e., one who is a civilian ruler (Na 3:17+), note: so similarly: (ASV, RSV) princes; Holladay courtier; (KJV) ones crowned; note: a military guard of some kind is contextually the more likely

מִנְּזָרִים (min·nezā·rîm) BDB, Lisowsky: see 4964

4965 מֻנָּח (mǔn·nāḥ): n.masc. [KB, BDB: hof ptcp.masc. of 5663]; ≡ Str 3240, 5117;—LN 80.1–80.4 open area, i.e., an area left empty (Eze 41:9, 11+)

4966 מִנְחָה (min·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4503; TWOT 1214a—1. LN 53.16–53.27 offering, sacrifice, i.e., a gift offered to God as a religious activity (1Sa 2:17), note: this can be grain, fruits, animal or other offerings; 2. LN 57.71–57.124 gift, present, i.e., something given to another without compensation (2Ki 8:8), note: often the one receiving the gift is a superior in some way; 3. LN 57.178–57.185 tribute, i.e., an obligatory gift of one nation to another as an act. of submission (2Sa 8:2; Hos 10:6)

מְנֻחָה (menǔ·ḥā(h)) BDB: see 4957

4967 מְנֻחוֹת (menǔ·ḥôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4496; TWOT 1323f—LN 93-pers. (gent.) (ASV, RSV, NRSV, NKJV, Tanakh) Menuhoth: an unknown people (1Ch 2:52+), note: most versions, see 4971

4968 מְנַחֵם (menǎ·ḥēm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4505;—LN 93-pers. (male) Menahem: king of the divided northern kingdom, Israel (2Ki 15:14–23 passim+)

4969 I. מָנַחַת (mā·nǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4506;—LN 93-pers. (male) Manahath: of Esau by Seir the Horite (Ge 36:23; 1Ch 1:40+)

4970 II. מָנַחַת (mā·nǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4506;—LN 93-place (loc.) Manahath: town in Edom, possibly identified as (1Ch 8:6+), note: some say town in Judah

4971 מָנַחְתִּי (mā·nǎḥ·tî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2679, 2680;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Manahathite (NASB, NIV, NAB, NJB, Tanakh verse 54), Manahethite (KJV, NKJV, NEB, REB): pertaining to Manahath of Caleb (1Ch 6:52, 54+), note: it is not clear which Manahath is being referenced; note: for MT text in 1Ch 2:52, see 4967

4972 מְנִי (menî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4507; TWOT 1213e—LN 12.23 (pagan god) (most versions) Destiny: (NKJV, NJB)Meni; (NEB) Fortune, i.e., a Semitic pagan god of good fortune, (Isa 65:11+), note: KJV translates as a common noun, “number,” see 4948-4950

4973 I. מִנִּי (min·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4508;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Minni: people from the area in the mountain region NE of Mesopotamia (Jer 51:27+), note: some sources as n.pr.loc.

4974 II. מִנִּי (min·nî): prep.; ≡ Str 4480; TWOT 1212—1. LN 84.1–84.15 from, away from, i.e., a marker of an extension from a source (Job 14:11; 31:7); 2. LN 64 than, from, i.e., a marker of comparison or contrast (Job 7:6); 3. LN 67.118–67.135 since, from, i.e., a marker of an extent of time from a point in the past (Job 20:4; Isa 46:3); 4. LN 90.8–90.13 by means, from, i.e., a marker of instrument of an occurring event (Job 6:16); 5. LN 63.13–63.20 part of, some, from, i.e., a marker of a fractional part of a whole unit of an object or event (Job 9:3; 33:23); 6. LN 90.14–90.16 from, by, with, i.e., a marker of a source of an event or activity (Job 16:16; 30:30), see also LN 90.1–90.7; 7. LN 83.33–83.41 before, i.e., a spatial position in front of an object or space (Ps 44:11[EB 10]); 8. LN 89.15–89.38 because of, from, i.e., a marker of a reason or cause of an event (Ps 88:10[EB 9]), note: see also 4946

מִנִּי (min·nî) BDB: see 4944 (Ps 45:9[EB 8])

מִנֵּי (min·nê): see 4974 (Isa 30:11+)

מְנָיוֹת (menāy·wōṯ): see 4987 (Ne 12:47; 13:10+)

מִנִּים (min·nîm): see 4944 (Ps 150:4+)

4975 מִנְיָמִין (min·yā·mîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4509;—LN 93-pers. (male) Miniamin: 1. Levite in the days of King Hezekiah (2Ch 31:15+) 2. priestly head in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 12:17+) 3. another priest playing the trumpet (Ne 12:41+), note: some put 2 and 3 together

מִנְיָמִן (min·yā·min): n.pr.—see 4975 (2Ch 31:15+)

4976 I. מִנִּית (min·nîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4511;—LN 93-place (loc.) Minnith: an Ammonite city E of the Jordan (Jdg 11:33; Eze 27:17+), note: for another interpretation in Eze., see 4977

4977 II. מִנִּית (min·nîṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 4511;—LN 3.33–3.46 rice, i.e., grains of rice from the cereal plant (Eze 27:17+), note: for another interpretation, see 4976

4978 מִנְלֶה (min·lě(h)): n.fem. [BDB: n.masc.?]; ≡ Str 4512; TWOT 1370a—LN 57.1–57.21 possession, acquisition, i.e., objects and property which a person owns, with a focus on the value as wealth (Job 15:29+)

מִנְלָם (min·lām) BDB: see 4978 + 4392

מְנֻסָה (menǔ·sā(h)) BDB: see 4961 (Lev 26:36)

מנע (mnʿ): see 4979

4979 מָנַע (mā·nǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 4513; TWOT 1216—LN 57.37–57.48 (qal) keep from, withhold, deny, refuse, deprive, i.e., cause someone not to possess an object or state (Ge 30:2; Nu 24:11; 1Sa 25:26, 34; 2Sa 13:13; 1Ki 20:7; Ne 9:20; Job 20:13; 22:7; 31:16; Ps 21:3[EB 2]; 84:12[EB 11]; Pr 1:15; 3:27; 11:26; 23:13; 30:7; Ecc 2:10; Jer 2:25; 5:25; 31:16; 42:4; 48:10; Eze 31:15; Am 4:7+); (nif) be kept from, be withheld, be denied (Nu 22:16; Job 38:15; Jer 3:3; Joel 1:13+)

4980 מַנְעוּל (mǎn·ʿûl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4514; TWOT 1383c—LN 6.14–6.22 bolt, i.e., a wood or metal bar or rod as part of a lock of a door or gate, which moves to lock or unlock a door or gate (Ne 3:3, 6, 13, 14, 15; SS 5:5+)

4981 מִנְעָל (min·ʿāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4515; TWOT 1383d—LN 6.14–6.22 bolt, i.e., a wood or metal bar or rod as part of a lock of a door or gate, which moves to lock or unlock a door or gate (Dt 33:25+)

4982 מַנְעַמִּים (mǎn·ʿǎm·mîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 4516; TWOT 1384d—LN 5.1–5.22 delicacies, i.e., food which is considered very fine and luxurious, the eating of these implying indulgence as well as participation (Ps 141:4+)

4983 מְנַעַנְעִים (menǎ·ʿǎn·ʿîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4517; TWOT 1328a—LN 6.83–6.95 sistrum, i.e., a percussion instrument similar to a tambourine, without a drum head, which was then shaken (2Sa 6:5+), note: some question the exact identification of this instrument

מְנַעֲנֵעַ (menǎ·ʿǎnēaʿ) BDB: see 4983

מְנַצֵּחַ (menǎṣ·ṣēaḥ): n.masc. [oth piel ptcp.masc.sing. of 5904]; ≡ Str 4517; TWOT 1328a—1. LN 6.83–6.95 director of music, i.e., a person in charge of the production and performance of musical (Ps 4:1[EB title]), note: found in the title of many Psalms; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 supervisor, foreman, i.e., a person in charge of a crew of workers (2Ch 2:1, 17; 34:13)

מְנַקִּיָּה (menǎq·qiy·yā(h)) BDB: see 4984

4984 מְנַקִּית (menǎq·qîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4518; TWOT 1412d—LN 6.118–6.151 libation bowl, i.e., a container used for drink offering presentations (Ex 25:29; 37:16; Nu 4:7; Jer 52:19+)

מֵנֶקֶת (mē·ně·qěṯ): see 4787 (Ge 24:59+)

מְנֹרָה (menō·rā(h)) Holladay, BDB: see 4963

4985 מְנַשֶּׁה (menǎš·šě(h)): n.pr. [see also 4985.5]; ≡ Str 4519; TWOT 1217—1. LN 93-pers. (male) Manasseh: 1. son of Joseph, head of one of the tribes of Israel (Ge 41:51), see also 4986 2. king of Judah (2Ki 21:11) 3. grandfather of Jonathan (Jdg 18:30), note: for NIV text, see 5407 4. son of Husham (Ezr 10:33) 5. son of Pahath-Moab (Ezr 10:30); 2. LN 93-pers. (tribe) people pertaining to Manasseh 1 (Nu 1:35), note: half-tribe of Manasseh refers to the Manassasites that lived in their territory E of the Jordan, approx. 1/2 the territory allotted to them (Nu 32:33; 1Ch 6:46[EB 61])

מְנַשֶּׁה (menǎš·šě(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4519; TWOT 1217—LN 93-place (loc.) territory in the land of Israel, assigned to Manasseh’s progeny (Dt 34:2; Eze 48:5), see also 4985

4986 מְנַשִּׁי (menǎš·šî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4520;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Manassite: pertaining to Manasseh 1 (Dt 4:43; 29:7[EB 8]; 2Ki 10:33; 1Ch 26:32+)

4987 מְנָת (menāṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4521; TWOT 1213d—1. LN 63.9–63.12 portion, lot, i.e., an assigned share of something, in contrast to a whole (2Ch 31:4; Ne 12:44, 47; 13:10+); 2. LN 57.71–57.124 gift, i.e., something given as a contribution to someone or some event (2Ch 31:3+); 3. LN 5.1–5.22 food, formally, portion, i.e., what is eaten at a meal (Ps 63:11[EB 10]+); 4. LN 30.86–30.107 fate, lot, i.e., what is a decision or decree of God, implying a choice (Ps 16:5; Jer 13:25+); 5. LN 30.86–30.107 unit: מְנָת כּוֹס (menāṯ kôs)1 fate, formally, cup of a portion, i.e., what is a decision or decree of God, implying a choice (Ps 11:6+)

מַס (mǎs) BDB: see 4988

4988 מָס (mās): n.masc. [BDB: adj.]; ≡ Str 4523; TWOT 1223a—LN 30.1–30.38 madman, i.e., who acts insane and thinks irrationally, possibly with the inference that one is possessed by evil spirits (Job 6:14+), see also domain LN 12.41, note: some sources have “despairing;” (KJV, NKJV, ASV) afflicted, faint; for different text, see BHS ftn (4202 + 4415), and also other cj are made by some versions; note: sources give several other possible meanings in the context

4989 מַס (mǎs): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4522; TWOT 1218—1. LN 42.41–42.50 forced labor, corv‚e, i.e., unpaid labor from a vassal to a lord (2Sa 20:24); 2. LN 37.1–37.32 forced laborer, i.e., a class of vassal-worker who must work for the government in a forced condition, and so under the control of that government (1Ki 5:27[EB 13]); 3. LN 57.178–57.185 tribute, i.e., a forced payment of a submissive nation to a superior nation (Est 10:1); 4. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: שַׂר מַס (śǎr mǎs) labor overseer, formally, officer of forced laborers, i.e., one in a position of authority over laborers (Ex 1:11)

4990 מֵסַב (mē·sǎḇ): adv. [see also 4990.5]; ≡ Str 4524; TWOT 1456c—LN 83.18–83.22 around, round about, surrounding, i.e., pertaining to a position completely encircling an area (1Ki 6:29; Ps 140:10[EB 9]+), see also 4991

מֵסַב (mē·sǎḇ): n.[masc.] [served by 4990]; ≡ Str 4524; TWOT 1456c—1. LN 6.106–6.117 round table, i.e., a piece of furniture (SS 1:12+), note: oth couch or divan, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 51 circle of feasters, i.e., a group of persons in a circle eating and celebrating a feast (SS 1:12+); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 environs, neighborhoods, vicinity, i.e., an area of land around Jerusalem (2Ki 23:5+), see also domain LN 1.60–1.68

4991 מְסִבָּה (mesib·bā(h)): adv. [BDB: n.fem.pl. ]; ≡ Str 4524; TWOT 1456c—LN 83.18–83.22 around, round about, i.e., pertaining to a position or series of positions around an area, but not necessarily encirclement (Job 37:12+), see also 4990

4992 מִסָּבִיב (mis·sā·ḇîḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4036;—LN 93-pers. (male) Missabib: part of a compound name, Magor-Missabib, see 4474

4993 I. מַסְגֵּר (mǎs·gēr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4525; TWOT 1462c—LN 7.2–7.25 prison, dungeon, i.e., a construction which imprisons people, possibly below ground (Ps 142:8[EB 7]; Isa 24:22; 42:7+)

4994 II. מַסְגֵּר (mǎs·gēr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4525; TWOT 1462c—LN 45 artisan, tradesman, i.e., one trained in a specialized skill as a craftsman (2Ki 24:14, 16; Jer 24:1; 29:2+), note: using ety. arguments, (BDB) locksmith; (KB) builder of trenches; (Holladay) metal-worker, fitter; note: to this editor, this is a synonym of חָרָשׁ (ḥā·rāš), craftsman

4995 מִסְגֶּרֶת (mis·gě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4526; TWOT 1462d—1. LN 7.77–7.79 side panels, i.e., a building material placed vertically to strengthen a construction (1Ki 7:28,29, 31, 32, 35, 36; 2Ki 16:17+); 2. LN 6.106–6.117 rim, i.e., an out curved or circular border or edge on a piece of furniture or construction (Ex 25:25,27; 37:12,14+); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 stronghold, fortress, den, i.e., an inaccessible, secure place possibly up high in rim-rock where one may dwell or reside (2Sa 22:46; Ps 18:46[EB 45]; Mic 7:17+)

4996 מַסַּד (mǎs·sǎḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4527; TWOT 875g—LN 7.26–7.53 foundation, i.e., the base of a building (1Ki 7:9+)

4997 מִסְדְּרוֹן (mis·derôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4528; TWOT 1467c—1. LN 7.26–7.53 (most versions) porch, vestibule, hall, i.e., an open courtyard area (Jdg 3:23+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 7.26–7.53 (NJB) privy, latrine, i.e., a room of a house for relieving oneself, as a private area (Jdg 3:23+); 3. LN 7.26–7.53 (Holladay) airhole, window, i.e., an open space in an outer wall that one can crawl out of, as a private area (Jdg 3:23+)

4998 מָסָה (mā·sā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 4529; TWOT 1219—1. LN 25.251–25.269 (hif) be very afraid, formally, melt or dissolve, i.e., be in a state of great alarm or terror (Jos 14:8+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (hif) consume, dissipate, i.e., to destroy a fortune as a figurative extension of a consumption of food (Ps 39:12[EB 11]+); 3. LN 79.78–79.83 (hif) drench with liquid, i.e., make an object wet (Ps 6:7[EB 6]+), note: in context soak a piece of furniture with tears; 4. LN 79.7–79.8 (hif) melt, i.e., have a frozen object become warmer and so take the property of a liquid instead of a solid (Ps 147:18+)

4999 I. מַסָּה (mǎs·sā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4531; TWOT 1223b—LN 27.34–27.47 trial, test, i.e., that which is a proving or examination with a focus of getting a response, possibly implying a hardship in the process (Dt 4:34; 7:19; 29:2[EB 3]+), note: some translate “temptation,” with more focus on enticing to failure

5000 II. מַסָּה (mǎs·sā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4531; TWOT 1223b—LN 25.223–25.250 despair, i.e., a state of hopelessness and distress (Job 9:23+)

5001 III. מַסָּה (mǎs·sā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4532;—LN 93-place (loc.) Massah: site in Horeb where Moses drew water from a rock (Ex 17:7; Dt 6:16; 9:22; 33:8; Ps 95:8+), see also 5313

5002 מִסָּה (mis·sā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4530; TWOT 1225—1. LN 63.13–63.20 measure, i.e., a proportion of a part to a whole thing as a ratio (Dt 16:10+); 2. LN 59.1–59.10 unit: מִסָּה (mis·sā(h)) … יָד (yāḏ) as many as, formally, measure of the hand, i.e., pertaining to a proportional comparative quantity (Dt 16:10+)

5003 מַסְוֶה (mǎs·wě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4533; TWOT 1472b—LN 6.152–6.187 veil, i.e., a cloth covering which covers the face (Ex 34:33, 34, 35+)

5004 מְסוּכָה (mesû·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4534; TWOT 1475a—LN 7.59–7.62 thorn hedge, i.e., a fence made by dense shrubs or trees, with a focus on the obstruction that this wall makes (Mic 7:4+), see also 5372

5005 מַסָּח (mǎs·sāḥ): adv. [Davidson: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 4535; TWOT 1374a—LN 61 alternately, in rotation of turn, i.e., pertaining to occurring or succeeding in turns (2Ki 11:6+), note: sources state that this meaning is questioned, and is lacking in the LXX

5006 מִסְחַר (mis·ḥǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4536; TWOT 1486d—LN 57.189–57.208 (most versions) trader, i.e., a group of traveling merchants (1Ki 10:15+), note: NIV?, NEB, REB, NJB, repoints and reads as “profits, revenue, toll,” see 4946 + 6087

מִסְחָר (mis·ḥār) BDB: see 5006

מסךְ (msk): see 5007

5007 מָסַךְ (mā·sǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 4537; TWOT 1220—1. LN 63.9–63.12 (qal) mingle, mix, i.e., combine two substances (Ps 102:10[EB 9]; Pr 9:2, 5; Isa 5:22+); 2. LN 90.51–90.55 cause, formally, pour out, i.e., make something come about as a figurative extension of the act. of pouring liquid into a person (Isa 19:14+), note: as a focus on the experience, see also domain LN 90.85–90.97

5008 מֶסֶךְ (mě·sěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4538; TWOT 1220a—LN 63.9–63.12 mixture, i.e., the act., process or instance of mixing (Ps 75:9[EB 8]+), note: in context, the mixture of spices with wine

5009 מָסָךְ (mā·sāḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4539; TWOT 1492a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 curtain, drapery, screen, i.e., a vertical divider between two areas (Ex 26:36–40:33 passim; Nu 3:25, 26, 31; 4:5, 25, 26+), note: made of organic material such as cloth, hair, or leather; 2. LN 79.114–79.117 covering, i.e., a casing which covers and so provides hiding or protection from the elements (2Sa 17:19; Ps 105:39+); 3. LN 21.17–21.24 defenses, formally, covering, i.e., defensive fortification constructions that protect or shield inhabitants from invaders (Isa 22:8+), see also domain LN 7.59–7.62

5010 מְסֻכָה (mesǔ·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4540; TWOT 1492a—LN 49 adornment, i.e., the act. of covering the body with beautiful things (Eze 28:13+)

5011 I. מַסֵּכָה (mǎs·sē·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4541; TWOT 1375c, 1376a—1. LN 6.96–6.101 molten idol, metal image, i.e., a cast metal representation of a pagan god (1Ki 14:9); 2. LN 53.16–53.27 libation, drink offering, i.e., a valuable or sacred liquid presented to deity as an offering (Isa 30:1), note: for another interp in Isa 30:1, see 5013; note: for more translation options, see WBC24:392

5012 II. מַסֵּכָה (mǎs·sē·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4541; TWOT 1375c—LN 6.152–6.187 covering, blanket, heavy sheet, i.e., a woven product that covers something (Isa 25:7; 28:20+), note: a covering can either protect what it covers or inhibit or hide what it covers

5013 III. מַסֵּכָה (mǎs·sē·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4541; TWOT 1375c—LN 34.1–34.21 alliance, i.e., an association between two parties, often between political governments (Isa 30:1+), for another interp, see 5011

5014 מִסְכֵּן (mis·kēn): adj.; ≡ Str 4542; TWOT 1221—LN 57.49–57.54 poor, needy, i.e., pertaining to being a state of poverty as relates to the necessities of life, implying a low status (Ecc 4:13; 9:15+), cf. also 5017

מִסְכֵּן (mis·kēn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4542; TWOT 1221—LN 57.49–57.54 poor man, i.e., one who is of the class of poverty in relation to the necessities of life (Ecc 9:16+)

5015 מְסֻכָּן (mesǔk·kān): n.masc. [KB, BDB: pual ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 5533; TWOT 1495, 1496—LN 3.2–3.12 a kind of tree (Isa 40:20 cj+) note: some suggest mulberry tree; sources offer many suggestions, see BHS ftn, also WBC25:87; note: for another interp, see 6123

5016 מִסְכְּנוֹת (mis·kenôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4543; TWOT 1494a—1. LN 7.2–7.25 storage building, warehouse places, i.e., a construction for storing grain or other valuables (2Ch 32:28+); 2. LN 1.88–1.94 unit: עִיר מִסְכְּנוֹת (ʿîr mis·kenôṯ) store city, i.e., a population center replete with storage buildings and faculties for grain and other provision storage (Ex 1:11; 1Ki 9:19; 2Ch 8:4, 6; 16:4; 17:12+)

5017 מִסְכֵּנֻת (mis·kē·nǔṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4544; TWOT 1222—LN 59.48–59.61 scarcity, sparseness, i.e., not have provisions in abundance (Dt 8:9+), cf. also 5014

5018 מַסֶּכֶת (mǎs·sě·ḵěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4545; TWOT 1376b—LN 6.152–6.187 warp-threads, i.e., the length-wise threads of a loom fabric (Jdg 16:13, 14+), note: NIV text adds a second reference in Jdg 16:13, based on ancient versions, see BHS ftn

5019 מְסִלָּה (mesil·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4546; TWOT 1506d—1. LN 1.99–1.105 main road, highway, i.e., an open-country thoroughfare used much, that is relatively wide and maintained (Nu 20:19); 2. LN 7.26–7.53 raised structure, i.e., an unknown raised construction made of wood which has many differing translations (2Ch 9:11+) (NASB, RSV, NRSV, NJB, NIV) steps, (NAB) stairs (Tanakh) ramps; (NEB, REB) stands; (NKJV) walkways; (WBC) gateway; (KJV) terraces, see also 5026; 3. LN 41.1–41.24 conduct in life, formally, highway, i.e., the way one lives life as a figurative extension of traveling down a highway (Pr 16:17; Isa 59:7); 4. LN 1.26–1.33 star course, i.e., a normal path which is routinely followed, as pertaining to a heavenly body (Jdg 5:20); 5. LN 15.101–15.106 pilgrimage, religious trek, formally, highway, i.e., the act. of religious, often processional, travel to a holy place or site (Ps 84:6[EB 5])

5020 מַסְלוּל (mǎs·lûl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4547; TWOT 1506d—LN 1.99–1.105 main road, highway, i.e., an open-country thoroughfare used much, that is relatively wide and maintained (Isa 35:8+)

5021 מַסְמֵר (mǎs·mēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4548; TWOT 1518b—LN 6.14–6.22 nail, i.e., a metal fastener with a point on one end and a head to hammer on the other, used to fasten boards in construction or an object to a platform (1Ch 22:3; 2Ch 3:9; Isa 41:7; Jer 10:4+), see also 5383

מַסְמְרוֹת (mǎs·merôṯ): see 5021

מַסְמְרִים (mǎs·merîm) BDB: see 5021

מסס (mss): see 5022

5022 מָסַס (mā·sǎs): v.; ≡ Str 4549; TWOT 1223—1. LN 79.7–79.8 (nif) melted, i.e., pertaining to a solid becoming liquid (Ps 68:3[EB 2]; 97:5; Isa 34:3; Mic 1:4+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) waste away, i.e., be in a unhealthy state with a focus on the body losing weight (Isa 10:18+); (nif) weak, unhealthy (1Sa 15:9; Ps 112:10+); 3. LN 25.288–25.296 (nif) disheartened, formally, melted, i.e., be in a state of discouragement or anxiety, with a focus that one cannot resist, as an extension of an object melting or dissolving away (Dt 20:8; Jos 2:11; 5:1; 7:5; 2Sa 17:10; Ps 22:15[EB 14]; Isa 13:7; 19:1; Eze 21:12[EB 7]; Na 2:11[EB 10]+); (hif) lose courage, (Dt 1:28+); 4. LN 13.69–13.103 (nif) be melted, be dissolved, i.e., be in a state of non-existence to the visible eye (Ex 16:21+); 5. LN 15.118–15.122 (nif) drop off, formally, melted, i.e., make a falling motion, with a focus that the object offers no resistance to force exerted (Jdg 15:14+)

5023 מַסַּע (mǎs·sǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4550; TWOT 1380a—1. LN 15.18–15.26 journey, i.e., linear movement traveling from place to place, conceived of in stages to a destination (Ge 13:3; Ex 17:1; 40:36, 38; Nu 10:12; 33:1, 2; Dt 10:11+); 2. LN 15.18–15.26 breaking camp, set out, i.e., preparation, or the very beginning motions of a nomad people to travel in an orderly manner (Nu 10:2, 6, 28+)

5024 I. מַסָּע (mǎs·sāʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4551; TWOT 1380b, 1381a—LN 1.51–1.59 quarry, i.e., an open excavation place where rock as a building material is broken and prepared for construction (1Ki 6:7+)

5025 II. מַסָּע (mǎs·sāʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4551; TWOT 1380b—LN 6.29–6.40 light spear, dart, missile, i.e., weapon which is thrown similar to a javelin or spear (Job 41:18[EB 26]+)

5026 מִסְעָד (mis·ʿāḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4552; TWOT 1525a—LN 7.26–7.53 raised structure, i.e., an unknown raised construction made of wood which has many differing translations (1Ki 10:12+), note: NASB, NIV, RSV, NRSV, NAB, NJB, “supports;” NKJV, “steps;” ASV, KJV, “pillars;” NEB, REB, “stools;” Tanakh, “decorations;” see also 5019

5027 מִסְפֵּד (mis·pēḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4553; TWOT 1530a—LN 25.135–25.145 wailing, howling, i.e., a loud shrieking sound as a sign of mourning (Ge 50:10; Est 4:3; Ps 30:12[EB 11]; Isa 22:12; Jer 6:26; 48:38; Eze 27:31; Joel 2:12; Am 5:16,17; Mic 1:8, 11; Zec 12:10, 11+), see also domain LN 52

5028 מִסְפּוֹא (mis·pô(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4554; TWOT 1529a—LN 5.1–5.22 fodder, i.e., animal feed from vegetable matter for large ruminate mammals (Ge 24:25, 32; 42:27; 43:24; Jdg 19:19+)

5029 מִסְפָּחָה (mis·pā·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4555; TWOT 1534c—LN 6.152–6.187 (pl.) veils, head coverings, head and body shawl, i.e., an ornamental covering for a woman to cover the face and even entire form of a woman in public (Eze 13:18, 21+)

מִסְפָּחוֹת (mis·pā·ḥôṯ) Lisowsky: see 5029

5030 מִסְפַּחַת (mis·pǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4556; TWOT 1534b—LN 23.142–23.184 epidermal eruption, skin rash, i.e., a skin condition or infection outbreak (Lev 13:6, 7, 8+)

5031 I. מִסְפָּר (mis·pār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4557; TWOT 1540e—1. LN 60.1–60.9 number, i.e., quantity or amount of something or a measurement of time (Ge 34:30; Lev 25:15); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 inventory, census, written count, i.e., a written listing of the number of something or group of persons (Nu 1:2); 3. LN 33.189–33.217 report, i.e., the retelling of a story or event (Jdg 7:15), note: for NIV text in 1Ch 27:24, see 6219; 4. LN 89.90–89.91 unit: לְ־ מִסְפָּר (l- mis·pār)1 each, formally, according to a number, i.e., a marker of distributive relation (Jdg 21:23); 5. LN 60.1–60.9 unit: אַיִן מִסְפָּר (ʾǎ·yin mis·pār)1 countless, innumerable, i.e., that which is descriptive as a quantity (Ge 41:49); 6. LN 60.1–60.9 unit: כֹּל (kōl) … לְ־ מִסְפָּר (l- mis·pār) 1 total, formally, all according to the number, i.e., the sum or total of a quantity number (2Ch 35:7); 7. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: מִסְפָּר קֶשֶׁת (mis·pār qě·šěṯ) bowman, formally, number of the bow, i.e., a soldier that uses the bow as his primary weapon (Isa 21:17)

5032 II. מִסְפָּר (mis·pār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4558;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mispar: returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:2+), see also 5033

5033 מִסְפֶּרֶת (mis·pě·rěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4559;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mispereth: returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 7:7+), see also 5032

מסר (msr): see 5034

5034 מָסַר (mā·sǎr): v.; ≡ Str 4560; TWOT 1224—1. LN 34.40–34.41 (qal) be in apostasy, i.e., no longer be in, or limit an association (Nu 31:16+); 2. LN 33.323–33.332 (nif) assigned, i.e., pertaining to receiving an instruction (Nu 31:5+), note: NIV translates “were supplied”, note: some sources say the meaning is unclear

מֹסָר (mō·sār): see 4592 (Job 33:16+)

5035 מֹסֵרוֹת (mō·sē·rôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4149;—LN 93-place (loc.) Moseroth: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:30, 31+), see also 4594

5036 מֹסָרָם (mō·sā·rām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4561; TWOT 877b—see 4592 (Job 33:16+), see BHS ftn

5037 מָסֹרֶת (mā·sō·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4562; TWOT 141e—LN 71.34–71.40 bond, obligation, i.e., something that is considered a duty in an agreement, what must be done (Eze 20:37+)

5038 מִסַּת (mis·sǎṯ): n.fem.—see 5002 (Dt 16:10+)

5039 מִסְתּוֹר (mis·tôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4563; TWOT 1551c—LN 85.67–85.85 hiding place, i.e., a place of shelter or refuge from the elements such as a cave or booth (Isa 4:6+), see also domain LN 21.9–21.13

5040 מַסְתֵּר (mǎs·tēr): n.[masc.] [oth hif ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 4564; TWOT 1551e—LN 16 act. of hiding, i.e., to turn or possibly hide one’s eyes or face from an object, as a non-linear motion (Isa 53:3+)

5041 מִסְתָּר (mis·tār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4565; TWOT 1551d—LN 85.67–85.85 hiding place, i.e., a location where one may dwell for an undetermined length of time, with a central feature on not being commonly or easily seen (Ps 10:8, 9; 17:12; 64:5[EB 4]; Isa 45:3; Jer 13:17; 23:24; 49:10; La 3:10; Hab 3:14+), note: used as a place to hide aggressors or victims or hiding of things

5042 מַעֲבָד (mǎ·ʿǎḇāḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4566; TWOT 1553f—LN 42.7–42.28 (pl.) deeds, actions, i.e., a particular activity that requires effort, as something that is done (Job 34:25+)

מַעְבָּד (mǎʿ·bāḏ) Lisowsky: see 5042

5043 מַעֲבֶה (mǎ·ʿǎḇě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4568; TWOT 1554b—LN 6.118–6.151 casting-mold, i.e., a matrix for holding and casting molten metal (1Ki 7:46+), note: BDB, change text to 5045

5044 מַעֲבָר (mǎ·ʿǎḇār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4569; TWOT 1556h—1. LN 1.69–1.78 ford, i.e., a shallow place in a body of water, so used as a crossing place (Ge 32:23[EB 22]+); 2. LN 1.39–1.45 pass., i.e., a geographical formation that is a means to crossing between two areas (1Sa 13:23+); 3. LN 19.1–19.13 stroke, blow, i.e., an instance of hitting of a person with a hand or object (Isa 30:32+)

5045 מַעְבָּרָה (mǎʿ·bā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4569; TWOT 1556h—1. LN 1.69–1.78 ford, i.e., a shallow place in a body of water, so used as a crossing place (Jos 2:7; Jdg 3:28; 12:5, 6; Isa 16:2; Jer 51:32+); 2. LN 1.39–1.45 pass., i.e., a geographical formation that is a means to crossing between two areas (1Sa 14:4; Isa 10:29+)

5046 I. מַעְגָּל (mǎʿ·gāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4570; TWOT 1560f—LN 1.88–1.94 encampment, i.e., a camp in a circle configuration for military defense, as a temporary population center (1Sa 17:20; 26:5, 7+)

5047 II. מַעְגָּל (mǎʿ·gāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4570; TWOT 1560f—1. LN 33.224–33.250 direction in life, teaching, formally, rutted path, i.e., verbal teaching as a figurative extension of a well-worn path (Ps 17:5; 23:3; Pr 2:9; 4:11+); 2. LN 41.1–41.24 life, course of life, formally, path, i.e., the way one conducts oneself in life as a figurative extension of a well-worn path (Ps 140:6[EB 5]; Pr 2:15, 18; 4:26; 5:6, 21; Isa 26:7; 59:8+); 3. LN 1.51–1.59 path ruts, wheel tracks, i.e., grooves in a dirt path as a condition of being often used by carts (Ps 65:12[EB 11]+), note: the picture is one of so much being on a cart it spills off onto the ground into the wheel tracks

מַעְגָּלָה (mǎʿ·gā·lā(h)): see 5046 + 2025

מעד (mʿd): see 5048

5048 מָעַד (mā·ʿǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 4154, 4571, 5976; TWOT 1637—LN 16 (qal) slip, waver, wobble, turn, wrench, i.e., a non-linear random motion of the body out of control, which will often result in a fall (2Sa 22:37; Job 12:5; Ps 18:37[EB 36]; 26:1; 37:31+), note: this can refer to a faithful lifestyle, see also domain LN 31.82–31.101; (pual) lame, wobbly (Pr 25:19+); (hif) cause to wobble, bend, wrench one’s back (Ps 69:24[EB 23]+), note: for MT text in Eze 29:7, see 6641

מֹעֵד (mō·ʿēḏ) BDB: see 4595

מַעְדַּי (mǎʿ·dǎy) BDB: see 5049

5049 מַעֲדַי (mǎ·ʿǎḏǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4572;—LN 93-pers. (male) Maadai: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:34+)

5050 מַעַדְיָה (mǎ·ʿǎḏ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4573;—LN 93-pers. (male) Maadiah (Moadiah NIV): priestly family head with Zerubbabel from captivity (Ne 12:5+), see also 4598

5051 מַעֲדַנּוֹת (mǎ·ʿǎḏǎn·nôṯ): n.[fem.] pl. [see also 5051.5]; ≡ Str 4575; TWOT 1649a—LN 6.14–6.22 bands, fetters, chains, i.e., that which binds (Job 38:31+), note: NIV translates “beautiful” apparently following traditions of the KJV and others, see also NIV ftn

מַעֲדַנּוֹת (mǎ·ʿǎḏǎn·nôṯ): adv. [see also 5051]; ≡ Str 4575; TWOT 1649a—LN 25.156–25.166 confidently, pertaining to a manner of walking which exudes boldness or calmness (1Sa 15:32+), note: some translate “reluctantly;” NIV ftn “trembling”

מַעֲדָן (mǎ·ʿǎḏān) BDB: see 5052

5052 מַעֲדַנִּים (mǎ·ʿǎḏǎn·nîm): n.[masc.] (pl.); ≡ Str 4574; TWOT 1567d—1. LN 5.1–5.22 delicacies, i.e., a fine quality, delicious food (Ge 49:20; La 4:5+); 2. LN 25.102–25.115 joys, delights, i.e., that which brings pleasure and enjoyment (Pr 29:17+)

מַעֲדַנֹּת (mǎ·ʿǎḏǎn·nōṯ) Lisowsky: see 5051

5053 מַעְדֵּר (mǎʿ·dēr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4576; TWOT 1571a—LN 6.4–6.9 hoe, dirt hewing instrument, i.e., a farming implement with a handle and thin blade, to loosen dirt around plants (Isa 7:25+)

5054 מָעָה (mā·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4579; TWOT 1227b—LN 63.13–63.20 grain, particle, i.e., a very small piece of something (Isa 48:19+), note: in context a grain of sand

5055 מֵעֶה (mē·ʿě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4578; TWOT 1227a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 viscera, internal organs, i.e., any of the physical central organs of the body male or female, human or animal, including the stomach, bowel, heart, intestine, genitals, etc. (Ge 25:23; 2Sa 7:12; 20:10; SS 5:4); note: in Isa 48:1 for MT text, see 4784; 2. LN 26 heart, i.e., that psychological faculty of the inner person, a part of the person that can respond to God (Ps 40:9[EB 8]); 3. LN 25.223–25.250 anguish, mental suffering, i.e., to be anxious or worried in an apprehensive state, as the figurative extension of the internal organs (Jer 4:19); 4. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: יָצִיא מֵעֶה (yā·ṣî(ʾ) mē·ʿě(h)) offspring, formally, issue of the loins, i.e., kin of a successive generation (2Ch 32:21); 5. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: צֶאֱצָאִים מֵעֶה (ṣě·ʾěṣā·ʾîm mē·ʿě(h)) offspring, formally, offspring of the loins, i.e., kin of a successive generation (Isa 48:19); 6. LN 25.33–25.58 unit: הָמוֹן מֵעֶה (hā·môn mē·ʿě(h)) tenderness, compassion, formally, commotion of the loins, i.e., love and affection as a desire and yearning of the heart (Isa 63:15)

5056 מָעוֹג (mā·ʿôḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4580; TWOT 1575b—1. LN 5.1–5.22 bread-cake, i.e., a simple, flat, round cake of flour baked on hot stones or even the ash of an open fire (1Ki 17:12+), note: some translate as a less specific food “provision, (food) supply”; 2. LN 32.42–32.61 unit: לָעַג מָעוֹג (lā·ʿǎḡ mā·ʿôḡ) buffoons, jokers, fools, formally, mockers of the feast, i.e., a person with no understanding, and morally repugnant (Ps 35:16+), note: for NIV text in Ps 35:16, see 4352; note: see also BHS ftn, WBC19:285 for other text options; note: possibly translate MT as “with the godless buffoons, they gnashed their teeth”

5057 מָעוֹז (mā·ʿôz): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4581; TWOT 1578a—1. LN 21.9–21.13 protection, formally, place of refuge, i.e., the means of being safe in a situation of danger as a figurative extension of a fortress (Ne 8:10; Ps 27:1; 28:8; 31:3[EB 2],5[EB 4]; 37:39; 43:2; 52:9[EB 7]); 2. LN 7.2–7.25 refuge, stronghold, fortress, place of protection (Isa 17:9); 3. LN 1.46–1.50 height, i.e., an elevated area of ground (Jdg 6:26); 4. LN 6.29–6.40 unit: מָעוֹז רֹאשׁ (mā·ʿôz rō(ʾ)š)1 helmet, formally, head of protection, i.e., an armor piece to protect the head (Ps 60:9[EB 7]; 108:9[EB 8]+), note: for NIV text in 2Sa 22:33, see 273

5058 מָעוֹזֶן (mā·ʿô·zěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4581; TWOT 1578a—LN 7.2–7.25 fortress, refuge, i.e., a construction, usually remote and high, which is used as a place of protection from attack (Isa 23:11+)

5059 מָעוֹךְ (mā·ʿôḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4582;—LN 93-pers. (male) Maoch: father of Achish, king of Gath (1Sa 27:2+)

מְעוֹלֵל (meʿô·lēl): n.masc. [oth poel ptcp.masc.sing. of 6620]; ≡ Str 4582;—LN 9.41–9.45 youth, i.e., a person relatively young, with the associative meaning of lower status than an older, fully adult male (Isa 3:12+)

5060 I. מָעוֹן (mā·ʿôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4583; TWOT 1581a—LN 35.31–35.35 help, i.e., an act. of support and provision, implying care and concern for an object (Ps 90:1+), for another interp, see 5061

5061 II. מָעוֹן (mā·ʿôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4583; TWOT 1581a—1. LN 85.67–85.85 dwelling place, abode, i.e., a place where one lives (Dt 26:15; 1Sa 2:29, 32; 2Ch 30:27; 36:15; Ps 26:8; 68:6[EB 5]; 90:1; 91:9; Jer 25:30; Zep 3:7; Zec 2:17[EB 13]+); 2. LN 21.14–21.16 refuge, i.e., a place one abides, with a focus on it being a safe place from danger (Ps 71:3+); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 animal den, lair, i.e., a place animals dwell (Jer 9:10[EB 11]; 10:22; 49:33; 51:37; Na 2:12[EB 11]+), note: for another interp in Ps 90:1, see 5060

5062 III. מָעוֹן (mā·ʿôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4584;—LN 93-pers. 1. (male) Maon: of Caleb (1Ch 2:45+) 2. (gent.) Maonite: pertaining to Maon (Jdg 10:12+), note: to what or whom this people is related to is currently unknown

5063 IV. מָעוֹן (mā·ʿôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4584;—LN 93-place (loc.) Maon: town in the western foothills of Judah, (Jos 15:55; 1Sa 23:24, 25; 25:1, 2+), note: for MT text in 1Sa 25:1, see 7000

מְעוֹנָה (meʿô·nā(h)): see 5104

5064 מְעוּנִים (meʿû·nîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4586;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Meunim: Meunite, i.e., a group of people (1Ch 4:41 Q; 2Ch 26:7; Ezr 2:50 Q; Ne 7:52+), see also 5079; note: for MT text in 2Ch 20:1, see 6649

5065 מְעוֹנֹתַי (meʿô·nō·ṯǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4587;—LN 93-pers. (male) Meonothai: son of Othniel (1Ch 4:14+), note: NIV text adds the name in verse 13.

5066 מָעוּף (mā·ʿûp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4588; TWOT 1583b—LN 25.288–25.296 gloom, sadness, discouragement, i.e., a dejection of spirits as a figurative extension of physical darkness (Isa 8:22+)

5067 מָעוֹר (mā·ʿôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4589; TWOT 1588a—LN 8.9–8.69 genitals, pudendum, i.e., sexual organs of a male or female, a very private part of the body, of which public exposure should cause embarrassment or shame, implying sexual activity, see also domain LN 88.271–88.282 (Hab 2:15+), note: (most versions) “nakedness” or “naked body” as an euphemism; (RSV) “shame;” (NEB, REB) “naked orgies”

מָעֹז (mā·ʿōz) BDB, Lisowsky: see 5057

5068 מַעַזְיָה (mǎ·ʿǎz·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4590;—LN 93-pers. (male) Maaziah: signer of covenant (Ne 10:9[EB 8]+)

5069 מַעַזְיָהוּ (mǎ·ʿǎz·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4590;—LN 93-pers. (male) Maaziahu (Maaziah NIV): priest of the 24th course (1Ch 24:18+)

מעט (mʿṭ): see 5070

5070 מָעַט (mā·ʿǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 4591; TWOT 1228—1. LN 59.1–59.10 (qal) be few, be less, i.e., be in a state of a few number of objects, events, or entities (Ex 12:4; Lev 25:16a+); (piel) become few (Ecc 12:3+); (hif) make fewer (Lev 26:22; Nu 11:32; 35:8; 2Ki 4:3+); 2. LN 65.1–65.16 (qal) be trifling, i.e., be of low value (Ne 9:32+); (hif) make weak (Eze 29:15+); 3. LN 59.62–59.71 (qal) be decreased, i.e., be in a state of less numbers of objects, events, or extent (Ps 107:39; Pr 13:11; Isa 21:17; Jer 29:6; 30:19+); (hif) cause a decrease (Lev 25:16b; Nu 26:54; 33:54; Ps 107:38+); 4. LN 59.11–59.22 (hif) gather little, i.e., cause a little amount to be collected, with a focus on the small amount of objects (Ex 16:17, 18; 30:15+); 5. LN 20.12–20.30 (hif) destroy, reduce to nothing, i.e., cause (Jer 10:24+), note: in context this may refer to death or being killed

מָעֹט (mā·ʿōṭ) Lisowsky: see 5072

5071 מְעַט (meʿǎṭ): adj. [see also 5071.5, 5071.6]; ≡ Str 4592; TWOT 1228a—1. LN 59.11–59.22 little, i.e., pertaining to an amount of a collection or mass which is relatively small amount (Ge 18:4); 2. LN 59.1–59.10 few, i.e., pertaining to an amount relatively small of countables (Dt 26:5)

מְעַט (meʿǎṭ): n.masc. [served by 5071]; ≡ Str 4592; TWOT 1228a—1. LN 59.11–59.22 the little, i.e., an amount of a collection or mass which is relatively small amount (Ge 30:30); 2. LN 59.1–59.10 the few, i.e., an amount relatively small of countables (Nu 13:18)

מְעַט (meʿǎṭ): adv.; ≡ Str 4592; TWOT 1228a—1. LN 59.11–59.22 little, i.e., pertaining to acting in a manner which is relatively little amount of an event or time (2Ki 10:18); 2. LN 59.1–59.10 too few, i.e., pertaining to acting or being an amount relatively small of countables (2Ch 29:34); 3. LN 67.136–67.141 little while, i.e., a marker of an extent of time within a larger period of time, pertaining to a relatively short amount of time (Job 24:24); 4. LN 67.17–67.64 unit: עוֹד מְעַט (ʿôḏ meʿǎṭ) soon, almost, i.e., a point of time subsequent to another point of time, with the next event to begin soon (Ex 17:4; Ps 37:10; Isa 10:25; 29:17; Jer 51:33; Hos 1:4+)

5072 מְעֻטָּה (meʿǔṭ·ṭā(h)): adj. [oth pual ptcp.fem. of 6486 or 6487]—LN 18.1–18.11 grasped, i.e., pertaining to an object which is held in the hand, implying a position for action (Eze 21:20[EB 15]+), note: some translate as “drawn” or “unsheathed” is a meaning derived from a different etymology, which has only a slightly different focus on change of position; a rendering “wrapped” or “clothed” either makes no sense, or is a figurative extension being clothed as being in a certain state, see also domain LN 13.1–13.47; still others render as “smooth, shiny” referring to the metal of a sword sharp and ready for cutting; note: some sources change text to pual of 5307; “grasp” is contextually the simplest, best rendering

5073 מַעֲטֶה (mǎ·ʿǎṭě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4594; TWOT 1601a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 garment, mantle, wrap, i.e., a cover or heavy wrap over the clothing (Isa 61:3+); 2. LN 25.116–25.134 unit: מַעֲטֶה תְּהִלָּה (mǎ·ʿǎṭě(h) tehil·lā(h)) be joyful, formally, mantle of praise, i.e., be in a joyful state, implying words of praise to God are spoken while in this state, as a figurative extension of wearing a garment (Isa 61:3+)

מַעֲטָפָה (mǎ·ʿǎṭā·p̄ā(h)) BDB: see 5074

5074 מַעֲטֶפֶת (mǎ·ʿǎṭě·p̄ěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4595; TWOT 1606a—LN 6.152–6.187 cape, mantle, overtunic, cloak, i.e., an outer garment as a female ornamental garment (Isa 3:22+)

5075 מְעִי (meʿî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4596; TWOT 1577e—LN 1.46–1.50 (BDB) heap, mound, i.e., an elevated land formation (Isa 17:1+), note: in context a man-made ruin-heap made by destruction; note: some emend text to 4946 + 6551, or 4946 + 6505; note: for another interp, see 5075.5

מְעִי (meʿî): adj.; ≡ Str 4596; TWOT 1577e—LN 79.88–79.90 twisted, i.e., pertaining to a crooked, tangled, or contorted random appearance of an object, implying random destruction of a city (Isa 17:1+), note: for another interp, see 5075

5076 מָעַי (mā·ʿǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4597;—LN 93-pers. (male) Maai: musician in the dedication of the rebuilt wall of Jerusalem (Ne 12:36+)

5077 מְעִיל (meʿîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4598; TWOT 1230b—LN 6.152–6.187 robe, cloak, i.e., an exterior garment which covers an inner tunic (1Sa 18:4), note: KB defines as a “sleeveless coat”

מֵעִים (mē·ʿîm) Holladay, BDB, Lisowsky: see 5055

5078 מַעְיָן (mǎʿ·yān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4599; TWOT 1613a—1. LN 1.69–1.78 spring, fountain, i.e., a below-ground water source that has or bubbles up water, distinguished from a water storage or collection site such as a well or cistern (Ge 7:11; 8:2; Lev 11:36; Jos 15:9; 18:15; 1Ki 18:5; 2Ki 3:19, 25; 2Ch 32:4; Ps 74:15; 84:7[EB 6]; 104:10; 114:8; Pr 5:16; 8:24; 25:26; SS 4:12, 15; Isa 41:18; Hos 13:15; Joel 4:18[EB 3:18]+); 2. LN 88.66–88.74 source of life, source of blessing, formally, fountain, i.e., a state of kindness or benefit to a recipient, as a figurative extension of a spring of water as a life-sustaining body of water (Ps 87:7; Isa 12:3+)

מעינים (mʿynym) BDB: see 5079

5079 מְעִינִים (meʿî·nîm): n.pr.—see 5064 (gent.pl.) Meinim (1Ch 4:41 K; Ezr 2:50 K+)

מעךְ (mʿk): see 5080

5080 מָעַךְ (mā·ʿǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 4600; TWOT 1229—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal pass.) stick, i.e., pierce the ground with a sharp object and so then be stuck fast (1Sa 26:7+); 2. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal pass.) be crushed, bruised, pertaining to a wound causing damage to a body by crushing or pressing (Lev 22:24+); 3. LN 23.61–23.65 (pual) be fondled, caressed, i.e., the act. of having a physical part of the body touched or rubbed, relating to the sexual relations (Eze 23:3+), note: for MT text in Eze 23:21, see 5100

5081 I. מַעֲכָה (mǎ·ʿǎḵā(h)): n.pr. [BDB: GENT.]; ≡ Str 4601;—LN 93-place (terr) Maacah: small Syrian kingdom on the western border of Bashan N of Gilead (2Sa 10:6, 8; 1Ch 19:7+), see also 807; also, a part of a compound name, Aram Maacah, see 807; also Abel Beth Maacah, see 68

5082 II. מַעֲכָה (mǎ·ʿǎḵā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4601;—LN 93-pers. Maacah: 1. (male) son of Nahor (Ge 22:24+) 2. (female) wife of David, mother of Absalom (2Sa 3:3; 1Ch 3:2+) 3. (male) father of Achish, the king of Gath (1Ki 2:39+) 4. (female) daughter of Absalom, wife of King Rehoboam, grandmother of Asa, mother of Abijah (1Ki 15:2, 10, 13; 2Ch 11:20, 21, 22; 15:16+) note: for MT text in 2Ch 13:2, see 4780(1.) 5. (female) concubine of Caleb (1Ch 2:48+) 6. (female) of Manasseh, wife of Makir (1Ch 7:15, 16+) 7. (female) wife of Jeiel, father of Gibeon (1Ch 8:29; 9:35+) 8. (male) father of a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:43+) 9. (male) of Simeon, one in David’s service (1Ch 27:16+) 10. see also 5081

5083 מַעֲכָת (mǎ·ʿǎḵāṯ): n.pr. [oth gent.]; ≡ Str 4601;—LN 93-place (terr) (most versions) Maacath: pertaining to the kingdom in Syria (Jos 13:13b+), see also 5081

5084 מַעֲכָתִי (mǎ·ʿǎḵā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4602;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Maacathite: 1. pertaining to Maacah of Syria (Dt 3:14; Jos 12:5; 13:11, 13; 2Sa 23:34+), cf. in 2Sa 23:34 with 1Ch 11:36 also 4841, see also 5081 2. pertaining to (an unknown) Ishmaelite (2Ki 25:23; Jer 40:8+), note: oth 1 3. pertaining to (another unknown) Maacah (1Ch 4:19+), note: oth 1

מעל (mʿl): see 5085

5085 מָעַל (mā·ʿǎl): v.; ≡ Str 4603; TWOT 1230—LN 31.82–31.101 (qal) act. unfaithfully, break faith, commit a violation, i.e., act. in a manner which is untrustworthy or unreliable in relation to an agreement or relationship (Lev 5:15, 21[EB 6:2]; 26:40; Nu 5:6, 12, 27; Dt 32:51; Jos 7:1; 22:16, 20, 31; 1Ch 2:7; 5:25; 10:13; 2Ch 12:2; 26:16, 18; 28:19, 22; 29:6; 30:7; 36:14; Ezr 10:2, 10; Ne 1:8; 13:27; Pr 16:10; Eze 14:13; 15:8; 17:20; 18:24; 20:27; 39:23, 26; Da 9:7+), see also domain LN 34.40–34.41

5086 I. מַעַל (mǎ·ʿǎl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4604; TWOT 1230a—1. LN 88.289–88.318 sin, disobedience, i.e., a violation of a standard and so incurring guilt, with a focus on not being steadfast and faithful to a person in a committed relationship (Lev 5:15, 21[EB 6:2]); 2. LN 88.271–88.282 act. of adultery, unfaithfulness, i.e., the act. of a married person having sex with one who is not the partner, with a focus on the breaking of the relationship based on that act. (Nu 5:12)

5087 II. מַעַל (mǎ·ʿǎl): adv.; ≡ Str 4605; TWOT 1624k—1. LN 83.48–83.54 above, over, at the top, on high, i.e., pertaining to a spatial position which, often relative to other points of orientation (Ex 20:4), note: in some contexts a position in which one may observe events more efficiently; 2. LN 59.1–59.10 more, above, over, i.e., pertaining to a countable amount of items, events, or entities (Nu 1:3); 3. LN 67.17–67.64 on, from here, from there after, i.e., pertaining to a duration of time after a period of time (1Sa 6:13; Hag 2:15, 18); 4. LN 83.18–83.22 outer, i.e., pertaining to a position which is on the perimeter of an inner area (Nu 4:25); 5. LN 81.3–81.11 dimension, high, low, deep, i.e., pertaining to a unit of a specific length which extends out, up, or down from a source (1Ki 7:31); 6. LN 78.28–78.39 highly, very, i.e., pertaining to a great degree (1Ch 14:2), note: in context this refers to a high status, see also domain LN 87.19–87.57; 7. LN 84.29–84.33 ascending, upward, i.e., pertaining to extending from a source to a higher position, along a path (Jos 3:13, 16; Pr 15:24); 8. LN 83.55–83.56 beyond, i.e., pertaining to a position farther away than a certain reference point (Jdg 1:36); 9. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: מִן מַעַל לְ־ רֶגֶל (min mǎ·ʿǎl l- rě·ḡěl) jointed, formally, from the top to the foot, i.e., pertaining to a joint which moves (Lev 11:21+); 10. LN 81.25–81.29 unit: מִן שְׁכֶם ־ֹו וְ־ מַעַל ־ָה (min šeḵěm ō-w w- mǎ·ʿǎl ā-(h))2 a head taller, i.e., a measurement of head from the neck to the top of the head, with a focus on an impressive prominence of height (1Sa 9:2; 10:23+)

5088 מֵעַל (mē·ʿǎl): prep./c.—see 4946 + 6584

5089 מֹעַל (mō·ʿǎl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4607; TWOT 1624i—LN 15.101–15.105 lifting up, i.e., the act. of raising an object from a lower spatial position to a higher position as a non-linear movement (Ne 8:6+), see also domain LN 16

5090 מַעֲלֶה (mǎ·ʿǎlě(h)): n.fem. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 4608, 4610; TWOT 1624j—1. LN 1.46–1.50 ascent, i.e., an elevated geographical area (Jos 10:10; 1Sa 9:11; 2Ki 9:27; 2Ch 32:33; Neh 12:37; Isa 15:5; Jer 48:5+); 2. LN 7.26–7.53 stairs, i.e., a construction that allows a person to pass. to a higher level or descend back down (Ne 9:4+)

מַעֲלֶה (mǎ·ʿǎlě(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4608, 4610;—LN 93-place (loc.) 1. Scorpion Pass (Nu 34:4; Jos 15:3; Jdg 1:36+) 2. Adummim Pass (Jos 15:7; 18:17+) 3. Pass of Heres (Jdg 8:13+) 4. Pass of Ziz (2Ch 20:16+) 5. Mount of Olives (2Sa 15:30+), see also LN 3.12

5091 I. מַעֲלָה (mǎ·ʿǎlā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4609; TWOT 1624l, 1624m—LN 30.1–30.38 thought, i.e., what goes through or rises into one’s mind, with a focus on the content of the thought (Eze 11:5+)

5092 II. מַעֲלָה (mǎ·ʿǎlā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4609; TWOT 1624l—1. LN 7.26–7.53 steps, stairway, i.e., a construction that allows an ascent or descent (Ex 20:26); 2. LN 81.25–81.29 step, i.e., unit of length, the distance between two feet when walking (2Ki 20:9); 3. LN 15.18–15.26 journey, formally, walking steps, i.e., a linear movement to a destination (Ezr 7:9); 4. LN 15.165–15.186 ascending procession, i.e., an ascending walk to a higher space (Ps 120:1[EB title]-134:1[EB title] passim+); 5. LN 87.19–87.57 unit: תּוֹר מַעֲלָה (tôr mǎ·ʿǎlā(h))2 most exalted, formally, a turn at the steps, i.e., to have a high status as a figurative extension of one taking a turn at ascending steps (as a priest or king?) (1Ch 17:17), note: this phrase is variously interpreted, some say text is corrupt

5093 מַעְלָה (mǎʿ·lā(h)): adv.—see 2025 + 5087

מעליל (mʿlyl) BDB: see 5094

5094 מַעֲלִיל (mǎ·ʿǎlîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4611; TWOT 1627e—see 5095 (Zec 1:4 K+)

מעליליהם (mʿlylyhm) BDB: see 5095

5095 מַעֲלָל (mǎ·ʿǎlāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4611; TWOT 1627e—LN 42.7–42.28 deed, action, i.e., what is done as an activity or action (Dt 28:20; Jdg 2:19; 1Sa 25:3; Ne 9:35; Ps 28:4; 77:12[EB 11]; 78:7; 106:29, 39; Pr 20:11; Isa 1:16; 3:8, 10; Jer 4:4, 18; 7:3, 5; 11:18; 17:10; 18:11; 21:12, 14; 23:2, 22; 25:5; 26:3, 13; 32:19; 35:15; 44:22; Eze 36:31; Hos 4:9; 5:4; 7:2; 9:15; 12:3[EB 2]; Mic 2:7; 3:4; 7:13; Zec 1:4, 6+), note: in context, this may be an evil or good action

5096 מַעֲמָד (mǎ·ʿǎmāḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4612; TWOT 1637d—1. LN 37.48–37.95 position of service, i.e., an office of ruling over servants in a governmental corps (Isa 22:19+); 2. LN 35.1–35.18 duty, responsibility, i.e., a service or help which is prescribed (1Ch 23:28+); 3. LN 85.1–85.31 place of service, i.e., a station where one stands to perform a service (2Ch 35:15+), see also domain LN 35; 4. LN 35.1–35.18 service, attendance, i.e., helps in common domestic chores to a superior (1Ki 10:5; 2Ch 9:4+), note: BDB identifies as specifically waiting on tables

5097 מָעֳמָד (mā·ʿǒmāḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4613; TWOT 1637e—LN 1.39–1.45 firm ground, standing ground, i.e., a place of solid ground where one can stand without sinking or slipping (Ps 69:3[EB 2]+)

5098 מַעֲמָסָה (mǎ·ʿǎmā·sā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4614; TWOT 1643a—LN 15.187–15.211 load, burden, i.e., an object or group of objects that can be moved or transported (Zec 12:3+); note: in context there is a focus on the great difficulty of moving this burden, and so some translate “immovable;” see also domain LN 86

5099 מַעֲמַקִּים (mǎ·ʿǎmǎq·qîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 4615; TWOT 1644e—1. LN 81.3–81.11 depths, the distance beneath a surface, usually pertaining to a body of water (Ps 69:3[EB 2],15[EB 14]; Isa 51:10+); 2. LN 81.3–81.11 the deep, i.e., a place that is deep (Eze 27:34+); 3. LN 1.17–1.25 The Deep, i.e., a deep place which is proximate to Sheol (Ps 130:1+)

5100 מַעַן (mǎ·ʿǎn): prep./c.; ≡ Str 4616; TWOT 1650g—1. LN 89.15–89.38 because of, on account of, i.e., a marker of a cause or reason for an event (2Ki 13:23); 2. LN 90.36–90.42 for the sake of, with regard to, i.e., a marker of benefaction of a participant in an event (1Ki 11:12); 3. LN 89.39–89.54 so that, therefore, i.e., a marker of a result (Ge 27:25), note: in some contexts this may mark a purpose; 4. LN 89.55–89.64 to, in order to, i.e., a marker of a purpose (2Ki 10:19), note: in some contexts this may mark a result; note: for NIV text in Eze 23:21, see 5080

5101 I. מַעֲנֶה (mǎ·ʿǎně(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4617; TWOT 1650f—LN 33.180–33.188 reply, answer, i.e., speak a response to something that is said, implying a proper or appropriate response (Job 32:3, 5; Pr 15:1, 23; 16:1; 29:19; Mic 3:7+), note: for another parsing in Pr 29:19, see 6699

5102 II. מַעֲנֶה (mǎ·ʿǎně(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4617; TWOT 1650f—LN 30.56–30.74 purpose, i.e., an act. which is planned and thought about, implying reasoned, thoughtful decision (Pr 16:4+), note: NIV translates “one’s own end”

5103 מַעֲנָה (mǎ·ʿǎnā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4618; TWOT 1651b—1. LN 43 furrow, plow path, i.e., a ploughing line which appears as a groove in the dirt, made in cultivated dirt for beginning the planting process (Ps 129:3+), note: in context it refers to a wounding of the body, see also LN 20.12–20.30; 2. LN 81.25–81.29 unit: חֲצִי מַעֲנָה צֶמֶד (ḥǎṣî mǎ·ʿǎnā(h) ṣě·měḏ) half a furrow in an area of land, i.e., a specific length, reckoned at half the distance of a rectangular or square area of what a team of animals could plow in a morning’s or possibly day’sing. work (1Sa 14:14+), note: the CEV translates as “a hundred feet,” while most versions do not venture a modern reckoning of the distance. The text is considered difficult and unreliable by the NJB and other sources. The NEB, REB translates “cutting a furrow” as a figurative extension of great violence in battle, see also domain LN 20.1–20.11

5104 מְעֹנָה (meʿō·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4585; TWOT 1581b—1. LN 85.67–85.85 animal den, lair, i.e., a place where wild animals live (Job 37:8; 38:40; Ps 104:22; SS 4:8; Am 3:4; Na 2:13[EB 12]+); 2. LN 21.9–21.13 refuge, i.e., a state of safety from danger as a figurative extension of a hiding place (Dt 33:27+); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 dwelling place, i.e., a place where one lives (Ps 76:3[EB 2]+); 4. LN 7.2–7.25 refuge, fortress, i.e., a construction that is a safe place from danger (Jer 21:13+)

5105 מַעֲנִית (mǎ·ʿǎnîṯ): n.[fem.]—see 5103 (Ps 129:3 Q+)

5106 מַעַץ (mǎ·ʿǎṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4619;—LN 93-pers. (male) Maaz: of Judah by Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:27+)

5107 מַעֲצֵבָה (mǎ·ʿǎṣē·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4620; TWOT 1666f—LN 38.1–38.13 torment, suffering, i.e., the state of pain as a punishment, as a figurative extension of a place of torture such as a prison (Isa 50:11+)

5108 מַעֲצָד (mǎ·ʿǎṣāḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4621; TWOT 1668a—LN 6.215–6.225 wood-working tool, i.e., a wood-carving knife, likely with a hooked blade, for forming and fashioning artistic wood forms (Isa 44:12; Jer 10:3+)

מֹעֵצָה (mō·ʿē·ṣā(h)): see 4600

5109 מַעְצוֹר (mǎʿ·ṣôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4622; TWOT 1675d—LN 13.104–13.163 hinderance, obstacle, i.e., that which is a barrier to the accomplishment of an act. from happening (1Sa 14:6+)

5110 מַעְצָר (mǎʿ·ṣār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4623; TWOT 1675e—1. LN 13.104–13.163 restraint, temperance, moderation, i.e., that which is a barrier or inhibitor to the accomplishment of an act. from happening (Pr 25:28+); 2. LN 88.83–88.92 unit: מַעְצָר לְ־ רוּחַ (mǎʿ·ṣār l- rûaḥ) self-control, formally, restraint of the spirit, i.e., the exercising of control over the desires and actions of the self (Pr 25:28+)

5111 מַעֲקֶה (mǎ·ʿǎqě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4624; TWOT 1679a—LN 7.59–7.62 parapet wall, i.e., a barrier such as a railing or low wall to protect the edge of an elevated platform or roof (Dt 22:8+)

מַעֲקָשׁ (mǎ·ʿǎqāš) BDB: see 5112

5112 מַעֲקַשִּׁים (mǎ·ʿǎqǎš·šîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4625; TWOT 1684c—1. LN 79.84–79.87 (most versions) rough places, uneven terrain, i.e., ground which is not level and smooth, but uneven, coarse or ridged ground (Isa 42:16+), note: NJB, “quagmired places;” note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 79.88–79.90 (KJV, NKJV, ASV, NAB) twisted places, crooked places, i.e., linearly crooked places, usually pertaining to a road or path (Isa 42:16+)

5113 מַעַר (mǎ·ʿǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4626; TWOT 1692d—1. LN 8.9–8.69 genitals, pudenda, nakedness, i.e., external sexual organs, which when exposed in public is shameful or disgraceful (Na 3:5+); 2. LN 59.35–59.43 unit: מַעַר־אִישׁ (mǎ·ʿǎr-·ʾîš)1 empty space, formally, each of nakedness, i.e., a space on a panel or board with no engraving or painting (1Ki 7:36+), note: NIV translates “available space,” note also some sources consider the text corrupt

5114 I. מַעֲרָב (mǎ·ʿǎrāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4627; TWOT 1686c—1. LN 57.1–57.21 wares, goods, i.e., merchandise owned by someone for trade, exchange, or barter (Eze 27:9, 13, 17, 19, 25, 27a, 33, 34+); 2. LN 57.189–57.208 unit: עָרַב מַעֲרָב (ʿā·rǎḇ mǎ·ʿǎrāḇ)1 merchant, formally, exchanger of wares, i.e., a person who does business by buying, selling, or exchanging goods (Eze 27:27b+)

5115 II. מַעֲרָב (mǎ·ʿǎrāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4628; TWOT 1689b—LN 82.1–82.6 west, a spatial orientation as the direction of the sunset (1Ch 7:28; 12:16[EB 15]; 26:16, 18, 30; 2Ch 32:30; 33:14; Ps 75:7[EB 6]; 103:12; 107:3; Isa 43:5; 45:6; 59:19; Da 8:5+), note: for the MT text in Jdg 20:33, see 5116

מַעֲרָב (mǎ·ʿǎrāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4628; TWOT 1689b—LN 93-place (loc.) West Gate: an entrance area (1Ch 26:16+)

מַעֲרָבָה (mǎ·ʿǎrā·ḇā(h)) Holladay: see 5115 + 2025

5116 מַעֲרֶה (mǎ·ʿǎrě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4629; TWOT 1692d—LN 1.86–1.87 vicinity, formally, bare place, i.e., an open area which is in proximity to and an access point to a population area (Jdg 20:33+), note: for the NIV text, see 5115

5117 I. מְעָרָה (meʿā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4631; TWOT 1704a—LN 1.51–1.59 cave, i.e., a land formation of a hole in the side of a hill, or under ground (Ge 19:30; 23:9, 11, 17, 19, 20; 25:9; 49:29, 30, 32; 50:13; Jos 10:16, 17, 18, 22,23, 27; Jdg 6:2; 1Sa 13:6; 22:1; 24:4[EB 3],8[EB 7],9[EB 8],11[EB 10]; 2Sa 23:13; 1Ki 18:4, 13; 19:9, 13; 1Ch 11:15; Ps 57:1[EB title]; 142:1[EB title]; Isa 2:19; Jer 7:11; Eze 33:27+), note: often used as a shelter, hideout, or burial cave; note: for another parsing in Jos 13:4 as prep. + n.pr., see 4946 + 6869

5118 II. מְעָרָה (meʿā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4632;—LN 1.86–1.87 wasteland, formally, nakedness, barrenness, i.e., an area of land inhabited sparsely or not at all, with a focus of being a marginal pastureland, as an extension of being naked or bare, lacking foliage or other natural resources (Isa 32:14+), note: BDB translates “den” as a kind of cave, see 5117

מערות (mʿrwt) BDB: see 5120 (1Sa 17:23 K)

מַעֲרִיץ (mǎ·ʿǎrîṣ): n.masc. [oth hif ptcp.masc.sing. of 6907]; ≡ Str 4632;—LN 25.251–25.269 fear, dread, i.e., a feeling or attitude of severe distress, usually over future events (Isa 8:13+), see also 5123

5119 מַעֲרָךְ (mǎ·ʿǎrāḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4633; TWOT 1694c—LN 30.56–30.74 (pl.) plans, considerations, i.e., an orderly, purposed, arrangement of ideas with regard to future actions (Pr 16:1+)

5120 מַעֲרָכָה (mǎ·ʿǎrā·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4630, 4634; TWOT 1694d—1. LN 55.2–55.6 battle line, rows of army ranks, i.e., an orderly fighting arrangement of an army of soldiers in a battle line for fighting (1Sa 4:2, 12, 16; 17:8, 10, 20, 21,22, 23, 26, 36, 45, 48; 23:3; 1Ch 12:39[EB 38]+); 2. LN 62.1–62.2 row, layer, i.e., an orderly arrangement of items usually in a linear arrangement, according to instructions or normal understanding (Ex 39:37+); 3. LN 66 proper arrangement, i.e., that which is orderly and proper according to instructions or a normal understanding (Jdg 6:26+)

5121 מַעֲרֶכֶת (mǎ·ʿǎrě·ḵěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4635; TWOT 1694e—LN 62.1–62.2 rows, layers, i.e., the proper, orderly setting out of items in lines or layers on an open surface (Lev 24:6,7; 1Ch 9:32; 23:29; 28:16; 2Ch 2:3[EB 4]; 13:11; 29:18; Ne 10:34[EB 33]+), note: in each context it refers to bread on a table

5122 מַעֲרֹם (mǎ·ʿǎrōm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4636; TWOT 1588d—LN 49 (pl.) nakedness, i.e., a state of inadequate or no clothing, as a destitute class of persons (2Ch 28:15+), see also domain LN 57.37–57.48

מַעֲרֻמּהֵם (mǎ·ʿǎrǔm·mhēm) BDB: see 5122

מַעֲרֻמִּים (mǎ·ʿǎrǔm·mîm) BDB, Lisowsky: see 5122

5123 מַעֲרָץ (mǎ·ʿǎrāṣ): n.masc. [oth of hif ptcp.masc. of 6907]; ≡ Str 6206; TWOT 1702—LN 25.251–25.269 fear, dread, terror, i.e., a feeling or attitude of severe distress, usually over future events (Isa 8:13 cj+), see also 5118.5

5124 מַעֲרָצָה (mǎ·ʿǎrā·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4637; TWOT 1702c—LN 76 great force, i.e., power so forceful that it instills terror or fear (Isa 10:33+)

5125 מַעֲרָת (mǎ·ʿǎrāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4638;—LN 93-place (loc.) Maarath: site in Judah (Jos 15:59+)

5126 מַעֲשֶׂה (mǎ·ʿǎśě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4639; TWOT 1708a—1. LN 42.7–42.28 work, labor, deed, occupation, i.e., the focused expenditure of energy in order to do or accomplish a goal or task (Ex 5:13); 2. LN 41.29–41.43 practices, customs, i.e., energy regularly expended as to become a custom or habit, as a particular pattern of behavior (Ex 23:24; 2Ch 17:4; Ps 106:35); 3. LN 42.29–42.40 works, things worked on, product, i.e., the object of one’s energy and focused labor (Ge 40:17; Ex 32:16; 1Sa 25:2; Job 14:15; Ps 45:2[EB 1]; Isa 3:24; Hab 3:17), note: the reference to what is made in context can vary greatly

5127 מַעְשַׂי (mǎʿ·śǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4640;—LN 93-pers. (male) Maasai: priest in post-exilic times (1Ch 9:12+)

מַעֲשַׂי (mǎ·ʿǎśǎy) BDB: see 5127, 5128

5128 מַעֲשֵׂיָה (mǎ·ʿǎśē·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4641;—LN 93-pers. (male) Maaseiah: 1. see also 5129(1.) 2. see also 5129(2.) 3. see also 5129(3.) 4. see also 5129(4.) 5. see also 5129(5.) 6. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:18+) 7. another divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:21+) 8. yet another divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:22+) 9. still another divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:30+) 10. father of a wall builder (Ne 3:23+) 11. one who stood with Ezra (Ezr 8:4+) 12. another who stood with Ezra, an instructor in Torah (Ezr 8:7+) 13. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:26[EB 25]+) 14. of Judah (Ne 11:5+) 15. of Benjamin (Ne 11:7+) 16. priest for music and worship (Ne 12:41+) 17. another priest for music and worship (Ne 12:42+) 18. father of a priest in the time of Jeremiah (Jer 21:1; 29:25; 37:3+) 19. The father of the false prophet Zedekiah in the days of Jeremiah (Jer 29:21+) 20. see also 5129(6.) 21. see also 1283

5129 מַעֲשֵׂיָהוּ (mǎ·ʿǎśē·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4641;—LN 93-pers. (male) Maaseiahu (Maaseiah NIV): 1. Levite gatekeeper (1Ch 15:18, 20+) 2. military officers who helped Jehoash-Joash (2Ch 23:1+) 3. officer of King Uzziah (2Ch 26:11+) 4. son of King Ahaz (2Ch 28:7+) 5. governor of Jerusalem in the days of King Josiah (2Ch 34:8+) 6. door keeper of the temple (Jer 35:4+), see also 5128

5130 מַעֲשֵׂר (mǎ·ʿǎśēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4643; TWOT 1711h—LN 60.66 tithe, tenth part, i.e., the setting aside a tenth of goods or money given as a gift or offering (2Ch 31:5)

מַעֲשַׁקָּה (mǎ·ʿǎšǎq·qā(h)) BDB: see 5131

5131 מַעֲשַׁקּוֹת (mǎ·ʿǎšǎq·qôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4642; TWOT 1713e—1. LN 57.232–57.248 extortion, i.e., the obtaining of goods legally but immorally from a victim, by taking extra-ordinary, unfair advantage in a dealing, and so a kind of theft (Isa 33:15+); 2. LN 22.21–22.28 unit: רַב מַעֲשַׁקּוֹת (rǎḇ mǎ·ʿǎšǎq·qôṯ) tyrannical, formally, great of oppression, i.e., pertaining to being very severe, oppressive, causing great hardship (Pr 28:16+), note: this could be extortion, see also domain LN 57.232–57.248

5132 מֹף (mōp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4644;—LN 93-place (loc.) Memphis: city in Egypt in the W bank of the Nile, S near modern Cairo (Hos 9:6+), see also 5862

מְפִבֹשֶׁת (mep̄i·ḇō·šěṯ): see 5136 (2Sa 19:25[EB 24]; 21:8+)

5133 מִפְגָּע (mip̄·gāʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4645; TWOT 1731b—LN 39.47–39.50 target, i.e., that thing or person that is the object of a directed attack, implying hostility toward that object (Job 7:20+)

5134 מַפָּח (mǎp·pāḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4646; TWOT 1390a—1. LN 23.185–23.187 exhale, i.e., breath out air from the lungs to the outside (Job 11:20+); 2. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: מַפָּח נֶפֶשׁ (mǎp·pāḥ ně·p̄ěš) dying, formally, exhaling gasp of the soul, i.e., the very beginning of the state of no longer being alive (Job 11:20+)

5135 מַפֻּחַ (mǎp·pǔaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4647; TWOT 1390b—LN 6.215–6.225 bellows, i.e., a device that sup.-heats a fire by blowing or forcing air into the core of the fire’s coals (Jer 6:29+)

5136 מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (mep̄î·ḇō·šěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4648;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mephibosheth: 1. son of King Saul-Rizpah (2Sa 21:8+) 2. son of Jonathan and grandson of Saul (2Sa 4:4; 9:6), see also 5136.5, 5311

מְפִי־בֹשֶׁת (mep̄î-·ḇō·šěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4648;—LN 93-pers. (male) son of Jonathan (2Sa 16:1, 4; 21:7+), see also 5136, 5311

5137 מֻפִּים (mǔp·pîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4649;—LN 93-pers. (male) Muppim: son of Benjamin (Ge 46:21+), see also 8792, 9146

5138 מֵפִיץ (mē·p̄îṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4650; TWOT 1745a—LN 6.29–6.40 war-club, battle-hammer, i.e., a mace-like, offensive weapon swung around to kill and maim (Pr 25:18+), note: some respell text to 5151

5139 מַפָּל (mǎp·pāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4651; TWOT 1392b—1. LN 3.47–3.59 waste, refuse, i.e., the chaff sweepings of wheat, with little worth or value (Am 8:6+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 folds of skin, i.e., the point of intersection that appears to be the joining plates of skin, as on a reptile (Job 41:15[EB 23]+)

מִפְלָאָה (mip̄·lā·ʾā(h)) BDB, Lisowsky: see 5140

5140 מִפְלָאוֹת (mip̄·lā·ʾôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4652; TWOT 1768c—LN 32.19–32.23 marvelous works, wonders, i.e., an act., natural or sup.-natural which cannot be understood (Job 37:16+)

5141 מִפְלַגָּה (mip̄·lǎg·gā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4653; TWOT 1769d—LN 10.1–10.13 clan, formally, division, i.e., a subgroup of a main clan/tribe division (2Ch 35:12+)

5142 מַפָּלָה (mǎp·pā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4654; TWOT 1392d—LN 20.31–20.60 ruin, i.e., a heap of rubble of something that has been destroyed (Isa 17:1+), see also 5143

5143 מַפֵּלָה (mǎp·pē·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4654; TWOT 1392d—LN 20.31–20.60 ruin, i.e., a heap of rubble of something that has been destroyed (Isa 23:13; 25:2+), see also 5142

5144 מִפְלָט (mip̄·lāṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4655; TWOT 1774e—LN 21.14–21.16 refuge, place of shelter, i.e., a safe-place free from danger (Ps 55:9[EB 8]+)

5145 מִפְלֶצֶת (mip̄·lě·ṣěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4656; TWOT 1778b—LN 6.96–6.101 repulsive image, horrible idol, i.e., a fashioned image, with a focus on the distasteful, evil, nature of the image (1Ki 15:13; 2Ch 15:16+)

5146 מִפְלָשׂ (mip̄·lāś): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4657; TWOT 1777b—LN 1.34–1.38 floating, hovering, i.e., the act. or state of being suspended in the atmosphere (Job 37:16+), note: NIV translates “hang poised.”

5147 מַפֶּלֶת (mǎp·pě·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4658; TWOT 1392e—1. LN 20.31–20.60 downfall, i.e., the destruction of persons, objects, or governments as a figurative extension of the falling down of an object like a tree falling (Pr 29:16; Eze 26:15, 18; 32:10+); 2. LN 3.60–3.67 fallen tree, i.e., a tree that has been cut down (Eze 31:13+); 3. LN 15.118–15.122 falling, i.e., the act. of a linear motion of an object from an upright position to a horizontal one (Eze 31:16+); 4. LN 54 shipwreck, i.e., the act. of a boat being no longer able to float and so be destroyed (Eze 27:27+); 5. LN 8.1–8.8 carcass, corpse, i.e., a dead body of man or animal (Jdg 14:8+)

5148 מִפְעָל (mip̄·ʿāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4659; TWOT 1792c—LN 42.29–42.40 deed, work, act., i.e., the resulting product of energy expended to accomplish a deed (Pr 8:22+), see also 5149

5149 מִפְעָלָה (mip̄·ʿā·lā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 4659; TWOT 1792c—LN 42.29–42.40 deed, work, act., i.e., the resulting product of energy expended to accomplish a deed (Ps 46:9[EB 8]; 66:5+), see also 5148

מֵפָעַת (mē·p̄ā·ʿǎṯ) BDB: see 4789 (Jos 13:18+)

5150 מַפָּץ (mǎp·pāṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4660; TWOT 1394b—1. LN 19.43–19.54 shattering, wrecking, i.e., the concept of deadly crushing of a physical object (Eze 9:2+), see also domain LN 20.31–20.60; 2. LN 6.29–6.40 unit: כְּלִי מַפָּץ (kelî mǎp·pāṣ) deadly weapon, formally, a vessel of shattering, i.e., an offensive weapon of some kind, possibly a club of some kind (cudgel) (Eze 9:2+)

5151 מַפֵּץ (mǎp·pēṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4661; TWOT 1394c—LN 6.29–6.40 war club, cudgel, i.e., a short stout wood club for offensive smashing and killing the enemy (Jer 51:20+), note: some translate “battle-axe” as an ax for military fighting

5152 מִפְקָד (mip̄·qāḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4662, 4663; TWOT 1802g—1. LN 37.35–37.47 appointment, assignment, responsibility, charge, i.e., the naming of a person officially to task or office, implying the exercising of authority, leadership, and responsibility (2Ch 31:13+); 2. LN 7.26–7.53 designated place, i.e., a part of a construction which has a certain official-named function (Eze 43:21+), see also domain LN 85.1–85.31; 3. LN 33.35–33.68 enrollment, accounting, i.e., a written, official listing of a number of persons or items (2Sa 24:9; 1Ch 21:5+)

מִפְקָד (mip̄·qāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4662, 4663;—LN 93-place (loc.) Inspection Gate: an entrance area (Ne 3:31+), note: some sources place Eze 43:21 here also

5153 מִפְרָץ (mip̄·rāṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4664; TWOT 1827a—LN 1.60–1.68 cove, inlet, i.e., a recessed area where land and sea meet, of relatively calmer, deeper water, sometimes at the mouth of a river (Jdg 5:17+), note: used as a landing-place for ships

5154 מַפְרֶקֶת (mǎp̄·rě·qěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4665; TWOT 1828c—LN 8.9–8.69 neck, i.e., the part of the body connecting the head and body (1Sa 4:18+)

5155 מִפְרָשׂ (mip̄·rāś): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4666; TWOT 1832a—1. LN 79.114–79.117 spreading out, i.e., the state of enlarging and extending an object and so covering an ever larger area (Job 36:29+); 2. LN 6.41–6.51 sail, canvas, i.e., a tightly woven linen used to catch wind for movement (Eze 27:7+)

5156 מִפְשָׂעָה (mip̄·śā·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4667; TWOT 1841b—LN 8.9–8.69 posterior area, buttocks, i.e., the lower hind area of the human body normally covered (1Ch 19:4+)

5157 מִפְתָּח (mip̄·tāḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4669; TWOT 1854e—1. LN 16 opening, i.e., the non-linear movement of pairs of the body (lips, hands, feet) extending away from each other wider and wider (Pr 8:6+); 2. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: מִפְתָּח שָׂפָה (mip̄·tāḥ śā·p̄ā(h)) speak, formally, open the lips, i.e., the act. of communication (Pr 8:6+)

5158 מַפְתֵּחַ (mǎp̄·tēaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4668; TWOT 1854f—LN 6.220 key, i.e., a metal instrument to turn and so unlock a bolt or lock (Jdg 3:25; 1Ch 9:27; Isa 22:22+)

5159 מִפְתָּן (mip̄·tān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4670; TWOT 1858b—LN 7.63–7.76 threshold, footing, i.e., an area of a building that is immediately in front of another specific area, often having a plank or molding on the floor as merely a marker, or having a function in the construction (1Sa 5:4, 5; Eze 9:3; 10:4, 18; 46:2; 47:1; Zep 1:9+), see also 7327

5160 מֵץ (mēṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4160; TWOT 1162—LN 22.1–22.14 oppressor, extortioner, i.e., one who causes trouble and hardship for another (Isa 16:4+)

5161 מֹץ (mōṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4671; TWOT 1162a—LN 3.47–3.59 chaff, a non-fruit part of a grain plant, including the seed coverings (husks), very light and so susceptible to being blown away in the wind (Job 21:18; Ps 1:4; 35:5; Isa 17:13; 29:5; 41:15; Hos 13:3; Zep 2:2+)

מצא (mṣʾ): see 5162

5162 מָצָא (mā·ṣā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 4672; TWOT 1231—1. LN 27.27–27.29 (qal) discover, uncover, find, find out, i.e., learn the location of an object (Ge 26:19); 2. LN 27.1–27.26 (qal) find out, learn, i.e., gain or learn information not previously known (1Ki 13:28); (nif) be found, be caught (Dt 22:28); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) attain, i.e., achieve a state, implying a discovery or unfolding process (Pr 16:31); (nif) have, was, is, i.e., be found in a state or place (Ex 9:19); (hif) cause a state (Job 34:11; 37:13+); 4. LN 57.55–57.70 (qal) obtain, acquire, i.e., gain possession of an object by any means, implying control (Nu 31:50); (nif) have in possession (Ex 35:23); (hif) give to possess (Lev 9:12, 13, 18; 2Sa 3:8; Zec 11:6+); 5. LN 59.44–59.47 (qal) have enough, be sufficient, formally, find, i.e., be in a state of having a sufficient amount of objects, implying a discovery unfolding or information of the objects (Nu 11:22); (nif) be enough (Jos 17:16); 6. LN 15.75–15.80 (qal) meet up with, encounter, i.e., come near or approach an object as an extension of finding information about an object (Ge 4:14); (nif) be found, encountered (Dt 21:1; Jdg 20:48); 7. LN 90.56–90.84 (qal) experience, find out, i.e., begin to experience an event or state (Ru 1:9); 8. LN 43 (qal) reap, harvest, formally, find, i.e., obtain an agricultural result in a growing process (Ge 26:12); 9. LN 85.55–85.64 (nif) be in a place, stay, formally, found, i.e., occupy a place (Ge 19:15); 10. LN 57.152–57.171 unit: מָצָא יָד דַּי (mā·ṣā(ʾ) yāḏ dǎy) afford, formally, find the hand of sufficiency, i.e., not have the economic means to purchase an item (Lev 12:8); 11. LN 25.102–25.115 unit: מָצָא חֵן בְּ־ עַיִן (mā·ṣā(ʾ) ḥēn b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be pleased, be favorably disposed, formally, find grace in the eyes (Ex 33:13); 12. LN 37.1–37.32 unit: מָצָא (mā·ṣā(ʾ)) … יָד (yāḏ) grasp, lift up, formally, find one’s hand, i.e., bring under one’sing. control, with a focus on ability or potency to do a task, implying violence or harm to the subject (1Sa 23:17; Ps 76:6[EB 5])

מֹצָא (mō·ṣā(ʾ)): see 4604

5163 מַצָּב (mǎṣ·ṣāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4673; TWOT 1398c—1. LN 55.7–55.13 outpost, garrison, i.e., a detachment of soldiers that are a part of a greater military group, located on the outskirts or perimeter of an occupied area (1Sa 13:23; 14:1, 4, 6, 11, 15; 2Sa 23:14+); 2. LN 37.35–37.47 office, i.e., a position of authority (Isa 22:19+); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 unit: מַצָּב רֶגֶל (mǎṣ·ṣāḇ rě·ḡěl) place one stands, formally, standing place of the feet, i.e., a locality where one resides in a standing position for a relatively brief period of time (Jos 4:3, 9+)

5164 מֻצָּב (mǔṣ·ṣāḇ): n.[masc.] [oth Jdg 9:6 as hof ptcp. of 5893]; ≡ Str 4674; TWOT 1398d—1. LN 29 stone pillar, i.e., a monument stone as a memorial of a covenant, as a sacred place (Jdg 9:6+), note: many sources change text to 5167; 2. LN 7.2–7.25 tower, i.e., an offensive military construction to attack a city wall (Isa 29:3+), note: some translate as “entrenchment” as another kind offensive siege construction, either for containment or protecting soldiers, see also LN 6.29–6.40

5165 מַצָּבָה (mǎṣ·ṣā·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4675; TWOT 1398f—LN 55.7–55.13 outpost, garrison, i.e., a detachment of soldiers that are a part of a greater military group, located on the outskirts or perimeter of an occupied area (1Sa 14:12+)

5166 מִצָּבָה (miṣ·ṣā·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4675; TWOT 1398f—LN 55.7–55.13 detachment, i.e., a relatively small patrol of soldiers attacking in an outer perimeter area, as part of a larger military force (Zec 9:8+), note: some parse as 4946 + 7372; note: BDB translates “guard, watch.”

5167 מַצֵּבָה (mǎṣ·ṣē·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4676; TWOT 1398g—LN 29 stone pillar, memorial stone, i.e., a sacred upright stone as memorial stone, often to a deity (Ge 28:18, 22; 31:13, 45, 51, 52; 35:14,20; Ex 23:24; 24:4; 34:13; Lev 26:1; Dt 7:5; 12:3; 16:22; 1Ki 14:23; 2Ki 3:2; 10:26, 27; 17:10; 18:4; 23:14; 2Ch 14:2[EB 3]; 31:1; Isa 19:19; Jer 43:13; Eze 26:11; Hos 3:4; 10:1, 2; Mic 5:12[EB 13]+), see also 5170; note: see also domain LN 6.96–6.101

5168 מְצֹבָיָה (meṣō·ḇā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4677;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Mezobaite: place or area, or perhaps a title (1Ch 11:47+), note: see BHS ftn for text options

5169 I. מַצֶּבֶת (mǎṣ·ṣě·ḇěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4678; TWOT 1398g—LN 3.47–3.59 tree stump, i.e., the roots as well as the very base of a tree just above ground that has been cut down (Isa 6:13+), note: Lisowsky switches 1 & 2

5170 II. מַצֶּבֶת (mǎṣ·ṣě·ḇěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4678; TWOT 1398g—LN 29 stone pillar, memorial stone, i.e., a revered upright stone as a personal memorial stone (Isa 6:13+), see also 5167

מְצַד (meṣǎḏ) BDB: see 5171

5171 מְצָד (meṣāḏ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4679; TWOT 1885c—1. LN 85.67–85.85 stronghold, i.e., an inaccessible, secure place possibly up high in rim-rock or mountain area, where one may dwell or reside in a defensive position (Jdg 6:2; 1Sa 23:14, 19; 24:1[EB 23:29]; 1Ch 12:9[EB 8],17[EB 16]; Isa 33:16; Jer 48:41; 51:30; Eze 33:27+); 2. LN 7.2–7.25 fortress, i.e., a walled construction built for defensive position (1Ch 11:7+)

מְצֹדָה (meṣō·ḏā(h)) Holladay, BDB: see 5183

מְצֻדָה (meṣǔ·ḏā(h)) BDB: see 5181

מצה (mṣh): see 5172

5172 מָצָה (mā·ṣā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 4680; TWOT 1232—1. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) squeeze out, wring out, i.e., pressing motions of the hands on moisture-holding fabric to take the moisture out (Jdg 6:38+); 2. LN 15.107–15.117 (nif) be drained out, i.e., the act. of gravity pulling a liquid out of a container or body from a higher level to a lower level, as a descending movement (Lev 1:15; 5:9+); 3. LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) drink deeply, drain to the bottom, i.e., drink to the very bottom of the container (Ps 75:9[EB 8]; Isa 51:17; Eze 23:34+); (nif) drink dry (Ps 73:10+)

5173 מֹצָה (mō·ṣā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4681;—LN 93-place (loc.) Mozah: town in Benjamin, (Jos 18:26+)

5174 I. מַצָּה (mǎṣ·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4682; TWOT 1234a—1. LN 5.1–5.22 flat bread, unleavened cakes or wafers, i.e., baked flour dough possibly mixed with baking ingredients (in various forms), yet with the unique feature of lacking leavening-yeast (1Sa 28:24); 2. LN 51 Feast of Unleavened Bread, i.e., a major festival celebrating freedom from bondage (Ex 12:17; 23:15; 34:18; Lev 23:6; Dt 16:16; 2Ch 8:13; 30:13, 21; 35:17; Ezr 6:22+)

5175 II. מַצָּה (mǎṣ·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4683; TWOT 1400a—LN 33.446–33.454 strife, quarrel, i.e., a verbal contention or argument (Pr 13:10; 17:19; Isa 58:4+)

5176 מֻצְהָב (mǔṣ·hāḇ): adj. [KB, BDB: hof ptcp.masc. of 7410]; ≡ Str 6668; TWOT 1880—LN 79.26–79.38 gleaming red, bright red, i.e., pertaining to a copper color with a luster, produced by polishing a bronze or brass artifact (Ezr 8:27+), note: for another parsing as verb, see 7410

מִצְהָלָה (miṣ·hā·lā(h)) BDB, Lisowsky: see 5177

5177 מִצְהָלוֹת (miṣ·hā·lôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4684; TWOT 1881a—LN 14.74–14.86 neighing, i.e., the act. or condition of a horse making a sound (Jer 8:16; 13:27+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

5178 I. מָצוֹד (mā·ṣôḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4685; TWOT 1885d, 1885e—1. LN 6.23–6.25 trapping implement, i.e., what a hunter uses to capture his prey, either a net, or a loop-snare are possible in these contexts (Job 19:6; Ecc 7:26+); 2. LN 57.232–57.248 plunder, i.e., objects stolen from others as a figurative extension of the prey which is captured in a hunter’s snare or net (Pr 12:12+), note: for another cj in text, see BHS ftn

5179 II. מָצוֹד (mā·ṣôḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4685; TWOT 1885d—LN 6.29–6.40 siege works, bulwark, i.e., a siege-wall as an offensive weapon (with higher walls than the besieged walls) to throw projectiles over the defending walls, or a siege rampart built against a wall (Ecc 9:14+), for NIV text, see 5189; note: (Holladay) translates Pr 12:12 as “mountain stronghold,” see 5178

5180 I. מְצוּדָה (meṣû·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4686; TWOT 1885g, 1885i—1. LN 6.23–6.25 trapping implement, i.e., what a hunter uses to capture his prey, either a net, or a loop-snare are possible in these contexts (Eze 12:13; 17:20+); 2. LN 7.2–7.25 prison, i.e., a construction that is secure for keeping in captured persons (Ps 66:11+), note: some parse as 5181; 3. LN 37.114–37.118 victim, prey, i.e., the state or condition of being captured or controlled as a figurative extension of being the prey captured in a hunters net or snare (Eze 13:21+)

5181 II. מְצוּדָה (meṣû·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4686; TWOT 1885g—1. LN 85.67–85.85 stronghold, mountain or rock fortress, i.e., a place where one resides as a hiding or defensive position, often occupying a natural land formation in the high inaccessible rock or hill area (1Sa 22:4, 5; 24:23[EB 22]; 2Sa 5:17; 22:2; 23:14; 1Ch 11:16; Job 39:28; Ps 18:3[EB 2]; 31:3[EB 2],4[EB 3]; 66:11; 71:3; 91:2; 144:2+); 2. LN 7.2–7.25 fortress, i.e., a walled construction built for defensive position (2Sa 5:7, 9; 1Ch 11:5+), note: in Ps 66:11 some parse as 5180

5182 I. מְצוֹדָה (meṣô·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4685; TWOT 1885d—LN 6.10–6.13 fish net, i.e., an open mesh device used to catch fish by dragging through the water (Ecc 9:12+)

5183 II. מְצוֹדָה (meṣô·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4685; TWOT 1885d—1. LN 7.2–7.25 fortress, i.e., a walled construction built for defensive position (Isa 29:7+); 2. LN 7.2–7.25 prison, i.e., a construction that is secure for keeping-in captured persons (Eze 19:9+), note: for cj, see 5189

5184 מִצְוָה (miṣ·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4687; TWOT 1887b—1. LN 33.323–33.332 command, order, commandment, i.e., an authoritative directive, either written or verbal, given as instruction or prescription to a subordinate (1Sa 13:13; 1Ki 2:43); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 terms, formally, commandment, i.e., the written legal conditions which are binding in a contract (Jer 32:11)

5185 מְצוֹלָה (meṣô·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4688, 4699; TWOT 1889c—1. LN 1.69–1.78 abyss of ocean, the watery depths, the deep, i.e., the very deep area of a body of water (sea, marsh, or river), sometimes with the associative meaning of being the location or entrance to the location of the dead (Ex 15:5; Ne 9:11; Job 41:23[EB 31]; Ps 68:23[EB 22]; 69:3[EB 2],16[EB 15]; 88:7[EB 6]; 107:24; Jnh 2:4[EB 3]; Mic 7:19; Zec 10:11+), note: this area is difficult to access or control; note: see also 5198; 2. LN 1.51–1.59 ravine, i.e., a relatively steep valley as a depression in the earth (Zec 1:8+)

מְצוּלָה (meṣû·lā(h)) BDB: see 5185

5186 מָצוֹק (mā·ṣôq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4689; TWOT 1895d—LN 22.1–22.14 distress, hardship, i.e., a state of trouble, affliction and suffering (Dt 28:53, 55, 57; 1Sa 22:2; Ps 119:143; Jer 19:9+)

5187 מָצוּק (mā·ṣûq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4690; TWOT 1896a—1. LN 7.45 pillar, i.e., an upright foundational support shaft for a construction (1Sa 2:8+); 2. LN 1.46–1.50 cliff, formally, pillar, i.e., a steep, sharp crag of mountain as a natural land formation (1Sa 14:5+)

5188 מְצוּקָה (meṣû·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4691; TWOT 1895e—LN 22.1–22.14 distress, hardship, i.e., a state of trouble, affliction and suffering (Job 15:24; Ps 25:17; 107:6, 13, 19, 28; Zep 1:15+)

5189 I. מָצוֹר (mā·ṣôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4692; TWOT 1898a—1. LN 55.2–55.6 siege, i.e., a state or process of shutting up and confining a city, and methodically attacking the walls (Dt 20:19); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 siege works, ramparts, i.e., earthen mounds and ramps built as offensive weapons to attack city walls (Dt 20:20), note: see also 5190; note: for MT text at Ecc 9:4, see 5179; note: some translate “distress” in Dt 28:53, 55, 57; Jer 19:9, see 5186

5190 II. מָצוֹר (mā·ṣôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4692; TWOT 1898a—LN 7.2–7.25 stronghold, fortification, i.e., a defensive structure used to protect against a military attack, of various structure and design (2Ch 8:5; 11:5; Ps 60:11[EB 9]; Zec 9:3+), note: for another interp of these verses, see 5189

5191 III. מָצוֹר (mā·ṣôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4693; TWOT 1898a—LN 93-place (terr) Egypt: major country in NE Africa (2Ki 19:24; Isa 19:6; 37:25; Mic 7:12+), see also 5213

5192 IV. מָצוֹר (mā·ṣôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4686; TWOT 1885g—LN 37.1–37.32 custody, lock up, formally, cause to besiege, i.e., seize an object, with a focus on keeping control of the object after seizing (Job 19:9 cj+), note: KB relates this to root to 7443, for MT text, see 6073

5193 מְצוּרָה (meṣû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4694; TWOT 1898b—1. LN 7.2–7.25 fortification, defensive structure, i.e., a construction that is built to defend oneself against attack (2Ch 11:10, 11, 23; 12:4; 14:5[EB 6]; 21:3; Na 2:2[EB 1]+); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 siege works, ramparts, i.e., earthen mounds and ramps built as offensive weapons to attack city walls (Isa 29:3+), note: for Na 2:2[EB 1] cj; Isa 29:3 cj, see 5211

5194 מַצּוּת (mǎṣ·ṣûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4695; TWOT 1400b—1. LN 39.1–39.12 strife, enmity, i.e., the concept of being in opposition or a hostile position (Isa 41:12+); 2. LN 39.1–39.12 unit: אִישׁ מַצּוּת (ʾîš mǎṣ·ṣûṯ) enemy, formally, man of strife, i.e., one who is in hostility or strife (Isa 41:12+)

5195 מֵצַח (mē·ṣǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4696; TWOT 1233a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 forehead, i.e., a part of the head from the eyebrows to the beginning of the hair line (Ex 28:38; 1Sa 17:49; 2Ch 26:19, 20; Isa 48:4; Eze 3:8b, 9; 9:4+); 2. LN 33.476–33.489 brazen look, seductive appearance, formally, brow, i.e., an appearance which shows a lack of proper embarrassment and contemptuous boldness in sexuality, as a non-verbal sign (Jer 3:3+), note: how this relates to the forehead is not currently known; 3. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: חָזָק מֵצַח (ḥā·zāq mē·ṣǎḥ) rebellious, stubborn, formally, hard of forehead, i.e., one who is obstinate and hardened to obey a superior (Eze 3:7, 8a+)

5196 מִצְחָה (miṣ·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4697; TWOT 1233b—LN 6.29–6.40 greaves, leggings, i.e., defensive armor for the front or back of leg from ankle to knee (1Sa 17:6+)

5197 מְצִלָּה (meṣil·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4698; TWOT 1919e—LN 6.188–6.196 bell, i.e., a small, hollow metallic device that makes a pleasant tone when struck (Zec 14:20+), see also domain LN 6.83–6.95

5198 מְצֻלָה (meṣǔ·lā(h)): n.fem.—see 5185 (Ps 68:23[EB 22]; Mic 7:19; Zec 1:8+)

5199 מְצִלְתַּיִם (meṣil·tǎ·yim): n.fem. dual; ≡ Str 4700; TWOT 1919f—LN 6.83–6.95 cymbals, i.e., a pair of round, metal musical percussion instruments which are struck together to make a rhythmic sound (1Ch 13:8; 15:16, 19, 28; 16:5, 42; 25:1, 6; 2Ch 5:12, 13; 29:25; Ezr 3:10; Ne 12:27+), see also 7529; note: a cymbal can be large or small and held either vertically or horizontally, depending on context

5200 מִצְנֶפֶת (miṣ·ně·p̄ěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4701; TWOT 1940c—LN 6.152–6.187 turban, head-wrap, headband, i.e., an ornamental headdress cap made by wrapping cloth around and around on the head (Ex 28:4, 37,39; 29:6; 39:28, 31; Lev 8:9; 16:4; Eze 21:31[EB 26]+)

5201 מַצָּע (mǎṣ·ṣāʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4702; TWOT 896c—LN 6.106–6.117 bed, couch, i.e., what one sleeps upon as a piece of furniture or possibly a simple mat (Isa 28:20+)

5202 מִצְעָד (miṣ·ʿāḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4703; TWOT 1943d—1. LN 15.224–15.229 (pl.) step, stride, i.e., a certain length traveled when walking (Ps 37:23; Pr 20:24+), see also domain LN 81.12–81.14; note: in some contexts “a step” can refer to an event or series of events; 2. LN 15.224–15.229 procession, i.e., a victory march which is headed by the victor, and has the conquered follow in a parade of victory (Da 11:43+), note: to follow in a procession can mean a position of submission

5203 I. מִצְעָר (miṣ·ʿār): n.masc. [see also 5203.5]; ≡ Str 4705; TWOT 1948c—1. LN 79.123–79.128 smallness, i.e., in a state or condition of being diminutive in size, and so not be large (Ge 19:20+); 2. LN 88.51–88.58 humble, formally, a small quantity, i.e., a state or condition which is unpretentious, with a lack of hubris (pride), possibly implying a low status (Job 8:7+); 3. LN 67.106 little while, i.e., a state or condition of a relatively brief amount of time (Isa 63:18+), note: (Ps 42:7[EB 6]) NJB translates as “humble mountain,” most versions as n.pr. 5204

מִצְעָר (miṣ·ʿār): adj. [served by 5203]; ≡ Str 4705; TWOT 1948c—LN 59.1–59.10 few, i.e., pertaining to a small number of persons or objects (2Ch 24:24+), note: some sources parse as a noun

5204 II. מִצְעָר (miṣ·ʿār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4706;—LN 93-place (most versions) (a mountain) Mizar: mount somewhere in the region of Hermon (Ps 42:7[EB 6]+), note: NJB translates as a common noun “humble mountain,” see 5203.5

5205 I. מִצְפֶּה (miṣ·pě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4707; TWOT 1950b—1. LN 7.2–7.25 watchtower, lookout tower, i.e., a construction that is elevated for a maximum military surveillance of an area for defense (Isa 21:8+); 2. LN 1.46–1.50 overlook, vista, i.e., an natural elevated land formation that has a view of a relatively large area (2Ch 20:24+)

5206 II. מִצְפֶּה (miṣ·pě(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4708;—LN 93-place (loc.) Mizpeh (Mizpah NIV): 1. Mizpah in the western foothills of Judah (Jos 15:38+) 2. region or Valley of Mizpeh (Jos 11:8+), note: for NIV text, see 5207(6.) 3. Mizpah of Benjamin, (Jos 18:26+), see also 5207(2.) 4. Mizpah of Gilead (Jdg 11:29+), see also 5207(3.) 5. Mizpah of Moab (1Sa 22:3+)

5207 מִצְפָּה (miṣ·pā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4709;—LN 93-place (loc.) Mizpah: 1. see also 5205, 5206 2. Mizpah of Benjamin, (Jdg 20:1, 3; 21:1, 5, 8; 1Sa 7:5–10:17 passim; 1Ki 15:22; 25:23, 25; 2Ch 16:6; Ne 3:7, 15, 19; Jer 40:6–41:16 passim+), see also 5206(3.) 3. Mizpah of Gilead (Jdg 10:17; 11:11, 34; Hos 5:1+) see also 5206(4.) 4. see 5206(1.) 5. see 5206(5.) 6. region or Valley of Mizpeh (Jos 11:3+), note: for MT text in Jos 11:8, see 5206(2.) 7. see 8256 8. Mizpah of Jacob (Ge 31:49+), note: oth same as 3.

5208 מַצְפּוֹן (mǎṣ·pôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4710; TWOT 1953d—LN 57.36 (pl.) treasures, i.e., a collection of valuables, with a focus on those treasures being in a secret, hidden place (Ob 6+)

מַצְפּוּנִים (mǎṣ·pû·nîm) BDB, Lisowsky: see 5208

מצץ (mṣṣ): see 5209

5209 מָצַץ (mā·ṣǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 4711; TWOT 1234—LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) drink deeply, quaff, i.e., drink a liquid to one’s fill, with a focus on satisfaction of one’sing. hunger (Isa 66:11+)

מָצֻק (mā·ṣǔq) BDB: see 5187 (1Sa 2:8+)

מֻצָק (mǔ·ṣāq) Holladay: see 3668 (Job 11:15+)

מְצֻקָה (meṣǔ·qā(h)) BDB: see 5188 (Ps 107:13, 19+)

מֻצֶקֶת (mǔ·ṣě·qěṯ) BDB: see 4609 (2Ch 4:3+)

5210 מֵצַר (mē·ṣǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4712; TWOT 1973f—LN 22.1–22.14 anguish, distress, hardship, i.e., a state or condition of having trouble and hardship (Ps 116:3; 118:5; La 1:3+)

מְצֻרָה (meṣǔ·rā(h)) BDB: see 5193

5211 מַצָּרָה (mǎṣ·ṣā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4694; TWOT 1898b—LN 37.119–37.126 guarding, watch, i.e., a person or state of alert against a future action or contingency (Na 2:2[EB 1]; Isa 29:3+), note: usually parsed as another spelling of 5193

מְצֹרָע (meṣō·rāʿ): adj. [oth pual ptcp.masc.sing. of 7665]; ≡ Str 4694; TWOT 1898b—LN 23.142–23.184 leprous, i.e., pertaining to a condition of having a serious, dreaded, normally chronic, skin condition (Ex 4:6; Lev 14:2; Nu 12:10; 2Sa 3:29; 2Ki 5:1, 11, 27; 7:3, 8; 15:5; 2Ch 26:20, 21,23+)

מְצֹרָע (meṣō·rāʿ): n.masc. [oth pual ptcp.masc.sing. of 7665]—see 5211.5, 7665

5212 מִצְרִי (miṣ·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4713;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Mizrite (an Egyptian NIV): one pertaining to Mizraim (Ge 16:1; 39:1), see also 5213

5213 מִצְרַיִם (miṣ·rǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4714; TWOT 1235—LN 93-pers. (gent.) 1. Mizraim: son of Ham (Ge 10:6) 2. Egyptian: the people who are descendants of Mizraim (Ge 12:12), see also 5191; see also 5213.5

מִצְרַיִם (miṣ·rǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4714; TWOT 1235—LN 93-place (loc.) 1. Egypt: the land of northern Africa (Ge 12:10) 2. Egyptian Sea: same as the Red Sea/Reed Sea (Isa 11:15+), see 6068; see also 5213; also part of a compound name, Abel Mizraim, see 73

5214 מַצְרֵף (mǎṣ·rēp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4715; TWOT 1972b—LN 6.118–6.151 crucible, a vessel which is capable of enduring very high temperatures (Pr 17:3; 27:21+), note: used as an instrument for melting and refining hot, liquid metal

מַצֻּת (mǎṣ·ṣǔṯ) Holladay, BDB: see 5194 (Isa 41:12+)

5215 מַק (mǎq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4716; TWOT 1237a—1. LN 79.45–79.47 stench, bad odor, stink, i.e., the smell of decay which is offensive to the sense of smell (Isa 3:24+); 2. LN 23.205 decay, i.e., the decomposition of organic matter (Isa 5:24+)

מָק (māq) BDB: see 5215 (Isa 5:24+)

5216 I. מַקֶּבֶת (mǎq·qě·ḇěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4717, 4718; TWOT 1409d—LN 6.215–6.225 hammer, mallet, i.e., normally, an iron device used to strike an object to move or manipulate (Jdg 4:21; 1Ki 6:7; Isa 44:12; Jer 10:4+), note: in Jdg 4:21 may be a wood mallet

5217 II. מַקֶּבֶת (mǎq·qě·ḇěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4718; TWOT 1409d—1. LN 1.51–1.59 hole, i.e., that which is a depression in the earth (Isa 51:1+); 2. LN 1.51–1.59 unit: מַקֶּבֶת בּוֹר (mǎq·qě·ḇěṯ bôr) quarry, formally, excavation of a pit, i.e., a man-made excavation pit where construction rock is excavated (Isa 51:1+)

5218 מַקֵּדָה (mǎq·qē·ḏā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4719;—LN 93-place (loc.) Makkedah: site in the western foothills of Judah, (Jos 10:10–29 passim; 12:16; 15:41+)

5219 מִקְדָּשׁ (miq·dāš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4720; TWOT 1990f—1. LN 7.2–7.25 sanctuary, shrine, temple, i.e., a construction, either moveable or with a permanent foundation which is consecrated and recognized as a sacred place (Ex 25:8; Eze 45:3); 2. LN 53.1–53.15 sacred thing, i.e., an implement, vessel, or product which is used for consecrated ritual duties (Nu 10:21; 18:29+), see also domain LN 6.215–6.225; 3. LN 7.26–7.53 holy place, i.e., room or part of a larger construction (Jer 51:51); 4. LN 7.26–7.53 unit: מִקְדָּשׁ הַ־ קֹדֶשׁ (miq·dāš hǎ- qō·ḏěš) the Most Holy Place, i.e., an inner room of the temple or tabernacle (Lev 16:33)

5220 מַקְהֵל (mǎq·hēl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4721; TWOT 1991d—LN 11.12–11.54 assembly, congregation, group, i.e., a gathering of persons for a purpose (Ps 26:12; 68:27[EB 26]+), note: in context, this is a religious group

5221 מַקְהֵלוֹת (mǎq·hē·lôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4722;—LN 93-place (loc.) Makheloth: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:25, 26+), note: some translate as the plural of 5220, “great congregation”

מַקְהֵלֹת (mǎq·hē·lōṯ) BDB: see 5221

5222 מִקְוֵא (miq·wē(ʾ)): n.masc.—LN 59.11–59.22 collection, i.e., a group of a quantity of objects, usually implying a value (2Ch 1:16+), note: context better served as an n.pr., see 4946 + 7745; see also 5224

מִקְוֶא (miq·wě(ʾ)): see 5223, 5224, 5225

5223 I. מִקְוֶה (miq·wě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4723; TWOT 1994c—1. LN 25.59–25.64 hope, looking forward to, i.e., have a confidence in regard to a good and beneficial future (1Ch 29:15; Ezr 10:2; Jer 50:7+), see also domain LN 30.53–30.55; 2. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: מִקְוֶה יִשְׂרָאֵל (miq·wě(h) yiś·rā·ʾēl) Hope of Israel, i.e., a title of a supernatural being (Jer 14:8; 17:13+)

5224 II. מִקְוֶה (miq·wě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4723; TWOT 1994c—LN 59.11–59.22 collection, accumulation, pile, i.e., a heap or mass of an object in one place (Ge 1:10; Ex 7:19; Lev 11:36+), note: in 1Ki 10:28 and 2Ch 1:16 some translate as prep. [4946] + n.pr. “Kue” [7745]; note: in context a mass of liquid, see also domain LN 1.69–1.78; see also 5225

מִקְוֵה (miq·wē(h)) BDB: see 5223, 5224

5225 מִקְוָה (miq·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4724; TWOT 1995a—LN 59.11–59.22 collection, accumulation, pile, i.e., a heap or mass of an object in one place (Isa 22:11+), note: in context a water reservoir or water storage pool, see also 5224; see also domain LN 1.69–1.78

5226 מָקוֹם (mā·qôm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4725; TWOT 1999h—1. LN 80.1–80.4 place, site, i.e., a spatial area of any size (very topographically large to a few square inches), inside or outside (Ge 1:9; 12:6; 24:23); 2. LN 85.67–85.85 home, dwelling, formally, place, i.e., a place where one lives and dwells, with a focus on the existence in a place (Job 2:11; Ps 44:20[EB 19]; Isa 26:21); 3. LN 37.48–37.95 office, formally, place, i.e., a position in a governmental or military structure (1Ki 20:24); 4. LN 83.1–83.4 source, i.e., a spatial position, with a primary focus point of origination (Job 28:6); 5. LN 82 direction, i.e., a point on the compass in which something is going or intends to go (Eze 10:11); 6. LN 83.5–83.8 unit: כֹּל מָקוֹם (kōl mā·qôm) everywhere, anywhere, i.e., a spatial position (Nu 18:31); 7. LN 17.12–17.18 unit: נָתַן מָקוֹם (nā·ṯǎn mā·qôm) seated, i.e., take or be in a sitting position (1Sa 9:22); 8. LN 6.106–6.117 unit: מָקוֹם הַ־ שֶׁבֶת (mā·qôm hǎ- šě·ḇěṯ)1 seat, formally, place of sitting, i.e., a piece of furniture shaped for the sitting position (1Ki 10:19; 2Ch 9:18); 9. LN 55.2–55.6 unit: נָתַן מָקוֹם (nā·ṯǎn mā·qôm) give way, formally, give a place, i.e., to yield ground on a military battlefield (Jdg 20:36)

5227 מָקוֹר (mā·qôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4726; TWOT 2004a—1. LN 47.1–47.7 flow, i.e., that which is a movement of a mass of liquid or fluid (Lev 12:7+); 2. LN 80.5–80.7 source, i.e., that which is the spatial beginning of a direction or path (Lev 20:18+); 3. LN 68.1–68.10 source, formally, fountain, i.e., that which is the origin or beginning of a state or time (Ps 36:10[EB 9]; Pr 10:11; 13:14; 14:27; 16:22; 18:4+); 4. LN 1.69–1.78 well, spring, fountain, i.e., a relatively small body of water on the surface or just below ground, with the associative meanings of life and cleansing associated with clean water (Pr 5:18; 25:26; Jer 2:13; 17:13; 51:36; Hos 13:15; Zec 13:1+); 5. LN 11.12–11.54 assembly, formally, fountain, i.e., a socio-religious group, as a figurative extension of a pool of fresh water (Ps 68:27[EB 26]+); 6. LN 59.11–59.22 much, formally, fountain, i.e., a relatively great quantity of a mass as a figurative extension of a fountain as a body of water (Jer 8:23[EB 9:1]+)

5228 מִקָּח (miq·qāḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4727; TWOT 1124e—1. LN 57.55–57.70 taking, accepting, i.e., the act. of receiving a thing (2Ch 19:7+); 2. LN 57.172–57.177 unit: מִקָּח שֹׁחַד (miq·qāḥ šō·ḥǎḏ) bribery, formally, accepting a gift, i.e., the act. of renting or hiring a person to behave in a certain way or say a certain thing, implying dishonesty (2Ch 19:7+)

מַקָּחָה (mǎq·qā·ḥā(h)), מִקָּחָה (miq·qā·ḥā(h)) BDB: see 5229

5229 מַקָּחוֹת (mǎq·qā·ḥôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4728; TWOT 1124f—LN 57.1–57.21 merchandise, wares, i.e., products that are bought and sold or bartered in the marketplace, which then transfer ownership (Ne 10:32[EB 31]+)

מַקְטָר (mǎq·ṭār) BDB: see 5230

מַקְטֵר (mǎq·ṭēr) BDB: see 5230

5230 מִקְטָר (miq·ṭār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4729; TWOT 2011d—LN 14.63–14.73 burning, i.e., the act. or state of combustion of a burnable material (Ex 30:1+), note: in context incense in the material, on an altar

5231 מֻקְטָר (mǔq·ṭār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6999; TWOT 2011, 2011e, 2011g—LN 6.205–6.212 incense, burning perfumes, i.e., material used to produce a fragrant smoke (Mal 1:11+), note: used for incense offerings

מְקַטֵּרָה (meqǎṭ·ṭē·rā(h)) BDB, מְקַטְּרָה (meqǎṭ·ṭerā(h)) Holladay: see 5232

מַקְטֵרָה (mǎq·ṭē·rā(h)) BDB: see 5233

5232 מְקַטֶּרֶת (meqǎṭ·ṭě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6999; TWOT 2011—LN 6.106–6.117 incense altar, i.e., a piece of furniture on which incense is offered and burned to deity (2Ch 30:14+)

מְקַטְּרוֹת (meqǎṭ·ṭerôṯ) Lisowsky: see 5232

5233 מִקְטֶרֶת (miq·ṭě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4730; TWOT 2011f—LN 6.118–6.151 censer, incense burner, i.e., a metal vessel used for burning fragrant material to produce incense smoke (2Ch 26:19; Eze 8:11+), see also domain LN 6.106–6.117

5234 מַקֵּל (mǎq·qēl): n.masc. and fem.; ≡ Str 4731; TWOT 1236—1. LN 3.47–3.59 branch, twig-stick, i.e., a part of a plant that extends from the body of a plant or tree, which can be removed from the tree (Ge 30:37,38, 39, 41; 1Sa 17:43; Jer 1:11; Hos 4:12+); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 wood club, i.e., a stout piece of wood used as a weapon (Eze 39:9+); 3. LN 6.215–6.225 staff, i.e., a long stick carried in the hand for various functions, including a walking helper, or shepherds tool, or symbol of rulership (Ge 32:11[EB 10]; Ex 12:11; Nu 22:27; 1Sa 17:40; Jer 48:17; Zec 11:7, 10, 14+)

5235 מִקְלוֹת (miq·lôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4732;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mikloth: 1. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:32; 9:37, 38+) 2. chief officer under Dodai (1Ch 27:4+)

5236 מִקְלָט (miq·lāṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4733; TWOT 2026a—LN 21.9–21.13 refuge, asylum, haven, i.e., a state or condition of protection and safety (Nu 35:6, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 25, 26, 27, 28, 32; Jos 20:2, 3; 21:13, 21, 27, 32, 38; 1Ch 6:42[EB 57],52[EB 67]+)

5237 מִקְלַעַת (miq·lǎ·ʿǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4734; TWOT 2031a—LN 45 carving, engraving, i.e., the result or process of a purposeful pressing artistic motion of engraving with a sharp-cutting tool on hard surfaces, such as wood, for ornaments (1Ki 6:18, 29, 32; 7:31+)

מָקֹם (mā·qōm) BDB: see 5226

5238 מִקְנֶה (miq·ně(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4735; TWOT 2039b—1. LN 4.1–4.37 livestock, i.e., large and small domestic mammals that are found in herds and flocks, with an associated meaning that the animals are someone’s property (1Sa 23:5), note: this can include cows, sheep, goats, horses, donkeys, etc.; 2. LN 57.1–57.21 possession, something bought and so owned by someone (Ge 49:32+); 3. LN 44 herdsman, i.e., a person that tends animals in flocks and herds (2Ch 14:14[EB 15]); 4. LN 44 unit: רָעָה מִקְנֶה (rā·ʿā(h) miq·ně(h)) herdsman, i.e., a person that tends animals in flocks and herds (Ge 13:7)

5239 מִקְנָה (miq·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4736; TWOT 2039c—1. LN 57.1–57.21 acquisition, purchase, i.e., the act. or condition of obtaining an object as a possession (Ge 17:12, 13, 23, 27; Ex 12:44; Lev 27:22+); 2. LN 57.1–57.21 property, i.e., an object bought and so is a possession (Ge 23:18+); 3. LN 57.152–57.171 price, i.e., the amount of money or barter agreed to in a transaction (Lev 25:16,51+); 4. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: סֵפֶר הַ־ מִקְנָה (sē·p̄ěr hǎ- miq·nā(h)) deed, certificate, formally, book of acquisition, i.e., a legal written document proving ownership of an object (Jer 32:11, 12,14, 16+)

5240 מִקְנֵיָהוּ (miq·nē·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4737;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mikneiahu (Mikneiah NIV): Levite musician (1Ch 15:18, 21+)

5241 מִקְסָם (miq·sām): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4738; TWOT 2044b—LN 33.281–33.285 divination, i.e., an instance of stating or determining the future (or hidden knowledge) through signs, omens, and supernatural powers (Eze 12:24; 13:7+), note: see also domain LN 53.96–53.101

מַקִּפִים (mǎq·qi·p̄îm) BDB: see 5938 (hif)

5242 מָקַץ (mā·qǎṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4739;—LN 93-place (loc.) Makaz: site near Beth Shemesh (1Ki 4:9+)

5243 מִקְצוֹעַ (miq·ṣôaʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4740; TWOT 2057a—1. LN 79.104–79.109 corner, i.e., a point where two converging lines, edges or sides meet (Ex 26:24; 36:29; Eze 41:22; 46:21,22+); 2. LN 7.26–7.53 angle, i.e., the indefinite, interior space at the meeting of two walls or sides, as a part of a construction (2Ch 26:9; Ne 3:19, 20, 24, 25+), note: for another interp, see 5243.5

מִקְצוֹעַ (miq·ṣôaʿ): n.pr. [served by 5243]; ≡ Str 4740; TWOT 2057a—LN 93-place the Angle, i.e., a definite place on the wall of Jerusalem (2Ch 26:9; Ne 3:19, 20, 24, 25+)

מַקְצוּעָה (mǎq·ṣû·ʿā(h)): see 5244

מִקְצֹעַ (miq·ṣōaʿ) BDB: see 5243

5244 מַקְצֻעָה (mǎq·ṣǔ·ʿā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 4741; TWOT 2056b—LN 6.215–6.225 chisel, i.e., a carving tool to chip, dig, and scrape to artistically fashion material into an artifact (Isa 44:13+), note: in context wood

מִקְצָת (miq·ṣāṯ): see 4946 + 7921 (Ne 7:69[EB 70]; Da 1:2, 5, 15, 18+)

מקק (mqq): see 5245

5245 מָקַק (mā·qǎq): v.; ≡ Str 4743; TWOT 1237—1. LN 23.205 (nif) rot, decay, i.e., pertaining to organic matter decomposing (Zec 14:12bc+); (hif) cause to rot (Zec 14:12a+); 2. LN 22.1–22.14 (nif) waste away, formally, rot, i.e., be in a weakened physical state, implying a lack of what is necessary to live, either for survival or a favorable circumstance, as an extension of the rotting of bio-degradable mass (Lev 26:39; Eze 4:17; 24:23; 33:10+), see also domain LN 23.142–23.184; 3. LN 23.142–23.184 (nif) fester, be infected, i.e., the infection of a wound which results in the destruction or eating away of healthy body tissue (Ps 38:6[EB 5]+); 4. LN 13.69–13.103 (nif) dissolve, i.e., go out of existence, possibly implying a lengthened process (Isa 34:4+)

מָקֹר (mā·qōr): see 5227 (Lev 12:7; 20:18+)

5246 מִקְרָא (miq·rā(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4744; TWOT 2063d—1. LN 11.12–11.54 assembly, group, convocation, i.e., a collective of people gathered for a purpose (Ex 12:16; Lev 23:2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 21, 24, 27, 35, 36, 37; Nu 28:18, 25, 26; 29:1, 7, 12; Isa 1:13; 4:5+), note: in each context for a religious purpose; 2. LN 33.35–33.68 a reading, i.e., the content of a written communication that is publicly uttered aloud (Ne 8:8+); 3. LN 33.307–33.314 calling, i.e., the act. of publicly making a signal or sign for the purpose of community coming together (Nu 10:2+)

5247 מִקְרֶה (miq·rě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4745; TWOT 2068c—1. LN 13.104–13.163 chance occurrence, i.e., what happens without a particular person deciding or assisting in an action, and apparently God not moving events behind the scenes (Ru 2:3; 1Sa 6:9; 20:26+); 2. LN 67.65–67.72 fate, destiny, fortune, i.e., the end-point of a life, implying that what happens has no choice involved (Ecc 2:14, 15; 3:19; 9:2, 3+)

5248 מְקָרֶה (meqā·rě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4746; TWOT 2068f—LN 7.77–7.79 coll. beams, thick poles, rafters, i.e., a series of very thick planks of wood used as major weight-bearing beams, used to hold up a roof (Ecc 10:18+)

5249 מְקֵרָה (meqē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4747; TWOT 2077d—LN 7.2–7.25 summer house, formally, coolness, i.e., a construction located in a cooler place for residence in the hot season (Jdg 3:20, 24+)

מֹקֵשׁ (mō·qēš): see 4613

מֹקְשׁוֹת (mō·qešôṯ): see 4613 (Ps 141:9+)

5250 מִקְשֶׁה (miq·šě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4748; TWOT 2086a—LN 49 hair-do, coiffured hair, i.e., hair which has been beautifully arranged by one who coifs hair (Isa 3:24+), note: NIV translates “well-dressed hair”

5251 I. מִקְשָׁה (miq·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4749; TWOT 2086b—LN 19.43–19.54 hammered-work, i.e., a metal-crafted article made by artistically hitting an object with hammer to fashion (Ex 25:18, 31, 36; 37:7, 17, 22; Nu 8:4; 10:2+), note: see also domain LN 6.83–6.95; LN 6.102–6.105, note: some sources identify more specifically as an embossed work

5252 II. מִקְשָׁה (miq·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4750; TWOT 2083b—LN 1.95–1.98 cucumber patch, i.e., a cultivated plot of ground for growing cucumbers (Isa 1:8; Jer 10:5+), note: NIV translates more generically, “melon field, melon patch.”

5253 I. מַר (mǎr): adj. [see also 5253.5]; ≡ Str 4751; TWOT 1248a—1. LN 79.39–79.44 bitter, i.e., pertaining to having an astringent, pungent, disagreeable taste in the mouth (Ex 15:23; Nu 5:24a; Pr 5:4; 27:7; Isa 5:20), note: for MT text in 2Ki 14:26 hif, see 5286; 2. LN 25.223–25.250 anguished, despairing, bitter, i.e., pertaining to a mental state of great, intense distress, as a figurative extension of a bitter taste in the mouth (Ge 27:34; Nu 5:24b), note: Lisowsky switches 1 & 2; 3. LN 23.88–23.128 poisonous, i.e., pertaining to a deadly substance when applied through a weapon causes death (Ps 64:4[EB 3]); 4. LN 25.223–25.250 unit: מַר נֶפֶשׁ (mǎr ně·p̄ěš) discontented, formally, bitter of soul, i.e., in a state of unhappiness and mental distress (1Sa 1:10; 22:2; Job 3:20); 5. LN 88.105–88.125 unit: מַר נֶפֶשׁ (mǎr ně·p̄ěš) fierce, violent, formally, bitter of soul, i.e., pertaining to a person that can harm another (Jdg 18:25; 2Sa 18:7; Hab 1:6); 6. LN 29.13–29.15 unit: מַר הַ־ מָוֶת סוּר (mǎr hǎ- mā·wěṯ sûr)1 forget, formally, bitterness of the death is removed, i.e., have sufficient time go by as to have one forget or have less emotion about a past event (1Sa 15:32)

מַר (mǎr): n.[masc.] [served by 5253]; ≡ Str 4751; TWOT 1248a—LN 25.223–25.250 bitterness, anguish, i.e., a mental state of great, intense distress, as a figurative extension of a bitter taste in the mouth (Isa 38:17)

5254 II. מַר (mǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4752; TWOT 1249a—LN 2.7–2.13 drop, i.e., a very small unit of liquid that falls in one spherical mass (Isa 40:15+)

5255 מֹר (mōr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4753; TWOT 1248b—LN 6.205–6.212 myrrh, i.e., a yellowish to reddish brown resinous gum or oil related to Balsam tree or other oily bark trees, fragrant and slightly bitter, used as perfume and incense, identified as Commiphora abessinica or Balsamodendron Myrrha (Ex 30:23; Est 2:12; Ps 45:9[EB 8]; Pr 7:17; SS 1:13; 3:6; 4:6, 14; 5:1, 5,13+)

I. מרא (mrʾ): see 5256

II. מרא (mrʾ): see 5257

III. מרא (mrʾ): see 5258

5256 I. מָרָא (mā·rā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 4754; TWOT 1238—LN 39.34–39.41 (qal ptcp. fem.sing.) obstinate, rebellious, i.e., pertaining to a condition of opposing and so openly defying an authority (Zep 3:1+), note: see also 5286; note: another contextually possible meaning as some translate “befouled” or “unclean” and so be impure, as an extension of the meaning of dung as by-product of the body, see also domain LN 88.256–88.261

5257 II. מָרָא (mā·rā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 4754; TWOT 1238—LN 16 (hif impf.) flap, flutter, i.e., the motion of a bird spreading the feathers as a non-linear movement of the wings (Job 39:18+), note: this could also mean “to stand up,” see also domain LN 17.1–17.11; or refer to the tossing motion of dirt into the air by the feet, see also domain LN 15.215–15.221

5258 III. מָרָא (mā·rā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 4806; TWOT 1239a—see 5309 (qal) (Isa 11:6 cj+)

5259 IV. מָרָא (mā·rā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4755;—LN 93-pers. (female) Mara: symbolic name of Naomi (Ru 1:20+), see 5253, 5843

מֹרָא (mō·rā(ʾ)) BDB: see 4616 (Dt 26:8)

מִרֹאדַךְ (mi·rō(ʾ)·ḏǎḵ) BDB: see 213, 5281, 5282

5260 מַרְאֶה (mǎr·ʾě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4758; TWOT 2095i—1. LN 24.1–24.51 sight, i.e., the act. of seeing with the eye (Ge 2:9); 2. LN 24.1–24.51 a sight, i.e., what is seen with the eye (Ecc 6:9); 3. LN 58.14–58.18 appearance, form, i.e., the visual form which is seen (Ge 39:6); 4. LN 58.58–58.62 pattern, i.e., a visual form designed to be copied (Nu 8:4); 5. LN 32.19–32.23 clearness, comprehension, i.e., that which can be easily understood (Nu 12:8); 6. LN 28.28–28.56 vision, i.e., a supernatural revelation from God given as a communication in visual images and possibly verbal content (Eze 8:4; 11:24; Da 8:16); note: see also domain LN 33.476–33.489; 7. LN 79.123–79.128 huge, i.e., of massive physical size (2Sa 23:21), note: some sources change text to 4500; 8. LN 79.9–79.17 unit: יָפֶה מַרְאֶה (yā·p̄ě(h) mǎr·ʾě(h)) attractive, beautiful, handsome, i.e., be physically desireable in appearance as a feature of an object (Ge 12:11; 29:17; 39:6; 41:2, 4; 1Sa 17:42; 2Sa 14:27+); 9. LN 79.9–79.17 unit: רַע מַרְאֶה (rǎʿ mǎr·ʾě(h)) ugly, unseemly, i.e., be physically undesireable in appearance as a feature of an object (Ge 41:3, 4+); 10. LN 79.123–79.128 unit: גָּדוֹל לְ־ מַרְאֶה (gā·ḏôl l- mǎr·ʾě(h)) imposing, awesome, i.e., pertaining to an object as large (Jos 22:10+); 11. LN 25.251–25.269 unit: גָּדוֹל לְ־ מַרְאֶה (gā·ḏôl l- mǎr·ʾě(h)) imposing, awesome, i.e., pertaining to an object which causes awe and wonder, possibly implying some fear (Ex 3:3+); 12. LN 79.9–79.17 unit: טוֹב מַרְאֶה (ṭôḇ mǎr·ʾě(h)) attractive, beautiful, handsome, i.e., be physically desireable in appearance as a feature of an object (Ge 24:16; 26:7; 2Sa 11:2; Est 2:2, 3; Da 1:4+)

5261 I. מַרְאָה (mǎr·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4759; TWOT 2095g, 2095h—LN 28.28–28.56 vision, i.e., a supernatural revelation from God given as a communication in visual images and verbal content (Ge 46:2; Nu 12:6; 1Sa 3:15; Eze 1:1; 8:3; 40:2; 43:3; Da 10:7,8, 16+), see also 5262; note: see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

5262 II. מַרְאָה (mǎr·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4759; TWOT 2095g—LN 6.221 mirror, i.e., flat piece of polished metal (possibly with an ornamental handle), which makes a reflection for face and hair care (Ex 38:8+), see also 5261

מֹרְאָה (mō·reʾā(h)): see 5286 (Dt 21:20; Ps 78:8)

5263 מֻרְאָה (mǔr·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4760; TWOT 1239b—LN 8.9–8.69 bird’s-crop, i.e., a pouch of a bird’sing. gullet as a receptacle for food, as the first part of digestive process (Lev 1:16+), note: another meaning may the alimentary canal, i.e., the entire tubular digestive canal from the mouth to the anus

5264 מְראוֹן (merʾôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8112;—LN 93-place (loc.) Meron: part of a compound name, Shimron Meron, see 9077

מָרֵאשָׁה (mā·rē(ʾ)·šā(h)) BDB: see 5358 (Jos 15:44+)

מַרְאֲשׁוֹת (mǎr·ʾǎšôṯ) Lisowsky: see 5265

5265 מְרַאֲשׁוֹת (merǎ·ʾǎšôṯ): n.fem.pl. [see also 5265.5]; ≡ Str 4761, 4763;—LN 6.215–6.225 head-rest, pillow, i.e., an object which cradles the head for sleep (Ge 28:11, 18+), note: other sources parse these verses as an adv., see 5265.5

מְרַאֲשׁוֹת (merǎ·ʾǎšôṯ): adv. (of place) [served by 5265]; ≡ Str 4761, 4763;—LN 83.23–83.32 near the head, by the head, at the head, under the head, i.e., pertaining to a place near in proximity to the head (1Sa 19:13, 16; 26:7, 11, 16; 1Ki 19:6; Jer 13:18+); note: some sources repoint 1Sa 26:12 and thus reseparate into preposition מִן (min) + אֲשֶׁר (ʾǎšěr) + 8039

5266 מֵרַב (mē·rǎḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4764;—LN 93-pers. (female) Merab: older daughter of King Saul(1Sa 14:49; 18:17, 19+), note: for MT text in 2Sa 21:8, see 4783

5267 מַרְבַד (mǎr·ḇǎḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4765; TWOT 2102a—LN 6.152–6.187 covering, blanket, i.e., a large piece of fabric or other material used as a coverlet for a bed (Pr 7:16; 31:22+)

5268 מִרְבָּה (mir·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4767; TWOT 2103c—LN 59.11–59.22 large amount, so much, i.e., a great mass or quantity of something (Eze 23:32+), note: in context it refers to an intense event or condition; note: some sources change text to 5269

5269 מַרְבֶּה (mǎr·bě(h)): n.[masc.] [oth hif ptcp.masc. of 8049]; ≡ Str 4766; TWOT 2103b—1. LN 59.48–59.61 abundance, i.e., that which is a large amount of things (Isa 33:23+), note: BDB give part of speech as adv. in this context; 2. LN 78.1–78.27 increase, i.e., augmentation or enlargement in the degree of a state (Isa 9:6[EB 7] Q+), note: see BHS ftn and WBC24:131 for problems and solutions to the MT spelling and letter formation

מַרְבֶּה (mǎr·bě(h)): adv.—see 5269 (Isa 33:23+)

מַרְבַדִּים (mǎr·ḇǎd·dîm) BDB, Lisowsky: see 5267

5270 מַרְבִּית (mǎr·bîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4768; TWOT 2103d—1. LN 63.13–63.20 majority, the most, i.e., a numerically superior number of people as a part of a whole group of people, the rest constituting a minority (1Ch 12:30[EB 29]; 2Ch 30:18+); 2. LN 78.1–78.27 greatness, i.e., the upper range in a scale of extent (2Ch 9:6+); 3. LN 57.189–57.208 profit, i.e., the state or result of buying or bartering at a base value and selling it at a greater value (Lev 25:37+); 4. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: מַרְבִּית בַּיִת (mǎr·bîṯ bǎ·yiṯ) descendants, formally, abundance of your house, i.e., progeny of the very next generation (1Sa 2:33+)

5271 מַרְבֵּץ (mǎr·bēṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4769; TWOT 2109b—LN 85.67–85.85 haunt, lair, shelter, a covered resting place or sheltered area for animals (Eze 25:5; Zep 2:15+)

מִרְבָּץ (mir·bāṣ): see 5271 (Eze 25:5+)

5272 מַרְבֵּק (mǎr·bēq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4770; TWOT 2110a—1. LN 7.63–7.76 animal stall, stable, i.e., holding and feeding pen for large mammals (Mal 3:20[EB 4:2]+); 2. LN 44 fattening, i.e., the state or condition of a gaining of weight for an animal, by putting in a stall so they will not exercise or expend energy and feeding with grain or extra fodder, as a prior condition to butchering (1Sa 28:24; Jer 46:21; Am 6:4+)

5273 מַרְגּוֹעַ (mǎr·gôaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4771; TWOT 2117b—LN 22.35–22.37 rest, i.e., a state of relief from trouble and anxiety, as a figurative extension of a resting place in a spatial area (Jer 6:16+)

מְרַגֵּל (merǎg·gēl): n.masc. [oth piel ptcp. of 8078]; ≡ Str 4771; TWOT 2117b—1. LN 27.34–27.47 spy, scout, explorer, i.e., one who tries to gain information about a new geographical area, usually without great public announcement of true reason for one’s presence (Ge 42:9, 11, 14, 16, 31, 34; Jos 2:1; 6:23; 1Sa 26:4), note: some might place also Ge 42:30; Jos 6:22 as a noun, though context favors verbal ptcp., see 8078; 2. LN 33.189–33.217 secret messenger, i.e., one who covertly gives information or a message at another location (2Sa 15:10+)

5274 מַרְגְּלוֹת (mǎr·gelôṯ): n.[fem.] pl.; ≡ Str 4772; TWOT 2113c—1. LN 8.9–8.69 place of the feet, i.e., a space which is in very close proximity to the feet as a body part (Ru 3:4, 7, 8, 14+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 legs, i.e., the major extension-part of the body from the hips to the feet (Da 10:6+)

5275 מַרְגֵּמָה (mǎr·gē·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4773; TWOT 2114b—1. LN 20.61–20.88 stoning, i.e., the act. or result of executing a person by throwing fist-sized stones at them, as a figurative extension a place of stoning (Pr 26:8+), note: the verb “tying” would be given the meaning “wrapping (with a soft material)” and so make the stoning ineffective, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.29–6.40 sling, i.e., a weapon used to thrown rocks, usually with straps and a pocket in the middle (Pr 26:8+); 3. LN 2.14–2.28 stone-pile, i.e., a pile of rocks (Pr 26:8+), note: context is best served by “stoning” as the meaning

5276 מַרְגֵּעָה (mǎr·gē·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4774; TWOT 2117c—LN 22.35–22.37 resting, repose, i.e., the state of relief and rest from bad circumstances as a figurative extension of a resting-place as a spatial area (Isa 28:12+)

מרד (mrd): see 5277

5277 מָרַד (mā·rǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 4775; TWOT 1240—LN 39.34–39.41 (qal) rebel, revolt, i.e., to disobey or oppose or resist one in authority, implying forethought to the action (Ge 14:4; Nu 14:9; Jos 22:16, 18, 19,29; 2Ki 18:7, 20; 24:1, 20; 2Ch 13:6; 36:13; Ne 2:19; 6:6; 9:26; Job 24:13; Isa 36:5; Jer 52:3; Eze 2:3; 17:15; 20:38; Da 9:5, 9+)

5278 I. מֶרֶד (mě·rěḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4777; TWOT 1240a—LN 39.34–39.41 rebellion, revolt, i.e., an act. or state of disobedience, opposition, or resistance to one in authority (Jos 22:22+)

5279 II. מֶרֶד (mě·rěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4778;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mered: of Judah (1Ch 4:17, 18+)

מִרְדָּה (mir·dā(h)) BDB: n.fem.; ≡ Str 4778;—LN 37.48–37.95 dominion, rule, a state of governing (Isa 14:6 cj+), note: for MT text, see 5284

5280 מַרְדּוּת (mǎr·dûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4780; TWOT 1240b—1. LN 39.34–39.41 rebellion, revolt, i.e., an act. or state of disobedience, opposition, or resistance to one in authority (1Sa 20:30+); 2. LN 33.387–33.403 unit: בֵּן עָוָה הַ־ מַרְדּוּת (bēn ʿā·wā(h) hǎ- mǎr·dûṯ) (TLB) son of a bitch, (NLT) son of a whore, formally, son of a perverse and rebellious woman, i.e., a person of very low status, naming one as a class of person of insult and shame (1Sa 20:30+)

מְרֹדַך (merō·ḏǎḵ): see 213, 5281, 5282

5281 מְרֹדָךְ (merō·ḏāḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4781; TWOT 1241—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Merodach (NIV Marduk): Babylonian god (Jer 50:2+)

5282 מְרֹדַךְ־בַּלְאֲדָן (merō·ḏǎḵ-·bǎl·ʾǎḏān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4757;—LN 93-pers. (male) Merodach-Baladan: king of Babylon (Isa 39:1+), note: for MT text in 2Ki 20:12, see 1347

5283 מָרְדֳּכַי (mār·dǒḵǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4782;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mordecai: 1. Esther’s cousin and foster father (Est 2:5–10:3 passim+) 2. returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:2; Ne 7:7+)

מָרְדְּכַי (mār·deḵǎy) BDB: see 5283

5284 מֻרְדָּף (mǔr·dāp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4783; TWOT 2124a—LN 39.45–39.46 persecution, i.e., aggressive systematic oppression of another (Isa 14:6+), note: for cj in BDB, see 5279.5

5285 מָרָּה (mār·rā(h)): ; ≡ Str 4787; TWOT 1248c—LN 25.23–25.250 bitterness, i.e., the state of misery and mental distress and anguish (Pr 14:10+), see also 5289

מרה (mrh): see 5286

5286 I. מָרָה (mā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 4784; TWOT 1242—LN 39.34–39.41 (qal) rebel, defy, become disobedient, i.e., be openly defiant of an authority, implying hostility, including not obeying a command (Dt 21:18), see also domain LN 36.12–36.30; (hif) act. as a rebel, defy by one’s action (Ps 78:56), note: for NIV text in 2Ki 14:26, see 5253

5287 II. מָרָה (mā·rā(h)): adj.fem.—see 5253 (Pr 5:4)

5288 III. מָרָה (mā·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4785;—LN 93-place (loc.) Marah: stopping place on route from Egypt with bitter water (Ex 15:23; Nu 33:8, 9+)

5289 מֹרָה (mō·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4786; TWOT 1248d—LN 25.23–25.250 bitterness, i.e., the state of misery and mental distress and anguish (Ge 26:35+), see also 5285

מֹרֶה (mō·rě(h)) BDB: see 3721 or 4622 (Pr 6:13; Dt 11:30)

5290 מַרְהֵבָה (mǎr·hē·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4062; TWOT 2125d—LN 39.47–39.50 attack, assault, i.e., raging behavior which oppresses and subdues (Isa 14:4 cj+), note: for MT text, see 4502

5291 מָרוּד (mā·rûḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4788; TWOT 2129a—1. LN 15.18–15.26 wandering, homeless, i.e., the state or condition of going from place to place with no particular plan, as a condition of poverty (La 1:7; 3:19+); 2. LN 15.18–15.26 wanderer, i.e., one who is homeless and travels from place to place, as one who is destitute (Isa 58:7+)

5292 מֵרוֹז (mē·rôz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4789;—LN 93-place (loc.) Meroz: place in Galilee (Jdg 5:23+)

5293 מָרוֹחַ (mā·rôaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4790;—LN 19.43–19.54 crushing, smashing, i.e., the act. of pressing a part of the body until very badly damaged (Lev 21:20+), note: by changing the pointing the word might read “swollenness” in regard to an inflamed body part

5294 מָרוֹם (mā·rôm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4791; TWOT 2133h—1. LN 1.46–1.50 height, high-place, i.e., an elevated area of land, often with the associative meaning of an advantaged, desirable area (Jdg 5:18; 2Ki 19:23; Job 5:11; Pr 8:2; 9:3, 14; Isa 22:16; 26:5; 33:16; 37:24; Jer 31:12; 49:16; 51:53; Eze 17:23; 20:40; 34:14; Ob 3; Hab 2:9+); 2. LN 1.5–1.16 heights of heaven, on high, i.e., the place where God dwells, as a very high place in or above the highest sky area (2Sa 22:17; Job 16:19; 25:2; 31:2; Ps 7:8[EB 7]; 18:17[EB 16]; 68:19[EB 18]; 71:19; 75:6[EB 5]; 93:4; 102:20[EB 19]; 144:7; 148:1; Isa 24:18, 21; 32:15; 33:5; 38:14; 40:26; 57:15; 58:4; Jer 25:30; La 1:13+); 3. LN 88.206–88.222 pride, formally, height or loftiness, i.e., an improper haughty attitude of arrogance as a figurative extension of a spatially high object (2Ki 19:22; Ps 10:5; 56:3[EB 2]; 73:8; Isa 37:23+); 4. LN 87.19–87.57 exaltation, i.e., a legitimate state of giving honor and ascribing high status to a person (Ps 92:9[EB 8]; Jer 17:12; Mic 6:6+); 5. LN 87.1–87.3 high position, i.e., a place of high rank or status (Ecc 10:6+); 6. LN 87.19–87.57 unit: מָרוֹם עַם (mā·rôm ʿǎm)2 honored person, i.e., a person of high rank or status (Isa 24:4+)

5295 מֵרוֹם (mē·rôm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4792;—LN 93-place (loc.) Merom: in the center of the mountains of Upper Galilee near Mt. Merom (Jos 11:5, 7+)

מְרוֹן (merôn): see 9074, 9075

5296 מֵרוֹץ (mē·rôṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4793; TWOT 2137a—LN 50 foot race, i.e., a running competition between two or more athletes (Ecc 9:11+)

5297 I. מְרוּצָה (merû·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4794; TWOT 2137b—1. LN 15.230–15.237 running, i.e., a manner or mode of linear movement with greater speed than walking (2Sa 18:27+); 2. LN 1.99–1.105 course, i.e., a particular linear direction of an object moving from one point to another, but not used over and over, such as a path (Jer 8:6+), note: the reference is to a wayward lifestyle; 3. LN 41.29–41.43 course of life, i.e., a particular pattern of behavior as a figurative extension of a linear course (Jer 23:10+)

5298 II. מְרוּצָה (merû·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4835; TWOT 2212b—LN 57.232–57.248 extortion, oppression, i.e., steal money from others by illicit financial dealings from a position of strength (Jer 22:17+)

מָרוּק (mā·rûq) BDB: see 5299

5299 מְרוּקִים (merû·qîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4795; TWOT 1246a—LN 49 beauty treatments, i.e., therapy done to adorn and enhance the beauty of a harem girl, including massage and ointments (Est 2:12+)

מְרוֹרָה (merô·rā(h)) Holladay: see 5355 (Job 20:25+)

5300 מָרוֹת (mā·rôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4796;—LN 93-place (loc.) Maroth: site in Judah (Mic 1:12+)

5301 מַרְזֵחַ (mǎr·zēaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4797, 4798; TWOT 2140a—1. LN 52 funeral meal, wake, i.e., a meal given as part of the burial ceremonies (Jer 16:5+); note: see also domain LN 23.1–23.39, note: some sources translate “mourning cry” with no meal or “feast” included; 2. LN 23.1–23.39 feast, i.e., a meal where one indulges in excess of drink and food, possibly implying a cultic feast (Am 6:7+), note: some sources translate “cry of revelry” with no “food” in the translation

מִרְזֵחַ (mir·zēaḥ): see 5301 (Am 6:7+)

מרח (mrḥ): see 5302

5302 מָרַח (mā·rǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 4799; TWOT 1243—LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) rub, i.e., a motion of spreading on or rubbing a mass of something on an object, and so applying on an object (Isa 38:21+)

5303 מֶרְחָב (měr·ḥāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4800; TWOT 2143c—1. LN 81.15–81.19 spacious place, roomy place, i.e., a broad and relatively vast place as an indefinite space, with the associative meaning of comfort or possibly safety and freedom (2Sa 22:20; Ps 18:20[EB 19]; 31:9[EB 8]; 118:5+); 2. LN 1.95–1.98 meadow, open pasture, formally, spacious place, i.e., an open area for grazing of flocks and herds (Hos 4:16+); 3. LN 1.39–1.45 vast expanses, large range of land, i.e., very large areas of land, implied to be virtually limitless (Hab 1:6+), note: NIV translates “whole”

מֶרְחַבְיָה (měr·ḥǎḇ·yā(h)) BDB: see 5304

5304 מֶרְחָבְיָה (měr·ḥāḇ·yā(h)): n.pr.—see 5303 + 3363 (Ps 118:5+)

5305 מֶרְחָק (měr·ḥāq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4801; TWOT 2151c—1. LN 81.12–81.14 distance place, afar, i.e., an area which is far off from a point of reference (Pr 31:14; Isa 10:3; Eze 23:40; Zec 10:9+), see also domain LN 85.1–85.31; 2. LN 81.12–81.14 distance, afar, i.e., an amount of separation between two spatial points (2Sa 15:17; Pr 25:25; Isa 8:9; 13:5; 17:13; 30:27; 33:17; 46:11; Jer 4:16; 5:15; 6:20; 8:19; 31:10+); 3. LN 34.40–34.41 alienation, formally, afar, i.e., a state of no longer being in close association (Ps 138:6+)

5306 מַרְחֶשֶׁת (mǎr·ḥě·šěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4802; TWOT 2152a—LN 6.118–6.151 cooking pan, pot, griddle, i.e., a cooking vessel, context may suggest a shallow pan like a griddle (Lev 2:7; 7:9+), note: some sources “with a cover;”

מרט (mrṭ): see 5307

5307 מָרַט (mā·rǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 4178, 4803; TWOT 1244—1. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) pull off, i.e., a movement to remove objects off the surface of an area by force (pulling or rubbing), with a focus that the result is a smooth, bare area, especially with no hair (Ezr 9:3; Ne 13:25; Isa 50:6+); (qal pass.) be rubbed raw (Eze 29:18+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 (pual) be smooth-skinned, i.e., pertaining to having no body hair (Isa 18:2, 7+); (nif) lose one’s hair, become bald (Lev 13:40, 41+); 3. LN 79.84–79.87 (qal) be polished, i.e., pertaining to the surface of an object being smooth and shiny, and so having a beautiful appearance (Eze 21:16a[EB 11a]+), note: in context of a weapon, it refers to the sharpness and readiness of the weapon, see also domain LN 79.95–79.96; (qal pass.) polished (Eze 21:14[EB 9],33[EB 28]+); (pual) polished, be burnished (1Ki 7:45; Eze 21:15[EB 10],16b[EB 11b]+)

5308 מְרִי (merî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4805; TWOT 1242a—1. LN 39.34–39.41 rebellion, revolt, i.e., an act. or state of disobedience, opposition, or resistance to one in authority (Dt 31:27; 1Sa 15:23; Ne 9:17; Job 23:2; Pr 17:11; Isa 30:9; Eze 2:5, 6, 7, 8; 3:9, 26, 27; 12:2,3, 9, 25; 17:12; 24:3; 44:6+); 2. LN 88.198–88.205 bitterness, i.e., of great mental distress, implying animosity and loathing against another (Job 23:2+); 3. LN 39.34–39.41 unit: בֵּן מְרִי (bēn merî) rebel, formally, son of rebellion, i.e., one in a state of revolt, implying a guilty or sinful state (Nu 17:25[EB 10]+)

מְרִי־בַעַל (merî-·ḇǎ·ʿǎl) BDB: see 5311

5309 מְרִיא (merî(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4806; TWOT 1239a—LN 4.1–4.37 fattened animal, i.e., a relatively young mammal (usually of the bovine species), weaned animal choice for consumption (2Sa 6:13; 1Ki 1:9, 19, 25; Isa 1:11; 11:6; Eze 39:18; Am 5:22+), note: for Isa 11:6 cj as verb, see 5258

5310 מֵרִיב (mē·rîḇ): n.pr.—see 5311

5311 מְרִיב בַּעַל (merîḇ bǎ·ʿǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4807, 4810;—LN 93-pers. (male) Merib-Baal: son of Jonathan and grandson of Saul (1Ch 8:34; 9:40+), see also 5136, 5136.5, 5314

5312 I. מְרִיבָה (merî·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4808; TWOT 2159c—1. LN 33.446–33.454 quarreling, verbal strife, i.e., words of conflict that can lead to feelings of strife or actions of hostility (Ge 13:8+); 2. LN 39.34–39.41 rebellion, i.e., a deliberate, willful rejection of authority, which has a focus on feelings of strife and actions against the authority (Nu 27:14+)

5313 II. מְרִיבָה (merî·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4809;—LN 93-place (loc.) Meribah: 1. site in Kadesh Barnea where Moses drew water from a rock (Nu 20:13, 24; Dt 33:8; Ps 81:8[EB 7]; 106:32+), see also 2. place near rock at Horeb related to Moses and water (Ex 17:7; Ps 95:8+), note: oth see same as 1., note: see also 5001, 5315

5314 מְרִי־בַעַל (merî-·ḇǎ·ʿǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4807;—LN 93-pers. (male) Meri-Baal: (most versions) Merib-Baal, i.e., son of Jonathan and grandson of Saul (1Ch 9:40b+), see also 5311

5315 מְרִיבַת קָדֵשׁ (merî·ḇǎṯ qā·ḏēš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4809, 6946;—LN 93-place (loc.) Meribah Kadesh: site in Kadesh Barnea where Moses drew water from a rock (Nu 27:14; Dt 32:51; Eze 47:19; 48:28+), see also 5313

5316 מְרָיָה (merā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4811;—LN 93-pers. (male) Meraiah: priestly head in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 12:12+)

5317 מֹרִיָּה (mō·riy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4179;—LN 93-place (a mountain and territory) Moriah: area on and around the temple mount (Ge 22:2; 2Ch 3:1+)

5318 מְרָיוֹת (merāy·wōṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4812;—LN 93-pers. (male) Meraioth: 1. An ancestor of Ezra (Ezr 7:3+) 2. ancestor of returnees from captivity (1Ch 5:32[EB 6:6],33[EB 6:7]; 6:37[EB 52]; 9:11; Ne 11:11+) 3. another priestly head in the days of Nehemiah, (Ne 12:15+), note: for NIV text, see 5329(4.)

5319 מִרְיָם (mir·yām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4813;—LN 93-pers. Miriam: 1. sister of Moses (Ex 15:20, 21; Nu 12:1–15 passim; 20:1; 26:59; Dt 24:9; 1Ch 5:29[EB 6:3]; Mic 6:4+) 2. of Judah by Caleb (1Ch 4:17+), note: possibly a female

5320 מְרִירוּת (merî·rûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4814; TWOT 1248i—LN 25.288–25.296 bitterness, bitter grief, i.e., the state of mental anguish, with a focus on personal despondency to a situation (Eze 21:11[EB 6]+)

5321 מְרִירִי (merî·rî): adj.; ≡ Str 4815; TWOT 1248h—LN 23.88–23.128 deadly, formally, bitter, i.e., pertaining to a pandemic disease that kills (Dt 32:24+)

מְרִירִים (merî·rîm): n.masc.pl.—see 3869 + 4025 (Job 3:5+)

5322 מֹרֶךְ (mō·rěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4816; TWOT 2164c—LN 25.251–25.269 fearfulness, timidity, i.e., a state or condition of fear (Lev 26:36+), note: some translate “despondency,” as a state of timid discouragement, see also domain LN 25.288–25.296

5323 מֶרְכָּב (měr·kāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4817; TWOT 2163e—1. LN 6.106–6.117 seat, i.e., what one sits on when riding (Lev 15:9; SS 3:10+), note: in context this can be either a saddle directly on a large mammal, or a padded seat on a vehicle; 2. LN 6.52–6.53 war-chariot, i.e., a wheeled, horse-drawn vehicle (1Ki 5:6[EB 4:26]+), note: KB, Holladay, gives meaning as “chariot-park” as the area that the chariots reside, as a kind of parking lot, see also domain LN 85.67–85.85

5324 מֶרְכָּבָה (měr·kā·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4818; TWOT 2163f—LN 6.52–6.53 chariot, i.e., a vehicle for war, travel, or ceremony (Ge 41:43; 46:29; Ex 14:25; 15:4; Jos 11:6, 9; Jdg 4:15; 5:28; 1Sa 8:11; 2Sa 15:1; 1Ki 7:33; 10:29; 12:18; 20:33; 22:35; 2Ki 5:21, 26; 9:27; 10:15; 23:11; 1Ch 28:18; 2Ch 1:17; 9:25; 10:18; 14:8[EB 9]; 18:34; 35:24; SS 6:12; Isa 2:7; 22:18; 66:15; Jer 4:13; Joel 2:5; Mic 1:13; 5:9[EB 10]; Na 3:2; Hab 3:8; Hag 2:22; Zec 6:1, 2,3+)

5325 מַרְכָּבוֹת (mǎr·kā·ḇôṯ): n.pr.—LN 93-place (loc.) Marcaboth: part of a compound name, Beth Marcaboth, see 1112

5326 מַרְכֹּלֶת (mǎr·kō·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4819; TWOT 2165c—LN 57.189–57.208 marketplace, i.e., the place of doing business, usually with many a bazaar setting, with many small shops (Eze 27:24+), note: some sources translate as “merchandizing,” and so focus on the act. of doing trade and business

5327 I. מִרְמָה (mir·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4820; TWOT 2169b—LN 31.8–31.13 deceit, deception, dishonesty, treachery, i.e., the state or condition of deliberately misleading, and so have someone have a false view, in either words or actions (Ge 27:35; 34:13; 2Ki 9:23; Job 15:35; 31:5; Ps 5:7[EB 6]; 10:7; 17:1; 24:4; 34:14[EB 13]; 35:20; 36:4[EB 3]; 38:13[EB 12]; 43:1; 50:19; 52:6[EB 4]; 55:12[EB 11],24[EB 23]; 109:2; Pr 11:1; 12:5, 17, 20; 14:8, 25; 20:23; 26:24; Isa 53:9; Jer 5:27; 9:5[EB 6],7[EB 8]; Da 8:25; 11:23; Hos 12:1[EB 11:12], 8[EB 7]; Am 8:5; Mic 6:11; Zep 1:9+), see also domain LN 33.251–33.255, LN 88.152–88.159, LN 70

5328 II. מִרְמָה (mir·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4821;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mirmah: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:10+)

5329 מְרֵמוֹת (merē·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4822;—LN 93-pers. (male) Meremoth: 1. treasurer of the second temple and wall builder (Ezr 8:33; Ne 3:4, 21+) 2. divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:36+) 3. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:6[EB 5]+) 4. priestly head in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 12:3+), note: for MT text in Ne 12:15, see 5318(3.)

מִרְמַס (mir·mǎs) BDB: see 5330 (Isa 7:25; Eze 34:19)

5330 מִרְמָס (mir·mās): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4823; TWOT 2176a—1. LN 19.43–19.54 trampling down, treading upon, i.e., the act. of stepping down forcefully upon an object, often implying harm or destruction to the object (Isa 5:5; 10:6; 28:18; Da 8:13; Mic 7:10+); 2. LN 1.95–1.98 pasture, formally, place of treading upon, i.e., an area of land that is grazed on (Isa 7:25+); 3. LN 19.43–19.54 thing treaded upon, i.e., an object which is violently stepped on (Eze 34:19+)

5331 מֵרֹנֹתִי (mē·rō·nō·ṯî): n.pr. [Holladay: of loc.]; ≡ Str 4824;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Meronothite: people of an area in Naphtali, an unidentified area called Meronoth (1Ch 27:30; Ne 3:7+), note: BDB divides into two entries

5332 מֶרֶס (mě·rěs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4825;—LN 93-pers. (male) Meres: close advisor of King Xerxes (Est 1:14+)

5333 מַרְסְנָא (mǎr·senā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4826;—LN 93-pers. (male) Marsena: close advisor of King Xerxes (Est 1:14+)

מֵרַע (mē·rǎʿ)[1] Lisowsky: see 5336

5334 מֵרַע (mē·rǎʿ): n.[masc.] [BDB: subst.ptcp. see 8317]; ≡ Str 4827; TWOT 2186f—LN 88.105–88.125 evil deed, atrocity, i.e., an action which is morally corrupt according to a standard or guide (Da 11:27+)

5335 I. מֵרֵעַ (mē·rēaʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4828; TWOT 2186f—1. LN 34.1–34.21 companion, friend, i.e., one in close association and whom one has personal regard for (Jdg 14:11, 20; 15:2, 6; 2Sa 3:8; Job 6:14; Pr 19:7+), note: Job 6:14 some parse as prep. 4946 + 8276; 2. LN 33.294–33.298 personal advisor, i.e., one who tells another what to do as counsel or strong suggestion, with a focus on a strong association with the superior (Ge 26:26+), see also domain LN 34.1–34.21

5336 II. מֵרֵעַ (mē·rēaʿ): n.masc. [oth hif ptcp.masc.sing. of 8317]; ≡ Str 7489; TWOT 2191, 2192—LN 88.105–88.125 evil-doer, i.e., one who acts morally corrupt according to a standard or guide (Job 8:20; Ps 22:17[EB 16]; 26:5; 27:2; 37:1, 9; 64:3[EB 2]; 92:12[EB 11]; 94:16; 119:115; Pr 17:4; 24:19; Isa 1:4; 9:16[EB 17]; 14:20; 31:2; Jer 20:13; 23:14+)

5337 מִרְעֶה (mir·ʿě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4829; TWOT 2185b—LN 1.95–1.98 pasture, pasturage, grazing place, i.e., a place where herding animals range and forage for food (Ge 47:4; 1Ch 4:39, 40, 41; Job 39:8; Isa 32:14; La 1:6; Eze 34:14,18; Joel 1:18; Na 2:12[EB 11]+)

5338 מַרְעִית (mǎr·ʿîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4830; TWOT 2185c—1. LN 1.95–1.98 pasture, pasturage, grazing place, i.e., a place where herding animals range and forage for food (Ps 74:1; 79:13; 95:7; 100:3; Isa 49:9; Jer 23:1; 25:36; Eze 34:31; Hos 13:6+); 2. LN 4.1–4.37 flock, formally, pasture, i.e., a collective group of herding, ranging small-mammals (Jer 10:21+), note: in some contexts “pasture” has the associative meaning of care and concern for the herding animals

5339 מַרְעֲלָה (mǎr·ʿǎlā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4831;—LN 93-place (loc.) Maralah: site in Zebulun, N of Megiddo or (Jos 19:11+)

5340 I. מַרְפֵּא (mǎr·pē(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4832; TWOT 2196c—1. LN 23.129–23.141 health, i.e., a state lacking disease and weakness (Pr 4:22+); 2. LN 13.48–13.68 restoration, formally, health, i.e., a change of state as a figurative extension of the healing process (Pr 12:18; 13:17; 15:4; 16:24; Jer 14:19a; 33:6; Mal 3:20[EB 4:2]+), note: this change of state may include a change in physical health, but it is not the focus; 3. LN 23.129–23.141 unit: אַיִן מַרְפֵּא (ʾǎ·yin mǎr·pē(ʾ))1 incurability, formally, no remedy, i.e., the condition or process of not being able to bring restoration of health (2Ch 21:18+); 4. LN 13.48–13.68 unit: אַיִן מַרְפֵּא (ʾǎ·yin mǎr·pē(ʾ))1 without remedy, i.e., not having a change of state as a figurative extension of incurability of a disease or wound (2Ch 36:16; Pr 6:15; 29:1+); 5. LN 22.42–22.47 unit: עֵת מַרְפֵּא (ʿēṯ mǎr·pē(ʾ))1 peaceful state, formally, time of healing, i.e., a favorable circumstance as a figurative extension of a time of health restoration (Jer 8:15; 14:19b+), note: for another interp in Pr 15:4, see 5341; see also 5342

5341 II. מַרְפֵּא (mǎr·pē(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4832; TWOT 2196c—1. LN 25.80–25.84 calmness, composure, i.e., a peaceful, contented emotional state or attitude, not angry or worried (Pr 14:30; Ecc 10:4+); 2. LN 88.59–88.65 gentleness, mildness, i.e., an attitude and behavior which is not harsh in word or deed (Pr 15:4+), for another interp, see 5340

5342 מַרְפֵּה (mǎr·pē(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4832; TWOT 2196c—LN 25.80–25.84 peace, formally, healing, i.e., a peaceful, contented emotional state or attitude, not angry or worried, as an extension of being in or toward a state of health (Jer 8:15+), see also 5340

מַרְפֵּשׂ (mǎr·pēś) BDB: see 5343

5343 מִרְפָּשׂ (mir·pāś): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4833; TWOT 2199a—LN 1.69–1.78 mud puddle, muddied pool, formally, what is trampled, i.e., a body of water that is fouled and not fit for drinking (Eze 34:19+)

מרץ (mrṣ): see 5344

5344 מָרַץ (mā·rǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 4834; TWOT 1245—LN 25.23–25.250 (nif) painful, hurtful, i.e., be in a state of mental distress or anxiety (1Ki 2:8; Job 6:25; Mic 2:10+); (hif) disturb, bring pain (Job 16:3+)

מְרֻצָה (merǔ·ṣā(h)) BDB: see 5297 (2Sa 18:27; Jer 8:6+)

מְרֻצָותָם (merǔ·ṣāw·ṯām): see 5297 (Jer 8:6+)

מְרַצֵּחַ (merǎṣ·ṣēaḥ): n.masc. [oth piel ptcp. of 8357; ≡ Str 4834; TWOT 1245—LN 20.61–20.88 murderer, i.e., one who kills not by accident (2Ki 6:32; Isa 1:21+)

5345 מַרְצֵעַ (mǎr·ṣēaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4836; TWOT 2209a—LN 6.54–6.67 awl, i.e., a small, sharp instrument for piercing or marking leather, wood, or possibly stone (Ex 21:6; Dt 15:17+)

5346 מַרְצֶפֶת (mǎr·ṣě·p̄ěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4837; TWOT 2210b—LN 7.63–7.76 base, i.e., a flat layer of heavy building material used as the foundation for holding a heavy object (2Ki 16:17+), note: some sources translate “pavement.”

מרק (mrq): see 5347

5347 מָרַק (mā·rǎq): v.; ≡ Str 4838; TWOT 1246—1. LN 79.84–79.87 (qal) polish, i.e., rub metal with an agent to make the metal free of impurities, smooth, and so shiny (Jer 46:4+); (qal pass.) be polished (2Ch 4:16+); 2. LN 47.8–47.13 (pual) be thoroughly scoured, i.e., cleanse a pan by using application and rinsing and rubbing with a cleansing agent (Lev 6:21[EB 28]+); 3. LN 13.48–13.68 (hif) remove, formally, cleanse, i.e., cause a state to no longer exist as a figurative extension of cleansing dirt and impurities from a wound (Pr 20:30+), note: Pr 20:30 K, for Q, see 9475

מָרַק (mā·rǎq) Holladay, Lisowsky: n.masc.—see 5348

5348 מָרָק (mā·rāq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4839; TWOT 1247a—LN 5.1–5.22 broth, consomme, i.e., the juice stewed out of meat as a food (Jdg 6:19, 20; Isa 65:4 Q+), note: in Eze 24:10 for MT text, see 5350

5349 מֶרְקָח (měr·qāḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4840; TWOT 2215f—LN 3.33–3.46 (pl.) aromatic herbs, scented spices, i.e., plants (both seeds and leaves) harvested and dried for aromatic qualities (SS 5:13+), note: NIV translates “perfumes” as the result of processing the aromatic herbs

5350 מֶרְקָחָה (měr·qā·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4841; TWOT 2215g—1. LN 6.118–6.151 ointment jar, i.e., a container to hold and mix oil-based perfumes (Job 41:23[EB 31]+); 2. LN 5.23–5.28 spices, i.e., condiments for making food tasty (Eze 24:10+), note: some sources parse as hif of 8379; note: for cj, see 5348; note: for other text solutions, see WBC29:55

5351 מִרְקַחַת (mir·qǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4842; TWOT 2215h—LN 6.205–6.212 fragrant ointment, blend of perfumes, i.e., an oil-based mixture of fragrant spices (Ex 30:25; 1Ch 9:30; 2Ch 16:14+)

מרר (mrr): see 5352

5352 מָרַר (mā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 4843; TWOT 1248—1. LN 79.39–79.44 (qal) be bitter, i.e., be in a state of a certain pungent, usually unpleasant taste (Isa 24:9+); 2. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) suffer anguish, formally, be bitter, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of great suffering and anguish as an extension of the recoiling of tasting bitter food or drink, in some contexts there is an implication of a despising or even hating one’s circumstance or opponent (Ru 1:13; 1Sa 30:6; 2Ki 4:27; Jer 4:18; La 1:4+); (piel) be quite bitter (Ex 1:14; Isa 22:4+); (hif) grieve bitterly (Ru 1:20; Job 27:2; Zec 12:10+); 3. LN 88.198–88.205 (piel) be quite bitter (Ge 49:23+); (hif) act. in angry manner (Ex 23:21+), note: NIV translates “rebel”; (hitpalpel) be furious, enrage oneself, i.e., be in a hateful condition (Da 8:7; 11:11+), note: some of these contexts can be parsed as 5253

5353 מָרֹר (mā·rōr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4844; TWOT 1248e—1. LN 5.1–5.22 bitter plant, i.e., some eatable plant or root of a plant with a bitter taste, possibly a variety of lettuce (Ex 12:8; Nu 9:11; La 3:15+); 2. LN 79.39–79.44 bitterness, i.e., the state of a taste sensation that is acrid, astringent, and disagreeable (Dt 32:32+), note: Job 13:26, see 5355

5354 מְרֵרָה (merē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4845; TWOT 1248g—LN 8.70–8.77 gall, bile, i.e., a bitter liquid substance from the liver which is stored in the gall-bladder (Job 16:13+)

5355 מְרֹרָה (merō·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4846; TWOT 1248f—1. LN 8.9–8.69 gall-bladder, i.e., a membranous muscular sack in which bile (a bitter substance) from the liver is stored (Job 20:25+), note: NIV translates “liver”; 2. LN 8.70–8.77 venom, i.e., the poison of snakes (Job 20:14+); 3. LN 22.21–22.28 unit: כָּתַב מָרֹר (kā·ṯǎḇ mā·rōr) place in a bitter situation, make one miserable, formally, write down (decree) bitter things, i.e., cause hardship or distress (Job 13:26+), note: some parse this as 5353

5356 I. מְרָרִי (merā·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4847;—LN 93-pers. (male) Merari: son of Levi (Ge 46:11), see also 5357

5357 II. מְרָרִי (merā·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4848;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Merarite: pertaining to Merari (Nu 3:33, 35; 26:57+), see also 5356

מְרֹרִים (merō·rîm) Lisowsky: see 5353

5358 I. מָרֵשָׁה (mā·rē·šā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4762;—LN 93-place (loc.) Mareshah: town in the western foothills of Judah, (Jos 15:44; 2Ch 11:8; 14:8[EB 9],9[EB 10]; 20:37; Mic 1:15+)

5359 II. מָרֵשָׁה (mā·rē·šā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4762;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mareshah: 1. of Judah by Caleb (1Ch 2:42+) 2. another of Judah by Caleb (1Ch 4:21+)

5360 מִרְשַׁעַת (mir·šǎ·ʿǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4849; TWOT 2222d—LN 58.63–58.69 wicked example, model of evil, formally, wickedness, i.e., one who is a prior example for a wicked behavior (2Ch 24:7+), note: see also domain LN 88.105–88.125

מֹרַשְׁתִּי (mō·rǎš·tî) Holladay, BDB: see 4629

5361 מְרָתַיִם (merā·ṯǎ·yim): n.pr. [oth n.fem. dual or n.pr.fem.]; ≡ Str 4850;—LN 93-place (terr) Merathaim: symbolic pejorative name for land of Babylon (Jer 50:21+)

5362 I. מַשָּׂא (mǎś·śā(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4853; TWOT 1421d, 1421e—1. LN 15.187–15.211 burden, load, i.e., what is carried about, with a focus on the effort needed to transport them (Ex 23:5), note: Jer 23:33, 34, 36, 38; Eze 12:10 NIV translates as 5363; 2. LN 15.187–15.211 carrying, i.e., the act. of transporting a burden from one place to another (Nu 4:27); 3. LN 22.21–22.28 burden, i.e., that which causes hardship or distress as a figurative extension of the weariness occurring when carrying a load (Nu 11:11); 4. LN 33.109–33.116 singing, i.e., the making of music with the voice, as a figurative extension of the act. of lifting the voice (1Ch 15:27); 5. LN 25.12–25.32 desire, i.e., something that is a strong yearning and longing in one’s heart (Eze 24:25); 6. LN 57.178–57.185 tribute, i.e., a forced payment of a submissive nation to a superior nation (2Ch 17:11); 7. LN 22.21–22.28 oppression, hardship, formally, burden, i.e., that which causes hardship and distress (Hos 8:10); 8. LN 81.20–81.24 unit: מַשָּׂא (mǎś·śā(ʾ)) … גָּמָל (gā·māl) camel-load, i.e., large amount of goods as a unit of measure (2Ki 8:9)

5363 II. מַשָּׂא (mǎś·śā(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4853; TWOT 1421d—LN 33.69–33.108 oracle, pronouncement, i.e., a prophetic utterance with a focus on the content of the prophesy (2Ki 9:25), note: Jer 23:33, 34, 36, 38; Eze 12:10 some translate as 5362

5364 III. מַשָּׂא (mǎś·śā(ʾ)): n.pr. [oth gent. or terr]; ≡ Str 4854;—LN 93-pers. (male) Massa: of Ishmael (Ge 25:14; 1Ch 1:30+)

5365 מַשֹּׂא (mǎś·śō(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4856; TWOT 1421f—LN 30.75–30.85 partiality, bias, prejudice, i.e., the incorrect discrimination or preference of making judgments based on factors other than the facts pertinent to a just decision, as a figurative extension of “looking (lifting up) at an appearance (face)” (2Ch 19:7+)

5366 מַשָּׂאָה (mǎś·śā·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4858; TWOT 1421g—LN 1.34–1.38 cloud, i.e., a mass of particulates free floating together, dense enough to be opaque to radiant light (Isa 30:27+), see also 5368

5367 מַשְׂאוֹת (mǎś·ʾôṯ): ; ≡ Str 4864; TWOT 1421h—see 5363, 5368, 5951 La 2:14, see 5363; Ge 43:34ac; Eze 20:40, see 5368; Eze 17:9, see 5951

מַשֻּׂאוֹת (mǎś·śǔ·ʾôṯ) Lisowsky: see 5397

5368 מַשְׂאֵת (mǎś·ʾēṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4864; TWOT 1421h—1. LN 63.13–63.20 portion, i.e., a part or share of something (Ge 43:34+), note: in context a serving of a meal to an individual; 2. LN 1.34–1.38 cloud of smoke, i.e., a mass of particulates free floating together, dense enough to be opaque to radiant light (Jdg 20:38, 40+); 3. LN 16 lifting up, i.e., the motion of raising the hands up or over the head (Ps 141:2+), note: in context as an act. of prayer or worship; 4. LN 33.476–33.489 signal, i.e., a non-verbal sound that communicates a message (Jer 6:1+); 5. LN 22.21–22.28 burden, i.e., that which causes hardship or distress (Zep 3:18+); 6. LN 57.71–57.124 gift, i.e., a token of gratitude given as a present (2Sa 11:8; Est 2:18; Jer 40:5; Eze 20:40+); 7. LN 57.178–57.185 tax, i.e., a forced payment to a governmental ruler (2Ch 24:6, 9; Am 5:11+), see also 5366

5369 I. מִשְׂגָּב (miś·gāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4869; TWOT 2234a—1. LN 85.67–85.85 stronghold, fortress, refuge, i.e., an inaccessible, secure place possibly up high in rim-rock where one may dwell or reside, with a focus on safety and security of the area (Isa 33:16; Jer 48:1+), note: for Jer 48:1 as n.pr., see 5370; 2. LN 21.9–21.13 security, formally, stronghold, i.e., a state or condition of being safe from danger or peril as a figurative extension of being in a safe structure or high ground (2Sa 22:3; Ps 9:10[EB 9]; 18:3[EB 2]; 46:8[EB 7],12[EB 11]; 48:4[EB 3]; 59:10[EB 9],17[EB 16],18[EB 17]; 62:3[EB 2],7[EB 6]; 94:22; 144:2+); 3. LN 7.59–7.62 unit: מִשְׂגָּב חוֹמָה (miś·gāḇ ḥô·mā(h)) high wall, formally, refuge of wall, i.e., a wall which is unusually high even for a fortification wall (Isa 25:12+)

5370 II. מִשְׂגָּב (miś·gāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4869; TWOT 2234a—LN 93-place (loc.) (KJV, ASV, NEB, REB, Tanakh ftn) Misgab: a place name in Moab (Jer 48:1+), note: most versions, see 5369

5371 מַשֶּׂגֶת (mǎś·śě·ḡěṯ): n.fem. [oth hif ptcp.fem. of 5952]; ≡ Str 5381; TWOT 1422—see 5952 (Lev 14:21; 1Ch 21:12+)

מְשׂוּכָה (meśû·ḵā(h)) Lisowsky: see 5372

5372 מְשׂוּכָּה (meśûk·kā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4881; TWOT 2241a—LN 7.59–7.62 hedge, i.e., a dense row of trees or shrubs, often of a prickly or thorny kind, used as a fence to keep in, or others out (Isa 5:5+), see also 5004, 5379

5373 מַשּׂוֹר (mǎś·śôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4883; TWOT 1423a—LN 6.215–6.225 a saw, i.e., a hand cutting tool used to cut hard construction material (Isa 10:15+), note: in context, likely wood material

5374 מְשׂוּרָה (meśû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4884; TWOT 1250—LN 81.20–81.24 amount, unit, i.e., a measurement of quantity or capacity (Lev 19:35; 1Ch 23:29; Eze 4:11, 16+), note: in context a measure of liquid volume

5375 I. מָשׂוֹשׂ (mā·śôś): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4885; TWOT 2246b—LN 25.116–25.134 joy, delight, i.e., an attitude and actions (both verbal and other) showing celebration, gaiety, and merriment (Ps 48:3[EB 2]; Isa 8:6; 24:8,11; 32:13, 14; 60:15; 62:5; 65:18; 66:10; Jer 49:25; La 2:15; 5:15; Eze 24:25; Hos 2:13[EB 11]+), for another interp in Job 8:19, see 5376; note: in some contexts these expressions of joy are inappropriate or wrong

5376 II. מָשׂוֹשׂ (mā·śôś): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4885; TWOT 2246b—LN 23.205 withering away, formally, wasting away, rotting away, i.e., be in a dying state, no longer retaining water, so being dried and decomposing (Job 8:19+), note: for another interp in Job 8:19, see 5375

5377 מִשְׂחָק (miś·ḥāq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4890; TWOT 1905f—LN 33.406–33.411 scoffing, laughter, i.e., the action of laughter which communicates scorn and derision (Hab 1:10+)

5378 מַשְׂטֵמָה (mǎś·ṭē·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4895; TWOT 2251a—LN 39.1–39.12 hostility, animosity, enmity, i.e., a state of opposition to another, with possibly feelings of strife and long-term antagonism toward another (Hos 9:7, 8+), see also domain LN 88.167–88.170

5379 מְשֻׂכָה (meśǔ·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4881; TWOT 2241a—1. LN 7.59–7.62 hedge, i.e., a dense row of trees or shrubs used as a fence (Pr 15:19+), note: used to impede movement, either for protecting or keeping inside; 2. LN 7.59–7.62 unit: מְשֻׂכָה חֵדֶק (meśǔ·ḵā(h) ḥē·ḏěq) brier fence, thorn hedge, i.e., a dense row of trees or shrubs used as a fence, with a focus on being very difficult and painful to go through (Pr 15:19+), see also 5372

5380 מַשְׂכִּיל (mǎś·kîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4905; TWOT 2263b—LN 33.109–33.116 maskil, i.e., a kind of musical term or kind of song (Ps 32:1; 42:1; 44:1; 45:1; 47:8; 52:1; 53:1; 54:1; 55:1; 74:1; 78:1; 88:1; 89:1; 142:1+), note: these are the title verses in EB; see also domain LN 14.74–14.86; note: the etymology suggests relating the meaning to “insight” or “contemplation.”

מַשְׂכִּיל (mǎś·kîl): hif ptcp.—see 8505

5381 מַשְׂכִּית (mǎś·kîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4906; TWOT 2257c—1. LN 6.96–6.101 idol, sculpture, figurine, i.e., a carved image which is worship as deity or representing deity (Lev 26:1; Nu 33:52; Eze 8:12+); 2. LN 6.188–6.196 setting, i.e., a fabricated and shaped ornamental platter upon which other decorations are set (Pr 25:11+); 3. LN 31.1–31.7 imagination, what is imagined or conceived in one’s mind as a belief or opinion (Pr 18:11+); 4. LN 30.1–30.38 conceits, thoughts, i.e., the result of what ideas are fashioned in the mind (Ps 73:7+)

5382 מַשְׂכֹּרֶת (mǎś·kō·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4909; TWOT 2264.1d—1. LN 57.172–57.177 wage, i.e., the amount offered and given for services rendered as a just recompense (Ge 29:15; 31:7, 41+); 2. LN 57.152–57.171 reward, pay back, i.e., what is a just recompense for services or loyalty to someone (Ru 2:12+)

מַשְׂמֵר (mǎś·mēr) BDB: see 5383

5383 מַשְׂמֵרָה (mǎś·mē·rā(h)): n.fem. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 4930; TWOT 1518b—LN 6.4–6.9 goad-nail, i.e., a sharp, pointed, nail-shaped piece of metal which is imbedded in the end of a goad-stick, with the point out, used for prodding animals reluctant to move (Ecc 12:11+), see also 5021

מַשְׂמְרוֹת (mǎś·merôṯ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 5383

מְשַׂנֵּא (meśǎn·nē(ʾ)): n.masc. [oth piel ptcp. of 8533]; ≡ Str 4930; TWOT 1518b—LN 39.1–39.12 enemy, adversary, i.e., one who is in open hostility to another (Nu 10:35; Dt 32:41; 33:11; 2Sa 22:41; Job 31:29; Ps 18:41[EB 40]; 44:8[EB 7],11[EB 10]; 55:13[EB 12]; 68:2[EB 1]; 81:16[EB 15]; 83:3[EB 2]; 89:24[EB 23]; 139:21; Pr 8:36+)

5384 מִשְׂפָּח (miś·pāḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4939; TWOT 1534d—1. LN 20.1–20.11 violent acts, formally, bloodshed, i.e., acts which harm another, with a focus on evil contrast to the order and civility of justice and righteousness, as a figurative extension of bleeding or pouring out of blood (Isa 5:7+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 88.139–88.143 transgression, breach of law, injustice, i.e., acts which disregard the law, implying turmoil and chaos (Isa 5:7+)

5385 מִשְׂרָה (miś·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4951; TWOT 2288a—LN 37.48–37.95 dominion, rule, government, i.e., the position of high ruler and king (Isa 9:5[EB 6],6[EB 7]+)

מְשֻׂרָה (meśǔ·rā(h)), מְשֵׂרָה (meśē·rā(h)), מְשֹׂרָה (meśō·rā(h)): see 5385 (Isa 9:5[EB 6],6[EB 7]+)

מַשְׂרֵפָה (mǎś·rē·p̄ā(h)), מִשְׂרָפָה (miś·rā·p̄ā(h)) BDB: see 5386

5386 מִשְׂרָפוֹת (miś·rā·p̄ôṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 4955; TWOT 2292d—1. LN 14.63–14.73 burning, i.e., the condition or process of having combustible material consumed by fire (Isa 33:12+), note: in context, consume completely; 2. LN 2.3–2.6 fire, i.e., a pile of combustible material that is burning (Jer 34:5+), note: in context a funeral fire, see also domain LN 52

5387 מִשְׂרְפוֹת מַיִם (miś·rep̄ôṯ mǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4956;—LN 93-place (loc.) Misrephoth Maim: region or city in Phoenicia near Sidon (Jos 11:8; 13:6+)

5388 מַשְׂרֵקָה (mǎś·rē·qā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4957;—LN 93-place (loc.) Masrekah: site in Edom (Ge 36:36; 1Ch 1:47+)

5389 מַשְׂרֵת (mǎś·rēṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4958; TWOT 1251—LN 6.118–6.151 pan, skillet, i.e., a baking or cooking utensil (2Sa 13:9+)

5390 מַשׁ (mǎš): n.pr. [BDB: possibly GENT.; Holladay: tribe?]; ≡ Str 4851;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mash: son of Aram (Ge 10:23+), note: for NIV text see 5434(1.)

5391 מַשָּׁא (mǎš·šā(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4855; TWOT 1424a—LN 57.219–57.223 debt, loaning, i.e., the act. of loaning money or goods to a debtor for interest (Ne 5:7, 10; 10:32[EB 31]+), note: the imposing of excessive interest is usury; see also 5394

5392 מֵשָׁא (mē·šā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4852;—LN 93-place (terr) Mesha: place in the territory where the Joktanites (Ge 10:30+)

5393 מַשְׁאָב (mǎš·ʾāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4857; TWOT 2299.1a—LN 1.69–1.78 (pl.) watering place, i.e., a body of water as a source where water is drawn (Jdg 5:11+), note: some define as a container (such as watering trough) where water is held for the animals to drink from that container, see also domain LN 6.118–6.151

5394 מַשָּׁאָה (mǎš·šā·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4859; TWOT 1424b—LN 57.209–57.218 a secured loan, i.e., a loan given upon the assumption that a good of about equal or greater value will be given by the debtor if he defaults (Dt 24:10; Pr 22:26+), see also 5391

מְשֹׁאָה (mešō·ʾā(h)) Holladay, BDB: see 5409 (Job 30:3; 38:27+)

5395 מַשֻּׁאָה (mǎš·šǔ·ʾā(h)): n.fem. [oth 4946 + 8420]—LN 31.8–31.13 deception, i.e., the state of causing a wrong view to be taken, and so be a lie (Ps 62:5 cj+), note: most sources, see 8420

5396 מַשָּׁאוֹן (mǎš·šā·ʾôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4860; TWOT 1425a—LN 31.8–31.13 deception, deceit, guile, i.e., the act. of causing something false to be believed as true, and so mislead (Pr 26:26+)

5397 מַשֻּׁאוֹת (mǎš·šǔ·ʾôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4876; TWOT 2339b—LN 20.31–20.60 ruin, desolation, i.e., a state of utter destruction, implying judgment and separation from God (Ps 74:3+), note: oth, see also 5410

5398 מִשְׁאָל (miš·ʾāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4861;—LN 93-place (loc.) Mishal: Levitical town of Asher (Jos 19:26; 21:30+), see also 5443

5399 מִשְׁאָלָה (miš·ʾā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4862; TWOT 2303b—LN 33.161–33.177 request, inquire, appeal, i.e., ask for something which is needed or desired, implying a response is expected (Ps 20:6[EB 5]; 37:4+), note: in context these requests refer to prayers to God, see also domain LN 33.178–33.179

5400 מִשְׁאֶרֶת (miš·ʾě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4863; TWOT 1252—LN 6.118–6.151 breadboard, kneading trough, i.e., household utensil for preparing bread dough by kneading the dough, likely a large shallow bowl of wood or pottery (Ex 7:28[EB 8:3]; 12:34; Dt 28:5, 17+)

מְשֻׁבָה (mešǔ·ḇā(h)) Holladay, BDB: see 5412

מְשֻׁבָּץ (mešǔb·bāṣ): see 5401.5

5401 מִשְׁבְּצוֹת (miš·beṣôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4865; TWOT 2320b—LN 6.14–6.22 filigree settings, wire mountings, i.e., an ornamental work with fine gold wire usually as a base or foundation for setting or attaching jewels (Ex 28:11, 13, 14, 25; 39:6, 13, 16, 18; Ps 45:14[EB 13]+)

מִשְׁבְּצֹת (miš·beṣōṯ) BDB: see 5401 (Ex 28:13, 14; 39:6–16, 18+)

מְשֻׁבָּצִים (mešǔb·bā·ṣîm): n.masc.pl. [oth pual ptcp.masc.pl. of 8687]; ≡ Str 4865; TWOT 2320b—LN 6.14–6.22 filigree settings, wire mountings, i.e., an ornamental work with fine gold wire usually as a base or foundation for setting or attaching jewels (Ex 28:20+)

5402 מַשְׁבֵּר (mǎš·bēr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4866; TWOT 2321c—LN 8.9–8.69 outer vagina, the female external orifice, the opening of the womb, i.e., the point of the female body where birth and visible life first occur (2Ki 19:3; Isa 37:3; Hos 13:13+)

5403 מִשְׁבָּר (miš·bār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4867; TWOT 2321d—1. LN 14.17–14.35 breaker waves, i.e., a rising and falling (possibly different than a “swell” of water), fomenting mass of water on an open body of water, difficult or dangerous for a swimmer to navigate (2Sa 22:5; Ps 42:8[EB 7]; 88:8[EB 7]; 93:4; Jnh 2:4[EB 3]+), note: in some contexts a breaker may refer to a calamity in life, or feelings of discouragement; 2. LN 14.17–14.35 unit: מִשְׁבָּר מָוֶת (miš·bār mā·wěṯ) deadly waves, formally, breakers of death, i.e., waves which are unusually large and dangerous, and will most likely bring death (2Sa 22:5+), note: in context, this refers to a state very near death, see also domain LN 23.88–23.128

5404 מִשְׁבָּת (miš·bāṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4868; TWOT 2323e—LN 13.48–13.68 destruction, annihilation, finish, i.e., a state of cessation of a prior known state, with a focus on the utter ruin in the new state (La 1:7+), see also domain LN 20.31–20.60

5405 מִשְׁגֶּה (miš·gě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4870; TWOT 2325b—LN 88.289–88.318 lapse, mistake, oversight, accident, i.e., inadvertent mistake which has no willful intent, caused by oversight or inattention (Ge 43:12+)

מְשֻׁגָּע (mešǔg·gāʿ): n.masc. [oth pual ptcp.masc.sing. of 8713]; ≡ Str 4870; TWOT 2325b—LN 30.1–30.38 maniac, madman, i.e., one who thinks in an irrational manner (Dt 28:34; 1Sa 21:16a[EB 15a]; 2Ki 9:11; Jer 29:26; Hos 9:7+)

משׁה (mšh): see 5406

5406 מָשָׁה (mā·šā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 4871; TWOT 1253—LN 15.212–15.214 (qal pf.) draw out, pull out, i.e., cause an object to come out of one place to another (Ex 2:10+); (hif) cause to draw out (2Sa 22:17; Ps 18:17[EB 16]+), note: in context this movement provides safety from a potentially dangerous situation, see also domain LN 22.35–22.37

5407 מֹשֶׁה (mō·šě(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4872; TWOT 1254—1. LN 93-pers. (male) Moses: Levite son of Amram-Jochebed (Ex 2:10–Dt 34:12 passim), note: for MT text in Jdg 18:30, see 4985(3.); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: תּוֹרָה מֹשֶׁה (tô·rā(h) mō·šě(h)) Law of Moses, i.e., a written code as a body of literature, given through Moses (1Ki 2:3); 3. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: סֵפֶר מֹשֶׁה (sē·p̄ěr mō·šě(h)) Book of Moses, i.e., a written code as a body of literature, given through Moses (2Ch 35:12)

5408 מַשֶּׁה (mǎš·šě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4874; TWOT 1427b—1. LN 57.209–57.218 loan, i.e., money or goods given as credit to a debtor (Dt 15:2+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 57.209–57.218 unit: בַּעַל מַשֶּׁה יָד ־ֹו (bǎ·ʿǎl mǎš·šě(h) yāḏ ō-w) creditor, formally, lord of a loan of his hand, i.e., one who gives credit and loans to debtors (Dt 15:2+)

5409 מְשׁוֹאָה (mešô·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4875; TWOT 2339b—1. LN 1.86–1.87 wasteland, desolate land, i.e., an area of land where the weather and contour do not lend itself to habitation, and so sparsely inhabited (Job 30:3; 38:27+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 ruination, i.e., a state of destruction, with a focus on the distress this state may bring (Zep 1:15+)

5410 מַשּׁוּאָה (mǎš·šû·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4876; TWOT 2339b—LN 20.31–20.60 ruin, heap of rubble, i.e., physical destruction of a building (Ps 73:18+), note: oth see also 5397

מַשּׁוּאוֹת (mǎš·šû·ʾôṯ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 5397

5411 מְשׁוֹבָב (mešô·ḇāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4877;—LN 93-pers. (male) Meshobab: of Simeon (1Ch 4:34+)

5412 מְשׁוּבָה (mešû·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4878; TWOT 2340c—LN 39.34–39.41 backsliding, apostasy, faithlessness, defection, waywardness, i.e., the state of rebellion against an authority, and so a break in a previous relationship as a figurative extension of the non-linear motion of turning aside off a correct path (Pr 1:32; Jer 2:19; 3:6, 8, 11, 12, 22; 5:6; 8:5; 14:7; Hos 11:7; 14:5[EB 4]+), note: for MT text in Eze 37:23, see 4632; note: see also domain LN 31.82–31.101, LN 88.262–88.270

5413 מְשׁוּגָה (mešû·ḡā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4879; TWOT 2341a—LN 88.289–88.318 error, sin, i.e., wrongdoing of any particular kind that is repugnant to God (Job 19:4+)

5414 מָשׁוֹט (mā·šôṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4880; TWOT 2344e—LN 6.41–6.51 oar, i.e., a long, wood pole with a broad blade at one end, used as a paddle to propel a vessel through the water, as opposed to sailing by wind motion (Eze 27:29+), see also 5415

5415 מִשּׁוֹט (miš·šôṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4880; TWOT 2344e—LN 6.41–6.51 oar, i.e., a long, wood pole with a broad blade at one end, used as a paddle to propel a vessel through the water, as opposed to sailing by wind motion (Eze 27:6+), see also 5414

מְשׁוּסָּה (mešûs·sā(h)), מְשׁוֹסָּה (mešôs·sā(h)) BDB: see 5416, 5468

5416 מְשׁוֹסָּה (mešôs·sā(h)): n.fem. [oth point as polel ptcp.fem. of 9115]; ≡ Str 4882; TWOT 2426a—LN 57.232–57.248 loot, i.e., plunder taken by as victor as the spoils of war (Isa 42:24 K+) note: for Q, see 5468

מְשׁוֹרֵר (mešô·rēr): n.masc.—see 5490.5

מָשְׁזָר (māš·zār): adj. [oth hof ptcp.]—see 8813

משׁח (mšḥ): see 5417

5417 מָשַׁח (mā·šǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 4886; TWOT 1255—1. LN 53.44–53.52 (qal) anoint, smear, rub on, i.e., smear an object with a liquid or semi-liquid as a religious activity to dedicate or consecrate a person or object for service (Ge 31:13; 1Sa 9:16), see also domain LN 37.96–37.107; (nif) be anointed (Nu 7:10), note: for another parsing in Ex 29:29, see 5420; 2. LN 45 (qal) paint, i.e., place colored liquid material on the interior wall of a house as a final step in construction as decorating (Jer 22:14); 3. LN 55.1 (qal) oil, i.e., smear or rub in a softening agent on a shield, to keep in good condition for fighting (Isa 21:5); (qal pass.) be rubbed with (2Sa 1:21 NIV), note: for MT text, see 5431; 4. LN 47 (qal pass.) be spread, i.e., a motion of covering evenly an object with a liquid or semi-liquid (Ex 29:2)

5418 I. מִשְׁחָה (miš·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4888; TWOT 1255a, 1255b—LN 53.44–53.52 anointment, anointing, i.e., the act. of smearing an object with a liquid or semi-liquid as a religious activity to dedicate or consecrate a person or object for service (Ex 25:6; 29:7, 21; 30:25,31; 31:11; 35:8, 15, 28; 37:29; 39:38; 40:9; Lev 8:2, 10, 12, 30; 10:7; 21:10, 12; Nu 4:16+), note: always in reference to a holy oil

5419 II. מִשְׁחָה (miš·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4888; TWOT 1255a—LN 63.13–63.20 portion, piece, formally, anointment, i.e., the part or piece of a whole thing (Lev 7:35+), note: in context a share of a consumable offering

5420 I. מָשְׁחָה (māš·ḥā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 4888; TWOT 1255a—LN 53.44–53.52 anointment, an anointing, i.e., a religious activity of smearing an object with a liquid or semi-liquid as a religious activity to dedicate or consecrate a person or object for service (Ex 40:15+), note: for another parsing in Ex 29:29 (qal inf. cs.), see 5417

5421 II. מָשְׁחָה (māš·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4888; TWOT 1255a—LN 63.13–63.20 portion, piece, formally, anointment, i.e., the part or piece of a whole thing (Nu 18:8+), note: in context a share of a consumable offering

מַשְׁחַית (mǎš·ḥǎyṯ)[Lisowsky sic?]: see 5422

5422 מַשְׁחִית (mǎš·ḥîṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4889; TWOT 2370a—1. LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, i.e., a state or condition which causes deadly ruin (Ex 12:13; 2Ch 22:4; Eze 5:16; 9:6; 21:36[EB 31]; 25:15+), see also LN 23.142–23.184; 2. LN 20.31–20.60 destroyer, i.e., one who causes destruction and death (Ex 12:23; Isa 54:16; Jer 4:7; 22:7; 51:1+); 3. LN 6.23–6.25 bird trap, i.e., a device of some kind that catches and holds wild birds (Jer 5:26+); 4. LN 79.26–79.38 deadly pale state, formally, (splendor to) destruction, i.e., have a loss of blood to the face as a basal response to some strong emotional feeling such as great fear (Da 10:8+), see also domain LN 25.189–25.202; 5. LN 20.31–20.60 unit: בַּעַל מַשְׁחִית (bǎ·ʿǎl mǎš·ḥîṯ) destroyer, formally, lord of destruction, i.e., one who causes destruction and death (Pr 18:9+); 6. LN 20.31–20.60 unit: אִישׁ מַשְׁחִית (ʾîš mǎš·ḥîṯ) destroyer, formally, man of destruction, i.e., one who causes destruction and death (Pr 28:24+), note: 1Sa 13:17; 14:15, as hif ptcp. of 8845 “raiding parties.”

מַשְׁחִית (mǎš·ḥîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4889; TWOT 2370a—LN 93-place (loc.) unit: הַר מַשְׁחִית (hǎr mǎš·ḥîṯ) Hill of Corruption: possibly the south end of the Mount of Olives (2Ki 23:13+)

5423 מִשְׁחָר (miš·ḥār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4891; TWOT 2369b—1. LN 67.73–67.77 dawn, i.e., the time of the early morning light (Ps 110:3+); 2. LN 82.1–82.6 unit: רֶחֶם מִשְׁחָר (rě·ḥěm miš·ḥār) the east, formally, the womb of the dawn, i.e., the origin point of the sunrise (Ps 110:3+), note: the translation of 110:3b is “from the east you receive your renewed vigor”

5424 מַשְׁחֵת (mǎš·ḥēṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4892; TWOT 2370b—1. LN 20.12–20.30 destruction, i.e., a violent state or condition of killing or maiming (Eze 9:1+); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 unit: כְּלִי מַשְׁחֵת (kelî mǎš·ḥēṯ) weapon, formally, vessel of destruction (Eze 9:1+)

5425 מִשְׁחַת (miš·ḥǎṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4893; TWOT 2370c—LN 79.9–79.17 disfigurement, marring, formally, corruption, i.e., a state or condition of an object having a mutilated form and so be ugly and repugnant (Isa 52:14+)

מִשְׁחָת (miš·ḥāṯ) Lisowsky: see 5425

5426 מָשְׁחָת (māš·ḥāṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4893; TWOT 2370c—LN 79.9–79.17 deformity, defect, formally, corruption, i.e., a state or condition of an object having a congenitally bad form and so be ugly and ritually unacceptable (Lev 22:25+)

5427 מִשְׁטוֹחַ (miš·ṭôaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4894; TWOT 2372b—LN 1.86–1.87 sea-girt drying yard for nets, i.e., a place for spreading out nets, not a population center (Eze 26:5, 14; 47:10+)

מִשְׁטָח (miš·ṭāḥ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 5427 (Eze 26:5, 14+)

5428 מִשְׁטָר (miš·ṭār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4896; TWOT 2374b—LN 37.35–37.47 (BDB, most versions) dominion, rule, formally, writing, i.e., the authority of one to rule over someone or something as a figurative extension of the contents of written bodies of laws used to govern (Job 38:33+), note: (KB, Holladay) translate “starry sky,” appar. with the configuration of stars as a sky writing of God

מֻשִׁי (mǔ·šî) Holladay, BDB: see 4633 (1Ch 6:4[EB 19]+)

5429 מֶשִׁי (mě·šî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4897; TWOT 1256—LN 6.152–6.187 costly fabric, i.e., a fine, exotic fabric used for garments, exact make-up not currently known (Eze 16:10, 13+), note: traditionally rendered “silk”

5430 מְשֵׁיזַבְאֵל (mešê·zǎḇ·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4898;—LN 93-pers. (male) Meshezabel: 1. ancestor of wall builder in Jerusalem (Ne 3:4+) 2. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:22[EB 21]+) 3. father of official, after return from captivity (Ne 11:24+)

5431 מָשִׁיחַ (mā·šîaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4899; TWOT 1255c—1. LN 37.96–37.107 anointed one, i.e., a person having sacred oil poured ceremonially on one’s head, and so become a person with special authority and function, with the implication of one having the choice and approval of God (Lev 4:3; 1Sa 2:10; Isa 45:1), note: in some contexts the reference may be to “the Messiah” (Ps 2:2), see also domain LN 53.82; note: for NIV text in 2Sa 1:21, see 5417; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: מָשִׁיחַ נָגִיד (mā·šîaḥ nā·ḡîḏ) special ruler, formally, anointed ruler, i.e., a prince or special priest from the LORD (Da 9:25, 26)

משׁךְ (mšk): see 5432

5432 מָשַׁךְ (mā·šǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 4900; TWOT 1257—1. LN 15.212–15.214 (qal) draw up, drag, pull, take away, i.e., cause an object to make linear or vertical movement, implying no help from the inert object, and so needing considerable force (Ge 37:28; Ex 12:21; Dt 21:3; Job 24:22; 40:25[EB 41:1]; Ps 10:9; 28:3; Isa 5:18; Jer 38:13; Eze 32:20+); 2. LN 67.118–67.135 (qal) be long, i.e., extend a period of time, as an extension of dragging an object taking longer than moving only oneself in linear movement (Ex 19:13; Jos 6:5; Ps 36:11[EB 10]; 85:6[EB 5]; 109:12+); (nif) prolong (Isa 13:22; Eze 12:25, 28+); (pual) deferred (Pr 13:12+); 3. LN 16 (qal) pull, i.e., make a non-linear motion with a bow, thus propelling an arrow (1Ki 22:34; 2Ch 18:33+); 4. LN 15.165–15.186 (qal) take the lead, draw along, i.e., be in front in guiding or directing in linear movement, with a focus on active involvement in the endeavor, as an extension of dragging an object along, and of course being in a frontal position relative to the object (Jdg 4:6, 7; SS 1:4; Jer 31:3; Hos 11:4+); 5. LN 15.187–15.211 (qal) carry, bear, i.e., cause linear movement of an object by picking it up and carrying (Jos 5:14+); 6. LN 25.167–25.178 (qal) be patient, formally, extend a period of time, i.e., have an attitude or feeling of tolerance for an extended period of time, as an extension of extending a period of time (Ne 9:30+); 7. LN 16 (qal) extend, i.e., stretch out a limb to make contact with an object (Hos 7:5+), note: this may refer to an association of some kind; 8. LN 15.156–15.157 (qal) follow after, i.e., be in linear motion behind a leader, as an extension of being an inert object dragged behind the one pulling (Jdg 20:37; Job 21:33+); 9. LN 88.283–88.288 (qal) stimulate, i.e., create an altered state of cheer by use of intoxicants, either modestly or immodestly (Ecc 2:3+), note: context suggests a modest use of alcohol, note: for Ecc 2:3 cj, see 8527; 10. LN 81.3–81.11 (pual) be tall, formally, extend, i.e., pertaining to a spatial dimension of height, relative to other objects of the same class or kind (Isa 18:2, 7+); 11. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: מָשַׁךְ קֶשֶׁת (mā·šǎḵ qě·šěṯ) archer, bowman, formally, drawer of the bow, i.e., a soldier who shoots arrows with a bow (Isa 66:19+); 12. LN 43 unit: מָשַׁךְ זֶרַע (mā·šǎḵ zě·rǎʿ) planter, i.e., a farm worker that scatters the seed for sowing (Am 9:13+)

5433 I. מֶשֶׁךְ (mě·šěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4901; TWOT 1257a—1. LN 6.118–6.151 leather bag, skin pouch, i.e., a container to hold valuables (Ps 126:6+); 2. LN 57.152–57.171 price, value, cost, formally, bag, i.e., the value of something taken in acquisition, as a figurative extension of a leather pouch used to hold objects (Job 28:18+)

5434 II. מֶשֶׁךְ (mě·šěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4902;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Meshech: 1. of Noah, son of Shem (1Ch 1:17+), note: for MT text in Ge 10:23, see 5390 2. of Noah, son of Japheth (Ge 10:2; 1Ch 1:5; Ps 120:5; Eze 27:13; 32:26; 38:2, 3; 39:1+)

5435 מִשְׁכָּב (miš·kāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4904; TWOT 2381c—1. LN 6.106–6.117 bed, i.e., the implement one resides on for sleep, meditation, recovery from illness, and marital acts (Ge 49:4; Ex 21:18; Lev 15:4, 5, 21, 23, 24, 26; 2Sa 4:11; 11:2, 13; 13:5; 17:28; 1Ki 1:47; Job 7:13; 33:15, 19; Ps 4:5[EB 4]; 36:5[EB 4]; 41:4[EB 3]; 149:5; Pr 7:17; 22:27; SS 3:1; Isa 57:7, 8; Eze 23:17; 32:25; Hos 7:14; Mic 2:1+), note: in some contexts a raised couch, others possibly a mere mat; 2. LN 6.106–6.117 bier, i.e., a stretcher or plank for holding and carrying a corpse (2Ch 16:14+); 3. LN 23.88–23.128 death, i.e., be in a state of death as an extension of a bed or bier where the dead or ill are laid (Isa 57:2+); 4. LN 23.61–23.65 sexual relations, formally, lying with, i.e., an act. of physical intercourse as an extension of the act. of horizontally laying down on a bed (Lev 18:22; 20:13+); 5. LN 23.78–23.87 unit: שָׁכַב אֵת מִשְׁכָּב (šā·ḵǎḇ ʾēṯ miš·kāḇ) rest, formally, lie down on bed, i.e., the act. of resting to refresh the body (2Sa 4:5+); 6. LN 7.26–7.53 unit: חֶדֶר מִשְׁכָּב (ḥě·ḏěr miš·kāḇ) bedroom, formally, room of the lying down, i.e., a room within a structure (Ex 7:28[EB 8:3]; 2Sa 4:7; 2Ki 6:12; Ecc 10:20+); 7. LN 9.34–9.40 unit: יָדַע (yā·ḏǎʿ) … מִשְׁכָּב (miš·kāḇ) not be a virgin, i.e., be in a state in which one has had sex with a partner (Nu 31:17; Jdg 21:11+); 8. LN 9.34–9.40 unit: לֹא יָדַע (lō(ʾ) yā·ḏǎʿ) … מִשְׁכָּב (miš·kāḇ) be a virgin, i.e., be in a state which has not had sex with a partner (Nu 31:18, 35; Jdg 21:12+)

5436 מֹשְׁכוֹת (mō·šeḵôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4189; TWOT 1257b—LN 6.14–6.22 cords, chains, fetters, i.e., that implement which is an imprisoning bond to the hands or feet (Job 38:31+), note: some sources question this meaning

5437 מְשַׁכֶּלֶת (mešǎk·kě·lěṯ): n.fem. [BDB]; ≡ Str 7921; TWOT 2385—see 8897 hif ptcp. (Hos 9:14+)

5438 מִשְׁכָּן (miš·kān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4908; TWOT 2387c—1. LN 7.17 tabernacle, i.e., a relatively large, portable dwelling, used as a central place of worship, as the dwelling place of God (Ex 25:9; Lev 15:31); 2. LN 7.19 tent, i.e., a portable dwelling, made of cloth, leather, or animal hair, with poles and a superstructure for holding it up (Nu 16:24); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 dwelling place, habitat, i.e., a place where one dwells, with no focus on the structure (Job 18:21; 39:6); 4. LN 7.63–7.76 tomb, grave, i.e., a place where the dead bodies are interned (Isa 22:16+), note: in context, a new, rock-hewn tomb; 5. LN 7.2–7.25 house, formally, tent, i.e., a permanent structure where one lives, as an extension of a tent as a portable dwelling (Jer 9:18[EB 19]; 30:18; 51:30)

מֹשֶׁכֶת (mō·šě·ḵěṯ) BDB: see 5436

I. משׁל (mšl): see 5439

II. משׁל (mšl): see 5440

5439 I. מָשַׁל (mā·šǎl): v.; ≡ Str 4911; TWOT 1258, 1258b—1. LN 33.11–33.25 (qal) quote a proverb or saying, i.e., speak in a type of discourse which uses comparison of objects in short, pithy quotes (Job 17:6; Eze 12:23; 16:44; 17:2; 18:2, 3; 24:3+), note: for another parsing in Nu 21:27, see 5443.5; (piel) tell a proverb (Eze 21:5[EB 20:49]+); 2. LN 64 (nif) liken, be like, i.e., make a comparison between two objects (Ps 28:1; 49:13[EB 12],21[EB 20]; 143:7; Isa 14:10+); (hif) liken, compare to (Isa 46:5+); (hitp) show oneself like (Job 30:19+)

5440 II. מָשַׁל (mā·šǎl): v.; ≡ Str 4910; TWOT 1259—LN 37.48–37.95 (qal) rule, govern, control, be in charge, i.e., have a person or entity exercise authority over persons or governments (2Sa 23:3), note: for qal act. ptcp. as a noun, see 5443.6; (hif) make one a ruler, have dominion (Job 25:2; Ps 8:7[EB 6]; Da 11:39+), note: for another parsing in Isa 28:14, see 5443.6

5441 III. מָשַׁל (mā·šǎl): v.—see 5439 BDB form of 5439

5442 I. מָשָׁל (mā·šāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4912; TWOT 1258a—1. LN 33.11–33.25 proverb, saying, i.e., a wisdom saying usually terse, vivid and so easy to remember, as a discourse type (1Sa 24:14[EB 13]; 1Ki 5:12[EB 4:32]+); 2. LN 33.11–33.25 parable, i.e., a discourse type of a short narrative with a symbolic meaning (Eze 17:2); 3. LN 33.126–33.133 byword, i.e., a reference word to one that is well-known, implying a bad notoriety (Ps 44:15[EB 14]); 4. LN 33.11–33.25 oracle, i.e., a discourse type of prophecy (Nu 23:7); 5. LN 33.406–33.411 taunt, ridicule, i.e., words that show contempt and disrespect for someone (Isa 14:4); 6. LN 87.58–87.75 object of scorn, i.e., a person that is ridiculed and so of low status (Dt 28:37); 7. LN 33.406–33.411 unit: הָיָה מָשָׁל (hā·yā(h) mā·šāl)1 make sport, make fun of another, formally, be a byword, i.e., speak words that taunt and ridicule another (Ps 69:12[EB 11]); 8. LN 33.406–33.411 unit: נָשָׂא מָשָׁל (nā·śā(ʾ) mā·šāl)1 ridicule, taunt, formally, lift up a byword, i.e., speak words that mock or make sport of another (Mic 2:4; Hab 2:6)

5443 II. מָשָׁל (mā·šāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4913;—LN 93-place (loc.) Mashal: Levitical town of Asher (1Ch 6:59[EB 74]+), see also 5398

מֹשֵׁל (mō·šēl): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 5439]; ≡ Str 4913;—LN 33.11–33.25 poet, i.e., one who creates a proverb, parable, or some other literary construction (Nu 21:27; Isa 28:14+), [poet of mock verses Lisowsky] for another interp in Isa, see 5443.6

מֹשֵׁל (mō·šēl): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 5440]; ≡ Str 4913;—LN 37.48–37.95 ruler, i.e., one who governs or controls a person, household, or government (Ge 45:8), note: for another interp in Isa 28:14, see 5443.5

5444 I. מֹשֶׁל (mō·šěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4915; TWOT 1259a—LN 64 likeness, similarity, i.e., that which is comparable or equal to something else (Job 41:25[EB 33]+)

5445 II. מֹשֶׁל (mō·šěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4915; TWOT 1259a—LN 37.48–37.95 dominion, power, i.e., the rulership and governing of a government (of any size) as a supreme authority (Da 11:4; Zec 9:10+)

5446 מְשֹׁל (mešōl): n.[masc.] [oth qal inf.cs. of 5439]; ≡ Str 4914; TWOT 1258d—LN 87.58–87.75 by-word, i.e., one well known, implying a bad or mocking notoriety, and so a person of low status (Job 17:6+)

מְשֹׁל (mešōl): see 5439 imv. (Eze 7:2; 2:43+); inf. (Eze 18:3+)

5447 מִשְׁלוֹחַ (miš·lôaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4916; TWOT 2394d, 2394e—1. LN 57.71–57.124 giving, formally, sending, i.e., the presentation of tokens of friendship to one another (Est 9:19, 22+); 2. LN 39.52–39.61 unit: מִשְׁלוֹחַ יָד (miš·lôaḥ yāḏ) conquer, formally, stretching the hand, i.e., make an area of land and its people a governmental sphere of influence (Isa 11:14+)

מִשְׁלַח (miš·lǎḥ) BDB: see 5448

5448 מִשְׁלָח (miš·lāḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4916; TWOT 2394d—1. LN 1.86–1.87 open range, formally, place of letting loose, i.e., vast tracts of land where animals can graze and roam (Isa 7:25+); 2. LN 68.22–68.33 unit: מִשְׁלָח יָד ־ךָ (miš·lāḥ yāḏ ḵā) endeavor, attempt to do, formally, stretching out your hand, i.e., to try to do something with a clear focus that the attempt will succeed (Dt 12:7, 18; 15:10; 23:21[EB 20]; 28:8, 20+)

מִשְׁלֹחַ (miš·lōaḥ) BDB: see 5447

5449 מִשְׁלַחַת (miš·lǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4917; TWOT 2394f—1. LN 55 mustering out, i.e., discharge from military (Ecc 8:8+); 2. LN 55.7–55.13 band, company, deputation, i.e., group of beings acting as soldiers, gathered and sent for a special purpose, representing another (Ps 78:49+)

5450 מְשֻׁלָּם (mešǔl·lām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4918;—LN 93-pers. (male) Meshullam: 1. grandfather of a royal courier sent by King Josiah (2Ki 22:3+) 2. son of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:19+) 3. of Gad (1Ch 5:13+) 4. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:17+) 5. another of Benjamin (1Ch 9:7; Ne 11:7+) 6. yet another of Benjamin (1Ch 9:8+) 7. father of Hilkiah (1Ch 9:11; Ne 11:11+) 8. son of Meshillemith (1Ch 9:12+) 9. Levite in the days of King Josiah (2Ch 34:12+) 10. one sent by Ezra to Iddo (Ezr 8:16+) 11. opponent of Ezra (Ezr 10:15+) 12. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:29+) 13. wall builder (Ne 3:4, 30; 6:18+) 14. gate builder (Ne 3:6+) 15. one who stood with Ezra (Ne 8:4+) 16. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:8 [EB 7]+) 17. another signer of the covenant (Ne 10:21[EB 20]+) 18. head of a priestly family (Ne 12:13+) 19. another head of a priestly family (Ne 12:16+) 20. gatekeeper (Ne 12:25+), note: possibly in Ne 12:25, also see 5452, 5453 21. one dedicating the rebuilt wall of Jerusalem (Ne 12:33+), note: possibly same as 18

5451 מְשִׁלֵּמוֹת (mešil·lē·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4919;—LN 93-pers. (male) Meshillemoth: 1. ancestor of a priest in Nehemiah’s day (Ne 11:13+), see also 5454 2. of Ephraim, in the days of King Ahaz (2Ch 28:12+)

5452 מְשֶׁלֶמְיָה (mešě·lěm·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4920;—LN 93-pers. (male) Meshelemiah: father of gatekeeper Zechariah, in the time of the return (1Ch 26:1, 2, 9+), see also 5450, 5453, 8935, 8983

5453 מְשֶׁלֶמְיָהוּ (mešě·lěm·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4920;—LN 93-pers. (male) Meshelemiahu (Meshelemiah NIV): father of gatekeeper Zechariah, in the time of the return (1Ch 9:21+), see also 5450, 5452, 8935(9.), 8983

5454 מְשִׁלֵּמִית (mešil·lē·mîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4921;—LN 93-pers. (male) Meshillemith: ancestor of a priest in Nehemiah’s day (1Ch 9:12+), see also 5451(1.)

5455 מְשֻׁלֶּמֶת (mešǔl·lě·měṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4922;—LN 93-pers. (female) Meshullemeth: wife of King Manasseh (2Ki 21:19+)

מִשֶּׁלָּנוּ (miš·šěl·lā·nû): see 4946 + 8611 + 4200 + 5646 (2Ki 6:11)

5456 מִשְׁלֹשׁ (miš·lōš): n.masc. [oth prep. and n. (4946 + 8993)]; ≡ Str 7969; TWOT 2403a—LN 67.163–67.200 trimester, i.e., period of three months (Ge 38:24+)

5457 מְשַׁמָּה (mešǎm·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4923; TWOT 2409f—1. LN 1.60–1.68 dried up place, i.e., an area which has no water, implying desolation (Isa 15:6; Jer 48:34+); 2. LN 1.86–1.87 wasteland, desert, i.e., dried up, desolate, lightly populated area (Eze 6:14; 33:28, 29; 35:3+); 3. LN 25.251–25.269 horror, i.e., something ugly and terrible to look at, and so an object or event of scorn (Eze 5:15+)

מַשְׁמָן (mǎš·mān) BDB: see 5460

5458 מִשְׁמָן (miš·mān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4924; TWOT 2410e, 2410f—1. LN 55.14–55.22 sturdy warriors, stout soldiers, i.e., excellent military fighters in war (Ps 78:31; Isa 10:16+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 fat, i.e., lipid tissue of the body (Isa 17:4+); 3. LN 59.48–59.61 richness, fertileness, formally, fat places, i.e., a state of fertility which produces an abundance of a thing, so giving an ease of life, with a special focus on the land which produces the abundance (Da 11:24+); 4. LN 65.20–65.29 the best products, choice things, formally, fat, i.e., the choice of harvest or merchandise, so having high value, as a figurative extension of fat on the body as a sign of prosperity and abundance (1Sa 15:9+), note: for MT text, see 5467

מַשְׁמַנָּה (mǎš·mǎn·nā(h)) BDB: see 5459

5459 מִשְׁמַנָּה (miš·mǎn·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4925;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mishmannah: of Gad (1Ch 12:11[EB 10]+)

5460 מַשְׁמַנִּים (mǎš·mǎn·nîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4924; TWOT 2410e—LN 5.1–5.22 choice food, delicate, rich, festive food, i.e., food which is tasty and satisfying (Ne 8:10+), see also LN 79.39–79.44, LN 24.72

5461 I. מִשְׁמָע (miš·māʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4926; TWOT 2412f—LN 28.57–28.67 rumor, gossip, hearsay, i.e., what one hears, with a focus on the content of the information which is able to be known, but not verified as true (Isa 11:3+), see also domain LN 24.52–24.70, LN 33.404–33.405

5462 II. מִשְׁמָע (miš·māʿ): n.pr. [Holladay: and tribe]; ≡ Str 4927;—LN 93-pers. Mishma: 1. son of Ishmael (Ge 25:14; 1Ch 1:30+) 2. of Simeon (1Ch 4:25, 26+)

5463 מִשְׁמַעַת (miš·mǎ·ʿǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4928; TWOT 2412g—1. LN 55.7–55.13 bodyguard, king’s guard, i.e., an elite group of soldiers, devoted to protect the life of the king (1Sa 22:14; 2Sa 23:23; 1Ch 11:25+); 2. LN 87.58–87.75 subject, vassal, lackey, i.e., one obligated to allegiance by act. of being conquered, so having low status and must be obedient to the greater power (Isa 11:14+)

5464 I. מִשְׁמָר (miš·mār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4929; TWOT 2414f—1. LN 37.119–37.126 guarding, custody, imprisonment, confinement, i.e., the state imprisoning or confining a prisoner, often with a focus on the place one is in the state of confinement (Ge 40:3, 4, 7; 41:10; 42:17; Lev 24:12; Nu 15:34; Ne 12:25; Job 7:12; Pr 4:23; Eze 38:7+), note: for another interp in Job 7:12, see 5465; 2. LN 37.119–37.126 guard, i.e., a person or group of persons who watch over, for confinement or protection (1Ch 26:16; Ne 4:3[EB 9],16[EB 22]; Jer 51:12+); 3. LN 35.19–35.30 service, ministry, i.e., the expenditure of energy in an assignment or role in serving (Ne 13:14+), see also domain LN 53.53–53.64; 4. LN 35.19–35.30 group of ministers, i.e., a section or group of persons who expend energy in an assignment or role in serving (Ne 12:24+), see also domain LN 11.12–11.54, LN 53.53–53.64; 5. LN 85.32–85.54 post, station, i.e., a place where a guard is assigned to watch (Ne 7:3+); 6. LN 37.119–37.126 unit: בַּיִת מִשְׁמָר (bǎ·yiṯ miš·mār)1 prison, formally, house of confinement, i.e., a structure where prisoners are kept (Ge 42:19+), see also domain LN 7.2–7.25; 7. LN 37.119–37.126 unit: אִישׁ הַ־ מִשְׁמָר (ʾîš hǎ- miš·mār)1 guard, formally, man of the custody, i.e., one who watches over, for confinement or protection (Ne 4:17[EB 23]+)

5465 II. מִשְׁמָר (miš·mār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4929; TWOT 2414f—LN 6.14–6.22 muzzle, i.e., a device placed over the mouth, preventing attack (Job 7:12+), for another interp, see 5464, note: in this context, to silence verbal attack

5466 מִשְׁמֶרֶת (miš·mě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4931; TWOT 2414g—1. LN 33.333–33.342 requirement, obligation, order, formally, guarding, i.e., a verbalized expression of what must be kept or obeyed (Ge 26:5; Nu 9:19); 2. LN 35.19–35.30 responsibility, duty, charge, mission, i.e., a service which has been assigned for care, implying an obligation to fulfill (Nu 3:25; Ne 12:45); 3. LN 37.119–37.126 guard, watch, i.e., the act. of placing a guard over an area for keeping in custody or protection (2Sa 20:3; 1Sa 22:23); 4. LN 85.32–85.54 post, station, watch, i.e., a place where a guard is assigned to watch (2Ch 7:6; Isa 21:8; Hab 2:1); 5. LN 35.36–35.46 keep, care for, i.e., attend to something with concern and so keep in a good or better condition (Ex 12:6); 6. LN 6.1–6.3 unit: כְּלִי מִשְׁמֶרֶת (kelî miš·mě·rěṯ) what is assigned, i.e., a thing which is one’s duty to care and carry (Nu 4:32+)

5467 מִשְׁנֶה (miš·ně(h)): n.[masc.] [see also 5467.5]; ≡ Str 4932; TWOT 2421c—1. LN 60.49 second, next, i.e., what is next after the first in a set of space, time or set (rank) (1Sa 8:2; 17:13; 23:17; 2Sa 3:3; 2Ch 35:24; Ne 11:17+), note: when there is only two in the series, some translate “other” as the second; 2. LN 60.75 twice, double, i.e., a multiple of two (Ge 43:12, 15; Ex 16:5, 22; Dt 15:18; 1Sa 15:9; Job 42:10; Isa 61:7; Jer 16:18; 17:18; Zec 9:12+), note: for NIV text in 1Sa 15:9, see 5458; 3. LN 33.35–33.68 copy, i.e., a written document which is a representation of the words of the original writing (Dt 17:18+); 4. LN 37.48–37.95 second-in-command, i.e., a very high rank of ruler, second only to the supreme ruler (Ge 41:43; 2Ki 23:4; 25:18; 1Ch 5:12; 15:18; 16:5; 2Ch 28:7; 31:12; Est 10:3; Jer 52:24+); 5. LN 64 matching, i.e., what is comparable and similar so as to be virtually the same in form and appearance (Ezr 1:10+); 6. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: כָּתַב (kā·ṯǎḇ) … מִשְׁנֶה (miš·ně(h)) make a copy, i.e., write a second copy of an original writing (Jos 8:32+)

מִשְׁנֶה (miš·ně(h)): n.pr. [served by 5467]; ≡ Str 4932; TWOT 2421c—LN 93-place Second District: the northern part of Jerusalem, a part extended in the period of the monarchy (2Ki 22:14; 2Ch 34:22; Ne 11:9; Zep 1:10+), note: NIV calls in Zep 1:10 “New Quarter.”

5468 מְשִׁסָּה (mešis·sā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4933; TWOT 2426a—1. LN 57.232–57.248 plunder, loot, booty, i.e., objects and persons which are taken as spoils of war by the conquering enemy (2Ki 21:14; Isa 42:22, 24; Jer 30:16; Zep 1:13+); 2. LN 20.12–20.30 victim, formally, plunder, i.e., one who is harmed by an opponent (Hab 2:7+)

5469 מִשְׁעוֹל (miš·ʿôl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4934; TWOT 2432b—LN 1.99–1.105 narrow path, i.e., a pathway which is relatively narrow with stone walls on each side (Nu 22:24+)

5470 מִשְׁעִי (miš·ʿî): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4935; TWOT 1260a—LN 47.8–47.13 cleansing, cleaning, i.e., the result of washing the body with water and a cleansing agent and so no longer having dirt or other impurities on the body (Eze 16:4+)

5471 מִשְׁעָם (miš·ʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4936;—LN 93-pers. (male) Misham: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:12+)

5472 מִשְׁעָן (miš·ʿān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4937; TWOT 2434a, 2434b—LN 35.31–35.35 supplies, provisions, support, i.e., goods which provide basic needs of life or is a help in some way, as a figurative extension of a staff or support pole which holds something or someone up (2Sa 22:19; Ps 18:19[EB 18]; Isa 3:1+)

5473 מַשְׁעֵן (mǎš·ʿēn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4937; TWOT 2434a—LN 35.31–35.35 supplies, provisions, support, i.e., goods which provide basic needs of life or is a help in some way, as a figurative extension of a staff or support pole which holds something or someone up (Isa 3:1+)

5474 מַשְׁעֵנָה (mǎš·ʿē·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4938; TWOT 2434c, 2434d—LN 35.31–35.35 supplies, provisions, support, i.e., goods which provide basic needs of life or is a help in some way, as a figurative extension of a staff or support pole which holds something or someone up (Isa 3:1+), note: 5472 + 5473 + 5474 combine together to emphasize every kind of support is given

5475 מִשְׁעֶנֶת (miš·ʿě·něṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4938; TWOT 2434c—LN 6.215–6.225 staff, rod, cane, i.e., a sturdy, about shoulder-height, often personalized, stick branch of a tree, with many uses, including herding, punishing by striking, a support for walking on rough terrain or with weak legs, etc. (Ex 21:19; Nu 21:18; Jdg 6:21; 2Ki 4:29,31; 18:21; Ps 23:4; Isa 36:6; Eze 29:6; Zec 8:4+)

5476 מִשְׁפָּחָה (miš·pā·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4940; TWOT 2442b—1. LN 10.1–10.13 people, nation, race, formally, family, i.e., the largest major division of a social/religious/political group (Ge 12:3; 28:14); 2. LN 10.1–10.13 kingdom, i.e., a confederation or union of a part of the tribes of a nation, but not united as a whole (Jer 33:24); 3. LN 10.1–10.13 tribe, formally, family, i.e., a major subgroup of a nation (Jdg 13:2); 4. LN 10.1–10.13 clan, formally, family, i.e., a subgroup of a main clan/tribe division (Ex 6:14); 5. LN 10.14–10.48 family, i.e., a subgroup of a clan, which may involve three or four generations, including, grandparents, parents, siblings, children, etc., closely related by blood (Ex 12:21; Jos 6:23); 6. LN 11.1–11.11 group, guild, i.e., a group associated by their work and not blood-family associations (1Ch 2:55); 7. LN 4 genus, kind, formally, family, i.e., a kind of animal distinct from another (Ge 8:19); 8. LN 58.21–58.30 kind, class, category, i.e., that which is unique and defining to a type or entity (Jer 15:3)

5477 מִשְׁפָּט (miš·pāṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4941; TWOT 2443c—1. LN 56.20–56.34 judgment, i.e., the act. of deciding a legal dispute or case (Dt 1:17); 2. LN 56.1 court, i.e., a place where a legal case is decided (Dt 25:1; Job 9:32); 3. LN 56.2–56.3 case, lawsuit, i.e., a legal action taken in court (2Sa 15:4); 4. LN 56.20–56.34 decision, sentence, i.e., an official proclamation in a legal verdict (1Ki 20:40); 5. LN 56.20–56.34 justice, i.e., a state or condition of fairness in disputes (Ex 23:6); 6. LN 33.333–33.342 law, regulation, prescription, specification, i.e., a spoken or written command which is to be obeyed, often with penalties for non-compliance (Ex 21:1); 7. LN 33 plan, formally, prescription, i.e., a graphic or verbal description of how to build something (Ex 26:30; 1Ki 6:38), see also domain LN 7.77–7.79; 8. LN 63.13–63.20 share, i.e., what is a just amount of a whole (Dt 18:3; 1Ki 5:8[EB 4:28]); 9. LN 41.25–41.28 custom, practice, i.e., a behavior which is more or less fixed and accepted as a normal practice (1Sa 2:13); also part of a compound name, En Mishpat, see 6535; note: 1Ki 7:7, see 395, 395.5

5478 מִשְׁפְּתַיִם (miš·peṯǎ·yim): n.[masc.] dual; ≡ Str 4942; TWOT 2441c—1. LN 6.118–6.151 pack-saddles, saddle-bags, i.e., bags and saddles piled on beasts of burden during the day, and taken off and kept in camp at night (Ge 49:14; Jdg 5:16+), for another interp, see next; 2. LN 2.3–2.6 (BDB, NIV, NAB) campfires, i.e., a heap of burning material (Ge 49:14; Jdg 5:16+); 3. LN 7.54–7.56 (most versions) sheepfold, i.e., an area where sheep are contained by fences and walls (Ge 49:14; Jdg 5:16+), note: context is best served with “saddlebag” in Ge 49:14, and “campfire” in Jdg 5:16, note: giving the same meaning to all the contexts in 9190 & 5478 is consistent, but not necessarily correct; see also 9190

5479 מֶשֶׁק (mě·šěq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4943; TWOT 1261a—1. LN 57.125–57.141 inheritance, possession, i.e., what is an acquisition of a successive generation of goods or land by a prior generation (Ge 15:2+); 2. LN 57.125–57.141 unit: בֵּן מֶשֶׁק (bēn mě·šěq) inheritor, i.e., one who inherits (Ge 15:2+)

5480 מַשָּׁק (mǎš·šāq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4944; TWOT 2460a—LN 39.47–39.50 onslaught, assault, formally, rushing, i.e., sudden, rapid, aggressive motions such as with a swarm of insects (Isa 33:4+), note: NIV translates it as a reference to “swarm,” see also domain LN 4.47–4.50

5481 מְשֻׁקָּד (mešǔq·qāḏ): adj. [BDB: pual ptcp.masc. of 9195]; ≡ Str 8246; TWOT 2451b—LN 79.104–79.109 shape of almond flowers (Ex 25:33,34; 37:19,20+), see also LN 3.47–3.59

5482 I. מַשְׁקֶה (mǎš·qě(h)): n.masc. [oth hif ptcp.masc.]; ≡ Str 4945; TWOT 2452c—1. LN 37.48–37.95 cupbearer, wine taster, i.e., a person in charge of many aspects of the drink of a ruler, including tasting and quality control (Ge 40:1, 2, 5, 9, 13, 20, 21a, 23; 41:9; 1Ki 10:5; 2Ch 9:4; Ne 1:11+), note: often a person in favor and close contact with a king; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 position of cupbearer, i.e., the office of quality control of the drink of a ruler (Ge 40:21b+); 3. LN 5.1–5.22 liquid, i.e., any fluid which is consumable (Lev 11:34; Isa 32:6+); 4. LN 1.95–1.98 well-watered land, i.e., land which is useable for abundant grazing and agriculture (Ge 13:10; Eze 45:15+); 5. LN 6.118–6.151 unit: כְּלִי מַשְׁקֶה (kelî mǎš·qě(h))1 cup, goblet, drinking vessel, i.e., a small container, often hand-held container that holds liquid (1Ki 10:21; 2Ch 9:20+)

5483 II. מַשְׁקֶה (mǎš·qě(h)): n.masc. [BDB]—see 5482

5484 מִשְׁקוֹל (miš·qôl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4946; TWOT 2454b—LN 86.1–86.3 weight, i.e., the relative heaviness of a mass as related to other objects which can be compared (Eze 4:10+)

5485 מַשְׁקוֹף (mǎš·qôp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4947; TWOT 2458c—LN 7.63–7.76 lintel, top, i.e., the upper crosspiece of a doorframe (Ex 12:7, 22, 23+)

5486 מִשְׁקָל (miš·qāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4948; TWOT 2454c—1. LN 86.1–86.3 weight, i.e., the relative heaviness of a mass as related to other objects which can be compared (Ge 24:22; 43:21; Lev 19:35; Nu 7:13, 19, 25, 31, 37, 43, 49, 55, 61, 67, 73, 79; Jos 7:21; Jdg 8:26; 1Sa 17:5; 2Sa 12:30; 21:16; 1Ki 7:47; 10:14; 2Ki 25:16; 1Ch 20:2; 21:25; 22:3, 14; 28:14,15,16, 17,18; 2Ch 3:9; 4:18; 9:13; Ezr 8:30, 34; Jer 52:20; Eze 5:1+); 2. LN 81.1–81.2 force, pressure, formally, weight, i.e., an amount of power which can be measured (Job 28:25+); 3. LN 63.13–63.20 unit: לֶחֶם (lě·ḥěm) … בְּ־ מִשְׁקָל (b- miš·qāl) food ration, portion, formally, bread according to weight, i.e., an objective amount of food as a personal portion (Lev 26:26; Eze 4:16+), see also domain LN 5.1–5.22

5487 מִשְׁקֶלֶת (miš·qě·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4949; TWOT 2454d—1. LN 6.213–6.214 (KB, Holladay, BDB) level, i.e., an instrument for horizontal accuracy (2Ki 21:13; Isa 28:17+), note: the shape of this instrument is not known by this editor; 2. LN 6.213–6.214 (NEB, NIV) plumb-line, i.e., an instrument for vertical accuracy, consisting of a line or cord and plummet-ball on the end to measure vertical right angles to keep a wall straight (2Ki 21:13; Isa 28:17+), note: KJV, ASV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, NKJV, REB, NAB, “plummet;” NJB, “plumb-rule;” Tanakh, “weights;” note: in contexts this is referring to a norm or standard for judgment

מִשְׁקֹלֶת (miš·qō·lěṯ) BDB: see 5487 (2Ki 21:13+)

5488 מִשְׁקָע (miš·qāʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4950; TWOT 2456a—1. LN 63.28–63.31 settling, i.e., what has been separated by gravity and so is no longer mixed (Eze 34:18+); 2. LN 2.7–2.13 unit: מִשְׁקָע מַיִם (miš·qāʿ mǎ·yim) clear water, i.e., water which is not mixed with contaminates and particulates (Eze 34:18+)

5489 מִשְׁרָה (miš·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4952; TWOT 2464a—LN 5.1–5.22 fruit juice, i.e., fluid which has been expressed from fruit (Nu 6:3+), note: in context, grape drink

מֵשָׁרִים (mē·šā·rîm) Holladay, BDB, Lisowsky: see 4797

5490 מִשְׁרָעִי (miš·rā·ʿî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4954;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Mishraite: of Judah, clan of Kiriath Jearim (1Ch 2:53+)

מְשֹׁרֵר (mešō·rēr): n.masc. [oth polel masc.ptcp. of 8876]; ≡ Str 4954;—LN 6.83–6.95 musician, i.e., a male who plays a musical instrument, sings, or directs musicians (1Ch 6:18[EB 33]; 9:33; 15:16, 19, 27; 2Ch 5:12, 13; 20:21; 23:13; 29:28; 35:15; Ezr 2:41, 70; 7:7; 10:24; Ne 7:1, 44, 72[EB 73]; 10:29[EB 28],40[EB 39]; 11:22, 23; 12:28, 29, 42, 45, 46, 47; 13:5, 10+)

מְשֹׁרֵרָה (mešō·rē·rā(h)): n.fem. [oth polel fem.ptcp. of 8876]; ≡ Str 4954;—LN 6.83–6.95 musician, i.e., a female who plays a musical instrument, or sings (Ezr 2:65; Ne 7:67+)

מְשָׁרֵת (mešā·rēṯ): n.masc. [oth piel ptcp.masc.sing. of 9250]; ≡ Str 4954;—LN 35.19–35.30 minister, servant, aide, i.e., one who serves another (Ex 24:13)

משׁשׁ (mšš): see 5491

5491 מָשַׁשׁ (mā·šǎš): v.; ≡ Str 4959; TWOT 1262—LN 24.73–24.76 (qal) touch, feel, i.e., make contact with an object, usually with the hands (Ge 27:12, 22+); (piel) grope, search thoroughly, implying more intense contact (Ge 31:34, 37; Dt 28:29; Job 5:14; 12:25+); (hif) make one grope (Ex 10:21+), note: this refers to a darkness so deep one must grope about in order to move; the NIV translates “be felt” giving a different focus, apparently referring to the quality of darkness, as a figure of very intense darkness; note: Ex 10:21 oth parse as 4630 hif

5492 מִשְׁתֶּה (miš·tě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4960; TWOT 2477c—1. LN 23.1–23.39 meal, feast, banquet, i.e., an eating event either as a common meal or usually a special festive dinner, often including much drinking of wine (Ge 19:3; 21:8; 26:30; 29:22; 40:20; Jdg 14:10, 12, 17; 1Sa 25:36; 2Sa 3:20; 1Ki 3:15; Est 1:3, 5, 9; 2:18; 5:4, 5, 6, 8, 12, 14; 6:14; 7:2, 7, 8; 8:17; 9:17, 18, 19, 22; Job 1:4, 5; Pr 15:15; Ecc 7:2; Isa 5:12; 25:6; Jer 16:8; 51:39+); 2. LN 23.1–23.39 drink, as opposed to food (Ezr 3:7; Da 1:5, 8, 10, 16+)

מַשְׁתִּין (mǎš·tîn) Holladay: see 8874

מת (mt) KB, Lisowsky: see 5493, 5494

מת (mt)[1] Holladay: see 5493

מת (mt)[2] Holladay: see 5494

מֵת (mēṯ): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 4637; ≡ Str 4960; TWOT 2477c—LN 8.1–8.8 corpse, i.e., the carcass of a dead body (Ge 23:3)

מַת (mǎṯ) BDB: see 5493

5493 I. מֹת (mōṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4962; TWOT 1263—1. LN 9.24–9.33 man, i.e., adult male of a human species (Dt 2:34; 3:6), note: for NIV text in Job 24:12 or Isa 5:13, see 4637; 2. LN 9.1–9.23 people, i.e., humans of either male or female (Dt 26:5; Job 11:3, 11; 19:19); 3. LN 59.1–59.10 unit: מֹת מְעַט (mōṯ meʿǎṭ) a few, very few, formally, people of number, i.e., numerically small quantity of people (Dt 26:5; 28:62+); 4. LN 59.1–59.10 unit: מֹת מִסְפָּר (mōṯ mis·pār)1 a few, very few, formally, people of number, i.e., numerically small quantity of people (Ge 34:30; Dt 4:27; 1Ch 16:19; Ps 105:12; Jer 44:28+); 5. LN 87.58–87.75 (NIV, NJB) little, tiny, i.e., insignificant and of low status, or possibly few number (see also above) (Isa 41:14+), note: ASV, RSV, NASB, KJV, NKJV, “men;” for another interp, see 5494

5494 II. מֹת (mōṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4962; TWOT 1263—LN 4.47–4.50 (NEB) louse, i.e., a small, wingless, parasitic insect that lives off warm-blooded creatures (Isa 41:14+); (NAB, REB) maggot; (NRSV) insect; note: another interp, see 5493

5495 מַתְבֵּן (mǎṯ·bēn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4963; TWOT 2493a—LN 3.60–3.67 heap of straw, i.e., a pile of dry, light, brittle (usually) cereal-grain stalks between the bottom of the head of grain and the area above the ground where it is cut off, used as animal provender (food) and binder material in construction (Isa 25:10+), cf. also 9320; see also domain LN 3.47–3.59

5496 מֶתֶג (mě·ṯěḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4964; TWOT 1264a—LN 6.4–6.9 bridle, i.e., a mostly leather headgear for controlling a large mammal as a horse or donkey, which includes a metal bit for a mouthpiece and reins for leading or riding (2Ki 19:28; Ps 32:9; Pr 26:3; Isa 37:29+) note: for proper name in 2Sa 8:1, see 5497

5497 מֶתֶג הָאַמָּה (mě·ṯěḡ hā·ʾǎm·mā(h)): n.pr. [BDB: n.masc. and n.fem.]; ≡ Str 4965;—LN 93-place (loc.) Metheg Ammah: site that David took from the Philistines (2Sa 8:1+), note: BDB translates the phrase as “authority of mother-city;” note: see also WBC11:131 for other translation options as common nouns of “control”

5498 מָתוֹק (mā·ṯôq): n.[masc.] [see also 5498.5]; ≡ Str 4966; TWOT 1268c—1. LN 5.1–5.22 something sweet, i.e., a food that has a sugary, pleasant taste (Jdg 14:14+); 2. LN 79.39–79.44 sweetness, i.e., the concept of being or having a pleasant, sugary taste (Eze 3:3+)

מָתוֹק (mā·ṯôq): adj. [served by 5498]; ≡ Str 4966; TWOT 1268c—1. LN 79.39–79.44 sweet, i.e., pertaining to that taste which is pleasant and sugary (Jdg 14:18; Ps 19:11[EB 10]; Pr 24:13; 27:7; SS 2:3; Isa 5:20+); 2. LN 25.85–25.98 pleasant, formally, sweet, i.e., pertaining to that which is agreeable and acceptable, implying enjoyment (Pr 16:24; Ecc 5:11[EB 12]; 11:7+)

5499 מְתוּשָׁאֵל (meṯû·šā·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4967;—LN 93-pers. (male) Methushael: of Adam by Cain, father of a Lamech (Ge 4:18+), note: see also 4347(1.)

5500 מְתוּשֶׁלַח (meṯû·šě·lǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4968;—LN 93-pers. (male) Methuselah: of Noah by Seth, father of Lamech (Ge 5:21–27 passim; 1Ch 3:1+), note: see also 4347(2.)

מתח (mtḥ): see 5501

5501 מָתַח (mā·ṯǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 4969; TWOT 1265—LN 15.135–15.140 (qal impf.) spread out, i.e., to stretch out an object to cover a greater area as a linear movement in many directions simultaneously (Isa 40:22+)

5502 מִתְחָה (miṯ·ḥā(h)): n.fem. [oth 4946 + 9393]; ≡ Str 8478; TWOT 2504—LN 16 spreading out, i.e., extend one’s hands and arms in a non-linear motion (Dt 33:27 cj+)

5503 מָתַי (mā·ṯǎy): adv.; ≡ Str 4970; TWOT 1266—1. LN 67.17–67.64 How long?, Until When?, When?, i.e., an interrogative marker of a point in time roughly simultaneous or overlapping another point of time, implying a potential extending of a period of time which the speaker does not wish (Ge 30:30; Ex 10:3, 7; Nu 14:27; 1Sa 1:14; 16:1; 2Sa 2:26; 1Ki 18:21; Ne 2:6; Job 7:4; Ps 6:4[EB 3]; 41:6[EB 5]; 42:3[EB 2]; 74:10; 80:5[EB 4]; 82:2; 90:13; 94:3,8; 101:2; 119:82, 84; Pr 1:22; 6:9; 23:35; Isa 6:11; Jer 4:14, 21; 12:4; 13:27; 23:26; 31:22; 47:5; Da 8:13; 12:6; Hos 8:5; Am 8:5; Hab 2:6; Zec 1:12+); 2. LN 67.17–67.64 when, i.e., a point of time simultaneous or overlapping another point of time (Ex 8:5[EB 9]+)

מְתִים (meṯîm) BDB: see 5493

5504 מַתְכֹּנֶת (mǎṯ·kō·něṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4971; TWOT 2511c—1. LN 63.13–63.20 quota, tally, fixed measure, i.e., an amount which is assigned as a share or portion of a whole (Ex 5:8+); 2. LN 81.1–81.2 unit of measurement, size, i.e., a fixed standard amount of volume, or weight which is universally agreed upon (Eze 45:11+); 3. LN 33 plan, design, formally, measurements, i.e., a set of instructions or graphics which show the details of building a construction (2Ch 24:13+), see also domain LN 7.77–7.79; 4. LN 33.11–33.25 formula, recipe, i.e., a set of standardized measurements and instructions (oral or written) which when followed produced the same product or result, as a type of discourse (Ex 30:32, 37+)

5505 מַתְּלָאָה (mǎt·telā·ʾā(h)): see 4537 + 9430 (Mal 1:13+)

מִתְלַהְלֵהַּ (miṯ·lǎh·lēah): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4972; TWOT 1066a—LN 30.1–30.38 a madman (Pr 26:18+), note: oth parse as ptcp. of 4263

מִתְלַהֲמִים (miṯ·lǎ·hǎmîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 4972; TWOT 1066a—LN 5.1–5.22 choice morsels, dainty morsel, i.e., a tidbit of food that is easy to consume (Pr 18:8; 26:22+), note: for another parsing as hitp ptcp., see 4269

5506 מְתַלְּעוֹת (meṯǎl·leʿôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 4973; TWOT 2516d—1. LN 8.9–8.69 incisor, fang, i.e., the long teeth which can pierce and hold prey or food (Job 29:17; Joel 1:6+), see also 4922; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 jaw, i.e., that part of the mouth and face that hold the teeth (Pr 30:14+)

5507 מְתֹם (meṯōm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4974; TWOT 2522e—1. LN 23.129–23.141 health, i.e., a state of physical soundness of the body (Ps 38:4[EB 3],8[EB 7]; Isa 1:6+); 2. LN 59.23–59.34 totality, the whole, all, i.e., the entirety of a collection or mass (Jdg 20:48+)

5508 I. מַתָּן (mǎt·tān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4976; TWOT 1443b—1. LN 57.71–57.124 gift, present, i.e., an object given freely to another as a token of relationship and good will (Ge 34:12; Pr 18:16; 19:6; 21:14+), note: in some social or religious contexts a “gift” may have varying degrees of obligation or at least expectation to be given; 2. LN 53.16–53.27 offering, i.e., that which is presented to deity, with a focus on the willful giving of this token (Nu 18:11+)

5509 II. מַתָּן (mǎt·tān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4977;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mattan: 1. priest of Baal in the time of Queen Athaliah (2Ki 11:18; 2Ch 23:17+) 2. father of Shephatiah (Jer 38:1+)

5510 I. מַתָּנָה (mǎt·tā·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4979; TWOT 1443c—1. LN 57.71–57.124 gift, i.e., something given to another as a present of good will or relationship (Ge 25:6; 2Ch 21:3; Est 9:22; Ps 68:19[EB 18]; Eze 46:16, 17+); 2. LN 53.16–53.27 offering, gift, i.e., something given to deity or the representatives of the deity (Ex 28:38; Lev 23:38; Nu 18:6, 7, 29; Eze 20:26, 31, 39+); 3. LN 74 unit: ךְּ־ מַתָּנָה יָד ־ֹו ךְּ־ (k- mǎt·tā·nā(h) yāḏ ō-w k-) according to ability, formally, as the gift of the hand, i.e., that which one is able to do based on one’s situation (Dt 16:17+); 4. LN 57.172–57.177 bribe, pay off, i.e., a gift which is given as a quid pro quo and so an act. of hiring the service of another (Pr 15:27; Ecc 7:7+)

5511 II. מַתָּנָה (mǎt·tā·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4980;—LN 93-place (loc.) Mattanah: stop on the exodus route (Nu 21:18, 19+)

5512 מִתְנִי (miṯ·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4981;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Mithnite: pertaining to a family name or place related to the warriors of David (1Ch 11:43+)

5513 מַתְּנַי (mǎt·tenǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4982;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mattenai: 1. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:33+) 2. another divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:37+) 3. priestly head in the days of Joiakim (Ne 12:19+)

5514 מַתַּנְיָה (mǎt·tǎn·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4983;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mattaniah: 1. see 5515(1.) 2. Levite ancestor in the time of Jehoshaphat (2Ch 20:14+) 3. see 5515(2.) 4. divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:26+) 5. another divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:27+) 6. yet another divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:30+) 7. still another divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:37+) 8. The original name of the last king of Judah, Zedekiah (2Ki 24:17+) 9. Levite minister (1Ch 9:15+) 10. another Levite minister (Ne 11:17, 22+) 11. Levites musician with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:8, 25+), note: some combine 9, 10, 11 as one referent 12. ancestor of a priest at the dedication of the walls (Ne 12:35+) 13. ancestor of storeroom keeper for Nehemiah (Ne 13:13+)

5515 מַתַּנְיָהוּ (mǎt·tǎn·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4983;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mattaniahu (Mattaniah NIV): 1. Levite in the time of David (1Ch 25:4, 16+) 2. Levite in the time of King Hezekiah of Judah (2Ch 29:13+), see also 5514

5516 מָתְנַיִם (māṯ·nǎ·yim): n.masc. dual; ≡ Str 4975; TWOT 1267a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 waist, i.e., the narrowed area of the body between the chest and hips (Ex 28:42); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 back, i.e., the rear part of the body from the neck to the spine that carries burdens, possibly with a focus on the lower part of the back (Ps 66:11); 3. LN 8.1–8.8 body, i.e., the physical person in its entirety (Isa 20:2; 21:3; Na 2:11[EB 10]); 4. LN 79.104–79.109 side, i.e., the area beside an object (Ne 4:12[EB 17]; Eze 9:2, 3, 11); 5. LN 8.9–8.69 loins, i.e., the area of the genitals of a body, thought as the seat of strength and vigor (Dt 33:11; Job 40:16); 6. LN 26 heart, formally, loins, i.e., the inner self of a person, with a focus on the emotional aspect of a person (Eze 21:11[EB 6]); 7. LN 6.29–6.40 armor, formally, loins, i.e., a defensive protection for battle (Isa 45:1), note: oth as “loins” as a part of the body; 8. LN 49 unit: שִׂים מָתְנַיִם (śîm māṯ·nǎ·yim) clothe, put on, formally, place on the waist, i.e., the dressing of oneself with clothing (Ge 37:34); 9. LN 49 unit: עָלָה עַל מָתְנַיִם (ʿā·lā(h) ʿǎl māṯ·nǎ·yim) clothe, put on, formally, lift up on the waist, i.e., the dressing of oneself with clothing (Am 8:10); 10. LN 49 unit: חָזַק מָתְנַיִם (ḥā·zǎq māṯ·nǎ·yim) prepare for action, formally, strengthen the loins, i.e., (Na 2:2[EB 1]+); 11. LN 49 unit: חָגַר מָתְנַיִם (ḥā·ḡǎr māṯ·nǎ·yim) prepare for movement, formally, tuck in the loins, i.e., tuck the end of a tunic into the belt and so be prepared to walk, run, or work (Ex 12:11; 2Ki 4:29; 2Ki 9:1; Pr 31:17+); 12. LN 49 unit: שָׁנַס מָתְנַיִם (šā·nǎs māṯ·nǎ·yim) prepare for movement, formally, gird the loins, i.e., tuck the end of a tunic into the belt and so be prepared to walk, run, or work (1Ki 18:46+); 13. LN 49 unit: אָזַר מָתְנַיִם (ʾā·zǎr māṯ·nǎ·yim) prepare for movement, formally, bind the loins, i.e., tuck the end of a tunic into the belt and so be prepared to walk, run, or work (Jer 1:17+); 14. LN 4.1–4.37 unit: זַרְזִיר מָתְנַיִם (zǎr·zîr māṯ·nǎ·yim) strutting rooster, formally, girded of loins, i.e., a proud looking animal when it walks (Pr 30:31+)

מתק (mtq): see 5517

5517 מָתַק (mā·ṯǎq): v.; ≡ Str 4985, 4988; TWOT 1268—1. LN 79.39–79.44 (qal) be, become sweet, i.e., pertaining to an object which has a pleasant taste (Ex 15:25; Job 21:33; Pr 9:17+); (hif) taste sweet, enjoy sweetness (Job 20:12; Ps 55:15[EB 14]+), note: in some contexts this refers to a pleasant experience of any kind; 2. LN 23.1–23.39 feast, formally, suck, i.e., thrive by eating as an extension of a sucking action or smacking the lips (Job 24:20+)

5518 מָתֵק (mā·ṯēq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4986; TWOT 1268a—LN 33.354–33.364 pleasant words, formally, sweetness, i.e., enjoyable words spoken to one dear to them (Pr 16:21; 27:9+)

מֶתֶק (mě·ṯěq) BDB: see 5518

5519 מֹתֶק (mō·ṯěq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4987; TWOT 1268b—LN 79.39–79.44 sweetness, i.e., one of the four basic tastes of the mouth, a pleasant taste characterized by foods with natural sugars, as the feature of an object (Jdg 9:11+)

5520 מִתְקָה (miṯ·qā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4989;—LN 93-place (loc.) Mithcah: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:28, 29+)

5521 מִתְרְדָת (miṯ·reḏāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4990;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mithredath: 1. Persian treasurer (Ezr 1:8+) 2. another Persian officer (Ezr 4:7+)

5522 מַתַּת (mǎt·tǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4991; TWOT 1443d—1. LN 57.71–57.124 gift, i.e., something given to another as a token of good will and relationship (1Ki 13:7; Pr 25:14; Ecc 3:13; 5:18[EB 19]+); 2. LN 74 unit: מַתַּת יָד ־ֹו (mǎt·tǎṯ yāḏ ō-w) according to ability, formally, gift of his hand, i.e., that which one is able to do based on one’s situation or inclination (Eze 46:5, 11+)

5523 מַתַּתָּה (mǎt·tǎt·tā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4992;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mattattah: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:33+)

5524 מַתִּתְיָה (mǎt·tiṯ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4993;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mattithiah: 1. see 5525(1.) 2. Levite chosen by David for tabernacle service (1Ch 16:5+) 3. of Levi, temple baker (1Ch 9:31+) 4. divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:43+) 5. one who stood with Ezra (Ne 8:4+), see also 5525

5525 מַתִּתְיָהוּ (mǎt·tiṯ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4993;—LN 93-pers. (male) Mattithiahu (Mattithiah NIV): Levite musician in the time of David (1Ch 15:18, 21; 25:3, 21+), note: some identify as 5524(2.), see also 5524

‍נ‍, ן

5526 ן (n): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

־ן (n): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3mp.)—see 5527 they, their

5527 ־ָן (ā-n): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3mp.)—LN 92.11–92.25 they, their, reference to definite persons or objects in a given context (Ex 2:17)

5528 I. נָא (nā(ʾ)): pt. enclitic; ≡ Str 4994; TWOT 1269—LN 91.6–91.12 Please!, I beg you!, I pray!, i.e., a marker of emphasis, with a focus on the desire of the speaker, used to heighten a sense of urgency, intensity (Ge 12:11), note: used in both entreaty or exhortation; note: NIV does not usually translate in a direct formal way

5529 II. נָא (nā(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 4995; TWOT 1358a—LN 46 raw, i.e., pertaining to that which is uncooked (Ex 12:9+), note: in context, animal flesh

5530 נֹא (nō(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4996;—LN 93-place (loc.) No (Thebes NIV): city in Egypt (Jer 46:25; Eze 30:14, 15, 16+); also, a part of a compound name, No Amon, (Thebes in NIV) see 5531

5531 נֹא אָמוֹן (nō(ʾ) ʾā·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4996, 527;—LN 93-place (loc.) No Amon (Thebes NIV): city in Egypt (Na 3:8+)

5532 נֹאד (nō(ʾ)ḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4997; TWOT 1270—1. LN 6.118–6.151 skin vessel, leather bottle, i.e., a container made of an animal hide in one piece, the appendages tied or sewn, the neck the funnel, used to hold and pour the consumable liquid (Jos 9:4, 13; Jdg 4:19; 1Sa 16:20; Ps 119:83+), note: in Ps 33:7 for MT text, see 5603; 2. LN 6.54–6.67 scroll, i.e., leather prepared and smoothed for writing upon (Ps 56:9[EB 8]+)

נֶאְדָּר (něʾ·dār): adj. [oth nif ptcp. of 158]; ≡ Str 4997; TWOT 1270—LN 79.18–79.23 glorious, majestic, i.e., pertaining to being wonderful and self-evident and easily identified (Ex 15:6, 11+), see also domain LN 87.4–87.18

נאה (nʾh): see 5533

5533 נָאָה (nā·ʾā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 4998; TWOT 1271—LN 79.9–79.17 (qal) be beautiful, be suitable, i.e., be in a state of having lovely, befitting appearance (SS 1:10; Isa 52:7+), note: some parse these two as pilel or palel; (piel) adorn, i.e., make an object beautiful, implying a fitting appearance (Ps 93:5+), note: Holladay parses as qal, Davidson as pilel, oth palel; the editor thinks this is some form of a doubling (“intensive”) stem; note: for Ps 141:5 cj, see 5648; note: some parse Ps 93:5; SS 1:10, Isa 52:7 as 203

נֶאֱהָב (ně·ʾěhāḇ): adj. [oth nif ptcp. of 170]; ≡ Str 4998; TWOT 1271—LN 25.33–25.58 lovable, loved, i.e., pertaining to having friends, and being desireable in human relationship of all levels and kinds (2Sa 1:23+)

נאוֹד (nʾôḏ) Holladay: see 5532 (Jdg 4:19+)

5534 נָאוֶה (nā(ʾ)·wě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 5000; TWOT 1271a—1. LN 79.9–79.17 lovely, i.e., pertaining to being beautiful in appearance (SS 1:5; 2:14; 4:3; 6:4; Jer 6:2+), note: Jer 6:2 see also 5660; 2. LN 66 fitting, suited, i.e., pertaining to what is proper and appropriate to a situation (Ps 33:1; 147:1; Pr 17:7; 19:10; 26:1+)

נָאוֹר (nā·ʾôr): adj. [oth nif ptcp. of 239]; ≡ Str 5000; TWOT 1271a—LN 14.36–14.52 brilliant, resplendent, i.e., pertaining to a very bright light (Ps 76:5[EB 4]+), note: in context, implying majesty and possibly purity

נִאוּפִים (ni·ʾû·p̄îm) Holladay: see 5539 (Eze 23:43+)

נְאוֹת (neʾôṯ): see 5661

נֶאֱלָח (ně·ʾělāḥ): adj.—see 480 (Job 15:16+)

נאם (nʾm): see 5535

5535 נָאַם (nā·ʾǎm): v.; ≡ Str 5001; TWOT 1272—LN 33.459–33.462 (qal impf.) declare as a prophet, i.e., speak under divine influence (Jer 23:31+)

5536 נְאֻם (neʾǔm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5002; TWOT 1272a—LN 91.1–91.5 declaration, oracle, i.e., a marker of prophetic discourse as a marker of the origin and authority of the message in the discourse, found in the beginning, middle, and mostly on the end of a discourse (Jer 23:31)

נאף (nʾp): see 5537

5537 נָאַף (nā·ʾǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5003; TWOT 1273—LN 88.271–88.282 (qal) commit adultery, i.e., have sexual intercourse with other than a spouse, as a married or betrothed person, generally, a person of low social status (Ex 20:14; Lev 20:10; Dt 5:18; Job 24:15; Pr 6:32; Jer 3:9; 5:7; 7:9; 23:14; Eze 16:38; 23:45; Hos 4:2+); (piel) commit adultery (Ps 50:18; Pr 30:20; Isa 57:3; Jer 3:8; 9:1[EB 2]; 23:10; 29:23; Eze 16:32; 23:37; Hos 3:1; 4:13, 14; 7:4; Mal 3:5+), note: in some contexts this refers to religious adultery, usually in which Israel is viewed as the unfaithful female spouse to the LORD in a covenantal marriage contract, see also domain LN 31.82–31.101

נַאֲפוּף (nǎ·ʾǎp̄ûp̄) BDB: see 5538

5538 נַאֲפוּפִים (nǎ·ʾǎp̄û·p̄îm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5005; TWOT 1273b—LN 6.188–6.196 marks of unfaithfulness, signs of adultery, i.e., jewelry or ornaments worn by a harlot as a non-verbal communication that she is available for illicit service (Hos 2:4[EB 2]+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489, note: some source give the meaning as the concept or commission of adultery, see also domain LN 88.271–88.282

נִאֻף (ni·ʾǔp̄) BDB: see 5539

5539 נִאֻפִים (ni·ʾǔ·p̄îm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5004; TWOT 1273a—LN 88.271–88.282 adultery, i.e., that act. of sexual relations of a married or betrothed person with one who is not a partner (Jer 13:27; Eze 23:43+), note: in context it refers to pagan worship

נאץ (nʾṣ): see 5540

5540 נָאַץ (nā·ʾǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 5006; TWOT 1274—LN 88.192–88.197 (qal) despise, reject, spurn, i.e., feel contempt or strong dislike for an object, rejecting as having little or no value either or both by words and actions, see also domain LN 34.40–34.41 (Dt 32:19; Ps 107:11; Pr 1:30; 5:12; 15:5; Jer 14:21; 33:24; La 2:6+); (piel) treat with contempt, revile, despise (Nu 14:11, 23; 16:30; Dt 31:20; 1Sa 2:17; 2Sa 12:14; Ps 10:3, 13; 74:10, 18; Isa 1:4; 5:24; 60:14; Jer 23:17+); (hitpoel) reviled, blasphemed (Isa 52:5+), see also domain LN 33.387–33.403

5541 נְאָצָה (neʾā·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5007; TWOT 1274a, 1274b—LN 87.58–87.75 disgrace, shame, i.e., be in a state of disrepute and dishonor and so of low status (2Ki 19:3; Isa 37:3+)

5542 נֶאָצָה (ně·ʾā·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5007; TWOT 1274a—LN 33.387–33.403 contemptible words, blasphemies, i.e., words which insult and slander and so show disdain for another, with a focus on the content of those words (Ne 9:18, 26; Eze 35:12+)

נאק (nʾq): see 5543

5543 נָאַק (nā·ʾǎq): v.; ≡ Str 5008; TWOT 1275—LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) groan, moan, i.e., to make a non-verbal guttural noise of great physical pain and suffering (Job 24:12; Eze 30:24+)

5544 נְאָקָה (neʾā·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5009; TWOT 1275a—LN 25.135–25.145 groaning, moaning, i.e., a non-verbal guttural noise of great physical pain and suffering (Ex 2:24; 6:5; Jdg 2:18; Eze 30:24+)

נאר (nʾr): see 5545

5545 נָאַר (nā·ʾǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5010; TWOT 1276—LN 34.42–34.49 (piel pf.) renounce, reject, disavow, i.e., disclaim or refuse to acknowledge in obedience to some agreement, implying disdain and lack of relationship for the other party (Ps 89:40[EB 39]; La 2:7+)

5546 נֹב (nōḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5011;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nob: town in Benjamin, (1Sa 21:2[EB 1]; 22:9, 11, 19; Ne 11:32; Isa 10:32+), note: BDB divides Ne. and Isa. apparently as a second city, though most sources see as one city

נבא (nbʾ): see 5547

5547 נָבָא (nā·ḇā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 5012; TWOT 1277—LN 33.459–33.462 (niph) prophesy, speak as a prophet, i.e., communicate a message from a deity, either of proper behavior to a standard, or of future events (1Sa 10:11); (hitp) (1Sa 10:13)

נבב (nbb): see 5548

5548 נָבַב (nā·ḇǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 5014; TWOT 1278—see 5554 (KB, BDB: qal pass. ptcp. as a)

נֹבֶה (nō·ḇě(h)) BDB: see 5546 + 2025 (1Sa 21:2[EB 1]; 22:9+)

5549 I. נְבוֹ (neḇô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5015; TWOT 1279, 1280—LN 93-place (a mountain) Nebo: 1. place where Moses died (Dt 32:49; 34:1+) 2. town in Moab, allotted to Reuben (Nu 32:3, 38; 33:47; 1Ch 5:8; Isa 15:2; Jer 48:1, 22+) 3. town possibly in Judah (Ezr 2:29; Ne 7:33+), note: some see Ezr 10:43 as the name of a person, see 5551

5550 II. נְבוֹ (neḇô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5015; TWOT 1279—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Nebo: god of Babylon (Isa 46:1+); also, a part of a compound name, Nebo-Sarsekim, see 5552

5551 III. נְבוֹ (neḇô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5015; TWOT 1279—LN 93-pers. (male) Nebo: divorcee of a foreign wife, (Ezr 10:43+), note: some see this as a place name, see 5549(3.)

נָבוֹן (nā·ḇôn): adj. [oth nif ptcp.masc.sing. of 1067]—see 1022 (Ge 41:33)

5552 נְבוּ שַׂר־סְכִים (neḇû śǎr-·seḵîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5562;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nebo-Sarsekim: name or title of one of the princes of Babylon (Jer 39:3+), note: some versions place “Nebo” with prior “Samgar”

5553 נְבוּאָה (neḇû·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5016; TWOT 1277b—LN 33.459–33.462 prophesy, the word of the prophet, i.e., a communication (written or verbal) to a prophet from a deity, with a focus on the content of the message (2Ch 9:29; 15:8; Ne 6:12+)

5554 נָבוּב (nā·ḇûḇ): adj. [BDB, KB qal pass.ptcp. of 5548]; ≡ Str 5014; TWOT 1278—1. LN 80.1–80.4 hollowed, i.e., pertaining to having an empty space (Ex 27:8; 38:7; Jer 52:21+); 2. LN 32.42–32.61 witless, formally, hollowed, i.e., pertaining to lacking understanding to a high degree, as a figurative extension of a hollowed space, assumedly in the head, so be an empty-head (Job 11:12+)

5555 נְבוּזַרְאֲדָן (neḇû·zǎr·ʾǎḏān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5018;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nebuzaradan: commanding officer of Nebuchadnezzar (2Ki 25:8, 11, 20; Jer 39:10–52:30 passim+)

נְבוּכַדְנֶאצּוֹר (neḇû·ḵǎḏ·ně(ʾ)ṣ·ṣôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5018;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nebuchadnezzar: king of Babylon (Ezr 2:1 K+), for Q, see 5556

5556 נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר (neḇû·ḵǎḏ·ně(ʾ)ṣ·ṣǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5019;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nebuchadnezzar: king of Babylon (2Ki 24:1), see also 5557

נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר (neḇû·ḵǎḏ·něṣ·ṣǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5019;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nebuchadnezzar: king of Babylon (Ezr 1:7; Ne 7:6; Da 1:18; 2:1), see also 5556

נְבוּכַדְרֶאצּוֹר (neḇû·ḵǎḏ·rě(ʾ)ṣ·ṣôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5019;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nebuchadnezzar: king of Babylon (Jer 49:28 K+), for Q, see 5557

5557 נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר (neḇû·ḵǎḏ·rě(ʾ)ṣ·ṣǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5019;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nebuchadnezzar: king of Babylon (Jer 21:2–52:30 passim; Eze 26:7; 29:18, 19; 30:10+), see also 5556

נְבוּשַׁזְבַּן (neḇû·šǎz·bǎn): see 5558

5558 נְבוּשַׁזְבָּן (neḇû·šǎz·bān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5021;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nebushazban: officer of King Nebuchadnezzar (Jer 39:13+)

5559 נָבוֹת (nā·ḇôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5022;—LN 93-pers. (male) Naboth: owner of the vineyard in Jezreel (1Ki 21:1–19 passim; 2Ki 9:21, 25, 26+)

נִבְזֶה (niḇ·zě(h)): see 1022

נבח (nbḥ): see 5560

5560 נָבַח (nā·ḇǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5024; TWOT 1281—LN 14.74–14.86 (qal inf. cs.) bark, i.e., the normal sound of a dog communicating (Isa 56:10+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

5561 I. נֹבַח (nō·ḇǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5025;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nobah: of Manasseh (Nu 32:42+), see also 5562(1.)

5562 II. נֹבַח (nō·ḇǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5025;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nobah: 1. another name for Kenath, (Nu 32:42+), see also 5561 2. site pertaining to Judge Gideon and the Midianites (Jdg 8:11+), note: possibly same as 1., see also 7875

5563 נִבְחַז (niḇ·ḥǎz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5026;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Nibhaz: god of the Avvites (2Ki 17:31+)

נבט (nbṭ): see 5564

5564 נָבַט (nā·ḇǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 5027; TWOT 1282—1. LN 24.1–24.51 (piel) look at, observe, gaze, i.e., use the perception of sight to see or detect objects, implying interpretation and understanding of what is observed (Isa 5:30+); (hif) look at, gaze at, consider (Ge 15:5); 2. LN 30.39–30.52 (hif) have regard, formally, see, i.e., think about an object, implying an appropriate, caring response (Ps 10:14; 74:20), see also domain LN 35.36–35.46

5565 נְבָט (neḇāṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5028;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nebat: father of Jeroboam I, king of the northern kingdom, Israel (1Ki 11:26)

5566 נָבִיא (nā·ḇî(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5030; TWOT 1277a—LN 53.79 prophet, i.e., male who speaks or proclaims the message of a deity (1Sa 3:20; 1Ki 18:20; La 2:14); note: for NIV text in Eze 22:25, see 5954

5567 נְבִיאָה (neḇî·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5031; TWOT 1277c—LN 53.80 prophetess, i.e., female who speaks or proclaims the message of a deity (Ex 15:20; Jdg 4:4; 2Ki 22:14; 2Ch 34:22; Ne 6:14; Isa 8:3+)

5568 נְבָיוֹת (neḇāy·wōṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5032;—LN 93-pers. Nebaioth: 1. (male) of Abraham, son of Ishmael (Ge 25:13; 28:9; 36:3; 1Ch 1:29+) 2. (gent.) the people of Nebaioth (Isa 60:7+), note: according to BDB, Nabateans, contra KB

5569 נֵבֶךְ (nē·ḇěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5033; TWOT 1283—1. LN 80.5–80.7 source, i.e., a bottom-most limit of a space, as a far boundary point (Job 38:16+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 1.69–1.78 sea floor, i.e., the sandy bottom of the ocean floor, referring to the water source of the sea’s water (Job 38:16+)

נבל (nbl): see 5570, 5571

5570 I. נָבֵל (nā·ḇēl): v. [see also 5579.5]; ≡ Str 5034; TWOT 1286—1. LN 79.78–79.83 (qal) wither, shrivel, i.e., to have a biological plant, or a part of a plant lose vital moisture, and so lose its natural color and shape, implying the death and decay of the object (Job 14:18; Ps 1:3; 37:2; Isa 1:30; 24:4; 28:1, 4; 34:4; 40:7, 8; 64:5[EB 6]; Jer 8:13; Eze 47:12+); 2. LN 23.78–23.87 (qal) wear out, tire, formally, shrivel, i.e., be in a physical or mental state or condition of weariness, as an extension of the physical shriveling or withering of an object (Ex 18:18+); 3. LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) lose heart, formally, shrivel, i.e., have a fearful attitude or emotion, implying concern for the future circumstance, as an extension of an object becoming physically dried or withered (2Sa 22:46; Ps 18:46[EB 45]+), note: Isa 34:4c, see 5579.5; Job 14:18, some parse as 5571

5571 II. נָבַל (nā·ḇǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5034; TWOT 1286—1. LN 32.42–32.61 (qal) play the fool, i.e., act. in a disdainful way, and so exhibit a lack of understanding (Pr 30:32+); 2. LN 88.192–88.197 (piel) dishonor, treat with contempt, reject, i.e., treat an object in a contemptible manner, showing a lack of value for the object, and showing a low status of the object (Dt 32:15; Jer 14:21; Mic 7:6; Na 3:6+), see also domain LN 87.58–87.75

5572 I. נָבָל (nā·ḇāl): adj.; ≡ Str 5036; TWOT 1285a—LN 32.42–32.61 foolish, stupid, i.e., pertaining to lacking understanding or even the capacity for understanding, implying a willful moral insolence and impudence and disobedience to the law of God (Dt 32:6, 21; Ps 74:18; Eze 13:3+)

נָבָל (nā·ḇāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5036; TWOT 1285a—LN 32.42–32.61 fool, i.e., man or person who lacks understanding or even the capacity for understanding, implying he is a rebel and disobedient to the law of God (1Sa 25:25; 2Sa 3:33; 13:13; Job 30:8; Ps 14:1; 39:9[EB 8]; 53:2[EB 1]; 74:22; Pr 17:7, 21; 30:22; Isa 32:5, 6; Jer 17:11+), see also 5572, 5573; note: for n.fem. in Job 2:10, see 5576

5573 II. נָבָל (nā·ḇāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5037;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nabal: husband of Abigail, a wealthy but foolish herder (1Sa 25:2–39 passim; 27:3; 30:5; 2Sa 2:2; 3:3+), see also 5572, 5572.5

נֶבֶל (ně·ḇěl) BDB: see 5575 (Ps 71:22; Isa 5:12)

5574 I. נֵבֶל (nē·ḇěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5035; TWOT 1284a—1. LN 6.118–6.151 leather vessel, i.e., a container made of animal skin (as a sheep), tied at the legs, with the neck as the spout to hold liquid (1Sa 1:24; 10:3; 25:18; 2Sa 16:1; Jer 13:12+); 2. LN 6.118–6.151 earthen vessel, jar, jug, pot, i.e., a container made of clay used to hold liquid (Job 38:37; Isa 22:24; 30:14; Jer 48:12; La 4:2+)

5575 II. נֵבֶל (nē·ḇěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5035; TWOT 1284a, 1284b—LN 6.83–6.95 stringed instrument, lyre, harp, kithara, i.e., a musical instrument consisting of a strong frame, taut strings of animal or plant material, plucked to make melodic sounds, usually of a portable size (1Sa 10:5; 2Sa 6:5; 1Ki 10:12; 1Ch 13:8; 15:16, 20, 28; 16:5; 25:1, 6; 2Ch 5:12; 9:11; 20:28; 29:25; Ne 12:27; Ps 33:2; 57:9[EB 8]; 71:22; 81:3[EB 2]; 92:4[EB 3]; 108:3[EB 2]; 144:9; 150:3; Isa 5:12; 14:11; Am 5:23; 6:5+)

5576 נְבָלָה (neḇā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5039; TWOT 1285b—1. LN 88.149–88.151 disgraceful thing, wicked thing, i.e., what is in defiance of moral or social standards and so considered outrageous, and brings a resulting disgrace (Ge 34:7; Dt 22:21; Jos 7:15; Jdg 19:23, 24; 20:6, 10; 2Sa 13:12; Jer 29:23+); 2. LN 32.42–32.61 folly, foolishness, i.e., that which is senseless and so shows a lack and even capacity for understanding, implying moral failure (1Sa 25:25; Job 42:8; Isa 9:16[EB 17]; 32:6); 3. LN 32.42–32.61 female fool, i.e., a woman that lacks understanding or even the capacity for understanding (Job 2:10+), note: for n.masc., see 5572.5

5577 נְבֵלָה (neḇē·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5038; TWOT 1286a—LN 8.1–8.8 dead body, carcass, i.e., the corpse of a deceased person or animal (Lev 5:2; 7:24; 11:8–40 passim; 17:15; 22:8; Dt 14:8, 21; 21:23; 28:26; Jos 8:29; 1Ki 13:22–30 passim; 2Ki 9:37; Ps 79:2; Isa 5:25; 26:19; Jer 7:33; 9:21[EB 22]; 16:4, 18; 19:7; 26:23; 34:20; 36:30; Eze 4:14; 44:31+)

5578 נַבְלוּת (nǎḇ·lûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5040; TWOT 1285c—LN 8.9–8.69 female private parts, formally, shame, i.e., the parts of a woman normally covered in modesty, the uncovering of which would constitute lewdness (Hos 2:12[EB 10]+), note: others translate as “shamefulness,” as the concept of disgrace, see also domain LN 88.149–88.151

5579 נְבַלָּט (neḇǎl·lāṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5041;—LN 93-place (loc.) Neballat: town in Benjamin (Ne 11:34+)

נֹבֶלֶת (nō·ḇě·lěṯ): n.fem. [oth qal act.ptcp.fem.] [served by 5570]; ≡ Str 5041;—LN 3.33–3.46 withered fruit, i.e., produce which is shriveled and dried on the vine, so capable of falling off the vine or stem (Isa 34:4c+)

נבע (nbʿ): see 5580

5580 נָבַע (nā·ḇǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 5042; TWOT 1287—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) gush, bubble forth, i.e., to have a mass of liquid or air move freely and profusely (Pr 18:4; Ecc 10:1+); 2. LN 33.69–33.108 (hif) utter, pour out, spew, i.e., speak profusely uttering words or statements, as an extension of a prolific effusion or free movement of a mass (Ps 19:3[EB 2]; 59:8[EB 7]; 78:2; 94:4; 119:171; 145:7; Pr 1:23; 15:2, 28+)

נָבָר (nā·ḇār): see 1405 nif (2Sa 22:27; Ps 18:27[EB 26]+)

5581 נִבְשָׁן (niḇ·šān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5044;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nibshan: desert town in Judah (Jos 15:62+)

5582 נֶגֶב (ně·ḡěḇ): n.pr. [see also 5582.5]; ≡ Str 5045; TWOT 1288a—LN 93-place (terr) the Negev: geographical region S of Judah, its center at Beersheba, considered a part of Canaan (Ge 12:9), note: there are various districts that were considered distinct by the writers: 1. Negev of Caleb (1Sa 30:14b) 2. Negev of Jerahmeel (1Sa 27:10b) 3. Negev of Judah (1Sa 27:10a; 2Sa 24:7; 2Ch 28:18) 4. Negev of the Kenites (1Sa 27:10) 5. Negev of the Kerethites (1Sa 30:14)

נֶגֶב (ně·ḡěḇ): n.[masc.] [served by 5582]; ≡ Str 5045; TWOT 1288a—LN 82.1–82.6 the south, i.e., a spatial orientation (1Ch 9:24)

נגד (ngd): see 5583

5583 נָגַד (nā·ḡǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 5046; TWOT 1289—LN 33.189–33.217 (hif) tell, report, inform, i.e., speak information for any purpose (1Sa 3:13), note: used in such contexts as a message, a verdict, a warning, etc.; (hof) be told, have reported to (Ge 22:20; 27:42; 31:22; 38:13, 24; Ex 14:5; Dt 17:4; Jos 9:24; 10:17; Jdg 9:25, 47; Ru 2:11; 1Sa 15:12; 19:19; 23:7, 13; 27:4; 2Sa 6:12; 10:17; 19:2[EB 1]; 21:11; 1Ki 1:51; 2:29, 41; 10:7; 18:13; 2Ki 6:13; 8:7; 1Ch 19:17; 2Ch 9:6; Isa 7:2; 21:2; 40:21+)

5584 נֶגֶד (ně·ḡěḏ): adv. [see also 5584.5]; ≡ Str 5048; TWOT 1289a—1. LN 83.33–83.41 before, in front of, straight ahead, i.e., pertaining to a spatial position anterior to another object, implying a public or open position, and so often being in the presence of another (2Ki 1:3); 2. LN 83.42–83.45 opposite, beyond, i.e., a spatial position in front of another object, but with a space between (Jos 3:16); 3. LN 83.23–83.32 nearby, i.e., pertaining to a spatial position which is in proximity to another object (Ge 21:15)

נֶגֶד (ně·ḡěḏ): n.[masc.] [served by 5584]; ≡ Str 5048; TWOT 1289a—LN 64 counterpart, i.e., that object which is corresponding or like another object (Ge 2:18, 20+)

נגהּ (ngh): see 5585

5585 נָגַהּ (nā·ḡǎh): v.; ≡ Str 5050; TWOT 1290—1. LN 14.36–14.52 (hif) give light, i.e., the physical presentation of light (Isa 13:10+); 2. LN 28.28–28.56 (qal) shine, i.e., the giving of light of knowledge as a figurative extension of light in the physical world (Job 22:28; Isa 9:1[EB 2]); (hif) cause to shine, give light (2Sa 22:29; Ps 18:29[EB 28]+); 3. LN 14.63–14.73 (qal) burn, i.e., the process of combustion of materials that burn and make fire (Job 18:5+)

5586 I. נֹגַהּ (nō·ḡǎh): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5051; TWOT 1290a—1. LN 28.28–28.56 knowledge, formally, light, i.e., what is known that can be responded to (Isa 50:10); 2. LN 14.36–14.52 brightness, radiance, i.e., the quality or state of having a relatively strong light (2Sa 23:4; Pr 4:18; Isa 4:5; 60:19); 3. LN 79.9–79.17 splendor, majesty, i.e., that which has a beautiful appearance (Ps 18:13[EB 12]; Eze 10:4)

5587 II. נֹגַהּ (nō·ḡǎh): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5052;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nogah: son of David (1Ch 3:7; 14:6+)

5588 נְגֹהָה (neḡō·hā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5054; TWOT 1290b—LN 14.36–14.52 brightness, luster, i.e., a physical appearance of light that is in contrast to dark shadows (Isa 59:9+), note: the reference is either to righteousness or prosperity

5589 נְגוֹ (neḡô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5664;—LN 93-pers. (male) 1. a deity Nego (not used in HB); 2. part of a compound name, Abednego, see 6284

נגח (ngḥ): see 5590

5590 נָגַח (nā·ḡǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5055; TWOT 1291—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) gore, i.e., the piercing motion of a horn into the body of a person, serious and potentially fatal (Ex 21:28, 31,32+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (piel) destroy, formally, gore, i.e., an attacking motion that will destroy another, as a figurative extension of the goring motion of a horned animal into a person (Dt 33:17; 1Ki 22:11; 2Ch 18:10+); 3. LN 19.43–19.54 (piel) push, i.e., a pushing motion to move another in a linear motion (Ps 44:6[EB 5]; Eze 34:21; Da 8:4+); 4. LN 55.2–55.6 (hitp) engage in battle (Da 11:40+)

5591 נַגָּח (nǎg·gāḥ): adj.; ≡ Str 5056; TWOT 1291a—LN 19.14–19.26 goring, i.e., pertaining to the act. of a horned animal piercing a person, implying the animal is vicious (Ex 21:29, 36+)

5592 נָגִיד (nā·ḡîḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5057; TWOT 1289b—1. LN 37.48–37.95 leader, ruler, i.e., one of official status for governing and leading (1Sa 9:16); 2. LN 55.14–55.22 commander, officer, i.e., one who is a military leader (1Ch 13:1); 3. LN 33.251–33.255 worthy thing, i.e., words that are valuable and proper and so true (Pr 8:6)

5593 נְגִינָה (neḡî·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5058; TWOT 1292.1a—1. LN 6.83–6.95 stringed instrument, harp, lyre, kithara, i.e., a plucked musical instrument (Ps 4:1[EB title]; 6:1[EB title]; 54:1[EB title]; 55:1[EB title]; 61:1[EB title]; 67:1[EB title]; 76:1[EB title]; Isa 38:20; La 5:14; Hab 3:19+); 2. LN 33.109–33.116 song which mocks, a musical piece that taunts (Job 30:9; Ps 69:13[EB 12]; 77:7[EB 6]; La 3:14+)

נגן (ngn): see 5594

5594 נָגַן (nā·ḡǎn): v.; ≡ Str 5059; TWOT 1292.1—LN 6.83–6.95 (qal ptcp.) playing as stringed instrument as a musician (Ps 68:26[EB 25]+); (piel) play a stringed instrument, play a harp (1Sa 16:16,17, 18, 23; 18:10; 19:9; 2Ki 3:15; Ps 33:3; Isa 23:16; 38:20; Eze 33:32+)

נגע (ngʿ): see 5595

5595 נָגַע (nā·ḡǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 5060; TWOT 1293—1. LN 24.73–24.76 (qal) touch, i.e., make contact with a limb of the body, or any part of the body, implying, in some contexts, damage to the object touched (Ge 3:3); (hif) touch (Jer 1:9); 2. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal) strike, i.e., make violent impact on an object as an extension of touching an object (Job 1:19); (nif) driven back (Jos 8:15+); (hif) level, destroy (Eze 13:14); 3. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal pass.) plagued, be stricken, i.e., be in a sick or weak condition (Ps 73:14; Isa 53:4+); (piel) inflict, afflict with a disease (Ge 12:17; 2Ki 15:5; 2Ch 26:20+); (pual) be plagued (Ps 73:5+); 4. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) befall, happen, i.e., have an event happen very soon or immanently (Job 5:19; Hos 4:2); (hif) happen, formally, arrive (Est 2:15; 9:26); 5. (qal) reach out, touch, extend, i.e., cause an object to touch another object by extension from a source (Jer 51:9), note: the touching is usually between two objects, and not usually with the limbs of the body, see also LN 16; 6. LN 84.1–84.15 (hif) reach out (Ge 28:12); 7. (qal) reach, arrive, i.e., make linear motion to a place (Jnh 3:6); 8. LN 15.81–15.87 (hif) reach (1Sa 14:9); 9. LN 57.152–57.171 unit: (hif) נָגַע יָד דַּי (nā·ḡǎʿ yāḏ dǎy) afford, formally, reach the hand of sufficiency, i.e., not have the economic means to purchase an item (Lev 5:7)

5596 נֶגַע (ně·ḡǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5061; TWOT 1293a—1. LN 19.1–19.13 assault, i.e., a blow or strike that can cause a wound or trauma from physical impact (Dt 21:5; 2Sa 7:14; Ps 38:12[EB 11]); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 plague, pestilence, i.e., a pandemic occurrence of a disease that destroys or causes suffering to biological life (Ex 11:1); 3. LN 23.142–23.184 infection, sore, i.e., an isolated skin trauma on the body (Lev 13:3); 4. LN 3 mildew, fungus, i.e., that which can grow and spread on organic materials (Lev 13:50)

נגף (ngp): see 5597

5597 נָגַף (nā·ḡǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5062; TWOT 1294—1. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) plague, afflict, inflict, strike, i.e., give with a deadly or bothersome pandemic disease or condition, as an extension of hitting as a physical impact (Ex 12:23); 2. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal) hit, strike, i.e., make physical impact on an object, implying injury or harm to the object (Ex 21:35); (hitp) stumble (Jer 13:16+); 3. LN 39.52–39.61 (qal) defeat, route, i.e., conquer another in a military event (1Sa 4:3); (nif) be defeated, beaten, routed (Dt 28:7)

5598 נֶגֶף (ně·ḡěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5063; TWOT 1294a—1. LN 23.142–23.184 plague, i.e., a destructive pandemic disease (Ex 12:13; 30:12; Nu 8:19; 17:11[EB 16:46],12[EB 16:47]; Jos 22:17+); 2. LN 15.118–15.122 stumbling, i.e., the action of falling usually caused by an object (Isa 8:14+)

נגר (ngr): see 5599

5599 נָגַר (nā·ḡǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5064; TWOT 1295—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (nif) spilled, flowing, i.e., pertaining to the movement of liquid or a mass, or a collection of items (2Sa 14:14; Job 20:28; La 3:49+), note: for Job 20:28 cj, see 5600; (hif) pour out (Ps 75:9[EB 8]; Mic 1:6+); (hof) flowing, rushing down (Mic 1:4+); 2. LN 16 (nif) stretch out, reach out, formally, flowing, i.e., make a non-linear movement of the hands and arms (Ps 77:3[EB 2]+); 3. LN 37.111–37.113 (hif) deliver over, hand over, i.e., deliver an object into the control of another object or entity (Ps 63:11[EB 10]; Jer 18:21; Eze 35:5+)

5600 נִגֶּרֶת (nig·gě·rěṯ): n.fem. [oth nif ptcp.fem. of 5599]; ≡ Str 5064; TWOT 1295—LN 14.17–14.35 torrent, i.e., a raging mass of river flood water (Job 20:28 cj+), see 5599

נגשׂ (ngś): see 5601

5601 נָגַשׂ (nā·ḡǎś): v.; ≡ Str 5065; TWOT 1296—1. LN 22.21–22.28 (qal) oppress, exploit, i.e., cause hardship and trouble (Isa 58:3+), note: for qal ptcp. as noun, see 5601.4; 2. LN 22.15–22.20 (nif) oppressed, be hard pressed, i.e., pertaining to experiencing hardship and trouble (1Sa 13:6; 14:24; Isa 3:5; 53:7+), note: 1Sa 14:24, some parse as 5602; 3. LN 57.178–57.185 (qal) exact payment, require payment, receive a required payment of funds or goods (Dt 15:2, 3; 2Ki 23:35+)

נֹגֵשׂ (nō·ḡēś): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 5601]; ≡ Str 5065; TWOT 1296—1. LN 22.21–22.28 oppressor, slave driver, i.e., one who oppresses others in heavy labor (Ex 3:7; 5:6, 10, 13, 14; Job 3:18; 39:7; Isa 3:12; 9:3[EB 4]; 14:2, 4; Da 11:20+); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 ruler, formally, oppressor, i.e., one who rules or governs, with a focus the authority to make subjects do their will (Isa 60:17; 10:4+); 3. LN 57.178–57.185 tax collector, formally, oppressor, i.e., one with authority to tax the people to gain income for a government (Zec 9:8+), note: there may be overlap in verses and entries within this whole entry

נגשׁ (ngš): see 5602

5602 נָגַשׁ (nā·ḡǎš): v.; ≡ Str 5066; TWOT 1297—1. LN 15.75–15.80 (qal) come near, approach, present, i.e., make linear movement to the presence of another, often implying engagement by offering or confronting (1Sa 17:16), note: this can refer to giving a gift to deity; (nif) come near, approach (Ge 19:22), note: 1Sa 14:24, some parse as 5601; 2. LN 15.165–15.186 (hif) bring forth, present, i.e., take an object near another, implying a presentation to, or engagement with the person (Ge 27:25); (hof) be brought, be presented (Mal 1:11+); 3. LN 15.123–15.134 (hitp) gather together (Isa 45:20+); 4. LN 18.12–18.23 unit: (hof) נָגַשׁ לְ־ נְחֹסֶת (nā·ḡǎš l- neḥō·sěṯ)1 chained, fettered, formally, presented in bronze, i.e., pertaining to being bound in chains (2Sa 3:34)

5603 נֵד (nēḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5067; TWOT 1301a—1. LN 7.59–7.62 barrier, dam-wall, formally, heap, i.e., that which acts as a dam or wall to hold a body of water (Ex 15:8; 78:13+), note: in Ps 33:7 for NIV text, see 5532; note: Isa 17:11 some parse as qal pf. 3ms. of 5610; 2. LN 1.69–1.78 heap, i.e., a body of water that is mounded up in a supernatural form (Jos 3:13, 16; Ps 33:7+), note: oth simply a body of water which has been dammed up and held as a pool of water, see also prior entry

נֹד (nōḏ) BDB: see 5532 or 5654

נדא (ndʾ): see 5604

5604 נָדָא (nā·ḏā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 5077; TWOT 1302—LN 34.40–34.41 (hif) detach, remove from, i.e., cause to limit or avoid an association, cause an exclusion (2Ki 17:21+ K), for Q see 5615

נדב (ndb): see 5605

5605 נָדַב (nā·ḏǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 5068; TWOT 1299—1. LN 25.1–25.11 (qal) be willing, prompt, incite, i.e., be in a state desiring to do something (sacred or secular), implying eagerness and generosity (Ex 25:2; 35:21, 29+); (hitp) willingly offer oneself, volunteer (Jdg 5:2, 9; 1Ch 29:5, 6, 9,14, 17; 2Ch 17:16; Ne 11:2+); 2. LN 53.16–53.27 (hitp) give a freewill offering (Ezr 1:6; 2:68; 3:5+)

5606 נָדָב (nā·ḏāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5070;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nadab: 1. son of Aaron (Ex 6:23; 28:1; Lev 10:1) 2. king of the divided northern kingdom, Israel (1Ki 14:20; 15:25, 27, 31+) 3. son of Shammai (1Ch 2:28, 30+) 4. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:30; 1Ch 9:36+)

5607 נְדָבָה (neḏā·ḇā(h)): n.fem. [see also 5607.5]; ≡ Str 5071; TWOT 1299a—1. LN 53.16–53.27 freewill offering, i.e., offering or sacrifice that is voluntary and not compulsory, and thus prompted only by the impulse of the donor (Ex 35:29; 36:3; Lev 7:16; 22:18, 21, 23; 23:38; Nu 15:3; 29:39; Dt 12:6, 17; 16:10; 23:24[EB 23]; 2Ch 31:14; 35:8; Ezr 1:4; 3:5; 8:28; Ps 54:8[EB 6]; 119:108; Eze 46:12; Am 4:5+); 2. LN 59.48–59.61 abundance, i.e., that which is blessed excess of a quantity (Ps 68:10[EB 9]+); 3. LN 25.65–25.67 willing, i.e., the act. of doing something voluntarily and by one’s own ultimate initiative (Ps 110:3+)

נְדָבָה (neḏā·ḇā(h)): adv. [see also 5607]; ≡ Str 5071; TWOT 1299a—LN 25.65–25.67 freely, i.e., pertaining to acting in a manner which is voluntary, implying generosity and choice (Hos 14:5[EB 4]+)

5608 נְדַבְיָה (neḏǎḇ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5072;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nedabiah: of King Jehoiachin (1Ch 3:18+)

5609 נִדְגָּלוֹת (niḏ·gā·lôṯ): n.[fem.] [KB, BDB: niph ptcp. of 1839]—see 1839 (SS 6:4, 10+), note: some identify as a certain constellation, or a zodiacal star group

נדד (ndd): see 5610

5610 נָדַד (nā·ḏǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 5074; TWOT 1300—1. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) flee, escape, i.e., leave an area by linear movement (Ps 31:12[EB 11]; 55:8[EB 7]; 68:13[EB 12]; Isa 10:31; 16:3; 21:14, 15; 22:3; 33:3; Jer 49:5; Na 3:7+); (hif) banish, put to flight, cause to flee (Job 18:18+); (hof) be banished (Job 20:8+); 2. LN 15.18–15.26 (qal) wander, i.e., travel in a more or less random manner (Job 15:23; Pr 27:8; Hos 7:13; 9:17+), note: for another parsing in Pr 27:8, see 5653; 3. LN 15.215–15.221 (hof) cast aside, i.e., linear movement by hurling or throwing (2Sa 23:6+), note: some parse as n.masc. in Isa 17:11, see 5603; 4. LN 15.245 (qal) fly, flutter (Isa 10:14; 16:2; Jer 4:25; 9:9[EB 10]+); (polel) fly away (Na 3:17+); 5. LN 23.66–23.77 unit: (qal) נָדַד שֵׁנָה (nā·ḏǎḏ šē·nā(h)) be awake, formally, sleep flees, i.e., be in an awake state (Ge 31:40; Est 6:1+)

5611 נְדֻדִים (neḏǔ·ḏîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5076; TWOT 1300a—1. LN 16 tossing, turning, i.e., the motion of turning in bed all night (Job 7:4+); 2. LN 23.66–23.77 unit: שָׂבַע נְדֻדִים (śā·ḇǎʿ neḏǔ·ḏîm) restlessness, formally, filled with tossings, i.e., not be able to sleep, in a wakeful state, and so constantly toss and turn (Job 7:4+)

נדה (ndh): see 5612

5612 נָדָה (nā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5077; TWOT 1302—1. LN 34.31–34.39 (piel) exclude, i.e., limit an association, as an extension of placing an object far off (Isa 66:5+); 2. LN 31.8–31.13 (piel) put off, formally, exclude, i.e., refuse to accept or believe a future event (Am 6:3+), note: some translate “forecast,” i.e., suppose to be far off in time

נֶדֶה (ně·ḏě(h)) BDB: see 5613

5613 נֵדֶה (nē·ḏě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5078; TWOT 1303a—LN 57.152–57.171 fee, charge, i.e., that which is given as payment for a service as a quid pro quo (Eze 16:33+), note: some versions translate “gift, reward”

5614 נִדָּה (nid·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5079; TWOT 1302a—1. LN 23.142–23.184 menstruation, woman’s period, i.e., the action of a discharge of blood and tissue debris from the uterus, with the associative meaning of ceremonial uncleanness and undesirable filth (Lev 12:2); 2. LN 88.105–88.125 impurity, corruption, i.e., that which is a sin against a standard, implying defilement and uncleanness of an act. (Lev 20:21; Ezr 9:11b; Zec 13:1), see also 5765; 3. LN 53.33–53.40 defilement, uncleanness, i.e., that which is no longer sanctified and so common and ceremonially impure (2Ch 29:5); 4. LN 53.28–53.32 unit: מַיִם נִדָּה (mǎ·yim nid·dā(h)) water of cleansing, i.e., water used in cleansing as a ceremonially agent (Nu 19:9, 13, 20, 21; 31:23)

נְדוּד (neḏûḏ) BDB: see 5611

נדח (ndḥ) KB, Lisowsky: see 5615, 5616

נדח (ndḥ)[1] Holladay: see 5615

נדח (ndḥ)[2] Holladay: see 5616

5615 I. נָדַח (nā·ḏǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5080; TWOT 1304—1. (nif) be scattered, straying, i.e., make random linear movement similar to a journey (Dt 22:1); 2. LN 15.34–15.74 (hof) be driven, be hunted (Isa 13:14+); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 (nif) exiled, be outcast, banished, i.e., pertaining to being forced to live in another place (2Sa 14:14b), note: for nif ptcp. as a noun, see 5616.5; 4. LN 88.289–88.318 (nif) be enticed, lured, drawn away, i.e., lead one astray to a sinful behavior (Dt 4:19; 30:17+); (hif) seduce (Dt 13:6,11,14; 2Ki 17:21; 2Ch 21:11; Pr 7:21+); 5. LN 15.215–15.221 (pual) be thrust, be cast, i.e., be thrown in linear movement (Isa 8:22+), note: for another parsing in 2Sa 14:14; Jer 23:12, see also 1891; note: for MT text in Jer 51:34, see 1866; note: for 2Ki 17:21 K, see 5604

5616 II. נָדַח (nā·ḏǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5080; TWOT 1304—1. LN 16 (qal) wield, swing, formally, bring down, i.e., make a chopping motion as with an ax (Dt 20:19+); (nif) be swung (Dt 19:5+); 2. LN 13.104–13.163 (hif) bring, i.e., cause an event to happen as an extension of swinging an ax to bring down a tree or shrub (2Sa 15:14+)

נִדָּח (nid·dāḥ): n.masc. [oth nif ptcp.masc.sing. of 5615]; ≡ Str 5080; TWOT 1304—LN 85.67–85.85 fugitive, outcast, i.e., one forced to live in another place (Dt 30:4; 2Sa 14:13, 14a; Ne 1:9; Ps 147:2; Isa 11:12; 16:3, 4; 27:13; 56:8; Jer 49:36+)

נִדָּחָה (nid·dā·ḥā(h)): n.fem. [oth nif ptcp.fem.sing. of 5615]—see 5615

5617 נֹדִי (nō·ḏî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5112; TWOT 1319a—5654 + 3276 (Ps 56:9[EB 8]+)

5618 נָדִיב (nā·ḏîḇ): n.masc. [see also 5618.5]; ≡ Str 5081; TWOT 1299b—LN 37.48–37.95 leader, ruler, official, prince, i.e., one who is of great or noble status (Nu 21:18; 1Sa 2:8; Job 12:21; 21:28; 34:18; Ps 47:10[EB 9]; Ps 83:12[EB 11]; 107:40; 113:8; 118:9; 146:3; Pr 8:16; 17:7, 26; 19:6; 25:7; SS 6:12; 7:2[EB 1]; Isa 13:2; 32:5, 8+)

נָדִיב (nā·ḏîḇ): adj. [served by 5618]; ≡ Str 5081; TWOT 1299b—LN 25.65–25.67 willing, i.e., pertaining to being voluntary and uncoerced, implying generosity (Ex 35:5, 22; 1Ch 28:21; 2Ch 29:31; Ps 51:14[EB 12]+)

5619 נְדִיבָה (neḏî·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5082; TWOT 1299c—1. LN 88.46–88.50 something noble, i.e., something worthy of respect (Isa 32:8+); 2. LN 87.19–87.57 dignity, honor, i.e., nobility of status and so having high status (Job 30:15+)

5620 I. נָדָן (nā·ḏān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5084; TWOT 1306—LN 6.118–6.151 sheath, scabbard, i.e., a case to hold the blade of a sword or knife (1Ch 21:27+)

5621 II. נָדָן (nā·ḏān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5083; TWOT 1305—LN 57.71–57.124 gift, bribe, i.e., something given to another to influence them, but with no explicit quid pro quo (Eze 16:33+)

נֶדֶן (ně·ḏěn), נֹדֶן (nō·ḏěn) BDB: see 5621

נדף (ndp): see 5622

5622 נָדַף (nā·ḏǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5086; TWOT 1307—1. LN 14.4–14.9 (qal) blow away, scatter, i.e., an action of the wind, with a focus on the fleetingness of the action (Ps 1:4; 68:3[EB 2]+), note: in some contexts this can refer to destruction; (nif) be windblown (Lev 26:36; Job 13:25; Pr 21:6; Isa 19:7; 41:2+); 2. LN 33.439–33.445 (qal) refute, formally, blow, scatter, i.e., dispute a statement or assertion, as a figurative extension of the wind blowing away chaff (Job 32:13+)

נדר (ndr): see 5623

5623 נָדַר (nā·ḏǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5087; TWOT 1308—LN 33.463–33.469 (qal) make a vow, i.e., make a binding promise to God, possibly with sanctions if the promise is not kept (Ge 28:20; 31:13; Lev 27:8; Nu 6:2, 21; 21:2; 30:3[EB 2],4[EB 3],11[EB 10]; Dt 12:11, 17; 23:22[EB 21],23[EB 22],24[EB 23]; Jdg 11:30, 39; 1Sa 1:11; 2Sa 15:7, 8; Ps 76:12[EB 11]; 132:2; Ecc 5:3[EB 4],4[EB 5]; Isa 19:21; Jer 44:25; Jnh 1:16; 2:10[EB 9]; Mal 1:14+)

5624 נֵדֶר (nē·ḏěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5088, 5886;—LN 33.463–33.469 vow, i.e., a binding promise made to deity, often with conditions and particular results on both parties, implying failure to keep will result in disfavor (1Sa 1:11)

נֶדֶר (ně·ḏěr) BDB, Lisowsky: see 5624

5625 נֹהַּ (nōah): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5089; TWOT 1320a—LN 65.1–65.16 value, i.e., a product or item considered of distinction or eminence, so an item of worth, beauty, or value (Eze 7:11+), note: some give the meaning as a state of eminency and so related to high status, see also domain LN 87.19–87.57, note: some sources delete the whole verse as corrupt

5626 ־נָה (nā(h)): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3fs.)—LN 92.11–92.25 her, i.e., reference to a definite person or persons in a given context (Ge 16:2)

I. נהג (nhg): see 5627

II. נהג (nhg): see 5628

5627 I. נָהַג (nā·hǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 5090; TWOT 1309, 1310—1. LN 15.160–15.164 (qal) drive along, i.e., cause an object to move along by force or physical motivation (Ge 31:18; 1Sa 23:5; 30:2, 20; 2Ki 9:20; Job 24:3; La 3:2+); (piel) carried off, drive along (Ge 31:26; Ex 14:25; Dt 4:27; 28:37+); 2. LN 15.165–15.186 (qal) lead, guide, i.e., cause movement by actions of guiding and directing, implying a follower that is moving voluntarily (Ex 3:1; 1Sa 30:22; 2Sa 6:3; 2Ki 4:24; 1Ch 13:7; 20:1; 2Ch 25:11; Ps 80:2[EB 1]; Ecc 2:3; SS 8:2; Isa 11:6; 20:4+); (qal pass.) be led (Isa 60:11+); (piel) lead forth, guide (Ps 48:15[EB 14]; 78:26, 52; Isa 49:10; 63:14+); 3. LN 14.4–14.9 (piel) blow, i.e., the action of the wind as an extension of that which can drive an object along in linear movement (Ex 10:13+)

5628 II. נָהַג (nā·hǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 5090; TWOT 1309—LN 25.135–25.145 (piel ptcp.) moan, sob, groan, i.e., make non-verbal sounds of lament (Na 2:8[EB 7]+)

I. נהה (nhh): see 5629

II. נהה (nhh): see 5630

5629 I. נָהָה (nā·hā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5091; TWOT 1311—1. LN 25.135–25.145 (qal imv.) mourn, wail, i.e., to make ritualized motions and sounds of sorrow here for an impending trouble (Eze 32:18+); 2. LN 33.406–33.411 (qal pf.) taunt, i.e., speak words and music that is sarcastic and ridiculing (Mic 2:4+); 3. LN 41.50–41.54 (nif impf.) mourn, wail, i.e., to make ritualized motions and sounds of sorrow, here as an act. of repentance, implying a change of behavior (1Sa 7:2+), see also domain LN 25.135–25.145; note: for another interp, see 5630

5630 II. נָהָה (nā·hā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5091; TWOT 1311—LN 34.42–34.49 (nif impf.) stay loyal, i.e., keep in close, affirmed association to someone (1Sa 7:2+), for another interp, see 5629

5631 נְהִי (nehî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5092; TWOT 1311a—1. LN 41.50–41.54 wailing, mourning, i.e., lamentation as a ritualized expression of sorrow, implying repentance (Jer 9:9[EB 10],17[EB 18],18[EB 19],19[EB 20]; 31:15+); see also 5760; see also domain LN 25.135–25.145; 2. LN 33.109–33.116 mournful song, lamentation, i.e., music or chant that expresses mourning (Mic 2:4+); 3. LN 25.135–25.145 unit: יָדַע נְהִי (yā·ḏǎʿ nehî) mourner, formally, knower of wailing, i.e., one who laments and mourns (Am 5:16+)

5632 נִהְיָה (nih·yā(h)): n.fem. [oth nif pf.3fs. of 2118]; ≡ Str 5093; TWOT 1311b—LN 25.135–25.145 wailing, lamentation, i.e., mourning as a ritualized expression of sorrow (Mic 2:4+), note: some delete from MT

נהל (nhl): see 5633

5633 נָהַל (nā·hǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5095; TWOT 1312—1. LN 15.165–15.186 (piel) guide, lead, i.e., cause linear movement by actions of leadership and direction, implying a follower willing to be led (Ex 15:13; 2Ch 28:15; Ps 23:2; 31:4[EB 3]; Isa 40:11; 49:10; 51:18+); (hitp) move along (Ge 33:14+); 2. LN 35.36–35.46 (piel) sustain, bring through, take care of, i.e., be a help to another (Ge 47:17; 2Ch 32:22+)

5634 נַהֲלָל (nǎ·hǎlāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5096;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nahalal: town in Zebulun (Jos 19:15; 21:35+), see also 5636

5635 I. נַהֲלֹל (nǎ·hǎlōl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5097; TWOT 1312a—LN 1.69–1.78 (pl.) watering holes, i.e., relatively small bodies of water (Isa 7:19+), note: some identify as a thorny plant or bush

5636 II. נַהֲלֹל (nǎ·hǎlōl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5096;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nahalol: town in Zebulun (Jdg 1:30+), see also 5634

נהם (nhm): see 5637

5637 נָהַם (nā·hǎm): v.; ≡ Str 5098; TWOT 1313—1. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) growl, roar, i.e., the sound of a lion (Pr 28:15; Isa 5:29, 30+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489; 2. LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) groan, i.e., make a non-verbal guttural sound of pain or sorrow (Pr 5:11; Eze 24:23+)

5638 נַהַם (nǎ·hǎm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5099; TWOT 1313a—LN 14.74–14.86 roaring, growling, i.e., the sound of a lion (Pr 19:12; 20:2+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

5639 נְהָמָה (nehā·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5100; TWOT 1313b—1. LN 14.74–14.86 roaring, i.e., the sound of the surging surf and waves of the ocean (Isa 5:30+); 2. LN 25.270–25.287 unit: נְהָמָה לֵב (nehā·mā(h) lēḇ) anguish, formally, groaning of the heart, i.e., in a state of mental sorrow and affliction (Ps 38:9[EB 8]+)

נהק (nhq): see 5640

5640 נָהַק (nā·hǎq): v.; ≡ Str 5101; TWOT 1314—LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) bray, i.e., the sound of a donkey (Job 6:5; 30:7+)

I. נהר (nhr): see 5641

II. נהר (nhr): see 5642

5641 I. נָהַר (nā·hǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5102; TWOT 1315, 1316—LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) travel en masse, formally, flow, i.e., the linear motion of large numbers of people traveling as a constant stream of people, as a figurative extension of the flow of a flowing body of water (Isa 2:2; Jer 51:44; Mic 4:1+)

5642 II. נָהַר (nā·hǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5102; TWOT 1316—LN 58.14–58.18 (qal) have joyful countenance, beam with joy, i.e., have a happy, healthy outward appearance on the face expressing joy (Ps 34:6[EB 5]; Isa 60:5; Jer 31:12+)

5643 נָהָר (nā·hār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5104; TWOT 1315a—LN 1.69–1.78 river, stream, i.e., a flow of body of water, above or below ground, man-made or natural (2Ki 5:12)

נָהָר (nā·hār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5104; TWOT 1315a—LN 93-place (river) the River: 1. the Euphrates (Ge 31:21), see also 7310 2. the Tigris (Da 10:4+), see also 2538 3. unit: נָהָר מִצְרַיִם (nā·hār miṣ·rǎ·yim) the Nile (Ge 15:18a), see also 3284

5644 נְהָרָה (nehā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5105; TWOT 1316a—LN 14.36–14.52 daylight, beaming light, i.e., the natural light of the sun (Job 3:4+), note: in the verse “no light shine” apparently means “to not exist” as a figurative extension of total darkness, see also domain LN 13.69–13.103

5645 נַהֲרַיִם (nǎ·hǎrǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 763;—LN 93-place (terr) Naharaim: part of a compound name, Aram Naharaim, see 808

5646 I. ־נוּ (nû): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.1cp.)—LN 92.4–92.5 us, our, i.e., a marker of a speaker and those with him in a prior reference (Ge 1:16)

5647 II. ־נוּ (nû): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.3ms.)—LN 92.11–92.25 him, his, i.e., a marker of whom or what is being spoken about in a prior reference (Ge 3:15)

נוא (nwʾ): see 5648

5648 נוּא (nû(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 5106; TWOT 1317—LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) (Nu 32:7 K+), see hif; (hif) forbid, thwart, refuse, discourage, i.e., not allow or permit an event to happen (Nu 30:6[EB 5],9[EB 8],12[EB 11]; 32:7, 9; Ps 33:10; 141:5+), note: for Ps 141:5 cj, see 5533

נוב (nwb): see 5649

5649 נוּב (nûḇ): v.; ≡ Str 5107; TWOT 1318—1. LN 23.197–23.204 (qal) bring forth, bear fruit, thrive, i.e., have a plant be fruitful, implying vitality and life (Pr 10:31+); 2. LN 59.62–59.71 (qal) increase, formally, bring forth, i.e., gain more and more objects, as an extension of bearing agricultural fruit (Ps 62:11[EB 10]+); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) cause, formally, bring forth, i.e., have a certain state, as an extension of the birth and growth of life (Ps 92:15[EB 14]+); 4. LN 23.129–23.141 (polel) make thrive, make lively, i.e., cause a state of life and vitality, implying health and strength (Zec 9:17+)

5650 נוֹב (nôḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5108; TWOT 1318a, 1318b—1. LN 3.33–3.46 fruit, i.e., the produce of plants consumable for food (Isa 57:19 K+); 2. LN 33.354–33.364 unit: נוֹב שָׂפָה (nôḇ śā·p̄ā(h)) praise, formally, fruit of the lips, i.e., the speaking of words of praise (Isa 57:19 K+), note: for Q, see 5762

5651 נוֹבָי (nô·ḇāy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5109;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nobai: signer of the covenant (ASV, NEB ftn, cf. LXX), (Ne 10:20[EB 19]+), note: most versions 5763

5652 נוּג (nûḡ): n.masc. [oth nif ptcp.masc. of 3324]; ≡ Str 3013; TWOT 839—LN 25.270–25.287 sorrow, i.e., a feeling or attitude of emotional sorrow and pain (Zep 3:18+), note: La 1:4, see 3324

נוּגוֹת (nû·ḡôṯ): see 3324 (La 1:4)

נוֹגֵשׁ (nô·ḡēš): see 5601.4 Job 39:7; Da 11:20; Zec 10:4+

נוד (nwd): see 5653

5653 נוּד (nûḏ): v.; ≡ Str 5110; TWOT 1319—1. LN 15.18–15.26 (qal) wander, i.e., travel from place to place without a specific destination (Ge 4:12, 14+); (hif) wander (2Ki 21:8+); 2. LN 16 (qal) sway, shake, i.e., a non-linear back and forth motion with a base not moving (1Ki 14:15+); (hif) shake (Jer 18:16+); (hitpolel) shake, sway (Ps 64:9[EB 8]; Isa 24:20; Jer 48:27+); 3. LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) mourn, i.e., be in an emotional state of great sorrow, either formal, or without ritual (Je 15:5; 22:10; 48:17; Na 3:7+); (hitpolel) mourn (Jer 31:18+); 4. LN 15.245 (qal) flutter, i.e., the quick motion of wings in flight (Pr 26:2+); 5. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) flee, i.e., make linear movement from an area, implying in a quick or hurried manner (Ps 11:1; Jer 49:30; 50:3, 8+); 6. LN 25.146–25.155 (qal) comfort, sympathize with, give an empathic encouragement (Job 2:11; 42:11; Ps 69:21[EB 20]; Isa 51:19; Jer 16:5+); 7. LN 34.40–34.41 (qal) go astray, i.e., be in a state of rebellion, as an extension of fleeing from the presence of one that one has a relationship with (Jer 4:1+), see also LN 39.34–39.41; 8. LN 15.160–15.164 (hif) drive away, i.e., cause linear motion of an object to another place (Ps 36:12[EB 11]+)

5654 I. נוֹד (nôḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5112; TWOT 1319a—1. LN 33.35–33.68 (NIV, NEB) a lamentation, a grievance, i.e., a written record of a complaint, with a focus on the sorrow and grief expressed in the written record (Ps 56:9[EB 8]+), note: NJB, “sorrows;” REB, “grief;” note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 15.18–15.26 (KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASB, Tanakh) wandering, homelessness, i.e., a state of not having a home, so a wandering or journey with no particular destination, implying a state of destitution and hopelessness (Ps 56:9[EB 8]+), note: NAB, “fleeing.”; 3. LN 16 (RSV, NRSV) tossings, i.e., the motion of moving in a bed in one’s sleep, as an act. of restlessness and mental distress (Ps 56:9[EB 8]+)

5655 II. נוֹד (nôḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5113;—LN 93-place (terr) Nod: district E of Eden the Garden (Ge 4:16+)

5656 נוֹדָב (nô·ḏāḇ): n.pr. [oth loc.]; ≡ Str 5114;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Nodab: people who lived in an area E of Judah (1Ch 5:19+), note: possibly originally name of person

I. נוה (nwh): see 5657

II. נוה (nwh): see 5658

5657 I. נָוָה (nā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5115; TWOT 1321, 1322—LN 68.22–68.33 (qal impf.) at rest, formally, abide, i.e., to succeed and so reach one’s aim as a figurative extension of the abode where one lives as a place of rest and peace (Hab 2:5+)

5658 II. נָוָה (nā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5115; TWOT 1321—LN 33.354–33.364 (hif impf.) praise, formally, adorn, i.e., speak words of laudation and honor, with a possible focus on the appropriateness of the words (Ex 15:2+)

5659 I. נָוֶה (nā·wě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5116; TWOT 1322a, 1322b, 1322c—1. LN 1.95–1.98 pasture, pastureland, grazing land, i.e., an open space of land suitable for grazing of mammals (2Sa 7:8; 1Ch 17:7); 2. LN 7.2–7.25 abode, dwelling, i.e., a construction of various types (Ex 15:13; Pr 24:15); 3. LN 1.79–1.81 homeland, formally, pasture, i.e., the country or area native to a person (Ps 79:7); 4. LN 1.88–1.94 settlement, town, formally, abode, i.e., a population center (Isa 27:10); 5. LN 85.67–85.85 haunt, den, lair, i.e., a place in which an animal lives (Isa 34:13; 35:7); 6. LN 85.67–85.85 abode, residence, home, i.e., the place a human lives, with a focus on the space as a place (Isa 32:18; 33:20; Hos 9:13)

5660 II. נָוֶה (nā·wě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 5116; TWOT 1322a—1. LN 85.67–85.85 dwelling, abiding, i.e., pertaining to a place one abides or dwells (Ps 68:13[EB 12]+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 79.9–79.17 beautiful, comely, lovely, i.e., pertaining to an attractive appearance (Ps 68:13[EB 12]; Jer 6:2+), note: for Jer see also 5534, in Ps for another interp, see 5661; 3. LN 1.88–1.94 unit: נְוַת בַּיִת (newǎṯ bǎ·yiṯ)1 (NIV) camp, formally, house of the pastureland, i.e., a temporary dwelling place of a population of soldiers or other traveling groups (Ps 68:13[EB 12]+), note: for another interp, see next; 4. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: נְוַת בַּיִת (newǎṯ bǎ·yiṯ)1 mansion, formally, beautiful house, i.e., a place with riches (Ps 68:13[EB 12]+), note: some say this refers to the nation as a whole

5661 III. נָוָה (nā·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 4999; TWOT 1322a—1. LN 1.95–1.98 pasture, pastureland, i.e., open space suitable for grazing (Ps 23:2; 65:13[EB 12]; 68:13[EB 12]; Jer 9:9[EB 10]; 23:10; 25:37; Joel 1:19, 20; 2:22; Am 1:2+); 2. LN 85.67–85.85 abode, dwelling, i.e., a place where one lives (La 2:2; Zep 2:6+), note: Mal 1:3 a cj, see 9478; note: for another interp in Ps 68:13[EB 12], see 5659, 5660; 3. LN 85.67–85.85 haunt, lair, den, i.e., the dwelling place of one wishing the protection of secrecy (Ps 74:20+); 4. LN 88.12–88.23 unit: נָוָה צֶדֶק (nā·wā(h) ṣě·ḏěq) righteous state, formally, abode of righteousness, i.e., be in an upright state as a figurative extension of dwelling in a place (Job 8:6+); 5. LN 1.79–1.81 unit: נָוָה אֱלֹהִים (nā·wā(h) ʾělō·hîm) land by divine right, formally, pasturelands of God, i.e., the place owned by God, referring to the land of Canaan (Palestine) (Ps 83:13[EB 12]+)

5662 נָווֹת (nāw·wōṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5121;—LN 93-place (loc.) Navoth: place near Ramah (1Sa 20:1 K+), note: all versions surveyed used the Q, see 5766

נוֹזֵל (nô·zēl): see 5689 (Ps 78:16+)

נוח (nwḥ): see 5663

5663 I. נוּחַ (nûaḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5117; TWOT 1323—1. LN 23.78–23.87 (qal) rest, i.e., be in a state or process of restoring physical energy in the body (Ex 20:11); (hif) rest (Ecc 11:6); (hof) rest (La 5:5+); 2. LN 85.32–85.54 (qal) set, i.e., place or put an object in a place (Jos 3:13); (hif) put, place (Ge 2:15); (hof) be set (Zec 5:11+); 3. LN 85.65–85.66 (qal) rest, settle, remain, i.e., leave in a place for any period of time (Ge 8:4); (hif) leave, keep (Ge 42:33); 4. LN 22.42–22.47 (qal) rest, i.e., be in a state of favorable circumstances (Ne 9:28); (hif) give rest (Dt 3:20); 5. LN 34.22–34.30 (qal) be in alliance, formally, rest, i.e., be in an association, as a figurative extension of a favorable circumstance, and lack of hardship (Isa 7:2); 6. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) wait, formally, rest, i.e., continue to be in a certain state until an expected event (1Sa 25:9; Hab 3:16); 7. LN 16 (hif) lower, formally, rest, i.e., place limbs in a lower position, and not raised high (Ex 17:11), note: for n.masc. in Est 9:17, 18, see 5665; note: in Isa 7:2, see 5698; Eze 41:9, 11, see 4965; note: for another parsing of Hab 3:16, see 5664; note: some parse Nu 23:7; 1Sa 22:4; 1Ki 10:26; 2Ki 18:11 as 5697

5664 II. נוּחַ (nûaḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5117; TWOT 1323—LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) groan, lament, wail, i.e., make noise in anticipation of a future welcome event, implying a current emotional suffering (Hab 3:16+), note: oth parse as 5663

5665 נוֹחַ (nôaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5118; TWOT 1323—LN 85.67–85.85 dwelling, abode, resting place, i.e., a place in which one lives or resides, with a focus on the place of dwelling (2Ch 6:41+), note: in context it refers to the Temple, see also 4957; note: for another parsing in Est 9:17, 18 as qal inf. abs., see 5663

5666 נוֹחָה (nô·ḥā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5119;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nohah: son of Benjamin (1Ch 8:2+)

נוט (nwṭ): see 5667

5667 נוּט (nûṭ): v.; ≡ Str 5120; TWOT 1324—LN 16 (qal impf.) shake, quake, i.e., a non-linear rapid back and forth movement, as when an earthquake happens (Ps 99:1+)

נוית (nwyt) BDB: see 5668

5668 נָוִית (nā·wîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5121;—LN 93-place (loc.) Navith: place near Ramah (1Sa 19:18, 19, 22, 23 K+), for Q, see 5766

נְוָיֹת (newā·yōṯ) Lisowsky: see 5766

5669 נָוֶל (nā·wěl): n.[masc.]—LN 6.152–6.187 thread, i.e., a material used for weaving or sewing (Eze 37:11 cj+), note: in context this thread would refer to a human life; note: MT text as 1615 + 4200 + 5646

נום (nwm): see 5670

5670 נוּם (nûm): v.; ≡ Str 5123; TWOT 1325—1. LN 23.66–23.77 (qal) sleep, slumber, i.e., to be in a state of rest and inactivity as an altered state of awareness (Isa 5:27; 56:10; Na 3:18+); 2. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: נוּם שֵׁנָה (nûm šē·nā(h)) die, formally, sleep a sleep, i.e., to be in a state of death, with a focus on the inability or impotency of a person to do something (Ps 76:6[EB 5]+); 3. LN 35.36–35.46 unit: אַל נוּם (ʾǎl nûm) watch over, formally, not slumber, i.e., to watch and care for someone as a figurative extension of not being in an oblivious state of sleep (Ps 121:3+); 4. LN 35.36–35.46 unit: לֹא נוּם (lō(ʾ) nûm) watch over, formally, not slumber, i.e., to watch and care for someone as a figurative extension of not being in an oblivious state of sleep (Ps 121:4+)

5671 נוּמָה (nû·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5124; TWOT 1325a—LN 88.246–88.251 laziness, indolence, formally, drowsiness, i.e., the willful refusal of making effort or work as a life-style, as a moral failure, as a figurative extension of slumber or sleep-state of inactivity (Pr 23:21+)

5672 I. נוּן (nûn): v.; ≡ Str 5125; TWOT 1326—1. LN 67.78–67.141 (nif impf.) continue, always be, i.e., a state of indefinite period of time occurring that does not end (Ps 72:17+ Q), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 59.62–59.71 (nif) be increased, be propagated, i.e., to have a number of persons increased and included in a group (Ps 72:17+ Q)

5673 II. נוּן (nûn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5126;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nun: father of Joshua (Ex 33:11), see 3397(1.)

נוֹן (nôn) BDB: see 5673 (1Ch 7:27+)

נוס (nws): see 5674

5674 נוּס (nûs): v.; ≡ Str 5127; TWOT 1327—1. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) flee away, escape, i.e., depart an area in haste, so to go to a safe place (1Sa 17:24), see also domain LN 21.17–21.24; (hif) cause to flee (Ex 9:20; Dt 32:30+); 2. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) be gone, be in a state of non-existence after having existed (Dt 34:7); 3. LN 15.160–15.164 (polel) drive along, i.e., cause linear movement (Isa 59:19+); 4. LN 57.37–57.48 (hif) keep, withhold, deny, refuse, deprive, i.e., cause someone not to possess an object or state (Jdg 6:11; 7:21 K+), see also domain LN 13.69–13.103; note: see also 5823, 5824

נוע (nwʿ): see 5675

5675 נוּעַ (nûaʿ): v.; ≡ Str 5128; TWOT 1328—1. LN 16 (qal) shake, sway, swagger, stagger, tremble, i.e., a back and forth non-linear movement either with the base of an object moving or not (Ex 20:18; 1Sa 1:13; Isa 6:3); (nif) be shaken (Am 9:9; Na 3:12+); (hif) set trembling, shake, toss (2Ki 19:21; 23:18; Job 16:4; Ps 22:8[EB 7]; 109:25; Isa 37:22; La 2:15; Da 10:10; Am 9:9; Zep 2:15+); 2. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) stagger, swagger, i.e., make linear movement random, and zig-zagging back and forth in the process (Am 4:8), note: in context it shows uncertainty, of lack of bodily control; 3. LN 15.18–15.26 (qal) wander, i.e., travel or journey in a nomadic, random (within perimeters) linear movement (Ge 4:12; Ps 59:16[EB 15]; 109:10+); (hif) make wander (Nu 32:13; 2Sa 15:20; Ps 59:12[EB 11],16[EB 15] Q+)

5676 נוֹעַדְיָה (nô·ʿǎḏ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5129;—LN 93-pers. Noadiah: 1. (male) Levite treasurer (Ezr 8:33+) 2. (female) prophetess opposing Nehemiah (Ne 6:14+)

נוֹעָז (nô·ʿāz): adj. [oth nif ptcp. of 3594]; ≡ Str 5129;—1. LN 88.126–88.134 insolent, arrogance, i.e., pertaining to treat another in a bad way, implying pride and arrogance (Isa 33:19+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 41.29–41.43 barbarous, i.e., pertaining to a behavior of a culture of a people, implying strength and violence of that people (Isa 33:19+)

I. נוף (nwp): see 5677

II. נוף (nwp): see 5678

5677 I. נוּף (nûp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5130; TWOT 1329—1. LN 16 (polel) wave, shake, i.e., make non-linear movement, usually with the base of the object staying solid and not moving (Isa 10:32+); (hif) wave (Ex 29:24, 26; 35:22; Lev 7:30; 8:27, 29; 9:21; 10:15; 14:12, 24; 23:11,12, 20; Nu 5:25; 6:20; 8:11, 13, 15, 21; 2Ki 5:11; Isa 30:28+), note: some translate as “raise up” with no waving in the action, though this is disputed; note: in context this often refers to an offering, with the focus on presentation of an object to a superior, see also domain LN 53.16–53.27; note: for another parsing in Isa 30:28, see 2185; (hof) be waved (Ex 29:27+); 2. LN 16 (hif) move, i.e., make any repetitive non-linear motion (Ex 20:25; Dt 23:26[EB 25]; 27:5; Jos 8:31; Job 31:21; Isa 10:15; 11:15; 13:2; 19:16; Zec 2:13[EB 9]+), note: in context, used to shape, cut, do violence, or signal

5678 II. נוּף (nûp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5130; TWOT 1329—1. LN 47.14–47.18 (qal) sprinkle, i.e., lightly cast a small quantity of object or masses on an object (Pr 7:17+), note: in context this refers to beads of myrrh resin, and powdered items; 2. LN 14.10–14.14 (hif) cause to sprinkle, i.e., cause a healthy rain to fall (Ps 68:10[EB 9]+)

5679 נוֹף (nôp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5131; TWOT 1331a—LN 81.3–81.11 loftiness, elevation, i.e., the state of physical height of a land mass, implying a high status or reverence (Ps 48:3[EB 2]+)

5680 נוּץ (nûṣ): v.; ≡ Str 5132; TWOT 1399—LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) leave, go away, i.e., travel about, implying in a hurried manner (La 4:15+), note: oth parse as 5899

5681 נוֹצָה (nô·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5133; TWOT 1399a—LN 8.9–8.69 plumage, i.e., an array of feathers on a bird, with a some focus on the individual feathers (Job 39:13; Eze 17:3, 7+), note: for another interp in Job 39:13, see 5902

5682 נוּק (nûq): v.; ≡ Str 3243; TWOT 874—LN 23.77 (hif impf.) suck, cause nursing from a breast (Ex 2:9) see 3567

נוֹרָא (nô·rā(ʾ)): adj. [oth nif ptcp. of 3707]; ≡ Str 3243; TWOT 874—LN 25.206–25.222 frightful, terrible, awesome, i.e., pertaining to that which causes a strong feeling of surprise and astonishment that borders into fear (Ge 28:17)

נושׁ (nwš): see 5683

5683 נוּשׁ (nûš): v.; ≡ Str 5136; TWOT 1334—LN 23.142–23.184 (qal impf.) be sick, be ill, i.e., be physically sick, with a focus on the misery and suffering that may accompany sickness (Ps 69:21[EB 20]+), note: NIV, “helpless;” note: some repoint and parse as 653

נזה (nzh) Holladay, KB, Lisowsky: see 5684

5684 I. נָזָה (nā·zā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5137; TWOT 1335, 1336—LN 47.14–47.18 (qal) spatter, formally, sprinkle, i.e., have a relatively small amount of liquid be cast on an object in a random manner, due to force (Lev 6:20[EB 27]; 2Ki 9:33; Isa 63:3+); (hif) sprinkle, i.e., lightly cast a small quantity of object or masses (with purpose), on an object (Ex 29:21; Lev 4:6, 17; 5:9; 8:11, 30; 14:7, 16, 27, 51; 16:14,15, 19; Nu 8:7; 19:4, 18, 19, 21; Isa 52:15+)

5685 II. נָזָה (nā·zā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5137; TWOT 1335—LN 25.206–25.222 (hif impf.) startle, formally, leap, spring, i.e., surprise someone, possibly implying joy, bewilderment, or fear (Isa 52:15+), note: many parse as 5684 (hif)

5686 נָזִיד (nā·zîḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5138; TWOT 547d—LN 5.1–5.22 thick soup, vegetable stew from beans or gourd fruit, i.e., a hot liquid food as a common food (Ge 25:29, 34; 2Ki 4:38, 39, 40; Hag 2:12+), note: the contexts make no mention of meat being added to the thick soup

5687 נָזִיר (nā·zîr): n.masc. [see also 5687.5]; ≡ Str 5139; TWOT 1340b—1. LN 37.48–37.95 prince, leader, i.e., one who is considered special and so a ruler (Ge 49:26; Dt 33:16; La 4:7+); 2. LN 53.44–53.52 unit: נֵדֶר נָזִיר (nē·ḏěr nā·zîr) vow of separation and so special dedication to deity, with specific behaviors (Nu 6:2+)

נָזִיר (nā·zîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5139; TWOT 1340b—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Nazirite: pertaining to a class of persons dedicated to God (Nu 6:13, 18, 19, 20, 21; Jdg 13:5, 7; 16:17; Am 2:11, 12+), see also 5693, 5694.5

נָזִיר (nā·zîr): adj. [served by 5687]; ≡ Str 5139; TWOT 1340b—LN 3.47–3.59 unpruned, untended, i.e., pertaining to a kind of grape is not cultivated (Lev 25:5, 11+), note: some parse as a n.masc., “untended vine.”

נזל (nzl): see 5688

5688 נָזַל (nā·zǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5140; TWOT 1337—LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) flow down, pour down, stream down, waft down and around, i.e., the movement of liquid or masses in several forms (Nu 24:7; Dt 32:2; Job 36:28; Ps 147:18; SS 4:15, 16; Isa 45:8; Jer 9:17[EB 18]; 18:14+); (hif) make flow (Isa 48:21+), note: Jdg 5:5 nif, see 2362; note: SS 4:15 some parse as noun, see 5689

5689 נֹזֵל (nō·zēl): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc. of 5688]; ≡ Str 5140; TWOT 1337—1. LN 1.69–1.78 streams, waterbrooks, brooks (Ps 78:16, 44; Isa 44:3+), note: for another parsing in SS 4:15, see 5688; 2. LN 2.7–2.13 water, i.e., a mass of liquid from any source, salty or fresh (Ex 15:8; Pr 5:15+), note: in context open sea waters, or cistern or well water

5690 נֶזֶם (ně·zěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5141; TWOT 1338a—LN 6.188–6.196 ornamental ring, i.e., a closed metal circle as an adornment worn on the body (Ge 24:22, 30, 47; 35:4; Ex 32:2, 3; 35:22; Jdg 8:24,25, 26; Job 42:11; Pr 11:22; 25:12; Isa 3:21; Eze 16:12; Hos 2:15[EB 13]+), note: in context, worn on ears, noses, or fingers, either male or female

נֶזֶק (ně·zěq) Lisowsky: see 5691

5691 נֵזֶק (nē·zěq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5143; TWOT 1339—LN 22.21–22.28 bothering, disturbing, irking, i.e., come in contact with another in a manner that annoys or troubles the other, implying the contact may be a burden to them, though not a danger (Est 7:4+)

נזר (nzr): see 5692, 5693

5692 I. נָזַר (nā·zǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5144; TWOT 1340—LN 53.44–53.52 (nif) separate oneself, consecrate oneself, i.e., act. in a manner which shows devotion, loyalty, and respect toward an object, entity, or event (Lev 22:2; Eze 14:7; Hos 9:10; Zec 7:3+); (hif) keep separate (Lev 15:31+), see also 5693

5693 II. נָזַר (nā·zǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5144; TWOT 1340—LN 53.44–53.52 (hif) act. as a Nazirite, i.e., be in a state of consecration and dedication, with special vows and conditions of separation and abstinence (Nu 6:2, 3, 5, 6, 12+), see also 5692, 5687; cf. also the life of Samson, see Jdg 14–16

5694 נֵזֶר (nē·zěr): n.masc. [see also 5694.5]; ≡ Str 5145; TWOT 1340a—1. LN 53.44–53.52 separation, dedication, i.e., consecration to a deity for special service (Lev 21:12; Nu 6:5, 7, 8, 9, 12,13, 18,19, 21a+); 2. LN 6.188–6.196 diadem, crown, i.e., an adorning circlet worn on the head as a sign of consecration and so rulership (Ex 29:6; 39:30; Lev 8:9; 2Sa 1:10; 2Ki 11:12; 2Ch 23:11; Ps 89:40[EB 39]; 132:18; Pr 27:24; Zec 9:16+); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 hair, formally, consecration, i.e., hair as a part of the body (Jer 7:29+)

נֵזֶר (nē·zěr): n.pr. [see also 5694]; ≡ Str 5145; TWOT 1340a—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Nazirite: pertaining to a class of persons that are consecrated for service to deity, with specific life-style changes for this class (Nu 6:4, 21b+), see also 5687

5695 נֹחַ (nōaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5146; TWOT 1323b—LN 93-pers. (male) Noah: of Seth, father of Shem, Ham, and Japheth, maker of the Ark boat (Ge 5:29–10:32 passim; 1Ch 1:3, 4; Isa 54:9; Eze 14:14, 20+)

נַחְבִי (nǎḥ·ḇî) BDB: see 5696

5696 נַחְבִּי (nǎḥ·bî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5147;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nahbi: of Naphtali, an explorer (Nu 13:14+)

נחה (nḥh) Lisowsky, Holladay: see 5697, 5698

נחה (nḥh)[1] KB: see 5697

נחה (nḥh)[2] KB: see 5698

5697 I. נָחָה (nā·ḥā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5148; TWOT 1341—1. LN 15.165–15.186 (qal) lead, guide, i.e., direct the movements of others implying leadership and rulership, see also domain LN 37.48–37.95 (Ge 24:27; Ex 13:17, 21; 15:13; 32:34; Ps 5:9[EB 8]; 27:11; 60:11[EB 9]; 77:21[EB 20]; 108:11[EB 10]; 139:24; Isa 58:11+); (hif) lead, guide (Ge 24:48; Nu 23:7; Dt 32:12; 1Sa 22:4; 1Ki 10:26; 2Ki 18:11; Ne 9:12, 19; Job 12:23; 31:18; 38:32; Ps 23:3; 31:4[EB 3]; 43:3; 61:3[EB 2]; 67:5[EB 4]; 73:24; 78:14, 53, 72; 107:30; 139:10; 143:10; Pr 6:22; 11:3; Isa 57:18+); 2. LN 22.42–22.47 (hif) create an opportunity, i.e., be in a favorable state, implying a good thing will happen in the future (Pr 18:16+), for another interp in Isa 7:2, see 5698; note: some parse Nu 23:7; 1Sa 22:4; 1Ki 10:26; 2Ki 18:11 as 5663

5698 II. נָחָה (nā·ḥā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5117; TWOT 1323—LN 31.82–31.101 (qal) depend, i.e., be in a state which trusts in the reliability of another, as a figurative extension of leaning upon an object in a manner which trusts the structure as reliable (Isa 7:2+), for another interp, see 5663 or 5697

5699 נַחוּם (nǎ·ḥûm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5151;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nahum: 1. writing prophet from Elkosh (Na 1:1+) 2. see DBLGrk 3725

5700 נְחוּם (neḥûm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5149;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nehum: returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 7:7+), see also 8156(1.)

נִחוּם (ni·ḥûm) BDB: see 5719

נְחוּמִים (neḥû·mîm), נִחוּמִים (ni·ḥû·mîm): see 5719 (Hos 11:8+)

5701 נָחוֹר (nā·ḥôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5152;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nahor: 1. grandfather of Abraham (Ge 11:22, 23, 24, 25; 1Ch 1:25+) 2. brother of Abraham (Ge 11:26; 24:10), note: for another interp in 24:10, see 5701.5

נָחוֹר (nā·ḥôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5152;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nahor: town in N. Syria near Habor River, according to extra-biblical texts (Ge 24:10+), note: for another interp, see 5701

5702 נָחוּשׁ (nā·ḥûš): adj.; ≡ Str 5153; TWOT 1349b—LN 2.49–2.62 brazen, i.e., pertaining to being made of bronze, with an associative meaning of strength (Job 6:12+)

5703 נְחוּשָׁה (neḥû·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5154; TWOT 1349b—1. LN 2.49–2.62 copper, i.e., a common reddish, malleable, metallic element, mined as ore from the earth (Job 28:2+); 2. LN 2.49–2.62 bronze, i.e., an alloy of copper and tin, and possibly other elements, from which many different utensils and items are manufactured, with an associative meaning of strength (Lev 26:19; 2Sa 22:35; Job 20:24; 40:18; 41:19[EB 27]; Ps 18:35[EB 34]; Isa 45:2; 48:4; Mic 4:13+)

נְחִילָה (neḥî·lā(h)) Lisowsky: see 5704

5704 נְחִילוֹת (neḥî·lôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 5155; TWOT 1342b—LN 6.83–6.95 flutes, i.e., a pipe or woodwind instrument for making music (Ps 5:1[EB title]+), note: many sources state that this is a musical term with an unknown meaning

5705 נָחִיר (nā·ḥîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5156; TWOT 1346c—LN 8.9–8.69 (pair of) nostrils, i.e., a pair of openings (nares) of the nose or nasal cavity, as the air passageway to the lungs of a person or animal (Job 41:12[EB 20]+)

נְחִירַיִם (neḥî·rǎ·yim) Lisowsky: see 5705

נחל (nḥl): see 5706

5706 נָחַל (nā·ḥǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5157; TWOT 1342—LN 57.125–57.141 (qal) take possession, receive an inheritance, i.e., receive a transfer of property from a deceased parent or a living authorized source, implying possession is legitimate according to proper standards (Ex 23:30; 32:13; 34:9; Nu 18:20, 23, 24; 26:55; 32:19; 34:17, 18; 35:8; Dt 19:14; Jos 14:1; 16:4; 17:6; 19:9, 49; Jdg 11:2; Ps 69:37[EB 36]; 82:8; 119:111; Pr 3:35; 11:29; 14:18; 28:10; Isa 57:13; Jer 16:19; Eze 47:14; Zep 2:9; Zec 2:16[EB 12]+); (piel) assign an inheritance, allot (Nu 34:29; Jos 13:32; 14:1; 19:51+); (hif) bestow an inheritance (Dt 1:38; 3:28; 12:10; 19:3; 21:16; 31:7; 32:8; Jos 1:6; 1Sa 2:8; 1Ch 28:8; Pr 8:21; 13:22; Isa 49:8; Jer 3:18; 12:14; Eze 46:18; Zec 8:12+); (hof) be allotted (Job 7:3+); (hitp) obtain an inheritance for oneself, distribute an inheritance for others (Lev 25:46; Nu 32:18; 33:54, 54; 34:13; Isa 14:2; Eze 47:13+)

5707 I. נַחַל (nǎ·ḥǎl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5158; TWOT 1343a, 1343b—1. LN 1.69–1.78 river, stream, brook, wadi torrent, i.e., a moving, body of water of various sizes, varying greatly based on volumes of rain, that may or not flow year-round (Ge 32:24; Nu 34:5; 2Sa 22:5); 2. LN 1.51–1.59 valley, gorge, wadi, ravine, i.e., a depressed land formation often with a flow of water in it, at least part of the year (Ge 26:19); 3. LN 1.51–1.59 mine shaft, i.e., a man-made depression made in the earth to remove ore, either open to the sun, or more likely a hole in the earth (Job 28:4), note: in Nu 24:6; SS 6:11, for another interp, see 5708

5708 II. נַחַל (nǎ·ḥǎl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5158; TWOT 1343a—LN 3.2–3.12 date-palm, a tree of the family Palmae, usually identified as Phoenix dactylifera, forty to sixty feet tall, with eatable fruit and pinnate or fan-shaped leaves only at the very top (Nu 24:6; SS 6:11+), for another interp, see 5707

5709 I. נַחֲלָה (nǎ·ḥǎlā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5159; TWOT 1342a—1. LN 57.125–57.141 inheritance, property or land given by one person to a successive generation (Ge 31:34); 2. LN 63.13–63.20 part, share, i.e., that which is a part of a whole, as a portion that has been assigned, implying association (2Sa 20:1)

5710 II. נַחֲלָה (nǎ·ḥǎlā(h)): n.fem. [oth nif ptcp.fem. of 2703]—LN 23.142–23.184 disease, infirmity, ill-health, i.e., a state or condition of sickness (Isa 17:11+), note: some translate as “incurable wound,” see also LN 20.12–20.30; note: some also place here Jer 10:19; 14:17; 30:12; Ne 3:19, but better as nif ptcp. of 2703

5711 III. נַחֲלָה (nǎ·ḥǎlā(h)): n.pr. [oth n.fem. of 5707]; ≡ Str 5158; TWOT 1343a—1. LN 93-place (loc.) the Wadi (Eze 47:19; 28+), note: NIV, most interpret as the Wadi of Egypt, see next; 2. LN 93-place Wadi of Egypt: well-known wadi that marked the S boundary of Canaan (Nu 34:5; Jos 15:4, 47; 1Ki 8:65; 2Ki 24:7; 2Ch 7:8; Isa 27:12+), note: a southern border stream clearly to be distinguished from the Nile River

נַחֲלָת (nǎ·ḥǎlāṯ) BDB: see 5709

5712 נַחֲלִיאֵל (nǎ·ḥǎlî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5160;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nahaliel: campsite N of Arnon Gorge, E of Dead Sea, last stop in the exodus wanderings (Nu 21:19+)

5713 נֶחֱלָמִי (ně·ḥělā·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5161;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Nehelamite: pertaining to Nehelam (Jer 29:24, 31, 32+)

נחם (nḥm): see 5714

5714 נָחַם (nā·ḥǎm): v.; ≡ Str 5162; TWOT 1344—1. LN 25.146–25.155 (nif) comforted, i.e., be in a state or condition of finding a measure of relief from sorrow and distress, and so be consoled or encouraged (Ge 24:67; Ps 77:3[EB 2]; Jer 31:15); (piel) comfort, console, express sympathy (2Sa 10:2); (pual) comforted, be consoled (Isa 54:11; 66:13+); (hitp) console oneself (Ge 27:42; 37:35; Dt 32:36; Ps 119:52; 135:14+); 2. LN 31.58–31.81 (nif) change one’s mind, reconsider, i.e., change one’sing. opinion concerning truth (1Sa 15:29; Ps 110:4); (hitp) change one’sing. mind (Nu 23:19+); 3. LN 25.270–25.287 (nif) be grieved, i.e., be in a state of sorrow or regret over a person or event (Ge 6:6, 7; Jdg 21:6, 15; 1Sa 15:11, 35; 2Sa 24:16; 1Ch 21:15; Jer 42:10); 4. LN 41.50–41.54 (nif) repent, i.e., be in a state of sorrow and regret about a wrong, implying a true understanding about a wrong and desire to change a thought or behavior (Job 42:6; Jer 8:6; 31:19); 5. LN 68.34–68.57 (nif) relent, i.e., to cease a particular course of action, usually with a focus that a gracious act. has occurred, with a possible implication that one grieves or has sorrow over an object or event, see also LN 88.75–88.82 (Ex 32:12, 14; Ps 106:45; Isa 57:6; Jer 4:28; 18:8; 26:3, 13, 19; Eze 24:14; Joel 2:13; Am 7:3, 6; Jnh 4:2+), note: some sources also place here an implication that this is a change of opinion concerning truth, but the contexts focus on future merciful behaviors and actions; 6. LN 38.1–38.13 (hitp) avenge oneself, formally, comfort, i.e., punish another with vindication and legitimacy, as an extension of feeling personal comfort that a situation is now just (Eze 5:13+)

5715 נַחַם (nǎ·ḥǎm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5163;—LN 93-pers. (male) Naham: brother-in-law of Hodiah (1Ch 4:19+)

5716 נֹחַם (nō·ḥǎm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5164; TWOT 1344a—LN 88.75–88.82 compassion, pity, i.e., show mercy or relent of a future negative state or condition (Hos 13:14+)

5717 נֶחָמָה (ně·ḥā·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5165; TWOT 1344c—LN 25.146–25.155 comfort, consolation, i.e., that which causes encouragement, implying hope (Job 6:10; Ps 119:50+)

5718 נְחֶמְיָה (neḥěm·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5166;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nehemiah: 1. returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:2; 7:7+) 2. son of Azbuk, worker on the wall (Ne 3:16+) 3. cupbearer to the King Artaxerxes, he became a political and religious leader in restoring the walls of Jerusalem (Ne 1:1; 8:9; 10:2[EB 1]; 12:26, 47+)

5719 נִחֻמִים (ni·ḥǔ·mîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5150; TWOT 1344b—1. LN 25.146–25.155 comfort, i.e., that which causes one to be encouraged (Isa 57:18+); 2. LN 33.218–33.223 unit: דָּבָר נִחֻמִים (dā·ḇār ni·ḥǔ·mîm) word of comfort, i.e., words spoken with certainty of declaration (Zec 1:13+); 3. LN 25.33–25.58 compassion, i.e., a strong feeling of affection or love (Hos 11:8+)

5720 נַחֲמָנִי (nǎ·ḥǎmā·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5167;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nahamani: returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 7:7+)

נחן (nḥn) Lisowsky: see 634

נָחַן (nā·ḥǎn): see 634 (Jer 22:23+)

נַחְנוּ (nǎḥ·nû) BDB: see 5721

5721 נַחְנוּ (nǎḥ·nû): p. (personal 1cp.); ≡ Str 5168; TWOT 128a—LN 92.1–92.3 (subjective) we, i.e., a discourse reference to the speaker and associates (Ge 42:11; Ex 16:7, 8; Nu 32:32; 2Sa 17:12; La 3:42+), see also 630, 636

נָחְנוּ (nāḥ·nû): see 5721

נֵחַנְתְּ (nē·ḥǎnt): see 634 (Jer 22:23)

נחץ (nḥṣ): see 5722

5722 נָחַץ (nā·ḥǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 5169; TWOT 1345—LN 68.79–68.82 (qal pass.) be urgent, i.e., pertaining to a matter as pressing and calling for immediate attention, implying a suddenness that does not think of every contingency (1Sa 21:9[EB 8]+)

5723 נָחַר (nā·ḥǎr): v.; ≡ Str 2734, 2787;—1. LN 14.4–14.9 (qal) blow, i.e., passing of air in a bellows (Jer 6:29+), for another interp, see 3081 nif; 2. LN 88.171–88.191 (piel) angry, formally, snort or pant at, i.e., be in a state of strong displeasure with another, as an extension of making snorting or blowing sounds through the nose or mouth (SS 1:6+), note: some parse as 3013

5724 נַחַר (nǎ·ḥǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5170; TWOT 1346, 1346a, 1346b—LN 33.69–33.108 snorting, i.e., the blowing sounds of a stallion through the nose, as an audible, but non-verbal communication of aggression (Job 39:20+), see also 5725

5725 נַחֲרָה (nǎ·ḥǎrā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5170; TWOT 1346—LN 33.69–33.108 snorting, i.e., the blowing sounds of a stallion through the nose, as an audible, but non-verbal communication of aggression (Jer 8:16+), see also 5724

5726 נַחְרַי (nǎḥ·rǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5171;—LN 93-pers. (male) Naharai: one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:37; 1Ch 11:39+)

נַחֲרַי (nǎ·ḥǎrǎy) BDB: see 5726

נחשׁ (nḥš): see 5727

5727 נָחַשׁ (nā·ḥǎš): v.; ≡ Str 5172; TWOT 1348—1. LN 53.96–53.101 (piel) practice divination, i.e., interpret omens and signs, as a way to learn the will of God, or the gods, known for future contingencies (Ge 30:27; 44:5,15; Lev 19:26; Dt 18:10; 2Ki 17:17; 21:6; 2Ch 33:6+), see also domain LN 27.34–27.47; 2. LN 53.96–53.101 (piel) take something as an omen or sign (1Ki 20:33+)

5728 נַחַשׁ (nǎ·ḥǎš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5173; TWOT 1348a—LN 53.96–53.101 sorcery, magic curse, i.e., a spell to invoke supernatural knowledge or power (Nu 23:23; 24:1+)

5729 I. נָחָשׁ (nā·ḥāš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5175; TWOT 1347a—1. LN 4.51–4.57 serpent, snake, viper, i.e., a poisonous reptile which may represent several species (Ex 4:3); 2. LN 4.51–4.57 sea serpent, sea monster, i.e., creature at home in the water (Am 9:3), note: this may refer to a mythological “dragon” or a normal “crocodile”; 3. LN 4.51–4.57 dragon, serpent, i.e., the talking, tempting creature of the garden (Ge 3:1–14 passim); 4. LN 6.96–6.101 unit: נָחָשׁ נְחֹשֶׁת (nā·ḥāš neḥō·šěṯ)1 bronze serpent, i.e., a representation of a serpent made of bronze, later to become an idol among the sons of Israel (Nu 21:9ac; 2Ki 18:4+)

5730 II. נָחָשׁ (nā·ḥāš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5904;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nahash: part of a compound name, Ir Nahash, see 6560

5731 III. נָחָשׁ (nā·ḥāš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5176;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nahash: 1. king of the Ammonites (1Sa 11:1,2; 12:12; 2Sa 10:2; 17:27; 1Ch 19:1, 2+) 2. The father of Abigail (2Sa 17:25+)

נְחֻשָׁה (neḥǔ·šā(h)) BDB: see 5703 (Lev 26:19+)

5732 נַחְשׁוֹן (nǎḥ·šôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5177;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nahshon: of Judah, assistant of Moses (Ex 6:23; Nu 1:7; 2:3; 7:12, 17; 10:14; Ru 4:20; 1Ch 2:10, 11+), see also DBLGrk 3709

5733 I. נְחֹשֶׁת (neḥō·šěṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5178; TWOT 1349a, 1350a—1. LN 2.49–2.62 copper, i.e., a common reddish, malleable, metallic element, mined as ore from the earth (Dt 8:9; Eze 22:18; 22:20; 24:11+); 2. LN 2.49–2.62 bronze, i.e., an alloy of copper and tin, and possibly other elements, from which many different utensils and items are manufactured (1Sa 17:5), note: “brass” could be used as a term for this alloy (as with the RSV) but as is commonly used today, brass is an alloy of copper-zinc; 3. LN 6.14–6.22 bronze fetters (Jdg 16:21; 2Sa 3:34; 2Ki 25:7; 2Ch 33:11; 36:6; Jer 39:7; 52:11; La 3:7); 4. LN 6.68–6.82 (NIV, NJB) wealth, formally, bronze, i.e., bronze money of an unspecified quantity (Isa 60:17; Eze 16:36), for another interp, see 5734

5734 II. נְחֹשֶׁת (neḥō·šěṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 5178; TWOT 1349a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 female genitals, i.e., the sexual organs of the female body (Eze 16:36+), note: widely translated: (Holladay) female genitals or menstruation; (KJV, NKJV, ASV) filthiness; (NASB) lewdness; (NRSV, NAB) lust; (RSV) shame; (NEB) prodigal in excess; (Tanakh) brazen effrontery (shameless boldness); note: for other translation options, see WBC28:230; for yet another interp, see 5733; see also 5734; 2. LN 88.271–88.282 unit: שָׁפַךְ נְחֹשֶׁת (šā·p̄ǎḵ neḥō·šěṯ)2 engage in sexual excess, formally, pour out the genitals, i.e., engage in shameful acts of sex with no shame (Eze 16:36+), note: use of the verb “pour out” does not require the object be some kind of liquid, but is used as a figure of “completeness.”

5735 נְחֻשְׁתָּא (neḥǔš·tā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5179;—LN 93-pers. (female) Nehushta: wife of Jehoiachin (2Ki 24:8+)

5736 נְחֻשְׁתָּן (neḥǔš·tān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5180; TWOT 1347b—LN 12.23 (pagan god?) Nehushtan: serpent idol consisting of a bronze snake figure, originally brought healing, but came to be an idolatrous figure (to Yahweh?) (2Ki 18:4+; cf. Nu 21:6–9; Jn 3:14)

נחת (nḥt): see 5737

5737 נָחַת (nā·ḥǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 5181; TWOT 1351—1. LN 15.107–15.117 (qal) descend, go down, i.e., make linear motion of to a lower elevation (Job 17:16; 21:13; Jer 21:13+), note: this can refer to death, or a violent action; 2. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal) strike, formally, come down, i.e., the non-linear motion of a hand giving a blow or strike (Ps 38:3b[EB 2b]+); (hif) bring down, cause to strike (Joel 4:11[EB 3:11]+); 3. LN 27.55–27.60 (qal) impress, formally, come down, i.e., pay close attention and respond appropriately, as an extension of a blow of the hand catches the attention of the one hit (Pr 17:10+), note: for another parsing in Job 17:16; 21:13, see 5739; 4. LN 19.14–19.26 (nif) be pierced, penetrate, i.e., make physical impact with an arrow (Ps 38:3a[EB 2a]+), note: some translate as a linear motion of falling down; 5. LN 16 (piel) bend, i.e., make a non-linear motion of bending or twisting an object creating tension on the object (2Sa 22:35; Ps 18:35[EB 34]+); 6. LN 79.84–79.87 (piel) level off, i.e., make a rough area with elevations and depressions all one level (Ps 65:11[EB 10]+)

5738 I. נַחַת (nǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5183; TWOT 1323a, 1351a—1. LN 16 descending, descent, i.e., the falling motion of an arm coming down as a non-linear motion (Isa 30:30+); 2. LN 42.7–42.28 unit: נַחַת זְרוֹעַ (nǎ·ḥǎṯ zerôaʿ) strike, formally, descent of the arm, i.e., to give or perform something as the figurative extension of the motion of striking an object (Isa 30:30+)

5739 II. נַחַת (nǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 5183; TWOT 1323a—1. LN 25.146–25.155 comfort, i.e., that which eases grief and trouble and so provides consolation (Job 36:16+); 2. LN 22.42–22.47 peace, tranquility, i.e., a state of rest from trouble and so be in a state of favorable circumstance (Pr 29:9; Ecc 4:6; 6:5+), note: for another parsing in Job 17:16, see 5737; 3. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: דָּבָר בְּ־ נַחַת (dā·ḇār b- nǎ·ḥǎṯ)2 normal speech, formally, words of quietness, i.e., what is normally spoken in a normal tone (Ecc 9:17+); 4. LN 68.34–68.57 rest, waiting, i.e., the state of not being ceasing and so not being in an activity, implying faith in another that will deliver or make safe (Isa 30:15+)

5740 III. נַחַת (nǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5184;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nahath: 1. of Esau (Ge 36:13, 17; 1Ch 1:37+) 2. Levite of the Elkanah clan (1Ch 6:11[EB 26]+) 3. overseer in Hezekiah’s time (2Ch 31:13+)

5741 נָחֵת (nā·ḥēṯ): adj.; ≡ Str 5185; TWOT 1351b—LN 15.107–15.117 descending, going down, i.e., pertaining to a descending linear motion (2Ki 6:9+), note: some emend text to 2461 nif or 2837 qal

נטה (nṭh): see 5742

5742 נָטָה (nā·ṭā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5186; TWOT 1352—1. LN 16 (qal) spread out, i.e., a non-linear motion of an object covering an ever larger area, extending from a source (Job 26:7); (qal pass.) spread out (Eze 1:22); (nif) be spread out (Nu 24:6+); (hof) outspread (Isa 8:8+); 2. LN 16 (qal) stretch out, i.e., a non-linear motion of a limb of the body, with a focus that an action will occur (Ex 7:5); (qal pass.) outstretched, be extended, upraised (Ex 6:6); (nif) be stretched out, extend out (Jer 6:4; Zec 1:16+); (hif) extend, stretch out (Jer 6:12), note: for another parsing in Isa 8:8, see 4755; in Eze 9:9, see 4754; 3. LN 17.29–17.33 (qal) be bent, i.e., be in a stooping position, implying an action of pushing will follow (Ge 49:15; Jdg 16:30); (hif) cause to bend (Ge 24:14); 4. LN 16 (qal) turn aside, swerve, i.e., a non-linear pivoting motion which results in facing or moving a different direction or path (Nu 20:17); 5. LN 30.56–30.74 (qal) plot, scheme, conspire, i.e., think and plan a course of action with others (1Ki 2:28; Ps 21:12[EB 11]); 6. LN 45 (qal) pitch a tent, i.e., put up a tent as a dwelling, as an extension of a stretching, pulling motion (Ex 33:7); (hif) pitch (2Sa 16:22); 7. LN 31.1–31.7 (qal) inclined, set on, i.e., have an opinion, or have a certain view (Jdg 9:3; Ps 119:112); (hif) win over, cause a certain opinion (2Sa 19:15[EB 14]); 8. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) give, show, extend, i.e., cause an event or condition to happen (Ge 39:21; 1Ch 21:10; Isa 66:12); (hif) extend (Ezr 7:28); 9. LN 34.22–34.30 (qal) turn, i.e., be in a state of engagement or disengagement in a relationship, as a figurative extension of turning off or on a path (1Ki 11:9; Ps 40:2[EB 1]; 119:51, 157); (hif) turn (Ps 31:3[EB 2]); 10. LN 85.55–85.64 (qal) stay, remain, dwell, i.e., remain in a place as an extension of putting up a tent (Ge 38:1); 11. LN 81.1–81.2 (qal) measure, formally, stretch out, i.e., measure or gauge an object according to a unit or standard, often for constructing or crafting an object (Isa 44:13); 12. LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) brandish, i.e., grasp and extend a weapon in a threatening manner (Eze 30:25); 13. LN 88.262–88.270 (hif) pervert, deny, withhold, i.e., cause one to turn away from a correct behavior (Dt 16:19); 14. LN 88.271–88.282 unit: (qal pass.) הָלַךְ נָטָה גָּרוֹן (hā·lǎḵ nā·ṭā(h) gā·rôn) walk like a flirt, seduce, formally, walk with stretched neck, i.e., not so much to walk with the head held high, but rather to extend the neck in a manner that looks side to side and behind coyly to see if anyone notices them, as a potential sexual misbehavior (Isa 3:16+); 15. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: (qal) נָטָה הַ־ יוֹם (nā·ṭā(h) hǎ- yôm)1 afternoon, formally, turn of the day, i.e., a period of time between morning and evening, when the sun begins to decline in the sky (Jdg 19:8); 16. LN 24.52–24.70 unit: (hif) נָטָה אֹזֶן (nā·ṭā(h) ʾō·zěn) listen and respond, formally, turn the ear, i.e., pay attention to what one says, and so respond, either in obedience or mercy (2Ki 19:16), note: Eze 9:9 hof, see 4754

5743 נְטוֹפָתִי (neṭô·p̄ā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5200;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Netophathite: pertaining to Netophah (2Sa 23:28, 29; 2Ki 25:23; 1Ch 2:54; 9:16; 11:30; 27:13, 15; Ne 12:28; Jer 40:8+), see also 5756

5744 נָטִיל (nā·ṭîl): adj.; ≡ Str 5187; TWOT 1353b—LN 57.189–57.208 trading with, formally, weighing or laden, i.e., pertaining to a merchant’s transactions, buying, selling, and bartering (Zep 1:11+)

5745 נָטִיעַ (nā·ṭîaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5195; TWOT 1354b—LN 3.47–3.59 shoot of a young plant, implying life and vigor (Ps 144:12+), note: some think context favors an architectural term such as “towers.”

נְטִיפָה (neṭî·p̄ā(h)): see 5755 (Jdg 8:26+)

נְטִיפוֹת (neṭî·p̄ôṯ): see 5755 (Isa 3:19+)

נְטִישָׁה (neṭî·šā(h)): see 5746

5746 נְטִישׁוֹת (neṭî·šôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 5189; TWOT 1357a—LN 3.47–3.59 tendrils, i.e., spreading vine branches as a new, tender growth (Isa 18:5; Jer 5:10; 48:32+)

נטל (nṭl): see 5747

5747 נָטַל (nā·ṭǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5190; TWOT 1353—1. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) give, allow, formally, lay upon, i.e., place an option for an event to happen (2Sa 24:12; La 3:28+); 2. LN 86.1–86.3 (qal) weigh, i.e., quantify an amount of mass relative to a standard unit (Isa 40:15+); 3. LN 15.187–15.211 (piel) lift up, carry, i.e., cause linear movement of an object by lifting and bearing, with a focus that the object carried is cared for, see also domain LN 35.36–35.46 (Isa 63:9+)

5748 נֵטֶל (nē·ṭěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5192; TWOT 1353a—LN 86.1–86.3 burden, load, i.e., that which is physically heavy (Pr 27:3+)

נטע (nṭʿ): see 5749

5749 נָטַע (nā·ṭǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 5193; TWOT 1354—1. LN 43 (qal) plant, i.e., place seeds or root-stock in the ground for agricultural purposes (Lev 19:23); (qal pass.) embedded, planted (Ecc 3:2+); (nif) be planted (Isa 40:24+); 2. LN 18.12–18.23 (qal pass.) firmly embedded, formally, planted, i.e., be in a fastened state, as an extension of having a plant firmly rooted (Ecc 12:11+); 3. LN 85.55–85.64 (qal) dwell, formally, plant, i.e., cause to live or stay in a certain place, as an extension of planting a seed or root in the ground (2Sa 7:10); 4. LN 45 (qal) set up, build, formally, plant, i.e., construct a permanent structure, as a figurative extension of planting a seed or root in the ground (Dt 16:21); 5. LN 85.32–85.54 (qal) set, place, put, i.e., place an object in a place, as an extension of planting a seed or root in the ground (Isa 51:16); 6. LN 45 (qal) pitch a tent, formally, plant, i.e., put up a temporary dwelling (with a focus on the stakes in the ground?) as an extension of planting a seed or root in the ground (Da 11:45)

5750 נֶטַע (ně·ṭǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5194; TWOT 1354a—1. LN 3.1 plant, i.e., any of the taxonomical kingdom of Plantae of living things (Job 14:9; Isa 17:10+); 2. LN 43 act. of planting, i.e., the agricultural act. of setting out of plants in the soil (Isa 17:11+); 3. LN 1.95–1.98 garden, i.e., many plants arranged orderly and cared for by a husbandman (Isa 5:7+), note: in context a vineyard

5751 נְטָעִים (neṭā·ʿîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5196;—LN 93-place (loc.) Netaim: potter’s site in Judah (1Ch 4:23+)

נְטִעִים (neṭi·ʿîm): see 5745

נטף (nṭp): see 5752

5752 נָטַף (nā·ṭǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5197; TWOT 1355—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) pour down, gently fall, drip, i.e., the movement of liquid or mass in a downward motion, implying an abundant state (Jdg 5:4; Ps 68:9[EB 8]; Pr 5:3; SS 4:11; 5:5, 13; Joel 4:18[EB 3:18]+), note: the intensity of pouring varies by context; note: in some contexts this can refer to verbal communication; (hif) drip (Am 9:13+); 2. LN 33.256–33.261 (qal) speak with appeal, formally, drip, i.e., speak information or revelation which may be accepted, as an extension of a mass or liquid dripping (Job 29:22+); (hif) preach, prophesy (Eze 21:2[EB 20:46],7[EB 2]; Am 7:16; Mic 2:6,11+)

נָטָף (nā·ṭāp̄) BDB: see 5754 (Job 36:27+)

5753 נָטָף (nā·ṭāp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5198; TWOT 1355a, 1355b—LN 6.205–6.212 drops of stacte, resin droplets, i.e., oily beads of gum resin of a shrub, possibly Pistacia lentiscus used in the making of incense (Ex 30:34+), note: some sources question which exact plant these resin drops came from

5754 נֶטֶף (ně·ṭěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5198; TWOT 1355a—LN 2.7–2.13 drop, i.e., a very small unit of liquid that falls in one spherical mass (Job 36:27+)

5755 נְטִפָה (neṭi·p̄ā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 5188; TWOT 1355c—LN 6.188–6.196 pendant, i.e., a drop-shaped ornament that hangs suspended from an anchor point (Jdg 8:26; Isa 3:19+), note: in context it may be from the neck, or the ear-lobe

5756 נְטֹפָה (neṭō·p̄ā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5199;—LN 93-place (loc.) Netophah: town in Judah near Bethlehem (Ezr 2:22; Ne 7:26+), see also 5743

נְטֹפָתִי (neṭō·p̄ā·ṯî) Holladay, BDB: see 5743

נטר (nṭr) Holladay: see 5757, 5758

נטר (nṭr)[1] KB, Lisowsky: see 5757

נטר (nṭr)[2] KB, Lisowsky: see 5758

5757 I. נָטַר (nā·ṭǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5201; TWOT 1356—LN 35.36–35.46 (qal) care for, tend, act. as a caretaker, be in a state of caring for objects by proper actions (SS 1:6; 8:11, 12+)

5758 II. נָטַר (nā·ṭǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5201; TWOT 1356—LN 88.171–88.191 (qal) be angry, harbor a grudge, maintain wrath, i.e., be in a state of displeasure with an object, implying for a considerable period of time (Lev 19:18; Ps 103:9; Jer 3:5, 12; Na 1:2+)

נטשׁ (nṭš): see 5759

5759 נָטַשׁ (nā·ṭǎš): v.; ≡ Str 5203; TWOT 1357—1. LN 34.40–34.41 forsake, reject, abandon, i.e., cause a relationship or association to cease until a possible renewal (Dt 32:15; Jdg 6:13; 1Sa 12:22; 1Ki 8:57; 2Ki 21:14; Ps 27:9; 94:14; Pr 1:8; 6:20; Isa 2:6; Jer 7:29; 12:7; 15:6; 23:33+), see also LN 39.34–39.41; (nif) be deserted (Am 5:2+); 2. LN 16 (qal) spread out, i.e., linear movement of several objects in multiple and different directions (Nu 11:31; 1Sa 4:2+); (qal pass.) be scattered (1Sa 30:16+); (nif) spread out (Jdg 15:9; 2Sa 5:18, 22; Isa 16:8; 33:23+); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) have remain, give an opportunity, i.e., have a state or condition continue (Ge 31:28; Hos 12:15[EB 14]+); 4. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) discontinue, i.e., have a state cease (1Sa 10:2; Pr 17:14+), see also domain LN 13.1–13.47; 5. LN 65.30–65.39 (qal) abandon, fallow, i.e., not be used for a period of time (Ex 23:11; Ne 10:32[EB 31]+); 6. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) leave, depart, i.e., move out of an area, leaving objects in a certain place (1Sa 17:20, 22, 28; Eze 29:5; 31:12; Ps 78:60+); (pual) be abandoned (Isa 32:14+); 7. LN 16 (qal pass.) be drawn, i.e., pertaining to a non-linear movement of taking an object out of a container (Isa 21:15+); 8. LN 15.135–15.140 (qal) disperse, i.e., cause an object to leave an area (Jer 23:39; Eze 32:4+)

5760 נִי (nî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5204; TWOT 1311c—LN 25.135–25.145 wailing, mourning, i.e., lamentation as a ritualized expression of sorrow, implying repentance (Eze 27:32+), see also 5631

5761 ־נִי (nî): pronominal suffix (obj. or poss.1cs.)—LN 92.1–92.3 me, my, i.e., a marker of reference to the speaker (Ge 3:13)

ניא (nyʾ) Lisowsky: see 5529

5762 נִיב (nîḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5108; TWOT 1318a—1. LN 3.33–3.46 fruit, i.e., the produce of plants consumable for food (Mal 1:12+); 2. LN 33.354–33.364 unit: נִיב שָׂפָה (nîḇ śā·p̄ā(h)) praise, formally, fruit of the lips, i.e., the speaking of words of praise (Isa 57:19 Q+), note: for K, see 5650

5763 נֵיבָי (nê·ḇāy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5109;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nebai: signer of the covenant (Ne 10:20[EB 19]+), see also 5651

נִיבָי (nî·ḇāy), נֵיבָי (nê·ḇāy) BDB: see 5763

5764 נִיד (nîḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5205; TWOT 1319b—LN 33.299–33.306 words of comfort, encouragement, i.e., spoken things said that seek or bring hope and consolation (Job 16:5+), note: some sources translate “condolence” with more focus on sympathy, see also domain LN 33.69–33.108

5765 נִידָה (nî·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5206; TWOT 1302b—LN 53.33–53.40 uncleanness, defilement, impurity, i.e., that which is no longer sanctified and so common and ceremonially impure (La 1:8+), see also 5614

5766 נָיוֹת (nāy·wōṯ): n.pr. [oth n.fem.]; ≡ Str 5121;—LN 93-place (most versions) (loc.) Naioth: place near Ramah, just N of Jerusalem (1Sa 19:18–20:1+ passim), note: for K see 5662, 5668, note: NAB, NJB, possibly translate as a common noun “shed,” or “hut.”

נִיחוֹחַ (nî·ḥôaḥ) BDB: see 5767

5767 נִיחֹחַ (nî·ḥōaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5207; TWOT 1323c—LN 40 appeasement, formally, pleasing, soothing, i.e., that which brings reconciliation, peace and relationship between two parties as a figurative extension of a pleasant odor (like incense) in the nostrils of a party (Ge 8:21; Ex 29:18, 25, 41; Lev 1:9–26:31 passim; Nu 15:3–29:36 passim; Eze 6:13; 16:19; 20:28, 41+), see also domain LN 79.45–79.47

נין (nyn): see 5768

נִין (nîn) BDB: see 5672

5768 I. נִין (nîn): v.; ≡ Str 5125; TWOT 1326—LN 59.62–59.71 (qal or hif) sprout forth, i.e., cause a number to increase as a figurative extension of biological growth (Ps 72:17+ K)

5769 II. נִין (nîn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5209; TWOT 1326a—LN 10.14–10.48 offspring, posterity, i.e., children of a successive generation (Ge 21:23; Job 18:19; Isa 14:22+), note: Ps 74:8 some parse as 3561

5770 נִינְוֵה (nî·newē(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5210;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nineveh: city of Assyria (Ge 10:11, 12; 2Ki 19:36; Isa 37:37; Jhn 1:2–4:11 passim; Na 1:1; 2:9[EB 8]; 3:7; Zep 2:13+)

נִינָם (nî·nām) BDB: see 3561 + 4392 (Ps 74:8)

5771 נִיס (nîs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5211; TWOT 1327—see 5674 (Jer 48:44 K+)

5772 נִיסָן (nî·sān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5212; TWOT 1359—LN 67.163–67.200 (month of calendar) Nisan: first month of the Babylonian calendar, equal to Canaanite month of Abib, now known as March-April (Ne 2:1; Est 3:7+)

5773 נִיצוֹץ (nî·ṣôṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5213; TWOT 1405a—LN 2.3–2.6 spark, i.e., a very small particle of burning material large enough to set fire to tinder or tow (flax fluff) (Isa 1:31+), see also LN 14.63–14.73

ניר (nyr): see 5774

5774 I. נִיר (nîr): v.; ≡ Str 5214; TWOT 1360—LN 43 (qal imv.) furrow, till, dig up, i.e., break up sod or packed soil to bring land into cultivation (Jer 4:3; Hos 10:12+), see also 5776

5775 II. נִיר (nîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5216; TWOT 1333b—1. LN 37.119–37.126 chosen rulership, presence, formally, lamp, i.e., the reigning presence of an heir, with a special focus to keep or guard something, as a figurative extension of a lamp that gives light (as in the Temple) (1Ki 11:36; 15:4; 2Ki 8:19; 2Ch 21:7+); 2. LN 13.1–13.47 attribute, formally, lamp, i.e., be or possess a certain characteristic (Pr 21:4+), note: some change text to 5624

5776 III. נִיר (nîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5215; TWOT 1360a—LN 1.95–1.98 fallow, unplowed ground, i.e., land broken up in a past season, but not plowed this season for maximum yields (Pr 13:23; Jer 4:3; Hos 10:12+)

נֵירִי (nê·rî) Holladay: see 5944 (2Sa 22:29+)

נִירָם (nî·rām) Holladay: see 3721 (Nu 21:30+)

נכא (nkʾ): see 5777

5777 I. נָכָא (nā·ḵā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 5217; TWOT 1362—LN 15.160–15.164 (nif pf.) be driven out, i.e., be caused to move, possibly by whipping or scourging (Job 30:8+)

5778 II. נָכָא (nā·ḵā(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 5218; TWOT 1362a, 1362b—LN 22.15–22.20 afflicted, smitten, i.e., pertaining to one unmercifully beaten, and so in a state of grief or hopelessness (Isa 16:7+)

5779 נָכֵא (nā·ḵē(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 5218; TWOT 1362a—1. LN 19.43–19.54 crushed, beaten, broken, i.e., pertaining to that which is pressed to the point of breaking (Pr 15:13; 17:22; 18:14+); 2. LN 25.223–25.250 unit: רוּחַ נָכֵא (rûaḥ nā·ḵē(ʾ)) hopeless state, formally, crushed of spirit, i.e., a condition where one is in an utter state of distress and so without hope, as a figurative extension of the pressing or crushing of an object (Pr 15:13; 17:22; 18:14+)

נְכָאֹת (neḵā·ʾōṯ) Lisowsky: see 5780

5780 נְכֹאת (neḵō(ʾ)ṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5219; TWOT 1362c—LN 6.197–6.202 aromatic gum, resin, spices, i.e., pleasant smelling resin from plant products, variously identified: Astragalus gummifer or Astragalus tragacantha; ladanum (resin of the rockrose plant or another of the family Cistaceae (Ge 37:25; 43:11+)

5781 נֶכֶד (ně·ḵěḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5220; TWOT 1363a—LN 10.14–10.48 descendant, progeny, i.e., the posterity of a successive generation (Ge 21:23; Job 18:19; Isa 14:22+)

נכה (nkh): see 5782

5782 נָכָה (nā·ḵā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5221; TWOT 1364—1. LN 19.1–19.13 (hif) strike, beat, i.e., make physical contact with a blow (Ex 7:17); (nif) be struck (2Sa 11:15+); (hof) be struck, be beat, be wounded (Ex 5:14, 16; 22:1[EB 2]; Isa 1:5; 53:4; Zec 13:6+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (hif) destroy, ruin, i.e., cause the destruction of an object (2Ch 14:13[EB 14]+); (hof) destroyed (Eze 33:21; 40:1+); (pual) be destroyed, formally, be struck (Ex 9:31, 32+); 3. LN 20.61–20.88 (hif) kill, slaughter, i.e., take the life of another (Ex 2:12); (hof) killed, slain (Nu 25:14,15, 18; Jer 18:21+); 4. LN 23.142–23.184 (hif) afflict, i.e., cause one to become ill or sick (Dt 28:27; 1Sa 5:6); (hof) be afflicted (1Sa 5:12; Ps 102:5[EB 4]; Hos 9:16+); 5. LN 39.52–39.61 (hif) defeat, conquer, i.e., have a military victory over an opponent or enemy (Jos 10:10); 6. LN 19.1–19.13 unit: נָכָה בְּ־ אֶגְרֹף רֶשַׁע (nā·ḵā(h) b- ʾěḡ·rōp̄ rě·šǎʿ) (NJB, NEB, REB) vicious blow, formally, strike in fist of wickedness, i.e., strike very hard (Isa 58:4+); 7. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: נָכָה לְ־ פֶּה חֶרֶב (nā·ḵā(h) l- pě(h) ḥě·rěḇ) kill, formally, strike with the mouth of the sword (Jos 10:30); 8. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: נָכָה שׁוֹק עַל יָרֵךְ (nā·ḵā(h) šôq ʿǎl yā·rēḵ) be vicious, formally, strike them hip and thigh, i.e., to destroy or kill in a very violent and vicious manner (Jdg 15:8)

5783 נָכֶה (nā·ḵě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 5223; TWOT 1364a—1. LN 23.142–23.184 lame, crippled, i.e., pertaining to being physically disabled in the lower limbs (2Sa 4:4; 9:3+); 2. LN 31.58–31.81 contrite, penitent, i.e., pertaining to being repentant for a sin or grievance, implying regret (Isa 66:2+)

נָכֵה (nā·ḵē(h)): see 5783

5784 נֵכֶה (nē·ḵě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 5222; TWOT 1364b—LN 33.387–33.403 attacking, verbal abusing, i.e., pertaining to persons who actively hit and strike another either verbally or physically (Ps 35:15+), note: for another text, see BHS ftn, 3869 + 5797; WBC19:285 see 9412; note: BDB, translates as “cripple” as pertaining to persons who are afflicted, apparently as a statement of heightened irony that persons of even lowest status abuse another, implying very low status of the speaker in the Psalm

5785 נְכֹה (neḵō(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5224, 6549;—LN 93-pers. (male) Neco: Pharaoh of Egypt in the days of Jehoahaz and Jehoiakim (2Ki 23:29, 33, 34, 35+), see also 5786

5786 נְכוֹ (neḵô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5224;—LN 93-pers. (male) Neco: Pharaoh of Egypt in the days of Jehoahaz and Jehoiakim (2Ch 35:20, 22; 36:4; Jer 46:2+), see also 5785

5787 I. נָכוֹן (nā·ḵôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3559; TWOT 964—LN 19.43–19.54 blow, push, thrust, i.e., the off balance contortion of a falling person in the act. of slipping (Job 12:5+), note: NIV translates “fate”

5788 II. נָכוֹן (nā·ḵôn): see 3922

5789 III. נָכוֹן (nā·ḵôn): n.pr. [oth n.pr.masc.]; ≡ Str 5225;—LN 93-pers. (loc.) Nacon: site between Kiriath Jearim and Jerusalem named after its owner (2Sa 6:6+), see also 3961

5790 נֹכַח (nō·ḵǎḥ): adv. [see also 5790.5]; ≡ Str 5226, 5227;—1. LN 83.33–83.41 before, in front of, straight ahead, i.e., pertaining to a anterior spatial position, with the object perceived to also have back side (1Ki 22:35); 2. LN 83.42–83.45 opposite, i.e., pertaining to a space in front of another space, with a space between the two objects or areas (Ex 26:35); 3. LN 90.36–90.42 in behalf of, for, i.e., a marker of benefaction of a participant in an event (Ge 25:21); 4. LN 83.23–83.32 near, vicinity, i.e., pertaining to a space in proximity to another area or space (Jdg 20:43); 5. LN 31.14–31.25 agree, consent, i.e., give approval of an event, with a focus benefaction in the future will happen (Jdg 18:6)

נֹכַח (nō·ḵǎḥ): n.[masc.] [served by 5790]—see 5790 (Eze 46:9)

5791 נָכֹחַ (nā·ḵōaḥ): adv.; ≡ Str 5228, 5229; TWOT 1365a—LN 88.12–88.23 uprightly, justly, i.e., pertaining to acting in a manner that God requires or encourages (Isa 57:2+)

נָכֹחַ (nā·ḵōaḥ): adj. [served by 5791]; ≡ Str 5228, 5229;—1. LN 66 right, proper, fitting, i.e., pertaining to that which is appropriate to a situation (2Sa 15:3+); 2. LN 88.12–88.23 right, just, i.e., pertaining to that which conforms to a standard (Pr 8:9+); 3. LN 88.39–88.45 honest, i.e., pertaining to being truthful and sincere (Pr 24:26+)

נָכֹחַ (nā·ḵōaḥ): n.masc. [served by 5791]; ≡ Str 5228, 5229;—1. LN 88.12–88.23 justice, what is right, i.e., an act. in accord with what God requires (Isa 26:10; 30:10; Am 3:10+); 2. LN 88.39–88.45 honesty, i.e., the concept of being truthful and sincere (Isa 59:14+)

נכל (nkl): see 5792

5792 נָכַל (nā·ḵǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5230; TWOT 1366—1. LN 57.232–57.248 (qal) cheat, defraud, i.e., rob another of a rightful possession by guile or stealth (Mal 1:14+); 2. LN 31.8–31.13 (piel) deceive, treat cunningly, i.e., cause another to accept a wrong belief (Nu 25:18+); 3. LN 30.56–30.74 (hitp) conspire, plot, i.e., to think about a course of action, and consult with others about the plans (Ge 37:18; Ps 105:25+)

5793 נֵכֶל (nē·ḵěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5231; TWOT 1366a—LN 88.152–88.159 deception, dishonesty, cunning, i.e., to tell or act. a lie, implying doing so with subtlety and skill (Nu 25:18+)

נֶכֶס (ně·ḵěs) BDB: see 5794

5794 נְכָסִים (neḵā·sîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5233; TWOT 1367—1. LN 57.25–57.35 riches, wealth, i.e., the ownership of considerable possessions more than normal in a societal context (Jos 22:8; 2Ch 1:11, 12+); 2. LN 57.1–57.21 possessions, i.e., material goods that are owned or controlled by someone (Ecc 5:18[EB 19]; 6:2+)

נכר (nkr) Holladay, KB: see 5795, 5796

נכר (nkr)[1] Lisowsky: see 5796

נכר (nkr)[2] Lisowsky: see 5795

5795 I. נָכַר (nā·ḵǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5234; TWOT 1368—1. LN 27.61 (hif) recognize, examine, realize, i.e., identify and correlate information, usually based on seeing and perception (1Ki 18:7); (nif) recognized (La 4:8+); 2. LN 31.14–31.25 (hif) acknowledge, notice, i.e., assent to a event, and so behave or speak in a manner corresponding to that situation (Dt 21:17); (hitp) make known (Pr 20:11+); 3. LN 30.75–30.85 (piel) pay regard, favor, consider, formally, gaze (Job 21:29; 34:19+); 4. LN 30.75–30.85 unit: נָכַר פָּנֶה (nā·ḵǎr pā·ně(h)) be prejudiced, be a friend, formally, recognize the face, i.e., make a decision based on factors other than the facts at hand, usually inferring that a party in a dispute is a friend (Dt 1:17), note: other sources parse Pr 26:24 nif; Dt 32:27; Job 21:29 piel, as 5796

5796 II. נָכַר (nā·ḵǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5234; TWOT 1368—1. LN 65.1–65.16 (piel) treat foreign, treat as worthless, i.e., treat as having little or no value, as an extension of ascribing low social status to a foreign person (Jer 19:4+); 2. LN 32.19–32.23 (piel) mistake, misunderstand, i.e., have a difficulty understanding a situation, as an extension of having a disguise on an object and so not having a proper recognition (Dt 32:27+); 3. LN 31.8–31.13 (hitp) feign, pretend, i.e., make a pretense to be a stranger or unknown person, and so cause a person to hold a wrong belief about an object (Ge 42:7; 1Ki 14:5, 6+); (nif) disguise oneself (Pr 26:24+), see also domain LN 88.227–88.237; 4. LN 37.111–37.113 unit: נָכַר (nā·ḵǎr) … בְּ־ יָד (b- yāḏ) hand over, formally, reject into the hand, i.e., deliver into the custody of another as an extension of the rejection of a relationship or covenant (1Sa 23:7+), note: other sources parse Pr 26:24 nif; Dt 32:27; Job 21:29 piel, as 5795

נֶכֶר (ně·ḵěr) BDB, Lisowsky: see 5798 (Job 31:3+)

5797 נֵכָר (nē·ḵār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5236; TWOT 1368b—1. LN 1.79–1.81 foreign land, i.e., an area not native from the point of view of the speaker, note: always used in combination, see next; 2. LN 11.55–11.89 unit: בֵּן נֵכָר (bēn nē·ḵār) foreigner, formally, son of a foreign land, i.e., one with no kinship ties (2Sa 22:45); 3. LN 12.22 unit: אֱלֹהִים הַ־ נֵכָר (ʾělō·hîm hǎ- nē·ḵār) pagan god, formally, god of an alien land, i.e., a deity that is not the true God (Ge 35:2); 4. LN 12.22 unit: אֵל נֵכָר (ʾēl nē·ḵār) pagan god, formally, god of an alien land, i.e., a deity that is not the true God (Dt 32:12); 5. LN 12.22 unit: אֱלוֹהַּ נֵכָר (ʾělôah nē·ḵār) pagan god, formally, god of an alien land, i.e., a deity that is not the true God (Da 11:39); 6. LN 6.106–6.117 unit: מִזְבֵּחַ הַ־ נֵכָר (miz·bēaḥ hǎ- nē·ḵār) foreign altars, i.e., altars which do not worship the true god (1Ch 14:2[EB 3]); 7. LN 53.44–53.52 unit: כֹּל נֵכָר (kōl nē·ḵār) foreign things, i.e., anything common and so not sanctified ritually (Ne 13:30); 8. LN 1.79–1.81 unit: אֲדָמָה נֵכָר (ʾǎḏā·mā(h) nē·ḵār) foreign land, i.e., any land that is not native from the view of the speaker (Ps 137:4); 9. LN 6.96–6.101 unit: הֶבֶל נֵכָר (hě·ḇěl nē·ḵār) worthless foreign idols, i.e., images of pagan gods that are worshiped (Jer 8:19)

5798 נֵכֶר (nē·ḵěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5235; TWOT 1368a—LN 22.21–22.28 disaster, ruin, calamity, i.e., which causes hardship and misfortune (Job 31:3; Ob 12+)

נֹכֶר (nō·ḵěr) Lisowsky: see 5798 (Ob 12+)

5799 נָכְרִי (nāḵ·rî): adj. [see also 5799.5]; ≡ Str 5237; TWOT 1368c—1. LN 34.40–34.41 foreign, alien, i.e., pertaining to that which is not in the same clan, land area or religion as the speaker and so not in close association or limited association (Ezr 10:2); 2. LN 43 wild, untamed, i.e., pertaining to that which is not domestic and cultivated (Jer 2:21)

נָכְרִי (nāḵ·rî): n.masc. [served by 5799]; ≡ Str 5237; TWOT 1368c—1. LN 11.55–11.89 foreigner, i.e., one with no kinship ties, so alien from the view of the speaker (1Ki 8:41); 2. LN 92.11–92.25 someone else, i.e., another person other than self, who may or may not be in the same clan or land area or religion (Pr 27:2)

נָכְרִיָּה (nāḵ·riy·yā(h)): n.fem. [served by 5799]; ≡ Str 5237; TWOT 1368c—1. LN 11.55–11.89 foreigner, i.e., one with no kinship ties, so alien from the view of the speaker (Ge 31:15); 2. LN 88.271–88.282 adulteress, formally, foreign woman, i.e., a woman that engages in sexual immorality (Pr 7:5)

5800 נְכֹת (neḵōṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 5238; TWOT 1369—1. LN 57.36 treasure, i.e., an accumulation of wealth and possessions as an asset of a government (2Ki 20:13; Isa 39:2 Q+); 2. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת נְכֹת (bǎ·yiṯ neḵōṯ) treasure house, store house, i.e., a building where treasure is stored (2Ki 20:13; Isa 39:2 Q+)

נלה (nlh): see 5801

5801 נָלָה (nā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5239; TWOT 1370—LN 68.22–68.33 (hif inf.) stop, formally, obtain, succeed, i.e., bring an end to an activity, with a focus on the successful completion of it, possibly as an ironic statement to heighten the cessation of an activity (Isa 33:1+)

5802 נְמִבְזָה (nemiḇ·zā(h)): see 1022 nif (1Sa 15:9 K+)

5803 נְמוּאֵל (nemû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5241;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nemuel: 1. son of Simeon (Nu 26:12; 1Ch 4:24+), see also 3543, note: for gentilic, see 5804 2. of Reuben (Nu 26:9+)

5804 נְמוּאֵלִי (nemû·ʾē·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5242;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Nemuelite: pertaining to Nemuel (Nu 26:12+), see also 5803(1.)

5805 נְמָלָה (nemā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5244; TWOT 1371a—LN 4.47–4.50 ant, an insect of the Formicidae family, known for social organizational skill (Pr 6:6; 30:25+)

5806 נָמֵס (nā·mēs): see 5022 nif (1Sa 15:9; Ps 22:15[EB 14]; Eze 21:12[EB 7]; Na 2:11[EB 10]+)

5807 נָמֵר (nā·mēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5246; TWOT 1372a—LN 4.1–4.37 leopard, panther, i.e., a large strong cat of Asia and Africa, either tawny or buff with black spots arranged in rosettes, called Panthera pardus in some sources, and identified as a species of Felis pardus in another (SS 4:8; Isa 11:6; Jer 5:6; 13:23; Hos 13:7; Hab 1:8+)

5808 נִמְרֹד (nim·rōḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5248;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nimrod: grandson of Ham (Ge 10:8, 9; 1Ch 1:10+), see also 5808.5

נִמְרֹד (nim·rōḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5248;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nimrod: area of land roughly equivalent to the land of Assyria (Mic 5:5[EB 6]+), see also 5808

5809 נִמְרָה (nim·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5247;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nimrah: site in Gilead, assigned to Gad(Nu 32:3+); also, a part of a compound name, Beth Nimrah, see 1113

נִמְרוֹד (nim·rôḏ) BDB: see 5808 (1Ch 1:10+)

5810 נִמְרִים (nim·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5249;—LN 93-place (terr) Nimrim: site in Moab (Isa 15:6; Jer 48:34+)

5811 נִמְשִׁי (nim·šî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5250;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nimshi: grandfather of King Jehu (1Ki 19:16; 2Ki 9:2, 14, 20; 2Ch 22:7+), note: “son” in some of theses contexts may mean a child of the first generation, or a later generation

5812 נֵס (nēs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3071, 5251; TWOT 1379a—1. LN 6.54–6.67 banner, standard, flag, i.e., an ornamental piece of cloth on the end of a staff or pole as a leader’s signal for it’sing. followers (Ps 60:6[EB 4]), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489; 2. LN 6.215–6.225 signal pole, i.e., a wood pole tall enough to be prominently seen when raised (Nu 21:8); 3. LN 33.476–33.489 signal, i.e., that which is a non-verbal communication (Nu 26:10; Jer 4:6); 4. LN 6.41–6.51 sail, i.e., a piece of cloth used for the wind to drive a boat (Isa 33:23); 5. LN 93-place unit: יהוה נֵס ־ִי (yhwh) the LORD is my Banner, i.e., the name of an altar as an n.pr.loc. (Ex 17:15)

נָסְבָה (nās·ḇā(h)) Holladay: see 6015 (Eze 41:7a+)

5813 נְסִבָּה (nesib·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5252; TWOT 1456a—LN 13.104–13.163 turning of events, i.e., an event which happens as a development of events (2Ch 10:15+)

נסה (nsh): see 5814

5814 נָסָה (nā·sā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5254; TWOT 1373—1. LN 27.34–27.47 (piel) test, try, i.e., attempt to learn the true nature of something (1Ki 10:1); 2. LN 68.58–68.62 (piel) attempt, try, i.e., exert oneself to do something (Dt 4:34); 3. LN 22.21–22.28 (piel) test, try, i.e., cause or allow hardship or trouble in a circumstance, often with choices within the situation, implying a different outcome is possible (Jdg 2:22)

נְסָה (nesā(h)), נְסָה (nesā(h)): see 5951 (qal inf. cs.) (Ps 4:7+)

נסח (nsḥ): see 5815

5815 נָסַח (nā·sǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5255; TWOT 1374—1. LN 15.135–15.140 (qal) tear out, uproot, i.e., cause one to be displaced to another place (Ps 52:7[EB 5]; Pr 2:22+); (nif) be uprooted, be torn down (Dt 28:63+), see also domain LN 15.215–15.221; 2. LN 20.31–20.60 demolish, dismantle, i.e., the tearing down of a construction as an act. of destruction (Pr 15:25+)

5816 I. נָסִיךְ (nā·sîḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5257, 5993;—1. LN 53.16–53.27 libation, drink offering, i.e., an offering of a valuable or sacred liquid to a deity (Dt 32:38+); 2. LN 6.96–6.101 molten idol, metal image, i.e., a metal representation of a pagan god (Da 11:8+)

5817 II. נָסִיךְ (nā·sîḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5257; TWOT 1375b—1. LN 37.48–37.95 prince, tribal leader, i.e., one who rules or exercises authority by position related to clan leaders (Jos 13:21; Ps 83:12[EB 11]; Eze 32:30+); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 leader, ruler, i.e., one who leads by ability, possibly according to clan leader relationship, with a focus on military rule (Mic 5:4[EB 5]+)

I. נסךְ (nsk): see 5818

II. נסךְ (nsk): see 5819

5818 I. נָסַךְ (nā·sǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 5258; TWOT 1375, 1377—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) pour out, make liquid or molten mass go in or out of a container (Isa 40:19; 44:10+); 2. LN 53.16–53.27 (qal) pour a drink offering (Ex 30:9; Hos 9:4+); (hif) pour out (Ge 35:14; Nu 28:7; 2Sa 23:16; 2Ki 16:13; Ps 16:4; Jer 7:18; 19:13; 32:29; 44:17, 18, 19,25; Eze 20:28+); (piel) pour out (1Ch 11:18+); (hof) be poured out (Ex 25:29; 37:16+), note: see also LN 47.1–47.7; 3. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) happen, i.e., cause an event to happen as a figurative extension of pouring out a liquid or mass (Isa 29:10+), note: as a focus on the experience, see also domain LN 90.85–90.97, LN 90.51–90.55; 4. LN 34.22–34.30 unit: (qal) נָסַךְ מַסֵּכָה (nā·sǎḵ mǎs·sē·ḵā(h))1 form an alliance, formally pour out a drink offering, i.e., join in an association, including a ceremony of pouring out libation (Isa 30:1+)

5819 II. נָסַךְ (nā·sǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 5259; TWOT 1376—LN 79.114–79.117 (qal pass.) be covered, be overshadowed, formally, be woven or interweaved, i.e., to cover over an object, with a focus that this covering inhibits or restrains the blessings of God, and so is associated with a curse as a figurative extension of the result of weaving something into heavy fabric (Isa 25:7+)

5820 III. נָסַךְ (nā·sǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 5258; TWOT 1375—1. LN 37.48–37.95 (qal pf.) install, set, i.e., to place or induct one in an office or position (Ps 2:6+); 2. LN 30.86–30.107 (nif pf.) be appointed, be chosen, i.e., selection which may imply a special relationship with the one who chooses (Pr 8:23+)

5821 I. נֶסֶךְ (ně·sěḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5262; TWOT 1375a—LN 53.16–53.27 libation, drink offering, i.e., an offering of a valuable or sacred liquid to a deity (2Ki 16:13)

5822 II. נֶסֶךְ (ně·sěḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5262; TWOT 1375a—LN 6.96–6.101 molten idol, metal image, i.e., a metal representation of a pagan god (Isa 41:29; 48:5; Jer 10:14; 51:17+)

נֵסֶךְ (nē·sěḵ): Ex 29:40—see 5821

נִסְמָן (nis·mān): see 6168 (nif ptcp.) (Isa 28:25+)

נסס (nss) KB, Lisowsky: see 5823, 5824

נסס (nss)[1] Holladay: see 5823

נסס (nss)[2] Holladay: see 5824

5823 I. נָסַס (nā·sǎs): v.; ≡ Str 5263; TWOT 1378—LN 15.118–15.122 (qal act. ptcp.) faltering, stumbling, tottering, i.e., pertaining to one who is unstable or unsteady in movement, apparently as a manifestation of one in ill health (Isa 10:18+), note: NIV, “sick man.”

5824 II. נָסַס (nā·sǎs): v.; ≡ Str 5264; TWOT 1379—1. LN 55.2–55.6 (hitpolel) unfurl, raise, i.e., display a banner as the beginning of a military action to begin a fight or attack (Ps 60:6[EB 4]+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 15.34–15.74 (hitpolel) flee, run away, i.e., depart an area in a hurry, the verb stem suggesting a zig-zag motion so as not to be hit by an arrow (Ps 60:6[EB 4]+); 3. LN 79.24–79.25 (hitpolel) sparkle, glitter, twinkle, i.e., the interaction of light on an object which fascinates and enthralls (Zec 9:16+), note: see also 5674

נסע (nsʿ): see 5825

5825 נָסַע (nā·sǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 5265; TWOT 1380—1. LN 15.18–15.26 (qal) set out, move on, leave, travel on, i.e., make linear movement toward a destination, usually in stages, as an extension of pulling up tent stakes (Ex 16:1); 2. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) tear loose, i.e., make a tearing motion of physical impact (Jdg 16:3); 3. LN 15.212–15.214 (nif) pulled up, i.e., pertaining to a dragging motion requiring force (Job 4:21; Isa 38:12+); 4. LN 15.165–15.186 (hif) lead, guide, bring out, take, i.e., initiate progress from an object to make linear movement (Ex 15:22; 1Ki 5:31[EB 17]; 2Ki 4:4; Ps 78:26, 52; 80:9[EB 8]; Ecc 10:9+); 5. LN 13.69–13.103 (hif) cause to no longer exist, i.e., have a hope no longer exist, as an extension of removing an object from a place (Job 19:10+)

נסק (nsq): see 6158

5826 נָסַק (nā·sǎq): v.; ≡ Str 5266; TWOT 1511—see 6158 (Ps 139:8+)

5827 נִסְרֹךְ (nis·rōḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5268; TWOT 1382—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Nisroch: pagan god worshiped by Sennacherib, king of Assyria (2Ki 19:37; Isa 37:38+)

5828 נֵעָה (nē·ʿā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5269;—LN 93-place (loc.) Neah: N border town of Zebulun (Jos 19:13+)

5829 נֹעָה (nō·ʿā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5270;—LN 93-pers. (female) Noah: daughter of Zelophehad (Nu 26:33; 27:1; 36:11; Jos 17:3+)

נַעֲוַת (nǎ·ʿǎwǎṯ): see 6390 (1Sa 30:20+)

5830 נְעוּרִים (neʿû·rîm): n.[masc.] [oth n.fem.]; ≡ Str 5271; TWOT 1389d, 1389e—LN 67.142–67.162 childhood, youth, i.e., an indefinite period of time in a life when one is young; either boy or girl (Ge 46:4; Lev 22:13)

5831 נְעוּרוֹת (neʿû·rôṯ): n.[fem.] pl.; ≡ Str 5271; TWOT 1389d—LN 67.142–67.162 childhood, youth, i.e., an indefinite period of time in a life when one is young; either boy or girl (Jer 32:30+)

5832 נְעִיאֵל (neʿî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5272;—LN 93-place (loc.) Neiel: border town between Asher and Zebulun (Jos 19:27+)

5833 I. נָעִים (nā·ʿîm): adj. [see also 5833.5]; ≡ Str 5273; TWOT 1384b, 1385a—1. LN 25.85–25.98 pleasant, i.e., pertaining to being acceptable and favorable (2Sa 1:23; Ps 133:1; 135:3; 147:1; Pr 22:18; SS 1:16+), note: for another interp in 2Sa 23:1; Ps 81:3, see 5833; 2. LN 79.9–79.17 beautiful, i.e., pertaining to the lovely and attractive appearance of an object (Pr 24:4+); 3. LN 33.365–33.367 unit: דָּבָר נָעִים (dā·ḇār nā·ʿîm)1 compliments, formally, pleasant words, i.e., what is spoken as praise or flattery (Pr 23:8)

נָעִים (nā·ʿîm): n.masc. and n.fem. [see also 5833]; ≡ Str 5273; TWOT 1384b—1. LN 1.95–1.98 pleasant place, i.e., a good and acceptable land which has been marked out (Ps 16:6+); 2. LN 25.85–25.98 pleasures, i.e., things that are acceptable and favorable (Ps 16:11+); 3. LN 25.80–25.84 contentment, i.e., satisfaction with the circumstance in one’s life (Job 36:11+)

5834 II. נָעִים (nā·ʿîm): adj. [see also 5834.5]; ≡ Str 5273; TWOT 1384b—LN 14.74–14.86 melodious, sweetly sounding, musical, i.e., pertaining to a musical sound with a special focus on the pleasantness of the sound made (Ps 81:3[EB 2]+), for another interp, see 5833

נָעִים (nā·ʿîm): n.masc. [see also 5834]; ≡ Str 5273; TWOT 1384b—LN 33.109–33.116 singer, i.e., one who makes music with the voice (2Sa 23:1+)

נעל (nʿl) KB, Lisowsky: see 5835

5835 I. נָעַל (nā·ʿǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5274; TWOT 1383, 1383b—LN 79.110–79.113 (qal) lock up, bolt, i.e., seal or isolate an area with a door or gate with a lock or bolt (Jdg 3:23; 2Sa 13:17, 18+); (qal pass.) be locked up, be sealed (Jdg 3:24; SS 4:12+)

5836 II. נָעַל (nā·ʿǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5274; TWOT 1383—LN 49 (qal impf.) put on a sandal, i.e., place or provide clothing on another (Eze 16:10+); (hif impf.) provide with sandals (2Ch 28:15+)

5837 נַעַל (nǎ·ʿǎl): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5275; TWOT 1383a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 sandal, shoe, i.e., a covering protection for the foot, with a leather or wood sole and often fastened by thongs and loops or straps (Ge 14:23; Ex 3:5; 12:11; Dt 25:9; 29:4[EB 5]; Jos 5:15; 9:5, 13; Ru 4:7, 8; 1Ki 2:5; Ps 60:10[EB 8]; 108:10[EB 9]; SS 7:2[EB 1]; Isa 5:27; 11:15; 20:2; Eze 24:17, 23; Am 2:6; 8:6+); 2. LN 11.12–11.54 unit: בַּיִת חָלַץ הַ־ נַעַל (bǎ·yiṯ ḥā·lǎṣ hǎ- nǎ·ʿǎl) Family of the Unsandalled, i.e., one bare-footed as a sign of misery or disgrace, as a family group in Israel (Dt 25:10+)

נעם (nʿm): see 5838

5838 נָעֵם (nā·ʿēm): v.; ≡ Str 5276; TWOT 1384—1. LN 25.102–25.115 (qal) be pleasant, i.e., be in an enjoyable state (Ge 49:15; Ps 141:6; Pr 2:10; 9:17; 24:25; SS 7:7[EB 6]+); 2. LN 25.33–25.58 (qal) be dear, be loved, i.e., be in a state in which one loves or has fond affection for an object (2Sa 1:26; Eze 32:19+)

5839 נַעַם (nǎ·ʿǎm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5277;—LN 93-pers. (male) Naam: of Judah, son of Caleb (1Ch 4:15+)

5840 נֹעַם (nō·ʿǎm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5278; TWOT 1384a—1. LN 25.85–25.98 pleasantness, i.e., the concept of that which is acceptable and favorable to one (Ps 90:17; Pr 3:17; 15:26; 16:24; Zec 11:7, 10+); 2. LN 79.18–79.23 beauty, glory, i.e., that which has splendorous appearance, and so a pleasant appearance (Ps 27:4+)

5841 I. נַעֲמָה (nǎ·ʿǎmā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5279;—LN 93-pers. (female) Naamah: 1. of Cain, son of Lamech-Zillah (Ge 4:22+) 2. Ammonite mother of King Rehoboam and wife of Solomon, (1Ki 14:21, 31; 2Ch 12:13+)

5842 II. נַעֲמָה (nǎ·ʿǎmā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5279;—LN 93-place (loc.) Naamah: town in the western foothills of Judah (Jos 15:41+)

5843 נָעֳמִי (nā·ʿǒmî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5281;—LN 93-pers. (female) Naomi: wife of Elimelech and mother-in-law of Ruth (Ru 1:2–4:17 passim+), see also 5259

5844 נַעֲמִי (nǎ·ʿǎmî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5280;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Naamite: pertaining to Naaman, see also 5845(2.)

5845 נַעֲמָן (nǎ·ʿǎmān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5283;—LN 93-pers. (male) Naaman: 1. son of Benjamin (Ge 46:21+) 2. grandson of Benjamin (Nu 26:40+) 3. of Benjamin, descendant of Bela (1Ch 8:4, 7+) 4. Syrian officer cured of leprosy (2Ki 5:1–27 passim+), see also DBLGrk 3722, see also 5844

5846 נַעֲמָנִים (nǎ·ʿǎmā·nîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5282; TWOT 1384c—LN 12.23 the Beloved, formally, Pleasantness, i.e., a pagan god (Isa 17:10+); (NAB) “pagan plants”; note: usually thought to be a fertility deity, possibly Adonis, see NJB ftn, NEB, REB; note: most versions translate as “pleasant, fine, delightful,” see 5840

5847 נַעֲמָתִי (nǎ·ʿǎmā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5284;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Naamathite: pertaining to the area of Naamah in NW Arabia (Job 2:11; 11:1; 20:1; 42:9+)

5848 נַעֲצוּץ (nǎ·ʿǎṣûṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5285; TWOT 1386a—LN 3.13–3.32 thornbush, i.e., a bush or shrub with thorns, some identify here as camel-thorn Alhagi camelorum, also called Christ’s thorn Zizyphus spina Christi (Isa 7:19; 55:13+)

I. נער (nʿr): see 5849

נער (nʿr)[2] KB, Lisowsky: see 5850, 5851

נער (nʿr)[3] Holladay: see 5851

5849 I. נָעַר (nā·ʿǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5286; TWOT 1387—LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) growl, snarl, i.e., the sound of a lion (Jer 51:38+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

5850 II. נָעַר (nā·ʿǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5287; TWOT 1388—1. LN 16 (qal) shake off, make movement which result in an object not adhering to another object, so implying what is shaken out can depart to another area (Ne 5:13a; Isa 33:9+), note: this can refer to some degree of harm; (qal pass.) be shaken out (Ne 5:13b+); (nif) shaken off, shake oneself free (Jdg 16:20; Job 38:13; Ps 109:23+); (piel) shake off, sweep away (Ex 14:27; Ne 5:13b; Ps 136:15+); (hitp) shake oneself free (Isa 52:2+); 2. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) keep from, stop, formally, shake off, i.e., not allowing something to happen, as a figurative extension of shaking an object out of one’s hand (Isa 33:15+), note: for another interp in Isa 33:9, see 5851

5851 III. נָעַר (nā·ʿǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5287; TWOT 1388—LN 79.78–79.83 (qal) wither, dry out, i.e., have the moisture leave a plant or part of a plant and so die and shrivel (Isa 33:9+), note: for another interp, see 5850

5852 I. נַעַר (nǎ·ʿǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5289; TWOT 1388a—LN 15.135–15.140 scattered sheep, i.e., animals normally in a flock that are straying and lost, in potential danger (Zec 11:16+), for another interp, see 5851, note: 1 & 2 are switched in Lisowsky

5853 II. נַעַר (nǎ·ʿǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5288; TWOT 1389a—1. LN 9.41–9.45 boy, male child, i.e., a child of any age from infancy, through weaning, to late adolescence (Ex 2:6; 1Sa 1:24; 2Ki 2:23); 2. LN 9.24–9.33 teenager, young man, i.e., older adolescent (Ge 37:2); 3. LN 35.19–35.30 servant, attendant, steward, i.e., one who serves and helps an owner or employer, possibly of a lower social status (Nu 22:22), note: Zec 11:16, for another interp, see 5852

5854 נֹעַר (nō·ʿǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5290; TWOT 1389b—LN 67.142–67.162 youth, i.e., an indefinite period of time in a life when one is young (Job 33:25; 36:14; Ps 88:16[EB 15]; Pr 29:21+)

5855 I. נַעֲרָה (nǎ·ʿǎrā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5291; TWOT 1389c—1. LN 9.41–9.45 girl, female child, i.e., a child of any age from infancy to early adulthood (2Ki 5:2); 2. LN 9.34–9.40 young woman, i.e., an older adolescent female of marriageable age (1Ki 1:2); 3. LN 35.19–35.30 maidservant, female attendant, i.e., one who serves and helps an owner or employer, possibly of a lower social status (1Sa 25:42; Pr 31:15)

5856 II. נַעֲרָה (nǎ·ʿǎrā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5292;—LN 93-pers. (female) Naarah: of Judah, a wife of Ashhur (1Ch 4:5, 6+)

5857 III. נַעֲרָה (nǎ·ʿǎrā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5292;—LN 93-place (loc.) Naarah: town in Ephraim near Jericho, (Jos 16:7+), see also 5860

5858 נַעֲרַי (nǎ·ʿǎrǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5293;—LN 93-pers. (male) Naarai: great warrior for David (1Ch 11:37+), cf. also 7197

5859 נְעַרְיָה (neʿǎr·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5294;—LN 93-pers. (male) Neariah: 1. of Judah by David in the royal line (1Ch 3:22, 23+) 2. of Simeon (1Ch 4:42+)

נְעֻרִים (neʿǔ·rîm) Holladay: see 5830

5860 נַעֲרָן (nǎ·ʿǎrān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5295;—LN 93-place (loc.) Naaran: town in Ephraim near Jericho, (1Ch 7:28+), see also 5857; note: some see as separate from Naarah

5861 נְעֹרֶת (neʿō·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5296; TWOT 1388b—1. LN 6.197–6.202 tinder, i.e., a very flammable substance used to kindle a fire, in context broken fibers shaken off flax (tow) (Isa 1:31+), see also domain LN 14.63–14.73; 2. LN 6.14–6.22 unit: פָּתִיל הַ־ נְעֹרֶת (pā·ṯîl hǎ- neʿō·rěṯ) piece of string, formally, cord of flax tow (flax fiber), i.e., a flammable cord (Jdg 16:9+)

נַעֲרָתָה (nǎ·ʿǎrā·ṯā(h)): see 5857 (Jos 16:7+)

5862 נֹף (nōp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5297;—LN 93-place (loc.) Memphis: city in Egypt in the W bank of the Nile, S near modern Cairo (Isa 19:13; Jer 2:16; 44:1; 46:14, 19; Eze 30:13, 16+), see also 5132

5863 נֶפֶג (ně·p̄ěḡ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5298;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nepheg: 1. of Levi (Ex 6:21+) 2. son of David (2Sa 5:15; 1Ch 3:7; 14:6+)

נָפָה (nā·p̄ā(h)) KB, Lisowsky: see 5864, 5865

5864 I. נָפָה (nā·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5299; TWOT 1330a, 1331b—1. LN 6.4–6.9 winnowing device, i.e., a sieve-mesh, shovel to throw grain in the air, or some other implement to separate grain from chaff and impurities (Isa 30:28+), note: some sources translate “yoke,” note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.476–33.489 signal, i.e., a waving motion of hands or flags as a non-verbal communication (Isa 30:28+)

5865 II. נָפָה (nā·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5299; TWOT 1331b—LN 1.46–1.50 height, hill, i.e., an elevated land mass (Jos 11:2; 12:23; 1Ki 4:11+), note: many translate as a n.pr., see 5868, 5869

5866 נְפוּסִים (nep̄û·sîm): n.pr. [oth gent.pl.]; ≡ Str 5300;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nephussim: ancestor of returnee temple servants with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:50 Q), see also 5867, note: for K, see 5873

נפושׁסים (npwšsym) BDB: see 5867

5867 נְפוּשְׁסִים (nep̄û·šesîm): n.pr. [oth gent.pl.]; ≡ Str 5300;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nephussim: ancestor of returnee temple servants with Zerubbabel (Ne 7:52 K+), note: for Q, see 5875

5868 נָפוֹת (nā·p̄ôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5316; TWOT 1331c—LN 93-place (loc.) Naphoth: possibly coastal town, N of Caesarea, (Jos 17:11+), note: some translate as a common noun, see 5865; note: for MT text, see 5884

5869 נָפוֹת דֹּאר (nā·p̄ôṯ dō(ʾ)r): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1756, 5299;—LN 93-place (loc.) Naphoth Dor: narrow coastal strip E of Dor between Great Sea and Mt Carmel (Jos 11:2; 12:23; 1Ki 4:11+), note: some translate first part as a common noun, see 5865, see also 1888

נפח (npḥ): see 5870

5870 נָפַח (nā·p̄ǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5301; TWOT 1390—1. LN 23.185–23.187 (qal) blow upon, breathe upon, i.e., cause air to pass. into an area, either by lungs, bellows, or a fan, either gentle or violent (Ge 2:7; Isa 54:16; Eze 22:20, 21; 37:9; Hag 1:9+); (pual) fanned (Job 20:26+); 2. LN 79.70–79.77 (qal pass.) boiling, formally, blown upon, i.e., a mass heated to a high degree as an extension of a fire being blown upon causes a fire hot enough to boil water (Job 41:12[EB 20]; Jer 1:13+); 3. LN 24.71 (hif) sniff out, i.e., use the sense of smell by breathing in an odor (Mal 1:13+), note: apparently this refers to an action showing no commitment to engage in an activity; 4. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: (qal) נָפַח נֶפֶשׁ (nā·p̄ǎḥ ně·p̄ěš) die, formally, breathe out life, i.e., enter into the state of death, as an extension of breathing one’s last breath of air (Jer 15:9+); 5. LN 25.223–25.250 unit: (hif) נֶפֶשׁ (ně·p̄ěš) … נָפַח (nā·p̄ǎḥ) die, formally, cause to pant, i.e., make another to be in a state of anxiety or distress, as an extension of causing a person to exert great energy and so gasp for breath (Job 31:39+), note: see also 7031, 7032

5871 נֹפַח (nō·p̄ǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5302;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nophah: town of Moab (Nu 21:30+)

5872 נְפִילִים (nep̄î·lîm): n.pr. [oth n.masc.pl. ]; ≡ Str 5303; TWOT 1393a—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Nephilim: a renown race of giants (Ge 6:4; Nu 13:33+), note: whether this race was a spirit-human race, or godly-ungodly race is debated among theologians

נפיסים (npysym) BDB: see 5873

5873 נְפִיסִים (nep̄î·sîm): n.pr. [oth gent.pl.]; ≡ Str 5304;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nephisim: ancestor of returnee temple servants with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:50 K) note: see BHS ftn for support for this reading, see 5875

5874 נָפִישׁ (nā·p̄îš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5305;—LN 93-pers. Naphish: 1. (male) son of Ishmael (Ge 25:15; 1Ch 1:31+) 2. (tribe) people of the clan of Naphish (1Ch 5:19+)

5875 נְפִישְׁסִים (nep̄î·šesîm): n.pr. [oth gent.pl.]; ≡ Str 5300;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nephishsim: ancestor of returnee temple servants with Zerubbabel (Ne 7:52 Q+), note: for K, see 5867

5876 נֹפֶךְ (nō·p̄ěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5306; TWOT 1391—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: (NIV, NASB, NKJV, NRSV, Tanakh) turquoise; (KJV, ASV, RSV) emerald; (Lisowsky) malachite?; (NJB, NAB) garnet; (NEB, REB) purple garnet (Ex 28:18; 39:11; Eze 27:16; 28:13+), note: exact identification not certain

נפל (npl): see 5877

5877 נָפַל (nā·p̄ǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5307; TWOT 1392—1. LN 15.118–15.122 (qal) fall, i.e., have an object go from a higher position to a lower position, often with the implication of being out of control in relation to the situation (Lev 11:32; Jdg 7:13); (pilal) fall (Eze 28:23+); (hif) drop, bring down, cause to fall (Nu 35:23); 2. LN 17.26–17.28 (qal) lie, i.e., be in a state of lying down (Jer 9:21[EB 22]); (hif) make lie (Dt 25:2); 3. LN 57.71–57.124 (qal) be allotted, i.e., distribute or divide up land or possessions, as an extension of having a lot fall to the ground after being thrown (Nu 34:2); (hif) allocate (Jos 13:6); 4. LN 23.88–23.128 (qal) die, formally, fall, i.e., be killed, as an extension of the act. of falling down (1Sa 4:10); (hif) die, fall (1Sa 18:25); 5. LN 17.21–17.22 (qal) fall, i.e., be prostrate in worship on the ground (Ge 17:3; Nu 24:4; 1Ki 18:39); (hitp) fall prostrate (Dt 9:18, 25; Ezr 10:1+); 6. LN 13.48–13.68 (qal) fall, i.e., have a change of state (Ge 15:2); (hif) bring on, cause a change of state (Ge 2:21; Pr 19:15); 7. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) fail, i.e., cease, stop, and so not have completion of an event (1Ki 8:56); (hif) neglect (Est 6:10); 8. LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) give birth, formally, fall, i.e., have a female give birth (Isa 26:18); (hif) give birth (Isa 26:19); 9. LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) attack, i.e., make a military offensive move (Jos 11:7); 10. LN 39.52–39.61 (hitp) conquer, formally, fall upon, i.e., attack and overpower an enemy (Ge 43:18+); 11. LN 68.34–68.57 (hif) stop, cease, i.e., cause an event to no longer continue (Jdg 2:19); 12. LN 19.14–19.26 (hif) cut down, i.e., make a tree fall (2Ki 3:19); 13. LN 22.21–22.28 (hif) oppress, formally, cause to fall, i.e., cause trouble and hardship to another (Ps 37:14); 14. LN 15.107–15.117 (qal) lower, i.e., get down off an object under control, as an extension of the act. of falling down (Ge 24:64); 15. LN 20.12–20.30 (qal) be ruined, i.e., be in a state of harm or destruction (Est 6:13); 16. LN 65.1–65.16 (qal) be inferior, i.e., be of low value in the estimation of an evaluator, implying a scorn or contempt for the object (Job 12:3; 13:2); 17. LN 34.40–34.41 (qal) left, desert, i.e., no longer be in an association with another (1Sa 29:3); 18. LN 85.67–85.85 (qal) settle, remain, dwell, i.e., be in a place for an extended period of time (Jdg 7:12); 19. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: (qal) נָפַל פָּנֶה (nā·p̄ǎl pā·ně(h)) downcast appearance, formally, sag, i.e., be in a state of a frowning, angry or disconcerted appearance (Ge 4:5, 6); 20. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: (hif) נָפַל פָּנֶה (nā·p̄ǎl pā·ně(h)) downcast appearance, formally, sag, i.e., be in a state of a frowning, angry or disconcerted appearance (Jer 3:12); 21. LN 25.223–25.250 unit: (qal) נָפַל מְאֹד בְּ־ עַיִן (nā·p̄ǎl meʾōḏ b- ʿǎ·yin)1 lose self-confidence, formally, fall exceedingly in the eyes, i.e., be in a state of worry and anxiety (Ne 6:6+); 22. LN 34.62–34.65 unit: (qal) נָפַל עַל צַוָּאר (nā·p̄ǎl ʿǎl ṣǎw·wā(ʾ)r) throw arms around, formally, fall on the neck, i.e., embrace another with vigor (Ge 46:29); 23. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: (hif) נָפַל יָרֵךְ (nā·p̄ǎl yā·rēḵ) infertile, barren, formally, thigh fall, i.e., have a failure of the reproductive organs (Nu 5:22)

נֶפֶל (ně·p̄ěl) BDB: see 5878

5878 נֵפֶל (nē·p̄ěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5309; TWOT 1392a—LN 23.46–23.60 miscarriage, i.e., the act. of a spontaneous, natural expulsion of a fetus (pre-born child) which is not viable, with a focus on the fetus itself (Job 3:16; Ps 58:9[EB 8]; Ecc 6:3+), note: NIV, “stillborn child”

נִפְלָאוֹת (nip̄·lā·ʾôṯ): n.fem.pl. [oth nif ptcp. fp of 7098]; ≡ Str 5309; TWOT 1392a—LN 25.206–25.222 wonderful deeds, i.e., something which causes a feeling or emotion or wonder (Ex 3:20), note: when a deed done by God this is a supernatural event caused by God

נְפִלִים (nep̄i·lîm): see 5872 (Ge 6:4; Nu 13:33+)

נפץ (npṣ) KB, Lisowsky: see 5879, 5880

נפץ (npṣ)[1] Holladay: see 5879

נפץ (npṣ)[2] Holladay: see 5880

5879 I. נָפַץ (nā·p̄ǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 5310; TWOT 1394—1. LN 19.34–19.42 (qal) shatter, break, make physical impact that breaks a brittle object to pieces, with an associative meaning of destruction (Jdg 7:19+), note: some parse Jer 22:28 as 7046; (piel) shatter (Ps 2:9; 137:9; Jer 13:14; 48:12; 51:20, 21,22,23+); (pual) shattered, crushed (Isa 27:9+); 2. LN 63.28–63.31 (piel) separate, divide, i.e., unbind a collection of objects (1Ki 5:23[EB 9]+); 3. LN 39.52–39.61 (piel) defeat, i.e., conquer a group or nation (Da 12:7+)

5880 II. נָפַץ (nā·p̄ǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 5310; TWOT 1394—LN 15.135–15.140 (qal) scatter, i.e., cause a gathering of objects to disperse in linear movement (Ge 9:19; 1Sa 13:11; Isa 33:3+)

5881 נֶפֶץ (ně·p̄ěṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5311; TWOT 1394a—LN 14.10–14.14 cloudburst, i.e., a driving storm of pelting rain, possibly destructive in nature (Isa 30:30+)

נפשׁ (npš): see 5882

5882 נָפַשׁ (nā·p̄ǎš): v.; ≡ Str 5314; TWOT 1395—LN 23.78–23.87 (nif) rest, be refreshed, i.e., to cease from an activity, resulting in rest and refreshment from a weary state (Ex 23:12; 31:17; 2Sa 16:14+)

5883 נֶפֶשׁ (ně·p̄ěš): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5315; TWOT 1395a—1. LN 4 creature, being, i.e., an animal of any kind, as a living thing in creation (Ge 1:20); 2. LN 26 heart, the inner self, i.e., the essence of life, including thinking, feeling, willing, desiring (Ge 34:3); 3. LN 23.88–23.128 life, i.e., that animate part of a person existing until the state of death (1Sa 19:11); 4. LN 9.1–9.23 person, i.e., a human being as a living person (Ex 16:16); 5. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: מַפָּח נֶפֶשׁ (mǎp·pāḥ ně·p̄ěš) dying, formally, exhaling gasp of the soul, i.e., the very beginning of the state of no longer being alive (Job 11:20+); 6. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: יָצָא נֶפֶשׁ (yā·ṣā(ʾ) ně·p̄ěš) dying, formally, going out of the soul, i.e., the very beginning of the state of no longer being alive (Ge 35:18); 7. LN 25.12–25.32 unit: לְ־ נֶפֶשׁ ־ָה (l- ně·p̄ěš ā-(h)) wish, desire, formally, according to her soul, i.e., to want or desire to do something (Dt 21:14); 8. LN 30.53–30.55 unit: נָשָׂא אֵת נֶפֶשׁ (nā·śā(ʾ) ʾēṯ ně·p̄ěš) expect, anticipate, formally, lift up the soul (to), i.e., to expect something in the future to happen (Dt 24:15); 9. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: נֶפֶשׁ לָקַח (ně·p̄ěš lā·qǎḥ) kill, formally, take the soul (1Ki 19:14); 10. LN 5.1–5.22 unit: נָשָׂא נֶפֶשׁ (nā·śā(ʾ) ně·p̄ěš) live on, feed on, formally, lift up the soul, i.e., to eat food as a staple (Hos 4:8); 11. LN 25.12–25.32 unit: שָׁאַל אֵת נֶפֶשׁ (šā·ʾǎl ʾēṯ ně·p̄ěš) wish, desire, formally, ask the soul, i.e., to want or desire to do something (Jnh 4:8); 12. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: בָּקַשׁ נֶפֶשׁ (bā·qǎš ně·p̄ěš) want to kill, formally, seek the soul, (Ps 35:4); 13. LN 57.232–57.248 unit: גָּנַב נֶפֶשׁ (gā·nǎḇ ně·p̄ěš) kidnapping, formally, stealing of a soul, i.e., stealing a person to sell (Dt 24:7); 14. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: מַר נֶפֶשׁ (mǎr ně·p̄ěš) hot-tempered, formally, bitterness of soul, i.e., pertaining to being angry and out of control (Jdg 18:15); 15. LN 25.80–25.84 unit: מַר נֶפֶשׁ (mǎr ně·p̄ěš) discontented, formally, bitterness of soul, i.e., to be in a state that lacks contentment (1Sa 22:2); 16. LN 55.2–55.6 unit: מַר נֶפֶשׁ (mǎr ně·p̄ěš) fierce, formally, bitterness of soul, i.e., pertaining to being a great, destructive warrior (2Sa 17:8); 17. LN 25.270–25.287 unit: מַר נֶפֶשׁ (mǎr ně·p̄ěš) anguish, formally, bitterness of soul, i.e., intense sorrow and emotional pain (2Sa 17:8); 18. LN 30.1–30.38 unit: עֵצָה בְּ־ נֶפֶשׁ (ʿē·ṣā(h) b- ně·p̄ěš) thoughts, formally, counsel of the soul, i.e., process information and give consideration to an idea (Ps 13:3[EB 2]); 19. LN 39.1–39.12 unit: אֹיֵב בְּ־ נֶפֶשׁ (ʾō·yēḇ b- ně·p̄ěš) mortal enemies, formally, enemies of the soul, i.e., those in intense opposition to another (Ps 17:9); 20. LN 25.156–25.166 unit: נֶפֶשׁ עֹז (ně·p̄ěš ʿōz) stouthearted, formally, strong of soul, pertaining to boldness and confidence in a situation (Ps 138:3); 21. LN 88.289–88.318 unit: דָּם נֶפֶשׁ (dām ně·p̄ěš) guilt of murder, formally, blood of the soul, i.e., the moral consequence of a sin (Pr 28:17)

5884 נֶפֶת (ně·p̄ěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5316; TWOT 1331c—LN 1.46–1.50 (NKJV, ASV) hilly country, heights, i.e., an elevated land mass; (NJB) Slopes (Jos 17:11+), note: some versions translate as an administrative district; KJV, “countries;” NEB, REB, “districts;” Tanakh, “regions;” see also domain LN 1.82–1.85; note: NIV, NASB, RSV?, NRSV? translate as n.pr. “Napheth,” see 5868

5885 נֹפֶת (nō·p̄ěṯ): n.fem. [BDB: n.masc. Pr 24:13]; ≡ Str 5317; TWOT 1396—1. LN 5.1–5.22 domesticated honey, i.e., honey as a food, processed from the honeycomb (Ps 19:11[EB 10]; Pr 24:13; 27:7; SS 4:11+); 2. LN 33.365–33.367 flattering speech, formally, honey, i.e., words that give enticement (Pr 5:3+)

5886 נֶפְתּוֹחַ (něp̄·tôaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5318;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nephtoah: water spring bordering Judah and Benjamin (Jos 15:9; 18:15+)

5887 נַפְתּוּלִים (nǎp̄·tû·lîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5319; TWOT 1857c—LN 39.1–39.12 struggles, verbal wrestlings, i.e., a state of social or mental hostility and strife and so oppose another for a position of favor (Ge 30:8+)

5888 נַפְתֻּחִים (nǎp̄·tǔ·ḥîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5320;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Naphtuhite: of Ham, a people of Egypt (Ge 10:13; 1Ch 1:11+)

5889 נַפְתָּלִי (nǎp̄·tā·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5321;—LN 93-pers. Naphtali: 1. (male) son of Jacob-Bilhah (Ge 30:8) 2. (tribe) people of the clan of Naphtali (Nu 1:43)

נַפְתָּלִי (nǎp̄·tā·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5321;—LN 93-place (loc.) Naphtali: territory W and NW of Lake Galilee (Dt 34:2; 2Ki 15:29; Isa 8:23; Eze 48:4)

5890 I. נֵץ (nēṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5322; TWOT 1405b, 1406a—1. LN 3.47–3.59 blossom, i.e., the flower of a fruit bearing plant, marking the beginning of the growing season (SS 2:12+), note: Lisowsky switches 1 & 2; see also 5900 or 5912; 2. LN 23.188–23.196 unit: עָלָה נֵץ (ʿā·lā(h) nēṣ)1 blossom, formally, have blossom go up, i.e., grow a flower as a part of the growing process just prior to the budding of the fruit (Ge 40:10+)

5891 II. נֵץ (nēṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5322; TWOT 1405b—LN 4.38–4.46 bird of prey, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature, a bird of prey; a kind of hawk or falcon (Lev 11:16; Dt 14:15; Job 39:26+)

נצא (nṣʾ): see 5892

5892 נָצָא (nā·ṣā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 5323; TWOT 1397—LN 15.245 (qal) fly, i.e., a linear motion, through use of wings (Jer 48:9+), see also 5899; note: for another interp, see 5898; note: this interp requires the meaning of 7490 as wings

נָצֹא (nā·ṣō(ʾ)) Holladay: see 5898 (Jer 48:9+)

נצב (nṣb) KB, Lisowsky: see 5893, 5894

נצב (nṣb)[1] Holladay: see 5893

נצב (nṣb)[2] Holladay: see 5894

5893 I. נָצַב (nā·ṣǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 5324; TWOT 1398—1. LN 17.1–17.11 (nif) stand, i.e., be in a standing position (Ge 18:2), note: this position can mean to attend to a superior, or in an opposite meaning be prominent, or even a position of action and life; context will determine any associative meanings; note: for nif ptcp. as a noun which may have overlap of verses and entries, see 5895; 2. LN 79.7–79.8 (nif) solid, rigid, formally, standing, i.e., pertaining to a firm or solid feature of an object, as a figurative extension of standing as a rigid position (Ex 15:8); (hif) make solid (Ps 78:13); 3. LN 23.129–23.141 (nif) healthy, formally, standing, i.e., pertaining to being in a healthy condition, as an extension of a standing position in contrast to lying down as a sick person would (Zec 11:16), note: for another interp, see 5894; 4. LN 67.118–67.135 (nif) wait, formally, stand, i.e., extend a period of time, implying anticipation of an event (Ex 5:20); 5. LN 35.36–35.46 (nif) attend, care for, formally, stand, i.e., serve another as an extension of being in a standing position, a position of action (1Sa 4:20); 6. LN 33.333–33.342 (hif) establish, i.e., have an official, binding proclamation made, implying authority (1Ch 18:3; Ps 74:17); (hof) be decreed (Na 2:8[EB 7]+); 7. LN 85.32–85.54 (hif) set, place, pile, construct, i.e., have an object placed in a position (Ge 21:28; 2Ki 17:10); (nif) established (Ps 119:89); (hof) rest, be set up (Ge 28:12+)

5894 II. נָצַב (nā·ṣǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 5324; TWOT 1398—LN 23.142–23.184 (nif) wretched, exhausted, formally, swollen, i.e., pertaining to an unhealthy state (Zec 11:6+), note: for another interp, see 5893; note: context prefers this meaning, and has etymological support

5895 I. נִצָּב (niṣ·ṣāḇ): n.masc. [oth nif ptcp.masc.sing. of 5893]; ≡ Str 5324; TWOT 1398—1. LN 37.48–37.95 officers, governor, political deputy, i.e., one in a position of authority, with a focus on the appointment of that person to a position (Ru 2:5, 6; 1Sa 19:20; 1Ki 4:5, 7; 5:7[EB 4:27]; 5:30[EB 5:15]; 9:23; 22:48[EB 47]; 2Ch 8:10), note: Lisowsky switches 1 & 2; 2. LN 35.19–35.30 attendant, servant, i.e., one who attends to the needs of a superior, with a focus on the element of helping or serving, but not necessarily having low status (Ge 45:1; 1Sa 22:17)

5896 II. נִצָּב (niṣ·ṣāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5325; TWOT 1398a—LN 6.29–6.40 handle, hilt, i.e., the part of a sword, dagger, or knife that is grasped and held by the hand (Jdg 3:22+)

נְצִבֵי (neṣi·ḇê): see 5907 (1Sa 10:5)

נצג (nṣg) Holladay: see 3657

נצה (nṣh) KB: see 5897, 5898, 5899

נצה (nṣh)[1] Lisowsky: see 5899 HO see 5897

נצה (nṣh)[2] Lisowsky: see 5897 HO see 5898

5897 I. נָצָה (nā·ṣā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5327; TWOT 1399, 1400, 1401—1. LN 20.1–20.11 (nif) fight, i.e., be in a state of hostility and quarreling that can come to physical blows and struggle (Ex 2:13; 21:22; Lev 24:10; Dt 25:11; 2Sa 14:6+), see also domain LN 39.1–39.12; 2. LN 39.34–39.41 (hif) rebel, engage in a struggle which is in open defiance to an authority (Nu 26:9+); 3. LN 55.2–55.6 (hif) fight, i.e., engage in a military struggle (Ps 60:2[EB title]+)

5898 II. נָצָה (nā·ṣā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5327; TWOT 1399—LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) lie in ruins, be laid waste, i.e., be in a state of destruction (Jer 9:9[EB 10]; 48:9+); (nif) be laid waste, be desolate (2Ki 19:25; Isa 37:26; Jer 4:7; 9:11[EB 12]; 46:19+), note: some parse Jer 9:9; 48:9 as 5892

5899 III. נָצָה (nā·ṣā(h)): v.—see 5892 or 5680 [BDB] (qal) (La 4:15+)

5900 נִצָּה (niṣ·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5328; TWOT 1405c—LN 3.47–3.59 blossom, i.e., the flower of a fruit-bearing plant, marking the beginning of the growing season (Job 15:33; Isa 18:5+), see also 5890

נֹצָה (nō·ṣā(h)) Lisowsky: see 5681 (Job 39:13+)

5901 I. נֹצָה (nō·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5133; TWOT 1399a—LN 8.70–8.77 contents of a bird’s crop, formally, filth or dung, i.e., that which resides in the gullet of a bird to aid food digestion in the alimentary canal (Lev 1:16+), note: the contents not strictly a product of the bird’sing. body by today’sing. understanding

5902 II. נֹצָה (nō·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5133; TWOT 1399a—LN 4.38–4.46 falcon, i.e., a bird of prey (Job 39:13+), note: for another interp, see 5681

5903 נְצוּרִים (neṣû·rîm): n.masc.pl. [oth qal pass.ptcp.masc.p. of 5915]; ≡ Str 5341; TWOT 1407—LN 1.51–1.59 secret places, caves, i.e., a place below ground, with a focus on the hidden, mysterious nature of the place (Isa 65:4+), note: with the focus as a dwelling place, see also domain LN 85.67–85.85, note: some translate “watch-huts.”

נצח (nṣḥ): see 5904

5904 נָצַח (nā·ṣǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5329; TWOT 1402—1. LN 37.48–37.95 (piel) direct, supervise, lead, i.e., lead or rule a group in any of several different endeavors or tasks (Ezr 3:8, 9; 1Ch 15:21; 23:4; 2Ch 2:1[EB 2],17[EB 18]; 34:12+), note: for the noun, see 4983.5; 2. LN 67.78–67.117 (nif) enduring, lasting, always, i.e., pertaining to a period of time, either continuous or episodic (Jer 8:5+)

5905 I. נֵצַח (nē·ṣǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5331; TWOT 1402a—1. LN 87.19–87.57 glory, majesty, splendor, i.e., that which is prominent and eminent and of high status (1Ch 29:11); 2. LN 67.95 forever, unending, everlasting, always, i.e., an unlimited duration of time, implying permanency (2Sa 2:26); 3. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: נֵצַח יִשְׂרָאֵל (nē·ṣǎḥ yiś·rā·ʾēl) Glory of Israel, i.e., a title of a supernatural being (1Sa 15:29)

5906 II. נֵצַח (nē·ṣǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5332; TWOT 1403a—LN 8.9–8.69 blood, i.e., the deep-red fluid of the body which is the essence of life, as the figurative extension of grape juice (Isa 63:3, 6+)

5907 I. נְצִיב (neṣîḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5333; TWOT 1398b—1. LN 55.7–55.13 garrison, outpost, i.e., a military camp or town guarding the exterior limit of an area or region, as part of a larger military force (1Sa 10:5; 13:3, 4; 2Sa 8:6, 14; 1Ch 11:16; 18:13; 2Ch 17:2+); 2. LN 1.46–1.50 pillar, column, i.e., formation of earth that resembles a post, in a vertical position (Ge 19:26+), note: it is not clear what this refers to, a natural formation existing today, or a supernatural transformation, or an appearance of a human body covered with sulphur and minerals; 3. LN 37.48–37.95 governor, official, i.e., one ruling a governmental district of a kingdom (1Ki 4:19; 2Ch 8:10 K+)

5908 II. נְצִיב (neṣîḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5334;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nezib: town in the western foothills of Judah, (Jos 15:43+)

5909 נְצִיחַ (neṣîaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5335;—LN 93-pers. (male) Neziah: ancestor of returnee temple servants from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:54; Ne 7:56+)

נציר (nṣyr) BDB: see 5910

5910 נָצִיר (nā·ṣîr): adj.; ≡ Str 5336; TWOT 1407a—LN 13.1–13.47 preserved, i.e., pertaining to keeping something safe for a later time, and so cause to continue (Isa 49:6 K+), note: for Q, see 5915 qal pass.

נצל (nṣl): see 5911

5911 נָצַל (nā·ṣǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5337; TWOT 1404—1. LN 21.14–21.16 (nif) saved, delivered, be spared, i.e., pertaining to being safe from danger, and so be in a more favorable circumstance (Ge 32:31[EB 30]; Dt 23:16[EB 15]; 2Ki 19:11; Ps 33:16; 69:15[EB 14]; Pr 6:3, 5; Isa 20:6; 37:11; Jer 7:10; Eze 14:16, 18; Am 3:12; Mic 4:10; Hab 2:9+); 2. LN 21.17–21.24 (hif) deliver, save, rescue, defend, ease, i.e., cause one to be safe and out of danger (Ex 18:10); (piel) save (Eze 14:14+); 3. LN 21.25–21.32 (hif) save, i.e., cause deliverance from a state of a strained or lacking relationship to deity, as an extension of deliverance from a physical danger (Ps 39:9[EB 8]; Ps 51:16[EB 14]; Pr 2:12; Isa 44:17; Eze 3:19); 4. LN 57.232–57.248 (piel) plunder, take away, i.e., take objects by force as spoils in a victory(Ex 3:22; 12:36; 2Ch 20:25+); (hif) retake plunder (1Sa 30:18); 5. LN 18.1–18.11 (hif) snatch, i.e., have an object grasped in the hand, implying control over (Jdg 6:9); (hof) snatched (Am 4:11; Zec 3:2+); 6. LN 49 (hitp) strip off oneself, i.e., remove objects of adornment or clothing (Ex 33:6+)

נִצָּן (niṣ·ṣān) BDB: see 5912

5912 נִצָּנִים (niṣ·ṣā·nîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 5339; TWOT 1405d—see 5890, 5900 an alternate lex form (SS 2:12+)

נצע (nṣʿ) Holladay: see 3667

נצץ (nṣṣ): see 5913, 5914

5913 I. נָצַץ (nā·ṣǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 5340; TWOT 1405—LN 79.24–79.25 (qal ptcp.) gleam, sparkle, i.e., pertaining to the shining appearance of an object, implying beauty (Eze 1:7+)

5914 II. נָצַץ (nā·ṣǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 5006, 5132; TWOT 1405e—LN 23.188–23.196 (hif) blossom, be in bloom, i.e., the natural growing process of a tree flowering just prior to the budding of fruit nodules (Ecc 12:5; SS 6:11; 7:13[EB 12]+)

נצר (nṣr): see 5915

5915 נָצַר (nā·ṣǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5341; TWOT 1407—1. LN 21.17–21.24 (qal) preserve, keep, maintain, protect, i.e., cause to be safe from danger, implying a relationship with the protector (Ps 40:12[EB 11]), see also domain LN 35.36–35.46; 2. LN 21.14–21.16 (qal pass.) spared, kept safe, i.e., pertaining to being free from danger, as an extension of keeping a valuable hidden (Isa 49:6; Eze 6:12+); 3. LN 36.12–36.30 (qal) keep, observe, comply, i.e., obey a command (Ps 78:7); 4. LN 28.68–28.83 (qal pass.) secret, be hidden, i.e., pertaining to things not readily known (Isa 48:6; 65:4+); 5. LN 88.105–88.125 (qal pass.) be crafty, i.e., pertaining to being evil and damaging, with a focus that the actions are secretive or underhanded (Pr 7:10+), note: for MT text at Jer 4:16, see 7443; for parsing as a n.masc.pl. in Isa 65:4, see 5903; Isa 49:6 K, see 5910; note: further study may yield more domains

5916 נֵצֶר (nē·ṣěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5342; TWOT 1408a—1. LN 3.47–3.59 branch, bough, i.e., a secondary extension from the trunk of a tree, which can be broken off as a stick (Isa 14:19+); 2. LN 3.47–3.59 shoot, scion, i.e., the shoot, slip, or twig for planting, which may rise from root-stock or a stump, implying a plant of the same kind of the next generation (Isa 11:1; 60:21+); 3. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: נֵצֶר שֹׁרֶשׁ (nē·ṣěr šō·rěš) family line, formally, a shoot from the root, i.e., persons of successive generations related by birth (Da 11:7+)

5917 נִצְּרָה (niṣ·ṣerā(h)): n.fem. [oth qal imv. of 5915]; ≡ Str 5341; TWOT 1407—LN 37.119–37.126 watching, guarding, i.e., the keeping of something in custody, implying a positive protection from outside enemies (Ps 141:3+)

נֹצָתָהּ (nō·ṣā·ṯāh): see 5901 + 2023

נקב (nqb) Holladay, Lisowsky: see 5918, 5919

נקב (nqb)[1] KB: see 5918, 5919

5918 I. נָקַב (nā·qǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 5344; TWOT 1409—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) bore, i.e., pierce an object and create relatively large opening (2Ki 12:10[EB 9]; 18:21; Job 40:24, 26[EB 41:2]; Isa 36:6; Hab 3:14+); (qal pass.) have a hole (Hag 1:6+); 2. LN 33.126–33.133 (qal) name, designate, bestow, i.e., call out a designation giving correspondency between a name and a person or circumstance (Ge 30:28; Isa 62:2+); (qal pass.) be notable (Am 6:1+); (nif) be designated, be registered (Nu 1:17; 1Ch 12:32[EB 31]; 16:41; 2Ch 28:15; 31:19; Ezr 8:20+), note: see also 5919

5919 II. נָקַב (nā·qǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 5344; TWOT 1409—LN 33.387–33.403 (qal) blaspheme, i.e., speak ill of another with slander and insults, with a focus on designating or marking one’s reputation and so doing harm to it (Lev 24:11, 16+), note: see also 5918

5920 I. נֶקֶב (ně·qěḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5345; TWOT 1409a—1. LN 6.14–6.22 mounting, setting, i.e., the frame or bed in which a gem is set (Eze 28:13+), note: so similarly, (NASB) socket; (RSV, NRSV) engraving, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.188–6.196 ornament, i.e., a pendant or some kind of adornment with gems in it (Eze 28:13+), note: so similarly, (NJB, NEB, REB) spangles; (NAB) jewels; 3. LN 6.83–6.95 (ASV, KJV, NKJV) pipes, i.e., a musical wind-instrument (Eze 28:13+); 4. LN 1.51–1.59 (KB, Holladay, Lisowsky, Tanakh) ore mine, i.e., a tunnel or underground area where gold is extracted (Eze 28:13+), note: “mounting” or “adornment” fit the context best; “ore mine” brings the most contextual confusion

5921 II. נֶקֶב (ně·qěḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5346;—LN 93-place (loc.) Nekeb: part of a compound word part, Adami Nekeb, see also 146

5922 נְקֵבָה (neqē·ḇā(h)): n.fem. [see also 5922.5]; ≡ Str 5347; TWOT 1409b—LN 9.34–9.40 woman, i.e., female of the human species, as a general term for that which is not male (Lev 12:5, 7; 15:33; 27:5, 6, 7; Nu 5:3; 31:15; Jer 31:22+), see also domain LN 79.102–79.103

נְקֵבָה (neqē·ḇā(h)): adj. [served by 5922]; ≡ Str 5347; TWOT 1409b—LN 79.102–79.103 female, i.e., pertaining to the female of any species (Ge 1:27; 5:2; 6:19; 7:3, 9, 16; Lev 3:1, 6; 4:28, 32; 5:6; 27:4; Dt 4:16+), see also domain LN 9.34–9.40

5923 נָקֹד (nā·qōḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 5348; TWOT 1410a—LN 79.26–79.38 speckled, spotted, i.e., pertaining to a variegated color pattern on an animal, either specks or spots of dark on light or vice versa (Ge 30:32,33, 35, 39; 31:8,10, 12+)

5924 נֹקֵד (nō·qēḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5349; TWOT 1411a—LN 44 shepherd, sheep breeder, i.e., one who raises and tends sheep and goats (2Ki 3:4; Am 1:1+)

5925 נְקֻדָּה (neqǔd·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5351; TWOT 1410c—LN 6.188–6.196 ornamental metallic droplets, studs, i.e., small decorative drops of precious metal as an ornamental setting on a pendant or earring (SS 1:11+), note: some translate “glass-beads.”

5926 נִקֻּדִים (niq·qǔ·ḏîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5350; TWOT 1410b—1. LN 5.1–5.22 cake, i.e., biscuit or unleavened food, possibly sweetened (1Ki 14:3+), note: the ety. may suggest this is as a kind of “hard-tack”; 2. LN 5.1–5.22 crumbling bread, i.e., food old and dried to the point of being practically unpalatable (Jos 9:5, 12+), note: NIV, “moldy”

נקה (nqh): see 5927

5927 נָקָה (nā·qā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5352; TWOT 1412—1. LN 38.1–38.13 (qal) go unpunished, be pardoned, i.e., not receive a just punishment, implying pardon or innocence (Jer 49:12a+); (nif) released, go unpunished (Pr 6:29); (piel) leave unpunished (Ex 34:7; Nu 14:18; Job 10:14; Jer 30:11; 46:28; Na 1:3+); 2. LN 88.289–88.318 (nif) innocent, i.e., pertaining to not having guilt, due either to pardon, or lack of sin or wrongdoing (Nu 5:31); (piel) consider innocent, forgive, pardon (Ex 20:7; Dt 5:11; 1Ki 2:9; Job 9:28; Ps 19:13[EB 12]; Joel 4:21[EB 3:21]+); 3. LN 85.67–85.85 (nif) banished, i.e., pertaining to being forced to live in another place, as an extension of emptying a space (Zec 5:3); 4. LN 57.37–57.48 (nif) destitute, formally, emptied, i.e., pertaining to lacking even essential items, as an extension of emptying a space (Isa 3:26)

נָקְטָה (nāq·ṭā(h)) Holladay: see 7752 (Job 10:1+)

5928 נְקוֹדָא (neqô·ḏā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5353;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nekoda: 1. ancestor of temple servant returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:48; Ne 7:50+) 2. ancestor of undocumented returnees with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:60; Ne 7:62+)

5929 נָקִי (nā·qî): adj.; ≡ Str 5355; TWOT 1412a, 1412b—1. LN 88.289–88.318 innocent, i.e., pertaining to one free of blame and not guilty (Ex 23:7), see also 5930; 2. LN 56 free from obligation, i.e., not be held in a legal accusation (Ex 21:28); 3. LN 88.289–88.318 unit: דָּם נָקִי (dām nā·qî) innocent person, formally, blood free of blame, i.e., a person morally pure and guiltless (2Ki 21:16)

5930 נָקִיא (nā·qî(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 5355; TWOT 1412a—LN 88.289–88.318 innocent, i.e., pertaining to one free of blame and not guilty (Joel 4:19[EB 3:19] K; Jnh 1:14 K+), see also 5929

5931 נִקָּיוֹן (niq·qāy·wōn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5356; TWOT 1412c—1. LN 88.24–88.35 innocence, purity, i.e., moral impeccability as a figurative extension of washed hands with no dirt on them (Ge 20:5; Ps 26:6; 73:13; Hos 8:5+); 2. LN 23.1–23.39 unit: נִקָּיוֹן שֵׁן (niq·qāy·wōn šēn)1 hunger, famine, formally, whiteness of teeth, i.e., a famine or pandemic hunger as a figurative extension of teeth clean and so not having any food on them (Am 4:6+), note: for a cj, see 7734

5932 נָקִיק (nā·qîq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5357; TWOT 1417a—LN 1.51–1.59 crevice, cleft, i.e., a relatively large crack or vertical depression in a rock formation, large enough for an animal or human to hide (Isa 7:19; Jer 13:4; 16:16+)

נְקִיק (neqîq) Lisowsky: see 5932

נקם (nqm): see 5933

5933 נָקַם (nā·qǎm): v.; ≡ Str 5358; TWOT 1413—LN 38.1–38.13 (qal) seek vengeance, avenge, i.e., pay harm with another harm, with a focus on justice and punishment of guilt, real or perceived (Ex 21:20a; Lev 19:18; 26:25; Nu 31:2; Dt 32:43; Jos 10:13; 1Sa 24:13[EB 12]; Ps 99:8; Eze 24:8; 25:12a, 15; Na 1:2+), see also domain LN 39.33; (nif) be avenged, avenge oneself (Ex 21:20b; Jdg 15:7; 16:28; 1Sa 14:24; 18:25; Est 8:13; Isa 1:24; Jer 15:15; 46:10; 50:15; Eze 25:12b, 15+); (piel) avenge (2Ki 9:7; Jer 51:36+); (hitp) take one’s own vengeance (Ps 8:3[EB 2]; 44:17[EB 16]; Jer 5:9, 29; 9:8[EB 9]+); (hof) be avenged (Ge 4:15, 24; Ex 21:21+)

5934 נָקָם (nā·qām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5359; TWOT 1413a—1. LN 38.1–38.13 punish, inflict retribution, i.e., the justified repaying back of a harm (Lev 26:25); 2. LN 39.33 vengeance, revenge, i.e., to repay harm with more harm, and so be in a hostile state, implying the first harm was uncalled for (Eze 25:15)

5935 נְקָמָה (neqā·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5360; TWOT 1413b—1. LN 38.1–38.13 punish, inflict retribution, i.e., the justified repaying back of a harm (Ps 79:10); 2. LN 39.33 vengeance, revenge, i.e., to repay harm with more harm, implying the first harm was uncalled for (Eze 25:15); 3. LN 38.1–38.13 unit: עָשָׂה (ʿā·śā(h)) … נְקָמָה (neqā·mā(h)) take revenge, avenge, formally, make retribution, i.e., the justified act. of paying back for a wrong incurred (Jdg 11:36); 4. LN 38.1–38.13 unit: נָתַן (nā·ṯǎn) … נְקָמָה (neqā·mā(h)) take revenge, avenge, formally, give retribution, i.e., the justified act. of paying back for a wrong incurred (2Sa 4:8); 5. LN 38.1–38.13 unit: לָקַח (lā·qǎḥ) … נְקָמָה (neqā·mā(h)) take revenge, avenge, formally, take retribution, i.e., the justified act. of paying back for a wrong incurred (Jer 20:10)

נקע (nqʿ): see 5936

5936 נָקַע (nā·qǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 5361; TWOT 1414—LN 25.179–25.185 (qal pf. 3fs.) become disgusted, i.e., be or become offended at a person or situation and subsequently take action at severing the relationship (Eze 23:18, 22, 28+) note: NIV “turn away in disgust,” see also domain LN 34.40–34.41

I. נקף (nqp): see 5937

II. נקף (nqp): see 5938

5937 I. נָקַף (nā·qǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5362; TWOT 1415, 1416—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (piel) cut down, i.e., use physical impact to cut an extension from a source (Isa 10:34+); 2. LN 23.205 (piel) destroyed, i.e., have physical mass rot or decay, with a focus on its destruction, as a figurative extension of peeling the skin off a dead animal (Job 19:26+)

5938 II. נָקַף (nā·qǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5362; TWOT 1415—1. LN 67.163–67.200 (qal) have a cycle, i.e., go through a yearly cycle entirely (Isa 29:1+); 2. LN 67.142–67.162 (hif) have one completed cycle, implying a full amount of an indefinite unit of time (Job 1:5+); 3. LN 79.91–79.94 (hif) round, i.e., cut in a rounded shape (Lev 19:27+); 4. LN 15.146–15.147 (hif) surround, encircle, i.e., make linear motion about a large object or area (Jos 6:3, 11; Ps 48:13[EB 12]+); 5. LN 83.5–83.8 (hif) surround, i.e., pertaining to being in multiple and encircling positions simultaneously (1Ki 7:24; 2Ki 6:14; 11:8; 2Ch 4:3; 23:7; Job 19:6; Ps 17:9; 22:17[EB 16]; Isa 15:8; La 3:5+), note: this can refer to the border or perimeter of area, see also domain LN 80.5–80.7; note: to be surrounded can refer to a threatening position; 6. LN 47.1–47.7 (hif) engulf, i.e., be immersed in a liquid or mass (Ps 88:18[EB 17]+), note: this can refer to a threatening or dangerous situation

5939 נֹקֶף (nō·qěp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5363; TWOT 1415a—LN 19.1–19.13 beating, striking fruit off olive tree in harvest, as a harvest method (Isa 17:6; 24:13+), see also domain LN 43

5940 נִקְפָּה (niq·pā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5364; TWOT 1416a—LN 6.14–6.22 rope, cord, i.e., flexible strands of fiber braided together (Isa 3:24+), note: used here as a prisoner’s rope

נקר (nqr): see 5941

5941 נָקַר (nā·qǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5365; TWOT 1418—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) gouge, peck, poke out, i.e., a piercing motion to take out an eye (1Sa 11:2; Pr 30:17+); (piel) gouge out (Nu 16:14; Jdg 16:21+); 2. LN 19.14–19.26 (pual) be hewn out, i.e., a cutting motion of removing quarry rock (Isa 51:1+); 3. LN 24.77–24.94 unit: לַיְלָה עֶצֶם ־ִי נָקַר (lǎy·lā(h) ʿě·ṣěm i-y nā·qǎr) (piel) be in great pain, formally, night pokes my bones, i.e., be in pain at night to the extent that one cannot sleep (Job 30:17+), see also domain LN 23.66–23.77; note: this may refer to emotional suffering, see also domain LN 25.223–25.250

5942 נְקָרָה (neqā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5366; TWOT 1418a—LN 1.51–1.59 crevice, cleft, i.e., a relatively large crack or vertical depression in a rock formation, large enough for an animal or human to hide, possibly as large as a cavern (Ex 33:22; Isa 2:21+)

נקשׁ (nqš): see 5943

5943 נָקַשׁ (nā·qǎš): v.; ≡ Str 5367; TWOT 1419—1. LN 37.1–37.32 (qal) control, formally, catch, i.e., the domination and power of one person or group over another as a figurative extension of the trapping or ensnaring of an animal, which may include a focus of striking or batting a fowl (Ps 9:17[EB 16]+), for another parsing in NIV text, see 3704 (nif); (piel) lay out snares (Ps 38:13[EB 12]+); (hitp) lay out traps, set a trap (1Sa 28:9+); (nif) be ensnared (Dt 12:30+); 2. LN 57.55–57.70 (piel) seize, i.e., the taking of possessions from a debtor (Ps 109:11+)

5944 I. נֵר (nēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5216; TWOT 1333b—1. LN 6.102–6.105 lamp, i.e., a small container with olive oil with a wick, with the function to give light, often upon a lampstand (Ex 25:37); 2. LN 6.102–6.105 wicks, i.e., the part of the lamp that has the fire on it, separate from the lamp (Zec 4:2); 3. LN 13.69–13.103 life, existence, formally, lamp, i.e., the quality that distinguishes someone or thing from a dead or non-existence (2Sa 21:17; Pr 13:9; 20:27; 24:20)

5945 II. נֵר (nēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5369; TWOT 1333a—LN 93-pers. (male) Ner: 1. father of Abner (1Sa 14:50, 51; 26:5, 14; 2Sa 2:8, 12; 3:23, 25, 28, 37; 1Ki 2:5, 32; 1Ch 8:30; 26:28+) 2. son of Kish (1Ch 8:33; 9:36, 39+), note: many sources same as 1.

נִר (nir) Holladay, BDB: see 5775 (Pr 21:4+)

5946 נֵרְגַל (nē·reḡǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5370;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Nergal: god of the Underworld in Mesopotamian religion (2Ki 17:30+)

5947 נֵרְגַל שַׂר־אֶצֶר (nē·reḡǎl śǎr-·ʾě·ṣěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5371;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nergal-Sharezer: officer of Nebuchadnezzar (Jer 39:3,13+)

נִרְגָּן (nir·gān): n.masc. [oth nif ptcp.masc.sing. of 8087]; ≡ Str 5371;—1. LN 33.404–33.405 gossip, slanderer, i.e., one who gossips and spreads rumor (Pr 16:28; 18:8+); 2. LN 33.404–33.405 gossip, i.e., words spoken in low tones and rumor (Pr 26:20, 22+)

5948 נֵרְדְּ (nērd): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5373; TWOT 1420—LN 6.205–6.212 nard, spikenard, i.e., a mixture of lipids with Himalayan plant of the valerian family, an aromatic ointment as a kind of perfume, from Nardostachys jatamansi (SS 1:12, 13, 14+)

5949 נֵרִיָּה (nē·riy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5374;—LN 93-pers. (male) Neriah: father of Baruch and Seraiah (Jer 32:12, 16; 36:4, 8; 43:3; 45:1; 51:59+), see also 5950

5950 נֵרִיָּהוּ (nē·riy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5374;—LN 93-pers. (male) Neriahu (Neriah NIV): father of Baruch and Seraiah (Jer 36:14, 32; 43:6+), see also 5949

נשׂא (nśʾ): see 5951

5951 נָשָׂא (nā·śā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 4984, 5375, 5379, 7721; TWOT 1421—1. LN 15.101–15.106 (qal) lift up, i.e., cause to move up or lift up an object to a higher elevation of any amount (Ge 7:7; Jer 4:6); (qal pass.) be lifted up; (nif) be lifted up, raised, lofty (Ps 24:7; Isa 2:2; Isa 2:13, 14; 30:25; 40:4; 57:7, 15; Isa Jer 51:9; Eze 1:19, 19, 20, 21, 21; 8:3; Mic 4:1; Zec 5:7+); 2. LN 15.187–15.211 (qal) bear, carry, i.e., pick up and move an object in linear movement (Ge 44:1); (nif) be carried off (Ex 25:28; 2Sa 19:43[EB 42]; 2Ki 20:17; Isa 39:6; 49:22; 66:12; Jer 10:5; Da 11:12+), note: in some contexts this refers to being an exile; (piel) carry along (Am 4:2+); (hif) bring (2Sa 17:13+); 3. LN 40.8–40.13 (qal) forgive, spare, i.e., remove guilt incurred and its penalty (Ge 50:17; 1Sa 15:25); (qal pass.) be forgiven (Ps 32:1; Isa 33:24+); 4. LN 87.19–87.57 (qal) respect, honor, i.e., show high status for another (2Ki 3:14); (qal pass.) be honored, ranked, prominent (2Ki 5:1; Job 22:8; Isa 3:3; 9:14[EB 15]+); (nif) exalted (1Ch 14:2; Isa 2:12; 6:1; 33:10; 52:13+); (piel) exalt (2Sa 5:12; Est 3:1; 5:11+); (hitp) be exalted (Nu 24:7; 1Ch 29:11; 2Ch 32:23; Eze 17:14; 29:15+); 5. LN 25.65–25.67 (qal) desire, formally, lift up, i.e., have a willing attitude to do something (Ex 35:21); (piel) long for (Jer 22:27; 44:14+); 6. LN 16 (qal) raise, i.e., a non-linear movement of the head from a downward position to a level or upward position (Zec 2:4); 7. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) suffer, i.e., be in an emotional state of distress (Jer 15:15); 8. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) incur, have, i.e., have a condition or state happen (Ex 28:43); (nif) rise up (Ps 7:7[EB 6]; 94:2+); (hif) bring upon (Lev 22:16+); (hitp) rouse (Nu 23:24+); 9. LN 88.206–88.222 (nif) be disdainful, i.e., be in an improper state of haughtiness and self exaltation (Pr 30:13+); (hitp) be arrogant (Nu 16:3; 1Ki 1:5; Pr 30:32; Da 11:14+), note: this may refer to governmental upheaval or rebellion; 10. LN 35.31–35.35 (qal) support, formally, carry, i.e., make provision and supply necessary in a situation (Ge 13:6); (qal pass.) be carried (Isa 46:3+); (piel) provide, help (Ezr 1:4; 8:36; 1Ki 9:11; Est 9:3; Ps 28:9; Isa 63:9+); 11. LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) take up, grab, i.e., grasp an object (Ge 27:3); 12. LN 21.6–21.8 unit: נָשָׂא בָּשָׂר בְּ־ שֵׁן ־ִי (nā·śā(ʾ) bā·śār b- šēn i-y) put in jeopardy, formally, place meat in my teeth, i.e., be in a state of danger as a figurative extension of an animal taking the prey in its mouth, or more likely, as a figurative extension of the very unstable (ridiculous) state of trying to hold up your own body by grabbing yourself with the teeth (Job 13:14); 13. LN 25.102–25.115 unit: נָשָׂא חֵן בְּ־ עַיִן (nā·śā(ʾ) ḥēn b- ʿǎ·yin)1 win favor, cause to be favorably disposed, formally, lift up in the eyes, i.e., cause one to be pleased with (Est 2:15, 17); 14. LN 33.406–33.411 unit: נָשָׂא מָשָׁל (nā·śā(ʾ) mā·šāl)1 ridicule, taunt, formally, lift up a byword, i.e., speak words that mock or make sport of another (Mic 2:4; Hab 2:6); 15. LN 30.53–30.55 unit: נָשָׂא אֵת נֶפֶשׁ (nā·śā(ʾ) ʾēṯ ně·p̄ěš) expect, anticipate, formally, lift up the soul (to), i.e., to expect something in the future to happen (Dt 24:15); 16. LN 5.1–5.22 unit: נָשָׂא נֶפֶשׁ (nā·śā(ʾ) ně·p̄ěš) live on, feed on, formally, lift up the soul, i.e., to eat food as a staple (Hos 4:8); 17. LN 24.1–24.51 unit: נָשָׂא אֵת עַיִן (nā·śā(ʾ) ʾēṯ ʿǎ·yin)1 look up, formally, lift up the eyes (Ge 13:10); 18. LN 15.18–15.26 unit: נָשָׂא (nā·śā(ʾ)) … רֶגֶל (rě·ḡěl) continue on a journey, formally, lift the foot, i.e., continue on moving a considerable distance (Ge 29:1); 19. LN 40.8–40.13 unit: נָשָׂא אֵת רֹאשׁ (nā·śā(ʾ) ʾēṯ rō(ʾ)š)1 pardon, forgive, formally, lift the head, i.e., grant clemency for a wrong-doing or sin, as an extension of raising the head from a bowing motion to a level or upward look, implying restoration of a state (Ge 40:13); 20. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: נָשָׂא אֵת רֹאשׁ (nā·śā(ʾ) ʾēṯ rō(ʾ)š)1 take a census, formally, lift up the head, i.e., count a number of objects in an official capacity (Ex 30:12), see also domain LN 60.1–60.9; 21. LN 87.19–87.57 unit: נָשָׂא פָּנֶה (nā·śā(ʾ) pā·ně(h)) show honor, formally, lift up the face, i.e., do actions attributing high status to another (La 4:16); 22. LN 31.14–31.25 unit: נָשָׂא פָּנֶה (nā·śā(ʾ) pā·ně(h)) accept, formally, lift up the face, i.e., consent or agree to conditions or terms (La 4:16); 23. LN 30.75–30.85 unit: נָשָׂא פָּנֶה (nā·śā(ʾ) pā·ně(h)) show partiality, have bias, be prejudiced, i.e., manifest the incorrect discrimination or preference of making of judgments based on factors other than the facts pertinent to a just decision (Mal 2:9); 24. LN 24.1–24.51 unit: נָשָׂא פָּנֶה (nā·śā(ʾ) pā·ně(h)) look up, formally, lift up the face (2Ki 9:32); 25. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: נָשָׂא קוֹל (nā·śā(ʾ) qôl) cry loud, formally, lift the voice, i.e., make audible sounds which communicate (Isa 24:14), see also domain LN 14.74–14.86; 26. LN 33.463–33.469 unit: נָשָׂא יָד (nā·śā(ʾ) yāḏ) swear and oath, formally, lift the hand (Eze 20:5); 27. LN 34.66–34.78 unit: נָשָׂא לְ־ אִשָּׁה (nā·śā(ʾ) l- ʾiš·šā(h)) marry, formally, lift up for a woman, i.e., enter into a marriage covenant (Ru 1:4), note: for another parsing of n.fem. in Isa 46:1, see 5953; note: further study may yield more domains

נִשֵּׂאת (niś·śē(ʾ)ṯ) BDB: see 5951 (2Sa 19:43[EB 42])

נשׂג (nśg): see 5952

5952 נָשַׂג (nā·śǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 5381; TWOT 1422—1. LN 15.158–15.159 (hif) overtake, catch up, i.e., make linear motion which follow another object, up to the point of being in the same place together, implying a meeting, engagement, or confrontation (Ge 31:35); 2. LN 64 (hif) equal, formally, reach or attain, i.e., be of a comparable state (Ge 47:9); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 (hif) continue, i.e., go on in a certain state (Lev 26:5); 4. LN 16 (hif) reach to, extend, i.e., stretch a limb of the body in a non-linear motion (1Sa 14:26); 5. LN 84.1–84.15 (hif) stretch out, move over, i.e., extend a limit by extending a boundary from a source (Job 24:2); 6. LN 57.152–57.171 unit: (hif) נָשַׂג יָד (nā·śǎḡ yāḏ) afford, formally, attain in the hand, i.e., an amount sufficient to pay a price or cost, implying one is rich or prosperous (Lev 5:11), note: Job 24:2 see also 8450; for hif ptcp. fem. as a noun, see 5371

5953 נְשׂוּאָה (neśû·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5385; TWOT 1421a—LN 15.187–15.211 burden, load, i.e., what is carried about, with a focus on the effort needed to transport them (Isa 46:1+), note: some parse as qal pass. ptcp. fp of 5951

5954 I. נָשִׂיא (nā·śî(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5387; TWOT 1421b, 1421c—1. LN 37.48–37.95 leader, ruler, chief, prince, i.e., one who governs or rules a group either selected by ability or blood relation (1Ki 8:1), note: for MT text in Eze 22:25, see 5566; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: נָשִׂיא נָשִׂיא (nā·śî(ʾ) nā·śî(ʾ))1 chairman, chief leader, formally, leader of the leaders, i.e., one in charge over other leaders (Nu 3:32)

5955 II. נָשִׂיא (nā·śî(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5387; TWOT 1421b—1. LN 1.34–1.38 storm clouds, i.e., clouds laden with moisture and ready to give rain (Ps 135:7; Jer 10:13; 51:16+); 2. LN 1.34–1.38 rising mist, damp fog, i.e., a just-forming cloud close to the earth that contains none or little moisture (Pr 25:14+), note: this may be a cloud much higher in the sky, with the same focus of not having much moisture in it

נשׂק (nśq): see 5956

5956 נָשַׂק (nā·śǎq): v.; ≡ Str 5400; TWOT 2266—LN 14.63–14.73 (nif) be kindled, i.e., to have a fire start, implying an intense burning (Ps 78:21+), note: here as a reference to judgment; (hif) kindle a fire (Isa 44:15; Eze 39:9+), burn, note: BDB form with same meaning is 8519

I. נשׁא (nšʾ): see 5957

II. נשׁא (nšʾ): see 5958

5957 I. נָשָׁא (nā·šā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 5378, 5383; TWOT 1427—1. LN 57.209–57.218 (qal) give a loan, be a creditor (Dt 24:11); (hif) make a loan (Dt 15:2), note: for qal act. ptcp. as a n.masc. in Ex 22:24[EB 25]; 1Sa 22:2; 2Ki 4:1; Ps 109:11; Isa 50:1, see 5962.5; 2. LN 57.219–57.223 (qal) receive a loan, be a debtor (1Sa 22:2; Jer 15:10); 3. LN 57.178–57.185 (hif) subject to tribute, i.e., make one pay obligatory honor to a superior government (Ps 89:23[EB 22]); note: Jer 23:39b, see 5960

5958 II. נָשָׁא (nā·šā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 5377; TWOT 1425—LN 88.152–88.159 (hif) deceive, delude, i.e., cause someone to depart from correct behavior by craft and trickery (Ge 3:13; 2Ki 18:29; 19:10; 2Ch 32:15; Ps 55:16[EB 15]; Isa 36:14; 37:10; Jer 4:10; 29:8; 37:9; 49:16; Ob 3, 7+); (nif) be deceived (Isa 19:13+), note: see also domain LN 31.8–31.13; note: for another parsing in Ps 55:16[EB 15]; 89:23[EB 22], see 8735

נֹשֶׁא (nō·šě(ʾ)): see 5962.5 1Sa 22:2

נשׁב (nšb): see 5959

5959 נָשַׁב (nā·šǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 5380; TWOT 1426—1. LN 14.4–14.9 (qal) cause wind to blow, i.e., have air stir and blow as a figurative extension of having air come out of the lungs in a forceful manner, with a focus on the movement caused by that action (Isa 40:7+); (hif) cause to blow (Ps 147:18); 2. LN 15.34–15.74 (hif) drive away, i.e., to use force to cause a creature to leave an area (Ge 15:11+)

I. נשׁה (nšh): see 5960

II. נשׁה (nšh): see 5957

5960 I. נָשָׁה (nā·šā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5382; TWOT 1428—LN 29.13–29.15 (qal) forget, i.e., not recall information from memory, with a focus that an action will not be taken, whether to respond in help, or punishment (Jer 23:39; La 3:17; Eze 39:26 NIV; Mic 6:10 NIV+), note: in some of these contexts the information is hurtful to remember, and so the forgetting is a positive event; (nif) be forgotten (Isa 44:21+); (piel) make forget (Ge 41:51+); (hif) make one forget (Job 11:6; 39:17+), note: for MT text in Mic 4:10, see 838; Eze 39:26, see 5951; note: some parse Jer 23:39b as 5957; some parse Ps 55:16 as 5958

5961 II. נָשָׁה (nā·šā(h)): v.—see 5957

5962 נָשֶׁה (nā·šě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5384; TWOT 1429—LN 8.9–8.69 sciatic nerve sheath, i.e., a thick nerve bundle that runs from the lower back to the back of the thigh through the pelvic hips, nervus ischiadicus (Ge 32:33[EB 32]+), note: some translate “tendon” attached to the hip

נֹשֶׁה (nō·šě(h)): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.sing. of 5957]; ≡ Str 5384; TWOT 1429—LN 57.209–57.218 creditor, moneylender, i.e., one who acts as a banker (Ex 22:24[EB 25]; 1Sa 22:2; 2Ki 4:1; Ps 109:11; Isa 50:1)

5963 נְשִׁי (nešî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5386; TWOT 1427a—LN 57.219–57.223 debt, i.e., what is owned to another, possibly with interest due (2Ki 4:7+)

5964 נְשִׁיָּה (nešiy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5388; TWOT 1428a—1. LN 29.13–29.15 forgetfulness, i.e., the omission of remembrance, with a focus not so much on information as on the lack of relationship (Ps 88:13[EB 12]+); 2. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: אֶרֶץ נְשִׁיָּה (ʾě·rěṣ nešiy·yā(h)) Oblivion, Underworld, formally, land of forgetfulness, i.e., the nether world conceived as far from the LORD’s* presence (Ps 88:13[EB 12]+)

נָשִׁים (nā·šîm) Holladay: see 851

5965 נְשִׁיקָה (nešî·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5390; TWOT 1435a—LN 34.62–34.65 a kiss, i.e., an act. of touching the lips to another, as a gesture of affection (Pr 27:6; SS 1:2+)

I. נשׁךְ (nšk): see 5966

II. נשׁךְ (nšk): see 5967

5966 I. נָשַׁךְ (nā·šǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 5391; TWOT 1430, 1430b—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) bite, i.e., to seize with the teeth or jaws, intending to injure or wound (Ge 49:17; Nu 21:9; Pr 23:32; Ecc 10:8, 11; Am 5:19; 9:3+); (qal pass.) be bitten (Nu 21:8); (piel) bite (Nu 21:6; Jer 8:17+); 2. LN 57.172–57.177 unit: (qal) נָשַׁךְ בְּ־ שֵׁן (nā·šǎḵ b- šēn)1 bribe, formally, bite with the teeth, i.e., the hiring of a person with money or valuables to influence an outcome, as a figurative extension of feeding a person (Mic 3:5+)

5967 II. נָשַׁךְ (nā·šǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 5391; TWOT 1430—1. LN 57.55–57.70 (qal) earn interest, i.e., gain money or valuables as payment for the use of money (Dt 23:20b[EB 19b]+); (hif) charge interest (Dt 23:20a[EB 19a],21ab[EB 20ab]+); 2. LN 57.219–57.223 (qal) be a debtor, i.e., owing money to another (Hab 2:7+)

5968 נֶשֶׁךְ (ně·šěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5392; TWOT 1430a—LN 57.55–57.70 interest, i.e., a charge for borrowing money as a gain to the borrower, with a focus on the improper, demanding way that the borrower may exact repayment (Ex 22:24[EB 25]; Lev 25:36, 37; Dt 23:20[EB 19]; Ps 15:5; Pr 28:8; Eze 18:8, 13, 17; 22:12+), note: when the interest is considered excessive, translate “usury.”

5969 נִשְׁכָּה (niš·kā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5393; TWOT 1431—1. LN 7.26–7.53 room, apartment, i.e., a partitioned part of a building as a living space (Ne 3:30; 13:7+); 2. LN 7.26–7.53 unit: נִשְׁכָּה לְ־ הַ־ אוֹצָר (niš·kā(h) l- hǎ- ʾô·ṣār) storeroom, formally, room for the treasures, i.e., partitioned part of a building where valuables are stored (Ne 12:44+)

נשׁל (nšl): see 5970

5970 נָשַׁל (nā·šǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5394; TWOT 1432—1. LN 49 (qal) take off footwear (Ex 3:5; Jos 5:15+); 2. LN 15.160–15.164 (qal) drive out, expel, i.e., to cause an object to move along out of an area by force (Dt 7:1, 22; 2Ki 16:6+); 3. LN 15.215–15.221 (qal) fly off, i.e., the hurling through the air of an object not normally meant for flight (Dt 19:5+); 4. LN 15.118–15.122 (qal) drop off, fall off, i.e., a motion of vertical descent based on gravity (Dt 28:40+)

נשׁם (nšm): see 5971

5971 נָשַׁם (nā·šǎm): v.; ≡ Str 5395; TWOT 1433—LN 23.185–23.187 (qal) pant, gasp, groan, i.e., make short, erratic breaths as one in distress (Isa 42:14+), see also domain LN 25.135–25.145

5972 נְשָׁמָה (nešā·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5397; TWOT 1433a—1. LN 23.185–23.187 breath, blast of breath, i.e., unit of air that passes in and out of the lungs through mouth and nostrils, essential to life and a causative agent for an activity of God (Dt 20:16; 2Sa 22:17); 2. LN 23.88–23.128 life, formally, the breathing, i.e., persons and creatures in a state of animate life as a figurative extension of a breath (Jos 10:40); 3. LN 26 spirit, i.e., the inner-most part of a person that can respond to God (Pr 20:27); 4. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: לֹא יָתַר בְּ־ נְשָׁמָה (lō(ʾ) yā·ṯǎr b- nešā·mā(h)) die, formally, not remain with breath, i.e., be in a state of death (1Ki 17:17)

נשׁף (nšp): see 5973

5973 נָשַׁף (nā·šǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5398; TWOT 1434—LN 14.4–14.9 (qal) cause a wind, formally, blow with the breath (Ex 15:10; Isa 40:24+)

5974 נֶשֶׁף (ně·šěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5399; TWOT 1434a—1. LN 67.73–67.77 dusk, twilight, i.e., the time at the end of daylight, just before the dark of night (1Sa 30:17; 2Ki 7:5, 7; Job 24:15; Pr 7:9; Isa 5:11; 21:4; 59:10; Jer 13:16+); 2. LN 67.73–67.77 dawn, twilight, i.e., the time at the end of night, just before light of day (Job 3:9; 7:4; Ps 119:147+)

I. נשׁק (nšq): see 5975

II. נשׁק (nšq): see 5976

5975 I. נָשַׁק (nā·šǎq): v.; ≡ Str 5401; TWOT 1435, 1436—LN 34.62–34.65 (qal) kiss, i.e., to touch with the lips, as a gesture of affection and mutual relationship, or submission (Ge 27:26, 27; 29:11; 33:4; 48:10; 50:1; Ex 4:27; 18:7; Ru 1:9, 14; 1Sa 10:1; 20:41; 2Sa 14:33; 15:5; 19:40[EB 39]; 20:9; 1Ki 19:18, 20; Job 31:27; Ps 85:11[EB 10]; Pr 7:13; 24:26; SS 1:2; 8:1; Hos 13:2+); (piel) kiss with intensity or repetition (Ge 29:13; 31:28; 32:1[EB 31:55]; 45:15; Ps 2:12+)

5976 II. נָשַׁק (nā·šǎq): v.; ≡ Str 5401; TWOT 1435—1. LN 36.12–36.30 (qal) submit, yield, i.e., to obey a directive (Ge 41:40+); 2. LN 55.1 (qal) be armed, i.e., be in a state of military readiness, with weapons armed (1Ch 12:2; 2Ch 17:17; Ps 78:9+); 3. LN 24.73–24.76 (hif) touch lightly, brush together, i.e., the act. of touching and moving against each other, creating some friction and so resulting in a brushing sound (Eze 3:13+)

5977 I. נֶשֶׁק (ně·šěq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5402; TWOT 1436a—1. LN 6.29–6.40 weapon, i.e., an instrument for fighting, of a general kind (1Ki 10:25; 2Ki 10:2; 2Ch 9:24; Job 20:24; Isa 22:8; Eze 39:9, 10+); 2. LN 7.2–7.25 armory, i.e., a place where military equipment is stored (Ne 3:19+), note: for another interp in 1Ki 10:25; 2Ch 9:24, see 5978; 3. LN 55.2–55.6 battle, fray, i.e., a fighting engagement (Job 39:21; Ps 140:8[EB 7]+)

5978 II. נֶשֶׁק (ně·šěq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5402; TWOT 1436a—LN 6.205–6.212 fragrance substance, i.e., a currently unknown perfume or spice (1Ki 10:25; 2Ch 9:24+), note: for another interp, see 5977

נֵשֶׁק (nē·šěq) BDB: see 5977

5979 נֶשֶׁר (ně·šěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5404; TWOT 1437—1. LN 4.38–4.46 bird of prey, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; so an eagle, a bird of prey, any of several species active in the daytime, with a large wingspan (Ex 19:4; Lev 11:13; Dt 14:12; 28:49; 32:11; 2Sa 1:23; Job 9:26; 39:27; Ps 103:5; Pr 23:5; 30:19; Isa 40:31; Jer 4:13; 48:40; 49:16, 22; La 4:19; Eze 1:10; 10:14; 17:3, 7; Hos 8:1; Ob 4+); 2. LN 4.38–4.46 carrion bird, ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; so vulture, a carrion-eating (refuse eating) bird, similar to the hawk and eagle, usually with an unfeathered head (Pr 30:17; Mic 1:16; Hab 1:8+)

נשׁת (nšt): see 5980

5980 נָשַׁת (nā·šǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 5405; TWOT 1438—1. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) be weak, be exhausted, formally, dried up, i.e., to be in a state of physical weakness (Jer 51:30+); 2. LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) be parched, be thirsty, formally, dried up, i.e., be in a physical state of thirst with a focus on the salivary glands no longer putting out fluid to the mouth and so have a parched mouth (Isa 41:17+); 3. LN 79.78–79.83 (nif) be dried up, i.e., pertaining to not having moisture or water as the feature of a river (Isa 19:5+), note: for NIV text in Jer 18:14, see 6004

5981 נִשְׁתְּוָן (niš·tewān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5406; TWOT 1439—LN 33.35–33.68 letter, writing, i.e., a document of written communication (Ezr 4:7; 7:11+), see also domain LN 6.54–6.67

5982 נְתוּנִים (neṯû·nîm): n.masc. [oth qal pass.ptcp.masc.p. of 5989]; ≡ Str 5411; TWOT 1443a—see 5987 or 5989 Ezr 8:17 K

נתח (ntḥ): see 5983

5983 נָתַח (nā·ṯǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5408; TWOT 1441—LN 19.14–19.26 (piel) cut into pieces, i.e., cut a corporeal body mass or animal meat into segments as a part of the butchering process (Ex 29:17; Lev 1:6, 12; 8:20; Jdg 19:29; 20:6; 1Sa 11:7; 1Ki 18:23, 33+)

5984 נֵתַח (nē·ṯǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5409; TWOT 1441a—LN 63.13–63.20 piece, i.e., a portion of a corporeal mass or a meat portion of an animal (Ex 29:17; Lev 1:6, 8, 12; 8:20; 9:13; Jdg 19:29; Eze 24:4,6+), see also domain LN 5.1–5.22

5985 נָתִיב (nā·ṯîḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5410; TWOT 1440a, 1440b—1. LN 1.99–1.105 path, i.e., a walkway or trail to get from one place to another (Job 18:10; 28:7+); 2. LN 42.7–42.28 a means to do, formally, path, i.e., a means to do an act. or function as a figurative extension of a walkway or path to get from one place to another (Ps 78:50; 119:35+); 3. LN 14.17–14.35 water wake, wave, i.e., a surge or roll of water caused by an object moving relatively swiftly through the water (Job 41:24[EB 32]+)

5986 נְתִיבָה (neṯî·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5410; TWOT 1440a—1. LN 1.99–1.105 path, way, road, i.e., a thoroughfare to get from one place to another (Hos 2:8[EB 6]); 2. LN 41.1–41.24 way of life, lifestyle, formally, path, i.e., conduct or behavior, with a focus on continuing behavior (Pr 1:15); 3. LN 15.18–15.26 unit: הָלַךְ נְתִיבָה (hā·lǎḵ neṯî·ḇā(h)) traveler, formally, one walking a path, i.e., persons who journey from one place to another (Jdg 5:6); 4. LN 1.99–1.105 unit: בַּיִת נְתִיבָה (bǎ·yiṯ neṯî·ḇā(h)) crossroad, formally, between the paths, i.e., an intersection of two thoroughfares, and so a gathering area for travelers to meet (Pr 8:2+)

5987 נָתִין (nā·ṯîn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5411; TWOT 1443a—LN 53.66–53.95 (pl.) servants, i.e., ones devoted to common service in the Temple worship complex, similar but separate from Levites, and exempt from taxes, likely doing common chores necessary for worship, such as carrying water and wood, as a class of worker (1Ch 9:2; Ezr 2:43, 58, 70; 7:7; 8:17, 20; Ne 3:26, 31; 7:46, 60, 72[NIV 73]; 10:29[EB 28]; 11:3, 21+) for another pointing of the K reading in Ezr 8:17, see 5982

נְתִינִים (neṯî·nîm) BDB: see 5987

נתךְ (ntk): see 5988

5988 נָתַךְ (nā·ṯǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 5413; TWOT 1442—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (nif) be poured out, i.e., pertaining to the movement of a liquid or mass (Ex 9:33; 2Sa 21:10+); (hif) pour out (Job 10:10+), note: this may refer to coming into existence; 2. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) have happen, formally, pour out, i.e., cause an event to happen, as a figurative extension of pouring out a mass or liquid, implying the event will have a degree of intensity or profusion (2Ch 12:7; 2Ch 34:25; Job 3:24; Jer 42:18b; 44:6; Da 9:11, 27+); (nif) be poured out (2Ch 34:21; Jer 7:20; 42:18a; Na 1:6+), note: as a focus on the experience, see also domain LN 90.85–90.97, LN 90.51–90.55; 3. LN 79.7–79.8 (nif) melted, i.e., pertaining to a solid becoming a liquid or molten mass (Eze 22:21; 24:11+), note: this can refer to destruction or severe harm; (hif) melt (Eze 22:20+); (hof) be melted (Eze 22:22+); 4. LN 57.152–57.171 (hif) pay, i.e., pay out money for goods or services (2Ki 22:9; 2Ch 34:17+)

נתן (ntn): see 5989

5989 נָתַן (nā·ṯǎn): v.; ≡ Str 5414; TWOT 1443—1. LN 57.71–57.124 (qal) give, i.e., place an object or idea in the possession or control of another, implying value of the object, as well as a purpose for the exchange (1Sa 1:4); (qal pass.) be given (Nu 32:5); (nif) be given (Ex 5:16); (hof) be given (Nu 26:54; 32:5; 2Sa 21:6; 2Ki 5:17+); 2. LN 90.51–90.55 (qal) cause, i.e., a marker of a causative relation (Nu 5:21); 3. LN 85.32–85.54 (qal) put, place, i.e., set an object in a place (Lev 22:22); (nif) placed (Ex 6:8); (hof) be placed (Lev 11:38+), note: context will allow a great flexibility of exact translation gloss which will be appropriate in a given context; 4. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) produce, i.e., cause something to happen (Ex 5:18); 5. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) allow, i.e., grant one an occasion or opportunity to happen (1Sa 24:8); 6. LN 37.96–37.107 (qal) appoint, i.e., assign to a role or task (Ex 31:6); 7. LN 57.152–57.171 (qal) pay, i.e., compensate money or goods for property or services (1Ki 21:2); (hof) be bought, formally, given (Job 28:15+); 8. LN 18.12–18.23 (hof) be hanging, i.e., have an object fastened to a solid, firm object, above the ground (2Sa 18:9+); 9. LN 34.66–34.78 unit: נָתַן לְ־ אִשָּׁה (nā·ṯǎn l- ʾiš·šā(h)) give in marriage, give as a wife, i.e., negotiate the bride for marriage, including financial transactions (Jdg 1:12); 10. LN 34.66–34.78 unit: (hof) נָתַן לְ־ אִשָּׁה (nā·ṯǎn l- ʾiš·šā(h)) given in marriage, given as a wife, i.e., negotiate the bride for marriage, including financial transactions (1Ki 2:21+); 11. LN 33.387–33.403 unit: נָתַן דֳּפִי (nā·ṯǎn dǒp̄î) slander, formally, give a blemish, i.e., give a verbal blemish or stain the character of another (Ps 50:20+); 12. LN 23.61–23.65 unit: נָתַן שְׁכֹבֶת לְ־ זֶרַע (nā·ṯǎn šeḵō·ḇěṯ l- zě·rǎʿ) have sexual relations (Lev 18:20); 13. LN 57.186–57.188 unit: נָתַן (nā·ṯǎn) … כֶּסֶף (kě·sěp̄) buy or sell, formally, give silver, i.e., purchase or retail an item (1Ki 21:2, 6); 14. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: נָתַן כָּתֵף (nā·ṯǎn kā·ṯēp̄) refuse, formally, turn the back, i.e., an act. of stubbornness (Zec 7:11); 15. LN 49 unit: נָתַן לְבוּשׁ (nā·ṯǎn leḇûš) put on clothing (Ps 69:12[EB 11]; Isa 63:1); 16. LN 28.28–28.56 unit: נָתַן (nā·ṯǎn) … לָשׁוֹן לִמֻּד (lā·šôn lim·mǔḏ) receive revelation, formally, give the tongue of a disciple, i.e., the receiving of clear knowledge given from God, to then be spoken to others (Isa 50:4a+); 17. LN 20.12–20.30 unit: נָתַן מוּם (nā·ṯǎn mûm) cause an injury, formally, give a blemish, i.e., inflict a harm or wound of some kind (Lev 24:19, 20); 18. LN 71.21–71.33 unit: מִי נָתַן (mî nā·ṯǎn) oh I wish!, if only, would that, i.e., a marker of what ought to be in the mind of the speaker (Ex 16:3), note: for 1Sa 23:22 cj, see 4556; 19. LN 57.152–57.171 unit: נָתַן מֶכֶר (nā·ṯǎn mě·ḵěr) pay a price, formally, give a value, i.e., give money or goods in exchange for a service or product (Nu 20:19+); 20. LN 17.12–17.18 unit: נָתַן מָקוֹם (nā·ṯǎn mā·qôm) seated, i.e., take or be in a sitting position (1Sa 9:22); 21. LN 55.2–55.6 unit: נָתַן מָקוֹם (nā·ṯǎn mā·qôm) give way, formally, give a place, i.e., to yield ground on a military battlefield (Jdg 20:36); 22. LN 38.1–38.13 unit: נָתַן (nā·ṯǎn) … נְקָמָה (neqā·mā(h)) take revenge, avenge, formally, give retribution, i.e., the justified act. of paying back for a wrong incurred (2Sa 4:8), note: for MT text in 2Sa 22:33, see 6001; for another parsing in Ps 8:2[EB 1], see 9479; note: for NIV text in Eze 26:20, see 3656; note: for Pr 1:12 cj; Isa 33:16 cj, see 3851; note: further study may yield more domains

5990 נָתָן (nā·ṯān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5416;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nathan: 1. son of David (2Sa 5:14; 1Ch 3:5; 14:4+), see also DBLGrk 3718 2. prophet in David’s time (2Sa 7:2, 3, 4, 17; 12:1–25 passim; 1Ki 1:8–45 passim; 1Ch 17:1–15 passim; 29:29; 2Ch 9:29; 29:25; Ps 51:2[EB title]+) 3. father of Igal, one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:36; 1Ch 11:38+) 4. one sent by Ezra to Casiphia (Ezr 8:16+) 5. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:39+), note: possibly same as 4. 6. of Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:36+) 7. father of Azariah and Zabud (1Ki 4:5+), note: possibly same as 1 or 2 8. progenitor of a clan mentioned in Zecariah (Zec 12:12+), note: oth same as 2.

5991 נְתַנְאֵל (neṯǎn·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5417;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nethanel: 1. of Issachar, assistant of Moses (Nu 1:8; 2:5; 7:18, 23; 10:15+) 2. brother of David (1Ch 2:14+) 3. trumpet blowing priest in the time of David (1Ch 15:24+) 4. Levite in David’s day (1Ch 24:6+) 5. gatekeeper in David’sing. day (1Ch 26:4+) 6. instructor in Torah (2Ch 17:7+) 7. Levite in the days of Josiah (2Ch 35:9+) 8. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:22+) 9. head of a priestly family (Ne 12:21+) 10. priest at the dedication of the walls of Jerusalem (Ne 12:36+)

5992 נְתַנְיָה (neṯǎn·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5418;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nethaniah: 1. father of Ishmael, an assassin (2Ki 25:23, 25; Jer 40:14, 15; 41:1–18 passim+), see also 5993(4.) 2. son of Asaph the seer (1Ch 25:2+), see also 5993(1.) 3. see 5993(2.) 4. see 5993(3.)

5993 נְתַנְיָהוּ (neṯǎn·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5418;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nethaniahu (Nethaniah NIV): 1. son of Asaph the seer (1Ch 25:12+), see also 5992(2.) 2. One of the Levites sent out by Jehoshaphat to teach (2Ch 17:8+) 3. The father of one sent to remonstrate with Baruch, Jeremiah’s scribe (Jer 36:14+) 4. father of Ishmael, an assassin (Jer 40:8; 41:9+), see also 5992(1.)

5994 נְתַן־מֶלֶךְ (neṯǎn-·mě·lěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5419;—LN 93-pers. (male) Nathan-Melech: official in the reign of King Josiah (2Ki 23:11+)

נתס (nts): see 5995

5995 נָתַס (nā·ṯǎs): v.; ≡ Str 5420; TWOT 1444—LN 20.31–20.60 (qal pf.) destroy, formally, break up, tear up, i.e., to ruin something for its intended purpose (Job 30:13+), note: in context, dig up or cover over a road to make impassible

נתע (ntʿ): see 5996

5996 נָתַע (nā·ṯǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 5421; TWOT 1445—LN 19.34–19.42 (nif pf.) be broken, i.e., pertaining to an object which is shattered or broken and no longer able to function as intended (Job 4:10+), note: context may favor that the tooth is “knocked out,” (and so no part of the tooth is in the head) or “fallen out” by age

נתץ (ntṣ): see 5997

5997 נָתַץ (nā·ṯǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 5422; TWOT 1446—LN 19.34–19.42 (qal) break down, tear down, demolish, i.e., make physical impact on an object which results in its destruction (Ex 34:13; Lev 14:45; Dt 7:5; Jdg 2:2; 6:30, 31, 32; 8:9, 17; 9:45; 2Ki 10:27; 11:18; 23:7, 8, 12, 15; 25:10; 2Ch 23:17; Job 19:10; Ps 52:7[EB 5]; 58:7[EB 6]; Isa 22:10; Jer 1:10; 18:7; 31:28; 39:8; 52:14; Eze 26:9, 12+); (qal pass.) torn down, be broken down (Jer 33:4+); (nif) shattered, lay in ruins (Jer 4:26; Eze 16:39; Na 1:6+); (piel) tear down, break down, shatter, destroy (Dt 12:3; 31:1; 33:3; 34:4, 7; 36:19+); (pual) be demolished (Jdg 6:28+); (hof) be broken up (Lev 11:35+)

נתק (ntq): see 5998

5998 נָתַק (nā·ṯǎq): v.; ≡ Str 5423; TWOT 1447—1. LN 15.212–15.214 (qal) pull off, draw away, i.e., cause linear motion (of any length) by use of force or other necessary conditions (Jer 22:24+); (hif) drag off (Jer 12:3+); 2. LN 19.27–19.33 (piel) snap, tear, break, i.e., physical impact which breaks an object apart by tearing or splitting (Jdg 16:9a, 12; Ps 2:3; 107:14; Isa 58:6; Jer 2:20; 5:5; 30:8; Eze 17:9; 23:34; Na 1:13+); (qal pass.) be torn (Lev 22:24+); (nif) snapped, torn, break (Jdg 16:9b; Ecc 4:12; Isa 5:27; 33:20; Jer 10:20+); 3. LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) draw out, i.e., use tactics to change the military position of an opponent to gain an advantage (Jdg 20:32+); (nif) be drawn out of position (Jos 8:16+); (hif) draw out (Jos 8:6+); (hof) drawn out (Jdg 20:31+); 4. LN 68.34–68.57 (nif) cease, stop, formally, torn, shattered, i.e., have the ending of an event or thoughts, as an extension of the destruction of an object by violent tearing or splitting (Job 17:11; 18:14+); 5. LN 85.32–85.54 (nif) be set, formally, be drawn, i.e., pertaining to the placing or putting of an object in a space, with a focus that this setting down happens with relative ease, likely due to the ongoing motion of the object (Jos 4:18+); 6. LN 47.1–47.7 (nif) purged, i.e., to draw away of dross from molten metal (Jer 6:29+)

5999 נֶתֶק (ně·ṯěq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5424; TWOT 1447a—LN 23.142–23.184 diseased area of skin, itch, scab, i.e., an eruption of dermis (skin) of some kind (Lev 13:30–37 passim; 14:54+)

נתר (ntr) KB, Lisowsky: see 6000, 6001, 6002

נתר (ntr)[1] Holladay: see 6000

נתר (ntr)[2] Holladay: see 6001

נתר (ntr)[3] Holladay: see 6002

6000 I. נָתַר (nā·ṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5425; TWOT 1448, 1449—LN 18.1–18.11 (hif) let loose, i.e., release the grasp of an object with the hand (Job 6:9+), note: this refers to death in this context; note: some parse Job 37:1 here, translate “be discouraged”

6001 II. נָתַר (nā·ṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5425; TWOT 1448—1. LN 16 (qal) leap, i.e., the pounding motion of the heart that is overstimulated by excitement (Job 37:1+), note: others parse as 6000, with a different focus of an emotion of discouragement; 2. LN 15.238–15.243 (piel) hop up, leap up, i.e., a linear springing motion (Lev 11:21; 2Sa 22:33+), note: this motion can refer to vitality and energy in some contexts; 3. LN 16 (hif) tremble, formally, make leap up, jump up, i.e., the shuddering motion of fear as a basal response of the body to stress (Hab 3:6+), note: for NIV text in 2Sa 22:33, see 5989

6002 III. נָתַר (nā·ṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5425; TWOT 1448—1. LN 37.127–37.138 (hif) set free, release, i.e., remove from prison or control (Ps 105:20; 146:7+); 2. LN 18.12–18.23 (hif) untie, loose, i.e., to reverse the binding process, implying a release of freedom of the object (Isa 58:6+)

6003 נֶתֶר (ně·ṯěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5427; TWOT 1450a—LN 2.14–2.28 natron, i.e., a sodium carbonate as a detergent agent for washing, as well as embalming and ceramics, an alkali mineral (Pr 25:20; Jer 2:22+), note: some translate “soda,” i.e., sodium carbonate derived from ashes

נתשׁ (ntš): see 6004

6004 נָתַשׁ (nā·ṯǎš): v.; ≡ Str 5428; TWOT 1451—1. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) pull up, formally, uproot, i.e., pull an object out the ground, a plant or other object out of the ground (Mic 5:13[EB 14]+); (hof) be uprooted (Eze 19:12+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroyed, formally, uproot, i.e., to ruin and destroy an object other than a plant, with an implication that the destruction causes the ceasing of a state, as an extension pulling out the roots of a plant, so killing a plant (Dt 29:27[EB 28]; 1Ki 14:15; 2Ch 7:20; Ps 9:7[EB 6]; Jer 1:10; 12:14,15, 17; 18:7; 24:6; 31:28; 42:10; 45:4+); (nif) destroyed, formally, uproot (Jer 31:40; Da 11:4; Am 9:15+), note: for MT text in Jer 18:14, see 5980
Swanson, J. (1997). Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains : Hebrew (Old Testament) (electronic ed.). Oak Harbor: Logos Research Systems, Inc.
ס

6005 ס (s): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

6006 סְאָה (seʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5429; TWOT 1452—LN 81.20–81.24 seah, i.e., a measure for volume, for flour or grains, variously reckoned at 7 to 12 liters (7 to 10 dry quarts) (Ge 18:6; 1Sa 25:18; 1Ki 18:32; 2Ki 7:1,16,18+)

6007 סְאוֹן (seʾôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5430; TWOT 1453a—LN 6.152–6.187 shoe, i.e., the boot or sandal worn on the foot (Isa 9:4[EB 5]+)

סאן (sʾn): see 6008

6008 סָאַן (sā·ʾǎn): v.; ≡ Str 5431; TWOT 1453—LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) tramp, walk or march as a linear movement of an army on the move (Isa 9:4[EB 5]+)

סאסא (sʾsʾ) Holladay: see 6009

סֵאסֵא (sē(ʾ)·sē(ʾ)): v. [served by 6009]; ≡ Str 5431; TWOT 1453—LN 15.160–15.164 (pilpel inf.) drive out, expel, i.e., to cause an object to move along out of an area by force (Isa 27:8+), note: lexical form has four radicals

6009 סַאסְּאָה (sǎ(ʾ)s·seʾā(h)): n.fem. [BDB: repoint as inf. of 6008.5]; ≡ Str 5432; TWOT 1452—LN 85.67–85.85 expulsion, exile, i.e., the violent act. of removing persons or objects from one area to another, implying military action (Isa 27:8+)

סבא (sbʾ): see 6010

6010 I. סָבָא (sā·ḇā(ʾ)): v. [see also 6011.5]; ≡ Str 5433; TWOT 1455—LN 88.283–88.288 (qal) drink too much alcohol, i.e., consume wine or beer to the point of drunkenness (Isa 56:12+); (qal pass.) be drunk (Na 1:10+), note: for another interp in Na 1:10, see 6012, note: for the qal ptcp. as a noun, see 6011.5; note: Eze 23:42 K, see Q 8645, or another interp, see 6012

6011 סֹבֶא (sō·ḇě(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5435; TWOT 1455a—1. LN 6.197–6.202 alcoholic drink, beer or wine, i.e., a liqueur made from grapes or grain (Isa 1:22; Na 1:10+); 2. LN 88.283–88.288 drunkenness, drinking bout, formally, wine or beer, i.e., the state of being in an inebriated state or condition (Hos 4:18+)

סֹבֵא (sō·ḇē(ʾ)): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 6010]; ≡ Str 5435; TWOT 1455a—LN 88.283–88.288 drunkard, i.e., a person who habitually drinks too much wine, and so a person of moral failure (Dt 21:20; Pr 23:20, 21+)

6012 II. סָבָא (sā·ḇā(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5433; TWOT 1455—1. LN 3.13–3.32 shrub, i.e., a thorny briar or entangling weed-plant of some kind, identified by KB as “bind-weed” of the genus Convolvulus (of the morning glory family) (Na 1:10+), note: for another interp, see 6010; 2. LN 88.283–88.288 (pl.) drunkards, i.e., persons habitually drunk and so persons of poor character and low social status (Eze 23:42 Q+), note: for another interp, see 6010 (qal pass.) or 8645

6013 סְבָא (seḇā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5434;—LN 93-pers. Seba: 1. (male) son of Cush (Ge 10:7; 1Ch 1:9+) 2. (gent.) clan of people possibly related to Seba 1 (Ps 72:10; Isa 43:3+), see also 6014, 8644, 8645

6014 סְבָאִי (seḇā·ʾî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5436;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) pl. Sabean: semitic people resident in the SW part of the Arabian peninsula (Isa 45:14; Eze 23:42 Q+), see also 6013, 8644, 8644.5, 8645

סְבָאִים (seḇā·ʾîm) BDB: see 6014

סבב (sbb): see 6015

6015 סָבַב (sā·ḇǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 4141, 4142, 5437; TWOT 1456—1. LN 15.146–15.147 (qal) go around, surround, encircle, i.e., move around an object with linear motion, which can conclude with an object being encircled or surrounded at each spatial position around the object (Jdg 16:2), note: this can be a threatening or protecting motion; (nif) surrounded (Ge 19:4; Jos 7:9; Jdg 19:22; Eze 41:7+); (polel) surround, shield, go about, gather around (Dt 32:10; Ps 7:8[EB 7]; 26:6; 32:7, 10; 55:11[EB 10]; 59:7[EB 6],15[EB 14]; SS 3:2; Jer 31:22+); (hif) cause to surround, carry around (Ex 13:18; 1Ch 14:14); (hof) surrounding (Eze 41:7+); 2. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) winds through, goes around, i.e., linear motion which includes a arching, rounding motion (Dt 2:1); (nif) turn, change direction (Nu 34:4, 5; Jos 15:3, 10; 16:6; 18:14; 19:14; Jer 31:39; Eze 1:9, 12; Eze 10:11b+); (hif) turn (Jdg 18:23); (hof) be turned (Isa 28:27+); 3. LN 16 (qal) turn, i.e., a non-linear pivot motion (Pr 26:14); (nif) pivot, swing (Eze 26:2+); (hof) hinged (Eze 41:24+); 4. LN 15.248–15.249 (nif) turn in a circle, roll, i.e., the spinning motion of a wheel (Eze 1:17; Eze 10:11 a; 10:16+); 5. LN 85.32–85.54 (hof) set, be mounted, i.e., pertaining to the placing of an object into a secure setting so as not to move (Ex 28:11; 39:6, 13+); 6. LN 58.36–58.46 (piel) change over, i.e., cause a difference by differing the nature or relationship of an object or event (2Sa 14:20+); (nif) turned over, formally, surrounded (Jer 6:12+); (hif) bring over, change over (2Sa 3:12); (hof) be changed (Nu 32:38+); 7. LN 47.1–47.7 (polel) engulf, i.e., be surrounded by a mass (Jnh 2:4[EB 3],6[EB 5]+); 8. LN 25.179–25.185 unit: (hif) סָבַב אֵת פָּנֶה (sā·ḇǎḇ ʾēṯ pā·ně(h)) sulk, formally, turn the face, i.e., be in an offended, angry mood (1Ki 21:4), note: for another interp in Eze 41:7b see also 4585

6016 סִבָּה (sib·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5438; TWOT 1456a—LN 13.104–13.163 turning of events, i.e., an event which happens as a development of events (1Ki 12:15+)

6017 סָבִיב (sā·ḇîḇ): adv. [see also 6017.5]; ≡ Str 5439; TWOT 1456b—1. LN 83.5–83.8 all around, on all sides, surrounding, encircling, i.e., pertaining to a position of multiple placements of objects encircling or encasing an object in the middle (2Sa 22:12), note: in some contexts there is focus on the perimeter position of an area; 2. LN 14.36–14.52 unit: בַּיִת (bǎ·yiṯ) … סָבִיב (sā·ḇîḇ) halo, formally, house of surround, i.e., an arch of light (Eze 1:27)

סָבִיב (sā·ḇîḇ): n.masc. [see also 6017]; ≡ Str 5439; TWOT 1456b—LN 7.59–7.62 wall, i.e., a wall or barrier which surrounds and so makes a circuit (1Ch 11:8+)

סבךְ (sbk): see 6018

6018 סָבַךְ (sā·ḇǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 5440; TWOT 1457—LN 16 (qal pass.) (Na 1:10+) be entangled, i.e., pertaining to the twisting, wrapping and so interweaving of two objects so the result is being in close proximity, as a non-linear movement; (pual) be entwined (Job 8:17+)

6019 סְבַךְ (seḇǎḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5442; TWOT 1457a—LN 3.13–3.32 thicket, underbrush, i.e., shrubs that are dense and intertwined in a manner that will catch persons or creatures or be very difficult to go through (Ge 22:13; Isa 9:17[EB 18]; 10:34+)

6020 סְבֹךְ (seḇōḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5441; TWOT 1457b—1. LN 3.13–3.32 thicket, underbrush, i.e., shrubs that are dense and intertwined in a manner that will catch persons or creatures or be very difficult to go through (Ps 74:5; Jer 4:7+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 85.67–85.85 lair, formally, thicket of brush, i.e., a place which an animal resides (Jer 4:7+)

6021 סִבְּכַי (sib·beḵǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5444;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sibbecai: one of the Thirty (2Sa 21:18; 1Ch 11:29; 20:4; 27:11+), see also 4446

סבל (sbl): see 6022

6022 סָבַל (sā·ḇǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5445; TWOT 1458—1. LN 15.187–15.211 (qal) bear, carry, i.e., pick up or pull and carry an object (Ge 49:15; Isa 46:7+); (pual) be laden, be loaded (Ps 144:14+); 2. LN 15.160–15.164 (hitp) drag oneself along, i.e., carry oneself along, implying considerable self-effort (Ecc 12:5+); 3. LN 35.36–35.46 (qal) sustain, formally, bear up, i.e., take care of an object as a figurative extension of lifting and carrying an object (Isa 46:4+); 4. LN 90.56–90.84 (qal) incur, bear, carry, i.e., initiate an action to unburden another of an unpleasant state or condition, with a focus that the subject will experience that state, implying care and sustenance (Isa 53:4, 11; La 5:7+), note: in this context there may be an additional focus of becoming in a state of guilt, see also domain LN 88.289–88.318

6023 סֵבֶל (sē·ḇěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5447; TWOT 1458a—1. LN 15.187–15.211 burden, load, i.e., what is carried on the shoulders (Ne 4:11[EB 17]; Ps 81:7[EB 6]+); 2. LN 42.41–42.50 forced labor, work force, corv‚e, i.e., unpaid labor from a vassal for a lord (1Ki 11:28+)

6024 סֹבֶל (sō·ḇěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5448; TWOT 1458a—LN 22.1–22.14 oppression, i.e., trouble and hardship upon a person or people as a figurative extension of a burden carried on the shoulders or pulled by a plow (Isa 9:3[EB 4]; 10:27; 14:25+)

6025 סַבָּל (sǎb·bāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5449; TWOT 1458b—LN 42.41–42.50 carrier, burden-bearer, porter, i.e., a common laborer, with a focus on the loads of material they would carry (1Ki 5:29[EB 15]; 2Ch 2:1[EB 2],17[EB 18]; 34:13; Ne 4:4[EB 10]+), see also LN 45

סִבְלָה (siḇ·lā(h)) Lisowsky: see 6026

6026 סִבְלוֹת (siḇ·lôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 5450; TWOT 1458c—LN 42.41–42.50 forced labor, hard work, i.e., hard common labor with a focus on the difficulty of the work (Ex 1:11; 2:11; 5:4, 5; 6:6, 7+)

6027 סִבֹּלֶת (sib·bō·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5451; TWOT 1458d—LN 33.1–33.8 Sibboleth, formally, ear of grain, but in context a test word with no focus on content, only the sounds itself (Jdg 12:6+), see also 8672

6028 סִבְרַיִם (siḇ·rǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5453;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sibraim: place N of Damascus (Eze 47:16+)

6029 סַבְתָּא (sǎḇ·tā(ʾ)): n.pr. [BDB: gent.; KB, Holladay: or terr]; ≡ Str 5454;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sabta: son of Cush (1Ch 1:9+), see also 6030

6030 סַבְתָּה (sǎḇ·tā(h)): n.pr. [BDB: gent.; KB, Holladay: or terr]; ≡ Str 5454;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sabtah: son of Cush (Ge 10:7+), see also 6029

6031 סַבְתְּכָא (sǎḇ·teḵā(ʾ)): n.pr. [BDB: gent.; KB, Holladay: or terr]; ≡ Str 5455;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sabteca: son of Cush (Ge 10:7; 1Ch 1:9+)

סגד (sgd): see 6032

6032 סָגַד (sā·ḡǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 5456; TWOT 1459—LN 17.21–17.22 (qal) bow down, i.e., a motion of placing the face to the ground either on knees or prostrate, as an act. of worship (Isa 44:15, 17, 19; 46:6+)

6033 סְגוֹר (seḡôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5458; TWOT 1462a—1. LN 85.1–85.31 enclosure, i.e., a limited area or contained space (Hos 13:8+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: סְגוֹר לֵב (seḡôr lēḇ) pericardium, formally, encasement of the heart, i.e., the sack that surrounds the organ of the heart and the major artery and vessel connections (Hos 13:8+), note: this may have a more general meaning of the viscera or insides; 3. LN 2.49–2.62 pure gold, i.e., the finest quality gold of great value (Job 28:15+), note: for NIV text, see 6034

6034 סָגוּר (sā·ḡûr): adj. [oth qal pass.ptcp.masc. of 6037] [see also 6034.5]; ≡ Str 5462; TWOT 1462—LN 79.97–79.99 pure, i.e., pertaining to metal that is not alloyed and virtually free from impurities, as a feature of an object (1Ki 6:20, 21; 7:49, 50; 10:21; 2Ch 4:20, 22; 9:20+), note: for MT text in Job 28:15, see 6033

סָגוּר (sā·ḡûr): n.masc. [oth qal pass.ptcp.masc.] [served by 6034]—see 6034, 6037

סְגִים (seḡîm) Holladay: see 6092

6035 סְגֻלָּה (seḡǔl·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5459; TWOT 1460a—1. LN 57.1–57.21 treasured possession, i.e., valued personal property, what is owned by someone, which the owner has special affection or holds special value (Ex 19:5; Dt 7:6; 14:2; 26:18; Ps 135:4; Mal 3:17+); 2. LN 57.25–57.35 personal wealth, i.e., a personal accumulation of values, as contrasted with a governmental treasury (1Ch 29:3; Ecc 2:8+)

סִגִים (si·ḡîm), סִגִּים (sig·gîm) BDB: see 6092

סָגָן (sā·ḡān) BDB: see 6036

6036 סֶגֶן (sě·ḡěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5461; TWOT 1461—1. LN 37.48–37.95 official, leader, i.e., one who is a ruler and leader or governmental head (Ezr 9:2; Ne 2:16; 4:8[EB 14],13[EB 19]; 5:7, 17; 7:5; 12:40; 13:11+); 2. LN 55.14–55.22 military ruler (Isa 41:25; Jer 51:23, 28, 57; Eze 23:6, 12, 23+), note: some of these contexts may be civilian ruler

סגר (sgr): see 6037

6037 סָגַר (sā·ḡǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5462; TWOT 1462—1. LN 79.110–79.113 (qal) shut, close, i.e., to not be in an open position, implying a containment of the objects enclosed, in safety or imprisonment (Jos 2:5); (qal pass.) be shut (Eze 44:1); (nif) be shut up (Ne 13:19; Isa 45:1; 60:11; Eze 3:24; 46:2+); (pual) be shut up, barred, closed (Jos 6:1; Ecc 12:4; Isa 24:10; Jer 13:19+); 2. LN 37.114–37.118 (nif) confined, be imprisoned, i.e., pertaining to being physically confined for any reason, political or medical (Nu 12:14, 15; 1Sa 23:7+); (pual) be imprisoned (Isa 24:22+); (hif) cause isolation, confine (Lev 13:4); 3. LN 37.111–37.113 (piel) deliver, hand over, bring another person into custody for another (1Sa 17:46; 24:19[EB 18]; 26:8; 2Sa 18:28+); (hif) deliver, hand over (Dt 23:16); 4. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: סָגַר רֶחֶם (sā·ḡǎr rě·ḥěm) be unable to conceive, formally, close womb, i.e., be sexually infertile for conceiving (1Sa 1:5, 6+); 5. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: לֹא סָגַר דֶּלֶת בֶּטֶן (lō(ʾ) sā·ḡǎr dě·lěṯ bě·ṭěn)1 give birth, formally, not shut the doors of the womb (Job 3:10+); 6. LN 79.62–79.69 unit: סָגַר חוֹתָם (sā·ḡǎr ḥô·ṯām)1 be tightly sealed together, formally, be shut of a seal, i.e., a feature of an animal’s scales being strong against attack (Job 41:7[EB 15]+); 7. LN 39.34–39.41 unit: חֵלֶב ־מוֹ סָגַר (ḥē·lěḇ mô sā·ḡǎr) become rebellious, formally, close their fat, i.e., be in a state of open defiance to authority (Ps 17:10)

6038 סָגָר (sā·ḡār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5462; TWOT 1462—LN 6.29–6.40 (NIV, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh) javelin, i.e., a weapon which is thrown (Ps 35:3+), note: others translate as KB, “double axe” or REB, “ax,” NASB, “battle axe” note: ASV, KJV, NKJV, NAB, NEB, see 6037

סְגֹר (seḡōr): n.[masc.]—see 6038

6039 סַגְרִיר (sǎḡ·rîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5464; TWOT 1463a—LN 14.10–14.14 heavy rain, i.e., a steady, downpour of rain, with a focus on the constant, persistent elements of that rain (Pr 27:15+)

6040 סַד (sǎḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5465; TWOT 1464—LN 6.14–6.22 shackles, i.e., iron fetters for the feet to impede the movement of a prisoner (Job 13:27; 33:11+), note: some translate “stocks” as another device to restrain, see also domain LN 6.26–6.28; note: for Job 13:27 cj, see 6093

6041 סָדִין (sā·ḏîn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5466; TWOT 1466—LN 6.152–6.187 linen garment, i.e., clothing which is possibly a kind of undergarment doubling as a night shirt for sleeping as well as day use (Jdg 14:12, 13; Pr 31:24; Isa 3:23+)

6042 סְדֹם (seḏōm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5467; TWOT 1465—LN 93-place (loc.) Sodom: town on SE boundary of Canaan (Ge 10:19–19:28 passim; Dt 29:22[EB 23]; 32:32; Isa 1:9, 10; 3:9; 13:19; Jer 23:14; 49:18; 50:40; La 4:6; Eze 16:46–56 passim; Am 4:11; Zep 2:9+), note: for “vine of Sodom,” Dt 32:32, see 1728

6043 סֵדֶר (sē·ḏěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5468; TWOT 1467a—1. LN 62.3–62.9 order, arrangement, i.e., that which is not chaos and so organized, with a focus on peace and order (Job 10:22+); 2. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: אֶרֶץ (ʾě·rěṣ) … לֹא סֵדֶר (lō(ʾ) sē·ḏěr) the Netherworld, the Underworld, formally, land of disorder, i.e., a region below the earth where the dead reside (Job 10:22+)

6044 סַהַר (sǎ·hǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5469; TWOT 1468a—LN 79.104–79.109 roundness, i.e., the concept of being round or circular, as pertaining to the shape of an object (SS 7:3[EB 2]+)

6045 סֹהַר (sō·hǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5470; TWOT 1468b—1. LN 79.104–79.109 roundness, i.e., the concept of being round or circular, as pertaining to the shape of an object (Ge 39:20,21, 22,23; 40:3, 5+); 2. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת הַסֹּהַר (bǎ·yiṯ hǎs·sō·hǎr) prison, formally, house of the round, i.e., a construction where prisoners are confined (Ge 39:20,21, 22,23; 40:3, 5+)

6046 סוֹא (sô(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5471;—LN 93-pers. (male) So: king of Egypt (2Ki 17:4+)

סָובָאִים (sāw·ḇā·ʾîm): n.pr.—see 6014 (gent.) Eze 23:42 K

סוג (swg) BDB: see 6049

I. סוג (swg): see 6047

II. סוג (swg): see 6048

6047 I. סוּג (sûḡ): v.; ≡ Str 5472, 7734; TWOT 1469—1. LN 31.82–31.101 (qal) turn away, be faithless, be disloyal, i.e., be in a state in which one is disloyal or untrustworthy (Ps 53:4[EB 3]; 80:19[EB 18]; Pr 14:14+); (nif) be turned back, be disloyal, be faithless (Ps 78:57; Isa 59:13; Jer 38:22; Zep 1:6+); 2. LN 16 (nif) turn, i.e., a non-linear pivoting motion (2Sa 1:22; Ps 35:4; 40:15[EB 14]; 70:3[EB 2]; 129:5; Isa 42:17; Isa 50:5; Jer 46:5; Mic 2:6+), note: in some contexts the turning implies going to a rear position, and so be retreating; (hof) turned (Isa 59:14+); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 (nif) turn, i.e., be in a different state (Ps 44:19[EB 18]+); 4. LN 15.187–15.211 (hif) move, displace, i.e., pick up an object to another place (Dt 19:14; 27:17; Pr 22:28; 23:10; Hos 5:10+); 5. LN 57.1–57.21 (hif) store up, i.e., move objects into a storage place (Mic 6:14+), note: Job 24:2, some parse as 5952; note: 2Sa 1:22+ see 8450

6048 II. סוּג (sûḡ): v.; ≡ Str 5473; TWOT 1470—LN 83.18–83.22 (qal pass.) encircled, bordered, i.e., pertaining to multiple positions simultaneously circling an object in stationary positions (SS 7:3[EB 2]+), see also 8451

6049 III. סוּג (sûḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5509; TWOT 1469a—LN 39.34–39.41 apostasy, backsliding, i.e., the state of being faithless, with a focus on worthless rebellion (Eze 22:18 K+), for Q, see 6092

6050 סוּגַר (sû·ḡǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5474; TWOT 1462b—LN 6.14–6.22 animal cage, i.e., a portable prison for a live animal that cannot otherwise be controlled (Eze 19:9+)

6051 סוֹד (sôḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5475; TWOT 1471a—1. LN 28.68–28.83 confiding, confidence, i.e., the act. or state of intimacy and trust, with a focus of reliance on secrecy to maintain that discretion (Ps 25:14; Pr 3:32; 11:13; 20:19; 25:9+); 2. LN 11.55–11.89 council, assembly, i.e., a socio-political group that advises as well as governs or rules (Ge 49:6; Job 15:8; Ps 89:8[EB 7]; 111:1; Jer 23:18, 22; Eze 13:9+); 3. LN 11.1–11.11 group, i.e., a gathering of persons for any purpose (Jer 6:11; 15:17+); 4. LN 33.294–33.298 counsel, i.e., the giving of advice about a plan of action (Pr 15:22+); 5. LN 30.56–30.74 plan, i.e., a purposed plan of action, implying thought and purpose (Am 3:7+); 6. LN 30.56–30.74 conspiracy, i.e., to engage in joint planning, implying harm toward another (Ps 64:3[EB 2]; 83:4[EB 3]+); 7. LN 34.1–34.21 intimate fellowship, i.e., a very close, personal association with another or a group (Job 29:4; Ps 55:15[EB 14]+); 8. LN 34.1–34.21 unit: מֹת סוֹד (mōṯ sôḏ) friend, formally, men of confidence, i.e., one who is trustworthy in a relationship and worthy of confiding in (Job 19:19+)

6052 סוֹדִי (sô·ḏî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5476;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sodi: of Zebulun (Nu 13:10+)

6053 סוּחַ (sûaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5477;—LN 93-pers. (male) Suah: of Asher (1Ch 7:36+)

6054 סוּחָה (sû·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5478; TWOT 1473a—LN 6.215–6.225 refuse, garbage, rubbish, i.e., worthless and unwanted material normally thrown out, of a general kind (Isa 5:25+), note: “offal” may be a misleading word to translate as it often refers to a more specific butchering waste of the viscera; note: Ps 80:17[EB 16], see 4083

6055 סוֹטַי (sô·ṭǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5479;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sotai: ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:55; Ne 7:57+)

I. סוךְ (swk): see 6056

II. סוךְ (swk): see 6057

6056 I. סוּךְ (sûḵ): v.; ≡ Str 5526; TWOT 1475, 1492, 2259, 2260—LN 39.1–39.12 (pilpel) spur on, stir up, i.e., incite and encourage hostile behavior of a participant toward an object (Isa 9:10[EB 11]; 19:2+)

6057 II. סוּךְ (sûḵ): v.; ≡ Str 5480; TWOT 1474—LN 47.14–47.18 (qal) anoint, i.e., apply oils, perfumes, lotions, or resins to the body (Dt 28:40; Ru 3:3; 2Sa 14:2; 2Ch 28:15; Eze 16:9; Da 10:3; Mic 6:15+); (hif) put on lotions (2Sa 12:20+); (hof) be poured on (Ex 30:32+), note: some parse Ex 37:16 as 5818

6058 III. סוּךְ (sûḵ): v.—see 6114 hif (Job 3:23; 38:8+)

סוֹלֲלָה (sô·lǎlā(h)): see 6149 (Da 11:15+)

סְוֵן (sewēn), סְוָן (sewān) BDB: see 6059

6059 סְוֵנֵה (sewē·nē(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5482;—LN 93-place (loc.) Syene (Aswan NIV): town in Egypt (Eze 29:10; 30:6+), note: for MT text in Isa 49:12, see 6100

6060 סְוֵנִים (sewē·nîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5515;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Syenites: a people of the far south (Isa 49:12+), note: many relate to 6059, though (less likely) refer to the Chinese people

6061 I. סוּס (sûs): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5483; TWOT 1476—1. LN 4.1–4.37 stallion, male horse, i.e., a large mammal of the Equidae family, used for riding and burden bearing (2Ki 7:10); 2. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: רָכַב סוּס (rā·ḵǎḇ sûs)1 horseman, i.e., one who is expert at riding and controlling a horse (Eze 23:6)

סוּס (sûs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5483; TWOT 1476—LN 93-place (loc.) Horse Gate: an entrance area (2Ch 23:15; Ne 3:28; Jer 31:40+)

6062 II. סוּס (sûs): n.[masc.]—see 6101 (Isa 38:14 K; Jer 8:7 K+)

6063 סוּסָה (sû·sā(h)): n.fem. [see also 6063.5]; ≡ Str 5484; TWOT 1477—LN 4.1–4.37 mare, female horse, i.e., a large mammal of the Equidae family, used for riding and burden bearing (SS 1:9+)

סוּסָה (sû·sā(h)): n.pr. [served by 6063]; ≡ Str 5484; TWOT 1477—LN 93-place part of a compound name, Hazar Susah, see 2963

6064 סוּסִי (sû·sî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5485;—LN 93-pers. (male) Susi: of Manasseh (Nu 13:11+)

6065 סוּסִים (sû·sîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2702;—LN 93-place (loc.) Susim: part of a compound name, Hazar Susim, see 2964

סוף (swp): see 6066

6066 I. סוּף (sûp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5486; TWOT 1478—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroy, demolish, i.e., have a construction come to a state of ruin, and so have it come to an end (Am 3:15+); 2. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) come to an end, i.e., have something cease or stop (Est 9:28; Isa 66:17; Zep 1:2, 3+), note: Jer 8:13, for NIV text, see 658

6067 סוֹף (sôp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5490; TWOT 1478a—1. LN 80.5–80.7 end, i.e., the outer limit of a space (2Ch 20:16; Joel 2:20+); 2. LN 68.22–68.33 end, conclusion, finish, i.e., the end result of a process (Ecc 3:11; 7:2+); 3. LN 33.11–33.25 summation, a brief statement, with a focus on a main point (Ecc 12:13+)

6068 II. סוּף (sûp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5488; TWOT 1479—1. LN 3.13–3.32 reed, rushes, water plant, i.e., a marsh or riverbank plant (Ex 2:3, 5; Isa 19:6+); 2. LN 3.13–3.32 seaweed, i.e., a marine alga such as kelp (Jnh 2:6[EB 5]+)

סוּף (sûp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5488; TWOT 1479—LN 93-place (loc.) Reed Sea (most versions) Red Sea (Ex 10:19; 15:4; Dt 1:40; Ps 106:9), see also 5213.5, note: for etymological change from Reed to “Red,” see Pliny, Natural History Book VI, Section xxviii

6069 III. סוּף (sûp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5489; TWOT 1479—LN 93-place (loc.) Suph: an unknown place, the setting for the address of Moses (Dt 1:1+)

6070 I. סוּפָה (sû·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5492; TWOT 1478b—LN 14.4–14.9 storm wind, tempest, gale, i.e., a strong wind that can be blowing straight or whirling (Job 21:18; 27:20; 37:9; Ps 83:16[EB 15]; Pr 1:27; 10:25; Isa 5:28; 17:13; 21:1; 29:6; 66:15; Jer 4:13; Hos 8:7; Am 1:14; Na 1:3+)

6071 II. סוּפָה (sû·p̄ā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5492; TWOT 1478b—LN 93-place (loc.) Suphah: an unknown place (Nu 21:14+)

סוֹפֵר (sô·p̄ēr) BDB: see 6221

6072 סוֹפֶרֶת (sô·p̄ě·rěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5618;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sophereth: ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ne 7:57+), note: see also 2191

סור (swr): see 6073

6073 I. סוּר (sûr): v.; ≡ Str 3249, 5493;—1. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) go/come, turn aside, i.e., make linear movement in a direction, with a focus that there is a change in direction from a course or path (Ex 3:3); 2. LN 15.165–15.186 (qal) remove, i.e., cause linear movement of an object to another place, any distance (Ex 25:15; 1Ki 20:41); (polel) drag off (La 3:11+); (hif) remove (2Ki 16:17); (hof) be removed (Lev 4:31, 35; 1Sa 21:7[EB 6]+); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) remove, get rid of, stop, vanish, i.e., cause a state to cease to exist (2Ki 10:29; Pr 27:22); (hif) remove (1Sa 17:26); (hof) abolish, be no longer (Isa 17:1; Da 12:11+); 4. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) depart, leave, i.e., make linear movement away from an object (Isa 52:11); (hif) leave (2Ch 33:8); 5. LN 49 (hif) take off, i.e., remove clothing or accessories (Ge 38:14, 19; 41:42); 6. LN 34.40–34.41 (qal) turn away, forsake, desert, i.e., to no longer be in an association (Dt 11:6; Isa 7:17); (qal pass.) rejected (Isa 49:21); (hif) cause to forsake (Dt 7:4); 7. LN 19.14–19.26 (hif) cut off, formally, remove, i.e., cut off an object from its source, with a focus on the removal of the object (Lev 3:9; 1Sa 17:46), note: Jer 17:13; Isa 49:21, for another parsing as an a, see 6074; note: for Job 19:9 cj hif, see 5192; see also 8462

6074 II. סוּר (sûr): adj. [BDB: qal pass.ptcp.masc.pl.cs. of 6073]; ≡ Str 5494; TWOT 1480—LN 43 corrupt, degenerate, i.e., pertaining to what is untrained or unpruned and so of little or no value (Jer 2:21+), note: others reconfigure existing consonants in the verse, and cj 6076; note: some parse Jer 17:13; Isa 49:21 as qal pass. ptcp., see 6073; note: some translate as n.masc. “tendril,” see also domain LN 3.47–3.59

6075 III. סוּר (sûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5495;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sur: gate of the temple, and the area around it (2Ki 11:6+)

סוּרָה (sû·rā(h)): adj.—see 6073, 6074

6076 סוֹרִי (sô·rî): adj. [oth 6074]; ≡ Str 5494; TWOT 1480—LN 79.45–79.47 stinking, foul-smelling, i.e., pertaining to an unpleasant odor (Jer 2:21 cj+), note: for another interp, see 6074

סות (swt): see 6077

6077 I. סוּת (sûṯ): v.; ≡ Str 5496; TWOT 1481—LN 33.299–33.306 (hif) urge, incite, i.e., speak in a way that encourages a certain behavior, implying a causation (Dt 13:7[EB 6]; Jos 15:18; Jdg 1:14; 1Sa 26:19; 2Sa 24:1; 1Ki 21:25; 2Ki 18:32; 1Ch 21:1; 2Ch 18:2, 31; 32:11, 15; Job 2:3; 36:16, 18; Isa 36:18; Jer 38:22; 43:3+), note: when the urging is to sin or a misleading statement, see also domain LN 88.289–88.318

6078 II. סוּת (sûṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5497; TWOT 1472a—LN 6.152–6.187 garment, robe, tunic, i.e., a piece of clothing (Ge 49:11+), note: in context likely a work garment

סחב (sḥb): see 6079

6079 סָחַב (sā·ḥǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 5498; TWOT 1482—LN 15.212–15.214 (qal) drag away, i.e., to grasp and pull an object to another area, often with a focus on destruction or oppression of that object (2Sa 17:13; Jer 15:3; 22:19; 49:20; 50:45+)

6080 סְחָבָה (seḥā·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5499; TWOT 1482a—LN 6.152–6.187 (pl.) rags, clouts, i.e., tattered clothes as waste cloth, whose function changes to one of padding, absorbing, etc. (Jer 38:11, 12+)

סחה (sḥh): see 6081

6081 סָחָה (sā·ḥā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5500; TWOT 1483—LN 20.31–20.60 (piel pf.) scrape away, sweep away, a motion used to remove material from an area usually with a tool, with a focus on cleaning an outdoor area to ground floor, as an act. of destruction (Eze 26:4+)

6082 סְחִי (seḥî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5501; TWOT 1483a—LN 79.48–79.56 scum, refuse, i.e., trash that is swept up, of little or no value (La 3:45+), note: the reference to a people of low status, see also domain LN 87.58–87.75

6083 סְחִיפָה (seḥî·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.—LN 14.10–14.14 downpour, i.e., the event of a very heavy rain, which then leads to torrents of water on the ground (Job 14:19 cj+), note: for MT text, see 6207

6084 סָחִישׁ (sā·ḥîš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7823; TWOT 1484—LN 3.13–3.32 volunteer plant, i.e., a grain plant that shoots up on its own in the second year (2Ki 19:29+), see also 8826

סחף (sḥp): see 6085

6085 סָחַף (sā·ḥǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5502; TWOT 1485—1. LN 16 (qal ptcp.) lay prostrate, i.e., the act. of laying horizontal to the ground (Pr 28:3+); 2. LN 14.10–14.14 (qal ptcp.) unit: מָטָר סָחַף (mā·ṭār sā·ḥǎp̄) very hard rain, formally, prostrating rain, i.e., a rain hard enough to flatten the plants in the field (Pr 28:3+); 3. LN 39.52–39.61 (nif pf.) be defeated, formally, be laid low, i.e., conquered by another (Jer 46:15+), note: for another interp and text change, see 2900

סחר (sḥr): see 6086

6086 סָחַר (sā·ḥǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5503, 5505; TWOT 1486a—1. LN 57.189–57.208 (qal) be a trader, be a merchant, i.e., buy, sell, and trade goods (Ge 34:10, 21; 42:34; Isa 47:15+), note: for qal act. ptcp. as a noun, see 6086.5; 2. LN 16 (pealal) pound, throb, i.e., the palpitation of heart as a non-linear movement, with the associative meaning of anxiety, fear, or over-exertion (Ps 38:11[EB 10]+), see also domain LN 25.223–25.250; 3. LN 15.18–15.26 (qal) go travel, formally, be a merchant, i.e., make linear movement to another area as a figurative extension of the travel movements of a trader (Jer 14:18)

סֹחֵר (sō·ḥēr): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 6086]; ≡ Str 5503, 5505;—1. LN 57.189–57.208 merchant, trader, i.e., one who buys, sells and barters goods (Ge 23:16; 37:28; 1Ki 10:28; 2Ch 1:16; 9:14; Pr 31:14; Isa 23:2, 8; 47:15; Eze 27:21b, 36; 38:13+), see also 6090; 2. LN 57.186–57.188 unit: סָחַר יָד (sā·ḥǎr yāḏ) customer, formally, trade of the hand, i.e., the buyer of one’s merchandise (Eze 27:21 a+)

6087 סַחַר (sǎ·ḥǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5504; TWOT 1486a—1. LN 57.189–57.208 profit, gain, i.e., money or possessions gained by means of trade and business (Pr 3:14; Isa 23:18+); 2. LN 57.189–57.208 trade, i.e., the act. of doing business by exchange of goods and products (Pr 31:18; Isa 45:14+); 3. LN 57.1–57.21 merchandise, i.e., products or goods owned by one and sold or exchanged as an act. of business (Isa 23:3+), note: also 1Ki 10:15 cj

6088 סְחֹרָה (seḥō·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5506; TWOT 1486b—1. LN 57.189–57.208 region of trade, i.e., a sales territory for merchandise (Eze 27:15+); 2. LN 57.189–57.208 unit: סְחֹרָה יָד (seḥō·rā(h) yāḏ) trading agent, i.e., a nation or person that one does trading business, in a cartel or business group (Eze 27:15+)

6089 סֹחֵרָה (sō·ḥē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5507; TWOT 1486c—1. LN 7.59–7.62 rampart, bulwark, wall, i.e., a defensive wall that protects a defender (Ps 91:4+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.29–6.40 buckler, i.e., a small defensive shield (Ps 91:4+)

6090 סֹחֶרֶת (sō·ḥě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5508; TWOT 1486e—1. LN 2.29–2.48 costly stone, i.e., a precious mineral stone, though specific, is not currently known (Est 1:6+); 2. LN 57.189–57.208 merchant, trader, i.e., one who buys, sells and barters goods (Eze 27:12, 16, 18+), see also 6086, 6086.5

6091 סֵט (sēṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7750; TWOT 2240—LN 39.34–39.41 rebel, insurgent, formally, one who turns aside, i.e., one in open defiance of authority, a condition of one faithless to a person or principles (Ps 101:3+), see also 8473

סֹטַי (sō·ṭǎy) BDB: see 6055 (Ezr 2:55+)

סֵטִים (sē·ṭîm) BDB: see 6091

6092 סִיג (sîḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5509; TWOT 1469a—LN 2.49–2.62 impurity, dross, i.e., a foreign particle in a physical mass of metal, of relatively no value (Ps 119:119; Pr 25:4; 26:23; Isa 1:22, 25; Eze 22:18,19+), note: for NIV text in Pr 26:23, see 6213

6093 סִיד (sîḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7875; TWOT 2254a—LN 2.14–2.28 lime, i.e., a form of calcium carbonate, ground in powder and used in construction and chalk-marking, and other various uses (Job 13:27+), note: for MT text, see 6040

6094 סִיוָן (sî·wān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5510; TWOT 1487—LN 67.163–67.200 (month of calendar) Sivan: the 3rd month of the Babylonian calendar, now known as May-June (Est 8:9+)

6095 סִיחוֹן (sî·ḥôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5511;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sihon: Amorite king of Heshbon (Nu 21:21, 23,26, 27, 28, 29, 34; 32:33; Dt 1:4; 2:24, 26, 30, 31, 32; 3:2, 6; 4:46; 29:6[EB 7]; 31:4; Jos 2:10; 9:10; 12:2, 5; 13:10, 21,27; Jdg 11:19, 20,21; 1Ki 4:19; Ne 9:22; Ps 135:11; 136:19; Jer 48:45+)

סִיחֹן (sî·ḥōn) BDB: see 6095

6096 I. סִין (sîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5512;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sin (Pelusium NIV): NE frontier fortress town of Egypt (Eze 30:15, 16+)

6097 II. סִין (sîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5512;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sin: desert area between Elim and Sinai (Ex 16:1; 17:1; Nu 33:11, 12+)

6098 סִינִי (sî·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5513;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Sinite: a Canaanite people, possibly pertaining to a Phoenician coastal town (Ge 10:17; 1Ch 1:15+)

6099 סִינַי (sî·nǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5514; TWOT 1488—LN 93-place (a mountain) Sinai: specific peak or mount in the Desert of Sinai, many possibly sites proposed (Ex 16:1; 19:1, 2, 11, 18, 20, 23; 24:16; 31:18; 34:2, 4, 29, 32; Lev 7:38; 25:1; 26:46; 27:34; Nu 1:1, 19; 3:1, 4, 14; 9:1, 5; 10:12; 26:64; 28:6; 33:15, 16; Dt 33:2; Jdg 5:5; Ne 9:13; Ps 68:9[EB 8],18[EB 17]+), see also 2998, 7000

6100 סִינִים (sî·nîm): n.pr. [BDB: gent.pl.]; ≡ Str 5515;—LN 93-place (terr) Sinim: an area to the south, possibly same as the Aswan area of Egypt (Isa 49:12+), note: for NIV text see 6059; note: some identify this with the Chinese, Persian, Indian and other suggestions

6101 סִיס (sîs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5483; TWOT 1476—LN 4.1–4.37 bird, a small migratory bird, i.e., a swallow or swift of the family Hirundinidae or Apodidae or genus Apus (Isa 38:14 cj; Jer 8:7 Q+), note: for MT text in Isaiah, see also 6062

6102 סִיסְרָא (sî·serā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5516;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sisera: 1. Canaanite commander in time of judgess Deborah (Jdg 4:2–5:30 passim; 1Sa 12:9; Ps 83:10[EB 9]+) 2. ancestor of some temple servants (Ezr 2:53; Ne 7:55+)

6103 סִיעָא (sî·ʿā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5517;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sia: ancestor of some returnees with Zerubabel (Ne 7:47+), see also 6104

6104 סִיעֲהָא (sî·ʿǎhā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5517;—LN 93-pers. (male) Siaha: ancestor of some returnees with Zerubabel (Ezr 2:44+), see also 6103

6105 סִיר (sîr): n.masc. and fem.; ≡ Str 5518; TWOT 1489, 1490—1. LN 6.118–6.151 pot, kettle, boiling caldron, i.e., a metal pot which can withstand and hold heat (Ex 16:3; 27:3; 38:3; 1Ki 7:45; 2Ki 4:38, 39, 40, 41; 25:14; 2Ch 4:11, 16; 35:13; Job 41:23[EB 31]; Ps 58:10[EB 9]; Ecc 7:6; Jer 1:13; 52:18, 19; Eze 11:3, 7, 11; 24:3, 6; Mic 3:3; Zec 14:20, 21+); 2. LN 6.118–6.151 unit: סִיר רַחַץ (sîr rǎ·ḥǎṣ) washbasin, kettle of washing, i.e., with a focus on the commonness and uncleanness of such a vessel (Ps 60:10[EB 8]; 108:10[EB 9]+)

סִיר (sîr)[2] BDB, Lisowsky: see 6106

6106 סִירָה (sî·rā(h)): n.masc. and fem.; ≡ Str 5518; TWOT 1489—1. LN 3.13–3.32 thornbush, i.e., a plant characterized as having thorns and so painful to encounter (Ecc 7:6; Isa 34:13; Hos 2:8[EB 6]; Na 1:10+); 2. LN 6.10–6.13 unit: סִירָה דּוּגָה (sî·rā(h) dû·ḡā(h)) fishing hook, formally, thorn of fishing, i.e., a hook or possibly a fishing-pike (spear), as a figurative extension of capture (Am 4:2+), see also domain LN 55.23–55.25

6107 סָךְ (sāḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5519; TWOT 1492c—LN 11.1–11.11 multitude, throng, crowd, i.e., a group of persons in a procession (Ps 42:5[EB 4]+)

6108 סֹךְ (sōḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5520; TWOT 1492d—LN 85.67–85.85 dwelling place, i.e., the place one dwells, whether animal or human (Ps 10:9; 27:5; 76:3[EB 2]; Jer 25:38+), note: when an animal the ety. suggests a “thicket” or “heavy intertwined cover.”

6109 סֻכָּה (sǔk·kā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5521; TWOT 1492d—1. LN 85.67–85.85 dwelling place, shelter, i.e., housing of various shapes and sizes, with a special focus on where one dwells, as booths, huts, tents, etc. (Ge 33:17; Job 36:39; 38:40+), note: when an animal the ety. suggests a “thicket” or “heavy intertwined cover.”; note: for MT text in Am 5:26, see 6110; 2. LN 51 unit: חַג הַ־ סֻכָּה (ḥǎḡ hǎ- sǔk·kā(h)) Feast of Tabernacles, i.e., a seven day festival (Lev 23:34); 3. LN 6.152–6.187 covering, canopy, i.e., a screen mesh covering of some kind (2Sa 22:12; Ps 18:12[EB 11])

6110 סִכּוּת (sik·kûṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5522; TWOT 1491—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Sikkuth or Sakkuth: an Assyrian god (Am 5:26+), note: for NIV text in Am 5:26, see 6109

6111 סֻכּוֹת (sǔk·kôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5523; TWOT 1492e—LN 93-place (loc.) Succoth: 1. town in tribal area of Gad, (Ge 33:17; Jos 13:27; Jdg 8:5–16 passim; 1Ki 7:46; 2Ch 4:17; Ps 60:8[EB 6]; 108:8[EB 7]+) 2. stopping place on route from Egypt (Ex 12:37; 13:20; Nu 33:5, 6+)

6112 סֻכּוֹת בְּנוֹת (sǔk·kôṯ benôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5524;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Succoth Benoth: a localized pagan god, or possibly a pagan Babylonian god (2Ki 17:30+), note: see BHS ftn cj “Marduk-Zirbanit”

6113 סֻכִּיִּים (sǔk·kiy·yîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5525;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Sukkites: likely, a people from Libya (2Ch 12:3+)

סְכִים (seḵîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5525;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sekim: part of a compound name, Nebo-Sarsekim, see 5552

סכךְ (skk) KB, Lisowsky: see 6114, 6115

סכךְ (skk)[1] Holladay: see 6114

סכךְ (skk)[2] Holladay: see 6115

6114 I. סָכַךְ (sā·ḵǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 5526; TWOT 1475—1. LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) cover, overshadow, i.e., to place one object over another (either horizontal or vertical), either with direct contact, or indirect covering (Ex 25:20; 37:9; 40:3; 1Ki 8:7; 1Ch 28:18; Job 3:23; 40:22; Ps 140:8[EB 7]; La 3:44; Eze 28:14, 16+), note: see also 8503; note: there is a wide range of associative meanings of security, protection, guarding, or keeping an object secret or mysterious, or occasionally confinement; (hif) cover, shield (Ex 40:21; Job 38:8; Ps 5:12[EB 11]; 91:4+); 2. LN 13.1–13.47 (hif) clothe, arm, formally, cover, i.e., be in an active state, implying an intense action to follow, as a figurative extension of putting on a covering or clothing (La 3:43+); 3. LN 8.70–8.77 unit: (hif) סָכַךְ אֵת רֶגֶל (sā·ḵǎḵ ʾēṯ rě·ḡěl) relieve oneself, formally, cover the feet, i.e., to defecate (Jdg 3:24; 1Sa 24:4[EB 3]+), see also domain LN 23; note: some parse La 3:43 as 6115, and translate “arm oneself;” note: some give lexical form in Job 3:23; 38:8 as 6058

6115 II. סָכַךְ (sā·ḵǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 5526; TWOT 1475—LN 23.188–23.196 (qal) grow, form, formally, knit together, i.e., cause a biological body to form and grow, with a focus on the structure of the body, as a figurative extension of weaving together a piece of cloth with yarn or thread (Ps 139:13+); (polel) knit together (Job 10:11+)

6116 סֹכֵךְ (sō·ḵēḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5526; TWOT 1475—LN 6.29–6.40 portable roof, mantelet, i.e., a protective shield or structure used as a barricade for attackers protection as they are on the offensive at a defending wall (Na 2:6[EB 5]+)

6117 סְכָכָה (seḵā·ḵā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5527;—LN 93-place (loc.) Secacah: town in Judah (Jos 15:61+)

סכל (skl): see 6118

6118 סָכַל (sā·ḵǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5528; TWOT 1493—LN 32.42–32.61 (nif) be foolish, i.e., be in a state of having a lack of understanding, with a focus on the actions which demonstrate foolishness, implying that a standard or law has been violated (1Sa 13:13; 2Sa 24:10; 1Ch 21:8; 2Ch 16:9+); (piel) turn into foolishness (2Sa 15:31; Isa 44:25+); (hif) act. like a fool (Ge 31:28; 1Sa 26:21+), see also domain LN 88.289–88.318

6119 סָכָל (sā·ḵāl): n.masc. [see also 6119.5]; ≡ Str 5530; TWOT 1493a—LN 32.42–32.61 fool, i.e., one senseless and stupid and lacking understanding, often implying a moral failure (Ecc 2:19; 7:17; 10:3,14+)

סָכָל (sā·ḵāl): adj. [see also 6119]; ≡ Str 5530; TWOT 1493a—LN 32.42–32.61 foolish, i.e., pertaining to being senseless and stupid and lacking understanding, often implying a moral failure (Jer 4:22; Jer 5:21+)

6120 סֶכֶל (sě·ḵěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5529; TWOT 1493b—LN 32.42–32.61 fool, i.e., one senseless and stupid and lacking understanding, often implying a moral failure (Ecc 10:6+)

6121 סִכְלוּת (siḵ·lûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5531; TWOT 1493c, 1493d—LN 32.42–32.61 folly, foolishness, i.e., that which lacks prudence, wisdom, and insight, showing a lack of understanding (Ecc 2:3, 12, 13; 7:25; 10:1, 13+), see also 8508

I. סכן (skn): see 6122, 6124

II. סכן (skn): see 6123

6122 I. סָכַן (sā·ḵǎn): v.; ≡ Str 5532; TWOT 1494—1. LN 65.30–65.39 (qal) be of use, benefit, profit, i.e., have a valid use or function, implying a value (Job 15:3; 22:2; 34:9; 35:3+); 2. LN 41.25–41.28 (hif) be accustomed, be in the habit, i.e., do an activity as an ongoing pattern of behavior (Nu 22:30+); 3. LN 27.1–27.26 (hif) be familiar with, i.e., have knowledge of an object which is relatively intimate, with a focus that this information includes customs and patterns of behavior of an object (Ps 139:3+); 4. LN 34.1–34.21 (hif) have relationship, get along well with, have a proper association between two persons, implying that the two parties have knowledge of how to properly join in that association (Job 22:21+), note: NIV translates “submit” apparently the proper conclusion of how to have a proper relationship with God

6123 II. סָכַן (sā·ḵǎn): v.; ≡ Str 5533; TWOT 1495—LN 57.49–57.54 (pual ptcp.) be poor, impoverished, i.e., pertaining to a person not having the financial ability to make a viable livelihood (Isa 40:20+)

6124 III. סָכַן (sā·ḵǎn): v.; ≡ Str 5533; TWOT 1495—LN 22.1–22.14 (nif impf.) be endangered, i.e., be in a state where harm might come to someone (Ecc 10:9+)

6125 סֹכֵן (sō·ḵēn): n.masc. [BDB: qal act.ptcp.masc.] [see also 6125.5]; ≡ Str 5532; TWOT 1494—LN 35.19–35.30 steward, male attendant, i.e., one who gives service to a superior, as an extension of the meaning to be useful or of value to someone (Isa 22:15+)

סֹכֶנֶת (sō·ḵě·něṯ): n.fem. [BDB: qal act.ptcp.fem.] [served by 6125]; ≡ Str 5532; TWOT 1494—LN 35.36–35.46 nurse, stewardess, female attendant, i.e., one who gives service and care to a superior, as an extension of the meaning to be useful or of value to someone (1Ki 1:2, 4+)

סכסךְ (sksk): see 6056

סִכְסֵךְ (siḵ·sēḵ) BDB: see 6056

I. סכר (skr): see 6126

סכר (skr)[2] Holladay: see 6127; see 6128 KB, Lisowsky

סכר (skr)[3] Holladay: see 6128

6126 I. סָכַר (sā·ḵǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5534; TWOT 1497, 1498—1. LN 79.110–79.113 (nif impf.) be closed, i.e., pertaining to being shut, and so be the causative agent, so as to impede movement of people or masses between two areas (Ge 8:2+); 2. LN 33.117–33.125 (nif impf.) be silenced, stop speaking, i.e., to say nothing (Ps 63:12[EB 11]+)

6127 II. סָכַר (sā·ḵǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5534; TWOT 1497—LN 57.71–57.124 (piel pf.) hand over, deliver to, i.e., give some one or thing over to another authority (Isa 19:4+)

6128 III. סָכַר (sā·ḵǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7936; TWOT 1498—LN 57.172–57.177 (qal ptcp.) bribe, i.e., hire a person to influence an outcome of a situation (Ezr 4:5+)

סכת (skt): see 6129

6129 סָכַת (sā·ḵǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 5535; TWOT 1499—LN 33.117–33.125 (hif imv.) be silent, i.e., to stop speaking and say nothing, implying that there should also not be any making of noise caused by any kind of movement (Dt 27:9+)

6130 סַל (sǎl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5536; TWOT 1507a—LN 6.118–6.151 basket, i.e., a container likely made of interwoven materials (Ge 40:16, 17,18; Ex 29:3,23, 32; Lev 8:2, 26, 31; Nu 6:15, 17, 19; Jdg 6:19+), note: in context a basket small enough to carry grain or meat products on the head or shoulders

סלא (slʾ): see 6131

6131 סָלָא (sā·lā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 5537; TWOT 1500—1. LN 86.1–86.3 (pual ptcp.) be weighed, i.e., pertaining to asserting a certain heaviness by comparison to another thing (La 4:2+); 2. LN 65.1–65.16 (pual ptcp.) unit: הַ־ סָלָא בְּ־ הַ־ פַּז (hǎ- sā·lā(ʾ) b- hǎ- pǎz) of very great value, formally, be weighed against gold, i.e., to be precious and highly esteemed value, and so of great worth (La 4:2+)

6132 סַלֻּא (sǎl·lǔ(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5543;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sallu: of Benjamin (1Ch 9:7; Ne 11:7+)

6133 סִלָּא (sil·lā(ʾ)): n.pr. [Holladay: or N.PERS.]; ≡ Str 5538;—LN 93-place (loc.) Silla: place likely in the vicinity of Jerusalem (2Ki 12:21[EB 20]+)

סלד (sld): see 6134

6134 סָלַד (sā·lǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 5539; TWOT 1501—1. LN 25.116–25.134 (piel impf.) skip for joy, be joyful, i.e., be in a joyful state (Job 6:10+), note: for a domain emphasizing the motion of jumping, see LN 15.238–15.243; note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 24.77–24.94 (piel impf.) recoil, be spastic, i.e., make an involuntary movement of body from excruciating pain (Job 6:10+), note: for this to be the interp the phrase would be parenthetical, introducing the next clause

6135 סֶלֶד (sě·lěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5540;—LN 93-pers. (male) Seled: of Judah by Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:30+)

I. סלה (slh): see 6136

II. סלה (slh): see 6137

6136 I. סָלָה (sā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5541; TWOT 1502, 1503—LN 34.22–34.30 (qal pf. 2ms.) reject, i.e., repudiate an existing relationship as a figurative extension of the motion of tossing aside something, implying a low opinion of the person rejected (Ps 119:118+); (piel pf. 3ms.) reject (La 1:15+), see also domain LN 34.40–34.41

6137 II. סָלָה (sā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5541; TWOT 1502—LN 57.186–57.188 (pual impf. 3fs.) be bought, be paid for, i.e., the acquiring something as a possession (Job 28:16, 19+)

6138 סֶלָה (sě·lā(h)): adv. [BDB: v.]; ≡ Str 5542; TWOT 1506a—LN 14.74–14.86 (most versions) Selah: an unknown musical or liturgical marker (Ps 3:3[EB 2]-143:6 passim); Hab 3:3, 9, 13+, note: (NJB) translates “pause”; note: (NAB) uses apparently as a stanza marker, translating as roman numerals; for more discussion, see WBC19:76

6139 סַלּוּ (sǎl·lû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5543;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sallu: priest in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 12:7+), note: for MT text in 12:20, see also 6144

סַלּוּא (sǎl·lû(ʾ)) BDB: see 6132

6140 סָלוּא (sā·lû(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5543;—LN 93-pers. (male) Salu: father of Zimri (Nu 25:14+)

סַלּוֹן (sǎl·lôn) BDB: see 6141 (Eze 2:6+)

6141 סִלּוֹן (sil·lôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5544; TWOT 1504—LN 3.13–3.32 brier, thorn plant, prickly plant, i.e., a plant with woody, sharp tines which can pierce the skin(Eze 2:6; 28:24+)

סלח (slḥ): see 6142

6142 סָלַח (sā·lǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5545; TWOT 1505—LN 40.8–40.13 (qal) forgive, release, pardon, i.e., remove guilt associated with a moral sin or wrongdoing associated with ritual or vows (Ex 34:9; Nu 14:19, 20; 30:6[EB 5],9[EB 8],13[EB 12]; Dt 29:19[EB 20]; 1Ki 8:30, 34, 36, 39, 50; 2Ki 5:18; 24:4; 2Ch 6:21, 25, 27, 30, 39; 7:14; Ps 25:11; 103:3; Isa 55:7; Jer 5:1, 7; 31:34; 33:8; 36:3; 50:20; La 3:42; Da 9:19; Am 7:2+); (nif) be forgiven (Lev 4:20, 26, 31, 35; 5:10, 13, 16, 18, 26[EB 6:7]; 19:22; Nu 15:25, 26, 28+)

6143 סַלָּח (sǎl·lāḥ): adj.; ≡ Str 5546; TWOT 1505a—LN 40.8–40.13 forgiving, i.e., pertaining to being ready to forgive or pardon guilt and restore relationship (Ps 86:5+)

6144 סַלַּי (sǎl·lǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5543;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sallai: 1. of Benjamin (Ne 11:8+) 2. priest in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 12:20+), note: for NIV text, see 6139

6145 סְלִיחָה (selî·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5547; TWOT 1505b—LN 40.8–40.13 forgiveness, pardon, i.e., the removal of guilt from wrong-doing (Ne 9:17; Ps 130:4; Da 9:9+)

6146 סַלְכָה (sǎl·ḵā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5548;—LN 93-place (loc.) Salecah: town of Gad in the eastern part of Bashan, (Dt 3:10; Jos 12:5; 13:11; 1Ch 5:11+)

סלל (sll) KB, Lisowsky: see 6147, 6148

סלל (sll)[1] Holladay: see 6147

סלל (sll)[2] Holladay: see 6148

6147 I. סָלַל (sā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5549; TWOT 1506—1. LN 87.19–87.57 (pilpel) esteem, cherish, formally, pile high, i.e., give honor and high status to an object or entity, with an implication of personal involvement of the subject, as a figurative extension of piling high a mound of objects (Pr 4:8+); 2. LN 88.206–88.222 (hitpolel) behave haughtily, insolently, formally, pile oneself high, i.e., act. in a pretentious manner, showing arrogance and pride, as a figurative extension of elevating oneself (Ex 9:17+)

6148 II. סָלַל (sā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5549; TWOT 1506—1. LN 16 (qal) build up, heap up, i.e., a non-linear motion of piling up a collection or mass to a higher elevation (Job 19:12; 30:12; Isa 57:14; 62:10; Jer 50:26+), note: this action is to build ramps or paths of various kinds; (qal pass.) be built up, be a highway (Pr 15:19; Jer 18:15+); 2. LN 33.354–33.364 (qal) extol, praise, i.e., speak words which elevate the status of an individual, as a figurative extension of piling up objects and so making a higher elevation (Ps 68:5[EB 4]+)

סֹלֲלָה (sō·lǎlā(h)) Lisowsky: see 6149

6149 סֹלְלָה (sō·lelā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5550; TWOT 1506b—LN 6.29–6.40 siege ramp, siege mound, i.e., a rampart or elevated embankment built against a defensive wall as part of siege-wall warfare (2Sa 20:15; 2Ki 19:32; Isa 37:33; Jer 6:6; 32:24; 33:4; Eze 4:2; 17:17; 21:27[EB 22]; 26:8; Da 11:15+)

6150 סֻלָּם (sǔl·lām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5551; TWOT 1506c—LN 7.26–7.53 ascending structure, i.e., a stairway or ladder as a connector between two levels of a structure (Ge 28:12+)

6151 סַלְסִלָּה (sǎl·sil·lā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 5552; TWOT 1507b—LN 3.47–3.59 (most versions) vine branch, i.e., the part of vine stems that holds the fruit (Jer 6:9+); note: (NAB) translates “tendrils” as the coiling, attaching part of the vine stem; note: (KJV, ASV) “basket” along with some ancient versions

6152 I. סֶלַע (sě·lǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5553; TWOT 1508a—1. LN 2.14–2.28 stone, i.e., earthen material generally made of cooled volcanic material, with a special focus on the hardness of it (Jer 5:3); 2. LN 1.46–1.50 cliff, crag, i.e., a relatively large elevated section of rock as compared to a stone (of a size to be picked up), and easy to hide in its clefts (2Ch 25:12), note: in Isa 42:11 some parse as n.pr., see 6153; 3. LN 2.14–2.28 rock, boulder, i.e., a large piece of stone, big enough to lay large objects upon (Jdg 6:20; Jer 23:29); 4. LN 85.67–85.85 stronghold, formally, rock, i.e., a place where one resides as a hiding or defensive position (Isa 31:9); 5. LN 12.1–12.42 Rock, i.e., a title of a supernatural being (Ps 42:10[EB 9]+); 6. LN 4.1–4.37 unit: יָעֵל סֶלַע (yā·ʿēl sě·lǎʿ)1 mountain goat, a wild goat or Ibex, i.e., an animal of the Capra family, with a focus on its inaccessibility for observation (Job 39:1)

6153 II. סֶלַע (sě·lǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5554;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sela: 1. place in Edom, also known as Petra (2Ki 14:7; Isa 42:11+), see also 3706(2.) 2. place on the border between Judah and the Amorites (Jdg 1:36+), note: possibly same as 1. 3. place in Moab (Isa 16:1+), note: possibly same as 1.; also, a part of a compound name, Sela Hammahlekoth, see 6154, note: in Isa 42:11 some parse as common noun, see 6152

6154 סֶלַע הַמַּחְלְקוֹת (sě·lǎʿ hǎm·mǎḥ·leqôṯ): n.pr. [oth 6152 + 4712]; ≡ Str 5555;—LN 93-place (loc.) (NIV) Sela Hammahlekoth: place possibly E or SE of Maon (1Sa 23:28+), note: KJV, “Selahammahlekoth;” ASV, “Sela-hammahlekoth;” NKJV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, “Rock of Escape;” Tanakh, “Rock of Separation;” NEB, REB, “Dividing Rock;” NAB, “Gorge of Divisions;” NJB, “Gorge of Separations”

6155 סָלְעָם (sāl·ʿām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5556; TWOT 1509—LN 4.47–4.50 locust, i.e., ceremonially clean insect, so eatable: a swarming locust of some kind or stage (Lev 11:22+), note: ASV, KJV, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh, “bald locust;” NASB, NKJV, “devastating locust;” NEB, REB, “long-headed locust;” NJB, “Solham locust;” NIV, “katydid;” NAB, “grasshopper.”

סלף (slp): see 6156

6156 סָלַף (sā·lǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5557; TWOT 1510—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (piel) overthrow, ruin, destroy, i.e., be in an intense state of destruction and ruin to a life, implying unfavorable circumstance to that person or object (Job 12:19; Pr 13:6; 19:3; 21:12; 22:12+); 2. LN 33.262–33.273 unit: (piel) סָלַף דָּבָר (sā·lǎp̄ dā·ḇār) provide improper testimony, formally, twist testimony, i.e., speak improper or false words when testifying as a witness (Ex 23:8; Dt 16:19+)

6157 סֶלֶף (sě·lěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5558; TWOT 1510a—1. LN 33.251–33.255 falsehood, deceit, i.e., spoken words that are crooked and perverted from the truth and so false (Pr 15:4+); 2. LN 72.1–72.11 duplicity, i.e., what is essentially false, with a focus on lack of integrity in a person (Pr 11:3+)

סלק (slq): see 6158

6158 סָלַק (sā·lǎq): v.; ≡ Str 5927; TWOT 1624—LN 15.101–15.106 (qal) ascend, go up, i.e., make a linear motion of ascent (Ps 139:8+), note: see also 5826

סָלֵק (sā·lēq) BDB: see 6158

6159 סֹלֶת (sō·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5560; TWOT 1512—LN 5.1–5.22 wheat bread flour, fine-ground groats, i.e., grain crushed into powder, with the hulls removed, using only the inner grain kernel (Ge 18:6), note: this is distinguished from “meal” which include whole grain

6160 סַם (sǎm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5561; TWOT 1516a—LN 6.205–6.212 unit: קְטֹרֶת סַם (qeṭō·rěṯ sǎm) special perfume, formally, spice of incense, i.e., a spice or aromatic paste formula for a special incense formula (Ex 25:6; 30:7, 34; 31:11; 35:8, 15, 28; 37:29; 39:38; 40:27; Lev 4:7; 16:12; Nu 4:16; 2Ch 2:3[EB 4]; 13:11+), note: though ingredients are not known, it is distinguished from 4247

6161 סַמְגַּר (sǎm·gǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5562;—LN 93-pers. (male) Samgar: part of compound name Samgar-Nebo, see 6162

6162 סַמְגַּר־נְבוֹ (sǎm·gǎr-·neḇô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5562;—LN 93-pers. (male) Samgar-Nebo: MT connected form of Babylonian official, possibly a title (Jer 39:3+), note: NIV separates and combines “nebo” to the next word

6163 סְמָדַר (semā·ḏǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5563; TWOT 1513—LN 3.13–3.32 grape blossom, i.e., open bloom of a vine plant, as a non-fruit part of a plant (SS 2:13, 15; 7:13[EB 12]+)

סְמָדֵר (semā·ḏēr) BDB: see 6163

סמךְ (smk): see 6164

6164 סָמַךְ (sā·mǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 5564; TWOT 1514—1. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) sustain, uphold, support, i.e., cause a state to continue, with a focus that whatever is necessary to remain in that state is given, including a maintaining power (Ps 3:6[EB 5]; 37:17, 24; 51:14[EB 12]; 54:6[EB 4]; 119:116; 145:14; Isa 59:16; 63:5+); (qal pass.) be steadfast (Ps 111:8; 112:8; Isa 26:3+), see also domain LN 76; 2. LN 85.32–85.54 (qal) lay, place, put, i.e., place an object on another object by actual touching of the two objects (Ex 29:10, 15, 19; Lev 1:4; 3:2, 8, 13; 4:4, 15, 24, 29, 33; 8:14, 18, 22; 16:21; 24:14; Nu 8:10, 12; 27:18, 23; Dt 34:9; 2Ch 29:23+), note: laying on of hands in a ritual or ceremony is a sign to show transferring/identifying with the object; 3. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) press, lie heavily, i.e., cause a state of feeling anxious or disconcerted, as an extension of laying an oppressive hand on an object (Ps 88:8[EB 7]+); 4. LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) lay siege, formally, lay hands, i.e., take up offensive positions around a city, stopping movement in and out of the city walls (Eze 24:2+); 5. LN 34.1–34.21 (qal) be an ally, formally, uphold, i.e., be in a political association which will help another country (Eze 30:6+); 6. LN 85.32–85.54 (qal) rest upon, i.e., place an object in a place, with a focus that rest will occur (Am 5:19+); (nif) lean upon, braced against, i.e., be in a stance that uses an object as a support (Jdg 16:29; 2Ki 18:21; Isa 36:6+), see also domain LN 17.29–17.33; 7. LN 23.78–23.87 (qal) sustain, rest, i.e., be in a state of physical refreshment, with the necessities for renewal of strength (Ge 27:37+); (piel) strengthen, refresh (SS 2:5+); 8. LN 31.82–31.101 (nif) rely upon, gain confidence, formally, lean upon, i.e., be a state of trust and belief in something to a great extent (2Ch 32:8; Ps 71:6; Isa 48:2+)

6165 סְמַכְיָהוּ (semǎḵ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5565;—LN 93-pers. (male) Semakiahu (Semakiah NIV): gatekeeper in David’s day (1Ch 26:7+)

6166 סֶמֶל (sě·měl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5566; TWOT 1515—LN 6.96–6.101 image, idol, i.e., something in the shape which is recognized as an idol (Dt 4:16; 2Ch 33:7, 15; Eze 8:3, 5+)

סמם (smm): see 6167

6167 סָמַם (sā·mǎm): v.—see 8531 (hif) (2Ki 9:30+)

סמן (smn): see 6168

6168 סָמַן (sā·mǎn): v.; ≡ Str 5567; TWOT 1517—LN 43 (nif ptcp.) be seeded, i.e., pertaining to planting seed, with a focus on the orderly arrangement and planning of the seed planting (Isa 28:25+), note: many sources give meaning as unexplained; note: most profitable here for meaning in this difficult verse is the study of the parallelism, counting of syllables for meter, and the “verb-object” in chiastic patterns suggests שׂוֹרָה (śô·rā(h)) as a ground surface, parallel to פָּנֶה (pā·ně(h)), so then this סָמַן (sā·mǎn) as niphal ptcp. and the counter-part שִׂים (śîm) in the phrase

סמר (smr): see 6169

6169 סָמַר (sā·mǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5568; TWOT 1518—LN 16 (qal) have goose bumps, have gooseflesh, i.e., have hair on the body bristle (whether light body-hair or head-hair), a roughness of the skin caused by erection of papillae on the skin, which is related to the hair follicle, as an involuntary movement caused by fear or cold (Ps 119:120+); (piel) have hair stand on end (Job 4:15+), note: some translate as “shudder, tremble” which would be involuntary muscle movement deeper than the surface of the skin

6170 סָמָר (sā·mār): adj.; ≡ Str 5569; TWOT 1518a—1. LN 79.95–79.96 bristling, i.e., pertaining to a short, stiff, coarse hair or filament not soft to the touch, and possibly painful to very soft tissues as the feature of an insect whisker (Jer 51:27+); 2. LN 4.47–4.50 unit: יֶלֶק סָמָר (yě·lěq sā·mār) swarming locust, formally, bristling locust, i.e., a locust that has bristles as a feature, with a focus on their being overwhelming when in a swarm (Jer 51:27+)

6171 סְנָאָה (senā·ʾā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5570; TWOT 1519—LN 93-pers. (male) Senaah: ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:35; Ne 7:38+), note: some relate to 2189, note: others see this as a place, see 6171.5

סְנָאָה (senā·ʾā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5570;—LN 93-place (loc.) Senaah: town which was the origin of some returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:35; Ne 7:38+), note: for another interp, see 6171

סְנֻאָה (senǔ·ʾā(h)): n.pr.—see 6176 (1Ch 9:7+)

6172 סַנְבַלַּט (sǎn·ḇǎl·lǎṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5571;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sanballat: governor of Samaria, antagonist of Nehemiah (Ne 2:10, 19; 3:33[EB 4:1]; 4:1[EB 7]; 6:1, 2, 5, 12, 14; 13:28+)

סַנְבַּלַּט (sǎn·bǎl·lǎṭ) BDB: see 6172

6173 סַנָּה (sǎn·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7158;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sannah: part of a compound name, Kiriath Sannah, see 7962

6174 סְנֶה (seně(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5572; TWOT 1520—LN 3.13–3.32 bush, shrub, i.e., an unknown species of shrub, possibly a thorn bush (Ex 3:2,3, 4; Dt 33:16+), note: some sources identify as a variegated blackberry bush of the Rubus genus, but this is not certain to the editor

6175 סֶנֶּה (sěn·ně(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5573;—LN 93-place (loc.) Seneh: southern of two peaks at the pass. of Micmash (1Sa 14:4+), see also 1010

6176 סְנוּאָה (senû·ʾā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5574;—LN 93-pers. (male) Senuah: part of a compound name Hassenuah, see also 2190

6177 סַנְוֵרִים (sǎn·wē·rîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5575; TWOT 1521—LN 24.1–24.51 blindness, i.e., the state or condition of not having sensory input through the eyes and so not able to see (Ge 19:11; 2Ki 6:18+), note: in the contexts this is a sudden or rapid change of state from sight to blindness

6178 סַנְחֵרִיב (sǎn·ḥē·rîḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5576;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sennacherib: king of Assyria at the time of King Hezekiah (2Ki 18:13; 19:16, 20, 36; 2Ch 32:1, 2, 9, 10, 22; Isa 36:1; 37:17, 21, 37+)

6179 סַנְסַנָּה (sǎn·sǎn·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5578;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sansannah: town in Judah near Ziklag (Jos 15:31+)

6180 סַנְסִנָּה (sǎn·sin·nā(h)): n.fem. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 5577; TWOT 1522—LN 3.33–3.46 fruit cluster of date-tree, i.e., a fruit-stalk of the date palm as the oblong edible fruit of a Palmae tree, i.e., Phoenix dactylifera (SS 7:9[EB 8]+), note: some sources give meaning as “blossom cluster” of a date palm and not the fruit, but better as “fruit”

6181 סְנַפִּיר (senǎp·pîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5579; TWOT 1523—LN 8.9–8.69 fin, i.e., an membranous appendage on a fish or aquatic animal used to propel and guide the animal in the water (Lev 11:9, 10, 12; Dt 14:9, 10+)

6182 סָס (sās): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5580; TWOT 1524—LN 4.47–4.50 garment moth, i.e., any of various night-insects with smaller wings and larger bodies than butterflies, which consumes plant matter, including clothes made from those plants, from the Lepidoptera insect family (Isa 51:8+), note: some sources translates “worm” apparently as a grub worm or maggot, a larva stage of an insect which consumes voraciously

6183 סִסְמַי (sis·mǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5581;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sismai: of Judah, a Jerahmeelite (1Ch 2:40+)

סעד (sʿd): see 6184

6184 סָעַד (sā·ʿǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 5582; TWOT 1525—1. LN 23.78–23.87 (qal) refresh, be strengthened, i.e., receive a physical renewal after expending energy, with food, rest, etc. (Ge 18:5; Jdg 19:5, 8; 1Ki 13:7; Ps 104:15+); 2. LN 23.129–23.141 (qal) be healed, formally, refresh, i.e., cause one to be physically healthy as a renewal from a state of illness (Ps 41:4[EB 3]+); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) sustain, support, uphold, i.e., cause a state to continue to exist, implying whatever is necessary to help is provided, as an extension of being provided with things that provide physical rest and refreshment (Ps 18:36[EB 35]; 20:3[EB 2]; 94:18; 119:117; Isa 9:6[EB 7]+), note: see also domain LN 35.1–35.18; 4. LN 21.9–21.13 (qal) make safe, make secure, i.e., keep one in favorable circumstance with no danger (Pr 20:28+)

סעה (sʿh): see 6185

6185 סָעָה (sā·ʿā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5584; TWOT 1526—LN 78.1–78.27 (qal ptcp. fs) rage, be furious, be fierce, i.e., pertaining to much, as to a relatively high point on a scale, as relating to the force of a wind (Ps 55:9[EB 8]+]), note: the reference is to slander and speak malicious statements, see also domain LN 33.387–33.403

6186 I. סָעִיף (sā·ʿîp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5585; TWOT 1527a—LN 1.51–1.59 cleft in rock, i.e., a fissure and split in a large rock formation, the larger cracks used as caves for hiding (Jdg 15:8, 11; Isa 2:21; 57:5+), note: the fissure can be vertical or horizontal in orientation, so the horizontal may have overhanging formations

6187 II. סָעִיף (sā·ʿîp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5585; TWOT 1527a—LN 3.47–3.59 branch, bough, i.e., a secondary extension from the trunk of a tree, which can be broken off as a stick (Isa 17:6; 27:10+)

סעף (sʿp): see 6188

6188 סָעַף (sā·ʿǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5586; TWOT 1527c—LN 19.14–19.26 (piel ptcp.) lop off, trim down, cut off, i.e., cut an object so it is separated from its source (Isa 10:33+)

סֵעֵף (sē·ʿēp̄) BDB: v.—see 6188 (Isa 10:33+)

6189 סֵעֵף (sē·ʿēp̄): adj.; ≡ Str 5588; TWOT 1527e—1. LN 73 disloyal, double-minded, i.e., pertaining to not being genuine and having divided loyalties to someone or something (Ps 119:113+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 88.139–88.143 despicable, contemptible, i.e., pertaining to being detestable to someone, with a focus on moral lawlessness, behaving without regard to a law or standard, as a figurative extension of scum or scurf on the skin (Ps 119:113+), note: cf. LXX translation

6190 סְעַפָּה (seʿǎp·pā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5589; TWOT 1527b—LN 3.47–3.59 branch, bough, i.e., a secondary extension from the trunk of a tree, large enough to hold some weight from animals (Eze 31:6, 8+)

סְעִפָּה (seʿip·pā(h)) BDB: see 6191

6191 סְעִפִּים (seʿip·pîm): n.fem. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 5587; TWOT 1527f—1. LN 6.14–6.22 crutch, i.e., a stick padded to go under the arm pit to support a weak leg, with a focus on a weakened condition (1Ki 18:21+); 2. LN 31.1–31.7 opinion, i.e., the holding of a particular view or belief, implying a course of action to follow (1Ki 18:21+)

סער (sʿr): see 6192

6192 סָעַר (sā·ʿǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5590; TWOT 1528b—1. LN 14.17–14.35 (qal) grow stormy, be rough, i.e., have a surface of a body of water become violently rough in relation to a ship on the water (Jnh 1:11, 13+), note: in these contexts with 2143, an anticipation or progression of a more and more intense state; (pual) be lashed by storms (Isa 54:11+); 2. LN 15.135–15.140 (piel) scatter with wind, swirl, i.e., cause multiple objects to move away from a common place (Zec 7:14+); (poel) scatter with wind, swirl (Hos 13:3+); 3. LN 20.1–20.11 (qal) be violent, i.e., act. in a very energetic, violent way that will harm another, as a figurative extension of the action of a violent storm as a natural weather event (Hab 3:14+); 4. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: (nif) סָעַר לֵב (sā·ʿǎr lēḇ) be enraged, formally, stormy of heart, i.e., be in a state of great displeasure, which implies a violent action will follow, as a figurative extension of an internalized violent storm as a natural weather event (2Ki 6:11+)

6193 סַעַר (sǎ·ʿǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5591; TWOT 1528—LN 14.4–14.9 storm, tempest, gale, i.e., a naturally occurring weather storm with a focus on rapid movement of air blowing (or swirling) in the storm, but may include rain and lightening, often with a focus on destructive force (Ps 55:9[EB 8]; 83:16[EB 15]; Jer 23:19; 25:32; 30:23; Am 1:14; Jnh 1:4, 12+)

6194 סְעָרָה (seʿā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5591; TWOT 1528—LN 14.4–14.9 storm, tempest, gale, i.e., a naturally occurring weather storm with a focus on rapid movement of air blowing (or swirling) in the storm, but may include rain and lightening, often with a focus on destructive force (2Ki 2:1, 11; Job 38:1; 40:6; Ps 107:25, 29; 148:8; Isa 29:6; 40:24; 41:16; Jer 23:19; 30:23; Eze 1:4; 13:11, 13; Zec 9:14+)

6195 I. סַף (sǎp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5592; TWOT 1538a, 1538b—LN 6.118–6.151 basin, bowl, i.e., a container for holding liquid (Ex 12:22; 2Sa 17:28; 1Ki 7:50; 2Ki 12:14[EB 13]; Jer 52:19; Zec 12:2+), note: in some contexts it refers to a drinking bowl, note: for another interp in 1Sa 17:28, see 6196

6196 II. סַף (sǎp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5592; TWOT 1538a—LN 6.152–6.187 covering, blanket, coverlet, i.e., a bedding made of an animal product such as wool, hide, skin, or some such (1Sa 17:28+), note: for another interp, see also 6197; note: NEB, REB, NAB, NJB, apparently all translate as a covering, yet most versions, see 6195

6197 III. סַף (sǎp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5592; TWOT 1538a—1. LN 7.26–7.53 threshold, door frame, i.e., a construction as part of a house holding a door to the house wall as an entryway to a building (Jdg 19:27; 1Ki 14:17; 2Ch 3:7); 2. LN 7.26–7.53 entrance, i.e., an area of a building that allows passage in and out of the building, with no focus on the frame construction itself (2Ki 12:10[EB 9]); 3. LN 37.119–37.126 unit: שָׁמַר הַ־ סַף (šā·mǎr hǎ- sǎp̄)3 doorkeeper, formally, one keeping the threshold, i.e., a sentry to control and limit access to an area (2Ki 22:4; 23:4; 25:18; 1Ch 9:19)

6198 IV. סַף (sǎp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5593;—LN 93-pers. (male) Saph: Philistine descendant of the giants (2Sa 21:18+), see also 6205

ספד (spd): see 6199

6199 סָפַד (sā·p̄ǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 5594; TWOT 1530—LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) mourn, lament, i.e., be in a state of sorrow, which includes outward expressions such as weeping, sobbing, and flailing, either in spontaneous emotion or in a ritualized form, see also domain LN 52 (Ge 23:2; 50:10; 1Sa 25:1; 28:3; 2Sa 1:12; 3:31; 11:26; 1Ki 13:29, 30; 14:13, 18; Ecc 3:4; 12:5; Isa 32:12; Jer 4:8; 16:5, 6; 22:18; 34:5; 49:3; Eze 24:16, 23; Joel 1:13; Mic 1:8; Zec 7:5; 12:10, 12+); (nif) be mourned (Jer 16:4; 25:33+)

סְפֹדְנָה (sep̄ō·ḏenā(h)): see 6199 (Jer 49:3+)

ספה (sph): see 6200

6200 סָפָה (sā·p̄ā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5595; TWOT 1531—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroy, bring disaster, take away a state, formally, sweep away, i.e., cause the destruction of an object, person, or state, as a figurative extension of taking an object away assumedly from a sweeping motion which raises dust (Ge 18:23, 24; Dt 29:18[EB 19]; Ps 40:15[EB 14]; 73:19; Jer 12:4+); (nif) be destroyed, be swept away (Ge 19:15, 17; Nu 16:26; 1Sa 12:25; 26:10; 27:1; 1Ch 21:12; Pr 13:23; Isa 13:15+); 2. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) take off, remove, i.e., cut off an object from its source (Isa 7:20+), note: for another parsing in Nu 32:14; Isa 30:1, see 3578; note: (hif) Dt 32:23+, see 3578 for NIV text

6201 סָפוֹן (sā·p̄ôn): n.masc. [BDB: inf.abs.]; ≡ Str 5603; TWOT 1537—LN 7.77–7.79 panelling, i.e., wood which covers an interior of a building, as a finishing product to adorn a structure (Jer 22:14+), note: see also BHS ftn, and also 6211 as qal pass.; see also domain LN 6.188–6.196 and LN 3.60–3.67

ספח (spḥ): see 6202

ספח (spḥ)[2] BDB: see 6203

ספח (spḥ)[3] KB: see 6203

6202 I. סָפַח (sā·p̄ǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5596; TWOT 1532, 1534—1. LN 30.86–30.107 (qal) appoint, choose, formally, attach, i.e., cause a person to be associated with an office or appointment for ruling (1Sa 2:36+); 2. LN 34.1–34.21 (nif) associated, be attached, i.e., be united in an association with another political entity (Isa 14:1+); (hitp) share in an association (1Sa 26:19+); 3. LN 15.123–15.134 (pual) be gathered, joined together, huddled, i.e., be in a close proximity to one another (Job 30:7+), see also domain LN 85.1–85.31; note: (piel) (Hab 2:15+), see 6203

6203 II. סָפַח (sā·p̄ǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5596; TWOT 1532—LN 47.1–47.7 (piel ptcp.) pour out, i.e., the act. of moving liquid from a container by means of gravity (Hab 2:15+), note: others relate to 6202; note: repoint or parse חֲמָת־ (ḥǎmāṯ-) as חֵמֶת (ḥē·měṯ)

6204 סַפַּחַת (sǎp·pǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5597; TWOT 1534a—LN 23.142–23.184 epidermal eruption, skin rash, i.e., a skin condition or infection outbreak (Lev 13:2; 14:56+)

6205 סִפַּי (sip·pǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5598;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sippai: Philistine descendant of the giants (1Ch 20:4+), see also 6198

6206 I. סָפִיחַ (sā·p̄îaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5599; TWOT 1533a, 1533b—LN 3.13–3.32 volunteer plants, i.e., grain or vegetable plants that grow on its own, as after-growth in a fallow year (Lev 25:5, 11; 2Ki 19:29; Isa 37:30+), note: Lisowsky switches 1 & 2

6207 II. סָפִיחַ (sā·p̄îaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5599; TWOT 1533a—LN 14.10–14.14 downpour, cloudburst, i.e., a very heavy event of rain, of such great force as to cause erosion from the torrents of water (Job 14:19+), for a cj see 6083

6208 סְפִינָה (sep̄î·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5600; TWOT 1537b—LN 6.41–6.51 sea-going vessel, i.e., an ancient boat large enough for cargo on the open seas, with limited sleeping holds, though not necessarily “cabins.” (Jnh 1:5+)

6209 סַפִּיר (sǎp·pîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5601; TWOT 1535—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: (most versions) sapphire; (Lisowsky, NEB) lapis lazuli (Ex 24:10; 28:18; 39:11; Job 28:6, 16; SS 5:14; Isa 54:11; La 4:7; Eze 1:26; 10:1; 28:13+), note: exact identification not certain

6210 סֵפֶל (sē·p̄ěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5602; TWOT 1536—1. LN 6.118–6.151 drinking bowl, i.e., a container of various sizes, used as a drinking utensil (Jdg 5:25+); 2. LN 81.20–81.24 unit: מְלֹא הַ־ סֵפֶל (melō(ʾ) hǎ- sē·p̄ěl) bowlful, i.e., an amount of quantity of mass or liquid that fits in a drinking bowl, as a specific quantity (Jdg 6:38+)

ספן (spn): see 6211

6211 סָפַן (sā·p̄ǎn): v.; ≡ Str 5603; TWOT 1537—1. LN 45 (qal) cover, roof, i.e., build a cover over a construction (1Ki 6:9+); (qal pass.) roofed (1Ki 7:3+), see also domain LN 79.114–79.117; 2. LN 45 (qal pass.) paneled, i.e., pertaining to a vertical wood covering as a final finish of a construction (1Ki 7:7; Jer 22:14; Hag 1:4+), see also domain LN 79.114–79.117; 3. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal pass.) preserved, kept, i.e., pertaining to a state continuing, implying a guarding or caring for an object (Dt 33:21+), see also domain LN 35.36–35.46; note: for Jer 22:14 cj, see 6201

6212 סִפֻּן (sip·pǔn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5604; TWOT 1537a—LN 7.26–7.53 ceiling, i.e., the interior overhead inside lining in a room (1Ki 6:15+), note: for MT text in 1Ki 7:7, see 7977

6213 סַפְסִיג (sǎp̄·sîḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5509; TWOT 1469a—LN 2.14–2.28 glaze, i.e., a coating of material (paint or other lead oxides) over pottery which usually has a shiny appearance and smooth touch, usually applied between a first and second kilning (Pr 26:23 cj+), note: for MT text, see 6092; see also domain LN 6.215–6.225

ספף (spp): see 6214

6214 סָפַף (sā·p̄ǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5605; TWOT 1538c—1. LN 53.66–53.95 (hitpolel inf. cs.) stand guard, i.e., be a menial worker in the temple, relative to priestly positions in the temple corps (Ps 84:11[EB 10]+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.161–33.177 (hitpolel inf. cs.) be a prostrate beggar, formally, lie at a threshold of a worship center and request tokens of mercy, as a very low position in society (Ps 84:11[EB 10]+), note: some sources think this is prostration at a temple threshold in worship

ספק (spq) KB, Lisowsky: see 6215, 6216

ספק (spq)[1] Holladay: see 6215

ספק (spq)[2] Holladay: see 6216

6215 I. סָפַק (sā·p̄ǎq): v.; ≡ Str 5606; TWOT 1539—1. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal) clap, i.e., hit or strike the hands together (or hand to the thigh), with an associative meaning of communicating scorn, derision, scoffing, or despising (Nu 24:10; Job 34:37; La 2:15+); 2. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal) strike, beat, i.e., hit oneself, with an associative meaning of mourning or sorrow (Jer 31:19; Eze 21:17[EB 12]+); 3. LN 38.1–38.13 punish, formally, slap, i.e., inflict justified harm to another for guilt or wrong behavior (Job 34:26+)

6216 II. סָפַק (sā·p̄ǎq): v.; ≡ Str 5606; TWOT 1539—LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) wallow, splash, i.e., the movement of a liquid or mass by striking with an object, even a hand or foot (Jer 48:26+), note: some translate “vomit”

6217 סֶפֶק (sě·p̄ěq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5607; TWOT 1539a—LN 57.25–57.35 riches, abundance, i.e., an amount of goods or money of sufficient quantity to be considered rich (Job 36:18+), note: alt. form parsing is 8564, note: for another interp, see next; see also domain LN 59.48–59.61; note: other sources “jeering” or “chastisement” but context prefers “riches”

ספר (spr): see 6218

6218 סָפַר (sā·p̄ǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5608; TWOT 1540, 1540c—1. LN 60.1–60.9 (qal) count, number, i.e., quantify the amount of a collection using numbers as a unit of measure (Ge 15:5; Lev 15:13, 28; 23:15, 16; 25:8; Dt 16:9; Job 14:16; 31:4; 39:2; Ps 48:13[EB 12]; 139:18; Isa 22:10; Eze 44:26+); (nif) be counted (Ge 16:10; 32:13[EB 12]; Jer 33:22; Hos 2:1[EB 1:10]+); (piel) count (Job 38:37; Ps 22:18[EB 17]); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 (qal) take a census, record, i.e., make a written record of quantities of objects (Ge 41:49; 2Sa 24:10; 1Ch 21:2; 2Ch 2:1[EB 2],16[EB 17]; Ezr 1:8; Ps 56:9[EB 8]; 87:6+); (nif) be recorded (1Ki 3:8; 8:5; 1Ch 23:3; 2Ch 5:6+); 3. LN 33.69–33.108 (piel) tell, proclaim, recount, inform, i.e., speak words which give an accounting of an event or principle (Ps 2:7); (pual) be told (Job 37:20; Ps 22:31[EB 30]; 88:12[EB 11]; Isa 52:15; Hab 1:5+), note: Isa 33:18, see 6221

6219 I. סֵפֶר (sē·p̄ěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5612; TWOT 1540a, 1540b—1. LN 33.35–33.68 written communication, letter, document, i.e., any communication document in a written form, usually as a “book” recording of various past events, or precepts often relatively long, but also includes official messages dispatched, with a focus on the content of the book (Ex 32:33), note: for another interp in Ex 17:14; Job 19:23; Isa 30:8, see 6220; note: for MT text in 1Ch 27:24, see 5031; 2. LN 6.54–6.67 scroll, i.e., a rolled piece of papyrus or fine leather as a writing material (Ex 17:14); 3. LN 33.35–33.68 certificate, record, i.e., an official, relatively short, written document as proof of an agreement or transaction (Dt 24:1); 4. LN 33.35–33.68 body of literature, i.e., several books or writings considered as one unit representing a culture, religion, or philosophy (Jos 1:8; Da 1:17; 9:2)

6220 II. סֵפֶר (sē·p̄ěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5612; TWOT 1540a—LN 6.54–6.67 plate, panel, i.e., a flat piece of metal (such as copper or bronze) to inscribe writing (Ex 17:14; Job 19:23; Isa 30:8+), note: most sources parse as 6219

6221 סֹפֵר (sō·p̄ēr): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.sing. of 6218]; ≡ Str 5608; TWOT 1540—1. LN 55.14–55.22 military commander, i.e., a high military officer, possibly in charge of military records or inventory (Jdg 5:14; Isa 33:18); 2. LN 53.94 learned writer, scribe, i.e., a person dealing with written materials, with a special focus on teaching the meaning of the documents (Ezr 7:6, 11; Ne 8:1) see also 6229, see also domain; 3. LN 37.35–37.47 secretary in charge of written documents, as a relatively high official in a kingdom (2Sa 8:17); 4. LN 6.54–6.67 unit: קֶסֶת הַ־ סֹפֵר (qě·sěṯ hǎ- sō·p̄ēr) writing kit, a palate and possibly other materials needed for writing (Eze 9:2, 3)

6222 I. סְפָר (sep̄ār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5610; TWOT 1540d—LN 33.35–33.68 census, numbering, i.e., an official count of the number of persons (2Ch 2:16[EB 17]+)

6223 II. סְפָר (sep̄ār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5611;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sephar: land related to Joktan, possibly in S Arabia (Ge 10:30+)

6224 סְפָרַד (sep̄ā·rǎḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5614;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sepharad: a place north and west of Media south of Lake Urmia, i.e., as a far reach of the Babylonian Empire (Ob 20+), note: other sources give location as unknown

סְפָרֵד (sep̄ā·rēḏ) BDB: see 6224

סְפֹרָה (sep̄ō·rā(h)) BDB: see 6228

6225 סִפְרָה (sip̄·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5612; TWOT 1540a—LN 33.35–33.68 register, record, certificate, i.e., an official, relatively short written document or record (Ps 56:9[EB 8]+)

6226 סְפַרְוַיִם (sep̄ǎr·wǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5617;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sepharvaim: place in Syria or Mesopotamia (2Ki 19:13+)

6227 סְפַרְוִים (sep̄ǎr·wîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5616;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Sepharvite: pertaining to a people from an unknown town (2Ki 17:31+)

6228 סְפֹרוֹת (sep̄ō·rôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 5615; TWOT 1540e—1. LN 33.35–33.68 act. of writing, i.e., the process or result applying stylus or pen to a palate, clay, or scroll (Ps 71:15+); 2. LN 60.1–60.9 limit, formally, finite number, i.e., that which confines or restrains or places in a bounds (Ps 71:15+), note: context prefers “art of writing” as a contrast to verbal “telling” in prior phrase

6229 סֹפְרִים (sō·p̄erîm): n.pr. [oth n.masc.pl.]—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) (NJB, NEB, REB) Sophrites: pertaining to a group of clans (1Ch 2:55+), note: NAB, Sopherim; most versions, “scribes,” see also 6221

6230 סֹפֶרֶת (sō·p̄ě·rěṯ): n.pr. [oth n.fem.]; ≡ Str 5618;—LN 93-pers. Sophereth: part of a compound name, Hassophereth, see 2191; see also 6072, 6230.5

סֹפֶרֶת (sō·p̄ě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5618;—LN 53.66–53.95 office of the scribe (Ezr 2:55; Ne 7:57+), note: for another interp as a n.pr., see 6230

6231 סֶפֶת (sě·p̄ěṯ): see 3578 (Nu 32:14; Isa 30:1+), note: see BHS ftn

סקל (sql): see 6232

6232 סָקַל (sā·qǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5619; TWOT 1541—1. LN 20.61–20.88 (qal) stone to death, i.e., throw fist-sized stones as a group, as a means of capital punishment (Ex 17:4); (nif) be stoned (Ex 19:13); (pual) be stoned (2Ki 21:14); 2. LN 39.47–39.50 (piel) pelt with stones, i.e., attack another by throwing stones, without necessarily, though possibly, intending to kill, though showing open hostility (2Sa 16:6, 13); 3. LN 15.215–15.221 (piel) remove, i.e., place or transfer an object from one place to another either by throwing or possibly hauling (Isa 5:2; 62:10)

6233 סָר (sār): n.masc. [oth read as 8569]; ≡ Str 5493; TWOT 1480—LN 55.14–55.22 officer, captain, i.e., a military soldier in charge of others (1Sa 22:14+), note: this lexical form is also the qal pf. 3ms. of 6073

6234 סַר (sǎr): adj.; ≡ Str 5620; TWOT 1549a—LN 25.270–25.287 sullen, gloomy, dejected, i.e., pertaining to one who is discouraged and unhappy, with a focus on their appearance as sullen (1Ki 20:43; 21:4, 5+), note: Jer 6:28, see 6253

6235 סָרָב (sā·rāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5621; TWOT 1542—LN 3.13–3.32 briers, nettles, i.e., a thorny bush of some kind, as a plant difficult to move through (Eze 2:6+), note: (KB, Holladay, BDB) all translate “rebel” et. al. (based on ety. considerations), though on the whole the phrase requires a text change, and context prefers “brier.”

6236 סַרְגוֹן (sǎr·ḡôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5623;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sargon: Assyrian king who finally took Samaria (Isa 20:1+)

6237 סֶרֶד (sě·rěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5624;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sered: son of Zebulun (Ge 46:14; Nu 26:26+), see also 6238

6238 סַרְדִּי (sǎr·dî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5625;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Seredite: pertaining to Sered (Nu 26:26+), see also 6237

6239 I. סָרָה (sā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5627; TWOT 1480a—1. LN 68.34–68.57 ceasing, stopping, i.e., desisting from an activity (Isa 14:6+); 2. LN 68.11–68.21 unit: בִּלְתִּי סָרָה (bil·tî sā·rā(h))1 unceasing, i.e., that which continues and does not stop (Isa 14:6+)

6240 II. סָרָה (sā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5627; TWOT 1480a—1. LN 39.34–39.41 rebellion, revolt, i.e., state of hostility by being obstinate and stubborn to direction or commands by a superior, either active or passive resistance (Dt 13:6[EB 5]; Isa 1:5; 31:6; 59:13; Jer 28:16; 29:32+); 2. LN 88.12–88.23 crime, i.e., an evil which is a legally chargeable offense (Dt 19:16+), see also domain LN 56

6241 סִרָה (si·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5626;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sirah: an unknown place (2Sa 3:26+), see also 1015

6242 סָרוּחַ (sā·rûaḥ): adj. [oth qal pass.ptcp.masc. of 6243]; ≡ Str 5628; TWOT 1543—1. LN 49 flowing, i.e., pertaining to the graceful movement of cloth, as a feature of adorning and cloth (Eze 23:15+); 2. LN 18.12–18.23 hanging, i.e., pertaining to being fastened on the top and free flowing on the bottom as a feature of cloth (Ex 26:13+); 3. LN 17.23–17.25 lounging, sprawling, i.e., a reclining, leisurely position used when eating or feasting (Am 6:4, 7+), see also 6243

סרח (srḥ) Lisowsky: see 6243, 6244

סרח (srḥ)[1] KB, Holladay: see 6243

סרח (srḥ)[2] KB, Holladay: see 6244

6243 I. סָרַח (sā·rǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5628; TWOT 1543—1. LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) hang down, overhang, i.e., be fastened on the top and free flowing on the bottom as a feature of cloth (Ex 26:12+); (qal pass.) overhanged (Ex 26:13+); 2. LN 84.1–84.15 (qal) spread over, i.e., have an object extend from a source (Eze 17:6+), note: for another parsing as a, see 6242

6244 II. סָרַח (sā·rǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5628; TWOT 1543—LN 32.19–32.23 (nif) lacking understanding, formally, decayed, spoiled, i.e., be in a state of digressing in understanding, as a figurative extension of an organic object decaying and stinking (Jer 49:7+)

6245 סֶרַח (sě·rǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5629; TWOT 1543a—LN 59.48–59.61 overhang, what projects over, i.e., an excess of a quantity of a length of material (Ex 26:12+)

6246 סִרְיוֹן (sir·yôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5630; TWOT 1544—LN 6.29–6.40 scale armor, coat of mail, i.e., a leather coat with overlapping metal pieces or scales made for soldiers, horses and chariots (Jer 46:4; 51:3+), note: some sources limit the armor from waist to neck

סִרְיֹן (sir·yōn) BDB: see 6246

6247 סָרִיס (sā·rîs): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5631, 7249; TWOT 1545—1. LN 37.48–37.95 court official, palace officer, i.e., a person who is a ruler below a king, but as a high-ranking official, who may or not be castrated (Ge 37:36) see also 8060; 2. LN 9.24–9.33 eunuch, i.e., a castrated male, which may also be a court official (Est 2:3)

6248 I. סֶרֶן (sě·rěn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5633; TWOT 1546, 1547—LN 6.52–6.53 axle, i.e., a pin or shaft on which a wheel or set of wheels turns, of wood or metal (1Ki 7:30+)

6249 II. סֶרֶן (sě·rěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5633; TWOT 1546—LN 37.48–37.95 ruler, prince, i.e., one who rules or governs either by ability or clan position (Jos 13:3; Jdg 3:3; 16:5, 8, 18,23, 27, 30; 1Sa 5:8, 11; 6:4,12, 16, 18; 7:7; 29:2, 6, 7; 1Ch 12:20[EB 19]+)

סְרָנִים (serā·nîm) Lisowsky: see 6249

6250 סַרְעַפָּה (sǎr·ʿǎp·pā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5634; TWOT 1527d—LN 3.47–3.59 branch, bough, i.e., a secondary extension from the trunk of a tree (Eze 31:5+)

סרף (srp): see 6251, 8596

6251 סָרַף (sā·rǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5635; TWOT 2292—LN 14.63–14.73 (piel) burn, i.e., the consumption of carbon-based material with fire (Am 6:10+), note: some sources change text, see BHS ftn

סִרְפַּד (sir·pǎḏ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 6252

6252 סִרְפָּד (sir·pāḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5636; TWOT 1548—LN 3.13–3.32 briers, thornbush, i.e., a thorn plant of some kind (Isa 55:13+), note: some sources identify specifically as a stinging nettles plant, Urtica urens or another plant of that genus

סרר (srr) KB, Lisowsky: see 6253, 6254

סרר (srr)[1] Holladay: see 6253

סרר (srr)[2] Holladay: see 6254

6253 I. סָרַר (sā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5637; TWOT 1549—LN 88.223–88.226 (qal) be stubborn, be defiant, be obstinate, be rebellious, i.e., not be willing to change a behavior in any regard, with a feature that the current behavior is in open defiance to authority, see also domain LN 39.34–39.41 (Dt 21:18, 20; Ne 9:29; Ps 66:7; 68:7[EB 6],19[EB 18]; 78:8; Pr 7:11; Isa 1:23; 30:1; 65:2; Jer 5:23; 6:28; Hos 4:16; 9:15; Zec 7:11+)

6254 II. סָרַר (sā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 8269; TWOT 2295a—LN 37.48–37.95 (qal) superintend, be in charge, i.e., oversee a task with implied authority (1Ch 15:22+), note: some parse as 3579

6255 סְתָו (seṯāw): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5638; TWOT 1549.1—LN 67.163–67.200 winter, i.e., the rainy season and the coldest season of the year (SS 2:11 K+), note: for Q, see 6257

6256 סְתוּר (seṯûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5639;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sethur: of Asher, an explorer (Nu 13:13+)

6257 סְתָיו (seṯāyw): n.masc.—see 6255 (SS 2:11 Q+)

סתם (stm): see 6258

6258 סָתַם (sā·ṯǎm): v.; ≡ Str 5640; TWOT 1550—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) stop up, block off, seal, i.e., cause a mass to stop flowing (2Ki 3:19, 25; 2Ch 32:3, 4, 30+); (piel) stop up (Ge 26:15, 18+); 2. LN 79.110–79.113 (nif) close, shut, i.e., pertaining to not having any open spaces, and so exclude the passage of objects between two spaces (Ne 4:1[EB 7]+); 3. LN 6.54–6.67 (qal) seal up, close up, i.e., make a scroll secure by placing a wax seal upon it (Da 8:26; 12:4+); (qal pass.) sealed, closed (Da 12:9+); 4. LN 26 (qal pass.) inner person, formally, secret places, i.e., pertaining to the non-material part of a human, including the psychological faculties, as a figurative extension of unaccessible, sealed-up place which is not normally knowable (Ps 51:8[EB 6]+); 5. LN 28.68–28.83 (qal) secret, hidden, i.e., pertaining to not being able to be known (Eze 28:3+)

סתר (str): see 6259

6259 סָתַר (sā·ṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5641; TWOT 1551—1. LN 28.68–28.83 (nif) hidden, be concealed, i.e., pertaining to not being able to be known (Dt 29:28[EB 29]), note: this can also have the associative meanings of protection and safety, or hiding in shame, in some contexts; (piel) hide (Isa 16:3+); (pual) hidden (Pr 27:5+); (hif) hide, conceal (Ex 3:6); (hitp) hide oneself, keep oneself hidden (1Sa 23:19; 26:1; Ps 54:2[EB title]; Isa 45:15+); 2. LN 13.69–13.103 (hitp) vanish, perish, i.e., to cease to exist, as an extension of an object hiding oneself (Isa 29:14+)

6260 סֵתֶר (sē·ṯěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5643; TWOT 1551a, 1551b—1. LN 85.67–85.85 hiding place, secret place, i.e., a place of shelter and refuge as a location where one can dwell, implying protection from a danger (1Sa 19:2), also domain LN 21.9–21.13; 2. LN 28.68–28.83 covering, veil, i.e., that which covers something to make it secret from another, as a figurative extension of a veil as a cloth covering (Ps 18:12[EB 11]); 3. LN 28.68–28.83 secrecy, i.e., the condition of being hidden and concealed, and so not publicly known (Jdg 3:19); 4. LN 32.42–32.61 slyness, i.e., the act. of being clever in concealing one’s end or purpose, as a non-wise behavior (Pr 25:23); 5. LN 1.51–1.59 ravine, i.e., a steep, narrow, valley, larger than a gully (1Sa 25:20); 6. LN 1.34–1.38 unit: סֵתֶר רַעַם (sē·ṯěr rǎ·ʿǎm) thundercloud, formally, covering of thunder, i.e., a dark dense cloud capable of lightning and thunder, and so producing noise (Ps 81:8[EB 7]), see also domain LN 14.15–14.16; 7. LN 28.68–28.83 unit: בְּ־ הַ־ סֵתֶר (b- hǎ- sē·ṯěr) secretly, privately, formally, in the secret place, i.e., pertaining to acting in a manner not public (Dt 13:7[EB 6])

6261 סִתְרָה (siṯ·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5643; TWOT 1551a—LN 21.14–21.16 refuge, shelter, i.e., the act. of giving protection and keeping one safe from danger (Dt 32:38+)

6262 סִתְרִי (siṯ·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5644;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sithri: of Levi (Ex 6:22+)

ע

6263 ע (ʿ): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

6264 I. עָב (ʿāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5646; TWOT 1552a—LN 7.26–7.53 overhang, i.e., a projection from a roof or second story of a building, hanging farther out than the wall or entrance below (1Ki 7:6; Eze 41:25, 26+), note: some sources translate “canopy,” several other kinds of structures have been suggested

6265 II. עָב (ʿāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5645; TWOT 1574a—LN 1.34–1.38 cloud, i.e., a visible mass of moisture suspended in the air, with the function of providing moisture, or shade from the sun, or cover up heavenly objects from view (Jdg 5:4; 2Sa 22:12; 23:4; 1Ki 18:44, 45; Job 20:6; 22:14; 26:8; 30:15; 36:29; 37:11, 16; 38:34; Ps 18:12[EB 11],13[EB 12]; 77:18[EB 17]; 104:3; 147:8; Pr 16:15; Ecc 11:3, 4; 12:2; Isa 5:6; 14:14; 18:4; 19:1; 25:5; 44:22; 60:8+), note: for MT text in Ps 68:5[EB 4], see 6858

6266 III. עָב (ʿāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5645; TWOT 1574a—LN 3.13–3.32 (pl.) thickets, i.e., a mass of intertwined shrubs, dense and useful for cover, but difficult to go through (Jer 4:29+)

6267 עַב (ʿǎḇ): n.[masc.]—see 6295 (Ex 19:9+), note: possibly parse as cs. of 6265

עבד (ʿbd): see 6268

6268 עָבַד (ʿā·ḇǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 5647; TWOT 1553—1. LN 42.7–42.28 (qal) work, labor, do, i.e., expend considerable energy and intensity in a task or function (Ge 2:5; Ex 5:18), note: this is highly generic term for almost any activity; (pual) be worked (Dt 21:3+); (hif) work (Ex 1:13; 2Ch 2:17[EB 18]; Eze 29:18+); 2. LN 35.19–35.30 (qal) serve, be a slave, be indentured, i.e., give considerable energy and intensity to give aid to another, often in a social arrangement of having lower status than free (Lev 25:46; 2Sa 16:19); (pual) be made a slave or indentured servant (Isa 14:3+); (hif) reduce to servitude, enslave (Ex 6:5; Jer 17:4+), note: for a focus on possession and low status, see also domain LN 87.76–87.86; 3. LN 53.53–53.64 (qal) worship, serve, minister, work in ministry, i.e., give energy and devotion to God or a god, including ceremonies (Ex 23:24, 25); (hof) be made to serve (Ex 20:5+); 4. LN 22.21–22.28 (hif) burden, i.e., cause an unfavorable circumstance or hardship to another (Isa 43:23, 24+); 5. LN 43 (qal) cultivate, plow, i.e., work soil (with or without an animal) as part of the agricultural process (Ge 4:2; Isa 30:24); (nif) plowed, be cultivated (Dt 21:4; Ecc 5:8[EB 9]; Eze 36:9, 34+), note: for MT text in Ge 47:21; Isa 23:10; Jer 15:14, see 6296; note: further study may yield more domains; 6. LN 43 unit: אִישׁ עָבַד אֲדָמָה (ʾîš ʿā·ḇǎḏ ʾǎḏā·mā(h))1 farmer, formally, man working soil (Zec 13:5+)

6269 I. עֶבֶד (ʿě·ḇěḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5650; TWOT 1553a—1. LN 87.76–87.86 slave, bond servant, i.e., one who is owned by another for service until sold to another, or worked his way out of slavery (Ge 39:17); also part of a compound name, Ebed-Melech, see 6283; 2. LN 35.19–35.30 servant, i.e., one who helps in the service to another, but not necessarily a possession of another (Ge 18:3); 3. LN 37.48–37.95 officer, official, i.e., one who has authority in government, yet referred as servant of the king (1Sa 18:5); 4. LN 53.53–53.64 worshiper, formally, servant, i.e., one who serves God as an act. of service to God (Isa 56:6)

6270 II. עֶבֶד (ʿě·ḇěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5651;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ebed: 1. father of Gaal (Jdg 9:26–35+ passim) 2. of Adin, a returnee from captivity (Ezr 8:6+)

6271 עֲבָד (ʿǎḇāḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5652; TWOT 1553b—LN 42.7–42.28 deed, act., i.e., what is done as an activity of work (Ecc 9:1+)

6272 עַבְדָּא (ʿǎḇ·dā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5653;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abda: 1. a man in charge of forced labor (1Ki 4:6+) 2. a Levite who lived in Jerusalem in the time of Nehemiah (Ne 11:17+), note: spelled Obadiah in 1Ch 9:16

עֹבֵד (ʿō·ḇēḏ) Holladay, BDB: see 6381 (Ru 4:22+)

6273 עֹבֵד־אֱדוֹם (ʿō·ḇēḏ-·ʾěḏôm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5654;—LN 93-pers. (male) Obed-Edom: 1. a Gittite house owner (2Sa 6:10, 11+) 2. gatekeeper and musician in David’s time (1Ch 15:18, 21, 24; 16:5, 38+) 3. keeper of the temple goods in the days of King Amaziah (2Ch 25:24+) 4. another gatekeeper (1Ch 26:4, 8,15+)

עֹבֵד־אֱדֹם (ʿō·ḇēḏ-·ʾěḏōm) BDB: see 6273

6274 עַבְדְּאֵל (ʿǎḇ·deʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5655;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abdeel, a member of King Jehoiakim’s court (Jer 36:26+)

6275 עֲבֹדָה (ʿǎḇō·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5656; TWOT 1553c—1. LN 42.41–42.50 work, labor, i.e., the expending of considerable energy and effort, often in terms of specific duties, tasks, or jobs (Ex 1:14); 2. LN 37.1–37.32 slavery, i.e., the state of being owned and controlled by another and so in force labor (Ex 6:9); 3. LN 53.66–53.95 ministerial duties, i.e., service to God, with a focus on service by performing tasks (1Ch 25:1); 4. LN 53.1–53.15 ceremony, i.e., a formal religious practice intending to teach or cause remembrance (Ex 12:25); 5. LN 55.2–55.6 military campaign, i.e., a connected series of military operations to defeat an enemy (Eze 29:18); 6. LN 65.30–65.39 use, formally, work, i.e., having a valid function according to its design (Nu 3:31); 7. LN 43 farming, cultivation, i.e., work related specifically to agricultural tasks (Ps 104:14)

6276 עֲבֻדָּה (ʿǎḇǔd·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5657; TWOT 1553d—LN 87.76–87.86 slave, i.e., a human that is owned by another, with a focus on the services this slave provides (Ge 26:14; Job 1:3+) note: some sources “servant,” a class of person that is a help to his or her master, see also domain, LN 35.19–35.30

6277 I. עַבְדּוֹן (ʿǎḇ·dôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5658;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abdon: 1. a judge Jdg 12:13, 15+; 2. head of Benjamite family 1Ch 8:23+ 3. ancestor of King Saul 1Ch 8:30; 9:36+ 4. official of King Josiah’s 2Ch 34:20+, see also 6570

6278 II. עַבְדּוֹן (ʿǎḇ·dôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5658;—LN 93-place (loc.) Abdon, a town in Asher, (Jos 19:28; 21:30; 1Ch 6:59[EB 74]+), note: NIV, NEB, REB, NJB, NAB, have this reading, for MT text in Jos 19:28, see 6306

עַבְדוּת (ʿǎḇ·ḏûṯ) Lisowsky: see 6285

6279 עַבְדִּי (ʿǎḇ·dî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5660;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abdi: 1. of Merari clan (1Ch 6:29[EB 44]; 2Ch 29:12+) 2. member of the priesthood who had married foreign women (Ezr 10:26+)

6280 עַבְדִּיאֵל (ʿǎḇ·dî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5661;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abdiel: Gadite who lived in Bashan (1Ch 5:15+)

6281 עֹבַדְיָה (ʿō·ḇǎḏ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5662;—LN 93-pers. (male) Obadiah: 1. of Gad (1Ch 12:10[EB 9]+) 2. see 6282(1.) 3. see 6282(2.) 4. an instructor of Torah (2Ch 17:7+) 5. see 6282(3.) 6. of David, returnee from captivity (1Ch 3:21+) 7. of Issachar (1Ch 7:3+) 8. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:38; 9:44+) 9. Levite of post-exilic times (1Ch 9:16+), note: spelled Abda in Ne 11:17+ 10. of Joab (Ezr 8:9+) 11. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:6[EB 5]+) 12. gatekeeper in the days Nehemiah (Ne 12:25+) 13. a writing prophet (Ob 1+)

6282 עֹבַדְיָהוּ (ʿō·ḇǎḏ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5662;—LN 93-pers. (male) Obadiahu (Obadiah NIV): 1. of Zebulun, father of a leader in David’s time (1Ch 27:19+) 2. steward of King Ahab (1Ki 18:3–16 passim+) 3. Levite in the days of Josiah (2Ch 34:12+), see also 6281

6283 עֶבֶד־מֶלֶךְ (ʿě·ḇěḏ-·mě·lěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5663;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ebed-Melech: Cushite (Jer 38:7–12 passim; Jer 39:16+)

6284 עֲבֵד נְגוֹ (ʿǎḇēḏ neḡô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5664;—LN 93-pers. (male) Abednego: compatriot of Daniel in Babylon (Da 1:7+), see also 6481(24.), also 10524

6285 עַבְדֻת (ʿǎḇ·ḏǔṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5659; TWOT 1553e—LN 37.1–37.32 slavery, bondage, i.e., the state of being owned and controlled by another and so in force labor as servitude (Ezr 9:8, 9; Ne 9:17+)

עבה (ʿbh): see 6286

6286 עָבָה (ʿā·ḇā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5666; TWOT 1554—1. LN 81.15–81.19 (qal) be thick, i.e., be in a state of being of a relatively larger physical dimension in contrast to thin circumference, as a measurement (1Ki 12:10; 2Ch 10:10+); 2. LN 86.1–86.3 be heavy, i.e., be of a denser amount of weight, with corresponding larger dimensions, implying a healthy condition (Dt 32:15+)

עֲבוֹדָה (ʿǎḇô·ḏā(h)) BDB: see 6275

6287 עֲבוֹט (ʿǎḇôṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5667; TWOT 1555a—LN 57.209–57.218 pledge, i.e., an article taken by the loaner as a security for a loan (Dt 24:10, 11, 12, 13+)

6288 I. עֲבוּר (ʿǎḇûr): prep. and c.; ≡ Str 5668; TWOT 1556g—1. LN 90.36–90.42 for the sake of, on behalf, i.e., a marker of a participant who is benefited by an event, or on whose behalf an event takes place (Ge 12:13, 16; 18:26, 29, 31, 32; 26:24; 1Sa 12:22; 2Sa 5:12; 7:21; 9:1, 7; 1Ch 14:2; 17:19; Ps 132:10); 2. LN 89.15–89.38 because, on account of, i.e., a marker of cause or reason for an event (Ge 3:17; 8:21; Ex 13:8; 2Sa 6:12; 12:25; 2Ch 28:19; Job 20:2; Ps 106:32; Mic 2:10); 3. LN 89.55–89.64 in order to, i.e., a marker of purposeful intent, often with an expected result (1Sa 1:6; 2Sa 17:14); 4. LN 89.39–89.54 so that, then, i.e., a marker of the outcome of a state or event (Ge 27:10)

6289 II. עֲבוּר (ʿǎḇûr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5669; TWOT 1556f—LN 5.1–5.22 produce, yield, i.e., that which is the product of an agricultural process, with a focus on the edibility of the produce (Jos 5:11, 12+), see also domain LN 3.33–3.46; note: NIV, “food”

עָבוּר (ʿā·ḇûr) BDB: see 6289

6290 I. עָבוֹת (ʿā·ḇôṯ): adj.; ≡ Str 5687; TWOT 1558a—LN 3.47–3.59 leafy, i.e., pertaining to a lateral foliage growth on the branch of a tree, implying shade (Lev 23:40; Ne 8:15; Eze 6:13; 20:28+)

6291 II. עָבוֹת (ʿā·ḇôṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5688; TWOT 1558b—LN 3.47–3.59 (pl.) thick foliage, i.e., leafy stem of a plant or tree, with a focus on the thickness or intertwining of the branch configuration (Ps 118:27; Eze 19:11; 31:3, 10, 14+)

I. עבט (ʿbṭ): see 6292

II. עבט (ʿbṭ): see 6293

6292 I. עָבַט (ʿā·ḇǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 5670; TWOT 1555—1. LN 57.209–57.218 (qal) borrow, i.e., receive money from a lender, with an express intention of paying back the same or more (Dt 15:6b+); 2. LN 57.209–57.218 (hif) lend on a pledge, i.e., give money to a borrower, with an express intention of receiving back the same or more (Dt 15:6a, 8+); (qal) get a pledge (Dt 24:10+)

6293 II. עָבַט (ʿā·ḇǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 5670; TWOT 1555—LN 15.18–15.26 (piel) swerve, turn, i.e., change a direction one is traveling, implying a lack of purpose (Joel 2:7+)

6294 עַבְטִיט (ʿǎḇ·ṭîṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5671; TWOT 1555b—LN 57.209–57.218 pledge, i.e., an article taken by the loaner as a security for a loan, which if not returned becomes a possession of the loaner (Hab 2:6+), note: there may be an implication of undue or illegal force to keep the pledge, see also domain LN 57.232–57.248

6295 עֲבִי (ʿǎḇî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5672; TWOT 1554a—1. LN 81.15–81.19 thickness, i.e., a state of being of a relatively larger physical dimension in contrast to a thin measure (1Ki 7:26; 2Ch 4:5; Job 15:26; Jer 52:21+); 2. LN 85.1–85.31 density, i.e., a quality or state of being dense, and so having a greater quantity of matter per unit of volume, and with some elements so be harder to see in or through (as in a cloud), and protecting a mystery (Ex 19:9), see also domain LN 28.68–28.83, note: for MT text in Ex 19:9, see 6267; 3. LN 6.118–6.151 casting-mold, i.e., a matrix for holding and casting molten metal (2Ch 4:17+), note: BDB, change text to 5045

I. עבר (ʿbr): see 6296

II. עבר (ʿbr): see 6297

6296 I. עָבַר (ʿā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5674; TWOT 1556—1. LN 15.27–15.33 (qal) pass. over, cross over, travel through, i.e., make linear motion often along a particular route or path (Dt 34:4); (nif) be crossed (Eze 47:5+); (hif) lead, send, i.e., cause to pass. or cross (1Sa 16:8); 2. LN 88.283–88.288 (qal) be intoxicated, formally, passed over, i.e., be in a state of drunkenness (Jer 23:9); 3. LN 23.61–23.65 (piel) breed, formally, pass. over, i.e., have sexual intercourse resulting in impregnation (Job 21:10+); 4. LN 84.1–84.15 (qal) pass., i.e., a non-linear motion, usually of a hand over an object (Nu 6:5), see also domain LN 16; (piel) extend, formally, cross over, i.e., extend an object from a source (1Ki 6:21+); 5. LN 67.78–67.141 (qal) pass., fleet, i.e., a marker of the passing of a duration of time, as a figurative extension of traveling along a route or path (Ge 50:4; Ps 144:4); 6. LN 57.1–57.21 (hif) give to possess, i.e., transfer property or possessions for another (Nu 27:7; 2Sa 3:10); 7. LN 53.16–53.27 (hif) sacrifice, formally, pass. over, i.e., give an offering to a deity (Ex 13:12; Lev 18:21); 8. LN 40.8–40.13 (hif) forgive, take away, formally, pass. over, i.e., remove guilt, and often associated punishment from a person who has sinned or done wrong (2Sa 12:13); 9. (qal) repeal, i.e., cause a state or event to cease (Est 1:19); 10. LN 68.34–68.57 (hif) get rid of, banish (Ecc 11:10); 11. LN 49 (hif) disrobe, i.e., take off any layer of clothing (Jnh 3:6), note: for NIV text in Ge 47:21; Isa 23:10; Jer 15:14, see 6268; note: further study may yield more domains

6297 II. עָבַר (ʿā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5674; TWOT 1556—1. LN 88.171–88.191 (hitp) be very angry, i.e., have a strong feeling of displeasure, with a focus on the intense personal feelings (Dt 3:26; Ps 78:21, 59, 62; 89:39[EB 38]; Pr 14:16; 20:2; 26:17+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 88.206–88.222 (hitp) be arrogant, i.e., have an improper or unjustified opinion of oneself, as a moral failure (Pr 14:16+); 3. LN 88.243–88.245 (hitp) meddle, i.e., be a busybody and into the affairs between two parties (Pr 26:17+)

עֵבֶר (ʿē·ḇěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5674; TWOT 1556—LN 93-place (terr) Trans-Euphrates: an administrative area beyond (i.e., S and W) of the Euphrates (Ezr 8:36; Ne 2:7, 9; 3:7+)

6298 עֵבֶר (ʿē·ḇěr)[see also 6297.5]: n.masc.; ≡ Str 5676; TWOT 1556a—1. LN 83.42–83.45 beyond, across, opposite, i.e., a space that is on other side of an area or mass (Dt 30:13), note: this can be in any direction; 2. LN 82.1–82.6 east, formally, the region beyond, i.e., the area beyond the Jordan River which is the eastern direction (Dt 1:5), note: further study may yield more domains

6299 II. עֵבֶר (ʿē·ḇěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5677;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eber: 1. of Shem (Ge 10:21, 24, 25; 11:14, 15, 16, 17; 1Ch 1:18, 19, 25; Nu 24:24+) 2. Head of a Gadite family (1Ch 5:13+) 3. Two Benjamite families (1Ch 8:12, 22+) 4. The head of a priestly family in the days of Joiakim (Ne 12:20+) 5. see also DBLGrk 1576

6300 עָבָר (ʿā·ḇār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5863;—LN 93-place (loc.) (Nu 21:11; 33:44+); part of a compound name, Iye Abarim, see 6516

6301 עֶבְרָה (ʿěḇ·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5678; TWOT 1556d—1. LN 88.171–88.191 wrath, anger, fury, rage, i.e., a state of intense displeasure, implying outbursts as actions of anger (Ge 49:7; Job 21:30; 40:11; Ps 7:7[EB 6]; 78:49; 85:4[EB 3]; 90:9, 11; Pr 11:4, 23; 14:35; Isa 9:18[EB 19]; 10:6; 13:9, 13; 14:6; Jer 7:29; La 2:2; 3:1; Eze 7:19; 21:36[EB 31]; 22:21, 31; 38:19; Hos 5:10; 13:11; Am 1:11; Hab 3:8; Zep 1:15, 18+); 2. LN 88.206–88.222 arrogance, pride, insolence, i.e., a state of being haughty in attitude without a proper basis, as a moral failure (Pr 21:24; Pr 22:8; Isa 16:6; Jer 48:30+), note: for another interp in Pr 22:8, see prior entry

6302 עֲבָרָה (ʿǎḇā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5679; TWOT 1556c—LN 1.69–1.78 ford, i.e., a shallow place in a body of water, so used as a crossing place (2Sa 15:28 K; 19:19[EB 18]+), note: also the NIV text in 2Sa 17:16, for MT see 6858

6303 I. עִבְרִי (ʿiḇ·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5680; TWOT 1556b—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Hebrew: a designation of Abraham and his progeny through Isaac and Jacob, as a specific ethnic group of people (Ge 14:13), see also domain LN 11.90–11.95

6304 II. עִבְרִי (ʿiḇ·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5681;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ibri: of Levi (1Ch 24:27+)

6305 עֲבָרִים (ʿǎḇā·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5682;—LN 93-place (loc.) Abarim: a mountain range just E of the Dead Sea, (Nu 27:12; 33:47, 48, 49; Jer 22:20+)

6306 עֶבְרֹן (ʿěḇ·rōn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2275; TWOT 598i—LN 93-place (loc.) (ASV, NASB, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh) Ebron: (KJV) Hebron, a town in Asher, (Jos 19:28+), note: for NIV text in Jos 19:28, see 6278

6307 עַבְרֹנָה (ʿǎḇ·rō·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5684;—LN 93-place (loc.) Abronah: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:34, 35+)

עבשׁ (ʿbš): see 6308

6308 עָבַשׁ (ʿā·ḇǎš): v.; ≡ Str 5685; TWOT 1557—LN 79.78–79.83 (qal pf.) shrivel, wither, i.e., to have moisture taken out of an object needing moisture and so appear shriveled and dried up (Joel 1:17+)

עבת (ʿbt): see 6309

6309 עָבַת (ʿā·ḇǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 5686; TWOT 1558—LN 68.22–68.33 (piel) finish, formally, twist or tie, i.e., to complete a deed (Mic 7:3+), note: NIV, “conspire,” others, “pervert;” note: this is a difficult phrase to translate

עָבֹת (ʿā·ḇōṯ) Holladay: see 6290, 6291

6310 עֲבֹת (ʿǎḇōṯ): n.masc. and fem.; ≡ Str 5688; TWOT 1558b—1. LN 6.14–6.22 fetter, rope, cord, chains, ties, i.e., that which binds or fastens, often in imprisonment (Jdg 15:13, 14; 16:11, 12; Ps 2:3; 129:4; Isa 5:18; Eze 3:25; 4:8; Hos 11:4+); 2. LN 6.188–6.196 ornamental cord, i.e., a rope, chain, or cord that is made of precious metal, likely from braided strands of gold beaten and weaved into a rope (Ex 28:14,22, 24, 25; 39:15, 17, 18+); 3. LN 6.4–6.9 harness, i.e., an implement used to control a large mammal as a horse or ox, (Job 39:10+), note: for n.masc. “branch,” see 6291

עֹג (ʿōḡ) Holladay: see 6384 (1Ki 4:19+)

עגב (ʿgb): see 6311

6311 עָגַב (ʿā·ḡǎḇ): v. [see also 6311.5]; ≡ Str 5689; TWOT 1559—LN 25.12–25.32 (qal) lust, i.e., have sensual, sexual desire for another (Eze 23:5, 7, 9, 12, 16, 20+), see also 6311.5

עָגָב (ʿā·ḡāḇ) BDB: see 6313

עֹגֵב (ʿō·ḡēḇ): n.masc. [oth qal ptcp. of 6311; ≡ Str 5689; TWOT 1559—LN 88.271–88.282 paramour, i.e., an illicit lover (Jer 4:30+), see also 6311

עֻגָב (ʿǔ·ḡāḇ) Holladay: see 6385 (Job 30:31+)

6312 עֲגָבָה (ʿǎḡā·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5691; TWOT 1559b—LN 25.12–25.32 lust, i.e., sensual, sexual desire for another (Eze 23:11+), see also 6313

6313 עֲגָבִים (ʿǎḡā·ḇîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5690; TWOT 1559a—1. LN 25.12–25.32 erotic love, i.e., strong desire or affection with a sensual focus (Eze 33:31, 32+), see also 6312; 2. LN 33.109–33.116 unit: שִׁיר עֲגָבִים (šîr ʿǎḡā·ḇîm) love song, i.e., a song sung with words of a love theme, having entertainment value (Eze 33:32+)

6314 עֻגָה (ʿǔ·ḡā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5692; TWOT 1575a—LN 5.1–5.22 bread-cake, i.e., a round, flat bread baked (contrasted with an oven loaf) on hot stones and turned over to bake both sides (Ge 18:6; Ex 12:39; Nu 11:8; 1Ki 17:13; 19:6; Eze 4:12; Hos 7:8+)

עָגוֹל (ʿā·ḡôl) Holladay, BDB: see 6318

6315 עָגוּר (ʿā·ḡûr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5693; TWOT 1563a—LN 4.38–4.46 song bird, eastern nightingale, i.e., a non-predatory, non-water, migratory bird, with short swift wingspan, known for its singing or calls (Isa 38:14; Jer 8:7+),note: some specifically identify as “Bulbul,” or “short-footed Thrush,” a Persian songbird of the Pycnonotidae family; note: some translate “thrush,” or “crane.”

6316 עָגִיל (ʿā·ḡîl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5694; TWOT 1560e—LN 6.188–6.196 earring, i.e., an ornamental ring placed in the ear as an ornament (Nu 31:50; Eze 16:12+)

6317 עֲגִילָה (ʿǎḡî·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5699; TWOT 1560d—LN 6.29–6.40 circular shield, i.e., a rounded defensive weapon made of metal or animal hide (Ps 46:10[EB 9]+), note: for MT text, see 6322

6318 עָגֹל (ʿā·ḡōl): adj.; ≡ Str 5696; TWOT 1560c—LN 79.91–79.94 circular, round, i.e., pertaining to a shape that is a circle, round and without corners (1Ki 7:23, 31,35; 10:19; 2Ch 4:2+)

6319 עֵגֶל (ʿē·ḡěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5695; TWOT 1560a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 bull-calf, i.e., adolescent, weaned, nearly-mature male bovine (Lev 9:2, 3, 8; 1Sa 28:24; Ps 29:6; 68:31[EB 30]; Am 6:4; Mic 6:6; Mal 3:20[EB 4:2]+); 2. LN 6.96–6.101 calf-shaped idol, i.e., an idol in the shape of a bull calf, considered choice for meat consumption (Ex 32:4, 8, 19, 20, 24, 35; Dt 9:16, 21; 1Ki 12:28, 32; 2Ki 10:29; 17:16; 2Ch 11:15; 13:8; Ne 9:18; Ps 106:19; Isa 11:6; 27:10; Jer 31:18; 34:18, 19; 46:21; Eze 1:7; Hos 8:5, 6; 10:5; 13:2+)

6320 I. עֶגְלָה (ʿěḡ·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5697; TWOT 1560b—LN 4.1–4.37 heifer-calf, adolescent but mature female bovine (Ge 15:9; Dt 21:3, 4,6; Jdg 14:18; 1Sa 16:2; Isa 7:21; Jer 46:20; 50:11; Hos 10:11+)

6321 II. עֶגְלָה (ʿěḡ·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5698;—LN 93-pers. (female) Eglah: wife of David (2Sa 3:5; 1Ch 3:3+)

6322 עֲגָלָה (ʿǎḡā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5699; TWOT 1560d—LN 6.52–6.53 utility cart, i.e., a wheeled vehicle usually pulled by ox or cow, used to transport relatively heavy objects, as well as a threshing device using the wheels (Ge 45:19, 21, 27; 46:5; Nu 7:3,6, 7, 8; 1Sa 6:7,8, 10, 11, 14; 2Sa 6:3, 3; 1Ch 13:7; Ps 46:10[EB 9]; Isa 5:18; 28:27, 28; Am 2:13+), note: Ps 46:10[EB 9], for NIV text, see 6317

6323 I. עֶגְלוֹן (ʿěḡ·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5700;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eglon: king of Moab (Jdg 3:12, 14, 15, 17+)

6324 II. עֶגְלוֹן (ʿěḡ·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5700;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eglon: Canaanite royal city, or (Jos 10:3, 5, 23, 34, 36, 37; 12:12; 15:39+)

6325 עֶגְלַיִם (ʿěḡ·lǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5882;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eglaim: part of a compound name, En Eglaim, see 6536

6326 עֶגְלַת שְׁלִשִׁיָּה (ʿěḡ·lǎṯ šeli·šiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5697, 7992;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eglath Shelishiyah: currently unknown place (Isa 15:5; Jer 48:34+)

עגם (ʿgm): see 6327

6327 עָגַם (ʿā·ḡǎm): v.; ≡ Str 5701; TWOT 1561—LN 25.135–25.145 (qal pf.) grieve over, be sad for, i.e., be in a state of sadness over the plight of another, implying possibly that an action of showing pity will occur (Job 30:25+)

עגן (ʿgn): see 6328

6328 עָגַן (ʿā·ḡǎn): v.; ≡ Str 5702; TWOT 1562—1. LN 34.40–34.41 (nif impf.) keep withdrawn, i.e., be in a state of dis-association and so be alone in relation to that association (Ru 1:13+); 2. LN 34.66–34.78 unit: עָגַן לְ־ בִּלְתִּי הָיָה לְ־ אִישׁ (ʿā·ḡǎn l- bil·tî hā·yā(h) l- ʾîš)1 remain unmarried, formally, be withdrawn as not to belong to a man, i.e., remain in an unmarried state (Ru 1:13+), note: in context as a widow

6329 I. עַד (ʿǎḏ): adv. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 5703; TWOT 1565a—1. LN 67.78–67.141 forever, eternal, for ever and ever, continual, always, i.e., an unlimited duration of time, without end, and without reference to other points or units of time (Ex 15:18; 1Ch 28:9; Job 19:24; Ps 9:6[EB 5],19[EB 18]; 10:16; 19:10[EB 9]; 21:5[EB 4],7[EB 6]; 22:27[EB 26]; 37:29; 45:7[EB 6],18[EB 17]; 48:15[EB 14]; 52:10[EB 8]; 61:9[EB 8]; 83:18[EB 17]; 89:30[EB 29]; 92:8[EB 7]; 104:5; 111:3, 8, 10; 112:3, 9; 119:44; 132:12, 14; 145:1, 2, 21; 148:6; Pr 12:19; 29:14; Isa 9:5[EB 6]; 26:4; 45:17; 47:7; 57:15; 64:8[EB 9]; 65:18; Da 12:3; Am 1:11; Mic 4:5; 7:18+); 2. LN 67.78–67.141 old, ancient, i.e., pertaining to existing a long time back in the relative past, up to the point of the statement (Ge 49:26; Job 20:4; Hab 3:6+)

6330 II. עַד (ʿǎḏ): prep.; ≡ Str 5704; TWOT 1565c—1. LN 84.16–84.28 until, up to, as far as, i.e., an extension up to or as far as a spatial goal (Ge 10:19; Ps 147:6); 2. LN 67.118–67.135 until, up to, as far as, i.e., a continuous extent of time up to a point (1Sa 11:11); 3. LN 67.136–67.141 meanwhile, i.e., an extent of time within another extent of time (1Ki 18:45); 4. LN 78.51–78.53 up to, i.e., a degree extending to a certain point (Mal 3:10); 5. LN 59.11–59.22 much, i.e., an extent of a quantity (Ge 41:49); note: oth parse Isa 33:23 as n.masc. 6331; note: further study may yield more domains

6331 III. עַד (ʿǎḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5706; TWOT 1565b—1. LN 5.1–5.22 prey, i.e., that which is food to a predator (Ge 49:27+); 2. LN 57.232–57.248 war-booty, plunder-spoils, i.e., objects taken by victor after a battle or war, implying defeat of the enemy (Zep 3:8; Isa 33:23+), note: for NIV text in Zep 3:8, see 6332; note: oth parse Isa 33:23 as 6330; 3. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: אָב עַד (ʾāḇ ʿǎḏ)1 (BDB) Distributor of Booty, formally, father of plunder, i.e., a kind of military officer as a title of the child of Isaiah nine (Isa 9:5[EB 6]), note: though (most versions) “eternal father” see 6329, in a chiasmus construction, this would compare with “mighty God” and so be a proper contextual meaning

6332 עֵד (ʿēḏ): n.masc. [see also 6332.5]; ≡ Str 5707; TWOT 1576b—1. LN 29.6–29.12 witness, testimony, i.e., an object which is a symbol of a past event, and so acts as a memorial (Ge 31:44), see also domain LN 33.262–33.273; 2. LN 56.4–56.11 witness, testimony, i.e., the giving of evidence in a formal legal setting (Ex 20:16); note: for MT text in Zep 3:8, see 6331; Isa 33:8 see 6551; 3. LN 56.4–56.11 evidence, i.e., an object which is legal proof of an accusation (Ex 22:12); 4. LN 33.262–33.273 witness, i.e., a person which gives verbal testimony and provides information about a situation (Ex 23:1); note: for MT text in Isa 33:8, see 6551

I. עֵד הוּא בַּיִן ־נוּ (ʿēḏ hû(ʾ) bǎ·yin nû): n.pr. [see also 6332]; ≡ Str 5707; TWOT 1576b—LN 93-place (loc.) Witness Between Us, i.e., the name of an altar as a location (Jos 22:34+)

עֹד (ʿōḏ) Holladay: see 6388

6333 עִדֹּא (ʿid·dō(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5714;—LN 93-pers. (male) Iddo: an officer of provisions (1Ki 4:14+)

עֹדֵד (ʿō·ḏēḏ) Holladay, BDB: see 6389 (2Ch 15:8; 28:9+)

I. עדה (ʿdh): see 6334

II. עדה (ʿdh): see 6335

6334 I. עָדָה (ʿā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5710; TWOT 1565—1. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal pf.) prowl, i.e., move or wander about in search of prey, implying moving in a hidden or concealed manner with no particular destination (Job 28:8+); 2. LN 15.187–15.211 (hif ptcp.) remove, i.e., take something from one place and put in another (Pr 25:20+); 3. LN 49 unit: (hif ptcp.) עָדָה בֶּגֶד (ʿā·ḏā(h) bě·ḡěḏ)2 disrobe, formally, remove a garment, i.e., take clothing off someone, as a rude, distasteful act. (Pr 25:20+)

6335 II. עָדָה (ʿā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5710; TWOT 1565—1. LN 49 (qal) adorn oneself, i.e., put on ornaments, jewels, gold and silver trinkets as an act. decorating oneself and so beautify and give an aura of splendor (Isa 61:10; Jer 4:30; Eze 16:11, 13; 23:40; Hos 2:15[EB 13]+); 2. LN 87.19–87.57 glorify, i.e., attribute one as having high status as a figurative extension of clothing a person with ornaments (Job 40:10+); 3. LN 18.1–18.11 pick up, i.e., the act. of grasping and picking up an object, with a strong implication that this act. is part of an adorning process (Jer 31:4+), see also domain LN 49

6336 III. עָדָה (ʿā·ḏā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5711;—LN 93-pers. (female) Adah: 1. wife of Lamech (Ge 4:19, 20, 23+) 2. Esau’s Hittite wife (Ge 36:2, 4, 10, 12, 16+)

6337 I. עֵדָה (ʿē·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5712; TWOT 878a—1. LN 11.12–11.54 community, assembly, i.e., a socio-religious group as a congregation as a united gathering (Ex 12:3; Nu 16:5), note: for another interp in Jer 6:18, see 6338; 2. LN 11.1–11.11 gang, i.e., a band of evil people (Ps 22:17[EB 16]; 86:14); 3. LN 4.1–4.37 herd, i.e., a gathering of bovines (Ps 68:31[EB 30]); 4. LN 4.47–4.50 swarm, i.e., a group of flying insects (Jdg 14:8)

6338 II. עֵדָה (ʿē·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5713; TWOT 1576c, 1576e—1. LN 29.6–29.12 witness, i.e., an object which is given as a memorial or remembrance of an agreement (Ge 21:30; 31:52; Jos 24:27+), see also domain LN 33.262–33.273; 2. LN 33.262–33.273 witness, i.e., one who is able to give verbal testimony to an event (Jer 6:18+), note: for another interp in Jer 6:18, see 6337

6339 III. עֵדָה (ʿē·ḏā(h)): n.fem.—see 6343 (BDB form for עֵדוּת (ʿē·ḏûṯ) (Dt 4:45; 6:17, 20; 1Ki 2:3; 2Ki 17:15; 23:3; 1Ch 29:19; 2Ch 34:31; Ne 9:34; Ps 25:10; 78:56; 93:5; 99:7; 119:2–168 passim; 132:12; Jer 44:23+)

6340 עִדָּה (ʿid·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5708; TWOT 1564a—LN 23.142–23.184 menstruation, woman’s period, i.e., the action of a discharge of blood and tissue debris from the uterus, with the associative meaning of ceremonial uncleanness and undesirable filth (Isa 64:5[EB 6]+)

6341 עִדּוֹ (ʿid·dô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5714;—LN 93-pers. (male) Iddo: 1. grandfather of prophet Zechariah (Zec 1:1+), see also 6342(2.) 2. of Levi (1Ch 6:6[EB 21]+) 3. prophet who wrote some of the history of King Solomon (2Ch 12:15; 13:22+), see also 3587

6342 עִדּוֹא (ʿid·dô(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5714;—LN 93-pers. (male) Iddo: 1. father of a priest (Ne 12:4, 16+), note: for K in 16, see 6345 2. grandfather of prophet Zechariah (Zec 1:7+), see also 6341(1.)

6343 עֵדוּת (ʿē·ḏûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5715, 7802; TWOT 1576f—1. LN 33.333–33.342 statute, stipulation, regulation, i.e., a principle or contingent-particular point of law, having authority to give consequences for not keeping, with a possible focus that these commands serve as a warning, urging, or witness to the covenant agreement (1Ki 2:3; Ps 19:8[EB 7]); 2. LN 33.262–33.273 unit: הַ־ עֵדוּת (hǎ- ʿē·ḏûṯ) the Testimony, i.e., a written copy on stone of the precepts and stipulations of the covenant given to Moses, functioning as a witness between the parties (Ex 16:34), note: in some contexts this can refer to the tablets and the container (ark) they are contained in; 3. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: שׁוּשַׁן עֵדוּת (šû·šǎn ʿē·ḏûṯ) Lily of the Testimony, i.e., a musical direction of some unknown type, possibly a tune (Ps 60:1[EB title]; Ps 80:1[EB title]+), see also 6339

6344 עֲדִי (ʿǎḏî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5716; TWOT 1566a—1. LN 6.188–6.196 ornament, beautiful jewelry, i.e., adornments objects made of precious metals or jewels placed on the body for special ceremonies or just everyday adornment (Ex 33:4, 5, 6; 2Sa 1:24; Isa 49:18; Jer 2:32; 4:30; Eze 7:20; 16:7,11; 23:40+); 2. LN 25.1–25.11 desires, formally, ornament, i.e., act. of yearning and wanting a certain thing, or situation (Ps 103:5+), note: BHS ftn, see 6864; oth 6388 or 205; 3. LN 6.4–6.9 unit: רֶסֶן עֲדִי (rě·sěn ʿǎḏî) bridle, formally, ornament restraint, i.e., a leather device with metal rings worn as a harness on a large mammal, to control them (Ps 32:9+)

עדיא (ʿdyʾ) BDB: see 6345

6345 עֲדָיָא (ʿǎḏā·yā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5714;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adaia: father of a priest (Ne 12:16 K, note: for Q, see 6342(1.), note: none of the versions surveyed seem to support this reading, see Q

6346 עֲדִיאֵל (ʿǎḏî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5717;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adiel: 1. of Simeon (1Ch 4:36+) 2. a priest’s father (1Ch 9:12+), possibly cf. Ne 11:13, see 6475(5.) 3. father of Azmaveth (1Ch 27:25+)

6347 עֲדָיָה (ʿǎḏā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5718;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adaiah: 1. of Levi, a singer (1Ch 6:26[EB 41]+) 2. of Shimei (1Ch 8:21+) 3. son of Jeroham (1Ch 9:12; Ne 11:12+) 4. Grandfather of King Josiah (2Ki 22:1+) 5. see also 6347 6. a Judahite (Ne 11:5+) 7. son of Bani (Ezr 10:29+) 8. son of Binnui (Ezr 10:39+)

6348 עֲדָיָהוּ (ʿǎḏā·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5718;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adaiahu (Adaiah NIV): father of Maaseiah (2Ch 23:1+), see also 6347

עִדִּים (ʿid·dîm) Holladay, BDB: see 6340 (Isa 64:5+)

6349 I. עָדִין (ʿā·ḏîn): adj.; ≡ Str 5719; TWOT 1567c—LN 79.9–79.17 voluptuous, i.e., pertaining to being beautiful and desirable, implying a sensuality and desirability of a woman (Isa 47:8+), note: NIV translates “wanton creature;” note: 2Sa 23:8 usually transliterated as a n.pr., see 6352

6350 II. עָדִין (ʿā·ḏîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5720;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adin: signer of covenant (Ezr 2:15; 8:6; Ne 7:20; 10:17[EB 16]+), note: some sources see Ne 10:17[EB 16] as another person

6351 עֲדִינָא (ʿǎḏî·nā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5721;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adina: military leader for David (1Ch 11:42+)

6352 עֲדִינוֹ (ʿǎḏî·nô): n.pr. [possibly from 6349]; ≡ Str 5722;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adino: the Eznite (2Sa 23:8+ cf. 1Ch 11:11) (KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASB, Tanakh), note: others see original text as “wielded (or brandished) his spear (or battle-ax)” (NJB, NAB, NEB, REB), see 6424, see also BHS ftn

6353 עֲדִיתַיִם (ʿǎḏî·ṯǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5723;—LN 93-place (loc.) Adithaim: town in the northern Shephelah (Jos 15:36+)

6354 עַדְלַי (ʿǎḏ·lǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5724;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adlai: father of Shaphat, a herder (1Ch 27:29+)

עַדְלָי (ʿǎḏ·lāy) BDB: see 6354

6355 עֲדֻלָּם (ʿǎḏǔl·lām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5725;—LN 93-place (loc.) Adullam: town in the western foothills, of Judah, (Jos 12:15; 15:35; 1Sa 22:1; 2Sa 23:13; 1Ch 11:15; 2Ch 11:7; Ne. 11:30; Mic 1:15+), see also 6356

6356 עֲדֻלָּמִי (ʿǎḏǔl·lā·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5726;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Adullamite: pertaining to the city of Adullam (Ge 38:1, 12, 20+), see also 6355

עדן (ʿdn): see 6357

6357 עָדַן (ʿā·ḏǎn): v.; ≡ Str 5727; TWOT 1567—LN 25.80–25.84 (hitp impf.) have delight, be joyful, i.e., revel in the good life, and so be satisfied and content (Ne 9:25+)

6358 I. עֵדֶן (ʿē·ḏěn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5730; TWOT 1567a—1. LN 25.116–25.134 joy, formally, delight, i.e., a state of gladness based on a view of favorable circumstances (Ps 36:9[EB 8]+); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 delicacy, i.e., a food of very fine quality and a delight to eat (Jer 51:34+); 3. LN 6.152–6.187 finery, i.e., clothing of a very good quality (2Sa 1:24+)

6359 II. עֵדֶן (ʿē·ḏěn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5731; TWOT 1568—LN 93-place (terr) Eden: place of paradise (Ge 2:8; 4:16; Isa 51:3; Eze 28:13)

6360 III. עֵדֶן (ʿē·ḏěn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5731; TWOT 1568—LN 93-pers. (male) Eden: 1. a Gershonite (2Ch 29:12+) 2. assistant of Kore (2Ch 31:15+), note: possibly same as 1.

6361 עֶדֶן (ʿě·ḏěn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5729;—LN 93-place (terr) Eden: possibly an Aramaic city-state between the Euphrates and the Balikh River (1Ki 19:12; Isa 37:12; Eze 27:23+), see also 1114

6362 עֲדֶן (ʿǎḏěn): adv.; ≡ Str 5728; TWOT 1565c—LN 67.118–67.135 yet, hitherto, up to now, i.e., a marker of a continuous extent of time up to the present time of the narrative (Ecc 4:3+)

6363 עַדְנָא (ʿǎḏ·nā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5733;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adna: 1. : divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:30+) 2. a priest (Ne 12:15+)

6364 עֲדֶנָה (ʿǎḏě·nā(h)): adv.; ≡ Str 5728; TWOT 1565c—LN 67.128 still, i.e., a marker of an extension of time beyond an expected time (Ecc 4:2+)

6365 עַדְנָה (ʿǎḏ·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5734;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adnah: military officer of King Jehoshaphat (2Ch 17:14+)

6366 עֶדְנָה (ʿěḏ·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5730; TWOT 1567a—LN 25.102–25.115 pleasure, delight, i.e., a great joy based on a favorable circumstance (Ge 18:12+), note: in context it is likely the joy of motherhood, though possibly sexual sensual pleasure, see also domain LN 23.46–23.60

6367 עַדְנַח (ʿǎḏ·nǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5734;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adnah: officer of King Saul (1Ch 12:21[EB 20]+)

6368 עַדְעָדָה (ʿǎḏ·ʿā·ḏā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5735;—LN 93-place (loc.) Adadah: town in southern Judah (Jos 15:22+), note: for cj, see 6900

עדף (ʿdp): see 6369

6369 עָדַף (ʿā·ḏǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5736; TWOT 1569—LN 57.22–57.24 (hif pf.) have a surplus, have an excess, i.e., have a more than adequate amount (Ex 16:18+), note: for qal ptcp. as a noun, see 6369.5, 6369.6

עֹדֵף (ʿō·ḏēp̄): n.masc. [oth qal ptcp.masc.sing. of 6369]; ≡ Str 5736; TWOT 1569—LN 63.21–63.22 balance, remainder, what is left over, a part of a whole that continues, often implying an excess (Ex 16:23; 26:12a, 13; Lev 25:27; Nu 3:46, 48, 49+)

עֹדֶפֶת (ʿō·ḏě·p̄ěṯ): n.fem. [oth qal ptcp. fs of 6369]; ≡ Str 5736; TWOT 1569—LN 63.21–63.22 balance, remainder, what is left over, a part of a whole that continues, often implying an excess (Ex 26:12b+)

6370 I. עָדַר (ʿā·ḏǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5737; TWOT 1570, 1571, 1572—1. LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) fight as a military unit, fight as one as a figurative extension of a flock acting together (1Ch 12:34[EB 33],39[EB 38]+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 35.19–35.30 (qal) help, serve, i.e., render assistance to a person or group (1Ch 12:34[EB 33],39[EB 38]+)

6371 II. עָדַר (ʿā·ḏǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5737; TWOT 1570—LN 43 (nif) be cultivated, be weeded, i.e., remove weeds from a cultivated plot of ground, by hoeing or digging them up, possibly by pulling (Isa 5:6; 7:25+)

6372 III. עָדַר (ʿā·ḏǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5737; TWOT 1570—1. LN 57.37–57.48 (nif) be missing, be lacking, i.e., not have in possession (1Sa 30:19; Isa 34:16; 40:26; 59:15+); (piel) let be lacking (1Ki 5:7[EB 4:27]+); 2. LN 63.21–63.22 (nif) be left, i.e., remain over from a whole (2Sa 17:22+); 3. LN 13.21 (nif) fail, i.e., not attain to some measure (Zep 3:5+)

6373 I. עֵדֶר (ʿē·ḏěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5739; TWOT 1572a—LN 4.1–4.37 herd, flock, i.e., a group of mammal animals that range together, usually sheep or goats, but includes cows, camels, donkeys, etc. (Ge 29:2,3, 8; 30:40; 32:17[EB 16],20; Jdg 5:16; 1Sa 17:34; 2Ch 32:28; Job 24:2; Ps 78:52; Pr 27:23; SS 1:7; 4:1, 2; 6:5, 6; Isa 17:2; 32:14; 40:11; Jer 6:3; 13:17, 20; 31:10, 24; 51:23; Eze 34:12; Joel 1:18; Mic 2:12; 4:8; 5:7[EB 8]; Zep 2:14; Zec 10:3; Mal 1:14+); also part of a compound name, Migdal DEder,D (Mic 4:8), see 4468

6374 II. עֵדֶר (ʿē·ḏěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5740;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eder: son of Mushi (1Ch 23:23; 24:30+)

6375 III. עֵדֶר (ʿē·ḏěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5740;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eder: place in the Negev, likely near Beersheba (Jos 15:21+); also, a part of a compound name, Migdal Eder,, see 4468

6376 עֶדֶר (ʿě·ḏěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5738;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eder: family of Benjamin (1Ch 8:15+)

6377 עַדְרִיאֵל (ʿǎḏ·rî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5741;—LN 93-pers. (male) Adriel: son-in-law of King Saul (1Sa 18:19; 2Sa 21:8+)

עֲדָשָׁה (ʿǎḏā·šā(h)): see 6378

6378 עֲדָשִׁים (ʿǎḏā·šîm): n.masc. [oth n.fem.]; ≡ Str 5742; TWOT 1573—1. LN 3.13–13.32 lentil plant, i.e., a leguminous plant of the Lens genus, it’s bean is tasty for food (2Sa 23:11+); 2. LN 3.33–3.46 lentil bean, i.e., the fruit of the lentil plant (Ge 25:34; 2Sa 17:28; Eze 4:9+)

עֵדֻת (ʿē·ḏǔṯ) Holladay, BDB: see 6343

6379 עַוָּא (ʿǎw·wā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5755;—LN 93-place (loc.) Avva: city, location not currently known (2Ki 17:24+), possibly related to 6394

עוב (ʿwb): see 6380

6380 עוּב (ʿûḇ): v.; ≡ Str 5743; TWOT 1574—LN 78.44–78.50 (hif impf.) envelope, surround by permeating, formally, cover in a cloud, i.e., be in a state of a completive degree (La 2:1+), note: in context a complete degree of anger, very angry in punishment

6381 עוֹבֵד (ʿô·ḇēḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5744;—LN 93-pers. (male) Obed: 1. son of Boaz-Ruth (Ru 4:17, 21, 22; 1Ch 2:12+) 2. of Judah by Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:37, 38+) 3. a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:47+) 4. gatekeeper in David’s day (1Ch 26:7+) 5. father of helper of Jehoiada (2Ch 23:1+)

6382 עוֹבָל (ʿô·ḇāl): n.pr. [BDB: n.pr.gent.]; ≡ Str 5745;—LN 93-pers. (male) Obal: son of Joktan (Ge 10:28+), note: in 1Ch 1:22+ NIV emends text to same as 6508

עֹג (ʿōḡ) BDB: see 6384 (1Ki 4:19+)

עוג (ʿwg): see 6383

6383 עוּג (ʿûḡ): v.; ≡ Str 5746; TWOT 1575—LN 46 (qal impf.) bake a round, flat bread-cake, on hot stones or even on ash-coals of an open fire (Eze 4:12+)

6384 עוֹג (ʿôḡ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5747;—LN 93-pers. (male) Og: king of Bashan (Nu 21:33; 32:33; Dt 1:4; 3:1, 3, 4, 10, 11, 13; 4:47; 29:6[EB 7]; 31:4; Jos 2:10; 9:10; 12:4; 13:12, 30, 31; 1Ki 4:19; Ne 9:22; Ps 135:11; 136:20+)

6385 עוּגָב (ʿû·ḡāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5748; TWOT 1559c—LN 33.109–33.116 wind instrument, i.e., a reed-flute or pipe instrument making a musical sound by blowing into it or upon the opening of tube (Ge 4:21; Job 21:12; 30:31; Ps 150:4+), note: several other kinds of instruments have been suggested, including “Pan flute” and “bag pipe.”

עוד (ʿwd): see 6386

6386 I. עוּד (ʿûḏ): v.; ≡ Str 5749; TWOT 1576, 1576d—1. LN 18.12–18.23 (piel) bind, surround with ropes, i.e., attach ropes around an object so as to confine it (Ps 119:61+); 2. LN 35.1–35.18 (pilpel) sustain, relieve, help, i.e., come to the aid of a person, in any form (Ps 146:9; 147:6+); (hitpolel) help each other, hold each other up (Ps 20:9[EB 8]+); 3. LN 33.262–33.273 (hif) cause to testify, call on a witness, i.e., cause a person or entity to personally observe an event, and so be a future witness in a judicial proceedings (Dt 4:26); 4. LN 33.218–33.223 (hif) charge, declare, i.e., speak of something with certainty, with a focus that this assertion carries force of law (Dt 32:46; La 2:13); 5. LN 33.423–33.425 (hif) admonish, warn, i.e., tell someone of a future happening that is dangerous or an unfavorable circumstance, often with a possible contingency to change the future (Ex 19:21); (hof) be warned (Ex 21:29+)

6387 II. עוּד (ʿûḏ): v.—see 6386 alt. parsing in BDB

6388 עוֹד (ʿôḏ): adv.; ≡ Str 5750; TWOT 1576a—1. LN 67.118–67.135 longer, still, i.e., an extension of up to and beyond an expected point (2Sa 1:9); 2. LN 67.17–67.64 again, i.e., a subsequent point of time involving repetition (Ge 4:25); 3. LN 89.92–89.104 again, i.e., a marker of an addition relation involving a repetition (Eze 5:4); 4. LN 67.17–67.64 now, i.e., a marker of a point of time simultaneous with the event of the discourse itself (Jos 1:11)

עוֹד (ʿôḏ): n.[masc.]—see 6388

6389 עוֹדֵד (ʿô·ḏēḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5752;—LN 93-pers. (male) Oded: 1. father of a prophet to King Asa (2Ch 15:1, 8+) 2. another prophet opposing King Pekah (2Ch 28:9+)

עוה (ʿwh): see 6390

6390 I. עָוָה (ʿā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5753; TWOT 1577—1. LN 88.289–88.318 (qal) do wrong, sin, i.e., act. in a way contrary to a standard or law (Est 1:16; Da 9:5+); (hif) do wrong (2Sa 7:14; 19:20[EB 19]; 24:17; 1Ki 8:47; 2Ch 6:37; Ps 106:6; Jer 9:4[EB 5]+); 2. LN 88.262–88.270 (nif) perverse, warped, crooked, depraved, i.e., pertaining to that which is morally contrary and corrupt to what is just and right (1Sa 20:30; Pr 12:8+); (hif) pervert (Job 33:27; Jer 3:21+); 3. LN 20.31–20.60 (piel) ruin, i.e., cause a state of destruction (Isa 24:1+); 4. LN 79.88–79.90 (piel) make crooked, i.e., make a path have a non-direct or straight path (La 3:9+); 5. LN 17.29–17.33 (nif) bowed low, staggered, i.e., be in a bent over stance implying a great physical or emotional weight on the body, and so in a humbled stance (Ps 38:7[EB 6]; Isa 21:3+)

6391 II. עָוָה (ʿā·wā(h)): v.—see 6390 (2Sa 7:14; 19:20[EB 19]; 24:17; 1Ki 8:47; 2Ch 6:37; Job 33:27; Ps 106:6; Jer 9:4[EB 5]+)

6392 I. עַוָּה (ʿǎw·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5754; TWOT 1577b—LN 20.31–20.60 ruin, wreckage, rubble, i.e., the physical destruction of buildings and other structures (Eze 21:32[EB 27]+)

6393 II. עַוָּה (ʿǎw·wā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5755;—LN 93-place (loc.) Avvah: city, location not currently known (2Ki 17:24+), note: a v.r. spelling of 6379

6394 עִוָּה (ʿiw·wā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5755;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ivvah: site, perhaps in Syria (2Ki 18:34; 19:13; Isa 37:13+), possibly related to 6379

עֲווֹן (ʿǎwôn): see 6411 (1Ch 21:8)

עוֹז (ʿôz): see 6437 or 6395 (Ps 81:2[EB 1]; 84:6[EB 5]; Pr 24:5; 31:17+)

עוז (ʿwz): see 6395

6395 עוּז (ʿûz): v.; ≡ Str 5756; TWOT 1578—LN 21.9–21.13 (qal inf. cs.) take refuge, seek safety (Isa 30:2+); (hif) bring to refuge, give shelter (Ex 9:19; Isa 10:31; Jer 4:6; 6:1+)

עַוִּי (ʿǎw·wî) BDB: see 6398(LN 2.)

6396 I. עֲוִיל (ʿǎwîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5759; TWOT 1579b—LN 9.24–9.33 little boys, male youth, i.e., a young child in an adolescent time, characterized by excessive youthful energy, but not notably strong, and lack of wisdom (Job 16:11; 19:18; 21:11+), note: for another interp of Job 16:11, see 6397

6397 II. עֲוִיל (ʿǎwîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5760; TWOT 1580d—LN 88.105–88.125 evil one, unjust one, i.e., a person who has a quality of wickedness (Job 16:11+), note: for another interp, see 6396

6398 I. עַוִּים (ʿǎw·wîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5757, 5761;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Avvite: 1. inhabitants near Gaza (Dt 2:23; Jos 13:3+) 2. people living in Samaria (2Ki 17:31+)

6399 II. עַוִּים (ʿǎw·wîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5761;—LN 93-place (loc.) Avvim: town of Benjamin (Jos 18:23+)

6400 עֲוִית (ʿǎwîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5762;—LN 93-place (loc.) Avith: Moabite town (Ge 36:35; 1Ch 1:46 Q+), note: for K in First Chronicles, see 6511

I. עול (ʿwl): see 6401

II. עול (ʿwl): see 6402

6401 I. עָוַל (ʿā·wǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5765; TWOT 1580—LN 88.105–88.125 (piel) do evil, act. wrongfully, i.e., do a bad thing judged by a standard (Ps 71:4; Isa 26:10+)

6402 II. עוּל (ʿûl): v.; ≡ Str 5763; TWOT 1579—1. LN 23.1–23.39 (qal ptcp. fs) act. of nursing, i.e., the giving of milk from a mother to her young (Ge 33:13; 1Sa 6:7, 10+); 2. LN 4.1–4.37 (qal ptcp. fs) ones nursing, i.e., very young animal still dependant on mother’s milk (Ps 78:71; Isa 40:11+)

6403 III. עוּל (ʿûl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5764; TWOT 1579a—LN 9.1–9.23 nursing infant, suckling, i.e., a very young infant from birth to the time of weaning (Isa 49:15; 65:20+), note: for MT text in Job 24:9, see 6584

6404 עָוֶל (ʿā·wěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5766; TWOT 1580a—LN 88.289–88.318 wrong, evil, sin, injustice, dishonesty, fault, i.e., acts, behaviors, or persons which are contrary to a standard, so possibly incurring guilt and punishment (Lev 19:15, 35; Dt 25:16; 32:4; Job 34:10, 32; Ps 7:4[EB 3]; 53:2[EB 1]; 82:2; Pr 29:27; Jer 2:5; Eze 3:20; 18:8, 24, 26; 28:18; 33:13,15, 18+), note: for MT text in Eze 18:17, see 6714; see also domain LN 88.12–88.23

6405 עַוָּל (ʿǎw·wāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5767; TWOT 1580c—LN 88.105–88.125 evil one, unjust one, i.e., one who is in a class of persons who has the quality of wickedness in contrast to a standard of righteousness (Job 18:21; 27:7; 29:17; 31:3; Zep 3:5+)

6406 עַוְלָה (ʿǎw·lā(h)): n.fem. or poss.masc.; ≡ Str 5766; TWOT 1580a—LN 88.12–88.23 wickedness, evil, injustice, crime, i.e., be in a state of not being right or just, often with a focus that these wrongs are harmful or damaging to others (2Sa 3:34; 7:10; 1Ch 17:9; 2Ch 19:7; Job 6:29, 30; 11:14; 13:7; 15:16; 22:23; 24:20; 27:4; 36:23; Ps 37:1; 43:1; 58:3[EB 2]; 64:7[EB 6]; 89:23[EB 22]; 92:16[EB 15]; 107:42; 119:3; 125:3; Pr 22:8; Isa 59:3; 61:8; Eze 28:15; Hos 10:13; Mic 3:10; Hab 2:12; Zep 3:5, 13; Mal 2:6+), see also domain LN 88.105–88.125; see also 6594; note: in Ps 58:3[EB 2]; 64:7[EB 6]; Isa 61:8, see 6593, Job 5:16, see 6637

עוֹלָה (ʿô·lā(h))[1] Holladay, Lisowsky: see 6406 (Ps 58:3[EB 2]; 64:7[EB 6]; Isa 61:8+)

עוֹלָה (ʿô·lā(h))[2] Holladay, Lisowsky: see 6592

6407 עוֹלֵל (ʿô·lēl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5768; TWOT 1579c—LN 9.41–9.45 child, little one, i.e., male or female offspring, as a class of person from infancy to just prior mature adolescence, relatively defenseless to an attack (1Sa 15:3; 22:19; 2Ki 8:12; Job 3:16; Ps 8:3[EB 2]; 17:14; Isa 13:16; Jer 44:7; La 2:11, 20; Hos 14:1[EB 13:16]+)

6408 עוֹלָל (ʿô·lāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5768; TWOT 1579c—LN 9.41–9.45 child, little one, i.e., male or female offspring, as a class of person from infancy to just prior mature adolescence, relatively defenseless to an attack (Ps 137:9; Jer 6:11; 9:20[EB 21]; La 1:5; 2:19; 4:4; Joel 2:16; Mic 2:9; Na 3:10+)

עוֹלֵלוֹת (ʿô·lē·lôṯ): see 6622 (Isa 17:6; Isa 24:13; Jer 49:9+)

6409 עוֹלָם (ʿô·lām): adv. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 5769; TWOT 1631a—1. LN 67.78–67.117 everlasting, forever, eternity, i.e., pertaining to an unlimited duration of time, usually with a focus on the future (Ge 3:22); 2. LN 67.78–67.117 ancient, old, i.e., existing for a long time in the relative past (1Sa 27:8; Ps 119:52); 3. LN 67.78–67.117 lasting, for a duration, i.e., an undetermined duration of time without reference to other points of time, with a focus of no anticipated end, but nevertheless may have limits (Nu 25:13; Jer 18:16), note: for MT text in 2Ch 33:7, see 6409

6410 עוּן (ʿûn): v.; ≡ Str 6030; TWOT 1650—LN 85.67–85.85 (qal) dwell, abide, i.e., live in a place (Isa 13:22+), note: for another interp, see 6702

6411 עָוֹן (ʿā·wōn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5771; TWOT 1577a—1. LN 88.289–88.318 sin, wickedness, iniquity, i.e., wrongdoing, with a focus of liability or guilt for this wrong incurred (Ex 34:7); 2. LN 88.289–88.318 guilt, i.e., a judicial state of being liable for a wrong done, and so receive a punishment or judicial sentence (1Sa 20:8); 3. LN 38.1–38.13 punishment, i.e., justly inflict pain or damage to an object as a consequence of the object’s state of guilt or liability (Ge 4:13; 19:15), note: for another interp in Hos 10:10 Q, see 6412; note: for NIV text in 2Sa 16:12, see 6715; note: for MT text in Ps 73:7; Zec 5:6 see 6524

עָוַן (ʿā·wǎn), עֹוֵן (ʿō·wēn) BDB: see 6523 (1Sa 18:9 K)

6412 עוֹנָה (ʿô·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5869; TWOT 1612a, 1613—LN 88.289–88.318 sin, iniquity, i.e., an act. or state contrary to the will of God (Hos 10:10 Q+), for another interp, see 6411

עוֹנוֹת (ʿô·nôṯ) Lisowsky: see 6412

6413 עִוְעִים (ʿiw·ʿîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5773; TWOT 1577c—LN 23.142–23.184 pl. dizziness, staggering, i.e., a physical state in which one moves about in an erratic manner, with a focus on not being able to do what one normally does, implying an ill state (Isa 19:14+)

I. עוף (ʿwp): see 6414

II. עוף (ʿwp): see 6415

6414 I. עוּף (ʿûp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5774; TWOT 1582, 1583, 1583c—1. LN 15.245 (qal) fly, i.e., make linear movement through the air, usually by a self-directed use of wings by the object (Dt 4:17; 2Sa 22:11; Job 5:7; 20:8; Ps 18:11[EB 10]; 55:7[EB 6]; 90:10; 91:5; Pr 23:5b; 26:2; Isa 6:6; 11:14; 31:5; 60:8; Na 3:16; Hab 1:8; Zec 5:1, 2+); (polel) dart about flying (Ge 1:20; Isa 6:2+); (hitp) fly away (Hos 9:11+), note: here this refers to a state which no longer exists; 2. LN 15.238–15.243 (polel) dart about, i.e., swift movement of a snake (Isa 14:29; 30:6+); 3. LN 24.1–24.51 unit: (hif) עוּף עַיִן (ʿûp̄ ʿǎ·yin)1 quickly glance, i.e., look at an object for only a very brief time, implying not much thought or contemplation of the object will occur (Pr 23:5a Q+), note: Eze 32:20, see 6758

6415 II. עוּף (ʿûp̄): v.—see 9507 (BDB: qal impf. 2fs Job 11:17+)

6416 עוֹף (ʿôp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5775; TWOT 1582a—1. LN 4.38–4.46 bird, i.e., winged creature that can fly; both clean and unclean (Ge 1:20); 2. LN 4.47–4.50 winged insect, i.e., winged creature that can fly both clean and unclean (Lev 11:20, 21, 23; Dt 14:19, 20+)

6417 עוֹפַי (ʿô·p̄ǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5778;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ophai: Netophathite (Jer 40:8 K+), note: none of the versions surveyed seemed to support this reading, see Q, 6550

עוֹפֶרֶת (ʿô·p̄ě·rěṯ) Holladay: see 6769

עוץ (ʿwṣ): see 6418

6418 I. עוּץ (ʿûṣ): v.; ≡ Str 5779; TWOT 1584—LN 30.56–30.74 (qal) consider, devise, plan, i.e., think with the purpose or result of deciding on a course of action (Jdg 19:30; Isa 8:10+)

6419 II. עוּץ (ʿûṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5780;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uz: 1. grandson of Shem (Ge 10:23; 1Ch 1:17+) 2. son of Nahor (Ge 22:21+) 3. Horite descendant of Seir (Ge 36:28; 1Ch 1:42+)

6420 III. עוּץ (ʿûṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5780;—LN 93-place (terr) Uz: land in which Job lived, possibly a place E of Petra (Job 1:1; Jer 25:20; La 4:21+)

עוק (ʿwq): see 6421

6421 עוּק (ʿûq): v.; ≡ Str 5781; TWOT 1585—1. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) crush, i.e., a pressing motion which will squash an object, using great concentrated force, implying destruction (Am 2:13b+); (hif) cause to crush (Am 2:13a+), note: BDB parses as both hif; note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 16 (qal) totter, i.e., a tipping back and forth motion, implying instability and the forth-coming falling of an object (Am 2:13b+); (hif) cause to crush (Am 2:13a+)

I. עור (ʿwr): see 6422

II. עור (ʿwr): see 6423

III. עור (ʿwr): see 6424

6422 I. עָוַר (ʿā·wǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5786; TWOT 1586—1. LN 24.1–24.51 (piel) make blind, i.e., cause a person to not be able to see by destroying the eyeball (2Ki 25:7; Jer 39:7; 52:11+); 2. LN 33.262–33.273 cause to be unjust, give false testimony, formally, blind, i.e., give false testimony by omission as a figurative extension of not being able to see and remember an event (Ex 23:8; Dt 16:19+) see also domain LN 56

6423 II. עוּר (ʿûr): v.; ≡ Str 5783; TWOT 1588—LN 79.114–79.117 (nif impf.) uncovered, be laid bare, i.e., remove a covering off an object (Hab 3:9+)

6424 III. עוּר (ʿûr): v.; ≡ Str 5782; TWOT 1587—1. LN 42.7–42.28 (qal) alert, rouse, i.e., be in an alert state ready to do an action, as an extension of being in a physically awake state (Job 41:2[EB 10]); (nif) roused, alert (Job 14:12; Jer 6:22; 25:32; 50:41; Joel 4:12[EB 3:12]; Zec 2:17[EB 13]+); (polel) arouse (Job 3:8; Ps 80:3[EB 2]; Pr 10:12; SS 2:7; 3:5; 8:4, 5; Isa 14:9; Zec 9:13+); (hif) stir up, rouse, move (2Ch 21:16); (hitpolel) rouse oneself (Job 17:8; Isa 51:17; 64:6+); 2. LN 23.66–23.77 (qal) awake, i.e., be in a state of not sleeping, with a focus that this is an alert state to do an action (Jdg 5:12); (nif) wakened, aroused, be stirred up (Zec 4:1); (hif) waken (Isa 50:4); 3. LN 16 (polel) raise up, i.e., a non-linear motion of lifting an object with the hand high enough to strike an object with force (2Sa 23:18; 1Ch 11:11, 20; Isa 10:26+); 4. LN 88.167–88.170 (hitpolel) gloat, despise, formally, rouse oneself, i.e., feel a malicious satisfaction over another’s misfortune, implying hostility and anger (Job 31:29+); 5. LN 25.135–25.145 unit: (pilpel) עוּר זְעָקָה (ʿûr zeʿā·qā(h)) lament, raise a shout, i.e., make sounds of wailing and mourning (Isa 15:5+), note: for MT text in 2Sa 23:8, see 6352

6425 עוֹר (ʿôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5785; TWOT 1589a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 hide, leather, i.e., an animal skin usually processed for various functions (Lev 13:48); 2. LN 8.1–8.8 body, formally, skin, i.e., the surface of the body that feels the cold (Ex 22:26); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 skin, i.e., the largest organ of the body that covers its entire surface (Lev 13:2); 4. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: עוֹר פָּנֶה (ʿôr pā·ně(h)) face, formally, appearance of the skin, i.e., the part of the body of the eyes, nose, mouth, and cheeks (Ex 34:29); 5. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: עוֹר שֵׁן ־ִי (ʿôr šēn i-y) gums, i.e., the tissue surrounding and holding the teeth in place (Job 19:20); 6. LN 57.142–57.145 unit: עוֹר בַּעַד עוֹר (ʿôr bǎ·ʿǎḏ ʿôr) fair exchange, formally, skin for skin, i.e., possessions and family in exchange for one’s life (Job 2:4); note: some suggest the object of reciprocation for taking away Job’sing. family and possessions will be the LORD, i.e., Job will attack and curse יהוה (yhwh) as the law of fair retribution Lex Talionis, note: there are many differing meanings proposed for this idiom, see WBC17:44

6426 עִוֵּר (ʿiw·wēr): adj.; ≡ Str 5787; TWOT 1586a—1. LN 24.1–24.51 blind, i.e., pertaining to not being able to see (Lev 21:18; Dt 15:21), note: some sources say even a one-eyed person was considered blind; 2. LN 32.42–32.61 unknowledgeable, i.e., pertaining to a person who is dull and not able to understand (Isa 56:10)

עִוֵּר (ʿiw·wēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5787; TWOT 1586a—1. LN 24.1–24.51 blind person, i.e., one who is not able to see, as a class of persons of low status (Dt 28:29); 2. LN 32.42–32.61 unknowledgeable, i.e., a person who is dull and not able to understand, implying unresponsiveness (Isa 42:18)

עוֹרֵב (ʿô·rēḇ) Holladay: see 6854, 6855

6427 עִוָּרוֹן (ʿiw·wā·rôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5788; TWOT 1586b, 1586c—LN 24.1–24.51 blindness, i.e., a state or condition of not being able to see, implying a state of confusion (Dt 28:28; Zec 12:4+)

עורים (ʿwrym) BDB, עֲוָרִים (ʿǎwā·rîm) Holladay: see 6555

6428 עַוֶּרֶת (ʿǎw·wě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5788; TWOT 1586b—LN 24.1–24.51 the blind, i.e., a creature that is not able to see, implying a lesser value for the animal (Lev 22:22+)

עושׁ (ʿwš): see 6429

6429 עוּשׁ (ʿûš): v.; ≡ Str 5789; TWOT 1590—1. LN 68.79–68.82 (qal imv.) be quick, hurry, i.e., do something hurriedly implying energy and suddenness (Joel 4:11[EB 3:11]+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 35.1–35.18 (qal imv.) give help, i.e., provide assistance in an event (Joel 4:11[EB 3:11]+); 3. LN 15.123–15.134 (qal imv.) assemble, i.e., to gather together a group (Joel 4:11[EB 3:11]+)

עות (ʿwt) KB, Holladay: see 6430, 6431

עות (ʿwt)[1] Lisowsky: see 6430

עות (ʿwt)[2] Lisowsky: see 6431

6430 עָוַת (ʿā·wǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 5791; TWOT 1591—1. LN 88.262–88.270 (piel) pervert, do wrong, i.e., behave in a way morally corrupt, with a focus that one has departed from a straight or righteous behavior (Job 8:3; 19:6; 34:12; Ps 119:78; La 3:36; Am 8:5+); 2. LN 17.29–17.33 (hitp) stoop, formally, bend oneself over, i.e., be in a bent over stance, as a figurative extension of a twisted or crooked object (Ecc 12:3+); 3. LN 79.88–79.90 (piel) make crooked, make twisted, i.e., make or create an object that is not straight, as a feature of that object (Ps 146:9; Ecc 7:13+), note: in some contexts this is an undesireable shape for a road or path, making travel relatively difficult; (pual) twisted (Ecc 1:15+)

6431 עוּת (ʿûṯ): v.; ≡ Str 5790; TWOT 1592—LN 35.1–35.18 (qal ) help, i.e., come to the aid of another, implying the satisfactory meeting of the needs of the one helped (Isa 50:4+), note: many change text to various solutions, see KB, BDB, WBC25:195

6432 עַוָּתָה (ʿǎw·wā·ṯā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5792; TWOT 1591a—1. LN 88.12–88.23 injustice, wrong done, i.e., a deprivation of justice (La 3:59+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 22.21–22.28 oppression, i.e., the causing of trouble and distress toward another (La 3:59+)

6433 עוּתַי (ʿû·ṯǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5793;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uthai: 1. of Judah (1Ch 9:4+) 2. returnee from captivity with Ezra (Ezr 8:14+)

6434 עַז (ʿǎz): adj.; ≡ Str 5794; TWOT 1596a—1. LN 76 strong, mighty, powerful, i.e., pertaining to the exertion of great force (Nu 13:28; Jdg 14:14, 18; 2Sa 22:18; Ne 9:11; Ps 18:18[EB 17]; 59:4[EB 3]; Pr 30:25; SS 8:6; Isa 19:4; 25:3; 26:1; 43:16; Eze 7:24+), note: for a focus on ability or potency, see also domain LN 74; 2. LN 78.1–78.27 intense, fierce, harsh, strong, i.e., pertaining to a very high degree on a relative scale of extent, implying exertion of great energy, violence, or force (Ge 49:7; Ex 14:21; Dt 28:50; Pr 18:23; 21:14; Isa 56:11; Da 8:23+), see also domain LN 20.1–20.11; 3. LN 55.2–55.6 fortified, i.e., pertaining to being in a built up state, usually with defensive walls, and so be able to defend against a military attack (Nu 21:24; Am 5:9+), see also LN 45

6435 עָז (ʿāz): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5794; TWOT 1596a—LN 76 power, strength, might, i.e., be in a condition in which one can exert great force, with a focus of having ability (Ge 49:3+), see also 6437

6436 עֵז (ʿēz): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5795; TWOT 1654a—1. LN 4.19 female goat, she-goat, i.e., a female four-footed, hollow-horned, ruminate mammal of genus Capra (1Sa 25:2); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 goat hair, goat wool, i.e., the slender, thread-like out-growth of the epidermis of an animal (Ex 25:4; 26:7; 35:6, 23, 26; 36:14; Nu 31:20; 1Sa 19:13, 16+), note: this hair used to make cloth products

6437 עֹז (ʿōz): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5797; TWOT 1596b—1. LN 76 strength, power, might, i.e., a condition in which one can exert great force or withstand great force, with a focus of having ability to do what is desired, intended, or necessary (Ex 15:13; Ps 89:11[EB 10]), see also 6435; see also domain LN 74; 2. LN 7.26–7.53 fortification, stronghold, i.e., a place or structure which is a safe place to reside against attacks (Pr 10:15; 14:26; 18:11, 19; 21:22; Jer 51:53; Eze 24:21; Am 3:11), either because of high walls, or because of a high inaccessible position; 3. LN 88.223–88.226 stubbornness, formally, strength, i.e., unwillingness to change a behavior, showing pride and self-will (Lev 26:19), note: for MT text in 2Sa 6:5, see 6770

6438 עֻזָּא (ʿǔz·zā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5798;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uzza: 1. one related to a royal garden (2Ki 21:18, 26+) 2. ancestor of some returnees from captivity, (Ezr 2:49; Ne 7:51+), see also 6446 3. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:7+) 4. (Uzzah NIV) a priest struck for unauthorized touching the ark (2Sa 6:3, 6; 1Ch 13:7, 9, 10, 11+), see also 6446(1.); also part of a compound name, Perez Uzza, see 7290

6439 עֲזָאזֵל (ʿǎzā(ʾ)·zēl): n.[masc.] [oth n.pr. pagan demon god ]; ≡ Str 5799; TWOT 1593—LN 53.1–53.15 scapegoat, i.e., a goat released (not sacrificed) into the desert as a ceremony of releasing sin from the community out to a desolate place (Lev 16:8, 10,26+), note: the name of the goat may refer to a desert demon, or Satan; (ASV, RSV, NRSV, NAB, NJB, REB, Tanakh) Azazel; (NEB) the Precipice

I. עזב (ʿzb): see 6440

II. עזב (ʿzb): see 6441

6440 I. עָזַב (ʿā·zǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 5800; TWOT 1594, 1595—1. LN 34.22–34.30 (qal) abandon, reject, desert, i.e., to leave a former association (1Ki 18:18); (qal pass.) abandoned, deserted, forsaken (Isa 6:12; 10:14; 17:2, 9; 54:6; 60:15; 62:4; Jer 4:29; Zep 2:4+); (nif) abandoned, be forsaken, be neglected (Lev 26:43; Ne 13:11; Job 18:4; Ps 37:25; Isa 7:16; 18:6; 27:10; 62:12; Eze 36:4+); (pual) abandoned, be deserted(Isa 32:14; Jer 49:25+); 2. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) leave, i.e., to depart from an area with linear motion, implying a continuing state or condition (Jos 8:17); 3. LN 85.65–85.66 (qal) leave behind, abandon, i.e., cause an object to stay in a place while the participant leaves (Ge 39:6); 4. LN 87.76–87.86 (qal) release, i.e., free one from a prison or condition of servitude (2Ch 28:14), see also domain LN 37.127–37.138; (qal pass.) freed (Dt 32:36; 1Ki 14:10; 21:21; 2Ki 9:8; 14:26+), note: for another interp, see 6441; note: further study may yield more domains

6441 II. עָזַב (ʿā·zǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 5800; TWOT 1594—1. LN 13.48–13.68 (qal) restore, i.e., bring something back to an original condition, implying effort to accomplish the goal (Ne 3:8, 34[EB 4:2]+); (qal) help restore, i.e., bring something back to an original state with a focus on the energy needed to restore the condition (Ex 23:5+); 2. LN 45 (qal) pave, i.e., lay down a layer of solid material (even bricks) as a pavement floor in a city or possibly a wall surface (Ne 3:8, 34[EB 4:2]+), note: some parse all these verses as 6440

עִזָּבוֹן (ʿiz·zā·ḇôn) BDB: see 6442

6442 עִזְבוֹנִים (ʿiz·ḇô·nîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5801; TWOT 1594b—LN 57.186–57.188 merchandise, goods, i.e., wares of a merchant which are bought, sold, and traded (Eze 27:12, 14, 16, 19, 22, 27, 33+)

עִזְּבוֹנִים (ʿiz·zeḇô·nîm) Lisowsky: see 6442

6443 עַזְבּוּק (ʿǎz·bûq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5802;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azbuk: father of a lesser-known Nehemiah (Ne 3:16+)

6444 עַזְגָּד (ʿǎz·gāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5803;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azgad: signer of the covenant (Ezr 2:12; 8:12; Ne 7:17; 10:16[EB 15]+)

6445 עַזָּה (ʿǎz·zā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5804;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gaza: town in SW Israel, (Ge 10:19; Dt 2:23; Jos 10:41; 11:22; 15:47; Jdg 1:18; 6:4; 16:1, 21; 1Sa 6:17; 1Ki 5:4[EB 4:24]; 2Ki 18:8; Jer 25:20; 47:1, 5; Am 1:6, 7; Zep 2:4; Zec 9:5+), see also 6484, note: for MT text in 1Ch 7:28, see 6509

6446 עֻזָּה (ʿǔz·zā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5798;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uzzah: 1. priest struck for unauthorized touching the ark (2Sa 6:7, 8+), see also 6438(4.) 2. of Levi (1Ch 6:14[EB 29]+); also part of a compound name, Perez Uzza, see 7290.5

6447 I. עֲזוּבָה (ʿǎzû·ḇā(h)): n.fem. [KB, Holladay: qal pass.ptcp.fem. of 6440]; ≡ Str 5805; TWOT 1594a—LN 1.86–1.87 deserted place, i.e., a place with few or no people (Isa 17:9+), note: oth parse as qal pass. of 6440

6448 II. עֲזוּבָה (ʿǎzû·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5806;—LN 93-pers. (female) Azubah: 1. wife of Caleb (1Ch 2:18, 19+) 2. mother of king of Judah (1Ki 22:42; 2Ch 20:31+)

6449 עֱזוּז (ʿězûz): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5807; TWOT 1596c—1. LN 76 power, strength, i.e., the ability to do something by the exertion of force (Ps 78:4; 145:6+); 2. LN 55.2–55.6 violence, i.e., power that is exerted in fighting a war (Isa 42:25+)

6450 עִזּוּז (ʿiz·zûz): adj.; ≡ Str 5808; TWOT 1596d—1. LN 76 strong, powerful, i.e., pertaining to the ability to do something by the exertion of force (Ps 24:8+); 2. LN 55.7–55.13 heavy military division, i.e., a very powerful segment of an army (Isa 43:17+), note: apparently this refers to the heavy armor division of “chariots and horses” so combined with troops as a very powerful unit, cf. Ex 14

עזּוּר (ʿzûr) Holladay, עַזּוּר (ʿǎz·zûr) BDB: see 6473 (Ne 10:18[EB 17]; Jer 28:1+)

עזז (ʿzz): see 6451

6451 עָזַז (ʿā·zǎz): v.; ≡ Str 5810; TWOT 1596—1. LN 76 (qal) be strong, i.e., have ability to use force, implying confidence and security (Ps 68:29[EB 28]; 89:14[EB 13]; Pr 8:28; Ecc 7:19+); 2. LN 39.52–39.61 (qal) overpower, triumph, oppress, i.e., conquer or gain victory over another (Jdg 3:10; 6:2; Ps 9:20[EB 19]; Da 11:12+); 3. LN 58.14–58.18 (hif) put on a bold face, be brazen, i.e., have an outward form expressing a bold expression (Ps 52:9[EB 7]; Pr 7:13; 21:29+)

6452 עָזָז (ʿā·zāz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5811;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azaz: of Reuben (1Ch 5:8+)

6453 עֲזַזְיָהוּ (ʿǎzǎz·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5812;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azaziahu (Azaziah NIV): 1. of Ephraim (1Ch 27:20+) 2. a temple musician (1Ch 15:21+) 3. an officer of contributions (2Ch 31:13+)

6454 עֻזִּי (ʿǔz·zî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5813;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uzzi: 1. of Aaron (1Ch 5:31, 32[EB 6:5, 6]; 6:36[EB 51]; Ezr 7:4+) 2. grandson of Issachar (1Ch 7:2, 3+) 3. grandson of Benjamin (1Ch 7:7+) 4. another of Benjamin (1Ch 9:8+) 5. Levite overseer in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 11:22+) 6. priest in the high priesthood of Joiakim (Ne 12:19+) 7. priest in the dedication of the wall (Ne 12:42+)

6455 עֻזִּיָּא (ʿǔz·ziy·yā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5814;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uzzia: great warrior for David (1Ch 11:44+)

6456 עֲזִיאֵל (ʿǎzî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5815;—LN 93-pers. (male) Aziel: Levite, temple musician (1Ch 15:20+), see also 3595

6457 עֻזִּיאֵל (ʿǔz·zî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5816;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uzziel: 1. of Levi (Ex 6:18, 22; Lev 10:4; Nu 3:19, 30; 1Ch 5:28[EB 6:2]; 6:3[EB 18]; 15:10; 23:12, 20; 24:24+), see also 6458 2. of Simeon (1Ch 4:42+) 3. grandson of Benjamin (1Ch 7:7+) 4. musician (1Ch 25:4+); see also 6475(2.) 5. Levite in the days of Hezekiah (2Ch 29:14+) 6. wall builder of Jerusalem (Ne 3:8+)

6458 עָזִּיאֵלִי (ʿāz·zî·ʾē·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5817;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Uzzielite: pertaining to Uzziel (Nu 3:27; 1Ch 26:23+), see 6457(1.)

6459 עֻזִּיָּה (ʿǔz·ziy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5818;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uzziah: 1. king of Judah (2Ki 15:13, 30; Hos 1:1; Am 1:1; Zec 14:5+), see also 6481(1.), 6460(1.) 2. of Levi, see also (1Ch 6:24[EB 39]+), see also 6481(25.) 3. see 6460 4. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:21+) 5. of Judah (Ne 11:4+)

6460 עֻזִּיָּהוּ (ʿǔz·ziy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5818;—LN 93-pers. (male) Uzziahu (Uzziah NIV): 1. king of Judah (2Ki 15:32, 34; 2Ch 26:1–23 passim; 27:2; Isa 1:1; 6:1; 7:1+), see 6459(1.) 2. father of an officer of storehouses (1Ch 27:25+)

6461 עֲזִיזָא (ʿǎzî·zā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5819;—LN 93-pers. (male) Aziza: divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:27+)

עזל (ʿzl) Lisowsky: see 6465

עָזַל (ʿā·zǎl) Lisowsky: v.; ≡ Str 5819;—LN 49 (pual ptcp.) woven, pertaining to being formed by the process of weaving (Eze 27:19+), note: NIV translates as a n.pr., see 207.5

6462 I. עַזְמָוֶת (ʿǎz·mā·wěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5820;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azmaveth: 1. a great warrior (2Sa 23:31; 1Ch 11:33+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 12:3+), note: possibly same as 1. 3. of Saul (1Ch 8:36; 9:42+) 4. treasury officer (1Ch 27:25+), note: possibly same as 1.

6463 II. עַזְמָוֶת (ʿǎz·mā·wěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5820;—LN 93-place (loc.) Azmaveth: village (Ezr 2:24; Ne 12:29+), see also 1115

6464 עַזָּן (ʿǎz·zān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5821;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azzan: of Issachar (Nu 34:26+)

6465 עָזְנִיָּה (ʿāz·niy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5822; TWOT 1596e—LN 4.38–4.46 carrion bird, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature of prey or carrion (Lev 11:13; Dt 14:12+), note: KJV, ASV, RSV, NRSV, NAB, NJB, “ospray, osprey;” NASB, NKJV, “buzzard;” NEB, REB, “bearded vulture;” NIV, Tanakh, “black vulture.”

עזק (ʿzq): see 6466

6466 עָזַק (ʿā·zǎq): v.; ≡ Str 5823; TWOT 1597—LN 43 (piel) till, dig, i.e., loosen and move dirt and sod with an implement, to prepare a field for cultivation (Isa 5:2+)

6467 עֲזֵקָה (ʿǎzē·qā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5825;—LN 93-place (loc.) Azekah: town in the Shephelah of Judah, (Jos 10:10, 11; 15:35; 1Sa 17:1; 2Ch 11:9; Ne 11:30; Jer 34:7+)

עזר (ʿzr): see 6468

6468 עָזַר (ʿā·zǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5826; TWOT 1598—1. LN 35.1–35.18 (qal) help, support, aid, i.e., give aid or assistance to another (Ge 49:25); (qal pass.) helped (Isa 31:3+); (nif) helped, receive help (1Ch 5:20; 2Ch 26:15; Ps 28:7; Da 11:34+); (hif) help another (2Ch 28:23+), note: for qal ptcp. as a noun, see 6468.5; 2. LN 78.28–78.39 (qal) add to, i.e., increase the intensity of a state, as an extension of aiding or helping another (Zec 1:15)

עֹזֵר (ʿō·zēr): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 6468; ≡ Str 5826; TWOT 1598—LN 35.1–35.18 helper, assistant, i.e., one who gives assistance (2Ki 14:26; 1Ch 12:1, 19[EB 18]; Job 9:13; 29:12; 30:13; Ps 10:14; 22:12[EB 11]; 30:11[EB 10]; 54:6[EB 4]; 72:12; 107:12; 118:7; Isa 63:5; Jer 47:4; La 1:7; Eze 30:8; 32:21; Da 11:45+)

6469 I. עֵזֶר (ʿē·zěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5828; TWOT 1598a—1. LN 35.1–35.18 helper, assistant, i.e., one who assists and serves another with what is needed (Ge 2:18, 20; Ex 18:4; Dt 33:29; Eze 12:14; Hos 13:9+); 2. LN 35.1–35.18 help, assistance, i.e., acts of supplying what is needed to another (Dt 33:7, 26; Ps 20:3[EB 2]; 33:20; 70:6[EB 5]; 115:9, 10, 11; 121:1, 2; 124:8; 146:5; Isa 30:5; Da 11:34+); 3. LN 76 strength, formally, help, i.e., power to accomplish a task (Ps 89:20[EB 19]+), note: some change text to 5694 or 5694.5, note: for another interp, see next; 4. LN 9.24–9.33 boy, lad, i.e., a young person of relatively little power compared to a great warrior (Ps 89:20[EB 19]+), note: this meaning based on Ugaritic analogy, see WBC20:410

6470 II. עֵזֶר (ʿē·zěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5827, 5829;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ezer: 1. see 733 2. of Judah (1Ch 4:4+) 3. of Ephraim (1Ch 7:21+) 4. of Gad (1Ch 12:10[EB 9]+) 5. a wall builder (Ne 3:19+) 6. see 6472

6471 I. עֶזֶר (ʿě·zěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7320;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ezer: part of a compound name, Romamti-Ezer, see 8251

6472 II. עֶזֶר (ʿě·zěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5829;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ezer: musician (Ne 12:42+)

6473 עַזֻּר (ʿǎz·zǔr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5809;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azzur: 1. a signer of covenant (Ne 10:18[EB 17]+) 2. father of Hananiah, a false prophet (Jer 28:1+) 3. father of Jaazaniah (Eze 11:1+)

6474 עֶזְרָא (ʿěz·rā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5830;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ezra: 1. a returnee from captivity (Ne 12:1, 13+), note: see also 6481(21.) 2. another priest (Ne 12:33+) 3. a Jewish scribe and priest, author of book with his name (Ezra 7:1–10:16 passim; Ne 8:1–12:36 passim+)

6475 עֲזַרְאֵל (ʿǎzǎr·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5832;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azarel: 1. of Benjamin (1Ch 12:7[EB 6]+) 2. a temple musician (1Ch 25:18+), see also 6457(4.) 3. of Dan (1Ch 27:22+) 4. one in a foreign marriage (Ezr 10:41+) 5. a priest of Nehemiah’s day (Ne 11:13+); note: possibly cf. 3492, 6346(2.) 6. a musician of Nehemiah’sing. day (Ne 12:36+)

6476 I. עֶזְרָה (ʿěz·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5833; TWOT 1598b—1. LN 35.1–35.18 helper, assistant, i.e., one who assists and serves another with what is needed (Ps 27:9; 35:2; 40:14[EB 13]; 44:27[EB 26]; 46:2[EB 1]; 63:8[EB 7]; 94:17; Na 3:9+); 2. LN 35.1–35.18 help, assistance, i.e., acts of supplying what is needed to another (Jdg 5:23; 2Ch 28:21; Job 6:13; Ps 22:20[EB 19]; 38:23[EB 22]; 40:18[EB 17]; 60:13[EB 11]; 70:2[EB 1]; 71:12; 108:13[EB 12]; Isa 10:3; 20:6; 31:1, 2; Jer 37:7; La 4:17+); 3. LN 87.19–87.57 influence, i.e., the power to persuade by stature in the community, implying speaking in civil courts (Job 31:21+), see also domain LN 33.299–33.306

6477 II. עֶזְרָה (ʿěz·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5834;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ezrah: of Judah (1Ch 4:17+)

6478 עֲזָרָה (ʿǎzā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5835; TWOT 1599a—1. LN 7.26–7.53 outer court, an open area, yet enclosed with doors, as a part of a larger building complex (2Ch 4:9; 6:13+); 2. LN 6.106–6.117 ledge, barrier, plinth, i.e., a base or subjnct.-base as a surrounding ledge or stone framework around the earthen core of the altar (Eze 43:14,17, 20; 45:19+)

6479 עֶזְרִי (ʿěz·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5836;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ezri: officer of agriculture (1Ch 27:26+); also part of a compound name, Abiezrite, see 49

6480 עַזְרִיאֵל (ʿǎz·rî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5837;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azriel: 1. of Manasseh (1Ch 5:24+) 2. of Naphtali (1Ch 27:19+) 3. father of Seraiah (Jer 36:26+)

6481 עֲזַרְיָה (ʿǎzǎr·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5838;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azariah: 1. king of Judah (2Ki 14:21; 15:1, 7, 17, 23, 27; 1Ch 3:12+), see also 6459(1.), 6482(1.) 2. of Judah (1Ch 2:8+) 3. another of Judah (1Ch 2:38, 39+) 4. see 6482(2.) 5. see 6482(3.) 6. a Levite 1Ch 5:35[EB 6:9]+ 7. another Levite 1Ch 5:36[EB 6:10]+ 8. yet another Levite 1Ch 5:37[EB 6:11]; Ezr 7:3+ 9. see 6482(4.) 10. son of Jehoshaphat (2Ch 21:2a+), see also 6482(11.) 11. see 6482(5.) 12. see 6482(6.) 13. see 6482(7.) 14. see 6482(8.) 15. see 6482(9.) 16. see 6482(10.) 17. see 6482(11.) 18. a wall builder (Ne 3:23, 24+) 19. one in the entourage of Zerubbabel (Ne 7:7+), see also 8588 20. a teacher (Ne 8:7+) 21. signer of covenant (Ne 10:3[EB 2]+), see also 6474 22. a marcher in dedication to temple walls (Ne 12:33+) 23. son of Hoshaiah (Jer 43:2+) 24. The Hebrew name of Abednego (Da 1:6, 7, 11, 19+), see also 10538 25. Father of a Levite (1Ch 6:21[EB 36]+), see also 6482(8.) 26. of Hilkiah (1Ch 5:39, 40[EB 6:13, 14]; 1Ch 9:11; Ezr 7:1+)

6482 עֲזַרְיָהוּ (ʿǎzǎr·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5838;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azariahu (Azariah NIV): 1. a king of Judah (2Ki 15:6, 8), see also 6481(1.) 2. a priest, of Solomon’s time (1Ki 4:2+) 3. a high official in Solomon’sing. time (1Ki 4:5+) 4. a prophet in the days of King Asa (2Ch 15:1, 8+) 5. a commander (2Ch 23:1 a+) 6. another commander (2Ch 23:1b+) 7. high priest in King Uzziah’sing. day (2Ch 26:17, 20+) 8. of Ephraim (2Ch 28:12+) 9. Father of a Levite (2Ch 29:12a; 31:13+) 10. another Levite (2Ch 29:12b+) 11. high priest of King Hezekiah (2Ch 31:10+) 12. another son of Jehoshaphat 2Ch 21:2+, see also 6481(10.), note: spelled “Azariahu” in the NIV, note: for NIV text in 2Ch 22:6, see 302

6483 עַזְרִיקָם (ʿǎz·rî·qām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5840;—LN 93-pers. (male) Azrikam: 1. of David, of Solomon (1Ch 3:23+) 2. of Saul, of Jonathan (1Ch 8:38; 9:44+) 3. a Levite (1Ch 9:14; Ne 11:15+) 4. palace commander of Ahaz (2Ch 28:7+)

עֶזְרָת (ʿěz·rāṯ), עֶזְרָתָה (ʿěz·rā·ṯā(h)) BDB: see 6476

6484 עַזָּתִי (ʿǎz·zā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5841;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Gazite: pertaining to Gaza (Jos 13:3; Jdg 16:2+), see also 6445

6485 עֵט (ʿēṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5842; TWOT 1600—LN 6.54–6.67 writing tool, i.e., a device used for writing, held in the hand, which can be made of metal (stylus) or reeds (pen), the former for impressing and chipping in stone, and the latter for dipping in ink and writing on skin or papyrus (Job 19:24; Ps 45:2[EB 1]; Jer 8:8; 17:1+)

I. עטה (ʿṭh): see 6486

II. עטה (ʿṭh): see 6487

6486 I. עָטָה (ʿā·ṭā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5844; TWOT 1601, 1602—1. LN 49 (qal) clothe, cover oneself, wrap oneself, i.e., place a clothing piece around any part of the body, or the whole body (Lev 13:45; 1Sa 28:14; Ps 71:13; 104:2; 109:19, 29; SS 1:7; Isa 59:17; Jer 43:12; Eze 24:17, 22; Mic 3:7+), note: in some contexts this may refer to a state or condition, see also domain LN 13.1–13.47; (hif) cover (Ps 89:46[EB 45]+), note: in some contexts this may refer to causing a state or condition; 2. LN 79.114–79.117 (hif) cover, i.e., place an object or mass over another object (Ps 84:7[EB 6]+), note: for another interp in Jer 43:12, see 6487; for another interp of Isa 61:10, see 3598 qal; note: for SS 1:7 cj, see 3246

6487 II. עָטָה (ʿā·ṭā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 4593, 5844; TWOT 1602—1. LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) grasp, i.e., take hold of an object or person, with a focus on the resulting control over the object or person, possibly implying force (Isa 22:17+); (pual) be grasped (Eze 21:20[EB 15]+), for another interp, see 5072; 2. LN 47 to delouse, i.e., to pick lice or other small bugs off a garment of a person who lives in the outdoors (Jer 43:12), for another interp, see 6486

6488 עָטוּף (ʿā·ṭûp̄): adj. [BDB: qal pass.ptcp.masc.pl. of 6494]; ≡ Str 5848; TWOT 1605, 1606, 1607—1. LN 65.1–65.16 weak, feeble, i.e., pertaining to lacking in value due to having poor quality of desireable features of a domesticated animal (Ge 30:42b+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 faint, feeble, i.e., pertaining to be in a sick or weakened state so as to lose consciousness momentarily as one event or episodic events (La 2:19+), note: in context this might mean a listless state, but not necessarily lose consciousness

6489 עֲטִין (ʿǎṭîn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5845; TWOT 1604a—1. LN 6.118–6.151 pail, bucket, i.e., a container for holding liquid (Job 21:24+), note: some either change text, or translate this text as the internal bowels of a person; 2. LN 23.129–23.141 unit: עֲטִין מָלֵא חָלָב (ʿǎṭîn mā·lē(ʾ) ḥā·lāḇ) healthy body, formally, pail full of milk, i.e., a body which has the nutrition necessary for health, as a figurative extension of a pail full of milk (Job 21:24+), note: for a cj, see 6492

6490 עֲטִישָׁה (ʿǎṭî·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5846; TWOT 1609a—LN 14.74–14.86 snorting, i.e., the blowing of air through the nose as a more or less controlled act. of an animal excited for action (Job 41:10[EB 18]+), note: some sources translate “sneezing” as an involuntary action of an irritated lung or sinus of an animal, see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

6491 עֲטַלֵּף (ʿǎṭǎl·lēp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5847; TWOT 1603—LN 4.38–4.46 bat, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; (most versions) bat, i.e., any of several species of the family Chiroptera as a flying mammal (Lev 11:19; Dt 14:18; Isa 2:20+), note: to categorize a bat as a bird is not used in western taxonomy

6492 עָטָם (ʿā·ṭām): n.fem.—LN 8.9–8.69 thigh, i.e., the part of the body from the hip to the knee (Job 21:24 cj+), note: for MT text, see 6489

I. עטף (ʿṭp): see 6493

II. עטף (ʿṭp): see 6494

6493 I. עָטַף (ʿā·ṭǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5848; TWOT 1605—1. LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) be covered, i.e., to have a space completely filled as the feature of an object or area, as a figurative extension of a body being clothed in a garment or mantle (Ps 65:14[EB 13]+); 2. LN 13.1–13.47 unit: עָטַף שִׁית (ʿā·ṭǎp̄ šîṯ)2 be in a state or condition, formally, wrap with a garment, i.e., exist in a certain condition as a figurative extension of being clothed in a garment (Ps 73:6+); 3. LN 16 turn aside, i.e., change a direction as a pivotal motion, as a non-linear movement, with might then follow with a linear movement (Job 23:9+)

6494 II. עָטַף (ʿā·ṭǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5848; TWOT 1605—1. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) grow faint, become weak, i.e., begin to lose physical strength and so have a feeling of weakness bordering on losing consciousness, due to sickness, or excessive emotional stress (Ps 61:3[EB 2]; 102:1[EB title]; Isa 57:16+), note: for a focus on severe emotional anxiety, see also domain LN 25.223–25.250; (nif) be faint (La 2:11+); (hitp) ebb away, grow faint (Ps 77:4[EB 3]; 107:5; 142:4[EB 3]; 143:4; La 2:12; Jnh 2:8[EB 7]+); 2. LN 65.1–65.16 (hif) weak, feeble, i.e., pertaining to lacking in value due to having poor quality of desireable features of a domesticated animal (Ge 30:42a+), note: for qal pass. as a, see 6488

6495 III. עָטַף (ʿā·ṭǎp̄): v. [BDB:]—see 6493 (Ps 65:14[EB 13]; 73:6+)

עטר (ʿṭr): see 6496

6496 I. עָטַר (ʿā·ṭǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5849; TWOT 1608, 1608b—LN 15.146–15.147 (qal) surround, envelope, close in upon, i.e., to completely be around a person or object, and so not allow an object or persons to pass. in or out of an area (1Sa 23:26; Ps 5:13[EB 12]+)

6497 II. עָטַר (ʿā·ṭǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5849; TWOT 1608—1. LN 85.32–85.54 (piel) crown, i.e., place a wreath or metal adornment on the head as a symbol of rulership (SS 3:11+); (hif ptcp.) bestow a crown, i.e., one who places a crown on another person (Isa 23:8+); 2. LN 87.4–87.18 honor, formally, crown, i.e., place high status or blessing on a person or object as a figurative extension of placing a wreath or crown on a head (Ps 8:6[EB 5]; 65:12[EB 11]; 103:4+)

6498 I. עֲטָרָה (ʿǎṭā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5850; TWOT 1608a—1. LN 6.188–6.196 crown, i.e., a precious metal adornment worn on the head often as a symbol of rulership or high status (2Sa 12:30; 1Ch 20:2; Est 8:15; Job 19:9; 31:36; Ps 21:4[EB 3]; Pr 4:9; 12:4; 14:24; 16:31; 17:6; SS 3:11; Isa 62:3; Jer 13:18; La 5:16; Eze 16:12; 21:31[EB 26]; 23:42; Zec 6:11, 14+); 2. LN 6.188–6.196 circlet, wreath, i.e., an object made of plant material as an adornment, as a descriptive term for the appearance of a walled city on a hill as a figure for a wreath on a head (Isa 28:1, 3, 5+), note: some translate as “crown,” see above

6499 II. עֲטָרָה (ʿǎṭā·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5851;—LN 93-pers. Atarah: wife of a Judahite (1Ch 2:26+)

6500 עֲטָרוֹת (ʿǎṭā·rôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5852;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ataroth: 1. town of Gad, (Nu 32:3, 34+) 2. town of Joseph’s progeny (Jos 16:2, 7+)

6501 עַטְרוֹת אַדָּר (ʿǎṭ·rôṯ ʾǎd·dār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5853;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ataroth Addar: border town of Benjamin and Ephraim (Jos 16:5; 18:13+)

6502 עַטְרוֹת בֵּית יוֹאָב (ʿǎṭ·rôṯ bêṯ yô·ʾāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5854;—LN 93-place (loc.) Atroth Beth Joab: of Judah (1Ch 2:54+)

6503 עַטְרוֹת שׁוֹפָן (ʿǎṭ·rôṯ šô·p̄ān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5855;—LN 93-place (loc.) Atroth Shophan: town in Moab E of the Jordan (Nu 32:35+)

6504 עַי (ʿǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5857;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ai: 1. a town near Bethel (Ge 12:8; Jos 7:2; 8:1; Ezr 2:28; Ne 7:32); note: in Isa 10:28, possibly see 6569; note: in Ne 11:31, see also 6509 2. a place possibly near Heshbon, E of the Jordan (Jer 49:3+), or see 1.

6505 עִי (ʿî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5856; TWOT 1577d—1. LN 20.31–20.60 heap of rubble, i.e., a mound of building material in a random pile, as a result of destruction (Ps 79:1; Jer 26:18; Mic 1:6; 3:12+); 2. LN 22.15–22.20 (RSV, NRSV) the needy, one in distress, i.e., one who experiences trouble and hardship as a figurative extension of pile of rubble as a destroyed structure (Job 30:24+), note: NIV, “broken man”

עַיָּא (ʿǎy·yā(ʾ)) BDB: see 6509 (Ne 11:31+)

עיב (ʿyb) Holladay, BDB: see 6380

6506 I. עֵיבָל (ʿê·ḇāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5858;—LN 93-place (a mountain) Ebal: mountain just N of Shechem (Dt 11:29; Dt 27:4, 13; Jos 8:30, 33+)

6507 II. עֵיבָל (ʿê·ḇāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5858;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ebal: son of Horite chief Shobal (Ge 36:23; 1Ch 1:40+)

6508 III. עֵיבָל (ʿê·ḇāl): n.pr. [BDB: n.pr.gent.]; ≡ Str 5858;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ebal: son of Joktan (1Ch 1:22+), note: see NEB, NIV text note, same as 6382

6509 עַיָּה (ʿǎy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5857;—LN 93-place (loc.) Aija: 1. a town, currently not located (Ne 11:31+), see also 6504 2. Ayyah: town of Ephraim (1Ch 7:28+), note: see BHS ftn for alt. spelling, see 6445

6510 עִיּוֹן (ʿiy·yôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5859;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ijon: town of Naphtali, (1Ki 15:20; 2Ki 15:29; 2Ch 16:4+)

עיות (ʿywt) BDB: see 6511

6511 עֲיוֹת (ʿǎyôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5762;—LN 93-place (loc.) Aioth: Moabite town (1Ch 1:46 K+), note: for Q, see 6400, note: none of versions surveyed supported this reading, see Q

עיט (ʿyṭ): see 6512

6512 I. עִיט (ʿîṭ): v.; ≡ Str 5860; TWOT 1610, 1610b—LN 33.387–33.403 (qal impf.) insult, i.e., speak words of slander and defamation at another (1Sa 25:14+)

6513 II. עִיט (ʿîṭ): v.; ≡ Str 5860; TWOT 1610—LN 57.232–57.248 (qal) plunder, formally, pounce with shrieks, i.e., the motion of grasping objects, so stealing things as an act. of victory over another, with a focus on the chaos and noise that occurs in this military act. (1Sa 14:32 Q; 15:19+), see also domain LN 18.1–18.11

6514 עַיִט (ʿǎ·yiṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5861; TWOT 1610a—LN 4.38–4.46 (coll.) carrion birds, i.e., birds that eat dead things, such as a vulture (Ge 15:11; Eze 39:4+); birds of prey, i.e., birds that hunt for living victims to kill (Job 28:7; Isa 18:6; 46:11; Jer 12:9+), note: this may be one class of bird

6515 עֵיטָם (ʿê·ṭām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5862;—LN 93-place (loc.) Etam: 1. a cave of Samson (Jdg 15:8, 11+) 2. town of Simeon (1Ch 4:32+) 3. town in the hill country of Judah, (2Ch 11:6+), note: some sources, note: 1Ch 4:3 in the NIV emends text to “sons of Etam,” yet the meaning of בֵּן (bēn) is problematic, see 6515.5

עֵיטָם (ʿê·ṭām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5862;—LN 93-pers. (male) Etam: of Judah (1Ch 4:3+)

6516 עִיֵּי הָעֲבָרִים (ʿiy·yê hā·ʿǎḇā·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5863;—LN 93-place (loc.) Iye Abarim: stopping place along the wilderness route (Nu 21:11; 33:44+), see also 6517(2.)

6517 עִיִּים (ʿiy·yîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5864;—LN 93-place (loc.) 1. Iim: site in S Judah (Jos 15:29+) 2. Iyim: stopping place along the wilderness route, see also 6516

6518 עֵילוֹם (ʿê·lôm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5865; TWOT 1631a—see 6409 (2Ch 33:7 MT+)

עֵילַי (ʿê·lǎy) BDB: see 6519

6519 עִילַי (ʿî·lǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5866;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ilai: great warrior for David (1Ch 11:29+), see also 7514

6520 I. עֵילָם (ʿê·lām): n.pr. [Holladay: and gent.]; ≡ Str 5867;—LN 93-place Elam: 1. (terr) area covering the territory of the Zagros Mountain range and of modern Luristan and Khuszistan, NE of the Persian Gulf (in modern Iran) with its capital at Susa (Ge 14:1, 9; Isa 11:11; Jer 49:38; Da 8:2+), note: for gent., see 6521(11.) 2. town in Judea (Ezr 2:31; Ne 7:34+), note: some interp as a person, though arguably context favors as a place (cf. Ezr 2:7; Ne 7:12), see 6521(10.)

6521 II. עֵילָם (ʿê·lām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5867;—LN 93-pers. (male) Elam: 1. of Shem (Ge 10:22; 1Ch 1:17+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:24+) 3. son of gatekeeper (1Ch 26:3+) 4. returnee of captivity (Ezr 2:7; Ne 7:12+) 5. father of returnees from captivity (Ezr 8:7+) 6. father of Jehiel, a divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:2; Ezr 10:26+) 7. sealer of covenant Nehemiah (Ne 10:15[EB 14]+) 8. dedicator of rebuilt walls of Jerusalem (Ne 12:42+) 9. see 6520 10. another returnee of captivity (Ezr 2:31; Ne 7:34+), note: some interp this person as a place, which arguably context favors, see 6520(2.) 11. (gent.) Elamite: people from the terr of Elam (Isa 21:2; 22:6; Jer 25:25; 49:34, 35, 36,37, 39; Eze 32:24+), see also 6520(1.)

6522 עֲיָם (ʿǎyām): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5868; TWOT 1611—LN 14.4–14.9 scorching wind, hot wind, i.e., a heated wind which will dry up a water source (Isa 11:15+), note: for KB, Holladay, and BHS ftn text in Isa 11:15, see 6797

עין (ʿyn): see 6523

עִין (ʿîn) BDB: see 6523

6523 עָיַן (ʿā·yǎn): v.; ≡ Str 5770; TWOT 1612—LN 30.1–30.38 (qal) watch, i.e., to think about and pay close attention to someone, implying having bad feelings about the object being watched (1Sa 18:9+ Q)

6524 I. עַיִן (ʿǎ·yin): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5869; TWOT 1612a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 eye, i.e., a part of the body that is the eye gate (Ex 21:24); 2. LN 32.11–32.18 understanding, formally, eye, i.e., to come to understand as a mental perception (Ge 3:5); 3. LN 24.1–24.51 sight, i.e., the capacity to see (Lev 26:16); 4. LN 83.33–83.41 presence, before, formally, eye, i.e., to be in a place in which others can observe (Ex 17:6); 5. LN 1.69–1.78 spring of water, i.e., a water source which comes up from a ground water source, a valuable spot in arid land (Ex 15:27); note: for NIV text in Ps 73:7; Zec 5:6 see 6411; 6. LN 58.14–58.18 outward appearance, visual form, i.e., a form which is seen (1Sa 16:7); 7. LN 30.1–30.38 unit: בְּ־ עַיִן (b- ʿǎ·yin)1 think, i.e., to process information, with a focus on the content and possibly conclusion from the thought (Ge 19:14; 2Sa 4:10); 8. LN 24.1–24.51 unit: נָשָׂא אֵת עַיִן (nā·śā(ʾ) ʾēṯ ʿǎ·yin)1 look up, formally, lift up the eyes, i.e., see an object with the eye (Ge 13:10); 9. LN 25.85–25.98 unit: מָצָא חֵן בְּ־ עַיִן (mā·ṣā(ʾ) ḥēn b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be pleased, formally, find grace in the eyes, i.e., find an object acceptable, and so have a feeling of pleasure and acceptance (Ex 33:13); 10. LN 25.102–25.115 unit: יָטַב חֵן בְּ־ עַיִן (yā·ṭǎḇ ḥēn b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be pleased, formally, be good in the eyes, i.e., find an object acceptable, and so have a feeling of pleasure and acceptance (Ge 41:37); 11. LN 25.85–25.98 unit: יָשַׁר בְּ־ עַיִן (yā·šǎr b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be pleased, formally, straight in the eyes, i.e., find an object acceptable, and so have a feeling of pleasure and acceptance (Nu 23:27); 12. LN 25.85–25.98 unit: רָעַע בְּ־ עַיִן (rā·ʿǎʿ b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be displeased, formally, evil in the eyes, i.e., find an object unacceptable, and so have a feeling of displeasure (Nu 22:34); 13. LN 25.85–25.98 unit: טוֹב בְּ־ עַיִן (ṭôḇ b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be pleased, formally, be good in the eyes, i.e., find an object acceptable, and so have a feeling of pleasure and acceptance (Nu 24:1); 14. LN 25.85–25.98 unit: טוֹב בְּ־ עַיִן (ṭôḇ b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be pleased, formally, good in the eyes, i.e., find an object acceptable, and so have a feeling of pleasure and acceptance (1Ki 21:2); 15. LN 83.33–83.41 unit: עַיִן בְ־ עַיִן (ʿǎ·yin ḇ- ʿǎ·yin)1 face to face, formally, eye to eye, i.e., be in the presence of someone, so be in a spatial position in front of another (Nu 14:14); 16. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: הַ־ יָשָׁר בְּ־ עַיִן (hǎ- yā·šār b- ʿǎ·yin)1 personal standard, see fit, formally, right in the eyes, i.e., a standard which is not tied to a larger religious, social, or legal framework (Jdg 17:6), note: this may imply rebellion against an authority, which results in anarchy; 17. LN 88.167–88.170 unit: קָלַל (qā·lǎl) … בְּ־ עַיִן (b- ʿǎ·yin) 1 be despised, formally, light in the eyes, i.e., have a feeling of contempt and low value, possibly implying an envy or jealousy, bordering on anger (Ge 16:4); 18. LN 88.192–88.197 unit: בָּזָה (bā·zā(h)) … בְּ־ עַיִן (b- ʿǎ·yin) 1 be despised, formally, light in the eyes, i.e., have a feeling of contempt and low value, possibly implying a lack of respect for a superior (Est 1:17); 19. LN 25.223–25.250 unit: רָעַע בְּ־ עַיִן (rā·ʿǎʿ b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be distressed, formally, evil in the eyes, i.e., have a feeling of anxiety and distress (Ge 21:12); 20. LN 28.1–28.16 unit: הָיָה בְּ־ עַיִן (hā·yā(h) b- ʿǎ·yin)1 appear to be, look like, formally, be in the eyes, i.e., have a situation become known, using perceptions, but not necessarily only the sight gate of perception (Ge 27:12); 21. LN 83.33–83.41 unit: לְ־ עַיִן (l- ʿǎ·yin)1 in front of, formally, to the eye, i.e., be in a spatial position before something (Ge 30:41); 22. LN 83.33–83.41 unit: נֶגֶד עַיִן (ně·ḡěḏ ʿǎ·yin)1 before, formally, front of the eye, i.e., be in a spatial position before something (Ps 26:3); 23. LN 1.39–1.45 unit: עַיִן הַ־ אֶרֶץ (ʿǎ·yin hǎ- ʾě·rěṣ) ground surface, formally, eye of the earth, i.e., a relatively large area of ground surface (Ex 10:5); 24. LN 90.20 unit: בְ־ עַיִן (ḇ- ʿǎ·yin)1 by, formally, in sight of, a marker of a viewpoint of a person (Ex 11:3); 25. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: בַּיִן עַיִן (bǎ·yin ʿǎ·yin)1 on the forehead, formally, between the eyes, i.e., part of the body just above the eyes, below the hairline (Ex 13:9); 26. LN 28.68–28.83 unit: עָלַם בְּ־ עַיִן (ʿā·lǎm b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be unaware, hidden, formally, shut the eyes, i.e., not have a public knowledge of something (Lev 4:13); 27. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: גַּב עַיִן (gǎḇ ʿǎ·yin)1 eyebrow, formally, rim of the eye, i.e., a line of hair just above the eye of a human face (Lev 14:9); 28. LN 24.1–24.51 unit: הָלַךְ מִן עַיִן (hā·lǎḵ min ʿǎ·yin)1 disappear, formally, walk from the eyes, i.e., to no longer be visible to the eye (Jdg 6:21); 29. LN 87.4–87.18 unit: גָּדַל בְּ־ עַיִן (gā·ḏǎl b- ʿǎ·yin)1 value highly, formally, great in the eyes, i.e., have a feeling of respect and honor, implying also an action of honor (1Sa 26:24), see also domain LN 65.1–65.16; 30. LN 25.156–25.166 unit: מְאֹד בְּ־ עַיִן (meʾōḏ b- ʿǎ·yin)1 confidence, formally, full in the eyes, have a feeling or attitude which as a lack of fear, and a steadfastness or firmness, especially about future events (Ne 6:16); 31. LN 87.58–87.75 unit: שַׁח עַיִן (šǎḥ ʿǎ·yin)1 downcast, formally, downward of eye, i.e., be in a state of low status, lacking honor in a society, implying the person in this low state is in a discouraged state (Job 22:29); 32. LN 23.66–23.77 unit: פָּקַח עַיִן (pā·qǎḥ ʿǎ·yin)1 stay awake, formally, open the eyes, i.e., be in an alert, active state which is not sleep (Pr 20:13), note: further study may yield more domains

6525 II. עַיִן (ʿǎ·yin): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5872, 5873, 5874, 5875, 5876, 5877, 5878, 5879, 5880, 5881, 5882, 5883, 5884, 5885, 5886, 5887; TWOT 1613—1. LN 93-place (loc.) Fountain Gate: an entrance area (Ne 2:14; 3:15; 12:37+); also part of a compound name, En … see 6526–6540; 2. LN 93-place

6526 III. עַיִן (ʿǎ·yin): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5871;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ain: 1. an eastern border town, (Nu 34:11+) 2. town of Judah (Jos 15:32; 19:7; 21:16; 1Ch 4:32+); also, a part of a compound name, En …,D see 6527–6540

6527 עֵין גֶּדִי (ʿên gě·ḏî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5872;—LN 93-place (loc.) En Gedi: of Judah, an ancient oasis, near the Salt Sea, (Jos 15:62; 1Sa 24:1[EB 23:29]; 24:2[EB 1]; 2Ch 20:2; SS 1:14; Eze 47:10+), see also 2954

6528 עֵין גַּנִּים (ʿên gǎn·nîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5873;—LN 93-place (loc.) En Gannim: 1. town of Issachar, assigned to the Levites (Jos 19:21; 21:29+), note: some dispute as the location 2. town of Judah in the western foothills (Jos 15:34+), note: in Jos 21:29, cf. also 6722

6529 עֵין־דֹּאר (ʿên-·dō(ʾ)r): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5874;—LN 93-place (loc.) Endor: town of Manasseh, where Barak defeated Canaanites, (Ps 83:11[EB 10]+), see also 6529.5, 6529.6

עֵין־דּוֹר (ʿên-·dôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5874;—LN 93-place (loc.) Endor: town of Manasseh, where Barak defeated Canaanites (1Sa 28:7+), see also 6529

עֵין־דֹּר (ʿên-·dōr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5874;—LN 93-place (loc.) Endor: town of Manasseh, where Barak defeated Canaanites (Jos 17:11+), see also 6529

6530 עֵין הַקּוֹרֵאַ (ʿên hǎq·qô·rēaʾ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5875;—LN 93-place (loc.) En Hakkore: probably of Judah, a spring from which Samson drank (Jdg 15:19+)

6531 עֵין הַתַּנִּין (ʿên hǎt·tǎn·nîn): n.pr.—LN 93-place (loc.) (formally,) En Hattannin: (Jackal Well NIV) a well in Jerusalem (Ne 2:13+), note: the versions translate as, Dragon Well (fountain, or spring), (KJV, NRSV, NEB, REB, NJB NAB), Serpent Well (NKJV), Jackal Well (or Spring) (ASV, RSV, NIV, Tanakh), see the word parts 6524 + 9490

6532 עֵין חַדָּה (ʿên ḥǎd·dā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5876;—LN 93-place (loc.) En Haddah: town of Issachar, (Jos 19:21+), note: some sources

6533 עֵין חָצוֹר (ʿên ḥā·ṣôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5877;—LN 93-place (loc.) En Hazor: town of Naphtali (Jos 19:37+)

6534 עֵין חֲרֹד (ʿên ḥǎrōḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5878;—LN 93-place (loc.) (NEB, REB, Tanakh, NJB, NAB) En Harod: (most versions) spring of Harod, a place used for military camp (Jdg 7:1+);

6535 עֵין מִשְׁפָּט (ʿên miš·pāṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5880;—LN 93-place (loc.) En Mishpat: another name for a Kadesh (Ge 14:7+), see also 7729

6536 עֵין עֶגְלַיִם (ʿên ʿěḡ·lǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5882;—LN 93-place (loc.) En Eglaim: on the shore of the Dead Sea, probably Ain Feshka (Eze 47:10+)

6537 עֵין רֹגֵל (ʿên rō·ḡēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5883;—LN 93-place (loc.) En Rogel: spring in the Kidron Valley, S of Jerusalem, (Jos 15:7; 18:16; 2Sa 17:17; 1Ki 1:9+)

6538 עֵין רִמּוֹן (ʿên rim·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5884;—LN 93-place (loc.) En Rimmon: town Judah-Simeon, after the exile (Ne 11:29+), note: possibly related to 8234(4.)

6539 עֵין שֶׁמֶשׁ (ʿên šě·měš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5885;—LN 93-place (loc.) En Shemesh: border town of Benjamin and Judah, just E of Bethany, (Jos 15:7; 18:17+)

6540 עֵין תַּפּוּחַ (ʿên tǎp·pûaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5887;—LN 93-place (loc.) En Tappuah: town the Shephelah of Judah (Jos 17:7+), see also 9517(2.)

עֵינָה (ʿê·nā(h)) BDB: see 6412 (Hos 10:10 K+)

6541 עֵינוֹן (ʿê·nôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2703;—LN 93-place (loc.) Enon (Enan NIV): part of a compound name, Hazar Enan, see 2965

6542 עֵינַיִם (ʿê·nǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5879;—LN 93-place (loc.) Enaim: town in the lowland of Judah, on the road to Timnah (Ge 38:14, 21+), see also 6543

6543 עֵינָם (ʿê·nām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5879;—LN 93-place (loc.) Enam: town in the lowland of Judah, on the road to Timnah (Jos 15:34+), see also 6542

6544 עֵינָן (ʿê·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5881;—LN 93-pers. (male) Enan: of Naphtali, father of Ahira (Nu 1:15; 2:29; 7:78, 83; 10:27+); also part of a compound name, Hazar Enan, see 2966

עיף (ʿyp) Holladay: see 6545

עיף (ʿyp)[2] KB, Lisowsky: see 6545

עִיף (ʿîp̄)[1] BDB: see 6415

עיּף (ʿyp) Holladay: see 6414 (Pr 23:5)

6545 עִיף (ʿîp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5774, 5888; TWOT 1614—1. LN 23.78–23.87 (qal) be exhausted, be weary, i.e., be in a state of extreme tiredness, implying a need for rest (Jdg 4:21; 1Sa 14:31; 2Sa 21:15; Jer 4:31+); 2. LN 23.1–23.39 be faint, i.e., be in a state of weakness due to lack of proper calories in a very physical endeavor (1Sa 14:28+)

6546 עָיֵף (ʿā·yēp̄): adj.; ≡ Str 5889; TWOT 1614a—LN 23.78–23.87 weary, faint, i.e., pertaining to being a weakened physical condition, requiring food, drink and rest to recuperate (Ge 25:29, 30; Dt 25:18; Jdg 8:4, 5, 15; 2Sa 16:14; 17:29; Job 22:7; Ps 63:2[EB 1]; 143:6; Pr 25:25; Isa 5:27; 28:12; 29:8; 32:2; 46:1; Jer 31:25+), note: see also domain LN 23.1–23.39

6547 I. עֵיפָה (ʿê·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5890; TWOT 1583d—1. LN 14.53–14.62 darkness, i.e., a state of a lack of light, partial or absolute (Am 4:13+); 2. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: אֶרֶץ עֵיפָה (ʾě·rěṣ ʿê·p̄ā(h))1 death, formally, land of darkness, i.e., the state of death as a figurative extension of the dark underworld (Job 10:22+)

6548 II. עֵיפָה (ʿê·p̄ā(h)): n.pr. [BDB: pr.gent.]; ≡ Str 5891;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ephah: unknown place mentioned with Midian (Isa 60:6+), note: some sources relate to 6549(2.)

6549 III. עֵיפָה (ʿê·p̄ā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5891;—LN 93-pers. Ephah: 1. see also 6548 2. son of Abraham-Keturah (Ge 25:4; 1Ch 1:33+) 3. concubine of Caleb (1Ch 2:46+) 4. of Judah (1Ch 2:47+)

6550 עֵיפַי (ʿê·p̄ǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5778;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ephai: Netophathite (Jer 40:8+ Q), see also 6417

עֵיפָתָה (ʿê·p̄ā·ṯā(h)) Lisowsky: see 6547 (Job 10:22+)

6551 I. עִיר (ʿîr): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5892; TWOT 1587a, 1615—1. LN 1.88–1.94 city, town, village, i.e., a population center ranging from a small unwalled hamlet to a large, walled city, ; note: for compound pr. nouns, see 6556–6561.5; note: for MT text in Eze 45:5, see 6929; note: for NIV text in Isa 33:8, see 6332; 2. LN 11.55–11.89 inhabitant, i.e., one who lives in a town or city (1Sa 4:13); 3. LN 7.26–7.53 inner shrine, i.e., an inner room in a temple complex (2Ki 10:25), note: some sources change text to 1808

6552 II. עִיר (ʿîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5892; TWOT 1587a—1. LN 25.251–25.269 anguish, anxiety, i.e., that which causes fear, alarm, or terror (Jer 15:8+); 2. LN 88.171–88.191 wrath, anger, i.e., a state of great displeasure toward a person or situation, implying an action will follow (Hos 11:9+)

6553 III. עִיר (ʿîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5893; TWOT 1615—LN 93-pers. (male) Ir: of Benjamin (1Ch 7:12+), cf. also 6565

6554 IV. עִיר (ʿîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5895; TWOT 1616a—LN 4.1–4.37 male donkey, i.e., robust domestic male ass, smaller than a horse with long ears, a large mammal as livestock for carrying loads, from the African Equus asinus, ceremonially unclean for food (Ge 49:11+), see also 6555

6555 עַיִר (ʿǎ·yir): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5895; TWOT 1616a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 male donkey, domestic male ass, i.e., smaller than a horse with long ears, a large mammal as livestock for carrying loads, from the African Equus asinus, ceremonially unclean for food (Ge 32:16[EB 15]; Jdg 10:4; 12:14; Isa 30:6, 24+), note: used for transport of people or goods, or plowing, see also 6554; 2. LN 4.1–4.37 male donkey colt (Job 11:12; Zec 9:9+)

עִיר־הָאֱמֶת (ʿîr-·hǒ·ʾěměṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5895; TWOT 1616a—LN 93-place (loc.) City of the Truth: another name for Jerusalem (Zec 8:3+), see also 6551 + 622

6556 עִיר הַהֶרֶס (ʿîr hǎ·hě·rěs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2041, 5892;—LN 93-place (loc.) (formally) Ir Haheres: town in Egypt (Isa 19:18+), note: most versions, “City of Destruction,” see the word parts 6551 + 2239. Note: an alternate reading is chosen by many versions; RSV, NRSV, NAB, NJB, NEB, REB, “City of the Sun;” Tanakh, “Town of Heres;” see BHS ftn

6557 עִיר הַחֶרֶס (ʿîr hǎ·ḥě·rěs): n.pr.—LN 93-place (loc.) (formally) Ir Haheres: another name of the city of On or Heliopolis (Job 9:7 v.r.+); note: a v.r. reading, with the same meaning as 228; see also word parts 6551 + 3064

6558 עִיר הַמֶּלַח (ʿîr hǎm·mě·lǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5898;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ir Ha-Melech (City of Salt NIV): town of Judah, N of Engedi, possibly Qumran, (Jos 15:62+), see also 6551 + 4875

6559 עִיר הַתְּמָרִים (ʿîr hǎt·temā·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5899;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ir Ha-Tamarim (City of Palms NIV, and so all the versions): green oasis town W side of Jordan River (Dt 34:3; Jdg 1:16; 3:13; 2Ch 28:15+), see 3735, 9469

6560 עִיר נָחָשׁ (ʿîr nā·ḥāš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5904;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ir Nahash: town of Judah (1Ch 4:12+)

עִיר שָׁמֶשׁ (ʿîr šā·měš): see 6561

6561 עִיר שֶׁמֶשׁ (ʿîr šě·měš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5905;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ir Shemesh: site in Dan (Jos 19:41+), see also 3065(1.)

עִיר תָּמָר (ʿîr tā·mār): n.pr.—see 6559

עִיר הַתְּמָרִים (ʿîr hǎt·temā·rîm) BDB: see 6561.5

6562 עִירָא (ʿî·rā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5896;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ira: 1. priest (2Sa 20:26+) 2. of the Thirty (2Sa 23:26; 1Ch 11:28; 27:9+) 3. another of the Thirty (2Sa 23:38; 1Ch 11:40+)

6563 עִירָד (ʿî·rāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5897;—LN 93-pers. (male) Irad: grandson of Cain (Ge 4:18+)

6564 עִירוּ (ʿî·rû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5900;—LN 93-pers. (male) Iru: son of Caleb (1Ch 4:15+)

6565 עִירִי (ʿî·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5901;—LN 93-pers. (male) Iri: of Benjamin (1Ch 7:7+), cf. also 6553

6566 עִירָם (ʿî·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5902;—LN 93-pers. (male) Iram: of Esau, chief of Edom (Ge 36:43; 1Ch 1:54+)

6567 עֵירֹם (ʿê·rōm): adj. [see also 6567.5]; ≡ Str 5903; TWOT 1588b—LN 49 naked, i.e., pertaining to being unclothed and bare-skinned, in some contexts implying shame, others as destitution (Ge 3:7, 10, 11; Eze 16:7, 22, 39; 23:29+)

עֵירֹם (ʿê·rōm): n.[masc.] [served by 6567]; ≡ Str 5903; TWOT 1588b—1. LN 49 nakedness, i.e., a state of not having adequate, or no clothing, as a state of desperate poverty (Dt 28:48+), note: for another interp in some verses, see 6567; 2. LN 49 naked person, i.e., a person having inadequate, or no clothing, as a state of desperate poverty (Eze 18:7, 16+)

6568 עַיִשׁ (ʿǎ·yiš): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5906; TWOT 1617—LN 1.26–1.33 (constellation) (most versions) Great Bear, i.e., a constellation identified with various star configurations (Job 38:32+); see also 6933; note: other identifications are: (KB, Holladay) Leo, i.e., the constellation of the Lioness (in the Arab constellation configuration); (NEB, REB) Aldebaran, i.e., a red star of the first magnitude that is seen in the eye of Taurus, and is the brightest star in the Hyades (a v.-shaped cluster of stars in the head or constellation Taurus); (KJV) Arcturus, i.e., a giant fixed star in the first magnitude of Bo”tes (a northern constellation)

6569 עַיַּת (ʿǎy·yǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5857;—LN 93-place (loc.) Aiath: town N of Jerusalem (Isa 10:28+), note: some see same as 6504

עַיָּת (ʿǎy·yāṯ) BDB: see 6569

6570 עַכְבּוֹר (ʿǎḵ·bôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5907;—LN 93-pers. (male) Acbor: 1. of Edom (Ge 36:38, 39; 1Ch 1:49+) 2. one of the King Josiah’s men (2Ki 22:12, 14), note: called Abdon in 2Ch 34:20, see also 6277 3. official of Jehoiakim (Jer 26:22; 36:12+), note: possibly same as 2.

עַכְבֹּר (ʿǎḵ·bōr) BDB: see 6570

6571 עַכָּבִישׁ (ʿǎk·kā·ḇîš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5908; TWOT 1619—LN 4.47–4.50 spider, i.e., an insect that spins a web, of the family Araneida (Job 8:14; Isa 59:5+)

6572 עַכְבָּר (ʿǎḵ·bār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5909; TWOT 1618—LN 4.1–4.37 rodent, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: that which moves about on the ground; (NEB, REB) jerboa rat, i.e., a nocturnal jumping rat, with long hind legs, of the family Dipodidae (Lev 11:29; 1Sa 6:4, 5, 11, 18; Isa 66:17+), note: NIV, NJB, “rat;” most versions, “mouse.”

6573 עַכּוֹ (ʿǎk·kô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5910;—LN 93-place (loc.) Acco: port city, (Jdg 1:31+), see also 6646

6574 עָכוֹר (ʿā·ḵôr): n.pr. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 5911; TWOT 1621a—LN 93-place (loc.) Achor: a valley near Jericho, possibly Wadi Kelt, where great trouble occurred (Jos 7:24, 26; 15:7; Isa 65:10; Hos 2:17[EB 15]+)

6575 עָכָן (ʿā·ḵān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5912;—LN 93-pers. (male) Achan: son of Carmi, a Judahite thief (Jos 7:1, 18, 19, 20, 24; 22:20+), see also 6580

עכס (ʿks): see 6576

6576 עָכַס (ʿā·ḵǎs): v.; ≡ Str 5913; TWOT 1620—LN 14.74–14.86 (piel impf.) jingle, rattle, i.e., the sound of ankle ornaments rattling together as one walks (Isa 3:16+)

6577 עֶכֶס (ʿě·ḵěs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5914; TWOT 1620a—1. LN 6.188–6.196 ankle ornament, bangle, i.e., a woman’s ornament clasped on the ankle (Isa 3:18+); 2. LN 6.23–6.25 unit: עֶכֶס מוֹסֵר (ʿě·ḵěs mô·sēr) noose, formally, ankle fetter, i.e., an instrument for trapping animals (Pr 7:22+), see also 4591

6578 עַכְסָה (ʿǎḵ·sā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5915;—LN 93-pers. (female) Acsah: daughter of Caleb (Jos 15:16, 17; Jdg 1:12, 13; 1Ch 2:49+)

עכר (ʿkr): see 6579

6579 עָכַר (ʿā·ḵǎr): v.; ≡ Str 5916; TWOT 1621—LN 22.21–22.28 (qal) bring trouble, make trouble, i.e., cause hardship and distress for another, implying social chaos from the interaction or situation (Ge 34:30; Jos 6:18; 7:25; Jdg 11:35; 1Sa 14:29; 1Ki 18:17, 18; 1Ch 2:7; Pr 11:17, 29; 15:27+), note: in some contexts there is a focus on the wretched state of distress that this oppression causes; (nif) feel troubled, be anguished (Ps 39:3[EB 2]; Pr 15:6+), note: KB, Holladay give the meaning as to excommunicate or cause a disassociation, see also domain LN 34.1–34.21

6580 עָכָר (ʿā·ḵār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5917;—LN 93-pers. (male) Achar: son of Carmi, a Judahite thief (1Ch 2:7+), see also 6575

6581 עָכְרָן (ʿāḵ·rān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5918;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ocran: of Asher, father of Moses’ assistant (Nu 1:13; 2:27; 7:72, 77; 10:26+)

6582 עַכְשׁוּב (ʿǎḵ·šûḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5919; TWOT 1622—LN 4.51–4.57 serpent, i.e., a poisonous reptile snake, the horned viper Cerastes cornutus (Ps 140:4[EB 3]+), note: some identify as a smaller Egyptian poisonous snake, the asp Naja haje, note: some sources change text to 6571

עַל (ʿǎl) Holladay: see 6403 (Job 24:9+)

6583 I. עַל (ʿǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5920; TWOT 1624p—LN 12.1–12.42 the Most High: a title of God (2Sa 23:1; Ps 7:11[EB 10]; Hos 7:16; 11:7+), note: some parse the following verses as prep., Ge 27:39; 49:25; Ps 7:11[EB 10]; 50:4; Isa 59:18, see 6584, 6604

6584 II. עַל (ʿǎl): prep. and c.; ≡ Str 5921; TWOT 1624p—1. LN 83.46–83.47 on, over, on the surface, upon, i.e., a spatial position upon another object (Ge 1:11); 2. LN 83.23–83.32 at, near, close to, by, i.e., a spatial position in very close, virtual proximity to another object or position (Jos 10:27b); 3. LN 83.9–83.17 among, i.e., a spatial position determined by the location of related objects around it, with a focus that this position is in the middle or in the inner area of these objects (Eze 37:2); 4. LN 83.33–83.41 before, in front of, i.e., a spatial position which is in front of another object, considered to be a frontal area (Ex 30:6); 5. LN 84.16–84.28 toward, i.e., an extension reaching or extending to a goal (Ge 49:13); 6. LN 84.16–84.28 onto, i.e., an extension reaching or extending to a goal, with contact of a horizontal surface (Ex 7:28[EB 8:3]); 7. LN 90.17–90.19 upon, i.e., a marker of responsibility for an event or state (Ge 20:9); 8. LN 90.56–90.84 to, i.e., a marker of the experiencer, implying a superior force or person acting upon the experiencer (Ge 19:16); 9. LN 90.8–90.13 by, i.e., a marker of an instrument by which something is accomplished (Ge 27:40); 10. LN 90.31–90.35 against, i.e., a marker of opposition, usually with an implication of hostility toward an object (1Sa 12:12); 11. LN 90.36–90.42 for, i.e., a marker of benefaction to a person, implying being in a dependant relationship (Lev 16:30); 12. LN 37.1–37.32 over, i.e., a marker of the object over which someone exercises control or authority (1Sa 8:9); 13. LN 89.15–89.38 because, on account of, i.e., a marker of the reason for a subsequent event (2Sa 3:30); 14. LN 90.21–90.28 concerning, i.e., a marker of the content as a means of specifying (2Sa 1:17); 15. LN 89.12–89.14 on, in view of, on basis of, i.e., a marker of the basis of some event (Dt 17:6); 16. LN 67.17–67.64 when, i.e., a marker of a point of time overlapping or simultaneous to another point of time (Job 6:5); 17. LN 67.136–67.141 during, i.e., a marker of an extent of time within the frame of another unit of time (Nu 3:4); 18. LN 59.72–59.76 in addition to, a marker of adding a quantity to an existing number of a class or kind (Ge 28:9), note: for NIV text in Job 24:9, see 6403; note: some sources parse Ge 27:39; 49:25; Ps 7:11[EB 10]; 50:4; Isa 59:18 as a common noun “height,” or “amount,” see 6583; note: further study may yield more domains

עָל (ʿāl) BDB: see 6583, 6584

6585 עֹל (ʿōl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5923; TWOT 1628a—LN 6.4–6.9 yoke, i.e., usually wooden bar and frame with straps, used on beasts of burden for plowing and pulling loads (Nu 19:2), note: often as a reference to oppression or burden, see also domain LN 22.21–22.28

6586 עַל־כֵּן (ʿǎl-·kēn): prep. and c.—see 6584 + 4027

6587 עֻלָּא (ʿǔl·lā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5925;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ulla: of Asher (1Ch 7:39+)

6588 עַלְבּוֹן (ʿǎl·bôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 45;—LN 93-pers. (male) Albon: part of a compound name, Abi-Albon, see 50

6589 עִלֵּג (ʿil·lēḡ): n.masc. [BDB adj.]; ≡ Str 5926; TWOT 1623a—LN 33.69–33.108 stammerer, i.e., a person who is an inarticulate and unclear speaker, halting and repeating sounds and words, so hard to understand (Isa 32:4+)

עלה (ʿlh): see 6590

6590 עָלָה (ʿā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 5927; TWOT 1624—1. LN 15.101–15.106 (qal) go up, ascend, rise, i.e., have an object move upward in linear motion (Ex 19:20); (nif) be lifted up (Ex 40:36, 37; Nu 9:17, 21,22; 10:11; Eze 9:3+); (hif) take up, carry up, bring (Ex 3:8), see also domain LN 15.165–15.186; 2. LN 53.16–53.27 (qal) sacrifice, i.e., offer a presentation to deity as an act. of worship or obligation (2Ki 3:20); (hif) offer a sacrifice, present (1Sa 6:14); (hof) be offered up (Jdg 6:28+); 3. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) go away, i.e., leave an area in linear movement (Isa 5:24); (nif) withdraw, move away, move on (Nu 16:24, 27; 2Sa 2:27; Ezr 1:11; Jer 37:5, 11+); (hof) carried away (Na 2:8[EB 7]+); 4. LN 87.19–87.57 (nif) exalted, i.e., ascribe high status to another (Ps 47:10[EB 9]; 97:9+); 5. LN 33.35–33.68 (hof) recorded, i.e., pertaining to the writing down of information (2Ch 20:34+); 6. LN 78.1–78.27 (qal) be intense, rage, i.e., be in a relative high degree on a scale of intensity (1Ki 22:35); 7. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) happen, i.e., be in a state of an event occurring (Lev 16:9); 8. LN 59.62–59.71 (qal) rise, i.e., have an increase in wealth or social status (Dt 28:43); 9. LN 23.61–23.65 (qal) mate, mount, i.e., have sexual intercourse (Ge 31:10); 10. LN 23.188–23.196 (qal) grow, i.e., the state of a plant increasing in size or height (Ge 41:22); 11. LN 23.1–23.39 (hif) chew, formally, cause to lift up, i.e., the act. of using the teeth to grind or cut food as a part of the digestive process (Lev 11:3); 12. LN 49 (hif) wear, i.e., place clothing on an object (Lev 19:19; 2Sa 1:24; Am 8:10); 13. LN 35.19–35.30 (hif) conscript, draft, i.e., the causing of one to be in involuntary service to another (1Ki 9:21); 14. LN 45 (hif) decorate, adorn, i.e., craft objects and designs for beauty in a constructed building (2Ch 3:5); 15. LN 13.1–13.47 (hif) cause, stir up, i.e., cause an event or state to exist (Pr 15:1); 16. LN 55.2–55.6 (hitp) put on, formally, lift to oneself, i.e., arm oneself with defensive fighting gear as a preparation to fight (Jer 51:3+); 17. unit: עָלָה עַל מָתְנַיִם (ʿā·lā(h) ʿǎl māṯ·nǎ·yim) clothe, put on, formally, lift up on the waist, i.e., the dressing of oneself with clothing (Am 8:10); 18. LN 23.188–23.196 unit: עָלָה נֵץ (ʿā·lā(h) nēṣ)1 blossom, formally, have blossom go up, grow a flower, i.e., a part of the growing process just prior to the budding of the fruit (Ge 40:10+); 19. LN 55.2–55.6 unit: (qal) עָלָה עַל (ʿā·lā(h) ʿǎl)2 attack, i.e., cause an offensive military fight or battle (1Ki 14:25); 20. LN 33.406–33.411 unit: (nif) עָלָה עַל שָׂפָה (ʿā·lā(h) ʿǎl śā·p̄ā(h)) ridiculed, scorned, formally, lifted on the lip, i.e., be spoken of in disparaging terms (Eze 36:3+), note: Ps 37:35 for MT text, see 6867; 2Ch 24:14, see 6592; note: Jdg 16:3, some sources parse as 6623; note: further study may yield more domains

6591 עָלֶה (ʿā·lě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5929; TWOT 1624a—1. LN 3.47–3.59 leaf, foliage, i.e., a lateral outgrowth from a plant stem (Ge 3:7; 8:11; Lev 26:36; Job 13:25; Ps 1:3; Pr 11:28; Isa 1:30; 34:4; 64:5[EB 6]; Jer 8:13; 17:8; Eze 47:12+); 2. LN 3.47–3.59 branch, bough, i.e., a secondary extension from the trunk of a tree, which includes the green leaves which remain on the branch (Ne 8:15(5xs)+)

6592 I. עֹלָה (ʿō·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5930; TWOT 1624c, 1624d—LN 53.16–53.27 burnt offering, i.e., an offering of the entire part of a sacrifice that was clean and acceptable for sacrifice (Lev 1:3), note: for MT text in 2Ch 9:4, see 6608; Eze 40:26 K, for other text solutions, see BHS ftn

6593 II. עֹלָה (ʿō·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5766; TWOT 1580a—LN 88.12–88.23 injustice, i.e., a state of not being just or right (Ps 58:3[EB 2]; 64:7[EB 6]; Isa 61:8+), see also 6406

6594 I. עַלְוָה (ʿǎl·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5932; TWOT 1580b—1. LN 88.105–88.125 evil, wickedness, i.e., the state or quality of wrongdoing, according to a standard (Hos 10:9+), see also 6406; 2. LN 88.105–88.125 unit: בֵּן עַלְוָה (bēn ʿǎl·wā(h))1 evil-doer, formally, son of wickedness, i.e., a person who does bad or evil (Hos 10:9+)

6595 II. עַלְוָה (ʿǎl·wā(h)): n.pr. [Holladay: LOC.]; ≡ Str 5933;—LN 93-pers. (male) Alvah: of Esau (Ge 36:40; 1Ch 1:51 Q+), note: for the K 1Ch 1:51, see 6607

6596 עֲלוּמִים (ʿǎlû·mîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 5934; TWOT 1630c—1. LN 67.142–67.162 youth, i.e., a period of time when one is an adolescent (Job 33:25; Ps 89:46[EB 45]; Isa 54:4+); 2. LN 23.129–23.141 vigor, strength, i.e., a youthful condition of health and general fitness (Job 20:11+)

6597 עַלְוָן (ʿǎl·wān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5935;—LN 93-pers. (male) Alvan: of Edom (Ge 36:23+; note: for MT text in 1Ch 1:40 (NIV, NEB, REB), see 6615)

6598 עֲלוּקָה (ʿǎlû·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5936; TWOT 1636a—LN 4.51–4.57 leech, i.e., a blood-sucking or carnivorous parasitical fresh-water, invertebrate worm of the Hirudinea family (Pr 30:15+)

6599 עָלוֹת (ʿā·lôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1175;—LN 93-place (loc.) Aloth: town or district of Asher (1Ki 4:16+), note: some parse as 1268

עלז (ʿlz): see 6600; . sic see also 6601

6600 עָלַז (ʿā·lǎz): v.; ≡ Str 5937; TWOT 1625—LN 25.116–25.134 (qal) rejoice, be jubilant, i.e., be in a reveling state of great joy and happiness (2Sa 1:20; Ps 28:7; 60:8[EB 6]; 68:5[EB 4]; 94:3; 96:12; 108:8[EB 7]; 149:5; Pr 23:16; Isa 23:12; Jer 11:15; 15:17; 50:11; 51:39; Hab 3:18; Zep 3:14+), note: often with an act. or word showing joy, see also domain LN 33.354–33.364

6601 עָלֵז (ʿā·lēz): n.masc. [KB, Holladay: adj.]; ≡ Str 5938; TWOT 1625a—LN 25.116–25.134 reveler, i.e., one who is in a state of great joy and so exultant (Isa 5:14+), note: in context, this is a negative immoral person because they exalt in Sheol and death

6602 עֲלָטָה (ʿǎlā·ṭā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5939; TWOT 1626—LN 67.163–67.200 dusk, i.e., the time of approaching or encroaching darkness, the latter time of twilight, as a definite period of time (Ge 15:17; Eze 12:6, 7, 12+)

עֲלֵי (ʿǎlê) BDB: see 6584

6603 I. עֵלִי (ʿē·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5941;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eli: of Ithamar, of Aaron, high priest at Shiloh (1Sa 1:3–4:16 Passim; 14:3; 1Ki 2:27+)

6604 II. עֵלִי (ʿē·lî): prep.; ≡ Str 5942; TWOT 1624e—LN 12.1–12.42 the Most High: a title of God (Ps 7:9[EB 8] NIV+), note: for MT text, see 6584 + 3276; see also 6583; note: some sources take the form to be a majestic plural reference, heightening or intensifying the degree of high status

6605 עֱלִי (ʿělî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5940; TWOT 1624b—LN 6.215–6.225 pestle, i.e., a club or rod-shaped implement for pounding, grinding and crushing in a mortar (Pr 27:22+), note: here used in food preparation

6606 עִלִּי (ʿil·lî): adj.; ≡ Str 5942; TWOT 1624e—LN 81.3–81.11 upper, i.e., pertaining to being of a higher physical height (Jos 15:19; Jdg 1:15+)

6607 עַלְיָה (ʿǎl·yā(h)): n.pr. [Holladay: LOC.]; ≡ Str 5933;—LN 93-pers. (most versions) (male) Aliah: of Esau (1Ch 1:51+), note: NIV, Tanakh text reads the Q, see 6595

6608 עֲלִיָּה (ʿǎliy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5944; TWOT 1624f—LN 7.26–7.53 upper room, i.e., a room that is above the main ground floor, usually on the roof area (Jdg 3:20, 23, 24, 25; 2Sa 19:1[EB 18:33]; 1Ki 17:19, 23; 2Ki 1:2; 4:10, 11; 23:12; 1Ch 28:11; 2Ch 3:9; 9:4; Ne 3:31, 32; Ps 104:3, 13; Jer 22:13, 14+), note: for NIV text in 2Ch 9:4, see 6592

6609 I. עֶלְיוֹן (ʿěl·yôn): adj. [see also 6609.5]; ≡ Str 5945; TWOT 1624g, 1624h—1. LN 81.3–81.11 upper, i.e., pertaining to being in a position of height relative to other lower space (Ge 40:17; 2Ch 32:30; Ne 3:25; Jer 36:10; Eze 9:2; 41:7; 42:5+), see also 6610; 2. LN 87.19–87.57 high, i.e., pertaining to a high status, implying awe and splendor (Dt 26:19; 28:1; 1Ki 9:8; 2Ch 7:21; Ps 89:28[EB 27]+), note: as part of a proper name, see 1103, 9133, 1391

עֶלְיוֹן (ʿěl·yôn): n.pr. [see also 6609]; ≡ Str 5945; TWOT 1624g—LN 93-place (loc.) 1. Upper Gate: an entrance area (2Ki 15:35; 2Ch 23:20; 27:3; Jer 20:2) 2. Upper Beth Horon (Jos 16:5; 1Ch 7:24; 2Ch 8:5+) 3. Upper Pool (2Ki 18:17; Isa 7:3; 36:2+)

6610 II. עֶלְיוֹן (ʿěl·yôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5945; TWOT 1624g—LN 12.1–12.42 (as a title) the Most High, i.e., a title for the true God with a focus on him being supreme, and shows high status (Ge 14:18, 19, 20, 22; Nu 24:16; Dt 32:8; 2Sa 22:14; Ps 7:18[EB 17]; 9:3[EB 2]; 18:14[EB 13]; 21:8[EB 7]; 46:5[EB 4]; 47:3[EB 2]; 50:14; 57:3[EB 2]; 73:11; 77:11[EB 10]; 78:17, 35, 56; 82:6; 83:19[EB 18]; 87:5; 91:1, 9; 92:2[EB 1]; 97:9; 107:11; Isa 14:14; La 3:35, 38+), see also 6611

6611 עַלִּיז (ʿǎl·lîz): adj.; ≡ Str 5947; TWOT 1625b—LN 25.116–25.134 rejoicing, reveling, i.e., pertaining to a state of great joy and so exultant (Isa 13:3; 22:2; 23:7; 24:8; 32:13; Zep 2:15; 3:11+), note: in some contexts this may pertain to rejoicing in evil

6612 עֲלִיל (ʿǎlîl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5948; TWOT 1628b—LN 7.63–7.76 crucible, i.e., a furnace (of clay) which is shaped as a container, for melting metals and such, allowing for removal of impurities, attaining very high temperatures (Ps 12:7[EB 6]+), note: (KB, Holladay) translate “entrance (of the earth);” note: for diff. text, see BHS ftn

6613 עֲלִילָה (ʿǎlî·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5949; TWOT 1627c—1. LN 42.7–42.28 deed, action, i.e., what is done as an activity or action (1Sa 2:3; 1Ch 16:8; Ps 9:12[EB 11]; 14:1; 66:5; 77:13[EB 12]; 78:11; 99:8; 103:7; 105:1; 141:4; Isa 12:4; Eze 14:22, 23; 20:43, 44; 21:29[EB 24]; 24:14; 36:17, 19; Zep 3:7, 11+), note: in context these deeds may be evil or good, see also 6614; 2. LN 56.4–56.11 unit: שִׂים (śîm) … עֲלִילָה דָּבָר (ʿǎlî·lā(h) dā·ḇār) make a charge, formally, place (to someone) action of words, i.e., make a legal accusation against someone, which if unbased, becomes slander (Dt 22:14, 17+), note: some sources see “slander” or “capriciousness” as a central focus of the meaning

6614 עֲלִילִיָּה (ʿǎlî·liy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5950; TWOT 1627d—LN 42.7–42.28 deed, action, i.e., what is done as an activity or action (Jer 32:19+), see also 6613

6615 עַלְיָן (ʿǎl·yān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5935;—LN 93-pers. (male) Alian: of Edom (KJV, NKJV, NASB, ASV, RSV, NRSV, NAB, NJB, Tanakh) (1Ch 1:40+) note: for NIV text, see 6615

6616 עָלִיץ (ʿā·lîṣ): adj.—LN 88.206–88.222 haughty, insolent, i.e., pertaining to having an improper pride and self-will (Ps 37:35 cj+), note: for MT text, see 6883; see also BHS ftn

עֲלִיצוּת (ʿǎlî·ṣûṯ) BDB: see 6617

6617 עֲלִיצֻת (ʿǎlî·ṣǔṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5951; TWOT 1635a—LN 25.116–25.134 rejoicing, exultation, i.e., which may include verbal expressions of joy and praise (Hab 3:14+), note: in context it is a rejoicing over an evil standard, so translated by words like “gloating, haughtiness, presumption.”

I. עלל (ʿll): see 6618, 6620

II. עלל (ʿll): see 6619, note: is. switches LN 2 & LN 3

עלל (ʿll)[3] Lisowsky: see 6620

6618 I. עָלַל (ʿā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5953; TWOT 1627, 1627b, 1628—1. LN 43 (poel) glean, go over a second time, i.e., harvest what is left in a field after the normal harvest process (Lev 19:10; Dt 24:21; Jdg 20:45; Jer 6:9+); 2. LN 22.21–22.28 (poel) inflict, deal with, i.e., make an action which causes pain or suffering to another, justified or not, with a focus that this is done with considerable zeal or energy (La 1:22; 2:20; 3:51+), see also domain LN 42.7–42.28; (poal) inflicted, be dealt with in a way that causes suffering (La 1:12+), note: a passive stem; (hitp) deal harshly, abuse, mistreat (Ex 10:2; Nu 22:29; Jdg 19:25; 1Sa 6:6; 31:4; 1Ch 10:4; Jer 38:19+); (hitpoel) take part in evil (Ps 141:4+)

6619 II. עָלַל (ʿā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5953; TWOT 1627—LN 19.1–19.13 (poel) thrust, bury, place, i.e., make a motion of striking two objects together, with considerable force, but not hard enough to kill or lose consciousness of the object (Job 16:15+)

6620 III. עָלַל (ʿā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5953; TWOT 1627—LN 67.142–67.162 (poel ptcp.) be in a state of youth, be a youth, i.e., unit of time in a life, implying childish, capricious behavior from the one in that state (Isa 3:12+), for a parsing as a noun, see 5059.5; see also 6618 (poal)

6621 IV. עָלַל (ʿā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5953; TWOT 1627—LN 19.43–19.54 (poel pf.) thrust, insert, i.e., a forceful motion of pressing one object into a relatively softer object, and so co-mingle with that object (Job 16:15+), see also 6618

6622 עֹלֵלוֹת (ʿō·lē·lôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 5955; TWOT 1627a—LN 3.33–3.46 gleanings, i.e., the harvest produce which is left on the vine or stem by reapers, either by intention or possibly unintentionally (Jdg 8:2; Isa 17:6; 24:13; Jer 49:9; Ob 5; Mic 7:1+), note: in context, it refers to a remnant of a group, see also domain LN 63.21–63.22

עלם (ʿlm): see 6623

6623 עָלַם (ʿā·lǎm): v.; ≡ Str 5956; TWOT 1629—1. LN 28.68–28.83 (qal pass. ptcp.) secret, i.e., pertaining to that which is not known (Ps 90:8+); (nif) hidden, be concealed (1Ki 10:3; 2Ch 9:2; Ecc 12:14; Na 3:11+); (hif) hide, shut off, conceal (2Ki 4:27; Job 42:3; Ps 10:1+); 2. LN 28.68–28.83 (nif) be unaware, i.e., not have a public knowledge of something, either from concealment by others, or as a conscious decision to not investigate or know something (Lev 5:2, 3, 4+); (hif) ignore (Lev 20:4; 1Sa 12:3; Pr 28:27; Isa 1:15; La 3:56; Eze 22:26+); (hitp) ignore, hide oneself from (Dt 22:1, 3, 4; Ps 55:2[EB 1]; Isa 58:7+); 3. LN 88.227–88.237 (nif) be a hypocrite, i.e., act. in a manner which hides or conceals certain secret, unacceptable, behaviors, and is pretentious about one’s public behavior (Ps 26:4+); 4. LN 22.21–22.28 (hif) inflict, cover over, i.e., cause one trouble or hardship, as a figurative extension of hiding or covering an object, apparently in an oppressive implication (Dt 28:61+); 5. LN 47.1–47.7 (hitp) covered over, overflow, i.e., have a mass flow in a manner which overflows in a stream, as an extension of hiding or concealing an object with a covering and so be hidden (Job 6:16+); 6. LN 28.68–28.83 unit: עָלַם בְּ־ עַיִן (ʿā·lǎm b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be unaware, hidden, formally, shut the eyes, i.e., not have a public knowledge of something (Lev 4:13; Nu 5:13; Job 28:21+), note: Jdg 16:3, some sources parse as 6590 + 4392

6624 עֶלֶם (ʿě·lěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5958; TWOT 1630a—LN 9.24–9.33 young man, i.e., sexually mature male at the beginning of the adult stage of life, not yet in marriage or of the military age, i.e., under twenty years (1Sa 17:56; 20:22+)

עֹלָם (ʿō·lām) Holladay: see 6409

6625 עַלְמָה (ʿǎl·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5959; TWOT 1630b—LN 9.34–9.40 young woman, i.e., sexually mature female of marriageable age, which may or may not be sexually active (Ge 24:43; Ex 2:8; Ps 68:26[EB 25]; Pr 30:19; SS 1:3; 6:8; Isa 7:14+), note: context will demand or suggest if the young woman is sexually active, note: for another interp in 1Ch 15:20; Ps 46:1[EB title], see 6628; note: see also DBLGrk 4221

6626 עַלְמוֹן (ʿǎl·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5960;—LN 93-place (loc.) Almon: village of Benjamin (Jos 21:18+), see also 6630

6627 עַלְמוֹן דִּבְלָתַיִם (ʿǎl·môn diḇ·lā·ṯǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5963;—LN 93-place (loc.) Almon Diblathaim: place in Moab (Nu 33:46, 47+), note: possibly related to 1086

עַלְמוֹן דִּבְלָתָיִם (ʿǎl·môn diḇ·lā·ṯā·yim) BDB: see 6627

6628 עֲלָמוֹת (ʿǎlā·môṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 5961;—LN 14.74–14.86 alamoth, i.e., an unknown musical term, possibly related to a female singing voice (1Ch 15:20; Ps 46:1[EB title]+) note: for another interp, see 6625; note: many sources relate to 6625; note: a possible translation choice might be an “alto” or “soprano” voice in today’s musical terms

6629 עַל־מוּת (ʿǎl-·mûṯ): n.pr.—see 6584 + 4637 and 4637.5 (title) (Ps 9:1[EB title]; 48:15[EB 14]+); part of a compound name, in Tanakh, almuth labben

עַל־מוּת לַבֵּן (ʿǎl-·mûṯ lǎb·bēn) BDB: see 6629

6630 I. עָלֶמֶת (ʿā·lě·měṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5964;—LN 93-place (loc.) Alemeth: village of Benjamin (1Ch 6:45[EB 60]+), see also 6626

6631 II. עָלֶמֶת (ʿā·lě·měṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5964;—LN 93-pers. (male) Alemeth: 1. of Benjamin (1Ch 7:8+) 2. another of Benjamin (1Ch 8:36; 9:42+)

עלס (ʿls): see 6632

6632 עָלַס (ʿā·lǎs): v.; ≡ Str 5965; TWOT 1632—1. LN 25.102–25.115 (qal impf.) enjoy, i.e., take pleasure of something or someone (Job 20:18+); (hitp impf.) enjoy one another (Pr 7:18+); 2. LN 33.476–33.489 (nif pf.) appear glad, i.e., make a motion which is a sign of happiness or joy, as a non-verbal communication (Job 39:13+), see also domain LN 16

עלע (ʿlʿ): see 6633

6633 עָלַע (ʿā·lǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 5966; TWOT 1633—LN 19.27–19.33 (piel? impf.) shake, pull, i.e., tear off pieces of bloody meat (Job 39:30+), note: for cj, see 4363; note: context requires “blood” to include the meat of the food; note: this root is not certain

עלף (ʿlp): see 6634

6634 עָלַף (ʿā·lǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5968; TWOT 1634—1. LN 23.142–23.184 (pual) fainted, weakened, i.e., pertaining to an unhealthy state ranging from listlessness to losing consciousness (Isa 51:20+); (hitp) grow faint (Am 8:13; Jnh 4:8+); 2. LN 79.78–79.83 (pual) withered, i.e., pertaining to being in a dried, shriveled state, as the feature of sick or dying vegetation (Eze 31:15+); 3. LN 85.32–85.54 (pual) be set, i.e., pertaining to placing or setting firmly in place, as an extension of covering one object over another (SS 5:14+), note: NIV translates “decorated”; 4. LN 49 (hitp) disguise oneself, i.e., clothe oneself with coverings that keep the identity of a person secret (Ge 38:14+), note: for ptcp. as a in Eze 31:15, see 6635

6635 עֻלְפֶּה (ʿǔl·pě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 5969; TWOT 1634—see 6634 pual (Eze 31:15+)

עלץ (ʿlṣ): see 6636

6636 עָלַץ (ʿā·lǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 5970; TWOT 1635—1. LN 25.116–25.134 (qal) rejoice, be jubilant, i.e., be in a state of joy, which may include verbal expressions of joy and praise (1Sa 2:1; 1Ch 16:32; Ps 5:12[EB 11]; 9:3[EB 2]; 68:4[EB 3]; Pr 11:10+); 2. LN 39.52–39.61 triumph, i.e., to conquer another, and so win a victory in a hostile situation, with a focus on the joy and rejoicing by the conqueror (Ps 25:2; Pr 28:12+)

עלק (ʿlq) Holladay: see 6598

6637 עֹלָתָה (ʿō·lā·ṯā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5766; TWOT 1580a—LN 88.12–88.23 injustice, i.e., the state of not being just and right according to a standard (Job 5:16+); note: also Ps 92:16[EB 15] K+, see also 6406

עם (ʿm)[2] Lisowsky: see 6639

6638 I. עַם (ʿǎm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5971; TWOT 1640a, 1640e—LN 10.1–10.13 family, kin, i.e., clan relatives on the father’s side, as a subjnct.-group of a tribe (Lev 21:4), note: some place these reference as 6638

6639 II. עַם (ʿǎm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5971, 5993; TWOT 1640e—1. LN 10.1–10.13 nation, people, i.e., a very large kinship group, regarded as related biologically as well as language and other cultural common features (Ex 1:9); 2. LN 11.1–11.11 group, i.e., a number of people assembled together as a bunch, with no particular focus on the kinship relationships (Ge 19:4); 3. LN 55.7–55.13 army, i.e., a group of men as a unit (1Sa 11:11); 4. LN 36.31–36.43 follower, i.e., one who is in close association or agreement to a leader (2Sa 15:12); 5. LN 23.88–23.128 a life, i.e., a person who is alive (2Sa 18:8); 6. LN 4.1–4.37 animal, creature, i.e., a class of the animal kingdom (Pr 30:25, 26); 7. LN 59.23–59.34 unit: כֹּל הַ־ עַם (kōl hǎ- ʿǎm)2 everyone, formally, all the people, i.e., the totality of a group, with a focus on the individuals in the group (Ex 19:16); 8. LN 88.51–88.58 unit: עַם עָנִי (ʿǎm ʿā·nî) the humble, formally, people of humbleness, i.e., those who lack or discard improper pride and haughtiness (2Sa 22:28); 9. LN 87.19–87.57 unit: מָרוֹם עַם (mā·rôm ʿǎm)2 the exalted, formally, people of exaltation, i.e., persons of high status or prominences (Isa 24:4); 10. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: רֹאשׁ עַם (rō(ʾ)š ʿǎm)2 leader, formally, head of the people, i.e., one who is a prominent person to rule or govern (Job 12:24); 11. LN 59.1–59.10 unit: רֹב עַם (rōḇ ʿǎm)2 multitude, formally, largeness of people, i.e., a very large number of persons, with a focus of having common national ties (Pr 14:28); 12. LN 57.186–57.188 unit: עַם כְּנַעַן (ʿǎm kenǎ·ʿǎn)2 merchant, formally, people of a trader, i.e., one who buys, sells, and barters goods (Zep 1:11), note: for another interp in Dt 32:50ab; Lev 7:21, 25, 27; 17:4, 10; 18:29; Jdg 14:3; Ru 1:16ab; 3:11; Job 18:19; Jer 37:13, see 6639

עָם (ʿām) BDB, Lisowsky: see 6638

6640 עִם (ʿim): prep.; ≡ Str 5973; TWOT 1640b—1. LN 89.107–89.119 with, i.e., a marker of an associative relationship in some manner (1Sa 2:8); 2. LN 89.92–89.104 with, as well as, and, i.e., a marker of an additive relation, with an implication that what is added is of a similar class or kind (1Ch 25:8); 3. LN 90.56–90.84 to, toward, i.e., a marker of an involved experiencer, with an interaction or relationship of individuals (Ge 31:2); 4. LN 83.9–83.17 among, i.e., a marker of a spatial position related to the position of other objects in which the subject is in the middle or virtually in the middle, implying a relationship to the other objects (1Sa 23:19); 5. LN 83.23–83.32 near, i.e., a marker of a spatial position related to the position in close proximity (Jdg 19:11); 6. LN 90.31–90.35 against, i.e., a marker of opposition, implying hostility (1Sa 17:19); 7. LN 89.71–89.75 yet, in spite of, i.e., a marker of a concession with a component of contrast (Ne 5:18), see also 6643; note: further study may yield more domains

עמד (ʿmd): see 6641

6641 עָמַד (ʿā·mǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 5975; TWOT 1637—1. LN 57.71–57.124 (qal) present, i.e., stand in front of a superior as an offering, or for evaluation (Ge 43:15); (hif) present (Lev 16:7), see also domain LN 53.16–53.27; (hof) be presented (Lev 16:10+); 2. LN 17.1–17.11 (qal) stand, stand up, stand still, i.e., be in a stance in which the body is vertical and straight, and so not bowed or prostrate (Jos 3:8), note: though bowing and standing can be a respectful state, apparently prostration has a focus on humbleness and submission, and standing has a focus on presentation for service or as a gift; (hif) cause to stand (2Ch 18:34); (hof) prop up, be caused to stand (1Ki 22:35+); 3. LN 30.86–30.107 (qal) be in charge, formally, stand, i.e., designate another for a position or task, based on a thoughtful decision or evaluation (Nu 7:2); (hif) appoint, assign, charge, install, formally, raise up (2Ch 19:5); 4. LN 35.1–35.18 (hif) sustain, make strong, i.e., make provision of any kind that is a help (2Ch 9:8); 5. LN 56.4–56.11 (qal) accuse, formally, stand, i.e., have an accusation brought in a legal setting (Isa 50:8); 6. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) be still, i.e., be in a state of inactivity (1Sa 6:14), see also domain LN 42.7–42.28; 7. LN 67.78–67.117 (qal) endure, formally, stand, i.e., be in a duration of time which lasts for an indefinite period of time (Ps 111:3), note: for NIV text in Eze 29:7, see 5048; note: further study may yield more domains

עַמֻּד (ʿǎm·mǔḏ) BDB: see 6647

6642 עֹמֶד (ʿō·měḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5977; TWOT 1637a—1. LN 85.32–85.54 station, post, i.e., a place where one stands as an assigned place (2Ch 30:16; 35:10; Ne 13:11+); 2. LN 85.1–85.31 position, i.e., a space one exists in, with no particular focus on being an assigned a place (Ne 8:7; 9:3; Da 8:17, 18; 10:11+)

עַמֻּד (ʿǎm·mǔḏ) Holladay: see 6647 (2Ch 23:13)

6643 עִמָּד (ʿim·māḏ): prep.; ≡ Str 5978; TWOT 1640b—1. LN 89.107–89.119 with, i.e., a marker of an associative relationship in some manner (1Sa 22:23); 2. LN 90.56–90.84 to, toward, for, i.e., a marker of an involved experiencer, with an interaction or relationship of individuals (Ge 19:19; Job 29:6); 3. LN 90.31–90.35 against, i.e., a marker of opposition, implying hostility (Ps 55:19[EB 18]); 4. LN 89.92–89.104 with, as well as, and, i.e., a marker of an additive relation, with an implication that what is added is of a similar class or kind (Dt 32:39); 5. LN 83.9–83.17 in, inside, i.e., a marker of a spatial position related to the inside position of other objects or mass (Job 6:4); 6. LN 83.5–83.8 surround, i.e., a marker of multiple objects in a position which encircles or encases an object (Job 17:2), note: see also 6640; note: further study may yield more domains

עִמָּדִי (ʿim·mā·ḏî) BDB, Lisowsky: see 6643

6644 עֶמְדָּה (ʿěm·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5979; TWOT 1637b—LN 21.17–21.24 protection, support, formally, standing-place, i.e., cause to be free from danger and so be a military support as a figurative extension of a garrison post (Mic 1:11+), note: the meaning of this in context is difficult

6645 I. עֻמָּה (ʿǔm·mā(h)): prep.; ≡ Str 5980; TWOT 1640f—1. LN 83.23–83.32 near, close to, i.e., a marker of a spatial position related to the position in close proximity (Lev 3:9); 2. LN 64 like, as, according to, just as, i.e., a marker of a comparison or similarity (Ex 38:18); 3. LN 89.92–89.104 with, as well as, and, along with, i.e., a marker of an additive relation, with an implication that what is added is of a similar class or kind (Eze 1:20, 21); 4. LN 83.23–83.32 along side, parallel, beside, i.e., a spatial position near and next to another (1Ch 26:16); 5. LN 84.1–84.15 at, to, toward, i.e., a marker of an extension from a source (2Sa 16:13); 6. LN 83.42–83.45 beyond, far away, opposite, i.e., a spatial position relatively far away, implied to be in front of the subject or speaker (2Sa 16:13a), note: further study may yield more domains

6646 II. עֻמָּה (ʿǔm·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5981;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ummah: port city, (Jos 19:30+), see also 6573

6647 עַמּוּד (ʿǎm·mûḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5982; TWOT 1637c—1. LN 7.26–7.53 column, pillar, support post, i.e., a cylindrical, vertical shaft used as a support for a roof or upper structure, or as an ornamental colonnade in a courtyard (Ex 26:32; 1Ki 7:2), note: in 1Ki 7:18 for MT text, see 8232; 2. LN 1.34–1.38 cloud pillar, i.e., a mass of water particles or other kinds of particles that are in the atmosphere, that have a vertical, possibly cylindrical appearance (Ex 13:21, 22; Jdg 20:40)

6648 עַמּוֹן (ʿǎm·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5983; TWOT 1642—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ammon: people descended from Ben-Ammi (1Sa 11:11; Ps 83:8[EB 7]), see also 1214, 6649

עַמּוֹן (ʿǎm·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5983; TWOT 1642—LN 93-place (terr) Ammon: area E of the Jordan River (Dt 2:37; Jdg 11:15)

6649 עַמּוֹנִי (ʿǎm·mô·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5984, 5985; TWOT 1642a—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ammonite: pertaining to Ammon (Dt 2:20), see also 6648, note: for NIV text in 2Ch 20:1, see 5064

6650 עָמוֹס (ʿā·môs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5986;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amos: 1. the prophet (Am 1:1; 7:8, 10, 11, 12, 14; 8:2+) 2. in NT, see LN 93.23

6651 עָמוֹק (ʿā·môq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5987;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amok: priest from the captivity (Ne 12:7, 20+)

6652 עַמִּי (ʿǎm·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3818;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ammi: part of a compound name Lo-Ammi, see 4204

6653 עַמִּיאֵל (ʿǎm·mî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5988;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ammiel: 1. of Dan, an explorer (Nu 13:12+) 2. father of Bath-shua, David’s wife (1Ch 3:5+), see also 500(1.) 3. father of Makir (2Sa 9:4, 5; 17:27+) 4. a son of Obed-Edom (1Ch 26:5+)

6654 עַמִּיהוּד (ʿǎm·mî·hûḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5989;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ammihud: 1. of Ephraim (Nu 1:10; 2:18; 7:48, 53; 10:22; 1Ch 7:26+) 2. of Simeon Nu 34:20+ 3. of Naphtali (Nu 34:28+) 4. of Judah (1Ch 9:4+) 5. father of Talmai (2Sa 13:37 Q+, note: for K, see 6656)

6655 עַמִּיזָבָד (ʿǎm·mî·zā·ḇāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5990;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ammizabad: son of one of the Thirty (1Ch 27:6+)

עמיחור (ʿmyḥwr) BDB: see 6656

6656 עַמִּיחוּר (ʿǎm·mî·ḥûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5991;—LN 93-pers. (male) (ASV, NEB) Ammihur: father of Talmai (2Sa 13:37 K+, note: for Q, see 6656(5.)

6657 עַמִּינָדָב (ʿǎm·mî·nā·ḏāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5992;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amminadab: 1. The father-in-law of Aaron (Ex 6:23; Nu 1:7; 2:3; 7:12, 17; 10:14; Ru 4:19, 20; 1Ch 2:10+) 2. of Kohath (1Ch 6:7[EB 22]+) 3. a Levite (1Ch 15:10, 11+)

6658 עָמִיר (ʿā·mîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5995; TWOT 1645c—LN 3.33–3.46 mature stalk of grain, i.e., a grain stem and mature head, and so ready to cut and bind, then transport for processing (Jer 9:21[EB 22]; Am 2:13; Mic 4:12; Zec 12:6+)

6659 עַמִּישַׁדָּי (ʿǎm·mî·šǎd·dāy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5996;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ammishaddai: of Dan (Nu 1:12; 2:25; 7:66, 71; 10:25+)

6660 עָמִית (ʿā·mîṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 5997; TWOT 1638a—LN 11.55–11.89 associate, neighbor, countryman, i.e., one in close, united relation, relative to other more distant relationships either in close physical proximity, or close clan or national relationships (Lev 5:21[EB 6:2]; 18:20; 19:11, 15, 17; 24:19; 25:14,15, 17; Zec 13:7+), see also domain LN 34.31–34.39

עמל (ʿml): see 6661

6661 עָמַל (ʿā·mǎl): v.; ≡ Str 5998; TWOT 1639—LN 42.41–42.50 (qal) labor, toil, i.e., put forth considerable effort and energy to a task (Ps 127:1; Pr 16:26; Ecc 1:3; 2:11, 19, 20, 21; 5:15[EB 16],17[EB 18]; 8:17; Jnh 4:10+), note: usually in context physical labor

6662 I. עָמָל (ʿā·māl): n.masc. or occasionally fem.; ≡ Str 5999; TWOT 1639a—1. LN 22.15–22.20 trouble, misery, i.e., that which is an unpleasant, hard, distressing experience, as a figurative extension of hard, toiling work (Ge 41:51); 2. LN 42.41–42.50 toil, work, i.e., labor that difficult and hard, requiring great effort, implying a possibly gain in wealth (Ecc 1:3–10:15 passim)

6663 II. עָמָל (ʿā·māl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6000;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amal: of Asher (1Ch 7:35+)

6664 I. עָמֵל (ʿā·mēl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6001; TWOT 1639b, 1639c—1. LN 22.15–22.20 miserable persons, i.e., one who experiences hardship and trouble (Job 3:20+); 2. LN 22.21–22.28 oppression, i.e., the state of causing misery, hardship, or trouble (Job 20:22+); 3. LN 42.41–42.50 workman, laborer, i.e., one who works at a task (Jdg 5:26; Pr 16:26+), note: there may be overlap in parsings with 6665

6665 II. עָמֵל (ʿā·mēl): adj.; ≡ Str 6001; TWOT 1639b—LN 42.41–42.50 toiling, laboring, i.e., pertaining to the considerable expenditure of energy toward a task, implying a weariness from the labor (Ecc 2:18, 22; 3:9; 4:8; 9:9+), note: there may be overlap in parsings with 6664

6666 עַמְלֵץ (ʿǎm·lēṣ): n.masc.—LN 4.58–4.61 (KB, NEB, REB) shark, i.e., a marine fish, whose frame is all or mostly cartilage, which scavengers meat and hunts prey (Ps 74:14 cj+), note: NAB, “dolphin;” NJB, “Behemoth;” note: a normal parsing of the MT text is 6639 + 4200 + 7470, as in most versions: the Tanakh ftn reads “seafaring men” which would reconfigure the Hebrew to 6639 + 7469 + 3542; for more possible solutions, see WBC20:243

עַמְלָץ (ʿǎm·lāṣ): see 6666

6667 עֲמָלֵק (ʿǎmā·lēq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6002;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amalek: 1. grandson of Esau (Ge 36:12); 2. (gent.) Amalekite: descendants of Esau (Ex 17:8), see also 6668

עֲמָלֵק (ʿǎmā·lēq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6002;—LN 93-place (loc.) Amalek: town in Negev of Judah (1Sa 15:5+)

6668 עֲמָלֵקִי (ʿǎmā·lē·qî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6003;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Amalekite: pertaining to Amalek (Ge 14:7), see also 6667

I. עמם (ʿmm): see 6669

II. עמם (ʿmm): see 6670

6669 I. עָמַם (ʿā·mǎm): v.; ≡ Str 6004; TWOT 1641—LN 64 (qal) be rival to, be equal to, i.e., be in a comparable state of something, and so be like something or someone else (Eze 28:3; 31:8+), note: for another interp in 28:3, see 6670

6670 II. עָמַם (ʿā·mǎm): v.; ≡ Str 6004; TWOT 1641—1. LN 28.68–28.83 (qal pf.) be hidden, i.e., be in a state in which something cannot be known and so be secret (Eze 28:3+), note: for another interp, see 6669; 2. LN 14.36–14.52 (hof impf.) lose luster, be dimmed, i.e., pertaining to a state which has a diminished reflective shine (La 4:1+)

עַמְמֵי (ʿǎm·mê) BDB: see 6639 (Jdg 5:14)

עֲמָמִים (ʿǎmā·mîm) Holladay: see 6639 (Ne 9:22, 24+)

6671 עַמֹּנָה (ʿǎm·mō·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3726;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ammonah: part of a compound name, Kephar Ammonah, see 4112

6672 עִמָּנוּ אֵל (ʿim·mā·nû ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6005; TWOT 1640d—LN 93-pers. (male) Immanuel: son of Isaiah, given by a sign from the Lord (Isa 7:14; 8:8+)

עִמָּנוּאֵל (ʿim·mā·nû·ʾēl) BDB: see 6672

עַמֹּנִי (ʿǎm·mō·nî) Holladay, BDB: see 6649

עמס (ʿms): see 6673

6673 עָמַס (ʿā·mǎs): v.; ≡ Str 6006; TWOT 1643—1. LN 15.187–15.211 (qal) load a burden, i.e., lift up objects onto a transport person, animal or vehicle to make linear movement, implying the movement will take a relatively high amount of effort compared to not having the weight to transport (Ge 44:13; Ne 4:11[EB 17]; 13:15+), note: in some contexts this may refer to oppression and causing of hardship and trouble, see also domain LN 22.21–22.28; (qal pass.) be burdensome (Isa 46:1+); (hif) lay a burden upon (1Ki 12:11; 2Ch 10:11+); 2. LN 22.42–22.47 (qal) care for, formally, carry a burden, i.e., make a favorable circumstance or state as a figurative extension of carry a heavy burden for another (Ps 68:20[EB 19]+), see also domain LN 35.36–35.46; (qal pass.) be upheld (Isa 46:3+); 3. LN 15.187–15.211 (qal) try to move, formally, lift a burden, i.e., make an attempt to lift an object and assumedly make linear motion with it (Zec 12:3+)

6674 עֲמַסְיָה (ʿǎmǎs·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6007;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amasiah: commander of great warriors (2Ch 17:16+)

6675 עַמְעָד (ʿǎm·ʿāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6008;—LN 93-place (loc.) Amad: town in Asher (Jos 19:26+)

עמק (ʿmq): see 6676

6676 עָמַק (ʿā·mǎq): v.; ≡ Str 6009; TWOT 1644—1. LN 32.42–32.61 (qal) be profound, be difficult, formally, be deep, i.e., pertaining to a condition in which there is a lack of understanding, as a figurative extension of an object being in a very deep place which cannot be seen or known (Ps 92:6[EB 5]+); (hif) make secret (Isa 29:15+); 2. LN 81.3–81.11 (hif) make deep, i.e., pertaining to a very low elevation in contrast to a surface level, implying a place of mystery and secrecy (Isa 7:11; 30:33; Jer 49:8, 30+); 3. LN 78.1–78.27 (hif) be intense, formally, make deep, i.e., be in a relatively high degree of intensity on a relative scale, as a figurative extension of creating a very deep place (Isa 31:6; Hos 5:2; 9:9+)

6677 עֵמֶק (ʿē·měq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6010; TWOT 1644a—LN 1.51–1.59 valley, i.e., a low geographical formation between elevated areas, which can be either narrow or very broad (Jos 7:24); also, a part of a compound name, Emek Keziz, see 6681

6678 עָמֹק (ʿā·mōq): adj.; ≡ Str 6013; TWOT 1644d—1. LN 81.3–81.11 deep, i.e., pertaining to what is below the surface of something, as a spatial dimension (Lev 13:3, 4, 25, 30, 31, 32, 34; Job 11:8; 12:22; Pr 18:4; 20:5; 22:14; 23:27; Eze 23:32+), note: in some contexts, implying profundity or unknowableness; 2. LN 28.68–28.83 profound, mysterious, i.e., what is difficult or impossible to be known (Ecc 7:24+); 3. LN 88.262–88.270 cunning, crafty, i.e., pertaining to being sly and wily as a moral deviation, involving plotting and planning of evil (Ps 64:7[EB 6]+), note: for BDB verb form, see also 6676

6679 עֹמֶק (ʿō·měq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6011; TWOT 1644b—1. LN 81.3–81.11 depth, deep, i.e., a spatial dimension of deepness below the surface of something (Pr 25:3+), note: in context, implying profundity or unknowableness; 2. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: עֹמֶק שְׁאוֹל (ʿō·měq šeʾôl) place of the dead, formally, depths of the Grave, i.e., a region below the surface of the earth (Pr 9:18+)

6680 עָמֵק (ʿā·mēq): adj.; ≡ Str 6012; TWOT 1644c—LN 28.68–28.83 obscure, unintelligible, i.e., pertaining to what cannot be known from the point of view of the hearer, as a figurative extension of what is deep (Isa 33:19; Eze 3:5, 6+)

6681 עֵמֶק קְצִיץ (ʿē·měq qeṣîṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7104;—LN 93-place (loc.) Emek Keziz: town in Benjamin (Jos 18:21+)

I. עמר (ʿmr): see 6682

II. עמר (ʿmr): see 6683

6682 I. עָמַר (ʿā·mǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6014; TWOT 1645, 1646—LN 43 (piel ptcp.) bind sheaves, i.e., one who ties grain stalks into bundles and transports out of the field (Ps 129:7+)

6683 II. עָמַר (ʿā·mǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6014; TWOT 1645—LN 39.52–39.61 (hitp) treat as a slave, i.e., act. as a master or superior force over another, strongly implying harshness or possibly brutality in the relationship (Dt 21:14; 24:7+)

עִמֵּר (ʿim·mēr) BDB: see 6682

6684 I. עֹמֶר (ʿō·měr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6016; TWOT 1645a, 1645b—LN 3.33–3.46 sheaf, i.e., a tied bundle of cereal plant material, including both head and stalk (Lev 23:10, 11, 12, 15; Dt 24:19; Ru 2:7, 15; Job 24:10+), note: the sheaf was bundled for transport, processing, or other kinds of handling, see also domain LN 18.12–18.23

6685 II. עֹמֶר (ʿō·měr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6016; TWOT 1645b—LN 81.20–81.24 omer, i.e., a dry measure of food stuffs such as manna or grain, reckoned at 1/10th of an ephah or about a two quart measure (Ex 16:16, 18, 22, 32, 33, 36+)

6686 עֲמֹרָה (ʿǎmō·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6017;—LN 93-place (loc.) Gomorrah: city of the plain, at the southern end of the Dead Sea (Ge 10:19; 13:10; 14:2, 8, 10, 11; 18:20; 19:24, 28; Dt 29:23[EB 22]; 32:32; Isa 1:9, 10; 13:19; Jer 23:14; 49:18; 50:40; Am 4:11; Zep 2:9+)

6687 עָמְרִי (ʿām·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6018;—LN 93-pers. (male) Omri: 1. king of the northern kingdom of Israel (1Ki 16:16–30 passim; 2Ki 8:26; 2Ch 22:2; Mic 6:16+) 2. of Judah (1Ch 9:4+) 3. of Benjamin (1Ch 7:8+) 4. of Issachar (1Ch 27:18+)

6688 עַמְרָם (ʿǎm·rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6019;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amram: 1. father of Miriam, Moses, and Aaron (Ex 6:18, 20; Nu 3:19; 26:58, 59; 1Ch 5:28[EB 6:2],29[EB 6:3]; 6:3[EB 18]; 23:12, 13; 24:20+) 2. of Babylonian captivity (Ezr 10:34+)

6689 עַמְרָמִי (ʿǎm·rā·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6020;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Amramite: pertaining to Amram (Nu 3:27; 1Ch 26:23+), see also 6688(1.)

עמשׂ (ʿmś) Holladay, עָמַשׂ (ʿā·mǎś) BDB: see 6673 (Ne 4:11+)

6690 עֲמָשָׂא (ʿǎmā·śā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6021;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amasa: 1. a relative of King David (2Sa 17:25) 2. northern tribal leader (2Ch 28:12+)

6691 עֲמָשַׂי (ʿǎmā·śǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6022;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amasai: 1. of Kohath and Levi (1Ch 6:10[EB 25],20[EB 35]; 2Ch 29:12+), note: BDB separates 2Ch 29:12 as another person 2. one of the Thirty (1Ch 12:19[EB 18]+) 3. a trumpet blower (1Ch 15:24+)

6692 עֲמַשְׁסַי (ʿǎmǎš·sǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6023;—LN 93-pers. (male) Amashai: priest of Nehemiah’s time (Ne 11:13+)

6693 עֲנָב (ʿǎnāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6024;—LN 93-place (loc.) Anab: town Judah near Hebron and Debir, or (Jos 11:21; 15:50+)

6694 עֵנָב (ʿē·nāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6025; TWOT 1647a—1. LN 3.33–3.46 (pl.) grapes, i.e., the smooth-skinned fruit of the grape plant, of the genus Vitus of the Vitaceae plant family, usually picked in clusters (Ge 40:10, 11; 49:11; Lev 25:5; Nu 6:3, 3; 13:20, 23; Dt 23:25[EB 24]; 32:14, 32; Ne 13:15; Isa 5:2, 4; Jer 8:13; Hos 9:10; Am 9:13+), note: occasionally there may be a reference to a single grape; 2. LN 5.1–5.22 unit: אֲשִׁישָׁה עֵנָב (ʾǎšî·šā(h) ʿē·nāḇ) raisin cake, i.e., dried grapes in a ball, lump, bar, or cake, as a processed food (Hos 3:1+), note: in context it is strongly implying a cultic, indulgent act. of pagan worship, see also domain LN 53.16–53.27

ענג (ʿng): see 6695

6695 עָנַג (ʿā·nǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 6026; TWOT 1648—1. LN 9.34–9.40 (pual) delicate, effeminate, formally, delightful, i.e., pertaining to feminine attributes not typical of a man, as soft and pleasing to the touch, or sensitive to be touched (Jer 6:2+); (hitp) sensitive (Dt 28:56+); 2. LN 33.406–33.411 (hitp) mock, make sport, i.e., verbally ridicule and scorn another, as an extension of exploiting the sensitivities of another through ridicule (Isa 57:4+); 3. LN 25.102–25.115 (hitp) delight, enjoy, be fond, i.e., take pleasure and enjoyment in an object, implying desirability of the object (Job 22:26; 27:10; Ps 37:4, 11; Isa 55:2; 58:14; 66:11+)

6696 עֹנֶג (ʿō·něḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6027; TWOT 1648a—1. LN 25.102–25.115 a delight, a pleasure, i.e., what causes enjoyment and relish (Isa 58:13+); 2. LN 79.9–79.17 luxury, lavishness, i.e., that which is splendid and exquisite, and so having a beautiful appearance, implying extravagance (Isa 13:22+), see also domain LN 88.252–88.255

עָנֹג (ʿā·nōḡ) BDB: v.—see 6695

6697 עָנֹג (ʿā·nōḡ): adj.; ≡ Str 6028; TWOT 1648b—1. LN 88.59–88.65 sensitive, gentle, i.e., pertaining to the moral qualities of being receptive to the needs of those around him, especially those dear to him, so exhibiting a gentle behavior (Dt 28:54, 56+); 2. LN 79.100–79.101 delicate, tender, i.e., pertaining to being soft and delicate and having uncalloused, tender skin from labor, implying a privileged life (Isa 47:1+)

ענד (ʿnd): see 6698

6698 עָנַד (ʿā·nǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 6029; TWOT 1649—1. LN 18.12–18.23 (qal imv.) bind around, bind upon, i.e., fasten an object to another by means of a tie or clasp (Pr 6:21+); 2. LN 49 (qal impf.) put on, i.e., adorn by placing an ornament on the body as part of the clothing process (Job 31:36+)

I. ענה (ʿnh): see 6699

II. ענה (ʿnh): see 6700

III. ענה (ʿnh): see 6701

IV. ענה (ʿnh): see 6702

6699 I. עָנָה (ʿā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6030; TWOT 1650—1. LN 33.180–33.188 (qal) answer, reply, respond, ask, i.e., respond to a question, or circumstance with a verbal reply or even occasionally an action (Ex 19:8); (nif) answered, respond (Job 11:2; 19:7; Pr 21:13; Eze 14:4, 7+); 2. LN 33.262–33.273 (qal) declare, i.e., give information in any setting, including a legal context (Ex 23:2), see also domain LN 33.189–33.217; note: Jer 25:30; Hos 2:17[EB 15] some parse as 6702 qal; note: (hif) (Job 32:17; Pr 29:19+); some parse Job 32:17 as qal; note: for another interp in Pr 29:19, see 5101

6700 II. עָנָה (ʿā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6031; TWOT 1651, 1652—1. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) be afflicted, disturbed, oppressed, i.e., be in a state of feeling anxiety and distress (Ps 116:10; 119:67; Isa 31:4; Zec 10:2+), note: for a focus on the state of trouble itself, and not just the feeling, see also domain LN 22.1–22.14; (nif) afflicted, suffering, oppressed (Ps 119:107; Isa 53:7; 58:10+); (piel) afflict, oppress, mistreat (Ge 15:13); (pual) be afflicted, have hardships (Ps 119:71; 132:1; Isa 53:4+); (hif) afflict, oppress (1Ki 8:35; 2Ch 6:26; Ps 55:20[EB 19]+); (hitp) suffer affliction (1Ki 2:26; Ps 107:17+); 2. LN 88.51–88.58 (nif) humble oneself, i.e., pertaining to a state of unpretentious attitudes or behavior, often implying that the humble one has a proper awareness of one’s proper (lower) status before God or in society (Ex 10:3+); (pual) deny oneself (Lev 23:29+); (hitp) humble oneself, submit (Ge 16:9; Ezr 8:21; Da 10:12+); 3. LN 88.271–88.282 (piel) rape, formally, humble, violate sexually a female, often by force or coercion, implying a dishonoring of the female and her families and clans (Ge 34:2; Dt 21:14; 22:24, 29; Jdg 19:24; 20:5; 2Sa 13:12, 14, 22, 32; La 5:11; Eze 22:10, 11+); 4. LN 68.34–68.57 (hif) silence, cease, stop, i.e., cause a state to cease to exist or be ineffective, as an extension of conquering or subduing an opponent (Isa 25:5+), note: Ru 1:21; 2Sa 22:36 some sources parse as 6699 qal

6701 III. עָנָה (ʿā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6031; TWOT 1651—LN 30.1–30.38 (qal) be preoccupied, be concerned about, be worried about, be busy thinking about, i.e., be embroiled a constant thought process as one encounters his current (overwhelming) environment, either in prosperity or in distress (Ecc 1:13; 3:10+), see also domain LN 25.223–25.250; (hif) keep occupied, keep oneself busy (Ecc 5:19[EB 20]+)

6702 IV. עָנָה (ʿā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6030; TWOT 1650—1. LN 33.109–33.116 (qal) sing, i.e., make a vocal communication using words, melody, and/or rhythm (Ex 15:21; Nu 21:17; 1Sa 18:7; 21:12[EB 11]; 29:5; Ezr 3:11; Ps 119:172; 147:7; Hos 2:17[EB 15]+); (piel) sing to, sing about (Ex 32:18c; Isa 27:2+), note: in Ps 88:1[EB title] as a technical music term, see 4361; note: Jer 25:30; Hos 2:17[EB 15] some parse as 6699 qal; 2. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) howl, formally, sing, i.e., make a wailing noise from a nocturnal animal of the canine family (Isa 13:22+), note: for another root analysis, see 6410; 3. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) shout, i.e., make a vocal communication, but with a focus on the sounds giving a general impression, and not having a focus on verbal information (Ex 32:18ab; Jer 51:14+)

6703 עֹנָה (ʿō·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5772; TWOT 1650a—LN 34.66–34.78 right of cohabitation, i.e., marital rights of intercourse, with the focus on the marital act. itself and its fulfillments to the one given these rights (Ex 21:10+), note: oth as a right to motherhood as the result of normal marital relations

6704 עֲנָה (ʿǎnā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6034;—LN 93-pers. (male) Anah: 1. son of Zibeon, the Hivite (Ge 36:2, 14, 18+) 2. fourth son of Seir the Horite (Ge 36:20, 25,29; 1Ch 1:38, 40, 41+) 3. another son of Zibeon, brother of 2. (Ge 36:24+), note: some sources give a different analysis and combine some or all of these persons

ענו (ʿnw) BDB: see 6716

6705 עָנָו (ʿā·nāw): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6035; TWOT 1652a—1. LN 88.51–88.58 humbleness, humility, unpretentiousness, i.e., a quality of sincere and straightforward behavior, suggesting a lack of arrogance and pride (Nu 12:3 K; Ps 25:9; 37:11; 147:6; 149:4; Pr 3:34 Q; Zep 2:3+); 2. LN 87.58–87.75 afflicted, oppressed, needy, i.e., those tormented and weak and so not able to help themselves, and so be of low status in a society (Ps 9:13[EB 12] Q,19[EB 18] K; 10:12 K,17; 22:27[EB 26]; 34:3[EB 2]; 69:33[EB 32]; 76:10[EB 9]; Pr 14:21 K; 16:19 Q; Isa 11:4; 29:19 K; 61:1; Am 2:7 K+), note: this is often a condition of the poor as an oppressed class of persons

6706 עֻנּוֹ (ʿǔn·nô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6042;—LN 93-pers. (male) (ASV, RSV, NRSV, NJB, NAB) Unno: Levite in post-exilic times (Ne 12:9 K+), note: for the Q see 6716

6707 עָנוּב (ʿā·nûḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6036;—LN 93-pers. (male) Anub: of Judah (1Ch 4:8+)

6708 עֲנָוָה (ʿǎnā·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6038; TWOT 1652b—LN 88.51–88.58 humility, humbleness, unpretentiousness, i.e., a state or quality of being straightforward and sincere, suggesting a lack of arrogance and pride (Pr 15:33; 18:12; 22:4; Zep 2:3+), see also 6708

6709 עַנְוָה (ʿǎn·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6037; TWOT 1652b—1. LN 88.51–88.58 humility, humbleness, unpretentiousness, i.e., a state or quality of being straightforward and sincere, suggesting a lack of arrogance and pride (Ps 45:5[EB 4]+), see also 6708; 2. LN 34.1–34.21 condescension, i.e., associate with an inferior, implying help and kindly relationship with the inferior (Ps 18:36[EB 35]+), note: see BHS ftn for alternate text (6476)

6710 עֲנוֹק (ʿǎnôq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6061;—LN 93-pers. (male) Anok (Anak NIV): ancestor of a race of giants (Jos 21:11+), see also 6737(1.)

6711 עֲנוּשִׁים (ʿǎnû·šîm): n.[masc.] pl. [BDB: qal ptcp.pass. of 6740]; ≡ Str 6064; TWOT 1659—LN 57.178–57.185 punishing fines, i.e., a levy against a person an amount of goods, money, or services to an authority (Am 2:8+), note: in the Bible a levy was for restitution, not enriching authorities and governments

6712 עֲנוֹת (ʿǎnôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1042;—LN 93-place 1. (pagan god) Anoth: a pagan deity, not used in HB; 2. (loc.) part of a compound name, Beth Anoth, see 1116

6713 עֱנוּת (ʿěnûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6039; TWOT 1652c—LN 24.77–24.94 suffering, affliction, i.e., a state of pain, implying torment as a result of the pain (Ps 22:25[EB 24]+)

6714 עָנִי (ʿā·nî): adj.; ≡ Str 6041; TWOT 1652d—1. LN 87.58–87.75 afflicted, oppressed, poor, i.e., pertaining to being a lowly, needy state, as a class of persons of low status in a society, usually of persons in fiscal poverty, implying a lack of resource (Ex 22:24), note: for NIV text in Eze 18:17, see 6404; 2. LN 88.51–88.58 humble, gentle, i.e., pertaining to being unpretentious and straightforward, suggesting a lack of arrogance, hubris, or pride (Pr 3:34 K; Zec 9:9), note: for NIV text in Eze 18:17, see 6404

6715 עֳנִי (ʿǒnî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6040; TWOT 1652e—1. LN 22.15–22.20 misery, affliction, suffering, i.e., a state of hardship and trouble, with a focus on the experience this state by the speaker (Ge 16:11), note: for MT text in 2Sa 16:12, see 6411; 2. LN 22.21–22.28 persecute, harass, i.e., a state of causing hardship and suffering (Ps 9:14[EB 13]+); 3. LN 42.41–42.50 great effort, great pains, i.e., a state of expending much energy and labor on accomplishing a goal, even to the point of toil (1Ch 22:14+), note: BDB translates “frustration.”; 4. LN 22.15–22.20 unit: בֵּן עֳנִי (bēn ʿǒnî) the oppressed, i.e., a class of persons that experience hardship and trouble (Pr 31:5+)

6716 עֻנִּי (ʿǔn·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6042;—LN 93-pers. (male) (most versions) Unni: 1. Levite musician (1Ch 15:18, 20+) 2. Levite in post-exilic times (Ne 12:9+), note: for K, see 6706

6717 עֲנָיָה (ʿǎnā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6043;—LN 93-pers. (male) Anaiah: signer of the covenant (Ne 8:4; 10:23[EB 22]+)

6718 עָנָיו (ʿā·nāyw): n.masc.—see 6705 (Nu 12:3 K+)

6719 עָנִים (ʿā·nîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6044;—LN 93-place (loc.) Anim: town of Judah, (Jos 15:50+)

6720 עֵנִים (ʿē·nîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3283; TWOT 884a—LN 4.1–4.37 ostrich, i.e., a swift two-toed flightless bird, Struthio camelus (La 4:3 K+)

6721 עִנְיָן (ʿin·yān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6045; TWOT 1651a—1. LN 42.41–42.50 labor, work, i.e., a task or job that requires expenditure of considerable energy, implying a toilsome effort (Ecc 2:23, 26; 8:16+); 2. LN 22.1–22.14 cares, troubles, i.e., that which is perceived as a misfortune or burden in a given situation (Ecc 1:13; 3:10; 4:8; 5:2[EB 3],13[EB 14]+)

6722 עָנֵם (ʿā·nēm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6046;—LN 93-place (loc.) Anem: town of Issachar around Mt. Tabor (1Ch 6:58[EB 73+]), note: in Jos 21:29, cf. also 6528

6723 עֲנָמִים (ʿǎnā·mîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6047;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Anamite: clan of Mizraim (Ge 10:13; 1Ch 1:11+)

6724 עֲנַמֶּלֶךְ (ʿǎnǎm·mě·lěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6048;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Anammelech: a deity of a Syrian or Mesopotamian people (2Ki 17:31+)

ענן (ʿnn): see 6725, 6726

6725 I. עָנַן (ʿā·nǎn): v.; ≡ Str 6049; TWOT 1655, 1656—LN 24.1–24.51 (piel) make something appear, i.e., cause something to become visible as a sensory event of the sight-gate (Ge 9:14+), note: oth (giving a differing etymological root) define as the causative act. of forming a cloud, see also domain LN 14.10–14.14

6726 II. עָנַן (ʿā·nǎn): v.; ≡ Str 6049; TWOT 1655—LN 53.96–53.101 (poel) practice sorcery, practice divination, i.e., the foretelling of future events by means of magic or casting spells, with possibly a focus of conjuring dead human or supernatural spirits to appear before the living (Lev 19:26; Dt 18:10, 14; Jdg 9:37; 2Ki 21:6; 2Ch 33:6; Isa 2:6; 57:3; Jer 27:9; Mic 5:11[EB 12]+)

6727 I. עָנָן (ʿā·nān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6051; TWOT 1655a—1. LN 1.34–1.38 cloud, i.e., a visible mass, usually of condensed water vapor in the atmosphere, relatively dense enough to block light (Ge 9:13), note: this can refer to a natural or supernatural occurrence, either as a protection or as a symbol of gloom; 2. LN 1.34–1.38 smoke cloud, i.e., a visible mass of particles as a heated floating mass from a burning substance, relatively dense enough to block light or visibility (Lev 16:13; Eze 8:11); 3. LN 1.34–1.38 mist, i.e., a cloud-like mass of water vapor close to the earth, which can dissipate quickly (Isa 44:22; Hos 6:4; 13:3)

6728 II. עָנָן (ʿā·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6052;—LN 93-pers. (male) Anan: signer of the covenant (Ne 10:27[EB 26]+)

6729 עֲנָנָה (ʿǎnā·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6053; TWOT 1655a—LN 1.34–1.38 cloud, i.e., a visible mass, usually of condensed water vapor in the atmosphere, relatively dense enough to block light (Job 3:5+)

6730 עֲנָנִי (ʿǎnā·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6054;—LN 93-pers. (male) Anani: son of Elioenai (1Ch 3:24+)

עֲנַנְיָה (ʿǎnǎn·yā(h)) BDB: see 6731, 6732

6731 I. עֲנָנְיָה (ʿǎnān·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6055;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ananiah: grandfather of Azariah the craftsman (Ne 3:23+), see also 6732

6732 II. עֲנָנְיָה (ʿǎnān·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6055;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ananiah: town of Benjamin, (Ne 11:32+), see also 6731

6733 עָנָף (ʿā·nāp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6057; TWOT 1657a—LN 3.47–3.59 branch, i.e., the non-fruit part of a plant or tree which extends from the trunk or stem (Lev 23:40; Ps 80:11[EB 10]; Eze 17:8, 23; 31:3; 36:8; Mal 3:19[EB 4:1]+)

6734 עָנֵף (ʿā·nēp̄): adj.; ≡ Str 6058; TWOT 1657b—LN 3.47–3.59 full of branches, i.e., pertaining to the abundance of extensions of a trunk or main stem of a plant, as the non-fruit parts of a plant (Eze 19:10+)

ענק (ʿnq): see 6735

6735 עָנַק (ʿā·nǎq): v.; ≡ Str 6059; TWOT 1658c—1. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) put on, clothe oneself with an adornment around the neck, as a figurative extension of existing in a state or condition (Ps 73:6+), see also domain LN 49; 2. LN 59.48–59.61 unit: עָנַק עָנַק (ʿā·nǎq ʿā·nǎq) (hif) supply, give liberally, i.e., lavish someone with goods as gifts more than sufficient, as a figurative extension of placing an adornment around another’s neck (Dt 15:14+)

6736 I. עֲנָק (ʿǎnāq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6060; TWOT 1658a, 1658b—1. LN 6.188–6.196 (pl.) necklace chains, i.e., an adornment worn around the neck, which may includes both the chain around the neck and a pendant, baubles or jewels which may be attached to the chain (Jdg 8:26; Pr 1:9+); 2. LN 6.188–6.196 pendant, chain ornament, i.e., an ornamental accessory attached and appearing suspended from a necklace or chain worn around the neck or appendage (SS 4:9+)

6737 II. עֲנָק (ʿǎnāq): n.pr. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 6062;—LN 93-pers. 1. (male) Anak: ancestor of a race of giants (Nu 13:22, 28, 33; Dt 9:2b; Jos 15:13, 14; Jdg 1:20+) 2. (gent. pl.) Anakites: the descendants of Anak (Dt 1:28; 2:10, 11, 21; 9:2a; Jos 11:21, 22; 14:12, 15+), see also 6710

6738 I. עָנֵר (ʿā·nēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6063;—LN 93-pers. (male) Aner: an Amorite chief (Ge 14:13, 24+), see also 6739

6739 II. עָנֵר (ʿā·nēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6063;—LN 93-place (loc.) Aner: town in Manasseh (1Ch 6:55[EB 70]+), see also 6738

ענשׁ (ʿnš): see 6740

6740 עָנַשׁ (ʿā·nǎš): v.; ≡ Str 6064; TWOT 1659—LN 57.178–57.185 (qal) levy a fine, i.e., assess a monetary fine either as a punishment or just recompense (Ex 21:22a; Dt 22:19; 2Ch 36:3; Pr 17:26; 21:11+), note: for another parsing of qal pass. ptcp. as n.masc., see also 6711; (nif) be fined, be punished (Ex 21:22b; Pr 22:3; 27:12+)

6741 עֹנֶשׁ (ʿō·něš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6066; TWOT 1659a—LN 57.178–57.185 levy, penalty, fine, i.e., an imposition of a monetary assessment of a superior authority to a subjugated one (2Ki 23:33; Pr 19:19+)

6742 עֲנָת (ʿǎnāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6067;—LN 93-pers. 1. (pagan god) a deity Anath (not used in HB); 2. (male) Judge Shamgar’s father (Jdg 3:31; 5:6+); 3.also part of a compound name, Beth Anath, see 1117

6743 I. עֲנָתוֹת (ʿǎnā·ṯôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6068;—LN 93-place (loc.) Anathoth: town just N of Jerusalem, (Jos 21:18; Ezr 2:23), see also 6744, 6745

6744 II. עֲנָתוֹת (ʿǎnā·ṯôṯ): n.pr. [Holladay: and tribe?]; ≡ Str 6068;—LN 93-pers. (male) Anathoth: 1. see 6743 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 7:8+) 3. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:20[EB 19]+)

עֲנָתֹת (ʿǎnā·ṯōṯ) BDB: see 6743 (1Ki 2:26+)

6745 עַנְּתֹתִי (ʿǎn·neṯō·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6069;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Anathothite: pertaining to Anathoth (2Sa 23:27; 1Ch 11:28; 12:3; 27:12; Jer 29:27+), see 6743

6746 עַנְתֹתִיָּה (ʿǎn·ṯō·ṯiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6070;—LN 93-pers. (male) Anthothijah: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:24+)

6747 עָסִיס (ʿā·sîs): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6071; TWOT 1660a—1. LN 6.197–6.202 new wine, i.e., an alcoholic drink for revelry or drunkeness, relatively sweet to the taste since fermentation is incomplete (Isa 49:26; Joel 1:5+), note: context may prefer this to me a mature wine of higher alcoholic content, and so less sweet; 2. LN 6.197–6.202 nectar, sweet juice, must, i.e., the expressed juice of fruit, especially grapes, sweet and so not alcoholic (SS 8:2; Joel 4:18[EB 3:18]; Am 9:13+), note: some of these verses may go in prior entry

עסס (ʿss): see 6748

6748 עָסַס (ʿā·sǎs): v.; ≡ Str 6072; TWOT 1660—LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) trample down, i.e., make a pressing motion on top of an object as a figurative extension of destruction (Mal 3:21[EB 4:3]+), see also domain LN 19.43–19.54

6749 עָעַר (ʿā·ʿǎr): v.—see 6424 (Isa 15:5+)

6750 עֳפָאיִם (ʿǒp̄ā(ʾ)·yim): n.masc. dual—see 6751 (Ps 104:12 K+), note: though pointed as a dual, read as a plural masc.p.

6751 עֳפִי (ʿǒp̄î): n.[masc.]pl.; ≡ Str 6073; TWOT 1661—LN 3.47–3.59 thick foliage, i.e., the non-fruit cluster of a tree that includes the branches, leaves, stems, flowers, etc. (Ps 104:12+), note: for K see 6750; note: NIV “branches.”

עֳפָיִם (ʿǒp̄ā·yim) BDB: see 6751 (Ps 104:12 Q+), see also BHS ftn

עפל (ʿpl) Holladay, Lisowsky: see 6752, 6753

עפל (ʿpl)[2] KB: see 6752, 6753

6752 I. עָפַל (ʿā·p̄ǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6075; TWOT 1662, 1663—LN 88.206–88.222 (pual pf. 3fs.) be puffed up, be swelled, i.e., be in a state of false pride and haughtiness and arrogance as a figurative extension of an object which swells larger as in a tumor (Hab 2:4+), note: some read as 6753; others separate text into 6414 + 4200 + 2023

6753 II. עָפַל (ʿā·p̄ǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6075; TWOT 1662—LN 88.206–88.222 (hif impf. 3mp.) have presumption, have audacity, i.e., to act. arrogantly and haughtily (Nu 14:44+)

6754 I. עֹפֶל (ʿō·p̄ěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6076; TWOT 1662a, 1662b—LN 23.142–23.184 tumor, buboes, i.e., lymph abscesses of the groin area, possibly a hemorrhoidal-like abscess (Dt 28:27 K; 1Sa 5:6 K,9 K,12 K; 6:4 K,5 K+), note: this may also have the same meaning as the Q (3224) but be a more acceptable euphemism; note: Lisowsky switches 1 & 2; see also WBC10:50

6755 II. עֹפֶל (ʿō·p̄ěl): n.pr. [see also 6755.5]; ≡ Str 6077; TWOT 1662a—LN 93-place (loc.) the Hill of Ophel: an area of Jerusalem, which also was a part of the wall of Jerusalem (2Ch 27:3; 33:14; Ne 3:26, 27; 11:21+)

עֹפֶל (ʿō·p̄ěl): n.masc. [served by 6755]; ≡ Str 6077; TWOT 1662a—1. LN 1.46–1.50 hill, i.e., an elevated land formation (2Ki 5:24+); 2. LN 7.26–7.53 fortress, citadel, stronghold, i.e., a defensive construction located on an elevated place for a militarily secure area (Isa 32:14; Mic 4:8+)

6756 עָפְנִי (ʿāp̄·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6078;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ophni: town in Benjamin (Jos 18:24+)

עפעף (ʿpʿp) BDB: see 6414

עַפְעַף (ʿǎp̄·ʿǎp̄) BDB: see 6757

6757 עַפְעַפַּיִם (ʿǎp̄·ʿǎp·pǎ·yim): n.masc. dual; ≡ Str 6079; TWOT 1582b—1. LN 14.36–14.52 flashing rays, i.e., flashes or beams of light (Job 3:9; 41:10[EB 18]+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 eye, i.e., that part of body that sees (Job 16:16+); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 eyelid, i.e., that part of the body that blinks and covers the eyes (Ps 132:4; Pr 6:4; Jer 9:17[EB 18]+); 4. LN 24.1–24.51 gaze, i.e., look which examines and brings information to a person (Ps 11:4; Pr 4:25+); 5. LN 33.476–33.489 glances, i.e., flitting of eyes or eyelids to communicate to someone (Pr 6:25; 30:13+), see also domain LN 24.1–24.51

6758 עָפַף (ʿā·p̄ǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 5774; TWOT 1582—LN 16 (poel) brandish, flash, turn to and fro, i.e., make a non-linear movement of waving an object in the hand back and forth (Eze 32:10+), note: some parse as 6414, so from a different root, though essentially the same domain of meaning

עפר (ʿpr): see 6759

6759 עָפַר (ʿā·p̄ǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6080; TWOT 1664—LN 15.215–15.221 (piel) shower with dirt, i.e., the act. of throwing dirt clods or lumps at an object as a linear motion (2Sa 16:13+)

6760 עָפָר (ʿā·p̄ār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6083; TWOT 1664a—1. LN 2.14–2.28 earthen dirt, dry dust, soil, rubble, ground, sand, i.e., the natural earthen material which may vary from solid (even packed) earth to dry, coarsely crumbled soil, to very fine dust or sand (Ge 2:7; Ne 4:4[EB 10]); 2. LN 2.14–2.28 fine material, powder, i.e., any fine particle substance such as dried fungus (Lev 14:41; Nu 19:17; 2Ki 23:6); 3. LN 10.14–10.48 descendants, formally, dust, i.e., the progeny of a person, with a focus on the abundance of those offspring (Nu 23:10); 4. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: גִּישׁ עָפָר (gîš ʿā·p̄ār) dirty scabs, formally, clods of dust, i.e., an infection of the skin that is dirty and sore (Job 7:5), note: for other text solutions, see BHS ftn and WBC 17:163

6761 עֵפֶר (ʿē·p̄ěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6081;—LN 93-pers. (male) Epher: 1. grandson of Abraham-Keturah (Ge 25:4; 1Ch 1:33+) 2. of Judah (1Ch 4:17+) 3. of Manasseh that lived, E of the Jordan (1Ch 5:24+)

6762 עֹפֶר (ʿō·p̄ěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6082; TWOT 1665a—LN 4.1–4.37 fawn, i.e., the young male offspring of a ruminate mammal of the deer or antelope family (SS 2:9, 17; 4:5; 7:4[EB 3]; 8:14+)

6763 I. עָפְרָה (ʿāp̄·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6084;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ophrah: of Judah by Othniel (1Ch 4:14+)

6764 II. עָפְרָה (ʿāp̄·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6084;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ophrah: 1. see also 6763 2. town in Benjamin, (Jos 18:23; 1Sa 13:17+) 3. town in Manasseh, (Jdg 6:11, 24; 8:27, 32; Jdg 9:5+)

6765 עַפְרָה (ʿǎp̄·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1036;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ophrah: part of a compound name, Beth Ophrah, see 1108

6766 I. עֶפְרוֹן (ʿěp̄·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6085;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ephron: Hittite, former owner of cave Machpelah (Ge 23:8, 10,13, 14, 16,17; 25:9; 49:29, 30; 50:13+

6767 II. עֶפְרוֹן (ʿěp̄·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6085;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ephron: 1. see 6766 2. border mountain ridge between Judah and Benjamin (Jos 15:9+) 3. town taken by Judah from Israel in the days of King Jeroboam (2Ch 13:19+), note: for K, see 6768

6768 עֶפְרַיִן (ʿěp̄·rǎ·yin): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6085;—LN 93-place (loc.) (KJV, NKJV, Tanakh) Ephrain: town taken by Judah from Israel in the days of King Jeroboam (2Ch 13:19 K+), note: for 2Ch 13:19 Q, see 6767

6769 עֹפֶרֶת (ʿō·p̄ě·rěṯ): n.fem. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 5777; TWOT 1665b—LN 2.49–2.62 lead, i.e., a soft, malleable metallic element (Ex 15:10; Nu 31:22; Job 19:24; Jer 6:29; Eze 22:18, 20; 27:12; Zec 5:7, 8+), note: as used in the Bible, this mineral was in demand for trade and barter, and making lead weights as well as writing surfaces

עֵפָתָה (ʿē·p̄ā·ṯā(h)) Holladay, BDB, Lisowsky: see 6547

6770 עֵץ (ʿēṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6086; TWOT 1670a—1. LN 3.2–3.12 tree, i.e., any kind of relatively large woody plant (1Ki 14:23); 2. LN 3.60–3.67 wood, i.e., wood as a fibrous plant substance (1Ki 6:23), note: used for building or burning; 3. LN 7.77–7.79 timber, i.e., finished pieces of wood used in construction (Lev 14:45); 4. LN 6.118–6.151 wooden bucket, pail, i.e., a container made of wood used to hold liquid (Ex 7:19); 5. LN 3.60–3.67 firewood, i.e., a wood product cut up for burning for productive uses (Lev 6:5[EB 12]); 6. LN 6.29–6.40 wooden spear shaft, i.e., the handle of a spear as a part of a weapon (1Sa 17:7; 2Sa 21:19; 23:7); 7. LN 7.63–7.76 gallows, i.e., a wooden construction used to hang prisoners (Est 2:23); 8. LN 6.96–6.101 wooden idol, i.e., a fashioned wood image believed to contain or represent a deity (Jer 10:8; Hos 4:12); 9. LN 3.47–3.59 plant stalk, i.e., a non-fruit part of a plant (Jos 2:6); 10. LN 45 carpenter, i.e., one who works with wood as a skilled laborer (1Ch 22:15); 11. LN 43 unit: חָטַב עֵץ (ḥā·ṭǎḇ ʿēṣ) woodcutter, woodsman, i.e., a timber cutter, a profession of relatively low social status (Jos 9:21); 12. LN 45 unit: חָרָשׁ עֵץ (ḥā·rāš ʿēṣ) carpenter, formally, craftsman of wood, i.e., one who works with wood as a skilled laborer (1Ki 12:12[EB 11]), note: for NIV text in 2Sa 6:5, see 6437; note: for K in 1Sa 17:7, see 2932; see also 6785

I. עצב (ʿṣb): see 6771

II. עצב (ʿṣb): see 6772

6771 I. עָצַב (ʿā·ṣǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 6087; TWOT 1666, 1667—1. LN 42.29–42.40 (piel) shape, fashion, i.e., to make an object into a particular shape with a focus on the creation of a product by its maker (Job 10:8+); (hif) (most versions) make an image (Jer 44:19+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 53.1–53.15 (hif) (KJV, NKJV, ASV) serve, worship, i.e., perform duties to a deity as a worshipful duty and religious practice (Jer 44:19+), note: the prior meaning of “make an image” is preferred by the editor

6772 II. עָצַב (ʿā·ṣǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 6087; TWOT 1666—1. LN 25.270–25.287 (qal pass.) distressed, i.e., pertaining to a state of emotional distress and sorrow (Isa 54:6+); (nif) grieved, be distressed (Ge 45:5; 1Sa 20:3, 34; 2Sa 19:3[EB 2]; Ne 8:10, 11+); (piel) grieve (Isa 63:10+); (hif) grieve, cause grief (Ps 78:40+); (hitp) filled with grief, be filled with pain (Ge 6:6; 34:7+); 2. LN 36.10–36.11 (qal) properly train, formally, grieve, i.e., give discipline and training to a child for right living, as an extension of causing grief to another (1Ki 1:6+), note: NIV translates “interfere with;” note: some change text to 6806, with a different focus as “mistreat, oppress;” note: some parse 1Ch 4:10 as n.masc. of 6778; 3. LN 20.12–20.30 (nif) injured, i.e., pertaining to being physically harmed or wounded (Ecc 10:9+); 4. LN 33.134–33.155 (piel) twist, distort, i.e., speak in a manner which deliberately misinterprets statements or arguments (Ps 56:6[EB 5]+)

6773 עָצָב (ʿā·ṣāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6091; TWOT 1667c—LN 6.96–6.101 idol, image, i.e., a formed and fashioned object believed by its maker to contain or represent a deity, and so an object of worship and reverence (1Sa 31:9; 2Sa 5:21; 1Ch 10:9; 2Ch 24:18; Ps 106:36, 38; 115:4; 135:15; Isa 10:11; 46:1; Jer 50:2; Hos 4:17; 8:4; 13:2; 14:9[EB 8]; Mic 1:7; Zec 13:2+)

6774 עַצָּב (ʿǎṣ·ṣāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6092; TWOT 1666c—LN 42.41–42.50 worker, laborer, i.e., one who toils in the employment of another as a common worker (Isa 58:3+)

עָצֵב (ʿā·ṣēḇ) BDB: see 6774

6775 I. עֶצֶב (ʿě·ṣěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6089; TWOT 1666a, 1667a—LN 6.118–6.151 vessel, pot, jar, i.e., a common container used to hold mass or liquid (Jer 22:28+)

6776 II. עֶצֶב (ʿě·ṣěḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6089; TWOT 1666a—1. LN 24.77–24.94 pain, i.e., the physical sensation of ache or sharp pains, for any period of time (Ge 3:16+); 2. LN 22.29–22.34 trouble, difficulty, i.e., the state or quality of something being hard to do (Pr 10:22+); 3. LN 42.41–42.50 hard work, toil, i.e., the act. of giving hard labor to a task and so expending considerable effort (Ps 127:2; Pr 5:10; 14:23+); 4. LN 33.387–33.403 unit: דָּבָר עֶצֶב (dā·ḇār ʿě·ṣěḇ)2 harsh words, formally, word of toil, i.e., communication through speech which is critical, and unduly cruel or blunt apparently for the purpose of causing mental anguish (Pr 15:1+)

6777 I. עֹצֶב (ʿō·ṣěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6090; TWOT 1666b, 1667b—LN 6.96–6.101 idol, image, i.e., a formed and fashioned object believed by its maker to contain or represent a deity, and so an object of worship and reverence (Isa 48:5+)

6778 II. עֹצֶב (ʿō·ṣěḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6090; TWOT 1666b—1. LN 24.77–24.94 pain, suffering, i.e., the physical sensation of ache or sharp pains, for any period of time (1Ch 4:9, 10+), note: some parse 1Ch 4:10 as qal inf. cs. of 6772; 2. LN 25.223–25.250 suffering, anguish, i.e., the mental state of pain of being in an unfavorable circumstance (Isa 14:3+); 3. LN 25.179–25.185 offense, i.e., that which causes another to experience shock or anger, possibly with a focus on the mental anguish that the offense will cause to another (Ps 139:24+), note: for Ps 139:24 cj, see 6816

6779 עִצָּבוֹן (ʿiṣ·ṣā·ḇôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6093; TWOT 1666e—1. LN 24.77–24.94 pain, suffering, i.e., the physical sensation of ache or sharp pains, for any period of time (Ge 3:16+); 2. LN 42.41–42.50 hard work, toil, i.e., labor that is very intense and so expending of considerable energy, with a special focus on the physical pain that occurs in very strenuous work (Ge 3:17; 5:29+), note: in context, farm work

6780 עַצֶּבֶת (ʿǎṣ·ṣě·ḇěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6094; TWOT 1666d—1. LN 25.223–25.250 suffering, anxiety, sorrow, grief, anguish, i.e., the mental state of pain of being in an unfavorable circumstance (Job 9:28; Ps 16:4; Pr 10:10; 15:13+); 2. LN 20.12–20.30 wound, hurt, i.e., a physical injury or trauma of some kind that is painful (Ps 147:3+)

עצה (ʿṣh): see 6781

6781 עָצָה (ʿā·ṣā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6095; TWOT 1669—LN 16 (qal ptcp. act.) wink, i.e., blink the eye as a non-linear motion, as a non-verbal communication which is evil or malicious (Pr 16:30+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

6782 עָצֶה (ʿā·ṣě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6096; TWOT 1671a—LN 8.9–8.69 tailbone, i.e., a bone located at the base of the spine, known also as os sacrum (Lev 3:9+), note: NIV translates “backbone.”

6783 I. עֵצָה (ʿē·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6098; TWOT 887a—1. LN 33.294–33.298 advice, counsel, i.e., the act. of telling someone what they should do based on a plan or scheme (2Sa 15:34), note: for another interp in Hos 10:6, see 6785; note: for another interp in Ps 13:3[EB 2]; 106:43, see 6784; note: Lisowsky switches 1 & 2 & 3; 2. LN 30.56–30.74 plan, scheme, purpose, i.e., to think about a course of action, often including consultation with a counselor or advisor (Ps 14:6)

6784 II. עֵצָה (ʿē·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6098; TWOT 887a—LN 39.34–39.41 revolt, resistance, disobedience, i.e., a state of open defiance to an authority (Ps 13:3[EB 2]; 106:43+), note: for another interp, see 6783

6785 III. עֵצָה (ʿē·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6097; TWOT 1670b—1. LN 3.2–3.12 (coll.) trees, i.e., a relatively large fibrous plant used in construction (Jer 6:6+); 2. LN 6.96–6.101 wooden idol, i.e., an image constructed for worship of a deity (Hos 10:6+), note: for another interp in Hos 10:6, see 6783, see also 6770

6786 עָצוּם (ʿā·ṣûm): adj.; ≡ Str 6099; TWOT 1673d—1. LN 76 strong, mighty, powerful, i.e., pertaining to a force potent to accomplish its purposes (Ge 18:18; Ex 1:9; Nu 14:12; 22:6; 32:1; Dt 4:38; 7:1; 9:1, 14; 11:23; 26:5; Jos 23:9; Ps 135:10; Pr 7:26; 18:18; 30:26; Isa 53:12; 60:22; Da 8:24; 11:25; Joel 1:6; 2:2, 5, 11; Mic 4:3, 7; Zec 8:22+); 2. LN 79.62–79.69 strong, i.e., pertaining to physical strength (Ps 10:10; Isa 8:7+); 3. LN 59.1–59.10 throng, multitude, i.e., pertaining to that which is a large number of countable persons (Ps 35:18+); 4. LN 78.1–78.27 great, severe, i.e., pertaining to that which is of a great degree (Am 5:12+)

6787 עֶצְיוֹן גֶּבֶר (ʿěṣ·yôn gě·ḇěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6100;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ezion Geber: city on the Gulf of Aqabah, or (Nu 33:35, 36; Dt 2:8; 1Ki 9:26; 22:49[EB 48]; 2Ch 8:17; 20:36+)

עצל (ʿṣl): see 6788

6788 עָצַל (ʿā·ṣǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6101; TWOT 1672—LN 67.124 (nif impf.) hesitate, delay, i.e., be sluggish or slow to engage in an action, and so extend a period of time (Jdg 18:9+)

6789 עָצֵל (ʿā·ṣēl): adj.; ≡ Str 6102; TWOT 1672a—LN 88.246–88.251 sluggish, lazy, i.e., pertaining to be slow to take any action, suggesting a lack of discipline or initiative, as a moral failure (Pr 24:30+)

עָצֵל (ʿā·ṣēl): n.masc. [oth adj.]; ≡ Str 6102; TWOT 1672a—LN 88.246–88.251 sluggard, lazy bones, i.e., a person who is habitually lazy and inactive, suggesting he has no discipline or initiative, as a moral failure (Pr 6:6, 9; 10:26; 13:4; 15:19; 19:24; 20:4; 21:25; 22:13; 26:13, 14, 15, 16+)

עָצֵל (ʿā·ṣēl) BDB: see 6788

6790 עַצְלָה (ʿǎṣ·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6103; TWOT 1672b—LN 88.246–88.251 laziness, slowness, sluggishness, i.e., a state of extreme inactivity or idleness, showing a lack of discipline and initiative, as a moral failure (Pr 19:15+)

6791 עַצְלוּת (ʿǎṣ·lûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6104; TWOT 1672c—LN 88.246–88.251 idleness, sluggishness, laziness, i.e., a state of extreme inactivity or idleness, showing a lack of discipline and initiative, as a moral failure (Pr 31:27+)

6792 עֲצַלְתַּיִם (ʿǎṣǎl·tǎ·yim): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6103; TWOT 1672b—LN 88.246–88.251 (BDB: dual of intensity?) extreme laziness, indolence, great idleness, i.e., a state of extreme inactivity or idleness, showing a lack of discipline and initiative, as a moral failure (Ecc 10:18+), see also 6789

I. עצם (ʿṣm): see 6793

II. עצם (ʿṣm): see 6794

6793 I. עָצַם (ʿā·ṣǎm): v.; ≡ Str 6105; TWOT 1673, 1674—1. LN 59.1–59.10 (qal) be vast, numerous, i.e., be or become a large quantity of a collection of objects (Ex 1:7, 20; Ps 38:20[EB 19]; 40:6[EB 5],13[EB 12]; 69:5[EB 4]; 139:17; Jer 5:6; 15:8; 30:14, 15+); (hif) make numerous (Ps 105:24+); 2. LN 76 (qal) be powerful, i.e., exert great force to accomplish a task or be a threat to another (Ge 26:16; Isa 31:1; Da 8:8, 24; 11:23+), note: Ge 26:16 may be “numerous;” see also domain LN 75; 3. LN 23.40–23.45 (piel) gnaw, break the bone, crush, i.e., have a meat-eating animal chew on a bone, cracking with the jaws for the marrow (Jer 50:17+), note: this refers to an utter defeat and destruction of a nation, see also domain LN 39.52–39.61

6794 II. עָצַם (ʿā·ṣǎm): v.; ≡ Str 6105; TWOT 1673—LN 16 (qal ptcp.) close the eyes, as a non-linear movement of the eyelid (Isa 33:15+); (piel impf.) tightly shut the eyes (Isa 29:10+)

עָצַם (ʿā·ṣǎm)[1], עָצֹם (ʿā·ṣōm)[1] BDB: see 6793

6795 I. עֶצֶם (ʿě·ṣěm): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6106; TWOT 1673c—1. LN 8.9–8.69 bones, i.e., the hard part of the skeleton of a vertebrate (Ex 12:46); 2. LN 89.141–89.142 substance, “very,” i.e., the essence or essential nature of a thing, a marker of which something consists as the same (Ge 7:13; 17:23, 26; Ex 24:10); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 limb, i.e., the major extended parts of a body (Jdg 19:29); 4. LN 8.1–8.8 body, formally, bone, i.e., the total corporeal mass of a person, including the bones, and all other tissue and fluids (Job 30:30; Am 6:10); 5. LN 23.129–23.141 vigor, life, i.e., a state of health and well being, with a focus on the physical person (Job 21:23); 6. LN 9.1–9.23 human being, i.e., the existence of a whole person, with a focus on the physical person (Ps 35:10); 7. LN 10.1–10.13 unit: עֶצֶם ־ִי וְ־ בָּשָׂר (ʿě·ṣěm i-y w- bā·śār) close relation, formally, my bone and flesh, i.e., a relative in close relation, with reference to successive generations (Ge 29:14+); 8. LN 34.42–34.49 unit: עֶצֶם ־ִי וְ־ בָּשָׂר (ʿě·ṣěm i-y w- bā·śār) closely associated, formally, my bone and flesh, i.e., be in a family-like relationship, as a figurative extension of being a blood relative (Jdg 9:2; 2Sa 5:1; 19:13[EB 12],14[EB 13]; 1Ch 11:1+), note: some parse Ps 53:6[EB 5] as 6799; note: some parse Job 7:15; Ps 22:18[EB 17], as 6799

6796 II. עֶצֶם (ʿě·ṣěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6107;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ezem: of Judah, later assigned to Simeon (Jos 15:29; 19:3; 1Ch 4:29+)

6797 I. עֹצֶם (ʿō·ṣěm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6108; TWOT 1673a—LN 76 might, strength, i.e., the force to accomplish a task with sufficient or more than sufficient power or ability (Dt 8:17; Job 30:21; Na 3:9+), note: for MT text in Isa 11:15, see 6522

6798 II. עֹצֶם (ʿō·ṣěm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6108; TWOT 1673a—LN 8.9–8.69 skeletal framework, formally, bones, i.e., the physical makeup of the human body, with a focus on the bones as a central, innermost part (Ps 139:15+)

6799 עַצְמָה (ʿǎṣ·mā(h)): n.fem.—see 6795 (Job 7:15; Ps 22:18[EB 17]; 53:6[EB 5]+)

6800 עָצְמָה (ʿāṣ·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6109; TWOT 1673b—LN 76 power, might, i.e., a force that has potency to accomplish its intended ends or purposes (Isa 40:29; 47:9+)

6801 עַצְמוֹן (ʿǎṣ·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6111;—LN 93-place (loc.) Azmon: southern border town of Judah (Nu 34:4, 5; Jos 15:4+)

עֲצֻמָה (ʿǎṣǔ·mā(h)) BDB: see 6802

6802 עֲצֻמוֹת (ʿǎṣǔ·môṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 6110; TWOT 1674b—LN 33.435–33.438 defensive argument, apology, i.e., the content of a verbal speaking on one’s own behalf, using rational arguments or reasons (Isa 41:21+)

6803 עֵצֶן (ʿē·ṣěn): n.masc.—LN 6.29–6.40 spear, i.e., a weapon with a shaft and a (metal) point, which is thrown to attack an animal or soldier (2Sa 23:8 MT+), note: many sources believe text is corrupt here, see also BHS ftn, see also 2851

עצנו (ʿṣnw) BDB: see 6804

6804 עֶצְנִי (ʿěṣ·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6112;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Eznite (2Sa 23:8+) (KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASB, Tanakh), see 6352, see also BHS ftn; note: for NIV text, see 2851

6805 עָצַץ (ʿā·ṣǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 3289; TWOT 887—LN 35.36–35.46 (qal) guard, care for, formally, gaze, fix one’s eyes on, i.e., be in a state of readiness and alertness, implying care and concern for an object, as a figurative extension of intently gazing at an object (Ps 32:8 cj+), note: for NIV text, see 3619; see also domain LN 27.55–27.60

עצר (ʿṣr): see 6806

6806 עָצַר (ʿā·ṣǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6113; TWOT 1675—1. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) hold back, restrain, stop, i.e., have a state or condition cease (Ge 16:2; 1Ki 18:44; 2Ki 4:24; 2Ch 14:10[EB 11]; Job 4:2; 12:15; 29:9+); (nif) stopped (Nu 17:13[EB 16:48],15[EB 16:50]; 25:8; 2Sa 24:21, 25; 1Ch 21:22; Ps 106:30+); 2. LN 87.76–87.86 (qal pass.) be enslaved, be constrained, i.e., be made personal property or force into indentured service (Dt 32:36; 1Ki 14:10; 21:21; 2Ki 9:8; 14:26+); 3. LN 37.108–37.110 (qal) detain, i.e., impede the movement of a person, and so have one’s movement controlled (Jdg 13:15, 16; 1Ki 17:4+); (qal pass.) be kept from (1Sa 21:6[EB 5]; 1Ch 12:1; Ne 6:10; Jer 33:1; 36:5; 39:15+); (nif) detained, in custody (1Sa 21:8[EB 7]+); 4. LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) shut up, i.e., close up an object so there can be no passage of a mass or collection (Ge 20:18; Dt 11:17; 2Ch 7:13; Isa 66:9+); (qal pass.) be shut up (Jer 20:9+); (nif) be shut up (1Ki 8:35; 2Ch 6:26+); 5. LN 37.48–37.95 (qal) govern, formally, restrain, i.e., rule over a people with a focus that the rulership restrains and controls the behavior of the people (1Sa 9:17+); 6. LN 74 (qal) be able, i.e., have the capacity to perform an activity or effect a state (2Ch 20:37+); 7. LN 74 unit: (qal) עָצַר כֹּחַ (ʿā·ṣǎr kōaḥ)1 be able, formally, retain strength, i.e., have to capacity to perform an activity or effect a state (1Ch 29:14; 2Ch 2:5[EB 6]; 13:20; 22:9; Da 10:8, 16; 11:6+)

6807 עֶצֶר (ʿě·ṣěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6114; TWOT 1675a—1. LN 37.1–37.32 restraint, i.e., the act. of keeping or hindering certain actions (Jdg 18:7+), note: KB, Holladay translate as “oppression”; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: יָרַשׁ עֶצֶר (yā·rǎš ʿě·ṣěr) ruler, formally, possessor of restraint, i.e., one who rules or governs a people with a focus that the leader possesses the power to restrain behavior (Jdg 18:7+), note: this likely refers to a time of prosperity, since economic stability is often linked to a strong government which effectively rules, as in the NIV and some ancient versions; note: some sources express difficulty in understanding the meaning of this phrase

6808 עֹצֶר (ʿō·ṣěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6115; TWOT 1675b—1. LN 22.15–22.20 oppression, i.e., a state of hardship and trouble for someone (Ps 107:39; Isa 53:8+); 2. LN 23.46–23.60 barrenness, i.e., a state of a female not being able to conceive or give birth to a child (Pr 30:16+)

6809 עֲצָרָה (ʿǎṣā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6116; TWOT 1675c—LN 11.1–11.11 assembly, congregation, i.e., a crowd or group of persons that meet together (Lev 23:36; Nu 29:35; Dt 16:8; 2Ki 10:20; 2Ch 7:9; Ne 8:18; Isa 1:13; Jer 9:1[EB 2]; Joel 1:14; 2:15; Am 5:21+)

עֲצֶרֶת (ʿǎṣě·rěṯ) BDB: see 6809

עקב (ʿqb) Holladay, KB: see 6810

עקב (ʿqb)[1] Lisowsky: see 6810

עקב (ʿqb)[2] Lisowsky: see 6810

6810 עָקַב (ʿā·qǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 6117; TWOT 1676—1. LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) grasp the heel, i.e., grasp and hold an object so as to restrain movement (Hos 12:4[EB 3]+); 2. LN 13.104–13.163 (piel) restrain, formally, hold the heel, i.e., to hinder or restrain an action so as to cause it not to happen (Job 37:4+); 3. LN 31.8–31.13 (qal) deceive, i.e., cause another to hold a mistaken belief using actions of trickery (Ge 27:36; Jer 9:3[EB 4]+)

עָקֵב (ʿā·qēḇ): see 6811, 6812

6811 I. עָקֵב (ʿā·qēḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6119; TWOT 1676a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 heel, i.e., the back of the foot below the ankle on a mammal (Ge 3:15; 25:26; 49:17; Job 18:9; Ps 41:10[EB 9]+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 hoof, i.e., the curved covering of horn on the bottom of a horse’s foot, corresponding to a nail or claw (Jdg 5:22+); 3. LN 41.1–41.24 movements, formally, footstep, i.e., the places one moves about in a daily routine as a figurative extension of a footstep (Ps 56:7[EB 6]; 89:52[EB 51]+); 4. LN 15.224–15.229 track, footprint, i.e., the imprint of a foot in dirt, as a by-product of walking or stepping (Ps 77:20[EB 19]; SS 1:8+); 5. LN 8.9–8.69 private body parts, formally, heel, i.e., the personal parts of the body not normally exposed such as the genitals or buttocks (Jer 13:22+); 6. LN 55.7–55.13 rear guard, i.e., back part of an army or military band (Ge 49:19; Jos 8:13+)

6812 II. עָקֵב (ʿā·qēḇ): n.masc. [BDB: adj.]; ≡ Str 6120; TWOT 1676b—LN 39.1–39.12 treacherous foes, i.e., a hostile enemy capable of deceiving (Ps 49:6[EB 5]+), note: some sources change text, see BHS ftn, see also WBC19:357; note: this is widely translated in the versions: (KJV, NKJV) heel; (NASB, NEB, REB) foe; (NIV) deceiver; (RSV, NRSV) persecutors; (NAB) ensnarers; (NJB) “dogs me”; (Tanakh) those who supplant

6813 עֵקֶב (ʿē·qěḇ): c. [see also 6813.5, 6813.6]; ≡ Str 6118; TWOT 1676e—LN 89.15–89.38 because, i.e., a marker of a cause or reason for an event (Ge 22:18; 26:5; Nu 14:24; Dt 7:12; 8:20; 2Sa 12:6, 10; Ps 40:16[EB 15]; 70:4[EB 3]; Am 4:12+)

עֵקֶב (ʿē·qěḇ): n.masc. [served by 6813]; ≡ Str 6118; TWOT 1676e—LN 38.14–38.20 recompense, reward, i.e., a benefit given to another based on merit for behavior or trustworthiness (Ps 19:12[EB 11]; Pr 22:4; Isa 5:23+)

עֵקֶב (ʿē·qěḇ): adv. [served by 6813]; ≡ Str 6118; TWOT 1676e—LN 67.65–67.72 unto the end, i.e., pertaining to a point of time in a duration of time, so be the end point of a duration (Ps 119:33,112+)

עָקֹב (ʿā·qōḇ): see 6814

6814 I. עָקֹב (ʿā·qōḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 6121; TWOT 1676c—LN 15.224–15.229 tracked, i.e., pertaining to a detectable evidence of a visible trail of a substance (Hos 6:8+), note: see BHS ftn for diff. text; note: NIV translates “footprint.”

6815 II. עָקֹב (ʿā·qōḇ): adj. [see also 6815.5]; ≡ Str 6121; TWOT 1676c—1. LN 88.152–88.159 deceitful, i.e., pertaining to that which is deceptive and not honest and tends to lead astray from a right precept (Jer 17:9+); 2. LN 79.84–79.87 rough, bumpy, uneven, i.e., pertaining to an object or ground that is not smooth or level (Isa 40:4+), note: some parse as 6815.5

עָקֹב (ʿā·qōḇ): n.masc. [served by 6815]; ≡ Str 6121; TWOT 1676c—LN 1.46–1.50 rough ground, i.e., bumpy, only slightly-elevated land (Isa 40:4+), note: some parse as an a, see 6815

6816 עֹקֶב (ʿō·qěḇ): n.[masc.]—LN 31.8–31.13 insidiousness, deceitfulness, i.e., an action or attitude that causes another or oneself to have a mistaken view (Ps 139:24 cj+), note: for MT text, see 6778

עָקְבָה (ʿāq·ḇā(h)): see 6817

6817 עָקְבָּה (ʿāq·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6122; TWOT 1676d—LN 31.8–31.13 cunning, craftiness, i.e., the state of causing someone to have misleading or erroneous views and so practice deception, fraud, or treacherousness (2Ki 10:19+)

עקד (ʿqd): see 6818

6818 עָקַד (ʿā·qǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 6123; TWOT 1677—LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) bind, i.e., to tie or fasten two objects together (Ge 22:9+)

6819 עָקֹד (ʿā·qōḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 6124; TWOT 1678a—1. LN 79.26–79.38 (BDB, most versions) streaked, striped, i.e., pertaining to an alternating color pattern of stripes or less distinct linear discolorations (Ge 30:35, 39, 40; 31:8,10, 12+); note: (NKJV) speckled; note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 79.88–79.90 (KB, Holladay) curly, i.e., pertaining to having a curly, crooked appearing tail on an animal, as a distinguishing mark, as a feature of an object (Ge 30:35, 39, 40; 31:8,10, 12+), note: context favors the meaning as a color pattern of some kind, see prior entry

6820 עֵקֶד (ʿē·qěḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1044;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eked: part of a compound name, Beth Eked, see 1118

6821 עָקָה (ʿā·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6125; TWOT 1585a—1. LN 24.1–24.51 stare, formally, pressure, i.e., a glaring at a person as a non-verbal communication of oppression (Ps 55:4[EB 3]+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489; 2. LN 22.21–22.28 oppression, formally, pressure, i.e., cause hardship or distress to another (Ps 55:4[EB 3]+); 3. LN 33.387–33.403 threats, formally, pressure, i.e., the verbal slander toward another, as a means to intimidate and oppress (Ps 55:4[EB 3]+), note: though context allows for all the above, “stare” is the best contextual choice

6822 עַקּוּב (ʿǎq·qûḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6126;—LN 93-pers. (male) Akkub: 1. of Solomon, in Babylonian captivity (1Ch 3:24+) 2. a gatekeeper (Ezr 2:42; Ne 7:45+) 3. a descendant of 2. (1Ch 9:17+) 4. a temple servant (Ezr 2:45+) 5. a Levite who instructed (Ne 8:7+) 6. another descendant of 2. (Ne 11:19; 12:25+)

עקל (ʿql): see 6823

6823 עָקַל (ʿā·qǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6127; TWOT 1680—LN 72 (pual ptcp.) be perverted, be distorted, i.e., pertaining to that which is false by virtue of being morally twisted or crooked in contrast to a normal condition (Hab 1:4+)

6824 עֲקַלְקָל (ʿǎqǎl·qāl): adj.; ≡ Str 6128; TWOT 1680a—1. LN 79.88–79.90 crooked, winding, i.e., pertaining to that which is not linearly straight, and so more difficult and slower to navigate, as the feature of an object (Jdg 5:6+); 2. LN 88.262–88.270 perverse, crooked, i.e., pertaining to that which is morally corrupt (Ps 125:5+), note: apparently this is an a in which the “ways” or “paths” is elliptical and so understood, though some translate as a noun, “crookedness”

6825 עֲקַלָּתוֹן (ʿǎqǎl·lā·ṯôn): adj.; ≡ Str 6129; TWOT 1680b—LN 79.88–79.90 coiling, twisting, i.e., pertaining to a twisting, spiraling position of a snake, assumed to be ready to strike (Isa 27:1+), note: possibly this could be pertaining to following a winding course, so making forward linear motion using snake-like gliding (twisting back and forth) motion, see also domain LN 15.1–15.17

6826 עֲקָן (ʿǎqān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6130;—LN 93-pers. (male) Akan (Ge 36:27+), note: for MT text in 1Ch 1:42, see 3622

עקר (ʿqr): see 6827, 6828

6827 I. עָקַר (ʿā·qǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6131; TWOT 1681, 1682—1. LN 43 (qal inf. cs.) root up, i.e., to pull up a plant by the roots, as an appropriate action in the planting and harvest process (Ecc 3:2+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (nif impf.) be abandoned, be ruined, formally, be uprooted, i.e., to be completely emptied of a population, with a focus on complete destruction, as a figurative extension of the uprooting of a plant ends in the life of the plant (Zep 2:4+)

6828 II. עָקַר (ʿā·qǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6131; TWOT 1681—LN 19.14–19.26 (piel) hamstring, cripple, i.e., cut the tendon, usually on the back leg of a large mammal, and so render helpless or useless (Ge 49:6; Jos 11:6, 9; 2Sa 8:4; 1Ch 18:4+), note: often in the context of a military fighting technique, see also domain LN 55.2–55.6

עִקֵּר (ʿiq·qēr) BDB: see 6828

6829 עָקָר (ʿā·qār): adj.; ≡ Str 6135; TWOT 1682a—LN 23.46–23.60 infertile, sterile, barren, i.e., pertaining to being sexually infertile and so not able to inseminate a female, or a woman bear children (Ge 11:30; 25:21; 29:31; Ex 23:26; Dt 7:14; Jdg 13:2, 3; 1Sa 2:5; Job 24:21; Ps 113:9; Isa 54:1+)

6830 I. עֵקֶר (ʿē·qěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6133; TWOT 1681a—LN 10.14–10.48 offspring, i.e., one who is a kin member of the same clan in a successive generation (Lev 25:47+)

6831 II. עֵקֶר (ʿē·qěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6134;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eker: son of Ram (1Ch 2:27+)

6832 עַקְרָב (ʿǎq·rāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 4610, 6137; TWOT 1683—1. LN 4.47–4.50 scorpion, i.e., an insect which is a nocturnal arachnid, with an elongated body and venomous stinger at the tip, of the order Scorpionida and likely the genus Buthus (Dt 8:15; Eze 2:6+), see also 6832.5; 2. LN 6.26–6.28 whip, scourge, formally, scorpion, i.e., a particularly painful whip, possibly with weighted ends on the thongs, as an instrument for punishing (1Ki 12:11, 14; 2Ch 10:11, 14+), note: oth interp this as the insect and not a whip

עַקְרָב (ʿǎq·rāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4610, 6137;—LN 93-place (loc.) Scorpion Pass: pass. S of the Dead Sea on the SE border of Judah (Nu 34:4; Jos 15:3; Jdg 1:36+), see also 6832

6833 עֶקְרוֹן (ʿěq·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6138;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ekron: city on the coastal plain, on the N border of Judah, (Jos 13:3; 15:11, 45, 46; 19:43; Jdg 1:18; 1Sa 5:10; 6:16, 17; 7:14; 17:52; 2Ki 1:2, 3, 6, 16; Jer 25:20; Am 1:8; Zep 2:4; Zec 9:5, 7+), see also 6834

6834 עֶקְרוֹנִי (ʿěq·rô·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6139;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ekronite: pertaining to Ekron (Jos 13:3; 1Sa 5:10+), see also 6833

עקשׁ (ʿqš): see 6835

6835 עָקַשׁ (ʿā·qǎš): v.; ≡ Str 6140; TWOT 1684—1. LN 88.262–88.270 (nif ptcp.) be perverse, be morally crooked, i.e., be in a distorted, perverted state from what is just according to a standard (Pr 28:18+); (piel) take crooked paths, distort what is right (Pr 10:9; Isa 59:8; Mic 3:9+); 2. LN 56.20–56.34 (hif impf.) pronounce guilty, i.e., make a legal verbal pronouncement of wrongdoing and so condemn(Job 9:20+)

6836 I. עִקֵּשׁ (ʿiq·qēš): adj. [see also 6836.5]; ≡ Str 6141; TWOT 1684a—LN 88.262–88.270 perverse, morally crooked or warped, i.e., pertaining to what is distorted or perverted from a just, right condition (Dt 32:5; Ps 101:4; Pr 2:15; 8:8; 11:20; 17:20; 19:1; 28:6+)

עִקֵּשׁ (ʿiq·qēš): n.masc. [served by 6836]; ≡ Str 6141; TWOT 1684a—LN 88.262–88.270 the wicked, the crooked, i.e., persons who are morally corrupt and perverse as a class of people (2Sa 22:27; Ps 18:27[EB 26]; Pr 22:5+)

6837 II. עִקֵּשׁ (ʿiq·qēš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6142;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ikkesh: father of one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:26; 1Ch 11:28; 27:9+)

6838 עִקְּשׁוּת (ʿiq·qešûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6143; TWOT 1684b—LN 88.262–88.270 perversion, moral corruption, i.e., a state which deviates from a just, right state, as a figurative extension of crookedness of a physical object or path (Pr 4:24; 6:12+)

6839 I. עָר (ʿār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6145; TWOT 1684—LN 39.1–39.12 enemy, adversary, i.e., one to whom a subject is actively hostile (1Sa 28:16; Ps 139:20+)

6840 II. עָר (ʿār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6144;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ar: town of Moab, on the Arnon River (Nu 21:15, 28; Dt 2:9, 18, 29; Isa 15:1+)

עֵר (ʿēr): v.—see 6424 qal act. ptcp. (SS 5:2; Mal 2:12+)

6841 עֵר (ʿēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6147;—LN 93-pers. (male) Er: 1. son of Judah, husband of Tamar (Ge 38:3, 6, 7; 46:12; Nu 26:19;1Ch 2:3+) 2. of Judah (1Ch 4:21+) 3. (Lk 3:28+), see DBLGrk 2474

I. ערב (ʿrb): see 6842

II. ערב (ʿrb): see 6843

III. ערב (ʿrb): see 6844

IV. ערב (ʿrb): see 6845

6842 I. עָרַב (ʿā·rǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 6148; TWOT 1686—1. LN 57.152–57.171 (qal) put up a security, mortgage, make a guarantee, give a pledge, i.e., give an object or personal security in an agreement to ensure that an agreed future event in fact happens (Ge 43:9; 44:32; Ne 5:3; Job 17:3; Pr 6:1; 11:15; 17:18; 20:16; 22:26; 27:13+); (hitp) make a bargain, make a wager (2Ki 18:23; Isa 36:8+); 2. LN 35.1–35.18 (qal) aid, i.e., come to the help of someone to meet a need, with a focus on a great deal of personal involvement (Ps 119:122; Isa 38:14+); 3. LN 57.186–57.188 (qal) barter, trade, i.e., exchange of goods or services in the act. of buying and selling in business (Eze 27:9, 27+); 4. LN 25.68–25.79 unit: (qal) עָרַב אֵת לֵב (ʿā·rǎḇ ʾēṯ lēḇ) devote, formally, pledge the heart, i.e., be eager in attitude to adhere to a person or belief or engage in an event (Jer 30:21+)

6843 II. עָרַב (ʿā·rǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 6148; TWOT 1686—1. LN 63.9–63.12 (hitp) mingle, join in with, i.e., combine two races of people, implying social or religious disorder (Ezr 9:2; Ps 106:35+); 2. LN 90.56–90.84 (hitp) share, i.e., have an experience, state, or event with another participant (Pr 14:10+); 3. LN 34.22–34.30 (hitp) join, i.e., begin an association with others (Pr 20:19; 24:21+)

6844 III. עָרַב (ʿā·rǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 6149; TWOT 1687a—LN 25.85–25.98 (qal) be pleasing, be pleasant, be acceptable, i.e., be in a state of acceptance which brings a feeling or attitude of being favorable and welcome (Ps 104:34; Pr 3:24; 13:19; Jer 6:20; 31:26; Eze 16:37; Hos 9:4; Mal 3:4+)

6845 IV. עָרַב (ʿā·rǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 6150; TWOT 1689—1. LN 67.163–67.200 (qal inf. cs.) become evening, i.e., be in the time of very late afternoon and dark, a period when a traveler prepares for spending the night (Jdg 19:9+); (hif inf. abs.) do something in the evening (1Sa 17:16+); 2. LN 25.288–25.296 (qal pf. 3fs.) be in gloom, i.e., be in a state of sadness and hopelessness, in a discouraged state (Isa 24:11+)

6846 I. עֶרֶב (ʿě·rěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6152; TWOT 1688a, 1688c—see 6850, 6851 (1Ki 10:15; Jer 25:20, 24+)

6847 II. עֶרֶב (ʿě·rěḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6153; TWOT 1689a—1. LN 67.191 evening, sundown, i.e., the period of time related to the setting of the sun, from late or very late afternoon to the beginning of the dark night time (1Sa 14:24); 2. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: בַּיִן הַ־ עֶרֶב (bǎ·yin hǎ- ʿě·rěḇ)2 twilight, dusk, i.e., the period of time between sunset and dark (Ex 12:6; 16:12; 29:39, 41; 30:8; Lev 23:5; Nu 9:3, 5, 11; 28:4, 8+); 3. LN 67.163–67.200 night, i.e., the period of time that is after sunset and twilight, a dark time of the night (Job 7:4; Ps 30:6[EB 5]+)

6848 III. עֶרֶב (ʿě·rěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6154; TWOT 1685a, 1685b—see 6850, 6851 (Ex 12:38; 1Ki 10:15)

6849 I. עֵרֶב (ʿē·rěḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6154; TWOT 1685a—LN 6.152–6.187 fabric, piece of material, i.e., a processed piece of cloth by weaving or even possibly knitting (Lev 13:48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 56, 57, 58, 59+), note: (most versions) “woof” (or weft) as a technical term of a woven thread at right angle with the “warp” in a woven pattern is not logically sustainable in the context, unless a specialized idiom such as hendiadys (two combining as one, “warp and woof” equals “cloth.”; (NIV, NAB) “knitted material;” (NJB) covering

6850 II. עֵרֶב (ʿē·rěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6154; TWOT 1685a—LN 11.55–11.89 foreign people, other people, i.e., a cultural or geographical group not known or associated to the group in question (Ex 12:38; Ne 13:3; Jer 25:20; 50:37; Eze 30:5+), see also 6846; for another parsing in Jer 25:24, see 6846; for another parsing in Eze 30:5, see 6851

6851 I. עֲרַב (ʿǎrǎḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6152; TWOT 1688a—LN 93-pers. (gent. & loc.) Arabian: people that live in the area of N. Arabia (1Ki 10:15; 2Ch 9:14; Isa 21:13; Jer 25:24; Eze 27:21; 30:5+), note: for another parsing in Eze 30:5, see 6850; for Isa 21:13, see 6852; for 1Ki 10:15, see 6846

6852 II. עֲרַב (ʿǎrǎḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6152; TWOT 1688a—LN 1.86–1.87 desert-plateau, steppe, wasteland, i.e., a desert-land area (Isa 21:13+), note: BDB identifies as N. Arabia area, note: oth parse as 6851

6853 עָרֵב (ʿā·rēḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 6156; TWOT 1687a—1. LN 25.102–25.115 pleasant, i.e., pertaining to an enjoyable pleasant event or sensation (SS 2:14+); 2. LN 79.39–79.44 sweet, i.e., pertaining to one of the major taste group, pleasant and not sour, bitter, or salt, as the feature of an object (Pr 20:17)

6854 I. עֹרֵב (ʿō·rēḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6158; TWOT 1690a—LN 4.38–4.46 crow, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: a winged creature; usually identified as from the Corvidae family (most versions) raven Corvus corax; or less specifically identified as (NAB, NEB, REB) crow (Ge 8:7; Lev 11:15; Dt 14:14; 1Ki 17:4, 6; Job 38:41; Ps 147:9; Pr 30:17; SS 5:11; Isa 34:11+), see also 6855

6855 II. עֹרֵב (ʿō·rēḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6159;—LN 93-pers. (male) Oreb: leader of Midian killed in Gideon’s victory (Jdg 7:25; 8:3; Ps 83:12[EB 11]; Isa 10:26+), see also 6854

6856 עָרֹב (ʿā·rōḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6157; TWOT 1685c—LN 4.47–4.50 (coll.) flies, i.e., a noxious, winged insect which swarms, exact identification is not currently known (Ex 8:17[EB 21],18[EB 22],20[EB 24],25[EB 29],27[EB 31]; Ps 78:45; 105:31+), note: NIV, RSV, NRSV, NASB, CEV, “gnats;” KJV, ASV, “lice;” NEB, REB, “maggots;” NJB, “horseflies;” Tanakh ftn, “wild beasts.”

6857 I. עֲרָבָה (ʿǎrā·ḇā(h)): n.[fem.] [see also 6857.5]; ≡ Str 6155; TWOT 1690b—LN 3.2–3.12 poplar tree, i.e., the Euphrates poplar, a fast-growing tree, with rustling leaves, Populus euphratica (Lev 23:40; Job 40:22; Ps 137:2; Isa 44:4+), note: oth identify as a willow of the Salix family with similar characteristics to the poplar

עֲרָבָה (ʿǎrā·ḇā(h)): n.pr. [served by 6857]; ≡ Str 6155; TWOT 1690b—LN 93-place (loc.) unit: נַחַל הַ־ עֲרָבָה (nǎ·ḥǎl hǎ- ʿǎrā·ḇā(h))1 Ravine of the Poplars: a valley crossed by fleeing Moabites, somewhere E. of the S end of the Dead Sea (Isa 15:7+)

6858 II. עֲרָבָה (ʿǎrā·ḇā(h)): n.fem. [see also 6858.5]; ≡ Str 6160; TWOT 1688d—LN 1.86–1.87 desert-plateau, steppe, wasteland, i.e., a desert-land area (Nu 22:1), note: it can refer to many different areas

עֲרָבָה (ʿǎrā·ḇā(h)): n.pr. [served by 6858]; ≡ Str 6160; TWOT 1688d—LN 93-place Arabah: a specific area of biblical land, i.e., the Rift Valley from the Sea of Galilee to the Red Sea (Jos 12:1), note: for MT text in Ps 68:5[EB 4], see 6265; note: for NIV text in 2Sa 17:16, see 6302

6859 עֲרֻבָּה (ʿǎrǔb·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6161; TWOT 1686a—1. LN 31.82–31.101 assurance, i.e., a verbal message or possibly an object as a token to give confidence to another that one in question is in a favorable circumstance (1Sa 17:18+); 2. LN 57.152–57.171 security, surety, pledge, i.e., an object of value that is given as a guarantee of repayment of a loan, or fulfillment of an obligation (Pr 17:18+)

6860 עֵרָבוֹן (ʿē·rā·ḇôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6162; TWOT 1686b—LN 57.152–57.171 pledge, surety, security, i.e., an object of value that is given as a guarantee of repayment of a loan, or fulfillment of an obligation (Ge 38:17, 18, 20+)

6861 עַרְבִי (ʿǎr·ḇî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6163;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Arabian: people of Arabia (2Ch 17:11; 21:16; 22:1; 26:7; Ne 2:19; 4:1[EB 7]; 6:1+)

6862 עֲרָבִי (ʿǎrā·ḇî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6163; TWOT 1688b—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Arab, i.e., a people that dwell in the deserts of N. Arabia (Isa 13:20; Jer 3:2+)

6863 עַרְבָתִי (ʿǎr·ḇā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6164;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Arbathite: pertaining to Beth Arabah (a town) or from the Arbah (an area) itself (2Sa 23:31; 1Ch 11:32+), see 1098

ערג (ʿrg): see 6864

6864 עָרַג (ʿā·rǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 6165; TWOT 1691—LN 25.12–25.32 (qal) desire, long for, i.e., to have a strong wish or yearning pant for someone or situation as a figurative extension of the panting of an animal which is overheated or dehydrated (Ps 42:2[EB 1]; Joel 1:20+)

6865 I. עֲרָד (ʿǎrāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6166;—LN 93-pers. (male) Arad: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:15+)

6866 II. עֲרָד (ʿǎrāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6166;—LN 93-place (loc.) Arad: Canaanite city (Malatha), or (Nu 21:1; 33:40; Jos 12:14; Jdg 1:16+)

ערה (ʿrh): see 6867

6867 I. עָרָה (ʿā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6168; TWOT 1692—1. LN 13.104–13.163 (piel) cause to happen, formally, pour out, i.e., have an event happen as an extension of the pouring of a mass out of a container (Ps 141:8+); (nif) poured (Isa 32:15+); (hif) pour out (Isa 53:12+); 2. LN 79.114–79.117 (piel) lay bare, expose, strip, i.e., have no covering on an object or person, with a possible implication or vulnerability, destruction, or causing low status or humiliation (Ps 137:7; Isa 3:17; 22:6; Hab 3:13; Zep 2:14+); (hif) expose (Lev 20:18+); (hitp) show oneself naked (La 4:21+), note: Ps 37:35 for NIV text, see 6590; 3. LN 47.1–47.7 (piel) pour out, empty, i.e., cause the movement of a collection or mass out of a container (Ge 24:20; 2Ch 24:11+); 4. LN 87.4–87.18 (hif) dishonor, cause disgrace, i.e., show a lack or respect and so cause a low status to the object (Lev 20:19+)

6868 II. עָרָה (ʿā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6169; TWOT 1692a—1. LN 3.13–3.32 water plant, reed, rush, bulrush, water-grass, papyrus, lotus, i.e., a plant which is found in and along a riverbank or marsh which needs much water (Isa 19:7+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 1.60–1.68 (BDB, RSV, NRSV, ASV, CEV) bare place, meadows, fields, i.e., an area of land that intersects the water that does not have anything distinguishable in it (Isa 19:7+), note: analogies from cognate language studies, ancient versions, and context favor the prior meaning as correct

6869 III. עָרָה (ʿā·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4632;—LN 93-place Arah: currently unknown town or district of the Sidonians (Jos 13:4+), for another parsing in Jos 13:4, see 5117

6870 עֲרוּגָה (ʿǎrû·ḡā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6170; TWOT 1691a—LN 1.95–1.98 garden bed, garden plot, i.e., an area of ground cultivated for plants of various uses, possibly raised or boxed higher than the ground around it (SS 5:13; 6:2; Eze 17:7, 10+)

6871 עָרוֹד (ʿā·rôḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6171; TWOT 1693—LN 4.1–4.37 wild donkey, undomesticated ass, a large unclean mammal of the Asinus genus, specifically identified by some as Equus Asinus hemippus (Job 39:5+)

6872 עֶרְוָה (ʿěr·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6172; TWOT 1692b—1. LN 8.9–8.69 genitals, pudenda, i.e., private, personal parts of the body, especially the external sexual organs (Ge 9:22); 2. LN 21.6–21.8 unprotected, vulnerable, formally, naked, i.e., to be in a state or condition in which harm can come, and be virtually without defenses (Ge 42:9); 3. LN 88.149–88.151 indecentness, ugliness, repulsiveness, i.e., any act. or condition that is not proper or morally repugnant, with a possibly focus on bodily functions (Dt 23:15[EB 14]; 24:1+), note: 24:1 is sometimes interp as strictly sexual in nature; 4. LN 23.61–23.65 unit: גָּלָה עֶרְוָה (gā·lā(h) ʿěr·wā(h)) sexual relations, formally, expose the nakedness, i.e., to have physical, sexual intercourse (Lev 18:6–20:21 passim), note: in an improper relationship, this is a dishonorable, shameful act., see also domain LN 88.271–88.282; 5. LN 49 unit: גָּלָה עֶרְוָה (gā·lā(h) ʿěr·wā(h)) strip bare, take off all clothing, formally, expose the nakedness, i.e., to remove all clothing until naked (Eze 16:37; 23:10), note: in public, this is a dishonorable, shameful act.; 6. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: בָּשָׂר עֶרְוָה (bā·śār ʿěr·wā(h)) waist section, i.e., the section of the body from the lower stomach to the upper or middle thigh (Ex 28:42)

6873 עָרוֹם (ʿā·rôm): adj.; ≡ Str 6174; TWOT 1588c—1. LN 49 naked, i.e., pertaining to being unclothed and bare-skinned, in some contexts implying shame, others as destitution (Ge 2:25; 1Sa 19:24; Job 1:21; 22:6; 24:7, 10; Ecc 5:14[EB 15]; Isa 20:2, 3, 4; 58:7; Hos 2:5[EB 3]; Am 2:16; Mic 1:8+), note: in some contexts “inadequately clothed” is a possible meaning; 2. LN 83.23–83.32 have no barrier, near, formally, naked, i.e., be in a close proximity to something, implying a dominance over that thing (Job 26:6+)

6874 עָרוּם (ʿā·rûm): adj.; ≡ Str 6175; TWOT 1698c—1. LN 32.24–32.41 prudent, shrewd, crafty, discerning, sensible, i.e., pertaining to wisdom and shrewdness in the management of affairs, showing a capacity for understanding (Pr 12:16, 23; 13:16; 14:8, 15, 18; 22:3; 27:12+), note: often referring to prudent, wise persons; 2. LN 88.262–88.270 crafty, clever, i.e., pertaining to being tricky and cunning, with a focus on evil treachery (Ge 3:1; Job 5:12; 15:5+)

עֵרוֹם (ʿē·rôm): see 6567, 6567.5 (Eze 18:16+)

6875 I. עֲרוֹעֵר (ʿǎrô·ʿēr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6176; TWOT 1705b, 1705c—LN 3.2–3.12 bush, shrub, i.e., a bushy tree, with leaves resembling needles or scales, like a juniper bush, genus Juniperus or tamarisk, genus Tamarix (Jer 48:6+), note: for NIV text, see 6899

6876 II. עֲרוֹעֵר (ʿǎrô·ʿēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6177;—LN 93-place (loc.) Aroer: 1. town in the Arnon valley, (Nu 32:34; Dt 2:36; 3:12; 4:48; Jos 12:2; 13:9, 16; Jdg 11:33; 2Sa 24:5; 2Ki 10:33; 1Ch 5:8; Isa 17:2; Jer 48:6 K,19+), see also 6901 2. town of Judah near Beersheba, (1Sa 30:28), note: for cj, see 6900 3. place on boundary between Israel and Ammon (Jos 13:25) note: for NIV text in Jer 48:6, see 6899, note: for K in Jdg 11:26, see 6898

6877 עָרוּץ (ʿā·rûṣ): adj.; ≡ Str 6178; TWOT 1702a—LN 1.51–1.59 sloped, i.e., pertaining to the shape of an object, somewhere between horizontal and vertical dimensions, as a geographical feature transitioning a higher and lower area of land (Job 30:6+), note: Gesenius, BDB appeals to different etymology and translates “dreadful” or “horrible;” NIV translates “dry,” apparently translating the reference to a wadi or gully, as a mostly dry stream bed

עָרוֹת (ʿā·rôṯ) Holladay: see 6868 and 6867 (Isa 19:7; Hab 3:13+)

6878 I. עֵרִי (ʿē·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6179;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eri: of Gad (Ge 46:16; Nu 26:16a+), see also 6879

6879 II. עֵרִי (ʿē·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6180;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Erite: pertaining to Eri (Nu 26:16b+), see also 6878

6880 עֶרְיָה (ʿěr·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6181; TWOT 1692c—1. LN 49 bareness, uncoveredness, nakedness, i.e., a part or whole of the body uncovered from clothing and so exposed and bare, implying either vulnerableness or shamefulness (Eze 16:7, 22, 39; 23:29; Mic 1:11+); 2. LN 79.114–79.117 unit: עֶרְיָה עוּר (ʿěr·yā(h) ʿûr)2 uncover, formally, lay bare nakedness, i.e., remove a cover that is over an object (Hab 3:9+)

6881 עֲרִיסָה (ʿǎrî·sā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6182; TWOT 1699a—LN 63.9–63.12 dough, i.e., a coarse-flour and water mix in the first phase of bread making (Nu 15:20, 21; Ne 10:38[EB 37]; Eze 44:30+), note: NIV translates as “ground meal” which would be flour not mixed with water; note: some translate “kneading trough” as an implement in household baking chores, see also LN 46, as a food see also LN 5; note: the ety. suggests a mixed product, or an object for mixing upon

עֲרִיף (ʿǎrîp̄) BDB: see 6882

6882 עֲרִיפִים (ʿǎrî·p̄îm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6183; TWOT 1701a—LN 1.34–1.38 (most versions) heavy cloud, i.e., a visible mass, of condensed water vapor in the atmosphere, dense enough to block much of the light (Isa 5:30+), note: NEB translates “hill-tops;” oth sources translate as “trickling, dripping,” but this is not contextually viable

6883 עָרִיץ (ʿā·rîṣ): adj.; ≡ Str 6184; TWOT 1702b—LN 88.135–88.138 ruthless, cruel, fierce, i.e., pertaining to acting very harshly toward another, implying usually a great deal of force or might is applied, instilling terror or fear in the object (Job 6:23; 15:20; 27:13; Ps 37:35; 54:5[EB 3]; 86:14; Pr 11:16; Isa 13:11; 25:3, 4, 5; 29:5, 20; 49:25; Jer 15:21; 20:11; Eze 28:7; 30:11; 31:12; 32:12+), note: for MT text in Isa 49:24, see 7404; note: for Ps 37:35 cj, see 6616

6884 עֲרִירִי (ʿǎrî·rî): adj.; ≡ Str 6185; TWOT 1705a—LN 10.14–10.48 childless, i.e., pertaining to not having a son or daughter, without progeny but not necessarily infertile (Ge 15:2; Lev 20:20, 21; Jer 22:30+)

ערךְ (ʿrk): see 6885

6885 עָרַךְ (ʿā·rǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 6186; TWOT 1694—1. LN 61.1–62.1 (qal) put in order, arrange in rows, i.e., place physical objects in a certain pattern for a particular task or purpose, implying care and tending of the object (Lev 1:7, 8); (qal pass.) be arranged, be put in order (Jos 2:6); 2. LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) take up positions, i.e., make preparations to fight by having an army line up in a certain pattern (Jdg 20:20); (qal pass.) be put in formation (Jer 6:23); 3. LN 62.3–62.9 (qal) arrange, i.e., organize events or states, implying thoughtful planning and purpose (2Sa 23:5; Ps 40:6[EB 5]; 50:21); 4. LN 77 (qal) prepare, ready, i.e., be in a state in which one can take virtually immediate action (Jer 46:3); 5. LN 64 (qal) compare, liken, i.e., contrast and compare similarities to other like objects (Job 28:17, 19; Ps 89:7; Isa 40:18); 6. LN 39.1–39.12 (qal) be hostile, formally, marshal against, i.e., be in a state of hostility and strife as a figurative extension of forming battle lines in a battle (Job 6:4); 7. LN 65.1–65.16 (hif) set a value, judge quality, i.e., declare a monetary value of an object based on reasonable comparisons to other situations or objects (Lev 27:8,12, 14+); 8. LN 57.178–57.185 (hif) set tax amount, i.e., set values of property and services which then presumably go to public coffers (2Ki 23:35+)

II. עָרַךְ (ʿā·rǎḵ): v. [BDB]—see 6885 (Lev 27:8,12, 14; 2Ki 23:35+)

6886 עֵרֶךְ (ʿē·rěḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6187; TWOT 1694a—1. LN 57.152–57.171 proper value, correct worth, i.e., that which is estimated by a competent evaluation to be a correct value or worth, usually rendered at a specific amount of money (Lev 5:15); 2. LN 8.1–8.8 form, shape of a body, i.e., the physical body’s appearance as one looks upon it (Job 41:4[EB 12]+); 3. LN 79.9–79.17 arrangement, arranged things, i.e., stuff that is set out in an orderly, arrayed manner according to instructions or proper understanding, implying a kind of beauty in its presentation (Ex 40:4, 23+); 4. LN 6.152–6.187 unit: עֵרֶךְ בֶּגֶד (ʿē·rěḵ bě·ḡěḏ)2 wardrobe, outfits of clothing, i.e., a collection of wearing apparel (Jdg 17:10); 5. LN 57.178–57.185 unit: נֶפֶשׁ עֵרֶךְ (ně·p̄ěš ʿē·rěḵ) individual tax, formally, valuation of the soul, i.e., a source of income levied for income (2Ki 12:5[EB 4]), note: NIV translates as “personal vow” as a voluntary income source. note: this difference is whether to interpret the last two clauses as contrasting or similar; 6. LN 64 unit: ךְּ־ עֵרֶךְ ־ִי (k- ʿē·rěḵ i-y) like, as, formally, according to my valuation, i.e., what is of a comparable sort (Ps 55:14[EB 13])

ערל (ʿrl): see 6887

6887 עָרַל (ʿā·rǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6188; TWOT 1695—1. LN 43 (qal) unit: עָרַל עָרְלָה (ʿā·rǎl ʿār·lā(h)) count as unharvestable, formally, regard as uncircumcised foreskin, i.e., to not harvest a product because it is unacceptable for religious reasons (Lev 19:23+), note: NIV translates “regard as forbidden”; 2. LN 49 (nif) expose one’s uncircumcision, i.e., pertaining to being exposed in the private parts of the body, implying a shameful condition when in public (Hab 2:16+)

6888 עָרֵל (ʿā·rēl): adj.; ≡ Str 6189; TWOT 1695b—1. LN 11.52 uncircumcised, i.e., pertaining to having a foreskin of the penis, with a clear implication that one is not accepted in a community, considered a foreigner or even an enemy (Ex 12:48); 2. LN 88.223–88.226 stubborn, unbelieving, unrepentant, unhearing, formally, uncircumcised, i.e., pertaining to a person or inner-being that is unresponsive in obedience to God (Lev 26:41); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 forbidden, formally, uncircumcised, i.e., that which is not allowable to use or interact with (Lev 19:23+); 4. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: עָרֵל שָׂפָה (ʿā·rēl śā·p̄ā(h)) stumbling speech, faltering lips, formally, uncircumcised lips, i.e., a speech impediment of some kind that would diminish the respect for the message, possibly stuttering (Ex 6:12, 30+)

6889 עָרְלָה (ʿār·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6190; TWOT 1695a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 foreskin, prepuce, i.e., a fold of skin that covers the glans (conical tip) of the penis, which was often ceremonially removed for religious or societal reasons (Ge 17:11, 14, 23, 24, 25; 34:14; Ex 4:25; Lev 12:3; 1Sa 18:25, 27; 2Sa 3:14; Jer 9:24[EB 25]+), note: for this lexeme as a n.pr.loc., see 1502; 2. LN 43 unit: עָרַל עָרְלָה (ʿā·rǎl ʿār·lā(h)) count as unharvestable, formally, regard as uncircumcised foreskin, i.e., to not harvest a product because it is unacceptable for religious reasons (Lev 19:23+); 3. LN 26 unit: עָרְלָה לֵבָב (ʿār·lā(h) lē·ḇāḇ) innermost being, formally, foreskin of the heart, i.e., that part of a person that can respond to God in obedience (Dt 10:16; Jer 4:4+)

I. ערם (ʿrm): see 6890

II. ערם (ʿrm): see 6891

6890 I. עָרַם (ʿā·rǎm): v.; ≡ Str 6192; TWOT 1696—LN 16 (nif pf.) be piled up, be dammed up, i.e., pertaining to having an object heap up into a pile, as a non-linear movement (Ex 15:8+), note: in context, water is the object piling up

6891 II. עָרַם (ʿā·rǎm): v.; ≡ Str 6191; TWOT 1698—1. LN 32.24–32.41 (qal) be crafty, show cunning, i.e., show wisdom and prudence in a situation that shows a capacity to properly understand and respond to a situation with discernment(1Sa 23:22; Job 5:13+); (qal) show prudence (Pr 15:5; 19:25+) note: for another parsing in Job 5:13, see also 6892; 2. LN 88.262–88.270 (hif) initiate cunning plans, i.e., conspire with evil, crafty plans (Ps 83:4[EB 3]+)

עָרֹם (ʿā·rōm) Holladay, BDB: see 6873

עֵרֹם (ʿē·rōm) Holladay, BDB: see 6567, 6567.5 (Eze 16:7, 22+)

6892 עֹרֶם (ʿō·rěm): n.[masc.] [KB, Holladay: qal inf.cs. of 6891]; ≡ Str 6193; TWOT 1698a—LN 32.24–32.41 craftiness, i.e., adept in using cunning and subtlety, showing discernment and a capacity for understanding (Job 5:13+)

6893 עָרְמָה (ʿār·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6195; TWOT 1698b—1. LN 32.24–32.41 prudence, discernment, i.e., wisdom and shrewdness in the management of affairs, showing a capacity for understanding (Pr 1:4; 8:5, 12+); 2. LN 30.56–30.74 cunning, deliberation, i.e., a planned event as a premeditated act., showing intention (Ex 21:14+); 3. LN 31.8–31.13 ruse, ploy, i.e., a cunning, crafty deception, and so causing an inaccurate view (Jos 9:4+)

6894 עֲרֵמָה (ʿǎrē·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6194; TWOT 1696a—1. LN 43 heap, pile, i.e., a mound or elevated area made by piling objects in a certain area, usually of agricultural products (Ru 3:7; 2Ch 31:6,7, 8, 9; Ne 13:15; SS 7:3[EB 2]; Jer 50:26; Hag 2:16+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 pile of rubble, i.e., a mound of destroyed construction (Ne 3:34[EB 4:2]+)

עַרְמוֹן (ʿǎr·môn) BDB, Lisowsky: see 6895 (Eze 31:8+)

6895 עֶרְמוֹן (ʿěr·môn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6196; TWOT 1697a—LN 3.2–3.12 plane tree, i.e., a large deciduous (leaf cycling) tree, with digitate leaves (that look like a bird’s foot) and round hanging flower-heads, and white inner bark Platanus orientalis (Ge 30:37; Eze 31:8+), note: KJV, NKJV translates “chestnut” which is not native to the area

6896 עֵרָן (ʿē·rān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6197;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eran: of Shuthelah (Nu 26:36a+), see also 6897

6897 עֵרָנִי (ʿē·rā·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6198;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Eranite: pertaining to Eran (Nu 26:36b+), see also 6896

6898 עַרְעוֹר (ʿǎr·ʿôr): n.pr.—see 6876 (loc.) Aror: (Jdg 11:26 MT+)

6899 עַרְעָר (ʿǎr·ʿār): adj.; ≡ Str 6199; TWOT 1705b—1. LN 57.37–57.48 destitute, needy, lacking, i.e., pertaining to a person that is very poor and without resources, as a figurative extension of being naked or stripped and so vulnerable (Ps 102:18[EB 17]; Jer 17:6+), note: for another interp in Jer 17:6, see next; 2. LN 3.2–3.12 (most versions) bush, shrub, i.e., a bushy tree, with leaves resembling needles or scales, (NEB, REB) juniper Juniperus oxycedrus and Juniperus phoenicia (Jer 17:6; 48:6+), note: KJV, ASV translate “heath;” Tanakh ftn translates “tamarisk,” note: for MT text in Jer 48:6, see 6875

עַרְעֹר (ʿǎr·ʿōr) BDB: see 6898

עֲרֹעֵר (ʿǎrō·ʿēr) Holladay, BDB: see 6876

6900 עַרְעָרָה (ʿǎr·ʿā·rā(h)): n.pr.—see 6368 & 6876 (loc.) (Jos 15:22 cj; 1Sa 30:28 cj+)

6901 עֲרֹעֵרִי (ʿǎrō·ʿē·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6200;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Aroerite: pertaining to Aroer (1Ch 11:44+), see also 6876(1.)

6902 עֹרֶף (ʿō·rěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6203; TWOT 1700a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 neck, i.e., the part of the body that connects the head to the body or an animal or person (Ge 49:8; Lev 5:8; Job 16:12); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 back, i.e., the backside of the body, apparently from the base of the neck to the legs, which one sees when one is turned and moving away from another person (2Sa 22:41), note: the turning of the back can refer to either breaking a relationship, or fleeing in disarray; 3. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: קָשֶׁה עֹרֶף (qā·šě(h) ʿō·rěp̄) obstinate, formally, stiff-necked, i.e., to be stubborn and rebellious to an authority, and so have no change in behavior (Ex 32:9)

I. ערף (ʿrp): see 6903

II. ערף (ʿrp): see 6904

6903 I. עָרַף (ʿā·rǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 6201; TWOT 1701—LN 15.118–15.122 (qal) trickle, drip, drop, i.e., the gravitational falling of a water particle (Dt 32:2; 33:28+)

6904 II. עָרַף (ʿā·rǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 6202; TWOT 1700—1. LN 19.34–19.42 (qal) break, i.e., break the spinal column of a mammal at the neck (Ex 13:13; 34:20; Dt 21:4; Isa 66:3+); (qal pass.) be broken (Dt 21:6+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 demolish, break down, i.e., the act. of destroying a structure by smashing and breaking up (Hos 10:2+), see also domain LN 19.34–19.42

6905 עָרְפָּה (ʿār·pā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6204;—LN 93-pers. (female) Orpah: of Moab, sister-in-law of Ruth (Ru 1:4, 14+)

6906 עֲרָפֶל (ʿǎrā·p̄ěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6205; TWOT 1701b—1. LN 1.34–1.38 very thick cloud, i.e., an atmospheric mass of particles that block all or nearly all light (Ex 20:21; Dt 4:11; 5:22[MT 19]; 2Sa 22:10; 1Ki 8:12; 2Ch 6:1; Job 22:13; 38:9; Ps 18:10[EB 9]; 97:2+), note: in some of these contexts this is not a natural occurrence, and refers to the mystery of the LORD; 2. LN 22.15–22.20 deep gloom, misery, i.e., the experiencing of hardship and trouble, with a focus on a hopeless condition as a figurative extension of a dark cloud encompassing someone (Isa 60:2; Jer 13:16; Eze 34:12; Joel 2:2; Zep 1:15+)

ערץ (ʿrṣ): see 6907

6907 עָרַץ (ʿā·rǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 6206; TWOT 1702—1. LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) fear, terrorized, i.e., pertaining to being in a state or condition of fear, as an extension of the shaking of an earthquake as correlated to the shaking of a body in terror (Dt 1:29; 7:21; 20:3; 31:6; Jos 1:9; Job 31:34+); (qal) cause terror, torment (Job 13:25; Ps 10:18; Isa 47:12+); (nif) feared (Ps 89:8[EB 7]+); (hif) dread, stand in awe (Isa 8:12; 29:23+), note: for another parsing in Isa 8:13, see 5118.5; 2. LN 16 (qal) shake, i.e., the non-linear quaking back and forth movement of the earth (Isa 2:19, 21+)

עָרֻץ (ʿā·rǔṣ) Lisowsky: see 6877 Job 30:6+

ערק (ʿrq): see 6908

6908 עָרַק (ʿā·rǎq): v.; ≡ Str 6207; TWOT 1703—1. LN 24.77–24.94 (qal) be in great pain, formally, gnaw, i.e., be in severe pain so intense that self-stimulation behavior such as grinding the teeth can occur (Job 30:17+); 2. LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) forage for food, formally, gnaw, i.e., to hunt or rummage over desolate land looking for bits of food to chew on (Job 30:3+)

6909 עַרְקִי (ʿǎr·qî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6208;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Arkite: pertaining to a group of Canaan, in the area of Sidon (Ge 10:17; 1Ch 1:15+)

ערר (ʿrr): see 6910

6910 עָרַר (ʿā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6209; TWOT 1705—1. LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) strip off, lay bare, i.e., have an object be uncovered from clothing or objects over a large area (Isa 32:11+), see also domain LN 49; (poel) strip (Isa 23:13+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 (pilpel) level, demolish, formally, strip off, i.e., destroy an object to ground level, as in utter ruin (Jer 51:58a+); (hitpalpel) be laid utterly bare (Jer 51:58b+)

6911 עֶרֶשׂ (ʿě·rěś): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6210; TWOT 1706a—LN 6.106–6.117 couch, bed, divan, sofa, i.e., a piece of furniture upon which one reclines, rests, or sleeps, generally without back or arms, yet likely raised off the floor with short legs (Dt 3:11; Job 7:13; Ps 6:7[EB 6]; 41:4[EB 3]; 132:3; Pr 7:16; SS 1:16; Am 3:12; 6:4+)

6912 עֵשֶׂב (ʿē·śěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6212; TWOT 1707a—LN 3.13–3.32 green plants, vegetation, herbs, i.e., any of various herbs, grasses, seed-bearing vegetation for human or animal consumption (Ge 1:11, 12, 29, 30; 2:5; 3:18; 9:3; Ex 9:22, 25; 10:12, 15; Dt 11:15; 29:22[EB 23]; 32:2; 2Ki 19:26; Job 5:25; Ps 72:16; 92:8[EB 7]; 102:5[EB 4],12[EB 11]; 104:14; 105:35; 106:20; Pr 19:12; 27:25; Isa 37:27; 42:15; Jer 12:4; 14:6; Am 7:2; Mic 5:6[EB 7]; Zec 10:1+)

עשׂה (ʿśh) KB, Holladay: see 6913, 6914

עשׂה (ʿśh)[1] Lisowsky: see 6913

עשׂה (ʿśh)[2] Lisowsky: see 6914

6913 I. עָשָׂה (ʿā·śā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6213; TWOT 1708, 1709—1. LN 42.7–42.28 (qal) do, i.e., perform or act. out an event, highly generic, of almost any kind or manner (1Sa 1:23); (qal pass.) be done (Ex 38:24); (nif) be done, happen (Ge 20:9b); 2. LN 42.29–42.40 (qal) make, i.e., to fashion or create an object, usually implying the use of existing materials (Ge 1:26); (qal pass.) be made, created, fashioned (2Ki 23:4); (nif) be made (1Ki 10:20); (piel) see 6914; (pual) made, be created (Ps 139:15+); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) cause, make, bring about, i.e., bring about a state or event (Ps 111:4); 4. LN 42.41–42.50 (qal) work, labor, i.e., expend considerable effort and activity in any task or endeavor (Ex 31:4), note: in some contexts possibly involving skill or special knowledge, so with a focus on creating or fashioning an object; 5. LN 41.1–41.24 (qal) do, act., i.e., behave or have conduct in a particular way (Dt 17:11); 6. LN 37.96–37.107 (qal) assign, i.e., cause another to have particular task or function, usually with an assumption of responsibilities (Nu 8:26); 7. LN 57.189–57.208 (qal) gain, profit, i.e., make financial progress, usually as any business endeavor or any other financial dealings (Ge 31:1), note: for MT text in 1Ki 11:25, see 889; note: for qal act. ptcp. as n.masc., see 6914.5; note: further study may yield more domains

6914 II. עָשָׂה (ʿā·śā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6213; TWOT 1708—LN 24.73–24.76 (qal) (Eze 23:21+), note: repoint as piel? (piel) caress, fondle, feel, i.e., to touch and squeeze parts of the body, as part of a sexual act. (Eze 23:3, 8+), see also domain LN 23.61–23.65

עֹשֶׂה (ʿō·śě(h)): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 6913]; ≡ Str 6213; TWOT 1708—LN 42.29–42.40 creator, i.e., a person who fashions or shapes objects, implying design and skill (Job 4:17; 35:10; Ps 115:15; 121:2; 124:8; 134:3; 135:18; 136:4, 5, 7; 149:2; Pr 14:31; 17:5; 22:2; Isa 22:11b; 27:11; 29:16a; 44:2; 51:13; 54:5; Hos 8:14; Am 4:13; 5:8+)

6915 עֲשָׂהאֵל (ʿǎśāh·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6214;—LN 93-pers. (male) Asahel: 1. a nephew of David, a great warrior (2Sa 2:18,19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 32; 3:30+) 2. a Levite (2Ch 17:8+) 3. overseer in the time of Hezekiah (2Ch 31:13+) 4. contemporary of Ezra (Ezr 10:15+)

6916 עֵשָׂו (ʿē·śāw): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6215;—LN 93-pers. 1.(male) Esau: son of Isaac-Rebekah (Ge 25:22) 2. (gent.) a people descended from 1, inhabiting the area of Esau(Dt 2:4), see 6916.5

עֵשָׂו (ʿē·śāw): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6215;—LN 93-place (loc.) Esau: area S of the Dead Sea, also known as Edom or Seir (Jer 49:10), see also 121.5, 6916, 8541

6917 עָשׂוֹר (ʿā·śôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6218; TWOT 1711d—1. LN 60.19 ten, group of ten, i.e., a cardinal number (Ge 24:55+); 2. LN 60.57 tenth, i.e., an ordinal number, tenth in a series involving time, space, or set (Ex 12:3; Lev 16:29; 23:27; 25:9; Nu 29:7; Jos 4:19; 2Ki 25:1; Jer 52:4, 12; Eze 20:1; 24:1; 40:1+); 3. LN 6.83–6.95 unit: נֵבֶל עָשׂוֹר (nē·ḇěl ʿā·śôr) ten-stringed musical instrument, i.e., a framed instrument with taut strings which are plucked or stuck for tones or musical sounds (Ps 33:2; 92:4[EB 3]; 144:9+)

6918 עֲשִׂיאֵל (ʿǎśî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6221;—LN 93-pers. (male) Asiel: of Simeon (1Ch 4:35+)

6919 עֲשָׂיָה (ʿǎśā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6222;—LN 93-pers. (male) Asaiah: 1. of Simeon (1Ch 4:36+) 2. of Levi (1Ch 6:15[EB 30]; 15:6, 11+) 3. of the captivity (1Ch 9:5+) 4. royal servant of Josiah (2Ki 22:12, 14; 2Ch 23:20+)

6920 עֲשִׂירִי (ʿǎśî·rî): number masc.; ≡ Str 6224; TWOT 1711f—1. LN 60.57 tenth, i.e., an ordinal number, tenth in a series involving time, space, or set (Ge 8:5); 2. LN 60.65 a tenth, one-tenth, i.e., a tenth part or ten percent of something, as a fractional part (Ex 16:36; Eze 45:11)

עֲשִׂירִיָּה (ʿǎśî·riy·yā(h)), עֲשִׂירִית (ʿǎśî·rîṯ): number fem.—see 6920

עשׂק (ʿśq): see 6921

6921 עָשַׂק (ʿā·śǎq): v.; ≡ Str 6229; TWOT 1710—LN 33.439–33.445 (hitp pf.) dispute, quarrel, contend, i.e., to verbally strive with another in a hostile exchange over a disagreement of a principle or situation (Ge 26:20+)

6922 עֵשֶׂק (ʿē·śěq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6230;—LN 93-place (loc.) Esek: place of a water well (Ge 26:20+)

עשׂר (ʿśr): see 6923

6923 עָשַׂר (ʿā·śǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6237; TWOT 1711c—1. LN 57.71–57.124 (piel) give a tenth, set aside a tithe (Ge 28:22; Dt 14:22; Ne 10:38[EB 37]+); (hif) give or receive a tenth (Dt 26:12; Ne 10:39[EB 38]+); 2. LN 57.178–57.185 (qal) tax ten percent, take a tenth, i.e., confiscate by governmental authority as a tax (1Sa 8:15, 17+)

6924 עֶשֶׂר (ʿě·śěr): number [BDB n.masc.]; ≡ Str 6235; TWOT 1711a—LN 60.19 ten, i.e., a cardinal number (Ge 16:3), see also 6927

6925 עָשָׂר (ʿā·śār): number [BDB n.masc.]; ≡ Str 6240; TWOT 1711b—LN 60.19 ten, i.e., a cardinal number (Ge 7:11), see also 6926; note: used always in a composite number greater than ten

עָשֹׂר (ʿā·śōr) BDB: see 6917 (Ex 12:3)

6926 עֶשְׂרֵה (ʿěś·rē(h)): number [BDB n.fem.]; ≡ Str 6240; TWOT 1711b—LN 60.19 ten, i.e., a cardinal number (Ge 5:8), see also 6925; note: used always in a composite number greater than ten

6927 עֲשָׂרָה (ʿǎśā·rā(h)): number [BDB n.fem.]; ≡ Str 6235; TWOT 1711a—LN 60.19 ten, i.e., a cardinal number (Ge 18:32), see also 6924; note: sometimes used as in a composite number greater than ten

6928 עִשָּׂרוֹן (ʿiś·śā·rôn): number [BDB n.masc.]; ≡ Str 6241; TWOT 1711h—LN 60.65 a tenth, one-tenth, i.e., a tenth part or ten percent of something, as a fractional part (Ex 29:40; Lev 14:10, 21; 23:13, 17; 24:5; Nu 15:4, 6, 9; 28:9–29:15 passim+)

עֲשִׂרִי (ʿǎśi·rî) Holladay: see 6920

6929 עֶשְׂרִים (ʿěś·rîm): number pl.; ≡ Str 6242; TWOT 1711e—1. LN 60.25 twenty, i.e., a cardinal number (Ge 6:3); 2. LN 60.46–60.61 twentieth, i.e., an ordinal number, twentieth in a series involving time, space, or set (1Ki 15:9), note: for NIV text in Eze 45:5, see 6551

6930 עֲשֶׂרֶת (ʿǎśě·rěṯ): number; ≡ Str 6240; TWOT 1711b—LN 60.19 ten, i.e., a cardinal number (Ge 31:7), see also 6924; note: sometimes used as in a composite number greater than ten

6931 I. עָשׁ (ʿāš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6211; TWOT 1617, 1715a—LN 4.47–4.50 clothes moth, i.e., any of various nocturnal lepidopteran flying insects with stout bodies, that can consume fabrics (Job 4:19; 13:28; 27:18; Ps 39:12[EB 11]; Isa 50:9; 51:8; Hos 5:12+), note: for another interp in Hos, see 6932

6932 II. עָשׁ (ʿāš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6211; TWOT 1715a—LN 8.70–8.77 pus, i.e., a rotten fluid and dead-cell mass, as a discharge from a sick animate creature (Hos 5:12+), note: for another interp, see 6931

6933 III. עָשׁ (ʿāš): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6211; TWOT 1715a—LN 1.26–1.33 the Great Bear, Arcturus, the Wain, i.e., a constellation of stars (Job 9:9+), note: some identify as the Lion or Leo constellation as some of the stars of Virgo; others identify as a bright star of Taurus “Aldebaran” (NEB, NEB); see 6568 for more discussion of the different possible identifications

6934 עָשׁוֹק (ʿā·šôq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6216; TWOT 1713c—LN 57.232–57.248 extortioner, i.e., one who obtains goods legally but immorally from a victim, by taking extra-ordinary, unfair advantage in a dealing, and so a kind of theft (Jer 22:3+), note: possibly this is a more general term, and so translate as “oppressor,” i.e., one who causes hardship and trouble in a situation, see also domain LN 22.21–22.28

6935 עֲשׁוּקִים (ʿǎšû·qîm): n.masc.pl. [oth qal pass.ptcp.masc. of 6943]; ≡ Str 6217; TWOT 1713d—LN 22.21–22.28 oppression, i.e., a state of causing trouble and hardship to another (Job 35:9; Ecc 4:1; Am 3:9+), note: some translate “extortion.”

6936 עָשׁוֹת (ʿā·šôṯ): adj.; ≡ Str 6219; TWOT 1716b—LN 79.104–79.109 wrought, fashioned, i.e., pertaining to what is shaped, formed and smoothed in an artistic, purposeful manner (Eze 27:19+)

6937 עַשְׁוָת (ʿǎš·wāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6220;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ashvath: of Asher (1Ch 7:33+)

6938 עָשִׁיר (ʿā·šîr): adj. [see also 6938.5]; ≡ Str 6223; TWOT 1714b—LN 57.25–57.35 rich, wealthy, i.e., pertaining to having considerably more than the societal norm (Ru 3:10; 2Sa 12:1, 4+)

עָשִׁיר (ʿā·šîr): n.masc. [served by 6938]; ≡ Str 6223; TWOT 1714b—LN 57.25–57.35 the rich, a wealthy person, i.e., a person or persons with considerable wealth (Ex 30:15; 2Sa 12:2; Job 27:19; Ps 45:13[EB 12]; 49:3[EB 2]; Pr 10:15; 14:20; 18:11, 23; 22:2, 7, 16; 28:6, 11; Ecc 5:11[EB 12]; 10:6, 20; Isa 53:9; Jer 9:22[EB 23]; Mic 6:12+)

עשׁן (ʿšn): see 6939

6939 עָשַׁן (ʿā·šǎn): v.; ≡ Str 6225; TWOT 1712—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) envelope in smoke, make smoke appear (Ex 19:18; Ps 104:32; 144:5+); 2. LN 88.171–88.191 be angry, formally, smolder, i.e., exist in an aggravated state of displeasure and hostility, as a figurative extension of a fire that smolders for a long time (Dt 29:19[EB 20]; Ps 74:1; 80:5[EB 4]+)

6940 I. עָשָׁן (ʿā·šān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6227; TWOT 1712a—LN 1.34–1.38 smoke, i.e., a cloud-mass of particulates free floating together, often made of heated carbon or earthen dust, dense enough to be opaque to radiant light (Ge 15:17; Ex 19:18; Jos 8:20, 21; Jdg 20:38, 40; 2Sa 22:9; Job 41:12[EB 20]; Ps 18:9[EB 8]; 37:20; 68:3[EB 2]; 102:4[EB 3]; Pr 10:26; SS 3:6; Isa 4:5; 6:4; 9:17[EB 18]; 14:31; 34:10; 51:6; 65:5; Hos 13:3; Joel 3:3[EB 2:30]; Na 2:14[EB 13]+), note: in some contexts the smoke is apparently not a naturally occurring substance

6941 II. עָשָׁן (ʿā·šān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6228;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ashan: town of Judah and Simeon, a Levite city (Jos 15:42; 19:7; 1Ch 4:32; 6:44[EB 59]+)

6942 עָשֵׁן (ʿā·šēn): adj.; ≡ Str 6226; TWOT 1712b—LN 14.63–14.73 smoking, smoldering, i.e., pertaining to a fiery state and so producing a heated, air-borne mass of carbon particulates, as a feature of something burning (Ex 20:18; Isa 7:4+)

עשׁק (ʿšq): see 6943

6943 עָשַׁק (ʿā·šǎq): v.; ≡ Str 6231; TWOT 1713—1. LN 88.126–88.134 (qal) oppress, mistreat, i.e., treat a disadvantaged member of society unjustly with the effect of causing one to suffer ill treatment (1Ch 16:21; Job 10:3; Ps 72:4; 105:14; 119:121, 122; Pr 14:31; 22:16; 28:3; Ecc 4:1b; Isa 23:12; 52:4; Jer 7:6; 21:12; Eze 22:29b; Am 4:1; Zec 7:10+), note: in some of these contexts the oppression can refer to economic or financial oppression; (qal pass.) oppressed, be tormented (Dt 28:29, 33; Ps 103:6; 146:7; Pr 28:17; Ecc 4:1a; Jer 50:33; Hos 5:11+); (pual) crushed (Isa 23:12+); 2. LN 57.232–57.248 (qal) defraud, extort, cheat, formally, oppress or mistreat, i.e., steal or rob from disadvantaged persons in a financial or business transaction which has unjust leverage in favor of rich over the poor, and so creating suffering and undue torment of the poor or disadvantaged (Lev 5:21[EB 6:2],23[EB 6:4]; 19:13; Dt 24:14; 1Sa 12:3, 4; Eze 18:18; 22:29a; Hos 12:8[EB 7]; Mic 2:2; Mal 3:5+); 3. (qal) flow heavily, rage, i.e., have a condition of a large quantity of a mass flow from a source along a descending path (Job 40:23+), note: for Job 40:23 cj, see 9178; note: for the qal pass. ptcp. as a n.masc. see 6935

6944 עֵשֶׁק (ʿē·šěq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6232;—LN 93-pers. (male) Eshek: of Benjamin, of King Saul (1Ch 8:39+)

6945 עֹשֶׁק (ʿō·šěq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6233; TWOT 1713a—1. LN 22.21–22.28 oppression, tyranny, i.e., that which causes hardship and trouble, as a form of mistreatment (Ps 73:8; 119:134; Ecc 5:7[EB 8]; Isa 30:12; 54:14; 59:13; Jer 6:6; 22:17; Eze 22:7+); 2. LN 57.232–57.248 extortion, unjust gain, i.e., the gaining of goods legally but immorally, by taking extra-ordinary, unfair advantage in a dealing, and so a kind of theft (Lev 5:23[EB 6:4]; Ps 62:11[EB 10]; Ecc 7:7; Eze 18:18; 22:12, 29+), note: there may be overlap in the verses and meanings

6946 עָשְׁקָה (ʿāš·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6234; TWOT 1713b—LN 22.15–22.20 trouble, distress, i.e., the experiencing of hardship and trouble due to the oppression of a situation (Isa 38:14+)

עֲשֻׁקִים (ʿǎšǔ·qîm) Holladay: see 6935 (Ecc 4:1+)

עשׁר (ʿšr): see 6947

6947 עָשַׁר (ʿā·šǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6238; TWOT 1714—LN 57.25–57.35 (qal) become rich, be wealthy, i.e., be in a state of having a considerably greater number of possessions or money than is normal in a society, implying status and honor to those in this state (Job 15:29; Hos 12:9[EB 8]+); (hif) make rich, bring wealth, get abundance (Ge 14:23; 1Sa 2:7; 17:25; Ps 49:17[EB 16]; 65:10[EB 9]; Pr 10:4, 22; 21:17; 23:4; 28:20; Jer 5:27; Eze 27:33; Da 11:2; Zec 11:5+); (hitp) pretend to be rich (Pr 13:7+)

6948 עֹשֶׁר (ʿō·šěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6239; TWOT 1714a—LN 57.25–57.35 wealth, riches, i.e., what is very much more than the norm for a society, with a focus on the possessions or money that constitute the wealth (Ge 31:16; 1Sa 17:25; 1Ki 3:11, 13; 10:23; 1Ch 29:12, 28; 2Ch 1:11, 12; 9:22; 17:5; 18:1; 32:27; Est 1:4; 5:11; Ps 49:7[EB 6]; 52:9[EB 7]; 112:3; Pr 3:16; 8:18; 11:16, 28; 13:8; 14:24; 22:1, 4; 30:8; Ecc 4:8; 5:12[EB 13],13[EB 14],18[EB 19]; 6:2; 9:11; Jer 9:22[EB 23]; 17:11; Da 11:2+), note: often associated with high status

עשׁשׁ (ʿšš): see 6949

6949 עָשַׁשׁ (ʿā·šǎš): v.; ≡ Str 6244; TWOT 1715—LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) become weak, i.e., to no longer function normally, and so in a state of incapacity (Ps 6:8[EB 7]; 31:10[EB 9],11[EB 10]+)

I. עשׁת (ʿšt): see 6950

II. עשׁת (ʿšt): see 6951

6950 I. עָשַׁת (ʿā·šǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 6245; TWOT 1716, 1717—LN 23.129–23.141 (qal pf.) grow sleek, be smooth, i.e., not be gaunt looking but have a physically filled out appearance, implying a healthy appearance (Jer 5:28+), note: this meaning is tentative and disputed according to some sources

6951 II. עָשַׁת (ʿā·šǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 6245; TWOT 1716—LN 21.17–21.24 (hitp impf.) act. favorably, formally, take notice, remember, or think about, i.e., deliver someone from danger as a figurative extension of a person seeing and responding to a situation (Jnh 1:6+)

6952 עֶשֶׁת (ʿě·šěṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6247; TWOT 1716a—LN 6.188–6.196 polished slab, shiny piece, i.e., decorative plate or slab of a precious decorative material (SS 5:14+), note: the focus is not on the shape of the slab but the polished, shiny, finished decorative appearance of the piece

6953 עַשְׁתּוּת (ʿǎš·tûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6248; TWOT 1717a—LN 30.1–30.38 thought, i.e., the processing of information, with a focus on the content or principles that embodies that thought (Job 12:5+)

6954 עַשְׁתֵּי (ʿǎš·tê): number; ≡ Str 6249; TWOT 1717c—1. LN 60.10 one, i.e., a cardinal number (Ex 26:7); 2. LN 60.20 unit: עַשְׁתֵּי עֶשְׂרֵה (ʿǎš·tê ʿěś·rē(h)) eleven, i.e., a cardinal number (Ex 26:7, 8; 36:14, 15; Nu 29:20; Eze 40:49+), note: for NIV text in Eze 40:49, see 9109; 3. LN 60.58 unit: עַשְׁתֵּי עָשָׂר (ʿǎš·tê ʿā·śār) eleventh, i.e., an ordinal number, as the eleventh in a series of space, time, or set (Nu 7:72; Dt 1:3; 2Ki 25:2; 1Ch 12:14[EB 13]; 24:12; 25:18; 27:14; Jer 1:3; 39:2; 52:5; Eze 26:1; Zec 1:7+)

עַשְׁתִּי (ʿǎš·tî) Lisowsky: see 6954

עֶשְׁתּוֹן (ʿěš·tôn) BDB: see 6955

עֶשְׁתֹּנוֹת (ʿěš·tō·nôṯ) Lisowsky: see 6955

6955 עֶשְׁתֹּנֶת (ʿěš·tō·něṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6250; TWOT 1717b—LN 30.53–30.55 (pl.) thoughts, plans, i.e., the processing of information, with a focus on future contingencies (Ps 146:4+), note: possibly other more general kinds of thinking is in mind in this context

עַשְׁתָּרוֹת (ʿǎš·tā·rôṯ) Holladay, BDB: see 6957, 6958

6956 עַשְׁתֹּרֶת (ʿǎš·tō·rěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6253; TWOT 1718—LN 12.23 (pagan goddess) Ashtoreth: Canaanite goddess associated with Baal (Jdg 2:13; 10:6; 1Sa 7:3, 4; 12:10; 31:10; 1Ki 11:5, 33; 2Ki 23:13+), see also 1119

6957 עַשְׁתֶּרֶת (ʿǎš·tě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6251; TWOT 1718a—LN 4.1–4.37 (pl.) ewe-lamb, offspring of sheep, i.e., a young female sheep, a ruminate mammal of the genus Ovis, with a focus on theses animals as a class of produce and increase (Dt 7:13; 28:4, 18, 51+)

6958 עַשְׁתָּרֹת (ʿǎš·tā·rōṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6252; TWOT 1718b—LN 93-place (loc.) Ashtaroth: city inhabited by Rephaites, (Dt 1:4; Jos 9:10; 12:4; 13:12, 31; 1Ch 6:56[EB 71]+), see also 1285, 6960

6959 עַשְׁתְּרֹת קַרְנַיִם (ʿǎš·terōṯ qǎr·nǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6255;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ashteroth Karnaim: fortress city of Gilead, (Ge 14:5+), note: possibly same as 7969

עַשְׁתְּרָתִי (ʿǎš·terā·ṯî) BDB: see 6960

6960 עֲשְׁתְּרָתִי (ʿǎšterā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6254;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ashterathite: pertaining to Ashtaroth (1Ch 11:44+), see 6958

6961 עֵת (ʿēṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6256; TWOT 1650b—1. LN 67.1–67.16 time, i.e., events and particular occasions which reference and measure change in the most general sense, which one commonly refers to the “passing of time” (1Sa 9:16), note: context will determine what the relation of this lexeme to some other general or specific point or duration of time; 2. LN 67.163–67.200 season, right time, i.e., a definite major subjnct.-unit of time on a yearly calendar, often based on the growing and fallow cycles of the agricultural process or herding cycles (Ps 1:3), note: for MT text in Jer 11:14; Eze 22:4, see 6329 or 6330; note: further study may yield more domains

6962 עֵת קָצִין (ʿēṯ qā·ṣîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6278;—LN 93-place (loc.) Eth Kazin: town of Zebulun (Jos 19:13+)

עַתָּ (ʿǎt·tā): see 6964 Ps 74:6 K; Eze 23:43 K+

עתד (ʿtd): see 6963

6963 עָתַד (ʿā·ṯǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 6257; TWOT 1719—1. LN 77 (piel) make ready, prepare, i.e., get something fit and ready for a function (Pr 24:27+), in context, preparing an agricultural field; 2. LN 71.34–71.40 (hitp) be destined, i.e., be determined to happen as necessary (Job 15:28+) see also LN 13.104–13.163, note: NIV “crumbling”

עָתֹד (ʿā·ṯōḏ): see 6963

עֲתִדֹת (ʿǎṯi·ḏōṯ) Holladay: see 6969 (Dt 32:35+)

6964 עַתָּה (ʿǎt·tā(h)): adv.; ≡ Str 6258; TWOT 1650c—1. LN 67.17–67.64 now, i.e., a point of time simultaneous with the narration itself (Ge 3:22); 2. LN 61 so then, i.e., a marker of an additive, sequential relation of an event or idea, with a focus that what follows is logical to the speaker (Ge 50:21; Ezr 9:12; Ne 6:7; Ps 2:10)

עָתָּה (ʿāt·tā(h)) BDB: see 6964

6965 עָתוּד (ʿā·ṯûḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 6259; TWOT 1719a—LN 65.1–65.16 rich, supplied, treasured, i.e., pertaining to valuable items which are stored or hidden (Isa 10:13 Q+), note: for the K, see 6969

6966 עַתּוּד (ʿǎt·tûḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6260; TWOT 1719b—1. LN 4.1–4.37 ram, male goat, he-goat, i.e., a small mammal as a ceremonially clean, hollow-horned, ruminate of the genus Capra (Ge 31:10, 12; Nu 7:17–88 passim; Dt 32:14; Ps 50:9, 13; 66:15; Pr 27:26; Isa 1:11; 34:6; Jer 50:8; 51:40; Eze 27:21; 34:17; 39:18+) note: in some contexts implying dominance in the herd; 2. LN 87.19–87.57 leader, ruler, i.e., one of authority and relatively high status as a figurative extension of a ram goat as a dominant one of a herd (Isa 14:9; Zec 10:3+)

6967 עִתִּי (ʿit·tî): adj.; ≡ Str 6261; TWOT 1650d—LN 74 able, fit, ready, i.e., pertaining to one who is capable to accomplish a task (Lev 16:21+), note: NIV translates “appointed to the task”

6968 עַתַּי (ʿǎt·tǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6262;—LN 93-pers. (male) Attai: 1. of Judah (1Ch 2:35, 36+) 2. of Gad (1Ch 12:12[EB 11]+) 3. son of Rehoboam (2Ch 11:20+)

6969 עָתִיד (ʿā·ṯîḏ): adj.; ≡ Str 6264; TWOT 1719a—1. LN 77 ready, prepared, poised, i.e., pertaining to being fit and ready for a function (Est 3:14; 8:13; Job 3:8; 15:24; Isa 10:13 K+); 2. LN 71.34–71.40 destined, fated, i.e., pertaining to being determined to happen as necessary (Dt 32:35+), see also LN 13.104–13.163, note: NIV “doom”

6970 עֲתָיָה (ʿǎṯā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6265;—LN 93-pers. (male) Athaiah: of Judah (Ne 11:4+)

6971 עָתִיק (ʿā·ṯîq): adj.; ≡ Str 6266; TWOT 1721c—LN 79.9–79.17 splendid, fine, choice, select, i.e., pertaining to what is superior in appearance, and so implying high value (Isa 23:18+)

6972 עַתִּיק (ʿǎt·tîq): adj.; ≡ Str 6267; TWOT 1721d—1. LN 23.1–23.39 weaned, taken away, i.e., pertaining to being taken from a dependant source of food (Isa 28:9+); 2. LN 67.78–67.117 old, ancient, i.e., pertaining to what is from ancient times, existing for a long time in a relative past (1Ch 4:22+)

6973 עֲתָךְ (ʿǎṯāḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6269;—LN 93-place (loc.) Athach: town in southern Judah (1Sa 30:30+)

6974 עַתְלָי (ʿǎṯ·lāy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6270;—LN 93-pers. (male) Athlai: divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:28+)

6975 עֲתַלְיָה (ʿǎṯǎl·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6271;—LN 93-pers. Athaliah: 1. mother of Ahaziah, Queen of Judah (2Ki 11:1, 3, 13, 14; 2Ch 22:12+), see also 6976 2. man of Benjamin (1Ch 8:26+) 3. man of Elam (Ezr 8:7+)

6976 עֲתַלְיָהוּ (ʿǎṯǎl·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6271;—LN 93-pers. Athaliahu (Athaliah NIV): mother of Ahaziah, Queen of Judah (2Ki 8:26; 11:2, 20; 2Ch 22:2, 10, 11; 23:12, 13, 21; 24:7+), see also 6975(1.)

עתם (ʿtm): see 6977

6977 עָתַם (ʿā·ṯǎm): v.; ≡ Str 6272; TWOT 1720—LN 14.63–14.73 (nif) be burned up, be consumed, i.e., to destroy something by burning (Isa 9:18[EB 19]+), note: NIV “be scorched” note: many sources emend text, for suggestions, see WBC24:141, but context suggests the definition given here

6978 עָתְנִי (ʿāṯ·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6273;—LN 93-pers. (male) Othni: Levitical gatekeeper (1Ch 26:7+)

6979 עָתְנִיאֵל (ʿāṯ·nî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6274;—LN 93-pers. (male) Othniel: delivering judge of Israel (Jos 15:7; Jdg 1:13; 3:9, 11; 1Ch 4:13; 27:15+)

עתק (ʿtq): see 6980

6980 עָתַק (ʿā·ṯǎq): v.; ≡ Str 6275; TWOT 1721—1. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) move, i.e., make linear movement (Job 14:18; 18:4+); (hif) move on (Ge 12:8; 26:22; Job 9:5+); 2. LN 67.78–67.141 (qal) grow old, i.e., be in the later stages of life, implying a normally weakening state (Job 21:7+); 3. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) grow weak, fail, i.e., have a state stop or cease (Ps 6:8[EB 7]+), see also domain LN 23.142–23.184; (hif) fail (Job 32:15+); 4. LN 33.35–33.68 (hif) collect, i.e., gather written objects into a single place (Pr 25:1+), note: apparently NIV translates “copy,” as a necessary practical step to make a collection of writings

6981 עָתָק (ʿā·ṯāq): adj.; ≡ Str 6277; TWOT 1721a—1. LN 88.206–88.222 arrogant, insolent, haughty, i.e., pertaining to having improper pride, so be self-willed and stubborn (1Sa 2:3; Ps 31:19[EB 18]; 94:4+); 2. LN 88.206–88.222 unit: בְּ־ צַוָּאר עָתָק (b- ṣǎw·wā(ʾ)r ʿā·ṯāq) haughty, insolent, formally, insolent neck, i.e., the exhibition of stubborn, self-willed, proud behavior or speech (Ps 75:6[EB 5]+)

6982 עָתֵק (ʿā·ṯēq): adj.; ≡ Str 6276; TWOT 1721b—1. LN 67.78–67.141 enduring, lasting, i.e., pertaining to what lasts a long duration of time (Pr 8:18+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 78.28–78.39 surpassing, eminent, prominent, i.e., pertaining to what is more than something else in a comparative degree (Pr 8:18+); 3. LN 14.36–14.52 shining, gleaming, i.e., pertaining to what brightly reflects, and so has a shiny pleasant appearance, implying a value (Pr 8:18+)

עֵת קָצִין (ʿēṯ qā·ṣîn) Holladay: see 6962 (Jos 19:13+)

עתר (ʿtr) KB, Holladay: see 6983

עתר (ʿtr)[1] Lisowsky: see 6983

עתר (ʿtr)[2] Lisowsky: see 6984

6983 I. עָתַר (ʿā·ṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6279; TWOT 1722—LN 33.178–33.179 (qal) pray, i.e., make requests to God (Ge 25:21a; Ex 8:26[EB 30]; 10:18; Jdg 13:8; Job 33:26+); (nif) respond to prayer, moved by an entreaty (Ge 25:21b; 2Sa 21:14; 24:25; 1Ch 5:20; 2Ch 33:13, 19; Ezr 8:23; Isa 19:22+); (hif) pray, make entreaty (Ex 8:4[EB 8],5[EB 9],24[EB 28],25[EB 29]; 9:28; 10:17; Job 22:27+)

6984 II. עָתַר (ʿā·ṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6280; TWOT 1723—LN 59.48–59.61 (nif) multiplied, be abundant, i.e., pertaining to a large amount of objects or events (Pr 27:6+); (hif) speak voluminously (Eze 35:13+), see also domain LN 33.69–33.108

6985 I. עָתָר (ʿā·ṯār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6282; TWOT 1722a, 1724a—LN 53.53–53.64 worshiper, one does, homage, honor, and adoration and regard for a deity (Zep 3:10+)

6986 II. עָתָר (ʿā·ṯār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6282; TWOT 1722a—LN 6.205–6.212 fragrance, pleasant odor, i.e., the quality or state of having an enjoyable, pleasant smell (Eze 8:11+), note: in context, from incense

6987 עֶתֶר (ʿě·ṯěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6281;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ether: 1. town in the western foothills of Judah, (Jos 15:42+), note: some sources 2. town of Simeon (Jos 19:7+), note: for parallel lists, see 9421

6988 עֲתֶרֶת (ʿǎṯě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6283; TWOT 1723a—1. LN 78.44–78.50 (most versions) completeness, entireness, formally, abundance, i.e., a state of totality and completeness as a figurative extension of an abundant mass of things (Jer 33:6+), note: the text is disputed by some sources, see WBC27:166 for options; 2. LN 25.116–25.134 blessed condition, formally, fragrance, i.e., a state of well-being and happiness, as figurative extension of a sweet-smelling savor or odor (Jer 33:6+)

‍פ‍, ‍ף

6989 פ (p): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

פֹּא (pō(ʾ)) Holladay, BDB, Lisowsky: see 7024 (Job 38:11+)

פּאה (pʾh) or פאה (pʾh): see 6990

6990 פָּאָה (pā·ʾā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6284; TWOT 1725—LN 19.14–19.26 (hif) cut into pieces, hack up, i.e., the act. of splitting a mass into parts with a sharp object (Dt 32:26+), note: other sources give meaning as a “pressing, smashing, dashing action,” see also domain LN 19.43–19.54, NIV translates “scatter”

6991 I. פֵּאָה (pē·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6285; TWOT 1725a—1. LN 79.104–79.109 corner, i.e., a point of converging points in a construction (Ex 25:26); 2. LN 79.104–79.109 side, i.e., an area at the side of an object (Ex 26:18; Lev 19:27); 3. LN 80.5–80.7 edge, boundary, i.e., the outer boundary of an area or space, either as a starting or ending point (Lev 19:9; 23:22; Jos 15:5; Am 3:12); 4. LN 8.9–8.69 forehead, i.e., a part of the head from above the eye-brows to the front part of the scalp (Lev 13:41; Nu 24:17; Jer 48:45), note: see also 6991; note: for another interp of Am 3:12, see 6993

6992 II. פֵּאָה (pē·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6285; TWOT 1725a—LN 80.5–80.7 border area, remote frontier, formally, corner, i.e., the limit or boundary of a space, as an extension of a corner as a relatively remote area of a closed space (Ne 9:22+), see also 6991; note: KB, Holladay translate “piece, part” as derived from another etymological source

6993 III. פֵּאָה (pē·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6285; TWOT 1725a—LN 79.9–79.17 splendor, luxury, i.e., a state of being beautiful and pleasing to sight and touch, as the feature of an object (Am 3:12+), note: others translate “edge, corner,” see 6991

פּאר (pʾr)[1] or I. פאר (pʾr): see 6994

פּאר (pʾr)[2] or II. פאר (pʾr): see 6995

6994 I. פָּאַר (pā·ʾǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6286; TWOT 1726, 1727—1. LN 19.1–19.13 (piel impf.) knock off, i.e., strike and so make an object fall (Dt 24:20+); 2. LN 43 unit: פָּאַר אַחַר (pā·ʾǎr ʾǎ·ḥǎr) glean fruit off trees, i.e., strike fruit off a tree in a second pass. through an orchard of a first harvest (Dt 24:20+)

6995 II. פָּאַר (pā·ʾǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6286; TWOT 1726—1. LN 87.4–87.18 (piel) honor, endow with splendor, i.e., give high status to another and so honor with a wonderful object or state (Ezr 7:27; Ps 149:4; Isa 55:5; 60:9+); (hitp) glorify oneself, display one’s splendor (Ex 8:5[EB 9]; Isa 44:23; 49:3; 60:21; 61:3+); 2. LN 33.368–33.373 (hitp) boast, i.e., speak words showing improper pride and haughtiness, and so exhibit a confidence not warranted (Jdg 7:2+); 3. LN 16 (hitp) raise up, lift up, i.e., make a non-linear motion of raising an object above the shoulders and possibly the head, so as to strike an object (Isa 10:15+); 4. LN 79.9–79.17 (piel) adorn, make beautiful, i.e., make an object lovely and pleasing in appearance as a feature of an object, implying a respect for the object (Isa 60:7, 13+)

פֵּאֵר (pē·ʾēr) BDB: see 6994

6996 פְּאֵר (peʾēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6287; TWOT 1726a—LN 6.152–6.187 headdress, i.e., a turban or ornamental sash worn, by laying, attaching, or winding on the head (Ex 39:28; Isa 3:20; 61:3, 10; Eze 24:17, 23; 44:18+), note: in context, for both men and women

6997 פֹּארָה (pō(ʾ)·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6288; TWOT 1727a—LN 3.47–3.59 branch, bough, i.e., an extension from the main axis (trunk) of a tree or plant, as the non-fruit part of a plant (Eze 17:6; 31:5, 6, 8, 12, 13+)

6998 פֻּארָה (pǔ(ʾ)·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6288; TWOT 1727a—LN 3.47–3.59 boughs, an extension from the main axis (trunk) of a tree or plant, as the non-fruit part of a plant (Isa 10:33 K+), note: for other translation options, see WBC24:164

6999 פָּארוּר (pā(ʾ)·rûr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6289; TWOT 1727b—1. LN 79.70–79.77 glow, i.e., a physical appearance of heat either in burning or in blood supply of a person to an extremity (Joel 2:6; Na 2:11[EB 10]+), note: other ety. traces a root of “pale” or “dark.”; 2. LN 79.70–79.77 unit: קָבַץ פָּארוּר (qā·ḇǎṣ pā(ʾ)·rûr) flushed, hot, formally, “gathered of glow,” i.e., a condition where excess blood flows to the face as metabolic response to fear, anger, or anxiety (Joel 2:6; Na 2:11[EB 10]+), note: NIV translates “grow pale” (apparently following another ety.) which is a lack of blood flow to the face as a fear or anxiety response

7000 פָּארָן (pā(ʾ)·rān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6290; TWOT 1728—LN 93-place (terr) Paran: 1. desert area in Sinai peninsula (Ge 21:21; Nu 10:12; 12:16; 13:3, 26; Dt 1:1; 1Sa 25:1; 1Ki 11:18+) 2. mountain (Dt 33:2; Hab 3:3+), i.e., a poetic name for Mt. Sinai, see also 2998, 6099; note: for NIV text in 1Sa 25:1, see 5063; also, a part of a compound name, El Paran, see 386

7001 פַּג (pǎḡ): n.masc. [BDB: n.fem.]; ≡ Str 6291; TWOT 1729a—LN 3.33–3.46 unripe fig fruit, i.e., the early fruit buds of the fig plant, Ficus carica of the Mulberry family (SS 2:13+)

פַּגָּה (pǎg·gā(h)) BDB: see 7001

7002 פִּגּוּל (pig·gûl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6292; TWOT 1730a—LN 79.48–79.56 impurity, foul thing, i.e., an unclean and so contaminated state or object (Lev 7:18; 19:7; Isa 65:4; Eze 4:14+), note: always referring to rotted or ritually unclean meat

פּגע (pgʿ) or פגע (pgʿ): see 7003

7003 פָּגַע (pā·ḡǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 6293; TWOT 1731—1. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal) strike, i.e., make physical impact on an object which will result in harm or death (1Sa 22:17, 18; Jdg 15:12; 18:25); (hif) strike, impact upon (Job 36:32+); 2. LN 15.75–15.80 (qal) meet, come to, i.e., come to an area by linear movement and come near another object in an encounter (Ge 28:11; 32:2[EB 1]; Ex 5:20); 3. LN 33.347–33.348 (qal) intercede for, spare, help, i.e., to speak on behalf of someone else, with a focus that the encounter is effective (Ge 23:8; Isa 47:3); (hif) make intercession, intervene (Isa 53:12; 59:16+); 4. LN 84.1–84.15 (qal) touch, extend, border, i.e., reach out from a source to an extremity (Jos 19:11); 5. LN 33.299–33.306 (qal) plead with, i.e., speak in a way to encourage a particular behavior (Ru 1:16; Job 21:15; Jer 7:16; 27:18), note: this can be to either God or mankind; (hif) plead, urge (Jer 15:11; 36:25+); 6. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) cause, strike, i.e., cause a state to exist (Ex 5:3); (hif) cause, make encounter (Isa 53:6+)

7004 פֶּגַע (pě·ḡǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6294; TWOT 1731a—LN 13.104–13.163 occurrence, happening, i.e., an event that happens, implying that it may be a random occurrence, or have an appearance of chance (1Ki 5:18[EB 4]; Ecc 9:11+)

7005 פַּגְעִיאֵל (pǎḡ·ʿî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6295;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pagiel: of Asher, census assistant (Nu 1:13; 2:27; 7:72, 77; 10:26+)

פּגר (pgr) or פגר (pgr): see 7006

7006 פָּגַר (pā·ḡǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6296; TWOT 1732—LN 23.78–23.87 (piel) be exhausted, i.e., be in an extreme state of physical fatigue and tiredness, and so must rest or slow movement (1Sa 30:10, 21+)

7007 פֶּגֶר (pě·ḡěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6297; TWOT 1732a—1. LN 8.1–8.8 corpse, carcass, i.e., the dead corporeal mass of man or animal (Ge 15:11; Lev 26:30a; Nu 14:29, 32, 33; 1Sa 17:46; 2Ki 19:35; 2Ch 20:24, 25; Isa 14:19; 34:3; 37:36; 66:24; Jer 31:40; 33:5; 41:9; Eze 6:5; Am 8:3; Na 3:3+), note: for NIV text in 2Ch 20:25, see 955; 2. LN 6.96–6.101 lifeless idol, formally, carcass, i.e., a pejorative term for a shaped and fashioned image of worship (Lev 26:30b; Eze 43:7, 9+)

פּגשׁ (pgš) or פגשׁ (pgš): see 7008

7008 פָּגַשׁ (pā·ḡǎš): v.; ≡ Str 6298; TWOT 1733—1. LN 15.75–15.80 (qal) meet, approach, i.e., make linear movement which then draws near and encounters another object, implying an immediate interaction between the objects that meet (Ge 32:18[EB 17]; 33:8; Ex 4:24, 27; 1Sa 25:20; 2Sa 2:13; Pr 17:12; Isa 34:14; Jer 41:6; Hos 13:8+); 2. LN 13.1–13.47 (piel) come upon, encounter, i.e., cause a state or event (Job 5:14+); 3. LN 34.1–34.21 (nif) have in common, i.e., pertaining to elements which have an association and relationship (Ps 85:11[EB 10]; Pr 22:2; 29:13+)

פּדה (pdh) or פדה (pdh): see 7009

7009 פָּדָה (pā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6299; TWOT 1734—LN 37.127–37.138 (qal) redeem, ransom, buy, i.e., to cause the freedom or release of a person from bondage or ownership, often implying a delivering or rescue of a person in distress (Ex 13:13; 2Sa 4:9), note: in some contexts the redemption has a special focus of salvation and relationship to the LORD as a person now owned by God, see also domain LN 21.25–21.32; (qal pass.) redeemed, be ransomed (Nu 3:49; 18:16; Isa 35:10; 51:11+); (nif) be ransomed, be redeemed (Lev 19:20; 27:29; Isa 1:27+); (hif) let be ransomed (Ex 21:8+); (hof) ransomed (Lev 19:20+), note: some parse Nu 3:49b; 18:16 as n.masc., see 7012

7010 פְּדַהְאֵל (peḏǎh·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6300;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pedahel: of Naphtali (Nu 34:28+)

7011 פְּדָהצוּר (peḏāh·ṣûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6301;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pedahzur: of Manasseh, census assistant for Moses (Nu 1:10; 2:20; 7:59+), see also 7011.5

פְּדָה־צוּר (peḏā(h)-·ṣûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6301;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pedahzur: of Manasseh, census assistant for Moses (Nu 7:54; 10:23+), see also 7011

7012 פְּדוּיִם (peḏû·yim): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6302; TWOT 1734a—LN 37.127–37.138 ransom, redemption, i.e., the paying of an amount or price for the release of someone or something from captivity (Nu 3:46, 48, 51+), see also 7017, 7018; note: some parse Nu 3:49b; 18:16 as qal pass., see 7009

7013 פָּדוֹן (pā·ḏôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6303;—LN 93-pers. (male) Padon: ancestor of temple-servant returnees with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:44; Ne 7:47+)

7014 פְּדוּת (peḏûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6304; TWOT 1734b—LN 37.127–37.138 redemption, ransom, i.e., the paying of an amount or price for the release of someone or something from captivity (Ex 8:19[EB 23]; Ps 111:9; 130:7; Isa 50:2+), note: for NIV text in Ex 8:19, see 7151

7015 פְּדָיָה (peḏā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6305;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pedaiah: 1. maternal grandfather of King Jehoiakim (2Ki 23:36+) 2. son of King Jehoiachin (1Ch 3:18, 19+) 3. see 7016 4. wall builder in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 3:25+) 5. one who stood with Ezra (Ne 8:4+) 6. of Benjamin (Ne 11:7+) 7. Levite treasurer (Ne 13:13+)

7016 פְּדָיָהוּ (peḏā·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6305;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pedaiahu (Pedaiah NIV): father of one of David’s officers (1Ch 27:20+), see also 7015

7017 פִּדְיוֹם (piḏ·yôm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6306; TWOT 1734c—LN 37.127–37.138 redemption, ransom, i.e., the paying of an amount or price for the release of someone or something from captivity (Nu 3:49a+), see also 7012

7018 פִּדְיוֹן (piḏ·yôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6306; TWOT 1734c—LN 37.127–37.138 redemption money, ransom payment, i.e., a money price for the release of someone or something from captivity (Ex 21:30; Ps 49:9[EB 8]+), see also 7012

פִּדְיֹם (piḏ·yōm) Lisowsky: see 7017

פִּדְיֹן (piḏ·yōn) Lisowsky: see 7018

7019 פַּדָּן (pǎd·dān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6307; TWOT 1735—LN 93-place (loc.) Paddan: region in NW Mesopotamia, N of Euphrates (Ge 48:7+), see also 7020

7020 פַּדַּן אֲרָם (pǎd·dǎn ʾǎrām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6307; TWOT 1735—LN 93-place (loc.) Paddan Aram: region in NW Mesopotamia, N of Euphrates (Ge 25:20; 28:2, 5, 6, 7; 31:18; 33:18; 35:9, 26; 46:15+), see also 7019

פּדע (pdʿ) or פדע (pdʿ): see 7021

7021 פָּדַע (pā·ḏǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 6308; TWOT 1736—LN 21.17–21.24 (qal imv.) spare, save, i.e., deliver one from an undesireable condition (Job 33:24+)

7022 פֶּדֶר (pě·ḏěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6309; TWOT 1737—LN 8.9–8.69 suet, i.e., the hard fat about kidneys and loins of animals (Lev 1:8, 12; 8:20+)

7023 פֶּה (pě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6310, 6366;—1. LN 8.19 mouth, i.e., the entrance orifice of the body for ingestion, breathing, and communication (Ge 8:11; Nu 22:28; 1Sa 14:27), note: it may include the lips and tongue; 2. LN 80.1–80.4 opening, formally, mouth, i.e., an entrance area to a space, making that space accessible (Ge 29:2; Ex 28:32; Ps 133:2); 3. LN 25.1–25.11 taste, formally, mouth, i.e., a desire for tasting a certain food (Ge 25:28); 4. LN 23.1–23.39 hunger, formally, mouth, i.e., the physical desire for food (Pr 16:26); 5. LN 79.109 edge, formally, mouth, i.e., the sharp edge of sword or knife (Ge 34:26); 6. LN 33.69–33.108 communication, speech, formally, mouth, i.e., the speaking function of the mouth that gives information, exhortation, or commands (Ge 41:40); 7. LN 63.13–63.20 part, number, portion, i.e., unit of something which can be numbered (Ge 47:12; Dt 21:17; 2Ki 2:9); 8. LN 80.5–80.7 end, border, extremity, i.e., the limits of the boundaries of a space (2Ki 10:21; 21:16); 9. LN 83.39 unit: פֶּה אֶל פֶּה (pě(h) ʾěl pě(h)) face to face, formally, mouth to mouth, i.e., a position of persons across from each other (Nu 12:8), note: in some contexts it has a focus on personal relationship; 10. LN 83.39 unit: פֶּה עִם פֶּה (pě(h) ʿim pě(h)) face to face, formally, mouth to mouth, i.e., a position of persons across from each other (Jer 32:4); 11. LN 83.39 unit: פֶּה אֵת פֶּה (pě(h) ʾēṯ pě(h)) face to face, formally, mouth to mouth, i.e., a position of persons across from each other (Jer 34:3); 12. LN 79.109 unit: שְׁנַיִם פֶּה (šenǎ·yim pě(h)) double-edged, i.e., a shape of a knife or sword having two sharp edges (Jdg 3:16); 13. LN 60.62–60.66 unit: פֶּה שְׁנַיִם (pě(h) šenǎ·yim) two-thirds, formally, mouth of two, i.e., a fractional part of something (Zec 13:8)

7024 פֹּה (pō(h)): adv. locative; ≡ Str 6311; TWOT 1739—1. LN 83.1–83.4 here, i.e., a spatial position which is relatively near the speaker (1Sa 16:11); 2. LN 83.42–83.45 unit: מִן פֹּה וְ־ מִן פֹּה (min pō(h) w- min pō(h)) on each side, i.e., pertaining to a multiple position on each of a many-sided object (Eze 40:10ff.)

פּוֹ (pô): see 7024 (Eze 40:10 chpt 40–41 passim)

7025 פּוּאָה (pû·ʾā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6312;—LN 93-pers. (male) Puah: 1. see 7045 2. son of Issachar (1Ch 7:1), see also 7027 3. father of a delivering judge of Israel (Jdg 10:1+), see also 7026, 7027

7026 פֻּוָּאה (pǔw·wā(ʾ)(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6312;—LN 93-pers. (male) (NIV, NAB) Puah: son of Issachar (Ge 46:13+), see also 7025(2.), 7027

פֻּוָּה (pǔw·wā(h)): see 7026

7027 פּוּאִי (pû·ʾî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6324;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) (NIV, NEB, REB) Puite: pertaining to Puah (Puvahite NJB, NAB), (Nu 26:23+), see also 7025, 7026; for the MT text, see 7043

פּוּג (pûḡ) or פוג (pwg): see 7028

7028 פּוּג (pûḡ): v.; ≡ Str 6313; TWOT 1740—1. LN 74 (qal) be paralyzed, be stunned, i.e., be incapable to function in its normal way (Ge 45:26; Hab 1:4+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) be weak or tired (Ps 77:3[EB 2]+); (nif) be feeble, i.e., pertaining to being in a weakened physical state (Ps 38:9[EB 8]+)

7029 פּוּגָה (pû·ḡā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6314; TWOT 1740b—LN 23.78–23.87 relief, relaxation, rest, i.e., the cessation of a situation that brings rest (La 2:18+)

פּוּגַת (pû·ḡǎṯ) BDB: see 7029

7030 פֻּוָּה (pǔw·wā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6312;—LN 93-pers. (male) (NKJV, RSV, NRSV, ASV, NJB, Tanakh) Puvah: (Phuvah KJV, Puvvah NASB, ) of Issachar (Ge 46:13; Nu 26:23 K+), note: for NIV text, see 7025, 7026

פוח (pwḥ) Lisowsky: see 7031, 7032

פּוּח (pûḥ)[1] or I. פוח (pwḥ): see 7031

פּוּח (pûḥ)[2] or II. פוח (pwḥ): see 7032

7031 I. פּוּחַ (pûaḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6315; TWOT 1741—LN 14.4–14.9 (qal) blow, be breezy, i.e., the act. of the wind blowing, usually as the gentle breeze (SS 2:17; 4:6+), note: since usually a breeze can occur at both the setting and rising of the sun, this can refer to evening or morning time; (hif) exhale (SS 4:16+)

7032 II. פּוּחַ (pûaḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6315; TWOT 1741—1. LN 33.69–33.108 (hif) speak, pour out, give witness, formally, breathe, i.e., talk out loud, implying some energy and zeal in the speech, whether a formal or informal setting (Pr 6:19; 12:17; 14:5, 25; 19:5, 9; Hab 2:3+); 2. LN 33.387–33.403 (hif) sneer, malign, formally, breathe out, i.e., speak words which slander and insult (Ps 10:5; 12:6[EB 5]+); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 (hif) cause, formally, breathe out, i.e., cause an event to happen, implying a zealous, energetic action in the happening (Pr 29:8; Eze 21:36[EB 31]+), note: see also 5870

7033 פּוּט (pûṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6316;—LN 93-pers. Put: 1. (male) son of Ham (Ge 10:6; 1Ch 1:8) 2. (gent.) people of Put 1 (Jer 46:9; Eze 27:10; 30:5; 38:5; Na 3:9+), note: for another interp, see also 7033.5

פּוּט (pûṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6316;—LN 93-place (loc.) the area of modern Libya (Jer 46:9; Eze 27:10; 30:5; 38:5; Na 3:9+), see also 7033

7034 פּוּטִיאֵל (pû·ṭî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6317;—LN 93-pers. (male) Putiel: father-in-law of Eleazar (Ex 6:25+)

7035 פּוֹטִיפַר (pô·ṭî·p̄ǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6318;—LN 93-pers. (male) Potiphar: officer of Pharaoh, owner of Joseph (Ge 37:36; 39:1+)

7036 פּוֹטִי פֶרַע (pô·ṭî p̄ě·rǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6319;—LN 93-pers. (male) Potiphera: priest of On in Egypt, father-in-law of Joseph (Ge 41:45, 50; 46:20+)

7037 פּוּךְ (pûḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6320; TWOT 1742—1. LN 6.188–6.196 black eye-paint, i.e., a cosmetic paint for the eyes, made either by a lead sulfide compound or antimony (stibium) mineral,(2Ki 9:30; Jer 4:30+); 2. LN 2.29–2.48 turquoise, i.e., a precious mineral that is blue to green in color (1Ch 29:2; Isa 54:11+), note: for another interp, see next; 3. LN 2.49–2.62 hard mortar, i.e., a kind of hard black mortar used for setting stones (1Ch 29:2; Isa 54:11+), note: context favor this as some kind of stone, see prior entry

7038 פּוֹל (pôl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6321; TWOT 1743—LN 5.1–5.22 (coll.) beans, i.e., a leguminous food, identified by some sources as the broad bean (horse bean), the large flat edible seed of a twining plant Vicia faba (2Sa 17:28; Eze 4:9+)

7039 I. פּוּל (pûl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6322;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Pul: an African people (Isa 66:19+), note: for NIV text, see 4275

7040 II. פּוּל (pûl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6322;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pul: another name for Tiglath-Pileser king of Assyria (2Ki 15:19; 1Ch 5:26+), see also 9433, 9325

פּוּן (pûn) or פון (pwn): see 7041

7041 פּוּן (pûn): v.; ≡ Str 6323; TWOT 1744—LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) be in despair, i.e., be in a perplexed, emotionally drained, and anxious state (Ps 88:16[EB 15]+), note: for another parsing as adv., see 687; note: some sources change text to 7028

7042 פּוֹנֶה (pô·ně(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6437; TWOT 1782—see 7157 (2Ch 25:23 K+), note: K as from 7155

7043 פּוּנִי (pû·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6324;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) (most versions) Punite: pertaining to Puah (Nu 26:23+), note: for a v.r. or conflation in NIV, NEB, REB, (Puvahite NJB, NAB) see 7027

7044 פּוּנֹן (pû·nōn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6325;—LN 93-place (loc.) Punon: stopping place in the wilderness wandering (Nu 33:42, 43+)

7045 פּוּעָה (pû·ʿā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6326;—LN 93-pers. (female) Puah: Hebrew midwife in Egypt (Ex 1:15+)

פּוּץ (pûṣ) or פוץ (pwṣ): see 7046, 7047

7046 I. פּוּץ (pûṣ): v.; ≡ Str 6327; TWOT 1745, 1746, 1800—1. LN 15.135–15.140 (qal) scattered, i.e., pertaining to a state in which a collection of objects in one place are thrown or moved to multiple places relatively far (Ge 11:4), note: in some contexts it implies a chaotic or violent circumstance; (qal pass.) scattered (Zep 3:10); (nif) be scattered (1Ki 22:17); (hif) scatter, scattered (Ge 11:8); 2. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) overflow, i.e., a mass which flows more than a container or path can contain (Pr 5:16; Zec 1:17+); 3. LN 43 (qal) sow, i.e., scatter seed as a part of the agricultural process (Isa 28:25); 4. LN 55.2–55.6 (hif) attack, formally, cause to scatter, i.e., to be an aggressor in a military fight, so causing the opponent to disperse (Na 2:2[EB 1]), see also 5879

7047 II. פּוּץ (pûṣ): v. [BDB]; ≡ Str 6327; TWOT 1745—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) overflow, i.e., the movement of liquid which has gone over a normal rim or boundary (Pr 5:16+); 2. LN 59.48–59.61 (qal) be abundant, formally, overflow, i.e., be in a state of bountiful excess as a figurative extension of the overflow of a liquid (Zec 1:17+); note: other sources place these under 7046, with the same meanings

פּוּצַי (pû·ṣǎy) Holladay: see 7046 (Zep 3:10)

פּוּק (pûq) or פוק (pwq): see 7048, 7049

7048 I. פּוּק (pûq): v.; ≡ Str 6328, 6329; TWOT 1748—LN 16 (qal) totter, wobble, reel, stagger, i.e., the unstable motion of a person or object, as a trembling motion that might threaten collapse or falling (Isa 28:7+); (hif) totter (Jer 10:4+)

7049 II. פּוּק (pûq): v.; ≡ Str 6329; TWOT 1748—1. LN 57.71–57.124 (hif) furnish, provide, i.e., the giving of supplies for the benefit of others (Ps 144:13; Isa 58:10+); 2. LN 57.125–57.141 (hif) obtain, gain, i.e., receiving of an object or benefit, implying a success or completeness (Ps 140:9[EB 8]; Pr 3:13; 8:35; 12:2; 18:22+)

7050 פּוּקָה (pû·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6330; TWOT 1747a—1. LN 16 staggering, stumbling, i.e., the unstable wobbling, reeling, motion of a person or object, as a trembling motion that might threaten collapse or falling (1Sa 25:31+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 22.15–22.20 unit: פּוּקָה (pû·qā(h)) … לֵב (lēḇ) emotional burden, formally, staggering of heart, i.e., the experience of a distressing situation (1Sa 25:31+)

פּוּר (pûr) or פור (pwr): see 7051

7051 I. פּוּר (pûr): v.; ≡ Str 6512; TWOT 714a—see 7296 destroy (Ps 33:10; 89:34[EB 33]; Eze 17:19+)

7052 II. פּוּר (pûr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6332; TWOT 1749—1. LN 6.219 lot, i.e., pebbles, sticks, or pottery shard thrown or blindly pulled out of a container, for decision making based on what seems like chance, but was or was believed to be a communication of deity (Est 3:7; 9:24, 26b+); 2. LN 51 (pl.) Purim Feast, i.e., a Jewish festival during the 13–15th days of the month of Adar (Est 9:26a, 28, 29, 31, 32+)

7053 פּוּרָה (pû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6333; TWOT 1750a—1. LN 6.118–6.151 winepress, treading vat, i.e., a relatively large container either hewn from solid rock or built with rock and mortar, and plastered for a sealing of liquid from smashing grapes (Isa 63:3+), note: (KB, Holladay) translate “trough of the winepress”; 2. LN 81.20–81.24 measure, i.e., a definite, specific unit of liquid-volume measure, now unknown as to the specific amount (Hag 2:16+), note: some sources translate here as “wine trough” or “wine vat,” (see prior entry), note: for Isa 10:33 Q, see 6998

7054 פּוֹרָתָא (pô·rā·ṯā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6334;—LN 93-pers. (male) Poratha: son of Haman (Est 9:8+)

פּוּשׁ (pûš) or פושׁ (pwš) KB, Holladay: see 7055, 7056

פושׁ (pwš)[1] Lisowsky: see 7055

פושׁ (pwš)[2] Lisowsky: see 7056

7055 I. פּוּשׁ (pûš): v.; ≡ Str 6335; TWOT 1751, 1752—1. LN 15.238–15.243 (qal) leap, frolic, i.e., spring about, and jump about in a random pattern, implying a playful motion (Jer 50:11; Mal 3:20[EB 4:2]+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 16 paw, frisk, i.e., the non-linear motion of a usually hoofed animal digging the ground (Jer 50:11; Mal 3:20[EB 4:2]+), note: in context a playful motion of a young animal; 3. LN 15.230–15.237 (qal) gallop, i.e., the fast-running motion of a large mammal, specifically a fast three-beat natural gait of a horse (Hab 1:8+)

7056 II. פּוּשׁ (pûš): v.; ≡ Str 6335; TWOT 1751—LN 15.135–15.140 (nif) be scattered, i.e., pertaining to having a people dispersed over an area (Na 3:18+)

7057 פּוּתִי (pû·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6336;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Puthite: pertaining to a clan of Judah (1Ch 2:53+)

7058 פַּז (pǎz): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6337; TWOT 1753a—LN 2.49–2.62 gold, i.e., refined or pure precious metal, of great value (Job 28:17; Ps 19:11[EB 10]; 21:4[EB 3]; 119:127; Pr 8:19; SS 5:11, 15; Isa 13:12; La 4:2+), note: some sources give meaning as “chrysolite (olivine),” i.e., a greenish mineral that is a complex silicate of magnesium and iron

פּזז (pzz)[1] or I. פזז (pzz): see 7059

פּזז (pzz)[2] or II. פזז (pzz): see 7060

7059 I. פָּזַז (pā·zǎz): v.; ≡ Str 6338; TWOT 1753—LN 79.97–79.99 (hof ptcp.) refined, pure, i.e., pertaining to what is uncontaminated and unadulterated with impure elements, as the feature of an object (1Ki 10:18+)

7060 II. פָּזַז (pā·zǎz): v.; ≡ Str 6339; TWOT 1754—1. LN 23.129–23.141 (qal) be limber, be nimble, be agile, i.e., be quick and light in motion, implying physical abilities to accomplish an intended task (Ge 49:24); 2. LN 15.244 (piel) leap, jump, i.e., make limber dancing motions including graceful jumps and leaps (2Sa 6:16+)

פּזר (pzr) or פזר (pzr): see 7061

7061 פָּזַר (pā·zǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6340; TWOT 1755—1. LN 15.135–15.140 (qal pass. ptcp.) scattered, i.e., pertaining to a state in which a collection of objects in one place are thrown or moved to multiple places relatively far (Jer 50:17+); (nif) be scattered (Ps 141:7+); (piel) scatter (Ps 53:6[EB 5]; 89:11[EB 10]; 147:16; Joel 4:2[EB 3:2]+); (pual) scattered, dispersed (Est 3:8+); 2. LN 57.71–57.124 (piel) give, scatter, i.e., give an object or several objects to others, implying generosity, as a figurative extension of sowing seed or scattering objects over a spatial area (Ps 112:9; Pr 11:24; Jer 3:13+)

7062 I. פַּח (pǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6341; TWOT 1759a, 1759b—1. LN 6.23–6.25 snare, i.e., a bird-trap to ensnare, confine, and control birds (Ps 124:7; Pr 7:23; Ecc 9:12; Am 3:5+); 2. LN 21.1–21.5 danger, formally, snare, i.e., that which brings sudden danger (Jos 23:13; Job 22:10; Ps 69:23[EB 22]; 91:3; 119:110; 140:6[EB 5]; 141:9; 142:4[EB 3]; Pr 22:5; Isa 24:17, 18; Jer 18:22; 48:43, 44; Hos 5:1; 9:8+); 3. LN 37.1–37.32 control, formally, snare, i.e., that which brings sudden control of another (Job 18:9; Isa 8:14+)

7063 II. פַּח (pǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6341; TWOT 1759a—LN 6.188–6.196 leafing, plating, i.e., a thin sheet of hammered metal used in ornamental covering (Ex 39:3; Nu 17:3[EB 16:38]+), note: actual thickness is determined by context

פּחד (pḥd) or פחד (pḥd): see 7064

7064 פָּחַד (pā·ḥǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 6342; TWOT 1756—1. LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) tremble, be afraid, i.e., have an attitude or emotion of severe distress over impending danger or trouble, with a focus that it can be so intense that it will cause physical trembling and shaking (Dt 28:66, 67; Job 3:25; 23:15; Ps 14:5; 27:1; 53:6[EB 5]; 78:53; Pr 3:24; Isa 12:2; 19:16, 17; 33:14; 44:8, 11; Jer 36:16, 24+); (piel) live in terror (Isa 51:13+); (hif) make tremble in fear (Job 4:14+); 2. LN 53.53–53.64 (qal) reverence, i.e., be in a state of profound awe and respect, so intense the body may react with trembling and shaking (Ps 119:161; Jer 33:9; Hos 3:5; Mic 7:17+); (piel) fear, reverence (Pr 28:14+); 3. LN 16 (qal) beat fast, i.e., the non-linear motion of the heart contracting and relaxing quickly as a basal metabolic response to elation or fear (Isa 60:5+)

7065 I. פַּחַד (pǎ·ḥǎḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6343; TWOT 1756a—1. LN 25.251–25.269 fear, terror, dread, i.e., the state or condition of severe distress over impending trouble (Ex 15:16); 2. LN 25.251–25.269 fear, terror, dread, i.e., the object that causes fear or dread in another (Ps 31:12[EB 11]); 3. LN 12.1–12.42 the Fear, the Awe, i.e., a title of God (Ge 31:42, 53)

7066 II. פַּחַד (pǎ·ḥǎḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6344; TWOT 1756c—LN 8.9–8.69 thigh, i.e., a part of the body of an animal from the knee to the hip joint (Job 40:17+)

7067 פַּחְדָּה (pǎḥ·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6345; TWOT 1756b—LN 87.4–87.18 awe, holy fear, i.e., a state or condition of intense respect and high esteem for another (Jer 2:19+)

7068 פֶּחָה (pě·ḥā(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6346; TWOT 1757—LN 37.48–37.95 governor, officer, i.e., one who governs an administrative district for a king (1Ki 10:15)

פּחז (pḥz) or פחז (pḥz): see 7069

7069 פָּחַז (pā·ḥǎz): v.; ≡ Str 6348; TWOT 1758—LN 88.206–88.222 (qal ptcp.) be insolent, be arrogant, i.e., pertaining to a person that has a false confidence in oneself or one’s abilities, and so have a false, morally repugnant haughtiness (Jdg 9:4; Zep 3:4+), note: in some contexts, this foolish person may exhibit reckless behavior based in his excessive confidence and so exhibit characteristics of a fool

7070 פַּחַז (pǎ·ḥǎz): adj. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 6349; TWOT 1758a—LN 14.17–14.35 frothy, foamy, formally, reckless or overflowing, i.e., pertaining to bubbles on top of a body of water as the result of turbulence (Ge 49:4+), note: the froth may refer to the lack of principle (slippery as froth), or impulsive (frothy and boiling up)

7071 פַּחֲזוּת (pǎ·ḥǎzûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6350; TWOT 1758b—LN 88.206–88.222 insolence, arrogance, i.e., a state or condition of being stubborn and self-willed, with a focus on a false confidence in behavior or speech, implying a recklessness or boasting in some contexts (Jer 23:32+)

פּחח (pḥḥ) or פחח (pḥḥ): see 7072

7072 פָּחַח (pā·ḥǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6351; TWOT 1759—LN 37.114–37.118 (MT: hif inf. abs.) trap, confine to a space as an imprisonment (Isa 42:22+), note: see BHS ftn for alt. pointing as a passive (hof)

7073 פֶּחָם (pě·ḥām): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6352; TWOT 1760a—1. LN 14.63–14.73 coals, i.e., the hot, glowing embers of a burning fire likely from charcoal, though other burning material is possibly (Isa 44:12; 54:16+), note: for MT text in Ps 11:6, see 7073; 2. LN 3.60–3.67 charcoal, i.e., a carbon substance naturally occurring from plant material which burns readily (Pr 26:21+)

7074 פַּחַת (pǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6354; TWOT 1761a—1. LN 1.51–1.59 cave, i.e., a natural depression or hole in the earth, creating an underground chamber, often on the side of a hill or wadi (2Sa 17:9; Jer 48:28+); 2. LN 1.51–1.59 pit, i.e., a hole in the ground open on top, and so not creating an underground chamber (2Sa 18:17+); 3. LN 37.114–37.118 confining, formally, pit, i.e., a state or condition that imprisons and restricts free movement, as a figurative extension of a pit (Isa 24:17, 18; Jer 48:43, 44; La 3:47+)

7075 פַּחַת מוֹאָב (pǎ·ḥǎṯ mô·ʾāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6355;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pahath-Moab: 1. ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:6; 8:4; 10:30; Ne 7:11+) 2. father of wall builder (Ne 3:11+) 3. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:15[EB 14]+)

7076 פְּחֶתֶת (peḥě·ṯěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6356; TWOT 1761b—LN 3.13–3.32 fungus, mildew, yeast, plant rust, i.e., a parasitic and spore-bearing organism, usually classified as a plant that lacks chlorophyll, and that eats away at other organic material (Lev 13:55+), note: some translate “corrosion,” or “eating out”

7077 פִּטְדָה (piṭ·ḏā(h)): n.fem. or poss.masc.; ≡ Str 6357; TWOT 1762—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: (NIV, KJV, NKJV, NASB, ASV, RSV, NJB, NAB) topaz; (NRSV, NEB, REB, Tanakh Lisowsky) chrysolite (Ex 28:17; 39:10; Job 28:19; Eze 28:13+), note: exact identification not certain, note: the ety. may suggest a yellow stone

פטיר (pṭyr) BDB: see 7080 (1Ch 9:33 K)

פָּטִיר (pā·ṭîr) Lisowsky: see 7080

7078 פְּטִירִים (peṭî·rîm): adj.pl. [oth ptcp.masc.]—see 7080 (1Ch 9:33 K+)

7079 פַּטִּישׁ (pǎṭ·ṭîš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6360; TWOT 1763—LN 6.215–6.225 hammer, i.e., an implement used to strike an object, with a relatively large head (Isa 41:7; Jer 23:29; 50:23+), note: used to either forge a shape, or crush, break or destroy an object

פּטר (pṭr) or פטר (pṭr): see 7080

7080 פָּטַר (pā·ṭǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6358, 6362; TWOT 1764—1. LN 21.14–21.16 (qal) elude, escape, release, i.e., become free from danger by leaving an area (1Sa 19:10+); 2. LN 79.110–79.113 (qal pass.) opened, i.e., pertaining to a position (1Ki 6:18, 29, 32, 35+); (hif) open wide the mouth (as an insult) (Ps 22:8[EB 7]+), note: in context this refers to the position of a flower blossom and the position of human lips; 3. LN 37.127–37.138 (qal) release, i.e., allow exemption or freedom from a task or obligation (1Ch 9:33; 2Ch 23:8+); 4. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) breech, break open, i.e., have a wall of a container break open from relative pressure, so allowing the unchecked flow of a mass (Pr 17:14+), see also LN 19.43–19.54; note: possibly this is a controlled opening of a dam

7081 פֶּטֶר (pě·ṭěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6363; TWOT 1764a, 1764b—LN 10.14–10.48 first offspring, firstborn, i.e., that which is the first child or animal of the next generation (Ex 13:2, 12,13, 15; 34:19,20; Nu 3:12; 18:15; Eze 20:26+), note: usually in context a male

7082 פִּטְרָה (piṭ·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6363; TWOT 1764a—LN 10.14–10.48 first offspring, firstborn, i.e., that which is the first child or animal of the next generation (Nu 8:16+), note: usually in context a male

פִּי (pî) BDB: see 7023

7083 פִּי־בֶסֶת (pî-·ḇě·sěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6364;—LN 93-place (loc.) Pi Beseth (Bubastis NIV): city in the delta region of Egypt (Eze 30:17+)

7084 פִּי הַחִירוֹת (pî hǎ·ḥî·rôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6367;—LN 93-place (loc.) Pi Hahiroth: stopping place on route from Egypt (Ex 14:2, 9; Nu 33:7+), note: for MT text in Nu 33:8, see 7156

פִּי הַחִירֹת (pî hǎ·ḥî·rōṯ) BDB: see 7084

7085 פִּיד (pîḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6365; TWOT 1765a—LN 22.21–22.28 misfortune, distress, calamity, i.e., a state or causation that causes trouble and hardship (Job 12:5; 30:24; 31:29; Pr 24:22+)

פֵּיוֹת (pê·wōṯ) Holladay: see 7023 (Jdg 3:16+)

פִּיּוֹת (piy·yôṯ) BDB: see 7023 (Pr 5:4+)

7086 פִּיחַ (pîaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6368; TWOT 1741a—LN 14.63–14.73 soot, i.e., fine, powdery, black carbon particles as residue from a burning source (Ex 9:8, 10+)

7087 פִּיכֹל (pî·ḵōl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6369;—LN 93-pers. (male) Phicol: captain of the armies of King Abimelech (Ge 21:22, 32; 26:26+)

פִּילֶגֶשׁ (pî·lě·ḡěš) Holladay, BDB, Lisowsky: see 7108

7088 פִּים (pîm): n.masc.—LN 86.4–86.5 pim, i.e., a measure of weight, about 2/3 of a shekel (1Sa 13:21+)

7089 פִּימָה (pî·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6371; TWOT 1766a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 fat, i.e., the soft, lipid cells in an animal or human, as a part of the body (Job 15:27+), note: in context, it refers to an abundant life; 2. LN 79.104–79.109 unit: עָשָׂה פִּימָה (ʿā·śā(h) pî·mā(h)) bulge, formally, cover with fat, i.e., have an abundance of fat around an area of the body, creating the shape of a bulge or protuberance on the body (Job 15:27+)

7090 פִּינְחָס (pî·neḥās): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6372;—LN 93-pers. (male) Phinehas: 1. son of Eli (1Sa 1:3) 2. father of a priest in the time of Ezra (Ezr 8:33) 3. grandson of Aaron (Ex 6:25)

7091 פִּינֹן (pî·nōn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6373;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pinon: of Esau, a chief of Edom (Ge 36:41; 1Ch 1:52+)

7092 פִּיפִיּוֹת (pî·p̄iy·yôṯ): n.[masc.] n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 6374; TWOT 1738—LN 79.104–79.109 double-edged thing, i.e., an object with two thinned sides or edges, as a unique-shaped object (Ps 149:6; Isa 41:15+), note: this shape is used of swords as a weapon, see also domain LN 6.29–6.40, and blade of agricultural thresher or mower, see also domain LN 6.4–6.9

פִּיק (pîq) BDB, Lisowsky: see 7211

7093 פִּישׁוֹן (pî·šôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6376;—LN 93-place (River) Pishon: river that flowed out of Eden (Ge 2:11+)

7094 פִּיתוֹן (pî·ṯôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6377;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pithon: of Saul (1Ch 8:35; 9:41+)

7095 פַּךְ (pǎḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6378; TWOT 1767a—LN 6.118–6.151 flask, vial, phial, i.e., a small jug as a container to hold liquid (1Sa 10:1; 2Ki 9:1, 3+)

פּכה (pkh) or פכה (pkh): see 7096

7096 פָּכָה (pā·ḵā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6379; TWOT 1767b—LN 14.17–14.35 (piel ptcp.) trickling, dribbling, i.e., pertaining to a flowing motion of a relatively small amount of liquid (Eze 47:2+)

7097 פֹּכֶרֶת הַצְּבָיִים (pō·ḵě·rěṯ hǎṣ·ṣeḇā·yîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6380;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pokereth-Hazzebaim: ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:57; Ne 7:59+)

פֹּכֶרֶת הַצְּבָיִם (pō·ḵě·rěṯ hǎṣ·ṣeḇā·yim) BDB: see 7097

פּלא (plʾ) or פלא (plʾ): see 7098

פלא (plʾ)[1] Lisowsky: see 7098

פלא (plʾ)[2] Lisowsky: see 7098

7098 פָּלָא (pā·lā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 6381; TWOT 1768—1. LN 25.206–25.222 (nif) be wonderful, be marvelous, be amazing, i.e., pertaining to an attitude of great surprise and awe over an event or person (2Sa 1:26; Ps 118:23; 139:14; Pr 30:18; Zec 8:6+); (hif) astound, cause amazement, be wonderful (Dt 28:59; Jdg 13:19; 2Ch 2:8[EB 9]; 26:15; Ps 17:7; 31:22[EB 21]; Isa 28:29; 29:14, 14; Joel 2:26+); (hitp) show oneself marvelous, display awesome power (Job 10:16+); 2. LN 22.29–22.34 (nif) be hard, difficult, i.e., pertaining to what causes trouble and hardship because the subject does not have the power or ability to do or accomplish a feat (Ge 18:14; Dt 17:8; 30:11; 1Sa 13:2; Jer 32:17, 27+), note: for the ptcp. as a noun, see 5878.5; see also domain LN 74; 3. LN 13.104–13.163 (piel) fulfill, i.e., to cause something to happen (Lev 22:21; Nu 15:3, 8+), note: context implies this is a fulfilling of something special or noteworthy; (hif) fulfill something special (Lev 27:2; Nu 6:2+), see also 7111

7099 פֶּלֶא (pě·lě(ʾ)): n.masc. [see also 7099.5]; ≡ Str 6382; TWOT 1768a—LN 25.206–25.222 wonder, miracle, marvelous thing, i.e., an astounding thing which causes a feeling or attitude of intense amazement (Ex 15:11; Ps 77:12[EB 11],15[EB 14]; 78:12; 88:11[EB 10],13[EB 12]; 89:6[EB 5]; 119:129; Isa 9:5[EB 6]; 25:1; 29:14; La 1:9; Da 12:6+), note: if a focus on the power of the wonder, see also domain LN 76; if a focus on a miracle as a sign or portent as a non-verbal communication, see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

פֶּלֶא (pě·lě(ʾ)): adv.—see 7099 (La 1:9+)

7100 פִּלְאִי (pil·ʾî): adj.; ≡ Str 6383; TWOT 1768b—LN 32.19–32.23 wonderful, fantastic, beyond understanding, i.e., pertaining to that which is impossible to understand, with a focus on it as a marvelous, positive mystery (Jdg 13:18 Q; Ps 139:6 K+)

7101 פַּלֻּאִי (pǎl·lǔ·ʾî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6384;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Palluite: pertaining to Pallu (Nu 26:5+), see also 7112

7102 פְּלָאיָה (pelā(ʾ)·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6411;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pelaiah: 1. see also 7126 2. instructor of Torah (Ne 8:7+) 3. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:11[EB 10]+)

פּלג (plg) or פלג (plg): see 7103

7103 פָּלַג (pā·lǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 6385; TWOT 1769—1. LN 15.135–15.140 (nif) be dispersed, formally, be divided, i.e., the scattering of a people or groups into other areas (Ge 10:25; 1Ch 1:19+); 2. LN 19.55 (piel) cut open, i.e., form a linear depression of land by the massive flow of liquid (Job 38:25+); 3. LN 25.206–25.222 (piel) confound, confuse, formally, divide, i.e., to bewilder and dismay a communication and so cause astonishment and surprise (Ps 55:10[EB 9]+)

7104 I. פֶּלֶג (pě·lěḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6388; TWOT 1769a—1. LN 1.69–1.78 channel, route, i.e., stream of water, relatively small amount of liquid flowing in it, but usually used to cultivate plants and so bring prosperity (Ps 1:3; 46:5[EB 4]; 65:10[EB 9]; Pr 5:16; 21:1; Isa 30:25; 32:2+); 2. LN 47.1–47.7 flow, outpouring, formally, channel, i.e., the movement of liquid from one place to another (Job 29:6; Ps 119:136; La 3:48+), note: refers to falling of tears or flow of olive oil

7105 II. פֶּלֶג (pě·lěḡ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6389;—LN 93-pers. (male) Peleg: of Shem, in whose days the earth was “divided.” (Ge 10:25; 11:16, 17, 18, 19; 1Ch 1:19, 25+), see also DBLGrk 5744

7106 פְּלַגָּה (pelǎg·gā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6390; TWOT 1769b—1. LN 10.1–10.13 (RSV, NRSV, NJB, NAB, Tanakh, most versions?) clan, formally, division, i.e., a subgroup of a main clan division (Jdg 5:15, 16+), note: NEB, REB, “factions;” note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 1.82–1.85 (NIV) district, formally, division, i.e., a governmental, administrative area (Jdg 5:15, 16+); 3. LN 1.69–1.78 (ASV) stream, brook, i.e., a relatively small body of water that flows (Jdg 5:15, 16; Job 20:17+)

7107 פְּלֻגָּה (pelǔg·gā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6391; TWOT 1769c—LN 10.1–10.13 clan, formally, division, i.e., a subgroup of a main clan division (2Ch 35:5+)

7108 פִּלֶגֶשׁ (pi·lě·ḡěš): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6370; TWOT 1770—1. LN 10.53–10.61 concubine, i.e., a female in a formal, societally recognized, polygamous marriage relationship with a husband, usually with less rights than a wife, sometimes with a function of status or pleasure to the husband (Ge 22:24; 25:6; 35:22; 36:12; Jdg 8:31; 19:1–20:6 passim; 2Sa 3:7; 5:13; 15:16; 16:21, 22; 19:6[EB 5]; 20:3; 21:11; 1Ki 11:3; 1Ch 1:32; 2:46, 48; 3:9; 7:14; 2Ch 11:21; Est 2:14; SS 6:8, 9+); 2. LN 88.271–88.282 paramour, male lover, i.e., an illicite sexual partner (Eze 23:20+)

פְּלָדָה (pelā·ḏā(h)) Lisowsky: see 7110

7109 פִּלְדָּשׁ (pil·dāš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6394;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pildash: son of Nahor, nephew of Abraham (Ge 22:22+)

7110 פְּלָדֹת (pelā·ḏōṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6393; TWOT 1771—LN 2.49–2.62 steel iron, i.e., a metal more pliable than cast iron metal, which can be polished (Na 2:4[EB 3]+), note: some sources amend text to 4365 “torches.”

פּלה (plh) or פלה (plh): see 7111

7111 פָּלָה (pā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6395; TWOT 1772—LN 30.108–30.122 (nif) be distinguished, i.e., pertaining to making a judgment based on a difference of quality or kind, implying an action will follow (Ex 33:16+); (hif) deal differently, make a distinction, set apart (Ex 8:18[EB 22]; 9:4; 11:7; Ps 4:4[EB 3]+), see also 7098

7112 פַּלּוּא (pǎl·lû(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6396;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pallu: son of Reuben (Ge 46:9; Ex 6:14; Nu 26:5; 26:8; 1Ch 5:3+), see also 7101

7113 פְּלוֹנִי (pelô·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6397;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Pelonite: title or place of two great warriors for David (1Ch 11:27, 36; 27:10+), note: for another interp as common noun or pronoun, see 7141, 7121

פּלח (plḥ) or פלח (plḥ): see 7114

7114 פָּלַח (pā·lǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6398; TWOT 1773—1. LN 43 (qal) plow, i.e., make a cutting motion in the ground to break up the soil for planting (Ps 141:7+); 2. LN 19.14–19.26 (piel) cut up, i.e., the act. of dividing something into many parts with a sharp instrument (2Ki 4:39+); 3. LN 19.14–19.26 (piel) pierce, poke, i.e., the act. of a sharp object penetrating another object (Pr 7:23+); 4. LN 23.46–23.60 (piel) bring forth from the womb, i.e., the act. of giving normal physical birth (Job 16:13; 39:3+)

7115 פֶּלַח (pě·lǎḥ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6400; TWOT 1773a—1. LN 7.63–7.76 millstone, i.e., one of two (upper and lower) circular-shaped, relatively flat stones to grind grain (Jdg 9:53; 2Sa 11:21; Job 41:16[EB 24]+); 2. LN 63.13–63.20 slice, piece, slab, i.e., a part or section of something (1Sa 30:12; SS 4:3; 6:7+), note: how thick or thin depends on context

7116 פִּלְחָא (pil·ḥā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6401;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pilha: signer of the covenant (Ne 10:25[EB 24]+)

פּלט (plṭ) or פלט (plṭ): see 7117

7117 פָּלַט (pā·lǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 6403; TWOT 1774—1. LN 21.14–21.16 (qal) escape, survive, i.e., be out of danger by taking refuge in another place (Eze 7:16+); 2. LN 21.17–21.24 (piel) rescue, deliver, i.e., save another to be safe from danger or a very unfavorable circumstance, normally with a focus on physical dangers, and troubles on earth (2Sa 22:2, 44; Job 23:7; Ps 17:13; 18:3[EB 2],44[EB 43],49[EB 48]; 22:5[EB 4],9[EB 8]; 31:2[EB 1]; 37:40; 40:18[EB 17]; 43:1; 56:8[EB 7]; 70:6[EB 5]; 71:2, 4; 82:4; 91:14; 144:2+), note: if any contexts are salvation in a religious sense, there is more focus on the relationship to God, see also domain LN 21.25–21.32; 3. LN 23.46–23.60 (piel) birth, formally, cast forth, i.e., give birth to a baby, with a focus on the movement of the infant out of the mother’s body (Job 21:10+); 4. LN 15.165–15.186 (hif) secure, carry off and store, i.e., bring an object to another place for storage and use, any valuable including food (Isa 5:29; Mic 6:14a+); (piel) save up (Mic 6:14b+), see also domain LN 57.55–57.70

7118 פֶּלֶט (pě·lěṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6404;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pelet: 1. of Judah by Caleb (1Ch 2:47+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 12:3+); also, a part of a compound name, Beth Pelet, see 1120

פָּלֵט (pā·lēṭ) Lisowsky: see 7128

7119 פַּלֵּט (pǎl·lēṭ): n.[masc.] [oth piel inf.]; ≡ Str 6405; TWOT 1774a—LN 21.9–21.13 deliverance, i.e., the state or condition of safety from danger (Ps 32:7+)

פְּלֵטָה (pelē·ṭā(h)) Lisowsky: see 7129 Ex 10:5; 1Ch 4:43; Jer 50:29; Eze 14:22+

7120 I. פַּלְטִי (pǎl·ṭî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6406;—LN 93-pers. (male) Palti: 1. of Benjamin, an explorer (Nu 13:9+) 2. son of Laish, a husband of Saul’s daughter Michal (1Sa 25:44+), see also 7123(2.)

7121 II. פַּלְטִי (pǎl·ṭî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6407;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Paltite: pertaining to Beth Pelet (2Sa 23:26+), see also 1120, 7113

7122 פִּלְטָי (pil·ṭāy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6408;—LN 93-pers. (male) Piltai: priest in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 12:17+)

7123 פַּלְטִיאֵל (pǎl·ṭî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6409;—LN 93-pers. (male) Paltiel: 1. of Issachar (Nu 34:26+) 2. son of Laish, a husband of Saul’s daughter Michal (2Sa 3:15+), see also 7120(2.)

7124 פְּלַטְיָה (pelǎṭ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6410;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pelatiah: 1. descendant of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:21+) 2. descendant of Simeon (1Ch 4:42+) 3. One who signed the covenant with Nehemiah (Ne 10:23[EB 22]+) 4. see also 7125

7125 פְּלַטְיָהוּ (pelǎṭ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6410;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pelatiahu (Pelatiah NIV): son of Benaiah (Eze 11:1, 13+), see also 7124

פְּלִי (pelî) Lisowsky, פֶּלִי (pě·lî) Holladay: see 7100

פָּלִיא (pā·lî(ʾ)) Lisowsky, פֶּלִיא (pě·lî(ʾ)), פְּלִיאָה (pelî·ʾā(h)) Holladay: see 7100

7126 פְּלָיָה (pelā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6411;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pelaiah: of Solomon (1Ch 3:24+)

7127 פָּלִיט (pā·lîṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6412; TWOT 1774b, 1774c—LN 21.14–21.16 fugitive, refugee, escapee, i.e., one who has escaped captivity or danger, and so be in a relatively safe condition, at least until recapture (Ge 14:13; Jos 8:22; Jdg 12:4, 5; 2Ki 9:15; Isa 45:20; Jer 42:17; 44:14, 28; La 2:22; Eze 6:8, 9; 7:16; 24:26, 27; 33:21, 22; Am 9:1+)

7128 פָּלֵיט (pā·lêṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6412; TWOT 1774b—LN 21.14–21.16 fugitive, refugee, escapee, i.e., one who has escaped captivity or danger, and so be in a relatively safe condition, at least until recapture (Isa 66:19; Jer 44:14; 50:28; 51:50+)

7129 פְּלֵיטָה (pelê·ṭā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6413; TWOT 1774d—1. LN 21.14–21.16 escape, deliverance, i.e., the state or condition of not being in captivity and so out of danger and oppression (Ge 32:9[EB 8]; 45:7); 2. LN 21.14–21.16 fugitive, survivor, i.e., one who is not being in captivity and so out of danger and oppression (Ob 14); 3. LN 63.21–63.22 remainder, remnant, i.e., what is the left-over part of something, or some group (Ex 10:5; 2Ki 19:30)

7130 פָּלִיל (pā·lîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6414; TWOT 1776b—1. LN 56.20–56.34 judge, i.e., a person of authority who makes legal decisions in a court (Ex 21:22+); 2. LN 56.20–56.34 judgment, decision, i.e., a formal legal determination of what is right or wrong (Job 31:11+), note: oth respell Job 31:11 as 7132; 3. LN 31.26–31.28 decision, judgment, concession, i.e., an acknowledgment of something as true (Dt 32:31+)

7131 פְּלִילָה (pelî·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6415; TWOT 1776c—LN 30.75–30.85 decision, i.e., a thoughtful conclusion of a course of action, with a focus on future actions (Isa 16:3+)

7132 פְּלִילִי (pelî·lî): adj.; ≡ Str 6416; TWOT 1776d—LN 56.20–56.34 judged, i.e., pertaining to a consideration of judgment (Job 31:28+), note: for MT text in Job 31:11, see 7130

7133 פְּלִילִיָּה (pelî·liy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6417; TWOT 1776e—LN 56.20–56.34 rendering of a decision, i.e., the calling for a judgment in a legal case (Isa 28:7+)

פֶּלֶךְ (pě·lěḵ) Lisowsky: see 7134, 7135

7134 I. פֶּלֶךְ (pě·lěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6418; TWOT 1775a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 spindle-whorl, i.e., a stick about 36 inches long, fashioned (usually with weighted bottom) as a device to form and spin yarn taken off the distaff and spun at high speeds (Pr 31:19+); 2. LN 6.215–6.225 crutch, i.e., a long stick used as a support under the arm pit for help in moving or walking (2Sa 3:29+), note: oth sources translate as “spindle-whorl.”

7135 II. פֶּלֶךְ (pě·lěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6418; TWOT 1775a—LN 1.82–1.85 district, i.e., a governmental administration area (Ne 3:9, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17,18+)

פּלל (pll)[1] or I. פלל (pll): see 7136

פּלל (pll)[2] or II. פלל (pll): see 7137

7136 I. פָּלַל (pā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6419; TWOT 1776—1. LN 31.14–31.25 (piel) mediate, arbitrate, i.e., help parties to come to an agreement, with a focus on using process of deciding or judging (1Sa 2:25a+); 2. LN 30.53–30.55 (piel) expect, presume, i.e., to think about future contingencies, awaiting or foreseeing a future event (Ge 48:11+); 3. LN 33.299–33.306 (piel) furnish justification, provide an argument, i.e., give declarations to urge and persuade a point of view about a circumstance (Eze 16:52+), note: Holladay translates “stand up (as a guarantee),” suggesting to see also domain LN 57.152–57.171; 4. LN 33.161–33.177 (piel) intervene, i.e., ask or request for a particular thing to be done (Ps 106:30+); (hitp) intercede (1Sa 2:25b+), note: some parse as 7137

7137 II. פָּלַל (pā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6419; TWOT 1776—1. LN 33.178–33.179 (hitp) pray, make intercession, i.e., make a request to God, often with a focus that the request asks or pleads for an intervention in a situation (1Sa 1:10), note: 1Sa 2:25b some parse as 7136; 2. LN 33.161–33.177 ask, request, plead, i.e., to ask for something or make intercession with another human person (Isa 45:14)

7138 פָּלָל (pā·lāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6420;—LN 93-pers. (male) Palal: wall builder in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 3:25+)

7139 פְּלַלְיָה (pelǎl·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6421;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pelaliah: priest in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 11:12+)

פַּלְמוֹנִי (pǎl·mô·nî) Lisowsky: see 7140

7140 פַּלְמֹנִי (pǎl·mō·nî): n.[masc.] [BDB: p. (indefinite)]; ≡ Str 6422; TWOT 1772a—LN 92.11–92.25 certain one, such and such, i.e., a reference to a particular, but single indefinite person or thing (Da 8:13+); see also 7141

7141 פְּלֹנִי (pelō·nî): n.[masc.] [BDB: p. (indefinite)]; ≡ Str 6423; TWOT 1772a—LN 92.11–92.25 certain one, such and such, i.e., a reference to a particular, but single indefinite person or thing (Ru 4:1; 1Sa 21:3[EB 2]; 2Ki 6:8+), note: for another interp as n.pr., see 7113; see also 7140

פלס (pls) Lisowsky: see 7142, 7143

פּלס (pls)[1] or I. פלס (pls): see 7142

פּלס (pls)[2] or II. פלס (pls): see 7143

7142 I. פָּלַס (pā·lǎs): v.; ≡ Str 6424; TWOT 1777—1. (piel) make level, smooth, prepare a surface, i.e., make the surface of a path or way smooth and level, with a focus that this action provides relative ease for movement (Pr 4:26; Isa 26:7+), note: in some contexts this refers to behaviors and patters of life-style; 2. LN 42.7–42.28 (piel) do, perform, formally, measure or weigh out, i.e., carry out some activity, with a focus that the activity is measured and thought out, as a figurative extension of measuring or weighing as an activity (Ps 58:3[EB 2]+); 3. LN 68.63–68.78 unit: (piel) פָּלַס נָתִיב (pā·lǎs nā·ṯîḇ) make happen easier, not restrain, formally, level a path, i.e., do something intensely or extensively, as a figurative extension of preparing a road by leveling pot holes and dips, etc. (Ps 78:50+)

7143 II. פָּלַס (pā·lǎs): v.; ≡ Str 6424; TWOT 1777—LN 30.1–30.38 (piel) think about, formally, observe, i.e., give thought and consideration of principles or persons, with a focus that one gives considerable attention to right living, as a figurative extension of properly following a proper path by observing the road indicators (Pr 5:6, 21+)

7144 פֶּלֶס (pě·lěs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6425; TWOT 1777a—LN 6.213–6.214 balance-scale, i.e., a measuring device for weight, with pans and a balance point (Pr 16:11; Isa 40:12+)

פּלץ (plṣ) or פלץ (plṣ): see 7145

7145 פָּלַץ (pā·lǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 6426; TWOT 1778—LN 16 (hitp) tremble, shake, i.e., a back and forth shuddering motion, implying great instability and possibly falling of an object, as a non-linear motion (Job 9:6+)

7146 פַּלָּצוּת (pǎl·lā·ṣûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6427; TWOT 1778a—LN 25.251–25.269 fear, horror, terror, i.e., a state of severe distress, so great as to create an involuntary shuddering of the body (Job 21:6; Ps 55:6[EB 5]; Isa 21:4; Eze 7:18+)

פּלשׂ (plś): see 7142, 7143

פּלשׁ (plš) or פלשׁ (plš): see 7147

7147 פָּלַשׁ (pā·lǎš): v.; ≡ Str 6428; TWOT 1779—LN 15.248–15.249 (hitp) roll, i.e., a motion of a horizontal person turning over and over on a surface (Jer 6:26; 25:34; Eze 27:30; Mic 1:10+)

7148 פְּלֶשֶׁת (pelě·šěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6429;—LN 93-place (terr) Philistia: area of the S coastal plain of Palestine (Ex 15:14; Ps 60:10[EB 8]; 108:10[EB 9]; Joel 4:4[EB 3:4]; Am 6:2+), see also 7148.5, 7149

פְּלֶשֶׁת (pelě·šěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6429;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Philistine: people of Philistia (Ps 83:8[EB 7]; 87:4; Isa 14:29, 31+), see also 7148, 7149

7149 פְּלִשְׁתִּי (peliš·tî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6430;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Philistine: pertaining to a people of Philistia (Ge 10:14), see also 7148, 7148.5

7150 פֶּלֶת (pě·lěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6431;—LN 93-pers. (male) Peleth: 1. of Reuben, a rebel against Moses (Nu 16:1+) 2. of Judah by Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:33+)

7151 פְּלֻת (pelǔṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6304; TWOT 1734b—LN 30.108–30.122 distinction, i.e., a judgment based on a difference of quality or kind, implying an action will follow (Ex 8:19[EB 23] cj+), note: for MT text, see 7014

7152 פְּלֵתִי (pelē·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6432;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Pelethite: pertaining to a group of royal body guards, its form suggests from the Philistines (2Sa 8:18; 15:18; 2Sa 20:7, 23; 1Ki 1:38, 44; 1Ch 18:17+)

7153 פֶּן (pěn): c.; ≡ Str 6435; TWOT 1780—1. LN 89.55–89.64 lest, so that not, i.e., a marker of a negative purpose, implying some apprehension or worry of a possible future event (Ge 3:22; Ps 2:12); 2. LN 89.139–89.140 or, otherwise, i.e., a marker of an alternative relation (Ex 5:3); 3. LN 71.1–71.10 might, would, i.e., a marker of a mode of possibility of an event (1Sa 27:11); 4. LN 69.2–69.6 not, i.e., a marker that negates a statement (Dt 4:23), note: further study may yield more domains

פֶּן־ (pěn-) Lisowsky: see 7153

7154 פַּנַּג (pǎn·nǎḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6436; TWOT 1781—LN 5.23–5.28 kind of food, i.e., a specific but unknown kind of eatable food (Eze 27:17+), note: some MSS read a v.r. of 7001; note: NIV “confections,” which might be either a sweet food, or a medicinal preparation

פּנה (pnh) or פנה (pnh): see 7155

7155 פָּנָה (pā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6437; TWOT 1782—1. LN 16 (qal) turn, i.e., make a non-linear pivoting motion to make a change in direction (Ge 18:22), note: this movement can have many associative meanings ranging from turning away in rejection to turning to an object to help; (piel) turn away (Zep 3:15+); (hif) turn (Jdg 15:4; 1Sa 10:9; Jer 46:5, 21; 47:3; 48:39; 49:24; Na 2:9+); (hof) turned (Jer 49:8+); 2. LN 77 (piel) prepare, make ready, i.e., take actions of any kind to make an event or state possible (Ge 24:31; Lev 14:36; Ps 80:10[EB 9]; Isa 40:3; 57:14; 62:10; Mal 3:1+), note: in context this is often moving or changing the appearance of an object; 3. LN 82.7–82.12 (qal) face, i.e., pertaining to a position which is in front of an object or a direction of orientation (1Ki 7:25); (hof) be faced (Eze 9:2+); 4. LN 13.48–13.68 (qal) turn, i.e., to have a change of state, or transition of time period (Ge 24:63; Ex 14:27; Jer 6:4); 5. LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) look at, formally, face, i.e., look at an object with the perception of sight, as an extension of turning and facing an object (Job 6:28); 6. LN 34.22–34.30 (qal) turn to, i.e., join in an association with another, with a focus on needing or wanting assistance (Eze 29:16); 7. LN 30.39–30.52 (qal) notice, pay attention, i.e., to think about an object with a focus of responding in concern to the object (2Sa 9:8)

7156 פָּנֶה (pā·ně(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3942, 6440; TWOT 1782b—1. LN 8.9–8.69 face, i.e., the front part of the head, including main organs for perception and speech; eyes, mouth, etc. (Nu 12:14); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 mouth, i.e., a part of the face with jaws that open and close (Job 41:6[EB 14]); 3. LN 79.91–79.94 surface, face, i.e., the two dimensional area of an object usually conceived as on top (the surface) of the object (Ge 1:2; 2:6); 4. LN 24.1–24.51 appearance, formally, face, i.e., the form or characteristics of something as seen (Ecc 8:1); 5. LN 85.1–85.31 presence, i.e., the personal existence of something in a particular place or space, that usually interacts with objects around it (Ge 27:30; Ex 33:14); 6. LN 83.33–83.41 in front of, i.e., a spatial position which is located at the anterior or forepart of an object or area (Ex 7:10); 7. LN 67.17–67.64 formerly, before, i.e., pertaining to a point of time earlier in sequence (Ge 27:7; 1Ch 4:40), note: for NIV text in Nu 33:8, see 7084; 8. LN 22.42–22.47 unit: אוֹר פָּנֶה (ʾôr pā·ně(h)) look with favor, formally, make face shine, i.e., a request for favorable circumstances, and relief from trouble and danger (Nu 6:25; Ps 31:17[EB 16]; 67:2[EB 1]; 80:4[EB 3],8[EB 7],20[EB 19]; 119:135; Da 9:17+); 9. LN 58.14–58.18 unit: אוֹר פָּנֶה (ʾôr pā·ně(h)) bright countenance, formally, light of the face, i.e., an appearance of the face that shows positive, happy attitude (Job 29:24; Pr 16:15); 10. LN 22.42–22.47 unit: אוֹר פָּנֶה (ʾôr pā·ně(h)) favor, formally, light of the face, i.e., favorable circumstances, and relief from trouble and danger (Ps 4:7[EB 6]; 44:4[EB 3]); 11. LN 76 unit: פָּנֶה אַרְיֵה (pā·ně(h) ʾǎr·yē(h))1 strength, formally, face of a lion, i.e., the figurative extension of a lion’s power; 12. LN 34.1–34.21 unit: (piel) בָּקַשׁ פָּנֶה (bā·qǎš pā·ně(h)) associate, be in association, formally, seek the face, i.e., be in relation to another as a figurative extension of seeking to be in the presence of that person (1Ch 16:11); 13. LN 25.251–25.269 unit: לְ־ פָּנֶה ־ו דּוּץ דְּאָבָה (l- pā·ně(h) w dûṣ deʾā·ḇā(h)) fear, formally, dismay goes before him, i.e., he instills fear (Job 41:14[EB 22]+); 14. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: דֶּלֶת פָּנֶה (dě·lěṯ pā·ně(h)) jaw, formally, door of the mouth, i.e., the clenching part of the mouth (Job 41:6[EB 14]); 15. LN 15.165–15.186 unit: הָלַךְ לְ־ פָּנֶה (hā·lǎḵ l- pā·ně(h)) leader, formally, walk ahead, i.e., direct or guide a collection and so act. as a leader (Dt 10:11), see also domain LN 37.48–37.95; 16. LN 53.66–53.95 unit: (hitp) הָלַךְ לְ־ פָּנֶה (hā·lǎḵ l- pā·ně(h)) minister, serve, formally, walk before, i.e., give religious worship and service to deity, apparently as a figurative extension of walking in procession before a king or sacred representative (1Sa 2:30); 17. LN 22.21–22.28 unit: פָּנֶה (pā·ně(h)) … טָחַן (ṭā·ḥǎn) (qal) extreme oppression, formally, grind the face (Isa 3:15+); 18. LN 33.291–33.293 unit: (hitp) יָצַב לְ־ פָּנֶה (yā·ṣǎḇ l- pā·ně(h)) confront, formally, stand before, i.e., speak words both announce and warn (Ex 8:16[EB 20]); 19. LN 39.18–39.20 unit: (hitp) יָצַב בְּ־ פָּנֶה (yā·ṣǎḇ b- pā·ně(h)) stand against, resist, i.e., to actively oppose or resist power (Dt 7:24); 20. LN 57.178–57.185 unit: (piel) כָּפַר פָּנֶה (kā·p̄ǎr pā·ně(h)) pacify, give a gift, formally, cover the face, i.e., give a gift of tribute which will establish some level of relationship, possibly implying reconciliation (Ge 32:21[EB 20]+); 21. LN 6.152–6.187 unit: פָּנֶה לְבוּשׁ (pā·ně(h) leḇûš) coat, i.e., a garment specifically for outer garb (Job 41:5[EB 13]); 22. LN 53.16–53.27 unit: לֶחֶם הַ־ פָּנֶה (lě·ḥěm hǎ- pā·ně(h)) Bread of the Presence, i.e., a special bread as an offering (Ex 25:30); 23. LN 59.23–59.34 unit: מְגַמָּה פָּנֶה ־הֶם (meḡǎm·mā(h) pā·ně(h) hěm) all, formally, assembling of their faces, i.e., the totality (Hab 1:9+), note: this is contextually synonymous with כֹּל (kōl) in prior clause, note: Lisowsky “striving?”; KB, BHS ftn cj is 4475; 24. LN 30.75–30.85 unit: נָכַר פָּנֶה (nā·ḵǎr pā·ně(h)) be prejudiced, be a friend, formally, recognize the face, i.e., make a decision based on factors other than the facts at hand, usually inferring that a party in a dispute is a friend (Dt 1:17); 25. LN 87.19–87.57 unit: נָשָׂא פָּנֶה (nā·śā(ʾ) pā·ně(h)) show honor, formally, lift up the face, i.e., do actions attributing high status to another (La 4:16); 26. LN 31.14–31.25 unit: נָשָׂא פָּנֶה (nā·śā(ʾ) pā·ně(h)) accept, formally, lift up the face, i.e., consent or agree to conditions or terms (La 4:16); 27. LN 30.75–30.85 unit: נָשָׂא פָּנֶה (nā·śā(ʾ) pā·ně(h)) show partiality, have bias, be prejudiced, i.e., manifest the incorrect discrimination or preference of making of judgments based on factors other than the facts pertinent to a just decision (Mal 2:9); 28. LN 24.1–24.51 unit: נָשָׂא פָּנֶה (nā·śā(ʾ) pā·ně(h)) look up, formally, lift up the face (2Ki 9:32); 29. LN 30.75–30.85 unit: הָדַר פָּנֶה (hā·ḏǎr pā·ně(h)) show partiality, have bias, be prejudiced in favor of, i.e., manifest the incorrect discrimination or preference of making of judgments based on factors other than the facts pertinent to a just decision (Lev 19:15); 30. LN 25.179–25.185 unit: (hif) סָבַב אֵת פָּנֶה (sā·ḇǎḇ ʾēṯ pā·ně(h)) sulk, formally, turn the face, i.e., be in an offended, angry mood (1Ki 21:4); 31. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: קָשֶׁה פָּנֶה (qā·šě(h) pā·ně(h)) stubborn, obstinate, formally, hard of face, i.e., pertaining to being obdurate and not changing an attitude or behavior (Eze 2:4+); 32. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: (qal) נָפַל פָּנֶה (nā·p̄ǎl pā·ně(h)) downcast appearance, formally, sag, i.e., be in a state of a frowning, angry or disconcerted appearance (Ge 4:5, 6); 33. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: (hif) נָפַל פָּנֶה (nā·p̄ǎl pā·ně(h)) downcast appearance, formally, sag, i.e., be in a state of a frowning, angry or disconcerted appearance (Jer 3:12); 34. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: עוֹר פָּנֶה (ʿôr pā·ně(h)) face, formally, appearance of the skin, i.e., the part of the body of the eyes, nose, mouth, and cheeks (Ex 34:29); 35. LN 33.294–33.298 unit: (qal) רָאָה פָּנֶה (rā·ʾā(h) pā·ně(h)) advisor, formally, one looking in the face, i.e., one who tells another what to do or plan (2Ki 25:19); 36. LN 24.1–24.51 unit: הַ־ לְ־ פָּנֶה הַ־ לְ־ פָּנֶה (hǎ- l- pā·ně(h) hǎ- l- pā·ně(h)) reflect, to the face to the face, i.e., see something indirectly from a polished or naturally smooth surface (Pr 27:19), note: for NIV text in Nu 33:8, see 7084; note: further study may yield more domains

7157 פִּנָּה (pin·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6434, 6438; TWOT 1783a—1. LN 79.104–79.109 corner, i.e., a point where two converging lines, edges or sides meet (Ex 27:2; 38:2; 1Ki 7:34; 2Ch 28:24; Ne 3:24, 31, 32; Job 1:19; Pr 7:8, 12; 21:9; 25:24; Jer 31:40; Eze 43:20; 45:19; Zep 1:16+), note: for MT text in 2Ch 25:23, see 7042; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 leader, i.e., a person of authority who leads people or activities (Jdg 20:2; 1Sa 14:38+); 3. LN 7.26–7.53 stronghold, formally, cornertower, i.e., a construction on the corner of a city wall (2Ch 26:15; Zep 3:6+); 4. LN 7.44 cornerstone, i.e., a stone essential to the construction of a building (Job 38:6; Ps 118:22; Isa 19:13; 28:16; Jer 51:26; Zec 10:4+)

פִּנָּה (pin·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6434, 6438;—LN 93-place (loc.) Corner Gate: an entrance area (2Ki 14:13; 2Ch 25:23 NIV; 2Ch 26:9; Jer 31:38; Zec 14:10+)

7158 I. פְּנוּאֵל (penû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6439;—LN 93-pers. (male) Penuel: 1. of Judah (1Ch 4:4+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:25 Q+, for K, see 7160)

7159 II. פְּנוּאֵל (penû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6439;—LN 93-place (loc.) Penuel (Peniel NIV): place E of the Jordan River (Ge 32:32[EB 31]; Jdg 8:8,9, 17; 1Ki 12:25+), see also 7161

פִּנְחָס (pin·ḥās) BDB, פִּנְחָס (pin·ḥās) Holladay: see 7090 (1Sa 1:3)

7160 I. פְּנִיאֵל (penî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6439;—LN 93-pers. (male) Peniel: 1Ch 8:25 K, for Q see also 7158

7161 II. פְּנִיאֵל (penî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6439;—LN 93-place (loc.) Peniel: place E of the Jordan River (Ge 32:31[EB 30]+), see also 7159

פניים (pnyym) BDB: see 7162

7162 פְּנִיּיִם (peniy·yyim): n.[masc.?]; ≡ Str 6443; TWOT 1783b—see 7165 (Pr 3:15 K+)

פָּנִים (pā·nîm) Holladay, BDB, Lisowsky: see 7156

7163 פְּנִימָה (penî·mā(h)): adv.loc.; ≡ Str 6441; TWOT 1782c—LN 83.9–83.17 inner, inside, within, i.e., pertaining to a position that is within certain limits of a space (Lev 10:18; 1Ki 6:18, 19, 21, 30; 2Ki 7:11; 2Ch 3:4; 29:16, 18; Ps 45:14[EB 13]; Eze 40:16; 41:3+)

7164 פְּנִימִי (penî·mî): adj.; ≡ Str 6442; TWOT 1782d—LN 83.9–83.17 inner, inside, within, i.e., pertaining to a position that is within certain limits of a space (1Ki 6:27, 36; 7:12, 50; 1Ch 28:11; 2Ch 4:22; Est 4:11; 5:1; Eze 8:3, 16; 10:3; 40:15, 19, 23, 27, 28, 32, 44; 41:15, 17; 42:3, 4, 15; 43:5; 44:17,21, 27; 45:19; 46:1+)

7165 פְּנִינִים (penî·nîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 6443; TWOT 1783b—LN 2.29–2.48 red precious substance: (most versions) rubies, i.e., a red precious stone; (BDB, KB, Holladay, Lisowsky, NEB, REB) (red) coral, i.e., a richly red precious skeletal material secreted by a gorgonian coral animal (of the genus Corallium) (Job 28:18; Pr 3:15; 8:11; 20:15; 31:10; La 4:7+), note: NASB, RSV, NRSV, CEV, “jewels;” NJB, “pearls;” it is unclear as to what red precious material this is, see also 7162

7166 פְּנִנָּה (penin·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6444;—LN 93-pers. (female) Peninnah: wife of Elkanah (1Sa 1:2,4+)

פּנק (pnq) or פנק (pnq): see 7167

7167 פָּנַק (pā·nǎq): v.; ≡ Str 6445; TWOT 1784—LN 88.252–88.255 (piel) pamper, indulge, i.e., treat another with extreme or excessive care and attention (Pr 29:21+)

7168 פַּס (pǎs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6446; TWOT 1789a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 palm, sole, i.e., the flat, under-surface part at the very end of the limbs of the human body (Ge 37:3, 23, 32; 2Sa 13:18, 19+), note: other sources relate this to variegation as a color pattern, also similarly a gold threaded ornamentation pattern, see also domain LN 79.26–79.38; also part of a compound name, Pas Dammim, see 7169; 2. LN 6.152–6.187 unit: כֻּתֹּנֶת פַּס (kǔt·tō·něṯ pǎs) special tunic, distinctive robe, i.e., a tunic or robe unique in design for showing special favor or relationship (Ge 37:3, 23, 32; 2Sa 13:18, 19+), note: either the robe was very long-sleeved and extending to the feet, or a richly-ornamented tunic either of special color design or gold threading, both ornamental and not suitable for working

7169 פַּס דַּמִּים (pǎs dǎm·mîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6450;—LN 93-place (loc.) Pas Dammim: place between Azekah and Socoh (2Sa 23:9; 1Ch 11:13+), see also 702

פּסג (psg) or פסג (psg): see 7170

7170 פָּסַג (pā·sǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 6448; TWOT 1785—1. LN 15.1–15.17 (BDB, NASB, RSV, NRSV, NEB, REB, Tanakh) (piel imv.) go through, pass. through, traverse, i.e., make a linear motion in processional travel (Ps 48:14[EB 13]+); 2. LN 30.39–30.52 (KJV, NKJV, ASV) (piel imv.) consider, (NAB) examine, i.e., think about with reflection, implying one will remember and correctly respond to what is contemplated (Ps 48:14[EB 13]+), note: NJB, “admire;” NIV, “view;” note: (Holladay, KB) no explanation offered; note: interpreted as inversion in verses 13–14 (chiasmus) then prior entry is the meaning, if parallelism, then “think” is the meaning; the editor reads verses 13–14 as a chiasmus, see prior entry

7171 פִּסְגָּה (pis·gā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6449;—LN 93-place (a mountain) Pisgah: mountain peak or range in Transjordan just NW of Mt. Nebo (Nu 21:20; 23:14; Dt 3:17, 27; 4:49; 34:1; Jos 12:3; 13:20+)

7172 פִּסָּה (pis·sā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6451; TWOT 1789b—LN 59.48–59.61 abundance, plenty, i.e., a state or condition which is more than sufficient for a situation (Ps 72:16+), note: Holladay suggestions translation as “portion.”

פסח (psḥ) KB, Lisowsky: see 7173, 7174

7173 I. פָּסַח (pā·sǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6452; TWOT 1786, 1787—LN 15.27–15.33 (qal) pass. over, go by, i.e., move in a linear motion without stopping, implying lack of confrontation or engagement in an activity (Ex 12:13, 23, 27; Isa 31:5+)

7174 II. פָּסַח (pā·sǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6452; TWOT 1786—1. LN 31.58–31.81 (qal ptcp.) waver, mentally vacillate, formally, leap or dance about, i.e., think in an unstable, manner, bouncing between commitment of two persons or ideas (1Ki 18:21+), note: implying a senseless thinking, see also domain LN 88.93–88.99; 2. LN 23.142–23.184 (nif impf.) become crippled, be maimed, be mutilated, i.e., pertaining to being in a physically incapacitated state, where body parts do not function normally (2Sa 4:4+); 3. LN 15.244 (piel impf.) dance, i.e., leap about a worship artifact to invoke a gods favor or answer, so be in worship, see also domain LN 53.53–53.64 (1Ki 18:26+), note: the context and ety. imply possibly a tired, limping motion in the dancing

7175 פֶּסַח (pě·sǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6453; TWOT 1786a—1. LN 4.27 Passover sacrifice, i.e., the ceremonial offering of small mammals (sheep or goats) one year old, of very high quality (Ex 12:21); 2. LN 51 Passover Feast, i.e., a festival celebrating deliverance from Egypt (Ex 34:25); 3. LN 51 Passover meal, i.e., a meal eaten as a part of the festival of Passover, eaten as a remembrance of hasty deliverance (Ex 12:11)

7176 פָּסֵחַ (pā·sēaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6454;—LN 93-pers. (male) Paseah: 1. of Judah (1Ch 4:12+) 2. ancestor of returnees with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:49; Ne 7:51+) 3. father of Joiada (Ne 3:6+)

7177 פִּסֵּחַ (pis·sēaḥ): adj.; ≡ Str 6455; TWOT 1787a—LN 23.142–23.184 lame, crippled, maimed, i.e., pertaining to a person in a more or less permanent physically incapacitated state, where body parts do not function normally (Lev 21:18; Dt 15:21; 2Sa 5:6, 8; 9:13; 19:27[EB 26]; Job 29:15; Pr 26:7; Isa 33:23; 35:6; Jer 31:8; Mal 1:8, 13+), note: the lame often have social limits and functions and a low status in society

7178 פָּסִיל (pā·sîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6456; TWOT 1788b—LN 6.96–6.101 idol, image, i.e., a worship-icon either believed to be, or represent a god (Dt 7:5, 25; 12:3; Jdg 3:19, 26; 2Ki 17:41; 2Ch 33:19, 22; 34:3, 4, 7; Ps 78:58; Isa 10:10; 21:9; 30:22; 42:8; Jer 8:19; 50:38; 51:47, 52; Hos 11:2; Mic 1:7; 5:12[EB 13]+), note: in most contexts a carved image of stone or wood, but possibly also a cast metal icon

7179 פָּסַךְ (pā·sǎḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6457;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pasach: of Asher (1Ch 7:33+)

פָּסָךְ (pā·sāḵ) BDB: see 7179

פּסל (psl) or פסל (psl): see 7180

7180 פָּסַל (pā·sǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6458; TWOT 1788—LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) hew, cut, carve, chisel, i.e., pierce or cut by digging into an object (stone or wood) (Ex 34:1, 4; Dt 10:1, 3; 1Ki 5:32[EB 18]; Hab 2:18+), note: in contexts, this motion can make writing, or construct buildings

7181 פֶּסֶל (pě·sěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6459; TWOT 1788a—LN 6.96–6.101 idol, image, i.e., a shaped or fashioned worship-icon as a god or representing a god (Ex 20:4; Lev 26:1; Dt 4:16, 23, 25; 5:8; 27:15; Jdg 17:3, 4; 18:14, 17, 18, 20, 30, 31; 2Ki 21:7; 2Ch 33:7; Ps 97:7; Isa 40:19, 20; 42:17; 44:9, 10, 15, 17; 45:20; 48:5; Jer 10:14; 51:17; Na 1:14; Hab 2:18+), note: though a carved stone or wood image in most contexts, it may include metal cast images as well

פּסס (pss) or פסס (pss): see 7182

7182 פָּסַס (pā·sǎs): v.; ≡ Str 6461; TWOT 1790—LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) vanish, disappear, i.e., to no longer be seen, being in another location out of view (Ps 12:2[EB 1]+), note: a v.r. in a few MSS is 7198, “disperse;” note: in this context the meaning may be “to no longer exist” and so imply a vanishing based on the ceasing of a state, see also domain LN 13.69–13.103

7183 פִּסְפָּה (pis·pā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6462;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pispah: of Asher (1Ch 7:38+)

פּעה (pʿh) or פעה (pʿh): see 7184

7184 פָּעָה (pā·ʿā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6463; TWOT 1791—LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) cry out, groan, moan, i.e., to make an involuntary guttural sound as a signal of pain (Isa 42:14+)

7185 פָּעוּ (pā·ʿû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6464;—LN 93-place (loc.) Pau: city of King Hadar of Edom (Ge 36:39+), note: for MT text in 1Ch 1:50, see 7187

7186 פְּעוֹר (peʿôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6465;—LN 93-place Peor: high point in Moab, possibly near Mt Nebo, in which Baal was worshiped (Nu 23:28; 25:3, 5, 18; 31:16; Dt 4:3; Jos 22:17; Ps 106:28+), see 1261; also, a part of a compound name, Beth Peor, see 1121; also Baal Peor, see 1261

7187 פָּעִי (pā·ʿî): n.pr. [Holladay: n.pr.masc.]; ≡ Str 6464;—LN 93-place (loc.) Pai: city of King Hadar of Edom (1Ch 1:50+), note: for NIV text, see 7185

פּעל (pʿl) or פעל (pʿl): see 7188

7188 פָּעַל (pā·ʿǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6466; TWOT 1792—1. LN 42.7–42.28 (qal) do, perform, work, i.e., act. out or carry out almost any kind of activity (Nu 23:23; Dt 32:27; Job 7:20; 11:8; 22:17; 31:3; 33:29; 34:8, 22, 32; 35:6; 36:23; 37:12; Ps 5:6[EB 5]; 6:9[EB 8]; 11:3; 14:4; 15:2; 28:3; 36:13[EB 12]; 44:2[EB 1]; 53:5[EB 4]; 59:3[EB 2]; 64:3[EB 2]; 68:29[EB 28]; 92:8[EB 7],10[EB 9]; 94:4, 16; 101:8; 119:3; 125:5; 141:4, 9; Pr 10:29; 16:4; 21:15; 30:20; Isa 26:12; 31:2; 41:4; 43:13; Hos 6:8; 7:1; Hab 1:5; Zep 2:3+); 2. LN 42.29–42.40 (qal) make, fashion, forge, i.e., create an object out of existing materials (Ex 15:17; Job 36:3; Ps 7:16[EB 15]; Isa 44:12,15+); 3. LN 30.56–30.74 (qal) plot, devise, i.e., think about a course of action, implying planning (Ps 58:3[EB 2]; Mic 2:1+); 4. LN 77 (qal) make ready, prepare, i.e., make ready for an action or event (Ps 7:14+); 5. LN 57.71–57.124 (qal) give, bestow, i.e., give out a gift as a benefit to another (Ps 31:20[EB 19]; 74:12+)

7189 פֹּעַל (pō·ʿǎl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6467; TWOT 1792a—1. LN 42.7–42.28 work, labor, i.e., a deed or activity expending significant energy (2Sa 23:20); 2. LN 57.172–57.177 wages, income, i.e., money or compensation for work that is accomplished (Job 7:2); 3. LN 42.29–42.40 work, crafted thing, i.e., an object that has been made and fashioned, as the result or product of labor (Isa 45:11); 4. LN 57.55–57.70 acquisition, accumulation, i.e., the obtaining of something, implying an effort (whether moral or not moral) (Pr 21:6)

7190 פְּעֻלָּה (peʿǔl·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6468; TWOT 1792b—1. LN 42.7–42.28 work, labor, i.e., a deed or action expending considerable energy (2Ch 15:7; Ps 17:4; 28:5; Isa 65:7; Jer 31:16+); 2. LN 57.172–57.177 wages, income, i.e., money or compensation for work that is accomplished (Lev 19:13; Pr 10:16; 11:18+); 3. LN 38 recompense, just due, proper pay-back, i.e., a response to a situation by an authority, giving a just response to a completion or violation of a principle or command (Ps 109:20; Isa 40:10; 49:4; 61:8; 62:11; Eze 29:20+), note: context may be either a reward or a punishment

7191 פְּעֻלְּתַי (peʿǔl·leṯǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6469;—LN 93-pers. (male) Peullethai: gatekeeper in the time of David (1Ch 26:5+)

פּעם (pʿm) or פעם (pʿm): see 7192

7192 פָּעַם (pā·ʿǎm): v.; ≡ Str 6470; TWOT 1793—1. LN 57.71–57.124 (qal) endow, bestow, grant, formally, push or impel, i.e., to give an object or benefit to someone (Jdg 13:25+); 2. LN 25.223–25.250 (nif) be troubled, be disturbed, i.e., be in a mental state of distress and worry relating to a situation (Ge 41:8; Ps 77:5[EB 4]; Da 2:3+); (hitp) be troubled (Da 2:1+)

7193 פַּעַם (pǎ·ʿǎm): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6471; TWOT 1793a—1. LN 41.29–41.43 conduct one’s life, formally, step or footstep, i.e., the patterns of behavior as a figurative extension of a stepping of a foot forward (Ps 74:3; 85:14[EB 13]; 119:133); 2. LN 67.17–67.64 now, at last, once more, i.e., an event which happens in a time sequence, with reference to other points of time (Ge 2:23; 46:30; Ex 10:17; Jdg 16:18); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 occurrence, instance, an encounter, i.e., a time or instance of a happening (Ge 27:36); 4. LN 8.49 foot, feet, i.e., the end part of a vertebrate’s leg (Jdg 5:28; 2Ki 19:24; Ps 17:5; 57:7[EB 6]; 58:11[EB 10]; 140:5[EB 4]; Pr 29:5; SS 7:2[EB 1]; Isa 37:25); 5. LN 7.63–7.76 base, foundation, pedestal, formally, foot, i.e., the bottom part of the extension of a leg on raised construction like a box or table (Ex 25:12; 37:3); 6. LN 6.215–6.225 anvil, i.e., a hard metal block base for hammering other metal objects (Isa 41:7+); 7. LN 63.13–63.20 part, portion, unit, i.e., a single occurrence of an object as a part of a larger thing (1Ki 7:5; Eze 41:6); 8. LN 41.25–41.28 unit: ךְּ־ פַּעַם בְּ־ פַּעַם (k- pǎ·ʿǎm b- pǎ·ʿǎm) customarily, as usual, formally, as time on time, i.e., pertaining to performing a behavior as habit or custom (Nu 24:1)

7194 פַּעֲמוֹן (pǎ·ʿǎmôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6472; TWOT 1793b—LN 6.188–6.196 bell, i.e., a hollow metallic device that makes a noise when shaken or struck (Ex 28:33, 34; 39:25,26+), note: it functioned both as an ornamental piece, but had the function of announcing the arrival of a priest into deities presence

פַּעֲמֹן (pǎ·ʿǎmōn) Lisowsky: see 7194

7195 פַּעְנֵחַ (pǎʿ·nēaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6847;—LN 93-pers. (male) Paneah: part of a compound name, Zaphenath-Paneah, see 7624

פַּעֲנֵחַ (pǎ·ʿǎnēaḥ) BDB: see 7195

פּער (pʿr) or פער (pʿr): see 7196

7196 פָּעַר (pā·ʿǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6473; TWOT 1794—LN 16 (qal) open wide, i.e., the act. of separating the jaw and lips wide for the passage of words or substances (Job 16:10; 29:23; Ps 119:131; Isa 5:14+)

7197 פַּעֲרַי (pǎ·ʿǎrǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6474;—LN 93-pers. (male) Paarai: great warrior for David (2Sa 23:35+), cf. also 5858

פּצה (pṣh) or פצה (pṣh): see 7198

7198 פָּצָה (pā·ṣā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6475; TWOT 1795—1. LN 16 (qal) open, open wide, i.e., the act. of separating the jaw and lips wide for the passage of words or substances (Ps 22:14[EB 13]; Isa 10:14+); 2. LN 21.17–21.24 (qal) deliver, set free from a dangerous situation, and so cause to be safe (Ps 144:7, 10, 11+); 3. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) split open, i.e., the act. of earth separating as a fissure in the earth, caused by earthquake or supernatural action (Nu 16:30; Dt 11:6+); 4. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: פָּצָה פֶּה (pā·ṣā(h) pě(h)) (qal) speak, formally, open the mouth, i.e., make a communication with words (Jdg 11:35, 36; Job 35:16; Ps 66:14; La 2:16; 3:46+); 5. LN 36.12–36.30 unit: פָּצָה פֶּה (pā·ṣā(h) pě(h)) (qal) accept, formally, open the mouth, i.e., obey a command or principle as a figurative extension of eating food and so internalize (Eze 2:8+); 6. LN 37.1–37.32 unit: פָּצָה פֶּה (pā·ṣā(h) pě(h)) exercise authority over, snatch, formally, open the mouth, i.e., to control or restrain a person as a figurative extension of prey in the jaws of a predator (Ge 4:11+)

פּצח (pṣḥ)[1] or I. פצח (pṣḥ): see 7199

פּצח (pṣḥ)[2] or II. פצח (pṣḥ): see 7200

7199 I. פָּצַח (pā·ṣǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6476; TWOT 1796—LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) be serene, i.e., be in a peaceful state which has an absence of worry or distress (Ps 98:4; Isa 14:7; 44:23; 49:13; 52:9; 54:1; 55:12+), note: for another interp based in a different etymology, see 7200

7200 II. פָּצַח (pā·ṣǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6476; TWOT 1796—1. LN 68.1–68.10 (qal) begin, formally, break forth, burst forth, i.e., have an activity begin or start, with a focus on great zeal and extensive energy, as a figurative extension of a mass bursting forth from too much pressure (Ps 98:4; Isa 14:7; 44:23; 49:13; 52:9; 54:1; 55:12+), note: for another interp, see 7199; 2. LN 19.34–19.42 (piel) break, shatter, i.e., have an object break in pieces due to physical impact (Mic 3:3+)

7201 פְּצִירָה (peṣî·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6477; TWOT 1801a—LN 79.104–79.109 sharpening, i.e., the state or condition of having a keen, thin edge, and so be usable for certain cutting tasks (1Sa 13:21+)

פּצל (pṣl) or פצל (pṣl): see 7202

7202 פָּצַל (pā·ṣǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6478; TWOT 1797—LN 19.27–19.33 (piel) debark, i.e., peel bark off a plant or tree, i.e., tear a layer off something (Ge 30:37, 38+)

פְּצָלָה (peṣā·lā(h)) BDB: see 7203

7203 פְּצָלוֹת (peṣā·lôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 6479; TWOT 1797a—LN 3.47–3.59 peelings, i.e., a thin outer layer of organic material taken off plants or fruits of plants (Ge 30:37+), note: in context a “white stripe” pattern was possibly made from these peelings

פּצם (pṣm) or פצם (pṣm): see 7204

7204 פָּצַם (pā·ṣǎm): v.; ≡ Str 6480; TWOT 1798—LN 19.27–19.33 (qal pf.) split, tear, i.e., the renting or cracking of an object into at least two parts (Ps 60:4[EB 2]+)

פּצע (pṣʿ) or פצע (pṣʿ): see 7205

7205 פָּצַע (pā·ṣǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 6481; TWOT 1799—1. LN 20.12–20.30 (qal) wound, bruise, i.e., the act. of physically injuring of the body, which can be accomplished by many means, often striking or hitting (1Ki 20:37; SS 5:7+); 2. LN 23.46–23.60 (qal pass.) be emasculated, i.e., pertaining to the loss of virility or procreative power which may include actual castration (removal of testes) or virtual castration (testes mortally injured) (Dt 23:2[EB 1]+)

7206 פֶּצַע (pě·ṣǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6482; TWOT 1799a—LN 20.12–20.30 wound, bruise, i.e., the condition or state of having a physical injury, which can be accomplished by many means, often striking or hitting (Ge 4:23; Ex 21:25; Job 9:17; Pr 20:30; 23:29; 27:6; Isa 1:6+)

פּצץ (pṣṣ) or פצץ (pṣṣ): see 7207

7207 פָּצַץ (pā·ṣǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 6327; TWOT 1745—LN 19.34–19.42 (polel) shatter, break to pieces, i.e., to break an object into two or more parts (Jer 23:29+); (pilpel) crush, smash (Job 16:12+); (hitpolel) shattered, crumbled, i.e., pertaining to a breaking apart by a decomposing action (Hab 3:6+)

7208 פַּצֵּץ (pǎṣ·ṣēṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1048;—LN 93-place (loc.) Pazzez: part of a compound name, Beth Pazzez Zophim, see 1122

7209 פִּצֵּץ (piṣ·ṣēṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6483;—LN 93-pers. (male) (1Ch 24:15+), see 2204

פּצר (pṣr) or פצר (pṣr): see 7210

7210 פָּצַר (pā·ṣǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6484; TWOT 1801—1. LN 33.319–33.322 (qal) insist, persuade, urge, i.e., bring pressure through words, and so compel some action (Ge 19:3, 9; 33:11; Jdg 19:7; 2Ki 2:17; 5:16+); 2. LN 88.206–88.222 (hif inf.) display arrogance, show presumption, i.e., the state or condition of haughty and proud behavior, so insisting on one’s own way (1Sa 15:23+)

7211 פִּק (piq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6375; TWOT 1747b—LN 16 staggering, stumbling, tottering, i.e., the unstable wobbling, reeling, motion of a person or object, as a trembling motion that might threaten collapse or falling (Na 2:11[EB 10]+)

פּקד (pqd) or פקד (pqd): see 7212

7212 פָּקַד (pā·qǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 6485; TWOT 1802—1. LN 60.1–60.9 (qal) count, number, inventory, take stock, i.e., use numbers to determine a quantity of objects (Nu 1:19), note: when related to the writing down of the counts as an official registry, see also domain LN 33.35–33.68; (qal pass.) be counted, be numbered, be listed (Ex 30:12, 13); (pual) recorded, counted (Ex 38:21+); (hitp) counted, inventoried (Jdg 21:9+); (hotpaal) be counted, reckoned (Nu 1:47; 2:33; 26:62+); 2. LN 15.123–15.134 (qal) muster, draft, summon, i.e., cause a number of persons to gather as a formal, organized gathering (1Sa 11:8), note: in context a military gathering, see also domain LN 55.7–55.13; (piel) muster (Isa 13:4+); (nif) called to arms (Eze 38:8+); (pual) summoned, i.e., called to a place (Isa 38:10+), note: NIV translates “be robbed”; (hitp) mustered, mobilized (Jdg 20:15,17+); (hotpaal) be mustered (1Ki 20:27+); 3. LN 37.96–37.107 (qal) appoint, assign, i.e., give a role or function to another, as a formal responsibility, implying authority to the one put in charge (Nu 3:10); (qal pass.) be in charge, lead, supervise (Nu 31:14, 48; 2Ki 11:15; 12:12; 2Ch 23:14); (nif) appointed (Ne 7:1; 12:44+); (hif) appoint, assign, implying being put in charge or causing to supervise (Ge 39:4); (hof) be appointed (2Ki 12:12[EB 11]; 22:5, 9; 2Ch 34:10, 12, 17+); 4. LN 38.1–38.13 (qal) punish, visit upon, i.e., act. in a manner that inflicts hardship or pain to an object, implying guilt on the part of the object (1Sa 15:2); (nif) punished (Isa 24:22+); (hof) punished (Jer 6:6+); 5. LN 85.32–85.54 (qal) place, put, i.e., set an object in a place (2Ki 5:24); (hif) place, put (Jer 36:20); 6. LN 80.1–80.4 (qal) be missing, empty, lack, i.e., not occupy a space (1Sa 20:6); (nif) missing (Nu 31:49; Jdg 21:3; 1Sa 20:18,25, 27; 25:7, 21; 2Sa 2:30; 1Ki 20:39; 2Ki 10:19; Jer 23:4+); 7. LN 35.36–35.46 (qal) care for, come to aid, watch over, i.e., help someone in a manner that shows concern and help in a difficult circumstance (Ge 21:1; 50:24; ), note: in some contexts this may be a reward or recompense, see also domain LN 38.14–38.20; 8. LN 34.50–34.52 (qal) visit, i.e., go and see a person with a friendly intent (Jdg 15:1); 9. LN 30.108–30.122 (qal) examine, i.e., to evaluate and judge a situation or person based on detailed information (Ps 17:3); 10. LN 35.47–35.50 (hif) commit, entrust, i.e., put an object into the care of another (Ps 31:6[EB 5]); (hof) entrusted (Lev 5:23[EB 6:4]+); 11. LN 90.56–90.84 (nif) happen, experience, i.e., personally go through an event that happens (Nu 16:29; Isa 29:6; Pr 19:23+), note: for another parsing as n.masc. in Nu 4:49; 7:2, see 7217; note: Jer 6:6 cj, see 7227

7213 פְּקֻדָּה (peqǔd·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6486; TWOT 1802a—1. LN 37.35–37.47 appointment, assignment, responsibility, charge, i.e., the naming of a person officially to task or office, implying the exercising of authority, leadership, and responsibility (Nu 3:32); 2. LN 38 punishment, judgment, a visitation, reckoning, i.e., the state of imposition of a penalty for an offense or violation (Jer 8:12); 3. LN 35.36–35.46 providence, care, i.e., the gracious oversight of God over his creation, implying concern (Nu 16:29; Job 10:12); 4. LN 65.1–65.16 cache, store of goods, i.e., an accumulation of valued items (Isa 15:7); 5. LN 33.35–33.68 enrollment, muster, i.e., the written record listing members of a group (2Ch 17:14; 26:11); 6. LN 7.2–7.25 unit: בַּיִת הַ־ פְּקֻדָּה (bǎ·yiṯ hǎ- peqǔd·dā(h)) prison, formally, house of the punishment, i.e., a place of detention (Jer 52:11)

7214 פִּקָּדוֹן (piq·qā·ḏôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6487; TWOT 1802f—LN 35.47–35.50 something entrusted, i.e., an item in the care of another, implying a later use of that object by the original owner (Ge 41:36; Lev 5:21[EB 6:2],23[EB 6:4]+)

7215 פְּקִדֻת (peqi·ḏǔṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6488; TWOT 1802d—1. LN 37.35–37.47 oversight, charge, i.e., the state or condition of having authority (Jer 37:13+); 2. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: בַּעַל פְּקִדֻת (bǎ·ʿǎl peqi·ḏǔṯ) captain of the guard, formally, lord of the oversight, i.e., one in charge of soldiers who guard the city (Jer 37:13+)

7216 פְּקוֹד (peqôḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6489;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Pekod: Aramean tribe living in Pekod (Eze 23:23+), see also 7216.5

פְּקוֹד (peqôḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6489;—LN 93-place (terr) Pekod: area on the Lower Tigris River (Jer 50:21+), see also 7216

7217 פְּקוּדִים (peqû·ḏîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 6485; TWOT 1802—LN 33.35–33.68 accounting, mustering, enrollment, i.e., a written record of the listing of persons or materials (Ex 38:21+), note: for another parsing of qal pass. in Nu 4:49; 7:2, see 7212

7218 פִּקּוּדִים (piq·qû·ḏîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6490; TWOT 1802e—LN 33.333–33.342 precepts, directions, regulation, i.e., a principle instructing to do a certain action, which is to be obeyed by all in same society of the covenant (Ps 19:9[EB 8]; 103:18; 111:7; 119:4, 15, 27, 40, 45, 56, 63, 69, 78, 87, 93, 94,100,104,110,128,134,141,159,168,173+)

פַּקּוּעָה (pǎq·qû·ʿā(h)) Lisowsky: see 7226

פּקח (pqḥ) or פקח (pqḥ): see 7219

7219 פָּקַח (pā·qǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6491; TWOT 1803—1. LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) see, formally, open, i.e., be able to use the sight gate to perceive objects and so make judgments and decisions, as a figurative extension of the non-linear motion of lifting up a closed eyelid (Ge 21:19; 2Ki 4:35; 6:17, 20; 19:16; Job 14:3; 27:19; Ps 146:8; Pr 20:13; Isa 37:17; 42:7; Da 9:18; Zec 12:4+), note: this can have associative meanings of being watchful, diligent, or responsive; (qal pass.) be opened (Jer 32:19+); (nif) opened (Isa 35:5+); 2. LN 24.52–24.70 (qal) hear, formally, open, i.e., be able to use the hearing gate as a sensory perception (Isa 42:20+); 3. LN 32.1–32.10 (nif) understand, formally, open, i.e., comprehend or have insight into something secret (Ge 3:5, 7+)

7220 פֶּקַח (pě·qǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6492;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pekah: king of the northern kingdom of Israel (2Ki 15:25–16:5 passim; 2Ch 28:6; Isa 7:1+)

7221 פִּקֵּחַ (piq·qēaḥ): adj.; ≡ Str 6493; TWOT 1803a—1. LN 24.1–24.51 sighted, i.e., pertaining to having the normal sense of sight (Ex 4:11+); 2. LN 32.1–32.10 sensible, understanding, formally, sighted, i.e., pertaining to a person with discernment and insight as a figurative extension of someone able to see normally (Ex 23:8+)

7222 פְּקַחְיָה (peqǎḥ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6494;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pekahiah: king of the northern kingdom of Israel (2Ki 15:22, 23, 26+)

7223 פְּקַח־קוֹחַ (peqǎḥ-·qôaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6495; TWOT 1803b—LN 37.127–37.138 release, formally, opening, i.e., the freeing of a prisoner from another’s control, implying a coming into a lighted area (Isa 61:1+), note: some sources more specifically give meaning as “recovery of sight” for blind, see also domain LN 24.42

7224 פָּקִיד (pā·qîḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6496; TWOT 1802c—LN 37.48–37.95 chief officer, supervisor, commissioner, i.e., one in charge of persons or responsibilities, and so be a ruler or governor (Ge 41:34; Jdg 9:28; 2Ki 25:19; 2Ch 24:11; 31:13; Ne 11:9, 14, 22; 12:42; Est 2:3; Jer 20:1; 29:26; 52:25+)

7225 פְּקָעִים (peqā·ʿîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 6497; TWOT 1804a—LN 6.188–6.196 gourds, i.e., gourds-shaped ornaments which are cast or carved (1Ki 6:18; 7:24+)

7226 פַּקֻּעֹת (pǎq·qǔ·ʿōṯ): n.[fem.] pl.; ≡ Str 6498; TWOT 1804b—LN 3.33–3.46 wild gourd, i.e., the generally hard-rind fruit of tendril bearing plant (2Ki 4:39+), note: some sources specifically identify as colocynth, Citrullus colocynthis vulgaris, as a spongy fruit used as a purging medicine

7227 פֶּקֶר (pě·qěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6485; TWOT 1802—LN 88.262–88.270 licentiousness, i.e., a state of lacking all moral restraint (Jer 6:6 cj+), note: for MT text, see 7212 hof; note: see also BHS ftn for another cj

7228 פַּר (pǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6499; TWOT 1831a—LN 4.1–4.37 bull, i.e., an adolescent (one or more years old) to fully-mature male bovine, usually inferred to not be castrated (1Sa 1:24), note: if in context it is castrated, then translate “steer, ox;” note: for NIV text in Hos 14:3[EB 2], see 7262; note: cf. also 7239

פּרא (prʾ) or פרא (prʾ): see 7229

7229 פָּרָא (pā·rā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 6500; TWOT 1805—LN 23.197–23.204 (hif) thrive in fruitfulness (Hos 13:15+), note: see also 7238

7230 פֶּרֶא (pě·rě(ʾ)): n.masc. and fem.; ≡ Str 6501; TWOT 1805a—LN 4.1–4.37 wild donkey, wild ass, onager, i.e., an Asian mammal related to the horse, usually with a black stripe somewhere down the back, Equus hemionus onager (Ge 16:12; Job 6:5; 11:12; 24:5; 39:5; Ps 104:11; Isa 32:14; Jer 14:6; Hos 8:9+), note: some sources identify as a zebra, i.e., an African mammal related to the horse, Equus grevyi oustalet (or possibly other zebra species), with extensive stripe pattern, see also 7241

7231 פִּרְאָם (pir·ʾām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6502;—LN 93-pers. (male) Piram: king of the city of Jarmuth (Jos 10:3+)

פֹּרֹאת (pō·rō(ʾ)ṯ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 6997

7232 פַּרְבָּר (pǎr·bār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6503;—LN 7.54–7.56 court, i.e., an enclosed area, often with walls but no roof, and so an open construction (1Ch 26:18+), see also 7247

פּרד (prd) or פרד (prd): see 7233

7233 פָּרַד (pā·rǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 6504; TWOT 1806—1. LN 63.23–63.27 (nif) separated, divided, in parts, i.e., pertaining to whole becoming different sets or groups of a whole (Ge 2:10; 13:9, 11, 14; 25:23; Jdg 4:11; 2Sa 1:23+); (hif) separate out (Ge 30:40; Dt 32:8; Ru 1:17; 2Ki 2:11+); (hitp) be parted (Job 41:9[EB 17]; Ps 22:15[EB 14]+); 2. LN 15.135–15.140 (nif) spread out, dispersed, i.e., make linear movement from a central area to outer parts of an area (Ge 10:5, 32; Ne 4:13[EB 19]+); (pual) be scattered (Est 3:8+); (hitp) be scattered (Job 4:11; Ps 92:10[EB 9]+); 3. LN 34.1–34.21 (piel) consort with, i.e., be in an association with another, with a focus on physical presence of the two parties (Hos 4:14+); 4. LN 34.1–34.21 (nif) selfish, formally, isolated, i.e., pertaining to a person who is harsh with people and so either physically lives alone, or has little or no associations of a friendly kind, assumedly due to egocentrism (Pr 18:1; 19:4+); (hif) cause isolation, separates an association (Pr 16:28; 17:9; 18:18+); 5. LN 16 (qal pass.) be spread out, i.e., the non-linear movement of objects which are attached to a main body (Eze 1:11+)

7234 פֶּרֶד (pě·rěḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6505; TWOT 1807a—LN 4.1–4.37 mule, i.e., the male cross-breed usually of a male donkey and female horse (2Sa 13:29; 18:9; 1Ki 10:25; 18:5; 2Ki 5:17; 1Ch 12:41[EB 40]; 2Ch 9:24; Ezr 2:66; Ps 32:9; Isa 66:20; Eze 27:14; Zec 14:15+)

7235 פִּרְדָּה (pir·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6506; TWOT 1807b—LN 4.1–4.37 she-mule, i.e., the female cross-breed usually of a male donkey and female horse (1Ki 1:33, 38, 44+)

פְּרֻדָה (perǔ·ḏā(h)) BDB: see 7237

פְּרֻדוֹת (perǔ·ḏôṯ) Lisowsky: see 7237

7236 פַּרְדֵּס (pǎr·dēs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6508; TWOT 1808—LN 1.95–1.98 land reserve, garden, park, orchard, forest, i.e., land managed, preserved, and cultivated for growing of timber, fruit trees, and other spices plants and flowers (Ne 2:8; Ecc 2:5; SS 4:13+)

7237 פְּרֻדֹת (perǔ·ḏōṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6507; TWOT 1806a—LN 3.33–3.46 grain of seed, i.e., the fruit part of a plant that is planted for the next generation of grain (Joel 1:17+), note: some sources give meaning as “dried fig,” see also 4493 for the meaning of the clause

פּרה (prh) or פרה (prh): see 7238

7238 I. פָּרָה (pā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6509; TWOT 1809—1. LN 23.197–23.204 (qal) be fruitful, flourish, i.e., produce an offspring or harvest of the same kind in a successive generation, implying an abundance (Ge 1:22), note: Ge 49:22, see 7311; (hif) make fruitful (Ge 17:6, 20; 28:3; 41:52; 48:4; Lev 26:9; Ps 105:24+), note: see also 7229; 2. LN 3.47–3.59 unit: בֵּן פָּרָה (bēn pā·rā(h))1 fruitful vine, formally, son of a fruit-bearer, i.e., a very productive vine or bough producing fruit (Ge 49:22)

7239 II. פָּרָה (pā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6510; TWOT 1831b—LN 4.1–4.37 cow, i.e., an adolescent (one or more years old) to fully-mature female bovine (1Sa 6:7), note: when context has a young cow that has not calved, translate “heifer”, cf. also 7228

7240 III. פָּרָה (pā·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6511;—LN 93-place (loc.) Parah: town in Benjamin, (Jos 18:23+)

7241 פֶּרֶה (pě·rě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6501; TWOT 1805a—LN 4.1–4.37 wild donkey, wild ass, onager, i.e., an Asian mammal related to the horse, usually with a black stripe somewhere down the back, Equus hemionus onager (Jer 2:24+), note: some sources identify as a zebra, i.e., an African mammal related to the horse, Equus grevyi oustalet (or possibly other zebra species), with extensive stripe pattern, see also 7230

פֵּרָה (pē·rā(h)) Lisowsky: n.fem.—see 7249

7242 פֻּרָה (pǔ·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6513;—LN 93-pers. (male) Purah: servant of judge Gideon (Jdg 7:10, 11+)

7243 פְּרוּדָא (perû·ḏā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6514;—LN 93-pers. (male) Peruda: ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:55+), see also 7263

7244 פְּרוֹזִים (perô·zîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6519; TWOT 1812a—see 7253 (Est 9:19b K+)

פְּרוּזִים (perû·zîm) Lisowsky: see 7253

7245 פָּרוּחַ (pā·rûaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6515;—LN 93-pers. (male) Paruah: of Issachar, father of Solomon’s provisions officer (1Ki 4:17+)

7246 פַּרְוַיִם (pǎr·wǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6516;—LN 93-place (loc.) Parvaim: place with gold, possibly Arabian peninsula (2Ch 3:6+)

פַּרְוָיִם (pǎr·wā·yim) BDB: see 7246

7247 פַּרְוָר (pǎr·wār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6503;—LN 7.54–7.56 court, i.e., an enclosed area, often with walls but no roof, and so an open construction (2Ki 23:11+), see also 7232

7248 פָּרוּר (pā·rûr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6517; TWOT 1750b, 1810—LN 6.118–6.151 pot, cooking vessel, i.e., a container for holding liquid or mass for cooking (Nu 11:8; Jdg 6:19; 1Sa 2:14+)

פַּרְוָרִים (pǎr·wā·rîm) Lisowsky: see 7247

7249 פֵּרוֹת (pē·rôṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 2661; TWOT 714a—LN 1.51–1.59 pl. pit, i.e., a depression in the earth (Isa 2:20 K+), note: many sources consider this to not have meaning, so see for Q or cj, see 2923

7250 פָּרָז (pā·rāz): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6518; TWOT 1812—1. LN 55.14–55.22 (most versions) warrior, i.e., one who is a fighting soldier (Hab 3:14+), note: KB changes text to 7305; note: KJV, NKJV apparently translates 7252; 2. LN 37.48–37.95 (NAB, NEB, REB) princes, rulers, i.e., persons who rule or govern (Hab 3:14+), note: this verse is difficult to translate and understand, but likely “warriors” fits into context best

פֶּרֶז (pě·rěz) Holladay, BDB, Lisowsky: see 7250

פְּרָזָה (perā·zā(h)) BDB: see 7251, 7252, 7253

7251 פְּרָזוֹן (perā·zôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6520; TWOT 1812b—1. LN 55.14–55.22 warriors, i.e., fighting soldiers in an army (Jdg 5:7, 11+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 11.55–11.89 dwellers in the open country, i.e., people that live in unwalled villages (Jdg 5:7, 11+), note: editor thinks “warrior” is better contextual translation; see also 7252, 7253

7252 פְּרָזוֹת (perā·zôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 6519; TWOT 1812a—LN 1.86–1.87 rural, open country, i.e., land in contrast to densely populated city areas (Est 9:19b; Zec 2:8[EB 4]; Eze 38:11+), see also 7251, 7253

7253 פְּרָזִי (perā·zî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6521; TWOT 1812c—LN 1.86–1.87 rural, open country, i.e., land in contrast to densely populated city areas (Dt 3:5; 1Sa 6:18; Est 9:19a+), note: for K in Est 9:19a, see 7244; see also 7251, 7252

7254 פְּרִזִּי (periz·zî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6522;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Perizzite: pertaining to a group in the land of Palestine (Ge 13:7; 15:20; Ex 3:8; Jos 3:10; Ne 9:8)

פּרח (prḥ)[1] or I. פרח (prḥ): see 7255, 7257

פּרח (prḥ)[2] or II. פרח (prḥ): see 7256

7255 I. פָּרַח (pā·rǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6524; TWOT 1813, 1814, 1815—1. LN 23.188–23.196 (qal) sprout, blossom, flourish, thrive, i.e., have a plant be in a state of growth and maturity that can include the budding and blossoming of the fruit buds or flowers (Ge 40:10; Nu 17:20[EB 5],23[EB 8]; Ps 72:7; 92:8[EB 7],13[EB 12]; Pr 11:28; SS 6:11; 7:13[EB 12]; Isa 27:6; 35:1, 2; 66:14; Hos 14:6[EB 5],8[EB 7]; Hab 3:17+), note: in some contexts this refers to prosperity or a favorable state or circumstance, see also domain LN 59.48–59.61, LN 22.42–22.47; (hif) make flourish, bring to bud (Job 14:9; Ps 92:14[EB 13]; Pr 14:11; Isa 17:11; Eze 17:24+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) break out, i.e., have a medical condition happen, as a negative outbreak of disease or unhealthy condition, as a figurative extension of a plant growing and budding (Ex 9:9, 10; Lev 13:12,20, 25, 39, 42, 57; 14:43+); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) happen, formally, break out, i.e., have an event or state happen, with a focus that the event will become worse or more intense, as a figurative extension of the growth and budding of a plant (Eze 7:10; Hos 10:4+)

7256 II. פָּרַח (pā·rǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6524; TWOT 1813—LN 15.245 (qal ptcp. fem.) fly, i.e., pertaining to things that make linear motion in the air (Eze 13:20+), note: for parsing as a n.fem., see 7258.5

7257 III. פָּרַח (pā·rǎḥ): v.—see 7255

7258 פֶּרַח (pě·rǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6525; TWOT 1813a—1. LN 3.47–3.59 bud, i.e., the beginning stage of a blossom or shoot (Nu 17:23[EB 8]+); 2. LN 3.47–3.59 blossom, i.e., the flower of a seed plant, as the beginning of the fruit head growing (1Ki 7:26; Isa 5:24; 18:5; Na 1:4+); 3. LN 6.188–6.196 floral work, i.e., an ornamental carving or casting of buds, blossoms, and flowers (Ex 25:31, 33,34; 37:17, 19,20; Nu 8:4; 1Ki 7:49; 2Ch 4:5, 21+)

פְּרֹחָה (perō·ḥā(h)): n.[fem.] [oth qal act.ptcp.fem. of 7256]; ≡ Str 6525; TWOT 1813a—LN 4.38–4.46 (pl.) bird, i.e., a winged creature that flies (Eze 13:20+)

7259 פִּרְחַח (pir·ḥǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6526; TWOT 1813b—LN 11.1–11.11 group, i.e., a gathering of persons with common features (Job 30:12+), note: some versions emphasize the youth of the group, others translate with words that focus on the violent, chaotic nature of the group. Context may favor the youth focus of the meaning; (BDB, NASB) brood, offspring; (KJV) the youth; (NJB) brats; (Tanakh) mere striplings;; (NIV) tribe; (NKJV, ASV, RSV, NRSV) the rabble; (NEB, REB) mob; (Lisowsky) swarm?; (KB, Holladay) unexplained

פִּרְחָח (pir·ḥāḥ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 7259

פּרט (prṭ) or פרט (prṭ): see 7260

7260 פָּרַט (pā·rǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 6527; TWOT 1816—LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) improvise, ad-lib music, contrive or invent music, implying a thoughtful process (Am 6:5+), note: NIV, Lisowsky translates “strum”

7261 פֶּרֶט (pě·rěṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6528; TWOT 1816a—LN 3.33–3.46 fallen grapes, i.e., grape berries that are on the ground, having fallen off the plant stem (Lev 19:10+)

7262 פְּרִי (perî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6529; TWOT 1809a—1. LN 3.33–3.46 fruit, i.e., any produce from crop-bearing plants, shrubs, or trees (Ge 1:11); 2. LN 43 harvest, crops, i.e., what is harvested, viewed as a collective whole (Dt 7:13) note: for MT text in Hos 14:3[EB 2], see 7228; 3. LN 10.14–10.48 young, descendants, offspring, i.e., the young of a successive generation, animal or human (Dt 28:4; Ps 21:11[EB 10]); 4. LN 13.69–13.103 result, i.e., to cause results to exist (Isa 3:10; Hos 10:13; Am 6:12; Mic 7:13); 5. LN 42.7–42.28 deed, activity, i.e., the natural or logical result of what has been done (Pr 1:31); 6. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: פְּרִי בֶּטֶן (perî bě·ṭěn)1 children, formally, fruit of the womb, i.e., off-spring as a successive generation (Ge 30:2); 7. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: פְּרִי פֶּה (perî pě(h)) speech, formally, fruit of the lips, i.e., positive speech (Pr 12:14); 8. LN 57.189–57.208 unit: פְּרִי כַּף (perî kǎp̄) earnings, profit, formally, fruit of the palm, i.e., what is gained from labor or business (Pr 31:16); 9. LN 57.189–57.208 unit: פְּרִי יָד (perî yāḏ) earnings, profit, formally, fruit of the hand, i.e., what is gained from labor or business (Pr 31:31)

7263 פְּרִידָא (perî·ḏā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6514;—LN 93-pers. (male) Perida: ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 7:57+), see also 7243

7264 I. פָּרִיץ (pā·rîṣ): adj. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 6530; TWOT 1826b—LN 20.1–20.11 ferocious, rapacious, ravenous, i.e., pertaining to a violent, savage creature, implying death or destruction (Isa 35:9+), see also 7265

7265 II. פָּרִיץ (pā·rîṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6530; TWOT 1826b—1. LN 57.232–57.248 robber, i.e., a person who confronts and steals from another, implying actual or potential violence in the situation (Jer 7:11; Eze 7:22+), note: there may be overlap in verses and entries; 2. LN 20.1–20.11 violent one, i.e., a person harms another with physically destructive force, in any of a number of situations (Ps 17:4; Eze 18:10; Da 11:14+), see also 7264

7266 פֶּרֶךְ (pě·rěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6531; TWOT 1817a—LN 20.1–20.11 ruthlessness, brutality, i.e., a state of very violent and harsh behavior toward another (Ex 1:13, 14; Lev 25:43, 46, 53; Eze 34:4+)

7267 פָּרֹכֶת (pā·rō·ḵěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6532; TWOT 1818a—LN 6.152–6.187 curtain, i.e., a fabric divider made of plant material or animal hair (Ex 26:31, 33,35; 27:21; 30:6; 35:12; 36:35; 38:27; 39:34; 40:3, 21, 22, 26; Lev 4:6, 17; 16:2, 12, 15; 21:23; 24:3; Nu 4:5; 18:7; 2Ch 3:14+), note: sometimes a curtain is used for ornamental purposes also

פּרם (prm) or פרם (prm): see 7268

7268 פָּרַם (pā·rǎm): v.; ≡ Str 6533; TWOT 1819—LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) tear, rip up, i.e., split a more flexible object into two or more parts (Lev 10:6; 21:10+); (qal pass.) be torn (Lev 13:45+)

7269 פַּרְמַשְׁתָּא (pǎr·mǎš·tā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6534;—LN 93-pers. (male) Parmashta: son of Haman (Est 9:9+)

7270 פַּרְנָךְ (pǎr·nāḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6535;—LN 93-pers. (male) Parnach: of Zebulun (Nu 34:25+)

פּרס (prs) or פרס (prs): see 7271

7271 I. פָּרַס (pā·rǎs): v.; ≡ Str 6536; TWOT 1821—1. LN 57.71–57.124 (qal) offer food, share food, i.e., the act. of giving part of a meal or food supply to another in need (Isa 58:7; Jer 16:7+), note: see also domain LN 23.1–23.39, note: La 4:4; Mic 3:3 see also 7298; 2. LN 79.104–79.109 (hif) have a divided hoof, have split hoof, i.e., pertaining to having a shape of two toes on the feet of certain classes of animals (Lev 11:3, 4,5, 6, 7, 26; Dt 14:6, 7,8; Ps 69:32[EB 31]+)

7272 פֶּרֶס (pě·rěs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6538; TWOT 1821a—LN 4.38–4.46 large bird, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; (most versions vulture, i.e., a bird of prey or carrion, exact identification is unknown (Lev 11:13; Dt 14:12+); (ASV) gier-eagle; (KJV) ossifrage; (NEB, REB) black vulture; (NJB) griffon; (Lisowsky) lamb-vulture?; (Holladay, BDB) possibly great-bearded vulture, Gypa‰tus barbatus

7273 II. פָּרַס (pā·rǎs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6539; TWOT 1820—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Persian: people of the kingdom of Persia, the motherland in SW modern Iran (2Ch 36:20–23 passim; Ezr 1:1–9:9 passim; Est 1:3–19 passim; 10:2; Eze 27:10; 38:5; Da 8:20; 10:1–11:2 passim+)

7274 פַּרְסָה (pǎr·sā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6541; TWOT 1821b—LN 8.9–8.69 hoof, i.e., the curved covering of horn on the bottom of a mammal animal’s foot, corresponding to a nail or claw, as a single or split shape (Ex 10:26; Lev 11:3,4,5, 6, 7,26; Dt 14:6,7,8; Isa 5:28; Jer 47:3; Eze 26:11; 32:13; Mic 4:13; Zec 11:16+)

7275 פָּרְסִי (pār·sî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6542;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Persian: pertaining to Persia (Ne 12:22+), see 7273

פַּרְסִי (pǎr·sî) BDB: see 7275

פרע (prʿ): see 7276, 7277

7276 I. פָּרַע (pā·rǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 6544; TWOT 1822, 1823, 1824—LN 15.165–15.186 (qal) take the lead, i.e., move to the front of a group as a leader (Jdg 5:2+), note: some sources give meaning as “be unkept, be loose,” 7277

7277 II. פָּרַע (pā·rǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 6544; TWOT 1822—1. LN 39.42–39.44 (qal) be out of control, i.e., have a mob or group have no restraint in activities, implying open defiance of a known standard or authority (Ex 32:25b+); (qal pass.) be running wild (Ex 32:25a+); (nif) be unrestrained, be lawless (Pr 29:18+); (hif) cause disorder, promote wickedness (2Ch 28:19+); 2. LN 30.39–30.52 (qal) ignore, disregard, i.e., pay no attention or give no serious thought to proper actions or response (Pr 1:25; 8:33; 13:18; 15:32+); 3. LN 49 (qal) be unkept, i.e., pertaining to a state of the hair that ranges from wild and uncombed to merely long hair not bound in some fashion (Lev 10:6; 21:10; Nu 5:18+), note: used in some contexts as a signal of a diseased, possibly infectious person; (qal pass.) unkept (Lev 13:45+); 4. LN 34.40–34.41 (qal) avoid, i.e., keep away from an association as a figurative extension of not walking down a common trail or path (Pr 4:15+); 5. (hif) set free from, take away from, i.e., cease from an activity, as an extension of letting an object run free (Ex 5:4+); 6. LN 38.14–38.20 unit: לֹא פָּרַע (lō(ʾ) pā·rǎʿ)2 be just, formally, not be out of control, i.e., give recompense in a measured, just manner (Eze 24:14+), note: NIV translates “hold back,” apparently with the meaning of beginning an activity, see also domain LN 68.1–68.10, note: see also 7276

7278 I. פֶּרַע (pě·rǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6546; TWOT 1822a—LN 37.48–37.95 leader, i.e., one who is a ruler among people, implying authority (Dt 32:42; Jdg 5:2+), note: Lisowsky switches 1 & 2; note: some sources place these references under 7279

7279 II. פֶּרַע (pě·rǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6545; TWOT 1823a—LN 8.9–8.69 long hair, i.e., a collection of hair follicles on the head of great length compared to the social norm for a particular group, with two possible associative meanings; 1. long hair as a sign of consecration 2. long hair as a sign of wildness and violence (Nu 6:5; Eze 44:20+), note: some sources translate “loose, unbraided hair” and so unkeptness or wildness of the hairstyle and not the length

7280 III. פֶּרַע (pě·rǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6319;—LN 93-pers. (male) Phera: part of a compound name, Potiphera, see 7036

7281 פַּרְעֹה (pǎr·ʿō(h)): n.pr. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 6547, 6549; TWOT 1825—LN 93-pers. (male) Pharaoh: a title of Egyptian kings (Ex 6:27), note: the reference is always or usually to a person, or rather several persons throughout the history of Egypt

7282 I. פַּרְעֹשׁ (pǎr·ʿōš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6550; TWOT 1825.1—LN 4.47–4.50 flea, i.e., a small wingless, jumping insect, with a hard laterally compressed body, that is parasitic to warm-blooded creatures of the family Siphonaptera, with the associative meaning of being insignificant creature (1Sa 24:15[EB 14]; 26:20+), note: some sources specifically identify as Siphonaptera pulex irritans

7283 II. פַּרְעֹשׁ (pǎr·ʿōš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6551;—LN 93-pers. (male) Parosh: 1. ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel and Ezra (Ezr 2:3; 8:3; 10:25; Ne 7:8+) 2. ancestor of wall builder (Ne 3:25+), note: possibly same as 1. 3. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:15[EB 14]+)

7284 פִּרְעָתוֹן (pir·ʿā·ṯôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6552;—LN 93-place (loc.) Pirathon: hill-country town of Ephraim, (Jdg 12:15+), see also 7285

7285 פִּרְעָתוֹנִי (pir·ʿā·ṯô·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6553;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Pirathonite: pertaining to Pirathon (Jdg 12:13, 15; 2Sa 23:30; 1Ch 11:31; 27:14+), see also 7284

7286 פַּרְפַּר (pǎr·pǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6554;—LN 93-place (River) Pharpar: river of Damascus (2Ki 5:12+)

פּרץ (prṣ) or פרץ (prṣ): see 7287

7287 פָּרַץ (pā·rǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 6555; TWOT 1826—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) break down, i.e., destroy an object using impact (2Ki 14:13; 2Ch 20:37; 2Ch 24:7; 25:23; 26:6; Ne 3:35[EB 4:3]; Ps 80:13[EB 12]; 89:41[EB 40]; Ecc 3:3; 10:8; Isa 5:5; Mic 2:13), note: in some contexts, one may then invade the area that has been broken down; (qal pass.) be broken down (2Ch 32:5; Ne 2:13; 4:1[EB 7]; Pr 25:28+); (pual) be broken down (Ne 1:3+); 2. LN 39.1–39.12 (qal) be hostile, formally, break out, i.e., be in a state of opposition that may include harming or killing another (Ex 19:22, 24; 2Sa 5:20; 6:8; 1Ch 13:11; 14:11; 15:13; Job 16:14; Ps 60:3[EB 1]; Hos 4:2+); 3. LN 15.135–15.140 (qal) spread out, scatter, i.e., make linear movement from a central area to outer regions (Ge 28:14; Ex 1:12; 1Ch 13:2; 2Ch 11:23; 31:5; Job 1:10; Isa 54:3; Ps 106:29+); 4. LN 33.299–33.306 (qal) urge, i.e., speak in a way to encourage a particular type of behavior (1Sa 28:23; 2Sa 13:25, 27; 2Ki 5:23+); 5. LN 59.62–59.71 (qal) increase, i.e., have a larger number of a quantity of a collection or mass as an extension of the linear spreading out of herds and flocks, implying prosperity (Ge 30:30, 43; 1Ch 4:38; Pr 3:10; Hos 4:10+); 6. LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) be born birth, i.e., come out of the womb and so be born (Ge 38:29+); 7. LN 19.55 (qal) dig, i.e., cut a shaft in the ground (Job 28:4+); 8. LN 39.34–39.41 (hitp) rebel, break oneself away, i.e., to release oneself from the control of an authority as an act. of rebellion (1Sa 25:10+); 9. LN 59.1–59.10 (nif) common, formally, widespread, i.e., pertaining to having many of a kind of event as a figurative extension of scattering and dispersing objects over an area (1Sa 3:1+), note: some use another פּרץ (prṣ) root and translate “granted,” or “ordered;” the editor believes context best supports “many” or “common” as the translation equal

7288 I. פֶּרֶץ (pě·rěṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6556; TWOT 1826a—1. LN 19.34–19.42 breech, break through, go forth, i.e., the act. of coming forth, due to a fracture or breaking of an object or mass (Ge 38:29; 2Sa 5:20); 2. LN 7.59–7.62 gap, breech, break, i.e., a space in a wall that is ineffective because it is broken down, cracked, and crumbling (Ne 6:1); 3. LN 57.37–57.48 lacking, formally, gap, i.e., what is deficient and so a need, as a figurative extension of a breech in a wall (Jdg 21:15); 4. LN 88.171–88.191 wrath, anger, formally, a breaking forth, i.e., a very strong feeling of intense displeasure and antagonism (2Sa 6:8; 1Ch 13:11+); also, a part of a compound name, Perez Uzzah, see 7290, 7290.5, and Rimmon Perez, see 8236

7289 II. פֶּרֶץ (pě·rěṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6557;—LN 93-pers. (male) Perez: son of Judah-Tamar (Ge 38:29; Nu 26:20+), see also 7291

7290 פֶּרֶץ עֻזָּא (pě·rěṣ ʿǔz·zā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6560;—LN 93-place (loc.) Perez Uzzah: place somewhere west of Jerusalem (1Ch 13:11+), see also 7290.5

פֶּרֶץ עֻזָּה (pě·rěṣ ʿǔz·zā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6560;—LN 93-place (loc.) Perez Uzzah: place somewhere west of Jerusalem (2Sa 6:8+), see also 7290

7291 פַּרְצִי (pǎr·ṣî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6558;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Perezite: pertaining to Perez (Nu 26:20+), see also 7289, DBLGrk 5756

7292 פְּרָצִים (perā·ṣîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6559;—LN 93-place (a mountain) Perazim: place currently not known for certain, possibly Baal Perazim (Isa 28:21+); also, a part of a compound name, Baal Perazim, see 1262

פּרק (prq) or פרק (prq): see 7293

7293 פָּרַק (pā·rǎq): v.; ≡ Str 6561; TWOT 1828—1. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) shred, rip to pieces, i.e., tear an object to pieces using physical impact (Ps 7:3[EB 2]+); (piel) tear apart (1Ki 19:11; Zec 11:16+); 2. LN 37.127–37.138 (qal) free, release, formally, tear off, i.e., set one free from confinement or oppression (Ge 27:40; Ps 136:24; La 5:8+); 3. LN 49 (piel) take off, tear off, strip, i.e., remove clothing or ornaments from the body (Ex 32:2+); (hitp) take off from oneself (Ex 32:3, 24+); 4. LN 43 (piel) strip off, i.e., remove fruit from a plant or tree by a natural shriveling process of a dead plant or tree (Eze 19:12+)

7294 פֶּרֶק (pě·rěq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6563; TWOT 1828a—1. LN 1.99–1.105 crossroad, i.e., an intersection of two thoroughfares, and so a gathering area for travelers to meet (Ob 14+); 2. LN 57.232–57.248 plunder, i.e., the goods taken from another by force (Na 3:1+)

7295 פָּרָק (pā·rāq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6564; TWOT 1828b—LN 63.13–63.20 fragment, particle, i.e., a piece or part of a whole (Isa 65:4 K+), note; for Q, see 5348; note: Holladay translates “(impure) crumbled bread.”

פּרר (prr)[1] or I. פרר (prr): see 7296

פּרר (prr)[2] or II. פרר (prr): see 7297

7296 I. פָּרַר (pā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6565; TWOT 1829, 1830, 1831—1. LN 34.40–34.41 (hif) break, nullify, i.e., violate a treaty, covenant, or agreement and so be in a state of disassociation (Ge 17:14; Lev 26:15, 44; Nu 15:31; 30:9[EB 8],13[EB 12],14[EB 13],16[EB 15]; Dt 31:16, 20; Jdg 2:1; 1Ki 15:19; 2Ch 16:3; Ezr 9:14; Ps 119:126; Isa 24:5; 33:8; Jer 11:10; 14:21; 31:32; 33:20; Eze 16:59; 17:15, 16, 18, 19; 44:7; Zec 11:10, 14+); (hof) be broken, be revoked (Jer 33:21; Zec 11:11+); 2. LN 13.1–13.47 (hif) thwart, frustrate, foil, i.e., cause to fail in some measure a state or condition (2Sa 15:34; 17:14; Ezr 4:5; Ne 4:9[EB 15]; Job 5:12; 15:4; 40:8; Ps 33:10; 85:5[EB 4]; 89:34[EB 33]; Pr 15:22; Isa 14:27; 44:25+); (hof) be thwarted (Isa 8:10+); 3. LN 23.61–23.65 (hif) unaroused, formally, burst, i.e., pertaining to sexual desire that no longer occurs as a figurative extension of something that is broken (Ecc 12:5+), note: some parse Ps 33:10; 89:34[EB 33]; Eze 17:19 as 7051

7297 II. פָּרַר (pā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6565; TWOT 1829—1. LN 19.34–19.42 (qal) be split, i.e., break open an object by splitting or tearing in two parts (Isa 24:19a+); (polel) split open (Ps 74:13+); (hitpolel) split asunder (Isa 24:19b+); 2. LN 20.12–20.30 (pilpel) harm, injure, formally, shatter, i.e., to do violence or harm to an object as a figurative extension of shattering or physically splitting open an object (Job 16:12+)

פּרשׂ (prś) or פרשׂ (prś): see 7298, 7271

7298 פָּרַשׂ (pā·rǎś): v.; ≡ Str 6566; TWOT 1832—1. LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) scatter, spread out, i.e., make linear motion from a central location (any distance) outward to multiple points or as a mass covering, by casting, unrolling, etc. (2Ki 8:15), note: for a focus on linear, scattering motion, see also domain LN 15.135–15.140; (qal pass.) be spread out (Hos 5:1; Joel 2:2+); (nif) be scattered (Eze 17:21+); (piel) scatter, spread out (Ps 68:15[EB 14]; Zec 2:10[EB 6]+), note: this motion can be used to signal worship, or plea for help, or an act. of generosity; 2. LN 16 (qal) spread, i.e., the non-linear motion of spreading limbs from a main body, as extending from a source toward a goal (Ex 9:29); (qal pass.) be spread out (1Ki 8:54+); (piel) spread out (Ps 143:6; Isa 1:15; 25:11; 65:2; Jer 4:31; La 1:17+); 3. LN 28.28–28.56 (qal) make known, formally, spread out, i.e., make information or behavior known to others in a public manner, as a figurative extension of spreading out an object over a relatively large area (Pr 13:16); 4. LN 57.71–57.124 (qal) give, formally, spread, i.e., provide an object to another for their possession and use, as an extension of scattering an object to another place (La 4:4); 5. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) tear in pieces, formally, spread, i.e., use physical splitting and tearing action to make pieces of a single object, as an extension of spreading or scattering action of an object into other places (Mic 3:3); 6. LN 57.55–57.70 unit: יָד ־ֹו פָּרַשׂ (yāḏ ō-w pā·rǎś) (qal) possess, formally, spread the hand, i.e., have an object be in the possession and control of a subject, as a figurative extension of grasping an object with the hand (La 1:10), note: for MT text in Eze 34:12, see 7300

פרשׂז (prśz) Lisowsky: see 7299, 7308.5

7299 פַּרְשֵׂז (pǎr·śēz): v.; ≡ Str 6576; TWOT 1832—LN 79.114–79.117 (pilel inf. abs.) spread out, i.e., enlarging and extending an object and so covering an ever larger area (Job 26:9+); note: lexical form has four radicals

פרשׁ (prš): see 7300, 7301

פרשׁ (prš)[1] KB: see 7300, 7301

7300 I. פָּרַשׁ (pā·rǎš): v.; ≡ Str 6567; TWOT 1833, 1834—LN 28.28–28.56 (qal) make clear, i.e., make a declaration which makes information intelligible and lucid (Lev 24:12+); (nif) (Eze 34:12+), note: for NIV text in Eze 34:12, see 7298; (pual) be made clear (Nu 15:34; Ne 8:8+)

7301 II. פָּרַשׁ (pā·rǎš): v.; ≡ Str 6567; TWOT 1833—LN 19.14–19.26 (hif) secrete poison, i.e., bite into living object and put poison into another (Pr 23:32+)

7302 I. פֶּרֶשׁ (pě·rěš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6569; TWOT 1835a—LN 8.9–8.69 offal, i.e., the general viscera refuse from the innards of a butcher-dressed animal carcass, including stomach and intestinal matter (Ex 29:14; Lev 4:11; 8:17; 16:27; Nu 19:5; Mal 2:3+), note: some translate more specifically as “maw” or the contents of the stomach, and others “dung” as the refuse of the intestines

7303 II. פֶּרֶשׁ (pě·rěš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6570;—LN 93-pers. (male) Peresh: of Manasseh (1Ch 7:16+)

פָּרָשׁ (pā·rāš) KB, Lisowsky, Holladay: see 7304, 7305

7304 I. פָּרָשׁ (pā·rāš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6571; TWOT 1836a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 horse, i.e., a large mammal of the Equidae family, aggressive and used for military purposes (1Sa 8:11; 1Ki 1:5; 5:6[EB 4:26]; 9:19; 10:26; 2Ch 1:14; 8:6; 9:25; Isa 21:7, 9; 22:6; 28:28; Jer 46:4; Eze 26:10; 27:14+), note: there may be overlap in verses between here and 7305; 2. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: בַּעַל הַ־ פָּרָשׁ (bǎ·ʿǎl hǎ- pā·rāš)1 horse rider, formally, lord of the horse, i.e., a cavalry rider in an army (2Sa 1:6)

7305 II. פָּרָשׁ (pā·rāš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6571; TWOT 1836a—1. LN 55.14–55.22 horseman, charioteer, i.e., a military soldier who is an expert in fighting or riding on horses (as in a calvary), and commanding chariots drawn by horses (Ge 50:9), note: there may be overlap in verses between here and 7304; 2. LN 55.14–55.22 calvary, i.e., a portion of an army, with soldiers on horse, used for aggressive attack into lines of foot soldiers (Ne 2:9), note: for another NIV text in 2Sa 10:18, see 8081

7306 פַּרְשֶׁגֶן (pǎr·šě·ḡěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6572; TWOT 1837—LN 6.54–6.67 copy, i.e., a duplicate of an original written document (Ezr 7:11+), see also 10598

7307 פַּרְשְׁדֹן (pǎr·šeḏōn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6574; TWOT 1838—1. LN 7.63–7.76 (KB, Holladay, LXX) air-hole, i.e., a small hole or opening in a construction, which may be large enough for a mature adult to go through (Jdg 3:22+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 lower back, i.e., area opposite the front of body, which contains the entrails and viscera (Jdg 3:22+), note: NIV, “back;” ASV, NEB, REB, “behind.”; 3. LN 8.70–8.77 fresh dung, i.e., the refuse of the intestinal area processed in the body (Jdg 3:22+), note: KJV, RSV, NRSV, “dirt;” NKJV, “entrails;” NASB, “refuse;” Tanakh, “filth;” NJB, NAB? not translated; note: the editor thinks “air-hole” as an escape passage suits context the best

פַּרְשְׁדֹנָה (pǎr·šeḏō·nā(h)) BDB: see 7307

7308 פָּרָשָׁה (pā·rā·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6575; TWOT 1833a—1. LN 59 exact amount, i.e., a quantity which is precise and corresponding (Est 4:7+); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 full accounting, i.e., a complete written report of a person or events (Est 10:2+)

פרשׁז (pršz) Lisowsky, פּרשׁז (pršz) Holladay: v.—see 7299

פַּרְשֵׁז (pǎr·šēz) BDB: see 7299

7309 פַּרְשַׁנְדָּתָא (pǎr·šǎn·dā·ṯā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6577;—LN 93-pers. (male) Parshandatha: son of Haman (Est 9:7+)

7310 פְּרָת (perāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6578;—LN 93-place (River) 1. Euphrates: major river that flows from Turkey to the Persian Gulf (Ge 2:14; 15:18; Dt 1:7; 11:24; Jos 1:4; 2Sa 8:3; 2Ki 23:29; 24:7; 1Ch 5:9; 18:3; 2Ch 35:20; Jer 46:2, 6, 10; 51:63+), see also 5643.5 2. Perath: possibly a valley near Parah (Jer 13:4–7+), see 7240, note: some interp as another small river other than Euphrates, still others consider these references all as 1.

7311 פֹּרָת (pō·rāṯ): n.[fem.] [BDB, KB, Holladay: qal act.ptcp.fem. of 7238]; ≡ Str 6509; TWOT 1809—LN 3.47–3.59 unit: בֵּן פֹּרָת (bēn pō·rāṯ) budding vine, fruitful vine, i.e., a non-fruit part of the plant which has the clear potential of producing fruit, and so not a sucker vine (Ge 49:22+)

7312 פַּרְתְּמִים (pǎr·temîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 6579; TWOT 1839—LN 37.48–37.95 nobles, princes, i.e., persons associated with a ruling class (Est 1:3; 6:9; Da 1:3+)

פּשׂה (pśh) or פשׂה (pśh): see 7313

7313 פָּשָׂה (pā·śā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6581; TWOT 1840—LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) spread, i.e., to enlarge and extend an object and so cover an ever larger area (Lev 13:5–55 passim; 14:39, 44, 48+), see also LN 16

פּשׂע (pśʿ) or פשׂע (pśʿ): see 7314

7314 פָּשַׂע (pā·śǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 6585; TWOT 1841—LN 15.1–15.17 (qal impf.) step forth, set out, i.e., move in a forward motion, implying an action when the goal is reached (Isa 27:4+), note: NIV, “march.”

7315 פֶּשַׂע (pě·śǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6587; TWOT 1841a—LN 42.7–42.28 step, i.e., an increment of action between two states, as a figurative extension of a step as an increment of motion in space (1Sa 20:3+)

פּשׂק (pśq) or פשׂק (pśq): see 7316

7316 פָּשַׂק (pā·śǎq): v.; ≡ Str 6589; TWOT 1842—1. LN 16 (qal ptcp.) open, spread, i.e., a non-linear motion of pairs of body parts physically move farther apart (Pr 13:3+); (piel impf.) spread (Eze 16:25+); 2. LN 33.374–33.381 unit: (qal) פָּשַׂק שָׂפָה (pā·śǎq śā·p̄ā(h)) speak rashly, formally, open the lips, i.e., speak in foolish words (Pr 13:3+); 3. LN 23.61–23.65 unit: פָּשַׂק אֵת רֶגֶל (pā·śǎq ʾēṯ rě·ḡěl) perform sex act., formally, spread the feet, i.e., engage in the sex act. as a female (Eze 16:25+), note: in context this is an immoral act., see also domain LN 88.271–88.282

7317 פַּשׁ (pǎš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6580; TWOT 1843—LN 88.289–88.318 transgression, evil, wickedness, i.e., actions which are contrary to the morality of God and his covenant in a most general sense (Job 35:15+), note: some sources translate “arrogance, folly” as a more specific kind of evil, see also BHS ftn which suggests 7322

פּשׁח (pšḥ) or פשׁח (pšḥ): see 7318

7318 פָּשַׁח (pā·šǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6582; TWOT 1844—1. LN 19.27–19.33 (piel) mangle, tear in pieces, i.e., make a physical tearing motion to harm an object (La 3:11+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 68.34–68.57 (piel) leave alone, not help, formally, lie fallow, i.e., stop an activity, implying doing nothing to help a person, as a figurative extension of leaving fallow a piece of ground (La 3:11+), note: the editor holds a tearing or mangling action most logically follows the dragging in context

7319 פַּשְׁחוּר (pǎš·ḥûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6583;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pashhur: 1. priest who beat Jeremiah the prophet (Jer 20:1–6 passim+), see also 4474 2. father of Gedaliah the governor of Jerusalem (Jer 38:1a+) 3. son of Malkijah, he urged execution of Jeremiah (Jer 21:1; 38:1b; 1Ch 9:12; Ne 11:12) 4. ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:38; 10:22; Ne 7:41+) 5. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:4[EB 3]+)

פּשׁט (pšṭ) or פשׁט (pšṭ): see 7320

7320 פָּשַׁט (pā·šǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 6584; TWOT 1845—1. LN 49 (qal) take off, strip, i.e., remove clothing or adornings from the body (Lev 6:4[EB 11]; 16:23; 1Sa 19:24; Ne 4:17[EB 23]; SS 5:3; Isa 32:11; Eze 26:16; 44:19+); (piel) strip (1Sa 31:8; 2Sa 23:10; 1Ch 10:8+); (hif) take off, strip off (Ge 37:23; Nu 20:26, 28; 1Sa 31:9; 1Ch 10:9; Job 22:6; Eze 16:39; 23:26; Hos 2:5[EB 3]; Mic 2:8; 3:3+); (hitp) strip oneself (1Sa 18:4+); 2. LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) raid, advance against, make a sudden dash, i.e., make a military-style attack as a raiding party with a focus of taking of plunder and causing destruction (Jdg 9:33; 9:44; 20:37; 1Sa 23:27; 27:8, 10; 30:1, 14; 1Ch 14:9, 13; 2Ch 25:13; 28:18; Job 1:17; Hos 7:1+); 3. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) strip, i.e., split or tear off multiple objects from a source (Na 3:16+); 4. LN 90.85–90.97 (hif) strip, i.e., cause to no longer experience, as a figurative extension of taking clothing off the body (Job 19:9+); 5. LN 19.14–19.26 (hif) remove skin, i.e., cut and pull skin off a dead animal (Lev 1:6; 2Ch 29:34; 35:11+)

פּשׁע (pšʿ) or פשׁע (pšʿ): see 7321

7321 פָּשַׁע (pā·šǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 6586; TWOT 1846—1. LN 39.34–39.41 (qal) rebel, revolt, sin, transgress, i.e., be in open defiance of an authority or standard of an agreement (1Ki 8:50; 12:19; 2Ki 1:1; 3:5, 7; 8:20, 22; 2Ch 10:19; 21:8, 10; Ezr 10:13; Ps 37:38; 51:15[EB 13]; Pr 28:21; Isa 1:2, 28; 43:27; 46:8; 48:8; 53:12; 59:13; 66:24; Jer 2:8, 29; 3:13; 33:8; La 3:42; Eze 2:3; 18:31; 20:38; Da 8:23; Hos 7:13; 8:1; 14:10[EB 9]; Am 4:4; Zep 3:11+), note: when this rebellion is against God, it can be translated “sin” or “transgression”; 2. LN 88.167–88.170 (nif) revolted, offended, i.e., pertaining to being angry or indignant and so holding a grudge, as an extension of the meaning of being in open revolt to an authority (Pr 18:19+), see also domain LN 25

7322 פֶּשַׁע (pě·šǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6588; TWOT 1846a—1. LN 39.34–39.41 rebellion, revolt, i.e., to rise up in clear defiance to authority (1Sa 24:12); 2. LN 88.289–88.318 crime, sin, offence, fault, transgression, i.e., what is contrary to a standard, human or divine, with a focus on the rebellious nature of the sin (Ge 50:17)

7323 פֵּשֶׁר (pē·šěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6592; TWOT 1847—LN 33.134–33.155 explanation, interpretation, i.e., clarification of the meaning or significance of something (Ecc 8:1+)

7324 פֵּשֶׁת (pē·šěṯ): n.masc. [BDB: n.fem.]; ≡ Str 6593; TWOT 1848—1. LN 3.13–3.32 flax, i.e., a slender erect annual, with blue flowers, of the genus Linum (Jos 2:6; Jdg 15:14; Pr 31:13; Isa 19:9+), note: used for fiber and seed; 2. LN 6.152–6.187 linen, i.e., a cloth made of flax (Lev 13:47, 48, 52, 59; Dt 22:11; Jer 13:1; Eze 40:3; 44:17, 18; Hos 2:7[EB 5],11[EB 9]+), see also 7325

7325 פִּשְׁתָּה (piš·tā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6594; TWOT 1849—1. LN 3.13–3.32 flax, i.e., a slender erect annual, with blue flowers, of the genus Linum (Ex 9:31+); 2. LN 6.158 flax wick, i.e., a bundle of linen fibers for burning in oil lamps (Isa 42:3; 43:17+), see also 7324

7326 פַּת (pǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6595; TWOT 1862a—LN 5.1–5.22 morsel, scrap, crumbs, bit of food, i.e., a relatively small piece or portion of food in relation to a larger amount of a meal or food object (Ge 18:5; Lev 2:6; 6:14[EB 21]; Jdg 19:5; Ru 2:14; 1Sa 2:36; 28:22; 2Sa 12:3; 1Ki 17:11; Job 31:17; Ps 147:17; Pr 17:1; 23:8; 28:21+), note: see also domain LN 63.13–63.20; note: in Ps 147:17 is translated in NIV as “pebble”

7327 פֹּת (pōṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 6596; TWOT 1850—1. LN 8.9–8.69 forehead, i.e., the top front of the head above the eyebrows to some point well into the hairline (Isa 3:17+), note: NIV translates “scalp;” BDB suggests “private feminine parts;” note: the shaving of female head-hair has the associative meaning as a humiliating punishment; 2. LN 7.63–7.76 facade, i.e., the front, flat surface of a door which has an ornamental appearance over a more common underlying surface (1Ki 7:50+), see also 5159; note: NIV translates “door socket”

פִּתְאוֹם (piṯ·ʾôm): adv.—see 7328 (Ps 64:8[EB 7]+)

פְּתָאִים (peṯā·ʾîm): see 7343, 7344

פְּתָאיִם (peṯā(ʾ)·yim) BDB: see 7343, 7344

7328 פִּתְאֹם (piṯ·ʾōm): adv. [see also 7328.5]; ≡ Str 6597; TWOT 1859a—LN 67.113 suddenly, unexpectedly, all at once, in an instant, pertaining to an extremely short period of time for a state or event (Nu 12:4), see also 7353, 7353.5

פִּתְאֹם (piṯ·ʾōm): n.[masc.] [served by 7328]; ≡ Str 6597; TWOT 1859a—LN 67.113 suddenness, an instant, a flash, i.e., a state or condition of an extremely short period of time (Pr 3:25; Job 22:10; 2Ch 29:36+), see also 7353, 7353.5; note: sources differ in what is adv. and n.masc.

פַּת־ (pǎṯ-): see 7329

7329 פַּת־בַּג (pǎṯ-·bǎḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6598; TWOT 1851—LN 5.1–5.22 fine food, choice provisions, i.e., a good quality and fine tasting food (Da 1:5, 8, 13, 15, 16; 11:26+)

פַּתְבַּג (pǎṯ·bǎḡ): see 7329

7330 פִּתְגָם (piṯ·ḡām): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6599; TWOT 1852—1. LN 33.35–33.68 decree, edict, i.e., a written proclamation of a king’s command with a force of law (Est 1:20+); 2. LN 56.20–56.34 verdict, sentence, i.e., a formal ruling of a certain punishment for a crime (Ecc 8:11+)

פּתה (pth)[1] or I. פתה (pth): see 7331

פּתה (pth)[2] or II. פתה (pth): see 7332

7331 I. פָּתָה (pā·ṯā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6601; TWOT 1853—1. (qal) easily deceived, enticed, be simple, i.e., be in a state of holding a wrong view about a situation, implying the one deceived bears some responsibility as a kind of self-deception (Dt 11:16; Job 5:2; 31:27; Hos 7:11+), note: as a causation of deception or enticement, see also domain LN 88.289–88.318; (nif) deceived, be enticed (Job 31:9; Jer 20:7b+); (piel) entice, seduce, deceive, allure, coax (Ex 22:15[EB 16]; Jdg 14:15; 16:5; 2Sa 3:25; 1Ki 22:20, 21, 22; 2Ch 18:19, 20, 21; Ps 78:36; Pr 1:10; 16:29; 24:28; Jer 20:7a; Eze 14:9b; Hos 2:16[EB 14]+); (pual) deceived, be enticed, be persuaded (Pr 25:15; Jer 20:10; Eze 14:9a+); 2. LN 33.404–33.405 unit: (qal) פָּתָה שָׂפָה (pā·ṯā(h) śā·p̄ā(h)) speak glibly, talk too much, formally, speak simply, i.e., speak in a manner which may deliberately or inadvertently give harmful information about another, due to constantly speaking off the top of the head, carelessly or callously (Pr 20:19+)

7332 II. פָּתָה (pā·ṯā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6601; TWOT 1853—LN 59.62–59.71 (hif) provide ample space, make spacious, i.e., increase the quantity of a mass of land (Ge 9:27+), note: NIV translates as “extend the territory,” see also domain LN 81.15–81.19

7333 פְּתוּאֵל (peṯû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6602;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pethuel: father of the writing prophet Joel (Joel 1:1+)

7334 פִּתּוּחַ (pit·tûaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6603; TWOT 1855a—1. LN 33.35–33.68 engraving, inscription, i.e., the state or condition of a written communication on a hard surface (Ex 28:11, 21, 36; 39:6, 14, 30; Zec 3:9+); 2. LN 7.77–7.79 carved paneling, i.e., flat, finished wood material on the interior of a construction often with artistic designs (Ps 74:6+), note: see BHS ftn for alt. reading, 7339; 3. LN 19.43–19.54 carving, i.e., the purposeful result of the pressing, artistic motion of engraving with a sharp cutting tool on hard surfaces for ornaments (1Ki 6:29; 2Ch 2:6[EB 7],13[EB 14]+), note: see also domain LN 45

7335 פְּתוֹר (peṯôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6604;—LN 93-place (loc.) Pethor: place in Mesopotamia, the home of Balaam (Nu 22:5; Dt 23:5[EB 4]+)

7336 פְּתוֹת (peṯôṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6595; TWOT 1862a—LN 5.1–5.22 morsel, scrap, crumbs, bit of food, i.e., a relatively small piece or portion of food in relation to a larger amount of a meal or food object (Eze 13:19+)

פָּתוֹת (pā·ṯôṯ): see 7336

פּתח (ptḥ)[1] or I. פתח (ptḥ): see 7337

פּתח (ptḥ)[2] or II. פתח (ptḥ): see 7338

7337 I. פָּתַח (pā·ṯǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6605; TWOT 1854, 1855—1. LN 79.110–79.113 (qal) open, i.e., be in a position that allows movement or sight between two spaces (Ge 8:6), note: when opening the mouth, speech follows; when a womb is opened, pregnancy follows; (qal pass.) opened (Nu 19:15); (nif) be opened (Ge 7:11); (piel) open (Job 41:6[EB 14]; Isa 60:11); (hitp) free oneself (Isa 52:2+); 2. LN 24.52–24.70 (qal) hear, open, respond, formally, open, i.e., pay attention through the sensory input of hearing, implying obedience or proper action will follow (Isa 50:5); (nif) respond, unstopped (Isa 35:5); (piel) respond, hear (Isa 48:8); 3. LN 37.127–37.138 (qal) let go, formally, loosen, i.e., cause one to not be in the control or imprisonment of another (Isa 14:17); (nif) released, be freed (Job 12:14; Isa 51:14); (piel) free, release (Ps 102:21[EB 20]; 105:20; 116:16; Jer 40:4); 4. LN 16 (qal) draw out, reach out, i.e., the non-linear motion of objects spreading out, as an extension from a source (Ps 37:14); (qal pass.) reach out, draw out (Job 29:19; Eze 21:33[EB 28]); (piel) open (SS 7:13[EB 12]); 5. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) happen, poured on, formally, released upon, i.e., have an event happen as a figurative extension of opening a container and allowing the contents to pour out (Jer 1:14); (nif) happen (Jer 1:14); 6. LN 57.71–57.124 (qal) be generous, formally, open handed, i.e., be in a condition or state of giving many gifts (Dt 15:11); 7. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) flow, i.e., cause the movement of a mass, as an extension of being in an open position and so allowing the movement of a mass or collection between two spaces (Isa 41:18); 8. LN 24.1–24.51 (qal pass.) see, i.e., pertaining to viewing an object with the sight gate, implying care and responsive concern for the object viewed (1Ki 8:52); 9. LN 33.35–33.68 (qal pass.) unsealed, formally, opened, i.e., pertaining to a written document not having a mark or impression made by a seal or wax stamp (Ne 6:5); 10. LN 18.12–18.23 (nif) loosened (Isa 5:27); (piel) unfasten, unstring, i.e., unattach or unfasten an object from another object (Job 30:11); 11. LN 44 (piel) unload, formally, loosen, i.e., take objects off a pack animal for a rest period (Ge 24:32); 12. LN 49 (piel) take off, i.e., remove objects off the body such as clothing, armor, or adornments (1Ki 20:11; Ps 30:12; Isa 45:1); 13. LN 43 (piel) break up, i.e., use physical impact to crumble or cut up packed dirt for planting (Isa 28:24), see also domain LN 19.34–19.42

7338 II. פָּתַח (pā·ṯǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6605; TWOT 1854—1. LN 33.35–33.68 (piel) engrave, i.e., a carved written communication on a hard surface (Ex 28:9, 11, 36; Zec 3:9+); (pual ptcp.) be engraved (Ex 39:6+); 2. LN 19.43–19.54 (piel) carve, i.e., the purposeful pressing artistic motion of engraving with a sharp cutting tool on hard surfaces for ornaments (1Ki 7:36; 2Ch 2:6[EB 7],13[EB 14]; 3:7+), note: see also domain LN 45

7339 פֶּתַח (pě·ṯǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6607; TWOT 1854a—LN 7.26–7.53 doorway, opening, door, i.e., the portal or entrance way in and out of a space, often a construction, but including other larger areas (2Sa 10:8; 11:9), note: for NIV text in Mic 5:5[EB 6], see 7339

7340 פֵּתַח (pē·ṯǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6608; TWOT 1854b—LN 28.28–28.56 revelation, formally, opening, unfolding, i.e., the disclosure of knowledge or an understanding of something difficult as a figurative extension of the opening or doorway of an entrance (Ps 119:130+)

פְּתִחָה (peṯi·ḥā(h)) Holladay: see 7347 (Ps 55:22[EB 21]+)

פִּתְחוֹן (piṯ·ḥôn) BDB: see 7341

7341 פִּתָּחוֹן (pit·tā·ḥôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6610; TWOT 1854c—1. LN 16 opening, i.e., the non-linear movement of pairs of the body (lips, hands, feet) extending away from each other wider and wider (Eze 16:63; 29:21+); 2. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: פִּתָּחוֹן פֶּה (pit·tā·ḥôn pě(h)) speak, formally, open the mouth, i.e., the act. of communication (Eze 16:63; 29:21+)

פְּתִחוֹת (peṯi·ḥôṯ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 7347

7342 פְּתַחְיָה (peṯǎḥ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6611;—LN 93-pers. (male) Pethahiah: 1. priest of the 19th course (1Ch 24:16+) 2. divorcee of a foreign wife(Ezr 10:23+) 3. Levite in the time of Ezra (Ne 9:5+) 4. Levite overseer in the time of Nehemiah (Ne 11:24+)

פְּתִי (peṯî) BDB: see 7344

7343 I. פֶּתִי (pě·ṯî): adj. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 6612; TWOT 1853a—LN 32.19–32.23 simple, na‹ve, i.e., pertaining to persons that are easily deceived or persuaded, showing lack of wisdom and understanding, yet having some capacity to change this condition (Ps 19:8[EB 7]; 116:6; 119:130; Pr 1:4, 22, 32; 7:7; 8:5; 9:4, 16; 14:15, 18; 19:25; 21:11; 22:3; 27:12+), note: see also 7344

7344 II. פֶּתִי (pě·ṯî): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6612; TWOT 1853a—LN 32.19–32.23 simplemindedness, i.e., the state or condition of being of simple ways, implying ignorance and a difficulty in understanding (Pr 1:22+), note: there may be overlap in verses with 7343

7345 פְּתִיגִיל (peṯî·ḡîl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6614; TWOT 1856—LN 6.152–6.187 fine clothing, choice garment, i.e., a tunic or robe of good quality and high value, implied to be worn at a joyful occasion such as a festival (Isa 3:24+), note: some sources think context is better suited to a fancy belt or ornamental girdle around the waist

7346 פְּתַיּוּת (peṯǎy·yûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6615; TWOT 1853a—LN 32.19–32.23 simplemindedness, i.e., the state or condition of being of simple, na‹ve ways, implying ignorance and a difficulty in understanding (Pr 9:13+), note: NIV, “undisciplined”

7347 פְּתִיחָה (peṯî·ḥā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 6609; TWOT 1854d—LN 55.2–55.6 drawn sword, i.e., the state or condition in which a sword is out of its sheath, implying a readiness to destructive, threatening action (Ps 55:22[EB 21]+; Mic 5:5[EB 6](NIV), note: for MT text in Mic., see 7339)

7348 פָּתִיל (pā·ṯîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6616; TWOT 1857a—1. LN 6.14–6.22 cord, string, i.e., a braided, twisted, or woven, flexible rope, of a relatively small diameter, usually with uses for binding or fastening (Ge 38:18, 25; Ex 28:28, 37; 39:21, 31; Nu 15:38; 19:15; Jdg 16:9; Eze 40:3+); 2. LN 6.188–6.196 strand, fiber, filament, i.e., a very thin, thread-like hammered piece of precious metal (Ex 39:3+), note: used for an ornamental function

פּתל (ptl) or פתל (ptl): see 7349

7349 פָּתַל (pā·ṯǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6617; TWOT 1857—1. LN 39.1–39.12 (nif) have a struggle, i.e., pertaining to being in a state of social or mental hostility and strife and so oppose another for a position of favor (Ge 30:8+); 2. LN 88.152–88.159 (nif) be wily, be crooked, i.e., pertaining to being morally perverse, with a focus on the deceptive shrewdness (Job 5:13; Pr 8:8+); 3. LN 32.24–32.41 (hitp) show oneself shrewd, i.e., act. in a wise, prudent, understanding, and guarded way, with a focus on the total lack of na‹vety (Ps 18:27[EB 26]+), note: for MT text in 2Sa 22:27, see 9520

7350 פְּתַלְתֹּל (peṯǎl·tōl): adj.; ≡ Str 6618; TWOT 1857b—LN 88.262–88.270 perverse, crooked, i.e., pertaining to behavior which is deviant from a correct moral standard, as a figurative extension of a twisted or warped object out of its normal shape (Dt 32:5+)

7351 פִּתֹם (pi·ṯōm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6619;—LN 93-place (loc.) Pithom: store-city in Egypt for Pharaoh (Ex 1:11+)

7352 פֶּתֶן (pě·ṯěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6620; TWOT 1858a—LN 4.51–4.57 serpent, snake, i.e., a poisonous, limbless scaled reptile of the families Serpentes and Ophidia (Dt 32:33; Job 20:14, 16; Ps 58:5[EB 4]; 91:13; Isa 11:8+), note: several suggestions are: (NASB, NIV, NKJV, NAB) African cobra, of the genus Naja or Ophiophagus; (KJV, ASV, RSV, NRSV, NEB, REB) asp, Naja haje; (NJB, Tanakh) (horned)-viper, Cerastes cornutus

7353 פֶּתַע (pě·ṯǎʿ): adv. [see also 7353.5]; ≡ Str 6621; TWOT 1859—LN 67.113 suddenly, in an instant, i.e., pertaining to an extremely short period of time for a state or event (Pr 6:15; 29:1; Hab 2:7+), see also 7328, 7328.5

פֶּתַע (pě·ṯǎʿ): n.[masc.] [served by 7353]; ≡ Str 6621; TWOT 1859—LN 67.113 an instant, a flash, i.e., a state or condition of an extremely short period of time (Nu 6:9; 35:22; Isa 29:5; 30:13+), see also 7328, 7328.5

פּתר (ptr) or פתר (ptr): see 7354

7354 פָּתַר (pā·ṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6622; TWOT 1860—LN 33.134–33.155 (qal) interpret, i.e., give the meaning or significance of words or signs (Ge 40:8, 16, 22; 41:8, 12,13, 15+)

7355 פִּתָּרוֹן (pit·tā·rôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6623; TWOT 1860a—LN 33.134–33.155 interpretation, explanation, i.e., the act. or result of giving the meaning words or signs (Ge 40:5, 8, 12, 18; 41:11+)

7356 פַּתְרוֹס (pǎṯ·rôs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6624;—LN 93-place (terr) Pathros (Upper Egypt NIV): an area of Egypt (Isa 11:11; Jer 44:1, 15; Eze 29:14; 30:14+), see also 7357

7357 פַּתְרֻסִים (pǎṯ·rǔ·sîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6625;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Pathrusite: people from the area of Pathros in Upper Egypt (Ge 10:14; 1Ch 1:12+), see also 7356

7358 פַּתְשֶׁגֶן (pǎṯ·šě·ḡěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6572; TWOT 1837—LN 6.54–6.67 copy, i.e., a duplicate of an original written document (Est 3:14; 4:8; 8:13+)

פּתת (ptt) or פתת (ptt): see 7359

7359 פָּתַת (pā·ṯǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 6626; TWOT 1862—LN 19.34–19.42 (qal) crumble, i.e., break up a somewhat brittle object into many smaller pieces often with pressure between the thumb and fingers, when food, breaks into crumbs (Lev 2:6+)

‍צ‍, ץ

7360 ץ (ṣ): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

7361 צֵא (ṣē(ʾ)): n.[masc.] [oth qal imv.masc.sing. of 3655]; ≡ Str 3318; TWOT 893—LN 8.70–8.77 (REB) filth, i.e., any physiological product of the body such as dung or other products considered unclean (Isa 30:22+), note: though most versions parse as imperative of “go out,” context is well served with this parsing as n.masc.

7362 צֵאָה (ṣē·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6627; TWOT 1884a—LN 8.70–8.77 excrement, feces, i.e., human dung as a waste product of the body (Dt 23:14[EB 13]; Eze 4:12+)

7363 צֹאָה (ṣō·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6675; TWOT 1884b—1. LN 8.70–8.77 excrement, feces, i.e., human dung as a waste product of the body, with a focus on the foulness of the organic matter (2Ki 18:27 Q; Pr 30:12; Isa 28:8; 36:12 Q+); note: in some contexts this filth can refer to moral filth, see also domain LN 88.256–88.261; note: for the K in some contexts, see 2989; 2. LN 8.70–8.77 vaginal discharge, i.e., the female ovum and blood which is discharged in a period cycle, with the associative meaning of a filthy state (Isa 4:4+), note: in this context this filth can refer to moral filth, see also domain LN 88.256–88.261; note: others give meaning as “dung” see above

7364 צֹאִי (ṣō·ʾî): adj.; ≡ Str 6674; TWOT 1884—LN 79.48–79.56 filthy, i.e., pertaining to being befouled with excrement as the feature of an object, with the associative meaning of being ceremonially unclean (Zec 3:3, 4+), note: see also domain LN 53.33–53.40

7365 צֶאֱלִים (ṣě·ʾělîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 6628; TWOT 1863—LN 3.2–3.12 (BDB, KB, Holladay, Lisowsky, most versions) Lotus tree, i.e., a tree reported to bear fruit, the thorny-lotus of the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, specifically identified as Zizyphus lotus (Job 40:21, 22+), note: NASB, NIV translate “lotus plants,” apparently any of various water lilies found in bodies of water, see also domain LN 3.13–3.32

7366 צֹאן (ṣō(ʾ)n): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6629; TWOT 1864a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 (coll.) flock of small mammals, i.e., a collection of goats and/or sheep (1Sa 17:20), note: in some contexts the reference is to groups of human persons; 2. LN 4.1–4.37 small mammal, i.e., a ceremonially clean, individual four-footed mammal smaller than cattle, donkeys, or camels, i.e., a sheep (of the genus Ovis or goat (of the genus Capra, note: Dt 32:24 Lisowsky parses as 7556, q.v.)

צֹאן (ṣō(ʾ)n): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6629; TWOT 1864a—LN 93-place (loc.) Sheep Gate: an entrance area (Ne 3:1, 32; 12:39+)

7367 צַאֲנָן (ṣǎ·ʾǎnān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6630;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zaanan: town in the western Judah (Mic 1:11+), note: possibly see also 7569

צֶאֱצָא (ṣě·ʾěṣā(ʾ)) BDB: see 7368

7368 צֶאֱצָאִים (ṣě·ʾěṣā·ʾîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6631; TWOT 893b—1. LN 10.14–10.48 offspring, descendant, i.e., one who is kin of a succeeding generations (Job 5:25; 21:8; 27:14; Isa 22:24; 44:3; 48:19; 61:9; 65:23+); 2. LN 43 crop, produce, i.e., the harvest as a farm crop (Job 31:8+); 3. LN 42.7–42.28 what is produced, i.e., what is produced from creation (Isa 34:1; 42:5+), see also domain LN 65.1–65.16

7369 I. צָב (ṣāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6632; TWOT 1866a, 1867a—LN 6.52–6.53 covered wagon, covered cart, i.e., a transport vehicle with wheels and a cover over the top (Nu 7:3; Isa 66:20+)

7370 II. צָב (ṣāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6632; TWOT 1866a—LN 4.51–4.57 reptile, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: that which moves about on the ground; a reptile with legs of limited function and a fused inseparable lower jaw of the order Lacertilia, more than forty species are found in Bible lands, and it could be any one of them (Lev 11:29+), note: KJV, “tortoise;” most versions translate as a non-specific type, i.e., great or large lizard; KB, Holladay, Lisowsky, NEB, REB, “thorn-tailed lizard,” Uromastix spinipes

צבא (ṣbʾ): see 7371

7371 I. צָבָא (ṣā·ḇā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 6633; TWOT 1865—1. LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) fight, do battle, i.e., engage in an military battle (Nu 31:7, 42; Isa 29:7,8; 31:4; Zec 14:12+), see also domain LN 35.19–35.30; 2. LN 53.66–53.95 (qal) help, aid, i.e., serve in temple corps, with an assigned role for worship (Ex 38:8; Nu 4:23; 8:24; 1Sa 2:22+); 3. LN 55.7–55.13 (hif) conscript, muster, i.e., cause people to join the army (2Ki 25:19; Jer 52:25+), see also domain LN 15.123–15.134

7372 II. צָבָא (ṣā·ḇā(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6635; TWOT 1865a, 1865b—1. LN 55.7–55.13 army, host, i.e., a military congregation as a large fighting unit (1Sa 12:9), note: for MT text in Zec 9:8, see 5166; 2. LN 55.7–55.13 division, i.e., a smaller unit of a total army (Nu 1:3); 3. LN 11.1–11.11 divisions, i.e., a subjnct.-group of civilian persons in relationship to a whole group (Ex 7:4); 4. LN 11.1–11.11 large group, vast array, i.e., a huge amount of persons, creatures, spirit beings, or objects all of the same class (Ge 2:1; Dt 4:19; 1Ki 22:19); 5. LN 35.19–35.30 service, i.e., the rendering of assistance and help for duties (Nu 4:3, 23); 6. LN 55.2–55.6 battle, skirmish, i.e., an individual fight with an enemy as part of a larger war (Nu 31:4); 7. LN 22.15–22.20 trouble, hard service, i.e., the experiencing of hardship and trouble in the midst of service (Job 7:1; 14:14); 8. LN 1.26–1.33 stars, i.e., points of light seen in the night sky (Dt 17:3), note: often believed to embody or represent deities; 9. LN 12.1–12.42 the Almighty, i.e., a title of God (1Sa 1:3); 10. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: עַם הַ־ צָבָא (ʿǎm hǎ- ṣā·ḇā(ʾ))2 soldier, formally, people of the army, i.e., one in military service (Nu 31:32); 11. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: שַׂר צָבָא (śǎr ṣā·ḇā(ʾ))2 commander, formally, prince of the army, i.e., one in military service as an officer (Dt 20:9); 12. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: עַל הַ־ צָבָא (ʿǎl hǎ- ṣā·ḇā(ʾ))2 commander-in-chief, formally, over the army, i.e., one as the head of the entire army (1Ki 4:4); 13. LN 6.29–6.40 unit: כְּלִי צָבָא (kelî ṣā·ḇā(ʾ))2 weapon, formally, vessel of war, i.e., any of the offensive instruments armies use to kill the enemy (1Ch 12:38[EB 37])

7373 III. צָבָא (ṣā·ḇā(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6643; TWOT 1869a, 1870a—LN 4.1–4.37 buck gazelle, i.e., a male antelope, swift and graceful animal of the Gazella family (1Ch 12:9[EB 8]+), see also 7374, note: 2 in Lisowsky

צִבָא (ṣi·ḇā(ʾ)) BDB: see 7471 (2Sa 16:4+)

7374 צְבָאָה (ṣeḇā·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6643; TWOT 1869a—LN 4.1–4.37 doe gazelle, i.e., a female antelope, swift and graceful animal of the Gazella family (SS 2:7; 3:5+), see also 7373

צְבָאוֹת (ṣeḇā·ʾôṯ), צִבְאוֹת (ṣiḇ·ʾôṯ) BDB: see 7372, 7373

7375 צְבֹאִים (ṣeḇō·ʾîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6636;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zeboiim: town of the Arabah (Ge 10:19; 14:2, 8; Dt 29:22[EB 23]; Hos 11:8+), note: for K in some contexts, see 7387

7376 צֹבֵבָה (ṣō·ḇē·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6637;—LN 93-pers. (male) (the) Zobebah: of Judah (1Ch 4:8+), see also 2206

צבה (ṣbh): see 7377

7377 צָבָה (ṣā·ḇā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6638; TWOT 1868—LN 23.142–23.184 (qal pf.) swell, i.e., the retaining of fluids in the internal organs as a sickness or diseased condition (Nu 5:27+); (hif inf. cs.) cause to swell (Nu 5:22+)

7378 צֹבֶה (ṣō·ḇě(h)): n.pr.—see 7420 Zobah (2Sa 23:36+)

7379 צָבֶה (ṣā·ḇě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 6639; TWOT 1868a—LN 23.142–23.184 swollen, pertaining to the retaining of fluids in the internal organs as a sickness or diseased condition (Nu 5:21+)

7380 צָבוּעַ (ṣā·ḇûaʿ): adj.; ≡ Str 6641; TWOT 1872b—1. LN 79.26–79.38 (most versions, BDB) speckled, variegated, i.e., pertaining to the color pattern on a winged creature (Jer 12:9+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 4.1–4.37 (KB, Holladay, LXX, NRSV, NEB, REB, NAB, Tanakh) hyena, i.e., any of several large, strong, nocturnal, carnivorous animals of the family Hyaenidea (Jer 12:9+), note: “speckled” is the preferred translation in this context

צִבּוּר (ṣib·bûr) BDB: see 7393

צבט (ṣbṭ): see 7381

7381 צָבַט (ṣā·ḇǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 6642; TWOT 1871—LN 16 (qal impf.) reach out, i.e., make a non-verbal signal by stretching out the hand as an offer of something, as a non-linear movement (Ru 2:14+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

7382 I. צְבִי (ṣeḇî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6643; TWOT 1869a—1. LN 79.9–79.17 beautifulness, i.e., the state or condition of an attractive, valuable, and desireable object (Isa 4:2; 28:1, 4, 5; Jer 3:19; Eze 7:20; 20:6, 15; 25:9; 26:20; Da 8:9; 11:16, 41, 45+), note: for NIV text in Eze 26:20, see 3656; 2. LN 87.4–87.18 glory, i.e., an object or person which is assigned high status, implying to be considered very desireable (2Sa 1:19; Isa 13:19; 23:9; 24:16+)

7383 II. צְבִי (ṣeḇî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6643; TWOT 1869a—LN 4.1–4.37 (most versions) buck gazelle, i.e., a ceremonially clean, large mammal for food, of the Gazella or other related genera (Dt 12:15, 22; 14:5; 15:22; 2Sa 2:18; 1Ki 5:3[EB 4:23]; Pr 6:5; SS 2:9, 17; 8:14; Isa 13:14+), see also 7386; note: KJV “roebuck.”

7384 צִבְיָא (ṣiḇ·yā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6644;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zibia: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:9+)

7385 צִבְיָה (ṣiḇ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6645;—LN 93-pers. (female) Zibiah: mother of King Joash/Jehoash (2Ki 12:2[EB 1]; 2Ch 24:1+)

7386 צְבִיָּה (ṣeḇiy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6646; TWOT 1870b—LN 4.1–4.37 (most versions) doe gazelle, i.e., (assumedly) a ceremonially clean, large mammal for food, of the Gazella or other related genera (SS 4:5; 7:4[EB 3]+), see also 7383; note: (KJV, ASV) roe

7387 צְבֹיִים (ṣeḇō·yîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6636;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zeboiim: town of the Arabah (Ge 14:2 K,8 K; Dt 29:22[EB 23] K+), note: for Q, see 7375

צבע (ṣbʿ): see 7388

7388 צָבַע (ṣā·ḇǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 3320; TWOT 894—LN 79.26–79.38 (hitp) show oneself dyed, i.e., be of a certain color, as the feature of an object (Job 38:14 cj+), note: for MT text, see 3656; see also BHS ftn

7389 צֶבַע (ṣě·ḇǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6648; TWOT 1872a—LN 6.152–6.187 colorful garment, i.e., a fine piece of clothing, with a focus on the dyed colors on the ornamental fabric (Jdg 5:30+)

צֶבֶע (ṣě·ḇěʿ) Lisowsky: see 7389

7390 צִבְעוֹן (ṣiḇ·ʿôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6649;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zibeon: of Seir (Ge 36:2, 14, 20, 24,29; 1Ch 1:38, 40+)

7391 צְבֹעִים (ṣeḇō·ʿîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6650;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zeboim: 1. town occupied by Benjamites, possibly on the coast plain 13 mi. SE of Joppa (Ne 11:34+) 2. valley in Benjamin (1Sa 13:18+)

צבר (ṣbr): see 7392

7392 צָבַר (ṣā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6651; TWOT 1874—LN 16 (qal) pile up, heap up, i.e., make a pile of objects or mass (Ge 41:35, 49; Ex 8:10[EB 14]; Job 27:16; Ps 39:7[EB 6]; Hab 1:10; Zec 9:3+), note: used for accumulation, building, or storage

7393 צִבֻּר (ṣib·bǔr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6652; TWOT 1874a—LN 59.1–59.10 pile, heap, i.e., an accumulated mass or quantity of an object (2Ki 10:8+)

7394 צִבָּרוֹן (ṣib·bā·rôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 1225; TWOT 270c—LN 11.12–11.54 throng, multitude, i.e., a group of people who are of same or similar kind, likely in a socio-religious group (Zec 9:12 cj+), note: for MT text, see 1315

7395 צֶבֶת (ṣě·ḇěṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6653; TWOT 1875a—LN 18.12–18.23 pl. bundle, i.e., a group of objects bound together to form a single unit (Ru 2:16+), note: in context a bundle of stalks of grain

צְבָתִים (ṣeḇā·ṯîm) BDB: see 7395

7396 I. צַד (ṣǎḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6654; TWOT 1876a—1. LN 79.104–79.109 side, i.e., that which is at an adjacent, proximate side of an object (Ge 6:16; Ex 25:32; 26:13; 30:4; 37:18,27; Dt 31:26; 1Sa 23:26; 2Sa 13:34; Ps 91:7+); 2. LN 8.41 side, i.e., the part of the human body approximately from the underarm area of the body from the shoulders to hip (Nu 33:55; Jos 23:13; Jdg 2:3; 2Sa 2:16; Isa 60:4; 66:12; Eze 4:4, 6, 8,9+); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 flank, i.e., the part of a four-footed animal on the side from the ribs to the hips (Eze 34:21+); 4. LN 83.23–83.32 beside, i.e., a marker to show vicinity, or proximate to an object (Jos 3:16; 12:9; Ru 2:14; 1Sa 6:8; 20:20, 25+), note: for another interp in Jdg 2:3, see 7397

7397 II. צַד (ṣǎḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6654; TWOT 1876a—LN 6.23–6.25 snare, trap, i.e., an implement which captures and controls its prey (Jdg 2:3+), note: for another interp, see 7396

צְדָד (ṣeḏāḏ) BDB: see 7398

7398 צָדָד (ṣā·ḏāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6657;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zedad: town on the N border of Palestine, about 70 mi NE of Damascus (Nu 34:8; Eze 47:15+)

I. צדה (ṣdh): see 7399

II. צדה (ṣdh): see 7400

7399 I. צָדָה (ṣā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6658; TWOT 1877, 1878—LN 20.61–20.88 (qal) lie in wait, hunt down, i.e., position oneself to surprise and hunt down an object to harm or kill, with malice aforethought (Ex 21:13; 1Sa 24:12[EB 11]+)

7400 II. צָדָה (ṣā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6658; TWOT 1877—LN 20.31–20.60 (nif pf.) be destroyed, be laid waste, i.e., pertaining to being in a demolished and devastated state (Zep 3:6+)

צֵדָה (ṣē·ḏā(h)) BDB: see 7476

7401 צָדוֹק (ṣā·ḏôq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6659;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zadok: 1. of Aaron, a priest through Eleazar (2Sa 8:17; 2Sa 15:24–36 passim; 1Ch 5:34[EB 6:8]) 2. maternal grandfather of King Jotham (2Ki 15:33; 2Ch 27:1+) 3. priest, descendant of Zadok 1 (1Ch 5:38[EB 6:12]; 9:11; Ne 11:11+) 4. a brave military man (1Ch 12:29[EB 28]+) 5. a wall builder (Ne 3:4+) 6. another wall builder (Ne 3:29+) 7. signer of the covenant with Nehemiah (Ne 10:22[EB 21]+) 8. a treasurer (Ne 13:13+) 9. see also DBLGrk 4882, note: “sons of Zadok” in Eze 40:46; 43:19; 44:15; 48:11 means “priests”

7402 צְדִיָּה (ṣeḏiy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6660; TWOT 1877a—LN 20.61–20.88 intention, formally, ambush, lying-in-wait, i.e., a state or condition of malice aforethought, and so harming with intention (Nu 35:20, 22+)

7403 צִדִּים (ṣid·dîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6661;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ziddim: town in Naphtali (Jos 19:35+)

צֵדְנִיֹּת (ṣē·ḏeniy·yōṯ) BDB: see 7479

7404 צַדִּיק (ṣǎd·dîq): adj.; ≡ Str 3072, 6662; TWOT 1879c—1. LN 88.12–88.23 righteous, upright, just, i.e., pertaining to being a person in accordance with a proper standard (Ge 18:23, 24,25,26, 28); 2. LN 88.289–88.318 innocent, guiltless, i.e., pertaining to not having sin or wrongdoing according to a just standard (Ex 23:7), note: for NIV text in Isa 49:24, see 6883

צדק (ṣdq): see 7405

7405 צָדַק (ṣā·ḏǎq): v.; ≡ Str 6663; TWOT 1879—1. LN 88.12–88.23 (qal) be righteous, be innocent, be vindicated, i.e., be in a state in accordance with a standard (Ge 38:26; Job 4:17; 9:2, 15, 20; 10:15; 11:2; 13:18; 15:14; 22:3; 25:4; 33:12; 35:7; 40:8; Ps 19:10[EB 9]; 51:6[EB 4]; 143:2; Isa 43:9, 26; 45:25; Eze 16:52a+), note: in context, usually God’s proper standard; (piel) be righteous, innocent, clear of charges (Job 32:2; 33:32; Jer 3:11; Eze 16:51, 52b+); (hif) get justice, maintain the right, cause righteousness (2Sa 15:4; Ps 82:3; Da 12:3+); (hitp) prove innocence (Ge 44:16+), note: see also domain LN 88.289–88.318; 2. LN 56.20–56.34 (hif) acquit, declare not guilty, justify, i.e., the act. of clearing one of a transgression or allegation of wrongdoing (Ex 23:7; Dt 25:1; 1Ki 8:32; 2Ch 6:23; Job 27:5; Pr 17:15; Isa 5:23; 50:8; 53:11+); 3. LN 53.44–53.52 (nif) reconsecrated, formally, justified, i.e., pertaining to being ceremonially pure, with an implication that the impurity was also due to the violation of a moral standard (Da 8:14+)

צָדֵק (ṣā·ḏēq), צָדֹק (ṣā·ḏōq) BDB: see 7405

צָדֹק (ṣā·ḏōq): see 7401 (1Ki 1:26+)

7406 צֶדֶק (ṣě·ḏěq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6664; TWOT 1879a—1. LN 88.12–88.23 righteousness, justice, rightness, i.e., the act. of doing what is required according to a standard (Ps 7:9[EB 8]); 2. LN 88.39–88.45 honesty, fairness, accuracy, i.e., an act. which is proper according to a standard, and not deviant in any way (Lev 19:36); 3. LN 12.1–12.42 Righteousness, i.e., a title of the LORD (Jer 23:6; 33:16); 4. LN 56.20–56.34 justice, i.e., the act. of fairly deciding what is right in a legal case, without prejudice (Dt 16:20), note: further study may yield more domains

7407 צְדָקָה (ṣeḏā·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6666; TWOT 1879b—1. LN 88.12–88.23 righteousness, justice, rightness, i.e., the state of doing what is required according to a standard (Ps 31:2[EB 1]); 2. LN 56.20–56.34 justice, i.e., the state or condition of fairly deciding what is right in a legal case, without prejudice (Isa 5:23); 3. LN 88.289–88.318 innocence, i.e., the state of not having any sin or its associated guilt, according to a standard (1Ki 8:32); 4. LN 57.25–57.35 prosperity, i.e., the state of having an abundant amount of goods and wealth (Pr 8:18), note: further study may yield more domains

7408 צִדְקִיָּה (ṣiḏ·qiy·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6667;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zedekiah: 1. a prophet, son of Kenaanah (1Ki 22:11+), see also 7409(1.) 2. king of Judah (1Ch 3:16; Jer 27:12; 28:1; 29:3; 49:34+), see also 7409(2.) 3. signer of covenant (Ne 10:2[EB 1]+)

7409 צִדְקִיָּהוּ (ṣiḏ·qiy·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6667;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zedekiahu (Zedekiah NIV): 1. a prophet, son of Kenaanah (1Ki 22:24; 2Ch 18:10, 23+), see also 7408(1.) 2. king of Judah (2Ki 24:17–25:7 passim); note: for MT text in Jer 27:1 see 3383(2.) 3. a prophet, son of Maaseiah (Jer 29:21, 22+) 4. son of Hananiah (Jer 36:12+)

צהב (ṣhb): see 7410

7410 צָהַב (ṣā·hǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 6668; TWOT 1880—LN 79.26–79.38 (hof ptcp.) be gleaming red, i.e., pertaining to a copper color with a luster, produced by polishing a bronze or brass artifact (Ezr 8:27+), note: for another parsing as a, see 5176

צָהֵב (ṣā·hēḇ), צָהֹב (ṣā·hōḇ) BDB: see 7410

7411 צָהֹב (ṣā·hōḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 6669; TWOT 1880a—LN 79.26–79.38 (most versions) blond, i.e., pertaining to a color of a hair follicle which can vary from pale-white to rosy colored, indicating lack of normal pigment (Lev 13:30, 32, 36+), note: (KB, Holladay, Lisowsky) translate as “bright red;” (BDB) “yellow”

I. צהל (ṣhl): see 7412

II. צהל (ṣhl): see 7413

7412 I. צָהַל (ṣā·hǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6670; TWOT 1881, 1882—1. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) shout out, cry out, yell, i.e., make a relatively loud noise either in pain or joy, either with or without verbal content (Est 8:15; Isa 12:6; 24:14; 54:1; Jer 31:7+); (piel) (Isa 10:30+); 2. LN 14.74–14.86 neigh, i.e., the cry of a horse, implying a communication to other horses (Jer 5:8; 50:11+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

7413 II. צָהַל (ṣā·hǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6670; TWOT 1881—LN 14.36–14.52 (hif) make shine, make glisten, i.e., cause light to reflect off a surface efficiently and so cause a shining appearance from that object (Ps 104:15+)

צהר (ṣhr): see 7414

7414 צָהַר (ṣā·hǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6671; TWOT 1883d—LN 43 (hif) press olives, i.e., the act. of crushing olive-berry meat of the fruit usually with a large upright millstone rolling over the olives on a hard surface, implying then a pressing with a heavy object to drain the oil into jars (Job 24:11+), see also domain LN 19.34–19.42; note: some give the meaning as “spend the noon-time” and so relate as a verb to 7416, then see also domain LN 67.73–67.77

7415 צֹהַר (ṣō·hǎr): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6672; TWOT 1883a, 1883b—LN 6.41–6.51 roof, i.e., the covering of a box-shaped boat (Ge 6:16+)

צֹהַר (ṣō·hǎr) BDB: see 7416

7416 צָהֳרַיִם (ṣā·hǒrǎ·yim): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6672; TWOT 1883a—LN 67.73–67.77 noon, noonday, midday, i.e., a time in the day when the sun appears at the highest point in the daytime sky, a time which is most opposite of night and darkness, the mid.-point of the daytime (Ge 43:16, 25; Dt 28:29; 2Sa 4:5; 1Ki 18:26, 27, 29; 20:16; 2Ki 4:20; Job 5:14; 11:17; Ps 37:6; 55:18[EB 17]; 91:6; SS 1:7; Isa 16:3; 58:10; 59:10; Jer 6:4; 15:8; 20:16; Am 8:9; Zep 2:4+)

7417 צַו (ṣǎw): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6673; TWOT 1887c—1. LN 6.96–6.101 (NIV) idol, formally, “blah-blah,” i.e., a disparaging term for an idol as an unsubstantial, worthless, nothing-of-a-god (Hos 5:11+); (RSV, NRSV) vanity; (NAB) filth; (REB) what is worthless; (Tanakh) futility; (NJB) “unclear;” note: some change text to 7640 or 8736 or possibly 7361; note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 33.323–33.332 (KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASB) commandment, precept, i.e., an authoritative directive given by a superior (Hos 5:11+), note: in context, these would be human commands in contrast to God’s commands; 3. LN 14.74–14.86 blah-blah, a noise, i.e., a nonsense sound-syllable, with the associative meaning of mocking prophetic speech (Isa 28:10,13+), see also 7742, note: some parse as piel imv. of 7422

צָו (ṣāw) Lisowsky: see 7417 (Isa 28:10, 13+)

7418 צַוָּאר (ṣǎw·wā(ʾ)r): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6677; TWOT 1897a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 neck, i.e., the relatively strong part of the body connecting the head and body of a creature, with a focus (in some contexts) on the back part of the neck just below the hair line (Ge 27:16; Jdg 8:21), cf. also 7454; note: to control the neck of a man or animal was to control the person or animal; 2. LN 83.23–83.32 unit: עַל צַוָּאר (ʿǎl ṣǎw·wā(ʾ)r) near, formally, on the neck, i.e., to be very close proximity to another (La 5:5+)

7419 צוֹבָא (ṣô·ḇā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6678;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zoba (Zobah NIV): town N of Palestine (2Sa 10:6, 8+), see also 7420

7420 צוֹבָה (ṣô·ḇā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6678;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zobah: town N of Palestine (1Sa 14:47; 2Sa 8:3, 5, 12; 23:36; 1Ki 11:23; 1Ch 18:3, 5, 9; 19:6+), see also 7419 also, a part of a compound name, Aram Zobah, see 809; also Hamath Zobah, see 2832

צוד (ṣwd): see 7421

7421 צוּד (ṣûḏ): v.; ≡ Str 6679; TWOT 1885—LN 44 (qal) hunt, stalk, i.e., chase a victim as a predator, with intent to immediately harm or kill, or at a minimum, capture and control (Ge 27:3, 5, 33; Lev 17:13; Job 10:16; 38:39; Ps 140:12[EB 11]; Pr 6:26; Jer 16:16; La 3:52; 4:18; Mic 7:2+), note: in some contexts this can refer to violence and harm to another in any setting, see also domain LN 20.1–20.11; (pilpel) ensnare, control, hunt and capture (Eze 13:18,20+)

צוה (ṣwh): see 7422

7422 צָוָה (ṣā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6680; TWOT 1887—1. LN 33.323–33.332 (piel) command, order, tell, instruct, give direction, decree, i.e., state with force/authority what others must do (Ge 2:16); (pual) commanded, directed, be ordered (Ge 45:19; Ex 34:34; Lev 8:35; 10:13; Nu 3:16; 36:2; Eze 12:7; 24:18; 37:7+); 2. LN 37.96–37.107 (piel) appoint, ordain, give charge, i.e., assign one to a role or function for a task or office, with a focus on the authority of the one who appointed the leader (1Sa 25:30); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 (piel) be forbidden, i.e., pertaining to what does not happen, as it is not allowed by an authority (Dt 4:23), note: for another parsing in Isa 28:10, 13, see 7417; note: further study may yield more domains

צוח (ṣwḥ): see 7423

7423 צָוַח (ṣā·wǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6681; TWOT 1888—LN 33.69–33.108 (qal impf.) shout loudly, cry out, i.e., make a noisy communication, either as a noise or a verbal message (Isa 42:11+)

7424 צְוָחָה (ṣewā·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6682; TWOT 1888a—LN 25.135–25.145 wail, outcry, i.e., a cry of distress (Ps 144:14; Isa 24:11; Jer 14:2; 46:12+), note: in some contexts verbal content is in the crying, see also domain LN 33.69–33.108

7425 צוּלָה (ṣû·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6683; TWOT 1889a—LN 1.69–1.78 abyss of ocean, the watery depths, the deep, i.e., the very deep area of the sea (Isa 44:27+), note: as an area difficult to access or control

צום (ṣwm): see 7426

7426 צוּם (ṣûm): v.; ≡ Str 6684; TWOT 1890—1. LN 53.65 (qal) fast, i.e., the condition of voluntarily abstaining from food (Jdg 20:26; 1Sa 7:6; 2Sa 12:16, 21, 22, 23; 1Ki 21:27; Ezr 8:23; Ne 1:4; Est 4:16; Isa 58:3, 4; Jer 14:12; Zec 7:5+), note: dedication or petition to a deity; 2. LN 52 fast, i.e., the condition of voluntarily abstaining from food as an act. of mourning for another person, as a part of the burial events (1Sa 31:13; 2Sa 1:12; 1Ch 10:12+)

7427 צוֹם (ṣôm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6685; TWOT 1890a—LN 53.65 fast, i.e., a condition or time of voluntarily abstaining from food as a religious disciple (2Sa 12:16; 1Ki 21:9, 12; 2Ch 20:3; Ezr 8:21; Ne 9:1; Est 4:3; 9:31; Ps 35:13; 69:11[EB 10]; 109:24; Isa 58:3, 5,6; Jer 36:6, 9; Da 9:3; Joel 1:14; 2:12, 15; Jnh 3:5; Zec 8:19+), note: possibly Ps 109:24 is a medical fast, see also domain LN 23.1–23.39

צוֹעַר (ṣô·ʿǎr) BDB: see 7593 (Ge 19:22, 30+)

7428 צוּעָר (ṣû·ʿār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6686;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zuar: of Issachar, father of Nethanel, an assistant in the census (Nu 1:8; 2:5; 7:18, 23; 10:15+)

צוף (ṣwp): see 7429

7429 I. צוּף (ṣûp̄): v.; ≡ Str 6687; TWOT 1892—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (hif impf.) make float, i.e., the causing of a condition in which something lies suspended on top of a body of liquid (2Ki 6:6+), see also domain LN 14.17–14.35; 2. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal pf.) flow over, i.e., an action of excessive water moving upon and past an object (La 3:54+); (hif pf.) overwhelm with water, cause an engulfment of water (Dt 11:4+), see also domain LN 14.17–14.35

7430 II. צוּף (ṣûp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6688; TWOT 1892a—LN 5.21 comb, i.e., a network of wax cells secreted by honeybees for the storage of a sweet viscid (thick and slick) liquid (Ps 19:11[EB 10]; Pr 16:24+), note: the wax could be eaten, or sometime separated for other uses; see also domain LN 8.70–8.77

7431 III. צוּף (ṣûp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6689;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zuph: ancestor of Elkanah and Samuel (1Sa 1:1; 1Ch 6:20[EB 35]+)

צוּף (ṣûp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6689;—LN 93-place (terr) Zuph: area in Benjamin (1Sa 9:5+)

7432 צוֹפַח (ṣô·p̄ǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6690;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zophah: of Asher (1Ch 7:35, 36+)

7433 צוֹפַי (ṣô·p̄ǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6689;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zophai: son of Elkanah (1Ch 6:11[EB 26]+), see also 7434

7434 צוּפִי (ṣû·p̄î): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6689;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) (NIV, NRSV, Tanakh, NEB, REB, NJB, NAB) Zuphite: pertaining to Zuph(1Sa 1:1+), see 7431, 7431.5, note: for MT, see also 7433, 7435

7435 צוֹפִים (ṣô·p̄îm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7436;—LN 93-place (loc.) part of a compound name, Ramathaim-Zophim, (1Sa 1:1+), (KJV, NKJV, RSV, ASV, NASB), see also 7434, 8259, 8259.5

7436 צוֹפַר (ṣô·p̄ǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6691;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zophar: friend of Job (Job 2:11; 11:1; 20:1; 42:9+)

I. צוץ (ṣwṣ): see 7437

II. צוץ (ṣwṣ): see 7438

7437 I. צוּץ (ṣûṣ): v.; ≡ Str 6692; TWOT 1893, 1894—1. LN 23.188–23.196 (qal) bud, blossom, i.e., be in a state of growth for a plant (Eze 7:10+); (hif) put forth blossoms, cause to flourish (Nu 17:23[EB 8]; Ps 72:16; 90:6; 92:8[EB 7]; 103:15; Isa 27:6+), note: BDB parse many of these as qal; 2. LN 14.36–14.52 (hif) reflect brilliantly, i.e., be in a state of shining reflection, implying grandeur and awe (Ps 132:18+)

7438 II. צוּץ (ṣûṣ): v.; ≡ Str 6692; TWOT 1893—LN 24.1–24.51 (hif ptcp.) look, peer, stare, i.e., the state of fixing one’s eyes on another object continually and intensely (SS 2:9+), note: some translate as “glance” and so implying a briefer, not as intense look

צוק (ṣwq) KB, Holladay: see 7439, 7440

צוק (ṣwq)[1] Lisowsky: see 7439

צוק (ṣwq)[2] Lisowsky: see 7440

7439 I. צוּק (ṣûq): v.; ≡ Str 6693; TWOT 1895—1. LN 22.21–22.28 (hif) inflict, oppress, i.e., cause trouble and hardship and persons who cause such (Dt 28:53, 55, 57; Isa 29:2, 7; 51:13; Jer 19:9+); 2. LN 33.319–33.322 (hif) compel, nag, i.e., insist emphatically on a particular behavior for oneself or another (Jdg 14:17; 16:16; Job 32:18+)

7440 II. צוּק (ṣûq): v.; ≡ Str 6694; TWOT 1896—1. LN 33.69–33.108 (qal pf. 3cp) utter, formally, pour out, i.e., speak something out loud (Isa 26:16+), note: for another parsing, see 7636, 7636.5; 2. LN 33.178–33.179 unit: צוּק לַחַשׁ (ṣûq lǎ·ḥǎš) pray, formally, pour out a verbal charm, i.e., make a request or praise of deity (Isa 26:16+), note: for alt. parsing in Job 28:2; 29:6, see 3668

7441 צוֹק (ṣôq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6695; TWOT 1895a, 1895b—LN 22.1–22.14 oppression, trouble, i.e., a state of hardship, trouble, and distress (Da 9:25+)

7442 צוּקָה (ṣû·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6695; TWOT 1895a—LN 22.1–22.14 oppression, trouble, i.e., a state of hardship, trouble, and distress (Pr 1:27; Isa 8:22; 30:6+)

I. צור (ṣwr): see 7443

II. צור (ṣwr): see 7444

III. צור (ṣwr): see 7445

צַוָּר (ṣǎw·wār): see 7418

7443 I. צוּר (ṣûr): v.; ≡ Str 6696; TWOT 1898, 1899, 1900—1. LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) lay siege, besiege, i.e., encircle and enclose a fortified area as an aggressive military strategy to defeat a city or nation (Dt 20:12, 19; 1Sa 23:8; 2Sa 11:1; 20:15; 1Ki 8:37; 15:27; 16:17; 20:1; 2Ki 6:24, 25; 16:5; 17:5; 18:9; 24:11; 1Ch 20:1; 2Ch 6:28; Ps 139:5; Isa 1:8; 21:2; 29:3; Jer 21:4, 9; 32:2; 37:5; 39:1; Eze 4:3; Da 1:1+); 2. LN 85.32–85.54 (qal) put in a bag, take, i.e., place an object into a bag, as an extension of laying siege to a city (Dt 14:25; 2Ki 12:11[EB 10]; 2Ki 5:23+), see also domain LN 15.165–15.186; 3. LN 16 (qal) tuck, i.e., make a non-linear movement of placing one object into another space (Eze 5:3+); 4. LN 79.110–79.113 (qal) enclose, i.e., to close off an area by constructing with paneling (SS 8:9+); 5. LN 39.42–39.44 (qal) stir up, formally, besiege, i.e., be in a riotous situation, as a figurative extension of besieging a city would cause social upheaval (Jdg 9:31+), note: for MT text at Jer 4:16, see 5915; note: for another interp of Jdg 9:31, see 7444; note: Isa 59:19, for another parsing as a, see 7642

7444 II. צוּר (ṣûr): v.; ≡ Str 6696; TWOT 1898—LN 39.1–39.12 (qal) show hostility, i.e., make actions of harassment or opposition to another (Ex 23:22; Dt 2:9, 19; Est 8:11+), note: for another interp of Jdg 9:31, see 7443

7445 III. צוּר (ṣûr): v.; ≡ Str 6697; TWOT 1901a—LN 42.29–42.40 (qal) fashion, i.e., shape with a tool and so make a creation (Ex 32:4; 1Ki 7:15+), see also 7451

7446 IV. צוּר (ṣûr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6697; TWOT 1901a—1. LN 2.14–2.28 rock, i.e., a mass of stone material (Ex 17:6), note: context determines the size and shape of the rock, with prominent rock masses as n.pr.loc.; note: for another interp in Job 22:24, see 7447, 7644; 2. LN 1.46–1.50 crag, cliffs, i.e., a steep elevation of rock (1Sa 24:3[EB 2]), see also 3604.5; 3. LN 12.1–12.42 Rock, i.e., a title for God (Dt 32:4, 15, 18, 30, 31; 1Sa 2:2; 2Sa 22:32, 47; 23:3; Ps 18:32[EB 31],47[EB 46])

7447 V. צוּר (ṣûr): n.masc.—see 7646 (Job 22:24+)

7448 VI. צוּר (ṣûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6698;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zur: 1. daughter of Midianite chief (Nu 25:15; 31:8; Jos 13:21+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:30; 9:36+)

7449 VII. צוּר (ṣûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1049;—LN 93-place 1. (pagan god) a deity, Zur (not used in HB), note: this may be a title also for the true God, cf. Dt 32:4, 15, 18, 30, 31; 1Sa 2:2; 2Sa 22:32; Ps 18:32[EB 31], see 7446 2. (loc.) part of a compound name, Beth Zur, see 1123

7450 צוֹר (ṣôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6865; TWOT 1965—LN 93-place (loc.) Tyre: Phoenician coastal city (1Ki 5:15[EB 1]; Ps 83:8[EB 7]; 87:4; Eze 26:15; 27:3,8, 32; 28:12; Hos 9:13+), see also 7645, 7660

I. צוּר הַ־ יָעֵל (ṣûr hǎ- yā·ʿēl): see 3604.5

7451 צוּרָה (ṣû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6699; TWOT 1900a—1. LN 45 design, plans, i.e., a set of arrangements decided beforehand for construction of a building and all its details (Eze 43:11+); 2. LN 58.14–58.18 form, appearance, i.e., an outward manifestation of an object (Ps 49:15[EB 14] Q+), note: for K see 7497

7452 צוּרִיאֵל (ṣû·rî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6700;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zuriel: of Levi (Nu 3:35+)

7453 צוּרִישַׁדַּי (ṣû·rî·šǎd·dǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6701;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zurishaddai: of Simeon, father of Shelumiel, assistant in the census (Nu 1:6; 7:36, 41+), see also 7453.5

צוּרִישַׁדָּי (ṣû·rî·šǎd·dāy): see 7453

צוּרִי־שַׁדַּי (ṣû·rî-·šǎd·dǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6701;—LN 93-pers. (male) of Simeon, father of Shelumiel, assistant in the census (Nu 2:12; 10:19+), see also 7453

צַוָּרוֹן (ṣǎw·wā·rôn) BDB: see 7454

7454 צַוְּרֹנִים (ṣǎw·werō·nîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 6677; TWOT 1897a—LN 6.188–6.196 necklace, i.e., a string (or chain) adornment for the neck (SS 4:9+), cf. also 7418

צות (ṣwt): see 7455

7455 צוּת (ṣûṯ): v.; ≡ Str 6702; TWOT 899—LN 14.63–14.73 (hif) set on fire, i.e., cause the process of burning material (Isa 27:4+)

7456 צַח (ṣǎḥ): adj.; ≡ Str 6703; TWOT 1903a—1. LN 79.9–79.17 radiant, beaming, i.e., pertaining to shining beauty or handsomeness (SS 5:10+); 2. LN 79.70–79.77 shimmering heat, i.e., pertaining to great heat on the surface of the earth, with a focus on the appearance of heat waves off the ground distorting vision (Isa 18:4; Jer 4:11+); 3. LN 32.19–32.23 clear, understandable, i.e., pertaining to speech which can be understood (Isa 32:4+)

צִחָא (ṣi·ḥā(ʾ)): see 7484

7457 צִחֶה (ṣi·ḥě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 6704; TWOT 1902a—LN 23.39 parched, thirsty, i.e., pertaining to one’s body being dehydrated and so having a mouth dry with thirst (Isa 5:13+)

צחח (ṣḥḥ): see 7458

7458 צָחַח (ṣā·ḥǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6705; TWOT 1903—LN 79.26–79.38 (qal pf.) be white, i.e., be in the state of a white color (La 4:7+)

7459 צְחִחִי (ṣeḥi·ḥî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6708; TWOT 1903b—see 7460 (Ne 4:7[EB 13] K+)

7460 צָחִיחַ (ṣā·ḥîaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6706; TWOT 1903b—LN 79.84–79.87 barrenness, smoothness, i.e., a state or condition in which a usually raised surface has no other objects on it, and a relatively smooth surface, implying it is an exposed area (Ne 4:7[EB 13] Q; Eze 24:7, 8; 26:4, 14+)

7461 צְחִיחָה (ṣeḥî·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6707; TWOT 1903c—LN 1.86–1.87 barren land, desert land, i.e., an undesirable wasteland with a bleached-out color from the sun with no vegetation, generally of very high temperatures (Ps 68:7[EB 6]+)

7462 צַחֲנָה (ṣǎ·ḥǎnā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6709; TWOT 1904a—LN 79.45–79.47 stench, odor, a smell, i.e., a putrid smell (Joel 2:20+)

צַחְצָחָה (ṣǎḥ·ṣā·ḥā(h)) BDB: see 7463

7463 צַחְצָחוֹת (ṣǎḥ·ṣā·ḥôṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 6710; TWOT 1903d—LN 1.86–1.87 barren land, desert land, i.e., an undesirable wasteland with a bleached-out color from the sun with no vegetation, generally of very high temperatures (Isa 58:11+)

צחק (ṣḥq): see 7464

7464 צָחַק (ṣā·ḥǎq): v.; ≡ Str 6711; TWOT 1905—1. LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) laugh, i.e., make a guttural sound related to irony or humor, often with the associative meaning of mocking or reviling (Ge 17:17; 18:12, 13, 15; 21:6+); (piel) (Ge 19:14; 21:9+); 2. LN 23.61–23.65 (piel) caress, fondle, engage in foreplay, i.e., indulge in physical sexual play (Ge 26:8; Ex 32:6+), note: in context of an orgy, then sexual immorality, see also domain LN 88.271–88.282; 3. LN 33.406–33.411 (piel) make sport, make fun of, i.e., humiliate another through actions and words, jesting at the expense of others using dark humor (Ge 39:14, 17; Jdg 16:25+)

7465 צְחֹק (ṣeḥōq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6712; TWOT 1905a—LN 25.135–25.145 laughter, i.e., the act. of making guttural sounds as a response to a situation (Ge 21:6; Eze 23:32+), note: the laughter can be in joy or in mocking

צַחַר (ṣǎ·ḥǎr): n.masc. [served by 7466]; ≡ Str 6712; TWOT 1905a—LN 79.26–79.38 (KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh) white, i.e., a color of bleached wool (Eze 27:18+), note: (BDB, NJB ftn) reddish-gray, tawny, i.e., the color of unbleached wool

7466 צָחַר (ṣā·ḥǎr): n.pr. [BDB: n.masc. see 7465.5]; ≡ Str 6713; TWOT 1906a—LN 93-place (loc.) (NIV, NJB, NAB) Zahar: an unknown place (Eze 27:18+), note: NEB, REB, “Suhar;” note: context favors this as a place name not a color

7467 צָחֹר (ṣā·ḥōr): adj.; ≡ Str 6715; TWOT 1906b—LN 79.26–79.38 (most versions) white, i.e., pertaining to a color with the absence of pigment in hair, likely as white splotches or large white spots (Jdg 5:10+), note: (KB, Holladay, BDB, RSV, NEB, REB, Tanakh) tawny, i.e., pertaining to a yellowish-red color; note: though ety. favors according to the sources, “tawny,” ety. allows for a “bleached-white” translation, and makes more contextual sense, with a white-splotched donkey being more valuable

7468 צֹחַר (ṣō·ḥǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6714;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zohar: 1. a Hittite (Ge 23:8; 25:9+) 2. of Simeon (Ge 46:10; Ex 6:15+), see also 2438(4.) 3. (NIV, NKJV, NJB, Tanakh) son of Helah (1Ch 4:7 Q+), note: for K, see 3664

7469 I. צִי (ṣî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6716; TWOT 1907—LN 6.41–6.51 ship, vessel, i.e., an ocean-going boat (Nu 24:24; Isa 33:21; Eze 30:9; Da 11:30+)

7470 II. צִי (ṣî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6728; TWOT 1908—1. LN 4.1–4.37 desert creature, i.e., a wild desert-creature, likely a smaller range mammal, specific identification is not known (Isa 13:21; 23:13; 34:14; Jer 50:39+), note: some of these contexts may be a desert demon, see below; 2. LN 11.90–11.95 tribes of the desert (Ps 72:9+); 3. LN 12.1–12.42 desert demon a supernatural class of being that haunts the desert (Ps 74:14+), note: some interp as a normal desert animal, see above

7471 צִיבָא (ṣî·ḇā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6717;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ziba: attendant of a lame son of King Saul, Mephibosheth (2Sa 9:2–12 passim; 16:1–4 passim; 19:18[EB 17],30[EB 29]+)

ציד (ṣyd): see 7472

7472 צִיד (ṣîḏ): v.; ≡ Str 6679; TWOT 1885—LN 16 (hitp pf.) pack supplies, i.e., provide and pack provisions for oneself (Jos 9:12+), note: see BHS ftn for Jos 9:4 cj, see 7493

7473 I. צַיִד (ṣǎ·yiḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6718; TWOT 1885a, 1886a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 wild game, i.e., animals, as the object of the hunter’s pursuit, which must be hunted in contrast to domestic animals (Ge 25:28; 27:3, 5, 7, 19, 25, 31, 33; Lev 17:13; Pr 12:27+), note: for Ge 27:3 Q, see 7476; 2. LN 44 hunting, i.e., the act. of pursuing wild game (Ge 10:9; 25:27; 27:30+)

7474 II. צַיִד (ṣǎ·yiḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6718; TWOT 1885a—LN 5.1–5.22 food supply, provisions, i.e., a collection of food-stuffs for consumption (Jos 9:5, 14; Ne 13:15; Job 38:41; Ps 132:15+)

7475 צַיָּד (ṣǎy·yāḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6719; TWOT 1885b—LN 44 hunter, i.e., one who pursues wild prey (Jer 16:16+)

7476 צֵידָה (ṣê·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6720; TWOT 1886b—LN 5.1–5.22 food, provisions, food-supplies, i.e., a collection of food-stuffs for consumption (Ge 27:3 K; 42:25; 45:21; Ex 12:39; Jos 1:11; 9:11; Jdg 7:8; 20:10; 1Sa 22:10; Ps 78:25+), note: for Ge 27:3 Q, see 7473

7477 צִידוֹן (ṣî·ḏôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6721;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sidon: major town of Phoenicia, far NW of Israel proper, (Ge 49:13), see also 7477.5, 7478

צִידוֹן (ṣî·ḏôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6721;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sidon: 1. son of Canaan (Ge 10:15; 1Ch 1:13) 2. the people of Sidon (Jdg 10:6), see also 7477, 7479

7478 צִידוֹן רַבָּה (ṣî·ḏôn rǎb·bā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6721, 7227;—LN 93-place (loc.) Greater Sidon: a city 25 miles N of Tyre (Jos 11:8; 19:28+), see also 7477, 7477.5

צִידֹן (ṣî·ḏōn) BDB: see 7477, 7477.5 (Ge 10:15, 19; 49:13+)

7479 צִידֹנִי (ṣî·ḏō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6722;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Sidonian: pertaining to Sidon (Dt 3:9; Jos 13:4, 6; Jdg 3:3; 10:12; 18:7; 1Ki 5:20[EB 6]; 11:1, 5, 33; 16:31; 2Ki 23:13; 1Ch 22:4; Ezr 3:7; Eze 32:30+), see 7477, 7477.5

7480 צִיָּה (ṣiy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6723; TWOT 1909a—1. LN 1.86–1.87 desert land, i.e., a parched, dry region, with a focus on it not having a reliable source from rain or ground water, and so very dry and parched (Job 24:19; 30:3; Ps 63:2[EB 1]; 78:17; 105:41; 107:35; Isa 35:1; 41:18; 53:2; Jer 2:6; 50:12; 51:43; Eze 19:13; Hos 2:5[EB 3]; Joel 2:20; Zep 2:13+); 2. LN 14.10–14.14 drought, i.e., a prolonged period of no rain in an area as a weather event (Job 24:19+)

7481 צָיוֹן (ṣāy·wōn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6724; TWOT 1909b—LN 1.86–1.87 desert land, i.e., a parched, dry region, with a focus on it not having a reliable source from rain or ground water, and so very dry and parched (Isa 25:5; 32:2+)

7482 צִיּוֹן (ṣiy·yôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6726; TWOT 1910—LN 93-place (loc.) Zion: hill in SE Jerusalem (2Ki 19:31), note: often referring the places, persons, aspirations, and God of the covenant of Israel

7483 צִיּוּן (ṣiy·yûn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6725; TWOT 1887a—LN 33.476–33.489 sign, marker, i.e., an object used as a non-verbal communication to identify a place or direction (2Ki 23:17; Jer 31:21; Eze 39:15+), note: used to mark road directions, or be a tomb marker

7484 צִיחָא (ṣî·ḥā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6727;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ziha: 1. ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:43; Ne 7:46+) 2. overseer of temple servants (Ne 11:21+)

צִיחָה (ṣî·ḥā(h)) Lisowsky: see 7484

צִיִּים (ṣiy·yîm): see 7470

צִים (ṣîm) BDB: see 7469

צִין (ṣîn) BDB: see 7554

7485 צִינֹק (ṣî·nōq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6729; TWOT 1941a—LN 6.26–6.28 restraints, i.e., a punishing device that constrains, and holds the body, possibly in an uncomfortable position (Jer 29:26+), note: some give the meaning as specifically a neck-restraining device (NIV) neck-iron; (NASB) iron-collar; (RSV, NRSV, NJB) collar; other sources translate more generally as the stock device as a whole (BDB, NAB, NEB, REB, Tanakh) pillory; (ASV) shackles; (KJV, NKJV) stocks

7486 צִיעֹר (ṣî·ʿōr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6730;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zior: town in Judah (Jos 15:54+)

ציף (ṣyp) BDB: see 7431 (1Ch 6:20[EB 35] K+)

7487 צִיף (ṣîp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6689;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ziph: ancestor of Samuel (1Ch 6:20[EB 35] K+), note: most versions translate the Q, see 7431

צִיץ (ṣîṣ) BDB: v.—see 7437

7488 I. צִיץ (ṣîṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6731; TWOT 1911—1. LN 3.47–3.59 flower, i.e., the blossom of a plant (Nu 17:23[EB 8]; Job 14:2; Ps 103:15; Isa 28:1; 40:6, 7, 8+), see also 7491; 2. LN 6.96–6.101 flower figure, i.e., a crafted adornment on a wall or surface (1Ki 6:18, 29, 32, 35+), note: not a worship image, but rather an artistic shape; 3. LN 6.54–6.67 engraved plaque, plate, i.e., an ornamental metal plate, smooth and shiny, for writing an inscription (Ex 28:36; 39:30; Lev 8:9+)

7489 II. צִיץ (ṣîṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6732;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ziz: near En Gedi, a mountain pass. in SE Judah (2Ch 20:16+)

7490 III. צִיץ (ṣîṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6731; TWOT 1911—1. LN 2.14–2.28 (NIV, NRSV) salt, i.e., a natural mineral substance which can hinder and stop plant growth (Jer 48:9+), note: for another interp, see 7488; note: (NEB?, REB?, NAB?) some change text to 7483; note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 (BDB, most versions) wings, i.e., a part of the body on a bird that makes flight and swift fleeing possible (Jer 48:9+), note: the verbs in this clause are then translated “flee” and not “destroy”; 3. LN 55.7–55.13 flank of an army, formally, wing, i.e., a part of an army that brings destruction to an area (Jer 48:9+), note: “salt” is the preferable translation in this context

7491 צִיצָה (ṣî·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6733;—LN 3.47–3.59 flower, i.e., the blossom of a plant (Isa 28:4+), see also 7488

7492 צִיצִת (ṣî·ṣiṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6734; TWOT 1912—1. LN 6.194 tassel, i.e., a hanging ornamental pendant, somewhat conical in shape, made of a parallel bunch of cords or thread bound on one end and hanging loose and possibly cut on the other (Nu 15:38,39+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 tuft, lock, i.e., a mop or bunch of head-hair (Eze 8:3+)

צִיקְלַג (ṣî·qelǎḡ) BDB: see 7637 (1Ch 4:30; 12:1, 21[EB 20]+)

ציר (ṣyr): see 7493

7493 I. צִיר (ṣîr): v.; ≡ Str 6735, 6737;—LN 33.189–33.217 (hitp) go as a delegation, i.e., go as a group of messengers or envoys (Jos 9:4+), note: some sources change text to 7472, cf. also 9:12

7494 II. צִיר (ṣîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6735, 6737; TWOT 1914a—LN 6.215–6.225 hinge, pivot, i.e., a shaft or pin on which something turns (Pr 26:14+), note: Lisowsky switches order of 2 to 5

7495 III. צִיר (ṣîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6735, 6737; TWOT 1913a—1. LN 37.48–37.95 envoy, authorized messenger, i.e., a person of authority responsible to give a message (Isa 18:2; 57:9; Jer 49:14; Ob 1+); 2. LN 33.189–33.217 messenger, i.e., one who travels, and brings a message to another (Pr 13:17; 25:13+)

7496 IV. צִיר (ṣîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6735, 6737; TWOT 1914b—1. LN 24.77–24.94 pangs, pains, i.e., physical pain intense enough to cause writhing and contractions (1Sa 4:19; Isa 21:3+); 2. LN 25.223–25.250 anguish, torment, i.e., mental pains which cause great distress and anxiety (Isa 13:8; Da 10:16+)

7497 V. צִיר (ṣîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6736; TWOT 1900b—LN 6.96–6.101 idol, i.e., a pagan worship-image of a god (Isa 45:16; Ps 49:15 K+, for Q in Ps., see 7451

7498 צֵל (ṣēl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6738, 6752; TWOT 1921a—1. LN 14.53–14.62 shadow, shade, i.e., the state of interposing something between an object and a light source, with the associative meanings of protection and refreshment, and transitoriness (2Ki 20:9); 2. LN 21.17–21.24 protection, formally, shadow, i.e., that which keeps an object safe from harm or danger as a figurative extension of shade which comes between a light source and an object (Nu 14:9)

צלה (ṣlh): see 7499

7499 צָלָה (ṣā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6740; TWOT 1915—LN 46 (qal) roast, i.e., cook meat with a dry heat, often by placing directly on the heat source (1Sa 2:15; Isa 44:16, 19+)

7500 צִלָּה (ṣil·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6741;—LN 93-pers. (female) Zillah: wife of Lamech (Ge 4:19, 22, 23+)

צלול (ṣlwl) BDB: see 7501

7501 צְלוּל (ṣelûl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6742; TWOT 1922a—see 7508 (Jdg 7:13 K+)

צלח (ṣlḥ): see 7502, 7503

7502 I. צָלַח (ṣā·lǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6743; TWOT 1916, 1917—1. LN 76 (qal) come in power, be forceful, i.e., have an overpowering force/person join (or replace?) a common force, with the result being a strong, successful action which is the will of the overpowering person or force, implying the force is swift or sudden as well as forceful (Jdg 14:6, 19; 15:14; 1Sa 10:6, 10; 11:6; 16:13; 18:10+), see also domain LN 74; 2. LN 68.79–68.82 (qal) rush, sweep, i.e., to move with rapidity and suddenness, with a focus that this movement has considerable force (2Sa 19:18[EB 17]; Am 5:6+)

7503 II. צָלַח (ṣā·lǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6743; TWOT 1916—1. LN 68.22–68.33 (qal) succeed, i.e., to successfully accomplish a task or goal (Nu 14:41; Isa 54:17; Eze 16:13; 17:9, 10, 15; Da 11:27+); (hif) make a success (Ge 24:21); 2. LN 22.42–22.47 (qal) prosper, thrive, i.e., be in a state of having sufficient or considerable possessions, or be in a favorable circumstance (Isa 53:10; Jer 12:1; Jer 22:30), see also domain LN 57.22–57.24; (hif) grant prosperity (Ge 39:2; Jos 1:8); 3. LN 39.52–39.61 (qal) be victorious, i.e., be in a state of having conquered an opponent (Ps 45:5[EB 4]+); (hif) cause victory (1Ki 22:12); 4. LN 65.30–65.39 (qal) be useful, i.e., be in a state of having a valid function or use (Jer 13:7, 10; Eze 15:4+); 5. LN 56.20–56.34 (hif) win a case, formally, succeed, i.e., cause a defendant to become acquitted by giving a useful, potent defense (Jer 5:28)

צֵלָחָה (ṣē·lā·ḥā(h)) BDB: see 7506

7504 צְלֹחִית (ṣelō·ḥîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6746; TWOT 1918c—LN 6.118–6.151 dish, shallow bowl, i.e., a container to hold condiments or food (2Ki 2:20+), cf. also 7505; note: (NKJV, NIV, RSV, NRSV, NJB, NAB, NEB, REB, ) bowl; (KJV, ASV) cruse; (NASB) jar; (BDB, Tanakh) dish

7505 צַלַּחַת (ṣǎl·lǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 6745, 6747; TWOT 1918b—LN 6.118–6.151 dish, i.e., a relatively shallow container used to serve and eat food (2Ki 21:13; Pr 19:24; 26:15+), cf. also 7504

7506 צֵלַחַת (ṣē·lǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 6747; TWOT 1918b—LN 6.118–6.151 pan, cooking-pot, i.e., a container which is used to cook food (2Ch 35:13+)

7507 צָלִי (ṣā·lî): adj. [see also 7507.5]; ≡ Str 6748; TWOT 1915a—LN 46 roasted, i.e., pertaining to food cooked with dry heat, either on or just above a fire (Ex 12:8, 9+)

צָלִי (ṣā·lî): n.masc. [served by 7507]; ≡ Str 6748; TWOT 1915a—LN 5.1–5.22 roasted meat, i.e., animal flesh which is cooked with dry heat (Isa 44:16+)

7508 צְלִיל (ṣelîl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6742; TWOT 1922a—LN 5.1–5.22 round loaf, cake ball, i.e., a processed loaf of bread, with a focus on the shape as being round or disk-shaped, and so able to roll (Jdg 7:13 Q+), note: some sources prefer the K spelling with the same meaning, see 7501

I. צלל (ṣll): see 7509

II. צלל (ṣll): see 7510

III. צלל (ṣll): see 7511

7509 I. צָלַל (ṣā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6750; TWOT 1919—1. LN 25.206–25.222 (qal) be confused, be stunned, formally, ring or tingle, i.e., be in a state of surprise or astonishment, implying awe bordering on fear, as a figurative extension of a ringing of the ears, assumedly after being stunned by being hit in the head (1Sa 3:11; 2Ki 21:12; Jer 19:3+), note: see also domain LN 32.19–32.23; 2. LN 25.206–25.222 (qal) quiver, shake, i.e., the non-linear motion of a body part as a basal response of the body to fear or awe (Hab 3:16+), see also domain LN 16

7510 II. צָלַל (ṣā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6749; TWOT 1920—LN 15.107–15.117 (qal pf.) sink down, i.e., descend into a mass or liquid (Ex 15:10+)

7511 III. צָלַל (ṣā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6751; TWOT 1921—1. LN 14.53–14.62 (qal pf.) grow darker, i.e., have an increasing condition of darkness (Ne 13:19+); 2. LN 14.53–14.62 (hif ptcp.) give shade, i.e., cause a shadow by interposing something between an object and a light source (Eze 31:3+)

צִלְלוֹ (ṣil·lô) BDB: see 7498

צִלְלֵי (ṣil·lê): see 7498

צְלָלִים (ṣelā·lîm) BDB: see 7498

7512 I. צֶלֶם (ṣě·lěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6754; TWOT 1923a—1. LN 6.96–6.101 image, idol, i.e., a created and formed artifact that is worshiped as or as representing a pagan deity (Nu 33:52; 2Ki 11:18; 2Ch 23:17; Eze 7:20; 16:17; 23:14; Am 5:26+), note: for another interp in Ps 39:7[EB 6]; 73:20, see 7513; 2. LN 58.58–58.62 image, likeness, i.e., that which is a pattern, model, or example of something (Ge 1:26, 27; 5:3; 9:6+), note: the exact reference of whether this is moral, ethical, physical, nature, etc. is not clear; 3. LN 6.96–6.101 model, figures, i.e., a two or three dimensional painted or sculptured representation of something, but not necessarily a worship object (1Sa 6:5,11+)

7513 II. צֶלֶם (ṣě·lěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6754; TWOT 1923a—LN 58.14–58.18 phantom, semblance, fantasy, formally, a shadowy thing, i.e., something that has none or little real substance but a mere form (Ps 39:7[EB 6]; 73:20+), note: for another interp, see 7512

7514 I. צַלְמוֹן (ṣǎl·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6756;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zalmon: great warrior for David (2Sa 23:28+), see also 6519

7515 II. צַלְמוֹן (ṣǎl·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6756;—LN 93-place (a mountain) Zalmon: 1. see also 7514 2. mountain near Shechem (Jdg 9:48+) 3. region or mountain somewhere in Bashan (Ps 68:15[EB 14]+)

7516 צַלְמָוֶת (ṣǎl·mā·wěṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6757; TWOT 1921b—1. LN 14.53–14.62 deep shadow, darkness, i.e., a condition of darkness associated with gloom, danger, and foreboding (Job 3:5); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 rings around the eyes, i.e., a condition of circles or shadows around the eyes, showing an unhealthy condition (Job 16:16); 3. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: אֶרֶץ (ʾě·rěṣ) … צַלְמָוֶת (ṣǎl·mā·wěṯ) place of death, formally, land of shadow, i.e., a place under the earth where the dead reside (Job 10:21); 4. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: שַׁעַר צַלְמָוֶת (šǎ·ʿǎr ṣǎl·mā·wěṯ) place of death, formally, gates of shadow, i.e., a place under the earth where the dead reside (Job 38:17)

7517 צַלְמֹנָה (ṣǎl·mō·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6758;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zalmonah: stopping place in the wilderness wandering (Nu 33:41, 42+)

7518 צַלְמֻנָּע (ṣǎl·mǔn·nāʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6759;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zalmunna: Midianite king (Jdg 8:5–21 passim; Ps 83:12[EB 11]+)

צלע (ṣlʿ): see 7519

7519 צָלַע (ṣā·lǎʿ): v. [see also 7522.5]; ≡ Str 6760; TWOT 1925—LN 15.224–15.229 (qal) limp, i.e., walk in faltering manner, favoring one leg (Ge 32:32[EB 31]+)

7520 צֶלַע (ṣě·lǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6761; TWOT 1925a—LN 15.118–15.122 stumbling, falling, slipping, i.e., the act. of becoming unstable and crashing to the ground in a random, potentially hurtful manner, and be in a vulnerable position to attack (Job 18:12; Ps 35:15; 38:18[EB 17]; Jer 20:10+), note: these contexts can refer to “opportunities” to be attacked, see also LN 67.1–67.16

צֵלַע (ṣē·lǎʿ) BDB: see 7522

7521 I. צֵלָע (ṣē·lāʿ): n.fem. and masc. [1Ki 6:34 2xs +]; ≡ Str 6763; TWOT 1924a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 rib, i.e., bones and cartilage around the heart and lungs of the human body (Ge 2:21, 22); 2. LN 79.108 side, i.e., an area lateral to an object (Ex 25:12); 3. LN 7.26–7.53 side room, i.e., a part of a building (1Ki 6:5, 8); 4. LN 7.77–7.79 plank, board, i.e., a processed piece of wood used in construction (1Ki 6:15; 7:3), note: context will determine the size and shape of the beam or board; 5. LN 6.215–6.225 door leaf, i.e., a part on a door that makes a part of a hinge (1Ki 6:34), note: for MT text in 1Ki 6:34b, see 7846

7522 II. צֵלָע (ṣē·lāʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6762;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zela (Zelah NIV Jos): town in Benjamin (Jos 18:28; 2Sa 21:14+)

צֹלֵעָה (ṣō·lē·ʿā(h)): n.fem. [oth qal act.ptcp. fs of 7519]; ≡ Str 6762;—LN 23.142–23.184 the lame, i.e., a class of persons that walk with difficulty, with the associative meaning of being persons of low class, see also domain LN 87.58–87.75 (Mic 4:6, 7; Zep 3:19+)

7523 צָלָף (ṣā·lāp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6764;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zalaph: father of a wall builder (Ne 3:30+)

7524 צְלָפְחָד (ṣelāp̄·ḥāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6765;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zelophehad: of Manassah, whose daughters received inheritance (Nu 26:33; 27:1, 7; Nu 36:2, 6, 10, 11; Jos 17:3; 1Ch 7:15+)

7525 צֶלְצַח (ṣěl·ṣǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6766;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zelzah: border town of Judah-Benjamin (1Sa 10:2+)

7526 צְלָצַל (ṣelā·ṣǎl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6767; TWOT 1919a, 1919b, 1919c—LN 4.47–4.50 locust, i.e., ceremonially clean insect, so eatable: a swarming insect, the locust, in the mature wing stage, of the family Acrididae, so making buzzing sounds with the wings (Dt 28:42+), see also 7527; (KB, Holladay) identifies as the mole-cricket Gryllotalpa vulgaris, so making clicking sounds by rubbing the legs together

7527 I. צִלְצָל (ṣil·ṣāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6767; TWOT 1919a—LN 14.74–14.86 whirring, buzzing, i.e., the sound of myriads of insect wings flying (Isa 18:1+), see also 7526

7528 II. צִלְצָל (ṣil·ṣāl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6767; TWOT 1919a—LN 6.10–6.13 fishing spear, harpoon, i.e., a fishing implement for piercing and apprehending water creatures, usually fish (Job 40:31[EB 41:7]+)

צֶלְצְלִים (ṣěl·ṣelîm) BDB, Lisowsky: see 7529

7529 צֶלְצֶלִים (ṣěl·ṣě·lîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 6767; TWOT 1919a—LN 6.83–6.95 cymbals, i.e., a pair of round, metal musical percussion instruments which are struck together to make a rhythmic sound (2Sa 6:5; Ps 150:5+), see also 5199; note: a cymbal can be large or small and held either vertically or horizontally, depending on context; note: some sources are not convinced of this meaning

7530 צֶלֶק (ṣě·lěq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6768;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zelek: great Ammonite warrior for David (2Sa 23:37; 1Ch 11:39+)

7531 צִלְּתַי (ṣil·leṯǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6769;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zillethai: 1. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:20+) 2. of Manasseh (1Ch 12:21[EB 20]+)

צמא (ṣmʾ): see 7532

7532 I. צָמֵא (ṣā·mē(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 6770; TWOT 1926—1. LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) thirst, be thirsty, i.e., be in a dehydrated state and so desire to drink fluid (Ex 17:3; Jdg 4:19; 15:18; Ru 2:9; Job 24:11; Pr 25:21; Isa 48:21; 49:10; 65:13+); 2. LN 25.12–25.32 desire, formally, thirst, i.e., to intensely desire something as a figurative extension of be in a state of needing to drink water (Ps 42:3[EB 2]; 63:2[EB 1]+)

7533 צָמָא (ṣā·mā(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6772; TWOT 1926a—1. LN 23.1–23.39 thirst, i.e., a state of extreme dehydration and so desire water (Ex 17:3; Dt 28:48; Jdg 15:18; 2Ch 32:11; Ne 9:15, 20; Ps 69:22[EB 21]; 104:11; Isa 5:13; 41:17; 50:2; La 4:4; Am 8:11, 13+); 2. LN 1.60–1.68 parched ground, dryness, formally, thirst, i.e., a very dry piece of land due to a state of dryness (Jer 48:18; Eze 19:13; Hos 2:5[EB 3]+); note: in Jer 48:18, some sources change text to 7362, 7363

7534 II. צָמֵא (ṣā·mē(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 6771; TWOT 1926b—1. LN 23.1–23.39 thirsty, i.e., pertaining to a state or persons that are dehydrated and so desire water (2Sa 17:29; Job 5:5; Ps 107:5; Isa 21:14; 29:8; 32:6; 55:1+), note: for MT text in Job 5:5, see 7545; 2. LN 79.78–79.83 dry, i.e., pertaining to an object not having any moisture and so be in a parched condition (Dt 29:18[EB 19]; Isa 44:3+)

7535 צִמְאָה (ṣim·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6773; TWOT 1926c—LN 23.1–23.39 dryness, parchedness, i.e., a dehydrated state or condition, and so not having salivary moisture in the mouth (Jer 2:25+)

7536 צִמָּאוֹן (ṣim·mā·ʾôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6774; TWOT 1926d—LN 1.86–1.87 parched ground, i.e., a very dry area with no moisture in the soil (Dt 8:15; Ps 107:33; Isa 35:7+), see also domain LN 1.60–1.68

צמד (ṣmd): see 7537

7537 צָמַד (ṣā·mǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 6775; TWOT 1927—1. LN 34.1–34.21 (nif) be joined together, yoked, i.e., pertaining to being in an association based on common beliefs or actions (Nu 25:3, 5; Ps 106:28+), note: in context a joining in worship or homage, as a figurative extension of yoking or strapping two animals together; 2. LN 18.12–18.23 (pual) strapped, i.e., pertaining to fastening an object onto the body (2Sa 20:8+); 3. LN 42.7–42.28 (hif) make use, do, formally, harness or attach to, i.e., do or perform a certain function as a figurative extension of harnessing an animal to pull a plow (Ps 50:19+), note: in context, the performance of speaking words

7538 צֶמֶד (ṣě·měḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6776; TWOT 1927a—1. LN 60.79–60.80 pair, i.e., a collective of two of something (Jdg 19:3, 10; 1Sa 11:7; 2Sa 16:1; 1Ki 19:19, 21; 2Ki 5:17; 9:25; Job 1:3; 42:12; Isa 21:7, 9; Jer 51:23+), note: 2Sa 16:1 is in life-context difficult to picture a mere two donkeys be loaded with that many supplies, and so NIV translate as “string” of donkeys, possibly with the meaning of a pair of strings of animals; 2. LN 81 acre, i.e., a specific measurement of area, a considerable amount of land, though exact square footage is unknown (1Sa 14:14; Isa 5:10+), see also 5103 for more discussion

7539 צַמָּה (ṣǎm·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6777; TWOT 1929a—LN 6.152–6.187 veil, i.e., an ornamental covering for a woman’s face (SS 4:1, 3; 6:7; Isa 47:2+)

צִמּוּק (ṣim·mûq) BDB: see 7540

7540 צִמּוּקִים (ṣim·mû·qîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6778; TWOT 1930a—LN 5.1–5.22 raisin cakes, i.e., a pressed-together lump of dried grapes (1Sa 25:18; 30:12; 2Sa 16:1; 1Ch 12:41[EB 40]+)

צמח (ṣmḥ): see 7541

7541 צָמַח (ṣā·mǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6779; TWOT 1928—1. LN 23.188–23.196 (qal) sprout up, spring up, i.e., have a living thing grow out of a source, and so increase in size or length (Ge 2:5; 41:6, 23; Ex 10:5; Lev 13:37; Job 8:19; Ecc 2:6; Isa 44:4; Eze 17:6; Zec 6:12+), note: in context; plants from the ground, hair or horns from the body; note: in some contexts this can refer to an event happening; (piel) grow (Jdg 16:22; 2Sa 10:5; 1Ch 19:5; Eze 16:7+); (hif) cause to grow (Ge 2:9; 3:18; Dt 29:22[EB 23]; Job 38:27; Ps 104:14; 132:17; 147:8; Isa 45:8; 55:10; 61:11a; Jer 33:15; Eze 29:21+), note: “make a horn grow” refers to raising a vital leader, or be self-governing; 2. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) happen, formally, spring up as growth, i.e., have an event happen, implying vitality and spontaneousness, as a figurative extension of a living thing grow (Job 5:6; Ps 85:12[EB 11]; Isa 58:8+); (hif) happen, spring forth (Isa 61:11b+); 3. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) exit, i.e., have something spring into being which has not existed before, as a figurative extension of new growth of a plant (Isa 42:9; 43:19+); 4. LN 68.22–68.33 (hif) cause completion, bring to fruition, i.e., bring an event or condition to a successful end (2Sa 23:5+)

7542 צֶמַח (ṣě·mǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6780; TWOT 1928a—1. LN 3.1 vegetation, growth, i.e., any living plants which sprout and grow (Ge 19:25; Ps 65:11[EB 10]; Isa 61:11; Eze 16:7; 17:9+); 2. LN 59.62–59.71 growth, i.e., the process of living vegetation growing and so increasing the mass of the plant (Eze 17:10+); 3. LN 53.66–53.95 the Branch, i.e., title of a future king from the lineage tree of David (Isa 4:2; Jer 23:5; 33:15; Zec 3:8; 6:12+); 4. LN 3.33–3.46 head of a stalk, i.e., a fruit part of a plant (Hos 8:7+)

7543 I. צָמִיד (ṣā·mîḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6781; TWOT 1927b, 1927c—LN 6.188–6.196 bracelet, i.e., a round, metal ornament worn on the wrists (Ge 24:22, 30, 47; Nu 31:50; Eze 16:11; 23:42+)

7544 II. צָמִיד (ṣā·mîḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6781; TWOT 1927b—LN 6.215–6.225 lid, cover, i.e., a moveable cover for the top of a vessel such as a pot or jar (Nu 19:15+), see also domain LN 6.118–6.151

7545 צַמִּים (ṣǎm·mîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6782; TWOT 1929b—LN 6.23–6.25 snare, trap, i.e., a device to capture an animal (Job 5:5; 18:9+), note: the actual device may be any device from a net to a loop, or some other device; note: for NIV parsing in Job 5:5, see 7534

צְמִיתֻת (ṣemî·ṯǔṯ) BDB: see 7552 (Lev 25:30+)

צמק (ṣmq): see 7546

7546 צָמַק (ṣā·mǎq): v.; ≡ Str 6784; TWOT 1930—LN 79.78–79.83 (qal ptcp.) be shriveled, dried, i.e., pertaining to a state in which something is physically smaller because there is less fluid in it (Hos 9:14+), note: in context, have non-lactating breasts

7547 צֶמֶר (ṣě·měr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6785; TWOT 1931a—1. LN 8.15 wool, i.e., the hair of a sheep not yet processed (Jdg 6:37; 2Ki 3:4; Ps 147:16; Isa 1:18+); 2. LN 6.171 wool, i.e., a material for making clothing and fabric, originally from the hair of sheep (Lev 13:47, 48, 52, 59; Dt 22:11; Pr 31:13; Isa 51:8; Eze 27:18; 34:3; 44:17; Hos 2:7[EB 5],11[EB 9]+)

7548 צְמָרִי (ṣemā·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6786;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Zemarite: pertaining to a clan of Canaan that lived N of Lebanon (Ge 10:18; 1Ch 1:16+)

7549 צְמָרַיִם (ṣemā·rǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6787;—LN 93-place (a mountain) Zemaraim: 1. N border town of Benjamin, (Jos 18:22+) 2. N of Jerusalem, a mountain in the hill country of Ephraim (2Ch 13:4+)

7550 צַמֶּרֶת (ṣǎm·mě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6788; TWOT 1931b—1. LN 3.47–3.59 tree-top, i.e., the uppermost part of a tree (Eze 17:3; 31:3, 10, 14+); 2. LN 3.47–3.59 shoot, sprig, i.e., a small branch from the top of a tree (Eze 17:22+), note: used to start a new plant

צמת (ṣmt): see 7551

7551 צָמַת (ṣā·mǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 6789; TWOT 1932—1. LN 33.117–33.125 (qal) silence, i.e., be in a state of refraining from talking or speaking (La 3:53+); (nif) be silenced (Job 23:17+); (hif) put to silence (Ps 101:5, 8; 143:12+); 2. LN 68.34–68.57 (nif) cease, i.e., have an event or state stop (Job 6:17+); 3. LN 23.78–23.87 (pilpel) wear out, i.e., become weary or tired as a figurative extension of being silent and not active (Ps 119:139+); 4. LN 25.288–25.296 (pilpel) cause discouragement, i.e., destroy one’s hope and so be in a despondent state as a feeling or attitude (Ps 88:17[EB 16]+); 5. LN 20.12–20.30 (hif) destroy, i.e., cause harm, injury, or death to an object with a focus that the result will be that the enemy can no longer talk or move, as a figurative extension of causing one to be silent (2Sa 22:41; Ps 18:41[EB 40]; 54:7[EB 5]; 69:5[EB 4]; 73:27; 94:23+)

7552 צְמִתֻת (ṣemi·ṯǔṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6783; TWOT 1932a—LN 57.1–57.21 permanent possession, finality of a purchase, i.e., forfeiture of the right of repurchase and so have permanent possession of something (Lev 25:23, 30+)

7553 צֵן (ṣēn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6791; TWOT 1936a—LN 3.47–3.59 thorn, i.e., a sharp-pointed, short, firm, leafless modified branch (Job 5:5; Pr 22:5+), see also 7559

7554 צִן (ṣin): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6790;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zin: desert area SW of Dead Sea, NW of Elath (Nu 13:21; 20:1; 27:14; 33:36; 34:3, 4; Dt 32:51; Jos 15:1, 3+)

7555 צֹנָא (ṣō·nā(ʾ)): [n.masc.]; ≡ Str 6792; TWOT 1864a, 1933—LN 4.28 coll. flocks, i.e., a congregation of small mammals such as sheep and goats (Nu 32:24+), note: see also 7356; note: NIV text is 7366

7556 צֹנֶה (ṣō·ně(h)): [n.masc.]; ≡ Str 6792; TWOT 1864a—LN 4.28 coll. flocks, i.e., a congregation of small mammals such as sheep and goats (Ps 8:8[EB 7]+), see also 7355

7557 I. צִנָּה (ṣin·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6793; TWOT 1936b, 1937a, 1938a—LN 79.70–79.77 coolness, cold, i.e., the state of not being hot or warm as a weather condition (Pr 25:13+)

7558 II. צִנָּה (ṣin·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6793; TWOT 1936b—LN 6.29–6.40 shield, i.e., a large rectangular covering for the whole body, used as a defensive, protecting weapon of war (1Sa 17:7, 41; 1Ki 10:16; 1Ch 12:9[EB 8],25[EB 24],35[EB 34]; 2Ch 9:15; 11:12; 14:7[EB 8]; 25:5; Ps 5:13[EB 12]; 35:2; 91:4; Jer 46:3; Eze 23:24; 26:8; 38:4; 39:9+)

7559 III. צִנָּה (ṣin·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6793; TWOT 1936b—LN 6.14–6.22 hook, gaff, i.e., an implement to pierce, attach to, and drag relatively heavy object such as fish, animals, or corpses (Am 4:2+), see also 7553

7560 צָנוּעַ (ṣā·nûaʿ): adj.; ≡ Str 6800; TWOT 1939—LN 88.51–88.58 humble, modest, i.e., pertaining to humility and lack of pretentiousness or pride (Pr 11:2+)

צנוף (ṣnwp) Holladay, BDB: see 7561, 7565, 7571

7561 צָנוּף (ṣā·nûp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6797; TWOT 1940a—see 7561, 7565, 7571 (Isa 62:3 K+)

7562 צִנּוֹר (ṣin·nôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6794; TWOT 1942a—1. LN 1.69–1.78 water-supply, i.e., the entire water system of a city, which would include all conduits and channels (2Sa 5:8+), note: for fuller discussion of other possible meanings, see WBC11:84; 2. LN 1.69–1.78 cataract, formally, water-shaft, i.e., a waterfall off a precipice making a great noise (Ps 42:8[EB 7]+); note: pos. in context this could be an ocean water-spout, and not a river waterfall; note: some sources suggest “water-spout, waterfall, water-shaft; trident; thunderbolt.”

צנח (ṣnḥ): see 7563

7563 צָנַח (ṣā·nǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6795; TWOT 1934—1. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal impf.) to beat down, strike an object in a downward motion (Jdg 4:21+); 2. LN 15.118–15.122 (qal impf.) (most versions) get down, alight, dismount, go down, get off, i.e., fall off a higher object to a lower level, yet in a controlled manner (Jos 15:18; Jdg 1:14+), note: for another interp, see next; 3. LN 16 (qal impf.) (KB, Holladay) clap, i.e., a motion of striking the hands together in a manner that makes a sound, see also domain LN 33.476–33.489 (Jos 15:18; Jdg 1:14+); 4. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal impf.) (NEB) pass. wind, i.e., make a sound of passing gas, see also domain LN 8.70–8.77 (Jos 15:18; Jdg 1:14+), note: “alight” is the most likely contextual meaning

צָנִין (ṣā·nîn) BDB: see 7564

7564 צְנִינִים (ṣenî·nîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6796; TWOT 1936c—LN 6.26–6.28 thorn, i.e., a sharp-pointed, short, firm, leafless modified branch, used as a torture device in these contexts (Nu 33:55; Jos 23:13+), see also domain LN 3.47–3.59

7565 צָנִיף (ṣā·nîp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6797; TWOT 1940a—LN 6.152–6.187 turban, head-wrap, i.e., an ornamental headdress cap made by wrapping cloth around and around on the head (Job 29:14; Isa 62:3 Q; Zec 3:5+), see also 7566; note: NIV translates “diadem” in Isaiah

7566 צְנִיפָה (ṣenî·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6797; TWOT 1940a—LN 6.152–6.187 turban, i.e., an ornamental headdress worn on a woman, made by wrapping cloth around and around on the head (Isa 3:23+), see also 7565; note: NIV translates “tiara.”

7567 צָנַם (ṣā·nǎm): v.; ≡ Str 6798; TWOT 1935—LN 79.78–79.83 (qal pass. ptcp. fp) be withered, i.e., pertaining to having all the moisture out of an object and so be dry, hard and physically smaller than normal (Ge 41:23+), for another parsing, see 7568

7568 צָנֻם (ṣā·nǔm): adj. [BDB: qal pass.ptcp.fem. of 7567]; ≡ Str 6798; TWOT 1935—LN 79.78–79.83 withered, i.e., pertaining to having all the moisture out of an object and so be dry, hard and physically smaller than normal, implying destruction or barrenness (Ge 41:23+)

7569 צְנָן (ṣenān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6799;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zenan: town in the western Judah (Jos 15:37+), note: possibly related to 7367

צְנִנִים (ṣeni·nîm): see 7564 (Jos 23:13+)

צנע (ṣnʿ): see 7570

7570 צָנַע (ṣā·nǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 6800; TWOT 1939—LN 88.51–88.58 (hif inf. abs.) show a humble action, formally, act. carefully, i.e., act. in a manner respectful and careful of another’s direction, showing the quality of humility, implying wise behavior (Mic 6:8+)

צנף (ṣnp): see 7571

7571 צָנַף (ṣā·nǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 6801; TWOT 1940—1. LN 16 (qal) wrap around, wind around, i.e., a motion of taking a linear strip of cloth and winding around and around (Lev 16:4+); 2. LN 16 (qal) ball up, i.e., wind up something into a tight ball so as to throw (Isa 22:18+), see also 7572

7572 צְנֵפָה (ṣenē·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6802; TWOT 1940b—LN 16 winding, wrapping, i.e., a non-linear motion of rolling or balling a relatively flat object into a sphere or ball (Isa 22:18+), see also 7571

7573 צִנְצֶנֶת (ṣin·ṣě·něṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6803; TWOT 1938b—LN 6.118–6.151 vessel, receptacle, i.e., a container of some kind, likely a jar with a cover (Ex 16:33+)

צַנְתְּרוֹת (ṣǎn·terôṯ) BDB: see 7574

7574 צַנְתָּרוֹת (ṣǎn·tā·rôṯ): n.fem.pl. [BDB: n.masc.pl. ]; ≡ Str 6804; TWOT 1942b—LN 6.118–6.151 pipes, i.e., hollow lengths of conduit to transport liquids (Zec 4:12+)

צעד (ṣʿd): see 7575

7575 צָעַד (ṣā·ʿǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 6805; TWOT 1943—1. LN 15.224–15.229 (qal) march, i.e., walk as a group to a goal (Jdg 5:4; Ps 68:8[EB 7]+); (hif) make march (Job 18:14+); 2. LN 23.188–23.196 (qal) extend, climb, formally, step, i.e., a non-linear movement of a vine or branch as extending from a source as it grows (Ge 49:22+); 3. LN 15.224–15.229 (qal) step, walk, i.e., make a linear motion the distance of a walking stride (2Sa 6:13; Pr 7:8; Jer 10:5+); 4. LN 55.2–55.6 (qal) march, i.e., move a military force to a place to attack (Hab 3:12+)

7576 צַעַד (ṣǎ·ʿǎḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6806; TWOT 1943a—LN 15.224–15.229 step, stride, i.e., a certain length traveled when walking (2Sa 6:13; 22:37; Job 14:16; 18:7; 31:4, 37; 34:21; Ps 18:37[EB 36]; Pr 4:12; 5:5; 16:9; 30:29; Jer 10:23; La 4:18+), see also domain LN 81.12–81.14; note: in some contexts “a step” can refer to an event or series of events

צְעָדָה (ṣeʿā·ḏā(h)) BDB, Lisowsky: see 7577, 7578

7577 I. צְעָדָה (ṣeʿā·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6807; TWOT 1943b, 1943c—LN 15.224–15.229 marching, i.e., walking in a unified, orderly fashion, often in a rhythmic pattern (2Sa 5:24; 1Ch 14:15+)

7578 II. צְעָדָה (ṣeʿā·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6807; TWOT 1943b—LN 6.188–6.196 (NAB) bangle, i.e., an ornamental piece worn on a limb of the body (Isa 3:20+); note: sources are divided on whether arm or leg chains are meant; (Holladay, KB, NIV, NJB, NKJV) ankle chains, leg ornaments; (KJV, NASB) bracelet, (BDB, NEB, REB, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh) armlets; note: some suggest this is a “pace-chain,” i.e., an ornamental chain on the ankles connecting two ankle chains

צעה (ṣʿh): see 7579

7579 צָעָה (ṣā·ʿā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6808; TWOT 1944—1. LN 17.26–17.28 (qal) lay down, i.e., be in a lying position (Jer 2:20+), note: in context, this is the position of sexual intercourse, see also domain LN 23.61–23.65; 2. LN 37.114–37.118 (qal) be a prisoner, i.e., be in a state of captivity with a focus that the prisoner is in a slumped, defeated body position (Isa 51:14+); 3. LN 15.224–15.229 (qal) stride, i.e., walk in a purposeful manner toward a goal, with a focus that the stride causes a slight stooping of the upper body, either due to a weight, or intensity or speed of the stride (Isa 63:1+); 4. LN 46 (qal) tilter, i.e., one who pours out wine from jars (Jer 48:12a+); 5. LN 47.1–47.7 (piel) pour out, decant, i.e., move a mass out of a container (Jer 48:12b+), note: this refers to destruction, see also domain LN 20.31–20.60

7580 צָעוֹר (ṣā·ʿôr): adj.—see 7582 (Jer 14:3 K; 48:4 K+)

7581 צָעִיף (ṣā·ʿîp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6809; TWOT 1946a—LN 6.152–6.187 veil, i.e., a cloth covering for the face (Ge 24:65; 38:14, 19+); note: Holladay translates “wrapper, shawl,” i.e., a piece of clothing that covers the shoulders and upper body of a woman, but in context could also cover the face

7582 I. צָעִיר (ṣā·ʿîr): adj. [see also 7582.5]; ≡ Str 4704, 6810; TWOT 1948a—1. LN 10.49–10.52 younger sibling, i.e., pertaining to a child in a family which has an older sibling, and possibly no siblings younger than himself (Ge 19:31, 34, 35, 38; 25:23; 29:26; 43:33; 48:14; Jos 6:26; 1Ki 16:34+), note: in some contexts these may be nouns as their part of speech; 2. LN 67.116 younger, i.e., pertaining to being relatively young, often the younger of two objects (Job 30:1; 32:6; Jer 48:4; 49:20; 50:45+); 3. LN 87.58–87.75 lowly, small, little, i.e., pertaining to having a low status in a society or family relationship (Jdg 6:15; 1Sa 9:21; Ps 68:28[EB 27]; 119:141; Isa 60:22; Mic 5:1[EB 2]+); 4. LN 79.123–79.128 small, little, i.e., pertaining to having a small physical size (Da 8:9+), note: for another parsing, see 7584; 5. LN 35.19–35.30 servant, i.e., persons of low status that does tasks for a superior, possibly owned as a slave (Jer 14:3+), see also domain LN 87.76–87.86

צָעִיר (ṣā·ʿîr): n.masc.—see 7582

7583 II. צָעִיר (ṣā·ʿîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6811;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zair: town, possibly in Edom (2Ki 8:21+)

7584 צְעִירָה (ṣeʿî·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6812; TWOT 1948b—1. LN 10.49–10.52 youngest offspring, i.e., the state or condition of a sibling with only older siblings, often with relatively low status and rights in relation to other siblings (Ge 43:33+); 2. LN 79.123–79.128 smallness, i.e., the state or condition being diminutive and so not being large (Da 8:9+), for another parsing, see 7582

צען (ṣʿn): see 7585

7585 צָעַן (ṣā·ʿǎn): v.; ≡ Str 6813; TWOT 1945—LN 16 (qal impf.) load, i.e., pack up an object, as a non-linear movement, implying then it will be moved to another area (Isa 33:20+), see also domain LN 44

7586 צֹעַן (ṣō·ʿǎn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6814;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zoan: city in NE Egypt, known elsewhere as Tanis (Nu 13:22; Ps 78:12, 43; Isa 19:11, 13; 30:4; Eze 30:14+)

7587 צְעַנִּים (ṣeʿǎn·nîm): n.pr.—see 7588 (loc.) (Jdg 4:11 K+)

7588 צַעֲנַנִּים (ṣǎ·ʿǎnǎn·nîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6815;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zaanannim: place on S border of Naphtali (Jos 19:33; Jdg 4:11+), note: for another interp, with the preposition בְּ־ (b) in the name, see 1300

7589 צַעֲצֻעִים (ṣǎ·ʿǎṣǔ·ʿîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 6816; TWOT 1891a—1. LN 45 (coll.) casting, sculpturing, i.e., the act. of forming an artistic image in metal cast (2Ch 3:10+); 2. LN 6.96–6.101 unit: מַעֲשֶׂה צַעֲצֻעִים (mǎ·ʿǎśě(h) ṣǎ·ʿǎṣǔ·ʿîm) image, formally, work of casting, i.e., a sculptured image, of religious significance, but not a pagan idol of deity (2Ch 3:10+)

צעק (ṣʿq): see 7590

7590 צָעַק (ṣā·ʿǎq): v.; ≡ Str 6817; TWOT 1947—1. LN 33.307–33.314 (qal) cry out, i.e., to call out loudly either because of a distance to the object (Dt 22:24, 27; 1Ki 20:39); (piel) cry out (2Ki 2:12+); 2. LN 33.307–33.314 (nif) called out, be summoned, i.e., call persons to come together (Jdg 7:23, 24; 10:17; 12:1; 1Sa 13:4; 2Ki 3:21+); (hif) call together, summon (1Sa 10:17+); 3. LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) cry out, i.e., call out for help or in sorrow in an intense, hard situation (Ex 15:25)

7591 צְעָקָה (ṣeʿā·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6818; TWOT 1947a—LN 25.135–25.145 cry of distress, outcry, wailing, i.e., sounds which often indicate sorrow, despair, and pain (Ge 18:21; 19:13; 27:34; Ex 3:7, 9; 11:6; 12:30; 22:22[EB 23]; 1Sa 4:14; 9:16; Ne 5:1; Job 27:9; 34:28; Ps 9:13[EB 12]; Isa 5:7; Jer 25:36; 48:3, 5; 49:21; Zep 1:10+), see also domain LN 33.69–33.108

צער (ṣʿr): see 7592

7592 צָעַר (ṣā·ʿǎr): v. [see also 7593.5]; ≡ Str 6819; TWOT 1948—LN 87.58–87.75 (qal) be trivial, be insignificant, i.e., be or be brought into a state of low status (Job 14:21; Jer 30:19+)

7593 צֹעַר (ṣō·ʿǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6820;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zoar: town of the plain of Jordan, 5 mi. S of the very end of Dead Sea, (Ge 13:10; 14:2, 8; 19:22, 23, 30; Dt 34:3; Isa 15:5; Jer 48:34+), see also 1186

צֹעֵר (ṣō·ʿēr): n.masc. [served by 7592]; ≡ Str 6820;—LN 79.123–79.128 little ones, i.e., a creature or person that is immature and relatively small in size, in context likely the sheep (Zec 13:7+), note: some sources say this refers to a shepherd-boy, see also domain LN 10

צפד (ṣpd): see 7594

7594 צָפַד (ṣā·p̄ǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 6821; TWOT 1949—LN 79.78–79.83 (qal pf.) shrivel, i.e., the act. of an object contracting or withering due to a removal of moisture from the object (La 4:8+)

I. צפה (ṣph): see 7595

II. צפה (ṣph): see 7596

7595 I. צָפָה (ṣā·p̄ā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6822; TWOT 1950—1. LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) keep watch, be a lookout, i.e., intently watch a situation using primarily the eye-gate, but possibly also using other senses, implying a future hope or expectation (Pr 15:3); (piel) watch, lookout (1Sa 4:13; Ps 5:4[EB 3]; Jer 48:19; Mic 7:7+); 2. LN 37.119–37.126 (qal) be a watchman, i.e., be a lookout and sentry for a city or post (Hos 9:8); (piel) guard, watch (Isa 21:6; La 4:17; Mic 7:4; Na 2:2[EB 1]; Hab 2:1+); 3. LN 39.51 (qal) ambush, i.e., to hide oneself, and proceed in secret to attack an object (Ps 37:32); (qal pass.) be ambushed (Job 15:22 Q+), note: some parse Nu 23:14 as a n.pr. see 7614, or common noun, see 7597.5; note: Isa 21:5, see 7596

7596 II. צָפָה (ṣā·p̄ā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6823; TWOT 1951—LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) spread out, arrange, i.e., cover one object over with another covering in an orderly way (Isa 21:5+), note: in context this is usually an act. of adorning in creation or construction of an object, see also domain LN 45; (piel) overlay, cover, adorn (Ex 25:11,13, 24, 28; 26:29,37; 27:2, 6; 30:3, 5; 36:34,36, 38; 37:2, 4, 11, 15, 26, 28; 38:2, 6, 28; 1Ki 6:15,20,21,22,28, 30, 32, 35; 10:18; 2Ki 18:16; 2Ch 3:4, 6, 10; 4:9; 9:17+); (pual) overlaid, be coated (Ex 26:32; Pr 26:23+)

7597 III. צָפָה (ṣā·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6824; TWOT 1892b—LN 23.183 discharge, bleeding, flowing, i.e., the out-flow of a liquid from the body, implying a sick or weakened condition caused by a blow or wound (Eze 32:6+), note: see also domain LN 14.17–14.35 or LN 47.1–47.7

צֹפֶה (ṣō·p̄ě(h)): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 7595]; ≡ Str 6824; TWOT 1892b—LN 37.119–37.126 lookout, i.e., a person who is a guard or watchman over a city or post (Nu 23:14; 1Sa 14:16; 2Sa 13:34; 18:24, 25, 26,27; 2Ki 9:17, 18, 20; Isa 52:8; 56:10; Jer 6:17; Eze 3:17; 33:2, 6,7; Hos 9:8+)

7598 צְפוֹ (ṣep̄ô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6825;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zepho: grandson of Esau (Ge 36:11, 15+), note: for MT text in 1Ch 1:36+, see 7609

7599 צִפּוּי (ṣip·pûy): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6826; TWOT 1951a—LN 6.188–6.196 plating, overlayment, gild, i.e., a relatively thin hammered-sheet of malleable precious metal which is attached to an artifact by a craftsman for ornamental purposes (Ex 38:17, 19; Nu 17:3[EB 16:38],4[EB 16:39]; Isa 30:22+)

7600 I. צָפוֹן (ṣā·p̄ôn): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6828; TWOT 1953b—1. LN 82.1–82.6 north, northern, i.e., one of the four compass points which is the left hand or side of the body as one orients oneself by facing east (1Sa 14:5), see also 7601, 7603; 2. LN 14.4–14.9 north wind, i.e., a wind which blows from the north direction (SS 4:16+)

7601 II. צָפוֹן (ṣā·p̄ôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6829;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zaphon: 1. town of Gad (Jos 13:27; Jdg 12:1) 2. a mountain where the Canaanite gods lived and judged, similar to the Greek Mt. Olympus (Isa 14:13; Ps 48:3[EB 2]+), note: some also place Job 26:7; Ps 89:13[EB 12]; Eze 32:30 here, oth see 7600

צָפוּן (ṣā·p̄ûn): n.masc. [oth qal pass. of 7621]—see 7621 (Job 20:26; Ps 17:14; Eze 7:22+)

7602 צְפוֹן (ṣep̄ôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6827;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zephon: of Gad (Nu 26:15+), note: for MT text in Ge 46:16, see 7611, see also 7604; note: for Nu 26:15 cj, see 7611

7603 I. צְפוֹנִי (ṣep̄ô·nî): n.masc. [oth adj.]; ≡ Str 6830; TWOT 1953c—LN 11.55–11.89 coll. northerners, i.e., a group of persons who come from the northern lands (Joel 2:20+), note: in context this refers an invading military unit, see also domain LN 55.7–55.13; note: see BHS ftn for alt. text; Holladay relates to 7627

7604 II. צְפוֹנִי (ṣep̄ô·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6831;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Zephonite: pertaining to Zephon (Nu 26:15+), see also 7602; note: for cj, see 7612

7605 צָפוּעַ (ṣā·p̄ûaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6832; TWOT 1955a—see 7616 (Eze 4:15 K+)

7606 I. צִפּוֹר (ṣip·pôr): n.fem. and masc.; ≡ Str 6833; TWOT 1959a—LN 4.38–4.46 birds, i.e., a major group of winged animals, domestic or wild, usually with the ability to fly (Ge 7:14; 15:10; Lev 14:4–53; Dt 4:17; 14:11; 22:6; Ne 5:18; Job 40:29[EB 41:5]; Ps 8:9[EB 8]; 11:1; 84:4[EB 3]; 102:8[EB 7]; 104:17; 124:7; 148:10; Pr 6:5; 7:23; 26:2; 27:8; Ecc 9:12; 12:4; Isa 31:5; La 3:52; Eze 17:23; 39:4, 17; Hos 11:11; Am 3:5+), note: in some contexts the focus is on a specific species of bird, or a particular bird

7607 II. צִפּוֹר (ṣip·pôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6834;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zippor: father of Balak (Nu 22:2, 4, 10, 16; 23:18; Jos 24:9; Jdg 11:25+)

7608 צַפַּחַת (ṣǎp·pǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6835; TWOT 1952a—LN 6.118–6.151 juglet, jar, pitcher, i.e., a small, portable-sized container for holding liquid, assumed to have a lid or plug for transport (1Sa 26:11, 12, 16; 1Ki 17:12, 14, 16; 19:6+)

7609 צְפִי (ṣep̄î): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6825;—LN 93-pers. (male) (most versions) Zephi: grandson of Esau (1Ch 1:36+), note: for NIV text, see 7598

צְפִיָּה (ṣep̄iy·yā(h)) BDB: see 7610

7610 צִפִּיָּה (ṣip·piy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6836; TWOT 1950a—LN 7.2–7.25 watchtower, lookout tower, i.e., a construction that is elevated for a maximum military surveillance of an area for defense (La 4:17+)

7611 צִפְיוֹן (ṣip̄·yôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6837;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ziphion: of Gad (Ge 46:16+), note: for NIV text, see 7602; note: for Nu 26:15 cj, see 7602

7612 צִפְיוֹנִי (ṣip̄·yô·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6831;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ziphionite: pertaining to Ziphion (Nu 26:15 cj+), note: for MT text, see 7604

7613 צַפִּיחִת (ṣǎp·pî·ḥiṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6838; TWOT 1952b—LN 5.1–5.22 wafer, flat-cake, i.e., a relatively thin, round, pancake-like piece of processed food (Ex 16:31+)

7614 צֹפִים (ṣō·p̄îm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6839;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zophim: place somewhere on the heights of Mt. Pisgah (Nu 23:14+)

7615 צָפִין (ṣā·p̄în): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6840; TWOT 1953a—LN 57.36 treasure, i.e., objects that are considered valuable (Ps 17:14 K+), note: for Q as qal pass. ptcp., see 7621 or 7601.5

7616 צָפִיעַ (ṣā·p̄îaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6832; TWOT 1955a—LN 8.70–8.77 manure, dung, feces, i.e., the waste product of a biological creature (Eze 4:15+), note: in context this refers to dried cow manure

7617 צְפִיעָה (ṣep̄î·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6849; TWOT 1953a—LN 3.47–3.59 offshoot, i.e., that which grows from the trunk or body of a plant or vine including a stem and leaf (Isa 22:24+), note: this refers to human descendants

7618 צָפִיר (ṣā·p̄îr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6842; TWOT 1962a—LN 4.1–4.37 goat, he-goat, i.e., a mature, small mammal, ceremonially clean, hollow-horned, ruminate of the genus Capra (2Ch 29:21; Ezr 8:35; Da 8:5,8, 21+)

7619 צְפִירָה (ṣep̄î·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6843; TWOT 1960a—1. LN 6.188–6.196 circlet, crown, wreath, i.e., an adornment placed and worn on the head as a sign of honor or increase of status (Isa 28:5+), note: this circlet can be either metallic or a braided wreath, the ety. suggests the latter; 2. LN 22.1–22.14 (most versions) doom, disaster, i.e., a state or condition of a time of trouble as a figurative extension of royal power (a crown) from an enemy (Eze 7:7, 10+), note: in context, this word is parallel to the word “time” in the next clause and so a temporal word is possible, cf., (KJV) “morning;” (Tanakh) “cycle;” (NAB) “climax”

7620 צָפִית (ṣā·p̄îṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6844; TWOT 1951b—1. LN 6.152–6.187 (BDB, NIV, RSV, NRSV, NEB, REB, NAB) rug, carpet, i.e., a usually tightly woven piece of fabric which is placed on the floor (Isa 21:5+), note: in context, this is a throw rug for eating upon; note: NASB translates “table cloth;” note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 55.14–55.22 (KJV, NKJV, ASV, Tanakh) watchman, i.e., a person who stands guard in an elevated place to announce danger or military information (Isa 21:5+); 3. LN 62.1–62.2 (KB, Lisowsky, Holladay) seating order, i.e., an arrangement for seating and eating at a formal dinner (Isa 21:5+), note: “watchman” translation assumes the clause to be a synonymous parallel to “oil the shield.” “Rugs” or “seating arrangement” assumes affinity to the “set the table clause.” Note: context reads best as a cloth object over or more likely under the table “rug, carpet.”

צפן (ṣpn): see 7621

7621 צָפַן (ṣā·p̄ǎn): v.; ≡ Str 6845; TWOT 1953—1. LN 28.68–28.83 (qal) hide, conceal, i.e., keep something unknown or secret (Ex 2:2); (nif) concealed (Jer 16:17+); (hif) hide (Ex 2:3; Job 14:13; Ps 56:7 K[EB 6]+); 2. LN 65.1–65.16 (qal) store up, i.e., gather and collect objects or entities into a repository, implying great value (SS 7:14[EB 13]); (qal pass.) stored (Pr 13:22; Hos 13:12+); (nif) be stored up (Job 15:20+); 3. LN 25.12–25.32 (qal) treasure, i.e., pertaining to what is strongly desired, persons or things (Job 23:12); (qal pass.) treasured, be cherished (Job 20:26; Ps 17:14; 83:4[EB 3]; Eze 7:22+); 4. LN 39.51 (qal) ambush, lurk, waylay, i.e., to hide oneself, and proceed in secret to attack an object (Ps 10:8; Ps 56:7 Q[EB 6]; Pr 1:11, 18+); 5. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) hinder, restrain, i.e., cause an event to not happen (Pr 27:16); 6. LN 30.75–30.85 (nif) determine, set up, i.e., decide on when an event is to occur (Job 24:1+), note: for parsing as a noun, see 7601.5

7622 צְפַנְיָה (ṣep̄ǎn·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6846;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zephaniah: 1. of Levi (1Ch 6:21[EB 36]+) 2. priest in the days of King Zedekiah (Jer 21:1; 29:25, 29; 52:24+), see also 7623 3. son of Cushi, a writing prophet (Zep 1:1+) 4. father of a Josiah, supplier of precious metal (Zec 6:10, 14+)

7623 צְפַנְיָהוּ (ṣep̄ǎn·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6846;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zephaniahu (Zephaniah NIV): priest in the days of King Zedekiah (2Ki 25:18; Jer 37:3+), see also 7622(2.)

7624 צָפְנַת פַּעְנֵחַ (ṣāp̄·nǎṯ pǎʿ·nēaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6847;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zaphenath-Paneah: Egyptian name of Joseph, son of Jacob-Rachel (Ge 41:45+), see also 3441

7625 צֶפַע (ṣě·p̄ǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6848; TWOT 1954a, 1954b—LN 4.51–4.57 viper, serpent, reptile snake, i.e., a poisonous snake (Isa 14:29+), see also 7626; note: KB, Holladay identify specifically as the Aegean viper Vipera xanthina, though other sources make other identifications

7626 צִפְעֹנִי (ṣip̄·ʿō·nî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6848; TWOT 1954a—LN 4.51–4.57 viper, serpent, reptile snake, i.e., a poisonous snake (Pr 23:32; Isa 11:8; 59:5; Jer 8:17+), see also 7625; note: KB, Holladay identify specifically as the Aegean viper Vipera xanthina, though other sources make other identifications

צפף (ṣpp): see 7627

7627 צָפַף (ṣā·p̄ǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 6850; TWOT 1957—1. LN 14.74–14.86 (pilpel ptcp.) chirp, i.e., to make a sound of a bird (Isa 10:14+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489; 2. LN 33.69–33.108 (pilpel) whisper, i.e., to speak in low-volume, muttering tones, as a figurative extension of the chirping sound a bird makes (Isa 8:19; 29:4+); 3. LN 25.135–25.145 (pilpel impf.) cry out, moan, formally, chirp, i.e., make a mourning guttural sound a figurative extension of a chirping bird (Isa 38:14+)

7628 צַפְצָפָה (ṣǎp̄·ṣā·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6851; TWOT 1957a—LN 3.2–3.12 (most versions) willow, i.e., a tree or shrub from the genus Salix (Eze 17:5+)

צפר (ṣpr): see 7629

7629 צָפַר (ṣā·p̄ǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6852; TWOT 1958—LN 15.34–15.74 (qal impf.) depart, leave, formally, turn, i.e., withdraw from an area by linear motion (Jdg 7:3+), note: some change text to 7671, “to test, refine,” see BHS ftn

צֹפַר (ṣō·p̄ǎr) BDB: see 7436

7630 צְפַרְדֵּעַ (ṣep̄ǎr·dēaʿ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6854; TWOT 1963—LN 4.51–4.57 pl. or coll. frogs, i.e., a smooth-skinned, tailless, usually aquatic reptile of the Ranidae family (Ex 7:27[EB 8:2],28[EB 8:3],29[EB 8:4]; 8:1[EB 5],2[EB 6],3[EB 7],4[EB 8],5[EB 9],7[EB 11],8[EB 12],9[EB 13]; Ps 78:45; 105:30+)

צִפֹּר (ṣip·pōr) BDB: see 7606

7631 צִפֹּרָה (ṣip·pō·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6855;—LN 93-pers. (female) Zipporah: wife of Moses (Ex 2:21; 4:25; 18:2+)

7632 צִפֹּרֶן (ṣip·pō·rěn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6856; TWOT 1961a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 nail, i.e., a hard sheath which protects the fingers, toes, or paws (Dt 21:12+); 2. LN 6.54–6.67 stylus-point, i.e., the end point of a chiseling writing-instrument which makes contact with the stone, made of a very hard material (Jer 17:1+)

7633 צֶפֶת (ṣě·p̄ěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6858; TWOT 1951c—LN 7.26–7.53 capital, i.e., the top member of a pillar, crowning the column either as a mere ornamental top, or for weight bearing of a roof (2Ch 3:15+)

7634 צְפַת (ṣep̄ǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6857;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zephath: town in Judah (Jdg 1:17+)

7635 צְפַתָה (ṣep̄ǎ·ṯā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6859;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zephathah: valley SW of Jerusalem (2Ch 14:9[EB 10]+)

צִצִּים (ṣiṣ·ṣîm) BDB: see 7488

7636 צָקוּן (ṣā·qûn): see 7440 (Isa 26:16+)

צְקוֹן (ṣeqôn): n.masc.—see 7636, 7440 magic power (Isa 26:16 cj+)

7637 צִקְלַג (ṣiq·lǎḡ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6860;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ziklag: town in Simeon-Judah (Jos 15:31; 19:5; 1Sa 27:6; 30:1–26 passim; 2Sa 1:1; 4:10; 1Ch 4:30; 1Ch 12:1, 21[EB 20]; Ne 11:28+)

7638 צִקָּלוֹן (ṣiq·qā·lôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6861; TWOT 1964—LN 3.47–3.59 (KJV, NJB, NAB) husk, i.e., the outer layer of a head of grain which is taken off when processed (2Ki 4:42+), note: some sources define it as a kind of garment; (NASB, NKJV, ASV, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh) (knap)sack; (NIV) omit?; note: for a cj, see 7847; note: see WBC13:53 for more discussion; note: context is best served by translating “husk” of grain which is contrasted in context to the finished baked goods of the prior clause; note: for cj see 1303

צִקָּלֹן (ṣiq·qā·lōn) BDB: see 7638

7639 I. צַר (ṣǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6862; TWOT 1973a, 1973b, 1974a, 1975a—LN 22.1–22.14 trouble, distress, anguish, i.e., be in a state of very unfavorable circumstances, implying emotional distress (1Sa 2:32), note: some parse some of these forms as qal pf. of 7674; see also 7642

7640 II. צַר (ṣǎr): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6862; TWOT 1973a—LN 39.1–39.12 enemy, foe, adversary, opponent, i.e., one in a state of open hostility with an opponent (2Sa 24:13)

7641 III. צַר (ṣǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6862; TWOT 1973a—LN 2.29–2.48 flint, i.e., a massive hard quartz (Isa 5:28+), note: can be used to make a spark, or used to make a knife for cutting; note: some sources change text to 7644, with same meaning

7642 IV. צַר (ṣǎr): adj.—1. LN 81.15–81.19 narrow, i.e., pertaining to a spatial dimension which is restricted relative to a broad, spacious area (Nu 22:26; 2Ki 6:1; Pr 23:27; Isa 49:20+); 2. LN 78.1–78.27 small, little, pertaining to a low intensity (Pr 24:10+); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 pent-up, dammed up, i.e., pertaining to that which restrains an event (Isa 59:19+), note: for another parsing as qal pf., see 7443; see also 7639

7643 צֵר (ṣēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6863;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zer: town in Naphtali (Jos 19:35+)

7644 I. צֹר (ṣōr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6864; TWOT 1975b—1. LN 2.29–2.48 flint, i.e., a massive hard quartz (Jos 5:2, 3; Eze 3:9+), note: can be used to make spark, or used to make a knife for cutting; note: for another parsing in Job 22:24, see 7447; 2. LN 6.215–6.225 flint knife, i.e., a cutting instrument which has the blade made of flint (Ex 4:25+), note: possibly translate as “piece of flint” as a crude knife with no attached handle; 3. LN 79.104–79.109 sharp edge, formally, flint, i.e., a thin, sharp shape on the blade of a cutting instrument (Ps 89:44[EB 43]+)

7645 II. צֹר (ṣōr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6865; TWOT 1965—LN 93-place (loc.) Tyre: Phoenician coastal city (Jos 19:29), see also 7450, 7660

צרב (ṣrb): see 7646

7646 צָרַב (ṣā·rǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 6866; TWOT 1966—LN 14.63–14.73 (nif pf.) be scorched, be burned, i.e., pertaining to being harmed by a hot, dry heat (Eze 21:3[EB 20:47]+)

7647 צָרָב (ṣā·rāḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 6867; TWOT 1966a, 1966b—LN 14.63–14.73 scorching, burning, i.e., pertaining to being harmed by a hot, dry heat (Pr 16:27+)

7648 צָרֶבֶת (ṣā·rě·ḇěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6867; TWOT 1966a—LN 8.9–8.69 scar, i.e., a mark (caused by epidermal disease or wounding) left on the skin due to the healing of tissue (Lev 13:23, 28+)

7649 צְרֵדָה (ṣerē·ḏā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6868;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zeredah: town in the hill country of Ephraim (1Ki 11:26; 2Ch 4:17+), note: for NIV text in 2Ch, see 7681

צְרֵדָתָה (ṣerē·ḏā·ṯā(h)) BDB: see 7649

7650 I. צָרָה (ṣā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6869; TWOT 1973c, 1974b—LN 22.1–22.14 trouble, distress, calamity, anguish, i.e., a state of very unfavorable circumstance, with a focus on the emotional pain and distress of the situation (Dt 31:17), note: Jer 4:31, for another text variant see 7659

7651 II. צָרָה (ṣā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6869; TWOT 1973c—LN 10.53–10.61 rival-wife, competitor-wife, i.e., a female in a polygamous marriage, with full marriage status but a low status in the sight of the husband, that is antagonistic to another wife (1Sa 1:6+)

7652 צִרָה (ṣi·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 1224;—LN 7.56 pen, i.e., an enclosure to contain small, normally ranging, domestic animals, with stone walls (Mic 2:12 cj+), note: for MT text, see 1312

7653 צְרוּיָה (ṣerû·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6870;—LN 93-pers. (female) Zeruiah: sister of David, mother of Joab, Abishai, and Asahel (2Sa 2:18; 1Ch 2:16)

צָרוּעַ (ṣā·rûaʿ): adj. [oth qal pass. of 7665]; ≡ Str 6870;—LN 23.142–23.184 diseased, leprous, i.e., pertaining to an infectious skin disease (Lev 13:44, 45; 14:3; 22:4; Nu 5:2+)

7654 צְרוּעָה (ṣerû·ʿā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6871;—LN 93-pers. (female) Zeruah: mother of Jeroboam I (1Ki 11:26+)

7655 I. צְרוֹר (ṣerôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6872; TWOT 1973e, 1975c—1. LN 6.118–6.151 pouch, purse, sachet, bag, i.e., a relatively small flexible bag, possibly made of leather with a string (Ge 42:35; Job 14:17; Pr 7:20; SS 1:13; Hag 1:6+), note: used to carry precious metals, spices, and grains of precious granular resins; 2. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: צְרוֹר הַ־ חַי (ṣerôr hǎ- ḥǎy)2 living, formally, bundle of the living, i.e., to be one of a class or kind of persons that is alive as a figurative extension of being a stick or stalk in a bundle or sheaf (1Sa 25:29+), note: for “bundle” as an object, see also domain LN 18

7656 II. צְרוֹר (ṣerôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6872; TWOT 1973e—1. LN 2.14–2.28 pebble, small stone, i.e., a piece or chunk of rock quite small relative to the whole of a rock mass (2Sa 17:13; (NIV, RSV, NRSV, NEB, REB, NAB, Tanakh) Am 9:9+), note: as a piece of a whole, see also domain LN 63.13–63.20; note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 3.33–3.46 (KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASB, NJB) kernel of cereal grain, formally, pebble, i.e., a single kernel of grain as a figurative extension of a hard small stone (Am 9:9+)

7657 III. צְרוֹר (ṣerôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6872; TWOT 1973e—LN 93-pers. (male) Zeror: of Benjamin, ancestor of King Saul (1Sa 9:1+)

צרח (ṣrḥ): see 7658

7658 צָרַח (ṣā·rǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6873; TWOT 1968—LN 33.69–33.108 (qal) shout, cry out, shriek, i.e., make a very loud noise (Zep 1:14+); (hif) raise a cry (Isa 42:13+), note: in contexts this is the yelling and shouting in battle

7659 צֶרַח (ṣě·rǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6869; TWOT 1973c—1. LN 33.307–33.314 shriek, shout, i.e., give a very loud sound over a distance as a war-cry (Eze 21:27 cj+), note: for MT text see 8358; 2. LN 25.135–25.145 groan, i.e., make a loud cry of pain (Jer 4:31 cj+), note: for MT text see 7650

צְרִי (ṣerî) BDB: see 7661 (Ge 37:25+)

7660 צֹרִי (ṣō·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6876;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Tyrian: pertaining to Tyre (1Ki 7:14; 1Ch 22:4; 2Ch 2:13[EB 14]; Ezr 3:7; Ne 13:16+), see 7450, 7645

צֹרִי (ṣō·rî) BDB: see 7661 (Eze 27:17+)

7661 צֳרִי (ṣǒrî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6875; TWOT 1967a—LN 6.205–6.212 balm, resin, i.e., a gum material obtained usually from the bark of a tree (Ge 37:25; 43:11; Jer 8:22; 46:11; 51:8; Eze 27:17+); note: used as a medicinal balm in some contexts, note: KB, Holladay, identify as the resinous bark of the mastic tree Pistacia mutica; WBC2:347 translates “storax” as a fragrant balsam from the bark of Liquidambar orientalis of the witch-hazel family

7662 צְרִי (ṣerî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6874;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zeri: Levite musician (1Ch 25:3+)

צְרֻיָה (ṣerǔ·yā(h)): see 7653 (2Sa 14:1; 16:10; 23:37+)

7663 צְרִיחַ (ṣerîaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6877; TWOT 1969a—1. LN 1.51–1.59 pit, i.e., depression in the earth (1Sa 13:6+), note: in context, this is likely a man-made pit; note: some sources translate “cave” as an area in the side of vertical land area; 2. LN 7.26–7.53 cellar, vault, i.e., an underground stronghold as a room of a larger construction or set of buildings (Jdg 9:46, 49+)

7664 צֹרֶךְ (ṣō·rěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6878; TWOT 1970a—LN 57.37–57.48 a need, a lack, i.e., a state or condition in which something essential to a goal is not met (2Ch 2:15[EB 16]+)

צרע (ṣrʿ): see 7665

7665 צָרַע (ṣā·rǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 6879; TWOT 1971—see 5211.5, 5211.6, 7653.5 (qal pass.) see 7653.5; (pual) see 5211.5, 5211.6

7666 צָרְעָה (ṣār·ʿā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6881;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zorah: town first in Judah, then Dan, (Jos 15:33; 19:41; Jdg 13:2, 25; 16:31; 18:2, 8, 11; 2Ch 11:10; Ne 11:29+), see also 7670

7667 צִרְעָה (ṣir·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6880; TWOT 1971b—1. LN 25.251–25.269 panic, i.e., a state of fearful confusion (Ex 23:28; Dt 7:20; Jos 24:12+), note: some sources give similar translations that have other slightly different focuses, cf., (NRSV) pestilence; (Tanakh) plague; (NEB, REB) panic; (NJB) confusion; (KB, Holladay) depression, discouragement; 2. LN 4.47–4.50 (coll.) wasp, aggressive stinging insects, (most versions) hornets, i.e., any of the stinging social wasps (Ex 23:28; Dt 7:20; Jos 24:12+), note: though the insect interp is not without merit, context is best served by the “fear-panic” meaning

7668 צָרְעִי (ṣār·ʿî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6882;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Zorite: pertaining to a people descended from Salma, otherwise unknown (1Ch 2:54+)

7669 צָרַעַת (ṣā·rǎ·ʿǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6883; TWOT 1971a—1. LN 23.142–23.184 infectious skin disease, i.e., an epidermal condition which is communicable causing a change or fading in skin color (leuko-dermia) (Lev 13:2, 3, 8, 9, 11, 12,13, 15, 20, 25,27, 30, 42, 43; 14:3, 7, 32, 54, 57; Dt 24:8; 2Ki 5:3, 6, 7, 27; 2Ch 26:19+), note: though many translate “leprosy,” it is likely only one of many conditions which could translate this meaning; 2. LN 3.13–3.32 mildew, plant-rust, smut, mold, fungus, i.e., a spore plant which lacks chlorophyll, and can grow on plant fibers in clothing and leather animal skin (Lev 13:47, 49, 51, 52, 59; 14:34, 44, 55, 57+)

7670 צָרְעָתִי (ṣār·ʿā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6882;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Zorathite: pertaining to Zorah (1Ch 2:53; 4:2+), see also 7666

צרף (ṣrp): see 7671

7671 צָרַף (ṣā·rǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 6884; TWOT 1972—1. LN 45 (qal) refine, i.e., remove impurities in metal to make the precious metal pure, note: as a noun, see 7671.5; (qal pass.) refined (Ps 12:7[EB 6]+); (piel ptcp.) refining, i.e., pertaining to a person who refines ore (Mal 3:2, 3+); 2. LN 27.34–27.47 (qal) test, examine, formally, refine, i.e., try to learn the information about the true nature or moral purity of an object, as a figurative extension of refining metals (Jdg 7:4; Ps 17:3; 26:2; 66:10; 105:19; Jer 9:6[EB 7]; Da 11:35; Zec 13:9+); (qal pass.) tested (Ps 119:140+); (nif) tested, refined (Da 12:10+); 3. LN 45 (qal) fashion, i.e., make or craft a creation of existing material, as the work of a precious metals smith (Isa 40:19b+); 4. LN 88.24–88.35 (qal) pure, purify, purge, i.e., be or become morally pure and without moral blemish through a process of testing or trial (Isa 1:25; Isa 48:10; Jer 6:29+); (qal pass.) flawless, perfect, pure, formally, tested and refined, i.e., to be pure and without flaw, with a focus on moral purity (2Sa 22:31; Ps 18:31[EB 30]; Pr 30:5+)

צֹרֵף (ṣō·rēp̄): n.masc. [oth qal ptcp.masc.sing. of 7671]; ≡ Str 6884; TWOT 1972—LN 45 smith, i.e., a person who is a craftsman in precious metals such as silver and gold (Jdg 17:4b; Ne 3:8, 32; Pr 25:4; Isa 40:19a; 41:7; 46:6; Jer 10:9, 14; 51:17+)

7672 צֹרְפִי (ṣō·rep̄î): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6885; TWOT 1972a—1. LN 2.49–2.62 (coll.) goldsmiths, i.e., a group of craftsmen that work with gold (Ne 3:31+), note: for other groups and classes of persons, see LN 11; 2. LN 2.49–2.62 unit: בֵּן הַ־ צֹרְפִי (bēn hǎ- ṣō·rep̄î) member of goldsmiths guild, i.e., one who identifies completely with a group of gold-craftsmen (Ne 3:31+), note: for other groups and classes of persons, see LN 11

7673 צָרְפַת (ṣār·p̄ǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6886;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zarephath: seacoast town between Tyre and Sidon (1Ki 17:9, 10; Ob 20+)

I. צרר (ṣrr): see 7674

II. צרר (ṣrr): see 7675, 7676, 7677

7674 I. צָרַר (ṣā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3334, 6887; TWOT 1973, 1974—1. LN 79.118–79.119 (qal) wrap up, i.e., enclose an object with a cover (Job 26:8; Pr 30:4+); (qal pass.) wrapped, (Ex 12:34; 1Sa 25:29+), note: in some contexts this can refer to being in a secure position, out of danger; 2. LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) bind up, tie up, i.e., fasten an object (Pr 26:8; Isa 8:16+); 3. LN 22.21–22.28 (qal) oppress, i.e., cause trouble to another (Am 5:12; Hos 4:19+); (hif) bring trouble, distress, oppress (2Ch 28:20; Ne 9:27; Jer 10:18; Zep 1:17+); 4. LN 22.15–22.20 (qal) be in distress, i.e., be in a state of intense trouble (Ge 32:8[EB 7]; Jdg 2:15; 10:9; 1Sa 30:6; 2Sa 13:2; Job 20:22+); (hif) be in distress (2Ch 28:22; 33:12+); 5. LN 37.108–37.110 (qal pass.) confined, be imprisoned, i.e., put an object in custody, and so confine to an area (2Sa 20:3+); 6. LN 85.65–85.66 (qal pass.) stored, i.e., pertaining to keeping an object in a place (Hos 13:12+); 7. LN 13.48–13.68 (pual) mended, fixed, restored, i.e., pertaining to restoring an object back to an original, usable state (Jos 9:4+); 8. LN 55.2–55.6 (hif) lay siege, i.e., militarily surround and enclose a city or area, as a military attack, as an extension of wrapping an object with a covering (Dt 28:52+); 9. LN 23.46–23.60 (hif) give birth, be in labor, i.e., the having of a child, with a focus on the pain and distress of the process (Jer 48:41; 49:22+); 10. LN 74 (qal) weakened, hampered, i.e., be in a state lacking vigor or power, and so be unable to be adequate to a task (Job 18:7; Pr 4:12; Isa 49:19+), note: some parse some of these forms as nouns or adjectives, see 7443, 7639, 7642

7675 II. צָרַר (ṣā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6887; TWOT 1973—LN 39.1–39.12 (qal) be an enemy, be adversaries, be a foe, be in a state of enmity with a hostile opponent (Nu 10:9; 25:17, 18; 33:55; Est 3:10; Ps 129:1, 2; Isa 11:13b+), note: for qal ptcp. as a noun, see 7677.5; note: for another interp in Am 5:12, see 7674

7676 III. צָרַר (ṣā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6869; TWOT 1973c—LN 34.66–34.78 (qal) be a rival-wife, i.e., be a second wife in status, with a focus that potential hostility or rivalry between the wives can occur for the affection of the husband (Lev 18:18+)

7677 IV. צָרַר (ṣā·rǎr): v.—see 7674 (Jer 48:41; 49:22+)

צְרֹר (ṣerōr): see 7655

צֹרֵר (ṣō·rēr): n.masc. [oth qal ptcp.masc.sing. of 7675]; ≡ Str 6887; TWOT 1973—LN 39.1–39.12 enemy, foe, adversary, i.e., a person or group who is in open hostility to another (Ex 23:22; Est 8:1; 9:10, 24; Ps 6:8; 7:5, 7; 8:3; 10:5; 23:5; 31:12; 42:11; 69:20; 74:4, 23; 143:12; Isa 11:13a+)

7678 צְרֵרָה (ṣerē·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6888;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zererah: place on SE path of Midianites (Jdg 7:22+)

7679 צֶרֶת (ṣě·rěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6889;—LN 93-pers. (male) Zereth: of Judah (1Ch 4:7+); also part of a compound name, Zereth Shahar, see 7680

7680 צֶרֶת הַשַּׁחַר (ṣě·rěṯ hǎš·šǎ·ḥǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6890;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zereth Shahar: town in Reuben, in the area of Moab, (Jos 13:19+)

7681 צָרְתָן (ṣār·ṯān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6891;—LN 93-place (loc.) Zarethan: place on the east side of Jordan Valley, about 20 miles NE of Jericho (Jos 3:16; 1Ki 4:12; 7:46+), note: for MT text in 2Ch 4:17, see 7649

ק

7682 ק (q): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

7683 קֵא (qē(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6892; TWOT 2013a—LN 8.70–8.77 vomit, heave, i.e., the disgorged contents of the stomach of human or animal (Pr 26:11+)

קָאם (qā(ʾ)m) BDB: see 7756 (Hos 10:14+)

7684 קָאַת (qā·ʾǎṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 6893; TWOT 1976—LN 4.38–4.46 large bird, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature either around water, or the land-desert; (Lev 11:18; Dt 14:17; Ps 102:7[EB 6]; Isa 34:11; Zep 2:14+), note: in the classification passage of Lev 11:18 the versions split between water-birds and land-desert birds, cf., (NIV, NRSV, NAB) desert owl; (NEB, REB) horned-owl; (NKJV) jackdaw (i.e., crow-like bird); or water- bird (BDB, KJV, NASB, ASV, RSV, NJB, Tanakh) pelican or commorant; though note that the versions seem to diversely translate with other birds in other passages

קָאָת (qā·ʾāṯ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 7684

7685 קַב (qǎḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6894; TWOT 1977a—LN 81.20–81.24 measure of volume, cab or kab, i.e., a measure of dry capacity, reckoned at between 1.09–1.8 U.S. dry quarts (1.2 to 2 liters) (2Ki 6:25+), note: some sources render “one fourth of a cab” as a “pint”

קבב (qbb): see 7686

קבב (qbb)[2] KB, Lisowsky: see 7686

7686 קָבַב (qā·ḇǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 6895; TWOT 1978—LN 33.470–33.475 (qal) curse, invoke an oath, i.e., speak a verbal wish of ill-will toward another, with the force of invoking divine retribution of evil upon the object (Nu 22:11, 17; 23:8,11, 13, 25,27; 24:10; Job 3:8; 5:3; Pr 11:26; 24:24+)

7687 קֵבָה (qē·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6896, 6897; TWOT 1979a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 stomach, maw, i.e., the internal organ of the body that takes in food (Dt 18:3+), note: some sources are very specific and give meaning as the “renet-bag” fourth stomach of cud-chewing animals which produces milk; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 belly, stomach, i.e., the soft-tissue area generally between the ribs and hips on a human (Nu 25:8+)

7688 קֻבָּה (qǔb·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6898; TWOT 1977b—LN 7.2–7.25 woman’s section of a tent, i.e., an area of a tent reserved for women (Nu 25:8+), note: this section of the tent may have been used as a religious shrine area in which immorality occurred

7689 קִבּוּץ (qib·bûṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6899; TWOT 1983a—LN 59.1–59.10 collection, assemblage, i.e., an accumulation of several items of the same particular kind or class, usually considered many items as opposed to a few (Isa 57:13+), note: in context this refers to a collection of idols; note: some sources change text to 9199

7690 קְבוּרָה (qeḇû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6900; TWOT 1984b—1. LN 7.63–7.76 burial site, grave, i.e., a place where the dead are interned, including both above-ground, rock-hewn sepulchre or tomb, or possibly a burial site below ground, covered with dirt and rocks and sometimes a marker of some kind (Ge 35:20; 47:30; Dt 34:6; 1Sa 10:2; 2Ki 9:28; 21:26; 23:30; 2Ch 26:23; Eze 32:23, 24+); 2. LN 52 burial, i.e., the state or act. of interning a dead body in a grave or tomb, including rituals and preparations for the event (Ecc 6:3; Isa 14:20; Jer 22:19+)

קבל (qbl): see 7691

7691 קָבַל (qā·ḇǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6901; TWOT 1980—1. LN 33.278–33.280 (piel) receive, accept, i.e., agree to a proposition or offer (1Ch 12:19[EB 18]; 21:11; Est 9:23, 27; Pr 19:20+); 2. LN 15.165–15.186 (piel) take, i.e., move an object with linear movement to another place (2Ch 29:16, 22+); 3. LN 57.125–57.141 (piel) receive, i.e., accept an object or benefit (Ezr 8:30; Est 4:4; Job 2:10+); 4. LN 64 (hif) match, correspond, i.e., be like or very similar to another object (Ex 26:5; 36:12+)

7692 קְבֹל (qeḇōl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6904, 6905; TWOT 1980a—LN 6.29–6.40 battering ram, i.e., an offensive weapon used in siege warfare to break down a defensive wall (Eze 26:9+)

קְבֹל (qeḇōl): adv.; ≡ Str 6904, 6905;—LN 83.33–83.41 (most versions) in front of, before, i.e., in a location in front of an object (2Ki 15:10+), note: RSV, NEB, REB, NAB, NJB, Tanakh ftn, emends text (combined with 6639) to 928 + 3300

קבע (qbʿ): see 7693

7693 קָבַע (qā·ḇǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 6906; TWOT 1981—LN 57.232–57.248 (qal) rob, plunder, exploit, i.e., theft or stealing either by force or deception (Pr 22:23; Mal 3:8,9+)

7694 קֻבַּעַת (qǔb·bǎ·ʿǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6907; TWOT 1982—LN 6.118–6.151 cup, vessel, i.e., a hand-held container for drinking (Isa 51:17, 22+), note: NIV translates “goblet”

קבץ (qbṣ): see 7695

7695 קָבַץ (qā·ḇǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 6908; TWOT 1983—1. LN 15.123–15.134 (qal) assemble, gather together, collect, i.e., have objects gather into one place by linear motion, implying a relationship of kind, or unity of purpose of the objects which have gathered; (qal pass.) be assembled (Ne 5:16+); (nif) gathered, be assembled (1Sa 7:6); (piel) gather, assemble (Dt 30:3; Isa 13:14); (pual) be gathered (Eze 38:8+); (hitp) gather themselves together (Jos 9:2; Jdg 9:47; 1Sa 7:7; 8:4; 22:2; 2Sa 2:25; Isa 44:11; Jer 49:14+); 2. LN 57.55–57.70 (qal) obtain, gain, i.e., collect objects of value to gain a fortune (Pr 28:8); 3. LN 47.1–47.7 (piel) store up, i.e., to amass liquid into a common area for storage and use (Isa 22:9); 4. LN 15.165–15.186 (piel) gather up, pick up, i.e., lift up an object to make linear motion with the object (Isa 40:11); 5. LN 43 (piel) harvest, pick, i.e., gather crops from the field, orchard, or vineyard (Isa 62:9); 6. LN 79.70–79.77 unit: (piel) קָבַץ פָּארוּר (qā·ḇǎṣ pā(ʾ)·rûr) flushed, hot, formally, “gathered of glow,” i.e., a condition where excess blood flows to the face as metabolic response to fear, anger, or anxiety (Joel 2:6; Na 2:11[EB 10]+), note: NIV translates “grow pale” (apparently following another ety.) which is a lack of blood flow to the face as a fear or anxiety response

7696 קַבְצְאֵל (qǎḇ·ṣeʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6909;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kabzeel: border town of Judah, bordering Edom (Jos 15:21; 2Sa 23:20; 1Ch 11:22+)

7697 קְבֻצָה (qeḇǔ·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6910; TWOT 1983b—LN 59.1–59.10 gathering, i.e., the act. or result of collecting together a quantity of items, usually of the same kind or class (Eze 22:20+)

7698 קִבְצַיִם (qiḇ·ṣǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6911;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kibzaim: town of Ephraim (Jos 21:22+), note: possibly see also 3695

קבר (qbr): see 7699

7699 קָבַר (qā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6912; TWOT 1984—LN 52 (qal) bury, entomb, i.e., prepare and place a dead body into a tomb or cave, or place in a dug hole in the ground (1Sa 25:1); (qal pass.) buried (1Ki 13:31c; Ecc 8:10+); (nif) buried (2Sa 17:23); (piel) bury another (Nu 33:4; 1Ki 11:15; Jer 14:16; Eze 39:14, 15; Hos 9:6+); (pual) buried (Ge 25:10+)

7700 קֶבֶר (qě·ḇěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6913; TWOT 1984a—1. LN 7.63–7.76 burial site, grave, i.e., a place where the dead are interned, including both above-ground, rock-hewn sepulchre or tomb, or possibly a burial site below ground, covered with dirt and rocks and a marker of some kind (2Sa 2:32; Eze 32:23), note: for MT text at Ps 49:12[EB 11], see 7931; 2. LN 23.88–23.128 death, formally, the grave, i.e., a state of no longer having biological life, as a figurative extension of the place where dead are interned (Job 10:19; Ps 88:12[EB 11])

קְבֻרָה (qeḇǔ·rā(h)) BDB: see 7690

7701 קִבְרוֹת הַתַּאֲוָה (qiḇ·rôṯ hǎt·tǎ·ʾǎwā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6914;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kibroth Hattaavah: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 11:34, 35; 33:16, 17; Dt 9:22+)

קֳבָתָהּ (qǒḇā·ṯāh) BDB: see 7687 + 2023 (Nu 25:8+)

קדד (qdd): see 7702

7702 קָדַד (qā·ḏǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 6915; TWOT 1985—LN 17.21–17.22 (qal) bow down, kneel down, i.e., make a bending motion of the head to the ground, often while on the knees, often with the nose to the ground, as an act. of reverence (Ge 24:26, 48; 43:28; Ex 4:31; 12:27; 34:8; Nu 22:31; 1Sa 24:9[EB 8]; 28:14; 1Ki 1:16, 31; 1Ch 29:20; 2Ch 20:18; 29:30; Ne 8:6+)

7703 קִדָּה (qid·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6916; TWOT 1986b—LN 6.205–6.212 spice, i.e., and fragrant plant ingredient used in perfumes and oils (Ex 30:24; Eze 27:19+), note: (KB, Holladay) cassia-bud Flores Cassiae as a cinnamon or clove-like, oily bud

7704 קְדוּמִים (qeḏû·mîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6917; TWOT 1988g—1. LN 78.1–78.27 (Tanakh) raging, formally, attacking, i.e., a river torrent that is at a high, fast-water point (Jdg 5:21+); (RSV, NRSV) onrushing; (NEB?, REB?) barred flight; note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 67.17–67.64 antiquity, i.e., something of very great age and so in reference to a point in time long ago (Jdg 5:21+), note: (KB, Holladay, BDB) “unknown”; (NAB) “delete text;” note: “raging” is the better contextual rendering

7705 קָדוֹשׁ (qā·ḏôš): adj.; ≡ Str 6918; TWOT 1990b—1. LN 88.24–88.35 holy, i.e., pertaining to being unique and pure in the sense of superior moral qualities and possessing certain essential divine qualities in contrast with what is human (Lev 11:44); 2. LN 53.44–53.52 sacred, consecrated, i.e., pertaining to what is dedicated in service to God (Nu 6:8); 3. LN 11.12–11.54 saints, God’s people, i.e., persons who belong to God, and as such constitute a religious entity (Ps 16:3; 34:10); 4. LN 12.1–12.42 holy one, i.e., a supernatural being that is not God (Da 8:13); 5. LN 12.1–12.42 Holy One, i.e., a title of God (Ps 22:4), note: further study may yield more domains

קדח (qdḥ): see 7706

7706 קָדַח (qā·ḏǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 6919; TWOT 1987—LN 14.63–14.73 (qal) kindle, light, let burn, i.e., start a fire (Dt 32:22; Isa 50:11; 64:1[EB 2]; Jer 15:14; 17:4+), note: in some contexts this can refer to destruction

7707 קַדַּחַת (qǎd·dǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6920; TWOT 1987a—LN 23.142–23.184 fever, i.e., a state or condition in which one has an elevated temperature of the body causing a hot feeling to the ill person (Lev 26:16; Dt 28:22+), note: some sources translate as “inflammation” as a more localized area of which is ill and “hot” to the touch

7708 קָדִים (qā·ḏîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6921; TWOT 1988d—1. LN 14.4–14.9 east wind, i.e., a wind that comes from an easterly direction, often with an associative meaning of heat and scorching wind (Ge 41:6; Hab 1:9); 2. LN 82.1–82.6 east, eastern, i.e., a direction of the compass, as the direction of orientation, so the direction one faces front (Eze 11:1), note: NIV text in Eze 40:44; 42:10, see 1999

קדם (qdm): see 7709

7709 קָדַם (qā·ḏǎm): v.; ≡ Str 6923; TWOT 1988—1. LN 15.75–15.80 (piel) come to meet, i.e., approach and come near to the point of engaging another person (Dt 23:5[EB 4]; Ne 13:2; Job 3:12; Ps 21:4[EB 3]; 79:8; Isa 21:14+), note: the encounter following the meeting can be friendly or hostile; 2. LN 13.104–13.163 (piel) happen, formally, confront, i.e., have an event happen, with an implication of an antagonistic encounter (2Sa 22:6; Job 30:27; Ps 18:6[EB 5]+); 3. LN 39.1–39.12 (piel) confront, i.e., have a hostile encounter with an opponent (2Sa 22:19; Ps 17:13; Ps 18:19[EB 18]+); 4. LN 83.33–83.41 (piel) come in front, i.e., come to and be in a spatial position which is the front of an object perceived to have a front and back area (2Ki 19:32; Ps 59:11[EB 10]; 68:26[EB 25]; 88:14[EB 13]; 89:15[EB 14]; 95:2; Isa 37:33; Mic 6:6+); 5. LN 67.163–67.200 (piel) do early, i.e., do something in the very early morning, likely before the sun rises, as an extension of looking to the east where the sun rises (Ps 119:147,148; Jnh 4:2+), note: NIV translates “quick” in Jnh 4:2, an implication of doing something very early; 6. LN 56.4–56.11 (hif) have a claim against, formally, come before, i.e., have a legal claim for another party to make payment, as an extension of making a presentation to a person (Job 41:3[EB 11]+); 7. LN 13.104–13.163 (hif) happen, formally, meet, i.e., have an event happen as a figurative extension of coming near or approaching a person in linear movement (Am 9:10+)

7710 קֶדֶם (qě·ḏěm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6924; TWOT 1988a—1. LN 82.1–82.6 east, eastern, i.e., the direction of, or pertaining to the direction of, an orientation of the east as the direction of the sunrise (1Ki 5:10); 2. LN 67.78–67.117 ancient, long ago, gone by, i.e., pertaining to having existed a long time ago in the past (Dt 33:15; 2Ki 19:25); 3. LN 67.78–67.117 eternal, forever, i.e., pertaining to an unlimited duration of time (Dt 33:27; Ps 55:20[EB 19]; Hab 1:12)

7711 קֵדֶם (qē·ḏěm): adv.; ≡ Str 6924; TWOT 1988a—LN 82.1–82.6 eastern, toward the east, east-ward, i.e., pertaining to the direction of, an orientation of the east as the direction of the sunrise (Ge 13:14; 25:6; 28:14; Ex 27:13; 38:13; Lev 1:16; 16:14; Nu 2:3; 3:38; 10:5; 34:3, 10, 11, 15; 35:5; Jos 15:5; 18:20; 19:12, 13; 1Ki 7:39; 17:3; 2Ki 13:17; 2Ch 4:10; Eze 8:16; 45:7+), note: always with locative ה (h), see 2025

7712 קַדְמָה (qǎḏ·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6927; TWOT 1988c—1. LN 67.78–67.117 past, ancient, i.e., pertaining to a time existing a long time ago in the past (Ps 129:6; Eze 36:11+); 2. LN 67.17–67.64 before time, i.e., a point in time prior to another point of time (Isa 23:7; Eze 16:55+)

7713 קִדְמָה (qiḏ·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6926; TWOT 1988a—LN 82.1–82.6 east, i.e., the direction of orientation, the east as the direction of the sunrise (Ge 2:14; 4:16; 1Sa 13:5; Eze 39:11+)

7714 I. קֵדְמָה (qē·ḏemā(h)): adv. + suff.—see 7711 + 2025

7715 II. קֵדְמָה (qē·ḏemā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6929;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kedemah: son of Ishmael (Ge 25:15; 1Ch 1:31+)

7716 קַדְמוֹן (qǎḏ·môn): adj.; ≡ Str 6930; TWOT 1988e—LN 82.1–82.6 eastern, i.e., pertaining to compass direction of orientation (Eze 47:8+)

7717 קְדֵמוֹת (qeḏē·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6932;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kedemoth: town of Reuben, E of the Jordan River (Dt 2:26; Jos 13:18; 21:37; 1Ch 6:64[EB 79]+)

7718 קַדְמִיאֵל (qǎḏ·mî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6934;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kadmiel: 1. Levites who returned from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:40; Ne 7:43; 12:8+) 2. signer of covenant (Ne 10:10[EB 9]) 3. supervisor of Temple reconstruction (Ezr 3:9) 4. worship leader (Ne 9:4, 5; 12:24+)

7719 I. קַדְמֹנִי (qǎḏ·mō·nî): adj.; ≡ Str 6931; TWOT 1988f—1. LN 82.1–82.6 eastern, i.e., pertaining to compass direction of orientation (Job 18:20; Eze 10:19; 11:1; 47:18; Joel 2:20; Zec 14:8+); 2. LN 67.17–67.64 old, former, past, i.e., pertaining to a time in reference to other points in time (1Sa 24:14[EB 13]; Isa 43:18; Eze 38:17; Mal 3:4+)

7720 II. קַדְמֹנִי (qǎḏ·mō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6935;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Kadmonite: pertaining to a nomadic people, between Syria and the Euphrates River(Ge 15:19+)

קְדֵמֹת (qeḏē·mōṯ) BDB: see 7717 (Jos 13:18+)

7721 קָדְקֹד (qāḏ·qōḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6936; TWOT 1986a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 crown of the head, vertex, i.e., the top area of the human head, which includes the scalp, as the uppermost extremity of the standing human body (Ge 49:26; Nu 24:17 v.r.; Dt 28:35; 33:16; 2Sa 14:25; Job 2:7; Ps 68:22[EB 21]; Jer 2:16; 48:45+), note: for MT text in Nu 24:17, see 7979; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 head, i.e., the entire area of the head (Dt 33:20; Ps 7:17[EB 16]; Isa 3:17+)

קדר (qdr): see 7722

7722 קָדַר (qā·ḏǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6937; TWOT 1989—1. LN 14.53–14.62 (qal) grow dark, be black, i.e., have little or no light pass. through an object, and so be darkened (Job 6:16; 30:28; Jer 4:28; Joel 2:10; 4:15[EB 3:15]; Mic 3:6+), note: in some contexts this can refer to a time of judgment or mystery and secrecy; (hif) make dark (Eze 32:7, 8+); (hitp) grow dark, be black (1Ki 18:45+); 2. LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) mourn, wail, grieve, i.e., have an emotion or attitude of sadness and grief (Job 5:11; Ps 35:14; 38:7[EB 6]; 42:10[EB 9]; 43:2; Jer 8:21; 14:2+); (hif) bring gloom (Eze 31:15+)

7723 קֵדָר (qē·ḏār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6938;—LN 93-pers. Kedar: 1. (male) son of Ishmael (Ge 25:13; 1Ch 1:29+) 2. (gent.) nomadic tribe of prior entry (Ps 120:5; SS 1:5; Isa 21:16, 17; 42:11; 60:7; Jer 2:10; 49:28; Eze 27:21+)

7724 קִדְרוֹן (qiḏ·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6939;—LN 93-place (Valley or Wadi) Kidron: wadi immediately E of the city of Jerusalem (2Sa 15:23; 1Ki 2:37; 15:13; 2Ki 23:4, 6,12; 2Ch 15:16; 29:16; 30:14; Jer 31:40+), see also 4889.5, 8753

7725 קַדְרוּת (qǎḏ·rûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6940; TWOT 1989a—LN 14.53–14.62 darkness, blackness, i.e., a state in which sunlight is blocked by heavy clouds, and so have an associative meaning of gloom, despair, or mourning (Isa 50:3+)

7726 קְדֹרַנִּית (qeḏō·rǎn·nîṯ): adv.; ≡ Str 6941; TWOT 1989b—LN 52 mournfully, i.e., pertaining to a mourner’s attire and actions, so usually in unkept manner as part of a mourner’sing. ritual (Mal 3:14+)

קדשׁ (qdš): see 7727

7727 קָדַשׁ (qā·ḏǎš): v.; ≡ Str 6942; TWOT 1990—1. LN 53.44–53.52 (qal) be sacred, consecrated, i.e., dedicate to service and loyalty to God, and so involving proper conduct (as prescribed) of any person or object so dedicated (Hag 2:12); (nif) be consecrated (Ex 29:43); (piel) consecrate, dedicate (Ge 2:3); (pual) be dedicated, be consecrated (2Ch 26:18; 31:6; Ezr 3:5; Eze 48:11+); (hif) set apart, consecrate, dedicate, regard as holy (Lev 22:2); (hitp) consecrate themselves (Ex 19:22); 2. LN 88.24–88.35 (qal) be holy, i.e., be in a state of having superior moral qualities, with behavior which is positively unique and pure, in contrast to other corrupt standards (Isa 65:5); (nif) show oneself holy (Lev 22:32); (piel) make holy (Lev 20:8); (hif) regard as holy (Isa 29:23b); (hitp) show holiness (Eze 38:23); 3. LN 11.12–11.54 (pual) saints, God’s people, i.e., pertaining to persons who belong to God, and as such constitute a religious entity (Isa 13:3+); 4. LN 88.24–88.35 (hif) honor as holy, i.e., feel reverence to honor something or someone as holy (Isa 8:13)

7728 I. קָדֵשׁ (qā·ḏēš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6945, 6948; TWOT 1990c—LN 88.271–88.282 male shrine prostitute, i.e., person who engages in sexual acts related to worship of the pagan gods or other cultural reasons (Dt 23:18b[EB 17b]; 1Ki 14:24; 15:12; 22:47[EB 46]; 2Ki 23:7; Job 36:14+), see also 7732.5

7729 II. קָדֵשׁ (qā·ḏēš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6946; TWOT 1990e—LN 93-place (loc.) Kadesh 1. place in the Desert of Zin (Ge 14:7; 16:14; 20:1; Nu 13:26; 20:1, 14, 16, 22; 33:36, 37; Dt 1:46; Jdg 11:16, 17+), see also 6535, 7732 2. a desert N. of Israel, on Orontes, (Ps 29:8+), note: others identify as 1.; also, a part of a compound name, Kadesh Barnea, see 7732 and Meribah Kadesh, see 5315

קָדֹשׁ (qā·ḏōš): see 7705

7730 קֶדֶשׁ (qě·ḏěš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6943; TWOT 1990d—LN 93-place (loc.) Kedesh: 1. town in Issachar (1Ch 6:57[EB 72],61[EB 76]+), note: vs 61[EB 76] possibly see 4. 2. town in Negev of Judah (Jos 15:23+) 3. town in Naphtali, Lower Galilee (Jos 12:22; 19:37; Jdg 4:6, 9, 10, 11; 2Ki 15:29+) 4. town in Naphtali, Upper Galilee (Jos 20:7; 21:32+)

7731 קֹדֶשׁ (qō·ḏěš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6944; TWOT 1990a—1. LN 7.2–7.25 sanctuary, i.e., a building dedicated in service to God, a place in which the LORD is normally present when ritual and moral purity are practiced (Ex 35:19; Ps 20:3[EB 2]), note: this can refer to a moveable tabernacle building, or a permanent temple building; 2. LN 53.44–53.52 holy object, i.e., a person or other inanimate object which is dedicated and consecrated to the LORD (Lev 19:24), note: this object can be any of a great range of items; 3. LN 88.24–88.35 holiness, i.e., the quality of moral purity, with a focus that this is a unique state unlike corrupt humanity (Ex 15:11; 1Ch 16:29; Ps 89:36[EB 35]); 4. LN 7.26–7.53 unit: הַ־ קֹדֶשׁ (hǎ- qō·ḏěš) Holy Place, i.e., a part of a building which is separated and dedicated to the LORD, with limited human access (Ex 26:33a); 5. LN 7.26–7.53 unit: קֹדֶשׁ קֹדֶשׁ (qō·ḏěš qō·ḏěš) Most Holy Place, i.e., a part of a building which is separated and dedicated to the LORD, with very limited human access, with a unique feature of being the central area of a worship building or tent where the LORD has his Presence (Ex 26:33b), note: further study may yield more domains

7732 קָדֵשׁ בַּרְנֵעַ (qā·ḏēš bǎr·nēaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6947;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kadesh Barnea: place in the Desert of Zin (Nu 32:8; 34:4; Dt 1:2, 19; 2:14; 9:23; Jos 10:41; 14:6, 7; 15:3+), see also 7729

קְדֵשָׁה (qeḏē·šā(h)): female shrine prostitute, i.e., person who engages in sexual acts related to worship of the pagan gods or other cultural reasons (Ge 38:21 2xs,22; Dt 23:18a[EB 17a]; Hos 4:14+), see also 7728; ≡ Str 6947;—LN 88.271–88.282

קהה (qhh): see 7733

7733 קָהָה (qā·hā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6949; TWOT 1990.1—LN 79.104–79.109 (qal impf.) be dull, become blunt, i.e., to take on a shape that is not sharp-edged due to grinding or impact (Jer 31:29, 30; Eze 18:2+); (piel pf.) be dull (Ecc 10:10+), note: NIV translates in qal as “set on edge” apparently with a focus on the involuntary reaction of biting or grinding which accompanies a very bitter taste in the mouth, which could imply then a dulling of a tooth’s edges; note: some sources translate “numbed” which may focus on the result of a damaging of the teeth by forceful, damaging biting

7734 קֵהָיוֹן (qē·hāy·wōn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5356; TWOT 1412c—1. LN 79.104–79.109 bluntness, i.e., a state or condition of not having a sharp-edged shape (Am 4:6 cj+), note: for MT text, see 5931; 2. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: קֵהָיוֹן שֵׁן (qē·hāy·wōn šēn)1 toothache, formally, bluntness of teeth, i.e., a painful condition of the teeth caused by a blow or self-destructive grinding of the set of teeth (Am 4:6 cj+)

קהל (qhl): see 7735

7735 קָהַל (qā·hǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6950; TWOT 1991—LN 15.123–15.134 (nif) gathered, be assembled, i.e., pertaining to a collection of person coming together to a central location, usually for a particular purpose (Ex 32:1; Lev 8:4; Nu 16:3; 17:7[EB 16:42]; 20:2; Jos 18:1; 22:12; Jdg 20:1; 2Sa 20:14; 1Ki 8:2; 2Ch 5:3; 20:26; Est 8:11; 9:2, 15, 16, 18; Jer 26:9; Eze 38:7+); (hif) summon, call together, cause to assemble (Ex 35:1; Lev 8:3; Nu 1:18; 8:9; 10:7; 16:19; 20:8, 10; Dt 4:10; 31:12, 28; 1Ki 8:1; 12:21; 1Ch 13:5; 15:3; 28:1; 2Ch 5:2; 11:1; Job 11:10; Eze 38:13+), note: see also 7827; note: if the gathering refers to a military mustering, see also domain LN 55.2–55.6

7736 קָהָל (qā·hāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6951; TWOT 1991a—1. LN 11.12–11.54 assembly, community, congregation, i.e., a socio-religious group of believers, with customs, rituals, and a leadership structure (Lev 4:13); 2. LN 55.7–55.13 army, throng, horde, i.e., a group of soldiers gathered for military purposes (Eze 32:22); 3. LN 11.1–11.11 crowd, throng, mob, company, i.e., a group which can meet for any purpose (2Ch 30:13; Ne 8:17; Pr 21:16; Eze 16:40)

7737 קְהִלָּה (qehil·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6952; TWOT 1991b—1. LN 11.1–11.11 assembly, group, i.e., persons congregated for meeting for a special purpose (Ne 5:7+); 2. LN 11.12–11.54 unit: קְהִלָּה יַעֲקֹב (qehil·lā(h) yǎ·ʿǎqōḇ) believers, formally, assembly of Jacob, i.e., the descendants of Jacob that are in covenant with the LORD (Dt 33:4+)

7738 קֹהֶלֶת (qō·hě·lěṯ): n.pr. [BDB: n.masc.; KB, Holladay: of 7735]; ≡ Str 6953; TWOT 1991c—LN 93-pers. (as n.pr.) (NJB, NAB, Tanakh) Qoheleth: the writer of Ecclesiastes, usually associated with Solomon (Ecc 1:1, 2, 12; 7:27; 12:8, 9, 10+), note: most versions give meaning as a communicator of some kind, see also domain LN 33.69–33.108; (as a title) (KJV, NKJV, ASV, RSV, NASB) the Preacher; (NRSV, NIV) the Teacher; (NEB, REB) the Speaker, note: the anomalous grammatical feminine may be explained as the office of speaker of the assembly

7739 קְהֵלָתָה (qehē·lā·ṯā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6954;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kehelathah: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:22, 23+)

7740 קְהָת (qehāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6955;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kohath: son of Levi (Ge 46:11), see also 7741

7741 קְהָתִי (qehā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6956;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Kohathite: pertaining to Kohath (Nu 3:27), see also 7740

קַו (qǎw) Lisowsky: see 7742

7742 I. קָו (qāw): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6957; TWOT 1992—1. LN 6.54–6.67 measuring line, i.e., a cord of a specific standard length used for various measurement tasks (1Ki 7:23; 2Ki 21:13; 2Ch 4:2; Job 38:5; Isa 28:17; 34:11, 17; 44:13; Jer 31:39; La 2:8; Eze 47:3; Zec 1:16+), note: used to mark off specific lengths, note: for K in 1Ki 7:23; Jer 31:39; Zec 1:16, see 7749; note: for NIV text in Ps 19:5[EB 4], see 7754; 2. LN 33.333–33.342 rule, formally, measuring line, i.e., a precept or normative command given for an action, as a figurative extension of a measuring cord of standard length (Isa 28:10,13+), note: for another interp, see 7744

7743 II. קָו (qāw): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6957, 6978; TWOT 1994b—1. LN 14.74–14.86 strange speech, formally, blah-blah, i.e., foreign language which has a sound like non-sense to the foreigner (Isa 18:2,7+), see also domain LN 33.69–33.108; 2. LN 14.74–14.86 marching sounds, formally, qaw-qaw, i.e., a word that sounds like marching steps, onomatopoeia when spoken in rhythm (Isa 18:2,7+), see also domain LN 15.224–15.229; note: for the two occurrences together as a single form, and the more likely contextual meaning, see 7768

7744 III. קָו (qāw): n.masc.pt.; ≡ Str 6957; TWOT 1992—LN 33.406–33.411 blah-blah-blah-blah, i.e., a syllable for mocking the prophet, perhaps intended to be meaningless, with the associative meaning of scoffing (Isa 28:10,13(4×)+); see also domain LN 14.74–14.86; note: for another interp, see also 7742

קוא (qwʾ) BDB: see 5223, 5224, 5225

7745 קְוֵא (qewē(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4723; TWOT 1994c—LN 93-place (terr) Kue: area in modern SE turkey, roughly equal to Cilicia (2Ch 1:16+), see also 7750; note: in 1Ki 10:28 and 2Ch 1:16 some translate 4946 + “Kue” as a common noun 5224 or 5222

קֹוֵא (qō·wē(ʾ)) BDB: see 7745

7746 קוֹבַע (qô·ḇǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6959; TWOT 1993—LN 6.29–6.40 helmet, i.e., a head-covering as armor against impact in hand-to-hand combat (1Sa 17:38; Eze 23:24+), see also 3916

קוה (qwh) BDB: see 7742 (1Ki 7:23 K; Zec 1:16 K)

I. קוה (qwh): see 7747

II. קוה (qwh): see 7748

7747 I. קָוָה (qā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6960; TWOT 1994, 1995—1. LN 25.59–25.64 (qal) hope in (Ps 25:3; 37:9; 69:7[EB 6]; Isa 40:31; 49:23; La 3:25+); (piel) hope for, wait for, look for, i.e., look forward with confidence to that which is good and beneficial, often with a focus of anticipation in a future event (Ge 49:18; Job 3:9; 6:19; 7:2; 17:13; 30:26; Ps 25:5, 21; 27:14; 37:34; 39:8[EB 7]; 40:2[EB 1]; 52:11[EB 9]; 69:21[EB 20]; 130:5; Pr 20:22; Isa 5:2, 4, 7; 8:17; 25:9; 26:8; 33:2; 51:5; 59:9, 11; 60:9; 64:2[EB 3]; Jer 8:15; 13:16; 14:19, 22; La 2:16; Hos 12:7[EB 6]; Mic 5:6[EB 7]+), note: when the object of hope is the LORD, there is an eager expectation of salvation or deliverance; 2. LN 39.51 (piel) wait in ambush, i.e., conceal oneself or proceed lurking, in order to harm another (Ps 56:7[EB 6]; 119:95+)

7748 II. קָוָה (qā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6960; TWOT 1994—LN 15.123–15.134 (nif) gathered, i.e., pertaining to a collection or mass going to a central location by linear movement (Ge 1:9; Jer 3:17+)

7749 קָוֶה (qā·wě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6961; TWOT 1994a—see 7742 (1Ki 7:23 K; Jer 31:39 K; Zec 1:16 K+)

קָוֶה (qā·wě(h)): see 7749

קֶוֶה (qě·wě(h)) Lisowsky: see 7749

7750 קְוֵה (qewē(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 4723; TWOT 1994c—LN 93-place (terr) Kue: area in modern SE turkey, roughly equal to Cilicia (1Ki 10:28+), see also 7745

קֹוֶה (qō·wě(h)) BDB: see 7750

קוֹהֶלֶת (qô·hě·lěṯ) BDB: see 7738 (Ecc 12:8+)

7751 קוֹחַ (qôaḥ): see 7223 (Isa 61:1+)

קוט (qwṭ): see 7752

7752 קוּט (qûṭ): v.; ≡ Str 5354, 6962; TWOT 1996—LN 88.198–88.205 (qal) be angry, loathe, i.e., have a strong feeling of loathing and displeasure with an object (Ps 95:10+); (nif) feel loathing (for oneself) (Job 10:1; Eze 6:9; 20:43; 36:31+); (hitpolal) loathe, abhor (Ps 119:158; 139:21+), note: see also domains LN 25.186–25.188, LN 88.192–88.197, LN 88.198–88.205, LN 53.33–53.40

7753 קוֹט (qôṭ): v.; ≡ Str 6962; TWOT 1996—LN 19.34–19.42 (qal impf.) break, snap, i.e., divide an object into two or more parts by destructive physical impact (Job 8:14+), note: others sources suggest a cutting or pressing motion of impact, note: for another parsing as a noun, see also 3684; note: for other solutions, see WBC17:199

7754 קוֹל (qôl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6963; TWOT 1998a, 2028b—1. LN 14.74–14.86 sound, i.e., any type of noise which breaks the sound waves and so enters the perception of hearing (Ex 28:35), note: many of these sounds can act. as a signal, as opposed to a voice giving verbal communication; 2. LN 33.69–33.108 voice, i.e., the audible, intelligent sounds of a human, group of humans, or of God (Ge 27:22; Ex 19:19; Ex 24:3); 3. LN 33.69–33.108 cry, shout, i.e., the sound of a cry or shout of sorrow or joy (Ge 21:17; Jer 3:21); 4. LN 14.15–14.16 thunder, i.e., the sound which follows lightning (Ex 9:23); 5. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: (qal) נָשָׂא קוֹל (nā·śā(ʾ) qôl) be loud, formally, lift the voice, i.e., increase the volume in which one speaks (Ge 27:38); 6. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: (qal) רוּם קוֹל (rûm qôl) be loud, formally, raise the voice, i.e., increase the volume in which one speaks (Ge 39:15, 18); 7. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: (qal) נָתַן אֵת קוֹל (nā·ṯǎn ʾēṯ qôl) be loud, formally, give the voice, i.e., increase the volume in which one speaks (Ge 45:2), note: for MT text in Ps 19:5[EB 4], see 7742

7755 קוֹלָיָה (qô·lā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6964;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kolaiah: 1. father of the false prophet Ahab (Jer 29:21+) 2. of Benjamin (Ne 11:7+)

קום (qwm): see 7756

7756 קוּם (qûm): v.; ≡ Str 6965; TWOT 1999—1. LN 17.1–17.11 (qal) stand, i.e., be in a standing position (Job 19:25); 2. LN 17.1–17.11 (qal) get up, arise, stand up, i.e., be or become in a standing position (Ne 9:5); (hif) raise up (Dt 22:4; Isa 23:13); 3. LN 76 (qal) establish, i.e., confirm as valid and in force (Dt 19:15); (piel) establish, confirm (Ru 4:7; Est 9:21, 27, 29, 31,32; Ps 119:106; Eze 13:6+); (hif) establish, raise up, confirm (2Sa 3:10); (hof) be kept (Jer 35:14+); 4. LN 87.19–87.57 (hif) raise up, i.e., cause one to have a higher status, implying a determined choice by the one raising the status (Jdg 2:16; 1Sa 2:8); (hof) be exalted, honored (2Sa 23:1+); 5. LN 39.1–39.12 (polel) raise up, i.e., be in opposition to a foe or opponent (Mic 2:8+); (hitpolel) raise up against, be a foe (Job 20:27; 27:7; Ps 17:7; 59:2[EB 1]+); 6. LN 45 (hif) set up, construct, i.e., build a construction of many various kind (Ex 26:30); (hof) be set up (Ex 40:17); 7. LN 39.1–39.12 (hif) incite, formally, raise up, i.e., cause a feeling of hostility, with resultant hostile actions (1Sa 22:8); 8. LN 68.22–68.33 (hif) fulfill, accomplish, carry out, i.e., to bring an event to a successful conclusion (Dt 9:5; 1Sa 3:12); 9. LN 13.48–13.68 (polel) restore, i.e., bring to a prior, preferable state (Isa 44:26; 58:12; 61:4+); (hif) restore (Isa 49:6); 10. LN 25.146–25.155 (piel) encourage, i.e., cheer up and console a person who is weak or discouraged (Ps 119:28+); (hif) support (Job 4:4); 11. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: (hif) קוּם זֶרַע (qûm zě·rǎʿ) produce offspring, i.e., make a woman pregnant (Ge 38:8), note: for qal act. ptcp. masc.sing. as n.masc., see 7849.5; for another parsing of 2Ki 19:26; Isa 37:27 as n.fem., see 7850; note: in Ps 139:21 see 9539; note: further study may yield more domains

7757 קוֹמָה (qô·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6967; TWOT 1999a—1. LN 81.3–81.11 height, highness, i.e., a spatial measurement as the upper limit of an object or person (Ge 6:15; Ex 25:10, 23; 27:1, 18; 30:2; 37:1, 10, 25; 38:1, 18; 1Sa 16:7; 1Ki 6:2, 10, 20, 23, 26; 7:2, 15, 16,23, 27, 35; 2Ki 19:23; 25:17; 2Ch 4:1, 2; 6:13; SS 7:8[EB 7]; Isa 10:33; 37:24; Jer 52:21,22; Eze 19:11; 31:3, 5, 10, 14; 40:5+); 2. LN 81.1–81.2 a length of something, i.e., a spatial measure which can be vertical or horizontal (1Sa 28:20; 1Ki 7:32; Eze 13:18; 17:6+)

7758 קוֹמְמִיּוּת (qô·memiy·yûṯ): adv. [BDB:n.fem.]; ≡ Str 6968; TWOT 1999e—LN 17.29–17.33 erectly, with head held high, i.e., pertaining to walking in a manner in which one’s back is free of a very heavy burden and so be straight, and of one’sing. head is free to move with eyes forward or lifted toward the sky, with the associative meaning of being in a free, non-captive state (Lev 26:13+)

7759 קוֹנֵן (qô·nēn): v.; ≡ Str 6969; TWOT 2018—see 7801 BDB form

קוֹסֵם (qô·sēm): see 7877.5

7760 קוֹעַ (qôaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6970;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Koa: site E of Mesopotamia (Eze 23:23+)

7761 קוֹף (qôp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6971; TWOT 2000—LN 4.1–4.37 (most versions) ape, i.e., a tailless man-like mammal of the Simiidae family (1Ki 10:22; 2Ch 9:21+), note: other sources give a more likely identification a primate with a tail, such as a monkey or baboon, Papio hamadrias arabicus

7762 I. קוּץ (qûṣ): v.; ≡ Str 6973; TWOT 2002—1. LN 25.186–25.188 (qal) detest, be disgusted, loathe, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of abhorrence (Ge 27:46; Lev 20:23; Nu 21:5; 1Ki 11:25; Pr 3:11+), see also domain LN 88.192–88.197; 2. LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) fear, dread, i.e., have a feeling of severe distress toward an object or future event, with a focus that the fear is also mixed with feelings of hostility (Ex 1:12; Nu 22:3; Isa 7:16+)

7763 II. קוּץ (qûṣ): v.; ≡ Str 6972, 6974; TWOT 2019, 904a—LN 63.13–63.20 (hif) tear apart, i.e., separate a geographical area considered a whole into parts or sections, implying violence in the process, as a figurative extension of tearing a piece of sewn cloth into parts (Isa 7:6+), note: Job 14:12, see 7810; see also domain LN 1.82–1.85

7764 I. קוֹץ (qôṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6975; TWOT 2003a—1. LN 3.13–3.32 thornbush, i.e., a non-fruit bearing bush noted for their sharp, wood-splinter-like spines or tines (Ge 3:18; Ex 22:5[EB 6]; Ps 118:12; Isa 32:13; 33:12; Jer 4:3; 12:13; Hos 10:8+); 2. LN 3.47–3.59 thorn, i.e., the wood-splinter-like spines or tines of a thornbush (Jdg 8:7, 16; 2Sa 23:6; Eze 28:24+), note: for another interp in 2Sa 23:6, see 7764

7765 II. קוֹץ (qôṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6975; TWOT 2003a—LN 6.152–6.187 shreds of a wick, i.e., the used, spent, usually twisted, flax bits of a lamp-wick (2Sa 23:6+), note: for another interp, see 7765

7766 III. קוֹץ (qôṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6976;—LN 93-pers. (male) Koz: of Judah (1Ch 4:8+), note: some relate to 2212

7767 קְוֻצּוֹת (qewǔṣ·ṣôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 6977; TWOT 2003b—LN 8.9–8.69 locks of hair, tufts, tresses, i.e., a portion of the total hair on the head, which one can run the hands through (SS 5:2, 11+), note: the plural may refer to all the locks, and so the entire head of hair

קַוְקַו (qǎw·qǎw) BDB: see 7768

7768 קַוְקָו (qǎw·qāw): n.[masc.]—LN 76 might, power, great energy, i.e., the state or condition of force sufficient to accomplish an intended task, as an extension of supple, physical strength of an athletic human body (Isa 18:2,7+); note: for another interp, see 7743

קָוְקָו (qāw·qāw) BDB: see 7768

קור (qwr): see 7769

7769 I. קוּר (qûr): v.; ≡ Str 6979; TWOT 2004, 2077—LN 19.55 (qal) dig, bore, i.e., make a hole in the earth with a sharp-edged instrument (2Ki 19:24; Isa 37:25+), note: in context one digs water storage or water delivery holes

7770 II. קוּר (qûr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6980; TWOT 2005a—LN 8.70–8.77 cobweb thread, a thin, continuous filament produced as a by-product of a spider (Isa 59:5, 6+)

קוֹרֵא (qô·rē(ʾ)) BDB: see 7927 (1Ch 9:19; 2Ch 31:14+)

7771 קוֹרָה (qô·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 6982; TWOT 2068d—1. LN 7.77–7.79 beam, thick pole, rafter, i.e., the very thick plank of wood used as major weight-bearing beams used in construction, such as holding up a roof (Ge 19:8; 2Ki 6:2; 2Ch 3:7; SS 1:17+); 2. LN 3.2–3.12 tree, i.e., a tree of sufficient diameter to be processed into a major weight-bearing beam (2Ki 6:5+)

קושׁ (qwš): see 7772

7772 קוּשׁ (qûš): v.; ≡ Str 6983; TWOT 2006—LN 27.30–27.33 (qal impf.) set a snare, ensnare, i.e., obtain or characterize information falsely to change a correct innocent verdict to guilty, as a figurative extension of laying bait or a snare for trapping an animal (Isa 29:21+), see also domain LN 44

קוּשְׁיָהוּ (qû·šeyā·hû) BDB: see 7773

7773 קוּשָׁיָהוּ (qû·šā·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6984;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kushaiahu (Kushaiah NIV): father of musician appointed by David (1Ch 15:17+), see also 7823

קַח (qǎḥ), קָח (qāḥ) BDB: see 4374

7774 קָח (qāḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 3947; TWOT 1124—LN 3.2–3.12 willow, i.e., a tree or shrub from the genus Salix (Eze 17:5+), note: some sources parse as 4374

קַחַת (qǎ·ḥǎṯ) BDB: see 4374

7775 קָט (qāṭ): adj.; ≡ Str 6985; TWOT 2006.1—1. LN 67.78–67.141 little, i.e., pertaining to a relatively brief period of time (Eze 16:47+); 2. LN 67.17–67.64 unit: מְעַט קָט (meʿǎṭ qāṭ) soon, formally, little time, i.e., a point of time in reference to other points of time (Eze 16:47+), note: some sources delete this word from the text

7776 קֶטֶב (qě·ṭěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6986, 6987; TWOT 2007a—1. LN 23.142–23.184 plague, pestilence, i.e., the contagious, pandemic, possibly fatal, destruction of biological life, often associated with punishment by deity (Dt 32:24; Ps 91:6+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, i.e., a state or condition of utter ruin from a normal state (Isa 28:2; Hos 13:14+)

קֹטֶב (qō·ṭěḇ) BDB: see 7776

7777 קְטוֹרָה (qeṭô·rā(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6988; TWOT 2011a—LN 53.16–53.27 incense smoke, i.e., the aromatic by-product of burning spices in a sacrifice ritual to deity (Dt 33:10+), see also domain LN 6.205–6.212

7778 קְטוּרָה (qeṭû·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6989;—LN 93-pers. (female) Keturah: the wife or concubine of Abraham after the death of Sarah (Ge 25:1, 4; 1Ch 1:32, 33+)

קטט (qṭṭ) KB3: see 7753

קטל (qṭl): see 7779

7779 קָטַל (qā·ṭǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6991; TWOT 2008—LN 20.61–20.88 (qal impf.) slay, kill, i.e., take the life of another (Job 13:15; 24:14; Ps 139:19+)

7780 קֶטֶל (qě·ṭěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6993; TWOT 2008a—LN 20.61–20.88 slaughter, i.e., the state or condition of killing another, implied to be relatively easy (Ob 9+)

קטן (qṭn): see 7781

7781 I. קָטֹן (qā·ṭōn): v.; ≡ Str 6994; TWOT 2009—1. LN 65.17–65.19 (qal) trifling, be unworthy, not enough, i.e., be in a state of not meeting a merits test, implying one considers relatively low status to the unworthy object (Ge 32:11[EB 10]; 2Sa 7:19; 1Ch 17:17+); 2. LN 81.20–81.24 (hif) make small, skimp, i.e., measure less than a standard amount of volume (Am 8:5+)

קְטֹן (qeṭōn) BDB: see 7782

7782 קֹטֶן (qō·ṭěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6995; TWOT 2009c—LN 8.9–8.69 little finger, i.e., the smallest, fourth finger on the hand (1Ki 12:10; 2Ch 10:10+), note: some sources translate as “penis,” giving a more specific rendering of “genitals” to מָתְנַיִם; note: the editor thinks “little finger” and “waist” are the contextually preferred rendering

7783 I. קָטָן (qā·ṭān): adj.; ≡ Str 6996; TWOT 2009a, 2009b—1. LN 79.123–79.128 small, i.e., pertaining to being a relatively little mass (Dt 25:13, 14; 2Sa 12:3; 1Ki 17:13; 18:44; 2Ki 4:10; 2Ch 36:18; Ps 104:25; Pr 30:24; Ecc 9:14; SS 2:15; Eze 43:14; Zec 4:10); 2. LN 67.78–67.117 younger, youngest, i.e., pertaining to being of less chronological years compared to others of an older age (Ge 9:24; 27:15); 3. LN 87.58–87.75 insignificant, lesser, i.e., pertaining to being of low status (2Ch 34:30)

7784 II. קָטָן (qā·ṭān): n.pr.—see 2214 (male) (Ezr 8:12+)

7785 I. קָטֹן (qā·ṭōn): adj.; ≡ Str 6996; TWOT 2009a—1. LN 28.57–28.67 simple, i.e., pertaining to that which can be relatively easily determined or known (Ex 18:22); 2. LN 87.58–87.75 insignificant, lesser, i.e., pertaining to being of low status compared to others in the same class or kind (Ge 1:16; 1Sa 15:17; 2Ki 23:2); 3. LN 67.78–67.117 young, younger, youngest, i.e., pertaining to being of less chronological years compared to others of an older age, sometimes with an associative meaning of less status (Ge 42:13); 4. LN 79.123–79.128 small, i.e., pertaining to being a relatively little mass or area (1Sa 2:19; 1Ki 8:64; Am 6:11); 5. LN 67.78–67.117 brief, i.e., pertaining to a very small unit of time (Isa 54:7); 6. LN 78.44–78.50 unit: קָטֹן אוֹ גָּדוֹל (qā·ṭōn ʾô gā·ḏôl) completely, at all, formally, small and great, i.e., pertaining to a completive degree (1Sa 22:15)

קטף (qṭp): see 7786

7786 קָטַף (qā·ṭǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 6998; TWOT 2010—1. LN 43 (qal) pluck, pick off, i.e., remove as harvest, the fruit part of a plant (Dt 23:26[EB 25]; Job 30:4+); (nif) picked (Job 8:12+); 2. LN 43 (qal) transplant, formally, break off, i.e., remove a sprig of a tree (as a propagation technique) and replant as a new plant (Eze 17:4, 22+)

קטר (qṭr) KB, Holladay: see 7787, 7788

קטר (qṭr)[1] Lisowsky: see 7787

קטר (qṭr)[2] Lisowsky: see 7788

7787 I. קָטַר (qā·ṭǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6999; TWOT 2011—1. LN 53.16–53.27 (piel) make smoke offering, i.e., burn an offering of aromatic incense smoke (or other desireable materials) in dedication and worship of a deity, with a focus on the smoke that the material produces (1Ki 22:44); (hif) burn a smoking offering (Lev 1:9), note: for a focus on burning of materials in a generic sense, see LN 14.63–14.73; (hof) be burned as a smoke offering (Lev 6:15[EB 22]+), note: for another parsing in Mal 1:11, see 5231; 2. LN 6.205–6.212 (pual) perfumed, i.e., pertaining to having a pleasant aroma (SS 3:6+)

7788 II. קָטַר (qā·ṭǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7000; TWOT 2012—LN 79.110–79.113 (qal pass. ptcp.) be enclosed, i.e., pertaining to not being an open area, but sealed in to some degree by a barrier such as a wall (Eze 46:22+), see also 7791; note: some sources change text to possibly 7783, 7785

7789 קִטֵּר (qiṭ·ṭēr): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7002; TWOT 2011c—LN 6.205–6.212 incense, burning perfumes, i.e., material used to produce a fragrant smoke (Jer 44:21+), note: usually used for incense offerings; note: some sources change text to 7792

7790 קִטְרוֹן (qiṭ·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7003;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kitron: town in Zebulun (Jdg 1:30+), possibly same as 7793

7791 קְטֻרוֹת (qeṭǔ·rôṯ): adj. [oth qal pass.ptcp. fp of 7788]—LN 79.110–79.113 enclosed, i.e., pertaining to not being an open area, but sealed in to some degree by a barrier such as a wall (Eze 46:22+), note: KB, Holladay read as 7783, 7785, see BHS ftn

7792 קְטֹרֶת (qeṭō·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7004; TWOT 2011a—1. LN 6.205–6.212 incense, burning perfumes, i.e., material used to produce a fragrant smoke (Ex 25:6), note: usually used for incense offerings; 2. LN 53.16–53.27 smoke offering, i.e., an offering of incense burned on an altar to worship deity (Ps 66:15; 141:2; Isa 1:13+)

7793 קַטָּת (qǎṭ·ṭāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7005;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kattath: town in Zebulun (Jos 19:15+), possibly same as 7790

קיא (qyʾ): see 7794, 7795

7794 I. קִיא (qî(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 6958, 7006; TWOT 2013, 2013b—LN 23.40–23.45 (qal) vomit, spit out, i.e., a state of disgorging the contents of the stomach or mouth, usually as a reflex of the body (Lev 18:28b+), note: for Jer 25:27, see 7796; (hif) vomit out, spit out, with a slight emphasis on the action of vomiting (Lev 18:25, 28a; 20:22; Job 20:15; Pr 23:8; 25:16; Jnh 2:11[EB 10]+)

7795 II. קִיא (qî(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6892; TWOT 2013a—LN 8.70–8.77 vomit, heave, i.e., the disgorged contents of the stomach of human or animal (Isa 19:14; 28:8; Jer 48:26+)

קיה (qyh): see 7796

7796 קָיָה (qā·yā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 6958; TWOT 2014—LN 23.40–23.45 (qal) vomit, spit out, i.e., to disgorge contents of the stomach or mouth, usually as a reflex of the body (Jer 25:27+), see also 7794

7797 קַיִט (qǎ·yiṭ): n.[masc.]—LN 67.163–67.200 summer, i.e., a warm, sunny season of the year, with a focus that this time of year does not wash away the threads of a spider’s web (Job 8:14 cj+), note: for MT text, see 3684; note: another spelling for this cj would be 7811; see WBC17:199 and BHS ftn for this complex emendation, yet with little change in the overall figure of fragility; editor recommends keep MT text analysis

7798 קִיטוֹר (qî·ṭôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7008; TWOT 2011b—1. LN 1.34–1.38 cloud of smoke, i.e., a mass of particulates free floating together, dense enough to be opaque to radiant light (Ge 19:28; Ps 119:83; 148:8+), note: for another interp in Ps 148:8, see next; 2. LN 1.34–1.38 storm cloud, i.e., a relatively dark, visible mass of condensed vapors which will pour down rain (Ps 148:8+), note: the MT accents relate to “snow” so “water storm cloud” would be the contextual meaning, however, another poetic device is in play (chiasmas), then the related word would be lightning and so “smoke;” the editor thinks it reads most naturally as “storm cloud”

7799 קִים (qîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7009; TWOT 1999c—LN 39.1–39.12 foe, adversary, opponent, i.e., one who is in hostile state, and acts as an enemy toward another (Job 22:20+)

7800 קִימָה (qî·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7012; TWOT 1999d—LN 17.1–17.11 standing up, rising up, i.e., be in a standing position, in contrast to other positions (La 3:63+)

קִימוֹשׂ (qî·môś) BDB: see 7853

קין (qyn): see 7801

7801 קִין (qîn): v.; ≡ Str 6969; TWOT 2018—LN 33.109–33.116 (polel) chant a lament, sing a dirge, i.e., utter words in a rhythmic pattern, which may include a melody (2Sa 1:17; 3:33; 2Ch 35:25; Jer 9:16[EB 17]; Eze 27:32; 32:16+), see also domain LN 52, LN 25.135–25.145

7802 I. קַיִן (qǎ·yin): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7013; TWOT 2015a—LN 6.29–6.40 spearhead, i.e., the metal, pointed end of a spear as a weapon (2Sa 21:16+), note: some sources change text to 7746?

7803 II. קַיִן (qǎ·yin): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7014; TWOT 2017—LN 93-pers. (male) Cain: first son of Adam and Eve (Ge 4:1–25 passim+); also, a part of a compound name, Tubal-Cain, see 9340

7804 III. קַיִן (qǎ·yin): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7014; TWOT 2017—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Kenite: tribal group descended from Hobab (Jdg 4:11; Nu 24:22+)

7805 IV. קַיִן (qǎ·yin): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7014; TWOT 2017—LN 93-place (loc.) Kain: town in the hill country of Judah, (Jos 15:57+)

7806 I. קִינָה (qî·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7015; TWOT 2018a—1. LN 33.109–33.116 lament, dirge, elegy, i.e., a mourning song in either a written or vocal form to express grief and sorrow (2Sa 1:17; 2Ch 35:25a; Jer 7:29; 9:9[EB 10],19[EB 20]; Eze 2:10; 19:1, 14; 26:17; 27:2, 32; 28:12; 32:2, 16; Am 5:1; 8:10+); 2. LN 33.35–33.68 the Laments, i.e., a written codified body of literature composed of mourning songs (2Ch 35:25b+), see also domain LN 33.109–33.116

7807 II. קִינָה (qî·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7016;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kinah: town in Negev of Judah (Jos 15:22+)

7808 קֵינִי (qê·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7017; TWOT 2016—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Kenite: pertaining to a people descended from Hobab (Ge 15:19; Nu 24:21; Jdg 1:16; 4:11, 17; 5:24; 1Sa 15:6; 27:10; 30:29; 1Ch 2:55+)

7809 קֵינָן (qê·nān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7018;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kenan: of Seth (Ge 5:9, 10, 12, 13, 14; 1Ch 1:2+)

קיץ (qyṣ): see 7810

קֵיץ (qêṣ) Lisowsky: see 7810

7810 קִיץ (qîṣ): v.; ≡ Str 6974; TWOT 904a—1. LN 67.163–67.200 (qal pf. 3ms.) pass. the summer, i.e., go through the season of heat (Isa 18:6+); 2. LN 23.66–23.77 (hif) rouse, awaken, wake, i.e., be or cause to be in an alert, active state in contrast to a stupored, tired, or sleeping, or simply inactive state (1Sa 26:12; 2Ki 4:31; Ps 3:6[EB 5]; 17:15; 44:24[EB 23]; 73:20; 139:18; Pr 6:22; 23:35; Isa 29:8; Jer 31:26; Joel 1:5+); 3. LN 23.88–23.128 (hif) alive, i.e., be or cause to be living, possibly from the state of death (Job 14:12; Isa 26:19; Jer 51:39, 57; Da 12:2; Hab 2:19+); 4. LN 42.7–42.28 (hif) take action, formally awake from sleep, i.e., to do or cause to do an action as a figurative extension of being in an alert, conscious state of mind (Ps 35:23; 59:6[EB 5]; Eze 7:6+)

7811 קַיִץ (qǎ·yiṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7019; TWOT 2020a—1. LN 67.163–67.200 summer, i.e., the hot season of the year, the time of harvest for many crops (Ge 8:22; Ps 32:4; 74:17; Pr 6:8; 10:5; 26:1; 30:25; Isa 28:4; Jer 8:20; Am 3:15; Zec 14:8+); 2. LN 3.33–3.46 summer fruit, i.e., the produce of fruit-bearing trees and plants which are ripened and so harvested in the summer time (2Sa 16:1, 2; Isa 16:9; Jer 40:10, 12; 48:32; Am 8:1, 2; Mic 7:1+), note: in some contexts the reference may specifically be the fig-fruit

7812 קִיצוֹן (qî·ṣôn): adj.; ≡ Str 7020; TWOT 2060b—LN 80.5–80.7 end, outermost, i.e., pertaining to the distant end of a space or defined area, viewed by the subject (Ex 26:4, 10; 36:11, 17+)

7813 קִיקָיוֹן (qî·qāy·wōn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7021; TWOT 2021—LN 3.13–3.32 vine plant, i.e., a plant with tendrils and large leaves (Jnh 4:6,7, 9, 10+), note: some sources (KB, Holladay, NJB, Tanakh) specifically identify as probably the caster-oil plant, Ricinus communis, still others as a kind of cucumber plant of the gourd family Cucimus or the bottle gourd; (NIV) vine; (NASB, NKJV, RSV) plant; (NRSV) bush; (KJV, ASV, NAB) gourd; (NEB, REB) climbing gourd

7814 קִיקָלוֹן (qî·qā·lôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7022; TWOT 2028f—LN 87.58–87.75 disgrace, shame, i.e., a condition or state of dishonor, and public humiliation, and so be in a low status (Hab 2:16+)

7815 I. קִיר (qîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7023; TWOT 2022—1. LN 7.59–7.62 wall, i.e., a barrier to divide two areas, or support structure for building (1Sa 18:11); 2. LN 7.26–7.53 ceiling, roof, i.e., the upper, inner, or outer, horizontal part of a construction (1Ki 6:16; 2Ki 4:10); 3. LN 83.46–83.47 surface, formally, wall, i.e., any surface of an area either vertical or horizontal (Ex 30:3; Eze 41:22); 4. LN 25.223–25.250 agony, formally, wall, i.e., a state of despair and anxiety (Jer 4:19+); 5. LN 9.24–9.33 unit: שִׁין בְּ־ קִיר (šîn b- qîr)1 male, formally, urinate on a wall, i.e., any person of the male gender (1Sa 25:22, 34; 1Ki 14:10; 16:11; 21:21; 2Ki 9:8+); 6. LN 45 unit: חָרָשׁ אֶבֶן קִיר (ḥā·rāš ʾě·ḇěn qîr)1 stonemason, formally, craftsman of stone wall, (2Sa 5:11+); 7. LN 45 unit: חָרָשׁ קִיר (ḥā·rāš qîr)1 stonemason, formally, craftsman of a wall (1Ch 14:1+)

7816 II. קִיר (qîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7024;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kir: town of Moab (Isa 15:1+), see also 7818, 7819; also, a part of a compound name, Kir Hareseth, see 7818, 7819

7817 III. קִיר (qîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7024;—LN 93-place (terr) Kir: a currently unknown place in Mesopotamia from which Arameans had emigrated (2Ki 16:9; Isa 22:6; Am 1:5; 9:7+)

7818 קִיר־חֶרֶשׂ (qîr-·ḥě·rěś): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7025;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kir Hareseth: town of Moab, (Isa 16:11; Jer 48:31, 36+), see also 7816, 7819

7819 קִיר חֲרֶשֶׁת (qîr ḥǎrě·šěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7025;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kir Hareseth: town of Moab, (2Ki 3:25; Isa 16:7+), see also 7816, 7818

7820 קֵירֹס (qê·rōs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7026;—LN 93-pers. (male) Keros: ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:44; Ne 7:47+)

7821 קִישׁ (qîš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7027;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kish: 1. father of King Saul (1Sa 9:1, 3) 2. another of Benjamin (1Ch 8:30; 9:36+) 3. son of Mahli (1Ch 23:21, 22; 1Ch 24:29+) 4. Levite in the time of King Hezekiah (2Ch 29:12+) 5. ancestor of Mordecai (Est 2:5+)

7822 קִישׁוֹן (qî·šôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7028;—LN 93-place (River Valley) Kishon: river that flows from Mt. Tabor and Mt. Gilboa, through the Plain of Megiddo to the Mediterranean (Jdg 4:7, 13; 5:21; 1Ki 18:40; Ps 83:10[EB 9]+)

7823 קִישִׁי (qî·šî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7029;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kishi: father of musician appointed by David (1Ch 6:29[EB 44]+), see also 7773

7824 קַל (qǎl): adj. [see also 7824.5, 7824.6]; ≡ Str 7031; TWOT 2028a—1. LN 67.78–67.117 swift, speedy, i.e., pertaining to an object that can move from one place to another in a relatively brief period of time (Isa 18:2; 19:1; Jer 2:23; La 4:19+); 2. LN 67.78–67.117 unit: קַל בְּ־ רֶגֶל (qǎl b- rě·ḡěl) fleet-footed, formally, swift of foot, i.e., pertaining to an object that can move from one place to another in a relatively brief period of time, with a focus on movement over land on the feet (2Sa 2:18; Am 2:15+)

קַל (qǎl): n.masc. [served by 7824]; ≡ Str 7031; TWOT 2028a—1. LN 15.230–15.237 the swift, i.e., a class of persons that can move quickly from one place to another, implying fitness, strength, and health, with a central focus on running (Ecc 9:11; Jer 46:6; Am 2:14+); 2. LN 14.17–14.35 sea-foam, suds, formally, a light thing, i.e., a light frothy mass of very small bubbles, often found on churning water (Job 24:18+); 3. LN 4.1–4.37 swift horse, i.e., a large mammal of the Equidae family, with the special feature of being fast-running animal (Isa 30:16+)

קַל (qǎl): adv. [served by 7824]; ≡ Str 7031; TWOT 2028a—LN 67.78–67.117 swiftly, speedily, i.e., pertaining to a manner one does an action in a brief period of time (Isa 5:26; Joel 4:4[EB 3:4]+)

קֹל (qōl) BDB: see 7754

7825 I. קֹל (qōl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 6963; TWOT 1998a—LN 88.252–88.255 frivolity, light-heartedness, i.e., a small amount of concern or regard toward a moral action and so be indulgent (Jer 3:9+)

7826 II. קֹל (qōl): n.masc.—see 7754 (Ex 4:8; 19:16; Dt 1:45; 1Sa 12:1)

קלהּ (qlh): see 7827

7827 קָלַהּ (qā·lǎh): v.; ≡ Str 7035; TWOT 1991—LN 88.126–88.134 (nif) be treated with contempt, and so be treated badly (2Sa 20:14 K+), note: for Q, see also 7735; note: in this context בּוֹא אַחַר (bô(ʾ) ʾǎ·ḥǎr) would likely be to pursue in hostility

I. קלה (qlh): see 7828

II. קלה (qlh): see 7829

7828 I. קָלָה (qā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7033; TWOT 2023—1. LN 14.63–14.73 (qal) burn, i.e., the state of consuming material with fire (Jer 29:22+); 2. LN 46 (qal pass.) roasted, i.e., pertaining to dry cooking with a fire to remove moisture cereal grain (Lev 2:14; Jos 5:11+); 3. LN 24.77–24.94 (nif ptcp.) be in pain, i.e., pertaining to having a searing, burning sensation in the body, apparently due to nerve damage due to a stressful, straining body position (Ps 38:8[EB 7]+)

7829 II. קָלָה (qā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7034; TWOT 2024—LN 87.58–87.75 (nif) lightly esteemed, despised, be a nobody, be degraded, i.e., pertaining to having a person or situation be considered of very low status or priority (Dt 25:3; 27:16; 1Sa 18:23; Pr 12:9; Isa 3:5; 16:14+), note: in some contexts, an associative meaning of feeling scorn or contempt for the object is also related to the context, see also domain LN 88.192–88.197; (hif) dishonor, treat with contempt, disdain (Dt 27:16+)

7830 קָלוֹן (qā·lôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7036; TWOT 2024a—1. LN 87.58–87.75 shame, disgrace, i.e., a state of dishonor and ignominy (infamy) and so have low status and public disgrace, with associated feelings of shame (Job 10:15; Ps 83:17[EB 16]; Pr 3:35; 6:33; 11:2; 13:18; 18:3; Isa 22:18; Jer 13:26; 46:12; Hos 4:7, 18; Na 3:5; Hab 2:16+); 2. LN 33.387–33.403 insult, i.e., a verbal communication of scorn and slander (Pr 9:7; 12:16; 22:10+)

7831 קַלַּחַת (qǎl·lǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7037; TWOT 2025—LN 6.118–6.151 cooking pot, caldron, kettle, i.e., a large, assumedly metal, vessel for cooking or boiling meats or stews (1Sa 2:14; Mic 3:3+)

קלט (qlṭ): see 7832

7832 קָלַט (qā·lǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 7038; TWOT 2027—LN 79.123–79.128 (qal ptcp. pass.) be stunted, be pygmy, be dwarfed, i.e., pertaining to a defective object which is physically smaller than genetically normal (Lev 22:23+), note: some sources suggest it refers to only the tail as short or stunted

7833 קָלִי (qā·lî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7039; TWOT 2023a—LN 5.1–5.22 roasted grain, parched grain, i.e., the fruit of the cereal plant with the moisture removed by a dry heat process (Lev 23:14; Ru 2:14; 1Sa 17:17; 25:18; 2Sa 17:28+)

קַלַּי (qǎl·lǎy) BDB: see 7834

7834 קַלָּי (qǎl·lāy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7040;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kallai: priest in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 12:20+)

קָלִיא (qā·lî(ʾ)) BDB: see 7833 (1Sa 17:17+)

7835 קֵלָיָה (qē·lā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7041;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kelaiah: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:23+), see also 7836

7836 קְלִיטָא (qelî·ṭā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7042;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kelita: 1. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:23+) 2. instructor in Torah (Ne 8:7+) 3. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:11[EB 10]+), note: possibly same as 2., see also 7835

קלל (qll): see 7837

7837 קָלַל (qā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 7043; TWOT 2028—1. LN 59.11–59.22 (qal) recede, grow smaller, i.e., be in a state of a mass becoming less and so lowering in elevation (Ge 8:8, 11+); 2. LN 88.192–88.197 (qal) disdain, despise, be vile, i.e., be in a state of contempt for an object, showing little regard or value to the object (Ge 16:4, 5; 1Sa 2:30+); (hif) humble, treat with contempt (2Sa 19:44; Job 40:4; Isa 8:23; 23:9; Eze 22:7; Na 1:14+); 3. LN 68.79–68.82 (qal) be swift, i.e., move in a sudden or rapid manner, as a figurative extension of being of light weight and so able to move quickly (2Sa 1:23; Job 7:6; 9:25; Jer 4:13; Hab 1:8+); (nif) be swift (Isa 30:16+); 4. LN 65.1–65.16 (nif) become trivial, be not serious, i.e., not be of value according to an estimation or evaluation (2Sa 6:22; 1Ki 16:31; Isa 49:6; Jer 6:14; 8:11; Eze 8:17+); 5. LN 22.38–22.41 (nif) be easy, i.e., pertaining to that which is not difficult and so not as much of a physical or emotional strain to endure (2Ki 3:18; 20:10; Pr 14:6+); (hif) lighten, make easier (Ex 18:22; 1Sa 6:5; 1Ki 12:4, 9, 10; 2Ch 10:4, 9, 10+); 6. LN 33.470–33.475 (piel) curse, blaspheme, revile, i.e., invoke divine harm to an object, implying anger or great displeasure toward the object (1Sa 17:43), note: when the focus is on slandering or insulting the reputation of another (even God), see also domain LN 33.387–33.403; (pual) be accursed (Job 24:18; Ps 37:22; Isa 65:20+); 7. LN 86.1–86.3 (hif) make lighter, i.e., make an object relatively less heavy (Jnh 1:5+); 8. LN 79.95–79.96 (pilpel) sharpen, i.e., place a thin cutting edge on an instrument (Ecc 10:10+); 9. LN 30.86–30.107 (pilpel) cast lot, i.e., chose a course of action by throwing an object and interpreting the way it lands for a decision for the future (Eze 21:26[EB 21]+); 10. LN 16 (hitpalpel) quake, shake, sway, i.e., move back and forth in non-linear motion (Jer 4:24+), note: 1Sa 18:23, see 7829

7838 קָלָל (qā·lāl): adj.; ≡ Str 7044; TWOT 2028c—LN 79.84–79.87 polished, burnished, i.e., pertaining to a smooth, shiny appearance of rubbed metal, as the feature of an object (Eze 1:7; Da 10:6+)

7839 קְלָלָה (qelā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7045; TWOT 2028d—1. LN 33.470–33.475 curse, i.e., the invoking of divine harm under certain conditions, with a focus on the content of the oath (Ge 27:12, 13; Dt 11:26, 28, 29; 21:23; 23:6[EB 5]; 27:13; 28:15, 45; 29:26[EB 27]; 30:1, 19; Jos 8:34; Jdg 9:57; 2Sa 16:12; 1Ki 2:8; Ne 13:2; Ps 109:17, 18; Pr 26:2; 27:14; Jer 29:22+); 2. LN 33.470–33.475 accursed, i.e., the object of a curse (2Ki 22:19; Jer 24:9; 25:18; 26:6; 42:18; 44:8, 12, 22; 49:13; Zec 8:13+), note: some sources say this is not an “object of a curse,” but a “curse-formula.”

קלס (qls): see 7840

7840 קָלַס (qā·lǎs): v.; ≡ Str 7046; TWOT 2029—LN 33.406–33.411 (piel) scorn, mock, deride, jeer, i.e., to verbally ridicule another (Eze 16:31+); (hitp) make fun of, mock, i.e., deride another, with a possible focus on persons in a group speaking back and forth to each other as part of the mocking process (2Ki 2:23; Eze 22:5; Hab 1:10+)

7841 קֶלֶס (qě·lěs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7047; TWOT 2029a—LN 33.406–33.411 laughingstock, derision, reproach, i.e., an object of mocking and jeering (Ps 44:14[EB 13]; 79:4; Jer 20:8+)

7842 קַלָּסָה (qǎl·lā·sā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7048; TWOT 2029b—LN 33.406–33.411 laughingstock, derision, reproach, i.e., an object of mocking and jeering (Eze 22:4+)

I. קלע (qlʿ): see 7843

II. קלע (qlʿ): see 7844

7843 I. קָלַע (qā·lǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7049; TWOT 2030, 2031—LN 15.215–15.221 (qal ptcp.) hurl an object in a sling to another place (Jdg 20:16; Jer 10:18+); (piel impf.) hurl, sling, i.e., throw an object into another place (1Sa 17:49; 25:29+)

7844 II. קָלַע (qā·lǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7049; TWOT 2030—LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) carve, engrave, i.e., the purposeful pressing artistic motion of engraving with a sharp-cutting tool on hard surfaces, such as wood, for ornaments (1Ki 6:29, 32, 35+)

7845 I. קֶלַע (qě·lǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7050; TWOT 2030a, 2030c—1. LN 6.29–6.40 sling, i.e., a weapon used to throw rocks, usually with straps and a pocket in the middle (1Sa 17:40, 50; 25:29+); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 unit: אֶבֶן קֶלַע (ʾě·ḇěn qě·lǎʿ)1 slingstone, i.e., a smooth, round stone used in a sling, usually the size of a small fist, or slightly smaller (2Ch 26:14; Job 41:20[EB 28]; Zec 9:15+)

7846 II. קֶלַע (qě·lǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7050; TWOT 2030a—LN 6.152–6.187 curtain, drapery, screen, hanging, i.e., a vertical divider between two areas, often made of plant fiber such as linen (Ex 27:9, 11, 12, 14, 15; 35:17; 38:9, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18; 39:40; Nu 3:26; 4:26; 1Ki 6:34+), note: for NIV text in 1Ki 6:34b, see 7521

7847 קַלָּע (qǎl·lāʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7051; TWOT 2030b—1. LN 55.14–55.22 slinger, i.e., a soldier who uses a sling as a weapon (2Ki 3:25+); 2. LN 6.118–6.151 bread bag, knapsack, i.e., a flexible container for food stuffs for travel (2Ki 4:42 cj+) note: for MT text, see 7638

7848 קְלֹקֵל (qelō·qēl): adj.; ≡ Str 7052; TWOT 2028e—LN 22.15–22.20 miserable, loathsome, vile, i.e., pertaining to an object which is unpleasurable, and so is an experience of trouble (Nu 21:5+), note: some translate as “starvation” as pertaining to a small amount of food, though possible is not as likely contextually, see also domain LN 23.1–23.39; note: still other sources identify this as a type of bad-tasting, bean-producing plant, see also domain LN 3.13–3.32

7849 קִלְּשׁוֹן (qil·lešôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7053; TWOT 2032—1. LN 6.4–6.9 farm implement, i.e., a sharp pointed implement such as a fork (1Sa 13:21+); 2. LN 6.4–6.9 unit: שָׁלֹשׁ קִלְּשׁוֹן (šā·lōš qil·lešôn) trident, i.e., a three-pronged fork for agricultural work (1Sa 13:21+), note: the NIV and others translate שָׁלֹשׁ (šā·lōš) as “a third of a shekel” and not related to the implement

קָם (qām): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.sing. of 7756]; ≡ Str 7053; TWOT 2032—LN 39.1–39.12 adversary, enemy, foe, i.e., a person who is an opponent in a hostile relation to another (Ex 15:7; 32:25; Dt 33:11a; 2Sa 22:40, 49; Ps 18:40[EB 39],49[EB 48]; 44:6[EB 5]; 74:23; 92:12[EB 11]; Jer 51:1; La 3:62+), note: for Jer 51:1 as n.pr., see 4214

7850 קָמָה (qā·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7054; TWOT 1999b—LN 3.13–3.32 standing grain, i.e., cereal plants which are still in the field, in a vertical, planted, position (Ex 22:5[EB 6]; Dt 16:9; 23:26[EB 25]; Jdg 15:5; Isa 17:5; Hos 8:7+), for another parsing of 2Ki 19:26; Isa 37:27 as qal pf. 3fs., see 7756

קֹמָה (qō·mā(h)) BDB: see 7757

7851 קְמוּאֵל (qemû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7055;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kemuel: 1. nephew of Abraham (Ge 22:21+) 2. of Ephraim, in the division of the land (Nu 34:24+) 3. father of Levite officer in David’s day (1Ch 27:17+)

7852 קָמוֹן (qā·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7056;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kamon: town in Gilead (Jdg 10:5+)

7853 קִמּוֹשׂ (qim·môś): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7057, 7063; TWOT 2037a—LN 3.13–3.32 weed, thorns, nettles, briers, brambles, i.e., a non-productive plant of any kind, often in the context of other thorn-plants (Pr 24:31; Isa 34:13; Hos 9:6+)

קִמּוֹשׁ (qim·môš) Lisowsky: see 7853

7854 קֶמַח (qě·mǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7058; TWOT 2033a—LN 5.1–5.22 flour, i.e., grain which is ground up for baking bread and cakes (Ge 18:6; Nu 5:15; Jdg 6:19; 1Sa 1:24; 28:24; 2Sa 17:28; 1Ki 5:2[EB 4:22]; 17:12, 14, 16; 2Ki 4:41; 1Ch 12:41[EB 40]; Isa 47:2; Hos 8:7+), note: in some contexts this may be “meal” or “groats” as a coarse-ground meal with more of the husk material in it

קמט (qmṭ): see 7855

7855 קָמַט (qā·mǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 7059; TWOT 2034—LN 18.1–18.11 (qal impf.) seize, grab, i.e., take hold of an object, implying force (Job 16:8+), note: NIV translates “bind”; (pual pf.) be seized (Job 22:16+), note: NIV translates “carried off.”

7856 קָמָי (qā·māy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6965; TWOT 1999—LN 93-place (loc.) Kamai: part of a compound name, Leb Kamai, see 4214, note: as a common noun, see 7849.5

קמל (qml): see 7857

7857 קָמַל (qā·mǎl): v.; ≡ Str 7060; TWOT 2035—LN 79.78–79.83 (qal pf.) wither, i.e., be or become in a dry and shriveled state (Isa 19:6; 33:9+)

קָמֵל (qā·mēl): see 7857

קמץ (qmṣ): see 7858

7858 קָמַץ (qā·mǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 7061; TWOT 2036—LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) grasp, i.e., make a motion with the hand to attach it to an object (Lev 2:2; 5:12; Nu 5:26+)

7859 קֹמֶץ (qō·měṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7062; TWOT 2036a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 fist, closed hand, i.e., the hand as a part of the body in a closed position for holding an object or mass of quantity (Lev 2:2; 5:12; 6:8[EB 15]+); 2. LN 59.48–59.61 abundance, plenty, formally, handfuls, i.e., an amount which is more than enough (Ge 41:47+)

7860 קֵן (qēn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7064; TWOT 2042a—1. LN 6.146 nest, i.e., a bed or receptacle made by a bird to contain eggs and young, usually in an elevated place (Nu 24:21; Dt 22:6; 32:11; Job 39:27; Ps 84:4[EB 3]; Pr 27:8; Isa 10:14; 16:2; Jer 49:16; Ob 4; Hab 2:9+); 2. LN 7.26–7.53 room, cell, stall, i.e., a part or area of a larger construction (Ge 6:14; Job 29:18+), note: in context, a room on a boat, or land

קנא (qnʾ): see 7861

7861 קָנָא (qā·nā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 7065; TWOT 2038—1. LN 88.160–88.166 (piel) be jealous, be envious, i.e., have a feeling of ill will ranging even to anger, based on a perceived advantage, or a desire for exclusivity in relationship (Ge 26:14; 30:1; 37:11; Nu 5:14,30; 11:29; Dt 32:21b; 1Ki 14:22; Ps 37:1; 73:3; 106:16; Pr 3:31; 23:17; 24:1, 19; Isa 11:13; Eze 31:9; Joel 2:18; Zec 1:14; 8:2+); (hif) make jealous, make envious (Dt 32:16, 21a; Ps 78:58; Eze 8:3+); 2. LN 25.33–25.58 (piel) be zealous, i.e., have a strong desire and deep devotion for an object (Nu 25:11, 13; 2Sa 21:2; 1Ki 19:10,14; Eze 39:25+)

7862 קַנָּא (qǎn·nā(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 7067; TWOT 2038b—1. LN 88.160–88.166 jealous, i.e., pertaining to having a feeling of ill will ranging even to anger, based on a perceived advantage, or a desire for exclusivity in relationship (Ex 20:5; 34:14b; Dt 4:24; 5:9; 6:15+); 2. LN 12.1–12.42 Jealous, i.e., a title of God (Ex 34:14a+)

7863 קִנְאָה (qin·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7068; TWOT 2038a—1. LN 88.160–88.166 jealousy, envy, i.e., a state of ill will ranging even to anger, based on a perceived advantage, or a desire for exclusivity in relationship (Nu 5:14,15, 18, 25, 29, 30; Job 5:2; Ps 79:5; Pr 6:34; 14:30; 27:4; Ecc 4:4; 9:6; SS 8:6; Isa 11:13; Eze 8:3, 5; 16:38, 42; 23:25; 35:11; 36:6; Zep 1:18; 3:8; Zec 1:14; 8:2+); 2. LN 25.33–25.58 zeal, ardor, passion, i.e., a strong desire and deep devotion for an object (Nu 25:11; Dt 29:19[EB 20]; 2Ki 10:16; 19:31; Ps 69:10[EB 9]; 119:139; Isa 9:6[EB 7]; 26:11; 37:32; 42:13; 59:17; 63:15; Eze 5:13; 36:5; 38:19+)

I. קנה (qnh): see 7864

II. קנה (qnh): see 7865

7864 I. קָנָה (qā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7069; TWOT 2039—LN 57.186–57.188 (qal) buy, get, purchase, i.e., acquire possessions with the exchange of money or bartered goods (Ge 25:10; 47:19), note: for another interp in Ge 4:1, see 7865; note: for qal act. ptcp. as n.masc., see 7867.5; (nif) be bought (Jer 32:15; 32:43+); (hif) acquire (Zec 13:5+), note: for NIV text, see 7871

7865 II. קָנָה (qā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7069; TWOT 2039—1. LN 42.29–42.40 (qal) create, bring forth, i.e., create an object of a similar kind, as a figurative extension of giving birth to a baby (Pr 8:22+), note: some translate as 7864; 2. LN 12.1–12.42 One Bringing Forth, Creator, i.e., a title of God (Ge 14:19, 22; Dt 32:6+), note: in these contexts the creation of objects of a different class or kind; 3. LN 23.46–23.60 (qal) give birth, formally, create, i.e., produce and give birth to a baby, as a normal birthing process (Ge 4:1; Ps 139:13+), note: for another interp in Ge 4:1, see 7864

7866 קָנֶה (qā·ně(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7070; TWOT 2040a—1. LN 6.106–6.117 branch, i.e., that which is an extension from the base of a stand as a piece of furniture (Ex 25:32); 2. LN 3.47–3.59 stalk, shaft, i.e., the stem of a cereal grain plant, as the non-fruit part of a plant (Ge 41:5, 22); 3. LN 3.13–3.32 reed plant, i.e., a hollow-tubed water-plant found in marshes and riverbanks, which might have the appearance of a thick stick, but have little tensile strength (1Ki 14:15; Isa 35:7; 42:3), note: some sources identify specifically as the giant reed Arundo donax; 4. LN 3.13–3.32 calamus, i.e., an aromatic reed-plant (SS 4:14; Isa 43:24; Jer 6:20; Eze 27:19+), note: some sources identify as a variety of oil-grass; 5. LN 6.213–6.214 rod, i.e., a reed or stick of standard length which is used for linear measure (Eze 40:3); 6. LN 81.25–81.29 length of measure, a rod, i.e., the length of a measuring rod, identified as six long-cubits in length (Eze 40:5), note: some sources give the specific length as 3 meters or 10 feet 4 inches; 7. LN 8.9–8.69 shoulder joint, i.e., the joint which connects the upper arm to the upper trunk of the human body (Job 31:22+), note: some give the meaning as the bone of the upper arm and not the joint; 8. LN 6.214 balance scales, formally, balance shaft, i.e., a measuring device of weight, usually consisting of two balance pans with a standardized weight in one pan and the object to be weighed in the other (Isa 46:6+); 9. LN 3.13–3.32 unit: קָנֶה בֹּשֶׂם (qā·ně(h) bō·śěm) sweet cane, i.e., a plant of some kind for spice (Ex 30:23)

7867 III. קָנָה (qā·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7071;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kanah: 1. border ravine or wadi between Ephraim and Manasseh (Jos 16:8; 17:9+) 2. N site of Asher, E of Tyre, (Jos 19:28+)

קֹנֶה (qō·ně(h)): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 7864]; ≡ Str 7071;—LN 57.186–57.188 buyer, i.e., one who acquires possessions with the exchange of money or bartered goods (Lev 25:28, 30, 50; Dt 28:68; Pr 20:14; Isa 1:3; 24:2; Eze 7:12; Zec 11:5+)

7868 קַנּוֹא (qǎn·nô(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 7072; TWOT 2038c—LN 88.160–88.166 jealous, i.e., pertaining to a state of ill will ranging event to anger, based on a perceived advantage, or a desire for exclusivity in relationship (Jos 24:19; Na 1:2+)

7869 קְנַז (qenǎz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7073;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kenaz: 1. grandson of Esau (Ge 36:11, 15, 42; 1Ch 1:36, 53+) 2. father of Othniel and nephew of Caleb (Jos 15:17; Jdg 1:13; 3:9, 11; 1Ch 4:13+) 3. grandson of Caleb (1Ch 4:15+)

7870 קְנִזִּי (qeniz·zî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7074;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Kenizzite: pertaining to tribe or group in the land as early as Abraham (Ge 15:19; Nu 32:12; Jos 14:6, 14+), note: which Kenaz is not known

קֵנִי (qē·nî) BDB: see 7808

קִנְיָן (qin·yān)[1] Lisowsky: see 7871

קִנְיָן (qin·yān)[2] Lisowsky: see 7871

7871 קִנְיָן (qin·yān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7075; TWOT 2039a—LN 57.1–57.21 goods, property, possessions, i.e., objects possessed by an owner, animate or inanimate (Ge 31:18; 34:23; 36:6; Lev 22:11; Jos 14:4; Ps 104:24; 105:21; Pr 4:7; Eze 38:12, 13+), note: possibly Ps 104:24 is domain LN 4.1–4.37, with a special focus of being a possession of the Creator; note: for MT text at Zec 13:5, see 7864

7872 קִנָּמוֹן (qin·nā·môn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7076; TWOT 2041—LN 5.23–5.28 cinnamon spice, i.e., the dried, powdered inner bark of the cinnamon tree of the genus Cinnamomum (Ex 30:23; Pr 7:17; SS 4:14+), see also domain LN 6.205–6.212

קנן (qnn): see 7873

7873 קָנַן (qā·nǎn): v.; ≡ Str 7077; TWOT 2042—1. LN 6.147 (piel) make a nest, i.e., build a construction made of various bits of material such as hair, mud, twigs, etc., for birds to brood and raise young (Ps 104:17; Isa 34:15; 48:28; Eze 31:6+); 2. LN 85.67–85.85 (pual ptcp.) be nestled, dwell, reside, i.e., be in a certain place to live as a figurative extension of living in a nest, implying comfort and peace in this condition (Jer 22:23 Q+), see also domain LN 45

7874 קֶנֶץ (qě·něṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7078; TWOT 2043a—LN 67.65–67.72 end, finish, i.e., the act. or state of ceasing actions or words, and so be at the end point of a duration, possibly as the figurative extension of a snare or net as a device that captures or restrains (Job 18:2+), note: see also 7891; note: see WBC17:404 for other options and explanations

קֵנֶץ (qē·něṣ) BDB: see 7874

7875 קְנָת (qenāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7079;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kenath: town in Bashan, E of the Jordan River, (Nu 32:42; 1Ch 2:23+), see also 5562

קסם (qsm): see 7876

7876 קָסַם (qā·sǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7080; TWOT 2044—LN 33.281–33.285 (qal) practice divination, be a soothsayer, seek an omen, i.e., to state or determine the future (or hidden knowledge) through signs, omens, and supernatural powers (Dt 18:10; 1Sa 28:8; 2Ki 17:17; Eze 13:9, 23; 21:26[EB 21],28[EB 23],34[EB 29]; 22:28; Mic 3:6, 11+), note: there may be overlap in verses and entries with 7877.5; note: see also domain LN 53.96–53.101

7877 קֶסֶם (qě·sěm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7081; TWOT 2044a—1. LN 33.281–33.285 divination, i.e., the pagan state or process of stating or determining the future (or hidden knowledge) through signs, omens, and supernatural powers (Nu 22:7; 23:23; Dt 18:10; 1Sa 15:23; 2Ki 17:17; Pr 16:10; Jer 14:14; Eze 13:6, 23; 21:26[EB 21]+), note: four broad classes of divination is 1. the position of stars 2. speaking with dead spirits 3. examining animal parts or potsherds 4. cast lots for a yes or no answer, see also domain LN 53.96–53.101; 2. LN 30.75–30.85 decision, conclusion, i.e., the result of a process and so make up one’s mind about a subject (Pr 16:10+), note: this decision is likely made by casting lots or other oracle-type processes; 3. LN 6.219 lot, i.e., a specially marked small stick, pebble, or shard thrown down for making decisions based on pagan views of chance, or believers using the lot perceived as quasi-chance, but believed to be guided by God (Eze 21:27[EB 22]+)

קֹסֵם (qō·sēm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7081; TWOT 2044a—LN 33.281–33.285 diviner, sooth-sayer, fortune teller, i.e., one who tells the future through various signs, omens, and supernatural powers (Dt 18:14; Jos 13:22; 1Sa 6:2; Isa 3:2; 44:25; Jer 27:9; 29:8; Mic 3:7; Zec 10:2+), note: there may be overlap in verses and entries with 7876; note: see also domain LN 53.96–53.101

7878 קָסַס (qā·sǎs): v.; ≡ Str 7082; TWOT 2045—1. LN 19.27–19.33 (polel) strip off, tear off, i.e., to remove something off a main object, implying a violent action (Eze 17:9+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 23.142–23.184 (polel) make scaly, i.e., cause a diseased condition on the skin of a fruit, so causing it to not ripen normally (Eze 17:9+), see also 7989; see also domain LN 43; note: the context is best served by “strip off” meaning

7879 קֶסֶת (qě·sěṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7083; TWOT 2080b—LN 6.54–6.67 writing-case, scribe’s palette, i.e., a portable narrow rectangular wooden board with a long groove to hold the reed pens, and shallow inkwells for ink of red and black (Eze 9:2, 3, 11+), note: BDB translates “ink-horn, pot for ink”

קעה (qʿh): see 7880

7880 קָעָה (qā·ʿā(h)): v.—LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) cry out, i.e., make wailing, crying sounds (Isa 15:3 cj+), note: see BHS ftn for other text alternatives

7881 קְעִילָה (qeʿî·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7084;—LN 93-place (loc.) Keilah: town in the western foothills of Judah (Jos 15:44; 1Sa 23:1–13 passim; Ne 3:17, 18+), see also 7881.5

קְעִילָה (qeʿî·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7084;—LN 93-pers. (male) Keilah: of Judah through Caleb (1Ch 4:19+), see also 7881

7882 קַעֲקַע (qǎ·ʿǎqǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7085; TWOT 2046a—1. LN 19.14–19.26 cut, incision, i.e., a gross cutting of the skin (Lev 19:28+); 2. LN 33.476–33.489 unit: כְּתֹבֶת קַעֲקַע (keṯō·ḇěṯ qǎ·ʿǎqǎʿ) tatoo, formally, a marking of skin by incision, as a non-verbal sign of mourning (Lev 19:28+), note: some give the meaning as a “painting of the body,” also a non-verbal communication of mourning

7883 קְעָרָה (qeʿā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7086; TWOT 2047a—LN 6.118–6.151 plate, dish, platter, i.e., a relatively shallow container for holding food or possibly other masses (Ex 25:29; 37:16; Nu 4:7; 7:13, 19, 25, 31, 37, 43, 49, 55, 61, 67, 73, 79, 84, 85+)

קֹף (qōp̄) BDB: see 7761 (1Ki 10:22+)

קפא (qpʾ): see 7884

7884 קָפָא (qā·p̄ā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 7087; TWOT 2048, 2048a—1. LN 79.7–79.8 (qal pf.) congeal, thicken, i.e., to be or become in a stiffened state, and so go from a liquid to solid or semi-solid state without freezing (Ex 15:8+); (hif impf.) curdle (Job 10:10+); 2. LN 25.80–25.84 (qal ptcp.) complacent, content, formally, thickening one, i.e., pertaining to a person who has a fulfilled and satisfying existence as a figurative extension of a thickened substance that does not easily move (Zep 1:12+); 3. LN 14.53–14.62 (nif) dwindle, formally, be congealed, i.e., pertaining to a state of less and less light (Zec 14:6 K+), note: for Q, see 7885

7885 קִפָּאוֹן (qip·pā·ʾôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7087; TWOT 2048—LN 2.7–2.13 (most versions) frost, formally, congelation, i.e., fine, frozen particles of water (Zec 14:6 Q+), note: apparently (ASV, KJV, NKJV) use K (nif) “to dwindle,” see also 3698

קפד (qpd): see 7886

7886 קָפַד (qā·p̄ǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 7088; TWOT 2049—1. LN 79.120–79.122 (piel) roll up, wrap up, i.e., revolve something into a ball or wind around the palm of the hand (Isa 38:12+), see domain LN 79.118–79.119; 2. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: קָפַד (qā·p̄ǎḏ) … חַי (ḥǎy) 1 soon be dead, formally, roll up a life, i.e., the point at which death is immanent, as a figurative extension of rolling a thread up and get ready to cut it off the loom (of life) (Isa 38:12+)

7887 קִפֹּד (qip·pōḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7090; TWOT 2049a—1. LN 4.38–4.46 owl, i.e., a nocturnal bird of prey with a large head and eyes, of the order Strigiformes (Isa 14:23; 34:11; Zep 2:14+), note: NIV, “screech owl;” NAB, “hoot owl;” note: other sources give reference to a water-bird, a kind of heron bird; KJV, Tanakh, “bittern;” NEB, REB, “bustard” (a game bird); note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 4.1–4.37 (NASB, RSV, NRSV, NJB) hedgehog, i.e., a spiny nocturnal, insect-eating, mammal of the subfamily Erinaceinae (Isa 14:23; 34:11; Zep 2:14+), note: BDB, NKJV, ASV, “porcupine” as a similar bristled rodent of the family Hystricidae; note: some versions translate as two different animals in Isaiah and Zephaniah; note: the editor thinks context is best served by “water-bird” in Isa 14:23, and “owl” in Isa 34:11; Zep 2:14

7888 קְפָדָה (qep̄ā·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7089; TWOT 2049b—LN 25.251–25.269 anguish, terror, formally, shuddering, i.e., a state or condition of fear and alarm over dangerous situation (Eze 7:25+)

7889 קִפּוֹז (qip·pôz): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7091; TWOT 2050a—1. LN 4.38–4.46 (most versions) owl, i.e., a nocturnal bird of prey with a large head and eyes, of the order Strigiformes (Isa 34:15+); (NEB, REB) sand-partridge; note: Holladay suggests Syrnium aluco or Scops giu, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 4.51–4.57 (NASB, NKJV, ASV, NJB, Tanakh) snake, i.e., a limbless reptile which inhabits trees (Isa 34:15+) note: (BDB, NKJV, Tanakh) arrow-snake; (ASV) dart-snake; (Holladay) suggests several non-poisonous species from the family Colubridae, note: context is best served by a kind of bird, “owl.”

קפץ (qpṣ): see 7890

7890 קָפַץ (qā·p̄ǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 7092; TWOT 2051—1. LN 79.110–79.113 (qal) shut, i.e., close an object so as to not allow the passage of items or a mass (Job 5:16; Ps 107:42; Isa 52:15+); 2. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) withhold, restrain, i.e., cause an event to not happen (Ps 77:10[EB 9]+); 3. LN 15.123–15.134 (nif) be gathered up, i.e., be caused to gather to one place by linear movement (Job 24:24+), note: this may refer to being in a state of death; 4. LN 15.238–15.243 (piel) bound, leap, i.e., make energetic linear movement which is like a deer when running (SS 2:8+); 5. LN 57.71–57.124 unit: (qal) קָפַץ אֵת יָד (qā·p̄ǎṣ ʾēṯ yāḏ) stingy, tightfisted, formally, have a shut hand, i.e., to not be generous with one’s possessions and so not give to others in various forms (Dt 15:7+)

7891 קֵץ (qēṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7093; TWOT 2060a—1. LN 67.65–67.72 end, finish, i.e., a point in time marking the completion of a duration (Ex 12:41); 2. LN 80.5–80.7 end, limit, edge, boundary, i.e., the distant end of a space or defined area, viewed by the subject (2Ki 19:23; Isa 37:24; Jer 50:26); 3. LN 13.1–13.47 end, i.e., the cessation of a state (Ge 6:13); 4. LN 78.1–78.27 limit, i.e., that which is a constraint on the scale of degree (Job 6:11; Ps 119:96; Eze 21:30, 34; 35:5); 5. LN 67.17–67.64 unit: מִן קֵץ (min qēṣ) after, i.e., a point in time closely associated with another time (Ge 8:6)

קצב (qṣb): see 7892

7892 קָצַב (qā·ṣǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7094; TWOT 2052—LN 19.14–19.26 (qal impf.) cut off, i.e., sever something off a main body (2Ki 6:6+); (qal pass. ptcp.) be shorn, i.e., pertaining to be cut off, with a special focus on what is left is shorter (SS 4:2+)

7893 קֶצֶב (qě·ṣěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7095; TWOT 2052a—1. LN 58.14–58.18 shape, i.e., the visible makeup characteristic of a particular kind or item having a particular spatial contour or form (1Ki 6:25; 7:37+); 2. LN 1.51–1.59 foundation, base, root, i.e., an area below the surface of land, as a lower extremity of a land formation (Jnh 2:7[EB 6]+)

קצה (qṣh) Holladay, Lisowsky: see 7894

קצה (qṣh)[1] KB: see 7894

7894 I. קָצָה (qā·ṣā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7096; TWOT 2053—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) ruin, formally, scrape, i.e., destroy an object as a figurative extension of scraping an object (Hab 2:10+), note: some change text to 7896; 2. LN 20.12–20.30 (piel) maim, ruin, i.e., harm or injure an object severely so as to not be useful for its intended purpose (Pr 26:6+), note: NIV translates “cut off”; 3. LN 59.62–59.71 (piel) reduce, decrease, i.e., make a quantity or mass smaller (2Ki 10:32+); 4. LN 19.43–19.54 (hif) scrape off, i.e., make a pressing motion with a sharp instrument to take off a relatively thin layer from an object (Lev 14:41, 43+)

7895 קָצֶה (qā·ṣě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7097; TWOT 2053a, 2053c—1. LN 80.5–80.7 end, limit, edge, outskirts, extremity, tip, i.e., the distant end of a space or defined area, viewed by the subject (Ex 16:35); 2. LN 67.65–67.72 end, finish, i.e., a point in time marking the completion of a duration (Ge 8:3; Dt 14:28; 2Sa 24:8; 1Ki 9:10; 2Ki 8:3; 18:10; Eze 3:16; 39:14); 3. LN 1.46–1.50 foot, base, foundation, i.e., the lowest point of an elevated place, see at surface level (Ex 19:12; Jos 18:16); 4. LN 63.13–63.20 unit: מִן קָצֶה (min qā·ṣě(h)) part, i.e., a portion as a division of a larger group or area (Ge 19:4; 47:2; Nu 22:41); 5. LN 63.1–63.4 unit: מִן קָצֶה (min qā·ṣě(h)) entire, formally, from every end, i.e., the whole of something as a unity (Jer 51:31)

7896 II. קָצָה (qā·ṣā(h)): n.masc. and fem.; ≡ Str 7098; TWOT 2053b—1. LN 80.5–80.7 end, limit, edge, outskirts, extremity, outer fringe, border, i.e., the distant end of a space or defined area, viewed by the subject (Ex 25:18); 2. LN 79.106 corner, formally, end, i.e., the two-dimensional confluence point of two perpendicular lines or sides, as an outer limit of a surface (Ex 27:4; Jer 49:36); 3. LN 20.31–20.60 ruin, formally, end, i.e., the destruction of an object as the figurative extension of the end of a duration of time (Hab 2:10+), see also domain LN 67.65–67.72; 4. LN 63.1–63.4 unit: מִן קָצָה (min qā·ṣā(h))2 entire, all, formally, from every end, i.e., the whole of something as a unity (Jdg 18:2+); 5. LN 58.21–58.30 unit: מִן קָצָה (min qā·ṣā(h))2 every sort, all kinds, formally, entirety, i.e., several types, classes, or kinds of entities (1Ki 12:31; 13:33; 17:32+), see also domain LN 63.1–63.4

7897 קֵצֶה (qē·ṣě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7097; TWOT 2053a—1. LN 59.1–59.10 end, finiteness, i.e., a limit to a quantity or measure (Isa 2:7; Na 2:10[EB 9]; 3:3, 9+), see also domain LN 60.1–60.9; 2. LN 59.1–59.10 unit: אַיִן קֵצֶה (ʾǎ·yin qē·ṣě(h)) without end, endless, limitless, inordinate number, i.e., (Isa 2:7; Na 2:10[EB 9]; 3:3, 9+), see also domain LN 60.1–60.9

7898 קָצוּ (qā·ṣû): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7099; TWOT 2053d—LN 80.5–80.7 end, limit, edge, outskirts, extremity, tip, i.e., the distant end of a space or defined area, viewed by the subject (Ps 48:11[EB 10]; 65:6[EB 5]; Isa 26:15+)

7899 קָצוּץ (qā·ṣûṣ): adj. [oth qal pass.ptcp.masc. of 7915 or 7916]; ≡ Str 7112; TWOT 2060—LN 85.1–85.31 distant, far off, i.e., pertaining to being in a place which is remote in the perspective of the speaker (Jer 9:25[EB 26]; 25:23; 49:32+)

7900 קָצוּר (qā·ṣûr): adj. [BDB: qal pass.ptcp. of 7918]; ≡ Str 7114; TWOT 2061, 2062—LN 81.15–81.19 shortened, narrowed, i.e., pertaining to being restricted in space relative to a comparatively wide or broad area (Eze 42:5+)

7901 קְצוֹת (qeṣôṯ): n.fem.pl.—see 7896, 7921 (Jdg 18:2; 1Ki 6:24; 12:31; 13:33; 2Ki 17:32; Ps 19:7[EB 6]+)

קְצוֹת (qeṣôṯ): see 7921

קְצָוֹת (qeṣā·wōṯ) BDB: see 7921

7902 קֶצַח (qě·ṣǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7100; TWOT 2055a—LN 5.23–5.28 dill-type seed, condiment spice, i.e., the seeds of a plant usually identified with the carrot family (Isa 28:25, 27+), note: (KB, Holladay, BDB, Lisowsky, NAB, Tanakh) black cumin, gith, i.e., Nigella sativa lagaecia a low plant of the carrot family with small black pungent, the seeds from the flowering tops used for condiment or spice; (KJV, ASV) fitches, i.e., a plant of the Vicia family; (NASB, RSV, NRSV, NEB, REB) dill; (NIV) caraway; (NJB) fennel

7903 קָצִין (qā·ṣîn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7101; TWOT 2054a—1. LN 37.48–37.95 leader, ruler, i.e., one who rules or governs (Pr 6:7; 25:15; Isa 1:10; 3:6, 7; 22:3; Mic 3:1, 9+), note: the amount of authority will vary according to context; also, a part of a compound name, Eth Kazin, see 6962; 2. LN 55.14–55.22 commander, i.e., a military officer over other soldiers (Jos 10:24; Jdg 11:6, 11; Da 11:18+)

7904 I. קְצִיעָה (qeṣî·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7102; TWOT 2056a—LN 6.205–6.212 cassia, cinnamon flowers, i.e., a powered, cinnamon-like bark of the tree or shrub of the genus Cassia (Ps 45:9[EB 8]+), note: in context used as a powdered spice perfume; note: some sources question this identification

7905 II. קְצִיעָה (qeṣî·ʿā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7103;—LN 93-pers. (female) Keziah: daughter of Job (Job 42:14+)

7906 קְצִיץ (qeṣîṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7104;—LN 93-place (loc.) Keziz: part of a compound name, Emek Keziz, see 6681

7907 I. קָצִיר (qā·ṣîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7105; TWOT 2062a, 2062b—1. LN 43 harvest, reaping, i.e., the act. of gathering crops from the field (Ge 45:6); 2. LN 43 harvest, crop, i.e., the object of the reaping (Lev 19:9); 3. LN 67.163–67.200 harvest season, i.e., the time of reaping and gathering crops from the field as a definite unit of time (Ge 8:22; Pr 20:4), see also domain LN 43; 4. LN 43 reaper, i.e., one who is a worker in the harvest (Isa 17:5+), note: some sources repoint text to qal act. ptcp. of 7917, 7920.6; 5. LN 51 unit: חַג הַ־ קָצִיר (ḥǎḡ hǎ- qā·ṣîr)1 Feast of Harvest, a festival of the early crops of grain prior to an end of the season harvest festival (Ex 23:16+)

7908 II. קָצִיר (qā·ṣîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7105; TWOT 2062a—LN 3.47–3.59 branch, bough, twig, shoot, i.e., that which is the plant stem from the trunk or base of a plant or tree (Job 14:9; 18:16; 29:19; Ps 80:12[EB 11]; Isa 27:11+), note: context will determine the size and flexibility of the sticks

I. קצע (qṣʿ): see 7909

II. קצע (qṣʿ): see 7910

7909 I. קָצַע (qā·ṣǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7106; TWOT 2056, 2057—LN 19.43–19.54 (hif) scrape off, i.e., make pressing strokes on a flat surface, often with an edged instrument (Lev 14:41+)

7910 II. קָצַע (qā·ṣǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 4742, 7106; TWOT 2057a—LN 79.104–79.109 (pual ptcp.) (Ex 26:23; 36:28+) cornered, i.e., pertaining to being made with corners as a part of the structure; (hof ptcp.) (Eze 46:22+), note: see also 4553

קצף (qṣp): see 7911

קצף (qṣp)[1] Lisowsky: see 7911

7911 קָצַף (qā·ṣǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 7107; TWOT 2058—LN 88.171–88.191 (qal) be angry, have wrath, be furious, i.e., be in a state of strong displeasure, with a focus that an action of anger often follows (Ge 40:2; 41:10; Ex 16:20; Lev 10:6, 16; Nu 16:22; 31:14; Dt 1:34; 9:19; Jos 22:18; 1Sa 29:4; 2Ki 5:11; 13:19; Est 1:12; 2:21; Ecc 5:5[EB 6]; Isa 47:6; 54:9; 57:16, 17; 64:4[EB 5],8[EB 9]; Jer 37:15; La 5:22; Zec 1:2, 15+); (hif) provoke to anger (Dt 9:7, 8, 22; Ps 106:32; Zec 8:14+); (hitp) be enraged (Isa 8:21+)

7912 I. קֶצֶף (qě·ṣěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7110; TWOT 2058a, 2059b—1. LN 88.171–88.191 wrath, anger, fury, i.e., have a feeling of strong displeasure and antagonism to an object, often with a focus of an action following those feelings (Nu 1:53; 17:11[EB 16:46]; 18:5; Dt 29:27[EB 28]; Jos 9:20; 22:20; 2Ki 3:27; 1Ch 27:24; 2Ch 19:2, 10; 24:18; 29:8; 32:25, 26; Ps 38:2[EB 1]; 102:11[EB 10]; Ecc 5:16[EB 17]; Isa 34:2; 54:8; 60:10; Jer 10:10; 21:5; 32:37; 50:13; Zec 1:2, 15; 7:12+); 2. LN 39.22–39.32 discord, dissension, i.e., a state of struggle and strife suggesting a change in social status not mutually agreed, with some implication of anger occurring in the exchange (Est 1:18+)

7913 II. קֶצֶף (qě·ṣěp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7110; TWOT 2058a—LN 3.47–3.59 (KB, Holladay, NIV, NASB, NKJV) snapped twig, stick, i.e., a relatively small shoot or branch of a tree (Hos 10:7+), note: BDB, “splinter;” RSV, NRSV, “chip of wood;” NJB, “straw;” KJV, ASV, NAB, Tanakh, “foam;” NEB, REB, “flotsam,” (i.e., floating debris); note: context is best served by a translation of some kind of wood, so “broken-off twig.”

7914 קְצָפָה (qeṣā·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7111; TWOT 2059a—LN 3.47–3.59 splintered stump, i.e., the base of a tree or shrub with the roots still in the ground and a snapped off top, or possibly cut with an ax (Joel 1:7+)

קצץ (qṣṣ) Holladay, Lisowsky: see 7915, 7916

I. קצץ (qṣṣ): see 7915

II. קצץ (qṣṣ): see 7916

7915 I. קָצַץ (qā·ṣǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 7112; TWOT 2060—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) cut off, i.e., sever an object from its source (Dt 25:12+), note: Jer 9:25[EB 26]; 25:23; 49:32, see 7899; (piel) cut off (Ex 39:3; Jdg 1:6; 2Sa 4:12+); (pual) be cut off, maimed (Jdg 1:7+); 2. LN 15.165–15.186 (piel) take away, remove, i.e., initiate the movement of an object to another place, which may involve severing an object from its source (2Ki 16:17; 18:16; 24:13; 2Ch 28:24+); 3. LN 37.127–37.138 (piel) set free, formally, cut free, i.e., sever bonds of a captive and so release (Ps 129:4+); 4. LN 19.34–19.42 (piel) shatter, break apart, i.e., break apart an object with force (Ps 46:10[EB 9]+)

7916 II. קָצַץ (qā·ṣǎṣ): v.—see 2936, 7810 (Ps 55:24[EB 23]; 139:18+)

I. קצר (qṣr): see 7917

II. קצר (qṣr): see 7918

7917 I. קָצַר (qā·ṣǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7114; TWOT 2061—LN 43 (qal) reap, harvest, i.e., gather produce from the fields, orchards, or vineyards (Lev 19:9; 23:10, 22; 25:5, 11; Dt 24:19; Ru 2:9; 1Sa 6:13; 8:12; 2Ki 19:29; Job 4:8; 24:6 Q; Ps 126:5; Pr 22:8 Q; Ecc 11:4; Isa 17:5; 37:30; Jer 12:13; Hos 8:7; 10:12, 13; Mic 6:15+), note: for qal ptcp. as n.masc., see 7920.6; note: in some contexts this can refer to a conclusion or ending of a matter other than agricultural products

7918 II. קָצַר (qā·ṣǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7114; TWOT 2061—1. LN 81.12–81.14 (qal) be short, i.e., be in a state of not having sufficient or normal length (Nu 11:23; Isa 28:20; 50:2; 59:1+), note: this can refer to having a lack of ability to do a task in some contexts; 2. LN 67.78–67.141 (qal) cut short, i.e., have a briefer duration of time go by than is normal, with a focus that an intervention has occurred (Pr 10:27+); (piel) cut short (Ps 102:24[EB 23]+); (hif) shorten, cut short (Ps 89:46[EB 45]+); 3. LN 25.167–25.178 (qal) be impatient, grow tired, no longer bear, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of a lack of forbearance in reference to an object or event, implying a hasty or angry action may follow (Nu 21:4; Jdg 10:16; 16:16; Job 21:4; Mic 2:7; Zec 11:8+)

7919 קֹצֶר (qō·ṣěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7115; TWOT 2061b—1. LN 57.37–57.48 lack, i.e., what is needed and essential but absent (Ex 6:9+), note: possibly “shortness” as a feature of an object, see also domain LN 79.123–79.128; 2. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: קֹצֶר רוּחַ (qō·ṣěr rûaḥ) discouragement, despondency, formally, lack of spirit, i.e., the state or condition of lacking hope and so feeling metal fatigue to be motivated (Ex 6:9+); 3. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: קֹצֶר רוּחַ (qō·ṣěr rûaḥ) quick-temperedness, formally, short of spirit, i.e., the condition or state of being easily provoked by a circumstance or exchange (Ex 6:9+), note: contextually, “discouragement” is the best rendering

7920 קָצֵר (qā·ṣēr): adj.; ≡ Str 7116; TWOT 2061a—1. LN 79.123–79.128 short, i.e., pertaining to being diminutive in stature or possibly brief in time (2Ki 19:26; Job 14:1; Pr 14:17, 29; Isa 37:27+); 2. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: קָצֵר אַף (qā·ṣēr ʾǎp̄)2 quick-tempered, hot-tempered, i.e., pertaining to being angry with relatively little provocation (Pr 14:17+); 3. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: קָצֵר רוּחַ (qā·ṣēr rûaḥ) quick-tempered, hot-tempered, i.e., pertaining to being angry with relatively little provocation (Pr 14:29+); 4. LN 74 unit: קָצֵר יָד (qā·ṣēr yāḏ) weak, i.e., pertaining to being in a state of incapacity (2Ki 19:26; Isa 37:27+); 5. LN 67.78–67.141 unit: קָצֵר יוֹם (qā·ṣēr yôm)1 short timed, i.e., pertaining to a relatively brief period of time (Job 14:1+), note: in context this is a lifetime-of-years length

קָצֻר (qā·ṣǔr) Lisowsky: see 7920

קֹצֵר (qō·ṣēr): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 7917]; ≡ Str 7116; TWOT 2061a—LN 43 harvest worker, harvester, i.e., a laborer who works in the fields, bringing in the crops (Ru 2:3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14; 2Ki 4:18; Ps 129:7; Jer 9:21[EB 22]; Am 9:13+), note: for a focus on the labor, see also domain LN 42.41–42.50

7921 קְצָת (qeṣāṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7117; TWOT 2053e—1. LN 80.5–80.7 end, limit, edge, outskirts, extremity, tip, i.e., the distant end of a space or defined area, viewed by the subject (Ex 37:8 K; Ps 65:9[EB 8]+), see also 7901; 2. LN 79.106 corner, formally, end, i.e., the two-dimensional confluence point of two perpendicular lines or sides, as an outer limit of a surface (Ex 38:5; 39:4 K+), note: for Q in some passages, see 7896; 3. LN 67.65–67.72 end, finish, i.e., a point in time marking the completion of a duration (Da 1:5, 15, 18+); 4. LN 63.13–63.20 unit: מִן קְצָת (min qeṣāṯ) part, i.e., a portion as a division of a larger group or area (Ne 7:69[NIV 70]; Da 1:2+)

7922 קַר (qǎr): adj.; ≡ Str 7119; TWOT 2077a—1. LN 79.70–79.77 cool, cold, i.e., pertaining to a temperature that is not warm to the taste, and so fresh and refreshing (Pr 25:25; Jer 18:14+); 2. LN 88.93–88.99 unit: קַר רוּחַ (qǎr rûaḥ) even-tempered, cool-headed, formally, cool of spirit, i.e., pertaining to sensible, restrained behavior even under difficult circumstance (Pr 17:27+ K+), note: for Q see 3701

קִר (qir) BDB, Lisowsky: see 7815

7923 קֹר (qōr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7120; TWOT 2077b—LN 79.70–79.77 the cold, i.e., a state of the weather, often indicative of winter, as antithetical to warm and hot temperatures (Ge 8:22+)

I. קרא (qrʾ): see 7924

II. קרא (qrʾ): see 7925

7924 I. קָרָא (qā·rā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 7121; TWOT 2063—1. LN 33.307–33.314 (qal) call, summon, i.e., call person(sing.) to come into one’s presence or give a task (Ex 12:31); (nif) summoned, called (Est 2:14); (pual) summoned, called (Isa 48:12; 65:1+), note: NIV changes text in Isa 65:1 as qal; 2. LN 33.126–33.133 (qal) call, i.e., designate by a name or title and so give something a name, either a proper name or a representative title (Ge 1:5); (nif) called, designated, known as, reckoned by (Dt 3:13; 1Sa 9:9; Pr 16:21); (pual) be called (Isa 48:8; 58:12; 61:3; 62:2; Eze 10:13+); 3. LN 33.189–33.217 (qal) proclaim, announce, i.e., make a public calling out of information or an event (1Ki 21:9); 4. LN 33.315–33.318 (qal) invite, i.e., give an offer to hospitality (Ex 2:20); (qal pass.) be invited as a guest, receive an offer of hospitality (1Sa 9:13, 22; 2Sa 15:11; 1Ki 1:41, 49; Est 5:12; Pr 9:18; Zep 1:7+); 5. LN 33.35–33.68 (qal) read aloud, i.e., to speak aloud something, reciting what has been written down (Ex 24:7); (nif) be read aloud (Ne 13:1; Est 6:1+); 6. LN 30.86–30.107 (qal pass.) be appointed, i.e., be chosen for a task, implying authority or high status (Nu 1:16; Eze 23:23+); 7. LN 29.16–29.18 (nif) mentioned, i.e., pertaining to what is remembered and spoken (Isa 14:20); 8. LN 53.53–53.64 unit: (qal) קָרָא בְּ־ שֵׁם (qā·rā(ʾ) b- šēm)1 worship, invoke, formally, call on the name, i.e., give reverence to a deity with prayer and offerings, with the expectation of a response from the deity (Ge 4:26), note: the exact significance of the phrase is much disputed; 9. LN 30.86–30.107 unit: (qal) קָרָא בְּ־ שֵׁם (qā·rā(ʾ) b- šēm)1 chosen, formally, call on the name, i.e., select or prefer one for a duty or task (Ge 4:26); 10. LN 33.470–33.475 unit: (nif) קָרָא בְּ־ פֶּה (qā·rā(ʾ) b- pě(h)) invoke, i.e., call out to a deity for either a divine blessing or to call for harm to another (Jer 44:26+)

7925 II. קָרָא (qā·rā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 7122, 7125; TWOT 2064—1. LN 15.75–15.80 (qal) meet, encounter, i.e., make linear movement to an area in which one then encounters in front of an object (Ge 33:4); (nif) have met (Ex 5:3; Dt 22:6+); 2. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) happen, break out, fall upon, i.e., have an encounter or an occurrence of an event (Ge 42:4); (nif) happened (2Sa 1:6; 18:9; 20:1; Jer 4:20+); (hif) cause to happen (Jer 32:23+), note: in some contexts the focus is that of an encounter which is seemingly random and not having a specific purpose; 3. LN 83.42–83.45 (qal) be opposite, i.e., be in a spatial position which is across from another object, with a space of any distance between (Ge 15:10); 4. LN 39.1–39.12 (qal) oppose, i.e., be in a state of hostility and opposition (Jdg 20:25)

7926 I. קֹרֵא (qō·rē(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7124; TWOT 2063a—LN 4.38–4.46 (most versions) partridge, i.e., a stout bodied game bird, with variegated plumage of the order Gallinae and genus Alectoris or Perdix (1Sa 26:20; Jer 17:11+), note: Holladay identifies specifically as Alectoris graeca or Ammoperdrix hayi; also part of a compound name En Hakkore, see 6530

7927 II. קֹרֵא (qō·rē(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 6981;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kore: 1. gatekeeper of the temple (1Ch 9:19; 26:1+) 2. Levite in the days of Hezekiah (2Ch 31:14+)

קְרַאת (qerǎ(ʾ)ṯ) BDB: see 7925

קרב (qrb): see 7928

7928 קָרַב (qā·rǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7126; TWOT 2065—1. LN 15.75–15.80 (qal) come near, approach, i.e., make linear motion very near to a reference point (Ex 32:19); (piel) bring near, approach (Job 31:37; Ps 65:5[EB 4]; Isa 46:13; Hos 7:6+), note: in some contexts this refers to an event happening soon; (hif) bring near, approach (Ex 14:10); 2. LN 53.16–53.27 (qal) offer, i.e., present a votive or sacrifice to a deity (Lev 1:2); (hif) present an offering (Nu 26:61); 3. LN 85.1–85.31 (qal) present, i.e., be in a place, often with a focus of being in front of a superior (Nu 36:1); (nif) present oneself (Jos 7:14+); (hif) offer, present (Lev 2:8); 4. LN 56.12–56.19 (qal) present, i.e., make a legal presentation (Isa 41:23); (nif) appear in a legal case (Ex 22:7[EB 8]+); (piel) present (Isa 41:21+); (hif) bring a case (Nu 27:5); 5. LN 67.17–67.64 (piel) be soon, i.e., pertaining to a subsequent event which regarded as almost begun (Eze 36:8+); (hif) cause to be soon (Eze 22:4); 6. LN 18.12–18.23 (piel) join, formally, come near, i.e., have two objects come together and be fastened, as an extension of the meaning of encountering an object or event (Eze 37:17+); (hif) join together (Isa 5:8), note: see also 7929, 7930; note: further study may yield more domains

7929 קָרֵב (qā·rēḇ): adj. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc. of 7928]; ≡ Str 7131; TWOT 2065a—LN 83.23–83.32 near, close, approaching, i.e., pertaining to being in close, or very close proximity to an object (Nu 1:51; 3:10, 38; 17:28[EB 13]; 18:7; Dt 20:3; 1Sa 17:41; 2Sa 18:25; 1Ki 5:7[EB 4:27]; Eze 40:46; 45:4+)

קָרֹב (qā·rōḇ) BDB: see 7940

7930 קְרָב (qerāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7128; TWOT 2063b—1. LN 55.2–55.6 battle, war, fighting, i.e., the engagement of military fighting either in a single attack or a series over a prolonged time (2Sa 17:11; Job 38:23; Ps 55:19[EB 18]; 68:31[EB 30]; 78:9; 144:1; Ecc 9:18; Zec 14:3+); 2. LN 39.22–39.32 strife, conflict, formally, battle, i.e., the state or condition of fighting, struggle, and hostility (Ps 55:22[EB 21]+)

7931 קֶרֶב (qě·rěḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7130; TWOT 2066a—1. LN 26 inner parts, i.e., the psychological faculties of the inner person, including thought and animate life (Ge 18:12; 1Ki 17:21; Jer 4:14); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 inner parts, guts, i.e., the viscera of a disemboweled creature (Ex 12:9); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 corpse, i.e., a dead body of a creature (Ge 41:21); 4. LN 8.9–8.69 womb, uterus, i.e., the part of female body that may contain unborn young (Ge 25:22); 5. LN 83.9–83.17 midst, in, i.e., in the middle of an area or group (Ge 45:6; Dt 11:6); 6. LN 67.17–67.64 middle, i.e., the center point of time between two other points of time (Hab 3:2); 7. LN 83.9–83.17 among, a marker showing the location among other persons or objects (Ge 24:3); 8. LN 83.46–83.47 on, i.e., a marker of the location on top of the surface of an object (Isa 19:24; 24:13); 9. LN 83.23–83.32 near, at, by, i.e., a marker showing close proximity (Jos 9:7); 10. LN 84.16–84.28 into, i.e., a marker to show an extension into an object (Isa 19:14), note: for NIV text at Ps 49:12[EB 11], see 7700; for NIV text in Isa 26:9, see 1332

7932 קִרְבָה (qir·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7132; TWOT 2065c—LN 34.1–34.21 close relationship, i.e., have a state or condition of intimate association, as a figurative extension of close spatial proximity (Ps 73:28; Isa 58:2+)

7933 קָרְבָּן (qār·bān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7133; TWOT 2065e—LN 53.16–53.27 offering, sacrifice, i.e., a gift to deity of a general kind (Lev 1:2)

7934 קֻרְבָּן (qǔr·bān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7133; TWOT 2065e—LN 57.71–57.124 contribution, gift, i.e., a supply of something voluntarily given for religious uses without it necessarily being considered an offering or sacrifice to deity (Ne 10:35[EB 34]; 13:31+), see also LN 53.16–53.27

7935 קַרְדֹּם (qǎr·dōm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7134; TWOT 2067—1. LN 6.215–6.225 axe, i.e., a metal-head cutting implement for cutting down trees (Jdg 9:48; Ps 74:5; Jer 46:22+); 2. LN 6.4–6.9 adze, i.e., a farm implement for hoeing and cutting (1Sa 13:20, 21+)

קרה (qrh): see 7936, 7939

7936 I. קָרָה (qā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7136; TWOT 2068, 2068e—1. LN 15.75–15.80 (qal) meet, encounter, i.e., come near to an object to the point of actually being in front of the object, implying a happening or encounter (Dt 25:18+); (nif) meet with (Ex 3:18; Nu 23:3, 4, 15, 16+); 2. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) happen, i.e., have an event occur as an extension of approaching and encountering an object in linear motion (Ge 42:29; 44:29; Nu 11:23; Ru 2:3; 1Sa 28:10; Est 4:7; 6:13; Ecc 2:14, 15; 9:11; Isa 41:22; Da 10:14+); (nif) have happen (2Sa 1:6+); 3. LN 68.22–68.33 (hif) give success, i.e., cause a completion with a positive ending in the mind of the speaker (Ge 24:12; 27:20+); 4. LN 30.86–30.107 (hif) select, i.e., chose or prefer certain objects, based on thought or consideration (Nu 35:11+), note: (2Ch 34:11; Ne 2:8; 3:3, 6; Ps 104:3+), see 7939 piel

7937 קָרֶה (qā·rě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7137; TWOT 2068a—1. LN 23.46–23.60 seminal emission, i.e., the act. of male reproductive fluids leaving the body in a normal sexual manner (Dt 23:11[EB 10]+); 2. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: קָרֶה לַיְלָה (qā·rě(h) lǎy·lā(h)) nocturnal seminal emission, i.e., the act. of male reproductive fluids leaving the body in a normal manner, but not due to sexual contact, but involuntary bodily responses as an “accident” (Dt 23:11[EB 10]+), note: cf. “wet dream”

7938 II. קָרָה (qā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7135; TWOT 2077c—LN 79.70–79.77 the cold, i.e., a state of the weather, often indicative of winter, as antithetical to warm and hot temperatures (Job 24:7; 37:9; Ps 147:17; Pr 25:20; Na 3:17; Zec 14:6 NIV+), note: for Zec 14:6 cj, see 7941; note: for MT text in Zec 14:6, see 3701; note: for another spelling, see 7941

7939 III. קָרָה (qā·rā(h)): v. [BDB]; ≡ Str 7136; TWOT 2068—LN 45 (piel) lay the beams of, place roof beams in place for construction of a roof or upper floor (2Ch 34:11; Ne 2:8; 3:3, 6; Ps 104:3+), note: some parse as under 7936 (piel), with same meaning

קֹרָה (qō·rā(h)): see 7771

7940 קָרוֹב (qā·rôḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 7138; TWOT 2065d—1. LN 83.23–83.32 near, close, approaching, i.e., pertaining to being in close, or very close proximity to an object (Ge 19:20); 2. LN 67.17–67.64 near, imminent, i.e., a point in time close to another point of time (Dt 32:35); 3. LN 34.1–34.21 close relationship, i.e., have a state or condition of intimate association, as a figurative extension of close spatial proximity (Ps 34:19[EB 18])

7941 קָרוּת (qā·rûṯ): n.fem.—see 7938 (Zec 14:6 cj+)

קרח (qrḥ): see 7942

7942 קָרַח (qā·rǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7139, 7144; TWOT 2069b—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) shave, make bald, i.e., remove hair off the body with a sharp instrument (Lev 21:5 Q; Mic 1:16+); (nif) shave oneself, make oneself bald (Jer 16:6+); (hif) shave another, make bald (Eze 27:31+); 2. LN 19.43–19.54 (hof) be rubbed bare, be make bald, i.e., remove hair from the body by a pressing, friction motion (Eze 29:18+), note: in context, the hair of the head is rubbed off from carrying loads on the head

7943 קֶרַח (qě·rǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7140; TWOT 2070a—1. LN 2.14–2.28 frozen water, ice, frost, hail, i.e., water in a solid, cold form either falling from the sky, or sitting on the ground in a mass in fine particles or masses (Job 6:16; 37:10; 38:29; Ps 147:17; Jer 36:30; Eze 1:22+); 2. LN 79.70–79.77 cold, frigidness, i.e., a state or condition of the absence of heat as a weather condition (Ge 31:40+)

7944 קֵרֵחַ (qē·rēaḥ): adj.; ≡ Str 7142; TWOT 2069a—LN 8.9–8.69 bald, bald-headed, i.e., pertaining to having no hair on the back part of the crown of the head as is common in male-pattern baldness (Lev 13:40; 2Ki 2:23+)

7945 קָרֵחַ (qā·rēaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7143;—LN 93-pers. (male) Kareah: father of Johanan (2Ki 25:23; Jer 40:8–43:5 passim+)

7946 קֹרַח (qō·rǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7141;—LN 93-pers. (male) Korah: 1. son of Esau (Ge 36:5; 1Ch 1:35+) 2. grandson of Esau (Ge 36:14, 16, 18+) 3. of Judah through Caleb (1Ch 2:43+) 4. Levite progenitor of the Korahite clans (Ex 6:21, 24; 1Ch 6:7[EB 22],22[EB 37]), see also 7948 5. rebel son of Izhar (Nu 16:1–17:14 passim)

קָרְחָא (qār·ḥā(ʾ)) BDB: see 7947 (Eze 27:31 v.r.)

7947 קָרְחָה (qār·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7146; TWOT 2069c—LN 8.9–8.69 baldness, i.e., pertaining to a state or condition of not having hair on a portion or all of the crown of the head made by shaving the head with a razor (Lev 21:5; Dt 14:1; Isa 3:24; 15:2; 22:12; Jer 47:5; 48:37; Eze 7:18; 27:31; Am 8:10; Mic 1:16+), note: this act. has an associated meaning of mourning, see also domain LN 25.135–25.145

7948 קָרְחִי (qār·ḥî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7145;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Korahite: pertaining to Korah (Ex 6:24; Nu 26:58; 1Ch 9:19, 31; 12:7[EB 6]; 26:1, 19; 2Ch 20:19+), note: see also 7946(4.)

7949 קָרַחַת (qā·rǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7146; TWOT 2069c—1. LN 8.9–8.69 bald spot, i.e., the back part of the crown of the head with no hair on it (Lev 13:42,43+); 2. LN 79.57–79.59 bare spot, i.e., a smooth or affected spot on the back side of an object (Lev 13:55+)

7950 קְרִי (qerî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7147; TWOT 2068b—LN 39.1–39.12 hostility, hostile encounter, i.e., the state or condition of strife and opposition toward another (Lev 26:21, 23, 24, 27, 28, 40, 41+)

7951 קָרִיא (qā·rî(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 7148; TWOT 2063b—LN 30.86–30.107 summoned, called, i.e., pertaining to persons that are appointed to a task or office and so be leaders or official (Nu 1:16 K; 16:2 Q; 26:9 Q+), note: see also domain LN 37.48–37.95; note: for K/Q, see 7924

7952 קְרִיאָה (qerî·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7150; TWOT 2063c—LN 33.256–33.261 message, proclamation, i.e., an official communication which makes appeals for persons or principles (Jnh 3:2+)

7953 קִרְיָה (qir·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7151; TWOT 2068g—LN 1.88–1.94 city, town, i.e., a population center in contrast to a rural, sparsely populated area, sometimes with a focus on the persons in the city (Nu 21:28; Dt 2:36; 3:4; 1Ki 1:41, 45; Job 39:7; Ps 48:3[EB 2]; Pr 10:15; 11:10; 18:11, 19; 29:8; Isa 1:21, 26; 22:2; 24:10; 25:2, 3; 26:5; 29:1; 32:13; 33:20; Jer 49:25; La 2:11; Hos 6:8; Mic 4:10; Hab 2:8, 12, 17+)

7954 קְרִיּוֹת (qeriy·yôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7152;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kerioth: town in Moab, (Jer 48:24, 41; Am 2:2+); also part of a compound name, Kerioth Hezron, see 7955

7955 קְרִיּוֹת חֶצְרוֹן (qeriy·yôṯ ḥěṣ·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 2696, 7152;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kerioth Hezron: town of Judah (Jos 15:25+), see also 2937(2.)

7956 קִרְיַת (qir·yǎṯ): n.pr. [BDB: n.fem.cs. of 7953]; ≡ Str 7151; TWOT 2068g—LN 93-place (loc.) Kiriath: 1. town of Benjamin (Jos 18:28+); 2. also, a part of a compound name, Kiriath …, see 7953–7964, note: many relate to Kiriath Jearim, see 7961

7957 קִרְיַת אַרְבַּע (qir·yǎṯ ʾǎr·bǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7153;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kiriath Arba: city SW of Jerusalem, (Ge 23:2; Jos 14:15; 15:13, 54; 20:7; 21:11; Jdg 1:10+), see also 2496, 7959

7958 קִרְיַת־בַּעַל (qir·yǎṯ-·bǎ·ʿǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7154;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kiriath Baal: town in Judah, later given to Benjamin, (Jos 15:60; 18:14+), see also 1267, 7961

7959 קִרְיַת הָאַרְבַּע (qir·yǎṯ hā·ʾǎr·bǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7153;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kiriath Arba: city SW of Jerusalem, (Ge 35:27; Ne 11:25+), see also 2496, 7957

7960 קִרְיַת חֻצוֹת (qir·yǎṯ ḥǔ·ṣôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7155;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kiriath Huzoth: place in Moab in the Balaam stories (Nu 22:39+)

7961 קִרְיַת יְעָרִים (qir·yǎṯ yeʿā·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7157;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kiriath Jearim: town in Judah, later given to Benjamin, (Jos 9:17; 15:9, 60), see also 1267, 7958 note: for MT text in Ezr 2:25, see 7963.5

7962 קִרְיַת־סַנָּה (qir·yǎṯ-·sǎn·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7158;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kiriath Sannah: Canaanite city in the hill country of Judah (Jos 15:49+), see also 1810, 7963

7963 קִרְיַת־סֵפֶר (qir·yǎṯ-·sē·p̄ěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7158;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kiriath Sepher: Canaanite city in the hill country of Judah (Jos 15:15, 16; Jdg 1:11, 12+), see also 1810, 7962

קִרְיַת עָרִים (qir·yǎṯ ʿā·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7158;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kiriath Arim (Jearim NIV): town in Judah (Ezr 2:25+), note: for NIV text, see 7961, see also BHS ftn

7964 קִרְיָתַיִם (qir·yā·ṯǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7156;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kiriathaim: 1. town in Moab given to Reuben (Nu 32:37; Jos 13:19; Jer 48:1, 23; Eze 25:9+) 2. Levitical site in Naphtali (1Ch 6:61[EB 76]+), note: possibly same as 7986; also part of a compound name, Shaveh Kiriathaim, see 8754

קרם (qrm): see 7965

7965 קָרַם (qā·rǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7159; TWOT 2071—LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) cover with, lay on, i.e., spread something over an object (Eze 37:6, 8+), for another pointing in 8, see next; (nif) be spread over (Eze 37:8+)

קרן (qrn): see 7966

7966 קָרַן (qā·rǎn): v.; ≡ Str 7160; TWOT 2072—1. LN 14.36–14.52 (qal) be radiant, emit light rays, i.e., a shining appearance due to glow of a face that supernaturally beams light (Ex 34:29, 30, 35+); 2. LN 43 (hif ptcp.) be with horns, i.e., exist in a state of having horns, and so be an object that is normal and not blemished (Ps 69:32[EB 31]+), see also domain LN 79.60–79.61

7967 קֶרֶן (qě·rěn): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7161; TWOT 2072a—1. LN 8.17 horn, i.e., a bony growth on the heads of some mammals, with an associative meanings of status, strength, and ability (Ge 22:13); 2. LN 79.105 horn, i.e., a projection point on an altar, likely similar to a bull’s horn (1Ki 1:50); 3. LN 6.83–6.95 trumpet, i.e., a signaling instrument made of an animal’s horn (Jos 6:5); 4. LN 6.118–6.151 container, i.e., a container used to hold material made of an animal horn (1Sa 16:1); 5. LN 8.9–8.69 brow, forehead, formally horn, i.e., the area of the human body as a figurative extension of the place horns grow on an animals head (Job 16:15), note: some sources translate as “lock of hair;” still other sources translate “glory” as the figurative extension of horn as a strong, majestic part of the body; 6. LN 1.46–1.50 summit of a hill, formally, horn, i.e., the top of an elevated spot (Isa 5:1+), note: NIV translates “hillside”; 7. LN 14.15–14.16 flashing rays, formally, horns, i.e., brilliant flashes of light, similar to lightning, from a supernatural source (Hab 3:4+); 8. LN 6.96–6.101 unit: קֶרֶן בַּרְזֶל (qě·rěn bǎr·zěl) iron horns, i.e., an ornamental artifact that represents an animal horn, but not an image of worship (1Ki 22:11); 9. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: קֶרֶן שֵׁן (qě·rěn šēn)1 tusk, formally, horn of a tooth, i.e., a valuable, curved-shaped growth of an elephant (Eze 27:15); also, a part of a compound name, Keren-Happuch, see 7968

7968 קֶרֶן הַפּוּךְ (qě·rěn hǎp·pûḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7163;—LN 93-pers. (female) Keren-Happuch: daughter of Job (Job 42:14+)

7969 קַרְנַיִם (qǎr·nǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7161; TWOT 2072a—LN 93-place (loc.) Karnaim: fortress city of Gilead (Am 6:13+), note: possibly same as 6959

קרס (qrs): see 7970

7970 קָרַס (qā·rǎs): v.; ≡ Str 7164; TWOT 2073—LN 17.29–17.33 (qal) stoop low, bend down, crouch, i.e., make a motion from a standing position to end in a bent over, stooped position (Isa 46:1, 2+)

7971 קֶרֶס (qě·rěs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7165; TWOT 2073a—LN 6.14–6.22 clasp, hook, i.e., an instrument that binds or fastens cloth (Ex 26:6,11,33; 35:11; 36:13,18; 39:33+)

קֵרֹס (qē·rōs) BDB: see 7820 (Ezr 2:44+)

7972 קַרְסֹל (qǎr·sōl): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7166; TWOT 2073b—LN 8.9–8.69 ankle, i.e., the connecting joint between the lower leg and foot, allowing flexibility of the foot (2Sa 22:37; Ps 18:37[EB 36]+)

קרע (qrʿ): see 7973

7973 קָרַע (qā·rǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7167; TWOT 2074—1. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal) tear, rend, rip, i.e., sever or split an object into two or more parts (Ge 37:29, 34; 44:13; Lev 13:56; Nu 14:6; Jos 7:6; Jdg 11:35; 2Sa 1:11; 3:31; 13:19, 31; 1Ki 11:30; 21:27; 2Ki 2:12; 5:7, 8, 8; 6:30; 11:14; 19:1; 22:11, 19; 2Ch 23:13; 34:19, 27; Ezr 9:3, 5; Est 4:1; Job 1:20; 2:12; Ecc 3:7; Isa 37:1; 63:19[EB 64:1]; Jer 36:24; Hos 13:8+); (qal pass.) be torn (1Sa 4:12; 2Sa 1:2; 13:31; 15:32; 2Ki 18:37; Isa 36:22; Jer 41:5+); (nif) torn, be split (Ex 28:32; 39:23; 1Sa 15:27; 1Ki 13:3, 5+); 2. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) cut, i.e., sever an object from a source with a sharp implement, with a possible implication of enlarging an empty space of an object (Jer 22:14; 36:23+); 3. LN 76 (qal) remove from power, formally, tear away, i.e., no longer have an authority rule or govern, as a figurative extension of rending an object into parts (1Sa 15:28; 28:17; 1Ki 11:11,12, 13, 31; 14:8+); 4. LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) tear away, i.e., cause an object to become unfastened and so removed from the grasp of hands (Eze 13:20, 21+); 5. LN 34.31–34.39 (qal) disassociate, i.e., cause or remove an association (2Ki 17:21+); 6. LN 33.387–33.403 (qal) slander, insult, formally, tear at, i.e., speak against another with disparaging words (Ps 35:15+); 7. LN 49 (qal) shade, highlight, formally, enlarge, i.e., place cosmetic paint on the face (Jer 4:30+); 8. LN 25.135–25.145 unit: (qal) קָרַע לֵבָב (qā·rǎʿ lē·ḇāḇ) mourn, i.e., be in a sorrowful attitude or emotion, with a focus on internal choice and feelings, as contrasted with external actions (Joel 2:13+)

קֶרַע (qě·rǎʿ) BDB: see 7974

7974 קְרָעִים (qerā·ʿîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7168; TWOT 2074a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 piece of cloth, i.e., a portion of a larger piece of cloth, but not necessarily wornout cloth (1Ki 11:30, 31; 2Ki 2:12+); 2. LN 6.152–6.187 rag, i.e., a wornout piece of cloth, which may be in pieces (Pr 23:21+)

קרץ (qrṣ): see 7975

7975 קָרַץ (qā·rǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 7169; TWOT 2075—1. LN 33.476–33.489 (qal) wink, formally, pinch, i.e., make a non-verbal signal by blinking the eyelid (Ps 35:19; Pr 6:13; 10:10+), note: in context this is a malicious or insidious action; 2. LN 33.476–33.489 (qal) purse the lips, formally, pinch, i.e., make a non-verbal signal by pinching the lips together as a signal (Pr 16:30+), note: in context this is a malicious or insidious action; 3. LN 42.29–42.40 (pual) shaped, formally, pinched, i.e., pertaining to being shaped or fashioned in a creation from existing materials (Job 33:6+)

7976 קֶרֶץ (qě·rěṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7171; TWOT 2075a—LN 4.47–4.50 (NIV, RSV, NRSV, NJB, NEB, REB, Tanakh) gadfly, i.e., an insect fly of some kind, such as a (NASB, NAB) horse fly, that bites and annoys livestock (Jer 46:20+), note: (Holladay, Lisowsky) mosquito; (ASV, KJV) destruction; (Tanakh ftn) butcher; note: context favors “gadfly” as an insect which refers to an approaching, destructive army, see WBC27:284 for more options

7977 I. קַרְקַע (qǎr·qǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7172; TWOT 2076—1. LN 7.26–7.53 floor, i.e., the lowest horizontal surface of a construction (Nu 5:17; 1Ki 6:15,16, 30; 7:7+), note: for NIV text in 1Ki 7:7b, see 6212; 2. LN 1.17–1.25 sea-floor, bottom of ocean, i.e., the deepest points of a large body of water, with the associative meaning of being inaccessible (Am 9:3+), see also domain LN 32.42–32.61

7978 II. קַרְקַע (qǎr·qǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7173;—LN 93-place (loc.) Karka: place on the southern border of the tribal area of Judah (Jos 15:3+)

7979 קַרְקַר (qǎr·qǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6979; TWOT 2004—1. LN 8.9–8.69 (Lisowsky) vertex, i.e., the top of the head (Nu 24:17+), note: as a noun built from 7981?, a part of the body which cools?; 2. LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, smashing, i.e., a state of ruin (Nu 24:17+); note: this meaning is related to 7982?; note: for NIV text (see BHS ftn), see 7721; note: context is served best with the meaning as “top of the head,” so either keep MT text (Lisowsky), or change text to 7721

7980 קַרְקֹר (qǎr·qōr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7174;—LN 93-place (loc.) Karkor: site where Gideon destroyed the Midianites (Jdg 8:10+)

קרר (qrr): see 7981, 7982

7981 I. קָרַר (qā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6979; TWOT 2004—1. LN 79.70–79.77 (hif) keep cool, i.e., keep water a temperature from being in a tepid, warm state, and so be fresh and potable (Jer 6:7a+), note: NIV translate “pours out”; 2. LN 42.7–42.28 do, perform, formally, keep cool, i.e., do a certain action as a figurative extension of the act. of keeping water potable (Jer 6:7b+)

7982 II. קָרַר (qā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 6979; TWOT 2004—LN 19.34–19.42 (pilpel) destroy, tear down, break apart, i.e., rip an object apart into an ineffectual pile of rubble (Isa 22:5+), note: NIV, “batter down;” note: some sources consider “tear down” as a dubious (uncertain) meaning

7983 קֶרֶשׁ (qě·rěš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7175; TWOT 2079a—1. LN 7.26–7.53 frame, i.e., boards or planks as parts of a construction, often to hold something up (Ex 26:15–29; 35:11; 36:20–34; 39:33; 40:18; Nu 3:36; 4:31+), note: some give the meaning as the individual “boards or planks” itself and not a configuration; 2. LN 6.41–6.51 deck, i.e., a platform, usually on a cargo ship, serving as a structural element and comprising a floor for compartments (Eze 27:6+), note: some sources translate “prow” as the front or bow of a ship

7984 קֶרֶת (qě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7176; TWOT 2068h—LN 1.88–1.94 city, town, i.e., a population center in contrast to a rural, sparsely populated area, sometimes with a focus on the persons in the city (Job 29:7; Pr 8:3; 9:3, 14; 11:11+)

7985 קַרְתָּה (qǎr·tā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7177;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kartah: town in Zebulun (Jos 21:34; 1Ch 6:62[EB 77]+)

7986 קַרְתָּן (qǎr·tān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7178;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kartan: Levitical town in Naphtali (Jos 21:32+), note: possibly same as 7964

7987 קַשְׂוָה (qǎś·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7184; TWOT 2080, 2080a—LN 6.118–6.151 pitcher, jar, i.e., a container for holding and pouring liquid (Ex 25:29; 37:16; Nu 4:7; 1Ch 28:17+)

7988 קְשִׂיטָה (qeśî·ṭā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7192; TWOT 2081a—LN 6.68–6.82 kesitah, piece of bullion, i.e., an unknown unit of weight or monetary value of precious metal (Ge 33:19; Jos 24:32; Job 42:11+), note: see also domain LN 86.4–86.5; note: (NEB, REB, LXX) translates “sheep,” see also domain LN 4.1–4.37

7989 קַשְׂקֶשֶׂת (qǎś·qě·śěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7193; TWOT 2082a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 scales, i.e., small, flattened, rigid, and rounded plates on the skin of fish (Lev 11:9, 10, 12; Dt 14:9, 10; Eze 29:4+); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 unit: שִׁרְיוֹן קַשְׂקֶשֶׂת (šir·yôn qǎś·qě·śěṯ) mail, coat of scale armor, i.e., military scale of relatively flexible metal armor for protection for stopping piercing weapons (1Sa 17:5+)

7990 קַשׁ (qǎš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7179; TWOT 2091a—1. LN 3.47–3.59 chaff, husks, grain shells, i.e., the very dry waste parts of cereal grain plant after processing; light-weight and easily blown by the wind (Job 13:25; 41:20[EB 28]; Ps 83:14[EB 13]; Isa 40:24; 41:2; Jer 13:24+); 2. LN 3.47–3.59 stubble, straw, i.e., the very dry waste parts of the cereal grain plant, usually still attached to the ground, with the fruit-heads gone, with the features of being dry, brittle, and susceptible to fire (Ex 5:12; 15:7; Isa 5:24; 33:11; 47:14; Joel 2:5; Ob 18; Na 1:10; Mal 3:19[EB 4:1]+); 3. LN 3.47–3.59 piece of straw, i.e., the very dry, light waste part of a cereal grain plant, with a focus on the shaft of the plant, not attached to the ground any longer (Job 41:21[EB 29]+), note: there may be overlap of entries and verses

7991 קִשֻּׁאָה (qiš·šǔ·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7180; TWOT 2083a—LN 3.33–3.46 cucumber, i.e., the long, water-filled, fleshy, fruit of a gourd-plant family, genus Cucumis (Nu 11:5+), note: Holladay identifies specifically as the Egyptian cucumber Cucumis melo, chate

קשׁב (qšb): see 7992

7992 קָשַׁב (qā·šǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7181; TWOT 2084—(qal) listen, pay attention, give heed, i.e., accept information as true and respond to it (Isa 32:3+); (hif) listen (1Sa 15:22; 2Ch 20:15; 33:10; Ne 9:34; Job 13:6; 33:31; Ps 5:3[EB 2]; 10:17; 17:1; 55:3[EB 2]; 61:2[EB 1]; 66:19; 86:6; 142:7[EB 6]; Pr 1:24; 2:2; 4:1, 20; 5:1; 7:24; 17:4; 29:12; SS 8:13; Isa 10:30; 21:7; 28:23; 34:1; 42:23; 48:18; 49:1; 51:4; Jer 6:10, 17,19; 8:6; 18:18, 19; 23:18; Da 9:19; Hos 5:1; Mic 1:2; Zec 1:4; 7:11; Mal 3:16+), note: for a focus on the physical act. of hearing, see also domain LN 24.52–24.70; for focus on obedience, see also domain LN 36.12–36.30

7993 קֶשֶׁב (qě·šěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7182; TWOT 2084a—1. LN 74 paying attention, responding, i.e., the act. or state of being able or capable of performing a function or action (1Ki 18:29; 2Ki 4:31+); 2. LN 27.55–27.60 alertness, i.e., a state or condition of using the senses to learn of danger, and so be in a state of readiness (Isa 21:7+)

7994 קַשָּׁב (qǎš·šāḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 7183; TWOT 2084b, 2084c—LN 33.180–33.188 attentive, i.e., pertaining to listening to a request, implying that a response is then given (Ne 1:6, 11+)

7995 קַשֻּׁב (qǎš·šǔḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 7183; TWOT 2084b—LN 33.180–33.188 attentive, i.e., pertaining to listening to a request, implying that a response is then given (2Ch 6:40; 7:15; Ps 130:2+)

קשׁה (qšh): see 7996

7996 קָשָׁה (qā·šā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7185; TWOT 2085—1. LN 88.223–88.226 (hif) stubborn, make stiff, harden, i.e., be unyielding and resisting in an event; or lack humility before a superior (Ex 7:3; 13:15; Dt 2:30; Job 9:4; Ps 95:8; Pr 28:14+); 2. LN 88.135–88.138 (qal) be cruel, harsh, i.e., be brutal and mean in one’s dealings (Ge 49:7; 2Sa 19:44[EB 43]+); (hif) treat harsh (Job 39:16+); 3. LN 22.29–22.34 (qal) be hard, i.e., be in a state of causing hardship and trouble (Dt 1:17; 15:18; 1Sa 5:7+); 4. LN 22.15–22.20 (nif) distressed, i.e., pertaining to experiencing hardship and trouble (Isa 8:21+), note: for a focus on physical pain, see also domain LN 24.77–24.94; (piel) experience great distress (Ge 35:16+); 5. LN 22.21–22.28 (hif) cause great distress, formally, make heavy (Ge 35:17; 1Ki 12:4; 2Ki 2:10; 2Ch 10:4+); 6. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: (hif) קָשָׁה (qā·šā(h))[“T1]עֹרֶף (ʿō·rěp̄) stiff-necked, i.e., pertaining to being stubborn and unyielding (Dt 10:16; 2Ki 17:14; 2Ch 30:8; 36:13; Ne 9:16, 17, 29; Pr 29:1; Jer 7:26; 17:23; 19:15+)

7997 קָשֶׁה (qā·šě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 7186; TWOT 2085a—1. LN 22.29–22.34 hard, harsh, cruel, fierce, i.e., pertaining to that which is very difficult and causes great hardship (Ge 42:7, 30; Ex 6:9; 1Sa 20:10; 25:3; 2Sa 2:17; 1Ki 12:13; 2Ch 10:13; Ps 60:5[EB 3]; Isa 14:3; 19:4+); 2. LN 42.41–42.50 hard, harsh, i.e., pertaining to work which is troublesome and difficult, with a focus on physical energy expended (Ex 1:14; Dt 26:6; 1Ki 12:4; 2Ch 10:4+); 3. LN 32.19–32.23 difficult, perplexing, i.e., pertaining to that which is hard to understand (Ex 18:26+); 4. LN 76 strong, forceful, fierce, i.e., pertaining to the ability to complete a task using physical force (Jdg 4:24; 2Sa 3:39; Isa 27:1, 8+); 5. LN 65.20–65.29 bad, i.e., pertaining to being difficult or harsh in value from the point of view of the subject (1Ki 14:6; Isa 21:2+); 6. LN 37.108–37.110 unyielding, i.e., pertaining to that which is able to take into custody, and so contain or confine an object, because of its nature, as a figurative extension of using physical force to hold an object (SS 8:6+); 7. LN 88.223–88.226 stubborn, obstinate, i.e., pertaining to being obdurate (stubborn) and not changing an attitude or behavior (Jdg 2:19; Isa 48:4+); 8. LN 25.223–25.250 unit: קָשֶׁה רוּחַ (qā·šě(h) rûaḥ) deeply troubled, formally, hard of spirit, i.e., to be experiencing distress, worry, anxiety (1Sa 1:15+); 9. LN 22.15–22.20 unit: קָשֶׁה יוֹם (qā·šě(h) yôm)1 trouble, formally, hard of days, i.e., the experience of difficulty and hardship (Job 30:25+); 10. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: קָשֶׁה עֹרֶף (qā·šě(h) ʿō·rěp̄) stiff-necked, formally, hard of neck, i.e., pertaining to being obdurate (stubborn) and not changing an attitude or behavior (Ex 32:9; 33:3, 5; 34:9; Dt 9:6, 13; 31:27+); 11. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: קָשֶׁה פָּנֶה (qā·šě(h) pā·ně(h)) stubborn, obstinate, formally, hard of face, i.e., pertaining to being obdurate (stubborn) and not changing an attitude or behavior (Eze 2:4+); 12. LN 88.223–88.226 unit: קָשֶׁה לֵב (qā·šě(h) lēḇ) stubborn, obstinate, formally, hard of heart, i.e., pertaining to being obdurate (stubborn) and not changing an attitude or behavior (Eze 3:7+)

קָשׁוּר (qā·šûr): adj. [oth qal pass.masc.pl. of 8003]; ≡ Str 7186; TWOT 2085a—LN 23.129–23.141 rigorous, robust, not weak, i.e., pertaining to being healthy and so having a higher value (Ge 30:42+), see also domain LN 65.1–65.16

קשׁח (qšḥ): see 7998

7998 קָשַׁח (qā·šǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7188; TWOT 2087—1. LN 20.12–20.30 (hif) treat roughly, jostle hard, i.e., treat a relatively fragile object with indifference and lack of care and so maltreat (Job 39:16+); 2. LN 88.223–88.226 (hif) unit: קָשַׁח לֵב (qā·šǎḥ lēḇ) harden the heart, i.e., cause one to not respond in belief or action, and cause to be stubborn (Isa 63:17+)

7999 קֹשְׁטְ (qōšṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7189; TWOT 2088, 2089a—LN 33.224–33.250 just words, truth, i.e., communicable words or thoughts that are just and right according to a standard, and so a sound teaching (Pr 22:21+)

8000 קֹשֶׁט (qō·šěṭ): n.[fem.] [BDB: M.?]; ≡ Str 7189; TWOT 2088—LN 6.29–6.40 bow, i.e., weapon used to deliver arrows (Ps 60:6[EB 4]+), see also 8008

8001 קְשִׁי (qešî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7190; TWOT 2085b—LN 88.223–88.226 stubbornness, i.e., a state or condition of being obdurate and not changing an attitude or behavior (Dt 9:27+)

8002 קִשְׁיוֹן (qiš·yôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7191;—LN 93-place (loc.) Kishion: Levitical town of Issachar, (Jos 19:20; 21:28+)

קשׁר (qšr): see 8003

8003 קָשַׁר (qā·šǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7194; TWOT 2090—1. LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) tie, bind, i.e., fasten one object to another usually by means of a cord, rope, string, thread, etc. (Ge 38:28; Dt 6:8; 11:18; Jos 2:18, 21; Job 39:10; 40:29[EB 41:5]; Pr 3:3; 6:21; 7:3; Jer 51:63+); (nif) be joined (Ne 3:38[EB 4:6]+); (piel) bind (Job 38:31+); 2. LN 39.34–39.41 (qal) plot, conspire, i.e., rise up in a planned, co-ordinated rebellion, in open defiance of an authority (1Sa 22:8, 13; 2Sa 15:31; 1Ki 15:27; 16:9, 16, 20; 2Ki 10:9; 12:21[EB 20]; 14:19; 15:10, 15, 25, 30; 21:23, 24; 2Ch 24:21; 25:27; 33:24, 25; Ne 4:2[EB 8]; Am 7:10+), see also domain LN 30.56–30.74; (hitp) conspire together (2Ki 9:14; 2Ch 24:25, 26+); 3. LN 34.1–34.21 (qal pass.) closely associated, formally, be bound up, i.e., have an association between two entities as a figurative extension of binding or tying two objects together (Ge 44:30; 22:15+); (nif) be united (1Sa 18:1+); 4. LN 49 (piel) wear, i.e., fasten or attach adornments or clothing to the body, as an extension of the meaning to bind or fasten objects together (Isa 49:18+); 5. LN 23.129–23.141 (pual) rigorous, robust, not weak, strong, i.e., pertaining to being healthy and so having a higher value (Ge 30:41+), see also domain LN 65.1–65.16

8004 קֶשֶׁר (qě·šěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7195; TWOT 2090a—LN 39.34–39.41 conspiracy, treason, rebellion, i.e., a conscious, planned act. of open defiance of authority, often to set up a new government (2Sa 15:12; 1Ki 16:20; 2Ki 11:14; 12:21[EB 20]; 14:19; 15:15, 30; 17:4; 2Ch 23:13; 25:27; Isa 8:12; Jer 11:9; Eze 22:25+), see also domain LN 30.56–30.74

8005 קִשֻּׁרִים (qiš·šǔ·rîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 7196; TWOT 2090b—LN 6.178 sashes, i.e., an ornamental band worn on a woman (Isa 3:20; Jer 2:32+), note: Holladay translates “breast-bands;” note: for “gossamer” Job 8:14 cj, see WBC 17:199, see also domain LN 6.188–6.196

קשׁשׁ (qšš): see 8006, 8007

8006 I. קָשַׁשׁ (qā·šǎš): v.; ≡ Str 7197; TWOT 2091, 2092—1. LN 45 (polel) gather straw, i.e., to collect a material for making bricks for construction (Ex 5:7, 12+), see also domain LN 15.123–15.134; 2. LN 46 gather stick, i.e., collect pieces or sticks of wood for household fire (Nu 15:32, 33; 1Ki 17:10, 12+), see also domain LN 15.123–15.134; 3. LN 15.123–15.134 (qal imv.) gather together, i.e., cause two or more persons to come together in linear movement (Zep 2:1b+); (hitpolel imv.) gather together (Zep 2:1a+)

8007 II. קָשַׁשׁ (qā·šǎš): v. [BDB]—see 8006 (Zep 2:1ab+)

8008 קֶשֶׁת (qě·šěṯ): n.fem. [BDB: M.? at 2Sa 1:22?]; ≡ Str 7198; TWOT 2093—1. LN 6.29–6.40 bow, i.e., weapon used to deliver arrows, with the associative meaning of potency or power (1Sa 18:4), see also 8000; cf. also 8009; 2. LN 1.34–1.38 rainbow, i.e., a multi-colored arch (or possibly circle) as a natural occurrence in the sky when the sunlight refracts (break up) through raindrops (Ge 9:13, 14, 16; Eze 1:28+); 3. LN 6.29–6.40 arrow, i.e., the sharp-tipped projectile that a bow shoots (Job 20:24; Ps 76:4[EB 3]+); 4. LN 33.35–33.68 Lament of the Bow, i.e., a written piece of literature, likely titled “Bow” (2Sa 1:18+), see also domain LN 52; 5. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: מוֹרֶה אִישׁ בְּ־ הַ־ קֶשֶׁת (mô·rě(h) ʾîš b- hǎ- qě·šěṯ) archer, bowman, i.e., a soldier who shoots arrows with a bow (1Sa 31:3+); 6. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: מוֹרֶה בְּ־ הַ־ קֶשֶׁת (mô·rě(h) b- hǎ- qě·šěṯ) archer, bowman, i.e., a soldier who shoots arrows with a bow (1Ch 10:3+); 7. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: מִסְפָּר קֶשֶׁת (mis·pār qě·šěṯ) archer, bowman, formally, one of the bow, i.e., a soldier who shoots arrows with a bow (Isa 21:17+); 8. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: מָשַׁךְ קֶשֶׁת (mā·šǎḵ qě·šěṯ) archer, bowman, formally, drawer of the bow, i.e., a soldier who shoots arrows with a bow (Isa 66:19+); 9. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: רָמָה קֶשֶׁת (rā·mā(h) qě·šěṯ) archer, bowman, formally, hurler of the bow, i.e., a soldier who shoots arrows with a bow (Jer 4:29; Ps 78:9+); 10. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: תָּפַשׂ הַ־ קֶשֶׁת (tā·p̄ǎś hǎ- qě·šěṯ) archer, bowman, formally, handler of the bow, i.e., a soldier who shoots arrows with a bow (Am 2:15+); 11. LN 6.29–6.40 unit: בֵּן קֶשֶׁת (bēn qě·šěṯ) arrow, formally, son of the bow, i.e., the sharp-tipped projectile that a bow shoots (Job 41:20[EB 28]+); 12. LN 81.25–81.29 unit: טָחָה קֶשֶׁת (ṭā·ḥā(h) qě·šěṯ) bowshot, i.e., a measurement of a distance which is out of ear-shot of loud noises, but still within sight (Ge 21:16+)

8009 קַשָּׁת (qǎš·šāṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7199; TWOT 2094—1. LN 44 archer, bowman, i.e., a hunter who shoots arrows with a bow (Ge 21:20+), cf. also 8008; 2. LN 44 unit: רָבָה קַשָּׁת (rā·ḇā(h) qǎš·šāṯ) archer, bowman, formally, shooting of the bowman, i.e., a hunter who shoots arrows with a bow (Ge 21:20+)

ר

8010 ר (r): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

ראה (rʾh): see 8011

8011 I. רָאָה (rā·ʾā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3070, 7200, 7202; TWOT 2095a—1. LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) see, look, view, i.e., use the perception of sight to view objects and make judgments based on the perceptions (Ge 40:6); (nif) become visible, appear, show oneself (2Sa 17:17); (pual) be seen (Job 33:21+); (hif) show, cause to see (2Sa 15:25); (hof) be shown (Ex 25:40; 26:30; Lev 13:49; Dt 4:35+); (hitp) look at each other (Ge 42:1+); 2. LN 28.28–28.56 (qal) see vision, i.e., have information clearly known, as a figurative extension of seeing an object (Isa 30:10); (hif) reveal, cause to see (2Ki 8:10); 3. LN 25.102–25.115 (qal) find delight, gloat, i.e., take pleasure in a situation (Ps 22:18[EB 17]); (hif) find delight (Ps 59:11[EB 10]), note: NIV translates “gloat” implying a satisfaction over another’s misfortune; 4. LN 30.1–30.38 (qal) consider, formally, see, i.e., think with a careful process (1Sa 12:24); 5. LN 27.1–27.26 (qal) find out, discover, i.e., learn information about a situation or object by testing or by observation (1Sa 23:23); 6. LN 35.31–35.35 (qal) provide, formally, see, i.e., give aid or support by making available whatever supplies are needed, as an extension of appearing on the scene of a situation (Ge 22:14); (nif) be provided, seen (Ge 22:14); 7. LN 27.55–27.60 (qal) pay attention, i.e., be ready to learn information about a situation (Ge 39:23); 8. LN 91.6–91.12 (qal) Ah!, Note!, formally, See!, i.e., a marker arousing attention or emphasis (Ge 27:27); 9. LN 30.86–30.107 (qal pass.) be selected, i.e., pertaining to being chosen or preferred from other alternatives, as a process of thought (Est 2:9+); 10. LN 85.1–85.31 (nif) be present, i.e., be in a certain spatial position (Lev 13:7, 19; 1Sa 1:22), see also domain LN 15.75–15.80; 11. LN 90.85–90.97 (hif) experience, formally, cause to see, i.e., cause one to be personally involved in an event (Ps 71:20); 12. LN 55.2–55.6 (hitp) meet with, formally, look at each other, i.e., have an encounter with a military head just prior to a fight between hostile military parties (2Ki 14:8, 11; 2Ch 25:17, 21+), see also domain LN 15.75–15.80; 13. LN 33.294–33.298 unit: (qal) רָאָה פָּנֶה (rā·ʾā(h) pā·ně(h)) advisor, formally, one looking in the face, i.e., one who tells another what to do or plan (2Ki 25:19); 14. LN 23.61–23.65 unit: (qal) רָאָה אֵת עֶרְוָה (rā·ʾā(h) ʾēṯ ʿěr·wā(h)) sexual relations, i.e., the act. of physical, heterosexual relations (Lev 20:17), note: some interpret Ge 9:22 as incestuous relations with Noah’s wife, note: for NIV text in 2Sa 22:11, see 1797; 2Ch 26:5, see 3711; Eze 28:17 as n.fem., see 8019; 1Sa 23:22 cj, see 4556; note: for MT text in Isa 21:8, see 793, 794; note: further study may yield more domains

8012 II. רָאָה (rā·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7201; TWOT 394a—LN 4.38–4.46 large bird, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; a predatory bird (Dt 14:13+), note: Holladay identifies specifically as Milvus milvus, see also 1798; note: (NJB, NAB, NEB, REB, Tanakh) kite; (NIV, NASB, NKJV) red kite; (KJV, ASV) glede; (RSV, NRSV) buzzard

8013 רָאֶה (rā·ʾě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 7200; TWOT 2095—LN 32.11–32.18 seeing, i.e., pertaining to coming to an understanding as a result of perception or observation (Job 10:15+), note: for NIV text, see 8116

רֹאֶה (rō·ʾě(h)) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8014, 8015

8014 I. רֹאֶה (rō·ʾě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7203; TWOT 2095b, 2095c—LN 53.66–53.95 seer, prophet, i.e., a person who sees and understands a vision, and speaks forth the message of the revelation, often as a specialist or class of persons (1Sa 9:9,11, 18, 19; 2Sa 15:27; 1Ch 9:22; 26:28; 29:29; 2Ch 16:7, 10; Isa 30:10+)

8015 II. רֹאֶה (rō·ʾě(h)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7203; TWOT 2095b—LN 33.476–33.489 vision, i.e., a comprehendible, supernatural (possibly ecstatic), non-verbal communication as a revelation from God, usually in the form of a visual message (Isa 28:7+)

8016 III. רֹאֶה (rō·ʾě(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7211;—LN 93-pers. (male) Roeh: of Judah (1Ch 2:52+), note: as a proper name (with the article) see 2218; others translate as 8014

8017 רְאוּבֵן (reʾû·ḇēn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7205; TWOT 2095j—LN 93-pers. Reuben: 1. (male) son of Jacob-Leah (Ge 29:32) 2. (tribe) clan of Reuben 1 (Nu 2:10), see also 8018, 8017.5

רְאוּבֵן (reʾû·ḇēn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7205; TWOT 2095j—LN 93-place (loc.) Reuben: territory of land in East and North East of North end of Dead Sea (Jos 22:13; 2Ki 10:33)

8018 רְאוּבֵנִי (reʾû·ḇē·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7206;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Reubenite: pertaining to Reuben (Nu 26:7), see also 8017

8019 רַאֲוָה (rǎ·ʾǎwā(h)): n.fem. [oth qal inf.cs.]; ≡ Str 7207; TWOT 2095—LN 25.189–25.202 spectacle, exhibition, formally, seeing, i.e., an object of curiosity or contempt (Eze 28:17+); note: see also domain LN 24.15, note: some parse as qal inf. of 8011

8020 רְאוּמָה (reʾû·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7208;—LN 93-pers. (female) Reumah: concubine of Nahor (Ge 22:24+)

ראות (rʾwt) BDB: see 8021

8021 רְאוּת (reʾûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7200; TWOT 2095—LN 24.1–24.51 a look, gazing, i.e., the act. of seeing with the eyes in a prolonged manner, implying desire or care for the object being looked at (Ecc 5:10[EB 11] Q+, for K see 8026)

8022 רֹאִי (rō·ʾî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 883;—LN 93-place (loc.) Roi: part of a compound name, Beer LahaiRoi, see 936

8023 רְאִי (reʾî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7209; TWOT 2095e—LN 6.221 mirror, i.e., a flat piece of polished metal (possibly with an ornamental handle), which makes a reflection for face and hair care (Job 37:18+)

רְאִי (reʾî): v.—see 8011 (qal imv. fs)

8024 רֳאִי (rǒʾî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7210; TWOT 2095f—1. LN 35.36–35.46 seeing, i.e., the act. of watching over another and so take care of someone (Ge 16:13+); 2. LN 58.14–58.18 appearance, i.e., the visual form which is seen (1Sa 16:12+); 3. LN 25.189–25.202 spectacle, exhibition, formally, seeing, i.e., an object of curiosity or contempt (Na 3:6+), note: see also domain LN 24.15; 4. LN 13.69–13.103 unit: מִן רֳאִי (min rǒʾî) disappears, formally, from appearance, i.e., a state in which a physical object ceases to exist (Job 33:21+), note: in context this disappearance is relatively slow

רְאֵים (reʾêm) BDB: see 8028

8025 רְאָיָה (reʾā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7211;—LN 93-pers. (male) Reaiah: 1. of Judah (1Ch 4:2+), see also 2218 2. of Reuben (1Ch 5:5+) 3. ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:47; Ne 7:50+)

ראישׁון (rʾyšwn) BDB: see 8037 (Job 15:7+)

ראית (rʾyt) BDB: see 8026

8026 רְאִית (reʾîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7212; TWOT 2095d—see 8021 (Ecc 5:10[EB 11] K+)

ראם (rʾm): see 8027

8027 רָאַם (rā·ʾǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7213; TWOT 2096—LN 87.19–87.57 (qal pf. 3fs.) rise up high, i.e., to have high status in relation to other objects, as a figurative extension of being in an elevated place (Zec 14:10+)

8028 רְאֵם (reʾēm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7214; TWOT 2096a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 (most versions) wild ox, aurochs, i.e., an extinct, long-horned, ancestor of the domestic cattle, Bos primigenius bojanus (Nu 23:22; 24:8; Dt 33:17; Job 39:9, 10; Ps 22:22[EB 21]; 92:11[EB 10]; Isa 34:7+), note: KJV, LXX, VULG. translate as a single-horned animal, such as rhinoceros or mysterious unicorn; 2. LN 4.1–4.37 unit: בֵּן רְאֵם (bēn reʾēm) adolescent wild ox, i.e., a non-domestic ox likely under two years old (Ps 29:6+)

רָאֲמָה (rā·ʾǎmā(h)) BDB: see 8030

8029 I. רָאמוֹת (rā(ʾ)·môṯ): n.[fem.] pl.; ≡ Str 7215; TWOT 2096b—LN 2.29–2.48 corals, i.e., a skeletal deposit resembling calcite produced by a small, sea-floor animal, an anthozoan, mentioned in context with precious stones (Job 28:18; Pr 24:7; Eze 27:16+), note: some sources identify as red coral, others as black coral; note: for NIV text in Pr, see 8123 or 8027

8030 II. רָאמוֹת (rā(ʾ)·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7216;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ramoth: Levitical town in Issachar (Dt 4:43; Jos 20:8; 21:38; 1Ch 6:58[EB 73],65[EB 80]+), see also 3754(2.)

רָאמַת (rā(ʾ)·mǎṯ) BDB: see 8230 (Jos 19:8+)

רָאשׁ (rā(ʾ)š) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8133

רֵאשׁ (rē(ʾ)š) BDB: see 8203 (Pr 6:11; 30:8+)

8031 I. רֹאשׁ (rō(ʾ)š): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7218, 7226; TWOT 2097f—1. LN 8.9–8.69 head, i.e., the crucial part of the body containing the brain stem and other most crucial sensory input parts such as eyes, mouth, ears, etc. (Ge 3:15; 40:19; Ps 74:14); 2. LN 84.1–84.15 source, i.e., the beginning point from which a spatial extension occurs (Ge 2:10); 3. LN 81.3–81.11 top, i.e., the uppermost height of an object (Ge 8:5; 1Sa 26:13); 4. LN 37.48–37.95 head, leader, chief, i.e., a person or national entity who rules and governs as a figurative extension of the head as a crucial body part (Ex 18:25), note: as a military ruler, see also domain LN 55.14–55.22; 5. LN 83.33–83.41 front, i.e., a spatial anterior position of an object or area, in contrast to a back or hind position (2Ch 20:27); 6. LN 67.65–67.72 the beginning, i.e., a point of time at the very start of a duration (Jdg 7:19); 7. LN 68.1–68.10 the beginning, i.e., to initiate a process or state (Ecc 3:11); 8. LN 65.20–65.29 finest things, choice things, i.e., things of good quality and value as a figurative extension of the head as a crucial part of the body (Ex 30:23; SS 4:14; Eze 27:22); 9. LN 55.7–55.13 division, company, i.e., a main subgroup of an army (1Sa 11:11); 10. LN 59.48–59.61 sum, i.e., a large amount of items or entities (Ps 139:17); 11. LN 8.13 unit: דַּלָּה רֹאשׁ (dǎl·lā(h) rō(ʾ)š)1 tossed and flowing hair, hair hanging down, formally, the thrum (fringe threads) of the head, as a part of the body (SS 7:6[EB 5]+); 12. LN 25.199 unit: גַּחַל חָתָה עַל־רֹאשׁ (gǎ·ḥǎl ḥā·ṯā(h) ʿǎl-·rō(ʾ)š)1, formally, heap coals on the head, i.e., the sharp pain of contrition or possibly simply the overcoming of enmity, an ironic form of righteous “torture.” (Pr 25:22+); 13. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: חוּב אֵת רֹאשׁ (ḥûḇ ʾēṯ rō(ʾ)š)1 put to death, formally, sentence my head (Da 1:10+); 14. LN 37.111–37.113 unit: רֹאשׁ כֶּלֶב (rō(ʾ)š kě·lěḇ) puppet, formally, a dog’s head, i.e., a person of low status in the pay of another as a traitor (2Sa 3:8), see also domain LN 88.271–88.282; 15. LN 6.29–6.40 unit: מָעוֹז רֹאשׁ (mā·ʿôz rō(ʾ)š)1 helmet, formally, head of protection, i.e., an armor piece to protect the head (Ps 60:9[EB 7]; 108:9[EB 8]+), note: for NIV text in 2Sa 22:33, see 273; 16. LN 40.8–40.13 unit: נָשָׂא אֵת רֹאשׁ (nā·śā(ʾ) ʾēṯ rō(ʾ)š)1 pardon, forgive, formally, lift the head, i.e., grant clemency for a wrong-doing or sin, as an extension of raising the head from a bowing motion to a level or upward look, implying restoration of a state (Ge 40:13); 17. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: נָשָׂא אֵת רֹאשׁ (nā·śā(ʾ) ʾēṯ rō(ʾ)š)1 take a census, formally, lift up the head, i.e., count a number of objects in an official capacity (Ex 30:12), see also domain LN 60.1–60.9; 18. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: רֹאשׁ עַם (rō(ʾ)š ʿǎm)2 leader, formally, head of the people, i.e., one who is a prominent person to rule or govern (Job 12:24); 19. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: רֹאשׁ וְ־ שַׂר (rō(ʾ)š w- śǎr) commander-in-chief, formally, head and chief, i.e., the highest commander in a military (1Ch 11:6), note: for another interp in Eze 38:2, 3; 39:1, see 8034; note: for MT text in Pr 28:3, see 8395.5

8032 II. רֹאשׁ (rō(ʾ)š): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7219; TWOT 2098—1. LN 6.197–6.202 poison, i.e., a substance which will harm or kill a living organism, usually made of plants (Dt 29:17[EB 18]; 32:32; Jer 8:14; 9:14[EB 15]; 23:15; Hos 10:4; Am 6:12+); 2. LN 8.70–8.77 venom, i.e., a poison produced as a by-product of some serpents (Dt 32:33; Job 20:16+); 3. LN 8.70–8.77 bitter substance, gall, i.e., a bitter fluid of an organism which is very unpleasant to the taste (Ps 69:22[EB 21]+), note: some sources translate “poison” but context is better served with “gall”; 4. LN 22.15–22.20 bitterness, i.e., a state or condition of experiencing hardship and trouble as a figurative extension of a bitter or poisonous substance (La 3:5, 19+)

8033 III. רֹאשׁ (rō(ʾ)š): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7220;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rosh: son of Benjamin (Ge 46:21+)

8034 IV. רֹאשׁ (rō(ʾ)š): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7218; TWOT 2097—LN 93-pers. (gent.) (BDB, Holladay, NASB, NKJV, ASV, NEB, REB) Rosh: possibly a people from the district on the border of Babylonia and Elam (Eze 38:2, 3; 39:1+); note: some sources do not associate as a gentilic, but as 8031, for cj see 8396

8035 רִאשָׁה (ri(ʾ)·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7221; TWOT 2097a—LN 67.17–67.64 prior time, former time, i.e., a time before another point of time (Eze 36:11+), note: BDB translates “beginning-time, early time”

8036 רֹאשָׁה (rō(ʾ)·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7222; TWOT 2097b—1. LN 80.5–80.7 uppermost, top, i.e., the upper limit of a space (Zec 4:7+); 2. LN 7.26–7.53 unit: הַ־ אֶבֶן הַ־ רֹאשָׁה (hǎ- ʾě·ḇěn hǎ- rō(ʾ)·šā(h)) headstone, capstone, top-stone, i.e., a stone placed in a construction to finish the building project (Zec 4:7+), note: this may either be merely a top stone on a wall, or a capstone to hold an arch or roof, the former is more likely

8037 רִאשׁוֹן (ri(ʾ)·šôn): adj.; ≡ Str 7223; TWOT 2097c—1. LN 60.46–60.61 first, foremost, i.e., pertaining to being first (none prior) in a series involving time, space, or set (1Sa 14:14); 2. LN 67.65–67.72 former, beginning, earlier, preceding, i.e., pertaining to a point of time at the beginning of a duration (2Sa 7:10); 3. LN 83.33–83.41 front, i.e., pertaining to a spatial position which is before or in front of an object (Ge 33:2)

רִאשׁוֹן (ri(ʾ)·šôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7223; TWOT 2097c—LN 93-place (loc.) First Gate: an entrance area (Zec 14:10+)

8038 רִאשׁוֹנִי (ri(ʾ)·šô·nî): adj.; ≡ Str 7224; TWOT 2097d—LN 60.46–60.61 first, i.e., pertaining to that which has no prior in a series or set (Jer 25:1+)

8039 רַאֲשׁוֹת (rǎ·ʾǎšôṯ): n.[fem.] pl.—see 5265

8040 רֵאשִׁית (rē(ʾ)·šîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7225; TWOT 2097e—1. LN 68.1–68.10 what is first, the beginning, i.e., the initiation of an action, process, or state of being (Ps 111:10); 2. LN 67.65–67.72 the beginning, first of time, i.e., a point of time which is the beginning (non prior) in a duration (Ge 1:1); 3. LN 65.20–65.29 best, choice, i.e., that which is superior in value to all others in the same class or kind (Nu 24:20; Dt 33:21); 4. LN 53.16–53.27 firstfruit, i.e., the first portion of something which has been set aside in dedication and offering to God (Ne 12:44; Pr 3:9), note: for focus on the firstfruit as a food, see also domain LN 3.33–3.46

רִאשֹׁנִי (ri(ʾ)·šō·nî) BDB: see 8038

8041 I. רַב (rǎḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 2579, 7227; TWOT 2099a, 2099b—1. LN 59.1–59.10 many, great deal, great many, numerous, i.e., pertaining to a relatively large quantity of countable objects or events (Ex 12:38); 2. LN 59.11–59.22 much, great, extensive, i.e., pertaining to relatively large collection or mass (Nu 20:11; 1Ch 22:8); 3. LN 78.1–78.27 great, very, too, i.e., pertaining to the upper scale of an extent, to a positive or negative degree (2Ch 21:15); 4. LN 59.48–59.61 abundant, excess, i.e., pertaining to a relatively large collection or mass, with a focus that it is more than enough for a situation (Ps 145:7), see also 8042; note: for NIV text in Ps 89:51[EB 50], see 8190; note: Lisowsky combines 1 & 2; see also 8045

רַב (rǎḇ): adv.—see 8041

8042 II. רַב (rǎḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7227, 7249; TWOT 2099b—1. LN 55.14–55.22 commander, military officer, i.e., a person with soldiers under his command (2Ki 18:17; 25:8, 10, 11, 12, 15, 18, 20; Jer 39:3,9, 10, 11, 13; 40:1, 2, 5; 41:1, 10; 43:6; 52:12, 14, 15, 16, 19, 24, 26, 30+); note: in some contexts this may be a civil officer, see also domain LN 37.48–37.95, LN 37.119–37.126; see also 8041, 8059, 8060; note: for another interp in Pr 26:10, see 8043; 2. LN 46 unit: רַב בַּיִת (rǎḇ bǎ·yiṯ)1 head waiter, i.e., a manager of royal festival food, drink, etc. (Est 1:8+); 3. LN 54 unit: רַב הַ־ חֹבֵל (rǎḇ hǎ- ḥō·ḇēl) ship captain (Jnh 1:6+)

8043 III. רַב (rǎḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7228; TWOT 2100a—LN 15.215–15.221 archer, bowman, i.e., a person who shoots arrows with a bow (Job 16:13; Pr 26:10; Jer 50:29+), note: for another interp in Pr, see 8042; see also domain LN 55.14–55.22

רִב (riḇ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8189, 8190

8044 רֹב (rōḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7230; TWOT 2099c—1. LN 59.1–59.10 many, large amount, i.e., a great number of countable items, often with a focus on being an impressive number (1Ch 22:3); 2. LN 59.11–59.22 much, i.e., pertaining to a great mass or quantity of something or event (1Ch 22:8; 29:2; 2Ch 9:1; Zec 14:14); 3. LN 78.1–78.27 greatness, extensiveness, i.e., the upper range of a scale of extent (Ex 15:7); 4. LN 67.142–67.162 long time, i.e., an indefinite period of time, the period of advance age (Job 32:7; Zec 8:4); 5. LN 84.1–84.15 widespread area, i.e., a relatively great spatial area as an extension from a source (Eze 28:16); 6. LN 59.23–59.34 all, i.e., the totality of any object (Job 4:14; 11:2); 7. LN 83.23–83.32 long, far, i.e., a position of relatively great distance (Jos 9:13); 8. LN 59.48–59.61 abundance, plentiful amount, i.e., that which is in excess of what is needed (Ge 27:28; 1Ki 10:27; 1Ch 12:41[EB 40]; 29:21); 9. LN 57.22–57.24 unit: רֹב כֹּל (rōḇ kōl) prosperity, formally, abundance of all, i.e., to have enough or more than enough as an economic state (Dt 28:47); 10. LN 11.1–11.11 unit: רֹב אָדָם (rōḇ ʾā·ḏām)1 crowd of men, formally, multitude of humanity (Eze 23:42), note: NIV translates “rabble” for in context these are bad men

I. רבב (rbb): see 8045

II. רבב (rbb): see 8046

8045 I. רָבַב (rā·ḇǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7231; TWOT 2099—1. LN 59.62–59.71 (qal) be many, i.e., increase a number or quantity of a collection or mass (Ge 6:1; Ex 23:29; Dt 7:7; 1Sa 25:10; Job 35:6; Ps 3:2[EB 1]; Ps 4:8[EB 7]; 25:19; 38:20[EB 19]; 69:5[EB 4]; 104:24; Ecc 5:10[EB 11]; Isa 22:9; 59:12; 66:16; Jer 46:23; Hos 4:7; 10:1+); 2. LN 78.1–78.27 (qal) be great, be increased, i.e., be much in a scale of extent to a relatively high positive or negative degree (Ge 18:20; Isa 6:12; Jer 5:6; 14:7; Hos 9:7+); 3. LN 60.75–60.78 (pual ptcp.) increase by tens of thousands, i.e., produce a very great abundance as a multiple of ten thousand (Ps 144:13+), see also domain LN 59.48–59.61; note: this is likely a figurative extension of a very large number, note: some parse Ex 23:29; Isa 6:12; Hos 9:7; 10:1 as 8041

8046 II. רָבַב (rā·ḇǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7232; TWOT 2100—LN 15.215–15.221 (qal) shoot an arrow, i.e., linear flying motion of an object by hurling with a taut string (Ge 49:23+)

8047 רְבָבָה (reḇā·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7233; TWOT 2099d—1. LN 60.45 myriad, i.e., the number ten thousand, a number 100 times greater than one hundred (Lev 26:8; Dt 32:30; Dt 33:17; Jdg 20:10; 1Sa 18:7, 8; 21:12[EB 11]; 29:5; Ps 91:7; Mic 6:7+), note: there may be overlap between these two entries and verses; 2. LN 60.1–60.9 countless, myriads, innumerable, i.e., a virtually countless number (Ge 24:60; Nu 10:36; Dt 33:2; Ps 3:7[EB 6]; SS 5:10; Eze 16:7+), note: some sources change text in Eze 16:7 to 8049

רְבִבִים (reḇi·ḇîm): see 8053 (Jer 3:3; 14:22+)

רבד (rbd): see 8048

8048 רָבַד (rā·ḇǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 7234; TWOT 2102—LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) cover, i.e., to place the surface of a bottom area with top object, and so blanket the lower object (Pr 7:16+)

I. רבה (rbh): see 8049

II. רבה (rbh): see 8050

8049 I. רָבָה (rā·ḇā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7235; TWOT 2103—1. LN 59.62–59.71 (qal) be numerous, multiply, i.e., increase a number or quantity (Ge 1:22), note: in some contexts to increase a number has an associative meaning of increasing the status of an object; (piel) increase, make numerous (Jdg 9:29; Ps 44:13[EB 12]+); (hif) cause to increase, make numerous (Ge 17:2); 2. LN 35.51–35.52 (qal) thrive, formally, increase, i.e., be in a state of being cared for as a child or offspring as a figurative extension of increasing a quantity or mass (Job 39:4; Eze 16:7); (piel) rear offspring (La 2:22; Eze 19:2+); 3. LN 78.1–78.27 (qal) be great, be much, i.e., be of a relatively high scale of extent (1Sa 14:30; Job 33:12); (hif) make great (Ezr 10:13; Da 11:39); 4. LN 85.1–85.31 (qal) be distant, i.e., be in a space relatively far away from perspective of the speaker (Dt 14:24); 5. LN 67.118–67.135 (qal) be long, prolong, i.e., extend a duration of time (1Sa 7:2); 6. LN 68.11–68.21 (hif) continue on, keep on, i.e., have an activity or state continue or remain (1Sa 1:12), note: see also 2221, 2221.5

8050 II. רָבָה (rā·ḇā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7235; TWOT 2103—1. LN 15.215–15.221 (qal ptcp.) shooting, i.e., the action of hurling a flying object with a taut instrument (Ge 21:20+); 2. LN 44 unit: רָבָה קַשָּׁת (rā·ḇā(h) qǎš·šāṯ) archer, bowman, formally, shooting of the bowman, i.e., a hunter who shoots arrows with a bow (Ge 21:20+), see also 8227

8051 רַבָּה (rǎb·bā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7237;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rabbah: 1. town of the Ammonites, modern Amman in Jordan, (Dt 3:11; Jos 13:25; 2Sa 11:1; 12:26, 27, 29; 17:27; 1Ch 20:1; Jer 49:2, 3; Eze 21:25[EB 20]; 25:5; Am 1:14+) 2. town in the hill country of Judah, (Jos 15:60+); also part of a compound name, Greater Sidon, see 7478

רִבּוֹ (rib·bô) BDB: see 8052

8052 רִבּוֹא (rib·bô(ʾ)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7239; TWOT 2099e—1. LN 60.45 myriad, i.e., the number ten thousand, a number 100 times greater than one hundred (1Ch 29:7; Ezr 2:64, 69; Ne 7:66, 70[NIV 71],71[NIV 72]; Jnh 4:11+); 2. LN 60.1–60.9 countless, myriads, innumerable, i.e., a virtually countless number (Ps 68:18[EB 17]; Da 11:12; Hos 8:12 K+)

8053 רְבִיבִים (reḇî·ḇîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7241; TWOT 2099f—LN 14.10–14.14 watering rain, i.e., a gentle rain that properly waters the earth for growth (Dt 32:2; Ps 65:11[EB 10]; 72:6; Jer 3:3; 14:22; Mic 5:6[EB 7]+)

8054 רָבִיד (rā·ḇîḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7242; TWOT 2101a—1. LN 6.188–6.196 necklace, ornamental chain, i.e., metal made into links to form a flexible chain, for a man or woman (Ge 41:42; Eze 16:11+); 2. LN 6.188–6.196 festoon, i.e., an ornamental chain as a building decoration (2Ch 3:16+), note: for MT text in 2Ch, see 1808

8055 רְבִיעִי (reḇî·ʿî): number; ≡ Str 7243; TWOT 2107c—1. LN 60.51 fourth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number as the fourth in a set of time, space, or series (Ge 1:19); 2. LN 60.64 fourth-part, quarter, i.e., one-fourth fractional part of a thing, collection, or mass (Ex 29:40; Lev 23:13; Nu 15:4, 5; 28:5, 7, 14; Ne 9:3+); 3. LN 79.104–79.109 square, i.e., pertaining to the geometrical shape of an object with each side of equal length (Eze 48:20+), note: for Eze 48:20 cj, see 8068; note: for MT text in Jdg 14:15, see 8668; 4. LN 79.104–79.109 four-sided, i.e., pertaining to a quadrangular shape, possibly a rectangle or less likely a square (1Ki 6:33+); 5. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: בֵּן רְבִיעִי (bēn reḇî·ʿî) fourth generation, formally, sons of the fourth, i.e., a successive generation after the third generation (2Ki 10:30; 15:12+)

8056 רַבִּית (rǎb·bîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7245;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rabbith: town in Issachar (Jos 19:20+)

רבךְ (rbk): see 8057

8057 רָבַךְ (rā·ḇǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 7246; TWOT 2105—LN 63.9–63.12 (hof ptcp.) kneaded, well-mixed, i.e., pertaining to the action or state of combining ingredients into a united mass, as a common, daily activity (Lev 6:14[EB 21]; 7:12; 1Ch 23:29+), see also domain LN 46

8058 רִבְלָה (riḇ·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7247;—LN 93-place (loc.) Riblah: 1. town N of Israel, near the head waters of the Orontes River, (2Ki 23:33; 25:6, 20, 21; Jer 39:5, 6; 52:9, 10, 26, 27+), see also 1812 2. site on NE border of Canaan (Nu 34:11+)

8059 רַב מָג (rǎḇ māḡ): n.pr. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 7248; TWOT 1143—LN 37.48–37.95 (as a title) Rabmag, high official, i.e., a person of very high authority in a political or military setting (Jer 39:3, 13+), note: the exact function is not currently known

רַב־מָג (rǎḇ-·māḡ) BDB: see 8059

8060 רַב־סָרִיס (rǎḇ-·sā·rîs): n.pr. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 7249;—LN 93-pers. (as a title) Rab-Saris: a title of a commander (2Ki 18:17; Jer 39:3, 13+), note: some sources translate as common noun “chief officer;” see also 6247 and 8042; note: this is likely not a proper name of a person

I. רבע (rbʿ): see 8061

II. רבע (rbʿ): see 8062

8061 I. רָבַע (rā·ḇǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7250, 7252, 7254; TWOT 2108—1. LN 23.61–23.65 (qal) have sexual relations with, formally, lie down, i.e., engage in sexual intercourse (Lev 18:23; 20:16+); (hif impf.) mate, i.e., cause animals to breed (Lev 19:19+), note: in context, “cross-breed”; 2. LN 23.78–23.87 rest, formally, lie down, i.e., to not engage in physical exertion, and so rest or possibly sleep, often in a horizontal position (Ps 139:3+)

8062 II. רָבַע (rā·ḇǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7251; TWOT 2107—LN 79.104–79.109 (qal pass. ptcp.) be squared, i.e., pertaining to having four corners, as the feature of an object (Ex 27:1; 28:16; 30:2; 37:25; 38:1; 39:9; 1Ki 7:5; Eze 41:21; 43:16+); (pual ptcp.) (1Ki 7:31; Eze 40:47; 45:2+), note: in some contexts this is a geometric square, others likely a geometric rectangle

8063 I. רֶבַע (rě·ḇǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7253; TWOT 2107a—1. LN 60.64 fourth-part, quarter, i.e., one-fourth fractional part of a thing, collection, or mass (Ex 29:40; 1Sa 9:8+); 2. LN 82 direction, formally, side, i.e., a linear, spatial orientation which perpendicular to another direction (Eze 1:17; 10:11+); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 side, i.e., the part of a creatures body not front or back, but on the side position (Eze 1:8+); 4. LN 79.104–79.109 unit: אֶל אַרְבַּע רֶבַע (ʾěl ʾǎr·bǎʿ rě·ḇǎʿ)1 square, i.e., pertaining to the geometrical shape of an object with each side of equal length (Eze 43:16, 17+)

8064 II. רֶבַע (rě·ḇǎʿ): n.pr. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 7254;—LN 93-pers. (male) Reba: king of Midian (Nu 31:8; Jos 13:21+)

8065 I. רֹבַע (rō·ḇǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7255; TWOT 2107b—LN 60.64 fourth-part, quarter, i.e., one-fourth fractional part of a thing, collection, or mass (Nu 23:10; 2Ki 6:25+), note: for another interp in Nu, see 8066

8066 II. רֹבַע (rō·ḇǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7255; TWOT 2107b—LN 2.14–2.28 particles, i.e., fine grains or particles of dust or sand (Nu 23:10+), note: for another interp, see 8065; note: some translate as “rubbish” as apparently a pejorative term; note: context is served by a meaning of “sand” or “dust”

8067 רִבֵּעַ (rib·bēaʿ): adj. [see also 8067.5]; ≡ Str 7256; TWOT 2107d—LN 60.51 KB, Lisowsky, BDB fourth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number as the fourth in a set of time, space, or series (Ex 20:5; 34:7; Nu 14:18; Dt 5:9+), note: for another parsing, see 8067.5

רִבֵּעַ (rib·bēaʿ): n.[masc.] [served by 8067]; ≡ Str 7256; TWOT 2107d—LN 10.14–10.48 Holladay, NIV fourth generation, i.e., a member of the fourth generation, i.e., the normal upper limit of a generation that an ancestor may see in his lifetime (Ex 20:5; 34:7; Nu 14:18; Dt 5:9+), note: for another parsing, see 8067

8068 רְבֻעַת (reḇǔ·ʿǎṯ): n.[fem.]—see 8055 (Eze 48:20 cj+)

רבץ (rbṣ): see 8069

8069 רָבַץ (rā·ḇǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 7257; TWOT 2109—1. LN 17.26–17.28 (qal) lie down, i.e., be in lying or reclining position (Ge 29:2; 49:14; Ex 23:5; Nu 22:27; Job 11:19; Ps 104:22; Isa 11:6, 7; 13:21; 14:30; 17:2; 27:10; Eze 19:2; 29:3; 34:14; Zep 2:7, 14; 3:13+); 2. LN 23.78–23.87 (hif) cause to rest, make lie down (Ps 23:2; SS 1:7; Isa 13:20; Jer 33:12; Eze 34:15+); 3. LN 17.26–17.28 (qal) crouch, i.e., be in a lying position, resting but ready for action (Ge 4:7; 49:9+); 4. LN 17.12–17.18 (qal) sit, formally, lie down, i.e., be in a seated position over an object (Dt 22:6+); 5. LN 85.1–85.31 (qal) lie down, be put or placed in a location (Ge 49:25; Dt 33:13+); 6. LN 85.32–85.54 (hif) place, put, i.e., make an object lay in a place (Isa 54:11+); 7. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) happen, formally, fall or lie, i.e., have an event happen as a figurative extension of an object lying upon another object (Dt 29:19[EB 20]+)

8070 רֵבֶץ (rē·ḇěṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7258; TWOT 2109a—1. LN 85.67–85.85 haunt, i.e., resting place or shelter place of an animal or flock (Isa 35:7; 65:10; Jer 50:6+); 2. LN 85.67–85.85 dwelling place, home, i.e., a space in which one normally lives, with a possible focus on this place as a resting-place (Pr 24:15+)

8071 רִבְקָה (riḇ·qā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7259;—LN 93-pers. (female) Rebekah: wife of Isaac, mother of Esau and Jacob (Ge 22:23; 24:15–27:46 passim; 28:5; 29:12; 35:8; 49:31+), see also DBLGrk 4831

8072 רַב־שָׁקֵה (rǎḇ-·šā·qē(h)): n.pr. [oth n.pr.masc.]; ≡ Str 7262;—LN 55.14–55.22 (as a title) Rab-Shakeh (field commander NIV): (2Ki 18:17–19:8 passim; Isa 36:2–37:8 passim+), note: NIV, NJB, NEB, REB, NAB, translate as an officer title; the other versions transliterate as if a name of a person, cf. “pharaoh” as title referring to a person

רַב־שָׁקֶה (rǎḇ-·šā·qě(h)) BDB: see 8072

רַבַּת (rǎb·bǎṯ): see 8041

8073 רֶגֶב (rě·ḡěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7263; TWOT 2111a—1. LN 2.14–2.28 clod, lump, i.e., a ball or clump of dirt as a unit (Job 38:38+); 2. LN 2.14–2.28 soil, dirt, i.e., an upper layer of earth which can be cultivated (Job 21:33+)

רגז (rgz): see 8074

8074 רָגַז (rā·ḡǎz): v.; ≡ Str 7264; TWOT 2112—1. LN 16 (qal) quake, shake, tremble, i.e., make a non-linear motion of a normally stable object (1Sa 14:15; 2Sa 22:8; Ps 18:8[EB 7]; 77:17[EB 16],19[EB 18]; 99:1; Pr 30:21; Isa 5:25; Joel 2:10+); (hif) cause to shake, make tremble (Job 9:6; Isa 13:13; 14:16; 23:11; Hab 3:16b+), note: in some contexts this may refer to fear or anxiety; 2. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) be in anguish, i.e., be in an emotional distress or turbulence, as a figurative extension of shaking an object (Ex 15:14; Dt 2:25; 2Sa 7:10; 19:1[EB 18:33]; 1Ch 17:9; Isa 14:9; 28:21; 32:10, 11; 64:1[EB 2]; Joel 2:1; Am 8:8; Mic 7:17; Hab 3:7+); (hif) agitate, cause a disturbance (1Sa 28:15; Jer 50:34+), note: in context the response to this agitation may by anger or displeasure; 3. LN 88.171–88.191 (qal) be angry, i.e., be in a state of intense displeasure, as a figurative extension of shaking or trembling as a bodily response to being in an angry state (Ge 45:24; Ps 4:5[EB 4]; Pr 29:9; Eze 16:43+); (hif) provoke to anger (Job 12:6+); (hitp) enrage oneself (2Ki 19:27, 28; Isa 37:28, 29+); 4. LN 25.206–25.222 (qal) be astonished, i.e., feel a state of unexpected wonder and surprise (Jer 33:9+); 5. LN 16 (qal) pound, beat, i.e., the non-linear motion of the heart, as a figurative extension of an object shaking or trembling (Hab 3:16a+)

8075 רֹגֶז (rō·ḡěz): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7267; TWOT 2112a—1. LN 22.1–22.14 turmoil, tumult, i.e., a state of trouble and hardship (Job 3:17, 26; 14:1; Isa 14:3+); 2. LN 68.79–68.82 excitement, i.e., a state which has and expends great, sudden energy (Job 39:24+); 3. LN 14.74–14.86 roar of thunder, i.e., a very loud sound in weather that has lightning (Job 37:2+); 4. LN 88.171–88.191 anger, wrath, i.e., a state or condition of intense displeasure with an object, implying an action of anger will accompany (Hab 3:2+)

8076 רַגָּז (rǎg·gāz): adj.; ≡ Str 7268; TWOT 2112c—LN 25.223–25.250 anxious, agitated, i.e., pertaining to a condition of worry and distress (Dt 28:65+)

8077 רָגְזָה (rāḡ·zā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7269; TWOT 2112b—LN 16 shuddering, agitation, i.e., a non-linear movement of the body as an involuntary reaction to great fear, despair, or anxiety, as a figurative extension of physical shuddering (Eze 12:18+)

רגל (rgl): see 8078

8078 רָגַל (rā·ḡǎl): v.; ≡ Str 7270, 8637; TWOT 2113—1. LN 27.34–27.47 (piel) explore, spy, i.e., go out on foot to gain information, in a more or less covert manner (Ge 42:30; Nu 21:32; Dt 1:24; Jos 6:22, 25; 7:2; 14:7; Jdg 18:2, 14, 17; 2Sa 10:3; 1Ch 19:3+); 2. LN 33.387–33.403 (qal) slander, i.e., speak words which harm the reputation of another (Ps 15:3+); (piel) slander (2Sa 19:28[EB 27]+); 3. LN 35.51–35.52 (tifil) teach to walk, i.e., teach a child to make linear motion, as one of the features of raising or rearing a child (Hos 11:3+), note: for piel as noun, see 5273.5

8079 רֶגֶל (rě·ḡěl): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7272; TWOT 2113a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 foot, i.e., a part of the body (Ex 4:25); 2. LN 85.1–85.31 set foot, i.e., a state or condition of being in a place (Pr 25:17); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 legs, i.e., the extensions from the trunk of the body that touch the ground, including the feet (Lev 11:23; 1Sa 17:6; Isa 7:20; Eze 1:7); 4. LN 8.9–8.69 big toe, i.e., the largest toe on the foot (Jdg 1:6, 7); 5. LN 8.9–8.69 ankle, i.e., the area just above or joining the foot (Isa 3:16); 6. LN 8.9–8.69 genitals (Ex 4:25; Isa 6:2; 7:20; Eze 16:25+), note: others sources see a body part of legs or feet in some contexts; 7. LN 15.224–15.229 footstep, i.e., the distance between two feet which constitutes the pace one travels (Ge 33:14; 1Ki 14:6; 2Ki 6:32; Job 18:11; Ps 119:59; Ecc 4:17[EB 5:1]); 8. LN 6.106–6.117 table legs, i.e., the extensions that reach to the ground on a table (Ex 25:26; 37:13); 9. LN 60.75–60.78 times, i.e., a multiple of something (Ex 23:14; Nu 22:28, 32, 33); 10. LN 42.7–42.28 action, service, i.e., the doing or acting of work or service (Isa 41:2); 11. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: כַּף רֶגֶל (kǎp̄ rě·ḡěl) sole of the foot, i.e., the flat, bottom part of the foot (Dt 2:5); 12. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: בַּיִן רֶגֶל (bǎ·yin rě·ḡěl) womb, uterus, formally, between the feet, i.e., the female body part for gestation of a fetus (Dt 28:57); 13. LN 67.78–67.117 unit: קַל בְּ־ רֶגֶל (qǎl b- rě·ḡěl) fleet-footed, formally, swift of foot, i.e., pertaining to an object that can move from one place to another in a relatively brief period of time, with a focus on movement over land on the feet (2Sa 2:18; Am 2:15+); 14. LN 15.18–15.26 unit: נָשָׂא (nā·śā(ʾ)) … רֶגֶל (rě·ḡěl) continue on a journey, formally, lift the foot, i.e., continue on moving a considerable distance (Ge 29:1); 15. LN 83.5–83.8 unit: לְ־ רֶגֶל (l- rě·ḡěl) wherever, somewhere, i.e., an indefinite position in space (Ge 30:30); 16. LN 15.144–15.145 unit: בְּ־ רֶגֶל (b- rě·ḡěl) follow, formally, after the feet, i.e., go behind or after someone (Ex 11:8; Jdg 4:10; 5:15; 1Sa 25:27; 2Sa 15:16, 17); 17. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: מִן מַעַל לְ־ רֶגֶל (min mǎ·ʿǎl l- rě·ḡěl) jointed, formally, from the top to the foot, i.e., pertaining to a joint which moves (Lev 11:21); 18. LN 57.1–57.21 unit: בְּ־ רֶגֶל (b- rě·ḡěl) possession, i.e., that which belongs to one in ownership (Dt 11:6); 19. LN 17.1–17.11 unit: מַצָּב רֶגֶל (mǎṣ·ṣāḇ rě·ḡěl) standing place, formally, place of the feet (Jos 4:3, 9+); 20. LN 23 unit: סָכַךְ אֵת רֶגֶל (sā·ḵǎḵ ʾēṯ rě·ḡěl) relieve oneself, formally, cover the feet, i.e., the act. of removing bodily waste from the body as a normal function of elimination (Jdg 3:24; 1Sa 24:4+); 21. LN 68.79–68.82 unit: אוּץ בְּ־ רֶגֶל (ʾûṣ b- rě·ḡěl) be hasty, i.e., to do something rapidly or suddenly, implying lack of thought or planning (Pr 19:2+); 22. LN 68.79–68.82 unit: שָׁלַח רֶגֶל (šā·lǎḥ rě·ḡěl) rush, hurry, i.e., to do something rapidly or suddenly (Jdg 5:15+); 23. LN 44 unit: שָׁלַח רֶגֶל (šā·lǎḥ rě·ḡěl) range free, i.e., to have animals in open areas without real close attention (Isa 32:20+); 24. LN 8.70–8.77 unit: מַיִם רֶגֶל (mǎ·yim rě·ḡěl) urine, formally, water of the feet, i.e., the fluid waste-product of the body (2Ki 18:27 Q; Isa 36:12 Q+); 25. LN 6.106–6.117 unit: הֲדֹם רֶגֶל (hǎḏōm rě·ḡěl) footstool, i.e., a piece of furniture which the foot rests on (1Ch 28:2; Ps 99:5; 110:1; 132:7; Isa 66:1; La 2:1+)

8080 רֹגֵל (rō·ḡēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5883;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rogel: part of a compound name, En Rogel, see 6537

8081 רַגְלִי (rǎḡ·lî): adj. [see also 8081.5]; ≡ Str 7273; TWOT 2113b—LN 8.50 on foot, i.e., pertaining to not riding as a feature of a person (Ex 12:37; Nu 11:21+), note: for another MT text in 2Sa 10:18, see 7305

רַגְלִי (rǎḡ·lî): n.masc. [served by 8081]; ≡ Str 7273; TWOT 2113b—1. LN 55.14–55.22 infantry, i.e., a foot soldier who fights on his feet and not riding (Jdg 20:2; 1Sa 4:10; 15:4; 2Sa 8:4; 10:6; 1Ki 20:29; 2Ki 13:7; 1Ch 18:4; 19:18+); 2. LN 15.230–15.237 runner, man on foot, i.e., a person who is not riding but moving quickly (Jer 12:5+)

8082 רֹגְלִים (rō·ḡelîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7274;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rogelim: town in Gilead, (2Sa 17:27; 19:32[EB 31]+)

רגם (rgm): see 8083

8083 רָגַם (rā·ḡǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7275; TWOT 2114—LN 20.61–20.88 (qal) stone, i.e., to execute by hurling large stones (Lev 20:2, 27; 24:14, 16,23; Nu 14:10; 15:35, 36; Dt 21:21; Jos 7:25; 1Ki 12:18; 2Ch 10:18; 24:21; Eze 16:40; 23:47+), see also domain LN 15.215–15.221

8084 רֶגֶם (rě·ḡěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7276;—LN 93-pers. (male) Regem: of Caleb (1Ch 2:47+); also part of a compound name, Regem-Melech, see 8085

8085 רֶגֶם מֶלֶךְ (rě·ḡěm mě·lěḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7278;—LN 93-pers. (male) Regem-Melech: of Bethel, one entreating the priests of the Lord (Zec 7:2+), note: his name possibly suggests he was a Babylonian proselyte

8086 רִגְמָה (riḡ·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7277; TWOT 2114a—LN 11.1–11.11 great throng, crowd, multitude, i.e., a group of persons assembled together (Ps 68:28[EB 27]+)

רגן (rgn): see 8087

8087 רָגַן (rā·ḡǎn): v. [see also 5947.5]; ≡ Str 5372, 7279; TWOT 2115—LN 33.382–33.386 (qal) complain, grumble, i.e., to express discontent in low tones (Isa 29:24+); (nif) be grumbling (Dt 1:27; Ps 106:25+), note: for nif ptcp. as a noun, see 5947.5

רגע (rgʿ): see 8088, 8089, 8090

8088 I. רָגַע (rā·ḡǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7280; TWOT 2116, 2117, 2118—1. LN 16 (qal) stir up, churn up, i.e., cause a non-linear movement, swirling or shaking motion of a mass (Job 26:12; Isa 51:15; Jer 31:35+); 2. LN 68.79–68.82 (hif) do something in an instant, do in a moment, happen speedily, i.e., do something in a hurried manner so that a relatively brief amount of time passes (Pr 12:19; Isa 51:4; Jer 49:19; 50:44+), note: in some contexts there is an associative meaning of great energy or power being exerted

8089 II. רָגַע (rā·ḡǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7280; TWOT 2116—1. LN 68.34–68.57 (nif) cease, i.e., have an activity or event stop (Jer 47:6+); 2. LN 22.42–22.47 (hif) find repose, bring rest, i.e., be in a state of favorable circumstance, as a figurative extension of physical resting (Dt 28:65; Jer 31:2; 50:34+); 3. LN 23.78–23.87 (hif) find rest, i.e., be in a state of physical renewal by being inactive or sleeping (Isa 34:14+)

8090 III. רָגַע (rā·ḡǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7280; TWOT 2116—LN 23.142–23.184 (qal pf.) harden, crust over, i.e., to have a wound or epidermal eruption on the skin dry out and be no longer pliable, implying that it will break open (Job 7:5+)

8091 רָגֵעַ (rā·ḡēaʿ): adj.; ≡ Str 7282; TWOT 2117a—LN 88.102–88.104 quiet, resting, reposing, i.e., pertaining to persons who live a moral, peaceful behavior (Ps 35:20+)

8092 רֶגַע (rě·ḡǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7281; TWOT 2116a—1. LN 67.142–67.162 moment, instant, flash, i.e., a very brief period of time (Ex 33:5; Nu 16:21; 17:10[EB 16:45]; Job 20:5; 34:20; Ps 6:11[EB 10]; 30:6[EB 5]; 73:19; Isa 47:9; 54:8; Jer 4:20; La 4:6+), note: some of these references may be adverbs; 2. LN 67.142–67.162 little while, i.e., a brief, indefinite period of time (Ezr 9:8; Isa 26:20; 54:7; Jer 18:7, 9+); 3. LN 67.78–67.117 continually, at every moment, constantly, i.e., a duration of time without limits, either as points of time or continual (Job 7:18; Isa 27:3; Eze 26:16; 32:10+); 4. LN 22.42–22.47 peace, tranquility, i.e., a state of favorable calm and quietness (Job 21:13+)

רגשׁ (rgš): see 8093

8093 רָגַשׁ (rā·ḡǎš): v.; ≡ Str 7283; TWOT 2119—LN 39.34–39.41 (qal pf.) be in rebellion, formally, be restless, i.e., conspire to be in open defiance of a king at a coronation, implying tumult and disorderly conduct in the act. of attempting the overthrow of government (Ps 2:1+)

8094 רֶגֶשׁ (rě·ḡěš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7285; TWOT 2119a, 2119b—LN 11.1–11.11 throng, crowd, i.e., a group of persons, with possibly focus on the group as active and lively as it moves along, implying a joyful group (Ps 55:15[EB 14]+)

8095 רִגְשָׁה (riḡ·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7285; TWOT 2119a—LN 11.1–11.11 noisy crowd, tumultuous throng, i.e., a group of persons, with a possible focus of being a noisy, disorderly group (Ps 64:3[EB 2]+)

רדד (rdd): see 8096

8096 רָדַד (rā·ḏǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 7286; TWOT 2120—1. LN 39.52–39.61 (qal) subdue, formally, beat down, i.e., conquer another and by implication oppress them (Ps 144:2; Isa 45:1+), note: Isa 41:2, see 8097; 2. LN 19.1–19.13 (hif impf.) hammer out flat, i.e., strike a relatively thick object, beating it until it is thin and flat (1Ki 6:32+)

I. רדה (rdh): see 8097

II. רדה (rdh): see 8098

8097 I. רָדָה (rā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7287; TWOT 2121, 2122—1. LN 37.48–37.95 (qal) rule over, dominate, direct, lead, control, subdue, i.e., manage or govern an entity, people or government with considerable or forceful authority (Ge 1:26, 28; Lev 25:43, 46, 53; 26:17; Nu 24:19; 1Ki 5:4[EB 4:24],30[EB 16]; 9:23; 2Ch 8:10; Ne 9:28; Ps 49:15[EB 14]; 68:28[EB 27]; 72:8; 110:2; Isa 14:2, 6; Jer 5:31; Eze 29:15; 34:4+), note: in some contexts the object being controlled is formerly hostile; (hif) subdue, cause to dominate (Isa 41:2+); 2. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) trample, i.e., make a pressing motion on an object (Joel 4:13[EB 3:13]+), note: for another interp in Jer 5:31, see 8098

8098 II. רָדָה (rā·ḏā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7287; TWOT 2121—1. LN 19.55 (qal) scoop out, scrape out, i.e., dig or hollow a mass out of a container with a unique feature of holding the mass scooped (Jdg 14:9+); 2. LN 37.35–37.47 be autocratic, formally, grasp or take into one’s own hands, i.e., have self-determined authority (Jer 5:31+), note: for another interp, see 8097

8099 רַדַּי (rǎd·dǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7288;—LN 93-pers. (male) Raddai: brother of David (1Ch 2:14+)

8100 רְדִיד (reḏîḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7289; TWOT 2120a—LN 6.152–6.187 wrap, cloak, shawl, stole, i.e., a piece of clothing, possibly for summer wear (SS 5:7; Isa 3:23+), note: in context, a woman’s clothing piece

רדם (rdm): see 8101

8101 רָדַם (rā·ḏǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7290; TWOT 2123—1. LN 23.66–23.77 (nif) be in a heavy or deep sleep, i.e., be in a state of sleep which has little or no activity or awareness to surrounding situations (Jdg 4:21; Pr 10:5; Da 8:18; 10:9; Jnh 1:5, 6+), note: there may be snoring or heavy breathing noises as a feature of the sleep; 2. LN 42.41–42.50 (nif) lie still, be inactive, i.e., be in a place and not move in any way, as a figurative extension of being in a heavy sleep state (Ps 76:7[EB 6]+), note: this refers in context to the state of death

8102 רֹדָן (rō·ḏān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1721;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Rodanim: of Noah, people from the grandson of Japheth through Rodan, living on Rhodes (1Ch 1:7+), note: for the MT in Eze 27:15 see 1847; Ge 10:4 see 1849; see also 8114

רדף (rdp): see 8103

8103 רָדַף (rā·ḏǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 7291; TWOT 2124—1. LN 15.158–15.159 (qal) pursue, chase, i.e., make linear motion with considerable effort and focus (Ge 14:14, 15); (piel) pursue, chase (Pr 19:7; Hos 2:9[EB 7]; Na 1:8+); (pual) driven, be chased (Isa 17:13+); (hif) chase (Jdg 20:43+); 2. LN 39.45–39.46 (qal) persecute, i.e., to harass or systematically oppress another (Dt 30:7); (piel) persecute (Pr 13:21+); (nif) be hounded (La 5:5+); 3. LN 68.63–68.78 (qal) follow, strive after, devise, i.e., try to do something with considerable effort, intensity, and focus (Dt 16:20); (piel) strive, pursue (Pr 11:19; 12:11; 15:9; 28:19+); 4. LN 67.78–67.117 (nif) pass. away, i.e., pertaining to marking the passage of time (Ecc 3:15+)

רהב (rhb): see 8104

8104 רָהַב (rā·hǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7292; TWOT 2125—1. LN 39.1–39.12 (qal) press one’s plea, i.e., be in a state of contention with an opponent or class or persons, with a focus on a verbal or legal strife (Pr 6:3; Isa 3:5+); 2. LN 25.206–25.222 (hif) overwhelm, i.e., be in a state of wonder or have a feeling of astonishment, as an extension of being in a confused or upset state of contention (SS 6:5+); 3. LN 25.156–25.166 (hif) make bold, i.e., cause another to have internal courage or boldness (Ps 138:3+)

8105 רַהַב (rǎ·hǎḇ): n.pr.masc.; ≡ Str 7293, 7294; TWOT 2125c—LN 93-pers. Rahab: sea monster (Job 9:13; 26:12; Ps 89:11[EB 10]; Isa 51:9+), note: some sources translate as a common noun, “afflictor,” or “arrogant”; note: Ps 40:5[EB 4], see 8107; see also domain LN 12.1–12.42

רַהַב (rǎ·hǎḇ): n.pr.masc.; ≡ Str 7293, 7294;—LN 93-place Rahab: name for the land of Egypt (Isa 30:7; Ps 87:4+), note: some sources translate as a common noun, “afflictor,” or “arrogant”

8106 רֹהַב (rō·hǎḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7296; TWOT 2125b—1. LN 88.206–88.222 pretentious pride, i.e., a false haughtiness without basis (Ps 90:10+); note: for NIV text, see 8145; note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 88.93–88.99 hurrying, frenzied activity, i.e., rapid movement without purpose and so be senseless behavior (Ps 90:10+), see also domain LN 68.79–68.82

8107 רָהָב (rā·hāḇ): adj. [BDB]; ≡ Str 7295; TWOT 2125a—1. LN 6.96–6.101 idol, i.e., an artifact of a false god which is an object of worship, as a figurative extension of “haughty” (or possibly “affliction”) as a pejorative term for an idol (Ps 40:5[EB 4]+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 88.206–88.222 proud, defiant, i.e., pertaining to persons that have moral haughtiness and self-will, and so refuse to submit to authority (Ps 40:5[EB 4]+), note: for another interp, see 8105; note: in context, “idol” is the better meaning

8108 רָהְגָּה (rāh·gā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7303;—LN 93-pers. (male) (most versions) Q Rohgah: of Asher (1Ch 7:34+), note: for K see 8117, BHS ftn

רהה (rhh): see 8109

8109 רָהָה (rā·hā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7297; TWOT 2126—LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) be afraid (Isa 44:8+), note: for another parsing, see 3724

רַהַט (rǎ·hǎṭ) Lisowsky: see 8110, 8111

8110 I. רַהַט (rǎ·hǎṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7298; TWOT 2127a, 2128a—LN 44 watering trough, i.e., large open containers for watering livestock (Ge 30:38, 41; Ex 2:16; SS 7:6[EB 5]+), note: for another interp in SS, see 8111

8111 II. רַהַט (rǎ·hǎṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7298; TWOT 2127a—LN 8.9–8.69 tress of hair, i.e., a long, unbound lock of hair (SS 7:6[EB 5]+), note: for another interp, see 8110

8112 רָהִיט (rā·hîṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7351; TWOT 2128b—LN 7.77–7.79 (coll.) rafters, i.e., parallel beams that support a roof of a house (SS 1:17 Q+)

רוֹב (rôḇ): see 8044 (1Ch 4:38; 2Ch 31:10; Job 33:19+)

רוּב (rûḇ) BDB: see 8189

רוד (rwd): see 8113

8113 רוּד (rûḏ): v.; ≡ Str 7300; TWOT 2129—1. LN 34.40–34.41 (qal) disassociate, formally, roam, be in a state of no longer being in an association, as a figurative extension of roaming or wandering about in linear motion (Jer 2:31; Hos 12:1[EB 11:12]+), see also domain LN 15; (hif) start to roam (Ge 27:40+); 2. LN 25.223–25.250 (hif) be troubled, formally, be caused to roam, i.e., have feelings of anxiety or distress as a figurative extension of being driven or caused to flee in linear motion (Ps 55:3[EB 2]+)

8114 רוֹדָנִים (rô·ḏā·nîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1721;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Rhodians: pertaining to Rodan (1Ch 1:7 K+), see also 8102; note: some MSS change text to 1849

רוה (rwh): see 8115

8115 רָוָה (rā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7301; TWOT 2130—1. LN 90.56–90.84 (qal) fully experience, formally, drink to the fill, i.e., have an experience to a full extent, as a figurative extension of drinking a drink to satisfaction (Ps 36:9[EB 8]; Pr 7:18; Jer 46:10+), note: this can be a positive or negative experience in a given context; (piel) fully experience (Pr 5:19; Isa 34:5; Jer 31:14+); 2. LN 14.17–14.35 (piel) drench, i.e., have rain or liquid in a healthy abundance (Ps 65:11[EB 10]; Isa 16:9; Isa 34:7+), see also domain LN 14.10–14.14; (hif) water, cause to drench (Isa 55:10+); 3. LN 59.48–59.61 (hif) lavish upon, i.e., give an abundance of objects or mass to someone, with a focus that the person is then satisfied, as a figurative extension of raining profusely or drenching an object (Pr 11:25; Isa 43:24; La 3:15+); 4. LN 23.78–23.87 (hif) refresh, i.e., cause one to rest and be renewed from a tired, worn out person (Jer 31:25+)

8116 רָוֶה (rā·wě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 7302; TWOT 2130b—1. LN 79.78–79.83 well-watered, drenched, i.e., pertaining to being moist and so green and healthy plants in the land (Dt 29:18[EB 19]; Isa 58:11; Jer 31:12+); 2. LN 78.1–78.27 engulfed, drenched, i.e., pertaining to a great degree of a state or condition as a figurative extension of drowning by being drenched with water to the point of peril (Job 10:15+), note: for MT text in Job 10:15, see 8013

רוהגה (rwhgh) BDB: see 8117

8117 רוֹהֲגָה (rô·hǎḡā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7303;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rohagah: of Asher, (1Ch 7:34 K+), note: most versions see 8108

רוח (rwḥ): see 8118

8118 רָוַח (rā·wǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7304; TWOT 2132—1. LN 22.35–22.37 (qal) feel relief, find assuagement, i.e., to alleviate feelings of distress and burden (1Sa 16:23; Job 32:20+); 2. LN 81.15–81.19 (pual ptcp.) be spacious, i.e., pertaining to being broad and relatively vast as an indefinite space (Jer 22:14+), note: for hif “to smell,” see 8193

8119 רֶוַח (rě·wǎḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7305; TWOT 2132a—1. LN 22.35–22.37 relief, i.e., a state or condition which has alleviation from trouble and burdens (Est 4:14+); 2. LN 81.15–81.19 space, i.e., a large open area, indefinite, but large enough to clearly separate two distinct groups (Ge 32:17[EB 16]+)

8120 רוּחַ (rûaḥ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7307; TWOT 2131a—1. LN 12.1–12.42 Spirit, i.e., the divine Power of God, which can be grieved, closely identified with the LORD himself (Ps 106:33; Isa 63:10); 2. LN 26 spirit, mind, heart, i.e., the psychological faculty which can respond to God (2Ch 36:22); 3. LN 23.185–23.187 breath, i.e., unit of air that comes from the lungs, as a normal sign of animate life, with an associative meaning of causation of an event (Ge 6:17); 4. LN 14.4–14.9 wind, i.e., air in rapid movement, as a normal weather condition (Ge 8:1), note: in some contexts “wind” has an associative meaning of not having substance and so a vanity or emptiness; 5. LN 79.104–79.109 side, i.e., an area at the side of an object (1Ch 9:24; Jer 52:23; Eze 42:16, 17, 18, 19, 20); 6. LN 25.156–25.166 courage, i.e., a state of confidence in the face of danger or trouble (Jos 2:11; 5:1); 7. LN 88.167–88.170 resentment, anger, i.e., a state of moderate displeasure over a situation or person (Jdg 8:3); 8. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: אָסַף רוּחַ (ʾā·sǎp̄ rûaḥ) die, formally, take away their breath (Ps 104:29); 9. LN 25.167–25.178 unit: אָרֵךְ רוּחַ (ʾā·rēḵ rûaḥ) patience (Ecc 7:8+); 10. LN 88.51–88.58 unit: בָּצַר רוּחַ (bā·ṣǎr rûaḥ) humble, formally, cuts off the spirit, i.e., brings one of a high status to a low status (Ps 76:13[EB 12]+), see also domain LN 87.58–87.75; 11. LN 32.42–32.61 unit: דַּעַת רוּחַ (dǎ·ʿǎṯ rûaḥ) foolish notion, vain thought, formally, knowledge of wind (Job 15:2); 12. LN 33.26–33.34 unit: דָּבָר רוּחַ (dā·ḇār rûaḥ) long-winded speech, formally, words of mere breath, i.e., make a formal argumentation which goes on for a long time, and so implied to be disdained by the hearer (Job 16:3+); 13. LN 87.4–87.18 unit: הָיָה עוֹד בְּ־ רוּחַ (hā·yā(h) ʿôḏ b- rûaḥ) be overwhelmed, i.e., to be impressed with a situation or person and so give honor (2Ch 9:4); 14. LN 88.83–88.92 unit: מַעְצָר לְ־ רוּחַ (mǎʿ·ṣār l- rûaḥ) self-control, formally, restraint of the spirit, i.e., the exercising of control over the desires and actions of the self (Pr 25:28+); 15. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: קֹצֶר רוּחַ (qō·ṣěr rûaḥ) discouragement, despondency, formally, lack of spirit, i.e., the state or condition of lacking hope and so feeling mental fatigue to be motivated (Ex 6:9+); 16. LN 88.171–88.191 unit: קָצֵר רוּחַ (qā·ṣēr rûaḥ) quick-tempered, hot-tempered, i.e., pertaining to being angry with relatively little provocation (Pr 14:29+); 17. LN 25.223–25.250 unit: קָשֶׁה רוּחַ (qā·šě(h) rûaḥ) deeply troubled, formally, hard of spirit, i.e., to be experiencing distress, worry, anxiety (1Sa 1:15+); 18. LN 88.93–88.99 unit: קַר רוּחַ (qǎr rûaḥ) even-tempered, cool-headed, formally, cool of spirit, i.e., pertaining to sensible, restrained behavior even under difficult circumstance (Pr 17:27+ K+), note: for Q see 3701; 19. LN 12.39 unit: רוּחַ הַ־ טֻמְאָה (rûaḥ hǎ- ṭǔm·ʾā(h)) demon, formally, spirit of uncleanness, i.e., a false entity which communicates messages to false prophets (Zec 13:2), note: NIV translates “spirit of impurity” so implying as an attitude of sin and rebellion; 20. LN 25.223–25.250 unit: רוּחַ נָכֵא (rûaḥ nā·ḵē(ʾ)) hopeless state, formally, crushed of spirit, i.e., a condition where one is in an utter state of distress and so without hope, as a figurative extension of the pressing or crushing of an object (Pr 15:13; 17:22; 18:14+); 21. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: רוּחַ רַע (rûaḥ rǎʿ)1 evil spirit (1Sa 16:14); 22. LN 23.78–23.87 unit: שׁוּב רוּחַ (šûḇ rûaḥ) revive, i.e., be physically refreshed from a tired state (1Sa 30:12)

8121 רְוָחָה (rewā·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7309; TWOT 2132b—LN 22.35–22.37 relief, i.e., a state or condition which has respite from trouble and burdens (Ex 8:11[EB 15]; La 3:56+)

8122 רְוָיָה (rewā·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7310; TWOT 2130c—1. LN 22.35–22.37 relief, formally, place of abundance, i.e., a state or condition of alleviation of trouble or burdensome circumstance as a figurative extension of a location or land that provides abundance (Ps 66:12+); 2. LN 14.17–14.35 overflowing, i.e., to run out a mass of fluid over a container (Ps 23:5+), note: a reference to having more than enough of something, see also domain LN 59.48–59.61

רום (rwm): see 8123

8123 I. רוּם (rûm): v.; ≡ Str 7311; TWOT 2133—1. LN 81.3–81.11 (qal) be high, raise up, lift up, i.e., have an object be in a higher elevation, either as an extension from a source, or independent of a source (Ge 7:17; Job 22:12; Isa 49:11), note: a hand lifted high can refer to being ready to take a forceful action, signal triumph, or signal a request for help; or, referring to an object being in a safe position; (polel) lift high (Ps 107:25; 118:16; Eze 31:4+); (hif) cause to lift up (Ex 14:16); 2. LN 87.19–87.57 (qal) be exalted, be great, have triumph, honor, i.e., have elevation of status (Nu 24:7); (polel) exalt, lift high, let triumph (Ex 15:2; 1Sa 2:7; 2Sa 22:49; Job 17:4; Ps 18:49[EB 48]; 30:2[EB 1]; 34:4[EB 3]; 37:34; 99:5, 9; 107:32; 118:28; 145:1; Pr 4:8; 14:34; Isa 25:1; Hos 11:7+); (polal) be exalted, be lifted up (Ne 9:5+); (hif) exalt (1Ch 25:5); 3. LN 39.34–39.41 (qal) rise in rebellion, i.e., be in open defiance to authority (Ps 66:7); (hif) raise up against, rebel (1Ki 11:26); 4. LN 88.206–88.222 (qal) be proud, haughty, formally, be lifted up, i.e., be in a state of improper pride, exalting oneself to an improper status, implying stubbornness and arrogance (Dt 8:14; Ps 131:1; 140:9[EB 8]; Pr 30:13); 5. LN 42.7–42.28 (qal) take action, formally, rise, i.e., do or perform a task or function, as an extension of rising up from a lying down position, so be in a position of action (Isa 30:18); 6. LN 59.62–59.71 (qal) increased, become more, i.e., expand in the extent or instances of and activity or state (1Sa 2:1); (polal) increased, become more (Ps 75:11+), note: in context, greater in power; 7. LN 35.51–35.52 (polel) rear, bring up, raise offspring, i.e., give care and concern as a parent (attending needs and training), bringing a child to maturity (Isa 1:2; 23:4+); 8. LN 45 (hif) set up, construct, reconstruct, i.e., set up, build, or repair by rebuilding a construction, as a figurative extension of raising up an object (Ge 31:45; Job 39:27); (polel) construct, reconstruct (Ezr 9:9+); 9. LN 53.16–53.27 (hif) present an offering, formally, lift up, i.e., offer up an object as a votive or sacrifice (Lev 22:15); (hof) be presented (Ex 29:27+); 10. LN 15.187–15.211 (hif) take away, i.e., remove and object and take to another place (Lev 4:8); (hof) be taken away (Lev 4:10; Da 8:11+); 11. LN 21.17–21.24 (hif) saves, deliver, formally, lift up, i.e., cause an object to be safe from danger or dire circumstance, as a figurative extension of lifting an object out of a dangerous area (1Sa 2:8); (polel) deliver (Ps 9:14[EB 13]; 27:5+); 12. LN 35.31–35.35 (hif) provide, supply, donate, i.e., give whatever is necessary for the help and support of another (2Ch 30:24); 13. LN 14.74–14.86 (hif) increase volume, i.e., make a loud sound in relation to other comparative softer sounds (2Ch 5:13); 14. LN 88.206–88.222 unit: רוּם לֵבָב (rûm lē·ḇāḇ) proud, consider oneself better, formally, lift high the heart, have an improper haughtiness and arrogance, ascribing high status to oneself falsely (Dt 17:20); 15. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: (hif) רוּם קוֹל (rûm qôl) be loud, formally, raise the voice, i.e., increase the volume in which one speaks (Ge 39:15, 18); 16. LN 25.251–25.269 unit: (qal) בְּ־ יָד רוּם (b- yāḏ rûm)1 boldly, i.e., pertaining to a feeling or attitude of a lack of fear or terror, implying confidence and possibly defiance (Ex 14:8; Nu 15:30; 33:3+), note: for another interp in Pr 24:7 as n.fem., see 8029; note: Ps 66:17 for NIV parsing as a n.masc. see 8128; for parsing as a, see 8225; note: see also 8225

8124 II. רוּם (rûm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7312; TWOT 2133a—1. LN 81.3–81.11 height, i.e., a spatial dimension relating elevation to relative objects (Pr 25:3+); 2. LN 88.206–88.222 haughtiness, pride, i.e., an improper state or attitude of pride and self-willed arrogance, and so have an unwarranted assignment of high status to the self (Pr 21:4; Isa 2:11, 17; 10:12; Jer 48:29+)

8125 רוֹם (rôm): adv. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 7315; TWOT 2133b—LN 81.3–81.11 on high, i.e., pertaining to an elevated location in relation to other objects (Hab 3:10+), note: some sources question text, see BHS ftn for other solutions

8126 רוּמָה (rû·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7316;—LN 93-place (loc.) 1. Rumah: home of Zebidah, mother of King Jehoiakim, (2Ki 23:36) 2. town in the hill country of Judah near Hebron, (Jos 15:52+), note: for NIV text in Jos 15:52, see 1873

8127 רוֹמָה (rô·mā(h)): adv. [oth n.fem.]; ≡ Str 7317; TWOT 2133c—LN 88.206–88.222 proudly, haughtily, i.e., pertaining to a manner that is arrogant and relating to improperly assigning high status to the self (Mic 2:3+)

8128 רוֹמָם (rô·mām): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7318; TWOT 2133f—LN 33.354–33.364 praise, exaltation, i.e., the verbal expression of high status to a person, object, or event, speaking of the excellence of (Ps 66:17; 149:6+), note: oth parse as polal pass. of 8123

רוֹמֵמוּת (rô·mē·mûṯ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8129

8129 רוֹמֵמֻת (rô·mē·mǔṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7319, 7427; TWOT 2133g—LN 17.1–17.11 rising up, i.e., the action of going from a laying down position to a standing position, with a special focus on the action that can or will be taken when finally in a standing position (Isa 33:3+), see also domain LN 42.7–42.28; note: for a cj, see 8312

רון (rwn): see 8130

8130 רוּן (rûn): v.; ≡ Str 7442; TWOT 2134—LN 23.66–23.77 (hitpolel ptcp.) become waking-sober, awake from a drunken-stupor, i.e., be in a state which is slow moving and slow to respond after too much alcohol the night before (Ps 78:65+)

רוע (rwʿ): see 8131

8131 רוּעַ (rûaʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7321; TWOT 2135—LN 14.74–14.86 (hif) signal with loud noise, i.e., make a loud, public noise that signals a feeling or a future action (Nu 10:7, 9; Jos 6:5, 10,16, 20; Jdg 7:21; 15:14; 1Sa 4:5; 10:24; 17:20, 52; 2Ch 13:12, 15, 15; Ezr 3:11, 13; Job 30:5; 38:7; Ps 41:12[EB 11]; 47:2[EB 1]; 66:1; 81:2[EB 1]; 95:1, 2; 98:4, 6; 100:1; Isa 15:4; 42:13; 44:23; Jer 50:15; Hos 5:8; Joel 2:1; Mic 4:9; Zep 3:14; Zec 9:9+), note: in context, this can refer to blowing an instrument (like a trumpet) to signal the start of a battle, or refer to a verbal shout for joy or worship, or in some contexts a shout of sorrow or anxiety; (polal) shout for joy (Isa 16:10+); (hitpolal) shout in triumph or exaltation (Ps 60:10[EB 8]; 65:14[EB 13]; 108:10[EB 9]+), note: Isa 8:9 some parse as 8317 or 8318

רוף (rwp) BDB: see 9559

רוץ (rwṣ): see 8132

8132 רוּץ (rûṣ): v.; ≡ Str 7323; TWOT 2137—1. LN 15.230–15.237 (qal) run, i.e., make linear motion with a focus that the movement is relatively swift or intense (1Sa 8:11), note: this can be man or animal, aggressive or non-aggressive motion; (polel) dart about, run to and fro (Na 2:5[EB 4]+); (hif) bring quickly (Ge 41:14; 1Sa 17:17+), note: some parse Isa 42:4 qal as 8368; 2. LN 15.158–15.159 (hif) chase, drive off, i.e., pursue with haste an opponent by linear motion (Jer 49:19; 50:44+); 3. LN 42.7–42.28 (qal) hurry, do quickly, i.e., perform an action with a special focus that it is done in a hurried manner, as a figurative extension of making linear motion by running, or moving quickly in submissive response (Hag 1:9); (hif) do quickly (2Ch 35:13; Ps 68:32[EB 31]+), note: for qal act. ptcp. as a n.masc., see 8350; note: see also 8351

רוק (rwq): see 8197

רור (rwr): see 8201

רושׁ (rwš): see 8133

רוֹשׁ (rôš) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8032 (Dt 32:32+)

8133 רוּשׁ (rûš): v.; ≡ Str 7326; TWOT 2138—1. LN 57.49–57.54 (qal) be poor, i.e., be in a state of not having enough income or means of livelihood for normal essential needs (Pr 10:4+), note: for qal ptcp. as a, see 8395.5; (hitpolel) pretend to be poor (Pr 13:7+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) grow weak, i.e., be in a progressive state of growing bodily weaker due to lack of essential food or water (Ps 34:11[EB 10]+)

8134 רוּת (rûṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7327;—LN 93-pers. (female) Ruth: Moabitess daughter-in-law of Naomi (Ru 1:4–4:13 passim+)

רזה (rzh): see 8135

8135 רָזָה (rā·zā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7329; TWOT 2139—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroy, formally, weakens, i.e., to cause pagan gods to wither away to nothing, possibly as a figurative extension of a body withering and dying from not getting the food (i.e., offerings) it needs (Zep 2:11+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 (nif) waste away, disappear, i.e., become lean, with a focus on an unhealthy condition (Isa 17:4+)

8136 רָזֶה (rā·zě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 7330; TWOT 2139a—1. LN 23.142–23.184 lean, gaunt, i.e., pertaining to an underweight animal, implying weakness (Eze 34:20+); 2. LN 65.20–65.29 poor, barren, bad, i.e., pertaining to the lack of fertility of the soil for agriculture, and so possessing a serious fault (Nu 13:20+)

8137 I. רָזוֹן (rā·zôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7332; TWOT 2139c—1. LN 23.142–23.184 disease, sickness, i.e., an illness that causes emaciation and weakness (Ps 106:15; Isa 10:16+); 2. LN 79.123–79.128 short unit, scrimped measure, i.e., that which is of smaller volume or weight than normal to a standard, so as a feature of an object (Mic 6:10+)

8138 II. רָזוֹן (rā·zôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7333; TWOT 2142a—LN 37.48–37.95 prince, potentate, dignitary, high official, i.e., a ruler who governs (Pr 14:28+), note: context suggests this is a ruler as nobility or part of the royal family

8139 רְזוֹן (rezôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7331;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rezon: Syrian leader opposing Solomon (1Ki 11:23+)

8140 רָזִי (rā·zî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7334; TWOT 2139b—LN 20.31–20.60 ruin, formally, leanness or wasting away, i.e., a state of destruction as a figurative extension of a state of famine or emaciation (Isa 24:16+), note: see WBC24:324 for other solutions

רזם (rzm): see 8141

8141 רָזַם (rā·zǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7335; TWOT 2141—1. LN 16 (qal impf.) flash of the eyes, i.e., the movement and glaring of the eyes which communicates anger (Job 15:12+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 16 wink, i.e., the movement of the eyelid which communicates malice and ill-will toward another (Job 15:12+), note: see WBC17:342 for other options, see also 8241.5

רזן (rzn): see 8142

8142 רָזַן (rā·zǎn): v.; ≡ Str 7336; TWOT 2142—see 8142.5 (qal ptcp.)

רֹזֵן (rō·zēn): n.masc. [oth qal ptcp.masc.sing. of 8142]; ≡ Str 7336; TWOT 2142—LN 37.48–37.95 ruler, prince, i.e., one who governs (Jdg 5:3; Ps 2:2; Pr 8:15; 31:4; Isa 40:23; Hab 1:10+)

רָזֹן (rā·zōn) BDB: see 8142.5

רחב (rḥb): see 8143

8143 רָחַב (rā·ḥǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7337; TWOT 2143—1. LN 81.15–81.19 (qal) be wide, be broad, i.e., be in a state of a spatial dimension which is relatively broad and wide, often implying adequate room to move and so a greater ease of life (Eze 41:7+); (nif ptcp.) roomy, be broad (Isa 30:23+); (hif) enlarge, broaden, make wide (Ge 26:22; Ex 34:24; Dt 12:20; 19:8; 33:20; 2Sa 22:37; Ps 18:37[EB 36]; Isa 30:33; 54:2; Am 1:13; Mic 1:16+); 2. LN 33.368–33.373 (qal) boast, i.e., speak words that exude a great deal of confidence or noteworthiness (1Sa 2:1+); 3. LN 25.116–25.134 (qal) be joyful, formally, expand, i.e., be in a state of happiness or gladness, implying a proper pride in a certain circumstance (Isa 60:5+); 4. LN 22.35–22.37 (hif) find relief, i.e., have a momentary or sustained alleviation of trouble or anxiety, as an extension of the meaning to broaden a place, and so have more room to move (Ps 4:2[EB 1]; 119:32+); 5. LN 78.28–78.39 (hif) add up, multiply, i.e., have an intensification of a degree or state (Ps 25:17+); 6. LN 22.42–22.47 (hif) create an opportunity, i.e., initiate a favorable circumstance so something perceived as desireable can happen (Pr 18:16; Isa 57:8+); 7. LN 25.12–25.32 (hif) greedy, formally, enlarged, i.e., an improper desire to gain possessions for selfish ends, as a figurative extension of one who opens the mouth wide to devour in hunger (Isa 5:14; Hab 2:5+); 8. LN 16 unit: (hif) רָחַב פֶּה (rā·ḥǎḇ pě(h)) open the mouth, i.e., make the jaws of the mouth open wide in non-linear movement (Ps 35:21; 81:11[EB 10]; Isa 57:4+), note: this movement can refer to eating, or to a non-verbal communication of contempt or disgust, see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

8144 רַחַב (rǎ·ḥǎḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7338; TWOT 2143a—1. LN 85.67–85.85 spacious dwelling, i.e., a dwelling place, with the associative meaning of comfort and ease (Job 36:16+); 2. LN 81.15–81.19 vast expanse, i.e., an immense spatial area, the outer areas of the space are implied to be difficult to know or understand (Job 38:18+), see also domain LN 1.39–1.45

רָחֹב (rā·ḥōḇ) BDB: see 8143

8145 רֹחַב (rō·ḥǎḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7341; TWOT 2143b—1. LN 81.15–81.19 width, breadth, thickness, i.e., the measurement of width, either specific or general (1Ki 6:2), note: for MT text in Ps 90:10, see 8106; 2. LN 78.1–78.27 great, formally, breadth, i.e., a very great degree of a condition, state, or amount (1Ki 5:9[EB 4:29]+)

8146 I. רָחָב (rā·ḥāḇ): adj. [see also 8146.5]; ≡ Str 7342; TWOT 2143c—1. LN 81.15–81.19 wide, thick, broad, gaping, spacious, roomy, i.e., pertaining to width (Ge 34:21; Ex 3:8; Jdg 18:10; 1Ch 4:40; Ne 4:13[EB 19]; 7:4; 9:35; Job 11:9; 30:14; Ps 104:25; 119:45; Isa 22:18; 33:21; Jer 51:58; Eze 23:32+), note: sometimes implying plenty of living space, so being agreeable, pleasant, and freeing from the subjects point of view; 2. LN 78.44–78.50 unit: רָחָב (rā·ḥāḇ) … מְאֹד (meʾōḏ) boundless, limitless, formally, very broad, i.e., a degree which is completive and without limit (Ps 119:96+); 3. LN 88.206–88.222 unit: רָחָב לֵבָב (rā·ḥāḇ lē·ḇāḇ) proud, haughty, formally, wide of heart, i.e., pertaining to an exalted view of self that is improper and so a moral failure (Ps 101:5+); 4. LN 88.206–88.222 unit: רָחָב לֵב (rā·ḥāḇ lēḇ) proud, haughty, formally, wide of heart, i.e., pertaining to an exalted view of self that is improper and so a moral failure (Pr 21:4+); 5. LN 25.12–25.32 unit: רָחָב נֶפֶשׁ (rā·ḥāḇ ně·p̄ěš) greedy person, i.e., one who strongly desires possessions and may practice evil to acquire them (Pr 28:25+)

רָחָב (rā·ḥāḇ): n.pr. [served by 8146]; ≡ Str 7342; TWOT 2143c—LN 93-place (loc.) Broad Wall: place in Jerusalem (Ne 3:8; 12:38+)

8147 II. רָחָב (rā·ḥāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7343;—LN 93-pers. (female) Rahab: of Jericho, a prostitute spared by Israel (Jos 2:1, 3; 6:17, 23, 25+)

8148 I. רְחֹב (reḥōḇ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7339; TWOT 2143d—LN 1.88–1.94 public square, plaza, city-hub, i.e., a central part of a city where people meet and civic activity occurs (Ge 19:2; Dt 13:17[EB 16]; Jdg 19:15, 17, 20; 2Sa 21:12; 2Ch 29:4; 32:6; Ezr 10:9; Ne 8:1, 3, 16; Est 4:6; 6:9, 11; Job 29:7; Ps 55:12[EB 11]; 144:14; Pr 1:20; 5:16; 7:12; 22:13; 26:13; SS 3:2; Isa 15:3; 59:14; Jer 5:1; 9:20[EB 21]; 48:38; 49:26; 50:30; La 2:11, 12; 4:18; Eze 16:24, 31; Da 9:25; Am 5:16; Na 2:5[EB 4]; Zec 8:4, 5+), note: this area includes the streets and roads in and around this area, so NIV translates “streets” in some contexts

8149 II. רְחֹב (reḥōḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7340;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rehob: 1. town in N Asher, i.e., Galilee (Jos 19:28+) 2. town in S Asher (Jos 19:30; 21:31; Jdg 1:31; 1Ch 6:60[EB 75]+) 3. town of Aramean principality (Nu 13:21; 2Sa 10:8), see also 1124 note: others identify and arrange differently

8150 III. רְחֹב (reḥōḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7340;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rehob: 1. father of the king of Zobah (2Sa 8:3, 12+) 2. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:12[EB 11]+)

8151 רְחֹבוֹת (reḥō·ḇôṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7344;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rehoboth: 1. town in Edom (Ge 36:37; 1Ch 1:48+) 2. place near Beersheba (Ge 26:22+), note: see also 8155

8152 רְחַבְיָה (reḥǎḇ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7345;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rehabiah: grandson of Moses (1Ch 23:17+), see also 8153

8153 רְחַבְיָהוּ (reḥǎḇ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7345;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rehabiahu (Rehabiah NIV): grandson of Moses (1Ch 24:21; 26:25+), see also 8152

8154 רְחַבְעָם (reḥǎḇ·ʿām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7346;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rehoboam: king of Judah, son of Solomon (1Ki 11:43–15:6 passim; 1Ch 3:10; 2Ch 9:31; 10:1–13:7 passim+)

8155 רְחֹבֹת עִיר (reḥō·ḇōṯ ʿîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5892, 7344;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rehoboth Ir: city in Assyria (Ge 10:11+), note: some interp as common nouns “and the square shaped districts of the City” Nineveh; see also 8151

רֵחֶה (rē·ḥě(h)) BDB: see 8160

רֵחֶם (rē·ḥěm) Lisowsky: see 8160

רְחוֹב (reḥôḇ): see also 8148, 8149, 8150

8156 רְחוּם (reḥûm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7348;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rehum: 1. returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:2+), see also 5700 2. see 10662 3. wall builder in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 3:17+) 4. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:26[EB 25]+) 5. returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:3+)

8157 רַחוּם (rǎ·ḥûm): adj.; ≡ Str 7349; TWOT 2146c—LN 88.75–88.82 compassionate, merciful, favorable, i.e., pertaining to showing favor, and not punishment as is often deserved, implying a forgiving relationship (Ex 34:6; Dt 4:31; 2Ch 30:9; Ne 9:17, 31; Ps 78:38; 86:15; 103:8; 111:4; 112:4; 145:8; Joel 2:13; Jnh 4:2+)

8158 רָחוֹק (rā·ḥôq): n.masc. [see also 8158.5]; ≡ Str 7350; TWOT 2151b—1. LN 81.12–81.14 a distance, afar, i.e., an amount of separation between two spatial points (Ge 22:4; 37:18; Ex 2:4; 20:18, 21; 24:1; Dt 28:49; Jos 3:4; 1Sa 26:13; 2Ki 2:7; 2Ch 26:15; Ezr 3:13; Ne 12:43; Job 2:12; 36:3, 25; 39:25, 29; Ps 38:12; 139:2; Pr 7:19; Isa 5:26; 22:3; 23:7; 43:6; 49:1, 12; 57:9; 59:14; 60:4, 9; Jer 23:23; 30:10; 46:27; 51:50; Mic 4:3; Hab 1:8+); 2. LN 67.17–67.64 long ago, distant, i.e., a time preceding a point of time with an interval between (2Ki 19:25; Isa 22:11; 25:1; 37:26; Jer 31:3+); 3. LN 67.17–67.64 long, distant future, i.e., a time following a point of time with an interval between (2Sa 7:19; 1Ch 17:17+); 4. LN 34.40–34.41 alienation, i.e., a state of no longer being in close association (Ps 10:1+)

רָחוֹק (rā·ḥôq): adj. [served by 8158]; ≡ Str 7350; TWOT 2151b—1. LN 81.12–81.14 far, distant, i.e., pertaining to being a relatively long distance from a source (Nu 9:10; Dt 13:8[EB 7]; 20:15; 29:21[EB 22]; 30:11; Jos 9:6, 9, 22; Jdg 18:7, 28; 1Ki 8:41, 46; 2Ki 20:14; 2Ch 6:32, 36; Ne 4:13[EB 19]; Est 9:20; Ps 22:2[EB 1]; 65:6[EB 5]; 119:155; Pr 15:29; 27:10; Isa 33:13; 39:3; 57:19; 66:19; Jer 25:26; 48:24; Eze 6:12; 22:5; Da 9:7; Joel 4:8[EB 3:8]; Zec 6:15+), note: Ps 56:1[EB title], see 3439; 2. LN 32.19–32.23 profound, formally, far away, i.e., pertaining to what is hard to understand (Ecc 7:23, 24+); 3. LN 34.40–34.41 alienated, i.e., pertaining to no longer being in close association (Isa 46:12; Jer 12:2+); 4. LN 67.17–67.64 long, distant, i.e., pertaining to a time following a point of time with an interval between (Eze 12:27+); 5. LN 78.1–78.27 greater, formally, far off, i.e., pertaining to large degree on a comparable scale of extent (Pr 31:10+)

8159 רָחִיט (rā·ḥîṭ): see 8112 (SS 1:17 K+)

רחיטנו (rḥyṭnw) BDB: see 8112

8160 רֵחַיִם (rē·ḥǎ·yim): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7347; TWOT 2144a—LN 7.63–7.76 (only dual) pair of mill stones, i.e., upper and lower circular-shaped, relatively flat stones to grind grain (Ex 11:5; Nu 11:8; Dt 24:6; Isa 47:2; Jer 25:10+)

8161 I. רָחֵל (rā·ḥēl): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7353; TWOT 2145a—LN 4.1–4.37 ewe-sheep, i.e., ceremonially clean, adult female ruminate of the genus Ovis (Ge 31:38; 32:15[EB 14]; SS 6:6; Isa 53:7+)

8162 II. רָחֵל (rā·ḥēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7354;—LN 93-pers. (female) Rachel: mother of Joseph and Benjamin (Ge 29:6–48:7 passim; Ru 4:11; 1Sa 10:2; Jer 31:15+)

רחם (rḥm): see 8163

רְחֻם (reḥǔm): see 8156 (Ne 12:3+)

8163 רָחַם (rā·ḥǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7355; TWOT 2146—1. LN 25.33–25.58 (qal) love, i.e., have feeling or attitude of strong affection toward an object, based on an association or relationship, which can manifest an act. of kindness toward the object of one’s love and affection (Ps 18:2[EB 1]+); (pual) be loved (Hos 2:3[EB 1]; 2:25[EB 23]+); 2. LN 88.75–88.82 (piel) have compassion on, show mercy, take pity on, show love, i.e., have feelings and actions of kindness and concern for one in difficulty, regardless of one’s state of guilt for an offense, usually based in a relationship or association (Ex 33:19; Dt 13:18[EB 17]; 30:3; 1Ki 8:50; 2Ki 13:23; Ps 102:14[EB 13]; 103:13; 116:5; Isa 9:16[EB 17]; 13:18; 14:1; 27:11; 30:18; 49:10, 13, 15; 54:8, 10; 55:7; 60:10; Jer 6:23; 12:15; 13:14; 21:7; 30:18; 31:20; 33:26; 42:12; 50:42; La 3:32; Eze 39:25; Hos 1:6, 7; 2:6[EB 4],25[EB 23]; Mic 7:19; Hab 3:2; Zec 1:12; 10:6+); (pual) find compassion, find mercy (Pr 29:13; Hos 14:4[EB 3]+)

8164 רָחָם (rā·ḥām): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7360; TWOT 2147a—LN 4.38–4.46 large bird, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature, often identified as a bird of prey with strong talons, or a carrion-bird with weaker talons and a naked head (Lev 11:18+), note: NIV, NEB, REB, “osprey;” NAB, “buzzard;” ASV, “vulture;” NJB, “white vulture;” WBC4:148, “Egyptian vulture;” NASB, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, Holladay, BDB, “carrion vulture;” KJV, “gier-eagle;” Tanakh, “bustard;” note: see also 8168; note: Holladay specifically identifies as Vultur percnopterus; note: exact identification is uncertain to the editor, though a bird of prey is more contextually likely if the prior birds in the verse are birds of prey

8165 I. רַחַם (rǎ·ḥǎm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7357;—LN 93-pers. (male) Raham: of Caleb (1Ch 2:44+)

8166 II. רַחַם (rǎ·ḥǎm): n.masc.—see 8167

8167 רֶחֶם (rě·ḥěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7358; TWOT 2146a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 womb, uterus, i.e., the child gestating and bearing organ of the female (Ge 20:18; 49:25; Ex 13:2, 12, 15; 34:19; Nu 3:12; 8:16; 18:15; Job 3:11; Ps 22:11[EB 10]; 58:4[EB 3]; Pr 30:16; Isa 46:3; Jer 20:17; Eze 20:26; Hos 9:14+), note: in some contexts a “womb” refers more generally to a “woman”, see also 8169; 2. LN 10.16 mother, formally, womb, i.e., the female who carries a child to birth, implying care and concern for the child (Job 24:20; 31:15+); 3. LN 85.1–85.31 point of origin, formally, womb, i.e., a spatial position which is the source place (Job 38:8; Ps 110:3+); 4. LN 9.34–9.40 love toy, play thing, bedmate, concubine, i.e., a pejorative term for a young female, with a focus on the person as a sex object for pleasure (Jdg 5:30+), see also domain LN 88.271–88.282; 5. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: פָּתַח רֶחֶם (pā·ṯǎḥ rě·ḥěm) be able to conceive, formally, open womb, i.e., be sexually fertile for conceiving (Ge 29:31; 30:22+); 6. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: סָגַר רֶחֶם (sā·ḡǎr rě·ḥěm) be unable to conceive, formally, close womb, i.e., be sexually infertile for conceiving (1Sa 1:5, 6+); 7. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: יָצָא מִן רֶחֶם (yā·ṣā(ʾ) min rě·ḥěm) be born, formally, come out from the womb, i.e., pass. from inside the uterus into the outside world (Nu 12:12; 10:18; Jer 1:5; Jer 20:18+)

8168 רָחָמָה (rā·ḥā·mā(h)): n.fem. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 7360; TWOT 2147a—LN 4.38–4.46 carrion bird, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; often identified as a bird of prey with strong talons, or a carrion-bird with weaker talons and a naked head (Dt 14:17+), note: NIV, NEB, REB, “osprey;” NAB, “buzzard;” ASV, “vulture;” NJB, “white vulture;” NASB, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, Holladay, BDB, “carrion vulture;” KJV, “gier-eagle;” Tanakh, “bustard;” note: see also 8164; note: Holladay specifically identifies as Vultur percnopterus; note: exact identification is uncertain to the editor, though a bird of prey is more contextually likely if the prior birds in the verses are birds of prey

8169 רַחֲמָה (rǎ·ḥǎmā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7361; TWOT 2146a—LN 9.34–9.40 dual pair of love toys, two play things, two concubines, i.e., a pejorative, guttural term for two young females as booty or slaves, with a focus on the persons as sex objects for pleasure (Jdg 5:30+), see also domain LN 88.271–88.282; see also 8167

8170 רֻחָמָה (rǔ·ḥā·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3819;—LN 93-pers. (female) Ruhamah: part of a compound name, Lo-Ruhamah, see 4205

8171 רַחֲמִים (rǎ·ḥǎmîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 7356; TWOT 2146a—LN 88.75–88.82 compassion, mercy, pity, favor, i.e., the state or condition of receiving favor, and so in some contexts, not be in judgment or deserved punishment, implying relationship (2Sa 24:14)

8172 רַחֲמָנִי (rǎ·ḥǎmā·nî): adj.; ≡ Str 7362; TWOT 2146d—LN 25.33–25.58 compassionate, merciful, i.e., pertaining to strong feelings of love and affection (La 4:10+)

רחף (rḥp): see 8173, 8174

8173 I. רָחַף (rā·ḥǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 7363; TWOT 2148, 2149—1. LN 16 (qal) tremble, shake, quiver, i.e., the quick, non-linear, back and forth motion of an object (Jer 23:9+), note: for another interp, see 8174; 2. LN 15.245 (piel) hover, i.e., a non-linear flying motion of an object which is stationary above a surface, with a possibly associative meaning of caring superintendence over an object (Ge 1:2; Dt 32:11+), see also domain LN 16

8174 II. רָחַף (rā·ḥǎp̄): v. [BDB]; ≡ Str 7363; TWOT 2148—LN 79.62–79.69 (qal) be relaxed, be flaccid (limp), i.e., be in a state of weakness, in which the body will not respond and so grows limp (Jer 23:9+), note: in context, “tremble” is a better rendering, see 8173

רחץ (rḥṣ): see 8175

8175 רָחַץ (rā·ḥǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 7364; TWOT 2150—1. LN 47.8–47.13 (qal) wash, bathe, i.e., remove dirt and impurities using water and possibly other cleansing agents, either immersed in a body of water, or with lesser amounts of water, used both as normal personal hygiene and as ceremonial ritual (Ex 2:5; 29:4); (pual) be cleansed (Pr 30:12; Eze 16:4+); (hitp) wash oneself (Job 9:30+), see also domain LN 53.28–53.32; 2. LN 59.48–59.61 (qal) be abundant, formally, washed, i.e., have an abundant amount of a quantity, as a figurative extension of washing oneself in a large mass of liquid (Job 29:6; Ps 58:11[EB 10]), note: for MT text in Ps 68:24[EB 23], see 4730

8176 רַחַץ (rǎ·ḥǎṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7366; TWOT 2150a—1. LN 47.8–47.13 washing, i.e., the act. of removing impurity off material or creature with liquids (Ps 60:10[EB 8]; 108:10[EB 9]+); 2. LN 6.118–6.151 unit: סִיר רַחַץ (sîr rǎ·ḥǎṣ) washbasin, formally, kettle of washing, i.e., a wash-pot for holding wash water, with a focus on the commonness and uncleanness of such a vessel (Ps 60:10[EB 8]; 108:10[EB 9]+)

8177 רַחְצָה (rǎḥ·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7367; TWOT 2150b—LN 47.8–47.13 washing, i.e., the act. of removing impurity off material or creature with liquids (SS 4:2; 6:6+)

רחק (rḥq): see 8178

8178 רָחַק (rā·ḥǎq): v.; ≡ Str 7368; TWOT 2151—1. LN 83.23–83.32 (qal) be far off, i.e., be in a position a relatively great distance from another position (Ps 103:12); (piel) send far away (Isa 6:12+); (hif) go far, cause to go a distance (Ge 21:16); 2. LN 19.14–19.26 (nif) severed, i.e., cut an object into two or more parts (Ecc 12:6 K+), note: for Q, see 8415; 3. LN 34.40–34.41 (qal) avoid, stand aloof, formally, be far away, i.e., be in a limited association, as a figurative extension of sending an object far away to a distant place (Ex 23:7), note: the association can be positive or negative; (piel) avoid (Isa 29:13; Eze 43:9+); (hif) put away, remove (Job 19:13); 4. LN 84.1–84.15 (qal) extend, stretch out, i.e., enlarge a spatial area by extending a direction from a source (Mic 7:11); (piel) extend (Isa 26:15+)

8179 רָחֵק (rā·ḥēq): n.masc. [oth BDB: adj. or oth qal act.ptcp.masc.sing. of 8178]; ≡ Str 7369; TWOT 2151a, 2151b—LN 34.1–34.21 apostate, formally, distant one, i.e., one who is no longer in an association as a figurative extension of a person who is a great distance away from someone (Ps 73:27+), note: another possibility is one who has never been in an association with someone

רָחֹק (rā·ḥōq) BDB: see 8158, 8158.5

רחשׁ (rḥš): see 8180

8180 רָחַשׁ (rā·ḥǎš): v.(qal pf.); ≡ Str 7370; TWOT 2152—1. LN 25.102–25.115 moved, formally, stirred up, i.e., to have strong, emotional, pleasurable feelings (Ps 45:2[EB 1]+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 42.29–42.40 compose, formally, be stirred up, i.e., to make and create a literary composition not cited before (Ps 45:2[EB 1]+), note: context is best served translated as “emotional feelings”

8181 רַחַת (rǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7371; TWOT 2153—LN 6.4–6.9 pitch fork, winnowing shovel or fan, i.e., a tined-implement used to spread fodder and straw (Isa 30:24+)

רטב (rṭb): see 8182

8182 רָטַב (rā·ṭǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7372; TWOT 2154—LN 79.78–79.83 (qal) be rained on, i.e., be wet with rain (Job 24:8+), note: NIV translates “drenched” as being wet enough to feel miserable

רָטֵב (rā·ṭēḇ), רָטֹב (rā·ṭōḇ) BDB: see 8182

8183 רָטֹב (rā·ṭōḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 7373; TWOT 2154a—LN 23.188–23.196 well-watered, i.e., pertaining to a feature of a plant as being healthy and growing, from good external rains or watering (Job 8:16+), note: KB, Holladay have a slightly different focus of the result of watering, by more specifically rendering as “full of sap;” see also domain LN 3

רטה (rṭh): see 8184

8184 רָטָה (rā·ṭā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3399; TWOT 914—LN 20.12–20.30 (qal) hurt, harm, formally, wring out, i.e., do violence to another as a figurative extension of making a squeezing, pressing, and twisting motion on a piece of cloth (Job 16:11+), note: many sources repoint verb to 3740

8185 רֶטֶט (rě·ṭěṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7374; TWOT 2156a—LN 25.251–25.269 panic, i.e., a state of utter fear, which may include an involuntary bodily response of shuddering or shaking (Jer 49:24+)

רטפשׁ (rṭpš): see 8186

8186 רֻטֲפַשׁ (rǔ·ṭǎp̄ǎš): v.; ≡ Str 7375; TWOT 2157—LN 58.70–58.75 (qal pass.) be renewed, i.e., pertaining to regeneration of skin that is damaged (Job 33:25+), see also domain LN 23.129–23.141, note: lexical form has four radicals; note: some sources change text to 3263

רטשׁ (rṭš): see 8187

8187 רָטַשׁ (rā·ṭǎš): v.; ≡ Str 7376; TWOT 2158—1. LN 19.27–19.33 (piel) dash to mush, smash, i.e., hurl a soft-tissued object to the ground so as to smash to a dead, broken mass (2Ki 8:12+); (pual) be dashed to pieces (Isa 13:16; Hos 10:14; 14:1[EB 13:16]; Na 3:10+); 2. LN 19.14–19.26 (piel) strike, i.e., cause an object to pierce something (Isa 13:18+)

8188 רִי (rî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7377; TWOT 2130a—LN 2.7–2.13 moisture, water, i.e., what is wet and waters the earth’s foliage and creatures, possibly very small particles of water, smaller than a raindrop (Job 37:11+)

ריב (ryb): see 8189

8189 I. רִיב (rîḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7378; TWOT 2159—1. LN 39.1–39.12 (qal) quarrel, i.e., be in a state of hostility and opposition to another person or group (Ge 26:20); (hif) oppose (1Sa 2:10+); 2. LN 56.2–56.3 (qal) contend, plead for, i.e., bring a lawsuit forth, either in accusation or prosecution, or as a defender in a case (1Sa 24:16; Ne 5:7; Ps 43:1); (hif) bring legal charges (Hos 4:4+)

8190 II. רִיב (rîḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7379; TWOT 2159a—1. LN 39.22–39.32 contention, strife, disputes, i.e., conflict between two or more parties, often with a focus on the feelings between the parties (Ge 13:7); 2. LN 39.1–39.12 hostility, i.e., open opposition to another, with a focus on the actions of the parties (Isa 41:11); 3. LN 33.446–33.454 quarreling, disputing, i.e., an express difference of opinion or perception, with a focus on hostility and strife in the exchange (Pr 15:18; Pr 17:14); 4. LN 56.2–56.3 legal dispute, lawsuit, grievance, i.e., a legal action taken in court as a contest between two parties for justice (Ex 23:2; 1Sa 24:16[EB 15]), see also 8191; 5. LN 33.406–33.411 taunting, insulting, i.e., verbal mocking and ridicule (Ps 89:51[EB 50]), note: for MT text in Ps 89:51[EB 50], see 8041; 6. LN 55.2–55.6 fighting, i.e., physical combat between two persons or armies, with a focus on the hostility and strife between the two parties (Jdg 12:2); 7. LN 56.4–56.11 accuser, prosecutor, i.e., one who makes a legal accusation against a party (Job 31:35); 8. LN 56.1 court, i.e., the area where legal disputes are held, in a public meeting place, such as a city gate (Pr 25:10); 9. LN 24.77–24.94 pain, distress, i.e., be in physical discomfort (Job 33:19)

8191 רִיבָה (rî·ḇā(h)): n.fem. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 7379; TWOT 2159a—1. LN 33.439–33.445 argumentation, plea, i.e., a more or less formal, rational, verbal argument to make or defend a point of view in a debate (Job 13:6+), see also 8190; 2. LN 56.2–56.3 unit: דָּבָר רִיבָה (dā·ḇār rî·ḇā(h)) legal case, lawsuit, formally, word of dispute, i.e., a legal action taken in court as a contest between two parties for justice (Dt 17:8+)

8192 רִיבַי (rî·ḇǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7380;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ribai: one of the Thirty (2Sa 23:29; 1Ch 11:31+)

ריח (ryḥ): see 8193

רִיחַ (rîaḥ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8120

8193 רִיחַ (rîaḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7306; TWOT 2131—1. LN 24.71 (hif) smell, i.e., use the perceptual sense of the nose to distinguish odors or aromas and so respond appropriately (Ge 8:21; 27:27; Ex 30:38; Dt 4:28; Job 39:25; Ps 115:6+); 2. LN 57.125–57.141 (hif) accept, i.e., receive an object or accept a situation, as a figurative extension of smelling a pleasing aroma (Lev 26:31; 1Sa 26:19; Isa 11:3; Am 5:21+); 3. LN 15.75–15.80 (hif) come close, i.e., come very near to an object in linear motion, so as to virtually meet, as a figurative extension of placing the nose close to an object to smell it (Jdg 16:9+), note: some give lexical form as 8118, with same meaning

8194 רֵיחַ (rêaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7381; TWOT 2131b—1. LN 24.71 scent, smell, i.e., odor which is unique and identifiable as a sensory input (Ge 27:27; Job 14:9+), see also domain LN 79.45–79.47; 2. LN 79.45–79.47 fragrance, i.e., a pleasant, perfume-type smell (SS 1:3, 12; 2:13; 4:10, 11, 11; 7:9[EB 8],14[EB 13]; Jer 48:11; Hos 14:7[EB 6]+); 3. LN 79.45–79.47 unit: רֵיחַ (הַ־) נִיחֹחַ (rêaḥ (hǎ-) nî·ḥōaḥ) pleasing aroma, i.e., a pleasant, fragrance, implied to therefore be acceptable to an object (Lev 1:9; Eze 6:13), note: always in reference to deity; 4. LN 79.45–79.47 unit: בָּאַשׁ אֵת רֵיחַ (bā·ʾǎš ʾēṯ rêaḥ) odor, stench, i.e., that sensory input of smell that stinks and is unpleasant (Ex 5:21+)

רֵים (rêm): see 8028 (Job 39:9, 10+)

רֵיעַ (rêaʿ) BDB: see 8276 (Job 6:27)

רִיעַ (rîaʿ) BDB: see 8131

רִיפָה (rî·p̄ā(h)) BDB: see 8195

8195 רִיפוֹת (rî·p̄ôṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7383; TWOT 2160a—LN 3.33–3.46 dried grain, i.e., the fruit part of cereal plants (2Sa 17:19; Pr 27:22+); note: in context, apparently grain that has been winnowed and sifted; note: some sources change text to 3041

8196 רִיפַת (rî·p̄ǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7384;—LN 93-pers. (male) Riphath: of Noah by Japheth (Ge 10:3+), note: for MT text in 1Ch 1:6, see 1910

ריק (ryq): see 8197

8197 I. רִיק (rîq): v.; ≡ Str 7324; TWOT 2161—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (hif) pour forth, i.e., empty a container or implement of its object or mass (Ge 42:35; Ps 18:43[EB 42]; Ecc 11:3; Jer 48:12; Hab 1:17; Zec 4:12+), note: see also domain LN 14.17–14.35; (hof) be poured forth (SS 1:3; Jer 48:11+); 2. LN 33.307–33.314 (hif) call out, i.e., summon someone from a relative distance (Ge 14:14+); 3. LN 23.1–23.39 (hif) go without food, i.e., lack food in the stomach, and so be hungry, as a figurative extension of pouring out a mass from a container (Isa 32:6+); 4. LN 90.85–90.97 (hif) fully experience, i.e., cause one to have a personal experience happen (Mal 3:10+); 5. LN 55.2–55.6 (hif) draw weapon, brandish sword, i.e., make a non-linear movement putting a weapon in a hand position to defend or attack, as a figurative extension of emptying an object or mass from a container (as with a sheath or holster) (Ex 15:9; Lev 26:33; Ps 35:3; Eze 5:2, 12; 12:14; 28:7; 30:11+), note: see also domain LN 16

8198 II. רִיק (rîq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7385; TWOT 2161b—1. LN 59.35–59.43 emptiness, i.e., the state or condition of a quantity of space not occupied (Jer 51:34+); 2. LN 89.39–89.54 vanity, nothingness, i.e., a state or condition not having any advantage, benefit, or result (Lev 26:16, 20; Job 39:16; Ps 2:1; 73:13; Isa 30:7; 49:4; 65:23; Jer 51:58; Hab 2:13+); 3. LN 70 delusions, fantasies, i.e., that which is unreal, and has no actual existence in fact (Ps 4:3[EB 2]+)

8199 רֵיק (rêq): adj.; ≡ Str 7386; TWOT 2161a—1. LN 59.35–59.43 empty, i.e., pertaining to a quantity of space which is not occupied (Ge 37:24; Jdg 7:16; 2Ki 4:3; Ne 5:13; Eze 24:11+); 2. LN 65.1–65.16 worthless, i.e., pertaining to not having benefit or utility for an intended purpose, and so not having value (Ge 41:27+); 3. LN 88.93–88.99 trouble, i.e., pertaining to persons that are of bad moral character, and so trouble-makers, scoundrels, and uninhibited (2Sa 6:20+), see also domain LN 22.1–22.14; 4. LN 88.246–88.251 fantasies, puff dreams, idle plans, i.e., pertaining to plans and schemes that never get acted upon (Pr 12:11; 28:19+), see also domain LN 42.1–42.6; 5. LN 55.14–55.22 mercenary, i.e., pertaining to soldiers or gangs for hire, used for fighting or support (Jdg 9:4; 11:3; 2Ch 13:7+); 6. LN 23.1–23.39 unit: רֵיק נֶפֶשׁ (rêq ně·p̄ěš) hunger, formally, empty of life, i.e., the condition needing and desiring food (Isa 29:8+); 7. LN 33.374–33.381 unit: דָּבָר רֵיק (dā·ḇār rêq) foolish talk, formally, idle words, i.e., words which have no benefit or advantage (Dt 32:47+)

8200 רֵיקָם (rê·qām): adv.; ≡ Str 7387; TWOT 2161c—1. LN 57.37–57.48 empty-handedly, i.e., pertaining to being without anything which is expected in a situation, and so implying a dissatisfaction since an expectation has not been fulfilled (Ge 31:42; Ex 3:21; 23:15; 34:20; Dt 15:13; 16:16; Ru 1:21; 3:17; 1Sa 6:3; 2Sa 1:22; Job 22:9; Isa 55:11; Jer 14:3; 50:9+); 2. LN 89.15–89.38 without cause, i.e., a marker showing a lack of cause or reason for an event (Ps 7:5[EB 4]; 25:3+)

ריר (ryr): see 8201

8201 I. רִיר (rîr): v.; ≡ Str 7325; TWOT 2162—LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) flow, i.e., seeping of bodily fluid from an orifice (Lev 15:3+), see also domain LN 47.1–47.7

8202 II. רִיר (rîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7388; TWOT 2162a—1. LN 8.70–8.77 saliva, spit, i.e., a bodily fluid which can come out of the mouth (1Sa 21:14[EB 13]+); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 albumen, i.e., the slimy-white of an egg (Job 6:6+), see also domain LN 8.70–8.77; 3. LN 5.1–5.22 plant-juice, i.e., the liquid from a certain plant (Job 6:6+), note: see also 2733

רִישׁ (rîš) BDB: see 8133, 8203

8203 רֵישׁ (rêš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7389; TWOT 2138a, 2138b—LN 57.49–57.54 poverty, i.e., a state or condition of lacking what is needed, below what is normal in society (Pr 6:11; 10:15; 13:18; 24:34; 28:19; 30:8; 31:7+)

רִישׁוֹן (rî·šôn): see 8037 (Job 8:8+)

8204 רֹךְ (rōḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7391; TWOT 2164b—LN 79.100–79.101 gentleness, tenderness, softness, i.e., a state of utter luxury which is a soft, easy life (Dt 28:56+)

8205 רַךְ (rǎḵ): adj. [see also 8205.5]; ≡ Str 7390; TWOT 2164a—1. LN 88.59–88.65 gentle, tender, i.e., pertaining to an attitude or behavior which is not harsh, as a positive moral quality of kindness or responsiveness (Dt 28:54, 56; 2Ki 22:19; 2Ch 34:27; Pr 15:1; 25:15+); 2. LN 24.72 tender, not-tough, i.e., pertaining to a cut of meat that is tasty because the meat is not tough (Ge 18:7+); 3. LN 79.100–79.101 moist, tender, i.e., pertaining to a flexible, moist, fresh condition of a plant or branch (Eze 17:22+); 4. LN 79.9–79.17 dull, i.e., pertaining to not being sparkling and vivacious, as a feature of beauty (Ge 29:17; Isa 47:1+), note: this interpretation is disputed by some sources; 5. LN 76 weak, soft, i.e., pertaining to not being physically strong for endurance activities, so having a certain incapacity for strenuous activity (Ge 33:13+); 6. LN 74 incapable, i.e., not able to complete a task, and so lacking governmental authority or power (2Sa 3:39+); 7. LN 28.1–28.16 inexperienced, i.e., pertaining to not having knowledge for proper behavior or judgment, often characterized as a state of youth (1Ch 22:5; 29:1; Pr 4:3+); 8. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: רַךְ הַ־ לֵבָב (rǎḵ hǎ- lē·ḇāḇ) faint-hearted, formally, soft of heart, i.e., pertaining to a giving up and losing motivation to a task, implying lack of ability to decide with certainty (Dt 20:8; 2Ch 13:7+), note: see also 8216

רַךְ (rǎḵ): n.fem. [served by 8205]; ≡ Str 7390; TWOT 2164a—LN 33.69–33.108 gentle words, i.e., speech which has the feature not being harsh, but kind and gentle words of mercy (Job 40:27[EB 41:3]+)

רכב (rkb): see 8206

8206 רָכַב (rā·ḵǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7392; TWOT 2163—1. LN 15.97–15.100 (qal) ride, mount, i.e., come or go in linear movement by getting up onto an animal or vehicle, with an associative meaning of having a freedom of wide ranging movement (Ge 24:61; Ps 45:5[EB 4]), note: for a focus on being in a seated position, see also domain LN 17.12–17.18; 2. (hif) have ride, set an object on a vehicle for transport (Ge 41:43; Ex 4:20; Dt 32:13; 2Sa 6:3; 1Ki 1:33, 38, 44; 2Ki 9:28; 10:16; 23:30; 1Ch 13:7; 2Ch 35:24; Est 6:9, 11; Ps 66:12; Isa 58:14+); 3. LN 18.1–18.11 (hif) grasp, i.e., take an object in the hand to use for a task (2Ki 13:16+); 4. LN 15.160–15.164 (hif) drive, i.e., cause linear movement of an object without driving or forcing movement, but not set upon a vehicle (Job 30:22; Hos 10:11+)

8207 רֶכֶב (rě·ḵěḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7393; TWOT 2163a—1. LN 6.52–6.53 chariot, i.e., a wheeled vehicle drawn by one or more horses, used for war or travel (1Sa 8:12), see also domain LN 6.29–6.40; 2. LN 55.7–55.13 military chariot group, i.e., a major division of an army for attack (Ex 14:9); 3. LN 55.7–55.13 charioteer, i.e., a driver of a chariot (2Sa 10:18; 1Ch 19:18; Isa 22:6; Jer 46:9), note: see also LN 6.52–6.53, note: usually a military soldier; 4. LN 4.1–4.37 chariot horses, i.e., that animal which pulls the chariot (2Sa 8:4; 1Ch 18:4); 5. LN 7.63–7.76 large upper mill stone, i.e., an upper (of a pair) relatively flat stones to grind grain (Dt 24:6; Jdg 9:53; 2Sa 11:21+); 6. LN 15.148–15.155 train, i.e., a line of animals moving in file (Isa 21:7), note: NIV translates “riders”; 7. LN 15.148–15.155 rider, i.e., one who is directly on top of a large mammal for travel (Isa 21:7; Eze 39:20)

8208 רַכָּב (rǎk·kāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7395; TWOT 2163c—1. LN 55.7–55.13 chariot driver, i.e., one who drives the chariot (1Ki 22:34; 2Ch 18:33+), see also domain LN 6.52–6.53; note: in context, military soldiers; 2. LN 15.148–15.155 horseman, i.e., one who rides on top of a large mammal (2Ki 9:17+)

8209 רֵכָב (rē·ḵāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7394;—LN 93-pers. (male) Recab: 1. murderer of Ishbosheth (2Sa 4:2, 5, 6, 9+) 2. father of Jehonadab (2Ki 10:15, 23; 1Ch 2:55; Ne 3:14; Jer 35:6, 8, 14, 16, 19+)

8210 רִכְבָּה (riḵ·bā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7396; TWOT 2163b—LN 15.148–15.155 riding, i.e., the act. of travel on top of a large mammal (Eze 27:20+)

8211 רֵכָבִי (rē·ḵā·ḇî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7394;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Recabite: pertaining to Recab (Jer 35:2, 3, 5, 18+), see also 8209(2.)

8212 רֵכָה (rē·ḵā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7397;—LN 93-place (loc.) Recah: town in Judah (1Ch 4:12+)

8213 רְכוּב (reḵûḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7398; TWOT 2163d—LN 6.52–6.53 chariot, i.e., a vehicle for travel or war (Ps 104:3+)

8214 רְכוּשׁ (reḵûš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7399; TWOT 2167b—LN 57.1–57.21 possessions, property, goods, i.e., what materials, real-estate, or creatures that are owned as one’s belongings, a great accumulation of these possessions would make one rich (Ge 12:5; 13:6; 14:11, 12, 16,21; 15:14; 31:18; 36:7; 46:6; Nu 16:32; 35:3; 1Ch 27:31; 28:1; 2Ch 20:25; 21:14, 17; 31:3; 32:29; 35:7; Ezr 1:4, 6; 8:21; 10:8; Da 11:13, 24, 28+)

8215 רָכִיל (rā·ḵîl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7400; TWOT 2165b—1. LN 33.387–33.403 slander, i.e., harmful information about another person, spoken in an open, public setting (Lev 19:16; Jer 6:28; 9:3[EB 4]; Eze 22:9+); 2. LN 33.404–33.405 gossip, i.e., harmful information about another person, as a semi-private, hushed communication (Pr 11:13; 20:19+)

רכךְ (rkk): see 8216

8216 רָכַךְ (rā·ḵǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 7401; TWOT 2164—1. LN 36.12–36.30 (qal) be responsive, i.e., obey and submit to authority and not be rebellious, as a figurative extension of an object being in a soft, pliable state (2Ki 22:19; 2Ch 34:27+), note: some parse as 8205; 2. LN 24.77–24.94 (qal) sooth, i.e., relieve pain from a physical injury, as an extension of the meaning of making a crusted scab soft by putting medicine on it (Ps 55:22[EB 21]+), note: in some contexts this can refer to comfort from mental distress; (pual) be soothed (Isa 1:6+); 3. LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) be faint, be timid, i.e., have an attitude or feeling of distress and lack of courage, as an extension of being excessively pliable or flaccid (limp) (Dt 20:3; Isa 7:4; Jer 51:46+); (hif) make faint, cause to be timid (Job 23:16+)

רכל (rkl): see 8217

8217 רָכַל (rā·ḵǎl): v.; ≡ Str 7402; TWOT 2165—see 8218.5 and 8219.5 (qal ptcp. masc. & fem.), note: parsed as n.masc. and n.fem.

8218 רָכָל (rā·ḵāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7403;—LN 93-place (loc.) Racal: town of Judah (1Sa 30:29+)

רֹכֵל (rō·ḵēl): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.sing. of 8217]; ≡ Str 7403;—LN 57.186–57.188 merchant, trader, i.e., one who buys, sells, and barters goods (1Ki 10:15; Ne 3:31, 32; 13:20; SS 3:6; Eze 17:4; 27:13, 15, 17, 22,23a, 24; Na 3:16+)

8219 רְכֻלָּה (reḵǔl·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7404; TWOT 2165a—1. LN 57.189–57.208 trading, i.e., the act. of exchanging money or barter of goods for making a profit in business (Eze 28:5, 16, 18+); 2. LN 57.186–57.188 merchandise, goods, i.e., wares of a merchant which are bought, sold, and traded (Eze 26:12+)

רֹכֶלֶת (rō·ḵě·lěṯ): n.fem. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 8217]; ≡ Str 7404; TWOT 2165a—LN 57.186–57.188 merchant, trader, i.e., one who buys, sells, and barters goods (Eze 27:3, 20, 23b+)

רכס (rks): see 8220

8220 רָכַס (rā·ḵǎs): v.; ≡ Str 7405; TWOT 2166—LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) tie, bind, i.e., attach one thing to another with a flexible rope or cord (Ex 28:28; 39:21+)

8221 רֶכֶס (rě·ḵěs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7406; TWOT 2166a—LN 1.46–1.50 rugged ground, i.e., bumpy, unsmoothed ground (Isa 40:4+), see also domain LN 79.84–79.87

8222 רֹכֶס (rō·ḵěs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7407; TWOT 2166b—LN 30.56–30.74 intrigue, plot, conspiracy, i.e., a plot or plan to harm another, with a focus on verbal action to harm another (Ps 31:21[EB 20]+), note: some sources change text to 8215, see BHS ftn

רכשׁ (rkš): see 8223

רְכֻשׁ (reḵǔš) BDB: see 8214

8223 רָכַשׁ (rā·ḵǎš): v.; ≡ Str 7408; TWOT 2167—LN 57.55–57.70 (qal) acquire, i.e., gather or accumulate possessions, gained by any means, toil or trade (Ge 12:5; 31:18; 36:6; 46:6+)

8224 רֶכֶשׁ (rě·ḵěš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7409; TWOT 2167a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 courier-horses, i.e., a class of horse bred and conditioned for speed (Est 8:10, 14+), note: used for sending messages; 2. LN 4.1–4.37 (coll.) team of horses, i.e., two or more horses harnessed together to pull a vehicle, with a focus on the speed of the animals (1Ki 5:8[EB 4:28]; Mic 1:13+)

8225 I. רָם (rām): adj. [oth qal pf.3ms. or act.ptcp. of 8123]; ≡ Str 7311; TWOT 2133—1. LN 81.3–81.11 high, elevated, raised, tall, lofty, i.e., pertaining to a dimension of height in relation to the objects (or body) around the elevated object (Dt 1:28; 2:10, 21; 9:2; 12:2; Job 38:15; Ps 78:69; 138:6; Isa 2:13, 14; 6:1; 10:33; 26:11; Eze 6:13; 17:22; 20:28; 34:6+); 2. LN 14.74–14.86 loud, i.e., pertaining to an audible sound of more decibels (as a public speaking), than a relatively quiet, private conversation voice (Dt 27:14+); 3. LN 39.52–39.61 victorious, conquering, i.e., pertaining to conquering an opponent or enemy (Dt 32:27+); 4. LN 88.206–88.222 proud, smug, immodest, i.e., pertaining to being arrogant and haughty (2Sa 22:28; Ps 18:28[EB 27]; Pr 6:17; Isa 2:12; Eze 31:10+); 5. LN 87.19–87.57 lofty, exalted, noble, i.e., pertaining to having an elevated status in relation to other objects (Job 21:22; Ps 99:2; 113:4; Isa 57:15+); 6. LN 39.18–39.20 unit: יָד רָם (yāḏ rām)1 defiantly, boldly, formally, lifted of hand, i.e., pertaining to acting in a manner exuding confidence and in defiance or resistance of a real or merely perceived authority (Ex 14:8; Nu 15:30; 33:3+), note: see also 8123

8226 II. רָם (rām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7410;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ram: 1. son of Hezron (Ru 4:19+), see also DBLGrk 730 2. of Judah, son of Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:9, 10, 25, 27+) 3. clan of Elihu, friend of Job (Job 32:2)

רֵם (rēm): see 8028 (Ps 22:22[EB 21]+)

רֻם (rǔm) BDB: see 8124 (Jer 48:29+)

I. רמה (rmh): see 8227

II. רמה (rmh): see 8228

8227 I. רָמָה (rā·mā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7411; TWOT 2168, 2169—1. LN 15.215–15.221 (qal) hurl, i.e., cause the throwing of an object through the air, implying a harm or danger to the object thrown (Ex 15:1, 21+); 2. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: רָמָה קֶשֶׁת (rā·mā(h) qě·šěṯ) archer, bowman, formally, hurler of the bow, i.e., a soldier who shoots arrows with a bow (Jer 4:29; Ps 78:9+), see also 8050

8228 II. רָמָה (rā·mā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7411; TWOT 2168—1. LN 31.8–31.13 (piel) deceive, i.e., cause someone to have erroneous, misleading views (Ge 29:25; Jos 9:22; 1Sa 19:17; 28:12; Pr 26:19+); 2. LN 34.40–34.41 (piel) betray, i.e., change an association from close and trusting to a limited or excluded relationship (2Sa 19:27[EB 26]; 1Ch 12:18[EB 17]+); 3. LN 34.31–34.39 (piel pf.) abandon, formally, betray, i.e., not keep a pact, and so betray an agreement between two parties (La 1:19+)

8229 III. רָמָה (rā·mā(h)): n.fem. [oth qal act.ptcp. fs. of 8123]; ≡ Str 7413; TWOT 2133d—1. LN 7.54–7.56 shrine, i.e., a sacred, worship open-area on a naturally elevated area, or a man-made mound (Eze 16:24, 25, 31, 39+); 2. LN 1.46–1.50 top of a hill, i.e., height as an elevated area of land, possibly a gathering place, or place of worship (1Sa 22:6+), note: some sources translate as 8230, or as “lofty shrine”; note: see BHS ftn suggests 1195 as text

8230 IV. רָמָה (rā·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7414;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ramah: 1. town in Asher (Jos 19:29+) 2. town in Benjamin, just N of Jerusalem (Jos 18:25; Jdg 4:5; 19:13; 1Ki 15:17, 21, 22; 2Ch 16:1, 5, 6; Ezr 2:26; Ne 7:30; 11:33; Isa 10:29; Jer 31:15; 40:1; Hos 5:8+) 3. town of Naphtali, in the hills of lower Galilee, (Jos 19:36+) 4. town of Simeon-Judah (Jos 19:8+), see also 8241 5. another name for Ramoth Gilead (2Ki 8:29; 2Ch 22:6+), see 8240 6. town of Ephraim, home of Samuel (1Sa 1:19; 2:11; 7:17; 8:4; 15:34; 16:13; 19:18, 19, 22,23; 20:1; 25:1; 28:3+), see also 8259.5, note: oth say same as 2.

8231 רִמָּה (rim·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7415; TWOT 2175a—LN 4.47–4.50 maggot, grub, i.e., a flying insect in a larva stage (which has a worm-like appearance), eating rotting flesh as it matures to adulthood (Ex 16:24; Job 7:5; 17:14; 21:26; 24:20; 25:6; Isa 14:11+), note: some sources translate “worm”, i.e., a soft-bodied animal which creeps on the ground and feeds off flesh, see also domain LN 4.51–4.57

8232 I. רִמּוֹן (rim·môn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7416; TWOT 2170—1. LN 3.2–3.12 pomegranate tree, i.e., a fruit-bearing tree of the Punicaceae family (Dt 8:8; 1Sa 14:2; SS 4:13; 6:11; 7:13[EB 12]; Joel 1:12; Hag 2:19+); 2. LN 3.33–3.46 pomegranate fruit, i.e., an orange-sized, thick-skinned, several celled, reddish berried fruit of the Punicaceae family (Nu 13:23; 20:5; SS 4:3; 6:7; 8:2+); 3. LN 6.188–6.196 pomegranate-shaped ornaments, i.e., ornamental representations of the pomegranate fruit, made of both fabric and metal (Ex 28:33, 34; 39:24, 25,26; 1Ki 7:18, 20, 42; 2Ki 25:17; 2Ch 3:16; 4:13; Jer 52:22,23+), note: in 1Ki 7:18 for NIV text, see 8232

8233 II. רִמּוֹן (rim·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7417; TWOT 2171—LN 93-pers. (male) Rimmon: of Beeroth, father of the men who killed Ishbosheth (2Sa 4:2, 5, 9+)

8234 III. רִמּוֹן (rim·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7417; TWOT 2171—LN 93-place (loc.) Rimmon: 1. see 8234 2. see 8235 3. town of Zebulun (Jos 19:13+), see also 1962, 8237 4. Negev town in Judah-Simeon (Jos 15:32; 19:7; 1Ch 4:32; Zec 14:10), possibly related to 6538 5. Sela Rimmon, a fortress area (Jdg 20:45, 47; 21:13+)

8235 IV. רִמּוֹן (rim·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7417; TWOT 2171—LN 12.23 1. (pagan god) Rimmon: Syrian god worshiped in Damascus (2Ki 5:18+); also part of a compound name, Rimmon Perez, see 8236, also, En Rimmon 6538; also, Gath Rimmon 1784

8236 רִמּוֹן פֶּרֶץ (rim·môn pě·rěṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7428;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rimmon Perez: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:19, 20+)

רִמּוֹן פָּרֶץ (rim·môn pā·rěṣ) BDB: see 8236

8237 רִמּוֹנוֹ (rim·mô·nô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7417; TWOT 2171—LN 93-place (loc.) Rimmono: town of Zebulun, (1Ch 6:62[EB 77]+), see also 8234(3.)

8238 רָמוֹת (rā·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7418;—LN 93-place (male) Ramoth: divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:29 Q+), note: for K see 3756(7.); also part of a compound name, Ramoth Gilead, see 8240; Ramoth Negev, see 8241

8239 רָמוּת (rā·mûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7419; TWOT 2133e—LN 6.215–6.225 (NAB, NASB, NIV, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh) bulk, remains, refuse, i.e., a heap of some mass (Eze 32:5+), note: in context, this is fleshy, rotting, carcass remains and so be repugnant rubbish, note: (KJV, ASV, BDB) translates “height, lofty stature;” (NEB, REB) “worms;” note: in context, “refuse” is the best rendering, though “worms” is possible as the result or effect of the rotting flesh

8240 רָמוֹת גִּלְעָד (rā·môṯ gil·ʿāḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7433;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ramoth Gilead: town in Gilead in Transjordan,, (1Ki 4:13; 22:3; 2Ki 8:28)

8241 רָמוֹת־נֶגֶב (rā·môṯ-·ně·ḡěḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7418;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ramoth Negev: town in the south country, S of Judah (1Sa 30:27+), see also 8230(4.)

רמז (rmz): see 8241.5 (Job 15:12 v.r.+

רָמַז (rā·mǎz): v.; ≡ Str 7418;—LN 33.476–33.489 wink, i.e., make a non-verbal communication with the eyes as a signal (Job 15:12 v.r.+), note: for other text variants, see BHS ftn, WBC17:342, for MT, see 8141

8242 רֹמַח (rō·mǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7420; TWOT 2172—LN 6.29–6.40 spear, lance, i.e., a weapon with a sharp metal tip and a long, aerodynamic shaft for throwing (Nu 25:7; Jdg 5:8; 1Ki 18:28; 1Ch 12:9[EB 8],25[EB 24]; 2Ch 11:12; 14:7[EB 8]; 25:5; 26:14; Ne 4:7[EB 13],10[EB 16],15[EB 21]; Jer 46:4; Eze 39:9; Joel 4:10[EB 3:10]+)

8243 רַמְיָה (rǎm·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7422;—LN 93-pers. (male) Ramiah: divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:25+)

רְמִיָּה (remiy·yā(h)) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8244, 8245

8244 I. רְמִיָּה (remiy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7423; TWOT 2169a—1. LN 79.62–79.69 slackness, i.e., a condition of a cord or string not being taut, and so not having strength for an intended use, and so be faulty (Ps 78:57; Hos 7:16+), note: some sources give the ety. as from 8245, which would then focus on the “failing” of the bow and not the slackened state per se; 2. LN 88.246–88.251 laziness, shiftlessness, i.e., a state or condition of habitually refusing to work or be diligent in life (Pr 10:4; 12:24, 27; 19:15+); 3. LN 88.246–88.251 laxity, i.e., a condition of slowness and sluggishness to do an activity (Jer 48:10+)

8245 II. רְמִיָּה (remiy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7423; TWOT 2169a—LN 31.8–31.13 deceit, treachery, i.e., the state or condition of causing something false to be believed as true (in word or action), and so mislead (Job 13:7; 27:4; Ps 32:2; 52:4[EB 2]; 101:7; 120:2, 3; Mic 6:12+), see also domain LN 33.251–33.255

8246 רַמִּים (rǎm·mîm): n.pr. or n.masc.; ≡ Str 761;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Rammim: another name for the Aramean peoples of Syrian region (2Ch 22:5+), note: some change text to 812 to conform to 2Ki 8:28; note: LXX translates “archer” suggesting the text may be 8227 or 4619

רַמָּךְ (rǎm·māḵ) BDB: see 8247

8247 רַמָּכָה (rǎm·mā·ḵā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7424; TWOT 2173—LN 4.1–4.37 mare, i.e., an adult female horse (three years or older), with a focus on a fast-running, endurance oriented breed of Equidae family (Est 8:10+)

8248 רְמַלְיָהוּ (remǎl·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7425;—LN 93-pers. (male) Remaliahu (Remaliah NIV): father of King Pekah of Israel (2Ki 15:25–16:5 passim; 2Ch 28:6; Isa 7:1, 4, 5, 9; 8:6+)

I. רמם (rmm): see 8249, note: is. switches LN 1 & LN 2

II. רמם (rmm): see 8250

8249 I. רָמַם (rā·mǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7311; TWOT 2133—1. LN 23.205 (qal) rot, i.e., the decomposition of organic matter by various means (Ex 16:20+); 2. LN 23.205 unit: רָמַם תּוֹלָע (rā·mǎm tô·lāʿ) be full of maggots, formally, rot by worms, i.e., to have organic matter decompose by insect larva eating off it (Ex 16:20+), note: some translate “be wormy” which would possibly mean to be full of the worm, a creeping animal

8250 II. רָמַם (rā·mǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7426; TWOT 2174—1. LN 87.19–87.57 (qal) be exalted, i.e., have a high status and so be honored (Job 24:24+); 2. LN 15.101–15.106 (nif) rise, ascend, i.e., go upward by flight from the ground to a higher elevation (Eze 10:15, 17, 19+), see also domain LN 15.245; note: BDB parses these verses as hitpolel; 3. LN 15.34–15.74 (nif) get away, leave, i.e., move out of a space by linear motion (Nu 17:10[EB 16:45]+)

רָמֹם (rā·mōm) BDB: see 8250

8251 רֹמַמְתִּי עֶזֶר (rō·mǎm·tî ʿě·zěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7320;—LN 93-pers. (male) Romamti-Ezer: Levite musician (1Ch 25:4, 31+)

רמס (rms): see 8252

8252 רָמַס (rā·mǎs): v.; ≡ Str 7429; TWOT 2176—LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) trample, tread upon, i.e., make a pressing motion with the foot upon an object, implying the object stamped on is conquered or harmed (even killed) (2Ki 7:17, 20; 9:33; 14:9; 2Ch 25:18; Ps 7:6[EB 5]; 91:13; Isa 1:12; 26:6; 41:25; 63:3; Eze 26:11; 34:18; Da 8:7, 10; Mic 5:7[EB 8]; Na 3:14+); (nif) be trampled (Isa 28:3+), note: for a focus on harm or destruction, see also domain LN 20; note: for qal ptcp. masc.sing. as a noun, see 8252.5

רֹמֵס (rō·mēs): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 8252]; ≡ Str 7429; TWOT 2176—LN 39.1–39.12 aggressor, formally, trampler, i.e., one that destroys a land and people militarily (Isa 16:4+)

רמשׂ (rmś): see 8253

8253 רָמַשׂ (rā·mǎś): v.; ≡ Str 7430; TWOT 2177—LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) move along, i.e., to make linear motion of virtually any kind, in water or on land (Ge 1:21, 26, 28, 30; 7:8, 14, 21; 8:17, 19; 9:2; Lev 11:44, 46; 20:25; Dt 4:18; Ps 69:35[EB 34]; 104:20; Eze 38:20+)

8254 רֶמֶשׂ (rě·měś): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7431; TWOT 2177a—LN 4 creatures, formally, moving things, i.e., animals of any smaller kind in water or on land that move about (Ge 1:24, 25, 26; 6:7, 20; 7:14, 23; 8:17, 19; 9:3; 1Ki 5:13[EB 4:33]; Ps 104:25; 148:10; Eze 8:10; 38:20; Hos 2:20[EB 18]; Hab 1:14+), note: the class of animal is determined by context

8255 רֶמֶת (rě·měṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7432;—LN 93-place (loc.) Remeth: Levitical town in Issachar (Jos 21:29+), see also 3754(2.)

8256 רָמַת הַמִּצְפֶּה (rā·mǎṯ hǎm·miṣ·pě(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7434;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ramath Mizpah: town of Gad or (Jos 13:26+)

8257 רָמַת לְחִי (rā·mǎṯ leḥî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7437;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ramath Lehi: site in Judah where Samson killed with a jawbone (Jdg 15:17+), see also 4306

רָמֹת (rā·mōṯ): see 8030 (Jos 21:38+)

8258 רָמָתִי (rā·mā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7435;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Ramathite: pertaining to Ramah (1Ch 27:27+), see 8230, note: it is not clear which Ramah is meant

8259 רָמָתַיִם (rā·mā·ṯǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7414;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ramathaim: town in the hill country of Ephraim (1Sa 1:1+), note: for another interp as a compound name, see 8259.5

רָמָתַיִם צוֹפִים (rā·mā·ṯǎ·yim ṣô·p̄îm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7414;—LN 93-place (loc.) Ramathaim Zophim: town in the hill country of Ephraim (1Sa 1:1+), note: for “Zuph” as a Gentilic only, see 8259

8260 רֹן (rōn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7438; TWOT 2179a—LN 33.109–33.116 song, i.e., an exuberant expression of joy in musical form (Ps 32:7+)

רנה (rnh): see 8261

8261 רָנָה (rā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7439; TWOT 2178—LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) rattle, i.e., to make a succession of sharp, staccato, percussion sounds (Job 39:23+)

8262 I. רִנָּה (rin·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7440; TWOT 2179c—1. LN 33.69–33.108 rejoicing, shout of joy, an expression of a joyful state (Ps 30:6[EB 5]), see also domain LN 25.116–25.134; 2. LN 33.109–33.116 singing, i.e., the making of joyful music with the voice and words (2Ch 20:22); 3. LN 33.161–33.177 pleading, i.e., a cry that communicates a request for something (1Ki 8:28); 4. LN 33.69–33.108 shout, i.e., a loud communication of a message (1Ki 22:36); 5. LN 25.203–25.205 pride, i.e., a legitimate reason for rejoicing in a particular state or object (Isa 43:14)

8263 II. רִנָּה (rin·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7441;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rinnah: of Judah (1Ch 4:20+)

רנן (rnn): see 8264

8264 רָנַן (rā·nǎn): v.; ≡ Str 7442, 7444; TWOT 2179—1. LN 33.109–33.116 (qal) shout for joy, sing for joy, i.e., make loud public melodic and rhythmic words, with a focus on the joy it expresses (Lev 9:24; Job 38:7; Ps 35:27; Pr 29:6; Isa 12:6; 24:14; 35:6; 42:11; 44:23; 49:13; 54:1; 61:7; 65:14; Jer 31:7; Zep 3:14; Zec 2:14[EB 10]+); (piel) sing for joy, rejoice in song (1Ch 16:33; Ps 5:12[EB 11]; 20:6[EB 5]; 33:1; 51:16[EB 14]; 59:17[EB 16]; 63:8[EB 7]; 67:5[EB 4]; 71:23; 89:13[EB 12]; 90:14; 92:5[EB 4]; 95:1; 96:12; 98:4, 8; 132:9, 16; 145:7; 149:5; Isa 26:19; 35:2; 52:8, 9; Jer 31:12; 51:48+); (pual) be sung for joy (Isa 16:10+); (hif) make sing for joy, call for songs of joy (Dt 32:43; Job 29:13; Ps 32:11; 65:9[EB 8]; 81:2[EB 1]+); 2. LN 33.69–33.108 (qal) cry, plead, i.e., speak or talk loudly to summon or to express an emotion (Pr 1:20; 8:3; La 2:19+); (piel) call out (Ps 84:3[EB 2]+); note: Ps 78:65, see 8130 hitpolel

8265 רְנָנָה (renā·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7445; TWOT 2179b—1. LN 33.69–33.108 shout of joy, i.e., to call out loudly a signal (or possibly words) that communicates joy (Job 3:7; 20:5+); 2. LN 33.109–33.116 joyful song, i.e., utter words and sounds of joy by music (Ps 63:6[EB 5]; 100:2+)

8266 רְנָנִים (renā·nîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 7443; TWOT 2179d—LN 4.1–4.37 ostrich, i.e., the female of a swift two-toed flightless bird, Struthio camelus (Job 39:13+)

8267 רִסָּה (ris·sā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7446;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rissah: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:21, 22+)

8268 I. רָסִיס (rā·sîs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7447; TWOT 2181a, 2182a—LN 2.7–2.13 drop of moisture, i.e., a very small unit of water (SS 5:2+), note: NIV translates “dampness” in the plural

8269 II. רָסִיס (rā·sîs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7447; TWOT 2181a—LN 20.31–20.60 piece of rubble, i.e., a single fragment of building material that has been destroyed (Am 6:11+), note: in the plural, “ruins”

8270 I. רֶסֶן (rě·sěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7448; TWOT 2180a—1. LN 37.1–37.32 restraint, formally, bridle, i.e., the state or condition of restriction and control as a figurative extension of a bridle as a restraining device (Job 30:11+); 2. LN 6.4–6.9 harness, i.e., an implement used to control a large mammal as a horse or ox, often made of leather straps and metal bits and rings (Job 41:5[EB 13]; Ps 32:9; Isa 30:28+)

8271 II. רֶסֶן (rě·sěn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7449;—LN 93-place (loc.) Resen: city in Assyria (Ge 10:12+)

רסס (rss): see 8272

8272 רָסַס (rā·sǎs): v.; ≡ Str 7450; TWOT 2181—LN 47.1–47.7 (qal inf. cs.) moisten, i.e., to wet with liquid by sprinkling or possibly pouring (Eze 46:14+)

8273 I. רַע (rǎʿ): adj.; ≡ Str 7451; TWOT 2191a, 2191c—1. LN 88.105–88.125 bad, evil, wicked, no good, i.e., pertaining to that which is not morally pure or good according to a proper standard, implying this evil hinders or severs a relationship to a person or principle which is proper; 2. LN 65.20–65.29 bad, poor, no good, i.e., pertaining to that which has undesireable features in an object, and so have lesser or no value (Lev 27:10ab); 3. LN 20.12–20.30 fierce, wild, harmful, i.e., pertaining to that which can harm or injure an object (Ge 37:20), see also domain LN 20.1–20.11; 4. LN 25.223–25.250 sad, i.e., pertaining to an appearance of the face which communicates sorrow or troubled feelings (Ge 40:7); 5. LN 25.223–25.250 troubled, miserable, distressed, i.e., pertaining to an attitude or emotion of anxiety and worry (Ps 94:13); 6. LN 88.105–88.125 unit: חֳלִי רַע (ḥǒlî rǎʿ)1 grievous evil, formally, evil of affliction (Ecc 6:2+); 7. LN 79.9–79.17 unit: רַע מַרְאֶה (rǎʿ mǎr·ʾě(h)) ugly, unseemly, i.e., be physically undesireable in appearance as a feature of an object (Ge 41:3, 4+); 8. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: רוּחַ רַע (rûaḥ rǎʿ)1 evil spirit (1Sa 16:14); 9. LN 33.262–33.273 unit: שֵׁם רַע (šēm rǎʿ)1 bad name, of bad reputation, i.e., what is said about another person, good or bad (Dt 22:14, 19; Ne 6:13); 10. LN 79.9–79.17 unit: רַע תֹּאַר (rǎʿ tō·ʾǎr) ugly, unattractive, formally, bad of form, i.e., of an undesirable appearance relative to the kind or class of the object (Ge 41:19+); 11. LN 24.77–24.94 unit: תַּחֲלֻאִים רַע (tǎ·ḥǎlǔ·ʾîm rǎʿ)1 great pain, horrible torment, formally, evil of disease, i.e., to have a high degree of physical pain and discomfort (2Ch 21:19+); 12. LN 25.85–25.98 unit: רַע בְּ־ עַיִן (rǎʿ b- ʿǎ·yin)1 displeased, troubled, formally, bad according to the eye, i.e., pertaining to that which is not agreeable and brings anger or loathing or worry and anxiety (Ge 28:8), see also 8274, 8288; note: further study may yield more domains

8274 II. רַע (rǎʿ): n.masc.—see 8273, 8288

רָע (rāʿ) Lisowsky: see 8273, 8274

8275 I. רֵעַ (rēaʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7452; TWOT 2135a—1. LN 33.69–33.108 shouting, i.e., to make loud sounds which communicate a general message (positive or negative), but not necessarily verbal words (Ex 32:17; Mic 4:9+), see also domain LN 14.74–14.86; 2. LN 14.15–14.16 thundering, i.e., the roaring sound after a flash of lightning (Job 36:33+)

8276 II. רֵעַ (rēaʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7453; TWOT 2186a—1. LN 11.55–11.89 fellow countryman, neighbor, i.e., one who is of the same race, or social/geographical group (Ex 2:13); 2. LN 11.55–11.89 neighbor, i.e., one who lives in close geographical proximity, and by implication the same national group (Ex 22:6[EB 7]); 3. LN 34.1–34.21 friend, companion, associate, i.e., a person which one associates with and for whom there is affection and personal regard (2Sa 16:17); 4. LN 92.26 unit: אִישׁ אֶל רֵעַ (ʾîš ʾěl rēaʿ)2 each other, i.e., a pronoun which marks reciprocation between two (male) groups or persons (Ge 11:3), note: some parse Job 6:14 (with prep. 4946) as 5335

8277 III. רֵעַ (rēaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7454; TWOT 2187a—LN 30.1–30.38 thought, i.e., the content of thinking and reasoning (Ps 139:2, 17+)

8278 רֹעַ (rōaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7455; TWOT 2191b—1. LN 88.105–88.125 evil, wickedness, sinfulness, i.e., an action which is not morally pure or good according to a proper standard, implying this evil hinders or severs a relationship to a person or principle which is proper (Dt 28:20; 1Sa 17:28; Ps 28:4; Isa 1:16; Jer 4:4; 21:12; 23:2, 22; 25:5; 26:3; 44:22; Hos 9:15+); 2. LN 65.20–65.29 bad quality, i.e., an item having little or no value due to poor quality of an object, plant, animal or other kind of object (Ge 41:19; Jer 24:2, 3, 8; 29:17+); 3. LN 25.270–25.287 sadness, i.e., an action or appearance which communicates a state of sorrow or regret (Ecc 7:3; Ne 2:2+)

רעב (rʿb): see 8279

8279 I. רָעֵב (rā·ʿēḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7456; TWOT 2183—LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) be hungry, be famished, be starving, i.e., be in a state of hunger ranging from mild, episodic hunger to long, intense starving, according to the context (Ge 41:55; Ps 34:11[EB 10]; 50:12; Pr 6:30; 19:15; 25:21; Isa 8:21; 9:19[EB 20]; 44:12; 49:10; 65:13; Jer 42:14+); (hif) let go hungry (Dt 8:3; Pr 10:3+), note: Pr 25:21 some parse as a, 8281

8280 רָעָב (rā·ʿāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7457, 7458; TWOT 2183a—1. LN 23.1–23.39 famine, i.e., lengthy, pandemic lack of food over a geographical area (Ge 12:10); 2. LN 23.1–23.39 starvation, hunger, i.e., an individual that lacks food for a length of time (Jer 38:9)

8281 II. רָעֵב (rā·ʿēḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 7456; TWOT 2183—LN 23.1–23.39 hungry, i.e., pertaining to lacking food in the body, and so have hunger pangs, in some contexts causing weakness and starvation (1Sa 2:5; 2Sa 17:29; 2Ki 7:12; Job 5:5; 18:12; 22:7; 24:10; Ps 107:5, 9, 36; 146:7; Pr 27:7; Isa 8:21; 29:8; 32:6; 58:7, 10; Eze 18:7, 16+), note: some parse Pr 25:21 as v., see 8279

8282 רְעָבוֹן (reʿā·ḇôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7459; TWOT 2183c—LN 23.1–23.39 famine, starvation, hunger, i.e., a prolonged state of pandemic lack of enough food for either a small or large social unit (Ge 42:19, 33; Ps 37:19+)

רעד (rʿd): see 8283

8283 רָעַד (rā·ʿǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 7460; TWOT 2184—1. LN 16 (qal impf.) tremble, i.e., make a back and forth shaking motion as in an earthquake (Ps 104:32+); 2. LN 25.251–25.269 (hif ptcp.) have great distress, formally, tremble, i.e., to be in a state of great alarm and fear, which may include an involuntary bodily reaction of shuddering or tremoring (Ezr 10:9; Da 10:11+)

8284 רַעַד (rǎ·ʿǎḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7461; TWOT 2184a, 2184b—LN 25.251–25.269 great distress, formally, trembling, i.e., a condition of great fear and anxiety, which may include an involuntary bodily reaction of shuddering or tremoring (Ex 15:15; Ps 55:6[EB 5]+)

8285 רְעָדָה (reʿā·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7461; TWOT 2184a—LN 25.251–25.269 trembling, i.e., a state or condition being in great distress, with a focus on the tremoring and shuddering of the body as an involuntary reaction to a situation (Job 4:14; Ps 2:11; 48:7[EB 6]; Isa 33:14+), see also LN 16

I. רעה (rʿh): see 8286

II. רעה (rʿh): see 8287, 8289, 8290

8286 I. רָעָה (rā·ʿā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7473;—1. LN 44 (qal) be a shepherd, i.e., care for any needs that flocks of small mammals have, and so act. as a herdsman, with a focus on providing grazing pasture for the flock and moving the flocks around to the grazing grounds (Ge 30:31), note: a shepherd both cares and tends for sheep, but also has authority over or rules a flock as a superior; 2. LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) graze, feed, pasture, browse, eat, i.e., the act. of small mammals eating plant materials from pastures (Zep 3:13); 3. LN 37.48–37.95 (qal) rule, i.e., have authority over people and so govern usually with a focus of care and concern, as a figurative extension of being a shepherd over sheep (Jer 2:8; 3:15; Mic 5:5[EB 6]); 4. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroy, formally, graze, i.e., consume and devour an object, as a figurative extension of eating grass and so consuming a pasture (Job 20:26; Ps 49:15[EB 14]), note: when the focus is on burning, see also domain LN 14.63–14.73; 5. LN 74 (qal) enable, formally, nourish, i.e., speak words which strengthen and edify another so they become more capable, as a figurative extension of providing pasture for an animal to feed on (Pr 10:21), see also domain LN 33.69–33.108; 6. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) shave, formally, graze, i.e., remove hair off the skin with a sharp cutting instrument, as a figurative extension of an animal grazing in a pasture and so taking the plant stem right to the ground (Jer 2:16), note: this is likely a reference to some kind of destruction, note: for MT text in Ps 2:9, see 8318; for qal ptcp. as n.masc. and n.fem., see 8292.5, 8292.6

8287 II. רָעָה (rā·ʿā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7462; TWOT 2185, 2186—1. LN 34.1–34.21 (qal) be a friend, be a companion, i.e., be in an association with a person in a friendly relation based on common interests or vices (Pr 13:20; 28:7; 29:3+); (hitp) make friends with (Pr 22:24+); 2. LN 34.66–34.78 (piel) be best man, i.e., be an attendant of the groom at a wedding (Jdg 14:20+), note: for another interp, see 8289; note: Job 24:21, see 8286

8288 III. רָעָה (rā·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7465; TWOT 2192—1. LN 88.105–88.125 evil, wickedness, wrongdoing, harm, i.e., that which is not morally good (as an opposite or perversion of goodness), so with an implication that the event or action is harmful in various ways (Ge 44:4); 2. LN 22.1–22.14 disaster, trouble, distress, misery, calamity, ruin, misfortune, i.e., a state of hardship in some circumstance (Ex 32:14); 3. LN 25.223–25.250 misery, suffering, i.e., a feeling or attitude of anxiety or distress (Ne 2:10; Ecc 8:6; Jnh 4:6), see also 8273, 8274

8289 IV. רָעָה (rā·ʿā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7462; TWOT 2185—LN 11.1–11.11 (piel) attend groom, be a best man, i.e., actions of service at a wedding in service of the groom (Jdg 14:20+), note: some parse as 8287

8290 V. רָעָה (rā·ʿā(h)): v. [BDB]—see 8286 (Hos 12:2[EB 1]+)

8291 רֵעֶה (rē·ʿě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7463; TWOT 2186b—1. LN 34.1–34.21 friend, companion, i.e., a male who is in close association and has regard for another (2Sa 12:11; 15:37; 16:16; Pr 3:28 K; 27:10 K+), note: for Q in Pr., see 8276; 2. LN 33.294–33.298 personal advisor, i.e., one who tells another what to do as counsel or strong suggestion, with a focus on a strong association (1Ki 4:5+), see also domain LN 34.1–34.21

8292 רֵעָה (rē·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7464; TWOT 2186c—LN 34.1–34.21 friend, companion, i.e., a female who is in close association and has regard for another (Jdg 11:37 Q,38; Ps 45:15[EB 14]+)

רֹעֶה (rō·ʿě(h)): n.masc. [oth qal ptcp.masc.sing. of 8286]; ≡ Str 7464; TWOT 2186c—1. LN 44 shepherd, i.e., a male who cares and tends small mammals (Ge 46:32); 2. LN 12.1–12.42 Shepherd, i.e., a title of God (Ge 49:24; Ps 80:2[EB 1])

רֹעָה (rō·ʿā(h)): n.fem. [oth qal ptcp. fs of 8286]; ≡ Str 7464; TWOT 2186c—LN 44 shepherdess, i.e., a female who cares and tends small mammals (Ge 29:9)

רֹעָה (rō·ʿā(h)): n.fem. [oth qal inf. of 8318]; ≡ Str 7464; TWOT 2186c—LN 19.34–19.42 breaking, i.e., the act. of fracturing an object into parts (Isa 24:19a+)

8293 רְעוּ (reʿû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7466;—LN 93-pers. (male) Reu: of Shem (Ge 11:18, 19, 20, 21; 1Ch 1:25+), see also DBLGrk 4814

8294 רְעוּאֵל (reʿû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7467;—LN 93-pers. (male) Reuel: 1. son of Esau (Ge 36:4, 10, 13, 17; 1Ch 1:35, 37+) 2. father-in-law of Moses (Ex 2:18; Nu 10:29+), see also 3861 3. of Gad (Nu 2:14+), note: for NIV text, see 1979 4. of Benjamin (1Ch 9:8+)

8295 I. רְעוּת (reʿûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7468; TWOT 2186e—1. LN 11.55–11.89 neighbor, i.e., a female who lives in close geographical proximity, and by implication the same national group (Ex 11:2+); 2. LN 58.31–58.35 another, someone else, i.e., one of the same class or kind, but of better degree or quality (Est 1:19+); 3. LN 4 mate, i.e., the female of a pair of birds (Isa 34:15, 16+); 4. LN 92.26 unit: אִשָּׁה רְעוּת ־ָה (ʾiš·šā(h) reʿûṯ ā-(h)) one another, each other, i.e., a pronoun which mark reciprocation between two (female) groups or persons (Jer 9:19[EB 20]; Zec 11:9+)

8296 II. רְעוּת (reʿûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7469; TWOT 2187b—LN 25.1–25.11 longing, craving, striving, chasing after, i.e., an aspiration or desire one wants badly enough to actively pursue (Ecc 1:14; 2:11, 17, 26; 4:4, 6; 6:9+)

8297 רְעִי (reʿî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7471; TWOT 2185a—LN 44 pasture-feeding, range-feeding, i.e., a condition of having grazing animals get their food from ranging on the open pasturage, a healthy but usually leaner class of beef-cattle (1Ki 5:3[EB 4:23]+)

8298 רֵעִי (rē·ʿî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7472;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rei: backer of Solomon in an attempted coup (1Ki 1:8+)

רֹעִי (rō·ʿî) BDB: see 8286 + 3276 (Isa 38:12; 44:28; Zec 11:17; 13:7+)

8299 רַעְיָה (rǎʿ·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7474; TWOT 2186d—LN 25.33–25.58 beloved, darling, formally, companion, i.e., one who is the object of love and affection (SS 1:9, 15; 2:2, 10, 13; 4:1, 7; 5:2; 6:4+)

8300 רֵעְיָה (rē·ʿeyā(h)): n.fem.—see 8292 (Jdg 11:37 K)

8301 רַעְיוֹן (rǎʿ·yôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7475; TWOT 2187c—LN 25.1–25.11 longing, craving, striving, chasing after, i.e., an aspiration or desire one wants badly enough to actively pursue (Ecc 1:17; 2:22; 4:16+)

רעל (rʿl): see 8302

8302 רָעַל (rā·ʿǎl): v.; ≡ Str 7477; TWOT 2188—LN 16 (hof pf.) be made to quiver, i.e., make a non-linear shaking or quivering motion of a long thin object on a fast moving wheeled vehicle as it hits various bumps and holes on the road (Na 2:4[EB 3]+), note: NIV translates “be brandished” apparently as the position the spear which will allow a quivering motion, note: in some sources (nif imv.) Hab 2:16 cj

8303 רַעַל (rǎ·ʿǎl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7478; TWOT 2188a—LN 16 reeling, staggering, tottering, wobbling, i.e., the stumbling, bumbling, half-falling motion of a drunken person as they attempt to walk (Zec 12:2+)

8304 רְעָלָה (reʿā·lā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7479; TWOT 2188b—LN 6.152–6.187 veil, i.e., a cloth covering for the face and possibly upper shoulders (Isa 3:19+)

8305 רְעֵלָיָה (reʿē·lā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7480;—LN 93-pers. (male) Reelaiah: returnee with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:2+), see also 8313

I. רעם (rʿm): see 8306

II. רעם (rʿm): see 8307

8306 I. רָעַם (rā·ʿǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7481; TWOT 2189—1. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) resound, i.e., make a very loud, roaring sound (1Ch 16:32; Ps 96:11; 98:7+); 2. LN 14.15–14.16 (hif) make thunder, i.e., cause a very loud sound from the sky, usually after lightning (1Sa 2:10; 7:10; 2Sa 22:14; Job 37:4, 5; 40:9; Ps 18:14[EB 13]; 29:3+)

8307 II. רָעַם (rā·ʿǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7481; TWOT 2189—1. LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) be distorted, i.e., contort the face with a wincing motion in surprise or fear (Eze 27:35+); 2. LN 33.406–33.411 (hif) irritate, taunt, i.e., cause annoyance or oppression to another with words and actions (1Sa 1:6+)

8308 רַעַם (rǎ·ʿǎm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7482; TWOT 2189a—1. LN 14.15–14.16 thunder, i.e., the loud sound following lightning (Job 26:14; Ps 77:19[EB 18]; 104:7; Isa 29:6+); 2. LN 33.69–33.108 thunderous shout, i.e., a very loud spoken command (Job 39:25+); 3. LN 1.34–1.38 unit: סֵתֶר רַעַם (sē·ṯěr rǎ·ʿǎm) thundercloud, i.e., an atmospheric mass from which thunder comes (Ps 81:8[EB 7]+)

8309 רַעְמָא (rǎʿ·mā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7483; TWOT 2189b—LN 93-pers. (male) Raama (Raamah NIV): grandson of Ham (1Ch 1:9+), see also 8311

8310 I. רַעְמָה (rǎʿ·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7483; TWOT 2189b—LN 8.9–8.69 flowing mane, i.e., the long hair on the back of a horse’s neck (Job 39:19+)

8311 II. רַעְמָה (rǎʿ·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7484;—LN 93-pers. (male) Raamah: grandson of Ham (Ge 10:7; Eze 27:22+), see also 8309

8312 III. רַעְמָה (rǎʿ·mā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7484;—LN 14.15–14.16 thunder, i.e., the loud sounds that follow lightning (Isa 33:3 cj+), for the MT form see 8129

8313 רַעַמְיָה (rǎ·ʿǎm·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7485;—LN 93-pers. (male) Raamiah: returnee from with Zerubbabel (Ne 7:7+), see also 8305

8314 רַעְמְסֵס (rǎʿ·mesēs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7486;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rameses: 1. a town in Egypt (Ex 1:11; 12:37; Nu 33:3, 5+) 2. region in NE Nile Delta (Ge 47:11+), see also 1777(3.)

רַעַמְסֵס (rǎ·ʿǎm·sēs) BDB: see 8314

רען (rʿn): see 8315

8315 רָעַן (rā·ʿǎn): v.; ≡ Str 7488; TWOT 2190a—LN 23.188–23.196 (palel) flourish, i.e., grow profusely, implying a green, moist, alive, fresh condition (Job 15:32+)

8316 רַעֲנָן (rǎ·ʿǎnān): adj.; ≡ Str 7488; TWOT 2190a—1. LN 79.123–79.128 spreading, i.e., pertaining to being full of leaves and so being large and notable (Dt 12:2; 1Ki 14:23; 2Ki 16:4; 17:10; 2Ch 28:4; Isa 57:5; Jer 2:20; 3:6, 13; 17:2; Eze 6:13+), note: in context, used as a suitable place to meet for pagan ritual; 2. LN 23.188–23.196 flourishing, verdant, luxuriant, i.e., pertaining to being green, fresh, and growing profusely (Ps 37:35; 52:10[EB 8]; 92:15[EB 14]; SS 1:16; Jer 11:16; 17:8; Hos 14:9[EB 8]+); 3. LN 65.20–65.29 fine, good, i.e., that which is of high value as pertains to its use and kind (Ps 92:11[EB 10]+)

I. רעע (rʿʿ): see 8317

II. רעע (rʿʿ): see 8318

8317 I. רָעַע (rā·ʿǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7489; TWOT 2191—1. LN 88.105–88.125 (qal) be bad, be evil, do wrong, do harm, i.e., be in a state or do an action which is not morally good (as an opposite or perversion of goodness), so with an implication that the event or action is harmful in various ways (Ge 38:10); (hif) do wickedness (Ge 19:7); 2. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal) be distressed, be disturbed, be miserable, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of anxiety or distress (Ne 2:3, 10); (nif) suffer harm (Pr 11:15; 13:20+); 3. LN 22.1–22.14 (qal) have trouble, have calamity, be in ruin, have misfortune, i.e., have hardship in some circumstance (Ps 106:32); 4. LN 22.21–22.28 (hif) bring trouble, mistreat, bring disaster, i.e., cause hardship in some circumstance (Nu 20:15), note: see also 5334; note: for the hif ptcp. as a noun, see 5336; note: Jer 11:16, see 8318; Nu 22:34 and Ex 21:8, see 8273; Isa 8:9, see 8131; 5. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: רָעַע לֵבָב (rā·ʿǎʿ lē·ḇāḇ) down-hearted, formally, bad of heart, i.e., be in a feeling or attitude of depression or discouragement (1Sa 1:8); 6. LN 25.85–25.98 unit: רָעַע בְּ־ עַיִן (rā·ʿǎʿ b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be displeased, be upset, begrudge, formally, evil in the eyes, i.e., find an object unacceptable, and so have a feeling of displeasure (Nu 22:34); 7. LN 25.223–25.250 unit: רָעַע בְּ־ עַיִן (rā·ʿǎʿ b- ʿǎ·yin)1 be distressed, formally, evil in the eyes, i.e., have a feeling of anxiety and distress (Ge 21:12), note: further study may yield more domains

8318 II. רָעַע (rā·ʿǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7489; TWOT 2191—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) ruin, formally, break, shatter, i.e., to be in a destroyed, ruined state (Job 34:24+), note: for another parsing of qal inf. as n.fem., see 8292.7; note: for NIV text in Ps 2:9, see 8286; (hitpolel) to come to ruin (Pr 18:24+); note: for another parsing of Pr 25:19, see 8317; 2. LN 19.34–19.42 (qal) break up, i.e., fracture an object into two or more parts (Jer 11:16; 15:12+); 3. LN 19.34–19.42 unit: רָעַע רָעַע (rā·ʿǎʿ rā·ʿǎʿ)2 break up, i.e., have splitting and cracking of an object into two or more parts (Isa 24:19ab+), note: Isa 8:9 some parse as 8131

רעף (rʿp): see 8319

8319 רָעַף (rā·ʿǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 7491; TWOT 2193—1. LN 14.10–14.14 (qal) drop, fall, drip, i.e., the movement of liquid from the sky as a gentle, healthy, non-destructive rain (Job 36:28; Pr 3:20+); (hif) cause to rain (Isa 45:8+), see also domain LN 47.1–47.7; 2. LN 59.48–59.61 (qal) overflow, i.e., be in a state of great plenty (Ps 65:12[EB 11],13[EB 12]+)

רעץ (rʿṣ): see 8320

8320 רָעַץ (rā·ʿǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 7492; TWOT 2194—LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroy, formally, shatter, i.e., to defeat another by making a decisive and ruinous, even deadly, action as a figurative extension of a crushing or shattering impact (Ex 15:6; Jdg 10:8+)

I. רעשׁ (rʿš): see 8321

II. רעשׁ (rʿš): see 8322

8321 I. רָעַשׁ (rā·ʿǎš): v.; ≡ Str 7493; TWOT 2195—1. LN 16 (qal) shake, quake, tremble, sway, i.e., the non-linear back and forth motion of an object (Jdg 5:4; 2Sa 22:8; Ps 18:8[EB 7]; 46:4[EB 3]; 68:9[EB 8]; 72:16; 77:19[EB 18]; Isa 13:13; 24:18; Jer 4:24; 8:16; 10:10; 49:21; 51:29; Eze 26:10, 15; 27:28; 38:20; Joel 2:10; 4:16[EB 3:16]; Am 9:1; Na 1:5+), note: some contexts have the associative meaning of, or reference to violence, harm, or even fear; (nif) be made to quake, tremble (Jer 50:46+); (hif) cause to shake, make to tremble (Ps 60:4[EB 2]; Isa 14:16; Eze 31:16; Hag 2:6, 7, 21+); 2. LN 15.238–15.243 (hif) cause to leap, jump, i.e., hopping motion of a locust in linear movement (Job 39:20+), note: for another interp in Ps 72:16, see 8322

8322 II. רָעַשׁ (rā·ʿǎš): v.; ≡ Str 7493; TWOT 2195—LN 59.48–59.61 (qal) be abundant, flourish, i.e., have an excess of a quantity of objects (Ps 72:16+), note: in context, a large crop of grain; note: for another interp, see 8321

8323 רַעַשׁ (rǎ·ʿǎš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7494; TWOT 2195a—1. LN 14.87 earthquake, i.e., the movement of the earth (1Ki 19:11,12; Isa 29:6; Eze 38:19; Am 1:1; Zec 14:5+); 2. LN 14.74–14.86 commotion, clamor, i.e., riotous, discordant sounds that signal chaos and frenzy (Job 39:24; Jer 10:22+); 3. LN 14.74–14.86 rattling, clattering, i.e., a staccato percussion sound caused by two hard objects knocking together (Job 41:21[EB 29]; Jer 47:3; Eze 37:7; Na 3:2+); 4. LN 14.74–14.86 rumbling, i.e., a loud but muffled sound of things moving, but not knocking into each other (Eze 3:12, 13+); 5. LN 55.2–55.6 battle, formally, commotion, i.e., the act. of two opposing military units fighting together, with a focus on the chaos and noise of the battle (Isa 9:4[EB 5]+); 6. LN 25.251–25.269 trembling, i.e., an involuntary shuddering of the body as a fearful response (Eze 12:18+), see also LN 16

רפא (rpʾ): see 8324

8324 I. רָפָא (rā·p̄ā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 7495; TWOT 2196—1. LN 23.129–23.141 (qal) heal, i.e., cause or promote restoration of health or a right state after being sick, diseased, injured, or in a bad state (Ge 20:17), note: for qal ptcp. as a n.masc., see 8325.5; (nif) healed, be cured (Lev 13:18, 37; 14:3, 48; Dt 28:27, 35; 1Sa 6:3; Isa 53:5; Jer 15:18; 17:14; 51:8, 9+); (piel) heal, attend to healing (Ex 21:19; Jer 6:14; 8:11; 51:9; Eze 34:4; Zec 11:16+); (hitp) recover (2Ki 8:29; 9:15; 2Ch 22:6+); 2. LN 79.39–79.44 (nif) fresh, i.e., pertaining to no longer being salty or poisonous, and so potable and have acceptable, pleasant taste (2Ki 2:22; Eze 47:8, 9, 11+); (piel) be fresh (2Ki 2:21+); 3. LN 13.48–13.68 (qal) mend, repair, i.e., bring an object back to a prior, preferable state (Ps 60:4[EB 2]); (nif) be repaired (Jer 19:11+); (piel) repair (1Ki 18:30+)

8325 II. רָפָא (rā·p̄ā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7498;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rapha: 1. son of Benjamin (1Ch 8:2+) 2. one from Gath (1Ch 20:6, 8+), see also 8335; note: some sources translate as a common noun “giant;” also, a part of a compound name, Beth Rapha, see 1125

רֹפֵא (rō·p̄ē(ʾ)): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 8324]; ≡ Str 7498;—1. LN 23.129–23.141 doctor, physician, medical healer, i.e., one who promotes healing as a natural process, or in limited contexts, directly healing one sick or injured (Ge 50:2; 2Ch 16:12; Jer 8:22+); 2. LN 12.1–12.42 One Healing, i.e., title for the LORD, with a focus on one who restores one to health (Ex 15:26+)

רְפֻאָה (rep̄ǔ·ʾā(h)) BDB: see 8337 (Jer 30:13; 46:11; Eze 30:21+)

8326 רִפְאוּת (rip̄·ʾûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7500; TWOT 2196b—LN 23.129–23.141 health, healing, i.e., a condition or process which causes the recovery of health and vigor (Pr 3:8+)

8327 I. רְפָאִים (rep̄ā·ʾîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7496; TWOT 2198c—LN 23.88–23.128 the dead, i.e., a class of beings that are the spirits of the departed, with a focus on the beings as ghost-like, not having material substance (Job 26:5; Ps 88:11[EB 10]; Pr 2:18; 9:18; 21:16; Isa 14:9; 26:14, 19+)

8328 II. רְפָאִים (rep̄ā·ʾîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7497; TWOT 2198d—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Rephaites: pertaining to pre-Israelite inhabitants of Palestine (Ge 14:5; 15:20; Dt 2:11, 20; 3:11, 13; Jos 12:4; 13:12; 17:15; 1Ch 20:4+), see also 8329; note: the etymology of the name suggests the name is descriptive and not based in a person or place

8329 III. רְפָאִים (rep̄ā·ʾîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7497; TWOT 2198d—LN 93-place (loc.) Rephaim: broad relatively flat valley about 2 mi. WSW of Jerusalem temple mount (Jos 15:8; 18:16; 2Sa 5:18, 22; 23:13; 1Ch 11:15; 14:9; Isa 17:5+), see also 8328

8330 רְפָאֵל (rep̄ā·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7501;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rephael: Levite gatekeeper (1Ch 26:7+)

רפד (rpd): see 8331

8331 רָפַד (rā·p̄ǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 7502; TWOT 2197—1. LN 16 (qal) move over, spread out, stretch out, i.e., a non-linear side movement of objects, with a result of leaving a visible uniform trail (Job 41:22[EB 30]+); 2. LN 46 (piel) prepare bed, formally, spread out, i.e., make up a bed for sleeping (Job 17:13+), note: in context, this refers to the state of death; 3. LN 23.78–23.87 (piel) refresh, i.e., have strength restored by eating or resting (SS 2:5+)

רפה (rph): see 8332

8332 I. רָפָה (rā·p̄ā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7503; TWOT 2198—1. LN 76 (qal) hang limp, be feeble, i.e., be in a state of lacking power or force, with a focus that the muscles have lost their muscle tone to flex and so respond to a situation (Ne 6:9; Isa 13:7; Jer 6:24; 49:24; 50:43; Eze 7:17; 21:12[EB 7]; Zep 3:16+), note: this may have an associative meaning of fear, dread, or lack of courage in some contexts; (hitp) falter (Pr 24:10+); 2. LN 15.107–15.117 (qal) sink down, i.e., make a descending linear motion from a higher to lower elevation (Isa 5:24; Jdg 19:9+); (piel) lower (Eze 1:24, 25+); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) relent, leave alone, i.e., not bother, hinder or harm another and so allow an action or continuation of an action (Ex 4:26; Jdg 8:3+); (hif) leave alone (Dt 9:14); 4. LN 15.34–15.74 (hif) leave alone, abandon, i.e., make linear motion away from an area, and so make departure, implying a withdrawal support (Dt 4:31; 31:6, 8; Jos 1:5; 10:6; 1Ch 28:20; Ne 6:3), note: see also domain LN 35.1–35.18; 5. LN 88.246–88.251 (nif) be lazy, formally, limp, i.e., habitually refuse to be in effort or work, as the opposite of diligent, focused labor (Ex 5:8, 17+); (hitp) be slack in work (Pr 18:9+); 6. LN 67.118–67.135 (hitp) wait, formally, limp, i.e., to extend a period of time unduly, as a figurative extension of being limp or slack in taking an action (Jos 18:3+); 7. LN 49 unit: מָזִיחַ (mā·zîaḥ) … רָפָה (rā·p̄ā(h)) 1 disarm, formally, take off the belt, i.e., the act. of making one defenseless or weak by taking off a military belt (Job 12:21+); 8. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: (qal) רָפָה יָד (rā·p̄ā(h) yāḏ) lose courage, be discouraged, give up, formally, limp of hand, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of hopelessness and lacking courage to resist an opponent, as a figurative extension of having a hand or arm be in a very relaxed, limp, with no flexing of the muscle for action (2Sa 4:1; 2Ch 15:7+); 9. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: (piel) רָפָה יָד (rā·p̄ā(h) yāḏ) lose courage, be discouraged, give up, formally, limp of hand, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of hopelessness and lacking courage to resist an opponent, as a figurative extension of having a hand or arm be in a very relaxed, limp, with no flexing of the muscle for action (Ezr 4:4; Jer 38:4+), note: further study may yield more domains

8333 רָפֶה (rā·p̄ě(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 7504; TWOT 2198a—1. LN 23.142–23.184 weak, feeble, i.e., pertaining to being not physically strong due to weariness (2Sa 17:2+); 2. LN 74 incapable, weak, i.e., pertaining to a community not able to accomplish a task (Nu 13:18+); 3. LN 25.288–25.296 disheartened, discouraged, i.e., pertaining to being emotionally weak and lacking hope (Job 4:3; Isa 35:3+)

8334 II. רָפָה (rā·p̄ā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7498;—LN 93-pers. (male) Raphah: of Saul (1Ch 8:37+), see also 8341(4.)

8335 III. רָפָה (rā·p̄ā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7510; TWOT 2198b—LN 93-pers. (male) Raphah (Rapha NIV): one from Gath (2Sa 21:16, 18, 20, 22+), for parallel in 1Ch 20:4, see also 8328; 1Ch 20:6, 8, see 8325

8336 רָפוּא (rā·p̄û(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7505;—LN 93-pers. (male) Raphu: of Benjamin, father of an explorer (Nu 13:9+)

8337 רְפוּאָה (rep̄û·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7499; TWOT 2196a—LN 23.129–23.141 remedy, healing, i.e., a medicinal treatment that heals or cures (Jer 30:13; 46:11; Eze 30:21+), note: this may be either a process or a medicine

רִפוֹת (ri·p̄ôṯ): see 8195 (2Sa 17:19+)

8338 רֶפַח (rě·p̄ǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7506;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rephah: of Ephraim (1Ch 7:25+)

8339 רְפִידָה (rep̄î·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7507; TWOT 2197a—1. LN 6.52–6.53 base, support, i.e., a structural element of some kind in a vehicle (SS 3:10+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.188–6.196 cover, i.e., beautiful cloth material covering the seat of a carriage, used to adorn it (SS 3:10+)

8340 רְפִידִים (rep̄î·ḏîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7508;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rephidim: stopping place on route from Egypt (Ex 17:1, 8; 19:2; Nu 33:14, 15+)

8341 רְפָיָה (rep̄ā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7509;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rephaiah: 1. of Judah (1Ch 3:21+) 2. of Simeon (1Ch 4:42+) 3. of Issachar (1Ch 7:2+) 4. of Saul (1Ch 9:43+), see also 8334 5. wall builder in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 3:9+)

רִפְיוֹן (rip̄·yôn) BDB: see 8342

8342 רִפָּיוֹן (rip·pāy·wōn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7510; TWOT 2198b—LN 25.288–25.296 discouragement, despondency, formally, hanging limp, i.e., the condition of being in such a state of such despair so as to be unable to react, as a figurative extension of slackness or limpness (Jer 47:3+)

רפס (rps): see 8342.5

רָפַס (rā·p̄ǎs): v. [see also 8346]; ≡ Str 7510; TWOT 2198b—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) muddy, formally, trample, i.e., a movement of intermixing water and dirt into an impure, unclear water (Eze 32:2+), see also domain LN 63.9–63.12; 2. LN 88.51–88.58 (hitp) humble oneself, formally, trample oneself down, i.e., act. in an unpretentious way, devoid of arrogance and pride (Pr 6:3+); 3. LN 87.58–87.75 (hitp) humbled, i.e., pertaining to having a low status (Ps 68:31[EB 30]+)

רַפְסֹדָה (rǎp̄·sō·ḏā(h)) BDB: see 8343

8343 רַפְסֹדוֹת (rǎp̄·sō·ḏôṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7513; TWOT 2200—LN 3.60–3.67 rafts, i.e., a configuration of logs bound together for transport on the water, the vessel it creates is not a focus (2Ch 2:15[EB 16]+)

רפף (rpp): see 8344

8344 רָפַף (rā·p̄ǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 7322; TWOT 2201—LN 16 (poal) shake, quake, i.e., the non-linear motion of an object (Job 26:11+), note: in context, there is an implication of “shuddering fear” as the figurative extension of an object quaking

רפק (rpq): see 8345

8345 רָפַק (rā·p̄ǎq): v.; ≡ Str 7514; TWOT 2202—LN 17.29–17.33 (hitp) lean oneself, i.e., support oneself upon an object, usually a slightly bent stance (SS 8:5+)

רפשׂ (rpś): see 8346

8346 רָפַשׂ (rā·p̄ǎś): v. [see also 8342.5]; ≡ Str 7511, 7515; TWOT 2199—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) muddy, formally, trample, i.e., a movement of intermixing water and dirt into an impure, unclear water (Eze 34:18+), see also domain LN 63.9–63.12; 2. LN 79.48–79.56 (nif) muddied, i.e., pertaining to not being clean, as the feature of water (Pr 25:26+), see also domain LN 79.97–79.99

8347 רֶפֶשׁ (rě·p̄ěš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7516; TWOT 2203a—LN 2.14–2.28 mire, muck, i.e., wet particles of dirt (Isa 57:20+), note: Holladay translates “slime, seaweed” as a plant material, see also domain LN 3.13–3.32

8348 רֶפֶת (rě·p̄ěṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7517; TWOT 2204—LN 7.63–7.76 stall, pen, i.e., an enclosure for cattle for feeding and containing the animal (Hab 3:17+)

8349 רַץ (rǎṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7518; TWOT 2212a—LN 79.104–79.109 ingot, bar, i.e., a relatively large piece of precious metal in a three dimensional shape, in context given as tribute, see also domain LN 6.68–6.82 (Ps 68:31[EB 30]+), note: some sources change text to 1309, others relate to verb 8354; note: for more discussion, see WBC20:169; note: in context this may be a less specific shape and so translate “lump” or “piece”

8350 רָץ (rāṣ): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. 8132]; ≡ Str 7323; TWOT 2137—1. LN 37.119–37.126 guard, i.e., watch over and protect another, with a focus on making linear motion necessary to protect and serve as a guard (1Sa 22:17; 1Ki 14:28a; 2Ki 11:4; 2Ch 12:10) note: with anomalous Hebrew or Aramaic masc.pl. ending ־ִין (i-yn) in 2Ki 11:13; 2. LN 15.230–15.237 runner, i.e., a person who makes swift linear movement, for any of various reasons (Job 9:25); 3. LN 33.189–33.217 courier, messenger, runner, i.e., one who gives information to another place by means of linear movement, which may include running motion (2Ch 30:6; Est 3:13; 8:10; Jer 51:31ab)

8351 I. רָצָא (rā·ṣā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 7519; TWOT 2205—LN 15.222 (qal) speed forth, i.e., make very quick linear movements, possibly by running motion (Eze 1:14+), see also 8132

8352 II. רָצָא (rā·ṣā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 7521; TWOT 2207—see 8354

רצד (rṣd): see 8353

8353 רָצַד (rā·ṣǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 7520; TWOT 2206—LN 24.1–24.51 (piel) watch carefully, gaze, i.e., to watch with duration and intensity, with a focus on the look being given in hostility, opposition, or envy (Ps 68:17[EB 16]+), see also domain LN 39.1–39.12

I. רצה (rṣh): see 8354

II. רצה (rṣh): see 8355

8354 I. רָצָה (rā·ṣā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7521; TWOT 2207—1. LN 25.102–25.115 (qal) be pleased, delight in, enjoy, favor, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of fondness and finding pleasure in an object, implying it to be delightful and favorable in the opinion of the speaker (1Ch 28:4); (qal pass.) be favored, esteemed (Dt 33:24; Est 10:3+); (piel) (Job 20:10+), see 8355; (hif) enjoy (Lev 26:34b+); (hitp) regain favor (1Sa 29:4+); 2. LN 33.278–33.280 (qal) accept, agree, i.e., receive an object showing compliance to a proposition or agreement, implying relationship between parties (2Sa 24:23), note: see also domain LN 57.125–57.141; (nif) be accepted (Lev 1:4; 7:18; 19:7; 22:23, 25, 27+), note: Lev 26:34ab, 43a; 2Ch 36:21; Job 20:10 some parse as 8355

8355 II. רָצָה (rā·ṣā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7521; TWOT 2207—LN 57.152–57.171 (qal) pay for, make amends, i.e., make restitution or compensation for damages or loss (Lev 26:34a, 41, 43; 2Ch 36:21+), note: in some contexts this may refer to punishment or discipline for sinning; note: Lev 26:34, 43a; 2Ch 36:21 some parse as 8354; (nif) be paid for (Isa 40:2+); (piel) make amends (Job 20:10+), note: Job 20:10 piel, some parse as 8354; (hif) be restituted (Lev 26:34b+), note: Lev 26:34b hif some parse as 8354

8356 רָצוֹן (rā·ṣôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7522; TWOT 2207a—1. LN 25.12–25.32 pleasure, will, wish, i.e., a strong desire which implies a choice (Ge 49:6; 2Ch 15:15); 2. LN 25.85–25.98 acceptance, favor, i.e., a state or condition of approval, implying pleasure in the event (Ex 28:38)

רצח (rṣḥ): see 8357

8357 רָצַח (rā·ṣǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7523; TWOT 2208—LN 20.61–20.88 (qal) murder, kill, i.e., take the life one another so as to cause a state of death (Ex 20:13; Nu 35:6, 11, 12, 16,17,18,19, 21,25, 26, 27,28, 30,31; Dt 4:42; 5:17; 19:3, 4, 6; 22:26; Jos 20:3, 5, 6; 21:13, 21, 27, 32, 38; 1Ki 21:19; Job 24:14; Jer 7:9; Hos 4:2+), note: this action can refer to an accident, manslaughter, premeditation, or governmental execution; (nif) murdered, be killed (Jdg 20:4; Pr 22:13+); (piel) murder, kill (Ps 62:4[EB 3]; 94:6; Hos 6:9+), note: for piel ptcp. as a noun in 2Ki 6:32; Isa 1:21, see 5344.5

8358 רֶצַח (rě·ṣǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7524; TWOT 2208a—1. LN 20.61–20.88 slaughter, i.e., the act. of killing, implying an intense, comprehensive act. (Eze 21:27[EB 22]+), note: some sources change text to 7658, 7659; 2. LN 19.34–19.42 shattering, formally, kill, i.e., the act. of crushing a hard, relatively brittle object (Ps 42:11[EB 10]+), note: NIV translates the reference, “mortal agony” as the figurative extension of physical pain caused by shattering of a bone

8359 רִצְיָא (riṣ·yā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7525;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rizia: of Asher (1Ch 7:39+)

8360 רְצִין (reṣîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7526;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rezin: 1. king of Damascus (2Ki 15:37; 16:5, 6, 9; Isa 7:1, 4, 8; 8:6; 9:10[EB 11]+) 2. ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:48; Ne 7:50+)

רצע (rṣʿ): see 8361

8361 רָצַע (rā·ṣǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7527; TWOT 2209—LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) pierce, bore, i.e., punch a hole in an object with a sharp object (Ex 21:6+)

רצף (rṣp) Holladay: see 8362

רצף (rṣp)[1] KB, Lisowsky: see 8362

8362 רָצַף (rā·ṣǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 7528; TWOT 2210—LN 49 (qal pass.) be inlaid, i.e., pertaining to being fitted into a decorative design usually on a surface (SS 3:10+)

8363 I. רֶצֶף (rě·ṣěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7529; TWOT 2223a—LN 14.63–14.73 hot coal, live ember, i.e., very hot, glowing piece of burning carbon material (1Ki 19:6+), see also 8365

8364 II. רֶצֶף (rě·ṣěp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7530;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rezeph: town in Assyria (2Ki 19:12; Isa 37:12+)

8365 I. רִצְפָּה (riṣ·pā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7531; TWOT 2210a, 2211a—LN 14.63–14.73 hot coal, live ember, i.e., very hot, glowing piece of burning carbon material (Isa 6:6+), see also 8363

8366 II. רִצְפָּה (riṣ·pā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7532;—LN 93-pers. (female) Rizpah: concubine of Saul (2Sa 3:7; 21:8, 10, 11+)

8367 רִצְפָה (riṣ·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7531; TWOT 2210a—LN 7.63–7.76 pavement, i.e., a flat area made of stone, as a floor of a structure or open area (2Ch 7:3; Est 1:6; Eze 40:17,18; 42:3+), note: the floor can be plain or an artistic mosaic

רְצָפִים (reṣā·p̄îm) BDB: see 8363 (1Ki 19:6+)

רצץ (rṣṣ): see 8368

8368 רָצַץ (rā·ṣǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 7533; TWOT 2212—1. LN 22.21–22.28 (qal) oppress, i.e., cause the trouble, hardship, and harassment of an opponent or enemy, as a figurative extension of hitting an object with physical impact (1Sa 12:3, 4; Am 4:1+); (qal pass.) oppress (Dt 28:33; Isa 58:6; Hos 5:11+); (nif) oppressed, feel discouragement of oppression (Isa 42:4 cj+), see also domain LN 25.288–25.296; (piel) oppress (2Ch 16:10; Job 20:19+); (polel) oppress (Jdg 10:8+); 2. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal) break, smash, i.e., make physical impact on an object by hitting or striking, with the result being a shattering or splintering of a relatively brittle object into pieces or strips (2Ki 23:12; Ecc 12:6a+); (qal pass.) be smashed, broken, splintered (2Ki 18:21; Isa 36:6; 42:3+); (nif) broken, be splintered (Ecc 12:6b; Eze 29:7+); (piel) crack open, crush (Ps 74:14+); (hif) crack open, crush to pieces (Jdg 9:53+), note: see also domain LN 19.34–19.42; 3. LN 50 (hitpolel) struggle together, jostle each other, i.e., have a physical contest to gain a superior position over an opponent, as in a wrestling match (Ge 25:22+), note: some parse Isa 42:4 and 2Ki 23:12 as 8132

רַק (rǎq) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8369, 8370

8369 I. רַק (rǎq): adj.; ≡ Str 7534; TWOT 2218a—LN 86.1–86.3 lean, gaunt, lank, thin, slim, i.e., pertaining to an underweight animal as being chronically underfed, and so an unhealthy appearance (Ge 41:19, 20, 27+)

8370 II. רַק (rǎq): adv.; ≡ Str 7535; TWOT 2218a—1. LN 58.47–58.53 only, exclusively, i.e., pertaining to that which is unique and distinctive, sometimes implying a restrictiveness of kind, singleness of fact or instance (Ge 6:5); 2. LN 89.124–89.138 but, except that, however, nevertheless, i.e., a marker of contrast involving an exception (1Ki 8:9), note: further study may yield more domains

רֵק (rēq) BDB: see 8199

8371 רֹק (rōq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7536; TWOT 2219a—1. LN 8.70–8.77 spit, saliva, sputum, spittle, i.e., a body fluid which resides or comes to the mouth (Job 30:10; Isa 50:6+); 2. LN 67.78–67.117 unit: עַד בָּלַע רֹק (ʿǎḏ bā·lǎʿ rōq) instantly, formally, as a swallow my spit, a very brief duration of time (Job 7:19+)

רקב (rqb): see 8372

8372 רָקַב (rā·qǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7537; TWOT 2213—1. LN 23.205 (qal) rot, decay, i.e., undergo decomposition of organic material by bacteria, fungus, or parasitical animals (Isa 40:20+), note: Holladay translates “to become worm-eaten”; 2. LN 29.13–29.15 (qal) be forgotten, formally, rot, i.e., to not recall information at all about a person or other information (Pr 10:7+)

רָקֵב (rā·qēḇ) BDB: see 8372

8373 רָקָב (rā·qāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7538; TWOT 2213a—1. LN 23.205 something rotten, i.e., an organic object which decays by bacteria, fungus, or parasitical animals (Job 13:28; Hos 5:12+), note: for a Job 13:28 cj, see 8374; 2. LN 23.142–23.184 infection, degeneration, caries (bone decay), formally, rottenness or decay, i.e., an inflammation or degeneration of a joint or bone which can cause pain or weakness (Pr 12:4; 14:30; Hab 3:16+)

8374 רֹקֶב (rō·qěḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7538; TWOT 2213a—LN 6.118–6.151 wine-skin, i.e., a leather bottle used to contain liquid (Job 13:28 cj+), note: for NIV text, see 8373

8375 רִקָּבוֹן (riq·qā·ḇôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7539; TWOT 2213b—LN 23.205 rottenness, decay, a state of undergoing decomposition of organic material by bacteria, fungus, or parasitical animals (Job 41:19[EB 27]+)

רקד (rqd): see 8376

8376 רָקַד (rā·qǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 7540; TWOT 2214—1. LN 15.238–15.243 (qal) skip, leap, jump, i.e., make a hopping, bouncing linear motion in an energetic yet inefficient manner, showing great energy due to fear or joyful excitement (Ps 114:4, 6+), note: this can refer to an animal or a vehicle bouncing; (piel) leap about (Isa 13:21; Joel 2:5; Na 3:2+); (hif) make skip (Ps 29:6+); 2. LN 15.244 (qal) dance, i.e., make patterned, rhythmic movement, usually in joyous celebration, with a focus that the dance has great energy leaping and skipping (Ecc 3:4+); (piel) dance (1Ch 15:29; Job 21:11+)

8377 רַקָּה (rǎq·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7541; TWOT 2218c—LN 8.9–8.69 temple, i.e., the flattened space on the side of the head of humans and some other mammals (Jdg 4:21, 22; 5:26; SS 4:3; 6:7+)

רִקּוּחַ (riq·qûaḥ) BDB: see 8383

8378 רַקּוֹן (rǎq·qôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7542;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rakkon: town in Dan (Jos 19:46+)

רִקּוּעַ (riq·qûaʿ) BDB: see 8393

רקח (rqḥ): see 8379

8379 רָקַח (rā·qǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7543; TWOT 2215—LN 6.205–6.212 (qal) make perfume, mix spices, i.e., prepare and mix aromatic cosmetic and health products consisting of oils, powders, herbs, and various kinds of fragrant materials (Ex 30:33; 1Ch 9:30+); (pual) blended, mixed (2Ch 16:14+); (hif) mix spices (Eze 24:10+), note: for qal ptcp. as n.masc., see 8381.5

8380 רֶקַח (rě·qǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7544; TWOT 2215a—LN 5.23–5.28 spice, i.e., tasty powdered herbs (of any kind) used as a condiment to enhance consumables (SS 8:2+)

8381 רֹקַח (rō·qǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7545; TWOT 2215b—LN 6.205–6.212 spice-blend, i.e., a mixture of fragrant spices with a wonderful aroma (Ex 30:25, 35+)

רֹקֵחַ (rō·qēaḥ): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 8379]; ≡ Str 7545; TWOT 2215b—LN 6.205–6.212 perfumer, i.e., a person who prepares and mixes aromatic products (Ex 30:25, 35; 37:29; Ecc 10:1+), see also 8379

8382 רַקָּח (rǎq·qāḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7546; TWOT 2215c—LN 6.205–6.212 perfume-maker, ointment-mixer, i.e., male who professionally produces spice-blends (Ne 3:8+), see also 8384

רִקֻּח (riq·qǔḥ) Lisowsky [sic]: see 8383

8383 רִקֻּחַ (riq·qǔaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7547; TWOT 2215e—LN 6.205–6.212 perfume, fragrant ointment, i.e., an oil-based spice salve or ointment (Isa 57:9+)

8384 רַקָּחָה (rǎq·qā·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7548; TWOT 2215d—LN 6.205–6.212 perfume-maker, ointment-mixer, i.e., female who professionally produces spice-blends (1Sa 8:13+), see also 8382

8385 רָקִיעַ (rā·qîaʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7549; TWOT 2217a—LN 1.5–1.16 expanse, firmament, i.e., an area of atmospheric space, either relatively close to the ground or in the upper limit of the sky and heavens (Ge 1:6, 7,8, 14, 15, 17, 20; Ps 19:2[EB 1]; 150:1; Eze 1:22, 23, 25, 26; 10:1; Da 12:3+), note: though to the modern mind the expanse of the sky is a void of empty space, it is perceived as a “solid” space (hence firmament) and is so a kind of base to hold up highly heavenly objects such as water or a throne, see also domain LN 7.26–7.53

8386 רָקִיק (rā·qîq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7550; TWOT 2218b—LN 5.1–5.22 wafer, i.e., a thin, flat, usually round, cake of food (Ex 29:2, 23; Lev 2:4; 7:12; 8:26; Nu 6:15, 19; 1Ch 23:29+)

רקם (rqm): see 8387

8387 רָקַם (rā·qǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7551; TWOT 2216—1. LN 48 (qal) weave variegated cloth (Ex 26:36; 27:16; 28:39; 35:35; 36:37; 38:18, 23; 39:29+), note: for qal ptcp. as n.masc., see 8387.5; 2. LN 42.29–42.40 (pual) formed, fashioned, formally, woven, i.e., be created and fashioned out of existing materials, as a figurative extension of weaving cloth into a product (Ps 139:15+), note: this apparently refers to the gestation process as a figurative extension of forming dust in or under the ground into a person, see also domain LN 23.46–23.60

רֹקֵם (rō·qēm): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 8387]; ≡ Str 7551; TWOT 2216—LN 48 weaver of colored fabric, i.e., a person who works making variegated, colorful cloth (Ex 26:36; 27:16; 28:39; 35:35; 36:37; 38:18, 23; 39:29+), note: NIV translates “embroiderer” which may then have a reference to needlework

8388 רָקֶם (rā·qěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7552;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rakem: of Manasseh (1Ch 7:16+)

8389 I. רֶקֶם (rě·qěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7552;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rekem: town in Benjamin (Jos 18:27)

8390 II. רֶקֶם (rě·qěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7552;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rekem: 1. king of Midian (Nu 31:8; Jos 13:21+) 2. of Caleb (1Ch 2:43, 44+)

8391 רִקְמָה (riq·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7553; TWOT 2216a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 beautiful finished cloth, i.e., embroidered works of colored fabric (Jdg 5:30; Ps 45:15[EB 14]; Eze 16:10, 13, 18; 26:16; 27:7, 16, 24+); 2. LN 79.26–79.38 variegated, i.e., variety of colors as a beautiful pattern (Eze 17:3; 1Ch 29:2+)

רקע (rqʿ): see 8392

8392 רָקַע (rā·qǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7554; TWOT 2217—1. LN 16 (qal) spread out, i.e., make a non-linear movement of a relatively thin object move outward covering an ever greater area, as a figurative extension of hammering out metal into a thin layer (Ps 136:6; Isa 42:5; 44:24+), see also domain LN 79.114–79.117; 2. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) trample, i.e., make a pressing motion with the feet, with an associative meaning of destruction (2Sa 22:43+); 3. LN 33.476–33.489 (qal) stamp upon, i.e., make a pressing motion with the feet onto the ground, as a non-verbal communication of indignation or grief (Eze 6:11; 25:6+); 4. LN 45 (piel) hammer out thin, i.e., beat or hammer metal with an implement so as to make a thin layer of metal (Ex 39:3; Nu 17:4[EB 16:39]+); (pual) hammered, be beaten thin (Jer 10:9+); (hif) hammer, make into plated metal (Job 37:18+), note: in Job this refers to covering an object, see also domain LN 79.114–79.117, LN 16; 5. LN 45 (piel) overlay, i.e., cover an object with another object, with a focus that this occurs by hammering thin metal as a part of a construction process (Isa 40:19+), note: see also domain LN 79.114–79.117

8393 רִקֻּעַ (riq·qǔaʿ): adj. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 7555; TWOT 2217b—LN 79.114–79.117 gilded, hammered out, beaten thin, formally, expanded, i.e., pertaining to being made into a gilding as a decorative layer of metal (Nu 17:3[EB 16:38]+)

רקק (rqq) Holladay: see 8394

רקק (rqq)[1] KB: see 8394

רקק (rqq)[2] Lisowsky: see 8394

8394 רָקַק (rā·qǎq): v.; ≡ Str 7556; TWOT 2219—LN 23.43 (qal impf.) spit, i.e., expel saliva or expectorant matter from the mouth, with an associative meaning of a non-verbal signal of extreme contempt, see also domain LN 33.476–33.489 or LN 88.192–88.197 (Lev 15:8+)

8395 רַקַּת (rǎq·qǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7557;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rakkath: town of Naphtali, (Jos 19:35+)

רָשׁ (rāš): adj. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 8133]; ≡ Str 7557;—LN 57.37–57.48 poor, needy, i.e., pertaining to physical poverty, but implying low social status and even contemptibleness as a class of people (1Sa 18:23; 2Sa 12:1, 3, 4; Ps 82:3; Pr 13:8, 23; 14:20; 17:5; 18:23; 19:1, 7, 22; 22:2, 7; 28:3 MT,6, 27; 29:13; Ecc 4:14; 5:7+), see also domain LN 87.58–87.75, note: for NIV text in Pr 28:3, see 8031

8396 רֹשׁ (rōš): n.masc.n.pr.; ≡ Str 7220;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rosh: a place, possibly a district on the border of Babylonia and Elam (Eze 38:2 cj,3 cj; 39:1 cj+), note: for another interp as common noun, see also 8034, 8031

8397 רִשְׁיוֹן (riš·yôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7558; TWOT 2220a—LN 37.35–37.47 authorization, permission, i.e., full authority to carry out an assignment or commission (Ezr 3:7+)

רֵשִׁית (rē·šîṯ): see 8040 (Dt 11:12+)

רשׁם (ršm): see 8398

8398 רָשַׁם (rā·šǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7559; TWOT 2221—LN 33.35–33.68 (qal pass. ptcp.) be written, inscribed, i.e., pertaining to the content of what is written (Da 10:21+)

רשׁע (ršʿ): see 8399

8399 רָשַׁע (rā·šǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7561; TWOT 2222—1. LN 88.289–88.318 (qal) be evil, act. wickedly, i.e., act. in a manner that violates a good and proper standard (2Sa 22:22; 1Ki 8:47; 2Ch 6:37; Ps 18:22[EB 21]; Ecc 7:17; Da 9:15+); (hif) do wrong, violate the standard (2Ch 20:35; 22:3; Ne 9:33; Job 34:12; Ps 106:6; Da 9:5; 11:32; 12:10+); 2. LN 88.289–88.318 (qal) be guilty, i.e., be in a state of having done evil and so be liable for a just punishment or penalty (Job 9:29; 10:7, 15+); (hif) declare guilty, condemn (Ex 22:8[EB 9]; Dt 25:1; 1Ki 8:32; Job 9:20; 10:2; 15:6; 32:3; 34:17, 29; 40:8; Ps 37:33; 94:21; Pr 12:2; 17:15; Isa 50:9; 54:17+), note: for a focus on making legal proclamation, see also domain LN 56.20–56.34; 3. LN 55.2–55.6 (hif) inflict punishment, i.e., fight in a very effective manner, so the enemy suffers defeat or great loss, with a focus that the enemies’ defeat is a just punishment based on the enemies’ guilt (1Sa 14:47+)

8400 רֶשַׁע (rě·šǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7562; TWOT 2222a—1. LN 88.105–88.125 wickedness, evil, injustice, i.e., a state or condition of evil, with a focus on the violation of moral or civil law by evil deeds (Dt 9:27; 1Sa 24:14[EB 13]; Job 34:8, 10; 35:8; Ps 5:5[EB 4]; 10:15; 45:8[EB 7]; 141:4; Pr 4:17; 8:7; 10:2; 12:3; Ecc 3:16; 7:25; 8:8; Isa 58:4, 6; Jer 14:20; Eze 3:19; 7:11; 31:11; 33:12; Hos 10:13; Mic 6:10, 11+); 2. LN 88.105–88.125 the wicked, the unrighteous, i.e., a class of persons who are evil, with a focus on the guilt of violating a standard (Ps 84:11[EB 10]; 125:3+); 3. LN 88.105–88.125 unit: עָשָׂה רֶשַׁע (ʿā·śā(h) rě·šǎʿ) wrongdoing, i.e., deeds which violate the civil law (Pr 16:12+)

8401 רָשָׁע (rā·šāʿ): adj. [see also 8401.5]; ≡ Str 7563; TWOT 2222b—1. LN 88.105–88.125 wicked, unrighteous, i.e., pertaining to being evil, with a focus on the guilt of violating a standard (2Sa 4:11); 2. LN 88.289–88.318 guilty, i.e., pertaining to being legally not innocent of a violation of law (Ps 109:7)

רָשָׁע (rā·šāʿ): n.masc. [served by 8401]; ≡ Str 7563; TWOT 2222b—1. LN 88.105–88.125 the wicked, the unrighteous, i.e., a class of persons who are evil, with a focus on the guilt of violating a standard (Ge 18:25); 2. LN 88.289–88.318 the guilty, i.e., a class of persons who are legally not innocent of a violation of law (Dt 25:1); 3. LN 88.105–88.125 wickedness, i.e., a state or condition of evil, with a focus on transgression of law or standard (Pr 18:3)

8402 רִשְׁעָה (riš·ʿā(h)): n.fem. [see also 8402.5]; ≡ Str 7564; TWOT 2222c—1. LN 88.105–88.125 wickedness, evil, i.e., a state or condition of evil, with a focus on the deeds which violate law (Dt 9:4, 5; 25:2; Pr 11:5; 13:6; Isa 9:17[EB 18]; Eze 5:6; 18:20, 27; 33:12, 19; Zec 5:8+); 2. LN 88.105–88.125 unit: רִשְׁעָה עָשָׂה (riš·ʿā(h) ʿā·śā(h))1 evildoer, wrongdoer, i.e., persons who do evil, with a focus on violation of law (Mal 3:15, 19[EB 4:1]+)

רִשְׁעָה (riš·ʿā(h)): n.pr. [served by 8402]; ≡ Str 7564; TWOT 2222c—LN 93-place unit: גְּבוּל רִשְׁעָה (geḇûl riš·ʿā(h)) (loc.) the Wicked Land: an area inhabited by the Edomites (Mal 1:4+), note: other sources translate as a common noun, see 8402

8403 רִשְׁעָתַיִם (riš·ʿā·ṯǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 3573;—LN 93-pers. (male) Rishathaim: part of a compound name, Cushan-Rishathaim, see 3937

8404 I. רֶשֶׁף (rě·šěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7565; TWOT 2223a—1. LN 14.63–14.73 flame, i.e., the glowing, hot, gaseous part of a fire which blazes (Ps 76:4[EB 3]; SS 8:6+), note: NIV translates in Ps. “flashing,” apparently with a focus on the glint of light reflecting on a moving arrow, and not a burning head of a “fire-arrow,” see also domain LN 14.36–14.52; 2. LN 14.63–14.73 unit: בֵּן רֶשֶׁף (bēn rě·šěp̄)1 sparks, formally, sons of flame, i.e., very small particles of burning material, often floating upward off the hot-rising air of an open fire (Job 5:7+); 3. LN 14.15–14.16 lightning bolt, i.e., a shaft of lightning as a natural occurrence in nature (Ps 78:48+); 4. LN 23.142–23.184 pestilence, formally, bolt of lightning, i.e., a pandemic disease which is destructive and contagious (Dt 32:24; Hab 3:5+)

8405 II. רֶשֶׁף (rě·šěp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7566;—LN 93-pers. (male) Resheph: of Ephraim (1Ch 7:25+)

רשׁשׁ (ršš): see 8406

8406 רָשַׁשׁ (rā·šǎš): v.; ≡ Str 7567; TWOT 2224—LN 20.31–20.60 (polel impf.) destroy, formally, shatter or crush, i.e., actively thoroughly ruin a city or other object as a figurative extension of a crushing motion (Jer 5:17+); (pual pf.) be destroyed, formally, crushed or shattered (Mal 1:4+)

8407 רֶשֶׁת (rě·šěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7568; TWOT 920c—1. LN 6.4–6.9 net, i.e., a mesh used for catching game (Job 18:8); 2. LN 37.1–37.32 snare, trap, formally, net, i.e., something that captures, restrains, and confines, as a figurative extension of a hunting net (Ps 9:16); 3. LN 6.188–6.196 network, i.e., a net-like configuration of metal grating, as an adornment (Ex 27:4,5; 38:4)

8408 רַתּוֹק (rǎt·tôq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7569; TWOT 2227b—1. LN 6.188–6.196 chain, i.e., a series of metal links, used as an ornament (1Ki 6:21 Q+); 2. LN 6.14–6.22 chain, i.e., a series of metal links, used as an implement to bind or fasten for captivity (Eze 7:23+), see also 8411; note: some sources believe this chain may refer to the ornamental chain on idol, and so refer to a pagan religious ceremony to invoke favor; note: some change text to “havoc, slaughter” 1438

רַתּוּקוֹת (rǎt·tû·qôṯ): see 8408

רתח (rtḥ): see 8409

8409 רָתַח (rā·ṯǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7570; TWOT 2225—1. LN 47.8–47.13 (piel imv.) boil, i.e., to bubble and churn of a liquid mass, caused either by heat or physical movement of the mass with an object (Eze 24:5+), note: used here for cooking, see also domain LN 46; (hif impf.) make to churn (Job 41:23[EB 31]+), see also domain LN 16; 2. LN 25.223–25.250 (pual pf.) be distressed, suffer, formally, be caused to churn, i.e., to have worry and emotional anxiety as a figurative extension of the churning motion of a liquid mass (Job 30:27+)

8410 רֶתַח (rě·ṯǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7571; TWOT 2225a—1. LN 47.8–47.13 boiling, i.e., the act. of bringing a liquid mass to a churning, bubbling state (Eze 24:5+), note: see also domain LN 46; 2. LN 47.8–47.13 unit: רָתַח רֶתַח (rā·ṯǎḥ rě·ṯǎḥ) vigorous boil, i.e., a very high, hot boiling state (Eze 24:5+), note: see also domain LN 46

8411 רַתִּיקָה (rǎt·tî·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7572; TWOT 2227b—see 8408 (1Ki 6:21 K+)

רתיקות (rtyqwt) BDB: see 8411, 8408

רַתִּיקוֹת (rǎt·tî·qôṯ) Lisowsky: see 8411, 8408

רתם (rtm): see 8412

8412 רָתַם (rā·ṯǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7573; TWOT 2226—LN 18.12–18.23 (qal imv.) harness, i.e., attach or bind straps, cords, and metal buckles or rings from a large mammal to a vehicle it will pull (Mic 1:13+), see also domain LN 44

8413 רֹתֶם (rō·ṯěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7574; TWOT 2226a—LN 3.2–3.12 (most versions) broom tree, i.e., a desert shade bush or shrub that can grow large, with a bitter, possibly toxic root, Retama raetam (1Ki 19:4, 5; Job 30:4; Ps 120:4+); note: KJV translates “juniper,” see also domain LN 3.13–3.32

8414 רִתְמָה (riṯ·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7575;—LN 93-place (loc.) Rithmah: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:18, 19+)

רתק (rtq): see 8415

8415 רָתַק (rā·ṯǎq): v.; ≡ Str 7576; TWOT 2227—1. LN 18.12–18.23 (pual pf.) be bound, i.e., have a binding implement fastened on the hands or feet (Na 3:10+), note: in context, likely metal chains or fetters are the implements which fasten; 2. LN 19.34–19.42 (nif impf.) be severed, snapped, i.e., pertaining to a physical breaking into two parts (Ecc 12:6 Q+), note: for K, see 8178; note: some change text to 5998

רְתֻקָה (reṯǔ·qā(h)) BDB: see 8416

8416 רְתֻקוֹת (reṯǔ·qôṯ): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7577; TWOT 2227a—LN 6.188–6.196 chains, i.e., a series of metal links, used as an ornament (Isa 40:19+)

8417 רְתֵת (reṯēṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7578; TWOT 2228a—LN 25.251–25.269 terror, formally, trembling, i.e., that which causes fright and fear (Hos 13:1+)
Swanson, J. (1997). Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains : Hebrew (Old Testament) (electronic ed.). Oak Harbor: Logos Research Systems, Inc.
)

שׂ

8418 שׂ (ś): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

8419 שְׂאֹר (śeʾōr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7603; TWOT 2229a—LN 5.1–5.22 yeast, leaven, i.e., a fungus culture used in processing food or drink (Ex 12:15, 19; 13:7; Lev 2:11; Dt 16:4+)

8420 I. שְׂאֵת (śeʾēṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7613; TWOT 1421j—1. LN 87.19–87.57 splendor, honor, formally, loftiness, i.e., the state of having high status (Ge 49:3; Job 13:11; 31:23; Hab 1:7+); 2. LN 40.8–40.13 forgiveness, formally, lifting up, i.e., the removal of guilt with a focus on the acceptance and relationship which accompanies the forgiveness (Ge 4:7+), note: other meanings have also been proposed for the lexeme; 3. LN 17.1–17.11 rising up, standing up, i.e., a motion of ascending from a staid or sitting position, implying action (Job 41:17[EB 25]+); 4. LN 87.19–87.57 loft position, i.e., to have a high status as a figurative extension of an elevated place (Ps 62:5[EB 4]), note: for Ps 62:5[EB 4] cj, see 5395

8421 II. שְׂאֵת (śeʾēṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7613; TWOT 1421j—LN 23.142–23.184 a swelling, i.e., an expanded area of the skin with body fluid, indicating an infection or disease of the body (Lev 13:2, 10,19, 28, 43; 14:56+), note: some translate as “blotch” as a more generic imperfection

שָׂב (śāḇ) BDB: see 8482

8422 שְׂבָכָה (śeḇā·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7638, 7639; TWOT 2230b—1. LN 6.188–6.196 network, meshing, i.e., a flexible interwoven mesh used as an ornamental art in the temple (1Ki 7:17,18, 20, 41, 42; 2Ki 25:17; 2Ch 4:12, 13; Jer 52:22, 23+); 2. LN 6.23–6.25 mesh of a net used for capture and hunting (Job 18:8+); 3. LN 7.26–7.53 lattice, i.e., a framework of crossed wood strips, as a kind of window of a house (2Ki 1:2+)

שְׂבָכִים (śeḇā·ḵîm) BDB: see 8422 (1Ki 7:17+)

8423 שְׂבָם (śeḇām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7643;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sebam: town allotted to Reuben (Nu 32:3+), see also 8424

8424 שִׂבְמָה (śiḇ·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7643;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sibmah: town allotted to Reuben, near Heshbon (Nu 32:38; Jos 13:19; Isa 16:8, 9; Jer 48:32+), see also 8423

שׂבע (śbʿ): see 8425

8425 שָׂבַע (śā·ḇǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7646; TWOT 2231—1. LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) be satisfied, i.e., be in a state of physical contentment, due to having physical needs met in abundance or excess (Dt 6:11), note: this includes food, drink, provisions, and rest, etc.; (nif ptcp.) have one’s fill (Job 31:31+); (piel) satisfy (Eze 7:19+); (hif) satisfy (Job 38:27; Ps 81:17[EB 16]; 105:40; 107:9; 132:15; 145:16; 147:14; Isa 58:10, 11; La 3:15; Eze 32:4+), note: in some contexts this satiation refers to a more general feeling or attitude of contentment; note: in some contexts this can refer to abundant killing; 2. LN 25.80–25.84 (qal) be satisfied, i.e., feeling or attitude of contentment, implying confidence in one’s present circumstance and also future events (Ps 17:15); (piel) (Ps 90:14+); (hif) satisfy, fill all needs (Ps 91:16; 103:5; Jer 5:7; Eze 27:33+); 3. LN 24.77–24.94 (qal) be full, have too much, i.e., have a great deal of hardship and pain, implying one is in a state disorientation (Ps 88:4[EB 3]); (hif) be overwhelmed (Job 9:18+); 4. LN 59.48–59.61 (qal) have excess, have more than enough, i.e., have an abundance or excess of objects (Isa 1:11), note: further study may yield more domains

8426 שָׂבָע (śā·ḇāʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7647; TWOT 2231c—LN 59.48–59.61 abundance, overflowing, i.e., a condition of plenty and more than enough (Ge 41:29, 30, 31, 34, 47, 53; Pr 3:10; Ecc 5:11[EB 12]+), note: some sources in Ecc 5:11[EB 12] shift the focus to an overly full feeling of eating too much, see also domain LN 23.1–23.39; note: for Pr 3:10 cj (with same domain of meaning) see 8682

8427 שֹׂבַע (śō·ḇǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7648; TWOT 2231a—1. LN 23.1–23.39 satiety, i.e., one’s fill of food to contentment, all one wants (Ex 16:3; Lev 25:19; 26:5; Dt 23:25[EB 24]; Ru 2:18; Ps 78:25; Pr 13:25+); 2. LN 25.80–25.84 contentment, formally, satiety, i.e., state of contentment and satisfaction, implying abundance, as a figurative extension of having a full stomach and being physically satisfied (Ps 16:11+)

שָׂבֵעַ (śā·ḇēaʿ): v.—see 8425

8428 שָׂבֵעַ (śā·ḇēaʿ): adj.; ≡ Str 7649; TWOT 2231d—1. LN 23.1–23.39 full, satisfied, i.e., pertaining to a state of being full of food, and so be satisfied (1Sa 2:5; Pr 27:7+); 2. LN 67.78–67.117 full of years, formally, abundance, i.e., pertaining to an old, advanced age (Ge 25:8; 35:29; 1Ch 29:28; Job 42:17+); 3. LN 25.80–25.84 content, i.e., pertaining to a state of satisfaction, implying abundance, as a figurative extension of having a full stomach and being physically satisfied (Pr 19:23+); 4. LN 78.1–78.27 full, abundant, i.e., pertaining to having a high degree of some state (Job 10:15; 14:1+); 5. LN 25.116–25.134 unit: שָׂבֵעַ רָצוֹן (śā·ḇēaʿ rā·ṣôn) blessed, formally, abounding in favor, i.e., be in a state of divine favor and so be joyful in favorable circumstance (Dt 33:23+)

8429 שָׂבְעָה (śāḇ·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7654; TWOT 2231b—1. LN 59.48–59.61 abundance, i.e., a state of enough and more, implying satisfaction in this state (Isa 23:18; 55:2; 56:11+), see also 8430; note: for another parsing in Hag 1:6, see 8426; 2. LN 23.1–23.39 glutted condition, i.e., a state of eating too much food, and so be uncomfortably full (Eze 39:19+); 3. LN 23.61–23.65 unit: בִּלְתִּי שָׂבְעָה (bil·tî śāḇ·ʿā(h)) nymphomania, insatiable desire, formally, no satisfaction, i.e., an excessive sexual desire in females (Eze 16:28a+)

8430 שִׂבְעָה (śiḇ·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7653; TWOT 2231b—LN 59.48–59.61 abundance, plenty, i.e., a state of enough and more, implying satisfaction bordering on apathy (Eze 16:49+), see also 8429

שׂבר (śbr): see 8431, 8432

8431 I. שָׂבַר (śā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7663; TWOT 2232—LN 24.1–24.51 (qal act. ptcp. masc.sing.) examine, look at, inspect, i.e., use the perception of sight to look at an object, and by implication learn information and make decisions about the item observed (Ne 2:13, 15+), see also domain LN 27.34–27.47

8432 II. שָׂבַר (śā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7663; TWOT 2232—1. LN 25.59–25.64 (piel) hope for, look to, i.e., have a confidence that a beneficial event will occur, implying dependent trust (even relationship) in the object of the hope (Est 9:1; Ps 104:27; 145:15; Isa 38:18+); 2. LN 13.1–13.47 (piel) wait for, i.e., be in a certain state until an expected or hoped for event (Ru 1:13; Ps 119:166+)

8433 שֵׂבֶר (śē·ḇěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7664; TWOT 2232a—LN 25.59–25.64 hope, i.e., a looking forward with expectation to a good and beneficial state (Ps 119:116; 146:5+)

שׂגא (śgʾ): see 8434

8434 שָׂגָא (śā·ḡā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 7679; TWOT 2233—1. LN 74 (hif) make great, i.e., cause a person or government to be able to do what it wants, implying high status (Job 12:23+), see also 8436; see also domain LN 87.19–87.57; 2. LN 33.354–33.364 (hif) extol, praise, i.e., speak of the excellence and greatness of a person (Job 36:24+)

שׂגב (śgb): see 8435

8435 שָׂגַב (śā·ḡǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7682; TWOT 2234—1. LN 74 (qal) be inaccessible, be strong, formally, be high, i.e., have the power or capability to successfully accomplish what something is designed to do, as a figurative extension of an object being high and so out of reach (Dt 2:36+); (nif) be too lofty (Ps 139:6; Pr 18:11+); (piel) be strengthened (Isa 9:10[EB 11]+); 2. LN 81.3–81.11 (qal) lift high, i.e., cause something to be in a higher position by lifting motion (Job 5:11+), note: this refers to giving care and concern toward an object; (nif) be high, lofty (Isa 26:5; 30:13+), note: here this high position implies inaccessibility; 3. LN 35.31–35.35 (piel) protect, care for, i.e., give support and aid, giving whatever is necessary for proper care, including defense of the object (Ps 20:2[EB 1]; 59:2[EB 1]; 69:30[EB 29]; 91:14; 107:41+); (nif) be safe (Pr 18:10+); (pual) be kept safe (Pr 29:25+); 4. LN 87.19–87.57 (nif) be exalted, i.e., be in a state of high status (Ps 148:13; Isa 2:11, 17; 12:4; Isa 33:5+), note: for a focus on speaking words which exalt and praise, see also domain LN 33.354–33.364; (hif) act. exalted (Job 36:22+)

שׂגה (śgh): see 8436

8436 שָׂגָה (śā·ḡā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7685; TWOT 2233b—1. LN 59.48–59.61 (qal impf.) be prosperous, i.e., be in a state of abundance and excess (Job 8:7+); 2. LN 59.62–59.71 (hif pf.) cause increase, i.e., to actively gain more things (Ps 73:12+); 3. LN 23.188–23.196 (qal impf.) thrive, grow, i.e., have living things increase in size (Job 8:11; Ps 92:13[EB 12]+), see also 8434

8437 שְׂגוּב (śeḡûḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7687;—LN 93-pers. (male) Segub: 1. of Judah (1Ch 2:21, 22+) 2. son of the Hiel (1Ki 16:34+), note: 1Ki 16:34 for the K see 8439

8438 שַׂגִּיא (śǎg·gî(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 7689; TWOT 2233a—LN 87.19–87.57 exalted, great, i.e., pertaining to a very high status of a person (Job 36:26; 37:23+), note: see also domain for great as a positive degree LN 78.1–78.27

8439 שְׂגִיב (śeḡîḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7687;—LN 93-pers. (male) Segib: son of the Hiel (1Ki 16:34+), note: for the Q see 8437

שִׂגְשֵׂג (śiḡ·śēḡ) Lisowsky: see 8451 (Isa 17:11+)

שׂדד (śdd): see 8440

8440 שָׂדַד (śā·ḏǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 7702; TWOT 2235—LN 43 (piel impf.) till, harrow, i.e., break up the cultivated ground with a harrow (a thresh-like implement with spikes or teeth on the bottom), making contact with, and breaking up the furrows and humps in the plowed ground (Job 39:10; Isa 28:24; Hos 10:11+), note: some sources translate “make a border furrow,” but this is unsatisfying and does not appear to further contextual meaning

8441 שָׂדֶה (śā·ḏě(h)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7704; TWOT 2236a, 2236b—1. LN 1.95–1.98 field, i.e., a cultivated area for growing things (Mic 3:12); 2. LN 1.86–1.87 open field, open country, countryside, i.e., areas which are relatively sparsely inhabited, in contrast to uninhabited forests (2Sa 2:18); 3. LN 1.95–1.98 environs, pastureland, i.e., an open area just outside a walled city or village (Jdg 9:42); 4. LN 1.82–1.85 territory, region, i.e., an administrative district (Ge 14:7; 32:4[EB 3]; 36:35; 1Sa 6:1; Ne 12:29; Ps 78:12, 43); 5. LN 1.60–1.68 mainland, i.e., an area which is in contrast to an island or peninsula (Eze 26:8); 6. LN 2.14–2.28 unit: שָׂדֶה־זֶרַע (śā·ḏě(h)-·zě·rǎʿ) fertile soil, formally, field of seed, i.e., soil able to grow plants (Eze 17:5, 8); 7. LN 82.1–82.6 unit: הַ־ שָׂדֶה נֶגֶב (hǎ- śā·ḏě(h) ně·ḡěḇ) southland (Eze 21:2[EB 20:46]), note: NIV adds text to the MT at Ge 4:8 based on ancient versions, see BHS ftn, see also NIV text note; note: cf. also 8442

8442 שָׂדַי (śā·ḏǎy): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7704; TWOT 2236a—1. LN 1.95–1.98 field, i.e., a cultivated area for growing things (Dt 32:13; Ps 96:12; Hos 10:4; 12:12[EB 11]; Jer 4:17+); 2. LN 1.86–1.87 open field, open country, countryside, i.e., areas which are relatively sparsely inhabited, in contrast to uninhabited forests (Ps 8:8[EB 7]; 50:11; 80:14[EB 13]; 104:11; Isa 56:9; La 4:9; Joel 2:22+); 3. LN 1.46–1.50 unit: צוּר שָׂדַי (ṣûr śā·ḏǎy) Alpine slopes, highlands, formally, rock of fields, i.e., an open, elevated area, usually above timberline (Jer 18:14+), note: cf. also 8441

8443 שִׂדִּים (śid·dîm): n.pr. [BDB: or n.masc.pl. of 8441, or 8440]; ≡ Str 7708;—LN 93-place (loc.) Siddim: valley, possibly at S end of Dead Sea (Ge 14:3, 8, 10+)

8444 שְׂדֵרָה (śeḏē·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7713; TWOT 1467b—1. LN 55.2–55.6 ranks, rows of soldiers, i.e., a configuration of soldiers, assumedly in a line, as a defensive position (2Ki 11:8, 15; 2Ch 23:14+); 2. LN 7.77–7.79 wood planks, i.e., a construction material for roofing a building (1Ki 6:9+)

8445 שֶׂה (śě(h)): n.masc. or occasionally fem.; ≡ Str 2089, 7716; TWOT 2237—1. LN 4.1–4.37 small four-footed mammal, i.e., a sheep or goat, both as a class and an individual one (Ge 22:7, 8; 30:32; Ex 12:3,4,5; 13:13; 21:37[EB 22:1]; 22:3[EB 4],8[EB 9],9[EB 10]; 34:20; Lev 5:7; 12:8; 22:23, 28; 27:26; Nu 15:11; Dt 14:4; 17:1; 18:3; 22:1; Jos 6:21; Jdg 6:4; 1Sa 14:34; 15:3; 17:34; 22:19; Ps 119:176; Isa 7:25; 43:23; 53:7; 66:3; Eze 34:17,20,22; 45:15+), note: in some contexts a young small mammal, so lamb or kid; 2. LN 4.1–4.37 flock, i.e., a collective of sheep or goats (Ex 34:19; Jer 50:17+)

8446 שָׂהֵד (śā·hēḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7717; TWOT 2238—1. LN 33.262–33.273 witness, testifier, i.e., one who can attest with direct knowledge about an event or situation, usually in context of a legal proceeding (Job 16:19+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 56.36–56.37 (NIV, et. al.) advocate, spokesman, i.e., one who speaks as a defender of an accused, usually in context of a legal proceeding (Job 16:19+)

8447 שָׂהֲדוּתָא (śā·hǎḏû·ṯā(ʾ)): n.pr. [BDB: n.fem.]; ≡ Str 3026;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sahadutha: part of a compound name, Jegar Sahadutha, see 3337

שַׂהֲרוֹן (śǎ·hǎrôn) BDB: see 8448

8448 שַׂהֲרֹנִים (śǎ·hǎrō·nîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7720; TWOT 2239a—LN 6.188–6.196 crescent necklace, i.e., an ornamental necklace in the shape of a moon in a crescent stage (rounded with two points) (Jdg 8:21, 26; Isa 3:18+), note: some translate “little moons” and so possibly a circular-moon shape

שׂוֹא (śô(ʾ)) BDB, Lisowsky: see 5951

8449 שׂוֹבֶךְ (śô·ḇěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7730; TWOT 2230a—LN 3.47–3.59 thicket, i.e., a tangle of thick branches (2Sa 18:9+)

שׂוּג (śûḡ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8451

שׂוּג (śûḡ)[1] KB, Holladay: see 8450

שׂוּג (śûḡ)[2] KB, Holladay: see 8451

8450 I. שׂוּג (śûḡ): v.—see 6047, 5952 (nif) (2Sa 1:22+), see 6047; (hif) (Job 24:2+), see 5952

8451 II. שׂוּג (śûḡ): v.; ≡ Str 7735; TWOT 1470—LN 23.188–23.196 (pilpel) make grow, raise up, i.e., use normal farming techniques to cause plants to grow and flourish (Isa 17:11+), note: another possible contextual meaning is “build a fence,” so related to 6048; note: context most easily reads as synonymous parallelism, so “cause to grow” is the best meaning; note: see also domain LN 43

שׂוּד (śûḏ): see 8486

שׂוח (śwḥ): see 8452

8452 שׂוּחַ (śûaḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7742; TWOT 2255—LN 30.1–30.38 (qal) meditate, i.e., speak to oneself in low tones as a way to establish or clarify proper thought (Ge 24:63+), note: in this context, possibly the meaning is to have conversation with field workers, so see also domain LN 33.69–33.108; note: most versions, LXX, Vg “meditate, think;” NRSV, NJB, Tanakh, “walk;” NAB, “…” NEB, “hoping to meet;” NEB ftn, “to relieve himself;” note: in the editor’s opinion, “meditation” is a good contextual rendering (in the larger framework of the story), as a counter-part to the prayer and hurried meeting of Eliezer to Rebekah in Ge 24:12; so also in the return trip Issac is contemplating (praying?) for God’sing. will in his uncertain future (including the impending loss of his mother), and then the next thing to happen is to meet his bride

8453 שַׂוְחָט (śǎw·ḥāṭ): n.masc.—see 8759 (Jer 9:7[EB 8] v.r.+)

שׂוט (śwṭ): see 8454

8454 שׂוּט (śûṭ): v.; ≡ Str 7750; TWOT 2240—LN 39.34–39.41 (qal ptcp.) be apostate, formally, turn aside or fall away, i.e., one who is in open defiance of a normal or right condition or state (Ps 40:5[EB 4]+), note: some sources translate “entangle oneself.”

שׂוךְ (śwk): see 8455

8455 שׂוּךְ (śûḵ): v.; ≡ Str 7753; TWOT 2241—1. LN 21.17–21.24 (qal pf.) protect, guard, formally, grow a thorn hedge, i.e., cause another to be safe from danger (Job 1:10+); 2. LN 37.1–37.32 (qal ptcp.) restrain, check, formally, block or fence, i.e., cause an obstruction so as to restrain a certain behavior (Hos 2:8[EB 6]+)

8456 שׂוֹךְ (śôḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7754; TWOT 2242a, 2242b—LN 3.60–3.67 brushwood, formally, branch, i.e., thick branches of wood, small enough to carry, but large enough to make a potent fire (Jdg 9:49+)

8457 שׂוֹכָה (śô·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7754; TWOT 2242a—LN 3.60–3.67 brushwood, formally, branch, i.e., thick branches of wood, small enough to carry, but large enough to make a potent fire (Jdg 9:48+)

8458 שׂוֹכֹה (śô·ḵō(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7755;—LN 93-place (loc.) Socoh: 1. town in hill country of Judah (Jos 15:48+), see also 8459(1.) 2. town on edge of plain of Sharon (1Ki 4:10+) 3. town in N Shephelah of Judah (Jos 15:35+), see also 8459(3.)

8459 שׂוֹכוֹ (śô·ḵô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7755;—LN 93-place (loc.) Soco: 1. town in hill country of Judah (1Ch 4:18+), see also 8458(1.) 2. see also 8458(2.) 3. town in N Shephelah of Judah (1Sa 17:1; 2Ch 11:7; 28:18+), see also 8458(3.)

8460 שׂוּכָתִי (śû·ḵā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7756;—LN 93-pers. (gent. of loc.) Sucathite: pertaining to descendants of the Kenites (1Ch 2:55+)

שׂוּכָתִים (śû·ḵā·ṯîm) BDB: see 8460

שׂום (śwm) Lisowsky: see 8492

שׂוּם (śûm) BDB: see 8492

8461 שׂוּמָה (śû·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7760; TWOT 2243—LN 30.56–30.74 (most versions) intention, determination, i.e., that which has been planned and purposed (2Sa 13:32 K+), note: (BDB, REB, NEB?) translates “scowl.”

שׂור (śwr) Holladay: see 8462

שׂור (śwr)[1] Lisowsky: see 8575 (Hos 12:5[EB 4]+)

שׂור (śwr)[2] Lisowsky: see 8492 (1Ch 20:3+)

שׂור (śwr)[3] Lisowsky: see 8606

שׂור (śwr)[4] Lisowsky: see 8462 or 6073 (Hos 9:12)

8462 שׂוּר (śûr): v.; ≡ Str 5493; TWOT 1480—LN 19.14–19.26 (qal impf.) (KJV, ASV, NASB, Tanakh) hack, cut in pieces, i.e., violently impact a soft-tissue object so as to violently kill (1Ch 20:3+), note: (most versions) (cf. 2Sa 12:31), see 8492; note: Hos 9:12, see 6073; Hos 12:5[EB 4] see 8575; Jdg 9:22; Hos 8:4 8606

שׂוֹר (śôr)[1] KB: see 8462

8463 שׂוֹרָה (śô·rā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7795; TWOT 2245a—1. LN 43 planted row, i.e., an agricultural row used for planting seed in a field (Isa 28:25+), see also 6168; note: some sources suggest this is a kind of grain, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 80.1–80.4 (NIV) place, space, i.e., an area of any size, in context, place of prepared ground (Isa 28:25+), note: editor suggests as parallel to פָּנֶה (pā·ně(h))

שׂוֹרֵק (śô·rēq) Lisowsky: see 8603

שׂושׂ (śwś): see 8464

8464 שׂוּשׂ (śûś): v.; ≡ Str 7797; TWOT 2246—LN 25.116–25.134 (qal) be pleased, be delighted, be glad, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of fondness and enjoyment in an object, implying a love or relationship to the object of delight (Dt 28:63; 30:9; Job 3:22; 39:21; Ps 19:6[EB 5]; 35:9; 40:17[EB 16]; 68:4[EB 3]; 70:5[EB 4]; 119:162; Isa 35:1; 61:10; 62:5; 64:4[EB 5]; 65:18, 19; 66:10, 14; Jer 32:41; La 1:21; 4:21; Eze 21:15[EB 10]; Zep 3:17+), note: when the focus is on speaking of words of confidence in an object, see also domain LN 33.368–33.373; for words of thanks or praise, see also domain LN 33.349–33.353

8465 שֵׂחַ (śēaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7808; TWOT 2255c—LN 30.56–30.74 plan, course, thoughts, i.e., thinking which has a purpose and contemplated course of action for future events (Am 4:13+), note: some change text from 4537 + 8465 to 5431 or 5126

שׂחה (śḥh): see 8466

8466 שָׂחָה (śā·ḥā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7811; TWOT 2247—1. LN 15.246–15.247 (qal) swim, i.e., move through water by use of limbs (Isa 25:11ab+), note: pertaining to both the action and the person swimming; 2. LN 47.1–47.7 (hif) flood, overflow, formally, make swim, i.e., have an excessive movement of liquid as a figurative extension of causing one to have to swim in deep water (Ps 6:7[EB 6]+)

שֹׂחֶה (śō·ḥě(h)): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.sing. of 8466; ≡ Str 7811; TWOT 2247—LN 15.246–15.247 swimmer, i.e., one who swims (Isa 25:11a+), note: oth parse as 8466

8467 שָׂחוּ (śā·ḥû): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7813; TWOT 2247a—1. LN 15.246–15.247 swimming, i.e., act. of moving through water using the limbs (Eze 47:5+), note: an action used primarily in water that is over or nearly over the head; 2. LN 1.69–1.78 unit: מַיִם שָׂחוּ (mǎ·yim śā·ḥû) deep water, formally, water of swimming, i.e., a body of water deep enough to swim in (Eze 47:5+)

8468 שְׂחוֹק (śeḥôq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7814; TWOT 1905d—1. LN 14.74–14.86 laughter, i.e., act. of making a sound from the mouth (Job 8:21; Ps 126:2; Pr 14:13; Ecc 2:2; 7:3, 6; 10:19+); note: this sound can communicate spontaneous joy or deliberate, provoking scorn, see also LN 25.135–25.145 or LN 33.406–33.411; 2. LN 33.406–33.411 laughingstock, object of ridicule, i.e., object of laughter, as one who is scorned or mocked (Job 12:4; Jer 20:7; 48:26, 27, 39; La 3:14+); 3. LN 25.102–25.115 pleasure, i.e., a state of enjoyment and fondness (Pr 10:23+)

שׂחט (śḥṭ): see 8469

8469 שָׂחַט (śā·ḥǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 7818; TWOT 2248—LN 19.43–19.54 (qal impf.) squeeze, compress, i.e., make a pressing motion on a soft-tissued object for the purpose of getting out the juice (Ge 40:11+)

8470 שָׂחִיף (śā·ḥîp̄): n.masc. [oth adj.]; ≡ Str 7824; TWOT 2249—LN 7.77–7.79 covering, panelling, i.e., a board or wood plate as a decorative part of a construction (Eze 41:16+), see also domain LN 79.114–79.117

שׂחק (śḥq): see 8471

8471 שָׂחַק (śā·ḥǎq): v.; ≡ Str 7832; TWOT 1905c—1. LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) laugh, be amused, i.e., make sounds which express a feeling or attitude of pleasure or amusement over a situation (Ecc 3:4+); 2. LN 33.406–33.411 (qal) laugh at, mock, scoff, i.e., communicate through words and laughing sounds, making fun of an object, implying lack of concern over the object, or anger and disrespect for the object (Job 5:22; 30:1; 39:7; 39:18, 22; 41:21[EB 29]; Ps 2:4; 37:13; 52:8[EB 6]; 59:9[EB 8]; Pr 1:26; 29:9; 31:25; La 1:7; Hab 1:10+); (piel) joke at (Pr 26:19+); (hif) scorn (2Ch 30:10+); 3. LN 50 (qal) perform entertainment, i.e., be an object used or controlled by others for merriment and amusement (Jdg 16:27+); (piel) entertain, use for entertainment (Jdg 16:25; Job 40:29[EB 41:5]+); 4. LN 50 (qal) have a contest, i.e., pit one opponent against another in a physical fight (2Sa 2:14+), note: NIV translates “fight hand to hand;” note: in context, this is very serious and deadly “play;” see also domain LN 55.2–55.6; 5. LN 33.476–33.489 (qal) smile, i.e., make a motion of the mouth and face, as a non-verbal, non-sound communication expressing happiness or contentment (Job 29:24+); 6. LN 51 (piel) celebrate, rejoice, make acts which show joy, happiness, and positive laughter, such as dancing, playing, frolicking, or reverent but joyful worship (1Sa 18:7; 2Sa 6:5, 21; 1Ch 13:8; 15:29; Job 40:20; Ps 104:26; Pr 8:30, 31; Jer 15:17; 30:19; 31:4; Zec 8:5+), see also domain LN 50

שְׂחֹק (śeḥōq) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8468

8472 שֻׂחֹת (śǔ·ḥōṯ): n.fem.—LN 6.215–6.225 filth, refuse, garbage, rubbish, i.e., worthless and unwanted material normally thrown out, of a general kind (Job 9:31 cj+), note: for MT text, see 8846

8473 שֵׂט (śēṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7846; TWOT 2240a—LN 39.34–39.41 rebel, insurgent, formally, one who turns aside, i.e., one in open defiance of authority, a condition of one faithless to a person or principles (Hos 5:2+), see also 6091

שׂטה (śṭh): see 8474

8474 שָׂטָה (śā·ṭā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7847; TWOT 2250—1. LN 88.271–88.282 (qal) have an affair, formally, go astray, i.e., to have illicit sexual relations as a married spouse, as a figurative extension of wandering from a correct path (Nu 5:12, 19, 20, 29+); 2. LN 16 (qal) turn, i.e., change direction on a pathway, which then results in linear movement in a different direction (Pr 4:15; 7:25+), note: this figure refers to a change in behavior, see also domain LN 41.50–41.54

שֵׂטִים (śē·ṭîm) BDB: see 8454

שׂטם (śṭm): see 8475

8475 שָׂטַם (śā·ṭǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7852; TWOT 2251—1. LN 88.167–88.170 (qal) hold a grudge, hold hostility toward, i.e., to keep long-term resentment against another implying a smoldering anger and potential vengeance (Ge 27:41; 49:23; 50:15+); 2. LN 39.47–39.50 (qal) assail, attack, i.e., to use physical force against an opponent to punish or vanquish (Job 16:9; 30:21+); 3. LN 33.387–33.403 (qal) revile, i.e., verbally attack another by insulting and slandering, showing anger and scorn (Ps 55:4[EB 3]+)

שׂטן (śṭn): see 8476

8476 שָׂטַן (śā·ṭǎn): v.; ≡ Str 7853; TWOT 2252—LN 33.426–33.434 (qal) accuse, i.e., to make a verbal charge against another, either in a legal or social setting, with a focus on the hostility and on-going opposition in the relationship to the one accused (Ps 38:21[EB 20]; 71:13; 109:4, 20, 29; Zec 3:1+)

8477 שָׂטָן (śā·ṭān): n.masc. [see also 8477.5]; ≡ Str 7854; TWOT 2252a—LN 39.1–39.12 adversary, i.e., one (a natural or supernatural being) who opposes another, either as a verbal antagonist and so a slanderer or accuser, or one giving physical opposition (Nu 22:22, 32; 1Sa 29:4; 2Sa 19:23[EB 22]; 1Ki 5:18[EB 4]; 11:14, 23, 25; Ps 109:6+), see also domain LN 12.34

שָׂטָן (śā·ṭān): n.pr.masc. [served by 8477]; ≡ Str 7854; TWOT 2252a—LN 93.330 Satan: the proper name for the Devil, a sup.-human being who is an opponent of God and humans (1Ch 21:1; Job 1:6, 7,8, 9, 12; 2:1, 2,3, 4, 6, 7; Zec 3:1, 2+), see also LN 12.34

8478 I. שִׂטְנָה (śiṭ·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7855; TWOT 2252b—LN 56.4–56.11 accusation, i.e., a formal complaint in a legal process asserting a crime has been committed (Ezr 4:6+)

8479 II. שִׂטְנָה (śiṭ·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7856;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sitnah: area of a water well (Ge 26:21+)

8480 שִׂיא (śî(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7863; TWOT 1421i—1. LN 87.19–87.57 great status, formally, height, i.e., to be elevated in status as a figurative extension of physical height (Job 20:6+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 88.206–88.222 pride, formally, height or loftiness, i.e., an improper haughty attitude of arrogance as a figurative extension of a spatially high object (Job 20:6+)

8481 שִׂיאוֹן (śî·ʾôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7865;—LN 93-place (a mountain) Siyon: high mountain in NE Israel, also known as Hermon (Dt 4:48+), see also 3056

שִׂיאֹן (śî·ʾōn) BDB: see 8481 (Dt 4:48+)

שׂיב (śyb): see 8482

8482 שִׂיב (śîḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7867; TWOT 2253—LN 79.26–79.38 (qal pf.) be gray, i.e., be a gray or white color, as pertaining to having white or gray-colored hair, with the associated meanings of old age and its physical weakness, and wisdom (1Sa 12:2; Job 15:10+)

8483 שֵׂיב (śêḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7869; TWOT 2253a—LN 67.142–67.162 old age, formally, gray-headedness, i.e., a period of life in advanced age, as a figurative extension of a gray head of hair so often observed on the aged person (1Ki 14:4+), see also 8484

8484 שֵׂיבָה (śê·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7872; TWOT 2253b—1. LN 79.26–79.38 gray-headedness, gray hair, i.e., a state or condition of having a gray or white head of hair, with the associated meanings of wisdom, weakness, or old age that is nearer to death (Ge 42:38; 44:29, 31; Dt 32:25; 1Ki 2:6, 9; Job 41:24[EB 32]; Ps 71:18; Pr 16:31; 20:29; Isa 46:4; Hos 7:9+), note: for focus on the hair itself, see also domain LN 8.9–8.69; 2. LN 67.142–67.162 old age, formally, gray-headedness, i.e., a period of life in advanced age, as a figurative extension of a gray head of hair so often observed on the aged person (Ge 15:15; 25:8; Lev 19:32; Jdg 8:32; Ru 4:15; 1Ch 29:28; Ps 92:15[EB 14]+), see also 8483

8485 שִׂיג (śîḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7873; TWOT 1469a—1. LN 23 bowel movement, defecation, i.e., the act. of relieving oneself from the bowels (1Ki 18:27+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 15.34–15.74 back off, i.e., to withdraw from an area as a short or brief linear movement (1Ki 18:27+)

שׂיד (śyd): see 8486

8486 I. שִׂיד (śîḏ): v.; ≡ Str 7874; TWOT 2254—LN 6.54–6.67 (qal) paint, coat, i.e., to coat with a surface with liquid compound (quicklime whitewash), with the effect of being a plaster as it smooths in pits and small fissures on a mason surface (Dt 27:2, 4+), note: used here as a preparation of a writing surface, see also domain LN 45; note: NIV “plaster”

8487 II. שִׂיד (śîḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7875; TWOT 2254a—1. LN 2.14–2.28 lime, quicklime, i.e., a dry, white powdery substance from limestone or some kinds of seashells, used as a substance for whitewash paint which absorbs into fissures and cracks of a substance, so also a kind of plaster (Dt 27:2, 4+), see also LN 7.77–7.79; 2. LN 6.54–6.67 whitewash, quicklime-plaster, i.e., a liquid composition with many various uses in construction, in this context used as a smoothing and whitening agent on a surface to prepare for writing on (Isa 33:12; Am 2:1+), see also domain LN 45

שֵׂיוֹ (śê·wō): n.masc. + suff.—see 8445 + 2257 (Dt 22:1+)

שְׂיֵהוּ (śeyē·hû): n.masc. + suff.—see 8445 + 2084 (1Sa 14:34+)

שׂיח (śyḥ): see 8488

8488 I. שִׂיחַ (śîaḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7878; TWOT 2255—1. LN 30.1–30.38 (qal) meditate, muse on, consider, think on, i.e., ponder and so give serious consideration to information, or a situation (Jdg 5:10; 1Ki 18:27; Ps 77:4[EB 3],7[EB 6],13[EB 12]; 119:15, 23, 27, 48, 78, 148; 145:5+), note: in context, this musing can lead to despair and complaint, or wonder and elation; (pilpel) consider (Ps 143:5+); 2. LN 33.69–33.108 (qal) speak, tell, make an utterance of any kind, with an apparent focus that the content spoken has some thought behind it (1Ch 16:9; Job 7:11; 12:8; Ps 55:18[EB 17]; 69:13[EB 12]; 105:2; Pr 6:22+), note: the speech can be mocking, complaining, or praising depending on the context; (pilpel) speak (Isa 53:8+)

8489 II. שִׂיחַ (śîaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7880; TWOT 2256a—LN 3.13–3.32 bush, shrub, i.e., a generic term for a low, woody plant, with varying densities of stems and branches (Ge 2:5; 21:15; Job 30:4, 7+)

8490 III. שִׂיחַ (śîaḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7879; TWOT 2255a—1. LN 33.382–33.386 complaint, lament, i.e., the expression of one’s discontent or displeasure (Job 7:13; 9:27; 10:1; 21:4; 23:2; Ps 64:2[EB 1]; 102:1[EB title]; 142:3[EB 2]; Pr 23:29+); 2. LN 25.270–25.287 anguish, i.e., a feeling or attitude of anxiety and sorrow (1Sa 1:16+); 3. LN 30.39–30.52 thoughts, meditation, i.e., the act. of giving careful, undistracted thought about a subject or person (1Ki 18:27; Ps 55:3[EB 2]; 104:34+), note: in 1Ki 18:27 some think this refers to a euphemism or mocking saying for having a bowel movement; 4. LN 33.374–33.381 foolish talk, empty-talk, i.e., speech which makes no sense (2Ki 9:11+), note: 1Ki 18:27 some parse as 8488 qal

8491 שִׂיחָה (śî·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7881; TWOT 2255b—LN 30.39–30.52 meditation, devotional thought, i.e., the act. of giving considerable thought about a person or subject, with a focus of responding properly to the information (Job 15:4; Ps 119:97, 99+)

שׂים (śym): see 8492

8492 שִׂים (śîm): v.; ≡ Str 7760, 7787; TWOT 2245—1. LN 85.32–85.54 (qal) place, put, i.e., cause an object (single, collection or mass) to be located in a certain space, often implying the object was moved to the new location (Ge 2:8); (qal pass.) be placed, be set on (Nu 24:21; Ob 4+), note: Ob 4 also parsed as qal active (hof) be set (Ge 24:33+); 2. LN 90.51–90.55 (qal) cause, make, bring about, i.e., a marker of a causative relation (Zep 3:19); (hif) cause (Eze 14:8; 21:32[EB 27]+); 3. LN 27.34–27.47 (qal) examine, formally, place, i.e., try to learn information by asking questions (Job 34:23); 4. LN 37.96–37.107 (qal) appoint, put over, make, i.e., assign one to a task or assignment (Ex 1:11); 5. LN 57.71–57.124 (qal) give, formally, place before, i.e., give a gift, implying value on the object given (Isa 53:10); 6. LN 43 (qal) plant, i.e., place seed in the ground as an early step in the growing process (Isa 28:25); 7. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) preserve, i.e., keep in a safe state or condition (Ge 45:7); 8. LN 49 (qal) put on, i.e., place clothing on the body (Ge 37:34); 9. LN 33.35–33.68 (qal pass.) be listed, i.e., pertaining to being named on a written list (Ps 56:9[EB 8]), note: this form can be parsed as qal act. imv.; 10. LN 56.4–56.11 unit: שִׂים (śîm) … עֲלִילָה דָּבָר (ʿǎlî·lā(h) dā·ḇār) make a charge, formally, place (to someone) action of words, i.e., make a legal accusation against someone, which if unbased, becomes slander (Dt 22:14, 17+), note: some sources see “slander” or “capriciousness” as a central focus of the meaning; 11. LN 21.6–21.8 unit: שִׂים נֶפֶשׁ בְּ־ כַּף (śîm ně·p̄ěš b- kǎp̄) live in danger, formally, take life in hands, i.e., take a great risk (1Sa 19:5); 12. LN 49 unit: שִׂים מָתְנַיִם (śîm māṯ·nǎ·yim) clothe, put on, formally, place on the waist, i.e., the dressing of oneself with clothing (Ge 37:34); 13. LN 56.4–56.11 unit: שִׂים (śîm) … עֲלִילָה דָּבָר (ʿǎlî·lā(h) dā·ḇār) make a charge, formally, place (to someone) action of words, i.e., make a legal accusation against someone, which if unbased, becomes slander (Dt 22:14, 17+), note: some sources see “slander” or “capriciousness” as a central focus of the meaning; 14. LN 30.1–30.38 unit: (qal) שִׂים לְ־ נֶגֶד (śîm l- ně·ḡěḏ) have regard, i.e., think about an object and consider it worthwhile (Ps 54:5[EB 3]); 15. LN 18.1–18.11 unit: (qal) שִׂים בְּ־ יָד (śîm b- yāḏ) seize, grasp, i.e., hold and carry an object in the hand, implying control over the object (1Ki 20:6); 16. LN 27.55–27.60 unit: (hif) מִן בְּלִי שִׂים (min belî śîm) not know, be unnoticed, formally, without anyone setting it (in the mind), i.e., not pay attention with concern to learning information about an object through observation (Job 4:20+), note: for NIV text in 2Ch 1:5, see 9004; note: for MT text in 1Ch 20:3, see 8462; note: 2Sa 13:32 qal pass., see 8461; note: further study may yield more domains

שִׂימָה (śî·mā(h)) BDB: see 8461 (2Sa 13:32 v.r.+)

שׂישׂ (śyś) Lisowsky: see 8464

שִׂישׂ (śîś) BDB: see 8464

8493 שֵׂךְ (śēḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7899; TWOT 2262a—LN 3.60–3.67 thorn, i.e., the sharp, brittle, woody barb that is from a plant (Nu 33:55+), note: some translate as a sharp barb from a piece of wood, “splinter.”

8494 שֹׂךְ (śōḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7900; TWOT 2260a—1. LN 7.59–7.62 fence, hedge, i.e., a protective thornbush hedge to impede or protect a garden area (La 2:6+), note: possibly the hedge could be made of stone, though the formally meaning of the word does not suggest that (La 2:6+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 7.2–7.25 dwelling place, i.e., a structure in which one dwells or resides, which can be portable or with foundation (La 2:6+), note: this meaning assumes a parallel with “tent;” note: though “dwelling” is a good possible contextual rendering, the editor believes context is best served by “fence, hedge” as the meaning, relating to the prior verse “strongholds”

שׂכה (śkh): see 8495

8495 שָׂכָה (śā·ḵā(h)): v.—LN 39.51 (qal) ambush, lie in wait for, look out for, i.e., conceal oneself in order to spring a trap to harm another (Ps 35:12 cj+), note: for MT text, see 8890

8496 שֻׂכָּה (śǔk·kā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7905; TWOT 2262b—LN 6.10–6.13 harpoon, fishing spear, i.e., usually a wood shaft, and a sharp, pointed (possibly barbed) head, used to kill marine animals or fish (Job 40:31[EB 41:7]+)

8497 שֶׂכוּ (śě·ḵû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7906;—LN 93-place (loc.) Secu: site in Benjamin (1Sa 19:22+)

שֵׂכוּ (śē·ḵû) BDB: see 8497

8498 שֶׂכְוִי (śěḵ·wî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7907; TWOT 2257a—1. LN 2.7–2.13 (RSV) mist, i.e., moisture particles less dense than clouds (Job 38:36+); 2. LN 26 (NIV, ASV, NASB, NRSV, Tanakh) mind, i.e., the inner part of the human psyche where thinking and volition reside (Job 38:36+), note: KJV, NKJV, “heart;” NAB, text?; RSV, “mists;” NEB, REB (text?), “secrecy.”; 3. LN 4.38–4.46 Holladay, Tanakh ftn, et. al., rooster, i.e., male chicken, with the associative meaning of this animal as having wisdom (Job 38:36+), note: there is virtually no consensus for solutions to the meaning of the word in the sources, context is best served by the RSV rendering, in which apparently (or different text?) טֻחוֹת (ṭǔ·ḥôṯ) is rendered “clouds” and שֶׂכְוִי (śěḵ·wî) “mists.”

8499 שָׂכְיָה (śāḵ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7634;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sakia: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:10+)

8500 שְׂכִיָּה (śeḵiy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7914; TWOT 2257b—LN 6.41–6.51 ship, i.e., a marine vessel (Isa 2:16+)

8501 שַׂכִּין (śǎk·kîn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7915; TWOT 2258—LN 6.215–6.225 knife, i.e., an implement for cutting soft-tissue objects (Pr 23:2+)

8502 שָׂכִיר (śā·ḵîr): n.masc. [see also 8502.5]; ≡ Str 7916, 7917; TWOT 2264.1c—1. LN 57.172–57.177 hired worker, hireling, i.e., a worker under contract to work for a wage, usually of lower social/economic status (Ex 12:45; Lev 19:13; 22:10; 25:6, 40, 50, 53; Dt 15:18; 24:14; Job 7:1, 2; 14:6; Isa 16:14; 21:16; Mal 3:5+); 2. LN 55.14–55.22 mercenary, i.e., a soldier who fights for money as contrasted with national or tribal loyalties (Jer 46:21+)

שָׂכִיר (śā·ḵîr): adj. [served by 8502]; ≡ Str 7916, 7917;—LN 57.172–57.177 hired, rented, i.e., pertaining to a wage paid for services (Ex 22:14[EB 15]; Isa 7:20+)

שׂכךְ (śkk) Lisowsky: see 8503, 8504

שׂכךְ (śkk)[1] KB, Lisowsky: see 8503

שׂכךְ (śkk)[2] KB, Lisowsky: see 8504

8503 I. שָׂכַךְ (śā·ḵǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 5526; TWOT 1475—LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) cover, i.e., place a flat surface object over another object for protection or hiding (Ex 33:22+), see also 6114; (polel), note: for MT text in Ps 139:11 (qal), see 8790

8504 II. שָׂכַךְ (śā·ḵǎḵ): v.—see 6115 alternate lexical form (Job 10:11+)

I. שׂכל (śkl): see 8505

II. שׂכל (śkl): see 8506

8505 I. שָׂכַל (śā·ḵǎl): v.; ≡ Str 7919; TWOT 2263, 2264—1. (hif) have insight, get wisdom, gain understanding, be prudent, be skilled, i.e., have a capacity for understanding, implying this state is a result of proper teaching (Ge 3:6; Dt 32:29; 1Ch 28:19; 2Ch 30:22; Job 22:2; 34:35; Ps 2:10; 14:2; 36:4[EB 3]; 53:3[EB 2]; 64:10[EB 9]; 94:8; 106:7; 119:99; Pr 1:3; 10:5, 19; 14:35; 15:24; 17:2; 19:14; 21:16; Isa 41:20; 44:18; 52:13; Jer 3:15; 9:23[EB 24]; 23:5; 50:9; Da 1:4, 17; 9:22, 25; 11:33, 35; 12:3, 10; Am 5:13+), note: in some contexts there may be a focus of having understanding by practical, first person experience; 2. LN 68.22–68.33 (qal) succeed, prosper, i.e., accomplish an activity thoroughly and with success (1Sa 18:30+); (piel) see 6118; (hif) prosper, be successful (Dt 29:8[EB 9]; Jos 1:7,8; 1Sa 18:5,14,15; 1Ki 2:3; 2Ki 18:7; Pr 17:8; Jer 10:21; 20:11+); 3. LN 30.39–30.52 (hif) give attention, have regard, act. with care, give heed to, i.e., give thought for a person or situation, implying a proper response (Ne 8:13; Job 34:27; Ps 41:2[EB 1]; 101:2; Pr 16:20; 21:12; Da 9:13+); 4. LN 33.224–33.250 (hif) instruct, teach, i.e., provide information and relate experiences to a student, for the purpose of gaining understanding and wisdom (Ne 9:20; Ps 32:8; Pr 16:23; 21:11+), note: some parse Jer 50:9 v.r. as 8897

8506 II. שָׂכַל (śā·ḵǎl): v.; ≡ Str 7919; TWOT 2263—LN 16 (piel) cross over, i.e., make a motion of the hands and arms in an extended motion, left hand to the right side and vice versa (Ge 48:14+)

8507 שֶׂכֶל (śě·ḵěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7922; TWOT 2263a—1. LN 32.24–32.41 understanding, wisdom, discretion, prudence, i.e., the capacity to understand and as a result act. in accordance to a standard (1Sa 25:3; 1Ch 22:12; 26:14; 2Ch 2:11[EB 12]; 30:22; Ezr 8:18; Job 17:4; Ps 111:10; Pr 12:8; 13:15; 16:22; 19:11; 23:9; Da 8:25+); 2. LN 33.134–33.155 meaning, interpretation, i.e., the explanation of information or set of principles (Ne 8:8+); 3. LN 87.19–87.57 unit: שֶׂכֶל טוֹב (śě·ḵěl ṭôḇ)2 good name, i.e., approval, so having high status in a social context (Pr 3:4+)

שֵׂכֶל (śē·ḵěl) BDB: see 8507

8508 שִׂכְלוּת (śiḵ·lûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5531; TWOT 1493c—LN 32.42–32.61 folly, foolishness, i.e., that which lacks prudence, wisdom, and insight, showing a lack of understanding (Ecc 1:17+), see also 6121

שׂכר (śkr): see 8509

8509 שָׂכַר (śā·ḵǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7937; TWOT 2388—LN 57.186–57.188 (qal) hire, i.e., give services in labor or other duties and tasks in a quid pro quo for money or bartered goods (Ge 30:16; Dt 23:5[EB 4]; Jdg 9:4; 18:4; 2Sa 10:6; 2Ki 7:6; 1Ch 19:6, 7; 2Ch 24:12; 25:6; Ne 6:12; 13:2; Pr 26:10; Isa 46:6+); (qal pass.) be hired (Ne 6:13+); (nif) hire oneself (1Sa 2:5+); (hitp) hire oneself to earn wages (Hag 1:6+)

8510 I. שָׂכָר (śā·ḵār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7939; TWOT 2264.1b—1. LN 57.172–57.177 wage, i.e., the amount offered and given for services rendered as a just recompense (Ge 30:28, 32, 33; 31:8; Ex 2:9; 22:14[EB 15]; Nu 18:31; Dt 15:18; 24:15; 1Ki 5:20[EB 6]; Eze 29:18, 19; Zec 8:10; 11:12; Mal 3:5+); 2. LN 57.152–57.171 reward, pay back, i.e., what is a just recompense for services or loyalty to someone (Ge 15:1; 30:18; 2Ch 15:7; Ps 127:3; Ecc 4:9; 9:5; Isa 40:10; 62:11; Jer 31:16+); 3. LN 57.172–57.177 fare, i.e., the price charged to transport a person (Jnh 1:3+)

8511 II. שָׂכָר (śā·ḵār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7940;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sacar: 1. father of a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:35+), see also 9243 2. Levite gatekeeper (1Ch 26:4+)

8512 שֶׂכֶר (śě·ḵěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7938; TWOT 2264.1a—1. LN 57.172–57.177 wage, i.e., the amount offered and given for services rendered as a just recompense (Pr 11:18+); 2. LN 57.172–57.177 unit: עָשָׂה שֶׂכֶר (ʿā·śā(h) śě·ḵěr) wage earner, hireling, formally, doer for wage, i.e., a worker who works for a wage (Isa 19:10+)

8513 שְׂלָו (śelāw): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7958; TWOT 2265—LN 4.38–4.46 quail, i.e., a heavy-bodied, generally low-flying, migratory game bird Coturnix coturnix (Ex 16:13; Nu 11:31, 32; Ps 105:40+)

8514 שַׂלְמָא (śǎl·mā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8007;—LN 93-pers. (male) Salma: 1. father of Boaz, the husband of Ruth (1Ch 2:11+), note: for NIV text, see 8517 2. founder of Bethlehem (1Ch 2:51, 54+)

8515 I. שַׂלְמָה (śǎl·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8008; TWOT 2270b—1. LN 6.152–6.187 clothing, garment, robe, i.e., attire or articles of dress in general (Dt 29:4[EB 5]; Jos 22:8; 1Ki 10:25; 2Ch 9:24; Ne 9:21; Job 9:31; Mic 2:8+), note: there may be overlap in verses and meanings; 2. LN 6.152–6.187 cloak, mantle, i.e., an outer garment (Ex 22:8[EB 9],25[EB 26]; Dt 24:13; Jos 9:5, 13; 1Ki 11:29, 30; Ps 104:2; SS 4:11+)

8516 II. שַׂלְמָה (śǎl·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8009;—LN 93-pers. (male) Salmah: father of Boaz (Ru 4:20+), note: for NIV text, see 8517

8517 שַׂלְמוֹן (śǎl·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8012;—LN 93-pers. (male) Salmon: father of Boaz (Ru 4:20+), for MT text in 1Ch 2:11, see 8514; for MT text in Ru 4:20, see 8516

8518 שַׂלְמַי (śǎl·mǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8014;—LN 93-pers. (male) Salmai: ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:46 v.r.+), note: for other spellings, see 8530, 8978, 9036

שׂלק (ślq): see 8519

8519 שָׂלַק (śā·lǎq): v.—see 5956 BDB form

שְׂמֹאול (śemō(ʾ)wl) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8520

8520 שְׂמֹאל (śemō(ʾ)l): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8040, 8041; TWOT 2267—1. LN 82.7–82.12 left, i.e., pertaining to a spatial orientation, opposite of course, to the “right,” (1Sa 6:12); 2. LN 82.1–82.6 north, i.e., a spatial orientation as a compass direction (1Ki 7:39), note: as one faces the sunrise, the left hand would point north; 3. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: יָד שְׂמֹאל (yāḏ śemō(ʾ)l) left hand, i.e., a specific hand as a part of the body (Jdg 3:21)

שׂמאל (śmʾl): see 8521

8521 שִׂמְאֵל (śim·ʾēl): v.; ≡ Str 8041; TWOT 2267—1. LN 84.1–84.15 (hif) go to the left, i.e., travel or extend from a source to the left side (Ge 13:9; 2Sa 14:19; Isa 30:21; Eze 21:21[EB 16]+); 2. LN 82.7–82.12 (hif) be left-handed, i.e., be able to use the left hand as a productive, co-ordinated, dominate hand (1Ch 12:2+); note: lexical form has four radicals

8522 שְׂמָאלִי (śemā(ʾ)·lî): adj.; ≡ Str 8042; TWOT 2267b—1. LN 82.7–82.12 left, i.e., pertaining to being on the left, as a spatial orientation (Lev 14:15, 16, 26, 27; Eze 4:4+); 2. LN 82.1–82.6 northern, i.e., pertaining to being north, as a compass direction and spatial orientation (1Ki 7:21; 2Ki 11:11; 2Ch 3:17; 23:10+)

שׂמח (śmḥ): see 8523

8523 שָׂמַח (śā·mǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 8055; TWOT 2268—1. LN 25.116–25.134 (qal) rejoice, be glad, delight in, be elated, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of joy and happiness, with a possible focus of making an outward expression of that joy (Dt 27:7), note: for Isa 9:16[EB 17] cj+, see 9022; (piel) bring joy, gladden, make merry, bring happiness (2Ch 20:27); (hif) make rejoice (Ps 89:43[EB 42]+); 2. LN 88.283–88.288 (piel) be merry, i.e., drink alcohol as a mood elevator, but apparently prior to the full stage of staggering drunkenness (Ecc 10:19+)

שָׂמֵחַ (śā·mēaḥ): v.—see 8523

8524 שָׂמֵחַ (śā·mēaḥ): adj.; ≡ Str 8056; TWOT 2268a—1. LN 25.116–25.134 rejoicing, glad, delight, i.e., pertaining to a feeling or attitude of joy, happiness or contentment, with a possible focus of making an outward expression of that joy (Dt 16:15; 1Ki 1:40, 45; 4:20; 8:66; 2Ki 11:14; 2Ch 7:10; 23:13; Est 5:9, 14; Job 3:22; Ps 35:26; 113:9; 126:3; Pr 2:14; 15:13; 17:5, 22; Ecc 2:10; Am 6:13+); 2. LN 88.283–88.288 merrymaker, i.e., pertaining to a person who drinks wine in celebration to elevate the mood (Isa 24:7+)

שָׂמֵחַ (śā·mēaḥ): n.masc.—see 8524 (Job 3:22; Ps 35:26; Pr 2:14; 17:5; Isa 24:7; Am 6:13+)

8525 שִׂמְחָה (śim·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8057; TWOT 2268b—1. LN 25.116–25.134 joy, gladness, delight, i.e., a feeling or attitude of joyful happiness and cheerfulness (Ps 51:10[EB 8]), note: in some contexts this is a response to, or manifestation of, worship to God and so transcendent even of unfavorable circumstances; 2. LN 24.95 pleasure, i.e., a state of happiness, with a focus on sensory input to the body which gives entertainment to the senses (Pr 21:17; Ecc 2:1; 2:2, 10; 7:4)

8526 שְׂמִיכָה (śemî·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8063; TWOT 2269a—LN 6.152–6.187 covering, i.e., a rug or blanket put over a person to make them warm and comfortable while resting (Jdg 4:18+), note: KB, Holladay, translate here as “curtain” and the verb apparently as “conceal,” and so the action is one of hiding a person behind a curtain in a certain section of a tent

8527 שָׂמַךְ (śā·mǎḵ): v.—(qal inf.) sustain, support, i.e., provide whatever is necessary to live in any of the various areas of life (Ecc 2:3 cj+), note: for MT text, see 5432; related to 6164

8528 שַׂמְלָה (śǎm·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8072;—LN 93-pers. (male) Samlah: king of Edom (Ge 36:36, 37; 1Ch 1:47, 48+)

8529 שִׂמְלָה (śim·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8071; TWOT 2270a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 clothing, garment, i.e., one’s attire generally (Ge 37:34; 41:14; 44:13; 45:22; Ex 3:22; 12:35; 19:10, 14; Dt 22:5; Jos 7:6; Isa 4:1+), note: there may be overlap in verses and meanings; 2. LN 6.152–6.187 cloak, wrapper, mantle, i.e., an outer garment which could be worn, and used as a blanket (Ge 9:23; 35:2; Ex 12:34; 22:26[EB 27]; Dt 8:4; 10:18; 21:13; 22:3, 17; Jdg 8:25; Ru 3:3; 1Sa 21:10[EB 9]; 2Sa 12:20; Pr 30:4; Isa 3:6, 7; 9:4[EB 5]+)

שׂמלי (śmly) BDB: see 8530

8530 שַׂמְלַי (śǎm·lǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8073;—LN 93-pers. (male) Samlai: ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:46 v.r.+), note: for BHS spellings of K/Q, see 8978, 9036

שׂמם (śmm): see 8531

8531 שָׂמַם (śā·mǎm): v.—LN 49 (hif) put on makeup, i.e., apply cosmetic dye or paint, or smear on perfumes, ointments, or pastes as a beauty aid (2Ki 9:30+), note: some parse as 6167, or 8492 qal

8532 שְׂמָמִית (śemā·mîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8079; TWOT 2271—LN 4.51–4.57 (most versions) lizard, i.e., a long-bodied reptile, with legs (Pr 30:28+), note: some sources identify specifically as gecko (a house-lizard known for climbing walls), Hemidactylus turcicus, “and others;” (KJV, NKJV, Tanakh ftn) translate “spider.”

שׂנא (śnʾ): see 8533

8533 שָׂנֵא (śā·nē(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 8130; TWOT 2272—1. LN 88.198–88.205 (qal) hate, abhor, detest, loathe, be hostile, have a feeling of open hostility and intense dislike (Ge 37:4); (qal pass.) hated (Isa 60:15+); (nif) hated (Pr 14:20+); 2. LN 39.1–39.12 (qal) be an enemy, i.e., be in open hostility and strife with another (Pr 29:24), note: for qal ptcp. as n.masc., see 8533.5; (piel) note: for piel ptcp. as n.masc., see 5383.5; 3. LN 25.33–25.58 (qal) dislike, shun, not love, i.e., have a feeling of lacking of love and compassion for an object, implying a refusal or shunning of relationship (Dt 22:13, 16; 24:3; Pr 11:15; 19:7); (qal pass.) be unloved, loved less than (Ge 29:31, 33; Dt 21:15,16, 17; Pr 30:23+); (nif) unloved, be shunned (Pr 14:17+); 4. LN 13.104–13.163 unit: לֹא שָׂנֵא מִן תְּמוֹל שִׁלְשׁוֹם (lō(ʾ) śā·nē(ʾ) min temôl šil·šôm) without malice aforethought, formally, not hate from the past, i.e., pertaining to something that “just happens” without any intent, so concluded to be an accident (Dt 4:42; 19:4, 6; Jos 20:5+), see also domain LN 30.53–30.55 for its opposite, “intention”

שׂאנֵא (śʾnē(ʾ)): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 8533]; ≡ Str 8130; TWOT 2272—LN 39.1–39.12 enemy, foe, adversary, i.e., one who is an opponent, usually in open hostility (Ge 24:60; Ex 1:10; 20:5; 23:5; Lev 26:17; Dt 4:42; 5:9; 7:10,15; 19:4, 6, 11; 30:7; Jos 20:5; 2Sa 19:7[EB 6]; 22:18; 2Ch 1:11; 19:2; Est 9:1, 5, 16; Job 8:22; 34:17; Ps 9:14[EB 13]; 18:18[EB 17]; 21:9[EB 8]; 34:22[EB 21]; 35:19; 38:20[EB 19]; 41:8[EB 7]; 69:15[EB 14]; 86:17; 106:10, 41; 118:7; 129:5; Pr 25:21; 26:24; 27:6; Isa 66:5; Eze 16:27+)

8534 שִׂנְאָה (śin·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8135; TWOT 2272b—LN 88.198–88.205 hatred, malice, i.e., a very strong dislike, with accompanying feelings of hostility and actions of opposition (Nu 35:20; Dt 1:27; 9:28; 2Sa 13:15; Ps 25:19; 109:3, 5; 139:22; Pr 10:12, 18; 15:17; 26:26; Ecc 9:1, 6; Eze 23:29; 35:11+), note: for strong contrast to feelings of love, see LN 25.33–25.58

8535 שָׂנִיא (śā·nî(ʾ)): adj.; ≡ Str 8146; TWOT 2272a—LN 88.192–88.197 disdained, slighted, not loved, held in aversion, formally, hated, i.e., pertaining to one held in lower esteem or possibly some degree of contempt in contrast to another of a similar kind (Dt 21:15+), see also domain LN 87.58–87.75

8536 שְׂנִיר (śenîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8149;—LN 93-place (a mountain) Senir: another name for Mt. Hermon (Dt 3:9; 1Ch 5:23; SS 4:8; Eze 27:5+), see also 3056

שְׂעִיפִּים (śeʿîp·pîm): see 8546

8537 I. שָׂעִיר (śā·ʿîr): adj.; ≡ Str 8163; TWOT 2274c, 2274e—LN 8.13 hairy, shaggy, i.e., pertaining to having more hair than is normal for a particular kind (Ge 27:11, 23; Da 8:21+), note: for another parsing in Daniel, see 8538

8538 II. שָׂעִיר (śā·ʿîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8163; TWOT 2274c—LN 4.1–4.37 goat, he-goat, i.e., a male, mature, small mammal which is a ceremonially clean, hollow-horned, ruminate of the genus Capra, (2Ch 29:23), note: for another parsing of Da 8:21, see 8537; note: for another parsing in Isa 13:21; 34:14, see 8539

8539 III. שָׂעִיר (śā·ʿîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8163; TWOT 2274c—1. LN 6.96–6.101 goat-idol, i.e., a goat-shaped idol (Lev 17:7; 2Ch 11:15+), see 8538; note: some repoint 2Ki 23:8 “gates,” as “goat idol.”; 2. LN 12.1–12.42 (KJV, RSV, NRSV, NAB, Tanakh) goat-demon, satyr, i.e., a spirit being that inhabits desolate areas (Isa 13:21; 34:14+), note: (most versions) in Isa. translate as 8538

8540 IV. שָׂעִיר (śā·ʿîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8164; TWOT 2277a—LN 14.10–14.14 rain shower, i.e., an episode of gentle rain as a natural weather event watering plants, with a possible focus on the raindrops themselves (Dt 32:2+)

8541 I. שֵׂעִיר (śē·ʿîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8165; TWOT 2274g, 2274h—LN 93-place (terr) 1. Seir: land of Edom, S of Dead Sea (Ge 14:6; 32:4[EB 3]) 2. (mount) in Arabah(Dt 1:2; 2Ch 20:10, 22, 23a)

8542 II. שֵׂעִיר (śē·ʿîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8165; TWOT 2274h—LN 93-place (a mountain) Seir: mountain forming part of Judah’s N border (Jos 15:10+)

8543 III. שֵׂעִיר (śē·ʿîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8165; TWOT 2274h—LN 93-pers. (male) Seir: of Esau (Ge 36:20, 21; 1Ch 1:38+)

8544 I. שְׂעִירָה (śeʿî·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8166;—LN 4.1–4.37 goat, she-goat, i.e., a female, mature, small mammal which is a ceremonially clean, ruminate of the genus Capra, (Lev 4:28; 5:6+)

8545 II. שְׂעִירָה (śeʿî·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8167;—LN 93-place (loc.) Seirah: town or area in Ephraim (Jdg 3:26+)

שְׂעִירִים (śeʿî·rîm) BDB: see 8540

8546 שְׂעִפִּים (śeʿip·pîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 5587; TWOT 1527f—LN 30.1–30.38 troubled thoughts, i.e., the processing of information which causes distress in one’s mind and heart (Job 4:13; 20:2+)

I. שׂער (śʿr): see 8547

II. שׂער (śʿr): see 8548

III. שׂער (śʿr): see 8549

8547 I. שָׂעַר (śā·ʿǎr): v.; ≡ Str 8175; TWOT 2274d, 2275, 2276—LN 16 (qal) bristle, have stiff hair on living tissue, i.e., have hair stand on end on the top of the skin, as an involuntary response, caused by cold, horror, or excitement (Jer 2:12; Eze 27:35; 32:10+), note: NIV translates “shudder.”

8548 II. שָׂעַר (śā·ʿǎr): v.; ≡ Str 8175; TWOT 2274d—1. LN 14.4–14.9 (nif) be in a wind storm, i.e., be what is or is perceived as a natural weather event of a strong blowing of the wind (Ps 50:3+); (piel) sweep away by a wind (Job 27:21+), note: in some contexts this may refer to death or destruction, see also domain LN 20.61–20.88; 2. LN 20.61–20.88 (qal) destroyed, killed, formally, sweep away, i.e., be in a state of harm or destruction, as a figurative extension of an object being blown away in a wind storm and so be no more (Ps 58:10[EB 9]+); (hitp) storm against, aggressively harm another (Da 11:40+)

8549 III. שָׂעַר (śā·ʿǎr): v.; ≡ Str 8175; TWOT 2274d—1. (qal) know, be acquainted with, i.e., gain or possess information about an object, implying some level of relationship or familiarity with the object through experience (Dt 32:17+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 53.53–53.64 (qal) respect, fear, i.e., profound respect and awe for deity in worship, which borders on feelings of awe and wonder or actual fear of deities power (Dt 32:17+), see also domain LN 25.251–25.269; note: in the editor’s opinion, “know” may be the best rendering based on the parallel “know” in the prior clause, and the etymological identification of KB which concurs with the context

8550 I. שַׂעַר (śǎ·ʿǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8178; TWOT 2275a—LN 25.251–25.269 horror, terror, formally, bristling, i.e., be in a state or condition of great fear and distress as a figurative extension of the bristling of hair as an involuntary response (to fear) (Job 18:20; Eze 27:35; 32:10+)

8551 II. שַׂעַר (śǎ·ʿǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8178; TWOT 2275a—LN 14.4–14.9 gale, wind storm, i.e., a fierce episode of destructive wind blowing or swirling, as a natural weather storm (Isa 28:2+)

שָׂעִר (śā·ʿir) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8537

8552 שֵׂעָר (śē·ʿār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8181; TWOT 2274a—LN 8.12 hair, i.e., a collective of slender, thread-like outgrowth on the skin of an animal or human (Ge 25:25; Lev 13:3, 4, 10, 20, 21, 25, 26, 30, 31, 32, 36, 37; 14:8, 9; Nu 6:5, 18; Jdg 16:22; 2Sa 14:26; 2Ki 1:8; Ezr 9:3; Ps 68:22[EB 21]; SS 4:1; 6:5; Isa 7:20; Eze 16:7; Zec 13:4+), note: for products of the body, see LN 8.70–8.77

8553 שַׂעֲרָה (śǎ·ʿǎrā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8185; TWOT 2274b—LN 8.12 a hair, i.e., an individual unit of slender, thread-like outgrowth on the skin of an animal or human (Jdg 20:16; 1Sa 14:45; 2Sa 14:11; 1Ki 1:52; Job 4:15; Ps 40:13[EB 12]; 69:5[EB 4]+), note: for products of the body, see LN 8.70–8.77

8554 שְׂעָרָה (śeʿā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8183; TWOT 2275b—LN 14.4–14.9 gale, wind storm, i.e., a fierce episode of destructive wind blowing or swirling, as a natural weather storm (Job 9:17; Na 1:3+)

8555 שְׂעֹרָה (śeʿō·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8184; TWOT 2274f—1. LN 3.13–3.32 barley plant, i.e., a cereal grain plant, Hordeum sativum (Ex 9:31; 2Sa 14:30; 1Ch 11:13; Job 31:40; Isa 28:25+); 2. LN 3.33–3.46 barley grain, i.e., the fruit part of the barley plant (Lev 27:16; Nu 5:15; Dt 8:8; Jdg 7:13; Ru 1:22; 2:17, 23; 3:2, 15, 17; 2Sa 17:28; 21:9; 1Ki 5:8[EB 4:28]; 2Ki 4:42; 7:1, 16, 18; 2Ch 2:9[EB 10],14[EB 15]; 27:5; Jer 41:8; Eze 4:9, 12; 13:19; 45:13; Hos 3:2; Joel 1:11+)

8556 שְׂעֹרִים (śeʿō·rîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8188;—LN 93-pers. (male) Seorim: priest of the 4th course (1Ch 24:8+)

שׂפד (śpd) Lisowsky: see 6199

שְׂפֹדְנָה (śep̄ō·ḏenā(h)) BDB: see 6199 (Jer 49:3+)

8557 שָׂפָה (śā·p̄ā(h)): n.fem. or occasionally masc.; ≡ Str 8193; TWOT 2278a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 lips, i.e., the organ which forms words (and so closely associated with speech) on the front of the mouth (Da 10:16); 2. LN 33.69–33.108 speech, i.e., a combination of words spoken in a way to communicate a message (Pr 22:11); 3. LN 33.1–33.8 language, i.e., a distinct verbal code used by a very large unit, usually a national or tribal group (Ge 11:1); 4. LN 80.5–80.7 edge, rim, border, band, i.e., the outer boundary of an area or space, either as a starting or ending point (1Ki 7:23); 5. LN 8.9–8.69 mouth, formally, lips, i.e., orifice of the head that holds a bit (2Ki 9:28; Isa 37:29); 6. LN 1.60–1.68 bank, shoreline, i.e., the area of land which meets a river as a body of water (Ge 41:3, 17); 7. LN 33.382–33.386 whisper, i.e., a complaint which is spoken in hushed tones (La 3:62); 8. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: אִישׁ שָׂפָה (ʾîš śā·p̄ā(h)) talker, formally, man of lips, i.e., one who speaks (Ge 11:7; Job 11:2+); 9. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: דָּבָר שָׂפָה (dā·ḇār śā·p̄ā(h)) empty words, mere talk, i.e., speech that cannot be backed by the actions it claims (2Ki 18:20; Pr 14:23; Isa 36:5+); 10. LN 1.60–1.68 unit: שָׂפָה הַ־ יָם (śā·p̄ā(h) hǎ- yām) shoreline, formally, lip of the sea, i.e., the area where the land meets a body of water (Ge 22:17), note: cf. 8559

שׂפח (śpḥ): see 8558

8558 שָׂפַח (śā·p̄ǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 5596; TWOT 1532—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (piel) shave, make bald, i.e., actively remove hair from the head with a razor, as a degrading punishment (Isa 3:17+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 23.142–23.184 (piel) bring sores, make scabby, i.e., impart a skin disorder that removes hair from the head (Isa 3:17+), note: “shave” is the more likely contextual translation

שִׂפַּח (śip·pǎḥ) BDB: see 8558

8559 שָׂפָם (śā·p̄ām): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8222; TWOT 2279—1. LN 8.9–8.69 mustache, i.e., the collection of hair on a man’s face above and to the sides of the lips (2Sa 19:25[EB 24]+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 lower face, i.e., the part of the face below the eyes and possibly below the nose, but above the lips (Lev 13:45; Eze 24:17, 22; Mic 3:7+), cf. 8557

8560 שִׂפְמוֹת (śip̄·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8224;—LN 93-place (loc.) Siphmoth: town somewhere in Judah (1Sa 30:28+)

שׂפן (śpn): see 8561

8561 שָׂפַן (śā·p̄ǎn): v.; ≡ Str 8226; TWOT 1537—LN 28.68–28.83 (qal pass.) hidden, covered, i.e., pertaining to that which is not normally able to be known and so used (Dt 33:19+), note: for a focus on the covering over of an object, see also domain LN 79.114–79.117; note: this can refer to any of the valued things of the sea, including: fish, shells for dye, sand for glass, or any other valued objects used by the tribes from the sea

I. שׂפק (śpq): see 8562

II. שׂפק (śpq): see 8563

8562 I. שָׂפַק (śā·p̄ǎq): v.; ≡ Str 5606; TWOT 1539—1. LN 33.476–33.489 (qal) clap, i.e., make a sound by striking one’s two palms together, so making a non-verbal communication (Job 27:23+), note: in context this refers to a sound of derision or malice; see also domain LN 14.74–14.86; 2. LN 57.189–57.208 (hif) do business, formally, clasp hands, i.e., engage in a business relationship with another as an extension of making hand shaking gesture (Isa 2:6+), note: for a focus on the non-linear motion of clasping hands together, see also domain LN 16; note: for another parsing, see 8563

8563 II. שָׂפַק (śā·p̄ǎq): v.; ≡ Str 5606; TWOT 1539—1. LN 59.44–59.47 (qal impf.) be enough, suffice, i.e., pertaining to a quantity adequate for some purpose (1Ki 20:10+); 2. LN 57.22–57.24 (hif impf.) abound, prosper, i.e., have more than enough of possessions or money for a life of ease (Isa 2:6+), note: for another parsing, see 8562

8564 שֶׂפֶק (śě·p̄ěq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8210; TWOT 2444—see 6217 BDB form

8565 שֵׂפֶק (śē·p̄ěq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 5607; TWOT 1539a—LN 59.44–59.47 plenty, sufficiency, i.e., the state or condition of having an adequate quantity (Job 20:22+)

8566 שַׂק (śǎq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8242; TWOT 2282a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 sackcloth, i.e., a coarse, durable common household and farming material made usually of goats hair, used as ceremonial clothing in mourning ritual (causing discomfort to wear), and used as a ground blanket (Ge 37:34; Lev 11:32; 2Sa 3:31; 21:10; 1Ki 20:31, 32; 21:27; 2Ki 6:30; 19:1, 2; 1Ch 21:16; Ne 9:1; Est 4:1, 2, 3, 4; Job 16:15; Ps 30:12[EB 11]; 35:13; 69:12[EB 11]; Isa 3:24; 15:3; 20:2; 22:12; 37:1, 2; 50:3; 58:5; Jer 4:8; 6:26; 48:37; 49:3; La 2:10; Eze 7:18; 27:31; Da 9:3; Joel 1:8, 13; Am 8:10; Jnh 3:5, 6, 8+); 2. LN 6.118–6.151 sack, i.e., a flexible container made of sackcloth, used for holding grain and other objects (Ge 42:25, 27, 35; Jos 9:4+)

שׂקד (śqd): see 8567

8567 שָׂקַד (śā·qǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 8244; TWOT 2281—LN 18.12–18.23 (nif pf.) be bound, i.e., pertaining to being attached to an object by straps or ropes (La 1:14+), note: some MSS read 9193, “watch is kept (upon my sins)”

שׂקר (śqr): see 8568

8568 שָׂקַר (śā·qǎr): v.; ≡ Str 8265; TWOT 2283—LN 24.1–24.51 (piel ptcp.) flirting glance, ogle with the eyes, i.e., to look at another person in a way that communicates a possible relationship, see also domain LN 33.476–33.489 (Isa 3:16+), note: in context the look may communicate coyness or haughtiness

8569 שַׂר (śǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8269; TWOT 2295a—1. LN 55.14–55.22 commander, captain, ruler, i.e., a military officer over soldiers (1Sa 14:50); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 prince, noble, i.e., a leader of government and society, with a focus on their family and clan relationships (2Sa 3:38); 3. LN 37.48–37.95 official, leader, chief, i.e., one who is a leader in any of various capacities (1Ch 15:5); 4. LN 12.1–12.42 high ranking angel (Jos 5:14, 15; Da 8:25; 10:13b, 20ab, 21; 12:1) see also 6233; also, a part of a compound name, Nebo-Sarsekim, see 5552; 5. LN 37.119–37.126 warden, i.e., an official overseeing prisoners and their facilities (Ge 39:21); 6. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: שַׂר צָבָא (śǎr ṣā·ḇā(ʾ))2 commander, formally, chief of the army, i.e., a military leader over soldiers (Dt 20:9); 7. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: שַׂר חֲמִשִּׁים (śǎr ḥǎmiš·šîm) captain, formally, chief of fifty (2Ki 1:9); 8. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: רֹאשׁ וְ־ שַׂר (rō(ʾ)š w- śǎr) commander-in-chief, formally, head and chief, i.e., the highest commander in a military (1Ch 11:6); 9. LN 37.48–37.95 unit: שַׂר שָׂרִים (śǎr śā·rîm) highest prince, formally prince of princes, i.e., a supreme leader (Da 8:25); note: Da 8:11, 25 NIV capitalizes “Prince” as a special title; 10. LN 53.66–53.95 unit: שַׂר שָׁלוֹם (śǎr šā·lôm) Prince of Peace, i.e., a title of messiah, with a focus on the reign of peace he will have (Isa 9:5)

8570 שַׂרְאֶצֶר (śǎr·ʾě·ṣěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8272;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sharezer: 1. son of Sennacherib (2Ki 19:37; Isa 37:38+) 2. one entreating the priests of the Lord (Zec 7:2+); also part of a compound name, Nergal-Sharezer, see 5947

שַׂר־אֶצֶר (śǎr-·ʾě·ṣěr): see 8570 (Zec 7:2)

שׂרג (śrg): see 8571

8571 שָׂרַג (śā·rǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 8276; TWOT 2284—1. LN 76 (pual) strong, powerful, formally, intertwined, be close-knit, i.e., pertaining to having very great physical strength, as a figurative extension interweaving of materials to make a very strong material such as rope or tightly woven cloth (Job 40:17+); 2. LN 37.1–37.32 (hitp) make strong, use to control or restrain, formally, interweave, knit together, i.e., restrict or repress an object, as a figurative extension of interweaving of materials to make a very strong material such as rope or controlling harness (La 1:14+)

שׂרד (śrd): see 8572

8572 שָׂרַד (śā·rǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 8277; TWOT 2285—LN 21.14–21.16 (qal pf.) escape, formally, run away, i.e., to physically leave a dangerous place and go to a safe place (Jos 10:20+), note: for a focus on the linear motion, see also domain LN 15.34–15.74

8573 שְׂרָד (śerāḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8278; TWOT 2286a—LN 6.152–6.187 woven material, elaborately sewn material, i.e., a material with braiding woven or sewn into it (Ex 31:10; 35:19; 39:1, 41+), note: Holladay suggests translating “corduroy?”

8574 שֶׂרֶד (śě·rěḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8279; TWOT 2286b—LN 6.54–6.67 (NIV) marker, i.e., that which makes line-mark on a piece of wood, likely by pressing into the wood, see also domain LN 33.476–33.489 (Isa 44:13+), note: NRSV, NAB, Tanakh, “stylus;” NJB, “chisel;” NEB, REB, “scriber;” ASV, RSV, “pencil;” note: KB, Holladay, NASB, NKJV translate “(red) chalk,” as an iron residue powder for marking; note: if the clauses are seen as a progression then “chalk” is contextually better, if verse is in a parallel format of some kind, then “chisel” is the better contextual rendering, which the editor prefers

שׂרה (śrh): see 8575

8575 I. שָׂרָה (śā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8280; TWOT 2287—LN 39.22–39.32 (qal) struggle, contend, strive, i.e., the act. of being in conflict, either physical or non-physical with another (Ge 32:29[EB 28]; Hos 12:4[EB 3],5[EB 4]+), note: for another parsing in Hos 12:5[EB 4], see 8462; note: in context the struggle was a success

8576 II. שָׂרָה (śā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8282; TWOT 2295b—1. LN 37.48–37.95 woman of nobility, lady of royal birth, i.e., one in the royal ruling class of nobility (Jdg 5:29; 1Ki 11:3; Est 1:18+); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 queen, i.e., the wife of a king with high status, but usually has much less political power (Isa 49:23; La 1:1+)

8577 III. שָׂרָה (śā·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8283;—LN 93-pers. (female) Sarah: wife of Abraham, mother of Issac (Ge 17:15–25:12 passim; Ge 49:31; Isa 51:2+), see also 8584

8578 שְׂרוּג (śerûḡ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8286;—LN 93-pers. (male) Serug: of Shem (Ge 11:20, 21, 22, 23; 1Ch 1:26+), see also DBLGrk 4952

8579 שְׂרוֹךְ (śerôḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8288; TWOT 2290a—LN 6.14–6.22 sandal-thong, shoe-strap, i.e., a strip or string of leather to attach and fasten a sandal to a foot (Ge 14:23; Isa 5:27+), note: an item of relatively little value

שְׂרוּקִים (śerû·qîm): see 8601

8580 שֶׂרַח (śě·rǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8294;—LN 93-pers. (female) Serah: daughter of Asher (Ge 46:17; Nu 26:46; 1Ch 7:30+)

שׂרט (śrṭ): see 8581

8581 שָׂרַט (śā·rǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 8295; TWOT 2289—1. LN 19.14–19.26 (qal impf.) make a cut, i.e., incise the skin with a sharp implement, making a cut-line on the epidermis (Lev 21:5+); 2. LN 19.27–19.33 (qal pf.) lacerate, i.e., cut open soft tissue by pressure and tearing (Zec 12:3a+); (nif impf.) make oneself lacerated, injury oneself by making tearing-type of cuts (Zec 12:3b+)

8582 שֶׂרֶט (śě·rěṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8296; TWOT 2289a—LN 19.14–19.26 cut, an incision, i.e., the act. or condition of incising the epidermis with a sharp implement (Lev 19:28+), see also 8583

8583 שָׂרֶטֶת (śā·rě·ṭěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8296; TWOT 2289a—LN 19.14–19.26 cut, an incision, i.e., the act. or condition of incising the epidermis with a sharp implement (Lev 21:5+), see also 8582

8584 שָׂרַי (śā·rǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8297;—LN 93-pers. (female) Sarai: wife of Abraham, mother of Issac (Ge 11:29–17:15 passim+) see also 8577

8585 שָׂרִיג (śā·rîḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8299; TWOT 2284a—LN 3.47–3.59 branch, offshoot, i.e., that which extends from the trunk or main part of a tree or plant (Ge 40:10, 12; Joel 1:7+), note: if a plant, translate, “tendril,” as a fibrous, woody extension of a plant

8586 I. שָׂרִיד (śā·rîḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8300; TWOT 2285a—LN 63.21–63.22 survivor, remnant, i.e., persons or things that are left over, a part of a whole that remain (Nu 21:35; 24:19; Dt 2:34; 3:3; Jos 8:22; 10:20, 28, 30, 33, 37, 39, 40; 11:8; Jdg 5:13; 2Ki 10:11; Job 18:19; 20:21, 26; 27:15; Isa 1:9; Jer 31:2; 42:17; 44:14; 47:4; La 2:22; Joel 3:5[EB 2:32]; Ob 14, 18+)

8587 II. שָׂרִיד (śā·rîḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8301;—LN 93-place (loc.) (most versions) Sarid: town in Zebulun (Jos 19:10, 12+), note: for Jos 19:10 cj,12 cj+, see 8722

8588 שְׂרָיָה (śerā·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8304;—LN 93-pers. (male) Seraiah: 1. scribe of King David (2Sa 8:17+), see also 8737, 8807, 8881 2. chief priest executed by Nebuchadnezzar (2Ki 25:18; 1Ch 5:40[EB 6:14]; Ezr 7:1; Jer 52:24+) 3. son of Tanhumeth (2Ki 25:23; Jer 40:8+) 4. of Judah (1Ch 4:13, 14+) 5. of Simeon (1Ch 4:35+) 6. returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:2; Ne 12:1, 12+) 7. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:3[EB 2]+) 8. priest in the days of Nehemiah (Ne 11:11+) 9. see 8589 10. officer of King Zedekiah (Jer 51:59,61+), see also 8589

8589 שְׂרָיָהוּ (śerā·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8304;—LN 93-pers. (male) Seraiahu (Seraiah NIV): arresting officer for King Jehoiakim (Jer 36:26+)

8590 שִׂרְיוֹן (śir·yôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8303;—LN 93-place (a mountain) Sirion: high mountain in NE Israel, also known as Hermon (Dt 3:9; Ps 29:6+), see also 3056

שִׂרְיֹן (śir·yōn) BDB: see 8590

8591 שָׂרִיק (śā·rîq): adj.; ≡ Str 8305; TWOT 2293a—LN 48 combed, i.e., pertaining to a process of separating plant fibers and removing impurities as a first step in making linen, with a comb-like or brush-like instrument (Isa 19:9+), note: for a cj, see 8600

שׂרךְ (śrk): see 8592

8592 שָׂרַךְ (śā·rǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 8308; TWOT 2290—1. LN 16 (piel ptcp. fs) interweave, twist, i.e., a back and forth motion, implying a motion which goes no particular linear direction (Jer 2:23+); 2. LN 15.1–15.17 unit: שָׂרַךְ דֶּרֶךְ (śā·rǎḵ dě·rěḵ) run aimlessly, i.e., make linear motion back and forth, here then there, and so linear motion with no goal or destination (Jer 2:23+)

8593 שַׂר־סְכִים (śǎr-·seḵîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8310;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sarsekim: part of a compound name, Nebo-Sarsekim, see 5552

שַׂרְסְכִים (śǎr·seḵîm) BDB: see 8593

שׂרע (śrʿ): see 8594

8594 שָׂרַע (śā·rǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 8311; TWOT 2291—1. LN 79.60–79.61 (qal pass. ptcp.) be deformed, formally, extended, i.e., pertaining to a condition of any kind in which an object has an abnormal shape or appearance (Lev 21:18; 22:23+), note: the cause of being misshaped may be by birth or by later accident; 2. LN 16 (hitp) stretch oneself, i.e., extend the body limbs to a full length (Isa 28:20+), note: in context, a body stretching in a horizontal motion

8595 שַׂרְעַפִּים (śǎr·ʿǎp·pîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 8312; TWOT 2273b—LN 30.1–30.38 troubled thoughts, anxious thoughts, i.e., the processing of information which causes distress and anxiety in one’s mind and heart (Ps 94:19; 139:23+)

שׂרף (śrp): see 6251, 8596

8596 שָׂרַף (śā·rǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 8313; TWOT 2292—1. LN 14.63–14.73 (qal) burn, i.e., consume objects by fire (Ex 29:34), note: this can refer to giving a sacrifice or offering to deity by fire, see also domain LN 53.16–53.27; (qal pass.) burned, destroyed by fire (Nu 17:4[EB 16:39]; 1Sa 30:3; Ne 3:34[EB 4:2]; Ps 80:17[EB 16]; Isa 1:7+); (nif) burned up (Ge 38:24; Lev 4:12; 6:23[EB 30]; 7:17, 19; 13:52; 19:6; 21:9; Jos 7:15; 2Sa 23:7; 1Ch 14:12; Pr 6:27; Jer 38:17; Mic 1:7+), note: this can also refer to burning as a form of execution, killing by fire, see also domain LN 20.61–20.88; (pual) be burned up (Lev 10:16+); 2. LN 45 (qal) bake, kiln, i.e., dry bricks through the influence of drying heat of a fire, as a part of the construction process (Ge 11:3), note: this is in contrast to sun-dried bricks

8597 I. שָׂרָף (śā·rāp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8314; TWOT 2292a, 2292b—1. LN 4.51–4.57 serpent, snake, i.e., a limbless, reptile with a poisonous venom (Nu 21:6, 8; Dt 8:15; Isa 14:29; 30:6+), note: Isa 14:29; 30:6 is possibly a flying serpent of some, some translate “dragon” or “serpent deities,” but the context does not lend itself to these interpretations; 2. LN 12.1–12.42 seraph, i.e., a class of supernatural, six-winged beings (Isa 6:2, 6+)

8598 II. שָׂרָף (śā·rāp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8315;—LN 93-pers. (male) Saraph: of Judah (1Ch 4:22+)

8599 שְׂרֵפָה (śerē·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8316; TWOT 2292c—1. LN 45 bake, i.e., use heat to change the composition of a material, but not consume the material (Ge 11:3+); 2. LN 14.63–14.73 burning, i.e., the condition or process of having combustible material consumed by fire (Lev 10:6; Nu 19:6, 17; Isa 9:4[EB 5]; 64:10[EB 11]; Jer 51:25+); 3. LN 2.3–2.6 fire, i.e., a pile of combustible material that is burning (2Ch 16:14; 21:19; Am 4:11+); 4. LN 14.63–14.73 place of burning, remains, i.e., the area that was burned (Nu 17:2[EB 16:37]; Dt 29:22[EB 23]+)

שְׂרָפִים (śerā·p̄îm) BDB: see 8597

שׂרק (śrq): see 8600

8600 שָׂרַק (śā·rǎq): v.—LN 48 (qal) card flax, i.e., part and separate plant fibers into strands to make thread or yarn for cloth (Isa 19:9 cj+), note: for MT text, see 8591

8601 I. שָׂרֹק (śā·rōq): adj.; ≡ Str 8320; TWOT 2294a—1. LN 79.26–79.38 reddish-brown, i.e., a color of an object (Zec 1:8+), note: NIV “brown;” oth sources suggest “bright red,” or even “pale yellow.”; 2. LN 79.26–79.38 color pattern, i.e., a spotted or two-tone color pattern, possible in colors of lighter and darker brown (Zec 1:8+), note: (BDB, ASV, NASB, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, NAB, NJB, REB, Tanakh) sorrel-colored, chestnut, i.e., reddish brown with other lighter parts, (KJV) speckled, (NEB) dappled; note: context is best served by a single color, so “brown” or “reddish-brown.”

8602 II. שָׂרֹק (śā·rōq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8291; TWOT 2294b—1. LN 3.47–3.59 tendrils, i.e., the extending branches on vines, as a non-fruit part of the plant (Isa 16:8+), note: NIV “choice vine”; 2. LN 3.33–3.46 cluster, i.e., a bunch of grapes on the vine, with a focus on their bright-red or purple color, as a fruit part of the plant (Isa 16:8+), note: context is best served by a spreading part of a plant, i.e., “tendril,” or “vine.”

8603 I. שֹׂרֵק (śō·rēq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8321; TWOT 2294c—LN 3.47–3.59 grapevine slip, grape-plant shoot, i.e., a branch or shoot of the domestic grape plant, of very good quality (Isa 5:2; Jer 2:21+), note: some sources say this refers to a specific species of grape plant, based on a unique red color

8604 II. שֹׂרֵק (śō·rēq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7796, 8291;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sorek: valley in the area about 20 miles SE of Joppa, i.e., around (Jdg 16:4+)

8605 שְׂרֵקָה (śerē·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8322; TWOT 2468a—LN 3.47–3.59 thick tendril, i.e., a woody part of the domestic grape plant (Ge 49:11+), note: some sources say this refers to a specific species of grape plant, based on a unique red color

שׂרר (śrr): see 8606

8606 שָׂרַר (śā·rǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7786, 8323; TWOT 2295—1. LN 37.48–37.95 (qal) rule, govern, i.e., act. as a ruler (Jdg 9:22; Est 1:22; Pr 8:16; Isa 32:1+); (hitp) act. out as a ruler (Nu 16:13+), note: in 1Ch 15:22 NIV parses as 6254, with same meaning; 2. LN 37.96–37.107 (hif) make another a ruler, i.e., set one up to be a ruler (Hos 8:4+), note: in context, a usurpation of authority

8607 שָׂשׂוֹן (śā·śôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8342; TWOT 2246a—LN 25.116–25.134 joy, gladness, exultation, i.e., a state of happiness, with a focus on making sounds and expressions of joy (Est 8:16, 17; Ps 45:8[EB 7]; 51:10[EB 8],14[EB 12]; 105:43; 119:111; Isa 12:3; 22:13; 35:10; 51:3, 11; 61:3; Jer 7:34; 15:16; 16:9; 25:10; 31:13; 33:9, 11; Joel 1:12; Zec 8:19+)

שָׂשֹׂן (śā·śōn) BDB: see 8607 (Est 8:16+)

שֵׂת (śēṯ) BDB: see 8420 (Job 41:17[EB 25]+)

שׂתם (śtm): see 8608

8608 שָׂתַם (śā·ṯǎm): v.; ≡ Str 5640; TWOT 1550—1. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) shut in, obstruct, i.e., to cause to cease, and so stop an activity from being effective, as a figurative extension of an object being stopped from leaving a space (La 3:8+); 2. LN 79.114–79.117 (qal pass.) be closed, i.e., pertaining to an eye having the lids over it (Nu 24:3 cj,15 cj+), note: for MT text, see 9280

שׂתר (śtr): see 8609

8609 שָׂתַר (śā·ṯǎr): v.; ≡ Str 8368; TWOT 2297—LN 23.142–23.184 (nif pf.) be broken out, be sick with, i.e., pertaining to a pandemic outbreak of a disease or other sick condition (1Sa 5:9+)

שׁ

8610 שׁ (š): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

8611 שַׁ־ (šǎ-): pt. of relation; ≡ Str 7945; TWOT 184—1. LN 92.27–92.28 which, what, who, that one, i.e., a marker of a relative reference to an entity, event, or state (Ps 129:6); 2. LN 89.15–89.38 because, for, i.e., a marker of cause or reason (Ecc 2:18b); 3. LN 90.21–90.28 that, i.e., a marker of discourse content, whether direct or indirect (Ecc 2:14); 4. LN 83.5–83.8 where, at, here, there, i.e., a marker of reference to a position (Ecc 11:3); 5. LN 89.39–89.54 so, so that, i.e., a marker of result (Ecc 3:14); 6. LN 67.17–67.64 when, i.e., a marker of a point in time roughly simultaneous to or overlapping another point in time (SS 3:4:), note: for Ge 49:10, see 8869; see also 889; note: often the NIV does not translate, using it as a structural marker for understanding the sentence structure and clause arrangement; note: further study may yield more domains

שֶׁ־ (šě-): see 8611

שֹׁא (šō(ʾ)) BDB: see 8738

שׁאב (šʾb): see 8612

8612 שָׁאַב (šā·ʾǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7579; TWOT 2299.1—LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) draw and carry water, i.e., to move water from its source to areas of use (Ge 24:13, 19, 20,43, 44, 45; Ru 2:9; 1Sa 7:6; 9:11; 2Sa 23:16; 1Ch 11:18; Isa 12:3; Na 3:14+), note: for qal act. ptcp. as n.masc., see 8612.5, for n.fem., see 8612.6

שֹׁאֵב (šō·ʾēḇ): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc. of 8612]; ≡ Str 7579; TWOT 2299.1—LN 47.1–47.7 water carrier, i.e., man who carries water from a source to an area of use, of low social status (Dt 29:10[EB 11]; Jos 9:21, 23, 27+)

שֹׁאֲבָה (šō·ʾǎḇā(h)): n.fem. [oth qal act.ptcp.fem. of 8612]; ≡ Str 7579; TWOT 2299.1—LN 47.1–47.7 water carrier, i.e., woman who carries water from a source to an area of use, of low social status (Ge 24:11+)

שׁאג (šʾg): see 8613

8613 שָׁאַג (šā·ʾǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 7580; TWOT 2300—1. LN 25.135–25.145 (qal) groan, formally, roar, i.e., make a guttural cry of anguish as a figurative extension of a lion roaring (Ps 38:9[EB 8]+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489, LN 14.74–14.86; 2. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) roar, i.e., make the sound of a lion (Jdg 14:5; Ps 22:14[EB 13]; 104:21; Isa 5:29; Jer 2:15; 51:38; Eze 22:25; Hos 11:10; Am 3:4, 8; Zep 3:3+); 3. LN 14.15–14.16 (qal) thunder, formally, roar, i.e., make the loud sound that accompanies lightning, as a figurative extension of the roar of a lion (Job 37:4+); 4. LN 33.69–33.108 (qal) shout, loud sound, formally, roar, i.e., make a very loud shout implying a violent action will soon follow, as a figurative extension of the roar of a lion (Ps 74:4; Jer 25:30; Joel 4:16[EB 3:16]; Am 1:2+), see also domain LN 14.74–14.86

8614 שְׁאָגָה (šeʾā·ḡā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7581; TWOT 2300a—1. LN 14.74–14.86 roar of lion, blare, i.e., the loud sound a lion makes (Job 4:10; Isa 5:29; Eze 19:7; Zec 11:3+); 2. LN 25.135–25.145 groan, formally, roar, i.e., a guttural cry of anguish as a figurative extension of a lion roaring (Job 3:24; Ps 22:2[EB 1]; 32:3+)

שׁאה (šʾh)[1] KB, Holladay: see 8615

שׁאה (šʾh)[2] KB, Holladay: see 8616; in . see also 8617

שׁאה (šʾh)[3] KB, Holladay: see 8617

8615 I. שָׁאָה (šā·ʾā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7582; TWOT 2301—LN 20.31–20.60 (qal pf.) lie wasted, i.e., be in a state of ruin (Isa 6:11a+); (nif) ruined, i.e., pertaining to a ruined state (Isa 6:11b+); (hif) turn into desolation, i.e., cause an object to be ruined (2Ki 19:25; Isa 37:26+)

8616 II. שָׁאָה (šā·ʾā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7582; TWOT 2301—1. LN 14.74–14.86 (nif) (most versions) roar, blare, i.e., make a very loud sound (Isa 17:12, 13+) note: in context, the roaring sound is making a signal of tumult and fear; note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 15.222 (nif) (KJV, NKJV, NASB, ASV) rush along, move fast, i.e., make a linear movement at great speed (Isa 17:12, 13+), note: in context, a people fleeing, see also domain LN 15.34–15.74; note: context is better served by “roar” as the meaning

8617 III. שָׁאָה (šā·ʾā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7583; TWOT 2302—LN 24.1–24.51 (hitp ptcp. masc.sing.) watch closely, gaze at, i.e., observe an object intensely for a duration, with a view to make a decision about the object observed (Ge 24:21+)

שֹׁאָה (šō·ʾā(h)) BDB: see 8739

8618 שַׁאֲוָה (šǎ·ʾǎwā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7584; TWOT 2301a—LN 14.4–14.9 wind storm, i.e., an intense event of weather which causes destruction (Pr 1:27 K+), note: in context, likely a wind storm, note: for Pr 1:27 Q, see 8739

8619 שְׁאוֹל (šeʾôl): n.fem. or occasionally masc.; ≡ Str 7585; TWOT 2303c—LN 1.17–1.25 Sheol, the Underworld, Hades, the Grave, i.e., a place under the earth where the dead reside, the realm of death (1Sa 2:6), note: for MT parsing in Isa 7:11, see 8628

8620 שָׁאוּל (šā·ʾûl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7586;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shaul: 1. of Esau, an Edomite king (Ge 36:37, 38; 1Ch 1:48, 49+) 2. of Simeon (Ge 46:10; Ex 6:15; Nu 26:13; 1Ch 4:24+), see also 8621 3. ancestor of Samuel the prophet (1Ch 6:9[EB 24]+), see also 3408(2.) 4. (Saul NIV) first king of the united Israel (1Sa 9:2–2Sa 22:1 passim; 1Ch 5:10–15:29 passim; 1Ch 26:28; Ps 18:1[title]; 52:2[EB title]; 54:2[EB title]; 57:1[EB title]; 59:1[EB title]; Isa 10:29+) 5. see also DBLGrk 4910, DBLGrk 4930

8621 שָׁאוּלִי (šā·ʾû·lî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7587;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shaulite: pertaining to Shaul of Simeon (Nu 26:13+), see also 8620(2.)

שָׁאוֹן (šā·ʾôn) Lisowsky: see 8622, 8623

8622 I. שָׁאוֹן (šā·ʾôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7588; TWOT 2301c—1. LN 20.31–20.60 waste, desolation, destruction, i.e., ruin and corruption of an object as an action or state (Ps 40:3[EB 2]+); 2. LN 1.51–1.59 unit: בּוֹר שָׁאוֹן (bôr šā·ʾôn)1 mud-hole, slime-pit, muck-hole, formally, hole of destruction, i.e., a depression, pit, or hole in the ground filled with a thick mass which can trap any object entering it (Ps 40:3[EB 2]+), note: some sources say this refers to the Nether world of Sheol, see also domain LN 1.17–1.25

8623 II. שָׁאוֹן (šā·ʾôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7588; TWOT 2301c—1. LN 14.74–14.86 roar, i.e., a loud noise (Ps 65:8[EB 7]; Isa 17:12b, 13; Jer 46:17; 51:55; Hos 10:14+); 2. LN 39.42–39.44 uproar, tumult, i.e., a state of confusion and social chaos (but not necessarily a political rebellion), with a focus on the loud noise often created in a riotous situation (Ps 74:23; Isa 13:4; 17:12a; 24:8; 25:5; 66:6; Jer 25:31; Am 2:2+); 3. LN 39.42–39.44 brawler, formally, roar, i.e., a person who is loud and causes tumult (Isa 5:14+); 4. LN 39.42–39.44 unit: בֵּן שָׁאוֹן (bēn šā·ʾôn)2 noisy person, formally, son of uproar, i.e., a person who is loud and causes tumult (Jer 48:45+), note: this refers to the soldiers as noisy boasters, see also domain LN 55.14–55.22

8624 שְׁאָט (šeʾāṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7589; TWOT 2345a—LN 39.1–39.12 malice, despising, scorn, i.e., a state or condition of a feeling of hostility and strife toward an enemy (Eze 25:6, 15; 36:5+), see also domain LN 88.192–88.197

שָׁאט (šā(ʾ)ṭ) BDB: see 8624

8625 שְׁאִיָּה (šeʾiy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7591; TWOT 2301b—LN 20.31–20.60 desolation, devastation, i.e., a state of ruin and destruction (Isa 24:12+), note: NIV translates (with the verb) “battered to pieces.”

שׁאל (šʾl): see 8626

שְׁאֹל (šeʾōl) BDB: see 8625

8626 שָׁאַל (šā·ʾǎl): v.; ≡ Str 7592; TWOT 2303—1. LN 33.161–33.177 (qal) ask, inquire, find out, look for, request, question, demand, consult, i.e., make an informational query, usually in the form of a question (1Ki 19:4), note: when a request is to God, this is a prayer, see also domain LN 33.178–33.179; (nif) ask permission (1Sa 20:6,28; Ne 13:6+); (piel) ask intently, beg (2Sa 20:18; Ps 109:10+); (hif) give what is asked for (Ex 12:36+); 2. LN 57.209–57.218 (qal) borrow, i.e., be loaned money or goods, implying they will be returned with proper arrangements (Ex 22:13[EB 14]); (qal pass.) be borrowed (1Sa 1:28; 2Ki 6:5+); 3. LN 25.1–25.11 (qal) want, desire, wish, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of longing to have or experience something (Dt 14:26; 2Ch 11:23; Ecc 2:10); 4. LN 57.209–57.218 (hif) lend, i.e., loan out money or goods for another to use as a temporary possession (1Sa 1:28+); 5. LN 25.1–25.11 unit: (qal) שָׁאַל אֵת נֶפֶשׁ (šā·ʾǎl ʾēṯ ně·p̄ěš) want, desire, formally, ask the soul, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of longing to have or experience something (Jnh 4:8+); 6. LN 33.11–33.25 unit: (qal) שָׁאַל (šā·ʾǎl) … לְ־ שָׁלוֹם (l- šā·lôm) greet, formally, ask about welfare, i.e., say hello to another in friendly manner when meeting another party (Ge 43:27; Ex 18:7; Jdg 18:15; 1Sa 10:4; 17:22; 25:5; 30:21; 2Sa 8:10; 11:7; 1Ch 18:10; Jer 15:5+); 7. LN 33.281–33.285 unit: (qal) שָׁאַל אוֹב (šā·ʾǎl ʾôḇ)2 medium, formally, consulter of ghosts, i.e., a spiritist or necromancer that conjures and communicates with ghosts (Dt 18:11)

8627 שְׁאָל (šeʾāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7594;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sheal: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:29+)

8628 שְׁאָלָה (šeʾā·lā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7592; TWOT 2303—LN 33.161–33.177 request, asking, entreaty, i.e., the act. or condition of asking for information or a behavioral response from another (Isa 7:11+), note: with this meaning עָמַק (ʿā·mǎq) is “profound, hard to understand;” note: some parse MT as qal imv. 2ms. of 8626, with an added end syllable; note: in the editor’s opinion, repointing the text to שְׁאֹלָה (šeʾō·lā(h)) 8619 + 2025 (as in the NIV) is the best contextual solution as a balance to “highest heights” later in the clause

8629 שְׁאֵלָה (šeʾē·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7596; TWOT 2303a—1. LN 33.161–33.177 petition, request, i.e., the act. of asking for something, with a focus on the content of the request (Jdg 8:24; 1Ki 2:16, 20; Est 5:6, 7, 8; 7:2, 3; 9:12; Job 6:8+), note: in context the asking is usually urgent but not demanding, even when the subject is a superior asking an inferior, note: see also 8924; 2. LN 33.161–33.177 petition, request, i.e., the object of one’s request (1Sa 1:27; 2:20; Ps 106:15+)

8630 שְׁאַלְתִּיאֵל (šeʾǎl·tî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7597;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shealtiel: father of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:17; Ezr 3:2, 8; Ne 12:1; Hag 1:1; 2:23+), see also 9003

שׁאן (šʾn): see 8631

8631 שָׁאַן (šā·ʾǎn): v.; ≡ Str 7599; TWOT 2304—LN 22.42–22.47 (palal) be at ease, be at rest, i.e., be in a secure and restful state, and so be in a relatively favorable circumstance (Job 3:18; Pr 1:33; Jer 30:10; 46:27; 48:11+), see also domain LN 21.9–21.13

8632 שְׁאָן (šeʾān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1052;—LN 93-place (loc.) part of a compound name, Beth Shan, see 1126

8633 שַׁאֲנָן (šǎ·ʾǎnān): adj.; ≡ Str 7600; TWOT 2304a—1. LN 22.42–22.47 at ease, secure, i.e., pertaining to a favorable state or condition or persons, free of trouble and so have feelings of security (Job 12:5; Isa 32:18; 33:20; Zec 1:15+), see also domain LN 25.80–25.84; 2. LN 25.80–25.84 complacent, careless, i.e., pertaining to being self-satisfied, with a focus on feelings of contentment which are not warranted (Isa 32:9, 11; Am 6:1+), see also 8916; 3. LN 88.206–88.222 insolent, proud, i.e., pertaining to a state or condition or persons who are arrogant and haughty (2Ki 19:28; Ps 123:4; Isa 37:29+)

שֹׁאֵס (šō·ʾēs): see 9116 (Jer 30:16 K+)

שׁאסיך (šʾsyk): see 9116 (Jer 30:16 K+)

שׁאף (šʾp): see 8634, 8635

8634 I. שָׁאַף (šā·ʾǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 7602; TWOT 2305, 2306—1. LN 15.158–15.159 (qal) pursue, chase after, hound, i.e., follow a person with intensity, focus, and haste, implying that to catch up with the object ahead will result in a confrontation or fight, as a figurative extension of an animal pursuing and snapping at the object it is chasing (Ps 56:2[EB 1],3[EB 2]; 57:4[EB 3]+), see also 8635; 2. LN 25.12–25.32 (qal) desire, long after, formally, pant, i.e., have a positive feeling or attitude toward an object to as to want to associate with or possess it, as a figurative extension of being so overheated, thirsty for water, or tired that one has quick shallow breaths and a dry mouth (Job 5:5; 7:2; 36:20+), note: this desire can be a positive or negative event from the point of the speaker; 3. LN 23.185–23.187 (qal) pant, i.e., breath in a pattern of quick, shallow breaths (Ps 119:131; Isa 42:14; Jer 14:6+), note: this action can refer to a great desire or longing, excitedness, or physical tiredness or agony; 4. LN 24.71 (qal) sniff, smell, formally, pant, i.e., use the nose to perceive an odor (Jer 2:24+); 5. LN 15.88–15.92 (qal) hurry back, i.e., return to a place, with a special focus that the returning occurs hurriedly and in haste, as a figurative extension of a dog running after and pursuing another (Ecc 1:5+)

8635 II. שָׁאַף (šā·ʾǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 7602; TWOT 2305—LN 22.21–22.28 (qal) oppress, trample, crush, hound, i.e., cause trouble and hardship for a people as a figurative extension of trampling on an object under the feet, so causing its destruction (Eze 36:3; Am 2:7; 8:4+), note: some translate “pursue,” see 8634

שׁאר (šʾr): see 8636

שׁאר (šʾr)[1] KB, Lisowsky: see 8636

8636 שָׁאַר (šā·ʾǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7604; TWOT 2307, 2308—1. LN 63.21–63.22 (qal) remain, be left, i.e., be in a state of being a left over part of a whole or group (1Sa 16:11+); (nif) be left, remain, survive (1Sa 5:4); (hif) have left, leave behind (2Ki 25:12); 2. LN 13.69–13.103 (nif) left, still, i.e., pertaining to something to continue to exist (Jos 13:1); (hif) leave, spare (Nu 21:35)

8637 שְׁאָר (šeʾār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7605; TWOT 2307a—LN 63.21–63.22 remainder, remnant, the rest, i.e., the part of a whole (mass, collection, or series) that remains or continues (1Ch 11:8; 16:41; 2Ch 9:29; 24:14; Ezr 3:8; 4:3, 7; Ne 10:29[EB 28]; 11:1, 20; Est 9:12, 16; Isa 10:19, 20, 21,22; 11:11, 16; 14:22; 16:14; 17:3; 21:17; 28:5; Zep 1:4; Mal 2:15+), note: for NIV text in Mal 2:15, see 8638; also, a part of a compound name, Shear-Jashub, see 8639

8638 שְׁאֵר (šeʾēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7607; TWOT 2308a—1. LN 8.1–8.8 body of flesh, i.e., the physical body as a whole (Ps 73:26; Pr 5:11; Jer 51:35+); 2. LN 23.88–23.128 self, soul, formally, flesh, i.e., the inner animate person which is physically alive and gives distinction (Pr 11:17+); 3. LN 5.1–5.22 meat, i.e., a corporeal mass of flesh used for consumption as food (Ex 21:10; Ps 78:20, 27; Mic 3:2, 3+); 4. LN 10.49–10.52 direct relative, close relative, blood relative, i.e., kin relation directly tied to mother or father (Lev 18:6, 12, 13; 20:19; 21:2; 25:49; Nu 27:11+), note: in context, a mother or father, a half-sibling, or an aunt on father’s or mother’sing. side, or a cousin; note: for MT text in Mal 2:15, see 8637; Lev 18:17, see 8640; note: Pr 3:8 see 9218, 9219

8639 שְׁאָר יָשׁוּב (šeʾār yā·šûḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7610;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shear-Jashub: son of Isaiah (Isa 7:3+)

8640 שַׁאֲרָה (šǎ·ʾǎrā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7608; TWOT 2308a—LN 10.14–10.48 blood relative, i.e., one who is close in family relation by blood line as contrasted with marriage relations or more general, remote clan relations (Lev 18:17+), note: an example is a child or grandchild; note: context is best served by repointing text to 8637 + 2023, as in the NIV text; see also BHS ftn

8641 שֶׁאֱרָה (šě·ʾěrā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7609;—LN 93-pers. (female) Sheerah: daughter of Ephraim (1Ch 7:24+); also part of a compound name, Uzzen Sheerah, see 267

8642 שְׁאֵרִית (šeʾē·rîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7611; TWOT 2307b—1. LN 63.21–63.22 remainder, remnant, the rest, i.e., the part of a whole (mass, collection, or series) that remains or continues (2Ki 19:4); 2. LN 10.14–10.48 descendant, formally, remnant, i.e., those of a successive generation as a figurative extension of a what is left over from a whole (Ge 45:7; 2Sa 14:7+)

8643 שֵׁאת (šē(ʾ)ṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7612; TWOT 2301d—LN 20.31–20.60 desolation, ruin, i.e., a state of destruction and devastation (La 3:47+), note: Nu 24:17, see 9270

8644 שְׁבָא (šeḇā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7614;—LN 93-pers. Sheba: 1. (male) of Cush, son of Raamah, brother of Dedan (Ge 10:7; 1Ch 1:9+) 2. (male) of Shem, son of Joktan (Ge 10:28; 1Ch 1:22+), note: possibly same as 1. 3. (male) of Abraham-Keturah (Ge 25:3; 1Ch 1:32+, note: possibly same as 1.) 4. (gent.) Semitic people resident in the SW part of the Arabian peninsula (Job 1:15+), see also 2., see also 8645, 6013, 6014

שְׁבָא (šeḇā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7614;—LN 93-place (loc.) territory which is the SW part of the Arabian peninsula (1Ki 10:1, 4, 10, 13; 1Ch 9:1, 3, 9, 12; Job 6:19; Ps 72:10, 15; Isa 60:6; Jer 6:20; Eze 27:22, 23; 38:13+), see 6014

שְׁבָאִי (šeḇā·ʾî) BDB: see 8645

8645 שְׁבָאִים (šeḇā·ʾîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7615;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shebean (Sabeans NIV): (Joel 4:8[EB 3:8]+), see also 8644, 6013, 6014

שְׁבֻאֵל (šeḇǔ·ʾēl) BDB: see 8649 (1Ch 26:24+)

8646 שְׁבָבִים (šeḇā·ḇîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 7616; TWOT 2309a—LN 63.13–63.20 pieces, bits, i.e., smaller parts of a whole of any material that can break apart, created by physical impact, in context, implying violent intent (Hos 8:6+), note: oth translate “splinters.”

שׁבה (šbh): see 8647

8647 שָׁבָה (šā·ḇā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7617; TWOT 2311—1. LN 55.23–55.25 (qal) take captive, take prisoners, i.e., take control of objects or persons and usually carry off as plunder or captives (Ge 34:29; Nu 21:1; 24:22; 31:9; Dt 21:10; Jdg 5:12; 1Sa 30:2; 1Ki 8:46a, 48; 2Ki 5:2; 6:22; 1Ch 5:21; 2Ch 6:36a, 38; 14:14[EB 15]; 21:17; 25:12; 28:5, 8, 11, 17; Ps 68:19[EB 18]; Isa 14:2a; Jer 41:10,14; 43:12; Ob 11+), note: for qal act. ptcp. masc.sing. as n.masc., see 8647.5; note: for taking of plunder as theft, see also domain LN 57.232–57.248; (qal pass.) be a captive (Ge 31:26; Isa 61:1+); (nif) taken captive, captured (Ge 14:14; 1Sa 30:3, 5; 1Ki 8:47a; 2Ch 6:37; Jer 13:17; Eze 6:9+); 2. LN 57.232–57.248 (nif) be stolen, lifted, nabbed, i.e., pertaining to the theft of an object without using force (Ex 22:9[EB 10]+)

שֹׁבֶה (šō·ḇě(h)): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 8647; ≡ Str 7617; TWOT 2311—LN 55.23–55.25 captor, i.e., one who takes plunder or persons in war (1Ki 8:46b, 47, 50; 2Ch 6:36b; 30:9; Ps 106:46; 137:3; Isa 14:2b; Jer 50:33+)

8648 שְׁבוֹ (šeḇô): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7618; TWOT 2311e—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: (most versions) agate; (NJB) ruby (Ex 28:19; 39:12+), note: exact identification not certain (Ex 28:19; 39:12+)

8649 שְׁבוּאֵל (šeḇû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7619;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shebuel (Shubael NIV): 1. chief in David’s administration (1Ch 23:16; 26:24+), see also 8742(1.) 2. Levite musician (1Ch 25:4+), possibly see also 8742(2.), note: other versions (NIV, NEB, REB, NAB) read or conflate as 8742

8650 שְׁבוּל (šeḇûl): n.[masc.]—see 8666 (Jer 18:15 v.r.+)

8651 שָׁבוּעַ (šā·ḇûaʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7620; TWOT 2318d—1. LN 67.177 week, i.e., a time period of seven days (Ge 29:27, 28; Lev 12:5; Dt 16:9; Jer 5:24; Da 10:2, 3+); 2. LN 51 unit: [XAG]שָׁבוּעַ (šā·ḇûaʿ) Feast of Weeks, i.e., a festival celebrating firstfruits of the harvest as a holy convocation (Ex 34:22; Nu 28:26; Dt 16:10, 16; 2Ch 8:13+); 3. LN 60.75–60.78 heptad, i.e., a period of seven units of time (Da 9:24, 25,26, 27+), note: Eze 45:21, read as 8679

8652 שְׁבוּעָה (šeḇû·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7621; TWOT 2319a—1. LN 33.286–33.290 sworn oath, vow, i.e., a contractual promise to fulfill an agreement between two parties, with sanctions for unfulfillment, the agreement is of course assumed to be in conformity to truth, yet the oath itself has no particular focus on the truth or falsity of a statement (Ge 24:8; 26:3; Lev 5:4; Dt 30:3[EB 2],11[EB 10],14[EB 13]; Dt 7:8; Jos 2:17, 20; 9:20; Jdg 21:5; 1Sa 14:26; 2Sa 21:7; 1Ki 2:43; 1Ch 16:16; 2Ch 15:15; Ne 6:18; 10:30[EB 29]; Ps 105:9; Ecc 8:2; 9:2; Jer 11:5; Eze 21:28[EB 23]b; Da 9:11+), note: for qal pass. in Eze 21:28[EB 23]a, see 8678; 2. LN 33.463–33.469 swearing truth, i.e., the act. of affirming the truth of a statement, with sanctions for perjury, and a definite focus on the truth or falsity of a statement (Ex 22:10[EB 11]; Zec 8:17+); 3. LN 33.470–33.475 curse, denunciation, i.e., the content of the binding and invoking of divine harm (Nu 5:21; Isa 65:15+), note: for NIV text at Hab 3:9, see 8679

8653 שָׁבוּר (šā·ḇûr): adj. [oth qal ptcp. of 8689]; ≡ Str 7665; TWOT 2321—LN 20.12–20.30 injured, i.e., pertaining to having a part of the body broken or fractured, usually as a hard-tissue fracture such as a broken bone or cartilage (Lev 22:22+), note: some parse as noun, see 8653.5; some parse as qal ptcp. pass. of 8689

שָׁבוּר (šā·ḇûr): n.masc.—see 8689 fracture (Lev 22:22+)

8654 שְׁבוּת (šeḇûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7622; TWOT 2311d—1. LN 55.23–55.25 captivity, i.e., the state of being captured, implying control and oppression, and often reside in another place such as a prison or another country (Jer 29:14 Q; 30:3; 31:23; 33:7; La 2:14 Q; Eze 29:14; 39:25 Q; Am 9:14+), see also domain LN 85.67–85.85, LN 39.52–39.61; 2. LN 57.1–57.21 fortunes, assets, i.e., primarily possessions, materials, and property (though not exclusively so) which will make life easier and more secure (Dt 30:3; Job 42:10 Q; Ps 14:7; 53:7[EB 6]; 85:2[EB 1] K; 126:4 K; Jer 30:18; 32:44; 33:11, 26; 48:47; 49:6, 39 Q; Eze 16:53bcd Q; Hos 6:11; Joel 4:1[EB 3:1]; Zep 2:7 K; 3:20+), note: usually in the context of a restoration of goods or favorable circumstance

שׁבח (šbḥ) KB: see 8655, 8656

שׁבח (šbḥ)[1] Holladay, Lisowsky: see 8655

שׁבח (šbḥ)[2] Holladay, Lisowsky: see 8656

8655 I. שָׁבַח (šā·ḇǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7623; TWOT 2312, 2313—1. LN 33.354–33.364 (piel) glorify, extol, laud, i.e., make exuberant statements as to the excellence of someone (Ps 63:4[EB 3]; 117:1; 145:4; 147:12+); (hitp) glory (1Ch 16:35; Ps 106:47; Ecc 8:10 NIV+), note: in hitp there may be some focus on personal, intrinsic elements of worship, note: for MT text in Ecc 8:10, see 8894; 2. LN 33.218–33.223 declare, commend, i.e., make a statement as an assertion of fact or opinion as true, yet without laudation (Ecc 4:2; 8:15+)

8656 II. שָׁבַח (šā·ḇǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7623; TWOT 2312—1. LN 14.17–14.35 (piel) keep still, calm, i.e., cause the motion of liquid mass to stop moving (Ps 89:10[EB 9]+); (hif) cause stillness, i.e., cause a mass to stop moving (Ps 65:8[EB 7]+); 2. LN 88.83–88.92 (piel) unit: שָׁבַח ־נָה בְּ־ אָחוֹר (šā·ḇǎḥ nā(h) b- ʾā·ḥôr) be reticent, be reserved, formally, still himself in the back, i.e., to have the moral quality of restraint and self-control (Pr 29:11+)

8657 שֵׁבֶט (šē·ḇěṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7626; TWOT 2314a—1. LN 10.1–10.13 tribe, i.e., a major subdivision of a nation, more closely related in family groups than the larger nation (1Sa 2:28), note: usually refers to the tribes organized from the 12 sons or grandsons of Jacob/Israel; 2. LN 10.1–10.13 clan, i.e., a family subjnct.-division of the tribe (Nu 4:18); 3. LN 10.1–10.13 people, i.e., a group of persons of the same culture and race associated with an area (Isa 19:13); 4. LN 6.4–6.9 rod, staff, stick, i.e., a wooden stick of various lengths and thicknesses, used as a versatile tool for controlling individuals in the herd or flock, and other uses (Ps 23:4; Mic 7:14), note: used also for striking in punishment, or a weapon; see also domain LN 19.1–19.13, LN 6.26–6.28, LN 6.29–6.40; 5. LN 6.188–6.196 scepter, formally, staff, i.e., an ornamental staff used as a symbol of rulership (Ps 45:7[EB 6]), see also 9222; 6. LN 37.48–37.95 ruler, formally, scepter or staff, i.e., a person who rules, as a figurative extension of an ornamental staff as a symbol of rulership (2Sa 7:7); 7. LN 6.29–6.40 javelin, light-spear, i.e., a long pointed stick thrown, likely with no heavy metal-head, as a weapon to kill and pierce the victim or opponent (2Sa 18:14); 8. LN 6.29–6.40 club, formally, rod, i.e., a heavy blunt wooden stick as a weapon to kill by striking the victim or opponent (2Sa 23:21; 1Ch 11:23)

8658 שְׁבָט (šeḇāṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7627; TWOT 2315—LN 67.163–67.200 (month of calendar) Shebat: 11th month of the Babylonian calendar, now known as January-February (Zec 1:7+)

8659 שָׁבִי (šā·ḇî): n.masc. [BDB: or adj.]—LN 55.23–55.25 captive, i.e., one who is a prisoner (Isa 52:2a+), see also 8665; note: others read שְּׁבִי (šeḇî) as qal imv. fs of 3782; see also domain LN 39.52–39.61

8660 שְׁבִי (šeḇî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7628; TWOT 2311a—1. LN 55.23–55.25 captivity, i.e., the state of being captured, implying control and oppression, and often reside in another place such as a prison or another country (Dt 28:41), see also domain LN 85.67–85.85, LN 39.52–39.61; 2. LN 85.67–85.85 the exile, i.e., the state of deporting and keeping a population in another country and culture as captives (Ne 1:2, 3; 8:17; Jer 20:6; 22:22; 30:10, 16; 46:27; 48:46; La 1:5, 18; Am 9:4; Na 3:10); 3. LN 39.52–39.61 capture, i.e., the act. of taking an object captive (Nu 31:26; Am 4:10); 4. LN 55.23–55.25 captive, prisoner, i.e., one who is captured (Ex 12:29), see also domain LN 39.52–39.61

8661 שֹׁבִי (šō·ḇî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7629;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shobi: son of Nahash (2Sa 17:27+)

8662 שֹׁבַי (šō·ḇǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7630;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shobai: ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:42; Ne 7:45+)

שֹׁבָי (šō·ḇāy) BDB: see 8662

8663 שָׁבִיב (šā·ḇîḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7632; TWOT 2310a—LN 2.3–2.6 flame, i.e., the burning vapor surrounding an object on fire (Job 18:5+), note: some sources translate “spark,” as a very small burning particle; note: “flame” is contextually a better choice

8664 שִׁבְיָה (šiḇ·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7633; TWOT 2311c—1. LN 55.23–55.25 captivity, i.e., the state of being captured, implying control and oppression, and often reside in another place such as a prison or another country (Ne 3:36[EB 4:4]; Jer 48:46+), note: see also 8659; see also domain LN 85.67–85.85, LN 39.52–39.61; 2. LN 39.52–39.61 captive, prisoner, i.e., one who is captured and under the control of another (Dt 21:11; 32:42; 2Ch 28:5, 11, 13, 14, 15+), see also domain LN 55.23–55.25

8665 שְׁבִיָּה (šeḇiy·yā(h)): n.fem. [BDB: or adj.]; ≡ Str 7628; TWOT 2311a—LN 55.23–55.25 captive, i.e., one who is a prisoner (Isa 52:2+), note: for another parsing, see also 8659; note: see also domain LN 39.52–39.61

8666 שְׁבִיל (šeḇîl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7635; TWOT 2316d—LN 1.99–1.105 way, path, i.e., a thoroughfare which is traveled (Ps 77:20[EB 19]; Jer 18:15+), note: in context, either one time, or many times

8667 שָׁבִיס (šā·ḇîs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7636; TWOT 2317a—LN 6.188–6.196 sun medallion, i.e., small, ornamental replicas of the sun, as a decoration either in a headband or necklace; (NAB) sunbursts; (NEB, REB) disks; (NJB?) medallions (Isa 3:18+), note: (most versions) headband, browband, fillets, i.e., an ornamental decoration which circles the head, of bright materials; (NKJV) scarves; (KJV, ASV) cauls; note: context may favor a sun-shaped, disk ornament as paired with a crescent-shaped ornament

8668 שְׁבִיעִי (šeḇî·ʿî): number [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 7637; TWOT 2318b—LN 60.54 seventh, i.e., the seventh in a series involving time, space, or set (2Sa 12:18), note: for NIV text in Jdg 14:15, see 8055

שְׁבִיעִית (šeḇî·ʿîṯ): number [BDB: n.fem.]—see 8668

8669 שְׁבִית (šeḇîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7622; TWOT 2311d—1. LN 55.23–55.25 captivity, i.e., the state of being captured, often with a focus on the persons in this state, implying control and oppression, and often reside in another place such as a prison or another country (Nu 21:29; Ps 126:1 v.r.; Jer 29:14 K; La 2:14 K; Eze 39:25 K+), see also domain LN 85.67–85.85, LN 39.52–39.61; 2. LN 57.1–57.21 fortune, asset, i.e., primarily possessions, materials, and property (though not exclusively so) which will make life easier and more secure (Job 42:10 K; Ps 85:2[EB 1] Q; Ps 126:4 Q; Jer 49:39 K; Eze 16:53ae; Eze 16:53bcd K; Zep 2:7 Q+), note: usually in the context of a restoration of goods or favorable circumstance

8670 שֹׁבֶל (šō·ḇěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7640; TWOT 2316a—LN 6.152–6.187 hem of skirt, the very bottom of a free-hanging article of clothing, usually designated from the waist to the ankles (Isa 47:2+), note: some sources translate more generally as “skirts.”

שַׁבְלוּל (šǎḇ·lûl) Lisowsky: see 8671

8671 שַׁבְּלוּל (šǎb·belûl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7642; TWOT 248c—1. LN 4.51–4.57 (most versions) slug, snail, i.e., a creature that leaves a slime trail as it moves (Ps 58:9[EB 8]+), note: a snail has an external shell and a slug has little or no shell, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 23.46–23.60 (NEB, REB) abortive birth, i.e., miscarriage (Ps 58:9[EB 8]+), note: if the parallelism is synonymous, then “miscarriage” is the meaning; if synthetic, then “snail” is acceptable. This editor thinks “slug” is likely the contextual meaning

שִׁבֹּלֶת (šib·bō·lěṯ) Lisowsky: see 8672, 8673

8672 I. שִׁבֹּלֶת (šib·bō·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7641; TWOT 2316b, 2316c—1. LN 3.33–3.46 grain, i.e., the fruit-part of a cereal grain plant, including the husk that surrounds the grain itself (Ge 41:5, 6, 7,22, 23, 24,26, 27; Ru 2:2; Job 24:24; Isa 17:5+); 2. LN 3.47–3.59 twig, spike, sprig, i.e., the end part of a branch of wood (Zec 4:12+), note: NIV translates “branch,” as a more general term for the extension from the trunk of a tree; 3. LN 33.1–33.8 Shibboleth, formally, ear of grain, but in context a test-word with no focus on content, only the sounds itself (Jdg 12:6+)

8673 II. שִׁבֹּלֶת (šib·bō·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7641; TWOT 2316b—1. LN 14.17–14.35 floodwaters, torrent, i.e., an overflowing mass of fast-moving water, destructive and deadly (Ps 69:3[EB 2],16[EB 15]+); 2. LN 14.17–14.35 flowing, i.e., the act. of a relatively large body of water moving from one place to another in linear movement (Isa 27:12+), see also LN 15; note: for another interp in Jdg 12:6, see 8672

8674 שֶׁבְנָא (šěḇ·nā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7644;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shebna: secretary of King Hezekiah (2Ki 18:37; 19:2; Isa 22:15; 36:3, 11, 22; 37:2+), see also 8675

8675 שֶׁבְנָה (šěḇ·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7644;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shebnah (Shebna NIV): secretary of King Hezekiah (2Ki 18:18, 26+), see also 8674

8676 שְׁבַנְיָה (šeḇǎn·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7645;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shebaniah: 1. see 8677 2. Levite at the reading of the law (Ne 9:4, 5+) 3. signer of covenant (Ne 10:5[EB 4]+) 4. another signer of covenant (Ne 10:11[EB 10]+) 5. yet another signer of covenant (Ne 10:13[EB 12]+) 6. returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:4+), note: for NIV text, see 8908(7.)

8677 שְׁבַנְיָהוּ (šeḇǎn·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7645;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shebaniahu (Shebaniah NIV): priest in the days of David (1Ch 15:24+), see also 8676

שָׁבַס (šā·ḇǎs): v.; ≡ Str 7645;—LN 57.178–57.185 (qal) שָׁבְסְכֶם (šāḇ·seḵěm) you exact a grain tax (Am 5:11 cj+), note: for MT text, see 1424

שׁבע (šbʿ): see 8678

8678 שָׁבַע (šā·ḇǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7650; TWOT 2318—LN 33.463–33.469 (qal pass.) swear on oath, promise, take an oath, adjure, i.e., make a promise to do something, or affirm the truth of a statement, with sanctions to follow if the conditions are not met (Eze 21:28[EB 23]a+), see also 8652; (nif) swear an oath, make a sworn promise (Ge 24:7); (hif) make one swear an oath, give a charge (1Sa 14:27)

8679 I. שֶׁבַע (šě·ḇǎʿ): number; ≡ Str 7651; TWOT 2318—1. LN 60.16 seven, i.e., a cardinal number (Ge 7:2), note: in some contexts “seven” is a large indefinite number; 2. LN 60.54 seventh, i.e., the seventh in a series involving, time, space, or set (Dt 15:9); 3. LN 60.73 seven times, i.e., seven occurrences of something (2Ki 4:35), note: in some contexts “seven” is a large indefinite number; 4. LN 60.1–60.9 many, formally, seven, i.e., a large quantity of an object as a figurative extension of the cardinal number seven (Hab 3:9 NIV), note: for MT text at Eze 45:21; Hab 3:9, see 8652; note: for NIV text in 2Sa 24:13, see 8993; see also domain LN 59.1–59.10; see also 8651, 8684, 8685, 8686

8680 II. שֶׁבַע (šě·ḇǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7652;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sheba: 1. One who rebelled against David and was later beheaded for it (2Sa 20:1–22 passim+) 2. of Gad (1Ch 5:13+)

8681 III. שֶׁבַע (šě·ḇǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7652;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sheba: town eventually assigned to Simeon, in the Negev, (Jos 19:2+), see 937; note: some identify as 9054

8682 IV. שֶׁבַע (šě·ḇǎʿ): n.masc.—see 8426 abundance, plenty (Pr 3:10 cj+), note: MT text apparently has same domain of meaning

שְׁבֻעָה (šeḇǔ·ʿā(h)) BDB: see 8652

שִׁבְעָה (šiḇ·ʿā(h)): number [BDB: n.fem.]—see 8679

8683 שִׁבְעָה (šiḇ·ʿā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7656;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shibah: name of a water well in the Beersheba area (Ge 26:33+)

8684 שִׁבְעִים (šiḇ·ʿîm): number pl.; ≡ Str 7657; TWOT 2318b—LN 60.30 seventy, i.e., a cardinal number (2Ch 29:32), see also 8679; note: in some contexts, this may be an indefinite number, usually larger than “70” as a mathematical number

8685 שִׁבְעָנָה (šiḇ·ʿā·nā(h)): number; ≡ Str 7658; TWOT 2318—LN 60.16 seven, i.e., a cardinal number (Job 42:13+)

8686 שִׁבְעָתַיִם (šiḇ·ʿā·ṯǎ·yim): n.fem. dual; ≡ Str 7659; TWOT 2318c—1. LN 60.75–60.78 sevenfold, i.e., a multiple of seven (Ge 4:15, 24; 2Sa 21:9 K; Ps 79:12; Pr 6:31; Isa 30:26+), note: in some contexts “sevenfold” is a large indefinite number; 2. LN 60.73 seven times, i.e., seven occurrences of something (Ps 12:7+), note: in some contexts “seven” is a large indefinite number

שׁבץ (šbṣ): see 8687

8687 שָׁבַץ (šā·ḇǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 7660; TWOT 2320—LN 48 (piel pf. 2ms.) weave, i.e., the act. of interlocking threads (of hair, metal, or plant fiber) at right angles to make a fabric (Ex 28:39+); (pual) be woven (Ex 28:20+), note: for a parsing as a noun, see 5401.5

8688 שָׁבָץ (šā·ḇāṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7661; TWOT 2320a—1. LN 23.142–23.184 physical deterioration, i.e., a physically weakened state of some kind; some translate as seizures, cramps, or weakness, as a very seriously weakened state (2Sa 1:9+); 2. LN 23.88–23.128 unit: אָחַז (ʾā·ḥǎz) … שָׁבָץ (šā·ḇāṣ) in the throes of death, i.e., be in a state very close to death, with all the physical symptoms (such as seizures and cramps) that accompany that a time just prior to death (2Sa 1:9+)

I. שׁבר (šbr): see 8689

II. שׁבר (šbr): see 8690

8689 I. שָׁבַר (šā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7665; TWOT 2321—1. LN 19.34–19.42 (qal) break, destroy, crush, maul, i.e., make physical contact, and so break or shatter an object, implying destruction of the object (Ex 12:46), note: the kind of breaking action that occurs can vary greatly according to the nature and kind of the object which breaks; (nif) be broken, destroyed, be smashed, (Lev 6:21[EB 28]); (piel) break, smash, shatter, strip (Ex 23:24); 2. LN 25.223–25.250 (nif) suffer, be grieved, formally, broken, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of anxiety or distress, as a figurative extension of smashing or breaking an object (Jer 14:17; Eze 6:9); (hof) be crushed (Jer 8:21+); 3. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) destroy, break, i.e., ruin or demolish an object, as an extension of smashing an object with physical impact (Ps 105:16; Jer 48:38); (nif) destroyed, crushed (2Ch 14:12[EB 13]); 4. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) cause to cease, formally, break down, i.e., cause a state or condition to no longer exist, as a figurative extension of breaking or destroying an object (Lev 26:19); 5. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) cease, end, cut off, i.e., cause an activity to cease or stop (Lev 26:26); 6. LN 62.1–62.2 (qal) fix, set out, i.e., determine and mark out limits of an object (Job 38:10); 7. LN 20.12–20.30 (nif) injured, wounded, i.e., pertaining to having physical harm come to a creature (Ex 22:9[EB 10]); 8. LN 25.270–25.287 (nif) contrite, penitent, formally, broken, i.e., have a feeling of sorrow or regret, with a special focus of being devoid of arrogance or improper pride, as a figurative extension of breaking or shattering an object (Ps 51:19[EB 17]), note: this sorrow is in the context of acceptable worship and sacrifice; 9. LN 23.46–23.60 (hif) cause water to break, i.e., rupture the membrane surrounding a baby in the womb, implying passage through the birth canal will follow, as the actions of a midwife (Isa 66:9+); 10. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: (qal) שָׁבַר לֵב (šā·ḇǎr lēḇ) break the heart, i.e., cause another to have a feeling of discouragement (Ps 69:21[EB 20]); 11. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: (qal pass.) שָׁבַר לֵב (šā·ḇǎr lēḇ) brokenhearted, i.e., pertaining to having a feeling of discouragement (Ps 147:3+), note: for qal pass. as an a, see 8653 or as n.masc. see 8653.5; 12. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: (nif) שָׁבַר לֵב (šā·ḇǎr lēḇ) brokenhearted, i.e., pertaining to having a feeling of discouragement (Ps 34:19), note: for MT text in Eze 27:26, see 8691

8690 II. שָׁבַר (šā·ḇǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7666; TWOT 2322—1. LN 57.186–57.188 (qal) buy food, i.e., acquire or purchase consumables (Ge 41:57; 42:2, 3, 5, 7, 10; 43:2, 4, 20, 22; 44:25; 47:14; Dt 2:6; Isa 55:1+); 2. LN 57.186–57.188 (qal) sell food, i.e., dispose of food stuffs in exchange for money, services, or barter (Ge 41:56 MT+); (hif) sell food, i.e., cause one to buy grain (Ge 41:56 BHS ftn; 42:6; Dt 2:28; Pr 11:26; Am 8:5, 6+)

8691 I. שֶׁבֶר (šě·ḇěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7667; TWOT 2321a—1. LN 23.142–23.184 crippling, i.e., a state of a fracturing injury which has on-going effects, as a disfiguration (Lev 21:19+); 2. LN 19.34–19.42 wound, fracture, bruise, the injury of soft-tissue on an object, either breaking the skin, or bruising the muscle and tissue, or fracturing the bone (Lev 24:20; Isa 30:26; Jer 6:14; 8:11; 10:19; 14:17; 30:12, 15; La 2:13; Na 3:19+); 3. LN 19.34–19.42 breaking, i.e., the breaking of a solid object into pieces (Isa 30:14; Eze 27:26+), note: for NIV text in Eze 27:26, see 8689; 4. LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, i.e., the state or condition of ruining an object, with a special focus on breaking up something completely (Job 41:17[EB 25]; Pr 16:18; 17:19; Isa 1:28; 15:5; 51:19; 59:7; 60:18; Jer 4:6, 20; 6:1; 8:21; Jer 48:3, 5; 50:22; 51:54; La 2:11; La 3:47, 48; 4:10; Eze 32:9; Am 6:6+); 5. LN 1.51–1.59 fissure, fracture, i.e., an area of the earth which is below the ground, often caused by earthquake (Ps 60:4[EB 2]+); 6. LN 87.58–87.75 downfall, formally, crushing, i.e., a state or condition of moving from a high status to a low status (Pr 18:12+); 7. LN 14.74–14.86 crashing, i.e., the sound of objects impacting one another in terse, sharp, staccato sounds, but not in a particular pattern (Zep 1:10+), note: in context this is the sounds of invading armies from the environs around a city; 8. LN 20.31–20.60 unit: בּוֹא שֶׁבֶר (bô(ʾ) šě·ḇěr)1 collapse, formally, go into destruction or crushing, i.e., have a high solid object fall into a heap of rubble (Isa 30:13+), see also domain LN 15.118–15.122; 9. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: שֶׁבֶר (šě·ḇěr) … רוּחַ (rûaḥ) discouragement, formally, crushing of spirit, i.e., a state or condition of lacking motivation, and so be faint-hearted about the future (Pr 15:4; Isa 65:14+); note: see also 8696; note: Jdg 7:15, see 8694

8692 II. שֶׁבֶר (šě·ḇěr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7668; TWOT 2322a—LN 5.1–5.22 grain, i.e., the fruit part of the cereal plants, processed (with chaffed removed, but not likely yet crushed as flour) for food (Ge 42:1, 2, 19, 26; 43:2; 44:2; 47:14; Ne 10:32[EB 31]; Am 8:5+), note: for grain as a fruit part of plant, see also domain LN 3.33–3.46

8693 III. שֶׁבֶר (šě·ḇěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7669;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sheber: of Caleb (1Ch 2:48+)

שֵׁבֶר (šē·ḇěr) BDB: see 8691

8694 שֵׁבֶר (šē·ḇěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7667; TWOT 2321a—LN 33.134–33.155 interpretation, explanation, i.e., the interpreted meaning or significance of a communication, whether verbal or visual (Jdg 7:15+)

8695 שִׁבָּרוֹן (šib·bā·rôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7670; TWOT 2321b—1. LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, i.e., an action which causes ruin and disaster (Jer 17:18+); 2. LN 20.31–20.60 unit: מִשְׁנֶה שִׁבָּרוֹן (miš·ně(h) šib·bā·rôn) utter destruction, formally, second of destruction, i.e., a state of very complete and utter ruin (Jer 17:18+); 3. LN 25.288–25.296 unit: שִׁבָּרוֹן מָתְנַיִם (šib·bā·rôn māṯ·nǎ·yim) emotional brokenness, formally, breaking of legs, i.e., be in a state of shocking grief and discouragement in the heart as a figurative extension of the legs giving way and falling over (Eze 21:11[EB 6]+)

8696 שְׁבָרִים (šeḇā·rîm): n.pr. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 7671;—LN 93-place (loc.) (most versions) Shebarim: place between Ai and Jericho (Jos 7:5+), note: the name suggests a rock quarry was there, hence, stone quarry(NIV); the Quarries (NEB, REB), see also 8691; note: NAB apparently parses as qal ptcp. masc.pl. of 8689

שׁבת (šbt): see 8697, 8698

8697 I. שָׁבַת (šā·ḇǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 7673; TWOT 2323—1. LN 53.1–53.15 (qal) observe the sabbath, formally, rest, i.e., do the religious practice of ceasing from all activity or work on the seventh day of the week, as prescribed by God, as an extension of ceasing from an activity or state (Ex 23:12); 2. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) stop, cease, be still, be quiet, i.e., have an activity no longer continue (Ne 6:3); (hif) put to an end, stop (Ex 5:5); 3. LN 13.69–13.103 (qal) stop, cease, i.e., have a state or condition come to an end (Jos 5:12); (nif) come to an end, disappear (Isa 17:3; Eze 6:6; 30:18; 33:28+); (hif) put a stop, cause to cease, leave (Lev 2:13)

8698 II. שָׁבַת (šā·ḇǎṯ): v. [BDB]—see 8697 (qal) (Lev 23:32; 25:2; 2Ch 36:21+)

8699 I. שֶׁבֶת (šě·ḇěṯ): n.fem. [oth qal ptcp.fem. of 3782]; ≡ Str 7675; TWOT 922a—1. LN 80.1–80.4 site, place, i.e., a location (Nu 21:15; 2Sa 23:7+); 2. LN 85.67–85.85 residence, i.e., a place where one lives (Ob 3+); 3. LN 67.142–67.162 reign, formally, throne, i.e., an indefinite period of time as a figurative extension of a throne seat (Am 6:3+); 4. LN 6.106–6.117 unit: מָקוֹם הַ־ שֶׁבֶת (mā·qôm hǎ- šě·ḇěṯ)1 seat, throne, formally, place of sitting (1Ki 10:19; 2Ch 9:18+), see also 8700; 5. LN 17.12–17.18 sitting, i.e., the act. of sitting quietly (Jer 9:5; Pr 20:3; Ru 2:7), note: oth parse as 3782 or 8700

8700 II. שֶׁבֶת (šě·ḇěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7674; TWOT 2323a—1. LN 42.41–42.50 inactivity, i.e., a state in which one is not able to do work, but not due to laziness or indolence (Ex 21:19+), note: NIV translates the effect of being in an inactive state, “loss of time;” note: Pr 20:3, see 8699; 2. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: רַהַב הֵם שֶׁבֶת (rǎ·hǎḇ hēm šě·ḇěṯ)2 Rahab the Do-Nothing, i.e., an oxymoronic title of a sea-monster that is unable to act. (Isa 30:7+), note: this is a reference to Egypt as an impotent power, see also 8105, 8105.5

8701 שַׁבָּת (šǎb·bāṯ): n.fem. and masc.; ≡ Str 7676; TWOT 2323b—1. LN 67.184 Sabbath, i.e., the seventh day of the week, known in many cultures as “Saturday,” an important day dedicated to rest and worship (Ex 16:23); 2. LN 67.177 week, i.e., unit of seven days (Lev 23:15+); 3. LN 23.78–23.87 sabbath, rest period, i.e., a period of time for resting, which may or not be the seventh day of the week, with a focus on this as a period for rest (Lev 16:31; 23:32; 25:2, 4,6, 8; 26:34,35, 43; 2Ch 36:21+), see also domain LN 67.142–67.162; 4. LN 43 unit: שַׁבָּת הַ־ אֶרֶץ (šǎb·bāṯ hǎ- ʾě·rěṣ) volunteer produce, i.e., harvestable crops of all kinds that are grown as a result of natural processes and not intentional agricultural practices (Lev 25:6+)

8702 שַׁבָּתוֹן (šǎb·bā·ṯôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7677; TWOT 2323d—LN 23.78–23.87 rest period, sabbath observance, i.e., a period of time for resting, as a consecrated observing of rest (Ex 16:23; 31:15; 35:2; Lev 16:31; 23:3, 24, 32, 39; 25:4, 5+), see also domain LN 67.142–67.162

8703 שַׁבְּתַי (šǎb·beṯǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7678;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shabbethai: 1. Levite (Ezr 10:15; Ne 8:7+) 2. another Levite (Ne 11:16+), note: possibly same as 1.

שָׁגֵא (šā·ḡē(ʾ)) BDB: see 8707 (1Ch 11:34+)

שׁגג (šgg): see 8704

8704 שָׁגַג (šā·ḡǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 7683; TWOT 2324—1. LN 88.289–88.318 (qal) err unintentionally, sin without intention, go astray, i.e., commit a sin or crime against God, so incurring guilt needing atonement, with a focus that the sin is a violation which does not have contemplated, thoughtful malice involved (Ge 6:3; Lev 5:18; Nu 15:28; Ps 119:67+), note: Ge 6:3 some translate “when they make a mistake;” note: in editor’s opinion, Ge 6:3 context is best served as conjunction “because, for” as in NIV text, see 1417 or 8611 + 1685; 2. LN 31.8–31.13 (qal) be deceived, i.e., have wrong or mistaken views about a truth, as a figurative extension of committing a sin na‹vely (Job 12:16+)

8705 שְׁגָגָה (šeḡā·ḡā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7684; TWOT 2324a—1. LN 88.289–88.318 unintentional wrong, accidental error, i.e., a mistake which has culpability, yet the wrongdoing has not been made by intention or commission (Lev 4:2, 22, 27; 5:15, 18; 22:14; Nu 15:24, 25,26, 27, 28, 29; Ecc 5:5[EB 6]; 10:5+); 2. LN 13.104–13.163 accident, i.e., that which happens without intent, usually implying a bad thing that has happened (Nu 35:11, 15; Jos 20:3, 9+)

שׁגה (šgh): see 8706

8706 שָׁגָה (šā·ḡā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7686; TWOT 2325—1. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) go astray, wander, stray, i.e., make linear movement in no particular goal or direction, implied to not be in a proper place (Eze 34:6+); 2. LN 15.165–15.186 (hif) mislead, lead astray, let stray, i.e., guide someone in linear movement, with a focus that the leading is in a intentionally wrong direction (Dt 27:18; Pr 28:10+), note: this can refer to misleading or deceiving another in an improper belief or thought; 3. LN 88.289–88.318 (qal) sin, err, formally, wander, stray, i.e., do sin or wrong against a standard and so incur just guilt, with a special focus (in some contexts) that the wrong had no conscious malice prior to the event, as a figurative extension of a sheep who happens to wander off from the flock as it grazes (Lev 4:13; Nu 15:22; 1Sa 26:21; Job 6:24; 19:4; Ps 119:21,118; Eze 45:20+); 4. LN 31.8–31.13 (qal) be led astray, be deceived, i.e., hold a mistaken belief (Pr 5:23; 20:1+); (hif) deceive, mislead, formally, lead astray (Job 12:16+); 5. LN 36.12–36.30 (qal) disobey, stray, i.e., not keep in spirit or detail a command from an authority, as a figurative extension of being or causing another to go off a proper path (Pr 19:27+); (hif) disobey, formally, stray (Ps 119:10+); 6. LN 16 (qal) stagger, totter, stumble, reel, i.e., make the non-linear motion random wandering motion of a drunk trying to walk (Isa 28:7+); 7. LN 25.102–25.115 (qal) be in rapture, i.e., be in an attitude or emotion of very great pleasure and fondness for an object, possibly as a figurative extension of staggering around in stunned or inebriated (Pr 5:19, 20+), note: NIV translates “be captivated”

8707 שָׁגֵה (šā·ḡē(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7681;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shagee: father of a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:34+)

שׁגח (šgḥ): see 8708

8708 שָׁגַח (šā·ḡǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7688; TWOT 2326—1. LN 24.1–24.51 (hif) gaze, stare, i.e., to look long or intently at an object (SS 2:9; Isa 14:16+); 2. LN 27.1–27.26 (hif pf.) learn, formally, watch, i.e., to gain information sufficient for one’s purposes as a figurative extension of gazing and staring at an object to intently observe (Ps 33:14+)

8709 שְׁגִיאָה (šeḡî·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7691; TWOT 2325a—LN 88.289–88.318 error, lapse, mistake, i.e., that wrong which is not willful or intentional, but caused by ignorance or possibly inattention (Ps 19:13[EB 12]+)

8710 שִׁגָּיוֹן (šig·gāy·wōn): n.[masc.] [BDB, Holladay: unknown]; ≡ Str 7692;—LN 14.74–14.86 shiggaion or pl. shigionoth: a type of psalm, otherwise unknown (Ps 7:1[EB title]; Hab 3:1+), note: Hebrew ety. would suggest “dithyramb,” with a wild, irregular beat, or comparative analysis suggests a type of lament or dirge, note: sources are scattered and divided as to the precise meaning

שׁגל (šgl): see 8711

8711 שָׁגַל (šā·ḡǎl): v.; ≡ Str 7693; TWOT 2327—1. LN 88.271–88.282 (qal) ravish another, i.e., aggressively have illicit sexual intercourse with a woman pledged to another, but not necessarily rape her (Dt 28:30 K+); (pual) be ravished, i.e., have illicit sex by an aggressor, but not necessarily raped (Jer 3:2 K+), note: rape is also possible in these contexts; 2. LN 88.271–88.282 (nif) raped, i.e., have sexually violent intercourse forced upon a married female (Isa 13:16 K; Zec 14:2 K+), note: for the Q in all these verses, see 8886; note: in context, there is virtually no chance of consent by the female

שָׁגֵל (šā·ḡēl) BDB: see 8711

8712 שֵׁגַל (šē·ḡǎl): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7694; TWOT 2327a—LN 10.53–10.61 queen, royal bride, i.e., a female wife of the king with high status, but not likely equal status to the king (Ne 2:6; Ps 45:10[EB 9]+), note: Holladay suggest translation as “favorite of the harem;” others translate “consort,” suggesting a favored concubineal spouse, see also domain LN 37.48–37.95

שֵׁגָל (šē·ḡāl) BDB: see 8712

שׁגע (šgʿ): see 8713

8713 שָׁגַע (šā·ḡǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7696; TWOT 2328—LN 30.1–30.38 (pual ptcp.) be mad, act. like a maniac, i.e., to think irrationally and not be in a right state of mind (Dt 28:34; 1Sa 21:16a[EB 15a]; 2Ki 9:11; Jer 29:26; Hos 9:7+), note: for another parsing as a noun, see 5405.5; (hitp) carry on like a madman (1Sa 21:15[EB 14],16b[EB 15b]+)

8714 שִׁגָּעוֹן (šig·gā·ʿôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7697; TWOT 2328a—LN 30.1–30.38 madness, i.e., an irrational state of not having a right mind, and so capable of erratic behavior similar to panic (Dt 28:28; 2Ki 9:20; Zec 12:4+)

8715 שֶׁגֶר (šě·ḡěr): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7698; TWOT 2329a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 calf, i.e., the offspring of cattle (Dt 7:13; 28:4, 18, 51+); 2. LN 4.1–4.37 unit: פֶּטֶר שֶׁגֶר (pě·ṭěr šě·ḡěr) firstborn animal, i.e., the first offspring animal of a domestic, large-mammal female (Ex 13:12+), note: in context, a firstborn male

8716 שַׁד (šǎḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7699; TWOT 2332a—LN 8.37 breast, i.e., the area of the body on the front between the neck and abdomen, usually with special reference to the mammary gland on a female human (Ge 49:25; Job 3:12; Ps 22:10[EB 9]; SS 1:13; 4:5; 7:4[EB 3],8[EB 7],9[EB 8]; 8:1, 8, 10; Isa 28:9; 32:12; La 4:3; Eze 16:7; 23:3, 21, 34; Hos 2:4[EB 2]; 9:14; Joel 2:16+), note: also used of animals, in a different position on the body, cf. also 8718

8717 שֵׁד (šēḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7700; TWOT 2330—LN 12.1–12.42 demon, evil spirit, i.e., a spirit being that is evil and accepts worship as a god (Dt 32:17; Ps 106:37+)

8718 I. שֹׁד (šōḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7699; TWOT 2332a—LN 8.37 breast, i.e., the area of the body on the front between the neck and abdomen, usually with special reference to the mammary gland on a female human (Job 24:9; Isa 60:16; 66:11+), cf. also 8716

8719 II. שֹׁד (šōḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7701; TWOT 2331a—1. LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, ruin, i.e., a state of having objects destroyed as a result of violence (Job 5:21, 22; Pr 11:3 K; Isa 13:6; 16:4; 22:4; 51:19; 59:7; 60:18; Jer 6:7; 20:8; 48:3; Hos 7:13; 9:6; Hab 1:3; Joel 1:15; Am 5:9; Hab 2:17+), note: Hos 10:14 some parse as qal inf. of 8720; note: for Pr 11:3 Q, see 8720; 2. LN 20.1–20.11 violence, i.e., a state of physical force exerted against another (Pr 21:7; 24:2; Hos 12:2[EB 1]+); 3. LN 57.232–57.248 loot, plunder, i.e., goods that are taken by force, implying violence in the taking of them (Am 3:10+); 4. LN 22.1–22.14 oppression, i.e., a state of trouble which causes direct suffering (Ps 12:6[EB 5]; Eze 45:9+)

שׁדד (šdd): see 8720

8720 שָׁדַד (šā·ḏǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 7703, 7736; TWOT 2331—LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) devastate, ruin, i.e., destroy an object or condition in any of various ways (Job 12:6; 15:21; Ps 17:9; 91:6; Pr 11:3; Isa 16:4; 21:2; 33:1ac; Jer 6:26; 12:12; 15:8; 25:36; 47:4; 48:8, 18, 32; 49:28; 51:48, 53, 55, 56; Eze 32:12; Hos 10:14b; Ob 5; Mic 2:4a+), note: in some contexts the destruction includes looting and plundering, see also domain LN 57.232–57.248; (qal pass.) be destroyed (Jdg 5:27; Ps 137:8; Isa 33:1b; Jer 4:30+), note: in some contexts this can refer to physical death, see also domain LN 20.61–20.88; (nif) ruined (Mic 2:4b+); (piel) maraud, raid, rob, loot (Pr 19:26; 24:15+); (polel) ravage, destroy (Hos 10:2+); (pual) be destroyed, be ruined (Isa 15:1; 23:1, 14; Jer 4:13, 20; 9:18[EB 19]; 10:20; 48:1, 15, 20; 49:3, 10; Joel 1:10; Na 3:7; Zec 11:2, 3+); (hof) be ruined, devastated, destroyed (Isa 33:1d; Hos 10:14a+), note: Hos 10:14 some parse as n.masc. 8719

8721 שִׁדָּה (šid·dā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7705; TWOT 2332b—1. LN 10.53–10.61 concubine, formally, lady, i.e., a female in formal, societally recognized, polygamous marriage relationship with a husband, usually with less rights than a wife, sometimes with a function of status or pleasure to the husband (Ecc 2:8+); 2. LN 10.53–10.61 unit: שִׁדָּה וְ־ שִׁדָּה (šid·dā(h) w- šid·dā(h)) harem, i.e., a group of females in association with one man (Ecc 2:8+), note: depending on the culture, a harem may consist of secondary wives, or concubines, or women of pleasure reserved for one man without specific marital rights

8722 שָׁדוּד (šā·ḏûḏ): n.pr.—LN 93-place (loc.) (NEB, REB) Shadud: an unknown place (Jos 19:10 cj,12 cj+), note: NJB translates “Sadud;” note: for MT text (and so most versions), see 8587

8723 שַׁדּוּן (šǎd·dûn): see 8726 (Job 19:29 Q+)

8724 שַׁדַּי (šǎd·dǎy): n.pr. [oth n.masc.]; ≡ Str 7706; TWOT 2333—1. LN 12.1–12.42 (title) the Almighty, i.e., a title for the true God, often with a focus on the power to complete promises of blessing and prosperity (Ge 49:25; Nu 24:4, 16; Ru 1:20, 21; Job 5:17; 6:4, 14; 8:3, 5; 11:7; 13:3; 15:25; 21:15, 20; 22:3, 17, 23, 25, 26; 23:16; 24:1; 27:2, 10, 11, 13; 29:5; 31:2, 35; 32:8; 33:4; 34:10, 12; 35:13; 37:23; 40:2; Ps 68:15[EB 14]; 91:1; Isa 13:6; Eze 1:24; Joel 1:15+); 2. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: אֵל שַׁדַּי (ʾēl šǎd·dǎy) God Almighty, i.e., a title for the one true God (Ge 17:1; 28:3; 35:11; 43:14; 48:3; Ex 6:3; Eze 10:5+)

8725 שְׁדֵיאוּר (šeḏê·ʾûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7707;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shedeur: of Reuben, father of census assistant for Moses (Nu 1:5; 2:10; 7:30, 35; 10:18+)

שַׁדִּין (šǎd·dîn) BDB: see 8726

8726 שַׁדִּין (šǎd·dîn): see 8611 + 1907 (Job 19:29 K+), note: sources report both K and Q are not intelligible as is; the best solution is to separate and repoint Job 19:29 K as 8611 + 1908 or the more preferable 8611 + 1907

8727 שְׁדֵמָה (šeḏē·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7709; TWOT 2334a—LN 1.95–1.98 cultivated field, i.e., a plot of land for growing crops, which may include terraced fields in hilly regions (Dt 32:32; 2Ki 23:4; Isa 16:8; 37:27 MT; Jer 31:40 Q; Hab 3:17+), note: for NIV text in Isa 37:27, see 8729; note: for Jer 31:40 K+, see 9236

שׁדף (šdp): see 8728

8728 שָׁדַף (šā·ḏǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 7710; TWOT 2335—LN 79.78–79.83 (qal pass.) be scorched, i.e., pertaining to being dry and shriveled (and so unhealthy) due to intense, drying heat as a natural weather occurrence (Ge 41:6, 23, 27+), note: in context a drying by an east wind

8729 שְׁדֵפָה (šeḏē·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7711; TWOT 2335a, 2335b—LN 79.78–79.83 scorching, i.e., in a state of being dry and shriveled (and so unhealthy) due to intense, drying heat as a natural weather occurrence (2Ki 19:26+), note: for MT text in Isa 37:27, see 8727

8730 שִׁדָּפוֹן (šid·dā·p̄ôn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7711; TWOT 2335a—LN 79.78–79.83 blight, i.e., a plant disease which cause the injuring and shriveling of plants (without rotting) as a figurative extension of scorching, shriveling heat (Dt 28:22; 1Ki 8:37; 2Ch 6:28; Am 4:9; Hag 2:17+), note: some sources translate “scorching,” and so relate to intense heat and not organic disease

8731 שַׁדְרַךְ (šǎḏ·rǎḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7714;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shadrach: comrade of Daniel (Da 1:7+), see also 2863(4.)

8732 I. שֹׁהַם (šō·hǎm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7718; TWOT 2337—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: (most versions) onyx; (Lisowsky, NJB, NEB, REB) carnelian/cornelian; (Tanakh) lapis lazuli (Ge 2:12; Ex 25:7; 28:9, 20; 35:9, 27; 39:6, 13; 1Ch 29:2; Job 28:16; Eze 28:13+), note: exact identification not certain

8733 II. שֹׁהַם (šō·hǎm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7719;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shoham: son of Merari (1Ch 24:27+)

8734 שָׁו (šāw): n.[masc.]—see 8736 (Job 15:31 K+), note: NEB, REB, NJB apparently repoint the Q to 8480; most versions, see 8736

שׁוא (šwʾ) Holladay: see 8735

שׁוא (šwʾ)[1] KB: see 8735

8735 שׁוּא (šû(ʾ)): v.—LN 88.126–88.134 (hif impf.) treat badly, mistreat, i.e., cause one to suffer ill-treatment in any of various actions (Ps 55:16[EB 15]; 89:23[EB 22]+), note: NIV parses Ps 55:16[EB 15] as 5958 and Ps 89:23[EB 22] as 5957

8736 שָׁוְא (šāwe(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7723; TWOT 2338a—1. LN 65.30–65.39 vanity, futility, worthlessness, i.e., that which has no result or use and so worthless (Ex 20:7), see also LN 89.39–89.54; 2. LN 92.11–92.25 nothing, i.e., a negative reference to an entity, event, or state (Job 15:31); 3. LN 72.1–72.11 falseness, i.e., that content which is not true, with a special focus that this content is worthless for ascertaining the truth (Ex 23:1), see also domain LN 70; 4. LN 6.96–6.101 idol, formally, vanity, i.e., an image of a pagan god, with a special reference to its worthlessness (Ps 24:4); 5. LN 33.161–33.177 empty plea, i.e., a request which is not responded to, and so of no effect (Job 35:13)

שָׁוְא (šāwe(ʾ)): adv.—see 8736

8737 שְׁוָא (šewā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7724;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sheva: 1. scribe of King David (2Sa 20:25+), see also 8588(1.) 2. son of Caleb-Maacah (1Ch 2:49+)

8738 שׁוֹא (šô(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7722; TWOT 2339, 2339a—LN 20.31–20.60 ravages, formally, ruin or destruction, i.e., the destruction of a soft-tissue object by tearing apart with sharp teeth and paws (Ps 35:17+), see also 8739; note: see BHS ftn for text as 8613

8739 שׁוֹאָה (šô·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7722; TWOT 2339—1. LN 20.31–20.60 ruin, disaster, calamity, i.e., a state or event of destruction (Job 30:14; Ps 35:8; 63:10[EB 9]; Pr 3:25; Isa 10:3; 47:11+); 2. LN 65.30–65.39 desolation, wasteness, i.e., a state in which something is useless and unproductive, implying difficulty in living (Job 30:3; 38:27+); 3. LN 22.1–22.14 trouble, i.e., a state of difficulty and hardship (Zep 1:15+); 4. LN 14.1–14.3 storm, formally, ruin, i.e., an event of severe weather which usually causes destruction of objects it makes contact with, either by wind or rain (Pr 1:27 Q; Eze 38:9+), note: for Pr 1:27 K, see 8618; note: Isa 30:28, see 8736

שׁוּב (šûḇ) Lisowsky: see 8740, 8741

I. שׁוּב (šûḇ): see 8740

II. שׁוּב (šûḇ): see 8741

8740 I. שׁוּב (šûḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7725; TWOT 2340—1. LN 15.88–15.92 (qal) return, i.e., make linear motion back to a point previously departed (Ge 8:9); (hif) bring back (Ge 28:15); (qal pass.) returned (Mic 2:8+); (polel) return (Jer 50:19; Eze 39:27+), note: this movement can refer to restoration; (hof) be returned (Ex 10:8+); 2. LN 16 (qal) turn, i.e., make a non-linear pivot move for a change in direction (Jos 8:21); (hif) turn (Ps 89:44[EB 43]); (polel) turn around, pivot (Eze 38:4; 39:2+), note: this can refer to captivity; 3. LN 13.48–13.68 (qal) change, turn back to, return, i.e., cause a change to a previous, preferable state (Lev 13:16); (hif) restore (Ps 51:14[EB 12]); (polel) restore (Ps 23:3; 60:3[EB 1]; Isa 49:5; 58:12+); (polal [pass.]) be recovered, repaired (Eze 38:8+); 4. LN 68.11–68.21 (qal) do again, i.e., have an activity happen once more (Jos 5:2); (hif) do again (Jer 6:9); 5. LN 41.50–41.54 (qal) change behavior, i.e., turn or return to a manner of life and actions (Jdg 2:19); 6. LN 31.58–31.81 (qal) turn to, i.e., have a change of opinion concerning a belief or truth, with a focus of returning to a proper, prior belief (2Ch 6:37); (hif) believe, take to heart (Dt 4:39); 7. LN 31.58–31.81 (qal) mislead, i.e., cause one to believe something different (Isa 47:10); 8. LN 34.42–34.49 (qal) turn back, reject, i.e., disconnect or abandon an existing association (Nu 14:43); (hif) turn away from (Eze 14:6); 9. LN 34.22–34.30 (qal) turn back, repent, change back to a former association (Jer 4:2); (hif) restore, turn from (Ne 9:29); (polal [act.]) be apostate, formally, turn away (Jer 8:5+); 10. LN 85.1–85.31 (qal) return, put back in place, i.e., put something back in its place; (hif) return to place (Ge 29:3); (hof) return, put back (Ge 42:28; 43:12; Jer 27:16+); 11. LN 57.152–57.171 (qal) be paid back, recover, i.e., give or have given money, goods, land, or other compensation in a financial transaction of various kinds (Eze 7:13); (hif) restore, pay back (Ex 21:34); (hof) restitution be made (Nu 5:8+); 12. LN 35.1–35.18 (qal) refuse to help, i.e., not provide help, aid, or service to a request (1Ki 2:16); 13. LN 15.88–15.92 unit: שׁוּב אָתָה (šûḇ ʾā·ṯā(h)) (qal) return, come back, i.e., move back to a point previously departed from (Isa 21:12b+), note: for fem. ptcp. as n.fem., see also 915.5; 14. LN 23.78–23.87 unit: שׁוּב רוּחַ (šûḇ rûaḥ) revive, i.e., be physically refreshed from a tired state (1Sa 30:12); 15. LN 33.180–33.188 unit: שׁוּב מִלָּה (šûḇ mil·lā(h)) reply, answer, i.e., respond to what another says (Job 35:4), note: for MT text in 1Ki 12:2; Eze 26:20, see 3782; note: further study may yield more domains

8741 II. שׁוּב (šûḇ): v.—LN 15.123–15.134 (qal) gather, i.e., collect objects into another place from where they currently reside (Dt 30:3; Job 42:10; Ps 14:7; 53:7[EB 6]; 85:2[EB 1]; 126:4; Jer 29:14; 30:3, 18; 31:23; 48:47; Eze 16:53; 29:14; Hos 6:11; Am 9:14; Zep 2:7; 3:20+), note: some contexts refer to gathering to imprison, and other contexts refer to gathering to free or restore; note: most sources parse as 8740

8742 שׁוּבָאֵל (šû·ḇā·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7619;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shubael: 1. chief in David’s administration (1Ch 24:20+), see also 8649(1.) 2. priest of the 13th course (1Ch 25:20+), note: possibly same as 8649(2.)

8743 I. שׁוֹבָב (šô·ḇāḇ): adj.; ≡ Str 7726; TWOT 2340c—LN 31.82–31.101 faithless, rebellious, apostate, i.e., pertaining to being a person who is not trusting or relying on prior relationships, implying improper actions can follow (Isa 57:17; Jer 3:14, 22+)

8744 II. שׁוֹבָב (šô·ḇāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7727;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shobab: 1. of David (2Sa 5:14; 1Ch 3:5; 14:4+) 2. of Caleb (1Ch 2:18+)

8745 שׁוֹבֵב (šô·ḇēḇ): adj. [see also 8745.5]; ≡ Str 7728; TWOT 2340d—LN 31.82–31.101 unfaithful, apostate, i.e., pertaining to one who is not true to a belief and course of action, and so cannot be trusted (Jer 31:22; 49:4+)

שׁוֹבֵב (šô·ḇēḇ): n.masc. [served by 8745]; ≡ Str 7728; TWOT 2340d—LN 37.111–37.113 traitor, formally, faithless one, i.e., a person who hands control of someone or some collection to another, often by sly and hypocritical means (Mic 2:4+), note: some sources change text to 8669, “captors”

8746 שׁוּבָה (šû·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7729; TWOT 2340a—LN 31.58–31.81 repentance, formally, returning, i.e., the act. of changing one’s opinion back to a former belief, implying a behavior change (Isa 30:15+), note: some sources change text and relate to 3782, “settling;” note: see also LN 41.50–41.54

8747 שׁוֹבַךְ (šô·ḇǎḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7731;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shobach: Syrian military commander (2Sa 10:16, 18+), see also 8791

8748 שׁוֹבָל (šô·ḇāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7732;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shobal: 1. an Edomite (Ge 36:20, 23, 29; 1Ch 1:38, 40+) 2. of Caleb (1Ch 2:50, 52+) 3. of Judah (1Ch 4:1, 2+), possibly same as 2.

שׁוֹבָק (šô·ḇāq) BDB: see 8749

8749 שׁוֹבֵק (šô·ḇēq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7733;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shobek: sealer of a covenant (Ne 10:25[EB 24]+)

שׁוֹד (šôḏ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8719

שׁוד (šwd): see 8720

שׁוּד (šûḏ) BDB: see 8720 (Ps 91:6)

I. שׁוה (šwh): see 8750

II. שׁוה (šwh): see 8751

8750 I. שָׁוָה (šā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7737; TWOT 2342—1. LN 64 (qal) be like, be comparable, i.e., be in a similar state or condition to another object in many or some respects (Pr 3:15; 8:11; 26:4+); (nif) be like (Pr 27:15+); (piel) make like (2Sa 22:34; Ps 18:34[EB 33]+), note: for another interp, see 8751; (hif) liken (Isa 46:5+); 2. LN 58.31–58.35 (qal) be equal, i.e., be in the same or equivalent class or kind (Isa 40:25+); (hif) count as equal (La 2:13+); 3. LN 79.84–79.87 (piel) make smooth, make still, i.e., make a surface of a mass level and flat in contrast to wavy or bumpy, as the feature of an object (Ps 131:2; Isa 28:25+), note: for calmness as a weather event, see also domain LN 14.17–14.35; 4. LN 66 (qal) be appropriate, suitable, adequate, i.e., be in a proper state in relation to a fitting or right circumstance (Est 3:8; 5:13; 7:4+); 5. LN 85.55–85.64 (piel) wait patiently, be still, be quiet, i.e., remain or stay in one place and not make motions or sounds as one waits for a future anticipated (hopeful?) event (Isa 38:13+), note: some sources follow the DSS text and translates “be racked with pain,” so possibly related to 9142 as a figurative extension of being laid bare; others see the DSS root שׁפה (šph) of a different origin and of a similar domain of meaning to “smooth;” editor recommends keep MT text; 6. LN 38.14–38.20 (qal) receive a recompense, get what one deserves, i.e., get a just compensation or reciprocation (reward or punishment) based on execution of a just standard (Job 33:27+)

8751 II. שָׁוָה (šā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7737; TWOT 2342—1. LN 85.32–85.54 (piel) set, place, i.e., firmly put or place an object in a particular place, in contrast to having an object slip around on a surface (2Sa 22:34; Ps 18:34[EB 33]+), note: for another interp in 2Sa 22:34; Ps 18:34[EB 33], see 8750; 2. LN 57.71–57.124 (piel) bestow, give, set forth, i.e., grant or confer an object or entity as a gift (Ps 21:6[EB 5]; 89:20[EB 19]; Hos 10:1+); 3. LN 25.68–25.79 (piel) intense desire, set before, i.e., have a very strong, intense, devoted feeling or attitude of wanting or desiring an object, as a figurative extension of placing or setting an object right in front of oneself (Ps 16:8; 119:30+)

8752 שָׁוֶה (šā·wě(h)): n.[masc.] as abs. form of 8753—LN 1.39–1.45 plain, steppe land, i.e., an extensive area of level or rolling geographical area, generally in contrast to hills or forest (Ge 14:5+), for another interp as n.pr.loc., see 8754

8753 שָׁוֵה (šā·wē(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7740; TWOT 2342a—LN 93-place (loc.) (valley of) Shaveh: wadi immediately E of the city of Jerusalem, i.e., likely same as Kidron (Ge 14:17+), see also 4889.5, 7724; also, a part of a compound name, Shaveh Kiriathaim, see 8754

שָׁוֵה (šā·wē(h)) BDB: see 8752 (Ge 14:5+)

8754 שָׁוֵה קִרְיָתַיִם (šā·wē(h) qir·yā·ṯǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7741;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shaveh Kiriathaim: place in Transjordan (Ge 14:5+), for another interp with “Shaveh” as a common noun in Ge 14:5, see 8752

שׁוח (šwḥ)[1] KB, Lisowsky: see 8755

שׁוח (šwḥ)[2] KB, Lisowsky: see 8863

8755 I. שׁוּחַ (šûaḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7743; TWOT 2343.1—LN 89.39–89.54 (qal) lead down to, results in, formally, sink down, i.e., have a certain outcome of result as a figurative extension of a mass sinking to a lower physical level (Pr 2:18+), note: see also 8820; note: La 3:20 K/Q, see 8820

8756 II. שׁוּחַ (šûaḥ): n.pr. [Holladay: terr]; ≡ Str 7744;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shuah: son of Abraham-Keturah (Ge 25:2; 1Ch 1:32+)

8757 I. שׁוּחָה (šû·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7745; TWOT 2343.1a—1. LN 1.51–1.59 pit, i.e., a usually manmade hole in the ground with very steep sides, which is used to capture and contain animals or prisoners (Pr 22:14; 23:27; Jer 18:20, 22+), see also domain LN 6.23–6.25; 2. LN 1.51–1.59 rift, i.e., a natural, open fissure in the ground, which is below the surface of the earth (Jer 2:6+)

8758 II. שׁוּחָה (šû·ḥā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7746;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shuhah: of Judah (1Ch 4:11+)

8759 שַׁוְחָט (šǎw·ḥāṭ): n.[masc.]—LN 6.29–6.40 strong wood bow, formally, Grevia Wood, i.e., a bow made out of a certain tree Grevia populifolia (Jer 9:7[EB 8] cj+), note: see BHS ftn which repoints Jer 9:7[EB 8] K text as qal act. ptcp. of 8821 or 8822; or repoint Jer 9:7[EB 8] Q as qal pass. of 8821 or 8822; note: see KB 916 bottom for this identification, the editor could not find a genus Grevia in standard reference books on trees of the world, nor was consulting a botanist productive, and so the editor welcomes input

8760 שׁוּחִי (šû·ḥî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7747;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shuhite: pertaining to Shuah (Job 2:11; 8:1; 18:1; 25:1; 42:9+), note: some connect to the Shuah as a person, oth give ety. as gentilic of place

8761 שׁוּחָם (šû·ḥām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7748;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shuham: of Dan (Nu 26:42+), see also 8762, note: probably same as 3123

8762 שׁוּחָמִי (šû·ḥā·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7749;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shuhamite: pertaining to Shuham (Nu 26:42, 43+), see also 8761

I. שׁוט (šwṭ): see 8763

II. שׁוט (šwṭ): see 8764

8763 I. שׁוּט (šûṭ): v.; ≡ Str 7751; TWOT 2344, 2344d—1. LN 15.18–15.26 (qal) roam, go about, i.e., make more or less random linear motion through a geographical area, often to accomplish a particular purpose (Nu 11:8; 2Sa 24:2, 8; Job 1:7; 2:2+); (polel) wander, go here and there (2Ch 16:9; Jer 5:1; Da 12:4; Am 8:12; Zec 4:10+); (hitpolel) to rush here and there (Jer 49:3+); 2. LN 15.160–15.164 (qal ptcp. masc.pl.) oaring, i.e., pertaining to movement through water by means of forceful use of oars, with a focus on the persons making the action, but no focus on random linear movement of the boat itself, and so a goal-oriented motion (Eze 27:8, 26+)

8764 II. שׁוּט (šûṭ): v.; ≡ Str 7590; TWOT 2345—LN 39.1–39.12 (qal) malign, act. malicious, despise, i.e., to act. in a manner that exhibits hate and despising toward an enemy, with a special focus on the persons who act. in this manner (Eze 16:57; 28:24, 26+), see also domain LN 88.192–88.197

שׁוּט (šûṭ) BDB: see 8763 (Eze 27:8, 26+)

8765 I. שׁוֹט (šôṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7752; TWOT 2344a—1. LN 6.26–6.28 whip, lash, scourge, i.e., a device of leather thongs configured as a flexible cord, used to punish and bring pain, often very severe (1Ki 12:11, 14; 2Ch 10:11, 14; Job 9:23; Isa 10:26; 28:15 K,18+), note: in some contexts this refers to chastisement and punishment by other means as well, note: for another interp of Job 9:23; Isa 28:15 Q,18, see 8766; 2. LN 6.4–6.9 lash, whip, i.e., thongs of leather configured as a flexible cord, as a device to control, motivate, or punish animals (Pr 26:3; Na 3:2+); 3. LN 33.387–33.403 unit: שׁוֹט לָשׁוֹן (šôṭ lā·šôn) slander, verbal attack, formally, lash of the tongue, i.e., that content of what is maliciously spoken of about a person (Job 5:21+)

8766 II. שׁוֹט (šôṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7752; TWOT 2344a—LN 14.17–14.35 sudden flood, spate, i.e., a sudden, overwhelming, potentially deadly flood or torrent of water as a weather event (Job 9:23; Isa 28:15 Q,18+), note: for another interp, see 8765

8767 שׁוּל (šûl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7757; TWOT 2346a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 hem, i.e., the bottom-most strip or area of hanging dress (Ex 28:33,34; 39:24, 25, 26+), note: hanging dress as skirt or robe; 2. LN 6.152–6.187 train of a majestic robe, i.e., the long, flowing part of a robe that drags (on the ground surface) behind the person wearing it (Isa 6:1+); 3. LN 6.152–6.187 skirts, i.e., the loose hanging part of clothing from the waist to the knees or ankles (Jer 13:22, 26; La 1:9; Na 3:5+)

8768 שׁוֹלָל (šô·lāl): adj.; ≡ Str 7758; TWOT 2399a—1. LN 49 barefoot, i.e., pertaining to having a foot with no sandals or shoes (Job 12:17, 19; Mic 1:8 Q+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 49 stripped, i.e., pertaining to having little or no clothes, with the associative meaning of humiliation (Job 12:17, 19; Mic 1:8 Q+), see also 8871

8769 שׁוּלַמִּית (šû·lǎm·mîṯ): n.pr. [Holladay, KB?: n.fem.]; ≡ Str 7759;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shulammite: possibly a person pertaining to the town of Shunem, see 8773 (SS 7:1[EB 6:13]+), note: this meaning is disputed by some sources

שׁוּם (šûm) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8770

8770 שׁוּמִים (šû·mîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7762; TWOT 2347—LN 5.23–5.28 (most versions) garlic, i.e., a bulbous kind of onion plant (of the lily family), comprised of cloves (i.e., separate scales), with a pungent flavor, used as a condiment, usually identified as the domestic Allium sativum (Nu 11:5+), see also domain LN 3.13–3.32

שׁוֹמֵר (šô·mēr): n.pr. [served by 9071]; ≡ Str 7762; TWOT 2347—LN 93-pers. (male) Shomer: of Asher (1Ch 7:32+), see also 9070, 9071

8771 I. שׁוּנִי (šû·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7764;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shuni: of Gad (Ge 46:16; Nu 26:15a+), see also 8772

8772 II. שׁוּנִי (šû·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7765;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shunite: pertaining to Shuni (Nu 26:15b+), see also 8771

8773 שׁוּנֵם (šû·nēm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7766;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shunem: town of Issachar (Jos 19:18; 1Sa 28:4; 2Ki 4:8+), see also 8774

8774 שׁוּנַמִּי (šû·nǎm·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7767;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shunammite: pertaining to Shunem (1Ki 1:3, 15; 2:17, 21, 22; 2Ki 4:12, 25, 36+), see 8773

שׁוּנַמִּית (šû·nǎm·mîṯ) BDB: see 8774

שׁוע (šwʿ): see 8775

8775 שָׁוַע (šā·wǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 7768; TWOT 2348—LN 33.161–33.177 (piel) cry for help, plead for relief, i.e., ask or request something, with a focus that the asking is intense or desperate, imploring for aid in a difficult or dangerous situation (Job 19:7; 24:12; 29:12; 30:20, 28; 35:9; 36:13; 38:41; Ps 18:7[EB 6],42[EB 41]; 22:25[EB 24]; 28:2; 30:3[EB 2]; 31:23[EB 22]; 72:12; 88:14[EB 13]; 119:147; Isa 58:9; La 3:8; Jnh 2:3[EB 2]; Hab 1:2+), note: for a focus on help or aid, see also domain LN 35.1–35.18; note: for MT text in 2Sa 22:42, see 9120

8776 שֶׁוַע (šě·wǎʿ): n.[masc.] [oth:inf.cs. of 8775]; ≡ Str 7773; TWOT 2348a—LN 33.161–33.177 pleading, imploring, i.e., the act. of requesting or asking for help as an urgent, intense request (Ps 5:3[EB 2]+)

שֵׁוַע (šē·wǎʿ) BDB: see 8780

8777 I. שׁוֹעַ (šôaʿ): adj.; ≡ Str 7771; TWOT 2348b, 929c—1. LN 87.19–87.57 of high rank, noble, i.e., pertaining to being highly respected and so of high status (Isa 32:5+); 2. LN 57.25–57.35 rich, i.e., pertaining to having wealth and status (Job 34:19+)

8778 II. שׁוֹעַ (šôaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7772;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shoa: an Assyrian people, a gentilic of a person (Eze 23:23+)

8779 III. שׁוֹעַ (šôaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7772;—LN 14.74–14.86 crying out, i.e., making of a loud sound or noise as a signal, but without verbal-language content (Isa 22:5+), note: some suggest a war-cry; others a plea to God for help (which would then have verbal content), see also domain LN 35.1–35.18, LN 33.307–33.314

8780 I. שׁוּעַ (šûaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7769; TWOT 2348a—LN 33.307–33.314 cry for help, i.e., a calling out for assistance (Job 30:24; 36:19+), note: for another interp in Job 36:19 see 8782; see also domain LN 35.1–35.18

8781 II. שׁוּעַ (šûaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7770;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shua: father of Judah’s wife (Ge 38:2, 12; 1Ch 2:3+), see also 1445

8782 III. שׁוּעַ (šûaʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7769; TWOT 2348a—LN 57.25–57.35 wealth, riches, i.e., what is of great value (Job 36:19+), note: for another interp, see 8780

8783 שׁוּעָא (šû·ʿā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7774;—LN 93-pers. (female) Shua: of Asher (1Ch 7:32+)

8784 שַׁוְעָה (šǎw·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7775; TWOT 2348c—LN 33.307–33.314 cry for help, i.e., a calling out for assistance (Ex 2:23; 1Sa 5:12; 2Sa 22:7; Ps 18:7[EB 6]; 34:16[EB 15]; 39:13[EB 12]; 40:2[EB 1]; 102:2[EB 1]; 145:19; Jer 8:19; La 3:56+); see also domain LN 35.1–35.18

8785 I. שׁוּעָל (šû·ʿāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7776; TWOT 2433a—LN 4.1–4.37 fox, i.e., a small, carnivorous mammal of the dog family, with large erect ears, pointed muzzle, and bushy tail, of the genus Vulpus (Jdg 15:4; Ne 3:35[EB 4:3]; Ps 63:11[EB 10]; SS 2:15; La 5:18; Eze 13:4+), note: Holladay specifically identifies as Vulpus niloticus or Vulpus flavescens; note: in some contexts such as Ps 63:11[EB 10]; La 5:18; Eze 13:4, context may be better served by identification as a “jackal” as another similar-looking species of the dog family, more prowling, ranging in packs, as well as more aggressive behaviors Canis aureus

8786 II. שׁוּעָל (šû·ʿāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7777;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shual: of Asher (1Ch 7:36+)

8787 III. שׁוּעָל (šû·ʿāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7777;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shual: area in vicinity of Ophrah (1Sa 13:17+)

8788 שׁוֹעֵר (šô·ʿēr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7778; TWOT 2437b—1. LN 37.119–37.126 gatekeeper, i.e., an attendant who guards a gate and entrance area, limiting access and making announcements (2Sa 18:26; 2Ki 7:10, 11+), see also 9133; see also domain LN 55.14–55.22; 2. LN 53.66–53.95 gatekeeper, doorkeeper, i.e., an attendant who guards a gate and entrance area, limiting access, as a consecrated religious function in a temple, as a class of temple worker (1Ch 9:17, 18, 21, 22, 24, 26; 15:18, 23, 24; 16:38; 23:5; 26:1, 12, 19; 2Ch 8:14; 23:4, 19; 31:14; 34:13; 35:15; Ezr 2:42, 70; 7:7; 10:24; Ne 7:1, 45, 72[NIV 73]; 10:29[EB 28],40[EB 39]; 11:19; 12:25, 45, 47; 13:5+)

I. שׁוף (šwp): see 8789, note: is switches LN 1 & LN 2

II. שׁוף (šwp): see 8790

8789 I. שׁוּף (šûp̄): v.; ≡ Str 7779; TWOT 2349—1. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) crush, i.e., a downward pressing motion of an object (Ge 3:15a+), see also 8790; note: some sources give meaning as the same root in Ge 3:15ab and give a generic term of “batter,” as a repeated action of fighting; note: some translate “bruise,” as an injury which is not fatal per se; note: Job 9:17 some parse as 8790; 2. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal) batter, formally, crush, i.e., a repeated striking motion which injures (Job 9:17+)

8790 II. שׁוּף (šûp̄): v.; ≡ Str 7779; TWOT 2349—LN 19.14–19.26 (qal) strike, bite, i.e., a piercing action of sharp teeth into soft tissue (Ge 3:15b; Ps 139:11 MT; note: see also 8789; Job 9:17+), note: for Ps 139:11 NIV, see 8503; note: Job 9:17 some parse as 8789

8791 שׁוֹפַךְ (šô·p̄ǎḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7780;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shophach: Syrian military commander (1Ch 19:16, 18+), see also 8747

8792 שׁוּפָם (šû·p̄ām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8197;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shupham: (KJV, NKJV, NIV, NAB, NEB, REB) of Benjamin (Nu 26:39+), see also 5137, 8793, note: for MT text, see 9145

8793 שׁוּפָמִי (šû·p̄ā·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7781;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shuphamite: pertaining to Shupham (Nu 26:39+), see also 8792

8794 שׁוֹפָן (šô·p̄ān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 5855;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shophan: part of a compound name, Atroth Shophan, see 6503

8795 שׁוֹפָר (šô·p̄ār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7782; TWOT 2449c—1. LN 6.83–6.95 (most versions) trumpet, i.e., a curved animal horn used as a bugling and trumpeting device for signaling (1Sa 13:3); 2. LN 14.74–14.86 unit: קוֹל שׁוֹפָר (qôl šô·p̄ār) blast, i.e., the sound of a horn (2Sa 6:15)

שׁוק (šwq): see 8796

שׁוק (šwq)[1] KB: see 8796

8796 I. שׁוּק (šûq): v.; ≡ Str 7783; TWOT 2351—1. LN 14.17–14.35 (polel) water sufficiently, i.e., place or give water on plants in amounts adequate and proper to keep plants growing and healthy (Ps 65:10[EB 9]+), note: the reference is likely to rain as a natural act. of weather, see also domain LN 14.10–14.14, LN 47.1–47.7; 2. LN 47.1–47.7 (hif) overflow, i.e., to attempt to have more of a mass or quantity in a container than the container will allow, and the excess spills over the edge or lip (Joel 2:24; 4:13[EB 3:13]+), see also domain LN 14.17–14.35

8797 שׁוֹק (šôq): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7785; TWOT 2350a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 upper thigh, shoulder, i.e., the uppermost meaty part of the leg on the hind, especially between the pelvic joint and knee joint on a side of the hind quarter of an animal for slaughter (Ex 29:22, 27; Lev 7:32, 33, 34; 8:25, 26; 9:21; 10:14, 15; Nu 6:20; 18:18; 1Sa 9:24+), note: some sources give meaning as the lower narrower part of the leg, i.e., the shank, but this is not as contextually reasonable; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 lower leg, i.e., the lower part of the leg, so the “calf” between the knee and ankle (Dt 28:35; Ps 147:10; Pr 26:7; SS 5:15; Isa 47:2+), note: some sources give meaning as the whole leg from the hip to the ankle; 3. LN 78.44–78.50 unit: שׁוֹק עַל יָרֵךְ (šôq ʿǎl yā·rēḵ) utterly, formally, thigh to hip, i.e., pertaining to accomplishing a task to a completive degree (Jdg 15:8+), note: NIV (cf. also NASB, NJB, Tanakh) translates “viciously,” as a very high degree of violence; note: the ety. of this idiom is unknown

8798 II. שׁוּק (šûq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7784; TWOT 2350b—LN 1.99–1.105 street, lane, i.e., a thoroughfare in a town (Pr 7:8; Ecc 12:4, 5; SS 3:2+)

8799 שׁוֹקֵק (šô·qēq): adj. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc. of 9212]; ≡ Str 8264; TWOT 2460—LN 23.1–23.39 very thirsty, unquenched, i.e., pertaining to an intense longing for water as a condition of being physically dehydrated, implying a weakened condition, as a figurative extension of rushing toward or pouncing upon an object (Ps 107:9; Isa 29:8+)

I. שׁור (šwr): see 8800 note: is. switches LN 1 & LN 2

II. שׁור (šwr): see 8801

8800 I. שׁוּר (šûr): v.; ≡ Str 7789; TWOT 2354—1. LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) see, look, view, i.e., use the eye-gate of sight to see visual objects and process the images into information (Nu 23:9; 24:17; Job 7:8; 20:9; 24:15; 33:14; 34:29; 35:5, 14+), note: for another interp in Job 33:27; SS 4:8, see 8801; 2. LN 35.36–35.46 (qal) care for, formally, watch, i.e., help another by rendering service to provide the needs and more for a loved object (Hos 14:9[EB 8]+); 3. LN 39.51 (qal) lie in wait, lurk, i.e., to attack another in an ambush (Jer 5:26; Hos 13:7+); 4. LN 32.1–32.10 (qal) perceive, formally, see, i.e., to understand a situation and make judgments on the information processed (Job 17:15+); 5. LN 32.1–32.10 unit: לֹא שׁוּר (lō(ʾ) šûr)1 (qal) not understand, not perceive, formally, not see, i.e., to not understand information and by implication not able to respond (Job 33:14+); 6. LN 27.55–27.60 unit: לֹא שׁוּר (lō(ʾ) šûr)1 (qal) not pay attention, formally, not see, i.e., ignore information and understanding, with a special focus on not responding (Job 35:13+)

8801 II. שׁוּר (šûr): v.; ≡ Str 7788; TWOT 2353—1. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) come/go, i.e., linear motion with a goal (Job 33:27; Isa 57:9+); 2. LN 15.107–15.117 (qal) descend, i.e., move in linear motion from a higher point to a lower elevation (SS 4:8+); 3. LN 15.187–15.211 (qal ptcp. fem.pl.) carry, i.e., to bear a load or cargo from one place to another in linear motion (Eze 27:25+), note: for another interp in Eze 27:25, see 9224.5; for Eze 27:25 cj, see 8879; note: for another interp in Job 33:27; SS 4:8, see 8800

8802 שׁוֹר (šôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7794; TWOT 2355a—1. LN 4.1–4.37 cattle, i.e., male or female of the bovine species, as a class or category of animal (Ge 32:6[EB 5]; Ex 21:36, 36; 22:29[EB 30]; 34:19; Lev 7:23; Dt 15:19; Jos 6:21; 7:24; Jdg 6:4, 25; 1Sa 14:34; 15:3; 22:19; 1Ki 1:19, 25; Isa 7:25; 32:20+); 2. LN 4.1–4.37 bull, i.e., a fully-grown male bovine (Ex 21:28), note: translate “ox, steer” if, in context, the male is castrated; 3. LN 4.1–4.37 cow, i.e., a fully-grown female bovine able to bear young (Lev 22:28+); 4. LN 4.1–4.37 calf, i.e., a young male bovine (Lev 22:27; Pr 15:17+)

8803 III. שׁוּר (šûr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7790; TWOT 2354a—1. LN 7.59–7.62 wall, i.e., a construction to constrain or protect from movements (Ge 49:22; 2Sa 22:30; Ps 18:30[EB 29]+), for another interp, in Jer 5:10, see 9224, for another parsing with same meaning, see 8805; 2. LN 39.1–39.12 foe, formally, wall, i.e., ones that are a hostile enemy as a figurative extension of a wall as a blocking device (Ps 92:12[EB 11]+), for NIV text, see 8806; note: oth relate to 8800 with same meaning but different focus of “seeing,” “watchful foes,” which may contextually be the better nuance

8804 IV. שׁוּר (šûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7793;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shur: desert area (Ge 16:7; 20:1; 25:18; Ex 15:22; 1Sa 15:7; 27:8+)

8805 שׁוּרָה (šû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7791; TWOT 2355b—LN 7.59–7.62 supporting wall, i.e., a retaining wall of a terrace, which occurs in succession between flat work and growing areas down a hillside (Job 24:11+), note: Jer 5:10 v.r. in BDB, see also 8803

8806 שׁוֹרֵר (šô·rēr): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc. of either 9242 or 8800]; ≡ Str 8324; TWOT 2469—LN 39.1–39.12 enemy, adversary, i.e., one who is hostile and in opposition to another (Ps 5:9[EB 8]; 27:11; 54:7[EB 5]; 56:3[EB 2]; 59:11[EB 10]; Ps 92:12[EB 11] NIV+), note: for another parsing in Ps 92:12[EB 11], see 8803

8807 שַׁוְשָׁא (šǎw·šā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7798;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shavsha: scribe of King David (1Ch 18:16+), see also 8588(1.)

שׁוֹשַׁן (šô·šǎn) Lisowsky: see 8808

שׁוֹשָׁן (šô·šān) BDB: see 8808

8808 I. שׁוּשַׁן (šû·šǎn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7799, 7802; TWOT 2356—1. LN 3.47–3.59 lotus flower, i.e., the blue bloom of a large Egyptian water-lily, Nymphaea caerulea or white-flowered Nymphaea lotus, (1Ki 7:19, 22, 26; 2Ch 4:5+), note: other sources, same as “lily.”; 2. LN 3.13–3.32 lily plant, i.e., any of the genus of Lilium with prominently-shaped flowers (SS 2:16; 4:5; 6:3+), note: KB, Holladay identifies specifically as Lilius candidum, though the iris, hyacinth, crocus, tulip, poppy, etc., may be suggested in certain contexts (suggested for a certain color in a context); 3. LN 3.47–3.59 lily blossom, i.e., the flower of the lily (SS 2:1, 2; 5:13; 6:2; 7:3[EB 2]; Hos 14:6[EB 5]+), note: or the flower of iris, hyacinth, crocus, red tulip, poppy, etc. may be possible in certain contexts; 4. LN 33.35–33.68 Shoshannim, formally, lilies, i.e., a musical instruction or tune in the title of some Psalms (Ps 45:1[EB title]; 60:1[EB title]; 69:1[EB title]; 80:1[EB title]+), note: some comparative etymology suggests this may be related to a hexameter, or a six-stringed instrument, or some other relationship to the number one-sixth or six as a number, but context is not determinative

8809 II. שׁוּשַׁן (šû·šǎn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7800;—LN 93-place (loc.) Susa: capital of Elam, in modern SW Iran (Ne 1:1; Est 1:2–9:18 passim; Da 8:2+)

שׁוּשָׁן (šû·šān) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8808

שׁוֹשַׁנָּה (šô·šǎn·nā(h)) BDB, Lisowsky: n.fem.—see 8808 (2Ch 4:5; SS 2:1, 2; Hos 14:6[EB 5]+)

8810 שׁוּשַׁק (šû·šǎq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7895;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shushak: king of Egypt (1Ki 14:25+), for Q see 8882

שׁות (šwt): see 8883

שׁוּת (šûṯ) BDB: see 8883

8811 שׁוּתֶלַח (šû·ṯě·lǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7803;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shuthelah: 1. son of Ephraim (Nu 26:35, 36; 1Ch 7:20+) 2. descendant of Ephraim (1Ch 7:21+), see also 9279

שׁזף (šzp): see 8812

8812 שָׁזַף (šā·zǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 7805; TWOT 2357—1. LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) see, i.e., use the eye for sight and perception (Job 20:9; 28:7+); 2. LN 79.26–79.38 (qal) tan, be darkened, formally, be “seen” (by the sun), i.e., be darkened by interaction with the sunlight with the skin (SS 1:6+), note: this condition was an embarrassment, and tanning was not a sign of wealth or leisure

שׁזר (šzr): see 8813

8813 שָׁזַר (šā·zǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7806; TWOT 2358—LN 16 (hof ptcp.) be finely twisted, i.e., pertaining to a twisting motion which creates a tight thread or yarn (Ex 26:1, 31, 36; 27:9, 16, 18; 28:6, 8, 15; 36:8, 35, 37; 38:9, 16, 18; 39:2, 5, 8, 24, 28, 29+), note: in context the twisting tightly of flax fiber into linen

8814 שַׁח (šǎḥ): adj.; ≡ Str 7807; TWOT 2361a—1. LN 17.20 downward, bent, low, i.e., pertaining to a stance which is bent over bowing stance (Job 22:29+); 2. LN 25.270–25.287 unit: שַׁח עַיִן (šǎḥ ʿǎ·yin)1 downcast, formally, low of eyes, i.e., persons who feel sorrow as a figurative extension of having a downward glance or prostrate position (Job 22:29+)

שׁחד (šḥd): see 8815

8815 שָׁחַד (šā·ḥǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 7809; TWOT 2359—1. LN 57.172–57.177 (qal) bribe, i.e., to give a gift given to influence an outcome or hire services (Eze 16:33+); 2. LN 37.127–37.138 (qal) pay ransom, i.e., give a payment to a captor to release one under its control (Job 6:22+), note: for Isa 47:11 MT, see 8838

8816 שֹׁחַד (šō·ḥǎḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7810; TWOT 2359a—1. LN 57.71–57.124 gift, present, i.e., something given without an explicit quid pro quo, but implies a relationship of favor (Pr 17:8; 21:14; Isa 45:13+), note: in Proverbs the NIV translates as “bribe” and so emphasizes the manipulative nature of some gift giving; 2. LN 57.178–57.185 tribute, i.e., a gift given as a political instrument between governments (1Ki 15:19; 2Ki 16:8+); 3. LN 57.172–57.177 bribe, i.e., a gift given to influence an outcome or hire services, usually with a specific quid pro quo (Ex 23:8; Dt 10:17; 16:19; 27:25; 1Sa 8:3; 2Ch 19:7; Job 15:34; Ps 15:5; 26:10; Pr 6:35; 17:23; Isa 1:23; 5:23; 33:15; Eze 22:12; Mic 3:11+)

שׁחה (šḥh) Lisowsky: see 2556 or Pr LN 12:LN 25; Isa LN 51:LN 23, 8817

שׁחה (šḥh): see 8817

8817 שָׁחָה (šā·ḥā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7812; TWOT 2360—1. LN 17.21–17.22 (qal) fall prostrate, i.e., take a bowing stance, here as a position of submission to a human superior (Isa 51:23+); 2. LN 25.288–25.296 (hif) be despondent, formally, cause to weigh down, i.e., cause to be anxious and discouraged, as a figurative extension of causing a person to become in a prostrate position (Pr 12:25+), note: for another parsing in hithpalel see also 2556

שִׁחוֹר (ši·ḥôr): see 8865 (Jer 2:18+)

8818 שְׁחוֹר (šeḥôr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7815; TWOT 2368a—LN 3.60–3.67 soot, formally, blackness, a very black, carbon by-product of fire and wood (La 4:8+), note: also Joel 2:2 cj for 8840

8819 שְׁחוּת (šeḥûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7816; TWOT 2360a—LN 6.23–6.25 pit, i.e., a usually man-made depression in the ground, used to trap and confine animals or persons (Pr 28:10+), note: NIV translates “trap,” see also domain LN 1.51–1.59; note: some sources change text to 8846, “grave.”

שׁחח (šḥḥ): see 8820

8820 שָׁחַח (šā·ḥǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7817; TWOT 2361—1. LN 17.21–17.22 (qal) bow down, bend low, with the associative meaning of fear or submission (Job 9:13; Pr 14:19; Isa 60:14+); 2. LN 17.20 (qal) be crouched, i.e., be in a low stance (Job 38:40+); 3. LN 15.118–15.122 (qal) collapse, i.e., have a mass fall together in a heap (Ps 10:10; Hab 3:6+); (hif) cause to collapse (Isa 25:12+), see also domain LN 20.31–20.60; 4. LN 16 (qal) bow the head, i.e., a non-linear motion of causing an object to incline (Ps 35:14+); 5. LN 25.270–25.287 (qal) be in grief, be downcast, formally, bow low, i.e., feel sorrow as a figurative extension of being in a mourning bowed position (Ps 38:7[EB 6]; La 3:20 Q+); 6. LN 87.58–87.75 (qal) be humbled, formally, bow low, i.e., be in a state of low status as a figurative extension of bowing low as a stance of submission (Ps 107:39; Isa 2:11, 17+); (nif) be brought low (Isa 2:9; Isa 5:15+); (hif) cause to be humble (Isa 26:5+); 7. LN 14.74–14.86 (nif) be reduced in sound, mumble, be faint, i.e., have a sound be or become lower in decibels (Ecc 12:4; Isa 29:4+)

I. שׁחט (šḥṭ): see 8821

II. שׁחט (šḥṭ): see 8822

8821 I. שָׁחַט (šā·ḥǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 7819; TWOT 2362—LN 20.61–20.88 (qal) slaughter, kill, i.e., take the life of a creature, implying the object being killed offers little or no resistance as in a battle or contest (Ge 22:10; 37:31; Ex 12:6, 21; 29:11, 16, 20; 34:25; Lev 1:5–22:28 passim; Nu 14:16; 19:3; Jdg 12:6; 1Sa 1:25; 14:32, 34; 1Ki 18:40; 2Ki 10:7, 14; 25:7; 2Ch 29:22,24; 30:15; 35:1, 6, 11; Ezr 6:20; Isa 22:13; 57:5; 66:3; Jer 39:6; 41:7; 52:10; Eze 16:21; 23:39; 40:39, 41, 42; 44:11+), note: for a focus on offering to deity by killing, see LN 53.16–53.27; (qal pass.) killed, be slaughtered, dead (Lev 14:6, 51+); (nif) slaughtered (Lev 6:18[EB 25]; Nu 11:22+), note: for another pointing of text in Jer 9:7[EB 8], see 8822, 8759

8822 II. שָׁחַט (šā·ḥǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 7819, 7820; TWOT 2362—1. LN 45 (qal pass.) hammered, be beaten, i.e., pertaining to being struck for the purpose of crafting an object (1Ki 10:16, 17; 2Ch 9:15,16+), note: some sources translate “alloyed, blended” with the meaning of melting different metals together, often for the purpose of making a metal of a certain hardness, see also domain LN 14.17–14.35; 2. LN 79.95–79.96 (qal pass.) sharpened, i.e., pertaining to having a thin, cutting shape (Jer 9:7[EB 8] Q+), note: for another interp, see 8821, 8759

8823 שַׁחֲטָה (šǎ·ḥǎṭā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7819; TWOT 2362—LN 20.61–20.88 slaughter, i.e., the act. of killing an animate object (Hos 5:2+), note: see BHS ftn for text solutions and reconstructions

שֻׁחִי (šǔ·ḥî) BDB: see 8760 (Job 18:1; 25:1+)

8824 שְׁחִיטָה (šeḥî·ṭā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7821; TWOT 2362a—LN 20.61–20.88 killing, slaughtering, slaying, i.e., the act. of taking the life of an animate object (2Ch 30:17+)

8825 שְׁחִין (šeḥîn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7822; TWOT 2364a—LN 23.142–23.184 skin sores, boils, i.e., a localized eruption of the dermis, from an infection of the skin gland, having a hard central core, and forming pus (Ex 9:9, 10, 11; Lev 13:18, 19, 20, 23; Dt 28:27, 35; 2Ki 20:7; Job 2:7; Isa 38:21+), note: the cause of these boils may be various diseases and infections, including smallpox

8826 שָׁחִיס (šā·ḥîs): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7823; TWOT 1484—LN 3.13–3.32 volunteer plant, formally, lifted up thing, i.e., a grain plant that shoots up on its own in the second year, as a possible figurative extension of lifting oneself up from the ground (Isa 37:30+), see also 6084

שְׁחִיף (šeḥîp̄), שָׁחִיף (šā·ḥîp̄): see 8470

8827 שְׁחִית (šeḥîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7825; TWOT 2360b—1. LN 6.23–6.25 pit, i.e., a usually man-made depression in the ground, used to trap and confine animals or persons (La 4:20+), note: NIV translates “trap,” see also domain LN 1.51–1.59; 2. LN 1.17–1.25 the Grave, formally, pit, i.e., the area where the dead abide, as the figurative extension of a pit below the earth (Ps 107:20+)

8828 שַׁחַל (šǎ·ḥǎl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7826; TWOT 2363a—LN 4.1–4.37 lion, i.e., a large, predatory male mammal, quite capable of killing prey, Panthera leo either of Africa or Asia (Job 4:10; 10:16; 28:8; Ps 91:13; Pr 26:13; Hos 5:14; 13:7+)

8829 שְׁחֵלֶת (šeḥē·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7827; TWOT 2363b—LN 6.205–6.212 (most versions) onycha, i.e., the processed claw-shaped closing-flap of a certain types of mollusks (such as strombus) of the genus Mollusca with a pungent odor when burned (Ex 30:34+); note: (NEB, REB) “aromatic shell;” note: used as an ingredient in incense

8830 שַׁחַף (šǎ·ḥǎp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7828; TWOT 2365a—LN 4.38–4.46 bird, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; (most versions) seagull, i.e., a web-footed, aquatic bird of the family Laridae (Lev 11:16; Dt 14:15+), note: KJV, “cuckow;” BDB, ASV, “sea-mew;” REB, “long-eared owl;” Holladay suggests, “bat;” note: exact identification is not known and context is not determinative

8831 שַׁחֶפֶת (šǎ·ḥě·p̄ěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7829; TWOT 2365b—LN 23.142–23.184 wasting disease, i.e., a disease causing serious illness, with a focus on the emaciating the body, such as consumption or tuberculosis, diarrhea, etc. (Lev 26:16; Dt 28:22+)

8832 שַׁחַץ (šǎ·ḥǎṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7830; TWOT 2366a—1. LN 87.19–87.57 dignity, i.e., a state of high status, with a focus on the appearance of an object which exudes high status (Job 28:8+); 2. LN 88.206–88.222 pride, i.e., the improper state of self-confidence which is not warranted, and so exhibit haughtiness and arrogance (Job 41:26[EB 34]+); 3. LN 4.1–4.37 unit: בֵּן שַׁחַץ (bēn šǎ·ḥǎṣ) dignified beast, i.e., an animal with a proud look as it walks (Job 28:8+), note: in context, a lion; 4. LN 88.206–88.222 unit: בֵּן שַׁחַץ (bēn šǎ·ḥǎṣ) the proud, i.e., a person who exhibits a self-confidence which is not warranted, and so exhibit haughtiness and arrogance (Job 41:26[EB 34]+)

שׁחצומה (šḥṣwmh) BDB: see 8833

8833 שַׁחֲצוּמָה (šǎ·ḥǎṣû·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7831;—LN 93-place (loc.) (most versions) Shahazumah: town in Issachar (Jos 19:22 K+), note: Q, see 8834

8834 שַׁחֲצִימָה (šǎ·ḥǎṣî·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7831;—LN 93-place (loc.) (KJV, NKJV, NJB, Tanakh) Shahazimah: town in Issachar (Jos 19:22 Q+), note: K, see 8833

שׁחק (šḥq): see 8835

8835 שָׁחַק (šā·ḥǎq): v.; ≡ Str 7833; TWOT 2367—1. LN 19.43–19.54 (qal) grind, pulverize, i.e., crush a dry product to powder or dust using a pressing and striking (Ex 30:36; 2Sa 22:43; Ps 18:43[EB 42]+); 2. LN 14.17–14.35 (qal) wear away, rub away, i.e., an by action of water over a hard surface (Job 14:19+), see also domain LN 19, LN 47.1–47.7

8836 שַׁחַק (šǎ·ḥǎq): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7834; TWOT 2367a—1. LN 1.34–1.38 cloud, i.e., a visible atmospheric mass of moisture particle (Dt 33:26; 2Sa 22:12; Job 35:5; 36:28; 38:37; Ps 18:12[EB 11]; 77:18[EB 17]; 78:23; Pr 3:20; 8:28; Isa 45:8; Jer 51:9+); 2. LN 1.5–1.16 sky, formally, cloud, i.e., any space or area of the atmosphere as an extension of the atmospheric cloud mass, including the area above the clouds, as a region above the earth (Job 37:18, 21; Ps 36:6[EB 5]; 57:11[EB 10]; 68:35[EB 34]; 89:7[EB 6],38[EB 37]; 108:5[EB 4]+); 3. LN 2.14–2.28 dust, i.e., very small particles of dirt, with a focus on the lack of significant weight dust has in small quantities (Isa 40:15+)

I. שׁחר (šḥr): see 8837

II. שׁחר (šḥr): see 8838

8837 I. שָׁחַר (šā·ḥǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7835; TWOT 2368—LN 79.26–79.38 (qal pf.) blacken, i.e., turn from one color to the color black as the feature of an object (Job 30:30+), note: in context the unhealthy color of the skin, see also domain LN 23.142–23.184

8838 II. שָׁחַר (šā·ḥǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7836; TWOT 2369—1. LN 25.12–25.32 (qal) long for, formally, look or seek, i.e., to strongly desire something, with a focus on a relationship with that object (Pr 11:27+); (piel) earnestly seek, i.e., search for (Job 7:21; 8:5; Ps 63:2[EB 1]; 78:34; Pr 1:28; 7:15; 8:17; 13:24; Isa 26:9; Hos 5:15+), see also domain LN 31.82–31.101; 2. LN 27.34–27.47 (piel) search, i.e., try to learn the whereabouts of an object (Job 24:5+); 3. LN 53.96–53.101 (piel) conjure, formally, seek, i.e., make an incantation to ward off trouble as an extension of seeking hidden knowledge (Isa 47:11+)

8839 שָׁחֹר (šā·ḥōr): adj.; ≡ Str 7838; TWOT 2368b—1. LN 79.26–79.38 black, i.e., pertaining to the color black (Lev 13:31, 37; SS 1:5; 5:11; Zec 6:2, 6+); 2. LN 79.26–79.38 swarthy, tan, dark-skinned, i.e., pertaining to the copper-colored, darker-tanned color of the sun-exposed skin (SS 1:5+)

8840 שַׁחַר (šǎ·ḥǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7837; TWOT 2369a—1. LN 67.73–67.77 dawn, daybreak, sunrise, i.e., the early time of the morning when the first reddish light of the sun is seen in the east, often with a focus on the light of dawn (Ge 19:15; 32:25[EB 24],27[EB 26]; Jos 6:15; Jdg 19:25; 1Sa 9:26; Ne 4:15[EB 21]; Job 3:9; 38:12 K/Q; 41:10[EB 18]; Ps 22:1[EB title]; 57:9[EB 8]; 108:3[EB 2]; SS 6:10; Isa 8:20; 58:8; Hos 6:3; 10:15; Joel 2:2; Am 4:13; Jnh 4:7+), note: see also domain LN 14.36–14.52; note: for Joel 2:2 cj, see 8818; 2. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: בֵּן שַׁחַר (bēn šǎ·ḥǎr) Son of the Dawn, i.e., one who is an offspring of the pagan deity Shachar (Isa 14:12+); 3. LN 82.1–82.6 unit: כָּנָף שַׁחַר (kā·nāp̄ šǎ·ḥǎr) east, formally, wing of the dawn, i.e., east, the direction of the sunrise (Ps 139:9+)

שְׁחֹר (šeḥōr): see 8818

שִׁחֹר (ši·ḥōr) BDB: see 8865 (Isa 23:3+)

8841 שַׁחֲרוּת (šǎ·ḥǎrûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7839; TWOT 2368c—LN 67.142–67.162 vigor, prime of youth, formally, dawn or “dark hair,” i.e., the indefinite time toward the beginning of life, when one is robust, healthy, youthful, full of vigor (Ecc 11:10+)

8842 שְׁחַרְחֹר (šeḥǎr·ḥōr): adj.; ≡ Str 7840; TWOT 2368d—LN 79.26–79.38 swarthy, tan, dark-skinned, i.e., pertaining to the copper-colored, darker-tanned color of the sun-exposed skin (SS 1:6+)

8843 שְׁחַרְיָה (šeḥǎr·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7841;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shehariah: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:26+)

8844 שַׁחֲרַיִם (šǎ·ḥǎrǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7842;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shaharaim: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:8+)

שׁחת (šḥt): see 8845

8845 שָׁחַת (šā·ḥǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 516, 7843; TWOT 2370—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (nif) be corrupt, be marred, be ruined, i.e., pertaining to an object being in a ruined state, implying the object is now useless (Ex 8:20; Jer 13:7; 18:4+); (piel) destroy, ruin, ravage, devastate (Ge 6:17), note: destruction of animate life, see also domain LN 20.61–20.88; (hif) destroy, bring to ruin (Ge 6:13); (hof pt.) blemished, corrupted (Pr 25:26; Mal 1:14+), note: this may refer to male castration or water pollution; 2. LN 88.256–88.261 (nif) be corrupt, marred, i.e., be ruined morally and so be in an impure state, as a figurative extension of an object being in a ruined or decayed condition (Ge 6:11, 12; Eze 20:44+); (piel) become corrupt (Ex 32:7); (hif) corrupt, bring to ruin (Dt 4:25)

8846 שַׁחַת (šǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7845; TWOT 2343.1c—1. LN 1.69–1.78 slime pit, i.e., a mass of organic putrid liquid matter as a water-like body (Job 9:31+), note: for Job 9:31 cj+, see 8472; 2. LN 7.2–7.25 dungeon, i.e., an area below ground where prisoners are held (Isa 51:14+), see also domain LN 1.51–1.59; 3. LN 1.51–1.59 pit, i.e., a usually man-made hole with steep sides for capturing animals or holding captives (Ps 7:16[EB 15]; 9:16[EB 15]; 35:7; 94:13; Ps 103:4; Pr 26:27; Eze 19:4, 8; 28:8+), note: “pits” often have the associative meanings or references to trouble, death, unfavorable circumstance, etc.; 4. LN 23.205 corruption, decay, i.e., the state or action of decomposition of organic matter (Job 17:14; Ps 16:10; 49:10[EB 9]+), note: often in context this refers to a state of death; 5. LN 1.17–1.25 the Grave, Sheol, formally, the pit, i.e., a state of death and the place the dead abide as a figurative extension of a pit as a place under the ground (Job 33:18, 22, 24, 28, 30; Ps 30:10[EB 9]; Isa 38:17; Jnh 2:7[EB 6]+); 6. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: בְּאֵר שַׁחַת (beʾēr šǎ·ḥǎṯ) death, formally, pit of corruption, i.e., a state of death as a figurative extension of being in a grave below the ground where decomposition of the body occurs and the dead abide (Ps 55:24[EB 23]+), see also domain LN 23.88–23.128

8847 שִׁטָּה (šiṭ·ṭā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7848; TWOT 2371—1. LN 3.13–3.32 acacia tree, i.e., a plant or shrub of the genus Acacia (Isa 41:19; Joel 4:18[EB 3:18]+), note: some specifically identify as Acacia nilotica; 2. LN 3.60–3.67 acacia wood (Ex 25:5, 10, 13, 23, 28; 26:15, 26, 32, 37; 27:1, 6; 30:1, 5; 35:7, 24; 36:20, 31, 36; 37:1, 4, 10, 15, 25, 28; 38:1, 6; Dt 10:3+)

שׁטח (šṭḥ): see 8848

8848 שָׁטַח (šā·ṭǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7849; TWOT 2372—1. LN 15.135–15.140 (qal) spread out, disperse, i.e., cause a collection of objects or masses to go in different, diverse directions (Nu 11:32; 2Sa 17:19+); 2. LN 79.114–79.117 (qal) be exposed, uncovered, formally, spread out, i.e., be in a state of being uncovered and so open to the elements (Jer 8:2+); 3. LN 87.19–87.57 (qal) enlarge, expanding, formally, spread out, i.e., to cause high status to an object as an extension of the spreading out of a nation to more and more territory (Job 12:23+); 4. LN 16 (piel) spread out, i.e., cause an object to extend in space from a coiled or folded position (Ps 88:10[EB 9]+)

8849 שֹׁטֵט (šō·ṭēṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7850; TWOT 2344b—LN 6.26–6.28 whip, lash, scourge, i.e., a device of leather thongs configured as a flexible cord, used to punish and bring pain, often very severe (Jos 23:13+), note: in some contexts this refers to chastisement and punishment by other means as well; note: see BHS ftn for respelling as a plural

8850 שִׁטִּים (šiṭ·ṭîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7851;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shittim: campsite of Israel in Moab, E of the Jordan, (Nu 25:1; Jos 2:1; 3:1; Mic 6:5+), see also 69, 8847

שׁטף (šṭp): see 8851

8851 שָׁטַף (šā·ṭǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 7857; TWOT 2373—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) overflow, flood, engulf, be a torrent, i.e., a movement of water which has considerable force as in a flooding river, potentially sweeping an object away in its flow (2Ch 32:4; Job 14:19; Ps 69:3[EB 2],16[EB 15]; 78:20; 124:4; SS 8:7; Isa 8:8; 28:2, 17; 30:28; 43:2; 66:12; Jer 47:2; Eze 13:11, 13; 38:22; Da 11:10, 26, 40+), note: this can refer to destruction, see also domain LN 20.31–20.60 or occasionally “abundance”; (nif) be swept away (Da 11:22+); 2. LN 47.8–47.13 (qal) rinse off, wash away, i.e., the use of liquids to wash impurities off an object (Lev 15:11; 1Ki 22:38; Eze 16:9+); (nif) be rinsed (Lev 15:12+); (pual) be rinsed (Lev 6:21[EB 28]+); 3. LN 76 (qal) overwhelm, overpower, i.e., oppress or control another using force, as a figurative extension of a sweeping flood destroying an object (Isa 10:22; 28:15, 18+); 4. LN 15.230–15.237 (qal) charging, i.e., make swift, intense, powerful movement into an area, as a figurative extension of the movement of a flood sweeping over an area (Jer 8:6+)

8852 שֶׁטֶף (šě·ṭěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7858; TWOT 2373a—1. LN 14.17–14.35 torrent, flood, i.e., a large mass of water often in a river wadi or channel after a rain, with the associative meaning of being trouble and overwhelming (Job 38:25; Ps 32:6; Da 9:26; Na 1:8+); 2. LN 74 overwhelmingness, formally, a flood, i.e., a state of being potent and so able to accomplish what is endeavored, implying an overpowering force (Da 11:22+); 3. LN 78.1–78.27 intense, formally, flood, i.e., a relatively high degree of a state as a figurative extension of a torrent of water (Pr 27:4+)

שׁטר (šṭr): see 8853

8853 שָׁטַר (šā·ṭǎr): v. [see also 8854]; ≡ Str 7860; TWOT 2374a—see 8854 (qal act. ptcp.)

8854 שֹׁטֵר (šō·ṭēr): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.sing. of 8853]—1. LN 37.48–37.95 work foreman, overseer, i.e., a person who manages workers on site (Ex 5:6, 10, 14, 15, 19; Pr 6:7+); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 official, officer, i.e., a person of authority who assists in civic or military leadership (Nu 11:16; Dt 1:15; 16:18; 20:5, 8, 9; 29:9[EB 10]; 31:28; Jos 1:10; 3:2; 8:33; 23:2; 24:1; 1Ch 23:4; 26:29; 27:1; 2Ch 19:11+); 3. LN 33.35–33.68 recorder, scribe, ruling clerk, i.e., an officer in charge of writing and records (2Ch 26:11; 34:13+), see also domain LN 37.48–37.95

8855 שִׁטְרַי (šiṭ·rǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7861;—LN 93-pers. (male) (most versions) Shitrai: royal supervisor of herdsmen (1Ch 27:29+), note: for K see 9231

8856 שַׁי (šǎy): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7862; TWOT 2375—LN 57.178–57.185 tribute, gift, i.e., a present given to a governmental head as an act. of homage, submission, or respect (Ps 68:30[EB 29]; 76:12[EB 11]; Isa 18:7+)

שׁיא (šyʾ) BDB: see 8857

8857 שְׁיָא (šeyā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7864;—LN 93-pers. (male) (NJB) Shiya: scribe of King David (2Sa 20:25 K+), note: for Q (most versions), see 8737(1.)

שִׁיאוֹן (šî·ʾôn) BDB: see 8858

8858 שִׁיאֹן (šî·ʾōn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7866;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shion: town in Issachar (Jos 19:19+)

8859 I. שִׁיבָה (šî·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7871; TWOT 922b—LN 85.55–85.64 staying, i.e., reside in a place (2Sa 19:33[EB 32]+), note: Lisowsky switches 1 & 2

8860 II. שִׁיבָה (šî·ḇā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 7870; TWOT 2340b—LN 87.76–87.86 released captive, freeman, formally, restoration, i.e., one who has been in exile and is now returned to his point of origin, as a figurative extension of a state of restoration to a prior state (Ps 126:1+), see also domain LN 85.67–85.85, LN 39.52–39.61, LN 55.23–55.25; note: some sources change text to 8669, “fortunes.”

שׁיה (šyh): see 8861

8861 שָׁיָה (šā·yā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7876; TWOT 1428—LN 30.39–30.52 (qal impf.) neglect, not pay attention to, formally, forget, i.e., to not think about someone and so not respond appropriately to that one, see also domain LN 39.34–39.41 (Dt 32:18+), note: some sources change text to 5960

8862 שִׁיזָא (šî·zā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7877;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shiza: great warrior for David (1Ch 11:42+)

שׁיח (šyḥ): see 8863

8863 שִׁיחַ (šîaḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7817; TWOT 2361—1. LN 81.3–81.11 (qal) bring down, i.e., descend an object upon or into the ground (Ps 44:26[EB 25]+), note: this refers to being humbled or oppressed and in a distressed situation, note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 23.205 (qal) disintegrate away, i.e., decompose or decay a body to dust (Ps 44:26[EB 25]; La 3:20 K+), note: this refers to death; note: context is best served by “bring down, bring low” as the meaning; 3. LN 25.288–25.296 (hitpoal) downcast, heartsick, i.e., pertaining to being in an attitude or feeling of despair and low spirits, with a focus on lack of hope when focused on a distressing situation (Ps 42:6[EB 5],7[EB 6],12[EB 11]; 43:5+), see also domain LN 25.223–25.250

8864 שִׁיחָה (šî·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7882; TWOT 2343.1b—LN 1.51–1.59 pit, pitfall, i.e., a usually man-made hole, likely covered, in the ground with very steep sides, which is used to capture and contain animals or hold prisoners (Ps 57:7[EB 6]; 119:85+; Jer 18:22 K+), note: see also 8757; note: see also domain LN 6.23–6.25

8865 שִׁיחוֹר (šî·ḥôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7883;—LN 93-place (river) Shihor: body of water in NE Egypt (Jos 13:3; 1Ch 13:5; Isa 23:3; Jer 2:18+), note: some translate as a common noun, “river, canal”; also, a part of a compound name, Shihor Libnath, see 8866

8866 שִׁיחוֹר לִבְנָת (šî·ḥôr liḇ·nāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7884;—LN 93-place (River or loc.) Shihor Libnath: place or river in Asher (Jos 19:26+)

8867 שִׁיט (šîṭ): n.[masc.]—see 8766 (Isa 28:15 K+), note: for Isa 28:15 Q, see 8766; note: for a possible but contextually unlikely reading based on the MT K, see 8868

8868 שַׁיִט (šǎ·yiṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7885; TWOT 2344c—1. LN 6.41–6.51 oar, i.e., a long pole with a broad blade at one end, used as a paddle to propel a vessel through the water, as opposed to sailing by wind motion (Isa 28:15 K; 33:21+), note: for Isa 28:15 Q, see 8765; 2. LN 6.41–6.51 unit: אֳנִי־שַׁיִט (ʾǒnî-·šǎ·yiṭ) galley, i.e., a large, stately ship with oars, as opposed to a mere smaller rowboat (Isa 33:21+)

8869 שִׁילֹה (šî·lō(h)): n.pr. + suff. (2025); ≡ Str 7886;—(loc.? or pers.?) (KJV, NKJV, NASB, ASV) Shiloh (Ge 49:10+), note: NIV, RSV changes text to 8611 + 4200 + 2257; NRSV, NEB?, REB?, NJB, Tanakh, changes text to 8856 + 4200 + 2257; note: some give as an Egyptian or Akkadian “ruler;” note: for more options, see WBC2:477; note: the editor suggests this is the town Shiloh as a defective spelling and directive ה (h) of the n.pr.loc., with the following argument. The Tanakh ftn gives the literal rendering in Ge 49:10 as “Until he come to Shiloh,” referring to Judah (and his tribe in the future). The camp of Judah went first (i.e., the lead banner) in the setting out of the wanderings, Nu 10:14, and so took the forward position in the wanderings until coming to Shiloh and the final casting of lots for the land occurred thus ending the wandering, landless condition of the nation, Jos. 18:1. The second phrase suggests that the leadership would not end, but extend even to other nations.

8870 שִׁילוֹ (šî·lô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7887; TWOT 2376—LN 93-place (loc.) Shiloh: town in the hill country of Ephraim, (Jdg 21:21; Jer 7:12+), see also 8926, 8931, 8989

שִׁילוֹנִי (šî·lô·nî) BDB: see 8872 (1Ch 9:5; 2Ch 9:29; 10:15+)

שׁילל (šyll) BDB: see 8871

8871 שֵׁילָל (šê·lāl): adj.—see 8768 (Mic 1:8 K+)

8872 שִׁילֹנִי (šî·lō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7888;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shilonite: 1. pertaining to Shiloh in the hill country of Ephraim (1Ki 11:29; 12:15; 15:29; 2Ch 9:29; 10:15+) 2. pertaining to (an unknown) clan of Shiloh (1Ch 9:5; Ne 11:5+), note: oth see 1., note: for NIV text in Ne 11:5, see 8989; note: some repoint the text in 1Ch 9:5; Ne 11:5 to read “Shelanite,” see 8989

8873 שִׁימוֹן (šî·môn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7889;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shimon: of Judah (1Ch 4:20+)

שׁין (šyn): see 8874

8874 שִׁין (šîn): v.; ≡ Str 8366; TWOT 2377—1. LN 8.9–8.69 (hiftil) urinate, i.e., pass. urine out of the body (1Sa 25:22, 34; 1Ki 14:10; 16:11; 21:21; 2Ki 9:8+), see also 9282; 2. LN 9.24–9.33 unit: שִׁין בְּ־ קִיר (šîn b- qîr)1 male, formally, one who urinates on a wall (1Sa 25:22, 34; 1Ki 14:10; 16:11; 21:21; 2Ki 9:8+)

8875 שַׁיִן (šǎ·yin): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7890; TWOT 2377a—LN 8.70–8.77 urine, i.e., waste liquid secreted by the kidneys and so out of the body (2Ki 18:27 K; Isa 36:12 K+)

שֵׁין (šên) BDB: see 8875

שׁיר (šyr): see 8876

8876 I. שִׁיר (šîr): v.; ≡ Str 7891; TWOT 2378—1. LN 6.83–6.95 (qal) sing, i.e., use the voice as an instrument to voice, musical tones, rhythms, and often words (Ex 15:1), note: for qal ptcp. as noun, see 9216.5, 9222.5; (polel) sing a song (Job 36:24+), note: for polel ptcp. see as n.masc., n.fem., 5490.5, 5490.6; (hof) be sung (Isa 26:1+); 2. LN 14.74–14.86 hoot, i.e., the sound of an owl (Zep 2:14+), note: NIV translates “echo.”

8877 II. שִׁיר (šîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7892; TWOT 2378a, 2378b—1. LN 33.109–33.116 song, i.e., music including lyrics and instrumental elements (Ps 28:7), note: for MT text in 2Sa 6:5, see 1360; 2. LN 33.109–33.116 singing, i.e., the act. of using the voice in a melodic and rhythmic manner, usually expressing verbal content (2Ch 23:18); 3. LN 6.83–6.95 unit: כְּלִי (הַ־) שִׁיר (kelî (hǎ-) šîr)2 musical instrument, i.e., an object of any kind that produces a musical sound (1Ch 15:16; 16:42; 2Ch 5:13; 7:6; 23:13; 34:12; Ne 12:36; Am 6:5+); 4. LN 33.109–33.116 unit: שִׁיר הַ־ שִׁיר (šîr hǎ- šîr)2 sublime song, formally, Song of Songs, i.e., a very great song, even the greatest song (SS 1:1+)

8878 שִׁירָה (šî·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7892; TWOT 2378a—LN 33.109–33.116 song, i.e., music including lyrics and instrumental elements (Ex 15:1; Nu 21:17; Dt 31:19,21, 22, 30; 32:44; 2Sa 22:1; Ps 18:1[EB title]; Isa 5:1; 23:15; Am 8:3+), note: a song can include teaching or learning motivations

8879 שְׁיָרָה (šeyā·rā(h)): n.[fem.]—LN 15.148–15.155 caravan, i.e., a group of objects traveling together over land or sea, usually to transport goods or merchandise (Eze 27:25 cj+), note: for NIV text, see 8801

8880 שַׁיִשׁ (šǎ·yiš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7893; TWOT 2379—LN 2.29–2.48 alabaster, i.e., a fine-textured gypsum stone often found in white and marbled white and brown, used for ornamental faces and containers (1Ch 29:2+), note: NIV translates “marble,” possibly as a reference to a familiar pattern of the stone, see also 9253

8881 שִׁישָׁא (šî·šā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7894;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shisha: scribe of King David (1Ki 4:3+) note: possibly related to 8589(1.)

8882 שִׁישַׁק (šî·šǎq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7895;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shishak: king of Egypt (1Ki 11:40; 14:25; 2Ch 12:2, 5,7, 9+), for K in 1Ki 14:25, see 8810

שׁית (šyt): see 8883

8883 I. שִׁית (šîṯ): v.; ≡ Str 7896; TWOT 2380—1. LN 85.32–85.54 (qal) place, put, set, i.e., lay an object in a space (Ge 48:14; 1Sa 2:8); 2. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) place, put, set, make, ordain, establish, i.e., cause an event or condition to happen (Ge 3:15); 3. LN 49 (qal) put on, i.e., place objects on the body as a part of clothing or adorning (Ex 33:4); 4. LN 16 (qal) turn, i.e., make non-linear movement which changes direction (Nu 24:1); 5. LN 33.161–33.177 (qal) demand, impose, formally, set forth, i.e., make a request which is not to be denied, as a figurative extension of placing or putting an object in a space (Ex 21:22); (hof) be demanded, imposed (Ex 21:30+); 6. LN 25.68–25.79 (qal) set, apply, place, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of devotion, with corresponding action, as a figurative extension of the physical setting forth of an object (Pr 22:17; 24:32); 7. LN 30.39–30.52 unit: (qal) שִׁית לֵב (šîṯ lēḇ) pay attention, have regard, formally, place to the heart, i.e., think and give regard to a situation, implying a proper response (1Sa 4:20), note: further study may yield more domains

8884 II. שִׁית (šîṯ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7897; TWOT 2380a—1. LN 6.152–6.187 an outfit, formally, a garment, i.e., a set of garments worn for a co-ordinated fashion look (Pr 7:10+), note: in context the selection and appearance of the clothing worn are a signal of a life-style and other behaviors; 2. LN 41.29–41.43 unit: עָטַף שִׁית (ʿā·ṭǎp̄ šîṯ)2 practice, manifest, formally, mantle with a garment, i.e., have a particular pattern of behavior as a figurative extension of putting on clothes (Ps 73:6+)

8885 שַׁיִת (šǎ·yiṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7898; TWOT 2380c—LN 3.13–3.32 thorn-bushes, briers, brambles, i.e., any of a kind of shrubs and bushes with woody tines and thorns which easily scratch and pierce soft tissue (Isa 5:6; 7:23, 24, 25; 9:17[EB 18]; 10:17; 27:4+)

שֹׁךְ (šōḵ): n.[masc.]—see 8494 or 8896 (Jer 5:26+)

שׁכב (škb): see 8886

8886 שָׁכַב (šā·ḵǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7901; TWOT 2381—1. LN 17.26–17.28 (qal) lie down, i.e., be or become in a horizontal position (Jdg 5:27); (hif) make lie down or over, place in a horizontal position (2Sa 8:2; 1Ki 3:20; 17:19; 2Ki 4:21; 2Ch 16:14; Job 38:37+); (hof) lying, be laid down (2Ki 4:32; Eze 32:19, 32+); 2. LN 23.78–23.87 (qal) rest, sleep, be in a state of inactivity either awake and resting, or in a sleep state, usually in a horizontal position on a bed or mat (Lev 14:47; Pr 6:10; 2Sa 11:13), note: in some contexts this “rest” can refer to a death state; (hif) lie down in rest (Hos 2:20+); 3. LN 23.61–23.65 (qal) lie with, sleep with, i.e., have sexual intercourse (either proper, improper, or forbidden), as a figurative extension of being in a horizontal position, or going to bed to rest (Ge 19:32); (nif) be slept with (Isa 13:16 Q; Zec 14:2 Q+); (pual) be slept with (Jer 3:2 Q+), note: for Dt 28:30 K; Isa 13:16 K; Zec 14:2 K; Jer 3:2 K, see 8711

שְׁכָבָה (šeḵā·ḇā(h)) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8887, 8888

שְׁכָבָּה (šeḵāb·bā(h)) Lisowsky: see 8888

8887 שִׁכְבָה (šiḵ·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7902; TWOT 2381a—1. LN 23.46–23.60 unit: שִׁכְבָה זֶרַע (šiḵ·ḇā(h) zě·rǎʿ) emission, discharge, formally, lying of seed, i.e., the act. of sending forth a male seminal discharge, with a focus on the semen as the product discharged (Lev 15:16, 17, 18, 32; 22:4+), see also domain LN 23.61–23.65, LN 8.70–8.77; 2. LN 23.61–23.65 unit: שָׁכַב אֵת (šā·ḵǎḇ ʾēṯ) … שִׁכְבָה זֶרַע (šiḵ·ḇā(h) zě·rǎʿ) sexual relations, intercourse, formally, lie with a [wo]man, [and have] an emission, i.e., the physical act. of copulation with a partner (Lev 19:20; Nu 5:13+); 3. LN 2.7–2.13 unit: שִׁכְבָה הַ־ טַל (šiḵ·ḇā(h) hǎ- ṭǎl) dew, formally, layer of dew, i.e., condensed moisture from the atmosphere as a natural occurrence of weather (Ex 16:13, 14+), see also domain LN 14.17–14.35

8888 שְׁכֹבֶת (šeḵō·ḇěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7903; TWOT 2381b—1. LN 17.26–17.28 lying, i.e., the act. of being in a lying stance, horizontal on a mat, bed, or couch (Lev 18:20, 23; 20:15; Nu 5:20+), note: in these contexts, with a sexual partner; 2. LN 23.61–23.65 unit: נָתַן שְׁכֹבֶת (nā·ṯǎn šeḵō·ḇěṯ)[Lisowsky:- ZERA(] sexual relations, intercourse, formally, give a lying [with seed], i.e., the physical act. of copulation with a partner (Lev 18:20, 23; 20:15; Nu 5:20+)

שׁכה (škh): see 8889

8889 שָׁכָה (šā·ḵā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7904; TWOT 2382—1. LN 88.271–88.282 (hif ptcp.) virile, potent, lusty, formally, exhibiting strong testicles, i.e., pertaining to having a very strong, animalistic, adulterous, sexual desire as a figurative extension of large or enlarged testicles on a creature (Jer 5:8+), see also domain LN 23.61–23.65; 2. LN 23.188–23.196 (NIV) (hif ptcp.) well-fed, i.e., pertaining to a general state of growing and health, a necessary condition for breeding (Jer 5:8+)

8890 שְׁכוֹל (šeḵôl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7908; TWOT 2385a—1. LN 25.223–25.250 forlornness, sadness, i.e., a sad, lonely, emotionally isolated state of distress (Ps 35:12+), note: for Ps 35:12 cj+, see 8495; 2. LN 23.88–23.128 bereavement, loss of children, i.e., the state or condition of a parent losing children to death, a state associated with a needy class of persons (Isa 47:8, 9+), see also domain LN 10.14–10.48

שָׁכוּל (šā·ḵûl) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8892

8891 שַׁכּוּל (šǎk·kûl): adj.; ≡ Str 7909; TWOT 2385b, 2385c—1. LN 57.232–57.248 robbed of offspring, i.e., pertaining to the stealing of offspring by kidnapping, and so as a result no longer be in the presence of the offspring (2Sa 17:8; Pr 17:12; Hos 13:8+); 2. LN 10.49–10.52 single, i.e., pertaining to one as a unit of offspring (SS 4:2; 6:6+), note: in context, animal that often, though not as a rule, gives multiple births of offspring; 3. LN 23.88–23.128 bereaved, i.e., pertaining to a state or condition of a parent losing children to death (Jer 18:21+), see also domain LN 10.14–10.48

8892 שְׁכוּלָה (šeḵû·lā(h)): adj.; ≡ Str 7909; TWOT 2385b—LN 23.88–23.128 (fs) bereaved, losing children, i.e., pertaining to a parent losing children to death, a state sometimes associated with a needy class of persons (Isa 49:21+), see also domain LN 10.14–10.48

שָׁכוּר (šā·ḵûr) Lisowsky: see 8912

8893 שִׁכּוֹר (šik·kôr): adj. [see also 8893.5]; ≡ Str 7910; TWOT 2388b—LN 88.283–88.288 drunken, i.e., pertaining to being intoxicated with excess alcohol (1Sa 25:36; 1Ki 16:9; 20:16; Jer 23:9+)

שִׁכּוֹר (šik·kôr): n.masc. [served by 8893]; ≡ Str 7910; TWOT 2388b—1. LN 88.283–88.288 drunkenness, i.e., being in a state of intoxication from excess alcohol (1Sa 1:13+); 2. LN 88.283–88.288 drunkard, i.e., a person who is intoxicated with excess alcohol either as an event, or as an on-going process which characterizes a person (Job 12:25; Ps 107:27; Pr 26:9; Isa 19:14; 24:20; 28:1, 3; Joel 1:5+)

שׁכח (škḥ): see 8894

8894 שָׁכַח (šā·ḵǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7911; TWOT 2383—LN 29.13–29.15 (qal) forget, ignore, overlook, be unmindful, i.e., not remember information and so lose sight of its significance, implying no proper response or an improper response in some contexts (Ge 27:45; Dt 4:9); (nif) be forgotten (Ge 41:30; Dt 31:21; Job 28:4; Ps 9:19[EB 18]; 31:13[EB 12]; Ecc 2:16; 9:5; Isa 23:15, 16; 65:16; Jer 20:11; 23:40; 50:5+); (piel) make forget (La 2:6+); (hif) make forget (Jer 23:27+); (hitp) be forgotten (Ecc 8:10 MT+), note: for Ps 137:5 cj, see 4171; note: for NIV text in Ecc 8:10, see 8655

8895 שָׁכֵחַ (šā·ḵēaḥ): adj.; ≡ Str 7913; TWOT 2383a—LN 30.39–30.52 forgetting, i.e., not think about or respond properly as an extension of not remembering information (Ps 9:18[EB 17]; Isa 65:11+), note: for forgetting as disobedience, see domain LN 36.12–36.30

שׁכךְ (škk): see 8896

8896 שָׁכַךְ (šā·ḵǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 7918; TWOT 2384—1. LN 81.3–81.11 (qal) recede, i.e., be in a lower spatial position (Ge 8:1+), note: in context this refers to the lowering of a mass of water; 2. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) subside, abate, recede, i.e., the ceasing or near ceasing of an intense state or condition (Est 2:1; 7:10+); (hif) get rid of, cause to abate (Nu 17:20[EB 5]+); 3. LN 39.51 (qal) hide, i.e., bend low so as to not be seen by game, so as to ambush the animals (Jer 5:26+), note: for a focus on the actual low position of the person, see also domain LN 17.29–17.33, for focus on hunting, see also domain LN 44; note: some parse as n.masc. “hunter’s blind,” see 8885.5, 8494

שׁכל (škl): see 8897

8897 שָׁכַל (šā·ḵǎl): v.; ≡ Str 7921; TWOT 2385—1. LN 23.88–23.128 (qal) be bereaved, lose a child, be childless, i.e., be a parent (animal or man) with one or more dead children, who are out of the womb (Ge 27:45; 43:14; 1Sa 15:33a+); (piel) bring bereavement, make childless (Ge 42:36; Lev 26:22; Dt 32:25; 1Sa 15:33a; Jer 15:7; La 1:20; Eze 5:17; 14:15; 36:12, 13, 14; Hos 9:12+); 2. LN 23.46–23.60 (piel) suffer miscarriage, i.e., the spontaneous expulsion of a fetus from the womb of a creature (Ge 31:38; Ex 23:26; Job 21:10+), note: the miscarriage can be due to neglect in care of the gestating female; (hif) miscarry (Jer 50:9 v.r.; Hos 9:14+), note: some sources parse as n.fem., see also 5437; note: for Jer 50:9 v.r., see 8505; 3. LN 23.197–23.204 (piel) be unproductive, formally, miscarry, abort, i.e., not grow and produce harvestable fruit, as a figurative extension of a miscarriage or natural abortion of a fetus (2Ki 2:19, 21; Mal 3:11+)

שָׁכֹל (šā·ḵōl) BDB: see 8897

8898 שִׁכֻּלִים (šik·kǔ·lîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 7923; TWOT 2385d—LN 23.88–23.128 bereavement, loss of children, i.e., the state or condition of a parent losing children to death, a state associated with a needy class of persons, with a possibility for more children (Isa 49:20+), see also domain LN 10.14–10.48

שׁכם (škm): see 8899

8899 שָׁכַם (šā·ḵǎm): v.; ≡ Str 7925; TWOT 2386—1. LN 67.163–67.200 (hif) do early in the morning, get up, rise, i.e., take an action early in the day (Ps 127:2), note: including such actions as rising from sleep, traveling, work, etc.; 2. LN 68.11–68.21 repeat, do again and again, i.e., have an activity or event continue as a succession of events (in points of time) which occur several to many times, implying eagerness in an action (2Ch 36:15; Jer 7:13, 25; 11:7; 25:3, 4; 26:5; 29:19; 32:33; 35:14, 15; 44:4; Zep 3:7+)

8900 I. שְׁכֶם (šeḵěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7926, 7929; TWOT 2386a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 shoulder, i.e., the area of the lower neck and collar-bone, to the shoulder joint, as the area that can carry burdens (Ge 9:23; 21:14; 24:15, 45; 49:15; Ex 12:34; Jos 4:5; Jdg 9:48; Job 31:22, 36; Ps 81:7[EB 6]; Isa 9:3[EB 4],5[EB 6]; 10:27; 14:25; 22:22+); 2. LN 1.46–1.50 ridge, formally, shoulder, i.e., an elevated range of land (Ge 48:22+); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 upper back, i.e., the posterior of the human body (Ps 21:13[EB 12]+); 4. LN 63.5–63.8 unit: שְׁכֶם אֶחָד (šeḵěm ʾě·ḥāḏ) in unity, formally, one shoulder, i.e., pertaining to serving in a unified or unanimous manner (Zep 3:9+), note: NIV translates “shoulder to shoulder,” see also domain LN 31.14–31.25; 5. LN 81.25–81.29 unit: מִן שְׁכֶם ־ֹו וְ־ מַעַל ־ָה (min šeḵěm ō-w w- mǎ·ʿǎl ā-(h))2 a head taller, i.e., a measurement of head from the neck to the top of the head, with a focus on an impressive prominence of height (1Sa 9:2; 10:23+); 6. LN 16 unit: פָּנָה ־ֹו שְׁכֶם (pā·nā(h) ō-w šeḵěm)1 turn around, i.e., turn one’s back on an object (1Sa 10:9+)

8901 II. שְׁכֶם (šeḵěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7927; TWOT 2386b—LN 93-place (loc.) Shechem: town on border of Manasseh and Ephraim (Ge 12:6; Jos 21:21; Jdg 9:1–57 passim; 1Ki 12:1)

8902 III. שְׁכֶם (šeḵěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7927; TWOT 2386b—LN 93-pers. (male) Shechem: son of Hamor (Ge 33:19–34:26 passim; Jos 24:32; Jdg 9:28+)

8903 שֶׁכֶם (šě·ḵěm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7928;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shechem: 1. of Manasseh (Nu 26:31; Jos 17:2+), see also 8904 2. second born of Shemida (1Ch 7:19+), note: possibly same as 1.

שִׁכְמָה (šiḵ·mā(h)) BDB: see 8900 + 2025

8904 שִׁכְמִי (šiḵ·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7930;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shechemite: pertaining to Shechem of Manasseh (Nu 26:31+), see also 8903(1.)

שׁכן (škn): see 8905

8905 שָׁכַן (šā·ḵǎn): v.; ≡ Str 7931, 7933; TWOT 2387a—1. LN 85.67–85.85 (qal) dwell, live among, inhabit, abide, stay, remain, camp, i.e., to live or reside in a place, usually for a relatively long amount of time (Ge 9:27), note: also see other sections of LN 85; 2. (piel) make to dwell, make a home (Nu 14:30; Dt 12:11; 14:23; 16:2,6,11; 26:2; Ne 1:9; Ps 78:60; Jer 7:3,7,12+), note: for a focus on the construction of a dwelling place, see also LN 45; (hif) cause to dwell, settle in, set up a dwelling, place, put, set up (Ge 3:24; Jos 18:11; Job 11:14; Ps 7:6[EB 5]; 78:55; Eze 32:4+), note: this can refer to building a construction, see also domain LN 45; this can refer to death (Ps 7:6[EB 5]); this can refer to have something happening in your life (Job 11:14); 3. LN 11.90–11.95 unit: שָׁכַן בְּ־ אֹהֶל (šā·ḵǎn b- ʾō·hěl)1 nomad, i.e., a group of persons who have a life-style of living and moving in tents, often for pasturage for flocks and herds (Jdg 8:11), note: Ps 68:19 some sources translate as “to submit” referring to the rebellious being under an authority

8906 שֵׁכֶן (šē·ḵěn): n.masc.—LN 85.67–85.85 dwelling, i.e., the act. of living in a certain space (Dt 12:5+), note: many sources parse as 8905 piel

8907 שָׁכֵן (šā·ḵēn): adj.; ≡ Str 7934; TWOT 2387b—1. LN 11.55–11.89 neighbor, i.e., a person who lives in relatively close proximity in a neighborhood, implied to be of the same nation or race (Ex 3:22; 12:4; Ru 4:17; 2Ki 4:3; Ps 31:12[EB 11]; Pr 27:10; Jer 6:21; 49:10+), see also domain LN 85.67–85.85; 2. LN 11.55–11.89 foreign peoples, i.e., nations and peoples that live nearby the homeland of the subject (Dt 1:7; Ps 44:14[EB 13]; 79:4, 12; 80:7[EB 6]; 89:42[EB 41]; Jer 12:14; Eze 16:26+); 3. LN 11.55–11.89 inhabitant, i.e., one who lives in a certain town or nation (Isa 33:24; Hos 10:5+), see also domain LN 85.67–85.85; 4. LN 83.23–83.32 close proximity, i.e., a position quite close to another position (Jer 49:18; 50:40+)

שָׁכֵן (šā·ḵēn) BDB: see 8905

8908 שְׁכַנְיָה (šeḵǎn·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7935;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shecaniah: 1. of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:21, 22; Ezr 8:3+) 2. see 8909(1.) 3. see 8909(2.) 4. returnee from captivity with Ezra (Ezr 8:5+) 5. father-in-law of the Tobiah (Ne 6:18+) 6. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:2+) 7. returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:3+), note: for MT text in Ne 12:14, see 8676(6.) 8. father of Shemaiah (Ne 3:29+), note: possibly same as 1., see also 8909

8909 שְׁכַנְיָהוּ (šeḵǎn·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7935;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shecaniahu (Shecaniah NIV): 1. priest of the 10th course (1Ch 24:11+) 2. priest in the days of Hezekiah (2Ch 31:15+), see also 8908

שׁכר (škr): see 8910

8910 שָׁכַר (šā·ḵǎr): v.; ≡ Str 7937; TWOT 2388—1. LN 88.283–88.288 (qal) become drunk, drink to one’s fill, intoxicated, i.e., freely or festively drink alcohol and so be under its influence to varying degrees (Ge 9:21; 43:34; Isa 29:9; 49:26; Jer 25:27; La 4:21; Na 3:11+), note: in various contexts there are associative meanings (or references) common to the appearance of a drunk person: giddiness, incapacitation, lack of clear thinking, sickness, weakness, staggering, intensity of degree or amount, etc.; (piel) make drunk (2Sa 11:13; Isa 63:6; Jer 51:7; Hab 2:15+); (hif) make drunk (Dt 32:42; Jer 48:26; 51:39, 57+); (hitp) behave drunken (1Sa 1:14+); 2. LN 23.1–23.39 (qal) drink to one’s fill, i.e., consume a sufficient quantity of liquid (SS 5:1; Hag 1:6+)

8911 שֵׁכָר (šē·ḵār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7941; TWOT 2388a—1. LN 6.197–6.202 fermented drink, beer, i.e., any drink made of fruit or grain which is potentially intoxicating, when drunk in excess (Lev 10:9; Nu 6:3, 3; Dt 14:26; 29:5[EB 6]; Jdg 13:4, 7, 14; 1Sa 1:15; Pr 20:1; 31:4, 6; Isa 5:11, 22; 24:9; 28:7; 29:9; 56:12; Mic 2:11+), note: “strong drink” as a translation may give the idea that this was a distilled liquor of high-proof alcohol, of which there is no evidence for in the ancient biblical world, and so is not recommended as a translation choice; note: in context, usually this is contrasted and compared to alcohol grape drink, “wine,” suggesting this is often a grain-class of alcohol, “beer;” note: Isa 29:9, “mixed drink,” refers to the mixing of two kinds of drink (e.g, date and cider drink) or other taste enhancers such as myrrh; 2. LN 53.16–53.27 libation offering, i.e., a drink offering of a tasty fruit or grain alcohol (Nu 28:7+); 3. LN 88.283–88.288 unit: שָׁתָה שֵׁכָר (šā·ṯā(h) šē·ḵār) drunkard, formally, one drinking fermented drink (Ps 69:13[EB 12]+)

8912 שָׁכֻר (šā·ḵǔr): adj. [BDB: qal pass.ptcp. of 8910]; ≡ Str 7937; TWOT 2388—LN 88.283–88.288 drunken, made drunk, i.e., pertaining to being intoxicated with excess alcohol (Isa 51:21+), note: in context this refers to weakness, stupor, or lack of being able to respond

שִׁכֹּר (šik·kōr) BDB: see 8893, 8893.5

שִׁכְּרוֹן (šik·kerôn) BDB: see 8914

8913 I. שִׁכָּרוֹן (šik·kā·rôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7943; TWOT 2388c—LN 88.283–88.288 drunkenness, i.e., a state of intoxication from alcohol, with a focus on being helpless or sorrowful and in a stupor and uncomfortable (Jer 13:13; Eze 23:33; 39:19+), note: in these contexts the drunkenness refers to judgments

8914 II. שִׁכָּרוֹן (šik·kā·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7942;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shikkeron: town in Judah (Jos 15:11+)

8915 שַׁל (šǎl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7944; TWOT 2389.1—LN 88.289–88.318 sin, error, accidental wrong-doing, i.e., an act. of transgression of the will of God, implying either a rash, imprudent act., or an irreverent act. (2Sa 6:7+), note: one cannot know Uzzah’s motivation, but there is nothing in the text to suggest an evil motivation; note: (KJV, NKJV, ASV) error; (NIV, NASB) irreverent act.;(NEB) rash act.;(REB) imprudent action; (Tanakh) indiscretion; (LXX, RSV, NJB, NRSV, NAB) delete or change text?

שֶׁל (šěl) BDB: see 8611

8916 שַׁלְאֲנַן (šǎl·ʾǎnǎn): adj.; ≡ Str 7946; TWOT 2304a—LN 22.42–22.47 at ease, secure, tranquil, i.e., pertaining to a favorable state or condition or persons, free of trouble and so have feelings of security (Job 21:23 MT+), note: NIV keeps this text, though some MSS and sources change text to 8633, see BHS ftn; see Gesenius’ Lexicon for similar word formations; see also domain LN 25.80–25.84

שַׁלְאֲנָן (šǎl·ʾǎnān) BDB: see 8916

שׁלב (šlb): see 8917

8917 שָׁלַב (šā·lǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 7947; TWOT 2390—LN 18.12–18.23 (pual) joined, butted, i.e., be connected and fastened, possibly by means of interconnecting notches or braces (Ex 26:17; 36:22+), note: the frames are set end-to-end and joined by butting up to one another, note: NIV translates “set parallel.”

8918 שָׁלָב (šā·lāḇ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7948; TWOT 2390a—LN 7.26–7.53 (pl.) joining-bar, i.e., a framing piece which helps hold together a frame, and attach decorative items to the frame (1Ki 7:28, 29+), note: in context this could be a vertical (NIV) “uprights,” or (Holladay, NJB, ASV, KJV) “crosspiece, cross-bar, ledge” as an upper horizontal bar; (NKJV, NEB, REB, NAB, NASB, RSV, NRSV) translates as a more general “frames,” see also domain LN 6.14–6.22

שְׁלַבִּים (šelǎb·bîm) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8918

שׁלג (šlg): see 8919

8919 שָׁלַג (šā·lǎḡ): v.; ≡ Str 7949; TWOT 2391—LN 14.10–14.14 (hif impf.) snow fall, i.e., to have snow fall as frozen, white, flaky, precipitation (Ps 68:15[EB 14]+), see also domain LN 14.17–14.35

8920 I. שֶׁלֶג (šě·lěḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7950; TWOT 2391a—1. LN 2.7–2.13 snow, i.e., frozen, white, flaky precipitation as a natural event of weather, often with a focus on the white color of snow, and have the associative meaning of purity in a few contexts (Ex 4:6; Nu 12:10; 2Ki 5:27; Job 9:30 Q; 37:6; 38:22; Ps 51:9[EB 7]; 147:16; 148:8; Pr 25:13; 26:1; 31:21; Isa 1:18; 55:10; Jer 18:14; La 4:7+), note: Job 9:30, see also 8921; note: in Job 9:30 meaning is based on the Q reading of the preceding word as 928 + 4784; 2. LN 2.7–2.13 ice water, i.e., melted snow as a form of water (Job 6:16; 24:19+); 3. LN 14.1–14.3 unit: שֶׁלֶג הַ־ יוֹם (šě·lěḡ hǎ- yôm)1 snowy day, i.e., a day of cold, precipitous weather, forcing animals into burrows, pits, or cisterns (2Sa 23:20; 1Ch 11:22+)

8921 II. שֶׁלֶג (šě·lěḡ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7950; TWOT 2391a—LN 2 soapwort, soap, i.e., a cleansing agent made from the soapwort plant of the genus Saponaria (Job 9:30+), note: this is based on the K reading for the preceding word, 1198; note: NIV translates “soap;” note: though “snow” or “ice-water” is a possible correct meaning (see also 8920), context favors “soap” as parallel to 1342; see also domain LN 6.197–6.202

שׁלה (šlh) KB, Holladay: see 8922, 8923

שׁלה (šlh)[1] Lisowsky: see 8922

שׁלה (šlh)[2] Lisowsky: see 8923

8922 I. שָׁלָה (šā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7951; TWOT 2392—1. LN 22.42–22.47 (qal) be at ease, be secure, have peace, i.e., be in a favorable circumstance, and so have lack of strife or trouble, implying peace, prosperity, and ease of life (Job 3:26; 12:6; Ps 122:6; Jer 12:1; La 1:5+); 2. LN 30.39–30.52 (nif) be negligent, formally, be at ease, not give proper thought, attendance, and concern to a task or office as a figurative extension of being in comfortable circumstance and having the good life, and so not think of one’s duties or work (2Ch 29:11+); 3. LN 25.146–25.155 (hif) lull, soothe, i.e., cause one to have a feeling or attitude of comfort or encouragement, implying the comfort may not be warranted in a situation (2Ki 4:28+), note: NIV translates “raise hopes”

8923 II. שָׁלָה (šā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 7952, 7953; TWOT 2393—LN 13.48–13.68 (qal impf.) take away, i.e., cause a change of state as an extension of extracting or drawing out an object from a space (Job 27:8+), note: in context cause to change to a state of death

8924 I. שֵׁלָה (šē·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7956;—LN 33.161–33.177 petition, request, asking, i.e., the content of an appeal or solicitation for a certain action from a superior or one able to enact the request (1Sa 1:17+), note: see also 8629; note: NIV translates as pronoun “what” to apparently focus on the content aspect of the meaning

8925 II. שֵׁלָה (šē·lā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7956;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shelah: son of Judah (Ge 38:5, 11, 14, 26; 46:12; Nu 26:20; 1Ch 2:3; 4:21+), see also 8989

8926 שִׁלֹה (ši·lō(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7887; TWOT 2376—LN 93-place (loc.) Shiloh: town in the hill country of Ephraim, (Jos 18:1, 8, 9, 10; 19:51; 21:2; 22:9, 12; Jdg 18:31; 21:12; 1Sa 1:3, 9; 2:14; 3:21; 4:3, 4, 12; 1Ki 2:27; 14:2, 4; Jer 26:6; 41:5), see also 8870; also part of a compound name, Taanath Shiloh, see 9304

8927 שַׁלְהֶבֶת (šǎl·hě·ḇěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7957; TWOT 1077c—1. LN 2.3–2.6 flame, i.e., the gaseous burning part of a fire (Job 15:30; Eze 21:3[EB 20:47]+); 2. LN 2.3–2.6 unit: לֶהָבָה שַׁלְהֶבֶת (lě·hā·ḇā(h) šǎl·hě·ḇěṯ) consuming flame, i.e., a very strong flame of a fire, with a focus on its destructive qualities (Eze 21:3[EB 20:47]+), see also 8928

8928 שַׁלְהֶבֶתְיָה (šǎl·hě·ḇěṯ·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7957; TWOT 1077c—LN 2.3–2.6 (NIV) mighty flame, i.e., a very strong flame as a figurative extension of a flame of the LORD; (KJV, NKJV, RSV) vehement flame; (NRSV) raging flame; (NAB, Tanakh) blazing flame; (NEB, REB) fierce flame (SS 8:6+), note: some translations translate more formally as, (ASV) flame of Jehovah, (NASB) flame of the LORD; (NJB) flame of Yahweh; note: see also 8927

שָׁלֵו (šā·lēw) BDB: v.—see 8922

8929 שָׁלֵו (šā·lēw): adj.; ≡ Str 7961; TWOT 2392c—LN 25.80–25.84 at ease, carefree, quiet, relieved, i.e., pertaining to a state or condition of satisfaction in one’s circumstances in life, implying a sufficient prosperity (1Ch 4:40; Job 16:12; 20:20; 21:23; Ps 73:12; Jer 49:31; Eze 23:42; Zec 7:7+), see also domain LN 57.22–57.24

8930 שָׁלוּ (šā·lû): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7959; TWOT 2392a—LN 25.80–25.84 secure feeling, ease, unconcern, i.e., be in a condition or state of satisfaction in one’s circumstances in life (Ps 30:7[EB 6]+), see also domain LN 57.22–57.24

8931 שִׁלוֹ (ši·lô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7887; TWOT 2376—LN 93-place (loc.) Shiloh: town in the hill country of Ephraim, (Jdg 21:19; 1Sa 1:24; 3:21; 14:3; Ps 78:60; Jer 7:14; 26:9+), see also 8870

8932 שַׁלְוָה (šǎl·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7962; TWOT 2392d—1. LN 21.9–21.13 security, i.e., a state or condition of being safe from danger or peril (Ps 122:7+); 2. LN 25.80–25.84 ease, quiet, relief, i.e., a state or condition of satisfaction in one’s circumstances in life, implying a sufficient prosperity (Pr 17:1; Jer 22:21; Da 8:25; 11:21, 24+), see also domain LN 57.22–57.24; 3. LN 88.246–88.251 complacency, thoughtlessness, i.e., a state or condition of improper satisfaction in one’s circumstances in life, implying a sufficient prosperity which responds with unresponsiveness to the needy or any other necessary principles or practices (Pr 1:32; Eze 16:49+)

שְׁלוּחָה (šelû·ḥā(h)) BDB: see 8943

8933 שִׁלּוּחִים (šil·lû·ḥîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 7964; TWOT 2394b—1. LN 57.71–57.124 dowry, wedding gifts, i.e., a farewell gift to the bride by the father to the bride (1Ki 9:16+); 2. LN 15.34–15.74 sending away, i.e., cause another to go in linear movement to a place away from the subject (Ex 18:2+), note: for another interp, see next; 3. LN 34.66–34.78 divorce, i.e., the act. of dissolving the marriage bond (Ex 18:2+); 4. LN 57.71–57.124 parting gift, farewell present, i.e., a gift given to an associate as a good-bye gift (Mic 1:14+), note: this refers to the losing of a town or territory by force

8934 שָׁלוֹם (šā·lôm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 3073, 7965; TWOT 2401a—1. LN 22.42–22.47 peace, prosperity, i.e., an intact state of favorable circumstance (1Sa 1:17); 2. LN 59.23–59.34 completeness, i.e., the state of a totality of a collection (Jer 13:19); 3. LN 21.9–21.13 safeness, salvation, i.e., a state of being free from danger (Ge 28:21); 4. LN 23.129–23.141 health, i.e., a state of lack of disease and a wholeness or well-being (Ps 38:4[EB 3]); 5. LN 25.80–25.84 satisfaction, contentment, i.e., the state of having one’s basic needs or more being met and so being content (Ex 18:23); 6. LN 34.1–34.21 friend, companion, i.e., one who has an association with another with affection or regard (Jer 20:10); 7. LN 88.66–88.74 blessing, i.e., the content of the act. of giving kindness to another (Jer 16:5); 8. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: יהוה שָׁלוֹם (yhwh) Yahweh is Peace, i.e., the name of an altar (Jdg 6:24); 9. LN 12.1–12.42 unit: שַׂר שָׁלוֹם (śǎr šā·lôm) Prince of Peace, i.e., the name of messiah (Isa 9:5[EB 6]), note: for NIV text in Ps 69:23[EB 22], see 8936

8935 שַׁלּוּם (šǎl·lûm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7967;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shallum: 1. assassin of King Zechariah (2Ki 15:10, 13, 14, 15+) 2. son of King Josiah, another name for King Jehoahaz of Judah (1Ch 3:15; Jer 22:11+), see also 3407(2.), 3370(3.) 3. husband of the prophetess Huldah (2Ki 22:14; 2Ch 34:22+) 4. of Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:40, 41+) 5. of Simeon (1Ch 4:25+) 6. priest and one of the ancestors of Ezra (1Ch 5:38[EB 6:12],39[EB 6:13]; Ezr 7:2+) 7. son of Naphtali (1Ch 7:13+), note: for NIV text, see 8973 8. gatekeeper who was a returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:42; Ne 7:45+) 9. Levite gatekeeper (1Ch 9:17,19, 31+) see also 5453, 8983(1.) 10. father of Jehizkiah (2Ch 28:12+) 11. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:24+) 12. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:42+) 13. wall builder (Ne 3:12+), note: same as 8937 14. see 8937 15. uncle of the prophet Jeremiah (Jer 32:7+) 16. father of the keeper of the threshold (Jer 35:4+)

8936 שִׁלּוּם (šil·lûm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7966; TWOT 2401h—1. LN 38.14–38.20 retribution, reckoning, i.e., an act. of just repayment negative or positive (Isa 34:8; Hos 9:7+), note: for MT text in Ps 69:23[EB 22], see 8934; 2. LN 57.172–57.177 bribe, gift, i.e., a present given to influence an outcome or hire services, possibly with a specific quid pro quo (Mic 7:3+)

8937 שַׁלּוּן (šǎl·lûn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7968;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shallun: wall builder (Ne 3:15+), see also 8935(13.)

שִׁלוֹנִי (ši·lô·nî) BDB: see 8872

שָׁלוֹשׁ (šā·lôš) BDB: see 8993

שׁלח (šlḥ): see 8938

8938 שָׁלַח (šā·lǎḥ): v.; ≡ Str 7971; TWOT 2394—1. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) send out, dispatch, i.e., have an object leave an area by linear motion to another place, usually for a purpose (1Ki 5:28); (qal pass.) be sent (Ge 32:19[EB 18]; 1Ki 14:6; Jer 49:14; Eze 3:5; 23:40b+); (nif) be sent (Est 3:13+); (piel) send away (Ge 8:7); (pual) be sent away (Ge 44:3; Pr 17:11; Isa 50:1; Da 10:11; Ob 1+); (hif) send out, cause a messenger or entity to go out (Ex 8:17[EB 21]; Lev 26:22; 2Ki 15:37; Eze 14:13; Am 8:11+), note: this can refer to an event happening, see also domain LN 13.104–13.163; 2. LN 16 (qal) reach out, stretch out, i.e., the non-linear movement of a limb extending from a source (Ex 4:4); (qal pass.) be stretched out (Eze 2:9+); (piel) extend (Pr 31:20), note: the extension of the hand often refers taking an action, either in violence or help; 3. LN 37.127–37.138 (qal pass.) be set free, i.e., be released from the control of another (Ge 49:21+); (piel) let go, release (Lev 14:7); 4. LN 15.245 (qal) shoot, hurl, i.e., make a missile fly through the air, not under its own power (Ps 18:15[EB 14]); 5. LN 15.1–15.17 (piel) let stray, i.e., allow an object to wander to another area (Ex 22:4[EB 5]); 6. LN 23.188–23.196 (piel) let grow, i.e., have something become larger or longer (Eze 44:20), note: referring here to hair; 7. LN 68.34–68.57 (piel) end, stop, i.e., have an activity end or cease (Job 39:3); 8. LN 34.66–34.78 (piel) give a child in marriage, formally, send out, i.e., arrange a wedding for a child (Jdg 12:9); 9. LN 34.66–34.78 (piel) divorce, formally, send away, i.e., no longer be in a socially recognized marriage relationship (Dt 21:14); 10. LN 19.43–19.54 (pual) be thrust, i.e., pertaining to a pressing, pushing motion propelling oneself or another object (Jdg 5:15; Job 18:8; Isa 16:2+); 11. LN 35.54–35.56 (pual) be abandoned, desert, forsake, be left alone, i.e., not have attendance or care of an object, which may include physically leaving an area (Pr 29:15; Isa 27:10+), note: further study may yield more domains

8939 I. שֶׁלַח (šě·lǎḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7973; TWOT 2394a—LN 6.29–6.40 weapon, i.e., an implement of any kind used for war or fighting, offense or defense, including a sword or javelin (2Ch 23:10; 32:5; Ne 4:11[EB 17],17[EB 23]; Job 33:18; 36:12; Joel 2:8+), note: for SS 4:13, see 8945; note: some sources strictly translate “javelin, dart,” as a throwing weapon

8940 II. שֶׁלַח (šě·lǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7975;—LN 93-place (loc.) (reservoir of) Siloam: an artificial water pool at the meeting of the Kidron and Tyropeon valleys in Jerusalem (Ne 3:15+), note: same as 8942, q.v.; note: some translate this as “water conduit” (Ne 3:15+), and not a n.pr.

8941 III. שֶׁלַח (šě·lǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7974;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shelah: of Shem (Ge 10:24; 11:12, 13, 14, 15; 1Ch 1:18,24+)

8942 שִׁלֹחַ (ši·lōaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7975;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shiloah: an artificial water pool at the meeting of the Kidron and Tyropeon valleys in Jerusalem (Isa 8:6+), note: same as 8940, q.v.

8943 שְׁלֻחוֹת (šelǔ·ḥôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 7976; TWOT 2394c—LN 3.47–3.59 tendril, shoot, branch, i.e., the part of a plant that branches from the central body or trunk of a plant (Isa 16:8+)

8944 שִׁלְחִי (šil·ḥî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7977;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shilhi: father-in-law of King Asa (1Ki 22:42; 2Ch 20:31+)

8945 שְׁלָחִים (šelā·ḥîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 7973; TWOT 2394a—LN 3.1 plants, i.e., any of various kinds of herb-plants, exotic-trees, aromatic-shrubs, flowering-plants, et cetera, (SS 4:13+), note: in context, these are plants in a closed, private garden and so may refer to the inner person or personality; other sources believe it to refer to an organ of the physical body such as the skin or womb

8946 שִׁלְחִים (šil·ḥîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7978;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shilhim: town in S Judah (Jos 15:32+), possibly same as 9139(2.)

8947 שֻׁלְחָן (šǔl·ḥān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7979; TWOT 2395a—LN 6.106–6.117 table, i.e., a piece of furniture, usually with legs and a flat surface, often used for meal presentations, though in some contexts this is merely a mat or cover that can be spread out (1Sa 20:29; Isa 65:11)

שׁלט (šlṭ): see 8948

8948 שָׁלַט (šā·lǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 7980; TWOT 2396—1. LN 37.48–37.95 (qal) overpower, lord over, get the upper hand, i.e., dominate and have power or authority over another in some political or governing action (Ne 5:15; Est 9:1; Ecc 8:9+); (hif) let rule (Ps 119:133+); 2. LN 37.1–37.32 (qal) control, rule over, i.e., have full use and command of objects, which is nevertheless not exactly a possession one permanently owns (Ecc 2:19+); 3. LN 74 (hif) enable, empower, i.e., cause an ability or potency for an action or state/condition (Ecc 5:18[EB 19]; 6:2+)

8949 שֶׁלֶט (šě·lěṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7982; TWOT 2397a—LN 6.29–6.40 small round shield, i.e., a defensive weapon to stop weapons and blows, usually made of thick, oiled, leather (2Sa 8:7; 2Ki 11:10; 1Ch 18:7; 2Ch 23:9; SS 4:4; Jer 51:11; Eze 27:11+), note: in some contexts this can refer to ornamental shields made of other materials

8950 שִׁלְטוֹן (šil·ṭôn): adj. [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 7983; TWOT 2396b—LN 37.1–37.32 supremacy, mastery, i.e., pertaining to ultimate control of a situation (Ecc 8:4, 8+)

שַׁלָּטֶת (šǎl·lā·ṭěṯ) BDB: see 8951

8951 שַׁלֶּטֶת (šǎl·lě·ṭěṯ): adj.; ≡ Str 7986; TWOT 2396c—LN 88.223–88.226 headstrong, domineering, brazen, imperious, i.e., pertaining to arrogant, contemptuous boldness, with a focus that person has an ungovernable, stubborn will, shamelessly refusing to change one’s behavior (Eze 16:30+)

8952 שְׁלִי (šelî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7987; TWOT 2392b—LN 28.57–28.67 privateness, i.e., a state or condition of being in a secluded, non-public situation, with another person, or alone, but with a focus that this is a condition where information will not be shared (2Sa 3:27+)

8953 שִׁלְיָה (šil·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7988; TWOT 2393a—LN 8.70–8.77 afterbirth, i.e., the placenta and fetal membranes that are expelled after birthing-delivery (Dt 28:57+)

שָׁלֵיו (šā·lêw): see 8929

שְׁלֵיו (šelêw): see 8929

8954 שַׁלִּיט (šǎl·lîṭ): n.masc. [BDB: adj.]; ≡ Str 7989; TWOT 2396a—1. LN 37.48–37.95 governor, i.e., a ruler of an area and its people (Ge 42:6; Ecc 7:19; 10:5+); 2. LN 74 power, formally, ruler, i.e., the ability to control a natural force (Ecc 8:8+)

8955 I. שָׁלִישׁ (šā·lîš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7991; TWOT 2403e, 2403f, 2403g—LN 81.20–81.24 a unit of measure dry or liquid, i.e., the third part of some now unknown (likely larger) measure (Ps 80:6[EB 5]; Isa 40:12+), note: NIV translates “bowlful, basketful”

8956 II. שָׁלִישׁ (šā·lîš): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7991; TWOT 2403e—LN 6.83–6.95 (most versions) musical instrument, i.e., something that makes music, somehow related to the number three, so three corners, three strings, three parts (1Sa 18:6+), note: NIV, “lutes;” NAB, NJB, Tanakh, “sistrum” (i.e., percussion); NEB?, “dancing;” REB, “three-stringed instrument;” LXX, “cymbals;” oth, “triangles;” note: though tentative, a three-stringed plucked lyre or harp is the likely identification

8957 III. שָׁלִישׁ (šā·lîš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7991; TWOT 2403e—LN 55.14–55.22 officer, captain, i.e., a military leader of various capacities and authority, but often with a focus on the chariot divisions of an army (Ex 14:7; 15:4; 1Ki 9:22; 2Ki 7:2, 17, 19; 9:25 Q; 10:25; 15:25; 1Ch 11:11 Q; 12:19[EB 18] Q; 2Ch 8:9; Eze 23:15, 23+), note: in some contexts it can refer a man actually in a chariot; note: Pr 22:20 v.r., for NIV text see 9001

8958 שְׁלִישִׁי (šelî·šî): number; ≡ Str 7992; TWOT 2403b—1. LN 60.50 third, i.e., an ordinal number, of being third in a series involving time, space, or set (1Sa 3:8); 2. LN 60.63 one-third, 1/3, i.e., a fractional part of an object, series, or mass (Zec 13:8)

שְׁלִישִׁית (šelî·šîṯ) BDB: num.adj.fem.—see 8958

שׁלךְ (šlk): see 8959

8959 שָׁלַךְ (šā·lǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 7993; TWOT 2398—1. LN 15.215–15.221 (hif) throw, hurl, scatter, i.e., cause objects to make linear motion in any direction, often implying intensity or violence (Ge 37:20), note: the uses of this action vary greatly; (hof) be thrown, be cast (2Sa 20:21; 1Ki 13:24, 25, 28; Ps 22:11[EB 10]; Isa 14:19; 34:3; Jer 14:16; 22:28; 36:30; Eze 16:5; 19:12; Da 8:11+), note: Ps 22:11[EB 10] likely refers to bonding relationship with a birthing parent; Da 8:11 refers to being overthrown or humbled; 2. LN 34.42–34.94 unit: שָׁלַךְ אַחַר גַּו (šā·lǎḵ ʾǎ·ḥǎr gǎw) rejection, formally, thrust behind the back, i.e., no longer have a relationship as before (1Ki 14:9; Ne 9:26; Eze 23:35+); 3. LN 40.8–40.13 unit: שָׁלַךְ אַחַר גַּו (šā·lǎḵ ʾǎ·ḥǎr gǎw) forgive, formally, place behind the back, i.e., a figurative extension of putting a wrong out of sight (Isa 38:17+)

8960 שָׁלָךְ (šā·lāḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 7994; TWOT 2398a—LN 4.38–4.46 large bird, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; (most versions) cormorant, or, (NKJV, NEB, REB) fisher-owl (Lev 11:17; Dt 14:17+), note: Holladay possibly identifies as fish-catching owl, Ketupa zeylonensis

8961 I. שַׁלֶּכֶת (šǎl·lě·ḵěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7995; TWOT 2398b—LN 19.14–19.26 cutting down, i.e., the act. of felling a tree (Isa 6:13+)

8962 II. שַׁלֶּכֶת (šǎl·lě·ḵěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7996;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shalleketh Gate: an entrance area (1Ch 26:16+)

שׁלל (šll) Lisowsky: see 8963, 8964

שׁלל (šll)[1] KB, Holladay: see 8963

שׁלל (šll)[2] KB, Holladay: see 8964

8963 I. שָׁלַל (šā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 7997; TWOT 2399, 2400—LN 16 (qal) pull out, remove, i.e., the non-linear motion of removing an object from collection of objects (Ru 2:16+), note: in context, grain stalks from a bundle

8964 II. שָׁלַל (šā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 7997; TWOT 2399—LN 57.232–57.248 (qal) plunder, loot, seize possessions, steal possessions from a defeated enemy, the defeat and control of the people being plundered (Isa 10:6; Jer 50:10; Eze 26:12; 29:19; 38:12, 13; 39:10; Hab 2:8; Zec 2:12[EB 8]+); (hitpolel) be plundered, become a victim of plundering (Ps 76:6[EB 5]; Isa 59:15+)

8965 שָׁלָל (šā·lāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7998; TWOT 2400a—1. LN 57.232–57.248 war-booty, plunder-spoils, i.e., objects taken by victor after a battle or war, implying defeat of the enemy (1Sa 14:30); 2. LN 5.1–5.22 prey, i.e., that which is food to a predator (Ge 49:27; Isa 10:2), note: NIV translates “plunder.”; 3. LN 57.1–57.21 goods, property, i.e., possessions of value (Est 3:13; 8:11; Pr 31:11); also part of a compound name, Maher-Shalal-Hash-Baz, see 4561; 4. LN 21.14–21.16 unit: נֶפֶשׁ ־ֹו לְ־ שָׁלָל (ně·p̄ěš ō-w l- šā·lāl) escape with life, formally, his soul as booty, i.e., become safe from danger of death (Jer 21:9; 38:2; 39:18; 45:5+)

שׁלם (šlm): see 8966, 8971

שָׁלַם (šā·lǎm): v. [BDB]—see 8966

8966 I. שָׁלֵם (šā·lēm): v.; ≡ Str 7999; TWOT 2401c—1. LN 68.22–68.33 (qal) be finished, be completed (1Ki 7:51; 2Ch 5:1; 8:16; Ne 6:15; Isa 60:20+); (piel) fulfill, complete (1Ki 9:25); (pual) be fulfilled (Ps 65:2[EB 1]+); (hif) cause to fulfill, finish, bring to an end (Job 23:14; Isa 38:12, 13; 44:26, 28+), note: for focus on the mode or obligation of a fulfillment, see also domain LN 71.21–71.33; for a focus on the happening of an event, see also domain LN 13.104–13.163; 2. LN 20.12–20.30 (qal) remain sound, remain healthy, be unscathed, not be harmed (Job 9:4+); 3. LN 13.48–13.68 (piel) restore, i.e., bring to a previous, preferable state (Job 8:6); 4. LN 57.152–57.171 (piel) repay, make restitution, i.e., receive compensation of money or goods for a loss (Ex 21:34); 5. LN 38.14–38.20 (piel) give recompense, i.e., mete out a just penalty or reward (1Sa 24:20[EB 19]; Jer 32:18); (pual) be repaid, receive recompense (Pr 11:31; 13:13; Jer 18:20+), note: for MT text in Dt 32:35, see 8972; note: some sources parse 2Ch 8:16 as 8969; note: for “make covenant of peace,” see also 8971; note: further study may yield more domains

שַׁלֻּם (šǎl·lǔm): n.pr.—see 8935

8967 שְׁלָם (šelām): n.masc.—LN 33.278–33.280 agreement, consent, i.e., the act. of concurring or approving a proposition, and so being in harmony with the proposition (Ezr 4:7+), note: most versions read as a proper name of a man, for more complete discussion, see 1420

8968 שֶׁלֶם (šě·lěm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8002; TWOT 2401b—LN 53.16–53.27 fellowship offering, i.e., an offering for alliance or friendship in fulfillment of a promise or vow (1Sa 10:8), note: this offering may also be given for other uses

8969 II. שָׁלֵם (šā·lēm): adj.; ≡ Str 8003; TWOT 2401d—1. LN 68.22–68.33 completely, fully, richly, i.e., pertaining to what is fully accomplished (Ge 15:16; Ru 2:12+); 2. LN 21.9–21.13 safe, i.e., pertaining to not being in danger (Ge 33:18+); 3. LN 34.1–34.21 friendly, i.e., pertaining to being in a relatively close association, personal or governmental (Ge 34:21; Na 1:12+); 4. LN 72.12–72.22 accurate, i.e., pertaining to that which is true to an accepted norm or standard (Dt 25:15; Pr 11:1+); 5. LN 59.23–59.34 whole, i.e., pertaining to the totality of a collection (Am 1:6, 9; Dt 27:6; Jos 8:31; 1Ki 6:7+), note: in context, refers to towns, and whole, uncut stone; 6. LN 25.33–25.58 fully devoted, i.e., have a great love and zeal, implying obedience (1Ki 8:61; 11:4; 15:3, 14; 2Ki 20:3; 1Ch 12:39[EB 38]; 28:9; 29:9, 19; 2Ch 15:17; 16:9; 19:9; 25:2; Isa 38:3+), note: some sources parse 2Ch 8:16 as 8966

8970 III. שָׁלֵם (šā·lēm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8004;—LN 93-place (loc.) Salem: town or area over which Melchizedek was king, in some contexts possibly related to Jerusalem (Ge 14:18; Ps 76:3[EB 2]+), see also 3731

8971 IV. שָׁלֵם (šā·lēm): v.—1. LN 34.1–34.21 (qal) be at peace, i.e., be in an agreement of relationship between parties, with a focus that there is a lack of hostility, and a possible implication of relationship or affection (Job 22:21; Ps 7:5[EB 4]+), note: this can refer to political, religious, or personal agreements; note: for a focus on peaceful behavior, see also domain LN 88.102–88.104; (qal pass.) peaceful (2Sa 20:19+), note: for another parsing as an adjective, see 8971.5; (hif) make peace, make a treaty of peace (Dt 20:12; Jos 10:1, 4; 11:19; 2Sa 10:19; 1Ki 22:45[EB 44]; 1Ch 19:19; Pr 16:7+); (hof) live in peace (Job 5:23+); 2. LN 25.68–25.79 (pual) committed, devoted, formally, be in a covenant of peace, i.e., pertaining to a feeling or attitude of devotion and earnestness to an object, as a figurative extension of being in a treaty of peace with another (Isa 42:19+)

שָׁלֹם (šā·lōm) Holladay: see 8934

שָׁלֻם (šā·lǔm): adj. [oth qal pass. of 8966]—see 8966 (2Sa 20:19+)

8972 I. שִׁלֵּם (šil·lēm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8005; TWOT 2401e—LN 38.14–38.20 recompense, retribution, i.e., an act. of just repayment negative or positive (Dt 32:35+), note: for NIV text, (also Isa 59:18) see 8966 (piel)

8973 II. שִׁלֵּם (šil·lēm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8006;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shillem: son of Naphtali (Ge 46:24; Nu 26:49+), note: for MT text in 1Ch 7:13, see 8935(7.), see also 8980

שִׁלֻּם (šil·lǔm): see 8936 Hos 9:7

8974 שִׁלֻּמָה (šil·lǔ·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8011; TWOT 2401h—LN 38.1–38.13 punishment, retribution, i.e., the act. of giving a penalty, implying a suffering in the act. (Ps 91:8+)

8975 שַׁלָּמָה (šǎl·lā·mā(h)): c.; ≡ Str 4100; TWOT 1149—LN 89.39–89.54 (marker of result) lest, so that … not, i.e., a marker of a negative result (SS 1:7+), note: many parse as 8611 + 4200 + 4537

8976 שְׁלֹמֹה (šelō·mō(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8010; TWOT 2401i—LN 93-pers. (male) Solomon: son of David-Bathsheba (2Sa 5:14; 12:24; 1Ki 1:10–14:26 passim; 2Ch 1:1–13:7 passim), see also 3354

8977 שְׁלֹמוֹת (šelō·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8013;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shelomoth: 1. Levite in the time of David (1Ch 23:9+) 2. another Levite of David’s time (1Ch 24:22+), see also 8984(3.) 3. of Moses (1Ch 26:25 K,26, note: for Q in verse 25, see 8984, for NIV text in verse 26, see 8984)

8978 שַׁלְמַי (šǎl·mǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8073;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shalmai: ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 7:48+, Ezr 2:46 Q); Salmai in Tanakh, for K or v.r. see 8518, 9036

8979 שְׁלֹמִי (šelō·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8015;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shelomi: of Asher (Nu 34:27+)

8980 שִׁלֵּמִי (šil·lē·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8016;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shillemite: pertaining to Shillem (Nu 26:49+), see also 8973

8981 שְׁלֻמִיאֵל (šelǔ·mî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8017;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shelumiel: of Simeon, census assistant for Moses (Nu 1:6; 2:12; 7:36, 41; 10:19+)

8982 שֶׁלֶמְיָה (šě·lěm·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8018;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shelemiah: 1. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:39+) 2. father of a wall builder (Ne 3:30+) 3. treasurer priest (Ne 13:13+) 4. father of one sent by King Zedekiah to Jeremiah (Jer 37:3+) 5. father of one sent to arrest Jeremiah (Jer 37:13+), see also 8983

8983 שֶׁלֶמְיָהוּ (šě·lěm·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8018;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shelemiahu (Shelemiah NIV): 1. gatekeepers in the time of David (1Ch 26:14+), see also 5452, 5453, 8935(9.) 2. see 8982(1.) 3. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:41+) 4. see 8982(2.) 5. see 8982(3.) 6. ancestor of courier sent to Baruch (Jer 36:14+) 7. see 8982(4.) 8. father of Jucal (Jer 38:1+) 9. son of Abdeel (Jer 36:26+), see also 5452, 5453, 8982,

8984 I. שְׁלֹמִית (šelō·mîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8019;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shelomith: 1. see 8985(1.) 2. see 8985(2.) 3. Levite of David’s time (1Ch 23:18+), see also 8984(2.). 4. son of King Rehoboam (2Ch 11:20+) 5. returnee from captivity with Ezra (Ezr 8:10) 6. son of Shimei (1Ch 23:9 K), note: for Q, see 8984 7. son of Zichri (1Ch 26:25, 28+), note: for Q in 26:26, see 8977(3.); see also 8985

8985 II. שְׁלֹמִית (šelō·mîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8019;—LN 93-pers. (female) Shelomith: 1. mother of one stoned for blaspheming (Lev 24:11+) 2. daughter of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:19+), see also 8984

8986 שַׁלְמַן (šǎl·mǎn): n.pr. [BDB: or LOC.]; ≡ Str 8020;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shalman: foreign king (Hos 10:14+)

שַׁלְמָן (šǎl·mān) BDB: see 8986

8987 שַׁלְמַנְאֶסֶר (šǎl·mǎn·ʾě·sěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8022;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shalmaneser: king of Assyria (2Ki 17:3; 18:9+)

שַׁלְמֹן (šǎl·mōn) BDB: see 8988

8988 שַׁלְמֹנִים (šǎl·mō·nîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8021; TWOT 2401f—LN 57.172–57.177 gifts, bribes, i.e., a present given to influence an outcome or hire services, possibly with a specific quid pro quo (Isa 1:23+)

8989 שֵׁלָנִי (šē·lā·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8023, 8024;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shelanite: pertaining to Shelah (Nu 26:20+), see also 8925(2.), note: for MT text in Ne 11:5, see 8872

שִׁלֹנִי (ši·lō·nî) BDB: see 8872

שׁלף (šlp): see 8990

8990 שָׁלַף (šā·lǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 8025; TWOT 2402—1. LN 16 (qal) draw out, brandish, i.e., the non-linear motion of removing a sword or knife from a scabbard, implying a readiness of action for fighting (Jdg 3:22; 8:10, 20; 9:54; 20:2, 15, 17, 25, 35, 46; 1Sa 17:51; 31:4; 2Sa 24:9; 2Ki 3:26; 1Ch 10:4; 21:5+); (qal pass.) drawn (Nu 22:23, 31; Jos 5:13; 1Ch 21:16+); 2. LN 16 (qal) remove, i.e., a non-linear motion of removing an object off the body, such as a sandal off the foot (Ru 4:7, 8+); 3. LN 16 (qal) pull out, separate, i.e., remove an object from its targeted mass, such as when an arrow is pulled out from a body (Job 20:25+); 4. LN 23.188–23.196 (qal) grow, i.e., the action of a living plant becoming larger and more rooted (Ps 129:6+)

8991 שֶׁלֶף (šě·lěp̄): n.pr. [Holladay: LOC.]; ≡ Str 8026;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sheleph: of Shem, son of Joktan (Ge 10:26; 1Ch 1:20+)

שׁלשׁ (šlš): see 8992

שְׁלֹשׁ (šelōš) Lisowsky: see 8993

8992 שָׁלַשׁ (šā·lǎš): v.; ≡ Str 8027; TWOT 2403—1. LN 60.46–60.61 (piel) have a third thing happen, i.e., pertaining to being third in a series of time, space, or set as an ordinal number (1Ki 18:34[EB 33a],34b+), note: this can be an action or event; (pual) thirdly, third-part (Eze 42:6+), note: for MT text in 1Sa 1:24, see 8993; Eze 21:19[EB 14], see 8958; 2. LN 60.10–60.45 (piel) be three, i.e., be of the cardinal number three (Ecc 4:12+); 3. LN 63.23–63.27 (piel) divide into thirds, i.e., separate an object or path into three parts (Dt 19:3+); 4. LN 67.163–67.200 (piel) be third day, i.e., pertaining to a day which occurs the day after tomorrow, as a definite unit of time (1Sa 20:19+); 5. LN 67.163–67.200 (pual) third, third-part, i.e., pertaining a three-year-old object, as a definite unit of time (Ge 15:9+)

שָׁלִשׁ (šā·liš) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8955, 8957

8993 שָׁלֹשׁ (šā·lōš): number; ≡ Str 7969; TWOT 2403a—1. LN 60.12 three, i.e., a cardinal number (1Sa 2:21); 2. LN 60.50 third, i.e., an ordinal number, of being third in a series involving time, space, or set (1Ki 15:28); 3. LN 60.63 one-third, 1/3, i.e., a fractional part of an object, series, or mass (1Sa 13:21); 4. LN 60.62–60.66 unit: שְׁלֹשָׁה עִשָּׂרוֹן (šelō·šā(h) ʿiś·śā·rôn) three-tenths, i.e., a fractional part of an object, series, or mass (Lev 14:10; Nu 15:9; 28:12, 20, 28; 29:3, 9, 14+); 5. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: שָׁלֹשׁ עֶשְׂרְה (šā·lōš ʿěśre(h)) thirteenth, an ordinal number of being thirteenth in a series involving time, space, or set (Ge 4:14); 6. LN 60.1–60.9 unit: שְׁנַיִם שָׁלֹשׁ (šenǎ·yim šā·lōš) several, an undetermined number, formally, two or three, i.e., an indefinite number of persons greater than two (2Ki 9:32; Isa 17:6; Am 4:8), see also 9001; note: for NIV text in 1Sa 1:24, see 8992

שֶׁלֶשׁ (šě·lěš) BDB: see 8994

8994 שֵׁלֶשׁ (šē·lěš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8028;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shelesh: of Asher (1Ch 7:35+)

שִׁלֵּשׁ (šil·lēš) BDB: v.—see 8992, a see 9000

שְׁלֹשָׁה (šelō·šā(h)): n.fem.—see 8993 (Ex 25:32)

8995 שָׁלִשָׁה (šā·li·šā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8031;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shalisha: area through which Saul passed (1Sa 9:4+); also part of a compound name, Baal Shalishah, see 1264

8996 שִׁלְשָׁה (šil·šā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8030;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shilshah: of Asher (1Ch 7:37+)

8997 שִׁלְשׁוֹם (šil·šôm): adv.; ≡ Str 8032; TWOT 2403c—1. LN 67.17–67.64 unit: תְּמוֹל שִׁלְשׁוֹם (temôl šil·šôm) formerly, before, in the past, formally, yesterday and day before, i.e., pertaining to a point in time prior to another time (Ge 31:2, 5; Ex 4:10; 5:7, 8, 14; Jos 3:4; 4:18; Ru 2:11; 2Ki 13:5; Pr 22:20 K+); 2. LN 67.17–67.64 unit: אֶתְמוֹל שִׁלְשׁוֹם (ʾěṯ·môl šil·šôm) formerly, before, in the past, i.e., formally, yesterday and day before, i.e., pertaining to a point in time prior to another time (1Sa 4:7; 10:11; 14:21; 19:7+); 3. LN 67.17–67.64 unit: גַּם תְּמוֹל גַּם שִׁלְשׁוֹם (gǎm temôl gǎm šil·šôm) formerly, before, in the past, i.e., formally, yesterday and day before, i.e., pertaining to a point in time prior to another time (2Sa 3:17; 1Ch 11:2+); 4. LN 67.17–67.64 unit: גַּם אֶתְמוֹל גַּם שִׁלְשׁוֹם (gǎm ʾěṯ·môl gǎm šil·šôm) formerly, before, in the past, i.e., formally, yesterday and day before, i.e., pertaining to a point in time prior to another time (2Sa 5:2+); 5. LN 41.29–41.43 unit: מִן תְּמוֹל שִׁלְשׁוֹם (min temôl šil·šôm) in the habit, i.e., pertaining to a pattern of behavior, with a focus on past behaviors (Ex 21:29, 36; 1Sa 21:6[EB 5]+); 6. LN 13.104–13.163 unit: לֹא שָׂנֵא מִן תְּמוֹל שִׁלְשׁוֹם (lō(ʾ) śā·nē(ʾ) min temôl šil·šôm) without malice aforethought, formally, not hate from the past, i.e., pertaining to something that “just happens” without any intent, so concluded to be an accident (Dt 4:42; 19:4, 6; Jos 20:5+), see also domain LN 30.53–30.55 for its opposite of “intention”

8998 שָׁלִשִׁי (šā·li·šî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 7991; TWOT 2403e—LN 55.14–55.22 (as a title) the Three, i.e., a ruling body of three persons of high rank (2Sa 23:8, 18+), note: some sources think this refers to a permanent supreme command of the militia army (each in charge of a third of the army)

8999 שְׁלִשִׁיָּה (šeli·šiy·yā(h)): n.pr. [BDB: adj. number]; ≡ Str 7992; TWOT 2403b—LN 93-place (loc.) Shelishiyah: part of a compound name, Eglath Shelishiyah, see 6326

9000 שִׁלֵּשִׁים (šil·lē·šîm): adj. [n.masc.]; ≡ Str 8029; TWOT 2403h—LN 60.50 third, i.e., an ordinal pertaining to the third of a series of time, space, or set (Ge 50:23; Ex 20:5; 34:7; Nu 14:18; Dt 5:9+), note: in context, this refers to a third generation of a race or individual children; note: some give part of speech as n.masc., and translate “third generation,” so referring to grandchildren and great-grandchildren, see also domain LN 10.14–10.48

שִׁלֵּשִׁים (šil·lē·šîm): n.masc.—see 9000 pl.

9001 שְׁלֹשִׁים (šelō·šîm): number; ≡ Str 7970; TWOT 2403d—1. LN 60.26 thirty, i.e., pertaining to a cardinal number (1Sa 9:22), see also 8993, note: for MT text in Pr 22:20, see 8957; 2. LN 60.46–60.61 thirtieth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number, as 30th in a series involving time, space, or set (Eze 1:1); 3. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: שְׁלֹשִׁים וְ־ אֶחָד (šelō·šîm w- ʾě·ḥāḏ) thirty-first, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number, as 31st in a series involving time, space, or set (1Ki 16:23); 4. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: שְׁלֹשִׁים וְ־ שְׁנַיִם (šelō·šîm w- šenǎ·yim) thirty-second, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number, as 32nd in a series involving time, space, or set (Ne 5:14); 5. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: שְׁלֹשִׁים וְ־ חָמֵשׁ (šelō·šîm w- ḥā·mēš) thirty-fifth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number, as 35th in a series involving time, space, or set (2Ch 15:19); 6. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: שְׁלֹשִׁים וְ־ שֵׁשׁ (šelō·šîm w- šēš)1 thirty-sixth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number, as 36th in a series involving time, space, or set (2Ch 16:1); 7. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: שְׁלֹשִׁים וְ־ שֶׁבַע (šelō·šîm w- šě·ḇǎʿ)1 thirty-seventh, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number, as 37th in a series involving time, space, or set (2Ki 13:10); 8. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: שְׁלֹשִׁים וְ־ שְׁמֹנֶה (šelō·šîm w- šemō·ně(h)) thirty-eighth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number, as 38th in a series involving time, space, or set (1Ki 16:29); 9. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: שְׁלֹשִׁים וְ־ תֵּשַׁע (šelō·šîm w- tē·šǎʿ) thirty-ninth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number, as 39th in a series involving time, space, or set (2Ki 15:13)

שִׁלְשֹׁם (šil·šōm) BDB: see 8997

9002 שִׁלְתָּה (šil·tā(h)): n.pr.—LN 93-place (loc.) Shiltah: a site in Dan (Jos 19:42 cj+), note: the LXX approximately transliterates “Silatha;” note: for MT text, see 3849

9003 שַׁלְתִּיאֵל (šǎl·tî·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7597;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shealtiel: father of Zerubbabel (Hag 1:12, 14; 2:2+), see also 8630

9004 שָׁם (šām): adv.; ≡ Str 3074, 8033; TWOT 2404—1. LN 83.1–83.4 here, i.e., a marker of a position which is relatively near to the speaker (Ex 24:12); 2. LN 83.1–83.4 there, i.e., a marker of a position which is relatively far from the speaker (1Sa 1:22); 3. LN 83.5–83.8 where, i.e., a marker of an indefinite position, without a particular focus of being either near or far in relation to the speaker (Ge 2:11); 4. LN 91.13 See how!, Note!, Behold!, i.e., a discourse marker of attention (Ps 36:13[EB 12]); 5. LN 83.5–83.8 unit: שָׁם ־ָה (šām ā-(h))2 wherever, i.e., a marker of an indefinite and/or unrestricted position, without a particular focus of being either near or far in relation to the speaker (Dt 30:1), note: for MT text in 2Ch 1:5 (qal), see 8492; note: Ge 49:24 some sources (NIV text?) change text to 9005, see BHS ftn

9005 I. שֵׁם (šēm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8034; TWOT 2405—1. LN 33.126–33.133 name, i.e., the proper designation of a person, place, or thing (Ge 2:11); 2. LN 28.28–28.56 renown, fame, known, reputation, i.e., information that one knows about another, implied to give high status to the one of renown (1Ch 12:31), see also domain LN 87.4–87.18; 3. LN 12.1–12.42 the Name, i.e., a title of the true God (Lev 24:16); 4. LN 28.28–28.56 unit: אִישׁ שֵׁם (ʾîš šēm)1 well-known person, i.e., a person known in the community, with a generally favorable view, and so has high status (Nu 16:2), see also domain LN 87.4–87.18; 5. LN 33.126–33.133 unit: קָרָא שֵׁם (qā·rā(ʾ) šēm)1 give a name, name, formally, to call a name, i.e., ascribe a name to a person, place or thing, often with an implication of having authority over the object (Ge 3:20); 6. LN 53.53–53.64 unit: קָרָא בְּ־ שֵׁם יהוה (qā·rā(ʾ) b- šēm yhw(h)) worship the LORD, formally, call on the name of Yahweh, to perform words and acts of worship to Deity (Ge 13:4); 7. LN 30.86–30.107 unit: קָרָא בְּ־ שֵׁם (qā·rā(ʾ) b- šēm)1 choose, formally, call on the name, i.e., to select one over another for a task or skill (Ex 31:2; 35:30); 8. LN 28.28–28.56 unit: טָמֵא הַ־ שֵׁם (ṭā·mē(ʾ) hǎ- šēm)1 infamous, formally, unclean of name, i.e., be well known in a negative way (Eze 22:5); 9. LN 33.262–33.273 unit: שֵׁם רַע (šēm rǎʿ)1 bad name, of bad reputation, i.e., what is said about another person, good or bad (Dt 22:14, 19; Ne 6:13)

9006 II. שֵׁם (šēm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8035;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shem: son of Noah (Ge 5:32–11:11 passim; 1Ch 1:4, 17, 24+)

9007 שַׁמָּא (šǎm·mā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8037;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shamma: 1. of Asher (1Ch 7:37+) 2. (Shammah NIV): great warrior for David (2Sa 23:11+), see also 9015(4.)

9008 שֶׁמְאֵבֶר (šěm·ʾē·ḇěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8038;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shemeber: king of Zeboiim (Ge 14:2+)

9009 שִׁמְאָה (šim·ʾā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8039;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shimeah: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:32+), see also 9010

9010 שִׁמְאָם (šim·ʾām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8043;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shimeam: of Benjamin (1Ch 9:38+), see also 9009

9011 שַׁמְגַּר (šǎm·gǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8044;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shamgar: delivering judge (Jdg 3:31; 5:6+)

שׁמד (šmd): see 9012

9012 שָׁמַד (šā·mǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 8045; TWOT 2406—LN 20.31–20.60 (nif) be destroyed, decimated, perished, overthrown, exterminated, i.e., pertaining to being in a totally ruined state, which can include death of a person or extinction of an entity (Ge 34:30; Dt 4:26, 26; 7:23; 12:30; 28:20, 24, 45, 51, 61; Jdg 21:16; 2Sa 21:5; Ps 37:38; 83:11[EB 10]; 92:8[EB 7]; Pr 14:11; Isa 48:19; Jer 48:8, 42; Eze 32:12; Hos 10:8+); (hif) destroy, demolish, bring to ruin, annihilate, wipe out, get rid of (Dt 2:12)

שָׁמֶד (šā·měḏ) BDB: see 9013

9013 שֶׁמֶד (šě·měḏ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8106;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shemed: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:12+)

9014 I. שַׁמָּה (šǎm·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8047; TWOT 2409d—1. LN 25.251–25.269 horror, i.e., something ugly and terrible to look at, and so an object or event of scorn (Dt 28:37; 2Ch 29:8; 30:7; Jer 5:30; 25:9, 18; 29:18; 42:18; 44:12; 49:17; 51:37, 41+); 2. LN 25.251–25.269 horror, i.e., an emotional personal state of fear (Jer 8:21+); 3. LN 20.31–20.60 desolation, devastation, i.e., the result of being laid waste (2Ki 22:19; 2Ch 36:21; Ps 46:9[EB 8]; 73:19; Isa 5:9; 13:9; 24:12; Jer 2:15; 4:7; 18:16; 19:8; 25:11, 38; 44:22; 46:19; 48:9; 49:13; 50:3, 23; 51:29, 43; Eze 23:33; Hos 5:9; Joel 1:7; Mic 6:16; Zep 2:15; Zec 7:14+), note: 2Ch 36:21 some parse (with the article) as 9037 hof

9015 II. שַׁמָּה (šǎm·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8048;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shammah: 1. of Esau (Ge 36:13, 17; 1Ch 1:37+) 2. brother of David (1Sa 16:9; 17:13+), see also 9055(1.), 9056, 9059(3.) 3. a great warrior for David (2Sa 23:25+), see also 9016, 9021 4. another warrior for David (2Sa 23:33+), see also 9007(2.)

שָׁמָּה (šām·mā(h)) BDB: see 9004 + 2025

שֻׁמָה (šǔ·mā(h)) BDB: n.pr.masc.—see 9092

9016 שַׁמְהוּת (šǎm·hûṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8049;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shamhuth: great warrior for David (1Ch 27:8+), possibly see also 9021

9017 שְׁמוּאֵל (šemû·ʾēl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8050;—LN 93-pers. (male) Samuel: 1. judge, priest, and prophet just prior to united kingdom (1Sa 1:20–28:20 passim; 1Ch 6:12[EB 27],13[EB 28],18[EB 33]; 9:22; 11:3; 26:28; 29:29; 2Ch 35:18; Ps 99:6; Jer 15:1+) 2. (Shemuel NIV) of Simeon, son of Ammihud (Nu 34:20+) 3. of Issachar (1Ch 7:2+)

שְׁמוֹנֶה (šemô·ně(h)) BDB: see 9046

9018 שַׁמּוּעַ (šǎm·mûaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8051;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shammua: 1. of Reuben, an explorer (Nu 13:4+) 2. son of David (2Sa 5:14; 1Ch 14:4+), see also 9055(2.) 3. Levite in Nehemiah’s day (Ne 11:17+) 4. priest in Nehemiah’sing. day (Ne 12:18+)

9019 שְׁמוּעָה (šemû·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8052; TWOT 2412d—1. LN 33.189–33.217 message, report, news, i.e., information (positive or negative), often from another geographical area, or even a divine source, which is announced to others (1Sa 2:24; 4:19; 2Sa 4:4; 13:30; 1Ki 2:28; 10:7; 2Ki 19:7; 2Ch 9:6; Ps 112:7; Pr 15:30; 25:25; Isa 28:9, 19; 37:7; 53:1; Jer 10:22; 49:14, 23; Eze 21:12[EB 7]; Da 11:44; Ob 1+); 2. LN 28.57–28.67 rumor, gossip, hearsay, i.e., information which is able to be known, but not verified as true (Jer 51:46; Eze 7:26+), see also domain LN 33.404–33.405; 3. LN 33.69–33.108 unit: שְׁמוּעָה בְּ־ פֶּה (šemû·ʿā(h) b- pě(h)) mention, formally, report in the mouth, i.e., what is said, with a focus on the content of reference made (Eze 16:56+)

שׁמור (šmwr) BDB: see 9020, 9033

9020 שָׁמוּר (šā·mûr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8053;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shamur: Levite in David’s day (1Ch 24:24 K+, note: for Q, see 9033, note: none of the versions surveyed appeared to use the K

9021 שַׁמּוֹת (šǎm·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8054;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shammoth: great warrior for David (1Ch 11:27+), possibly see also 9016

שׁמח (šmḥ): see 9022

9022 שָׁמַח (šā·mǎḥ): v.—LN 59.48–59.61 (qal) be magnanimous, be generous toward, i.e., give an amount of something which is abundant, and not sparing, implying care and support for the object (Isa 9:16[EB 17] cj+), note: for MT text, see 8523

שׁמט (šmṭ): see 9023

9023 שָׁמַט (šā·mǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 8058; TWOT 2408—1. LN 15.224–15.229 (qal) stumble, trip and fall, formally, drop down, i.e., fall to the ground while walking or running due to temporarily losing one’s balance (2Sa 6:6; 1Ch 13:9+); 2. LN 15.215–15.221 (qal) throw down, drop down, i.e., hurl an object from a higher to lower level, with a focus that gravity does most of the work (2Ki 9:33+); (nif) be thrown down (Ps 141:6+); 3. LN 65.30–65.39 (qal) be fallow, lie unplowed, formally, let drop, i.e., have an object be not used, implying a rest for the object, as a figurative extension of letting fruit or leaves drop off a tree or plant (Ex 23:11+), note: in context, land is what is not used, see also domain LN 43; 4. LN 57.219–57.223 (qal) cancel a debt, i.e., release a person from an economic obligation (Dt 15:2+); (hif) cancel a debt (Dt 15:3+); 5. LN 57.55–57.70 (qal) lose, i.e., no longer possess an object which one has owned in the past (Jer 17:4+)

9024 שְׁמִטָּה (šemiṭ·ṭā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8059; TWOT 2408a—LN 57.219–57.223 canceling debts, remitting of a debt, i.e., the act. of restraint from exacting an amount of money which is owed to a lender, so releasing a debtor from an obligation (Dt 15:1, 2,9; 31:10+)

9025 שַׁמַּי (šǎm·mǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8060;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shammai: 1. of Judah (1Ch 2:28,32+) 2. another of Judah (1Ch 44, 45+) 3. yet another of Judah (1Ch 4:17+)

שָׁמַי (šā·mǎy) BDB: see 9028

9026 שְׁמִידָע (šemî·ḏāʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8061;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shemida: of Manasseh (Nu 26:32; Jos 17:2; 1Ch 7:19+), see also 9027

9027 שְׁמִידָעִי (šemî·ḏā·ʿî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8062;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shemidaite: pertaining to Shemida (Nu 26:32+), see also 9026

9028 שָׁמַיִם (šā·mǎ·yim): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8064; TWOT 2407a—1. LN 1.5–1.16 heaven, i.e., the realm of God where God abides, similar to the area of the sky, but with a focus of where God abides, sometimes describes as the upper regions above the upper sky (Ps 18:10[EB 9]); 2. LN 1.5–1.16 atmosphere, i.e., the area of the stars, skies, air, as a region above the earth including the horizon (1Ki 18:45); 3. LN 1.5–1.16 unit: שָׁמַיִם שָׁמַיִם (šā·mǎ·yim šā·mǎ·yim) highest heaven, i.e., the very uppermost part of the sky, stars, and air (Dt 10:14); 4. LN 1.5–1.16 unit: בַּיִן הַ־ שָׁמַיִם וְ־ בַּיִן הַ־ אֶרֶץ (bǎ·yin hǎ- šā·mǎ·yim w- bǎ·yin hǎ- ʾě·rěṣ) midair, formally, between the heavens and between the earth, i.e., an area of space just above the earth which has no base or support to set the feet (2Sa 18:9)

9029 שְׁמִינִי (šemî·nî): number; ≡ Str 8066; TWOT 2411c—LN 60.55 eighth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number as the 8th in a series, involving time, space, or set (1Ki 6:38), note: cf. also 9046, 9047

9030 שְׁמִינִית (šemî·nîṯ): ; ≡ Str 8067; TWOT 2411c—LN 14.74–14.86 sheminith, i.e., a musical direction somehow related to the number eight, such as an eight-stringed instrument, or relating to the eight-note octave (1Ch 15:21; Ps 6:1[EB title]; 12:1[EB title]+)

שָׁמִיר (šā·mîr) Lisowsky: see 9031, 9032, 9033, 9034

9031 I. שָׁמִיר (šā·mîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8068; TWOT 2416a—LN 3.13–3.32 briers, brambles, sticker-bush, thorn-shrub, i.e., any of a kind of shrubs and bushes with woody tines and thorns which easily scratch and pierce soft tissue, with a focus that this is plant that grows in uncultivated lands (Isa 5:6; 7:23, 24, 25; 9:17[EB 18]; 10:17; 27:4; 32:13+), note: some sources specifically suggest Paliurus aculeatus or Daucus aureus, but this is not at all certain

9032 II. שָׁמִיר (šā·mîr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8068; TWOT 2416a—1. LN 2.29–2.48 hard stone, i.e., a very hard mineral stone (Jer 17:1; Zec 7:12+), note: some sources identify as adamant stone, flint, emery, or diamond; 2. LN 2.29–2.48 the hardest mineral stone, i.e., a stone harder than flint (Eze 3:9+), note: some sources translate “diamond,” others “emery;” both very hard stones used in grinding or engraving

9033 III. שָׁמִיר (šā·mîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8069;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shamir: Levite in David’s day (1Ch 24:24 Q+, note: for K, see 9020)

9034 IV. שָׁמִיר (šā·mîr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8069;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shamir: 1. see 9033 2. town of Judah (Jos 15:48+) 3. town of Ephraim (Jdg 10:1, 2+)

9035 שְׁמִירָמוֹת (šemî·rā·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8070;—LN 93-pers. (male) (most versions) Shemiramoth: 1. Levite musician (1Ch 15:18, 20; 16:5+) 2. Levite instructor of Torah (2Ch 17:8+), note: for K in 2Ch 17:8, see 9082

9036 שַׁמְלַי (šǎm·lǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8073;—LN 93-pers. (male) (most versions) Shamlai: ancestor of returnees from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:46 K+), note: for Q in KJV, NKJV, NASB, NIV, see 8978

שׁמם (šmm): see 9037

9037 I. שָׁמֵם (šā·mēm): v.; ≡ Str 8074; TWOT 2409—1. LN 20.31–20.60 (qal) be desolate, be devastated, destitute, laid waste, ravaged, ruined, deserted, i.e., be in a destroyed and ruined state, implying the object or area destroyed is now abandoned from all help, deserted, or in personal poverty (Ge 47:19; 2Sa 13:20; Isa 49:8, 19; 54:1; 61:4; La 1:4, 13, 16; 3:11; 5:18; Eze 6:6; 12:19; 19:7; 33:28; 35:12, 15; 36:3, 4; Da 9:18, 26+); (nif) desolate, deserted (Lev 26:22; Ps 69:26[EB 25]; Isa 33:8; 54:3; Jer 12:11; 33:10; La 4:5; Eze 6:4; 25:3; 29:12; 30:7; 32:15; 36:34, 35,36; Joel 1:17; Am 7:9; 9:14; Zep 3:6; Zec 7:14+); (polel) cause desolation (Da 8:13; 9:27; 11:31; 12:11+), note: some parse Da 8:13; 9:27b as qal; (hif) lay waste, cause ruin (Lev 26:31, 32; Nu 21:30; 1Sa 5:6; Job 16:7; Ps 79:7; Jer 10:25; 49:20; 50:45; Eze 20:26; 30:12, 14; Hos 2:14[EB 12]; Mic 6:13+); (hof) lie desolate (Lev 26:34, 35, 43; 2Ch 36:21+), note: 2Ch 36:21 some parse as 2021 + 9014; (hitpolel) destroy oneself (Ecc 7:16+); 2. LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) be appalled, horrified, terrified, dismayed, i.e., have an emotion or attitude of horror and great fear, implying also dismay and discouragement (Lev 26:32; 1Ki 9:8; 2Ch 7:21; Job 17:8; Ps 40:16[EB 15]; Isa 52:14; Jer 2:12; 18:16; 19:8; 49:17; 50:13; Eze 26:16; 27:35; 28:19+); (nif) be appalled (Job 18:20; Jer 4:9; Eze 4:17+); (polel) be appalled (Ezr 9:3, 4+); (hif) cause to be appalled (Job 21:5; Eze 3:15; 32:10+); (hitpolel) be appalled (Ps 143:4; Isa 59:16; 63:5; Da 8:27+), note: La 5:12 some parse as 9038; note: Eze 19:7 NIV translates “terrified” so in domain LN 25

9038 II. שָׁמֵם (šā·mēm): adj.; ≡ Str 8076; TWOT 2409a—LN 20.31–20.60 desolate, deserted, i.e., pertaining to being devastated and destroyed (Jer 12:11; Da 9:17+), note: some sources also place La 5:18 here, see 9037

9039 שְׁמָמָה (šemā·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8077; TWOT 2409b, 2409c—1. LN 20.31–20.60 desolation, ruin, waste, i.e., a state of utter ruin, often relating to uninhabitable land as a sparsely populated area (Ex 23:29), see also domain LN 1.86–1.87; 2. LN 25.223–25.250 unit: לָבַשׁ שְׁמָמָה (lā·ḇǎš šemā·mā(h)) be in despair, formally, clothed in ruin, i.e., be in an emotional state of worry and anxiety (Eze 7:27+), note: some sources translate “clothed in horror.”

שִׁמֲמָה (ši·mǎmā(h)): see 9040

9040 שִׁמְמָה (šim·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8077; TWOT 2409b—LN 20.31–20.60 desolation, i.e., a state of ruin and destruction (Eze 35:7+)

9041 שִׁמָּמוֹן (šim·mā·môn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8078; TWOT 2409e—LN 25.223–25.250 despair, i.e., an emotional state of anxiety and distress (Eze 4:16; 12:19+), note: some sources translate as “horror,” or “appallment.”

שְׁמָמִית (šemā·mîṯ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 8532

שׁמן (šmn): see 9042

9042 I. שָׁמֵן (šā·mēn): v.; ≡ Str 8080; TWOT 2410—1. LN 23.129–23.141 (qal) grow fat, put on weight, i.e., be in a healthy, filled-with-food state, that is a part of normal healthy growth (Dt 32:15; Jer 5:28+); (hif) show as well-fed (Ne 9:25+); 2. LN 32.42–32.61 (hif) unresponsive, formally, be calloused, grow fat, i.e., have a lack of capacity for understanding as a figurative extension of a thickness or layer of fat, making response difficult (Isa 6:10+)

9043 שֶׁמֶן (šě·měn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8081; TWOT 2410c—1. LN 6.197–6.202 olive oil, i.e., vegetable oil extracted from the olive fruit, used as a food, lamp-oil, medicines and perfumes (Ex 25:6), see also domain LN 5.1–5.22; 2. LN 6.205–6.212 oil lotions, i.e., cosmetic scented lotions and perfumes used to soften the skin (2Sa 14:2; Ps 92:11[EB 10]; Pr 27:9; Ecc 7:1; 10:1; SS 1:3, 3; 4:10; Isa 57:9; Eze 16:9; Am 6:6); 3. LN 65.20–65.29 the best products, formally, olive oil, the choice of harvest or merchandise, so having high value, as a figurative extension of fine, desireable olive oil (Isa 25:6); 4. LN 23.188–23.196 fat, i.e., gain a great deal of weight and so be a larger size (Isa 10:27), note: some translate פָּנֶה שֶׁמֶן (pā·ně(h) šě·měn) as a n.pr.loc. “Pene-Yeshemon” a currently unknown place; 5. LN 3.60–3.67 unit: שֶׁמֶן עֵץ (šě·měn ʿēṣ) olive wood (1Ki 6:23, 31, 32, 33; Ne 8:15; Isa 41:19+); 6. LN 59.48–59.61 unit: בֵּן שֶׁמֶן (bēn šě·měn) fertility, formally, son of olive oil, i.e., a state of fertility which produces an abundance of things, so giving an ease of life, with a special focus on the land which produces the abundance (Isa 5:1; 28:1, 4); 7. LN 86.1–86.3 unit: כָּחַשׁ מִן שֶׁמֶן (kā·ḥǎš min šě·měn) be thin and gaunt, formally, fail of the fat, i.e., to have lost an unhealthy amount of weight from lack of food (Ps 109:24)

9044 שָׁמָן (šā·mān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4924; TWOT 2410e—LN 59.48–59.61 richness, formally, fatness, i.e., a state of fertility which produces an abundance of thing, so giving an ease of life, with a special focus on the land which produces the abundance (Ge 27:28, 39+)

9045 II. שָׁמֵן (šā·mēn): *; ≡ Str 8082; TWOT 2410a—1. LN 79.39–79.44 delicious, rich, i.e., pertaining to food which is tasty and satisfying (Ge 49:20; Hab 1:16+), see also domain LN 24.72; 2. LN 23.129–23.141 vigorous, i.e., pertaining to being strong, energetic, capable of athletic feats (Jdg 3:29+); 3. LN 23.188–23.196 fertile, i.e., pertaining to soil capable of growing prolific crops or pasture (Nu 13:20; 1Ch 4:40; Ne 9:25,35; Isa 30:23; Eze 34:14+); 4. LN 23.129–23.141 sleek, i.e., pertaining to a healthy animal which has a fat-layer, and so appears as filled-out, showing good health and plenty to eat (Eze 34:16+)

שְׁמֹנָה (šemō·nā(h)): n.fem.—see 9046

9046 שְׁמֹנֶה (šemō·ně(h)): number; ≡ Str 8083; TWOT 2411a—1. LN 60.17 eight, i.e., pertaining to a cardinal number (1Sa 17:12), see also 9029, 9047; 2. LN 60.55 eighth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number as the 8th in a series, involving time, space, or set (2Ki 24:12); 3. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: שְׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה (šemō·ně(h) ʿěś·rē(h)) eighteenth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number as the 18th in a series, involving time, space, or set (1Ki 15:1; 2Ki 3:1); 4. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: שְׁלֹשִׁים וְ־ שְׁמֹנֶה (šelō·šîm w- šemō·ně(h)) thirty-eighth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number, as 38th in a series involving time, space, or set (1Ki 16:29)

שְׁמַנֵּי (šemǎn·nê) BDB: see 9044

שְׁמַנִּים (šemǎn·nîm) BDB, Lisowsky: see 9044

9047 שְׁמֹנִים (šemō·nîm): number pl.; ≡ Str 8084; TWOT 2411b—1. LN 60.31 eighty, i.e., pertaining to a cardinal number (2Sa 19:33[EB 32]), see also 9029, 9046; 2. LN 60.46–60.61 eightieth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number as the 80th in a series, involving time, space, or set (1Ki 6:1)

שׁמע (šmʿ): see 9048

9048 שָׁמַע (šā·mǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 8085; TWOT 2412—1. LN 24.52–24.70 (qal) hear, i.e., use the perception of hearing with the ears to process information (Ps 44:2[EB 1]); (nif) be heard (Ex 23:13); (hif) cause to hear (Dt 4:10); 2. LN 24.52–24.70 (qal) able to hear, i.e., have the faculty of hearing in contrast to being deaf (Isa 29:18); 3. LN 33.189–33.217 (qal) receive news, i.e., receive information about something (Ge 29:13); (nif) be reported (Ne 6:6); (hif) proclaim, pronounce, declare, announce, tell, raise voice, bring word, make known (Ps 26:7); 4. LN 31.50–31.57 (qal) listen, take heed, pay attention, hear, i.e., believe information and respond on the basis of having heard (Ex 4:1); (nif) be heeded (Ecc 9:16, 17); 5. LN 36.12–36.30 (qal) obey, formally, hear, i.e., submit to an authority and so do what is asked or required (1Sa 12:14); (nif) obey (2Sa 22:45); 6. LN 32.1–32.10 (qal) understand, formally, hear, i.e., hear and comprehend information or a situation (Ge 11:7); 7. LN 56.12–56.19 (qal) hear a legal case, i.e., give a legal hearing (Dt 1:16); 8. LN 33.307–33.314 (piel) summon, call together, i.e., communicate with others, usually at some distance to gather in a place (1Sa 15:4; 23:8+); (hif) summon (1Ki 15:22; Jer 50:29; 51:27+); 9. LN 14.74–14.86 (hif) make music, formally, cause to hear, i.e., make a vocal or instrumental sound for musical songs (1Ch 15:16, 19, 28; 16:5, 42; 2Ch 5:13; Ne 12:42+), note: either as purely instrumental sounds, or singing with verbal content, see also domain LN 33.109–33.116 or LN 6.83–6.95; note: further study may yield more domains

9049 I. שֶׁמַע (šě·mǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8085; TWOT 2412—LN 14.74–14.86 clash, bang, crash, i.e., a sharp, brusque, staccato sound made by large metal cymbals (Ps 150:5+)

9050 II. שֶׁמַע (šě·mǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8087;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shema: 1. of Caleb (1Ch 2:43, 44+) 2. of Reuben (1Ch 5:8+) 3. of Benjamin (1Ch 8:13+), see also 9059(10.) 4. one who stood with Ezra (Ne 8:4+)

9051 שֵׁמַע (šē·mǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8088; TWOT 2412b—1. LN 33.189–33.217 message, report, news, i.e., information, often from another geographical area, which is announced to others (Ge 29:13; Ex 23:1; Nu 14:15; Dt 2:25; Isa 23:5; Na 3:19+); 2. LN 24.52–24.70 what is heard, i.e., a message, with a focus on the hearing gate and the response which occurs upon hearing (Job 42:5; Ps 18:45[EB 44]; Jer 37:5; 50:43+); 3. LN 24.52–24.70 hearing, i.e., the act. of sound waves reaching the ear, and the sounds being meaningfully interpreted as information (Hos 7:12+); 4. LN 28.28–28.56 fame, renown, i.e., what is well known, implying status or honor (1Ki 10:1; 2Ch 9:1; Isa 66:19; Hab 3:2+), see also domain LN 87.4–87.18; 5. LN 28.57–28.67 rumor, i.e., information which is able to be known, but not verified as true (Job 28:22+), see also domain LN 33.404–33.405

9052 שָׁמָע (šā·māʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8091;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shama: great warrior for David (1Ch 11:44+)

9053 שֹׁמַע (šō·mǎʿ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8089; TWOT 2412c—1. LN 33.189–33.217 message, report, news, i.e., information, often from another geographical area, which is announced to others (Jos 9:9; Jer 6:24+); 2. LN 28.28–28.56 fame, renown, reputation, i.e., what is well known, implying status or honor (Jos 6:27; Est 9:4+), see also domain LN 87.4–87.18

9054 שְׁמַע (šemǎʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8090;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shema: town in the Negev of Judah (Jos 15:26+), note: some identify as 8681

9055 שִׁמְעָא (šim·ʿā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8092;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shimea: 1. brother of King David (1Ch 2:13; 1Ch 20:7+), see also 9056 2. (Shammua NIV) son of King David (1Ch 3:5+), see also 9018(2.) 3. of Levi (1Ch 6:15[EB 30]+) 4. another of Levi (1Ch 6:24[EB 39]+)

9056 שִׁמְעָה (šim·ʿā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8093;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shimeah: brother of David (2Sa 13:3, 32; 21:21 Q+), see also 9055(1.), note: for K in 2Sa 21:21, see 9059

9057 שְׁמָעָה (šemā·ʿā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8094;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shemaah: of Benjamin (1Ch 12:3+)

שְׁמֻעָה (šemǔ·ʿā(h)): see 9019

9058 שִׁמְעוֹן (šim·ʿôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8095;—LN 93-pers. Simeon: 1. (male) son of Jacob-Leah (Ge 29:33) 2. (gent.) people pertaining to Simeon 1 (Ex 6:15; Dt 27:12) 3. (NIV) Shimeon: of Harim (Ezr 10:31+)

שִׁמְעוֹן (šim·ʿôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8095;—LN 93-place (loc.) Simeon: tribal area approximately in the Negev area of Judah (Eze 48:25)

9059 I. שִׁמְעִי (šim·ʿî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8096;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shimei: 1. grandson of Levi (Ex 6:17; Nu 3:18; 1Ch 6:2[EB 17]; 1Ch 23:7, 9, 10+), see also 9060 2. of Benjamin, related to King Saul (2Sa 16:5, 7, 13; 19:17[EB 16],19[EB 18],22[EB 21],24[EB 23]; 1Ki 2:8–44 passim+) 3. brother of David (2Sa 21:21 K+, note: for Q, see 9056) 4. of Benjamin, officer of King Solomon (1Ki 1:8; 4:18+) 5. brother of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:19+) 6. of Simeon (1Ch 4:26, 27+) 7. of Reuben (1Ch 5:4+) 8. of Levi respectively (1Ch 6:14[EB 29]+) 9. great-grandson of Levi (1Ch 6:27[EB 42]+) 10. of Benjamin, one who routed the Gittites (1Ch 8:21+), see also 9050(3.) 11. priest of the 10th course (1Ch 25:3, 17+) 12. royal vineyard keeper for King David (1Ch 27:27+) 13. Levite in the time of King Hezekiah (2Ch 29:14+) 14. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:23+) 15. another divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:33+) 16. yet another divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:38+) 17. ancestor of Mordecai (Est 2:5+) 18. another Levite in charge of contributions (2Ch 31:12, 13+)

9060 II. שִׁמְעִי (šim·ʿî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8097;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shimeites: pertaining to Shimei (Nu 3:21; Zec 12:13+), see also 9059(1.)

9061 שְׁמַעְיָה (šemǎʿ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8098;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shemaiah: 1. of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:22+) 2. of Simeon (1Ch 4:37+) 3. of Reuben (1Ch 5:4+) 4. prophet to King Rehoboam (1Ki 12:22; 2Ch 12:5, 7, 15+), see also 9062(1.) 5. Levite in post-exilic times (1Ch 9:14; Ne 11:15+) 6. another Levite in post-exilic times (1Ch 9:16+) 7. Levite helper with the Ark (1Ch 15:8, 11+) 8. Levite scribe (1Ch 24:6+) 9. Levite gatekeeper (1Ch 26:4, 6, 7+) 10. 9062(2.) 11. Levite in the time of King Hezekiah (2Ch 29:14+) 12. see 9062(3.) 13. see 9062(4.) 14. assistant to Ezra (Ezr 8:13+) 15. assistant to Ezra sent to Casiphia (Ezr 8:16+) 16. divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:21+) 17. another divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:31+) 18. wall builder in the time of Nehemiah (Ne 3:29+) 19. false prophet hired by Sanballat against Nehemiah (Ne 6:10+) 20. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:9[EB 8]+) 21. returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:6+) 22. prince of Judah who was present at the wall dedication (Ne 12:34, 35+) 23. musician at the wall dedication (Ne 12:36+) 24. musician at the wall dedication (Ne 12:42+) 25. 9062(5.) 26. prophet opposing Jeremiah (Jer 29:31,32+), see also 9062(6.) 27. see 9062(7.) 28. priest in time of Joiakim (Ne 12:18+)

9062 שְׁמַעְיָהוּ (šemǎʿ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8098;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shemaiahu (Shemaiah NIV): 1. prophet to King Rehoboam (2Ch 11:2+), see also 9061(4.) 2. Levite instructor in Torah (2Ch 17:8+) 3. another Levite in the time of King Hezekiah (2Ch 31:15+) 4. Levite in the time of King Josiah (2Ch 35:9+) 5. father of a prophet in the days of King Jehoiakim (Jer 26:20+) 6. prophet opposing Jeremiah (Jer 29:24+), see also 9061(26.) 7. father of a prince in Judah (Jer 36:12+)

שִׁמְעוֹנִי (šim·ʿô·nî) BDB: see 9063 (1Ch 27:16+)

9063 שִׁמְעֹנִי (šim·ʿō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8099;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Simeonite: pertaining to Simeon (Nu 25:14; 26:14; Jos 21:4; 1Ch 27:16+), see also 9058, 9058.5

9064 שִׁמְעָת (šim·ʿāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8100;—LN 93-pers. (female) Shimeath: mother of (Jo)zabad (2Ki 12:22[EB 21]; 2Ch 24:26+), note: some believe this name refers to a male progenitor

9065 שִׁמְעָתִי (šim·ʿā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8101;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) (pl.) Shimeathites: pertaining to descendants of the Kenites (1Ch 2:55+), note: the verse is difficult, the vulgate translation suggests “those of the Shema, i.e., traditionalists.”

שִׁמְעָתִים (šim·ʿā·ṯîm) BDB: see 9065

9066 שֵׁמֶץ (šē·měṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8102; TWOT 2413a—LN 28.57–28.67 whisper, i.e., relatively low volume sounds, as a verbal communication in which information is able, but difficult to be made known (Job 4:12; 26:14+), note: see also domain LN 33.69–33.108; note: BDB connects with 9067

9067 שִׁמְצָה (šim·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8103; TWOT 2413b—LN 33.406–33.411 laughingstock, object of ridicule, i.e., object of mocking laughter, as one who is scorned (Ex 32:25+), note: BDB connects with 9066

שׁמר (šmr): see 9068

9068 שָׁמַר (šā·mǎr): v.; ≡ Str 8104; TWOT 2414—1. LN 13.1–13.47 (qal) keep, i.e., cause a state or condition to remain (Job 2:6; Ps 17:4); (qal pass.) be kept, set aside (1Sa 9:24+); (hitp) keep oneself (2Sa 22:24; Ps 18:24[EB 23]+); 2. LN 37.119–37.126 (qal) guard, watch, i.e., limit access and movement of persons or objects in and out of an area, implying protection to or from the object being guarded (Ge 3:24); (qal pass.) be secured (2Sa 23:5; Ecc 5:12[EB 13]+), note: for qal act. ptcp. as noun, see 9070.5; 3. LN 36.12–36.30 (qal) observe, keep, i.e., obey a command with diligence and in detail (Lev 19:30); (hitp) observe for oneself (Mic 6:16+); 4. LN 27.55–27.60 (qal) be careful, beware, pay attention, make sure, watch oneself, guard oneself, i.e., learn or remember information and take care to watch for dangers (Dt 5:32); (nif) be careful (Ex 23:21); 5. LN 35.36–35.46 (qal) care for, tend, keep, attend to, take care of an object, implying concern for the objects cared for (Hos 12:13[EB 12]), note: this can be animals or other objects; (nif) cared for (Hos 12:14[EB 13]); 6. LN 31.82–31.101 (qal) revere, cling to, i.e., have a worshipful trust and reliance on an object of deity, as an extension of carefully guarding or caring for an object (Ps 31:7[EB 6]); (piel) cling to, revere, care for (Jnh 2:9[EB 8]+), note: further study may yield more domains

9069 I. שֶׁמֶר (šě·měr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8105; TWOT 2415a—1. LN 6.197–6.202 dregs, lees, i.e., sediment or particles settling at the bottom, usually in an undisturbed, unmoved container (Ps 75:9[EB 8]; Jer 48:11; Zep 1:12+), note: in context a wine product, referring in some contexts to persons who are indifferent and inactive; 2. LN 6.197–6.202 aged wine, formally, dregs, i.e., wine fully fermented, having been stored and so has lees (sediment) on the bottom of the container, which is usually then filtered out before drinking (Isa 25:6+)

9070 II. שֶׁמֶר (šě·měr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8106;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shemer: 1. of Samaria (1Ki 16:24+) 2. of Levi (1Ch 6:31[EB 46]+) 3. of Asher (1Ch 7:34+), note: for NIV text, see 9071

שִׁמֻּר (šim·mǔr) BDB: see 9081

שֹׁמֵר (šō·mēr): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 9068]; ≡ Str 8106;—LN 37.119–37.126 watcher, keeper, guard, i.e., one who restricts the movement of goods or persons in and out of a secure area (2Ki 11:5)

9071 שֹׁמֵר (šō·mēr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7763;—LN 93-pers. (female) Shomer: 1. mother of a royal assassin (1Ki 12:22[EB 21]+), see also 9083 2. (male) of Asher (1Ch 7:32+), note: for MT text in 1Ch 7:34, see 9070(3.)

9072 שָׁמְרָה (šām·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8108; TWOT 2414a—LN 37.119–37.126 guard, watch, i.e., a person who watches and warns for danger at a post, as a figurative extension of the state of proper restraint and care (Ps 141:3+), see also domain LN 37.1–37.32

9073 שְׁמֻרָה (šemǔ·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8109; TWOT 2414b—LN 8.9–8.69 eye-lid, i.e., the flap of skin which blinks and covers the eyeball (Ps 77:5[EB 4]+)

9074 I. שִׁמְרוֹן (šim·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8110;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shimron: Canaanite town allotted to Zebulun (Jos 11:1; 19:15+)

9075 II. שִׁמְרוֹן (šim·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8110;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shimron: of Issachar (Ge 46:13; Nu 26:24; 1Ch 7:1+), see also 9084

9076 שֹׁמְרוֹן (šō·merôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8111; TWOT 2414d—LN 93-place (loc.) Samaria: 1. capital city of N kingdom of Israel (1Ki 16:24; 2Ki 6:20) 2. a district in Palestine, about midway between Galilee and Dead Sea (2Ki 17:24), see also 188, see also 9085

9077 שִׁמְרוֹן מְראוֹן (šim·rôn merʾôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8112;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shimron Meron: conquered town (Jos 12:20+), note: the LXX reads as two separate towns

9078 שִׁמְרִי (šim·rî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8113;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shimri: 1. of Simeon (1Ch 4:37+) 2. father of a great warrior for David (1Ch 11:45+) 3. Levite gatekeeper (1Ch 26:10+) 4. another Levite in time of Hezekiah (2Ch 29:13+)

9079 שְׁמַרְיָה (šemǎr·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8114;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shemariah: 1. see 9080 2. son of King Rehoboam (2Ch 11:19+) 3. divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:32+) 4. another divorcee of foreign wife (Ezr 10:41+), see also 9080

9080 שְׁמַרְיָהוּ (šemǎr·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8114;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shemariahu (Shemariah NIV): of Benjamin (1Ch 12:6[EB 5]+), see also 9079

9081 שִׁמֻּרִים (šim·mǔ·rîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8107; TWOT 2414c—LN 37.119–37.126 vigil, night-watch, i.e., the act. of keeping alert guard over a person or event for protection or warning, implying that a religious act. of salvation or worship will occur during the time of this act. (Ex 12:42+), note: some translate as “time of vigil”

9082 שְׁמִרִימוֹת (šemi·rî·môṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8070;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shemirimoth: Levite instructor of Torah (2Ch 17:8 K+), note: for Q, see 9035(2.)

9083 שִׁמְרִית (šim·rîṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8116;—LN 93-pers. (female) Shimrith: mother of a royal assassin (2Ch 24:26+), see also 9071(1.)

9084 שִׁמְרֹנִי (šim·rō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8117;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shimronite: pertaining to Shimron (Nu 26:24+), see also 9075

9085 שֹׁמְרֹנִי (šō·merō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8118;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Samaritan: pertaining to Samaria (2Ki 17:29+), see also 9076

9086 שִׁמְרָת (šim·rāṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8119;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shimrath: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:21+)

9087 שֶׁמֶשׁ (šě·měš): n.fem. or occasionally masc.; ≡ Str 8121; TWOT 2417a—1. LN 1.28 sun, i.e., the orb in the sky which rises in the east, and sets over the western ocean, and gives heat, light, and life (Ex 16:21); also, a part of a compound name, Beth Shemesh, see 1127; En Shemesh, see 6539; Ir Shemesh, see 6561; note: in some contexts the “sun” can refer to a pagan god (with their own temples), sometimes referred to as “Shemesh;” note: Ps 84:12[EB 11] some interp as a shield or buckler that might reflect the sun; 2. LN 14.36–14.52 sunlight, i.e., a bright light which the sun produces (Job 8:16); 3. LN 6.215–6.225 sun-dial, i.e., a device which measures the passage of time by means of shadows made by the movement of the sun (Isa 38:8a+); 4. LN 7.59–7.62 battlement wall, formally, sun, i.e., a wall which protects as an extension of the sun at high apex in the sky (Isa 54:12+); 5. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: בּוֹא הַ־ שֶׁמֶשׁ (bô(ʾ) hǎ- šě·měš) sunset, i.e., the time of the day in the evening when the sun comes down (Ex 17:12), see also domain LN 15.107–15.117; 6. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: זָרַח הַ־ שֶׁמֶשׁ (zā·rǎḥ hǎ- šě·měš) sunrise, i.e., the time of the day in the morning when the sun comes up (Ex 22:2[EB 3]); 7. LN 82.1–82.6 unit: מִזְרָח שֶׁמֶשׁ (miz·rāḥ šě·měš) east, formally, rising of sun, i.e., a direction of the compass, which is the direction of sunrise (Jdg 20:43); 8. LN 82.1–82.6 unit: מָבוֹא הַ־ שֶׁמֶשׁ (mā·ḇô(ʾ) hǎ- šě·měš) west, formally, setting of sun, i.e., a direction of the compass, which is the direction of sunset (Jos 1:4); 9. LN 28.57–28.67 unit: נֶגֶד הַ־ שֶׁמֶשׁ (ně·ḡěḏ hǎ- šě·měš) publicly, in broad daylight, formally, before the sun, i.e., that which is not in secret and is so able to be known, as a figurative extension of an event which occurs in open light of the sun (Nu 25:4; 2Sa 12:12+)

9088 שִׁמְשׁוֹן (šim·šôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8123;—LN 93-pers. (male) Samson: delivering judge in Israel (Jdg 13:24–16:30 passim+)

9089 שִׁמְשַׁי (šim·šǎy): n.pr.—see LN 10729 (male) (Ezr 4:8, 9, 17, 23+)

9090 שִׁמְשִׁי (šim·šî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1030;—LN 93-place (1Sa 6:14, 18+), part of a compound name, Beth Shemesh, see 1128

9091 שַׁמְשְׁרַי (šǎm·šerǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8125;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shamsherai: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:26+)

9092 שֻׁמָתִי (šǔ·mā·ṯî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8126;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shumathite: pertaining to descendants of the Shobal (1Ch 2:53+)

9093 שַׁן (šǎn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 1052;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shan: part of a compound name, Beth Shan, see also 1126

שָׁן (šān) BDB: see 9093

9094 I. שֵׁן (šēn): n.fem. or occasionally masc.; ≡ Str 8127; TWOT 2422a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 tooth, i.e., that part of the body in an animal or man which is important for chewing, biting, and talking in humans (Ex 21:27; Dt 32:24); 2. LN 1.46–1.50 crag, cliff, i.e., an elevated, steep, rock formation (1Sa 14:4,5; Job 39:28+); 3. LN 2.29–2.48 ivory, i.e., a precious material used as an ornamental inlay substance, from elephant tusk (1Ki 10:18; 22:39; 2Ch 9:17; Ps 45:9[EB 8]; SS 5:14; 7:5[EB 4]; Eze 27:6, 15; Am 3:15; 6:4+); 4. LN 21.6–21.8 unit: נָשָׂא בָּשָׂר בְּ־ שֵׁן (nā·śā(ʾ) bā·śār b- šēn)1 put myself in jeopardy, formally, lift up flesh in the teeth, i.e., expose oneself to danger (Job 13:14+); 5. LN 23.1–23.39 unit: נִקָּיוֹן שֵׁן (niq·qāy·wōn šēn)1 hunger, famine, formally, whiteness of teeth, i.e., a famine or pandemic hunger as a figurative extension of teeth clean and so not having any food on them (Am 4:6+); 6. LN 79.104–79.109 unit: שָׁלֹשׁ הַ־ שֵׁן (šā·lōš hǎ- šēn)1 three-tined, formally, three-teeth, i.e., pertaining to a shape of a fork instrument having three tines (2Sa 2:13+), see also domain LN 6.213–6.214; 7. LN 23.1–23.39 unit: נָשַׁךְ בְּ־ שֵׁן (nā·šǎḵ b- šēn)1 feed, formally, bite with teeth, i.e., give someone something to eat (Mic 3:5+); 8. LN 8.9–8.69 unit: בְּ־ עוֹר שֵׁן (b- ʿôr šēn)1 gums, formally, with only skin of teeth, i.e., the soft tissue in the mouth which anchors and holds teeth (Job 19:20+), note: for a full discussion of other possible meanings, see WBC17:430ff.; note: for MT text in SS 7:10[EB 9], see 3825

9095 II. שֵׁן (šēn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8129;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shen: place (1Sa 7:12+)

שׁנא (šnʾ): see 9096

9096 שָׁנָא (šā·nā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 8132; TWOT 2419—LN 2.49–2.62 (qal impf.) be tarnished, lose luster, become dull, formally, changed, i.e., have a change of state of metal from a polished condition to a dull or corroded state (La 4:1+), note: see also domain LN 13.48–13.68; note: 2Ki 25:29, Ecc 8:1, see also 9101; note: KB, Holladay translates “shine” assuming a different root “be bright,” see Gesenius pg. 840 שָׁנָה (šā·nā(h)) II., apparently reading the first two clauses as antithetical

9097 שֵׁנָא (šē·nā(ʾ)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8142; TWOT 928c—LN 23.66–23.77 sleep, i.e., an altered state of awareness that is not being awake, with a focus that this is a state of rest (Ps 127:2+), see also domain LN 23.78–23.87

9098 שִׁנְאָב (šin·ʾāḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8134;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shinab: king of Admah (Ge 14:2+)

9099 שִׁנְאָן (šin·ʾān): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8136; TWOT 2421d—1. LN 60.75–60.78 (most versions) double, twice, that which is a multiple of a unit (Ps 68:18[EB 17]+), note: some slightly alter text and read as 9096, “sublimity,” others change text, relate to a Ugaritic etymology and read as “archers;” see WBC20:166; 2. LN 60.1–60.9 unit: רִבּוֹא אֶלֶף שִׁנְאָן (rib·bô(ʾ) ʾě·lěp̄ šin·ʾān) zillions, formally, myriads of thousands double, i.e., an infinitely large number, with a focus on the utter inordinateness of the number (Ps 68:18[EB 17]+)

9100 שֶׁנְאַצַּר (šěn·ʾǎṣ·ṣǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8137;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shenazzar: son of Jehoiachin (1Ch 3:18+)

שׁנה (šnh): see 9101

9101 I. שָׁנָה (šā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8132, 8138; TWOT 2421—1. LN 68.11–68.21 (qal) repeat, do again, i.e., do an action two or more times (1Sa 26:8; 2Sa 20:10; 1Ki 18:34[EB 33]; Ne 13:21; Job 29:22; Pr 17:9; 26:11+); (nif) be repeated (Ge 41:32+); 2. LN 58.36–58.46 (qal) change, i.e., cause a difference by altering the class, kind, or nature of an object (Mal 3:6+); (piel) change, alter, disguise (1Sa 21:14[EB 13]; Job 14:20; Ps 34:1[EB title]; 89:35[EB 34]; Pr 31:5; Jer 2:36+), note: the change can be real or pretend; (pual) be changed (Ecc 8:1+); (hitp) disguise oneself (1Ki 14:2+); 3. LN 49 (piel) change one’s clothes, i.e., put on different garb or outfits (2Ki 25:29; Jer 52:33+); 4. LN 58.36–58.46 (qal) be different, formally, change, i.e., that which is other than or not the same class, kind, or feature (Est 1:7; 3:8+); 5. LN 39.34–39.41 (qal) rebel, formally, change, i.e., be in open defiance of authority, as a figurative extension of having a change from one state to another (Pr 24:21+); 6. LN 15.1–15.17 (piel) move, i.e., change the residence of an object by linear movement (Est 2:9+), note: La 4:1 qal, see 9096; Ps 77:12[EB 10], see 9102

9102 II. שָׁנָה (šā·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8141; TWOT 2419a—1. LN 67.163–67.200 year, i.e., unit of time, involving a complete cycle of all seasons (1Sa 29:3); 2. LN 67.142–67.162 unit: בֵּן (bēn) … שָׁנָה (šā·nā(h)) [certain age] old, formally, son of [certain age] years, i.e., a marker of a period of time as an age of a male (Ge 5:32); 3. LN 67.142–67.162 unit: בַּת (bǎṯ) … שָׁנָה (šā·nā(h)) [certain age] old, formally, daughter of [certain age] years, i.e., a marker of a period of time as an age of a female (Ge 17:17); 4. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: בֵּן־שָׁנָה (bēn-·šā·nā(h)) one-year-old male, i.e., pertaining to one complete year (Ex 12:5); 5. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: בַּת־שָׁנָה (bǎṯ-·šā·nā(h)) one-year-old female, i.e., pertaining to one complete year (Ge 17:17); 6. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: זֶה יוֹם אוֹ זֶה שָׁנָה (zě(h) yôm ʾô zě(h) šā·nā(h))2 over a year, i.e., pertaining to a time over one complete year (1Sa 29:3); 7. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: דָּבָר שָׁנָה בְּ־ שָׁנָה (dā·ḇār šā·nā(h) b- šā·nā(h)) year after year (1Ki 10:25); 8. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: מִן דַּי שָׁנָה בְּ־ שָׁנָה (min dǎy šā·nā(h) b- šā·nā(h)) year after year (Zec 14:16); 9. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: בְּ־ כֹּל שָׁנָה וְ־ שָׁנָה (b- kōl šā·nā(h) w- šā·nā(h)) annually (Est 9:21); 10. LN 67.142–67.162 unit: Pl. שָׁנָה (šā·nā(h)) for years, i.e., an indefinite time (Eze 38:17); 11. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: בְּ־ שָׁנָה (b- šā·nā(h)) yearly, i.e., pertaining to each year (Ex 23:14); 12. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: בְּ־ שָׁנָה אֶחָד (b- šā·nā(h) ʾě·ḥāḏ) yearly, i.e., pertaining to each year (1Ki 10:14); 13. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: תְּשׁוּבָה שָׁנָה (tešû·ḇā(h) šā·nā(h)) springtime, i.e., the season that follows winter (2Sa 11:1; 1Ki 20:22, 26; 1Ch 20:1; 2Ch 36:10); 14. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: בּוֹא שָׁנָה (bô(ʾ) šā·nā(h)) springtime, i.e., the season that follows winter (2Ki 13:20); 15. LN 67.163–67.200 ; 16. LN 67.142–67.162 unit: יוֹם שָׁנָה (yôm šā·nā(h)) lifetime, i.e., an undetermined period of time comprising a lifetime (Ecc 6:3); 17. LN 67.78–67.117 unit: עַד שָׁנָה דּוֹר וְ־ דּוֹר (ʿǎḏ šā·nā(h) dôr w- dôr) ages to come, i.e., a duration without reference to time (Joel 2:2)

9103 III. שָׁנָה (šā·nā(h)): v. [BDB]—see 9101

9104 שֵׁנָה (šē·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8142; TWOT 928c—1. LN 23.66–23.77 sleep, slumber, i.e., an altered state of awareness that is not being awake, with a possibly focus this as a state of proper rest or improper inactivity (Ge 28:16; 31:40; Jdg 16:14, 20; Est 6:1; Job 14:12; Ps 132:4; Pr 3:24; 4:16; 6:4, 9, 10; 20:13; 24:33; Ecc 5:11[EB 12]; 8:16; Jer 31:26; 51:39, 57; Da 2:1; Zec 4:1+); 2. LN 23.88–23.128 death, formally, sleep, i.e., to not be alive, as a figurative extension of sleep as a state of inactivity (Ps 76:6[EB 5]; 90:5+)

9105 שֶׁנְהַבִּים (šěn·hǎb·bîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 8143; TWOT 2422c—LN 2.29–2.48 ivory, i.e., a precious substance used in making artifacts and ornamental inlay, from the tusk of an elephant (1Ki 10:22; 2Ch 9:21+), note: for focus as a tusk of an animal, see LN 8.9–8.69

9106 I. שָׁנִי (šā·nî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8144; TWOT 2420a—1. LN 79.26–79.38 scarlet, crimson, i.e., a vivid red dye from eggs of the shield-louse, collected on the leaves of oak trees (Jos 2:18, 21; SS 4:3; Isa 1:18+), note: in Isa 1:18 scarlet may refer to the color of blood-guiltiness; 2. LN 6.152–6.187 crimson thread, i.e., a red-dyed yarn or thread (Ge 38:28, 30+); 3. LN 6.152–6.187 scarlet apparel, i.e., red-dyed clothing of a general kind, possibly a good quality wool (2Sa 1:24; Pr 31:21; Jer 4:30+), note: in Pr. 31:21, some sources change text to 9109, “double clothed”; 4. LN 6.152–6.187 unit: שָׁנִי תּוֹלֵעָה (šā·nî tô·lē·ʿā(h)) scarlet material, crimson stuff, formally, worm of scarlet, likely in context a deep-red dyed wool coccus ilicis (Ex 25:4; 26:1, 31, 36; 27:16; 28:5, 6, 8, 15, 33; 35:6, 23, 25, 35; 36:8, 35, 37; 38:18, 23; 39:1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 24, 29; Lev 14:4, 6, 49, 51, 52; Nu 4:8; 19:6+), note: NIV, NEB, REB, NAB, Tanakh, “scarlet yarn.”

9107 II. שָׁנִי (šā·nî): adj.—LN 68.22–68.33 full grown, i.e., pertaining to an animal being physically mature and so completing the growing process (Jdg 6:25 cj,26 cj,28 cj+), note: for MT text, see 9108; note: some sources (NJB?, NEB?, REB?) apparently change text to 9102; note: in context, there is no clear reference to a first bull (as NIV, cf. Tanakh) so editor prefers this cj over MT text, making better contextual sense with relatively minor changing of the MT text

9108 שֵׁנִי (šē·nî): number; ≡ Str 8145; TWOT 2421b—1. LN 60.49 second, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number as 2nd in a series involving either time, space, or set (1Sa 20:34), cf. also 9109; note: for Jdg 6:25 cj,26 cj,28 cj+, see 9107; note: the NIV often translate “other” as the second of two, implied to so be the last; 2. LN 67.201–67.208 unit: יוֹם שֵׁנִי (yôm šē·nî) next day, i.e., the day after a prior referenced day (Jer 41:4)

9109 שְׁנַיִם (šenǎ·yim): number dual; ≡ Str 8147; TWOT 2421a—1. LN 60.11 two, i.e., pertaining to a cardinal number (1Sa 1:2); 2. LN 60.49 second, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number as 2nd in a series involving either time, space, or set (1Sa 18:21); 3. LN 60.79–60.80 pair, i.e., a collection of two (1Ki 6:23); 4. LN 59.23–59.34 both, i.e., a totality of exactly two (1Sa 2:34); 5. LN 79.104–79.109 sides, i.e., two vertical side areas on a frame, on the peripheral of the main part of an object (Ex 12:7, 23); 6. LN 60.69 twice, i.e., two occurrences as a cardinal of time (Ne 13:20; Job 40:5); 7. LN 60.75 double, i.e., a multiple amount twice that of a single unit (Ex 22:3[EB 4],6[EB 7],8[EB 9]); 8. LN 60.1–60.9 a few, formally, two, i.e., a small, undetermined amount (1Ki 17:12); 9. LN 60.79–60.80 unit: שְׁנַיִם שְׁנַיִם (šenǎ·yim šenǎ·yim) pair, formally, two-two, i.e., a collection of two (Ge 7:9); 10. LN 60.62–60.66 unit: שְׁנַיִם עִשָּׂרוֹן (šenǎ·yim ʿiś·śā·rôn) two-tenths, i.e., a fractional part of a whole (Lev 23:13, 17; 24:5); 11. LN 60.62–60.66 unit: פֶּה שְׁנַיִם (pě(h) šenǎ·yim) two-thirds, i.e., a fractional part of a whole (Zec 13:8); 12. LN 60.59 unit: שְׁנַיִם עָשָׂר (šenǎ·yim ʿā·śār) twelfth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number as 2nd in a series involving either time, space, or set (Nu 7:78); 13. LN 60.59 unit: שְׁנַיִם עֶשְׂרֵה (šenǎ·yim ʿěś·rē(h)) twelfth, i.e., pertaining to an ordinal number as 2nd in a series involving either time, space, or set (2Ki 8:25); 14. LN 79.104–79.109 unit: שְׁנַיִם פֶּה (šenǎ·yim pě(h)) double-edged, i.e., pertaining to an object with two thinned sides or edges, as a unique-shaped object (Jdg 3:16); 15. LN 92.26 unit: שְׁנַיִם ־נוּ (šenǎ·yim nû)1 one another, each other, formally, two of us, i.e., a marker of reciprocal reference (1Sa 20:42); 16. LN 13.104–13.163 unit: לֹא אֶחָד וְ־ לֹא שְׁנַיִם (lō(ʾ) ʾě·ḥāḏ w- lō(ʾ) šenǎ·yim) over and over, again and again, formally, not once and not twice, i.e., an event that happens in iteration, again and again (2Ki 6:10), cf. also 9108; note: for MT text in Eze 40:44, see 9216.5; note: for MT text in Eze 40:49, see 6954

9110 שְׁנִינָה (šenî·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8148; TWOT 2422b—LN 33.406–33.411 ridicule, i.e., a word of scorn and taunt, with a focus on the word itself as the word which taunts (Dt 28:37; 1Ki 9:7; 2Ch 7:20; Jer 24:9+)

שֵׁנִית (šē·nîṯ) BDB: see 9108

שׁנן (šnn) Lisowsky: see 9111, 9112

I. שׁנן (šnn): see 9111

II. שׁנן (šnn): see 9112

9111 I. שָׁנַן (šā·nǎn): v.; ≡ Str 8150; TWOT 2422—1. LN 79.95–79.96 (qal) sharpen, i.e., cause an object to have a thin and/or pointed shape including a cutting edge, implying a readiness for a cutting or piercing action (Dt 32:41; Ps 64:4[EB 3]; 140:4[EB 3]+), note: this can refer to being potently deadly or dangerous (slanderous?) speech; (qal pass.) sharp, be sharpened (Ps 45:6[EB 5]; 120:4; Pr 25:18; Isa 5:28+); 2. (hitpolel) be embittered, formally, feel stabbed, i.e., have a strong feeling of anger or abhorrence, implying an irrational state, as a figurative extension of being in shock after being wounded by an arrow or sword (Ps 73:21+), note: see also domain LN 88.192–88.197

9112 II. שָׁנַן (šā·nǎn): v.; ≡ Str 8150; TWOT 2422—LN 33.224–33.250 (piel) inculcate, teach by rote, impress, formally, repeat, say again, i.e., teach information or behaviors to a student, implying the material is gone over two or more times (Dt 6:7+), note: some sources relate to 9111, with a focus on “sharpening” the student to be potent for action, as a sharp blade is able to cut, but no change in the domain of meaning

שׁנס (šns): see 9113

9113 שָׁנַס (šā·nǎs): v.; ≡ Str 8151; TWOT 2423—LN 49 (piel) gird up, i.e., tuck up the cloak hem from between the legs into the belt (1Ki 18:46+), note: an action in which work, activity, or quick motion follows

9114 שִׁנְעָר (šin·ʿār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8152; TWOT 2424—LN 93-place (loc.) Shinar (Babylonia NIV): area in modern S Iraq (Ge 10:10; 11:2; 14:1, 9; Jos 7:21; Isa 11:11; Da 1:2; Zec 5:11+), note: area was also a kingdom, see also 951

שְׁנָת (šenāṯ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 9104

שׁסה (šsh): see 9115

9115 שָׁסָה (šā·sā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8154; TWOT 2425—LN 57.232–57.248 (qal) plunder, pillage, loot, raid, ransack, i.e., steal or rob objects by force, usually in the context of a military engagement, implying complete victory over an enemy or foe (1Sa 23:1; Ps 44:11[EB 10]; Hos 13:15+), note: for qal act. ptcp. as noun, see 9115.5; (qal pass.) be looted (Isa 42:22+); (poel) plundered (Isa 10:13+), note: see also 9116

שֹׁסֶה (šō·sě(h)): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 9115]; ≡ Str 8154; TWOT 2425—LN 57.232–57.248 raider, marauder, spoiler, i.e., one who steals or robs objects by force, usually after conquering in a military engagement (Jdg 2:14, 16; 1Sa 14:48; 2Ki 17:20; Isa 17:14; Jer 30:16; 50:11+)

שׁסס (šss): see 9116

9116 שָׁסַס (šā·sǎs): v.; ≡ Str 8155; TWOT 2426—LN 57.232–57.248 (qal) plunder, pillage, loot, raid, ransack, i.e., steal or rob objects by force, usually in the context of a military engagement, implying complete victory over an enemy or foe (Jdg 2:14; 1Sa 17:53; Ps 89:42[EB 41]; Jer 30:16+), note: Jer 30:16, some parse as 9115; (nif) looted, be ransacked (Isa 13:16; Zec 14:2+)

שׁסע (šsʿ): see 9117

9117 שָׁסַע (šā·sǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 8156; TWOT 2427—1. LN 63.23–63.27 (qal) divide, split, i.e., divide an object into separate parts (Lev 11:3, 7, 26; Dt 14:6+), note: in context, these divided parts may still in some way be attached to a whole; (qal pass.) be divided (Dt 14:7+); 2. LN 19.27–19.33 (piel) tear apart, i.e., use physical contact to tear an object or mass into parts by force (Lev 1:17; Jdg 14:6+); 3. LN 33.417–33.422 (piel) rebuke, admonish, i.e., speak content which points out wrong ideas or behavior, with a focus on intensity of the speech, implying a proper course is also spoken, as a figurative extension of tearing an object into parts by force (1Sa 24:8[EB 7]+), note: some translate “disperse” focusing on the “dividing” element of the meaning of this lexeme

9118 שֶׁסַע (šě·sǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8157; TWOT 2427a—LN 8.9–8.69 cleft, fissure, i.e., an opening or space which as a split appearance (Lev 11:3, 7, 26; Dt 14:6+), note: in context, the cleft in a split-hoof as a distinguishable characteristic

שׁסף (šsp): see 9119

9119 שָׁסַף (šā·sǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 8158; TWOT 2428—LN 20.61–20.88 (piel) execute, i.e., kill someone by means of a sword (1Sa 15:33+), note: the ety. may suggest actual dismemberment in the execution process

שׁעה (šʿh): see 9120

9120 שָׁעָה (šā·ʿā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8159; TWOT 2429—1. LN 57.125–57.141 (qal) accept, look with favor, have regard for, i.e., receive a gift or other object as acceptable (Ge 4:4, 5+); 2. LN 31.50–31.57 (qal) pay attention to, have regard, i.e., believe and accept information as true, implying both trust and a proper response to the object of truth (Ex 5:9; Ps 119:117; Isa 17:7, 8; Isa 31:1+), see also domain LN 31.82–31.101; 3. LN 35.54–35.56 (qal) turn away, abandon, formally, look away, i.e., desert or forsake an object, so no longer having care or regard for the object (Job 7:19; 14:6; Isa 22:4+); (hif) (Ps 39:14[EB 13]+), note: for NIV text in Isa 32:3, see 9129; 2Sa 22:42, see 8775; note: (hitp) (Isa 41:10, 23+), see 9283

9121 שְׁעָטָה (šeʿā·ṭā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8161; TWOT 2430a—LN 14.74–14.86 galloping sound, i.e., the rhythmic sound of horses running as the hooves impact the ground (Jer 47:3+),note: some sources translate “stamping” as a non-rhythmic sound of horses’ hooves impacting the ground in aggressive excitement

שַׁעֲטָה (šǎ·ʿǎṭā(h)) BDB: see 9121

9122 שַׁעַטְנֵז (šǎ·ʿǎṭ·nēz): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8162; TWOT 2431—LN 6.152–6.187 woven material, i.e., cloth made by the process of weaving (Lev 19:19; Dt 22:11+), note: in context, likely a wide, loose mesh

שֵׁעִיר (šē·ʿîr) BDB: see 8541, 8542, 8543

9123 שֹׁעַל (šō·ʿǎl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8168; TWOT 2432a—1. LN 81.20–81.24 handful, i.e., the most a single hand can grasp or contain, as a measure of volume (1Ki 20:10; Eze 13:19+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 hollow of a hand, i.e., the inside palm of the hand capable of holding a small amount of liquid when held in a certain way (Isa 40:12+)

9124 שַׁעַלְבִים (šǎ·ʿǎl·ḇîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8169;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shaalbim: town in Dan, (Jdg 1:35; 1Ki 4:9+), see also 9125, 9126

9125 שַׁעֲלַבִּין (šǎ·ʿǎlǎb·bîn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8169;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shaalabbin: town in Dan (Jos 19:42+), see also 9124, 9126

9126 שַׁעַלְבֹנִי (šǎ·ʿǎl·ḇō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8170;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shaalbonite: pertaining to one from Shaalbim (2Sa 23:32; 1Ch 11:33+), see 9124

שְׁעָלִים (šeʿā·lîm) BDB: see 9127

9127 שַׁעֲלִים (šǎ·ʿǎlîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8171;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shaalim: area, possibly in Benjamin N of Jerusalem, related to story of Saul and his father’s donkeys (1Sa 9:4+)

שׁען (šʿn): see 9128

9128 שָׁעַן (šā·ʿǎn): v.; ≡ Str 8172; TWOT 2434—1. LN 23.78–23.87 (nif) lean oneself upon, rest against, i.e., pertaining to being in a resting condition, because one is in a stance or position of reclining, lying, or standing, often against an object for support (Ge 18:4; Jdg 16:26; 2Sa 1:6; 2Ki 5:18; 7:2, 17; Job 8:15; Eze 29:7+), note: see also domain LN 17; 2. LN 85.1–85.31 (nif) lie, i.e., pertaining to being in a certain place (Nu 21:15+); 3. LN 31.82–31.101 (nif) rely on, rest in, depend, i.e., have trust and belief in an object to the point of being in jeopardy if the object of trust fails, as a figurative extension of leaning upon a physical object for support (2Ch 13:18; 14:10[EB 11]; 16:7,8; Job 24:23; Pr 3:5; Isa 10:20; 30:12; 31:1; 50:10; Mic 3:11+)

I. שׁעע (šʿʿ): see 9129

II. שׁעע (šʿʿ): see 9130

9129 I. שָׁעַע (šā·ʿǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 8173; TWOT 2435, 2436—LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) be blind, have closed eyes, i.e., not be able to use the perception of sight, due to the eyelids being closed to protect the eyes, as a figurative extension of pasting objects (like eyelids) together (Isa 29:9b; 32:3+), note: this “blinding” refers to not being able to understand or respond properly to a situation; note: for MT in Isa 32:3, see 9120; (hif) make close the eyes (Isa 6:10+); (hitpalpel) blind oneself (Isa 29:9a+)

9130 II. שָׁעַע (šā·ʿǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 8173; TWOT 2435—1. LN 25.102–25.115 (pilpel) take joy in, delight in, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of taking pleasure in and having fondness for an object (Ps 94:19; 119:70+); (hitpalpel) delight oneself in (Ps 119:16, 47+); 2. LN 50 (pilpel) play, have fun, formally, take joy in, i.e., engage in any of various games, amusements, and recreation common of an infant or very young child incapable of swift linear movement, so relatively helpless (Isa 11:8+); (pulpal/pilpel pass.) be dandled, be played with (Isa 66:12+)

9131 שַׁעַף (šǎ·ʿǎp̄): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8174;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shaaph: 1. of Caleb (1Ch 2:47+) 2. another of Caleb (1Ch 2:49+)

שׁער (šʿr) Holladay: see 9132

שׁער (šʿr)[1] KB, Lisowsky: see 9132

9132 שָׁעַר (šā·ʿǎr): v.; ≡ Str 8176; TWOT 2438—LN 60.1–60.9 (qal pf.) estimate, calculate, i.e., to make a general adding up of monetary values (Pr 23:7+), note: NIV translates “think.”

9133 I. שַׁעַר (šǎ·ʿǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8179; TWOT 2437a—1. LN 7.26–7.53 gate, i.e., a door or set of doors used to close off an enclosed area, either of a large city or smaller court area (Jos 2:5); note: often a notable, well known area and so can become a specific location as an n.pr., see also 8788; 2. LN 6.215–6.225 floodgate, i.e., a door which impedes the movement of water (Na 2:7); 3. LN 57.189–57.208 entrance area, i.e., an area of the city where people meet for market where business is done (2Ki 7:1); 4. LN 56.1 entrance area, courts, i.e., an area of the city where people for legal business (Dt 21:9; Am 5:12); 5. LN 1.88–1.94 city, town, formally, gate, i.e., a population center, usually with a defensive wall and gate (Ge 22:17); 6. LN 11.1–11.11 assembly, formally, gate, i.e., a group of persons that congregate at a gate (Pr 24:7); 7. LN 7.77–7.79 unit: מְזוּזָה שַׁעַר (mezû·zā(h) šǎ·ʿǎr)1 gatepost, i.e., the anchor post which holds up the hinging and securing portion of a gate (Eze 45:19; 46:2+); 8. LN 11.55–11.89 unit: שַׁעַר עַם ־ִי (šǎ·ʿǎr ʿǎm i-y) fellow townspeople, formally, gate of my people, i.e., persons associated by fact of living in same town (Ru 3:11); 9. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: שַׁעַר מָקוֹם ־ֹו (šǎ·ʿǎr mā·qôm ō-w) town records, civic records, formally, gate of his place, i.e., a written record of transactions and lineage in a town (Ru 4:10)

9134 II. שַׁעַר (šǎ·ʿǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8180; TWOT 2438a—1. LN 60.75–60.78 measurement, a fold, i.e., a non-specific unit used as a dry measurement of volume, the amount which can be multiplied by another number (Ge 26:12+), see also domain LN 81.1–81.2; 2. LN 60.78 unit: מֵאָה שַׁעַר (mē·ʾā(h) šǎ·ʿǎr)2 hundredfold, i.e., a multiple of 100 times an amount, with the associative meaning of abundance (Ge 26:12+)

9135 שֹׁעָר (šō·ʿār): adj.; ≡ Str 8182; TWOT 2439a—LN 65.20–65.29 burst, i.e., pertaining to being burst open, clearly implying that this is a poor quality of fruit, bad to the taste (Jer 29:17+), see also domain LN 19.27–19.33; note: some sources relate this to a kind of fig which is not eatable

שֹׁעֵר (šō·ʿēr) BDB: see 8788

9136 שַׁעֲרוּר (šǎ·ʿǎrûr): n.masc. [oth adj.fem., see 9136.5]; ≡ Str 8186; TWOT 2439b—LN 53.33–53.40 something horrible, a shocking thing which is defiling and unclean behavior which is an abomination (Jer 5:30; 23:14+), see also 9137

שַׁעֲרוּרָה (šǎ·ʿǎrû·rā(h)): n.fem. [BDB]—see 9136

9137 שַׁעֲרוּרִי (šǎ·ʿǎrû·rî): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8187;—LN 53.33–53.40 something horrible, a shocking thing which is defiling and unclean behavior which is an abomination (Jer 18:13; Hos 6:10+), see also 9136

שַׁעֲרוּרִיָּה (šǎ·ʿǎrû·riy·yā(h)) BDB: see 9137 (Hos 6:10 Q+)

9138 שְׁעַרְיָה (šeʿǎr·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8187;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sheariah: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:38; 9:44+)

9139 שַׁעֲרַיִם (šǎ·ʿǎrǎ·yim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8189;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shaaraim: 1. town of Judah (Jos 15:36; 1Sa 17:52+) 2. town of Simeon, some identify as (1Ch 4:31+), see also 9226, possibly related to 8946

שַׁעֲרֻרִית (šǎ·ʿǎrǔ·rîṯ) BDB: see 9137 (Jer 18:13+)

9140 שַׁעַשְׁגַּז (šǎ·ʿǎš·gǎz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8190;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shaashgaz: eunuch in charge Ahasuerus’ harem (Est 2:14+)

9141 שַׁעֲשׁוּעִים (šǎ·ʿǎšû·ʿîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 8191; TWOT 2436a—1. LN 25.116–25.134 delight, i.e., an object in which one finds happiness or joy (Ps 119:24, 77, 92,143,174+); 2. LN 25.116–25.134 delight, i.e., a state of joy or happiness, often as it relates to an object (Pr 8:30, 31; Isa 5:7; Jer 31:20+)

שַׁעֲשֻׁעִים (šǎ·ʿǎšǔ·ʿîm) BDB: see 9141

שׁפה (šph): see 9142

9142 שָׁפָה (šā·p̄ā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8192; TWOT 2440—1. LN 1.46–1.50 (nif ptcp.) bare, formally, swept bare, i.e., pertaining to a landscape having little vegetation or covering and so prominent (Isa 13:2+); 2. LN 79.104–79.109 (pual) protrude, formally, be swept bare, i.e., pertaining to having bones appear prominently (such as ribs) due to radical weight loss (Job 33:21+)

שָׁפָה (šā·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.—see 9147

9143 שְׁפוֹ (šep̄ô): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8195;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shepho: son of Shobal (Ge 36:23+), note: for MT text in 1Ch 1:40, see 9156

9144 שְׁפוֹט (šep̄ôṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8196; TWOT 2443b—LN 38.1–38.13 punishment, judgment, i.e., act. of inflicting pain or suffering on a guilty party, either to improve behavior, or for strict justice (2Ch 20:9; Eze 23:10+)

9145 שְׁפוּפָם (šep̄û·p̄ām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8197;—LN 93-pers. (male) (ASV, NASB, RSV, NRSV, NJB, Tanakh) Shephupham: of Benjamin (Nu 26:39+), note: for variant reading in text, see 8792, see BHS ftn

9146 שְׁפוּפָן (šep̄û·p̄ān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8197;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shephuphan: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:5+), see also 5137, 8792

שֲׁפוֹת (šǎp̄ôṯ): see 883, 883.5

9147 שְׁפוֹת (šep̄ôṯ): n.[fem.] (pl.?); ≡ Str 8194; TWOT 2440a—1. LN 5.1–5.22 (most versions) milk product, i.e., a product processed from coagulating milk (2Sa 17:29+), note: in context, likely cow’s milk; note: oth sources translates as “curds,” as the protein-rich part of milk as a processed milk product, “cheese,” is a product formed and further process from curds separated from the whey; 2. LN 65.20–65.29 (BDB) the best, choice, formally, cream, i.e., the very best and choice product of a class or kind as a figurative extension of cream as a very fine and desireable product full of fat (2Sa 17:29+), note: NEB, REB translates “fat;” note: context is best served (with no changing of the text) with the meaning “choice, the best.”

9148 שִׁפְחָה (šip̄·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8198; TWOT 2442a—1. LN 87.76–87.86 female slave, maidservant, i.e., a person owned by another for service, usually of low social status, but with some societal rights (Ge 12:16); 2. LN 87.58–87.75 low status, formally, servant, i.e., an address of an inferior to a superior (Ru 2:13, 13; 1Sa 1:18; 25:27; 28:21, 22; 2Sa 14:6, 7, 12, 15, 17, 19; 2Ki 4:2, 16+)

שׁפט (špṭ): see 9149

9149 שָׁפַט (šā·p̄ǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 8199; TWOT 2443—1. LN 56.20–56.34 (qal) judge, decide, i.e., adjudicate a matter between two parties in a court or a less formal setting, implying both the authority to punish and finality of the decision (Ex 18:16); (nif) be judged (Ps 9:20[EB 19]+); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 (qal) lead, govern, judge, i.e., act. as a leader or ruler over a people with a special focus on the authority to punish and fairness of the leader, as an extension of being a courtroom judge (1Ki 3:9); 3. LN 56.2–56.3 (qal) give legal aid, defend a cause, vindicate, i.e., give legal arguments on behalf of the accused (Isa 1:17); (nif) litigate, argue a matter, be brought to trial (1Sa 12:7; Ps 37:33; 109:7; Pr 29:9; Isa 43:26; 59:4+), note: NIV translates “confront with evidence”; 4. LN 56.35 (nif) execute justice, i.e., obtain justice and rightness to one who has been wronged (2Ch 22:8; Isa 66:16; Jer 2:35; 25:31; Eze 17:20; 20:35, 36; 38:22; Joel 4:2[EB 3:2]+); 5. LN 56.20–56.34 (poel ptcp.) a judge, i.e., pertaining to one you plead before, who makes decisions, and executes judgment (Jdg 9:15+), note: for qal act. ptcp. masc.sing. as noun, see 9151.5; note: further study may yield more domains

9150 שֶׁפֶט (šě·p̄ěṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8201; TWOT 2443a—LN 38.1–38.13 punishment, judgment, i.e., act. of inflicting pain or suffering on a guilty party, either to improve behavior, or for strict justice (Ex 6:6; 7:4; 12:12; Nu 33:4; 2Ch 24:24; Pr 19:29; Eze 5:10, 15; 11:9; 14:21; 16:41; 25:11; 28:22, 26; 30:14, 19+)

9151 שָׁפָט (šā·p̄āṭ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8202;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shaphat: 1. of Simeon, an explorer (Nu 13:5+) 2. father of the prophet Elisha (1Ki 19:16, 19; 2Ki 3:11; 6:31+) 3. of David (1Ch 3:22+) 4. of Gad (1Ch 5:12+) 5. royal herdsmen for David (1Ch 27:29+)

שֹׁפֵט (šō·p̄ēṭ): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp. of 9149]; ≡ Str 8202;—1. LN 56.20–56.34 judge, i.e., one who presides over disputes in an official capacity, implying authority to proclaim judgments and make sure they do happen (Ex 2:14); 2. LN 37.48–37.95 ruler, judge, i.e., a person who rules and governs a people, implying he will rule justly and execute justice in his ruling (Jdg 2:17); 3. LN 12.1–12.42 (title of God) the Judge (Ge 18:25)

9152 שְׁפַטְיָה (šep̄ǎṭ·yā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8203;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shephatiah: 1. son of David (2Sa 3:4; 1Ch 3:3+) 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 9:8+) 3. see 9153(1.) 4. see 9153(2.) 5. see 9153(3.) 6. ancestor of returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:4; 8:8; Ne 7:9+) 7. ancestor of returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:57; Ne 7:59+) 8. of Judah (Ne 11:4+) 9. son of Mattan, who breathed murder against Jeremiah (Jer 38:1+)

9153 שְׁפַטְיָהוּ (šep̄ǎṭ·yā·hû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8203;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shephatiahu (Shephatiah NIV): 1. another of Benjamin (1Ch 12:6[EB 5]+) 2. of Simeon (1Ch 27:16+) 3. son of King Jehoshaphat (2Ch 21:2+), see also 9152

9154 שִׁפְטָן (šip̄·ṭān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8204;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shiphtan: of Ephraim (Nu 34:24+)

9155 I. שְׁפִי (šep̄î): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8205; TWOT 2440b—LN 1.46–1.50 barren height, i.e., an elevated spot with little or no vegetation (Nu 23:3; Isa 41:18; 49:9; Jer 3:2, 21; 4:11; 7:29; 12:12; 14:6+), note: used as a lookout point; note: Job 33:21 K+, for Q, see 9142

9156 II. שְׁפִי (šep̄î): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8195;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shephi: son of Shobal (1Ch 1:40+), note: for NIV text, see 9143

9157 I. שֻׁפִּים (šǔp·pîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8206;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shuppim: of Korah, a gatekeeper (1Ch 26:16+)

9158 II. שֻׁפִּים (šǔp·pîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8206;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) (NIV) Shuppites: pertaining to a clan of Benjamin (1Ch 7:12, 15+), note: most versions translate “Shuppim” implying that this is a person, not a gentilic, note: NEB, REB, NAB amend text by deleting

9159 שְׁפִיפֹן (šep̄î·p̄ōn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8207; TWOT 2448a—LN 4.51–4.57 viper, serpent, reptile snake, i.e., a venomous snake, usually identified in the family Viperidae (Ge 49:17+), note: NIV, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, NJB, Tanakh, “viper;” NASB, NEB, REB, NAB, “horned snake;” KJV, ASV, “adder;” Holladay sugg. “horned snake,” Zamenis diadema; BDB identifies as Cerastes cornutus (horned snake) or Hasselquistii

9160 שָׁפִיר (šā·p̄îr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8208;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shaphir: place, possibly in Judah (Mic 1:11+)

שׁפךְ (špk): see 9161

9161 שָׁפַךְ (šā·p̄ǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 8210; TWOT 2444—1. LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) pour out, shed, spill, drain, cause to flow, i.e., the movement of a liquid or dry mass, out of a container or corpus (Ex 4:9); (nif) be outpoured (Dt 12:27; 1Ki 13:3, 5+); (hitp) be scattered, poured here and there (La 4:1+), note: for “bleeding,” see also domain LN 23.142–23.184; 2. LN 13.104–13.163 (qal) cause to happen, formally, pour out, shed, spill, i.e., cause or make an event happen with intensity or great amount, as a figurative extension of pouring a liquid or mass out of a container (La 4:11; Eze 9:8); (qal pass.) happen, formally, outpoured (Eze 20:33, 34+); 3. LN 45 (qal) build, construct, formally, pour out, i.e., built a mound of dirt into an elevated construction (2Sa 20:15; 2Ki 19:32; Isa 37:33; Jer 6:6; Eze 4:2; 17:17; 21:27[EB 22]; 26:8; Da 11:15+); 4. LN 59.48–59.61 (qal) lavish, bestow, i.e., give out an object in great abundance, as a figurative extension of pouring out liquid from a container (Eze 16:15); 5. LN 25.223–25.250 (nif) be weak, formally, be emptied or poured out, i.e., not have physical/emotional strength, as a figurative extension of a container being empty of a thin, fast-pouring liquid (Ps 22:15[EB 14]; La 2:11+), see also domain LN 23.142–23.184; 6. LN 15.118–15.122 (pual) slip, lose hold, formally, poured out, i.e., not have a firm foot grip, as a figurative extension of losing liquid out of a container (Ps 73:2 Q+),note: this may refer to sinning or thinking improperly; 7. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: (qal) שָׁפַךְ דָּם (šā·p̄ǎḵ dām) kill, cause death, formally, shed or spill blood, i.e., kill another, as an extension bleeding out a person or animal (Ge 9:6); 8. LN 31.82–31.101 unit: (qal) שָׁפַךְ לֵבָב (šā·p̄ǎḵ lē·ḇāḇ) trust, rely, formally, pour out heart, i.e., count on and regard an object to the point of reliance to a great degree (Ps 62:9[EB 8]+); 9. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: (qal pass.) שָׁפַךְ דָּם (šā·p̄ǎḵ dām) killed, be dead, formally, blood be shed (Ps 79:10+); 10. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: (nif) שָׁפַךְ דָּם (šā·p̄ǎḵ dām) killed, be dead, formally, blood be shed (Ge 9:6; Dt 19:10+); 11. LN 88.271–88.282 unit: (nif) שָׁפַךְ נְחֹשֶׁת (šā·p̄ǎḵ neḥō·šěṯ)2 engage in sexual excess, formally, pour out the genitals, i.e., engage in shameful acts of sex with no shame (Eze 16:36+), note: use of the verb “pour out” does not require the object be some kind of liquid, but is used as a figure of “completeness.”; 12. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: (pual) שָׁפַךְ דָּם (šā·p̄ǎḵ dām) killed, be dead, formally, blood be shed (Nu 35:33; Zep 1:17+); 13. LN 20.61–20.88 unit: (hitp) שָׁפַךְ נֶפֶשׁ (šā·p̄ǎḵ ně·p̄ěš) die, formally, ebb away the soul, i.e., be in the last stages of life, with death very near, as a figurative extension of pouring liquid out of a container here and there (Job 30:16; La 2:12+)

9162 שֶׁפֶךְ (šě·p̄ěḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8211; TWOT 2444a—LN 79.48–79.56 dump, refuse place, formally, pouring out place, i.e., a place to throw out rubbish, so an unclean place (Lev 4:12+)

9163 שָׁפְכָה (šāp̄·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8212; TWOT 2444b—LN 8.9–8.69 male organ, penis, i.e., the reproductive and urinary organ of the male (Dt 23:2[EB 1]+)

שׁפל (špl): see 9164

9164 I. שָׁפֵל (šā·p̄ēl): v.; ≡ Str 8213; TWOT 2445—1. LN 87.58–87.75 (qal) humbled, i.e., be in a state of low status, implying the humbled object is now defeated or in need, or possible have feelings of shame or humility (Isa 2:9, 11, 12, 17; 5:15+); (hif) humble, humiliate (1Sa 2:7; 2Sa 22:28; Job 22:29; 40:11; Ps 18:28[EB 27]; 75:8[EB 7]; Pr 25:7; 29:23; Isa 13:11; 25:11; Eze 21:31[EB 26]+); 2. LN 81.3–81.11 (qal) be brought low, leveled, i.e., be brought to a low position from some raised or high position (Isa 10:33; 29:4; 32:19; 40:4+), note: this may refer to being humble or being humbled; in other contexts, it refers to being destroyed or dead; (hif) bring low, cause to go down (Ps 113:6; 147:6; Isa 25:12; 26:5; 57:9; Jer 13:18; Eze 17:24+); 3. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) be low, i.e., be of a low volume of sound (Ecc 12:4+)

9165 שֵׁפֶל (šē·p̄ěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8216; TWOT 2445a—LN 87.58–87.75 low estate, humble condition, i.e., a state or condition of low status (Ps 136:23; Ecc 10:6+)

9166 שָׁפָל (šā·p̄āl): adj.; ≡ Str 8217; TWOT 2445c—1. LN 81.3–81.11 low, i.e., pertaining to a low height above the surface of an object (Eze 17:6; 17:24+); 2. LN 81.3–81.11 deep, i.e., pertaining to a thickness of space below a surface of an object (Lev 13:20, 21, 26; 14:37+); 3. LN 87.58–87.75 humble, humiliated, lowly, i.e., pertaining to a low status or rank, with a focus on persons of such status (2Sa 6:22; Job 5:11; Ps 138:6; Pr 16:19; 29:23; Isa 57:15; Eze 17:14; 21:31[EB 26]; 29:14, 15; Mal 2:9+)

9167 II. שָׁפֵל (šā·p̄ēl): adj.—LN 87.58–87.75 humbled, low, i.e., pertaining to being of low status (Isa 2:12+), note: in context the low status is caused by another, as contrasted with self-abasement

9168 שִׁפְלָה (šip̄·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8218; TWOT 2445b—LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, flatten, i.e., to have a complete destruction of a space as an extension of being in a low estate (Isa 32:19+), note: some sources translate “humiliation, lowliness” as a state of low status, see also domain LN 87.58–87.75

9169 שְׁפֵלָה (šep̄ē·lā(h)): n.pr. [oth n.fem.]; ≡ Str 8219; TWOT 2445d—LN 93-place (loc.) (NRSV, REB, Tanakh) Shephelah, the Lowland, : a major north-south strip of elevated foothills between the Philistine coastal plain and the highlands of Judah (Dt 1:7; Jos 9:1; 10:40; 11:2, 16; 12:8; 15:33; Jdg 1:9; 1Ki 10:27; 1Ch 27:28; 2Ch 1:15; 9:27; 26:10; 28:18; Jer 17:26; 32:44; 33:13; Ob 19; Zec 7:7+), note: NIV translates “western foothills,” as do most versions

9170 שִׁפְלוּת (šip̄·lûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8220; TWOT 2445e—LN 42.41–42.50 idleness, inactivity, formally, lowering (of hands), i.e., a state or condition of not doing work or being diligent (Ecc 10:18+), see also domain LN 88.246–88.251

9171 שָׁפָם (šā·p̄ām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8223;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shapham: of Gad (1Ch 5:12+)

9172 שְׁפָם (šep̄ām): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8221;—LN 93-place (loc.) Shepham: place on NE boundary of Canaan (Nu 34:10, 11+)

9173 שֻׁפִּם (šǔp·pim): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8309; TWOT 2334a—see 9158 (male) (1Ch 7:12+)

9174 שִׁפֲמוֹת (ši·p̄ǎmôṯ): n.pr.—see 8560 (loc.) (1Sa 30:28+)

9175 שִׁפְמִי (šip̄·mî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8225;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shiphmite: pertaining to Shepham (1Ch 27:27+), see 9172, note: some place as native of Siphmoth, see 8560

9176 I. שָׁפָן (šā·p̄ān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8227; TWOT 2446a—LN 4.1–4.37 coney, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: cud chewing mammal, a small-hoofed animal with thick set body with short legs and ears and a short tail; likely the Syrian coney (also known as a daman or rock-badger), Procavia syriaca equals Hyrax syriacus (Lev 11:5; Dt 14:7; Ps 104:18; Pr 30:26+), note: KJV, ASV, NIV, NJB, “coney;” BDB, Lisowsky, RSV, NRSV, NAB, NASB, NEB, REB, “rock-badger;” NKJV, “rock hyrax;” Tanakh, “daman;” NEB ftn, “rock rabbit.”

9177 II. שָׁפָן (šā·p̄ān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8227; TWOT 2446a—LN 93-pers. (male) Shaphan: 1. secretary of King Josiah (2Ki 22:3–14 passim; 25:22; 2Ch 34:8–20 passim; Jer 26:24–43:6 passim+) 2. father of Jaazaniah (Eze 8:11+), note: BDB has a different analysis of possibly five persons

שׁפע (špʿ): see 9178

9178 שָׁפַע (šā·p̄ǎʿ): v.—LN 47.1–47.7 (qal) flow abundantly, i.e., have a liberal amount of a mass flow down a river (Job 40:23 cj+), note: for MT text, see 6943; note: in context, being in a flooding river can be a physical danger for normal abilities

9179 שֶׁפַע (šě·p̄ǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8228; TWOT 2447a—LN 59.48–59.61 abundance, sup.-excess, i.e., that which is far more than enough (Dt 33:19+), note: “abundance of the sea” can refer to fisheries and maritime commerce

9180 שִׁפְעָה (šip̄·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8229; TWOT 2447b—1. LN 59.1–59.10 abundance, many, i.e., a state or condition of having a collection of many objects (Eze 26:10+), note: in context this refers to a collection of animals; 2. LN 55.7–55.13 troops, army, formally, abundance, i.e., a collection of soldiers (2Ki 9:17+); 3. LN 4.1–4.37 herd, i.e., a collection of many animals (Isa 60:6+); 4. LN 14.17–14.35 unit: שִׁפְעָה מַיִם (šip̄·ʿā(h) mǎ·yim) flood, formally, abundance of water, i.e., a large mass of water, but with a focus on the potential movement as opposed to actual movement of the mass of water (Job 22:11; 38:34+)

9181 שִׁפְעִי (šip̄·ʿî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8230;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shiphi: of Simeon (1Ch 4:37+)

שִׁפְעַת (šip̄·ʿǎṯ) BDB: see 9180

שׁפר (špr): see 9182

9182 שָׁפַר (šā·p̄ǎr): v.; ≡ Str 8231; TWOT 2449—LN 25.85–25.98 (qal pf.) be delightful, be pleasing, i.e., be in a state which causes pleasure and enjoyment (Ps 16:6+)

9183 I. שֶׁפֶר (šě·p̄ěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8233; TWOT 2449a—LN 79.9–79.17 beauty, loveliness, i.e., a state or condition of being attractive in appearance and so desireable and pleasant to look at (Ge 49:21+)

9184 II. שֶׁפֶר (šě·p̄ěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8234;—LN 93-place (a mountain) Shepher: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:23, 24+)

שֹׁפָר (šō·p̄ār) BDB: see 8795

9185 I. שִׁפְרָה (šip̄·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8235; TWOT 2449b—LN 14.1–14.3 clearness, brightness, i.e., a state or condition which has a bright sun and little or no clouds, implying a pleasant weather condition (Job 26:13+), note: NIV translates “fair;” note: some sources change text to 9182 piel “polish”

9186 II. שִׁפְרָה (šip̄·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8236;—LN 93-pers. (female) Shiphrah: Hebrew midwife in Egypt (Ex 1:15+)

שׁפרור (šprwr) BDB: see 9187

9187 שַׁפְרוּר (šǎp̄·rûr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8237; TWOT 2449d—see 9188 (Jer 43:10 K+)

9188 שַׁפְרִיר (šǎp̄·rîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8237; TWOT 2449d—LN 7.2–7.25 canopy, pavilion, state-tent, i.e., a tent-like covering (possibly of bright-colored material) over an area for protection from the element, possibly with full or partial tent wall (Jer 43:10 Q+), note: in context, this is a royal canopy where a throne of a king resides, implying rulership over an area; note: some translate as “tapestry, cover” as ornaments covering a throne

שׁפת (špt): see 9189

9189 שָׁפַת (šā·p̄ǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 8239; TWOT 2441a—1. LN 85.32–85.54 (qal) place, put, i.e., set something upon a location (2Ki 4:38; Ps 22:16[EB 15]; Eze 24:3+); 2. LN 76 (qal) establish, authorize, ratify, i.e., validate and enforce a certain state (Isa 26:12+), note: in context peace is established

שְׁפַתַּיִם (šep̄ǎt·tǎ·yim) BDB, Lisowsky: see 9190, 9191

שְׁפַתָּיִם (šep̄ǎt·tā·yim) BDB: see 9190

9190 I. שְׁפַתַּיִם (šep̄ǎt·tǎ·yim): n.[masc.] dual; ≡ Str 8240; TWOT 2450—1. LN 2.3–2.6 (BDB, NIV) campfires, i.e., a heap of burning material (Ps 68:14[EB 13]+); note: KJV, “pots;” note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.118–6.151 (Holladay) pack-saddles, saddle-bags, i.e., bags and saddles piled on beasts of burden during the day, and taken off and kept in camp at night (Ps 68:14[EB 13]+), note: this may refer to the pack frame, and not the bags themselves; 3. LN 7.54–7.56 (most versions) sheepfold, i.e., an area where sheep are contained by fences and walls (Ps 68:14[EB 13]+); note: neither etymology or context is determinative of the exact reference this thing is, “campfire” is likely the best contextual meaning. The common features of these meanings is each is a place of relative inactivity, compared to the frenzy of plundering going on in another place; see also 5478

9191 II. שְׁפַתַּיִם (šep̄ǎt·tǎ·yim): n.[masc.] dual; ≡ Str 8240; TWOT 2450—1. LN 6.14–6.22 (most versions) double-pronged hooks (Eze 40:43+), note: NRSV, “pegs;” for another interp, see next; 2. LN 6.106–6.117 (Tanakh) shelves, i.e., a place to set down things as part of a furniture (Eze 40:43+), note: NJB, “runnel;” REB, “rim;” NAB, NEB, “ledge;” note: though contextually either meaning is possible, the editor thinks “hooks” best furthers the context and logical setting described in that context

9192 שֶׁצֶף (šě·ṣěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8241; TWOT 2373a—LN 78.1–78.27 surge, formally, flood, i.e., a relatively high degree of a state as a figurative extension of a torrent of water (Isa 54:8+)

I. שׁקד (šqd): see 9193, 9195

II. שׁקד (šqd): see 9194

9193 I. שָׁקַד (šā·qǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 8245; TWOT 2451—1. LN 37.119–37.126 (qal) watch, stand guard, i.e., control access into and out of an area or persons that are valuable or notorious, implying care or duty for the object guarded (Ezr 8:29; Job 21:32; Ps 127:1; Pr 8:34+); 2. LN 23.66–23.77 (qal) be awake, i.e., not be in a state of sleep when one normally should, implying a nervous or anxious state (Ps 102:8[EB 7]+); 3. LN 27.55–27.60 (qal) watch out for, pay attention, i.e., be in readiness and alertness to learn information about an object or situation, implying an action will follow (Jer 1:12; 31:28; 44:27+); 4. LN 39.51 (qal) lie in wait, ambush, formally, watch over, i.e., conceal oneself and observe movements until an opportune time to attack (Jer 5:6+); 5. LN 25.68–25.79 (qal) be intent, have eager desire, be devoted to, i.e., have a feeling or attitude of earnestness toward a goal, as a figurative extension of carefully watching to learn information, or guarding an object (Isa 29:20+); 6. LN 77 (qal) keep ready, be prepared, not hesitate, i.e., be in a state of being primed and set to take an action, as a figurative extension of carefully watching to learn information, or guarding an object (Da 9:14+), note: for another interp in Ps 102:8[EB 7], see 9194; La 1:14, see 8567

9194 II. שָׁקַד (šā·qǎḏ): v.; ≡ Str 8245; TWOT 2451—LN 23.142–23.184 (qal) be emaciated, i.e., be physically wasted away, possibly implying loss of weight, and so in a weakened state (Ps 102:8[EB 7]+), note: for another interp, see 9194

9195 III. שָׁקַד (šā·qǎḏ): v. [BDB]—see 5481 (pual ptcp.) (Ex 25:33,34; 37:19,20+)

9196 שָׁקֵד (šā·qēḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8247; TWOT 2451a—1. LN 3.2–3.12 almond tree, i.e., a fruit tree with a beautiful white blossom with pink highlights Prunus amygdalus communis (Ecc 12:5; Jer 1:11+); 2. LN 3.33–3.46 almond nuts, i.e., the kernel of the fruit of the almond tree, eaten whole and also processed into oil (Ge 43:11; Nu 17:23[EB 8]+)

שׁקה (šqh): see 9197

9197 שָׁקָה (šā·qā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8248; TWOT 2452—1. (hif) give a drink, i.e., let, allow, or cause a creature to drink liquid of various kinds (Ge 2:6, 10; 19:32, 33, 34, 35; 21:19; 24:14, 18, 19, 43, 45, 46, 46; 29:2, 3, 7, 8, 10; Ex 2:16, 17, 19; 32:20; Nu 5:24, 26, 27; 20:8; Jdg 4:19; 1Sa 30:11; 2Sa 23:15; 1Ch 11:17; 2Ch 28:15; Est 1:7; Job 22:7; Ps 36:9[EB 8]; 60:5[EB 3]; 69:22[EB 21]; 78:15; 80:6[EB 5]; 104:11; Pr 25:21; SS 8:2; Isa 43:20; Jer 8:14; 9:14[EB 15]; 16:7; 23:15; 25:15, 17; 35:2; Am 2:12; Hab 2:15+), note: the substance drunk can be refreshing, nutritious, or poison; note: in some contexts the drinking can refer to the causing an object to have a particular experience, see also domain LN 90.85–90.97; 2. LN 47.1–47.7 (hif) water, i.e., cause water to go on plants (Dt 11:10; Ps 104:13; Ecc 2:6; Isa 27:3; Eze 17:7; 32:6; Joel 4:18[EB 3:18]+)note: in some contexts the watering can refer to the causing an object to have a particular experience, see also domain LN 90.85–90.97; 3. LN 79.78–79.83 (pual) moist, i.e., pertaining to not being dry, as the feature of an object (Job 21:24+), note: NIV translates “rich;” note: Am 8:8 nif, see 1763

שָׁקֵה (šā·qē(h)): see 8072

9198 שִׁקּוּי (šiq·qûy): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8249, 8250; TWOT 2452a—1. LN 5.1–5.22 drink, i.e., a liquid which brings necessary fluid or nourishment to the body (Ps 102:10[EB 9]; Hos 2:7[EB 5]+); 2. LN 23.78–23.87 refreshment, formally, drink, i.e., a state or condition of restorative rest and so sense of well-being, as a figurative extension of nourishing health drink or elixir (Pr 3:8+)

שְׁקוּף (šeqûp̄), שָׁקוּף (šā·qûp̄) BDB: see 9209

9199 שִׁקּוּץ (šiq·qûṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8251; TWOT 2459b—1. LN 53.33–53.40 vileness, i.e., a state of detestable uncleanness (Hos 9:10+); 2. LN 53.33–53.40 vile idol, i.e., an idol, and the pagan god which it represents, with a special focus of being an abominable, repulsive thing which causes covenantal uncleanness (Dt 29:16[EB 17]; 1Ki 11:5, 7; 2Ki 23:13,24; 2Ch 15:8; Isa 66:3; Jer 4:1; 7:30; 13:27; 16:18; 32:34; Eze 5:11; 7:20; 11:18, 21; 20:7, 8, 30; 37:23+), see also domain LN 6.96–6.101; 3. LN 53.33–53.40 filth, i.e., a vile object which can be thrown, and contact brings abhorrence and uncleanness (Na 3:6+); 4. LN 53.33–53.40 forbidden food, i.e., any of the food which cause uncleanness (Zec 9:7+), see also domain LN 5.1–5.22; 5. LN 53.33–53.40 unit: שִׁקּוּץ שָׁמֵם (šiq·qûṣ šā·mēm)1 abomination that causes desolation, a horrible thing which defiles, i.e., an object or event causing the vacating of a holy site (Da 9:27; 11:31; 12:11+)

שׁקט (šqṭ): see 9200

9200 שָׁקַט (šā·qǎṭ): v.; ≡ Str 8252; TWOT 2453—1. LN 22.42–22.47 (qal) be at rest, be at peace, i.e., be in a favorable circumstance, implying ease, security, and satisfaction, with lack of tumult or strife (Jos 11:23); (hif) grant relief (Ps 94:13; Eze 16:49+); 2. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) be quiet, i.e., not make any sound, implying inaction by the object (Ps 76:9[EB 8]); (hif) keep silent, be hushed (Job 37:17+); 3. LN 33.69–33.108 (qal) be silent, i.e., not make any communication by speech (Isa 62:1); (hif) keep silent, remain quiet (Job 34:29+); 4. LN 25.167–25.178 (qal) be calm, i.e., cause an attitude or emotion of patience and lack of strife or anger in the midst of a provocation (Eze 16:42); (hif) cause calm (Pr 15:18; Isa 7:4; 30:15; 32:17; Jer 49:23+); 5. LN 14.17–14.35 (qal) rest, be still, be calm, i.e., not have a liquid mass in surging, rolling, swirling motion (Jer 48:11); (hif) rest (Isa 57:20+)

9201 שֶׁקֶט (šě·qěṭ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8253; TWOT 2453a—LN 22.42–22.47 quietness, i.e., a state or condition of favorable circumstances, with a focus on lack of tumult and fighting, implying an ease of life (1Ch 22:9+)

שׁקל (šql): see 9202

9202 שָׁקַל (šā·qǎl): v.; ≡ Str 8254; TWOT 2454—LN 86.1–86.3 (qal) weigh out, pay according to scale, i.e., place a volume of material on a standardized scale, in order to calculate units of value of an object, or make payment in a financial transaction (Ge 23:16; Ex 22:16[EB 17]; 2Sa 14:26; 18:12; 1Ki 20:39; Ezr 8:25, 26, 29; Est 3:9; 4:7; Job 6:2a; 31:6; Isa 33:18; 40:12; 46:6; 55:2; Jer 32:9, 10; Zec 11:12+), note: for a semantic focus on payment in a financial transaction, see also domain LN 57.152–57.171; note: Job 31:6 refers to the act. of justice and fairness, see also domain LN 88.12–88.23; (nif) weighed (Ezr 8:33; Job 6:2b; 28:15+)

9203 שֶׁקֶל (šě·qěl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8255; TWOT 2454a—LN 86.4–86.5 shekel, unit of weight, i.e., a monetary unit made of precious metal, varying in weight of about a third to just under half an ounce (10 to 13 grams) (1Sa 9:8), see also LN 6.68–6.82; note: in some post-exilic contexts, this may refer to coinage, but usually it refers to a weight

9204 שִׁקְמָה (šiq·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8256; TWOT 2455—LN 3.2–3.12 sycamore-fig tree, a fruit tree with sweet and edible fruit, Ficus sycomorus (1Ki 10:27; 1Ch 27:28; 2Ch 1:15; 9:27; Ps 78:47; Isa 9:9[EB 10]; Am 7:14+)

שׁקע (šqʿ): see 9205

9205 שָׁקַע (šā·qǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 8257; TWOT 2456—1. LN 15.118–15.122 (qal) sink down, i.e., have an object or mass go to a lower elevation (Jer 51:64; Am 9:5+), note: in some contexts this may refer to the low status, or possibly destruction; (nif) sink (Am 8:8 Q+); (hif) make sink down, make settle (Eze 32:14+), note: for non-linear movement, see also domain LN 16; for focus on low spatial position, see also domain LN 81.3–81.11; 2. LN 59.62–59.71 (qal) reside, become less, die down, i.e., decrease in amount or intensity (Nu 11:2+); 3. LN 18.12–18.23 (hif) bind up, tie down, hold down, i.e., bind one object to another to restrict movement (Job 40:25[EB 41:1]+)

9206 שְׁקַעֲרוּרָה (šeqǎ·ʿǎrû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8258; TWOT 2047b—LN 79.104–79.109 depression, hollow, i.e., an area lower than the surface of an object, as a feature of an object (Lev 14:37+)

שְׁקַעֲרוּרֹת (šeqǎ·ʿǎrû·rōṯ) Lisowsky: see 9206

שׁקף (šqp): see 9207

9207 שָׁקַף (šā·qǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 8259; TWOT 2457—1. LN 81.3–81.11 (nif) be high in elevation, formally, look down on, overlook, i.e., be at an elevation which is high in relation to other lower positions, as a figurative extension of eyes looking down at an object (Nu 21:20; 23:28; 1Sa 13:18; Ps 85:12[EB 11]+); 2. LN 24.1–24.51 (nif) look down, peer down, watch, i.e., use the perception of sight to observe an object, usually from an upper position, implying interest in the object being watched (Jdg 5:28; 2Sa 6:16; 1Ch 15:29; Pr 7:6+); (hif) look down (Ge 18:16; 19:28; 26:8; Ex 14:24; Dt 26:15; 2Sa 24:20; 2Ki 9:30, 32; Ps 14:2; 53:3[EB 2]; 102:20[EB 19]; La 3:50+); 3. LN 81.3–81.11 (nif) risen higher, formally, look down, i.e., to become higher and more prominent in appearance, as a figurative extension of one looking down on an object which is lower (SS 6:10+); 4. LN 77 (nif) loom, be immanent, i.e., have an action be ready and prepared to occur, as a figurative extension of one looking down on lower land (like a scout?) (Jer 6:1+)

9208 שָׁקֶף (šā·qěp̄): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8260; TWOT 2458a—LN 7.63–7.76 doorframe, i.e., the framework casing around a door (1Ki 7:5+)

שֶׁקֶף (šě·qěp̄) BDB, Lisowsky: see 9208

9209 שְׁקֻפִים (šeqǔ·p̄îm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8261; TWOT 2458b—LN 7.26–7.53 special-design window, a window of some notable design, currently unknown (1Ki 6:4; 7:4+), note: BDB translates “frame, casing;” note: NIV translates “clerestory window, high placed window;” oth “latticed, slatted, embrasured, slabbed.”

שׁקץ (šqṣ): see 9210

9210 שָׁקַץ (šā·qǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 8262; TWOT 2459—1. LN 53.33–53.40 (piel) detest, abhor, disdain, i.e., have a strong emotional response of rejection and antipathy, since improper contact can cause ritual uncleanness (Lev 11:11, 13; Dt 7:26+), see also LN 88.192–88.197; 2. LN 88.192–88.197 (piel) disdain, detest, i.e., feel contempt or scorn for those seen as bad, dirty, or without value (Ps 22:25[EB 24]+); 3. LN 53.33–53.40 (piel) defile, make common, i.e., cause ceremonial contamination (Lev 11:43; 20:25+); see also domain LN 25.251–25.269, LN 88.198–88.205

9211 שֶׁקֶץ (šě·qěṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8263; TWOT 2459a, 2459b—LN 53.33–53.40 detestable thing, a loathing, an abomination, i.e., an object toward which one feels intense antipathy and rejection, since improper contact can cause ritual uncleanness (Lev 7:21; 11:10, 11, 12, 13, 20, 23, 41, 42; Isa 66:17; Eze 8:10+)

שִׁקֵּץ (šiq·qēṣ) BDB: see 9210

שִׁקֻּץ (šiq·qǔṣ) BDB: see 9199

שׁקק (šqq): see 9212

9212 שָׁקַק (šā·qǎq): v.; ≡ Str 8264; TWOT 2460—LN 15.222 (qal) rush forth, charge, i.e., make a sudden, intense linear motion, implying violence if it makes contact with an object (Pr 28:15; Isa 33:4; Joel 2:9+); (hitpalpel) rush back and forth (Na 2:5[EB 4]+), note: for qal act. ptcp. as a in Ps 107:9, Isa 29:8, see 8799

שׁקר (šqr): see 9213

9213 שָׁקַר (šā·qǎr): v.; ≡ Str 8266; TWOT 2461—1. LN 31.8–31.13 (qal) deal falsely with (Ge 21:23+); (piel) deceive, i.e., mislead and so cause a mistaken belief (Lev 19:11; ), see also domain LN 33.251–33.255; 2. LN 33.251–33.255 (piel) lie, i.e., communicate something that is not true (1Sa 15:29; ); 3. LN 31.82–31.101 (piel) unfaithful, formally, false, i.e., betray a person or principle by leaving it and no longer relying upon it (Ps 44:18[EB 17]; 89:34[EB 33]; Isa 63:8+)

שָׁקֶר (šā·qěr): see 9214

9214 שֶׁקֶר (šě·qěr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8267; TWOT 2461a—1. LN 31.8–31.13 deception, misleading falseness, i.e., a state or condition which is utterly false, and causes a mistaken belief (Ex 20:16), see also domain LN 33.251–33.255; 2. LN 33.251–33.255 lie, i.e., a verbal communication which is false (Job 13:4); 3. LN 33.251–33.255 liar, i.e., one who utters falsehoods and lies (Pr 17:4); 4. LN 89.15–89.38 for no reason, formally, vanity, i.e., pertaining to there being no cause (Ps 119:86); 5. LN 65.30–65.39 vanity, uselessness, i.e., what has no value and is of no use (1Sa 25:21), note: for Pr 17:4 cj, see 9215

9215 שַׁקָּר (šǎq·qār): n.masc.—see 8557 (Pr 17:4 cj+), note: apparently, this replaces the MT text of 8557, but the editor is not certain

שֵׁקֶת (šē·qěṯ) BDB: see 9216

9216 שֹׁקֶת (šō·qěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8268; TWOT 2452b—LN 6.118–6.151 trough, i.e., a large open container for watering animals (Ge 24:20; 30:38+)

שֹׁקֵת (šō·qēṯ) Lisowsky: see 9216

שֹׁקֶת (šō·qěṯ) BDB: see 9216

שִׁקֲתוֹת (ši·qǎṯôṯ) BDB: see 9216 (Ge 30:38)

שָׁר (šār): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.sing. of 8876]; ≡ Str 8268; TWOT 2452b—LN 6.83–6.95 musician, i.e., a male who plays a musical instrument, sings, or directs musicians (2Sa 19:36a[EB 35a]; 1Ki 10:12; 2Ch 9:11; 35:25a; Eze 40:44; Ps 68:26[EB 25]; 87:7; Ecc 2:8a note: for NIV text in Eze 40:44, see 9109)

9217 I. שֵׁר (šēr): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 8285; TWOT 2469b—LN 6.188–6.196 (most versions) bracelet, i.e., an ornament around the wrist (Isa 3:19+), note: (NEB, Holladay) bangle, chainlet, i.e., an ornamental anklet or bracelet

9218 II. שֵׁר (šēr): n.[masc.]—see 9219 (Pr 3:8+), note: Holladay suggests text as 1414 or 8638

9219 שֹׁר (šōr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8270; TWOT 2469a—1. LN 8.9–8.69 navel, a visible, external depression in the middle of the abdomen that marks where the umbilical cord once resided (SS 7:3[EB 2]+); 2. LN 8.9–8.69 umbilical cord, i.e., an organ which connects the placenta and the fetus during the period of gestation (Eze 16:4+); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 organs, body, formally, navel, i.e., any of the vital organs of the body as an extension of the navel (Pr 3:8+), see also 9218; note: some change text to 1414 or 8638, see BHS ftn

שַׁרְאֶצֶר (šǎr·ʾě·ṣěr) BDB: see 8570

9220 שָׁרָב (šā·rāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8273; TWOT 2462a—1. LN 14.63–14.73 desert heat, i.e., a very hot, dry, parching heat (Isa 49:10+), see also domain LN 79.70–79.77; 2. LN 14.63–14.73 hot sand, i.e., natural desert sand which is burning hot (Isa 35:7+), see also domain LN 2.14–2.28

9221 שֵׁרֵבְיָה (šē·rē·ḇeyā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8274;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sherebiah: 1. trusted Levite of Ezra, instructor in Torah (Ezr 8:18, 24; Ne 8:7; 9:4, 5+) 2. signer of the covenant (Ne 10:13[EB 12]+) 3. returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:8+) 4. another returnee from captivity with Zerubbabel (Ne 12:24+)

9222 שַׁרְבִיט (šǎr·ḇîṭ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8275; TWOT 2314b—LN 6.188–6.196 scepter, staff, i.e., an ornamental stick held by a ruler as a symbol of authority or rulership, likely similar in shape to a shepherds cane (Est 4:11; 5:2; 8:4+), see also 8657

שׁרה (šrh): see 9223

שָׁרָה (šā·rā(h)): n.fem. [oth qal act.ptcp. fs of 8876]; ≡ Str 8275; TWOT 2314b—LN 6.83–6.95 musician, i.e., a female who plays a musical instrument, sings, or directs musicians (2Sa 19:36a[EB 35a]; 2Ch 35:25b; Ecc 2:8b+)

שָׁרָה (šā·rā(h))[1] Lisowsky: see 8805 or 9224

שָׁרָה (šā·rā(h))[2] Lisowsky: see 9222.5

9223 I. שָׁרָה (šā·rā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 3474, 8281;—1. LN 37.127–37.138 (qal) unleash, release, i.e., allow an object of travel and move without restraint (Job 37:3+); 2. LN 21.17–21.24 (piel) deliver, set free, i.e., cause one to be safe from danger by intervention (Jer 15:11 Q+)

9224 II. שָׁרָה (šā·rā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 8281, 8284; TWOT 2355b—LN 3.13–3.32 vineyard, i.e., cultivated orchard of grapevines, often walled and the area tended (Jer 5:10+), note: see also 8803

שָׁרָה (šā·rā(h))[3] Lisowsky: n.fem.—see 8800 caravan (Eze 27:25+)

9225 שֵׁרָה (šē·rā(h)): n.[fem.]—see 9217 an alt. lexical form (Isa 3:19+)

9226 שָׁרוּחֶן (šā·rû·ḥěn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8287;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sharuhen: town of Simeon, commonly located at (Jos 19:6+), see also 9139

9227 שָׁרוֹן (šā·rôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8289;—LN 93-place (loc.) Sharon: 1. maritime or coastal plain of northern Palestine (1Ch 27:29; SS 2:1; Isa 33:9; 35:2; 65:10+) 2. pasture district E of the Jordan (1Ch 5:16+), note: possibly same as 1. 3. see 4389, note: possibly same as 1.

9228 שָׁרוֹנִי (šā·rô·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8290;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Sharonite: pertaining to Sharon (1Ch 27:29+), see 9227

9229 שְׁרוּקָה (šerû·qā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 8292; TWOT 2468b—see 9241 (Jer 18:16 K+)

שׁרות (šrwt) BDB: see 9224, 9224.5

שָׁרוֹת (šā·rôṯ) Lisowsky: see 9224, 9224.5

9230 שֵׁרוּת (šē·rûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8293; TWOT 2463—see 9223 strength (Jer 15:11 K+), note: see BHS ftn for text variants; see also BDB 1056A “strengthen” (שׁרר (šrr)); Gesenius 850 “begin” (שׁרא (šrʾ)), “strengthen” is the better contextual choice, assuming the K is the proper text; the editor prefers the Q understood as an active, transitive “released, delivered,” as textually and contextually the best solution of this enigma

שָׁרוֹתֶיהָ (šā·rô·ṯê·hā) BDB: see 9224 (Jer 5:10+)

שָׁרוֹתַיִךְ (šā·rô·ṯǎ·yiḵ) BDB: see 8879, 8801, 9224.5 (Eze 27:25+)

9231 שִׁרְטַי (šir·ṭǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 7861;—LN 93-pers. (male) (Tanakh) Shirtai: : royal supervisor of herdsmen (1Ch 27:29 K+), note: for the Q see 8855

9232 שָׁרַי (šā·rǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8298;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sharai: divorcee from a foreign wife (Ezr 10:40+)

שָׁרָי (šā·rāy) BDB: see 9232

9233 שִׁרְיָה (šir·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8302; TWOT 2465a, 2466a—LN 6.29–6.40 (most versions) javelin, lance, light-spear, i.e., a weapon which is thrown (Job 41:18[EB 26]+); (KJV) habergeon; note: Holladay translates “arrowhead”

9234 שִׁרְיוֹן (šir·yôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8302; TWOT 2466a—1. LN 6.29–6.40 coat of mail, i.e., a relatively flexible, military scale of body armor for protection in stopping piercing weapons (1Sa 17:5,38; 2Ch 26:14; Ne 4:10[EB 16]+); 2. LN 6.29–6.40 breastplate, i.e., a covering of armor over the chest area, rigid and inflexible (1Ki 22:34; 2Ch 18:33; Isa 59:17+)

שִׁרְיָן (šir·yān) BDB: see 9234 (1Ki 22:34; 2Ch 18:33; Isa 59:17+)

שְׁרִיקָה (šerî·qā(h)) BDB: see 9241

9235 שָׁרִיר (šā·rîr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8306; TWOT 2469c—LN 8.9–8.69 muscle, i.e., soft tissue of the body that produces motion when stimulated (Job 40:16+), note: some sources translate “sinew” as tendon of the body connecting muscle and bone

שְׁרִירוּת (šerî·rûṯ) BDB: see 9244 (Ps 81:13[EB 12]; Jer 11:8+)

שֵׁרִית (šē·rîṯ) BDB: see 8642 (1Ch 12:39[EB 38]+)

שֵׁרִיתִךָ (šē·rî·ṯi·ḵā) BDB: see 9223 + 3870 (Jer 15:11+)

9236 שְׁרֵמוֹת (šerē·môṯ): n.pr. [oth n.fem.pl. ]; ≡ Str 8309; TWOT 2334a—LN 93-place (with article) Hasremoth: an unknown place (Jer 31:40 K+), cf. LXX Jer 38:40, note: for Q in MT, see 8727

שׁרץ (šrṣ): see 9237

9237 שָׁרַץ (šā·rǎṣ): v.; ≡ Str 8317; TWOT 2467—1. LN 59.48–59.61 (qal) teem, swarm, multiply, be innumerable, i.e., be in a very abundant amount, as a figurative extension of the swarming creature such as insect swarms having very great abundance (Ge 1:20, 21; 8:17; 9:7; Ex 1:7; 7:28[EB 8:3]; Ps 105:30+); 2. LN 16 (qal) swarm, teem, scurry, scamper, move about, i.e., a generally non-linear darting (though possibly linear), back and forth, all around random movement of creatures in swarms or schools; also rodents or some smaller reptiles (Ge 7:21; Lev 11:29, 41, 42, 43, 46; Eze 47:9+)

9238 שֶׁרֶץ (šě·rěṣ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8318; TWOT 2467a—1. LN 4.58–4.61 swarmers, teemers, i.e., a class of creatures which are small animals found in large numbers in water, such as schools of fish (Ge 1:20; Lev 11:10+); 2. LN 4.1–4.37 swarmers, teemers, i.e., a class of creatures which are small animals found in large numbers on land, including reptile and small mammals (Ge 7:21; Lev 5:2; 11:31, 41, 42, 43, 44; 22:5+); 3. LN 4.47–4.50 swarmers, teemers, i.e., a class of creatures which are small animals found in large numbers as insects in the air (Lev 11:20, 21, 23, 29; Dt 14:19+), note: possibly these references should all be under one general domain of LN 4 since they tend to defy western classification

שׁרק (šrq): see 9239

9239 שָׁרַק (šā·rǎq): v.; ≡ Str 8319; TWOT 2468—1. LN 33.476–33.489 (qal) hiss, scoff, i.e., make a non-verbal communication of scorn and derision toward an object (1Ki 9:8; Job 27:23; Jer 19:8; 49:17; 50:13; La 2:15, 16; Eze 27:36; Zep 2:15+), note: see also domain LN 33.406–33.411 or LN 14.74–14.86; note: this communication could possibly be a whistling sound; note: the NIV often translates “scoff”; 2. (qal) whistle, i.e., make a non-verbal communication as a signal to gather a group together for either positive or negative purposes (Isa 5:26; 7:18; Zec 10:8+), note: this may also mean a piping sound from an instrument

9240 שְׁרֵקָה (šerē·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8322; TWOT 2468a—LN 88.192–88.197 object of scorn, thing of derision, formally, whistling or shrieking, i.e., one who is scorned or held in contempt as an appalling, horrible figure (2Ch 29:8; Jer 19:8; 25:9, 18; 29:18; 51:37; Mic 6:16+)

9241 שְׁרִקָה (šeri·qā(h)): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 8292; TWOT 2468b—1. LN 14.74–14.86 calling sound, a signal, i.e., a sound used as a calling signal for an animal to respond (Jdg 5:16+), note: NEB, REB “shrill callings;” NIV, NJB, “whistling,” or most versions “playing a pipe flute;” some versions think this is the sound the flocks or herds make; KJV, “bleatings;” NAB, “lowing” (of the herds); note: context suggests this is a signal made by humans for a flock, either pipe or whistle is possible in context, “whistle” is the editor’s choice, closer to the verb usage of “hissing”; 2. LN 88.192–88.197 object of scorn, formally, shriek or hiss, i.e., one who is scorned or held in contempt as an appalling, horrible figure (Jer 18:16 Q+), note: sources consider this onomatopoetic

שׁרר (šrr) KB: see 9242

9242 שָׁרַר (šā·rǎr): v.—see 8806 (Ps 5:9[EB 8]; 27:11; 54:7[EB 5]; 56:3[EB 2]; 59:11[EB 10]; Ps 92:12[EB 11] NIV+)

9243 שָׁרָר (šā·rār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8325;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sharar: father of a great warrior for David (2Sa 23:33+), see also 8511

9244 שְׁרִרוּת (šeri·rûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8307; TWOT 2469d—LN 88.223–88.226 stubbornness, formally, firmness, i.e., the state or condition of refusing to change any behavior (Dt 29:18[EB 19]; Ps 81:13[EB 12]; Jer 3:17; 7:24; 9:13[EB 14]; 11:8; 13:10; 16:12; 18:12; 23:17+)

שׁרשׁ (šrš): see 9245

9245 שָׁרַשׁ (šā·rǎš): v.; ≡ Str 8327; TWOT 2471—1. LN 43 (poel) take root, i.e., have a plant establish itself in soil both as an anchor and taking nourishment, as a first step of growing and eventually bearing fruit (Isa 40:24+); (poal) take root (Jer 12:2+); (hif) take root (Job 5:3; Ps 80:10[EB 9]; Isa 27:6+), note: in some contexts this can refer to the establishment of persons or nations; 2. LN 43 (piel) uproot, i.e., pull up a plant by the roots, with an associative meaning of destruction (Job 31:12; Ps 52:7[EB 5]+); (pual) be uprooted (Job 31:8+)

שָׁרֶשׁ (šā·rěš) BDB: see 9246

9246 שֶׁרֶשׁ (šě·rěš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8329;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sheresh: of Manasseh (1Ch 7:16+)

9247 שֹׁרֶשׁ (šō·rěš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8326, 8328; TWOT 2471a—1. LN 3.47–3.59 root, i.e., the underground part of plant that anchors and nourishes the plant (Dt 29:17[EB 18]; 2Ki 19:30; Job 8:17; 14:8; 18:16; 29:19; 30:4; Ps 80:10[EB 9]; Pr 12:12; Isa 5:24; 37:31; 53:2; Jer 17:8; Eze 17:6, 7, 9; 31:7; Hos 9:16; 14:6[EB 5]; Am 2:9; Mal 3:19[EB 4:1]+), note: in some contexts people are the reference; 2. LN 89.3 source, formally, root, i.e., that which is the derivation of an object physical or logical (Jdg 5:14; Job 19:28+); 3. LN 8.9–8.69 sole, i.e., the very bottom part of the foot that makes contact with the ground (Job 13:27+); 4. LN 1.51–1.59 base, formally, root, i.e., the portion of an elevated land mass which is below the ground which anchors the mountain (Job 28:9+); 5. LN 1.69–1.78 depths, i.e., deep places in the ocean (Job 36:30+), see also domain LN 81.3–81.11; 6. LN 10.14–10.48 family line, i.e., a kinship of successive generations (Isa 11:1, 10; 14:29, 30; Da 11:7+), note: NIV capitalizes “Root” in Isa 11:10 as a messianic title; 7. LN 20.31–20.60 unit: שֹׁרֶשׁ מוֹט (šō·rěš môṭ)1 destroyed, formally, pull up root, i.e., ruin or destroy a life as a figurative extension of the pulling up of the root of a plant (Pr 12:3+)

9248 שַׁרְשָׁה (šǎr·šā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8333; TWOT 2470—see 9249 (Ex 28:22 MT+)

שַׁרְשׁוֹת (šǎr·šôṯ): see 9249 (Ex 28:22 MT+)

9249 שַׁרְשְׁרָה (šǎr·šerā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8333; TWOT 2470—LN 6.188–6.196 (pl.) chains, a series of metal links, used as an ornament (Ex 28:14,22; 39:15; 1Ki 7:17; 2Ch 3:5, 16+)

שׁרת (šrt): see 9250

9250 שָׁרַת (šā·rǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 8334; TWOT 2472—1. LN 53.1–53.15 (piel) minister, serve, attend, i.e., serve deity by doing various commanded religious practices, especially rites and ceremonies (Ex 28:35); 2. LN 35.19–35.30 (piel) serve, attend, i.e., render assistance or help, usually as a lower status person serving a superior (Ge 39:4), note: for piel ptcp. as a noun, see 5490.7

9251 שָׁרֵת (šā·rēṯ): n.masc. [oth piel inf.abs.]; ≡ Str 8335; TWOT 2472a—LN 53.1–53.15 cultic service, i.e., the act. of religious service, with a focus on the rites of that service (Nu 4:12; 2Ch 24:14+), see also domain LN 35.19–35.30

שׁשׂה (šśh): see 9115 (Isa 10:13 poel)

שָׁשָׂה (šā·śā(h)) BDB: see 9115 (Isa 10:13 poel)

9252 I. שֵׁשׁ (šēš): number [BDB: n.masc.]; ≡ Str 8337; TWOT 2336a—1. LN 60.15 six, i.e., a cardinal number (2Sa 5:5), note: also used in composition to make numbers larger than six; see also 9262; 2. LN 60.53 sixth, i.e., an ordinal number which is sixth in a series involving time, space, or set (2Ki 18:10+); 3. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: שֵׁשׁ עָשָׂר (šēš ʿā·śār) sixteenth, formally, ten plus six, i.e., a number which is sixteenth in a series involving time, space, or set (1Ch 24:14; 25:23; 2Ch 29:17+); 4. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: עֶשְׂרִים וְ־ שֵׁשׁ (ʿěś·rîm w- šēš)1 twenty-sixth, formally, twenty plus six, i.e., a number which is twenty-sixth in a series involving time, space, or set (1Ki 16:8+); 5. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: שָׁלֹשׁ וְ־ שֵׁשׁ (šā·lōš w- šēš)1 thirty-sixth, formally, thirty plus six, i.e., a number which is thirty-sixth in a series involving time, space, or set (2Ch 16:1+)

9253 II. שֵׁשׁ (šēš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8336; TWOT 2379a, 2473—LN 2.29–2.48 alabaster, i.e., a fine-textured gypsum stone often found in white and marbled white and brown, used for ornamental faces and containers (Est 1:6; SS 5:15+), note: NIV translates “marble,” possibly as a reference to a familiar pattern of the stone, see also 8880

9254 III. שֵׁשׁ (šēš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8336; TWOT 2473—LN 6.152–6.187 fine linen, byssus, i.e., a cloth material made of processed flax plant fibers, noted for its strength, coolness, and luster (Ge 41:42; Ex 25:4; 26:1, 31, 36; 27:9, 16, 18; 28:5, 6, 8, 15, 39; 35:6, 23, 25, 35; 36:8, 35, 37; 38:9, 16, 18, 23; 39:2, 3, 5, 8, 27, 28,29; Pr 31:22; Eze 16:10, 13 Q; 27:7+)

שׁשׁא (ššʾ): see 9255

9255 שָׁשָׁא (šā·šā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 8338; TWOT 2474—LN 15.165–15.186 (piel) drag along, lead along, i.e., aggressively take one by the hand and cause to go to another place (Eze 39:2+), note: some versions translate “drive along” as if being behind one being driven, so pushing or shoving

שִׁשֵּׁא (šiš·šē(ʾ)) BDB: see 9255

9256 שֵׁשְׁבַּצַּר (šēšeb·bǎṣ·ṣǎr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8339;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sheshbazzar: prince of Judah (Ezr 1:8, 11+)

שֶׁשְׁבַּצַּר (šěš·bǎṣ·ṣǎr) BDB: see 9256

שׁשׁה (ššh): see 9257

9257 שָׁשָׁה (šā·šā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8341; TWOT 2336d—LN 60.62–60.66 (piel) give a sixth-part, i.e., impart one-sixth of a whole (Eze 45:13+), note: some sources read as 9261, see BHS ftn

שִׁשָּׁה (šiš·šā(h)) BDB: v.—see 9257 (Eze 45:13+), note: Eze 39:2, see 9255

9258 שָׁשַׁי (šā·šǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8343;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shashai: divorcee of a foreign wife (Ezr 10:40+)

9259 שֵׁשַׁי (šē·šǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8344;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sheshai: of Anak or the Anakim (Nu 13:22; Jos 15:14; Jdg 1:10+)

9260 שֵׁשִׁי (šē·šî): n.masc.—see 9254 (Eze 16:13 K+)

9261 שִׁשִּׁי (šiš·šî): number; ≡ Str 8345; TWOT 2336b—LN 60.53 sixth, i.e., an ordinal number which is sixth in a series involving time, space, or set (Ge 1:31; 30:19; Ex 16:5, 22, 29; 26:9; Lev 25:21; Nu 7:42; 29:29; Jos 19:32; 2Sa 3:5; 1Ch 2:15; 3:3; 12:12[EB 11]; 24:9; 25:13; 26:3, 5; 27:9; Ne 3:30; Eze 4:11; 8:1; 45:13; 46:14; Hag 1:1, 15+)

9262 שִׁשִּׁים (šiš·šîm): number; ≡ Str 8346; TWOT 2336c—LN 60.29 sixty, i.e., a cardinal number (1Ki 4:13), see also 9252; note: also used in composition to form numbers larger than sixty

שִׁשִּׁית (šiš·šîṯ) BDB: see 9261

9263 שֵׁשַׁךְ (šē·šǎḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8347; TWOT 2475—LN 93-place (terr) Sheshach: prob. a name for Babylon (Jer 25:26; 51:41+)

9264 שֵׁשָׁן (šē·šān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8348;—LN 93-pers. (male) Sheshan: of Judah by Jerahmeel (1Ch 2:31,34,35+)

שֹׁשַׁנִּים (šō·šǎn·nîm): see 8808

9265 שָׁשָׁק (šā·šāq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8349;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shashak: of Benjamin (1Ch 8:14, 25+)

9266 שָׁשַׁר (šā·šǎr): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8350; TWOT 2476—LN 79.26–79.38 red, vermilion, i.e., a color of red earthy pigment used for paint (Jer 22:14; Eze 23:14+), note: three explanations are given of the source of this color: 1. minium (sinopia) (lead oxide) 2. vermilion (ochre) (iron oxide) 3. an insect from the genus Kermes; 1 or 2 is the likely explanation.

שָׁשֵׁר (šā·šēr) BDB: see 9266

9267 שָׁת (šāṯ): n.masc. [BDB]—see 9268 or 9271 foundation (Ps 11:3; Isa 19:10+)

9268 I. שֵׁת (šēṯ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8351, 8352, 8357; TWOT 2478a—1. LN 58.19–58.20 basic principles, formally, foundation, i.e., that which is the basic or essential elements which define something (Ps 11:3+), note: in context, this refers to the foundations of society; note: for another interp in Isa 19:10, see 9271; 2. LN 8.9–8.69 buttocks, i.e., fleshy posterior of the human body on which one sits (2Sa 10:4; Isa 20:4+)

9269 II. שֵׁת (šēṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8352;—LN 93-pers. (male) Seth: 1. son of Adam (Ge 4:25–5:8 passim; 1Ch 1:1+), see also DBLGrk 4953 2. “Sheth,” a name connected to Moab (Nu 24:17+), note: for another interp of Nu 24:17, see 9270

9270 III. שֵׁת (šēṯ): n.masc.—see 9269 defiance (Nu 24:17+), note: some sources relate to 8421 “rebellion, defiance” as a figurative extension of haughtiness or being physically high; note: ASV, NKJV, translate “tumult;” NEB, translates “strife;” most versions translate “Seth,” or “Sheth,” likely referring to nomadic tribes of the southern transjordan

שֵׁת (šēṯ)[3] BDB: see 9268

שׁתה (šth): see 9272

9271 I. שָׁתָה (šā·ṯā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8356; TWOT 2380b—LN 48 work in weaving, i.e., make cloth using the weaving process with a loom and shuttle (Isa 19:10+), note: for another interp, see 9268

9272 II. שָׁתָה (šā·ṯā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8354; TWOT 2477—1. LN 24.1–24.51 (qal) drink, i.e., consume a liquid mass in varying containers and situations (1Sa 30:12); (nif) be drunk (Lev 11:34+), note: when drinking alcohol, drunkenness can occur, see also domain LN 88.283–88.288; feelings of refreshment can occur if fluid is needed in the body; 2. LN 90.56–90.84 (qal) experience, formally, drink, i.e., to have a certain personal experience happen to a person (positive or negative) as a figurative extension of drinking liquid from the hand or container (SS 5:1; Isa 51:17); 3. LN 51 (qal) dine, feast, i.e., to have both plenty of food and drink for a celebration of some kind, as an extension of drinking fluid from a container or hand (Est 7:1)

9273 שָׁתוֹת (šā·ṯôṯ): n.fem.pl.—see 9271 worker in weaving (Isa 19:10 cj+), note: Isa 22:13 cj see 9272; Ps 11:3 see 9268

9274 I. שְׁתִי (šeṯî): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8359; TWOT 2479a—LN 6.152–6.187 woven material, i.e., material which has been made on a loom (Lev 13:48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 56, 57, 58, 59+), note: some sources translate “warp” as the vertical threads in the framework of the loom; see note at 6849 for a more detailed information

9275 II. שְׁתִי (šeṯî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8358; TWOT 2477a—LN 88.283–88.288 drunkenness, drinking, i.e., the act. of consuming a large quantity of alcohol and so becoming intoxicated, often associated with feasting and pleasure (Ecc 10:17+), see also domain LN 23.1–23.39

9276 שְׁתִיָּה (šeṯiy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8360; TWOT 2477b—LN 23.1–23.39 drinking-pace, i.e., the amount of drinks consumed in a certain time frame, with no apparent limit (Est 1:8+), note: other sources say this refers to the manner of drinking, possibly referring a cup or larger bowl (with a straw?), or some other manner of drinking

9277 שָׁתִיל (šā·ṯîl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8363; TWOT 2480a—LN 3.47–3.59 slip, shoot, i.e., cutting of a plant or tree, with a focus on the slip growing into a potentially mature plant or tree (Ps 128:3+)

שְׁתַּיִם (šetǎ·yim) BDB: see 9109

שׁתל (štl): see 9278

9278 שָׁתַל (šā·ṯǎl): v.; ≡ Str 8362; TWOT 2480—LN 43 (qal) plant, i.e., place seeds, slips, or root-stock in the ground for growing and cultivation (Eze 17:22, 23+); (qal pass.) be planted (Ps 1:3; 92:14[EB 13]; Jer 17:8; Eze 17:8, 10; 19:10, 13; Hos 9:13+), note: in some contexts this can refer to the flourishing of persons or peoples

9279 שֻׁתַלְחִי (šǔ·ṯǎl·ḥî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8364;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Shuthelahite: pertaining to Shuthelah (Nu 26:35+), see also 8811(1.)

שׁתם (štm): see 9280

9280 שָׁתַם (šā·ṯǎm): v.; ≡ Str 8365; TWOT 2481—LN 24.1–24.51 (qal pass.) see clearly, formally, be opened, i.e., pertaining to being able to see and perceive through the eye-gate (Nu 24:3, 15+), note: some repoint text to a qal pass. of 8608; note: this likely refers to the obtaining of accurate revelation from God as a seer, see also domain LN 28.28–28.56

9281 שְׁתֻם (šeṯǔm): adj. [oth qal pass.ptcp.masc.sing.]—see 9280 (Nu 24:3, 15+), note: BHS ftn, KB, Holladay read text as 8608, “closed” eyes

שׁתן (štn): see 9282

שׁתן (štn) BDB: see 8874

9282 שָׁתַן (šā·ṯǎn): v.—see 8874 hiftil (hif)

שׁתע (štʿ): see 9283

9283 שָׁתַע (šā·ṯǎʿ): v.—LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) be in fear, i.e., be in a state of great alarm, with a possible focus of discouragement about the future (Isa 41:10, 23+), note: NIV translates “dismayed;” note: also parsed as hitp of 9120

שׁתק (štq): see 9284

9284 שָׁתַק (šā·ṯǎq): v.; ≡ Str 8367; TWOT 2482—1. LN 14.17–14.35 (qal) grow calm, i.e., become calm after a storm, as a cessation of wind and waves (Ps 107:30; Jnh 1:11, 12+); 2. LN 88.102–88.104 (qal) die down, grow peaceful, become quiet, i.e., the cessation of strife and quarrel as a figurative extension a growing calm of a body of water after a storm (Pr 26:20+)

9285 שֵׁתָר (šē·ṯār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8369;—LN 93-pers. (male) Shethar: close advisor of King Xerxes (Est 1:14+)

שׁתת (štt): see 9286

9286 שָׁתַת (šā·ṯǎṯ): v.; ≡ Str 8371; TWOT 2483—1. LN 67.65–67.72 (qal) be destined, formally, appointed, i.e., have an end-point of a life, implying that what happens has no choice involved (Ps 49:15[EB 14]+); 2. LN 33.218–33.223 claim, assert, formally, set forth, i.e., speak forth an assertion of ownership or control (Ps 73:9+), note: some sources change text to 8883, “place, put”

ת

9287 ת (t): letter of alphabet—LN 33.35 not used in text of BHS as semantic unit

9288 תָּא (tā(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8372; TWOT 2484—1. LN 7.26–7.53 alcove, nook, i.e., a small recessed section of a room without a door and so easy access to inner and outer areas of a courtyard (Eze 40:7,10, 12,13, 16, 21, 29, 33, 36+), note: in context, where guards resided, so a guardroom; 2. LN 7.26–7.53 unit: תָּא רוּץ (tā(ʾ) rûṣ) guardroom, retainer’s chamber, formally, chamber of the runner, i.e., a storage room for equipment (1Ki 14:28; 2Ch 12:11+), note: it is not clear in context if this room has a door

תּאב (tʾb)[1] or I. תאב (tʾb): see 9289

תּאב (tʾb)[2] or II. תאב (tʾb): see 9290

9289 I. תָּאַב (tā·ʾǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 8373; TWOT 2485—LN 25.1–25.11 (qal) long for, desire, i.e., have an emotional attachment to something and so have a wanting or desiring of an object (Ps 119:40,174+)

9290 II. תָּאַב (tā·ʾǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 8374; TWOT 2486—LN 88.198–88.205 (piel) abhor, loathe, detest, i.e., have a strong feeling of hostility, hate, and aversion toward an object, implying a rejection (Am 6:8+), see also 9493; see also domain LN 25.251–25.269

תָּאֵב (tā·ʾēḇ) BDB: see 9289

9291 תַּאֲבָה (tǎ·ʾǎḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8375; TWOT 2485a—LN 25.1–25.11 longing, desiring, i.e., a state or condition of have an emotional attachment to something and so have a wanting or desiring of an object (Ps 119:20+)

תּאה (tʾh) or תאה (tʾh): see 9292

9292 תָּאָה (tā·ʾā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8376; TWOT 2487—LN 80.5–80.7 (piel) make a boundary, i.e., mark out the boundaries of a territory or space (Nu 34:7, 8+), note: Nu 34:10, see 204; note: see also 9298

9293 תְּאוֹ (teʾô): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8377; TWOT 2488—LN 4.1–4.37 antelope, i.e., a small mammal which is ceremonially clean, a ruminate likely of the Bovidae family, an antelope of some particular genus and species (Dt 14:5; Isa 51:20+), note: KJV, “wild ox;” Holladay, Lisowsky, “wild sheep?;” BDB, “antelope,” Antilope leucoryx or Oryx beatrix; NIV, NASB, NKJV, ASV, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh, “antelope;” NAB, NJB, “oryx;” NEB, REB, “long-horned antelope

9294 I. תַּאֲוָה (tǎ·ʾǎwā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8378; TWOT 40d—1. LN 25.1–25.11 longing, desire, craving, i.e., the state having a wish or want for something for the pleasure it brings (Ge 3:6; Nu 11:4; Ps 10:3, 17; 21:3[EB 2]; 38:10[EB 9]; 78:29, 30; 106:14; 112:10; Pr 10:24; 11:23; 13:12, 19; 18:1; 19:22; 21:25, 26; Isa 26:8+), note: these desires can be selfish or proper; 2. LN 65.1–65.16 bounty, choice things, i.e., good qualities items, with a focus on their desirability (Ge 49:26; Job 33:20+)

9295 II. תַּאֲוָה (tǎ·ʾǎwā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8379; TWOT 2496b—LN 80.5–80.7 (KJV, ASV, NASB, NKJV, Tanakh) boundary, border, i.e., the outermost limits of a space (Ge 49:26+), note: most sources, see 9294

9296 תְּאוֹמִים (teʾô·mîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8380; TWOT 2489a—see 9339

תְּאָלָה (teʾā·lā(h)) BDB: see 9297

9297 תַּאֲלָה (tǎ·ʾǎlā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8381; TWOT 94b—LN 33.470–33.475 curse, i.e., words of divine harm on an enemy (La 3:65+)

תּאם (tʾm) or תאם (tʾm): see 9298

9298 תָּאַם (tā·ʾǎm): v.; ≡ Str 8382; TWOT 2489—LN 23.46–23.60 (hif) have twins, i.e., give birth to a set of exactly two offspring (SS 4:2; 6:6+), see also 9339

9299 תַּאֲנָה (tǎ·ʾǎnā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8385; TWOT 126a, 126b—LN 25.30 time of the rut, season of reproductive heat, i.e., brutish, unbridled animal desire (Jer 2:24+)

9300 תְּאֵנָה (teʾē·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8384; TWOT 2490—1. LN 3.2–3.12 fig tree, i.e., a tree of the mulberry family, with edible fruit and large leaves, Ficus carica (Ge 3:7; Nu 20:5; Dt 8:8; Jdg 9:10, 11; 1Ki 5:5[EB 4:25]; 2Ki 18:31; Ps 105:33; Pr 27:18; SS 2:13; Isa 34:4; 36:16; Jer 5:17; 8:13b; Hos 2:14[EB 12]; 9:10; Joel 1:7, 12; 2:22; Am 4:9; Mic 4:4; Na 3:12; Hab 3:17; Hag 2:19; Zec 3:10+); 2. LN 3.33–3.46 fig, i.e., the oblong or pear-shaped fruit with a covering (syconium), of the fig tree (Nu 13:23; 2Ki 20:7; Ne 13:15; Isa 38:21; Jer 8:13a; 24:1, 2,3,5, 8; 29:17+)

9301 תֹּאֲנָה (tō·ʾǎnā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8385; TWOT 126a—LN 22.42–22.47 an occasion, i.e., a favorable opportunity for something to happen (Jdg 14:4+)

9302 תַּאֲנִיָּה (tǎ·ʾǎniy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8386; TWOT 124b—LN 25.135–25.145 mourning, sorrowful groaning, i.e., be in sadness, with emphasis on emotional distress (Isa 29:2; La 2:5+)

9303 תְּאֻנִים (teʾǔ·nîm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8383; TWOT 48b—LN 68.63–68.78 effort, toil, i.e., a task with relatively high intensity and diligence (Eze 24:12+)

9304 תַּאֲנַת שִׁלֹה (tǎ·ʾǎnǎṯ ši·lō(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8387;—LN 93-place (loc.) Taanath Shiloh: town in N Ephraim (Jos 16:6+)

תּאר (tʾr) or תאר (tʾr): see 9305, 9306

9305 I. תָּאַר (tā·ʾǎr): v.; ≡ Str 8388; TWOT 2491, 2491b—LN 16 (qal) turn toward, i.e., a non-linear motion of changing a compass direction, which then results in a new course (Jos 15:9,11; 18:14, 17+); (pual) be turned toward (Jos 19:13+), note: some sources change text to qal pf. 3ms.

9306 II. תָּאַר (tā·ʾǎr): v.; ≡ Str 8388; TWOT 2491—LN 45 (piel) mark out a form, make an outline, i.e., make a line on a surface of wood by chalk lines or impression, as a step in carving or construction (Isa 44:13+), see also 9292

9307 תֹּאַר (tō·ʾǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8389; TWOT 2491a—1. LN 58.14–58.18 appearance, form, shape, what one looks like, i.e., that which distinguishes the way an object looks, usually implying a positive, attractive appearance (Jdg 8:18; 1Sa 16:18; 28:14; Isa 52:14; 53:2; La 4:8+); 2. LN 79.9–79.17 unit: יָפֶה תֹּאַר (yā·p̄ě(h) tō·ʾǎr) beautiful, handsome, formally, fair of form, i.e., of a desirable appearance relative to the kind or class of the object (Ge 29:17; 39:6; 41:18; Dt 21:11; 1Sa 25:3; Est 2:7; Jer 11:16+); 3. LN 79.9–79.17 unit: רַע תֹּאַר (rǎʿ tō·ʾǎr) ugly, unattractive, formally, bad of form, i.e., of an undesirable appearance relative to the kind or class of the object (Ge 41:19+); 4. LN 79.9–79.17 unit: טוֹב תֹּאַר (ṭôḇ tō·ʾǎr) beautiful, handsome, formally, good of form, i.e., of a desirable appearance relative to the kind or class of the object (1Ki 1:6+)

9308 תַּאְרֵעַ (tǎʾ·rēaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8390;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tarea: of Saul by Mephibosheth (1Ch 8:35+), see also 9390

תַּאֲרֵעַ (tǎ·ʾǎrēaʿ): see 9308

9309 תְּאַשּׁוּר (teʾǎš·šûr): n.fem.; ≡ Str 839, 8391; TWOT 183g—1. LN 3.2–3.12 species of tree: (most versions) box tree; (Holladay, KB, NIV, NASB) cypress tree; (Tanakh) elm; (RSV, NRSV, NAB) pine (Isa 41:19; 60:13+), note: Holladay, KB identify probably as a cypress, Cupressus sempervirens; 2. LN 7.77–7.79 cypress wood, finished boards for boat deck (Eze 27:6 NIV+), note: see also domain LN 6.41–6.51; note: Eze 27:6 MT reads 892 or 898

9310 תֵּבָה (tē·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8392; TWOT 2492—1. LN 6.41–6.51 boat, large ship, i.e., a rectangular box-shaped boat (Ge 6:14,15, 16,18, 19; 7:1, 7, 9, 13, 15, 17, 18, 23; 8:1, 4, 6, 9,10, 13, 16, 19; 9:10, 18+); 2. LN 6.118–6.151 basket, i.e., an assumedly rectangular, box-shaped basket, water-proofed to float (Ex 2:3, 5+); note: some translate “chest;” note: this vocabulary choice for “basket” likely refers to the safety and provision of the ark of Noah, see prior entry

9311 תְּבוּאָה (teḇû·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8393; TWOT 212c—1. LN 3.33–3.46 yield, produce, crops, i.e., what is harvested from plants, whether grain or fruit (Ge 47:24; Dt 22:9); 2. LN 65.1–65.16 gain, income, i.e., what is valuable (Pr 16:8; Ecc 5:9[EB 10]); 3. LN 33.354–33.364 unit: תְּבוּאָה שָׂפָה (teḇû·ʾā(h) śā·p̄ā(h)) harvest of the lips, i.e., the figurative extension of proper, productive speech (Pr 18:20)

9312 תְּבוּנָה (teḇû·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8394; TWOT 239c—1. LN 32.24–32.41 understanding, insight, wisdom, i.e., capacity for discerning a right course of action (Dt 32:28; Ps 136:5; 147:5; Pr 2:2; 3:19); 2. LN 74 ability, skill, i.e., capable to perform a craft (Ex 31:3; 35:31; 36:1; 1Ki 7:14), note: see also domain LN 42; 3. LN 33.439–33.445 logic, reasoning, i.e., words related to dispute or debate (Job 32:11); 4. LN 33.224–33.250 logic, reasoning, i.e., words related to instruction (Pr 5:1)

תְּבוּנָם (teḇû·nām) BDB: see 9312

9313 תְּבוּסָה (teḇû·sā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8395; TWOT 216c—LN 23.88–23.128 downfall, ruin, collapse, i.e., a figurative extension for the cessation of life, i.e., death (2Ch 22:7+), note: possibly domain as a change in state LN 13.48–13.68

9314 תָּבוֹר (tā·ḇôr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8396;—LN 93-place Tabor: 1.(loc.) town in Zebulun (1Ch 6:62[EB 77]+) 2. (a mountain) a high hill in Lower Galilee (Jos 19:22; Jdg 4:6, 12, 14; 8:18; Ps 89:13[EB 12]; Jer 46:18; Hos 5:1+), note: some say Jdg 8:18 refers to a separate location 3. a specific area around Mt Tabor, known by a large tree (1Sa 10:3+); 4.also, a part of a compound name, Kisloth Tabor, see 4079; also Aznoth Tabor, see 268

9315 תֵּבֵל (tē·ḇēl): n.fem. [BDB: appar. masc. in Isa 14:17+]; ≡ Str 8398; TWOT 835h—1. LN 1.39–1.45 world, earth, i.e., the whole expanse of the earth where people live, which do not include the oceans (1Sa 2:8; 1Ch 16:30); 2. LN 9.1–9.23 people who live in the world (Ps 9:9[EB 8]; 96:13)

9316 תֶּבֶל (tě·ḇěl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8397; TWOT 248d—LN 53.33–53.40 perversion, abominable confusion, i.e., something defiling and detestable based on the idea of improper sexual mixing kinds or clans (Lev 18:23; 20:12+)

9317 תֻּבַל (tǔ·ḇǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8422;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tubal: of Noah, son of Japheth (Ge 10:2; 1Ch 1:5+), see also 9317.5

תֻּבַל (tǔ·ḇǎl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8422;—LN 93-place (loc.) region in modern East-Central Turkey (Isa 66:19; Eze 27:13; 32:26; 38:2, 3; 39:1+) note: some of these references may be gentilic, see also 9317

9318 תַּבְלִית (tǎḇ·lîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8399; TWOT 246c—LN 20.31–20.60 destruction, i.e., causation of ruin, or even possibly annihilation of persons or things (Isa 10:25+), note: see also domain LN 13

9319 תְּבַלֻּל (teḇǎl·lǔl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8400; TWOT 248e—1. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: תְּבַלֻּל בְּ־ עַיִן (teḇǎl·lǔl b- ʿǎ·yin)1 cataract, i.e., an opaque condition of the normally clear covering of the eye, that causes obscurity of vision and so near blindness (Lev 21:20+), note: see also domain LN 24.38; 2. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: תְּבַלֻּל בְּ־ עַיִן (teḇǎl·lǔl b- ʿǎ·yin)1 white spot on the eye, i.e., a spot in the iris area (Lev 21:20+)

9320 תֶּבֶן (tě·ḇěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8401; TWOT 2493—LN 3.60–3.67 straw, i.e., the dry, light, brittle part of (usually) a cereal grain plant between the bottom of the head of grain and the area above the ground where it is cut off, used as animal provender (food) and binder material in construction (Ge 24:25, 32; Ex 5:7,10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 18; Jdg 19:19; 1Ki 5:8[EB 4:28]; Job 21:18; 41:19[EB 27]; Isa 11:7; 65:25; Jer 23:28+), note: cf. also 5495; see also domain LN 3.47–3.59

9321 תִּבְנִי (tiḇ·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8402;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tibni: son of Ginath (1Ki 16:21, 22+)

9322 תַּבְנִית (tǎḇ·nîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8403; TWOT 255d—1. LN 6.96–6.101 replica, model, i.e., something that is a representation of something (Jos 22:28); 2. LN 58.58–58.62 pattern, written detailed plans, i.e., a model for construction of furniture (Ex 25:9; 2Ki 16:10; 1Ch 28:11), note: as written communication see domain LN 33.35–33.68; 3. LN 6.96–6.101 idol, image or shaped thing, formed and crafted for worship (Dt 4:16–18; Ps 106:20; Isa 44:13); 4. LN 6.188–6.196 adornment art image or artifact (Ps 144:12); 5. LN 64 form, appearance, i.e., what something looks like in comparison to another thing (Eze 8:3; 10:8)

9323 תַּבְעֵרָה (tǎḇ·ʿē·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8404;—LN 93-place (loc.) Taberah: burned place in wilderness (Nu 11:3; Dt 9:22+)

9324 תֵּבֵץ (tē·ḇēṣ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8405;—LN 93-place (loc.) Thebez: town in Ephraim, NE of Shechem (Jdg 9:50; 2Sa 11:21+)

9325 תִּגְלַת פִּלְאֶסֶר (tiḡ·lǎṯ pil·ʾě·sěr): n.pr. [oth title]; ≡ Str 8407;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tiglath-Pileser: king of Assyria (2Ki 15:29; 16:7, 10+), see also 7040, 9433

9326 תַּגְמוּל (tǎḡ·mûl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8408; TWOT 360c—LN 65.20–65.29 gracious act., seen as goodness, benefit, or kindness as an advantage to the recipient (Ps 116:12+)

9327 תִּגְרָה (tiḡ·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8409; TWOT 378b—LN 38.1–38.13 unit: תִּגְרָה יָד ־ךָ (tiḡ·rā(h) yāḏ ḵā) sharp blow of discipline, formally, hostility of the hand, i.e., a blow given by the hand by one irritated with someone, and so the figurative extension of discipline which punishes (Ps 39:11[EB 10]+)

9328 תֹּגַרְמָה (tō·ḡǎr·mā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8425;—LN 93-pers. (male) Togarmah: of Gomer (Ge 10:3; 1Ch 1:6+); also, a part of a compound name, Beth Togarmah, see 1129

9329 תִּדְהָר (tiḏ·hār): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8410; TWOT 408b—LN 3.2–3.12 tree, i.e., an unidentified tree of Lebanon, apparently a conifer which is evergreen with cones, so any of the order Coniferales (Isa 41:19; 60:13+), note: NIV translates “fir;” some translate “ash tree;” still others, “elm”

9330 תַּדְמֹר (tǎḏ·mōr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8412;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tadmor: oasis in N Syrian desert (1Ki 9:18; 2Ch 8:4+), note: for K in 1Ki 9:18, see 9471

9331 תִּדְעָל (tiḏ·ʿāl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8413;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tidal: king of Goiim (Ge 14:1, 9+)

9332 תֹּהוּ (tō·hû): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8414; TWOT 2494a—1. LN 80.1–80.4 formlessness, emptiness, i.e., a state of empty space and so nothingness, so not having a shape, implied to be a state prior to order and form (Ge 1:2; Job 26:7; Isa 45:18; Jer 4:23+), see also domain LN 58.14–58.18; 2. LN 1.86–1.87 wasteland, i.e., what is barren and void of use, as tracts of unpopulated land (Dt 32:10; Job 6:18; 12:24; Ps 107:40+); 3. LN 6.96–6.101 idol, i.e., an object which are worshiped, with a special focus on the uselessness and worthlessness of the fashioned object (1Sa 12:21+); 4. LN 20.31–20.60 ruination, destruction, i.e., what has been destroyed and in chaos and confusion (Isa 24:10; 34:11+); 5. LN 65.1–65.16 vanity, nothingness, i.e., what is worthless and lacking in value, implying a very low status in some contexts (Isa 40:17, 23; 41:29; 44:9; 45:19; 49:4+); 6. LN 33.251–33.255 false testimony, i.e., speech which is empty and void of truth, so false in reasoning or facts (Isa 29:21; 59:4+)

תֹּהוּ (tō·hû): adv.—see 9332 (Isa 45:19+)

9333 תְּהוֹם (tehôm): n.fem. and masc.; ≡ Str 8415; TWOT 2495a—1. LN 1.17–1.25 the deep, the depths, i.e., an area below the surface of bodies of water, a dark, inaccessible, inexhaustible, and mysterious place controlled only by objects with vast powers (Ge 1:2; 7:11; 8:2; 49:25; Ex 15:5, 8; Dt 33:13; Job 28:14; 38:16, 30; 41:24[EB 32]; Ps 33:7; 36:7[EB 6]; 42:8[EB 7]; 77:17[EB 16]; 78:15; 104:6; 106:9; 107:26; 135:6; 148:7; Pr 3:20; 8:24, 27, 28; Isa 51:10; 63:13; Eze 26:19; Am 7:4; Jnh 2:6[EB 5]; Hab 3:10+), see also domain LN 81.3–81.11; 2. LN 1.69–1.78 deep springs, i.e., a body of water which comes out of the earth (Dt 8:7; Eze 31:4, 15+); 3. LN 1.17–1.25 unit: תְּהוֹם הַ־ אֶרֶץ (tehôm hǎ- ʾě·rěṣ) Sheol, formally, depths of the earth, i.e., the place where the dead reside (Ps 71:20+)

9334 תָּהֳלָה (tā·hǒlā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8417; TWOT 2494b—LN 32.42–32.61 folly, error, i.e., have a capacity for a lack of understanding and so capable of being deceived and behave in error (Job 4:18+)

9335 תְּהִלָּה (tehil·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8416; TWOT 500c—1. LN 33.354–33.364 praise, adoration, thanksgiving, i.e., speak positive words about the excellence of another (2Ch 20:22; Ps 22:26[EB 25]), note: often these words are in the context of being sung, see domain LN 33.109–33.116; 2. LN 33.365–33.367 renown, reputation, i.e., words that characterize a person or people (Jer 49:25); 3. LN 76 glory, i.e., a manifestation of power which causes wonder (Ex 15:11; Dt 10:21); 4. LN 42.7–42.28 deeds that are praiseworthy (Ps 78:4)

9336 תַּהֲלוּכָה (tǎ·hǎlû·ḵā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8418; TWOT 498e—LN 15.165–15.186 procession, i.e., a marching motion from one place to another in a worship service (Ne 12:31+), note: for NIV text as qal ptcp. fem. of 2143

תַּהְפּוּכָה (tǎh·pû·ḵā(h)) Lisowsky: see 9337

תַּהְפֻּכָה (tǎh·pǔ·ḵā(h)) BDB: see 9337

9337 תַּהְפֻּכוֹת (tǎh·pǔ·ḵôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 8419; TWOT 512f—1. LN 88.262–88.270 perversity, i.e., what is morally crooked from a standard, often with a focus on words that are perverse (Dt 32:20; Pr 2:12, 14; 6:14; 8:13; 10:31, 32; 16:28, 30+), see also domain LN 33.374–33.381; 2. LN 32.19–32.23 confusing things, i.e., false perceptions or hallucinations that make one not understand rationally (Pr 23:33+)

9338 תָּו (tāw): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8420; TWOT 2496a—1. LN 33.476–33.489 mark, stamp, sign, i.e., a non-verbal signal to communicate a relationship to another (Eze 9:4, 6+), note: according to some sources, the shape of this mark may be similar to an “X.”; 2. LN 33.35–33.68 signing, i.e., the act. of making a distinguishing mark on a document as a signature (Job 31:35+)

תּוֹא (tô(ʾ)): see 9293 (Isa 51:20+)

תּוֹאָם (tô·ʾām) BDB: see 9339

9339 תּוֹאֲמִים (tô·ʾǎmîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8380; TWOT 2489a—1. LN 9.41–9.45 twin offspring, i.e., that offspring which is paternally or maternally twins (Ge 25:24; 38:27; SS 4:5; 7:4[EB 3]+), see also domain LN 10.14–10.48; 2. LN 60.75–60.78 double, formally, twins, i.e., that which is exactly twice an amount of a substance (Ex 26:24; 36:29+), note: see also 9298

תּוּבַל (tû·ḇǎl): see 9317, 9317.5

9340 תּוּבַל קַיִן (tû·ḇǎl qǎ·yin): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8423;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tubal-Cain: of Cain, son of Lamech-Zillah (Ge 4:22+)

9341 תּוּבְנָה (tû·ḇenā(h)): n.fem.—see 9312 (Job 26:12 K+)

תובנתו (twbntw) BDB: see 9312

9342 תּוּגָה (tû·ḡā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8424; TWOT 839b—LN 25.223–25.250 sorrow, anguish, i.e., grief as an attitude or emotion, as the antithesis of joy (Ps 119:28; Pr 10:1; 14:13; 17:21+)

תּוֹגַרְמָה (tô·ḡǎr·mā(h)) BDB: see 9328 (1Ch 1:6+)

9343 תּוֹדָה (tô·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8426; TWOT 847b—1. LN 53.16–53.27 thank offering (Am 4:5); 2. LN 33.349–33.353 thanksgiving, a confession of thankfulness, i.e., to speak works of personal praise (Lev 7:12; Ps 100:4); 3. LN 33.109–33.116 song of thanksgiving (Ps 147:7; Jer 30:19; Jnh 2:10[EB 9]), see also domain LN 33.349–33.353; 4. LN 53.66–53.95 choir for thanksgiving, i.e., a musical worship group (Ne 12:31), see also domain LN 33.109–33.116; 5. LN 33.275–33.277 confession, i.e., to make a public admission of a wrong (Ezr 10:11); 6. LN 33.354–33.364 praise, extol, i.e., to give an expression of the character or acts of a person (Ps 26:7)

תּוה (twh)[1] or I. תוה (twh): see 9344

תּוה (twh)[2] or II. תוה (twh): see 9345

9344 I. תָּוָה (tā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8427; TWOT 2496—LN 33.476–33.489 (piel) put a mark, place a sign on an object as a non-verbal communication (1Sa 21:14[EB 13] Q+), note: some sources change text to 9528; (hif) place a mark, scribble, i.e., write a mark (Eze 9:4+)

9345 II. תָּוָה (tā·wā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8428; TWOT 2497—LN 22.21–22.28 (hif pf.) vex, bring pain, i.e., cause trouble for someone (Ps 78:41+)

9346 תּוֹחַ (tôaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8430;—LN 93-pers. (male) Toah: of Levi (1Ch 6:19[EB 34]+), note: some relate to 9375

9347 תּוֹחֶלֶת (tô·ḥě·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8431; TWOT 859b—1. LN 25.59–25.64 hope, expectation, i.e., a positive future prospect (Job 41:1[EB 9]; Pr 10:28; 13:12; La 3:18+); 2. LN 30.53–30.55 expectation, i.e., a thinking about future events (Pr 11:7+)

9348 תָּוֶךְ (tā·wěḵ): prep. [see also 9348.5, 9348.6]; ≡ Str 8432; TWOT 2498—1. LN 83.9–83.17 in the middle, midst, in the center, i.e., a space within an area, determined to be in the middle in relationship to other objects or positions around it (Ps 57:5[EB 4]), see also 9399; 2. LN 84.16–84.28 into, i.e., extension toward a goal which is inside an area (Ex 14:27); 3. LN 84.29–84.33 through, i.e., an extension along a path, through a space (Ex 14:29); 4. LN 83.9–83.17 among, i.e., a position within an area, but not necessarily the exact of middle (Ge 40:20); 5. LN 83.9–83.17 between, in two, i.e., a position determined by the location of two objects, one at each side (Ge 1:6)

תָּוֶךְ (tā·wěḵ): adj. [served by 9348]—see 9348

תָּוֶךְ (tā·wěḵ): n.pr. [served by 9348]; ≡ Str 8432; TWOT 2498—LN 93-place Middle Gate: an entrance area (Jer 39:3+)

תּוֹךְ (tôḵ) BDB: see 9412 (Ps 72:14+)

9349 תּוֹכֵחָה (tô·ḵē·ḥā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8433; TWOT 865a, 865b—1. LN 38.1–38.13 punishment, correction, chastisement, i.e., the infliction of a just penalty, often with emotional or physical pain (Ps 149:7+); 2. LN 38.1–38.13 unit: יוֹם (yôm) … תּוֹכֵחָה (tô·ḵē·ḥā(h)) time of chastisement, formally, day of rebuke, i.e., a future time of reckoning for guilt incurred (2Ki 19:3; Isa 37:3; Hos 5:9+)

תּוּכִּיִּים (tûk·kiy·yîm) BDB: see 9415 (2Ch 9:21+)

9350 תּוֹכַחַת (tô·ḵǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8433; TWOT 865a—1. LN 33.417–33.422 rebuke, correction, i.e., speak words which show strong disapproval, with possible actions of punishment to follow (Ps 39:12[EB 11]; Pr 1:23, 25, 30; 3:11; 5:12; 6:23; 10:17; 12:1; 13:18; 15:5, 10, 31, 32; 27:5; 29:1, 15; Eze 5:15+); 2. LN 38.1–38.13 punishment, i.e., to inflict a just penalty for crimes or sins (Ps 73:14; Eze 25:17+); 3. LN 33.180–33.188 argument, i.e., a reply as a rational discourse (Job 13:6; 23:4; Ps 38:15[EB 14]; Hab 2:1+)

9351 תּוֹלָד (tô·lāḏ): n.pr. [Holladay: pers.]; ≡ Str 8434;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tolad: town of Simeon, in the S of Judah (1Ch 4:29+), see also 557

9352 תּוֹלֵדוֹת (tô·lē·ḏôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 8435; TWOT 867g—1. LN 10.26 genealogy, i.e., an account or birth record of a family-line’s descendants (Ge 5:1; 10:1, 32; 11:10; Nu 1:20–42 passim), see also domain LN 33.35–33.68; 2. LN 33.11–33.25 account, i.e., a written record of a story (Ge 2:4; 6:9; 37:2)

תולון (twlwn) BDB: see 9353

9353 תּוֹלוֹן (tô·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8436;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tolon: of Judah (1Ch 4:20 K+), note: for Q, see 9400

9354 תּוֹלָל (tô·lāl): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8437; TWOT 868c—LN 39.45–39.46 tormentor, oppressor, i.e., one who persecutes and harasses another, so causing torment (Ps 137:3+), note: some change text to 2143, hif ptcp. “leading”

9355 I. תּוֹלָע (tô·lāʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8438; TWOT 2516a, 2516b—1. LN 79.26–79.38 deep red material, purple material, i.e., cloth or yarn, with a special focus on the color which ranges in terms like “scarlet/purple, violet/crimson” (Isa 1:18; La 4:5+), note: the color can reference blood-guiltiness or royalty depending on context; 2. LN 4.47–4.50 maggot, i.e., insects (such as flies) in the larva stage (Ex 16:20+), see also 8249; note: some translate “worm,” a creeping animal, see also domain LN 4.51–4.57

9356 II. תּוֹלָע (tô·lāʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8439;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tola: of Issachar, son of Puah (Ge 46:13; Nu 26:23; Jdg 10:1; 1Ch 7:1, 2+, see also 9358

9357 תּוֹלֵעָה (tô·lē·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8438; TWOT 2516b—1. LN 4.51–4.57 worm, i.e., any of several species of creeping animal which consumes organic matter, the species may vary according to context (Dt 28:39; Job 25:6; Ps 22:7[EB 6]; Isa 14:11; 41:14; 66:24; Jnh 4:7+); note: see also 9355; note: some translate “maggot” or “grub,” in some contexts, i.e., insects (such as flies) in the larva stage, see also domain LN 4.47–4.50; 2. LN 79.26–79.38 unit: תּוֹלֵעָה שָׁנִי (tô·lē·ʿā(h) šā·nî)1 scarlet material, deep red or purple stuff, i.e., any cloth material, yarn, wool, etc., with a special focus on the color which ranges with terms like “scarlet/purple, violet/crimson” (Ex 25:4; 26:1, 31, 36; 27:16; 28:5, 6, 8, 15, 33; 35:6, 23, 25, 35; 36:8, 35, 37; 38:18, 23; 39:1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 24, 29; Lev 14:4, 6, 49, 51, 52; Nu 4:8; 19:6+), note: some relate this to the kermes insect, and other insects are suggested in other sources

9358 תּוֹלָעִי (tô·lā·ʿî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8440;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Tolaite: pertaining to Tola (Nu 26:23+), see also 9356

תּוֹלַעַת (tô·lǎ·ʿǎṯ) BDB: see 9357

תּוֹמִיךְ (tô·mîḵ): see 9461 (Ps 16:5+)

תּוֹמִים (tô·mîm) BDB: see 9339

תומן (twmn) BDB: see 9403 (Ge 36:15 v.r.)

9359 תּוֹעֵבָה (tô·ʿē·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8441; TWOT 2530a—1. LN 25.186–25.188 detestable thing, abomination, repulsion, i.e., an object which is loathsome and abhorrent (Dt 7:26), note: the object may be a concrete “thing” or a “way” or “practice,” as lifestyle behavior; 2. LN 6.96–6.101 idol, formally, repulsive thing, i.e., a worship object, with a focus that it is an item to be rejected (Dt 32:16; 2Ch 34:33; Jer 16:18; Eze 5:9; 7:20; 11:18, 21; 16:36)

9360 תּוֹעָה (tô·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8442; TWOT 2531a—1. LN 39.42–39.44 trouble, confusion, uproar, i.e., a state of hostility and strife apparently as a riot and not a full battle or war (Ne 4:2[EB 8]+); 2. LN 33.251–33.255 lie, spoken error, i.e., a statement which is false, with a special focus that the statement misleads and causes confusion or tumult (Isa 32:6+)

תּוֹעָפָה (tô·ʿā·p̄ā(h)) BDB: see 9361

9361 תּוֹעָפוֹת (tô·ʿā·p̄ôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 8443; TWOT 886a—1. LN 76 strength, i.e., the physical strength of a large mammal (Nu 23:22; 24:8+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 8.17 horns, i.e., the bony projections from the head of a large mammal, as a body part (Nu 23:22; 24:8+); 3. LN 79.97–79.99 the best, the choice, i.e., the pure metal not mixed with other particles (Job 22:25+), note: possibly a bar of silver, see domain LN 6.68–6.82; 4. LN 1.46–1.50 peaks, tops of mountains (Ps 95:4+), see also domain LN 83.48–83.54

תּוֹצָאָה (tô·ṣā·ʾā(h)) BDB: see 9362

9362 תּוֹצָאוֹת (tô·ṣā·ʾôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 8444; TWOT 893e—1. LN 80.5–80.7 limit, end, extremity, i.e., the furthest-most point of space (Nu 34:5); 2. LN 90.14–90.16 starting point, source, wellspring, i.e., the source of an event or activity from the figurative extension of the beginning limit of a space (Pr 4:23); 3. LN 7.37 exit, i.e., the way or path out from a city (Eze 48:30); 4. LN 21.14–21.16 an escape, i.e., the act. of deliverance from a dangerous situation (Ps 68:21[EB 20])

תוקהת (twqht) BDB: see 9363

תוקחת (twqḥt) BDB SIC: see 9363

תוקהת (twqht) BDB: see 9363

9363 תָּוְקְהַת (tāw·qehǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8445;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tivkath: (Tikvah NEB, REB; Tikvath KJV): father-in-law of the prophetess Huldah (2Ch 34:22 K+, note: for Q, see 9534, note: see BHS ftn for text variant with the metathesis of waw and qoph

9364 תּוֹקְעִים (tô·qeʿîm): n.masc. [oth qal act.ptcp.masc.pl.]; ≡ Str 8628; TWOT 2541—LN 33.476–33.489 handshake, the striking of hands in a pledge, i.e., a non-verbal signal which communicates that a promise will be kept (Pr 11:15+), see also domain LN 33.286–33.290; note: the details of exactly how the hands were placed is not known

תּור (twr) or תור (twr): see 9365

9365 תּוּר (tûr): v.; ≡ Str 8446; TWOT 2500—1. LN 27.34–27.47 (qal) explore, investigate, search out, spy, i.e., try to find out information by traveling on foot (Nu 10:33; 13:2, 16, 17, 21, 25, 32; 14:6, 7, 34, 36, 38; Dt 1:33; Job 39:8; Eze 20:6+); (hif) send out to spy (Jdg 1:23+); 2. LN 27.34–27.47 (qal) explore, i.e., try to find out information through means other than ranging through a geographical area (Ecc 1:13; 2:3; 7:25+); 3. LN 41.1–41.24 (qal) go after, follow, i.e., have certain conduct and behaviors, as a figurative extension of trying to learn information by exploring on foot (Nu 15:39+); 4. LN 88.93–88.99 (hif) be cautious, formally, send out a spy, i.e., be sensible in the way one relates to a person, with a focus that one tries to learn information before joining in an association (Pr 12:26+), note: for another interp in Job 39:8 see 3847; 2Sa 22:33, see 9459; note: for qal act. ptcp. masc.pl. as noun, see 9549.5

9366 I. תּוֹר (tôr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8447, 8448; TWOT 2500a—1. LN 61 a turn, i.e., a single occurrence in a sequence where one may engage in an activity (Est 2:12, 15+); 2. LN 6.188–6.196 jewelry, an ornament that enhances the beauty of a woman’s cheek area (SS 1:10, 11+), note: NIV, “earrings;” Holladay, NAB, NJB, “strings, pendants;” KJV “rows (of jewels);” NASB, NKJV, RSV, NRSV, “ornaments;” ASV, NEB, REB, “plaits (of hair);” Tanakh, “plaited wreaths”; 3. LN 87.19–87.57 unit: (NIV) תּוֹר מַעֲלָה (tôr mǎ·ʿǎlā(h))2 most exalted, formally, a turn of the ascending step, i.e., to have very high status and honor (1Ch 17:17+), note: for another interp, see next; 4. LN 10.14–10.48 unit: תּוֹר מַעֲלָה (tôr mǎ·ʿǎlā(h))2 future generation, formally, a turn of the ascending step, i.e., a successive generation not normally able to be seen (1Ch 17:17+)

9367 II. תּוֹר (tôr): n.masc. and fem.; ≡ Str 8449; TWOT 2500c—LN 4.38–4.46 turtledove, dove, pigeon, i.e., a ceremonially clean domestic bird, acceptable for sacrifice, so the small pigeon of the Columbidae bird family, of the genus Streptopelia, with distinctive cooing sound (Ge 15:9; Lev 1:14; 5:7, 11; 12:6, 8; 14:22, 30; 15:14, 29; Nu 6:10; Ps 74:19; SS 2:12; Jer 8:7+), note: some specifically identify as Streptopelia turtur, though several other species are possible

9368 תּוֹרָה (tô·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8451, 8452; TWOT 910d—1. LN 33.333–33.342 law, regulation, i.e., a legal prescription of something that should or must be done (Ex 12:49; Lev 6:2); 2. LN 33.224–33.250 teaching, instruction, i.e., information that is imparted to a student (Ps 78:1; Pr 1:8); 3. LN 33.35–33.68 Torah, the Law, i.e., a written code (Ne 8:2); 4. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: סֵפֶר הַ־ תּוֹרָה (sē·p̄ěr hǎ- tô·rā(h)) Book of the Law, i.e., a written code (Dt 28:61); 5. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: תּוֹרָה מֹשֶׁה (tô·rā(h) mō·šě(h)) Law of Moses, i.e., a written code (Jos 8:31); 6. LN 33.35–33.68 unit: תּוֹרָה יהוה (tô·rā(h) yhw(h)) Law of the LORD, i.e., a written code (1Ch 16:40); 7. LN 41.25–41.28 manner, custom, i.e., the usual way of doing something (2Sa 7:19)

9369 תּוֹשָׁב (tô·šāḇ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8453; TWOT 922d—1. LN 11.55–11.89 temporary resident, sojourner, stranger, i.e., an alien living in an area that is not one’s normal country, as a class of people with less social rights (Ge 23:4; Ex 12:45; Lev 25:6, 23, 35, 40, 45, 47; Nu 35:15; 1Ki 17:1; 1Ch 29:15; Ps 39:13[EB 12]+), note: for NIV text in 1Ki 17:1, see 9586; 2. LN 34.1–34.21 guest, i.e., one associated as a temporary resident with a family, but still of the same ethnic class (Lev 22:10)

9370 תּוּשִׁיָּה (tû·šiy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8454; TWOT 923a—1. LN 68.22–68.33 success, victory, i.e., what is a completion or finishing of something (Job 5:12; 6:13; 12:16; Pr 2:7+); 2. LN 32.24–32.41 sound judgment, wisdom, i.e., insight as a capacity for understanding (Job 11:6; 26:3; Pr 3:21; 8:14; 18:1; Isa 28:29; Mic 6:9+), note: for NIV text in Job 30:22 Q, see 9583

תּוֹתָה (tô·ṯā(h))[sic] [Lisowsky]: see 9371

9371 תּוֹתָח (tô·ṯāḥ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8455; TWOT 933a—LN 6.29–6.40 cudgel, i.e., a stout club as a weapon (Job 41:21[EB 29]+)

תּזז (tzz) or תזז (tzz): see 9372

9372 תָּזַז (tā·zǎz): v.; ≡ Str 8456; TWOT 2501—LN 19.14–19.26 (hif pf.) cut down, i.e., cut off an object so as to cause a separation (Isa 18:5+)

9373 תַּזְנוּת (tǎz·nûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8457; TWOT 563c—LN 31.101 unfaithfulness, promiscuity to a deity, i.e., the state or act. of not being faithful or believing to a deity, as a figurative extension of illicit sexual relations (Eze 16:15–23:43 passim+)

תַּחְבֻּלָה (tǎḥ·bǔ·lā(h)) BDB: see 9374

9374 תַּחְבֻּלוֹת (tǎḥ·bǔ·lôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 8458; TWOT 596a—LN 36.1–36.9 guidance, advice, i.e., giving a verbal direction (Job 37:12; Pr 1:5; 11:14; 12:5; 20:18; 24:6+), see also domain LN 33.294–33.298

9375 תֹּחוּ (tō·ḥû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8459;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tohu: of Ephraim, ancestor of Samuel (1Sa 1:1+), note: some relate to 9346

תַּחְכְמֹנִי (tǎḥ·ḵemō·nî) BDB SIC: see 9376

9376 תַּחְכְּמֹנִי (tǎḥ·kemō·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8461;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Tahkemonite: pertaining to a family of head of the Three of David (2Sa 23:8+)

9377 תַּחֲלֻאִים (tǎ·ḥǎlǔ·ʾîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 8463; TWOT 648a—1. LN 23.142–23.184 diseases (Dt 29:21[EB 22]; Ps 103:3; Jer 14:18; 16:4+); 2. LN 24.77–24.94 unit: תַּחֲלֻאִים רַע (tǎ·ḥǎlǔ·ʾîm rǎʿ)1 great pain, horrible torment, formally, evil of disease, i.e., to have a high degree of physical pain and discomfort (2Ch 21:19+)

9378 תְּחִלָּה (teḥil·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8462; TWOT 661d—1. LN 67.65–67.72 beginning, i.e., a point of time at the very start of a duration (Ru 1:22; 2Sa 21:9, 10; 2Ki 17:25; Ezr 4:6; Pr 9:10; Ecc 10:13; Isa 1:26; Da 9:23; Hos 1:2; Am 7:1+); 2. LN 67.17–67.64 earlier, before, already, i.e., pertaining to a point of time formerly, in a sequence (Ge 13:3; 41:21; Da 8:1; 9:21+); 3. LN 60.46–60.61 the first time, i.e., first in a temporal sequence or series, functioning as an ordinal number (Ge 43:18, 20; Jdg 1:1; 20:18; 2Sa 17:9; Ne 11:17+)

תֹּחֶלֶת (tō·ḥě·lěṯ): see 9347 (Job 41:1[EB 9]+)

9379 תַּחְמָס (tǎḥ·mās): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8464; TWOT 678b—LN 4.38–4.46 large bird, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; variously identified (Lev 11:16; Dt 14:15+); (NIV, NJB) screech owl; (NASB) owl; (NKJV, NEB, REB) short-eared owl; (KJV, ASV, RSV, NRSV, Tanakh) night-hawk; (NAB) nightjar; (BDB) male ostrich, note: likely a kind of owl or hawk

9380 תַּחַן (tǎ·ḥǎn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8465;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tahan: 1. son of Ephraim (Nu 26:35+) 2. later descendant of Ephraim (1Ch 7:25+), see also 9385

9381 תַּחֲנָה (tǎ·ḥǎnā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8466; TWOT 690d—LN 1.88–1.94 encampment, with a focus on the place of camping (2Ki 6:8+)

9382 I. תְּחִנָּה (teḥin·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8467; TWOT 694f—1. LN 33.161–33.177 plea, petition, i.e., a request or supplication as asking for mercy for oneself or others, as a kind of prayer (1Ki 8:28–54 passim; 9:3; 2Ch 6:19, 29, 35, 39; 33:13; Ps 6:10[EB 9]; 55:2[EB 1]; 119:170; Jer 36:7; 37:20; 38:26; 42:2, 9; Da 9:20+); 2. LN 88.75–88.82 mercy, favor, i.e., the showing of kindness to someone (Jos 11:20; Ezr 9:8+)

9383 II. תְּחִנָּה (teḥin·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8468;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tehinnah: of Judah (1Ch 4:12+)

9384 תַּחֲנוּן (tǎ·ḥǎnûn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8469; TWOT 694g—LN 33.161–33.177 plea for mercy, i.e., a petition or supplication as a request for kindness (2Ch 6:21; Job 40:27[EB 41:3]; Ps 28:2, 6; 31:23[EB 22]; 86:6; 116:1; 130:2; 140:7[EB 6]; 143:1; Pr 18:23; Jer 3:21; 31:9; Da 9:3, 17, 18, 23; Zec 12:10+)

9385 תַּחֲנִי (tǎ·ḥǎnî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8466, 8470;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Tahanite: pertaining to Tahan (Nu 26:35+), see also 9380(1.)

9386 תַּחֲנֹתִי (tǎ·ḥǎnō·ṯî): see 9381 (2Ki 6:8 MT+)

9387 תַּחְפַּנְחֵס (tǎḥ·pǎn·ḥēs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8471;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tahpanhes: city of ancient Egypt in the NE part of the Delta (Jer 2:16; 43:7, 8, 9; 44:1; 46:14; Eze 30:18+)

9388 תַּחְפְּנֵיס (tǎḥ·penês): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8472;—LN 93-pers. (female) Tahpenes: queen of Egypt (1Ki 11:19, 20+)

תַּחְפְּנֵס (tǎḥ·penēs): n.pr.—see 9387 (Jer 2:16 K)

9389 תַּחְרָא (tǎḥ·rā(ʾ)): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8473; TWOT 2502—LN 6.152–6.187 sturdy garment, i.e., a thick or heavy garment, the exact identification is unknown (Ex 28:32; 39:23+), note: RSV, “garment;” NAB, “shirt;” NEB, REB, “oversewn (edge);” NIV, “collar;” Holladay, “leather cuirass,” (i.e., leather armor from neck to waist); ASV, NASB, NKJV, NRSV, NJB, Tanakh, “coat of mail;” KJV, “habergeon;” BDB (prob.), “linen corselet”

תַּחֲרָה (tǎ·ḥǎrā(h)): see 3013 (Jer 12:5+ (tifel))

תַּחֲרֵעַ (tǎ·ḥǎrēaʿ) BDB: see 9390

9390 תַּחְרֵעַ (tǎḥ·rēaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8475;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tahrea: of Saul by Mephibosheth (1Ch 9:41+), see also 9308

9391 I. תַּחַשׁ (tǎ·ḥǎš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8476; TWOT 2503—1. LN 4.58–4.61 (NIV, NEB ftn) sea cow, i.e., a marine mammal known for fine leather; three suggested most are: dolphin, porpoise, or dugong (Ex 25:5; 26:14; 35:7, 23; 36:19; 39:34; Nu 4:6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 14+), note: NAB, “Tahash;” NRSV, NJB, “fine leather;” KJV, NKJV, “badger;” RSV, “goatskins;” ASV, “seal;” NAB ftn, “dugong or porpoise;” REB, “dugong,” (i.e., a fish of the Indian Ocean); NASB, NEB, “porpoise,” (sea-mammal of the family Phocoenidae,); Holladay?, Tursiops tursis Fabr; or Tanakh, “dolphin,” (sea-mammal of the family Delphinidae); note: the editor chooses “dugong” as the most likely identification, though “sea cow” is acceptable as a translation equivalent; 2. LN 6.152–6.187 leather of a sea cow (Nu 4:25; Eze 16:10+)

9392 II. תַּחַשׁ (tǎ·ḥǎš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8477;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tahash: son of Nahor (Ge 22:24+)

9393 I. תַּחַת (tǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.[masc.] [see also 9393.5, 9393.6]; ≡ Str 8478; TWOT 2504—LN 83.48–83.54 underneath place, i.e., a spatial position which is below or underneath in relation to the surface of an object (Ge 2:21), note: cf. also 9396, 9397; note: for Dt 33:27 cj, see 5502

תַּחַת (tǎ·ḥǎṯ)[served by 9393]: prep.; ≡ Str 8478; TWOT 2504—1. LN 83.48–83.54 under, i.e., pertaining to a position which is below or underneath in relation to a surface or upper area (Ge 18:4); 2. LN 57.142–57.145 in place of, instead of, on behalf of, for, i.e., a marker of an exchange relation (Nu 3:12); 3. LN 61 succeeding, i.e., an orderly arrangement of time, space or logic, in which something follows one after another, implying this is not a random or chaotic event (2Sa 10:1); 4. LN 89.15–89.38 unit: תַּחַת אֲשֶׁר (tǎ·ḥǎṯ ʾǎšěr) because, i.e., a marker of the cause or reason for something (1Sa 26:21)

תַּחַת (tǎ·ḥǎṯ): adv. [served by 9393]; ≡ Str 8478; TWOT 2504—LN 83.48–83.54 beneath, underneath, i.e., pertaining to a spatial position which is below or underneath in relation to a surface or upper area (Ex 20:4)

9394 II. תַּחַת (tǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8480;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tahath: 1. a Levite (1Ch 6:9[EB 24]+) 2. of Ephraim (1Ch 7:20a+) 3. another of Ephraim (1Ch 7:20b+) 4. another Levite (1Ch 6:22[EB 37]+), note: possibly same as 1.

9395 III. תַּחַת (tǎ·ḥǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8480;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tahath: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:26, 27+)

9396 תַּחְתּוֹן (tǎḥ·tôn): adj.; ≡ Str 8481; TWOT 2504a—LN 83.48–83.54 lower, lowest, i.e., pertaining to a space below another point of reference (1Ki 6:6; Eze 40:18, 19; 41:7; 42:5, 6; 43:14+), note: for MT text in 1Ki 6:8, see 9399, see also 9393; also, a part of a compound name, Lower Beth Horon, see 1103; also Lower Pool, 9396.5

תַּחְתּוֹן בְּרֵכָה (tǎḥ·tôn berē·ḵā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8481; TWOT 2504a—LN 93-place (loc.) Lower Pool: the pool of Shelah (Sheloah) known as modern Birket el-Hamra near the Fountain Gate (Isa 22:9+)

9397 תַּחְתִּי (tǎḥ·tî): adj.; ≡ Str 8482; TWOT 2504b—LN 83.48–83.54 lower, below, underneath, i.e., pertaining to a space below another point of reference (Ge 6:16; Jos 15:19; Jdg 1:15; Ne 4:7[EB 13]; Job 41:16[EB 24]+), see also 9393

תַּחְתִּי (tǎḥ·tî): n.[fem.]; ≡ Str 8482; TWOT 2504b—1. LN 1.17–1.25 depths, the below region, the lowest parts, i.e., a region below the surface of the earth, the realm of the grave and death (Dt 32:22; Ps 63:10[EB 9]; 86:13; 88:7[EB 6]; 139:15; Isa 44:23; La 3:55; Eze 26:20; 31:14, 16, 18; 32:18, 24+); 2. LN 1.46–1.50 foot, base, formally, low point, i.e., that which is the lowest point of an elevated area (Ex 19:17+)

9398 תַּחְתִּים חָדְשִׁי (tǎḥ·tîm ḥāḏ·šî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8483;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tahtim Hodshi: region or town in a region, possibly located between Gilead and Dan (2Sa 24:6+)

9399 תִּיכוֹן (tî·ḵôn): adj.; ≡ Str 8484; TWOT 2498a—1. LN 83.9–83.17 middle, center, i.e., pertaining to the position which is in the middle or center of an area or halfway of a linear distance (Ex 26:28; 36:33; 1Ki 6:6, 8; 2Ki 20:4; Eze 41:7; 42:5, 6+) note: for NIV text in 1Ki 6:8a, see 9396; also, a part of a compound name, Hazer Hatticon, see 2962; cf. also 9348; 2. LN 67.136–67.141 middle, i.e., to be at a midpoint of time compared to a beginning and ending time (Jdg 7:19+)

תִּיכֹן (tî·ḵōn) BDB: see 9399

9400 תִּילוֹן (tî·lôn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8436;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tilon: : of Judah (1Ch 4:20 Q+), note: for K, see 9400

9401 תֵּימָא (tê·mā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8485;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tema: son of Ishmael (Ge 25:15; 1Ch 1:30+), see also 9401.5

תֵּימָא (tê·mā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8485;—LN 93-place (terr) Tema: desert area apparently in N Arabia (Job 6:19; Isa 21:14; Jer 25:23+), see also 9401

9402 I. תֵּימָן (tê·mān): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8486; TWOT 872e—1. LN 82.1–82.6 south, southward, i.e., a spatial orientation as a compass direction (Dt 3:27); 2. LN 14.8 south wind (Job 39:26; Ps 78:26; SS 4:16; Zec 9:14+), note: there may be overlap in verses and meanings

9403 II. תֵּימָן (tê·mān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8487; TWOT 872f—LN 93-pers. (male) Teman: of Esau, an Edomite chief (Ge 36:11, 15, 42; 1Ch 1:36, 53+), see also 9403.5

תֵּימָן (tê·mān): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8487;—LN 93-place (loc.) Teman: town in land of Edom (Jer 49:7, 20; Eze 25:13; Am 1:12; Ob 9; Hab 3:3+), see also 9403

9404 תֵּימָנִי (tê·mā·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8489;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Temanite: 1. pertaining to Teman in Edom (Ge 36:34; 1Ch 1:45+), see 9403.5 2. pertaining to Tema (Job 2:11; 4:1; 15:1; 22:1; 42:7, 9+), see 9401.5, note: some relate these verses to 1.

9405 תֵּימְנִי (tê·menî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8488;—LN 93-pers. (male) Temeni: of Judah (1Ch 4:6+)

9406 תִּימָרָה (tî·mā·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8490; TWOT 2523d—1. LN 79.91–79.94 column, i.e., a shape of a three-dimensional object, the shape of a pillar or trunk of a branchless tree (SS 3:6; Joel 3:3[EB 2:30]+); 2. LN 1.34–1.38 unit: תִּימָרָה עָשָׁן (tî·mā·rā(h) ʿā·šān)1 smoke column, i.e., a mass of smoke and fine carbon particles from a burning mass, of a more or less cylindrical or pillar shape (SS 3:6; Joel 3:3[EB 2:30]+)

9407 תִּיצִי (tî·ṣî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8491;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Tizite: pertaining to Tiz, prob. a currently unknown place (1Ch 11:45+)

9408 תִּירוֹשׁ (tî·rôš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8492; TWOT 2505—1. LN 6.197–6.202 new wine, must, i.e., wine in the beginning stage of fermentation, barely distinguishable with grape juice in ability to make someone drunk (2Ki 18:32+), note: KB, Holladay this is indistinguishable with יַיִן (yǎ·yin) as mature wine, but this may be undue influence of cognate etymology; 2. LN 6.197–6.202 grape juice (Isa 65:8; Mic 6:15) note: for another parsing in Mic 6:15 as a verb, see 3770

9409 תִּירְיָא (tî·reyā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8493;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tiria: of Judah (1Ch 4:16+)

9410 תִּירָס (tî·rās): n.pr. [BDB: terr and gent.]; ≡ Str 8494;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tiras: son of Japheth (Ge 10:2; 1Ch 1:5+)

תִּירֹשׁ (tî·rōš) BDB: see 9411 (Ge 27:28)

9411 תַּיִשׁ (tǎ·yiš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8495; TWOT 2506—LN 4.1–4.37 male goat, he-goat, i.e., mature, small mammal which is a ceremonially clean, ruminate of the genus Capra (Ge 30:35; 32:15[EB 14]; 2Ch 17:11; Pr 30:31+)

9412 תֹּךְ (tōḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8496, 8501;—1. LN 33.291–33.293 threat, i.e., what is spoken to oppress and control another by expressing harm (Ps 10:7; 55:12[EB 11]+); 2. LN 22.1–22.14 oppression, i.e., acts of trouble and hardship toward another, creating a state of distress and unfavorable circumstance (Ps 72:14+), see also domain LN 39.45–39.46; 3. LN 22.21–22.28 unit: אִישׁ תֹּךְ (ʾîš tōḵ) oppressor, extortioner, formally, man of oppression, i.e., one who creates hardship, distress, and unfavorable circumstance (Pr 29:13+)

תּכה (tkh) or תכה (tkh): see 9413

9413 תָּכָה (tā·ḵā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8497; TWOT 2507—LN 17.21–17.22 (pual pf.) bowed, i.e., pertaining to being in a prostrate position, with the associative meanings of being submissive and respectful of a superior (Dt 33:3+), note: context is best served by “lie down in prostration;” “crowd together” is also contextually possible; note: others translate, “were led,” or “assembled;” see BHS ftn for suggested text

9414 תְּכוּנָה (teḵû·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8498, 8499; TWOT 964e—1. LN 85.67–85.85 a dwelling, habitation, i.e., a place where one lives (Job 23:3+); 2. LN 30.56–30.74 arrangement, i.e., the design and layout of a structure, in a suitable plan (Eze 43:11+); 3. LN 59.48–59.61 supply, store, i.e., what is provided, implying a generous amount (Na 2:10[EB 9]+)

9415 תֻּכִּיִּים (tǔk·kiy·yîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8500; TWOT 2508—LN 4.1–4.37 (NIV, NJB) baboons, i.e., a primate having a large, square, naked muzzle, of the genus Papio (1Ki 10:22; 2Ch 9:21+), (NKJV, NAB, NEB, REB) monkeys, i.e., a non-human primate mammal; note: KB “poultry;” BDB, most versions, “peacock;” note: context likely favors a primate as the kind of animal

תְּכָכִים (teḵā·ḵîm): see 9412 (Pr 29:13+)

9416 תִּכְלָה (tiḵ·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8502; TWOT 982e—1. LN 42.29–42.40 (NEB, REB, Tanakh) good things, i.e., the created things of creation which are adequate in themselves, yet which are nevertheless finite (Ps 119:96+); note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 75 (most versions) perfection, i.e., that which is complete in itself and adequate (Ps 119:96+), note: NAB, “fulfillment;” note: context seems to prefer “created thing” as the domain

9417 תַּכְלִית (tǎḵ·lîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8503; TWOT 982f—1. LN 80.5–80.7 limit, boundary, far recess, i.e., the end of a space as a fixed line of a space as a limit (Ne 3:21; Job 11:7; 26:10; 28:3+); 2. LN 78.44–78.50 completeness, an utter degree, i.e., a thoroughness of magnitude (Ps 139:22+)

9418 תְּכֵלֶת (teḵē·lěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8504; TWOT 2510—1. LN 6.188–6.196 blue wool yarn, i.e., what is used to make adorning cloth (Ex 25:4; 26:1; Ex 26:31, 36; 27:16; 28:5, 6, 8, 15, 33; 35:6, 23, 25, 35; 36:8; 36:35, 37; 38:18, 23; 39:1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 24, 29; 2Ch 2:6[EB 7],13[EB 14]; 3:14+); 2. LN 6.188–6.196 blue cloth (Ex 26:4; 28:31; 36:11; 39:22; Jer 10:9; Eze 23:6+); 3. LN 79.26–79.38 blue, i.e., a color (Ex 28:28, 37; 39:21, 31; Nu 4:6, 7, 9, 11, 12; 15:38; Est 1:6; 8:15; Eze 27:7, 24+), note: some sources translate as “purple,” or “violet” as hues of blue

תּכן (tkn) or תכן (tkn): see 9419

9419 תָּכַן (tā·ḵǎn): v.; ≡ Str 8505; TWOT 2511—1. LN 30.108–30.122 (qal) weigh, estimate, evaluate, i.e., make a just determination of the value or quality of an object (Pr 16:2; 21:2; 24:12+); (nif) weighed (1Sa 2:3+); (pual ptcp.) determined (2Ki 12:12[EB 11]+); 2. LN 88.12–88.23 (nif) just, be right, i.e., pertaining to meeting a standard, implying moral purity and holiness (Eze 18:25,29; 33:17,20+); 3. LN 81.1–81.2 (piel) mark off, measure, i.e., make a determination of a standardized length, volume, etc. (Job 28:25; Isa 40:12+); 4. LN 18.1–18.11 (piel) hold firm, i.e., grasp an object firmly so it cannot move (Ps 75:4[EB 3]+); 5. LN 32.24–32.41 (piel) understand, formally, grasp or measure, i.e., have a comprehension and mentally fathom a topic or person, as a figurative extension of being able to physically grasp and firmly hold an object or an extension of taking measurements of an object (Isa 40:13+)

9420 I. תֹּכֶן (tō·ḵěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8506; TWOT 2511a—1. LN 63.13–63.20 full quota, fixed measure, i.e., an amount which is assigned as a share or portion of a whole (Ex 5:18+); 2. LN 81.1–81.2 unit of measurement, size, i.e., a fixed amount of volume, or weight which is universally agreed upon (Eze 45:11+)

9421 II. תֹּכֶן (tō·ḵěn): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8507;—LN 93-place (loc.) Token: town allotted to Simeon (1Ch 4:32+), note: for parallel lists, see 6987(2.)

9422 תָּכְנִית (tāḵ·nîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8508; TWOT 2511b—1. LN 58.58–58.62 example, model, paragon, formally, measure or proportion, i.e., what is a pattern or example of character and behavior, with a focus that this model has no imperfections (Eze 28:12+), note: NIV translates “perfection”; 2. LN 33 plan, design, formally, measurements, i.e., a set of instructions or graphics which show the details of building a construction (Eze 43:10+), see also domain LN 7.77–7.79

9423 תַּכְרִיךְ (tǎḵ·rîḵ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8509; TWOT 1037a—LN 6.152–6.187 robe, mantle, i.e., a garment which wraps or drapes on a person (Est 8:15+), note: in context a royal robe

9424 תֵּל (tēl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8510; TWOT 2513a—1. LN 20.31–20.60 mound, heap of ruins, pile of rubble, i.e., what has been destroyed and is now a chaotic collection of building material, with a focus that this is an area of ruins (Dt 13:17[EB 16]; Jos 8:28; Jer 49:2+) cf. also 9435; note: over time the ruins of some towns may become the foundation for the next level of occupation, over time creating an elevated area; 2. LN 1.46–1.50 tel, mound, i.e., a geographical hill or mound that cities are built upon, which can grow higher with each level or period of occupation (Jos 11:13; Jer 30:18+); also, a part of a compound name, Tel Abib, see 9425; Tel Harsha, see 9426; Tel Melah, see 9427

9425 תֵּל אָבִיב (tēl ʾā·ḇîḇ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8512;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tel Abib (oth Tel Aviv): settlement in Babylonia (Eze 3:15+)

9426 תֵּל חַרְשָׁא (tēl ḥǎr·šā(ʾ)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8521;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tel Harsha: settlement in Babylonia (Ezr 2:59; Ne 7:61+)

9427 תֵּל מֶלַח (tēl mě·lǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8528;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tel Melah: settlement in Babylonia (Ezr 2:59; Ne 7:61+)

תּלא (tlʾ) or תלא (tlʾ): see 9428

9428 תָּלָא (tā·lā(ʾ)): v.; ≡ Str 8511;—1. LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) hang, i.e., to suspend a physical object into the air with a minimum amount of hooks, clasps, or ropes (2Sa 21:12+), see also 9434; 2. LN 25.223–25.250 (qal pass.) be in suspense, formally, be hung, i.e., be in an emotional state of future anxiety and dread, with a focus that the object of horror has not actually occurred, as a figurative extension of a dangling object which is hung up by attachment (Dt 28:66+); 3. LN 88.223–88.226 (qal pass.) be determined, formally, be hung up, i.e., pertaining to a state of stubbornness and obduracy to change a behavior or course in life (Hos 11:7+), note: see BHS ftn for other text suggestions

תַּלְאֻבָה (tǎl·ʾǔ·ḇā(h)) BDB: see 9429

9429 תַּלְאֻבוֹת (tǎl·ʾǔ·ḇôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 8514; TWOT 1065a—1. LN 14.63–14.73 burning heat, i.e., weather temperatures on the earth in the very high range (Hos 13:5+), note: for another interp, see next; 2. LN 14 drought, i.e., an extended lack of rain, implying barrenness as well as uncomfortable conditions (Hos 13:5+)

9430 תְּלָאָה (telā·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8513; TWOT 1066a—LN 22.1–22.14 hardship, burden, i.e., a general state of distress involving direct suffering (Ex 18:8; Nu 20:14; Ne 9:32; La 3:5; Mal 1:13+)

9431 תְּלַאשָּׂר (telǎ(ʾ)ś·śār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8515;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tel Assar: town defeated by Assyrians (2Ki 19:12+), see also 9445

9432 תִּלְבֹּשֶׁת (til·bō·šěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8516; TWOT 1075c—LN 6.152–6.187 uniform, i.e., clothing as a garment of a military event (Isa 59:17+)

9433 תִּלְּגַת פִּלְנְאֶסֶר (til·leḡǎṯ pil·neʾě·sěr): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8407;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tilgath-Pileser (Tiglath-Pileser NIV): king of Assyria (1Ch 5:6, 26; 2Ch 28:20+), see also 7040, 9325

תּלה (tlh) or תלה (tlh): see 9434

תִּלָּהּ (til·lāh): see 9424 + 2023 (Jer 30:18+)

9434 תָּלָה (tā·lā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8518; TWOT 2512—1. LN 20.61–20.88 (qal) hang, suspend, i.e., kill or harm a person by fastening a line around the neck or limbs (or other configurations of various kinds), resulting in death or harm (Est 5:14; 6:4; 7:9, 10; 8:7; 9:13, 14, 25+); (qal pass.) suspended, be hung (2Sa 18:10+); (nif) be hung (Est 2:23; La 5:12+); 2. LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) hang, suspend, i.e., fasten an object to a wall or other stable object (Ge 40:19, 22; 41:13; Dt 21:22; Jos 8:29; 10:26a; 2Sa 4:12; Job 26:7; Ps 137:2; Isa 22:24; Eze 15:3+), note: one of the objects hung can be a corpse, with an associative meaning of showing degradation of the dead, or as a warning; note: in Isa 22:24 this is a reference to being the progenitor head of a family clan-line; (qal pass.) suspended, be hung (Dt 21:23; Jos 10:26b; SS 4:4+); (piel) hang, suspend (Eze 27:10, 11+), note: see also 9428

9435 תָּלוּל (tā·lûl): adj.; ≡ Str 8524; TWOT 2513—LN 81.3–81.11 lofty, towering, high, i.e., pertaining to being relatively high or tall (Eze 17:22+), cf. also 9424

9436 תֶּלַח (tě·lǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8520;—LN 93-pers. (male) Telah: of Ephraim (1Ch 7:25+)

9437 תְּלִי (telî): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8522; TWOT 2512a—LN 6.29–6.40 quiver, formally, hanger, i.e., a case to hold arrows (Ge 27:3+), see also domain LN 6.118–6.151

תּלל (tll) or תלל (tll): see 9438

9438 תָּלַל (tā·lǎl): v.; ≡ Str 2048; TWOT 518—1. LN 31.8–31.13 (hif) deceive, cheat, i.e., cause an object to hold a mistaken view, which clearly implies speaking a lie (Ge 31:7; Ex 8:25[EB 29]; Job 13:9; Jer 9:4[EB 5]+); (hof) be deluded, be deceived, i.e., pertaining to believing a lie which changes a behavior (Isa 44:20+), see also domain LN 33.251–33.255; 2. LN 31.8–31.13 (hif) mock, make a fool of, deceive in a way that mocks or scorns an object, as in playing a cruel joke on another (Jdg 16:10, 13, 15+), see also domain LN 33.406–33.411, LN 88.192–88.197

9439 תֶּלֶם (tě·lěm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8525; TWOT 2515a—LN 43 furrow, plowed line, i.e., a trench made in the cultivated ground by a plowing instrument, usually with an accompanying higher ridge of dirt to the side (Job 31:38; 39:10; Ps 65:11[EB 10]; Hos 10:4; 12:12[EB 11]+)

9440 תַּלְמַי (tǎl·mǎy): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8526;—LN 93-pers. (male) Talmai: 1. of Anak (Nu 13:22; Jos 15:14; Jdg 1:10+) 2. king of Geshur (2Sa 3:3; 13:37; 1Ch 3:2+)

9441 תַּלְמִיד (tǎl·mîḏ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8527; TWOT 1116c—LN 27.1–27.26 student, pupil, i.e., one who is taught by a teacher and so a learner (1Ch 25:8+)

תְּלֻנָּה (telǔn·nā(h)) BDB: see 9442

9442 תְּלֻנּוֹת (telǔn·nôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 8519; TWOT 1097a—LN 33.382–33.386 grumbling, murmuring, i.e., speaking works of complaint expressing dissatisfaction, implying a failure of proper relationship and possibly faith (Ex 16:7, 8,9, 12; Nu 14:27; 17:20[EB 5],25[EB 10]+)

תּלע (tlʿ) or תלע (tlʿ): see 9443

9443 תָּלַע (tā·lǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 8529; TWOT 2516c—LN 79.26–79.38 (pual ptcp.) wear scarlet, i.e., put on deep red material, with a focus on the color and quality of the clothing (Na 2:4[EB 3]+), note: cloth which is colored is generally of good, high quality and so impressive to look at; note: see also LN 49

9444 תַּלְפִּיּוֹת (tǎl·piy·yôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 8530; TWOT 2517—LN 79.9–79.17 (NIV) elegance, formally, lofty defensive wall (on which shields are hung?), i.e., the state or condition of high quality and so appear as beautiful and splendid, as a figurative extension of a high, lofty defensive wall (which you can hang weapons?) which is impressive (SS 4:4+), note: (Holladay, NASB, NRSV, NJB, NEB, REB) translates “courses of stones;” or “winding layer of stones;” note: (most versions) arsenal, armory, battlements; (Tanakh) built to hold weapons, i.e., hold jewelry; note: the meaning of this word is much disputed

9445 תְּלַשָּׂר (telǎś·śār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8515;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tel Assar: town defeated by Assyrians (Isa 37:12+), see also 9431

9446 תַּלְתָּל (tǎl·tāl): n.masc. [BDB: fem.?]; ≡ Str 8534; TWOT 2513c—LN 79.120–79.122 pl. waviness, formally, date frond (panicles), i.e., the state or condition of hair as rolling and sharp undulating curls as a feature of a head of hair, as a figurative extension of the wavy shape of a date frond (SS 5:11+), see also domain LN 79.9–79.17

תַּלְתַּלִּים (tǎl·tǎl·lîm) BDB, Lisowsky: see 9446

תַּם (tǎm) BDB: see 9462

9447 תָּם (tām): adj.; ≡ Str 8535; TWOT 2522c—1. LN 88.1–88.11 blameless, innocent, i.e., pertaining to a person or condition of moral goodness, with a focus of being guiltless and not liable for sin or wrong (Job 1:1, 8; 2:3; 8:20; 9:20, 21, 22; Ps 37:37; 64:5[EB 4]; Pr 29:10+); 2. LN 79.9–79.17 flawless, perfect, i.e., pertaining to the feature of an object of beauty (SS 5:2; 6:9+); 3. LN 88.102–88.104 peaceful, quiet, i.e., pertaining to peaceful behavior and personality which does not easily engage stressful adventure or conflict, as a herdsman (Ge 25:27+); 4. LN 18.12–18.23 unit: יַחְדָּו הָיָה תָּם (yǎḥ·dāw hā·yā(h) tām) fit, formally, together be complete, i.e., attached two objects into a single unit (Ex 26:24; 36:29+); 5. LN 23.129–23.141 strong, i.e., pertaining to being in sound health (Ps 73:4 NIV+), note: for MT text, see 4638 + 4392, while NIV text is 4564 + 9447

9448 תֹּם (tōm): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8537; TWOT 2522a—1. LN 88.1–88.11 blamelessness, integrity, innocence, i.e., a state or condition of moral goodness in a life, with a focus of not having guilt or sin (2Sa 15:11; Job 4:6; Ps 7:9[EB 8]; 25:21; 26:1, 11; 41:13[EB 12]; Pr 2:7; 10:9, 29; 13:6; 19:1; 20:7; 28:6+), note: in BDB system see 9460; 2. LN 78.44–78.50 full, i.e., a state or condition of complete degree, implying intensity in action (Job 21:23; Isa 47:9+); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 random happening, occurrence, i.e., that act. which just happens without a particular purpose by a person, so having or being an appearance of chance (1Ki 22:34; 2Ch 18:33+); 4. LN 61 last, i.e., the end in a series or sequence (Nu 14:33+); 5. LN 88.289–88.318 unit: תֹּם לֵבָב (tōm lē·ḇāḇ) clear conscience, i.e., a state of integrity and moral purity and so not guilty of wrong-doing or sin, with a focus on the response of the inner-being to this morally clean state (Ge 20:5, 6; 1Ki 9:4; Ps 78:72; 101:2+); 6. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: תֹּם שָׁנָה (tōm šā·nā(h))2 full year, i.e., a period of time that includes all the seasons and days (Lev 25:29+)

תֵּמָא (tē·mā(ʾ)) BDB: see 9401, 9401.5 (Job 6:19+)

תּמהּ (tmh) or תמהּ (tmh): see 9449

9449 תָּמַהּ (tā·mǎh): v.; ≡ Str 8539; TWOT 2518—LN 25.206–25.222 (qal) be astonished, be astounded, be stunned, i.e., be in a state or condition of surprise as a reaction to a situation, either negative or positive, though in most contexts with a negative focus (Ge 43:33; Job 26:11; Ps 48:6[EB 5]; Ecc 5:7[EB 8]; Isa 13:8; 29:9b; Jer 4:9; Hab 1:5b+); (hitpael) (Hab 1:5a+); (hitpalpel) (NAB, REB, NIV, RSV, NRSV, NJB, Tanakh) be stunned in oneself (Isa 29:9a+), note: for another interp, see 4538

9450 תֻּמָּה (tǔm·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8538; TWOT 2522b—LN 88.1–88.11 blamelessness, integrity, innocence, i.e., a state or condition of moral goodness in a life, with a focus of not having guilt or sin (Job 2:3, 9; 27:5; 31:6; Pr 11:3+)

9451 תִּמָּהוֹן (tim·mā·hôn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8541; TWOT 2518a—1. LN 25.206–25.222 confusion, panic, i.e., a state or condition of a stunned, confused response either negative or positive, though in context a fearful situation (Zec 12:4+); 2. LN 23.142–23.184 unit: תִּמָּהוֹן לֵבָב (tim·mā·hôn lē·ḇāḇ) mental illness, formally, confusion of the heart, i.e., a physical condition of weakness of the mind, and so a person is in a confused condition and unable to respond normally and naturally to his daily condition (Dt 28:28+)

9452 תַּמּוּז (tǎm·mûz): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8542; TWOT 2519—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Tammuz: a Babylonian god (also spelled Dum-zi) banished to the Underworld in Babylonian mythology (Eze 8:14+), note: mourning rites for the banishment of this god to the Underworld were observed in June/July

9453 תְּמוֹל (temôl): adv.; ≡ Str 8543; TWOT 2521—1. LN 67.201–67.208 yesterday, i.e., pertaining to the day before today (Ex 5:14a; 1Sa 20:27; Job 8:9; 2Sa 15:20+), see also 919; 2. LN 67.17–67.64 unit: תְּמוֹל שִׁלְשׁוֹם (temôl šil·šôm) formerly, before, in the past, formally, yesterday and day before, i.e., pertaining to a point in time prior to another time (Ge 31:2, 5; Ex 4:10; 5:7, 8, 14b; Jos 3:4; 4:18; Ru 2:11; 2Ki 13:5; Pr 22:20 K+); 3. LN 13.104–13.163 unit: לֹא שָׂנֵא מִן תְּמוֹל שִׁלְשׁוֹם (lō(ʾ) śā·nē(ʾ) min temôl šil·šôm) without malice aforethought, formally, not hate from the past, i.e., pertaining to something that “just happens” without any intent, so concluded to be an accident (Dt 4:42; 19:4, 6; Jos 20:5+), see also domain LN 30.53–30.55 for its opposite of “intention”; 4. LN 41.29–41.43 unit: מִן תְּמוֹל שִׁלְשׁוֹם (min temôl šil·šôm) in the habit, i.e., pertaining to a pattern of behavior, with a focus on past behaviors (Ex 21:29, 36; 1Sa 21:6[EB 5]+); 5. LN 67.17–67.64 unit: גַּם תְּמוֹל גַּם שִׁלְשׁוֹם (gǎm temôl gǎm šil·šôm) formerly, before, in the past, i.e., formally, yesterday and day before, i.e., pertaining to a point in time prior to another time (2Sa 3:17; 1Ch 11:2+)

9454 תְּמוּנָה (temû·nā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8544; TWOT 1191b—1. LN 58.14–58.18 form, image, i.e., an appearance as a visual form (Ex 20:4; Dt 4:12, 15, 16, 23, 25; 5:8; Job 4:16; Ps 17:15+), cf. 4786; 2. LN 58.47–58.53 unit: תְּמוּנָה (temû·nā(h)) … נָבַט (nā·ḇǎṭ) have unique association, formally, see the form of someone, i.e., an idiom with a focus on the unique relationship of one to another (Nu 12:8+)

9455 תְּמוּרָה (temû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8545; TWOT 1164a—1. LN 57.142–57.145 substitution, i.e., exchanging one thing for another (Lev 27:10, 33; Job 15:31+); 2. LN 57.125–57.141 transfer of property, i.e., to receive inherited land (Ru 4:7+); 3. LN 57.186–57.188 trade, valued exchange, i.e., the buying, selling and bartering of goods (Job 20:18; 28:17+)

9456 תְּמוּתָה (temû·ṯā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8546; TWOT 1169c—1. LN 23.88–23.128 death, i.e., the state or process of dying (Ps 79:11; 102:21[EB 20]+); 2. LN 37.114–37.118 unit: בֵּן תְּמוּתָה (bēn temû·ṯā(h)) death row inmates, formally, sons of death, i.e., those of a class of prisoner condemned to death (Ps 79:11; 102:21[EB 20]+)

תָּמַח (tā·mǎḥ) BDB: see 9457

9457 תֶּמַח (tě·mǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8547;—LN 93-pers. (male) Temah: ancestor of returnees from captivity (Ezr 2:53; Ne 7:55+)

9458 תָּמִיד (tā·mîḏ): adv.; ≡ Str 8548; TWOT 1157a—LN 67.78–67.141 continually, constantly, regularly, i.e., a duration of time, either constant or episodic, but continuous (2Sa 9:10)

תָּמִיד (tā·mîḏ): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8548; TWOT 1157a—1. LN 67.78–67.141 continuity, i.e., that which is continuous and uninterrupted in succession (Nu 4:7); 2. LN 53.16–53.27 daily sacrifice, i.e., an offering that is made each day (Da 8:11, 12, 13; 11:31; 12:11)

תַּמִּים (tǎm·mîm) BDB: see 9339

9459 תָּמִים (tā·mîm): adj.; ≡ Str 8549; TWOT 2522d—1. LN 79.60–79.61 without defect, unblemished, i.e., pertaining to having a good quality animal without handicap, implying a prime animal of high monetary value (Ex 12:5); 2. LN 88.1–88.11 blameless, innocent, i.e., pertaining to a person or condition of moral goodness, with a focus of being guiltless and not liable for sin or wrong (Ge 6:9; 17:1; Dt 18:13; 2Sa 22:24, 26; Job 12:4; Ps 15:2; 18:24[EB 23],26[EB 25]; 37:18; 84:12[EB 11]; 101:2, 6; 119:1, 80; Pr 2:21; 11:5, 20; 28:10, 18; Eze 28:15+); 3. LN 79.123–79.128 perfect, i.e., pertaining to having no known physical defect whatsoever (Dt 32:4+); 4. LN 88.36–88.38 perfect, i.e., pertaining to not having any moral defect (2Sa 22:31, 33; Job 36:4; 37:16; Ps 18:31[EB 30],33[EB 32]; 19:8[EB 7]+); 5. LN 59.23–59.34 entire, whole, i.e., the totality of an object (Lev 3:9; Eze 15:5; Pr 1:12+); 6. LN 73 right, true, i.e., pertaining to that which is genuine, implying sincerity (1Sa 14:41; Jos 24:14; Jdg 9:16, 19; Am 5:10+); 7. LN 67.65–67.72 full, i.e., pertaining to a period of time which is full and not lacking any amount of time, so filling to the very end of that time (Lev 23:15; 25:30; Jos 10:13+)

9460 תֻּמִּים (tǔm·mîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 8550;—LN 6.215–6.225 Thummim, Perfections, i.e., a device to make known God’s decisions, possibly small objects designed like a lot or dice, with signals or symbols upon them (Ex 28:30; Lev 8:8; Dt 33:8; Ezr 2:63; Ne 7:65+), note: it was attached to the breastpiece of the priest, attached to the area over the heart. The etymological information of “perfections” may suggest shining precious stones or metals. It is possible that the Urim and Thummim did not exclusively give a “yes” or “no” answer, but capable of verbal description; note: cf. also 251; note: see also 9448

תּמךְ (tmk) or תמךְ (tmk): see 9461

9461 תָּמַךְ (tā·mǎḵ): v.; ≡ Str 8551; TWOT 2520—1. LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) take hold of, grasp, hold secure, i.e., make physical attachment to an object by grasping (Ge 48:17; Ex 17:12; Pr 31:19; Am 1:5, 8+); (nif) seized (Pr 5:22+), note: this may in some contexts refer to control or restraint, see also domain LN 37.1–37.32; 2. LN 37.1–37.32 (qal) control, restrain, i.e., place an object under the power or control of a person or entity, as a figurative extension of grasping an object (Job 36:17+); 3. LN 35.31–35.35 (qal) uphold, make secure, i.e., give aid and help to an object so as to have a successful outcome of an event or action, as a figurative extension of a hand grasping and holding up an object so as not to fall or fail (Ps 16:5; 41:13[EB 12]; 63:9[EB 8]; Pr 28:17; Isa 41:10; 42:1+); 4. LN 31.82–31.101 (qal) accept, be faithful to, formally, grasp, embrace, i.e., be trustworthy to adhere to a person, event, or principle, as a figurative extension of grasping an object by the hands or arms (Ps 17:5; Pr 3:18; 4:4+); 5. LN 57.125–57.141 (qal) accept, receive, i.e., gain or acquire an object or benefit by payment or gift (Isa 33:15+); 6. LN 57.55–57.70 (qal) gain, i.e., have an object come into one’s possession (Pr 11:16; 29:23+), note: this can refer in some contexts to an elevation of status and honor, see also domain LN 87.4–87.18; 7. LN 71.14–71.20 (qal) be certain, be inevitable, formally, grasp, i.e., have an event happen for sure, and with certainty, as a figurative extension of keeping a sure grip on a path (Pr 5:5+)

תְּמֹל (temōl): see 9453 (Ge 31:5; Ex 21:29; Dt 19:4+)

תּמם (tmm) or תמם (tmm): see 9462

9462 תָּמַם (tā·mǎm): v.; ≡ Str 8552; TWOT 2522—1. LN 68.22–68.33 (qal) complete, finish, i.e., bring an event or activity to a successful end (Jos 4:1); (hif) complete, finish, be totally settled, done to the finish (2Sa 20:18; Eze 24:10+); 2. LN 88.289–88.318 (qal) be blameless, be perfect, be in a state of never having, or no longer having guilt or blame from a sin or wrong-doing (Ps 19:14[EB 13]); (hif) make blameless (Job 22:3+); (hitp) show oneself blameless (2Sa 22:26; Ps 18:26[EB 25]+), note: see also domain LN 88.36–88.38; 3. LN 78.44–78.50 (qal) be complete, i.e., pertaining to a completive degree (Jos 10:20; Ps 64:7[EB 6]; 73:19); (hif) completely, make complete (Da 8:23+); 4. LN 68.34–68.57 (qal) cease, end, stop, i.e., have an activity, event, or state no longer continue (Jos 5:6), note: in some contexts this end can refer to animate death or destruction of an object; (hif) end, stop (Isa 33:1; Eze 22:15; Da 9:24+), note: for a focus on the end of a state or condition, see also domain LN 13.1–13.47; 5. LN 67.78–67.117 (qal) pass., be over, i.e., mark or note the passage of time (Ge 47:18); 6. LN 77 (hif) prepare, get ready, i.e., cause an object or event to be ready for action (2Ki 22:4+), note: some parse Lev 25:29 and Nu 14:33 as 9448

תֵּמָן (tē·mān): see 9402 (Job 9:9+)

9463 תִּמְנָה (tim·nā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8553;—LN 93-place (loc.) Timnah: 1. town on NW border of Judah near Beth Shemesh, (Jos 15:10; 19:43; Jdg 14:1,2, 5; 2Ch 28:18+) 2. town in the hill country of Judah (Ge 38:12, 13, 14; Jos 15:57+), note: Genesis references some relate to 1.

תֵּמָנִי (tē·mā·nî) BDB: see 9404 (Job 22:1+)

9464 תִּמְנִי (tim·nî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8554;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Timnite: pertaining to the place of Timnah (Jdg 15:6+), see also 9463(1.)

9465 תִּמְנַע (tim·nǎʿ): n.pr. [Holladay: of TRIBE]; ≡ Str 8555;—LN 93-pers. Timna: 1. (female) concubine of Eliphaz (Ge 36:12+) 2. (male) grandson of Esau (1Ch 1:36+) 3. (female) daughter of Seir (Ge 36:22; 1Ch 1:39+) 4. (male) chief of Edom (Ge 36:40; 1Ch 1:51+)

תִּמְנָע (tim·nāʿ) BDB: see 9465

תִּמְנָתָה (tim·nā·ṯā(h)): see 9463 + 2025

9466 תִּמְנַת־חֶרֶס (tim·nǎṯ-·ḥě·rěs): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8556;—LN 93-place (loc.) Timnath Heres: town in Ephraim, (Jdg 2:9+), see also 9467

9467 תִּמְנַת־סֶרַח (tim·nǎṯ-·sě·rǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8556;—LN 93-place (loc.) Timnath Serah: town in Ephraim, (Jos 19:50; 24:30+), see also 9466

9468 תֶּמֶס (tě·měs): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8557; TWOT 1223c—LN 13.48–13.68 disappearance, formally, melting away, i.e., a change of state from existence to a different state (Ps 58:9[EB 8]+), note: the slimy track that a snail makes as it moves on the ground appears to be melting away or dissolving as it leaves a trail

9469 I. תָּמָר (tā·mār): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8558; TWOT 2523—LN 3.2–3.12 palm tree, i.e., a tall, slender, unbranched tree with a tuft of feather-like leaves 10 to 12 feet long, which produces fruit, specifically, Phoenix dactylifera (Ex 15:27; Lev 23:40; Nu 33:9; Ne 8:15; Ps 92:13[EB 12]; SS 7:8[EB 7],9[EB 8]; Joel 1:12), note: as n.pr. in Dt 34:3; Jdg 1:16; 3:13; 2Ch 28:15+, see 6561.5; also, a part of a compound name, Hazazon Tamar, see 2954; Baal Tamar, see 1265

9470 II. תָּמָר (tā·mār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8559;—LN 93-pers. (female) Tamar: 1. daughter-in-law of Judah (Ge 38:6, 11,13, 24; Ru 4:12; 1Ch 2:4+) 2. daughter of David, sister of Absalom (2Sa 13:1–32 passim; 1Ch 3:9+) 3. daughter of Absalom (2Sa 14:27+)

9471 III. תָּמָר (tā·mār): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8559;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tamar: town in Judah, S of the Dead Sea, (Eze 47:18, 19; 48:28+), note: for Q in 1Ki 9:18, see 9330

9472 I. תֹּמֶר (tō·měr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8560; TWOT 2523a—LN 3.2–3.12 palm tree, i.e., a tall, slender, unbranched tree with a tuft of feather-like leaves 10 to 12 feet long, which produces fruit, specifically, Phoenix dactylifera (Jdg 4:5+), see also 9472.5

II. תֹּמֶר דְּבוֹרָה (tō·měr deḇô·rā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8560; TWOT 2523a—LN 93-place (loc.) (NIV, NJB, NEB, REB, Tanakh) Palm of Deborah: an specific place about 10 miles north of Jerusalem, currently unknown (Jdg 4:5+), see also 9472

9473 II. תֹּמֶר (tō·měr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8560; TWOT 2523a—LN 6.4–6.9 scarecrow, i.e., an object roughly resembling a human in a garden patch, used by a farmer to scare away birds (Jer 10:5+), see also domain LN 6.96–6.101

9474 תִּמֹרָה (ti·mō·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8561; TWOT 2523c—LN 6.96–6.101 palm tree image, i.e., a representation of a palm tree (of the family Palmae), usually carved, used as a decoration (1Ki 6:29, 32,35; 7:36; 2Ch 3:5; Eze 40:16, 22, 26, 31, 34, 37; 41:18,19,20, 25, 26+), note: as an art object, but not a worship object

9475 תַּמְרוּק (tǎm·rûq): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8562; TWOT 1246b—1. LN 49 beauty treatment, i.e., therapy done to adorn and enhance the beauty of a harem girl, including massage and ointments and other cosmetics applied (Est 2:3, 9, 12+); 2. LN 13.1–13.47 cessation, i.e., the stopping or ceasing of a behavior or state as a figurative extension of a cleansing or scouring agent which cleanses or removes something (Pr 20:30 Q+), note: for K see 5347

תַּמְרִיק (tǎm·rîq) BDB: see 9475

תַּמְרוּר (tǎm·rûr) BDB: see 9476

9476 I. תַּמְרוּרִים (tǎm·rû·rîm): n.masc. [see also 9476.5]; ≡ Str 8563; TWOT 1248l—LN 25.223–25.250 bitterness, i.e., a state of great mental anguish and intense sorrow (Jer 6:26; 31:15+)

תַּמְרוּרִים (tǎm·rû·rîm): adv. [see also 9476]; ≡ Str 8563; TWOT 1248l—LN 78.1–78.27 bitterly, greatly, i.e., pertaining to a very great degree (Hos 12:15[EB 14]+)

9477 II. תַּמְרוּרִים (tǎm·rû·rîm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8564; TWOT 2523e—LN 33.476–33.489 guidepost, sign posts, road markers, i.e., objects (especially a post) as signals used as a non-verbal communication to identify a place or direction (Jer 31:21+), note: BHS ftn possibly changes text to 9406

תִּמְרוֹת (tim·rôṯ): see 9406

9478 תַּן (tǎn): n.masc. and fem. [La 4:3 K ?; Mal 1:3?+]; ≡ Str 5886, 8565, 8568; TWOT 2528a—LN 4.1–4.37 jackal, i.e., a long-eared mammal of the dog family (smaller than a true wolf), an omnivore which will also eat carrion, that hunts at night, often in packs, with a distinctive howl Canis aureus (Job 30:29; Ps 44:20[EB 19]; Isa 13:22; 34:13; 35:7; 43:20; Jer 9:10[EB 11]; 10:22; 14:6; 49:33; 51:37; La 4:3 Q; Mic 1:8; Mal 1:3+), note: some change text and interp Mal 1:3 as 5661, see BHS ftn

תּנה (tnh) KB, Holladay: see 9479, 9480

תּנה (tnh)[1] Lisowsky: see 9479

תּנה (tnh)[2] Lisowsky: see 9480

9479 I. תָּנָה (tā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8566; TWOT 2524—LN 88.271–88.282 (qal) indenture oneself as a prostitute, hire oneself out for sexual service (Hos 8:10+), note: Ps 8:2[EB 1], for another parsing see 5989; (hif) sell oneself for hire (Hos 8:9+), note: for hire and work, see also LN 57.172–57.177, note: sources variously suggest to repoint these verbs into various stems, the NIV translation may suggest to repoint verse 9 into a hif impf., other sources into pual

9480 II. תָּנָה (tā·nā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8567; TWOT 2525—LN 33.354–33.364 (piel) commemorate, i.e., retell a tale (in song?) recounting the praises of a person (Jdg 5:11; 11:40+), note: Holladay suggests “lament” as the meaning in Jdg 11:40.

9481 תְּנוּאָה (tenû·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8569; TWOT 1317a—1. LN 88.289–88.318 fault, what one has against another, implying a break in relation and so abandonment (Job 33:10+); 2. LN 34.31–34.39 unit: יָדַע אֵת תְּנוּאָה ־ִי (yā·ḏǎʿ ʾēṯ tenû·ʾā(h) i-y) experience a hostile relation, formally, know my fault-finding, i.e., have a break in association, implying abandonment (Nu 14:34+), note: some sources give more of a personal focus of the relation as “displeasure.”

9482 תְּנוּבָה (tenû·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8570; TWOT 1318c—LN 3.33–3.46 crop, produce, i.e., the fruit part of a plant, as a consumable food (Dt 32:13; Jdg 9:11; Isa 27:6; La 4:9; Eze 36:30+), see also domain LN 5.1–5.22

9483 תְּנוּךְ (tenûḵ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8571; TWOT 2527a—LN 8.9–8.69 earlobe, i.e., the pendant (lower rounded tip) part of the ear (Ex 29:20; Lev 8:23, 24; 14:14, 17, 25, 28+)

9484 תְּנוּמָה (tenû·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8572; TWOT 1325b—LN 23.66–23.77 slumber, sleep, i.e., an altered state of awareness with a focus on inactivity during that state, implying laziness in some contexts (Job 33:15; Ps 132:4; Pr 6:4, 10; 24:33+)

9485 תְּנוּפָה (tenû·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8573; TWOT 1330b—1. LN 53.16–53.27 wave offering, i.e., a sacrifice of animal, plants, or plant products, or metals that are waved before the LORD as a symbolic offering of ritual manipulation (Ex 29:24, 26, 27; 35:22; 38:24, 29; Lev 7:30, 34; 8:27, 29; 9:21; 10:14, 15; 14:12, 21, 24; 23:15, 17, 20; Nu 6:20; 8:11, 13, 15, 21; 18:11, 18+); 2. LN 19.1–19.13 blow, strike, i.e., what makes physical contact as a hitting motion (Isa 30:32+); 3. LN 20.1–20.11 unit: תְּנוּפָה יָד (tenû·p̄ā(h) yāḏ) violence, formally, waving hand, i.e., a strong destructive force as a figurative extension of a hand that strikes a physical object (Isa 19:16+)

9486 תַּנּוּר (tǎn·nûr): n.masc. [see also 9486.5]; ≡ Str 8574; TWOT 2526—1. LN 6.118–6.151 firepot, portable oven, i.e., a portable container that can contain coals and fire, with bread dough stuck to the sides of the container (Ge 15:17; Lev 2:4; 7:9; 11:35; 26:26; La 5:10; Hos 7:4, 6, 7+), note: in some contexts, this may refer to a non-portable oven; 2. LN 7.63–7.76 oven, i.e., a dome-like structure of clay used for baking (Ex 7:28[EB 8:3]+), note: this may refer to a portable oven, see above; 3. LN 7.63–7.76 furnace, i.e., a construction of earth and clay which can contain a very hot fire (Ps 21:10[EB 9]; Isa 31:9; Mal 3:19[EB 4:1]+), note: used for smelting of metals

תַּנּוּר (tǎn·nûr): n.pr. [served by 9486]; ≡ Str 8574; TWOT 2526—LN 93-place (loc.) Tower of the Ovens: a defensive area, likely on the NW section of the wall (Ne 3:11; 12:38+)

תַּנְחוּם (tǎn·ḥûm) BDB: see 9487, 9488

9487 תַּנְחוּמוֹת (tǎn·ḥû·môṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 8575; TWOT 1344d—LN 33.218–33.223 consolation, comfort, i.e., words which causes encouragement, implying hope (Job 15:11; 21:2+), see also 9488; see also domain LN 25.146–25.155

9488 תַּנְחוּמִים (tǎn·ḥû·mîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 8575; TWOT 1344d—LN 25.146–25.155 consolation, comfort, i.e., that which causes encouragement, implying hope (Ps 94:19+; Isa 66:11; Jer 16:7+), see also 9487

9489 תַּנְחֻמֶת (tǎn·ḥǔ·měṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8576;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tanhumeth: father of Seraiah (2Ki 25:23; Jer 40:8+)

תַּנִּים (tǎn·nîm): see 9478 and 9490

9490 תַּנִּין (tǎn·nîn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8577; TWOT 2528b—1. LN 4.51–4.57 sea monster, sea-dragon, i.e., a serpent-like monster (of myth?) that lives in the deep (of river or ocean), which can only be controlled by great powers (Ne 2:13; Job 7:12; Ps 74:13; Isa 27:1; 51:9; Eze 29:3; 32:2+); 2. LN 4.58–4.61 sea creatures, i.e., very large, impressive-looking creatures of the oceans, including very large fish and large marine mammals (Ge 1:21; Ps 148:7+), note: possibly referring to a sea monster; 3. LN 4.51–4.57 serpent, snake, i.e., a limbless reptile with a poisonous venom (Ex 7:9, 10, 12; Dt 32:33; Ps 91:13+); 4. LN 4.51–4.57 serpent monster, dragon, i.e., a serpent-like monster (of myth?) that lives on land, capable of consuming whole persons (Jer 51:34+), note: possibly referring to a sea monster

תַּנִּין עַיִן (tǎn·nîn ʿǎ·yin): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8577; TWOT 2528b—LN 93-place (loc.) (ASV, RSV, NIV, Tanakh) Jackal Well: area in proximity to Jerusalem, between the Valley and Dung Gates (Ne 2:13+), note: KJV, NASB, “Dragon’s Well;” NEB, REB, NAB, NRSV, “Dragon’sing. Spring;” NJB, “Dragon’sing. Fountain;” NKJV, “Serpent Well.”

9491 I. תִּנְשֶׁמֶת (tin·šě·měṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8580; TWOT 1433b—LN 4.51–4.57 small reptile, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: that which moves about on the ground; (most versions) chameleon (Lev 11:30+); (KJV, NAB) mole; (NJB) tinshamet

9492 II. תִּנְשֶׁמֶת (tin·šě·měṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8580; TWOT 1433b—LN 4.38–4.46 large bird, i.e., ceremonially unclean animal, hence not eatable: winged creature; likely a kind of owl, or a water-bird; (NIV, NASB, NKJV, Tanakh) white owl (Lev 11:18; Dt 14:16+); (ASV) horned owl; (NAB) barn owl; (NEB, REB) little owl; (NJB) ibis (a wading bird); (RSV, NRSV) water hen; (KJV) swan

תּעב (tʿb) or תעב (tʿb): see 9493

9493 תָּעַב (tā·ʿǎḇ): v.; ≡ Str 8581; TWOT 2530—LN 88.198–88.205 (piel) detest, abhor, loathe, despise, degrade, i.e., have a hate or very strong dislike for an object, implying contempt and low opinion of the value of the object (Dt 7:26; 23:8[EB 7]; Job 9:31; 19:19; 30:10; Ps 5:7[EB 6]; 106:40; 107:18; 119:163; Isa 49:7; Eze 16:25; Am 5:10; Mic 3:9+), see also domain LN 88.192–88.197; (nif) be repulsive, be vile, be rejected (1Ch 21:6; Job 15:16; Isa 14:19+); (hif) behave in a vile manner, act. shamefully (1Ki 21:26; Ps 14:1; 53:2[EB 1]; Eze 16:52+), note: see also domain LN 88.149–88.151; note: see also 9290

תּעה (tʿh) or תעה (tʿh): see 9494

9494 תָּעָה (tā·ʿā(h)): v.; ≡ Str 8582; TWOT 2531—1. LN 15.18–15.26 (qal) wander, i.e., make linear motion as traveling from place to place, but without one specific, immediate goal (Ge 21:14; 37:15; Ex 23:4; Job 38:41; Ps 107:4; 119:176+), note: in some contexts this wandering may refer to a straying from a right way of life, or some right principle; (hif) make wander (Ge 20:13; Job 12:24; Ps 107:40+); 2. LN 31.8–31.13 (qal) go astray, be misled, i.e., hold a wrong view about something, with a focus that this wrong belief also has wrong behaviors which need correction, as a figurative extension of wandering off a correct path (Ps 58:4; 95:10; 119:110; Pr 7:25; 14:22; 21:16; Isa 29:24; 35:8; 47:15; 53:6; Eze 14:11; 44:10,15; 48:11+), note: for a focus on the rebellion or sin involved in the deception, see also domain LN 39.34–39.41; for a focus on a change of opinion concerning truth, see also domain LN 31.58–31.81; (nif) deceive oneself (Job 15:31+); (hif) lead astray, mislead (2Ki 21:9; 2Ch 33:9; Pr 10:17; 12:26; Isa 3:12; 9:15[EB 16]; 19:13; 30:28; 63:17; Jer 23:13, 32; 42:20; 50:6; Hos 4:12; Am 2:4; Mic 3:5+), see also domain LN 88.152–88.159; 3. LN 16 (qal) stagger, totter, reel, i.e., the non-linear motion of a person whose body is out of control for some reason (Isa 28:7+); (nif) stagger around (Isa 19:14b+); (hif) make stagger (Job 12:25; Isa 19:14a+); 4. LN 23.188–23.196 (qal) spread out, i.e., the gradual linear motion of a plant tendril as it grows, as a figurative extension of an object wandering in linear motion (Isa 16:8+); 5. LN 25.251–25.269 (qal) falter, skip a beat, i.e., have an irregular heart beat or similar feeling as a bodily response to a fear and anxiety, as a figurative extension of an out of control body staggering (Isa 21:4+)

9495 תֹּעוּ (tō·ʿû): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8583;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tou: king of Hamath (1Ch 18:9, 10+), see also 9497

9496 תְּעוּדָה (teʿû·ḏā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8584; TWOT 1576g—1. LN 56.12–56.19 written legal testimony, i.e., correct information of a legal accusation or complaint, implied to be an authoritative document (Isa 8:16, 20+); 2. LN 34.42–34.49 method of legalizing transactions, formally, testimony, i.e., the act. of making a binding agreement (Ru 4:7+), note: in context, the transfer of a sandal representing the transfer of property, see also domain LN 57

9497 תֹּעִי (tō·ʿî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8583;—LN 93-pers. (male) Toi (Tou NIV): king of Hamath (2Sa 8:9, 10+), see also 9495

9498 I. תְּעָלָה (teʿā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8585; TWOT 1624n, 1624o—1. LN 1.51–1.59 trench, channel, i.e., a shallow hole dug in ground in succession so as to move or contain water (1Ki 18:32, 35, 38; Job 38:25; Eze 31:4+); 2. LN 7.63–7.76 aqueduct, i.e., a construction to move water from one area to another (2Ki 18:17; 20:20; Isa 7:3; 36:2+), note: this construction may be above or below ground

9499 II. תְּעָלָה (teʿā·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8585; TWOT 1624n—LN 23.129–23.141 healing, i.e., the state or condition of being restored to health from an injury or disease (Jer 30:13; 46:11+)

9500 תַּעֲלוּלִים (tǎ·ʿǎlû·lîm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 8586; TWOT 1627f—1. LN 31.58–31.81 impulsive people, i.e., persons who are unstable and capricious and so unpredictable, implying unjust treatment (Isa 3:4+), note: NIV translates “mere children,” suggesting from 6620; 2. LN 22.1–22.14 harsh treatment, i.e., a way of treating a person which inflicts difficulty or hardship upon the person receiving the oppression (Isa 66:4+)

9501 תַּעֲלֻם (tǎ·ʿǎlǔm): n.masc.—see 9502 (Job 28:11 MT+), note: the MT places a dagesh in ה (h) suggesting suffix of 2023, others remove dagesh, see BHS ftn

9502 תַּעֲלֻמָה (tǎ·ʿǎlǔ·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8587; TWOT 1629a—LN 28.68–28.83 secret things, things hidden, i.e., things that are not normally able to be known (Job 11:6; 28:11 v.r.; Ps 44:22[EB 21]+), note: for v.r. in Job 28:11 see BHS ftn, see also 9501

9503 תַּעֲנוּג (tǎ·ʿǎnûḡ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8588; TWOT 1648c—1. LN 25.102–25.115 pleasure, delight, i.e., an attitude of enjoying and being fond of something (Ecc 2:8; SS 7:7[EB 6]; Mic 1:16+); 2. LN 88.252–88.255 living in luxury, i.e., a state of relative comfort and enjoyment (Pr 19:10; Mic 2:9+), note: context may include either a very high state of luxury or a modest but sufficient state of luxury

9504 תַּעֲנִית (tǎ·ʿǎnîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8589; TWOT 1652f—LN 25.135–25.145 mourning posture, i.e., sit in a position which communicates deep sorrow and lamenting (Ezr 9:5+), note: NIV, REB, “self-abasement;” NKJV, RSV, NRSV, “fasting;” NJB, stupor;” CEV, “sorrow;” NAB, “wretchedness;” Tanakh, “self-affliction,” see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

תַּעְנָךְ (tǎʿ·nāḵ) BDB: see 9505

9505 תַּעֲנַךְ (tǎ·ʿǎnǎḵ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8590;—LN 93-place (loc.) Taanach: town on the border of Issachar, (Jos 12:21; 17:11; 21:25; Jdg 1:27; 5:19; 1Ki 4:12; 1Ch 7:29+)

תּעע (tʿʿ) or תעע (tʿʿ): see 9506

9506 תָּעַע (tā·ʿǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 8591; TWOT 2532—1. LN 31.8–31.13 (pilpel ptcp.) trickster, formally, be mocking, i.e., be a person that plays a cruel joke or trick on a person causing to mislead or deceive another, resulting in the anger of the one being tricked, with a special focus that this action is a mocking and scoffing as a personal attack (Ge 27:12+); 2. LN 33.406–33.411 (hitpalpel ptcp.) scoffing at, jeering at, make fun of, i.e., speak words which give verbal ridicule and mocking (2Ch 36:16+)

9507 תְּעֻפָה (teʿǔ·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 5774; TWOT 1582—LN 25.288–25.296 darkness, gloom, sadness, discouragement, i.e., a dejection of spirits as a figurative extension of physical darkness (Job 11:17+), for another parsing, see 6415

תַּעֲצֻמָה (tǎ·ʿǎṣǔ·mā(h)) BDB: see 9508

9508 תַּעֲצֻמוֹת (tǎ·ʿǎṣǔ·môṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 8592; TWOT 1673e—LN 76 strength, might, i.e., the power or potent force sufficient to accomplish an end or purpose (Ps 68:36[EB 35]+)

9509 תַּעַר (tǎ·ʿǎr): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8593; TWOT 1692e—1. LN 6.215–6.225 razor, keen knife, i.e., a very sharp cutting and shaving instrument, often for hair (Nu 6:5; 8:7; Ps 52:4[EB 2]; Isa 7:20; Eze 5:1+), note: used for severing and sharpening; 2. LN 6.54–6.67 knife, i.e., a sharp knife used for cutting ancient writing materials such as leather or papyrus (Jer 36:23+); 3. LN 6.118–6.151 sheath, scabbard, i.e., a receptacle or container for a knife, dagger or sword, often belted on the waist (1Sa 17:51; 2Sa 20:8; Jer 47:6; Eze 21:8[EB 3],9[EB 4],10[EB 5],35[EB 30]+)

תַּעֲרֻבָה (tǎ·ʿǎrǔ·ḇā(h)) BDB: see 9510

תַּעֲרוּבָה (tǎ·ʿǎrû·ḇā(h)) Lisowsky: see 9510

9510 תַּעֲרוּבוֹת (tǎ·ʿǎrû·ḇôṯ): n.fem.pl.; ≡ Str 8594; TWOT 1686d—1. LN 57.152–57.171 pledge, surety, security, i.e., an object of value that is given as a guarantee of repayment of a loan, or fulfillment of an obligation (2Ki 14:14; 2Ch 25:24+); 2. LN 57.152–57.171 unit: בֵּן הַ־ תַּעֲרוּבוֹת (bēn hǎ- tǎ·ʿǎrû·ḇôṯ) hostage, formally, son of the pledge, i.e., a person that is held in pledge for the fulfillment of an obligation or a ransom payment, making them a commodity, much like a slave (2Ki 14:14; 2Ch 25:24+), see also domain LN 87.76–87.86

9511 תַּעְתֻּעִים (tǎʿ·tǔ·ʿîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 8595; TWOT 2532a—LN 33.406–33.411 mockery, derision, i.e., the action of speaking words which scoff and jeer (Jer 10:15; 51:18+)

9512 I. תֹּף (tōp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8596; TWOT 2536a—LN 6.83–6.95 tambourine, timbrel, small hand-drum, i.e., a percussion instrument (tympanic) held and struck by the hand, with a shallow headed drum (Ge 31:27; Ex 15:20; Jdg 11:34; 1Sa 10:5; 18:6; 2Sa 6:5; 1Ch 13:8; Job 21:12; Ps 81:3[EB 2]; 149:3; 150:4; Isa 5:12; 24:8; 30:32; Jer 31:4+), note: this ancient instrument possibly had metallic disks that also make noise when the drum is struck; note: for Eze 28:13, see 9513

9513 II. תֹּף (tōp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8596; TWOT 2536a—1. LN 6.14–6.22 (NIV, NASB, RSV, NRSV) setting, mounting, i.e., the frame or bed in which a gem is set (Eze 28:13+), see also 9512; see also 5920; 2. LN 6.188–6.196 (NAB) pendant, i.e., an ornament or some kind of adornment with gems in it (Eze 28:13+), note: so similarly, (NJB) ear-pendants; (NEB, REB) jingling beads; (Tanakh) “beautifully wrought”; 3. LN 6.83–6.95 (ASV, KJV, NKJV) timbrels, tabrets, i.e., a tympanic, percussion instrument (Eze 28:13+), note: “setting” or “mounting” is the best contextual rendering

תִּפְאָרָה (tip̄·ʾā·rā(h)) BDB, Lisowsky: see 9514

9514 תִּפְאֶרֶת (tip̄·ʾě·rěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8597; TWOT 1726b—1. LN 6.188–6.196 finery, ornament, i.e., that which is an adornment of some kind, with a focus on the beauty wearing it provides (2Ch 3:6; Isa 3:18; 13:19; Eze 16:17, 39; 23:36); 2. LN 87.4–87.18 honor, glory, i.e., the state or quality of giving high attribution or status to someone (Dt 26:19; Jdg 4:9); 3. LN 79.18–79.23 splendor, glory, i.e., the state or quality of having an attractive, possibly shining appearance as the feature of an object (Pr 4:9; Pr 16:31); 4. LN 25.203–25.205 pride, i.e., the state or quality of being legitimately proud of a person or circumstance (Pr 17:6; 20:29); 5. LN 88.206–88.222 haughtiness, pride, i.e., the state or quality of false pride as an exaggerated, false view of oneself (Isa 10:12; 13:9)

9515 I. תַּפּוּחַ (tǎp·pûaḥ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8598; TWOT 1390c—1. LN 3.2–3.12 apple tree, i.e., a tree with fragrant blossoms, good shade, and sweet, delicious fruit, Malus pumila or Pyrus malus, i.e., the red or dwarfed apple (SS 2:3; 8:5; Joel 1:12+), note: other sources argue for other identifications; 2. LN 3.33–3.46 apple, i.e., the fruit of the apple tree (Pr 25:11; SS 2:5; 7:9[EB 8]+); also, a part of a compound name, Beth Tappuah, see 1130; En Tappuah, see 6540

9516 II. תַּפּוּחַ (tǎp·pûaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8599;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tappuah: of Hebron and Caleb (1Ch 2:43+), see also 1130

9517 III. תַּפּוּחַ (tǎp·pûaḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8599;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tappuah: 1. town the Shephelah of Judah (Jos 15:34+) 2. border town between Ephraim and Manasseh (Jos 12:17; 16:8; 17:8+, see also 6540

תְּפוֹצָה (tep̄ô·ṣā(h)) BDB: see 9518

9518 תְּפוּצָה (tep̄û·ṣā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8600; TWOT 1745b—LN 19.34–19.42 pl. shattering, smashing, dashing, i.e., the act. or state of breaking a brittle object into inordinate dispersing parts (Jer 25:34+)

תַּפֻּחַ (tǎp·pǔaḥ) BDB: see 9516 (1Ch 2:43+)

9519 תֻּפִינִים (tǔ·p̄î·nîm): n.[masc.] pl.; ≡ Str 8601; TWOT 2533—LN 46 (most versions) baked goods (Lev 6:14[EB 21]+), note: as a food, see LN 5.1–5.22, as offering, see LN 53.16–53.27; note: NIV?, NAB, NEB, REB, NJB, “broken, crumbled;” some sources change text to 7359 pual impf. “be crumbled;” oth read as from non-biblical root פָּנַן (pā·nǎn) “to be folded;” note: the editor’s choice is likely to change text to a pual imperfect of 7359 as an adjective “crumbled, broken” which would be similar to the instruction for the grain offering in Lev 2:5, 6

תּפל (tpl) or תפל (tpl): see 9520

9520 תָּפַל (tā·p̄ǎl): v.; ≡ Str 6617; TWOT 1857—1. LN 33.374–33.381 (qal) talk nonsense, i.e., speak content which foolish and contrary to wisdom (Ps 141:5 cj+), note: for MT text in Ps 141:5, see 9525; 2. LN 32.42–32.61 (hitp) appear a fool, i.e., manifest oneself as one with no understanding in one’s behavior or words, from the view of the speaker (2Sa 22:27+), note: for NIV text in 2Sa 22:27, see 7349

9521 I. תָּפֵל (tā·p̄ēl): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8602; TWOT 2534a, 2535a—LN 7.77–7.79 whitewash, quicklime-plaster, i.e., a liquid lime or ground sea shell composition with many various uses in construction, especially as a smoothing and whitening agent on a wall surface (Eze 13:10, 11, 14, 15; 22:28+), note: for another interp in La 2:14, see 9522

9522 II. תָּפֵל (tā·p̄ēl): adj.; ≡ Str 8602; TWOT 2534a—1. LN 79.39–79.44 tasteless, i.e., pertaining to food which has no natural flavor or appetizing zest (Job 6:6+), see also domain LN 24.72; 2. LN 65.30–65.39 worthless, formally, tasteless, i.e., pertaining to being useless and unproven or untested, utterly lacking value and use for what an object is designed to do (La 2:14+), note: for another interp, see 9521

9523 תֹּפֶל (tō·p̄ěl): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8603;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tophel: place in the wilderness wanderings after the exodus from Egypt (Dt 1:1+)

9524 תִּפְלָה (tip̄·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8604; TWOT 2534b—1. LN 88.289–88.318 wrongdoing, sin, crime, i.e., that action which causes guilt to be incurred, with a focus that this kind of action is empty and insipid (Job 1:22; 24:12+); 2. LN 25.186–25.188 repulsiveness, i.e., a state or condition which causes feeling of abhorrence and loathing (Jer 23:13+)

9525 תְּפִלָּה (tep̄il·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8605; TWOT 1776a—LN 33.178–33.179 prayer, plea, request, petition, i.e., the act. of speaking to or making requests to God (2Sa 7:27), note: for Ps 141:5 cj, see 9520

9526 תִּפְלֶצֶת (tip̄·lě·ṣěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8606; TWOT 1778c—LN 25.251–25.269 terror, horror, i.e., a state of fear or alarm as a condition of great distress (Jer 49:16+)

9527 תִּפְסַח (tip̄·sǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8607;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tiphsah: 1. northernmost town of Solomon’s realm(1Ki 5:4[EB 4:24]+) 2. town in the tribal area of Ephraim or Manasseh, N of Jerusalem (2Ki 15:16+)

תּפף (tpp) or תפף (tpp): see 9528

9528 תָּפַף (tā·p̄ǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 8608; TWOT 2536—1. LN 6.83–6.95 (qal) play a tambourine, i.e., rhythmically tap on a small hand-drum (Ps 68:26[EB 25]+); 2. LN 19.1–19.13 (polel) strike, hit, i.e., hit the fist or hand on an object (Na 2:8[EB 7]+); note: in context a sign of mourning, see also domain LN 25.135–25.145; note: for a MT text in 1Sa 21:14, see 9344

תּפר (tpr) or תפר (tpr): see 9529

9529 תָּפַר (tā·p̄ǎr): v.; ≡ Str 8609; TWOT 2537—LN 48 (qal) sew, mend together, i.e., stitch together pieces of material so as to make new clothing, or mend old clothing (Ge 3:7; Job 16:15; Ecc 3:7+); (piel) sew together (Eze 13:18+)

תּפשׂ (tpś) or תפשׂ (tpś): see 9530

9530 תָּפַשׂ (tā·p̄ǎś): v.; ≡ Str 8610; TWOT 2538—1. LN 37.108–37.110 (qal) take hold of, seize, capture, arrest, i.e., take another entity or object into custody, often as a military victory (Dt 20:19); (nif) seized, caught, be captured (Jer 34:3; 38:23; 48:41; 50:24, 46; 51:32, 41; Eze 21:28[EB 23],29[EB 24]+); 2. LN 79.114–79.117 (qal pass.) covered, i.e., pertaining to placing one object over another, as the feature of an object (Hab 2:19+); 3. LN 28.28–28.56 (nif) caught in the act., i.e., pertaining to something being clearly known by first hand experience of the speaker or a witness (Nu 5:13+); 4. LN 37.1–37.32 (qal) control, i.e., be under the considerable influence of another so as to do only what the controller wants, as a figurative extension of being caught in a trap or by the hand (Eze 14:5); (nif) controlled (Ps 10:2+); 5. LN 18.1–18.11 (qal) seize, take hold of, i.e., grasp and hold an object (Ge 39:12); (nif) be caught (Eze 12:13; 17:20; 19:4, 8+), note: some of the contexts may refer to being seized in custody as a prisoner, see also domain LN 37.108–37.110; (piel) catch, seize with the hand (Pr 30:28+); 6. LN 6.83–6.95 (qal) play an instrument, formally, grasp, i.e., execute a melody from a musical instrument, as an extension of grasping an object in the hand (Ge 4:21); 7. LN 41.1–41.24 (qal) deal with, formally, grasp, i.e., behave or conduct oneself with respect to certain means, as a figurative extension of grasping an object with familiarity and some understanding (Jer 2:8); 8. LN 43 (qal) reap, i.e., cut off and gather the harvest, as an extension of grasping and controlling an object in the hand (Jer 50:16); 9. LN 87.58–87.75 (qal) dishonor, profane, i.e., cause one to have low status, and so become a contemptible object of loathing, as a figurative extension of having a low status after being captured in a battle or some such event (Pr 30:9); 10. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: (qal) תָּפַשׂ הַ־ מִלְחָמָה (tā·p̄ǎś hǎ- mil·ḥā·mā(h)) soldier, formally, engaged in battle, i.e., one who is a military fighter (Nu 31:27); 11. LN 55.14–55.22 unit: תָּפַשׂ הַ־ קֶשֶׁת (tā·p̄ǎś hǎ- qě·šěṯ) archer, bowman, formally, handler of the bow, i.e., a soldier who shoots arrows with a bow (Am 2:15+); 12. LN 88.271–88.282 unit: (qal) תָּפַשׂ וְ־ שָׁכַב (tā·p̄ǎś w- šā·ḵǎḇ) rape, formally, grasp and lie with, i.e., to attack and force a partner to have sexual intercourse (Dt 22:28+)

9531 I. תֹּפֶת (tō·p̄ěṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8611; TWOT 2499a—LN 23.40–23.45 spitting, i.e., the act. of expressing fluid from the mouth, with the associative meaning as an act. of contempt (Job 17:6+), note: the entire phrase, “a spitting to the face I have become,” means “I am an object of contempt.”

9532 II. תֹּפֶת (tō·p̄ěṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8612; TWOT 2539—LN 93-place (loc.) Topheth: place in the Valley of Ben Hinnom, with the associative meaning of defilement and death (2Ki 23:10; Jer 7:31, 32; 19:6–14 passim+), see also 9533

9533 תָּפְתֶּה (tāp̄·tě(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8613;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tophteh (Topheth NIV): place in the Valley of Ben Hinnom (Isa 30:33+), see also 9532; see also BHS ftn for a text variant

9534 תָּקְהַת (tāq·hǎṯ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8616;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tokhath: father-in-law of the prophetess Huldah (2Ch 34:22 Q+), see 9363, see also 9537

9535 I. תִּקְוָה (tiq·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8615; TWOT 1994d, 1994e—LN 6.14–6.22 cord, tie, several strands of flexible material made into one length of thick string (Jos 2:18, 21+), note: in context, possibly an ornamental tie for a garment

9536 II. תִּקְוָה (tiq·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8615; TWOT 1994d—LN 25.59–25.64 hope, expectation, looking forward to, i.e., a confidence in regard to a good and beneficial future (Ru 1:12; Job 4:6; 5:16; 6:8; 7:6; 8:13; 11:18, 20; 14:7, 19; 17:15; 19:10; 27:8; Ps 9:19[EB 18]; 62:6[EB 5]; 71:5; Pr 10:28; 11:7, 23; 19:18; 23:18; 24:14; 26:12; 29:20; Jer 29:11; 31:17; La 3:29; Eze 19:5; 37:11; Hos 2:17[EB 15]; Zec 9:12+), see also domain LN 30.53–30.55

9537 III. תִּקְוָה (tiq·wā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8616;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tikvah: 1. father-in-law of the prophetess Huldah (2Ki 22:14+), see also 9534 2. father of Jahzeiah (Ezr 10:15+)

9538 תְּקוּמָה (teqû·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8617; TWOT 1999g—LN 39.18–39.20 resistance, formally, ability or power to stand, i.e., the opposition of pressure or power as a figurative extension of standing in a defensive fighting position (Lev 26:37+), see also domain LN 17

9539 תְּקוֹמֵם (teqô·mēm): n.masc.; ≡ Str 6965, 8618;—LN 39.1–39.12 opponent, adversary, i.e., one who is in a state of hostility and acts as an enemy (Ps 139:21+), note: some change text to (hitp ptcp.) 7756

תְקוֹמְמֶיךָ (ṯeqô·memê·ḵā): see 7756 + 3870, or 9539

9540 תָּקוֹעַ (tā·qôaʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8619; TWOT 2541b—LN 6.83–6.95 trumpet, bugle, i.e., a wind instrument often used as a signal for large groups or areas of people (Eze 7:14+)

9541 תְּקוֹעַ (teqôaʿ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8620;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tekoa: town of Judah, (2Sa 14:2; 1Ch 2:24; 4:5; 2Ch 11:6; 20:20; Jer 6:1; Am 1:1+), see also 9542

9542 תְּקוֹעִי (teqô·ʿî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8621;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Tekoite: pertaining to persons of Tekoa (2Sa 14:4, 9; 23:26; 1Ch 11:28; 27:9; Ne 3:5, 27+), see also 9541

9543 תְּקוּפָה (teqû·p̄ā(h)): n.fem. [see also ]; ≡ Str 8622; TWOT 2001a—1. LN 15.88–15.92 circuit, trajectory, i.e., the fixed course of an object in the atmosphere (Ps 19:7[EB 6]+); 2. LN 67.78–67.117 course, cycle, i.e., an indefinite period of time (1Sa 1:20+)

תְּקוּפָה (teqû·p̄ā(h)): adv. [served by 9543]; ≡ Str 8622; TWOT 2001a—LN 67.78–67.117 at the turn, in the end, i.e., pertaining to a period of time in which change occurs (Ex 34:22; 2Ch 24:23+)

9544 תַּקִּיף (tǎq·qîp̄): adj.; ≡ Str 8623; TWOT 2542b—LN 76 strong, mighty, forceful, i.e., pertaining to being of strength or power relative to other objects (Ecc 6:10 K+), note: for Ecc 6:10 Q, see 9548 (hif)

תּקן (tqn) or תקן (tqn): see 9545

9545 תָּקַן (tā·qǎn): v.; ≡ Str 8626; TWOT 2540—1. LN 79.88–79.90 (qal) be straight, i.e., be in a state or condition that is not linearly crooked or twisted (Ecc 1:15+); (piel) straighten, i.e., make something that is crooked straight (Ecc 7:13+), note: the context here may refer to situations in life and not mere crooked things; 2. LN 61 (piel) set in order, arrange in a meaningful way, formally straighten, i.e., place a collection of objects into a meaningful sequence (Ecc 12:9+)

תּקע (tqʿ) or תקע (tqʿ): see 9546

9546 תָּקַע (tā·qǎʿ): v.; ≡ Str 8628; TWOT 2541—1. LN 14.74–14.86 (qal) sound a trumpet, i.e., blow a trumpet, usually as a signal for large areas or collections of people (1Sa 13:3); (nif) trumpet be sounded (Isa 27:13; Am 3:6+), note: as a musical sound, see LN 6.83–6.95; 2. LN 85.67–85.85 (qal) camp, pitch camp, formally, strike, i.e., dwell in a certain area in a tent as an extension of the driving a tent peg in the ground (Ge 31:25; Jer 6:3); 3. LN 15.34–15.74 (qal) drive, i.e., cause an object to depart an area in a linear motion (Ex 10:19); 4. LN 18.12–18.23 (qal) fasten, hang, i.e., attach an object to a usually larger frame or wall (Jdg 16:13 NIV,14, 1Sa 31:10; 1Ch 10:10); 5. LN 19.1–19.13 (qal) strike, drive violently, i.e., make a forceful striking motion so intense as to plunge, shatter, so impact violently (Jdg 3:21; 4:21; 2Sa 18:14; Isa 22:23); (qal pass.) be driven, i.e., be struck (Isa 22:25+); 6. LN 16 (qal) clap, i.e., a motion of striking the hands together in a manner that makes a sound (Ps 47:2[EB 1]; Na 3:19), note: in these contexts a motion as a non-verbal communication of joy, see also domain LN 33.476–33.489; 7. LN 33.286–33.290 (qal) join hands in a pledge, formally, clap hands, as a gesture to ratify a bargain (Pr 6:1; 17:18; 22:26); (nif) put up a security, formally, hands be struck (Job 17:3+), note: this may have been like a hearty handshake, or possibly some other unknown action of joining the hands; see also LN 57.224–57.225

9547 תֵּקַע (tē·qǎʿ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8629; TWOT 2541a—LN 6.83–6.95 sounding, blast, i.e., the act. of making a sound on a trumpet instrument (Ps 150:3+), see also domain LN 14.74–14.86

תְּקֹעִי (teqō·ʿî) BDB: see 9542 (2Sa 14:4; Ne 3:27+)

תּקף (tqp) or תקף (tqp): see 9548

תֹּקְעִים (tō·qeʿîm) Lisowsky: see 9364

9548 תָּקַף (tā·qǎp̄): v.; ≡ Str 8630; TWOT 2542—LN 39.52–39.61 (qal) overpower, overwhelm, i.e., to conquer another and gain victory and control (Job 14:20; 15:24; Ecc 4:12+); (hif) be strong (Ecc 6:10 K+), note: for Q, see 9544

תָּקֵף (tā·qēp̄) BDB: see 9548

9549 תֹּקֶף (tō·qěp̄): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8633; TWOT 2542a—LN 37.35–37.47 authority, governing power, governmental might, i.e., the right to control or govern over, implying the power to back up decisions and actions (Est 9:29; 10:2; Da 11:17+), note: this may be general or very specific limited authority

תָּר (tār): n.masc. [oth:qal act.ptcp. of 9365]; ≡ Str 8633; TWOT 2542a—LN 57.186–57.188 merchant, trader, i.e., a business man that buys and sells or barters and trades goods (1Ki 10:15; 2Ch 9:14+)

תֹּר (tōr) BDB, Lisowsky: see 9366, 9367

9550 תַּרְאֲלָה (tǎr·ʾǎlā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8634;—LN 93-place (loc.) Taralah: town allotted to Benjamin (Jos 18:27+)

9551 תַּרְבּוּת (tǎr·bûṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8635; TWOT 2103e—LN 11.1–11.11 brood, breed, i.e., a group all of the same class or kind (Nu 32:14+), note: in context this refers to an evil group

9552 תַּרְבִּית (tǎr·bîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8636; TWOT 2103f—LN 57.55–57.70 usury, i.e., excessive or exorbitant interest, which is a charge for borrowing money as a gain to the borrower (Lev 25:36; Pr 28:8; Eze 18:8, 13, 17; 22:12+)

תִּרְגַּל (tir·gǎl) BDB: see 8078 (tifil)

תִּרְגֵּל (tir·gēl): see 8078 (tifil)

תּרגם (trgm) or תרגם (trgm): see 9553

9553 תִּרְגֵּם (tir·gēm): v.; ≡ Str 8638; TWOT 2543—LN 33.134–33.155 (pual ptcp.) be interpreted, be translated, i.e., pertaining to rendering with meaning from one known language to another (Ezr 4:7+); note: NIV translates “language;” note: lexical form has four radicals

9554 תַּרְדֵּמָה (tǎr·dē·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8639; TWOT 2123a—1. LN 23.66–23.77 deep sleep, i.e., a supernaturally induced state of very heavy sleep, often implying a revelation or action of God will happen (Ge 2:21; 15:12; 1Sa 26:12; Job 4:13; 33:15; Isa 29:10+); 2. LN 88.246–88.251 lethargy, listlessness, i.e., normal indolence and laziness and apathy to work and diligence (Pr 19:15+)

9555 תִּרְהָקָה (tir·hā·qā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8640;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tirhakah: king of Ethiopia and 25th Egyptian Dynasty (2Ki 19:9; Isa 37:9+)

9556 תְּרוּמָה (terû·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8641; TWOT 2133i—1. LN 53.16–53.27 offering, gift, i.e., what is given or set aside as a special, voluntary contribution to a person, deity, or cause in worship, either a whole of something or a part (Ex 25:2), see also domain LN 57.71–57.124; 2. LN 57.172–57.177 bribe, i.e., a gift given to one in authority as a quid pro quo, or hiring for special favors which will ignore justice (Pr 29:4); 3. LN 1.82–1.85 district, i.e., an area that has been set aside for a special purpose (Eze 45:7)

9557 תְּרוּמִיָּה (terû·miy·yā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8642; TWOT 2133j—LN 53.16–53.27 special gift, tribute, i.e., what is given or set aside as a special, voluntary contribution to a person, deity, or cause in worship either a whole of something or a part (Eze 48:12+), see also domain LN 57.71–57.124

9558 תְּרוּעָה (terû·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8643; TWOT 2135b—1. LN 14.74–14.86 blast, i.e., the sound of an ancient trumpet as a signal (Lev 23:24; 25:9; Nu 10:5, 6; 29:1; 31:6; 2Ch 13:12; Job 39:25+); 2. LN 14.74–14.86 cry of the voice, loud sounds, i.e., the loud shout of the voice as a signal but no particular focus on content of the sounds (Nu 23:21; Jos 6:5, 20; 1Sa 4:5, 6; 2Sa 6:15; 1Ch 15:28; 2Ch 15:14; Ezr 3:13b; Jer 4:19; 20:16; 49:2; Eze 21:27[EB 22]; Am 1:14; 2:2; Zep 1:16+); 3. LN 33.69–33.108 shouts of joyful acclaim, i.e., loud, shouting sound, likely with some meaningful words of acclaim (Ezr 3:11, 12, 13a; Job 8:21; 33:26; Ps 27:6; 33:3; 47:6[EB 5]; 89:16[EB 15]+), note: in context usually joyful words; 4. LN 14.74–14.86 clashing, crashing, i.e., the resounding percussion sounds of large cymbals (Ps 150:5+)

9559 תְּרוּפָה (terû·p̄ā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8644; TWOT 2136a—LN 23.129–23.141 healing, i.e., the process or result of recovering health from a physically sick state (Eze 47:12+)

9560 תִּרְזָה (tir·zā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8645; TWOT 2543.1—LN 3.2–3.12 tree, i.e., a species of tree currently unknown (Isa 44:14+), note: variously translated; (WBC) tree; (Holladay sugg.) oak or conifer; (KJV, NIV, NASB) cypress tree; (ASV, RSV, NRSV, NAB) holm tree; (NJB) oak; (NEB) ilex; (Tanakh) plane tree; note: the context may suggest a class of tree complementing the other two trees, so translate “fir.”

9561 תֶּרַח (tě·rǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8646;—LN 93-pers. (male) Terah: father of Abraham (Ge 11:24–32 passim; Jos 24:2; 1Ch 1:26+)

9562 תָּרַח (tā·rǎḥ): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8646;—LN 93-place (loc.) Terah: stopping place on route from Egypt (Nu 33:27, 28+)

9563 תִּרְחֲנָה (tir·ḥǎnā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8647;—LN 93-pers. (male) Tirhanah: son of Caleb-Maacah (1Ch 2:48+), note: some think this name may refer to a female

9564 תָּרְמָה (tār·mā(h)): n.fem. [see also 9564.5]; ≡ Str 8649; TWOT 2169c—LN 28.68–28.83 (most versions) secrecy, clandestineness, formally, treachery, i.e., a state which is secret and unknowable, or not easily known (Jdg 9:31+), note: (KB, Holladay, BDB, RSV, NRSV, NAB): read as n.pr.loc., see 9564.5, 777

תָּרְמָה (tār·mā(h)): n.pr. [served by 9564]; ≡ Str 8649; TWOT 2169c—LN 93-place (loc.) (Tanakh) Tormah: an unknown place (Jdg 9:31+) same as 777; note: for another interp, see 9564

9565 תַּרְמוּק (tǎr·mûq): see 9475 GK number error

תרמות (trmwt) BDB: see 9566

9566 תַּרְמוּת (tǎr·mûṯ): n.fem.—see 9567 (Jer 14:14 K+)

9567 תַּרְמִית (tǎr·mîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8649; TWOT 2169c—1. LN 33.426–33.434 deceitfulness, i.e., an act. of accusation or blame which is untrue, with a focus that the accusation misleads (Ps 119:118+), note: for Ps 119:118 cj, see 9569; 2. LN 31.8–31.13 delusion, deceit, i.e., that thing or idea which is patently false, and yet is held as a plausible belief (Jer 8:5; 14:14; 23:26+); 3. LN 33.251–33.255 unit: לָשׁוֹן תַּרְמִית (lā·šôn tǎr·mîṯ) lie, falsehood, formally, tongue of deceitfulness, i.e., what is spoken that is false, with the motive to deceive (Zep 3:13+)

9568 תֹּרֶן (tō·rěn): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8650; TWOT 2544—1. LN 6.41–6.51 sailing mast, i.e., a vertical long pole on a boat secured on deck or keel of a boat to hold rigging and sails (Isa 33:23; Eze 27:5+); 2. LN 6.54–6.67 flagstaff, i.e., signal post or pole with a flag on the top of hill as an obvious signal for a large area (Isa 30:17+), see also domain LN 33.476–33.489

9569 תַּרְעִית (tǎr·ʿîṯ): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8649; TWOT 2169c—LN 30.53–30.55 thought, i.e., thinking as a mental process, with a focus on future possibilities for action being considered (Ps 119:118 cj+), note: for MT text, see 9567

9570 תַּרְעֵלָה (tǎr·ʿē·lā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8653; TWOT 2188c—LN 16 reeling, staggering, tottering, wobbling, i.e., the condition of stumbling, bumbling, half-falling motion of a drunken person as they attempt to walk (Ps 60:5[EB 3]; Isa 51:17,22+)

9571 תִּרְעָתִים (tir·ʿā·ṯîm): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8654;—LN 93-pers. (gent.pl.) Tirathites: clan scribes that lived at Jabez (1Ch 2:55+)

9572 תְּרָפִים (terā·p̄îm): n.masc.pl.; ≡ Str 8655; TWOT 2545—LN 6.96–6.101 idol, household god, of various shapes and sizes (Ge 31:19, 34, 35; Jdg 17:5; 18:14, 17, 18, 20; 1Sa 15:23; 19:13, 16; 2Ki 23:24; Eze 21:26[EB 21]; Hos 3:4; Zec 10:2+)

9573 I. תִּרְצָה (tir·ṣā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8656;—LN 93-pers. (female) Tirzah: daughter of Zelophehad (Nu 26:33; 27:1; Nu 36:11; Jos 17:3+), see also 9574

9574 II. תִּרְצָה (tir·ṣā(h)): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8656;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tirzah: town in Samaria, (Jos 12:24; 1Ki 15:21, 33; 16:6, 8, 9,15, 17, 23; 2Ki 15:14, 16; SS 6:4+), see also 9573

9575 תֶּרֶשׁ (tě·rěš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8657;—LN 93-pers. (male) Teresh: officer of Persian King Xerxes (Est 2:21; 6:2+)

9576 I. תַּרְשִׁישׁ (tǎr·šîš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8659; TWOT 2547—LN 93-place (loc.) Tarshish: 1. place possibly in Arabia or E Africa (Eze 38:13), note: oth see 2. 2. a place (town or region) in the Mediterranean (Jnh 1:3; 4:2), note: the distinguishing of these two is a difficult task

9577 II. תַּרְשִׁישׁ (tǎr·šîš): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8658; TWOT 2546—LN 2.29–2.48 precious stone: (NIV, NAB) chrysolite; (most versions) beryl; (NEB, REB) topaz (Ex 28:20; 39:13; SS 5:14; Eze 1:16; 10:9; 28:13; Da 10:6+), note: exact identification not certain, note: the LXX suggests a gold-colored stone in Ex 28:20

9578 III. תַּרְשִׁישׁ (tǎr·šîš): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8659; TWOT 2547—LN 93-pers. (male) Tarshish: 1. son of Noah (Ge 10:4; 1Ch 1:7+), see also 9576 2. of Benjamin (1Ch 7:10+) 3. close advisor of King Xerxes (Est 1:14+)

9579 תִּרְשָׁתָא (tir·šā·ṯā(ʾ)): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8660; TWOT 2548—LN 37.48–37.95 governor, i.e., a Persian ruler over a territory and its people, as a government official of a kingdom (Ezr 2:63; Ne 7:65, 69[NIV 70]; 8:9; 10:2[EB 1]+)

9580 תַּרְתָּן (tǎr·tān): n.masc.; ≡ Str 8661; TWOT 2549—LN 55.14–55.22 supreme commander, i.e., the Assyrian title of the highest general, or chief of staff of an army (2Ki 18:17; Isa 20:1+)

9581 תַּרְתָּק (tǎr·tāq): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8662;—LN 12.23 (pagan god) Tartak: a god of the Avvites, possibly related to “Atargatis,” a god worshiped in Syria and by the Arameans in Mesopotamia (2Ki 17:31+)

9582 תְּשׂוּמָה (teśû·mā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8667; TWOT 2243a—LN 35.47–35.50 pledge, security, deposit, i.e., that which has been entrusted into the care of another, without having ownership (Lev 5:21[EB 6:2]+)

תְּשׂוּמֶת (teśû·měṯ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 9582

9583 תְּשֻׁאָה (tešǔ·ʾā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8663; TWOT 2339c—1. LN 14.74–14.86 shouting, commotion, i.e., the making of a loud tumultuous sound, which as a whole may make a signal, but not with verbal content (Job 39:7; Isa 22:2+); 2. LN 33.69–33.108 shout, i.e., speak out very loud, with a focus on the verbal content of the message (Zec 4:7+); 3. LN 14.15–14.16 thundering, i.e., the sound following lightning (Job 36:29+), note: this refers to a majestic communication from God in the form of thunder, for Job 36:29 cj, see 9590; note: for MT text in Job 30:22 Q, see 9370, for MT Job 30:22 K, see 9589

תֹּשָׁב (tō·šāḇ) BDB, Lisowsky: see 9369 or 9586 (1Ki 17:1+)

9584 תִּשְׁבֶּה (tiš·bě(h)): n.pr.—LN 93-place (loc.) Tishbeh: a town (1Ki 17:1 v.r.+), note: some repoint and relate as a common noun, “settler,” to 3782; note: see BHS ftn

9585 תִּשְׁבִּי (tiš·bî): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8664;—LN 93-pers. (gent.) Tishbite: pertaining to Tishbe, a town in Gilead (1Ki 17:1; 21:17, 28; 2Ki 1:3, 8; 9:36+)

9586 תִּשְׁבֵּי (tiš·bê): n.pr.; ≡ Str 8664;—LN 93-place (loc.) Tishbe: town in Gilead (1Ki 17:1+), note: for MT text, see 9369

9587 תַּשְׁבֵּץ (tǎš·bēṣ): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 8665; TWOT 2320c—LN 6.152–6.187 special woven fabric, i.e., a decorative fabric special either because of the variegated pattern of the weaving, or the special threads (silver or gold?) that would be interwoven with it (Ex 28:4+), note: context is not determinative as to which nuance is correct, but based on the usage of related root words, the “plaiting” of metal threads is the more likely rendering

9588 תְּשׁוּבָה (tešû·ḇā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8666; TWOT 2340f—1. LN 15.88–15.92 return, go back, i.e., make linear motion to a certain prior geographical point (1Sa 7:17+); 2. LN 33.180–33.188 an answer, i.e., a response to a question or situation (Job 21:34; 34:36+); 3. LN 67.163–67.200 unit: תְּשׁוּבָה שָׁנָה (tešû·ḇā(h) šā·nā(h))2 spring, formally, return of the year, i.e., a definite season of the year after the cold season, likely at the end of the latter rains, and before the heat of summer, so quite approximately latter March to early May (2Sa 11:1; 1Ki 20:22, 26; 1Ch 20:1; 2Ch 36:10+)

תשׁוה (tšwh) BDB: see 9589

9589 תְּשֻׁוָּה (tešǔw·wā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 7738; TWOT 2343—see 9370 or 9583 (Job 30:22 K+), note: for MT Q, see 9370, for NIV text, see 9583

9590 תַּשְׁוִית (tǎš·wîṯ): n.fem.—LN 6.106–6.117 ottoman, bed, i.e., a cushioned couch as a piece of furniture (Job 36:29 cj+), note: for MT text, see 9583

9591 תְּשׁוּעָה (tešû·ʿā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8668; TWOT 929e—1. LN 21.9–21.13 deliverance, safety, rescue, i.e., to be in a state of freedom from danger (Ps 33:17); 2. LN 21.25–21.32 salvation, i.e., deliverance in a religious sense (Ps 51:16[EB 14]; Isa 45:17); 3. LN 39.52–39.61 victory, i.e., the act. of conquering another entity (Jdg 15:18); 4. LN 12.1–12.42 Savior, i.e., a title of God (Ps 38:23[EB 22]); 5. LN 35.1–35.18 help, i.e., an act. of caring for another (Ps 60:13)

9592 תְּשׁוּקָה (tešû·qā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8669; TWOT 2352a—LN 25.12–25.32 desire, urges, longing, i.e., a very strong emotion or feeling to have or do something (Ge 3:16; 4:7; SS 7:11[EB 10]+), note: this strong desire may refer to sexual urges or desires, or a desire to dominate, or just be independent of the man, other references may also be possible

9593 תְּשׁוּרָה (tešû·rā(h)): n.fem.; ≡ Str 8670; TWOT 2353a—LN 57.178–57.185 tribute, gift, present, i.e., an object which is given to another as a customary payment or token of honor, as quasi-freely given gift (1Sa 9:7+)

: see 8861 (Dt 32:18+)

9594 תֻּשִׁיָּה (tǔ·šiy·yā(h)): n.fem.—see 9370 (Job 6:13; Pr 3:21+)

9595 תְּשִׁיעִי (tešî·ʿî): number; ≡ Str 8671; TWOT 2551—LN 60.56 ninth, i.e., an ordinal number which is the ninth in a series involving, either time, space, or set (Lev 25:22; Nu 7:60; 2Ki 17:6; 25:1; 1Ch 12:13[EB 12]; 24:11; 25:16; 27:12; Ezr 10:9; Jer 36:9, 22; 39:1; 52:4; Eze 24:1; Hag 2:10, 18; Zec 7:1+), see also 9596, 9597

9596 תֵּשַׁע (tē·šǎʿ): number; ≡ Str 8672; TWOT 2550—1. LN 60.18 nine, i.e., a cardinal number (2Sa 24:8), see also 9595, 9596.5; 2. LN 60.56 ninth, i.e., an ordinal number which is the ninth in a series involving, either time, space, or set (Lev 23:32; 2Ki 18:10; 25:3; Jer 39:2; 52:6+); 3. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: תֵּשַׁע־עֶשְׂרֵה (tē·šǎʿ-·ʿěś·rē(h)) nineteenth, formally, nine plus ten, i.e., an ordinal number which is the nineteenth in a series involving, either time, space, or set (2Ki 25:8; Jer 52:12+); 4. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: תֵּשַׁע עֶשְׂרֵה (tē·šǎʿ ʿěś·rē(h)) nineteenth, formally, nine plus ten, i.e., an ordinal number which is the nineteenth in a series involving, either time, space, or set (1Ch 24:16; 25:26+); 5. LN 60.46–60.61 unit: שָׁלֹשׁ וְ־ תֵּשַׁע (šā·lōš w- tē·šǎʿ) thirty-ninth, formally, thirty and nine, i.e., an ordinal number which is the thirty-ninth in a series involving, either time, space, or set (2Ch 16:12+)

תִּשְׁעָה (tiš·ʿā(h)): number [BDB n.fem.]—see 9596

תְּשֻׁעָה (tešǔ·ʿā(h)) BDB: see 9591 (2Sa 19:3[EB 2]+)

תְּשִׁעִי (teši·ʿî) BDB: see 9595

9597 תִּשְׁעִים (tiš·ʿîm): number; ≡ Str 8673; TWOT 2552—LN 60.32 ninety, i.e., a cardinal number (Ge 5:9, 17, 30; 17:1, 17, 24; 1Sa 4:15; 1Ch 9:6; Ezr 2:16, 20, 58; 8:35; Ne 7:21, 25, 60; Jer 52:23; Eze 4:5, 9; 41:12; Da 12:11+), see also 9595
Swanson, J. (1997). Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains : Hebrew (Old Testament) (electronic ed.). Oak Harbor: Logos Research Systems, Inc.

Published: December 18, 2014, 15:15 | Comments Off on Hebrew dictionary- by ArchBishop Uwe AE.Rosenkranz
Category: AiicDiocese, Hebrew Dictionary

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